FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Flynn, BW Norwood, AE AF Flynn, BW Norwood, AE TI Defining normal psychological reactions to disaster SO PSYCHIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID VICTIMS SPEAK; DISTRESS C1 US Dept HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Publ Hlth Emergency Prepa, Washington, DC 20201 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Med Corps, Washington, DC USA. RP Flynn, BW (reprint author), US Dept HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Publ Hlth Emergency Prepa, 200 Independence Ave SW,Room 636G, Washington, DC 20201 USA. NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0048-5713 J9 PSYCHIAT ANN JI Psychiatr. Ann. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 34 IS 8 BP 597 EP 603 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 845OH UT WOS:000223253700008 ER PT J AU Keller, RT Bobo, WV AF Keller, RT Bobo, WV TI Handling human remains SO PSYCHIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; IDENTIFYING HUMAN REMAINS; WAR MORTUARY; FOLLOW-UP; SYMPTOMS; DISASTER; RECOVERY; DEATH; IDENTIFICATION; PSYCHIATRY C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Columbia, MD USA. USA, Washington, DC USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Bobo, WV (reprint author), 413 Harvest Bend Dr, Orange Pk, FL 32003 USA. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0048-5713 J9 PSYCHIAT ANN JI Psychiatr. Ann. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 34 IS 8 BP 634 EP 640 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 845OH UT WOS:000223253700012 ER PT J AU Cormier, VF Anderson, TS AF Cormier, VF Anderson, TS TI Efficiency of Lg propagation from SmS dynamic ray tracing in three-dimensionally varying crustal waveguides SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Lg; lateral heterogeneity; crustal structure; event detection ID TIBETAN PLATEAU; LATERAL VARIATIONS; SHEAR-WAVES; NORTH-SEA; ATTENUATION; SCATTERING; EVOLUTION; REGION; MEDIA; ASIA AB The effects of variations in crustal and basin thicknesses on the efficiency of Lg propagation in Central Asia are investigated by comparing the predictions of ray theoretical modeling of Lg as multiple, critically reflected, SmS rays with observations at the KNET, CNET, and ILPA arrays. Ray modeling predicts that strong spatial gradients in crustal thickness within 10 to 50 km of either the source or receiver can affect Lg efficiency over paths exceeding 500 km. Variations in the efficiency of Lg propagation to KNET, including instances of strong variations across the aperture of the array, are consistent with predicted blockage of SmS by high slopes of Moho topography associated with the Hindu Kush and Pamir mountains. At CNET and ILPA the blocking effects of Moho slopes associated with the Caucausus and Zagros mountain belts and Black and Caspian Seas are accentuated by the effects of thick basins. Thick basins (greater than 2000 m) are found to have large effects on the efficiency of Lg propagation from shallow (1 km) crustal sources, blocking either a portion or all of the Lg phase along paths crossing these basins. The basin effects are strongly sensitive to source depth, nearly vanishing for sources 15 km and deeper. C1 Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. USACE ERDC CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Cormier, VF (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, 2152 Hillside Rd, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM vernon.cormier@uconn.edu; thomas.s.anderson@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 161 IS 8 BP 1613 EP 1633 DI 10.1007/s00024-004-2524-3 PG 21 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 827VH UT WOS:000221931000001 ER PT J AU Hampton, SE Reiser, RA AF Hampton, SE Reiser, RA TI Effects of a theory-based feedback and consultation process on instruction and learning in college classrooms SO RESEARCH IN HIGHER EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE student ratings feedback; instructional consultation; teaching effectiveness ID STUDENT-RATINGS; TEACHING EFFECTIVENESS; MULTISECTION VALIDITY; META-ANALYSIS; IMPROVEMENT; ACHIEVEMENT; UTILITY AB This study examined how midterm student ratings feedback provided to teaching assistants via a theory-based ratings instrument, combined with consultation on instructional practices, would affect teaching practices, ratings of teaching effectiveness, and student learning and motivation. The student ratings instrument that was employed focused on a series of instructional activities derived from Gagne's theory of instruction and Reiser and Dick's instructional model. Thirty-seven teaching assistants in undergraduate computer science and chemistry courses were randomly assigned to either a feedback + consultation group or a no-feedback group. Results of this study indicated that the feedback and consultation process had a significant impact on instructional practices and ratings of teaching effectiveness. Student learning and student motivation were positively correlated with the frequency with which the various instructional activities examined in this study were utilized. Implications of these findings and suggestions for future research are discussed. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Hampton, SE (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM scotthampton@att.net NR 44 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 13 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC-HUMAN SCIENCES PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 0361-0365 J9 RES HIGH EDUC JI Res. High. Educ. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 45 IS 5 BP 497 EP 527 DI 10.1023/B:RIHE.0000032326.00426.d5 PG 31 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA 839TT UT WOS:000222808500003 ER PT J AU Shkuratov, SI Talantsev, EF Menon, L Temkin, H Baird, J Altgilbers, LL AF Shkuratov, SI Talantsev, EF Menon, L Temkin, H Baird, J Altgilbers, LL TI Compact high-voltage generator of primary power based on shock wave depolarization of lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramics SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID ND2FE14B HARD FERROMAGNETICS; DEMAGNETIZATION AB The design and performance of a compact explosive-driven high-voltage primary power generator is presented. The generator utilizes a fundamental physical effect-depolarization of ferroelectric materials under longitudinal shock wave impact, when the shock wave is initiated along the polarization vector P. These primary power sources, containing energy-carrying elements made of lead zirconate titanate poled piezoelectric ceramics, with the volume from 0.35 to 3.3 cm(3), are capable of producing pulses of high voltage with amplitudes up to 21.4 kV. The amplitude and full width at half-maximum of the high-voltage pulses are directly proportional to the thickness of the energy-carrying element, with coefficients of proportionality of 3.42+/-0.12 kV/mm (amplitude) and 0.125+/-0.01 mus/mm (width). The specific energy density of these ferroelectric energy-carrying elements reaches 76 mJ/cm(3). (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Missouri, Rock Mech & Explos Res Ctr, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. RP Shkuratov, SI (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. OI Talantsev, Evgeny/0000-0001-8970-7982 NR 17 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 75 IS 8 BP 2766 EP 2769 DI 10.1063/1.1771490 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 849QQ UT WOS:000223555300045 ER PT J AU Sondeen, JL Pusateri, AE Hedner, U Yantis, LD Holcomb, JB AF Sondeen, JL Pusateri, AE Hedner, U Yantis, LD Holcomb, JB TI Recombinant factor Vlla increases the pressure at which rebleeding occurs in porcine uncontrolled aortic hemorrhage model SO SHOCK LA English DT Article DE hemorrhagic shock; resuscitation; hemostasis; trauma; swine ID ACTIVATED FACTOR-VII; V LIVER-INJURIES; HYPOTENSIVE RESUSCITATION; TRAUMA PATIENTS; RFVIIA; SWINE; COAGULOPATHY; MANAGEMENT; SURGERY; FIBRIN AB In trauma patients, resuscitation to endpoints below normal blood pressure (BP) levels may reduce further blood loss due to the rebleeding often caused by more aggressive resuscitation. However, patients whose BP is maintained at lower levels for extended periods are at increased risk for organ failure. The purpose of this study was to determine whether recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) raises the BP level at which rebleeding occurs in a prospective, randomized, blinded study using a porcine model of uncontrolled hemorrhage and resuscitation. Thirty anesthetized 40-kg pigs were assigned to three groups (n = 10/group): control, low-dose rFVIIa (180 mug/kg), or high-dose (720 mug/kg). Vehicle or drug was infused 5 min before creating a 2.0-mm infrarenal aortotomy. Ten minutes later, resuscitation with lactated Ringer's (LR) solution at 100 mL/min was begun. Hemorrhage and LR volumes and BP were recorded continuously. We found that pretreatment with rFVIIa increased the mean arterial pressure at which rebleeding occurred during resuscitation (45 3, 69 +/- 5, and 66 +/- 6 mmHg in the control, low-dose, and high-dose groups, respectively, P = 0.003). Rebleed hemorrhage volume was reduced with rFVIIa (39 +/- 9, 22 +/- 7, and 26 +/- 5 mL/kg for control, and low and high dose, respectively; P = 0.055). This is the first study to show that rFVIIa increases the BP at which rebleeding occurs during resuscitation in an injury to a major artery, suggesting the formation of a tight, stronger fibrin plug in the presence of high concentrations of rFVIIa. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Novo Nordisk AS, Malov, Denmark. RP Sondeen, JL (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM jill.sondeen@amedd.army.mil NR 27 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD AUG PY 2004 VL 22 IS 2 BP 163 EP 168 DI 10.1097/01.shk.000129202.76706.bd PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 839DC UT WOS:000222762500011 PM 15257090 ER PT J AU Brassell, SA Krueger, WR Choi, JH Taylor, JA AF Brassell, SA Krueger, WR Choi, JH Taylor, JA TI Correlation of endorectal coil magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate with pathologic stage SO WORLD JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE endorectal coil MRI; prostate cancer staging; extracapsular extension ID RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; CANCER RECURRENCE; CLINICAL STAGE; GLEASON SCORE; MEN; ANTIGEN; IMPACT AB The aim was to evaluate the pretreatment efficacy of endorectal coil (ERC) MRI in accurately predicting extracapsular extension in a group of intermediate risk patients. A total of 40 intermediate risk patients were identified who underwent pretreatment ERC MRI and subsequent radical prostatectomy ( RP). Imaging studies and pathologic analysis were compared with respect to presence of extracapsular extension (ECE), involvement of seminal vesicles, and appearance of regional nodes. Mean age was 62 years, PSA 14.8, and most common stage was cT2a/pT2c and Gleason 6. ERC MRI has a positive predictive value of 81%, specificity 89%, and odds ratio 6.47 in determining extracapsular extension. Conversely, its sensitivity is only 43%, with a negative predictive value of 59%. ERC MRI may be useful as an adjunctive study for intermediate risk patients due to its high specificity and positive predictive value, thereby adding information to the clinical decision-making process. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Brassell, SA (reprint author), 1551 Hugo Circle, Silver Spring, MD 20906 USA. EM Stephen.Brassell@NA.AMEDD.ARMY.MIL NR 14 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0724-4983 J9 WORLD J UROL JI World J. Urol. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 22 IS 4 BP 289 EP 292 DI 10.1007/s00345-004-0440-x PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 869RF UT WOS:000225001000011 PM 15365749 ER PT J AU Dai, MR Shen, HH Hopkins, MA Ackley, SF AF Dai, MR Shen, HH Hopkins, MA Ackley, SF TI Wave rafting and the equilibrium pancake ice cover thickness SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE pancake ice; wave rafting; equilibrium ice thickness; ice-wave interaction; polar oceanography ID WEDDELL SEA; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; GREASE ICE; PACK ICE AB Pancake ice, the circular floes formed during ice growth in a wave field, forms in many polar and subpolar seas. Vertical thin sections of cores taken from the ice cover in these regions show distinct layering structure. These observations suggest wave rafting could play a significant role in defining the ice cover thickness, much more so than thermodynamic growth. Although wave rafting is intuitively apparent, no previous study relating the resulting ice cover to wave characteristics has been conducted. In this study we utilize both laboratory experiments and numerical simulations to determine the rafting process. We propose a theory that predicts a final equilibrium thickness, provided that the incoming wave is kept constant. The equilibrium thickness from the theory is proportional to the square of the wave amplitude and the square of the floe diameter and is inversely proportional to the cube of the wavelength. This theory relates the final ice cover thickness to the wave characteristics and the size and surface properties of the pancake ice floes. This theory also provides a way to calculate the speed with which the boundary between the single-layer pancake ice floes and the equilibrium rafted ice cover propagates. We conduct laboratory experiments with plastic model pancake ice to create rafting. We perform computer simulations with a three-dimensional discrete element model that simulates the movement of disc-shaped floes in the wave field. We compare the theoretical result with the laboratory experiments and a numerically simulated rafting process. Both the laboratory and the computer simulation results compare favorably with the theory. C1 Clarkson Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, USACE Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Dai, MR (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. EM daim@clarkson.edu; hhshen@clarkson.edu; mark.s.hopkins@erdc.usace.army.mil; sackley@pol.net NR 24 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUL 31 PY 2004 VL 109 IS C7 AR C07023 DI 10.1029/2003JC002192 PG 9 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 844WI UT WOS:000223191400002 ER PT J AU Little, SF Webster, WM Ivins, BE Fellows, PF Norris, SL Andrews, GP AF Little, SF Webster, WM Ivins, BE Fellows, PF Norris, SL Andrews, GP TI Development of an in vitro-based potency assay for anthrax vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Bacillus anthracis; vaccine; potency assay ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; GUINEA-PIGS; IMMUNIZATION; RECOMBINANT; INFECTION; STRAIN; CORRELATE; EFFICACY; PROTEASE AB The potency assay currently used to evaluate consistency of manufacture for the anthrax vaccine is contingent upon meeting specified parameters after statistical analysis of the percent survival and time to death of vaccinated guinea pigs after challenge with spores of a virulent strain of Bacillus anthracis. During the development of a new anthrax vaccine based upon recombinant protective antigen (rPA) adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide gel (Alhydrogel), we found that the serological response of female A/J mice, as measured by a quantitative anti-rPA IgG ELISA, may be an effective method to monitor a manufacturer's consistency for rPA-based vaccines. An advantage of the proposed in vitro-based potency assay is that it will not need stringent biosafety containment measures as required by the current guinea pig potency assay. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Res Plans & Programs Off, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Little, SF (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM stephen.little@amedd.army.mil NR 30 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 29 PY 2004 VL 22 IS 21-22 BP 2843 EP 2852 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.203.12.027 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 842KC UT WOS:000223001900026 PM 15246620 ER PT J AU Klinman, DA Xie, H Little, SF Currie, D Ivins, BE AF Klinman, DA Xie, H Little, SF Currie, D Ivins, BE TI CpG oligonucleotides improve the protective immune response induced by the anthrax vaccination of rhesus macaques SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE CpG oligonucleotide; anthrax; vaccine adjuvant ID B SURFACE-ANTIGEN; BACTERIAL-DNA; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; SYNTHETIC OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES; INTERFERON-GAMMA; POTENT ENHANCER; CUTTING EDGE; HUMAN-CELLS; MOTIFS; ADJUVANTS AB Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing unmethylated CpG motifs act as immune adjuvants, improving the immune response elicited by co-administered vaccines. Combining CpG ODN with anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA, the licensed human vaccine) increased the speed, magnitude and avidity of the resultant anti-anthrax response. The protective activity of these Abs was established by passive transfer to anthrax-challenged mice. The ability of CpG ODN to accelerate and magnify the immune response to AVA suggests this strategy may contribute to the development of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against biothreat pathogens. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Sect Retroviral Immunol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD USA. RP Klinman, DA (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Sect Retroviral Immunol, Bldg 29A,Rm 3 D 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM klinman@cber.fda.gov NR 41 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 29 PY 2004 VL 22 IS 21-22 BP 2881 EP 2886 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2003.12.020 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 842KC UT WOS:000223001900030 PM 15246624 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of diethynyldimethylstannane SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; diethynyldimethylstannane ID ALKYNYL-STANNANES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ALKYNYLSTANNANES; ORGANOBORATION; COMPLEXES; STANNOLES; CHLORIDE; EXCHANGE AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of diethynyldimethylstannane are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. Each of the vibrational modes was assigned to one of nine types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (Sn-C stretch, CdropC stretch, C-H stretch, CdropC-H bend, Sn-CdropC bend, C-Sn-C bend, H-C-H bend, CH3 wag, and CH3 twist) utilizing the C-2v symmetry of the molecule. Uniform scaling factors were derived for each type of motion. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD JUL 26 PY 2004 VL 681 IS 1-3 BP 157 EP 167 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.04.063 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 847BU UT WOS:000223364600023 ER PT J AU Jackson, WL Shorr, AF AF Jackson, WL Shorr, AF TI Free cortisol and critically ill patients SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID SEPTIC SHOCK C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Jackson, WL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM william.jackson1@na.amedd.army.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 22 PY 2004 VL 351 IS 4 BP 396 EP 396 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 839RC UT WOS:000222801200020 ER PT J AU Crabb, D DeFrank, J Penet, C Warner, J AF Crabb, D DeFrank, J Penet, C Warner, J TI Toxic clean-up SO CHEMISTRY & INDUSTRY LA English DT Article ID NERVE AGENTS; ENZYME; FOAMS C1 Genencor Int, Palo Alto, CA USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Genencor Int, Rochester, NY USA. Def Life Sci, Mclean, VA USA. RP Crabb, D (reprint author), Genencor Int, Palo Alto, CA USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC CHEMICAL INDUSTRY PI LONDON PA 14 BELGRAVE SQUARE, LONDON SW1X 8PS, ENGLAND SN 0009-3068 J9 CHEM IND-LONDON JI Chem. Ind. PD JUL 19 PY 2004 IS 14 BP 15 EP 17 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Applied SC Chemistry GA 841HG UT WOS:000222920100015 ER PT J AU Warfield, KL Perkins, JG Swenson, DL Deal, EM Bosio, CM Aman, MJ Yokoyama, WM Young, HA Bavari, S AF Warfield, KL Perkins, JG Swenson, DL Deal, EM Bosio, CM Aman, MJ Yokoyama, WM Young, HA Bavari, S TI Role of natural killer cells in innate protection against lethal Ebola virus infection SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE virus-like particles; filoviruses; immunity; matrix protein; glycoprotein ID MATRIX PROTEIN VP40; DENDRITIC CELLS; NK CELLS; IN-VIVO; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; MARBURG VIRUSES; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; ACTIVATION; RECOGNITION; PARTICLES AB Ebola virus is a highly lethal human pathogen and is rapidly driving many wild primate populations toward extinction. Several lines of evidence suggest that innate, nonspecific host factors are potentially critical for survival after Ebola virus infection. Here, we show that nonreplicating Ebola virus-like particles (VLPs), containing the glycoprotein (GP) and matrix protein virus protein (VP)40, administered 1-3 d before Ebola virus infection rapidly induced protective immunity. VLP injection enhanced the numbers of natural killer (NK) cells in lymphoid tissues. In contrast to live Ebola virus, VLP treatment of NK cells enhanced cytokine secretion and cytolytic activity against NK-sensitive targets. Unlike wild-type mice, treatment of NK-deficient or -depleted mice with VLPs had no protective effect against Ebola virus infection and NK cells treated with VLPs protected against Ebola virus infection when adoptively transferred to naive mice. The mechanism of NK cell-mediated protection clearly depended on perform, but not interferon-gamma secretion. Particles containing only VP40 were sufficient to induce NK cell responses and provide protection from infection in the absence of the viral GP. These findings revealed a decisive role for NK cells during lethal Ebola virus infection. This work should open new doors for better understanding of Ebola virus pathogenesis and direct the development of immunotherapeutics, which target the innate immune system, for treatment of Ebola virus infection. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, Expt Immunol Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Hematol & Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Div Rheumatol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. RP Bavari, S (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM sina.bavari@amedd.army.mil RI Young, Howard/A-6350-2008; Bosio, Catharine/D-7456-2015 OI Young, Howard/0000-0002-3118-5111; NR 53 TC 79 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 22 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD JUL 19 PY 2004 VL 200 IS 2 BP 169 EP 179 DI 10.1084/jem.20032141 PG 11 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 841JL UT WOS:000222926000005 PM 15249592 ER PT J AU Raghavan, S Forman, D Hill, P Weisse-Bernstein, NR von Winckel, G Rotella, P Krishna, S Kennerly, SW Little, JW AF Raghavan, S Forman, D Hill, P Weisse-Bernstein, NR von Winckel, G Rotella, P Krishna, S Kennerly, SW Little, JW TI Normal-incidence InAs/In0.15Ga0.85As quantum dots-in-a-well detector operating in the long-wave infrared atmospheric window (8-12 mu m) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHOTODETECTORS; PERFORMANCE; TEMPERATURE AB Normal incidence InAs/In0.15Ga0.85As dots-in-a-well (DWELL) detectors are reported in which the peak operating wavelength was tailored from 7.2 to 11 mum using heterostructure engineering of the DWELL structure. Using an optimized design, a detector with a spectral response spanning the long-wave infrared atmospheric window (8-12 mum) is obtained. Spectral response peaks were observed at lambda(p)=10.3 mum and 11.3 mum under positive and negative bias, respectively. These peaks are attributed to bound-to-bound transitions from the InAs quantum dot to the InGaAs well. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, ECE Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Krishna, S (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, ECE Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM skrishna@chtm.unm.edu RI Krishna, Sanjay /C-5766-2009 NR 19 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 2 BP 1036 EP 1039 DI 10.1063/1.1760832 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 834DJ UT WOS:000222391500014 ER PT J AU Pusateri, AE Kheirabadi, BS Delgado, AV Doyle, JW Kanellos, J Uscilowicz, JM Martinez, RS Holcomb, JB Modrow, HE AF Pusateri, AE Kheirabadi, BS Delgado, AV Doyle, JW Kanellos, J Uscilowicz, JM Martinez, RS Holcomb, JB Modrow, HE TI Structural design of the dry fibrin sealant dressing and its impact on the hemostatic efficacy of the product SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Article DE hemostatic dressing; hemorrhage control; fibrin sealant; liver injury; animal model; fibrinogen; thrombin; swine ID V LIVER-INJURIES; ADHESIVE BANDAGE; BLOOD-LOSS; DEATH; SWINE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HEMORRHAGE AB We compared the hemostatic efficacy of a production version of a dry fibrin sealant dressing (DFSD) to a prototype that was previously successful in large animal studies. The results were used to improve manufacturing processes. Grade-V liver injuries were induced in swine and treated with gauze sponges (GAU), the prototype dressings (DFSD-1), or the scaled-up production version dressings (DFSD-2 in experiment 1 and DFSD-3 in experiment 2). Blood loss, hemostasis, resuscitation volume, and 60-min survival were quantified. In experiment 1, the DFSD-1 treatment reduced blood loss (p < 0.01), increased hemostasis at 4 min (p < 0.05), and improved survival (p < 0.05) compared with GAU. The DFSHD-2 decreased blood loss (p < 0.05) but did not increase hemostasis or survival significantly. Based on these results, manufacturing processes were altered, producing DFSD-3. In experiment 2, the DFSD-1 and DFSD-3 were equally effective in reducing blood loss (p < 0.01) and resuscitation volume (p < 0.05) compared with GAU. Hemostasis occurred more frequently in both the DFSD-1 and DFSD-3 groups (p < 0.01) compared with GAU. The structural design of DFSD-2 did not meet the efficacy requirement for release of the product. The subsequent change incorporated in DFSD-3 improved all hemostatic parameters of the dressings equal to those of the prototype product. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Amer Red Cross, Jerome H Holland Lab, Rockville, MD 20855 USA. Commonwealth Serum Labs, Bioplasma, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. USA, Med Mat Dev, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Kheirabadi, BS (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM bijan.kheirabadi@cen.amedd.army.mil NR 25 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0021-9304 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES B JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B PD JUL 15 PY 2004 VL 70B IS 1 BP 114 EP 121 DI 10.1002/jbm.b.30031 PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 834KJ UT WOS:000222409700014 PM 15199591 ER PT J AU Takimoto, CH Saif, MW Lorusso, PM Sweeney, C Ducharme, MP Chu, SCQ Schwartz, GH Danna, M De Jager, RL Rowinsky, EK AF Takimoto, CH Saif, MW Lorusso, PM Sweeney, C Ducharme, MP Chu, SCQ Schwartz, GH Danna, M De Jager, RL Rowinsky, EK TI A pharmacokinetic (PK) dose escalation study of OX-8951 f (DX) in adult cancer patients with hepatic dysfunction: A comparison of the NCl hepatic dysfunction criteria and the Child-Pugh classification. SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 40th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY JUN 05-08, 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. MDS Pharma Serv, Montreal, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Daiichi Pharmaceut Corp, Montvale, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 330 JOHN CARLYLE ST, STE 300, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUL 15 PY 2004 VL 22 IS 14 SU S MA 2017 BP 131S EP 131S PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 849BL UT WOS:000223512400519 PM 28015599 ER PT J AU Schwartz, G Chu, QSC Hammond, LA Mita, M Curtright, J Versola, MJ Koch, K Pandite, LN Ho, PTC Rowinsky, EK AF Schwartz, G Chu, QSC Hammond, LA Mita, M Curtright, J Versola, MJ Koch, K Pandite, LN Ho, PTC Rowinsky, EK TI Phase I clinical, biology & pharmacokinetic study of the combination of GW 572016 and capecitabine in patients with advanced solid tumors SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 40th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY JUN 05-08, 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX USA. GlaxoSmithKline, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 330 JOHN CARLYLE ST, STE 300, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUL 15 PY 2004 VL 22 IS 14 SU S MA 3070 BP 212S EP 212S PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 849BL UT WOS:000223512400837 PM 28014766 ER PT J AU Weiss, GR Mita, A Garrison, M Chu, SCQ Syed, S Haider, O Bonate, P Hammond, LA Rowinsky, EK AF Weiss, GR Mita, A Garrison, M Chu, SCQ Syed, S Haider, O Bonate, P Hammond, LA Rowinsky, EK TI Phase 1, pharmacokinetic (PK) study of synthadotin (SYN-D; ILX651), a next generation antitubulin, administered iv weekly x 3 weeks every 4 weeks (wx3q4w) SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 40th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY JUN 05-08, 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. CTRC, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. ILEX Prod Inc, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 330 JOHN CARLYLE ST, STE 300, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUL 15 PY 2004 VL 22 IS 14 SU S MA 3073 BP 213S EP 213S PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 849BL UT WOS:000223512400842 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M Cao, G Roy, WN AF Grujicic, M Cao, G Roy, WN TI A computational analysis of the percolation threshold and the electrical conductivity of carbon nanotubes filled polymeric materials SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CONTINUUM PERCOLATION; STICKS AB Percolation of individual single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and of SWCNT bundles dispersed in a non-interacting polymeric matrix has been analyzed computationally using an analytical model and a numerical simulation method. While the analytical model used is strictly valid only in the limit of an infinite length-to-diameter aspect ratio of the dispersed phase, good agreement is found between its predictions and the ones obtained using a computationally-intensive numerical method for the aspect ratios as small as 350. Since the aspect ratio of the individual SWCNTs is on the order of 1,000-10,000, this finding suggests that the analytical model can be used to study SWCNT percolation phenomena. An electrical network model is also applied to the percolating and near-percolating SWCNT clusters in order to compute the dc electrical conductivity of a CP2 polyimide + SWCNT composite material. A reasonably good agreement is obtained between the computational and the experimental results with respect to both the magnitude of the electrical conductivity and to its behavior in the vicinity of the percolation threshold. (C) 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Program Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USA, Res Lab, Proc & Properties Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Program Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM mica.grujicic@ces.clemson.edu RI Cao, guoxin/A-9790-2012 OI Cao, guoxin/0000-0002-6598-2899 NR 17 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 18 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUL 15 PY 2004 VL 39 IS 14 BP 4441 EP 4449 DI 10.1023/B:JMSC.0000034136.11779.96 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 835HM UT WOS:000222473300002 ER PT J AU Feng, K Hsu, FL Van DerVeer, D Bota, K Bu, XR AF Feng, K Hsu, FL Van DerVeer, D Bota, K Bu, XR TI Tuning fluorescence properties of imidazole derivatives with thiophene and thiazole SO JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE imidazole; lophine; thiazole; thiophene; fluorescence; crystal structure ID LOPHINE CHEMI-LUMINESCENCE; NONLINEAR-OPTICAL CHROMOPHORES; 2,4,5-TRIPHENYLIMIDAZOLE; CHROMIUM(VI); MECHANISM; DIMERS AB The steric effect from aromatic species at the 2-position has been evaluated in 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazole system. The steric interaction from the 2-position has a direct impact on the fluorescent properties. There is a correlation between the twist and fluorescence quantum yield. The larger the twist is, and the more reduction of quantum yield it will have. The use of thiazole at the 2-position almost eliminates the interaction and retains the coplanarity. As a result, the substitution at the 1-position does not compromise the quantum yield. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. Clark Atlanta Univ, Lab Electroopt Mat, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Bu, XR (reprint author), Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Chem, 223 James P Brawley Dr, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. EM xbu@cau.edu NR 24 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1010-6030 J9 J PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO A JI J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem. PD JUL 15 PY 2004 VL 165 IS 1-3 BP 223 EP 228 DI 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2004.03.021 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 838DP UT WOS:000222693900030 ER PT J AU Cohen, SP Larkin, T AF Cohen, SP Larkin, T TI Sedation with ketamine during intradiscal electrothermal therapy SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE analgesia; back pain; intradiscal electrothermal therapy; ketamine; N-methyl-D-aspartate; sedation ID BACK-PAIN; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; FOLLOW-UP; ANESTHESIA AB Study Design. A technical report. Objectives. To present a new and improved method to sedate patients during intradiscal electrothermal therapy (IDET). Summary of Background Data. The current standard of practice is to sedate patients with short-acting benzodiazepines and opioids during the coagulation phase of intradiscal electrothermal therapy. There are few data on the subject, but it is estimated that between 5% and 20% of IDET procedures are either aborted early or switched to a lower heating temperature because patients cannot tolerate the optimal, recommended heating protocol. A priori, one must assume these patients are more likely to fail their treatment than those who are able to tolerate complete heating. Methods. The authors treated 9 patients receiving intradiscal electrothermal therapy who were unable to tolerate the latter portion of their heating protocol secondary to axial low back pain despite high doses of opioids, with low dose ketamine. This paper outlines our experience with "rescue" doses of ketamine, along with the rationale and guidelines for its use. Results. After receiving ketamine, all patients were able to complete the full intradiscal electrothermal therapy heating protocol. The rescue dosages of ketamine ranged from 15 to 55 mg. The dosages of midazolam used to prevent the psychomimetic effects of ketamine ranged from 3 to 7 mg. Oxygen saturation and hemodynamic parameters did not change significantly after ketamine was administered, and all patients remained responsive throughout the procedure. There were no adverse effects or complications reported. Conclusions. When used judiciously to treat axial back pain during intradiscal electrothermal therapy heating, ketamine is a safe and effective rescue medication. C1 Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Pain Management Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Landstuhl Reg Army Med Ctr, Landstuhl, Germany. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Pain Management Ctr, Blalock 1415,600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM spc5_2000@yahoo.com NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD JUL 15 PY 2004 VL 29 IS 14 BP 1590 EP 1592 DI 10.1097/01.BRS.0000131216.28800.71 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 838HK UT WOS:000222703900017 PM 15247585 ER PT J AU McNeil, JG Johnston, MI Tramont, EC Birx, DL AF McNeil, JG Johnston, MI Tramont, EC Birx, DL TI Outstanding questions on HIV vaccine trial - Response SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP McNeil, JG (reprint author), NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 9 PY 2004 VL 305 IS 5681 BP 180 EP 180 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 835QQ UT WOS:000222501000021 ER PT J AU Junker, C Sheahan, JN Jennings, SG O'Brien, P Hinds, BD Martinez-Twary, E Hansen, ADA White, C Garvey, DM Pinnick, RG AF Junker, C Sheahan, JN Jennings, SG O'Brien, P Hinds, BD Martinez-Twary, E Hansen, ADA White, C Garvey, DM Pinnick, RG TI Measurement and analysis of aerosol and black carbon in the southwestern United States and Panama and their dependence on air mass origin SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE black carbon; aerosol mass; air mass trajectory; aerosol absorption; statistical analysis of aerosol data; time series analysis of aerosol data ID LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; ATTENUATION CROSS-SECTION; MACE-HEAD; ELEMENTAL CARBON; LIGHT-ABSORPTION; THERMAL MEASUREMENTS; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SOURCE REGIONS AB Total aerosol mass loading, aerosol absorption, and black carbon ( BC) content were determined from aerosol collected on 598 quartz fiber filters at a remote, semiarid site near Orogrande, New Mexico from December 1989 to October 1995. Aerosol mass was determined by weighing filters before and after exposure, and aerosol absorption was determined by measuring the visible light transmitted through loaded filter samples and converting these measurements to aerosol absorption. BC content was determined by measuring visible light transmitted through filter samples before and after firing and converting the absorption to BC mass, assuming a BC absorption cross section of 19 m(2)/g in the fiber filter medium. Two analyses were then performed on each of the logged variables: an autoregressive integrating moving average (ARIMA) analysis and a decomposition analysis using an autoregressive model to accommodate first-order autocorrelation. The two analyses reveal that BC mass has no statistically significant seasonal dependence at the 5% level of significance but only random fluctuations varying around an average annual value that has a long-term decreasing trend (from 0.16 to 0.11 mug/m(3) during 1990-1995). Aerosol absorption, which is dominated by BC, also displays random fluctuations about an average value, and decreases from 1.9 Mm(-1) to 1.3 Mm(-1) during the same period. Unlike BC, aerosol mass at the Orogrande site displays distinctly different character. The analyses reveal a pronounced seasonal dependence, but no long-term trend for aerosol mass. The seasonal indices resulting from the autoregression analysis have a minimum in January (-0.78) and maximum in June (+0.58). The geometric mean value over the 1990-1995 period for aerosol mass is 16.0 mug/m(3). Since BC aerosol at the Orogrande site is a product of long-range atmospheric transport, a back trajectory analysis of air masses was conducted. Back trajectory analyses indicate that air masses traversing high population centres on the west coast of the USA can lead to significant BC loading, while air masses originating from the southeast of the site tend to have less BC. Additional aerosol measurements are reported for a remote maritime site located on the Atlantic side of the former Panama Canal Zone for the 1976-1979 period, although these data have been analyzed with less statistical rigor. The average geometric mean value of aerosol mass loading for this site is 9.7 mug/m(3), with a significant decreasing trend of -19% per year. The mean value of aerosol absorption is 0.59 Mm(-1), with a decreasing trend of -15% per year. C1 Natl Univ Ireland, Dept Expt Phys, Atmospher Res Grp, Galway, Ireland. Natl Univ Ireland, Dept Math, Galway, Ireland. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 88002 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Junker, C (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland, Dept Expt Phys, Atmospher Res Grp, Galway, Ireland. EM carsten.junker@nuigalway.ie; jerome.sheahan@nuigalway.ie; gerard.jennings@nuigalway.ie; phillip.obrien@nuigalway.ie; tonyhansen@mageesci.com; dgarvey@arl.army.mil; rpinnick@arl.army.mil RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 58 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUL 7 PY 2004 VL 109 IS D13 AR D13201 DI 10.1029/2003JD004066 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 837RV UT WOS:000222654600001 ER PT J AU Eckart, RE Love, SS Atwood, JE Arness, MK Cassimatis, DC Campbell, CL Boyd, SY Murphy, JG Swerdlow, DL Collins, LC Riddle, JR Tornberg, DN Grabenstein, JD Engler, RJM AF Eckart, RE Love, SS Atwood, JE Arness, MK Cassimatis, DC Campbell, CL Boyd, SY Murphy, JG Swerdlow, DL Collins, LC Riddle, JR Tornberg, DN Grabenstein, JD Engler, RJM CA Dept of Def Smallpox Vaccination TI Incidence and follow-up of inflammatory cardiac complications after smallpox vaccination SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; VIRAL MYOCARDITIS AB OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to assess the follow-up of patients with vaccinia-associated myocarditis. BACKGROUND With the threat of biological warfare, the U.S. Department of Defense resumed a program for widespread smallpox vaccinations on December 13, 2002. One-year afterwards, there has been a significant increase in the occurrence of myocarditis and pericarditis among those vaccinated. METHODS Cases were identified through sentinel reporting to military headquarters, systematic surveillance, and spontaneous reports. RESULTS A total of 540,824 military personnel were vaccinated with a New York City Board of Health strain of vaccinia from December 2002 through December 2003. Of these, 67 developed myopericarditis at 10.4 +/- 3.6 days after vaccination. The ST-segment elevation was noted in 57%, mean troponin on admission was 11.3 +/- 22.7 ng/dl, and peak cardiac enzymes were noted within 8 h of presentation. On follow-up of 64 patients (96%) at a mean of 32 16 weeks, all patients had objective normalization of echocardiography, electrocardiography, laboratory testing, graded exercise testing, and functional status; 8 (13%) reported atypical, non-limiting persistent chest discomfort. CONCLUSIONS Post-vaccinial myopericarditis should be considered in patients with chest pain within 30 days after smallpox vaccination. Normalization of echocardiography, electrocardiography, and treadmill testing is expected, and nearly all patients have resolution of chest pain on follow-up. (C) 2004 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation. C1 USA, Med Command, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Vaccine Healthcare ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. USN, Med Ctr, Vaccine Healthcare Ctr, Washington, DC USA. USA, Med Surveillance Act, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. USA, Med Command, Off Assistant Secreary Def Hlth Affairs, Falls Church, VA USA. USA, Med Command, Mil Vaccine Agcy, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Eckart, RE (reprint author), USA, Med Command, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Robert.Eckart@us.army.mil NR 22 TC 77 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD JUL 7 PY 2004 VL 44 IS 1 BP 201 EP 205 DI 10.1016/j.jacc.2004.05.004 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 834OX UT WOS:000222421500040 PM 15234435 ER PT J AU Gent, DB Bricka, RM Alshawabkeh, AN Larson, SL Fabian, G Granade, S AF Gent, DB Bricka, RM Alshawabkeh, AN Larson, SL Fabian, G Granade, S TI Bench- and field-scale evaluation of chromium and cadmium extraction by electrokinetics SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Congress on Environmental Geotechnics CY AUG, 2002 CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL DE electrokinetics; soil remediation; heavy metals; electroosmosis; ion migration ID CONTAMINATED SOILS; REMEDIATION; REMOVAL; KAOLINITE; METALS; LEAD AB The results of bench-scale laboratory tests and in situ, pilot-scale demonstration of electrokinetic extraction of chromium and cadmium from contaminated soil are presented. The laboratory tests were conducted using 10 cm long samples under current density of 5 A/m(2) for 1200 h. Tests were conducted with and without citric acid amendment at the cathode. The results showed that citric acid improved extraction, especially in the sections near the cathode. However, processing was not enough to result in complete cleanup. The field demo was conducted at the Naval Air Weapon Station (NAWS), Point Mugu, California. Three cathodes were centered between six anodes. The anode-cathode spacing was 4.45 m (15 ft). Constant voltage of 60 V (similar to13 V/m) was applied for 20 days and then was reduced to 45 V (10 V/m) for 6 months. Citric acid was used to maintain the cathode pH at 4. After 6 months of treatment, 78% of the soil volume has been cleared of chromium or treated to below natural background levels. The results also indicated that 70% of the soil between the electrodes had been cleared of cadmium contamination. A comparison between the bench-scale and field demo showed that the field process was more effective than the lab tests. This indicated that small sample size will induce a negative effect on the efficiency of the process due to an increased impact of the boundaries on the overall process. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Mississippi State Univ, Dave C Swalm Sch Chem Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. US ACE, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS USA. Northeastern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USA, Aberdeen Testing Ctr, APG, Aberdeen, MD USA. USN, Point Mugu Nawc, CA USA. RP Alshawabkeh, AN (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dave C Swalm Sch Chem Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM aalsha@coe.neu.edu NR 24 TC 54 Z9 64 U1 5 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD JUL 5 PY 2004 VL 110 IS 1-3 BP 53 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.02.036 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 833DC UT WOS:000222315600006 PM 15177726 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of 1,1-difluoro-1,2-propadiene SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrational frequencies; normal modes; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; 1,1-difluoro-1,2-propadiene; 1,1-difluoroallene; 1,1-difluoropropadiene ID FLUORINATED ALLENES; AB-INITIO; 1,3-DIPOLAR CYCLOADDITIONS; 1,1-DIFLUOROALLENE; DIFLUOROALLENE; CHEMISTRY; STYRENE; THERMOCHEMISTRY; REGIOCHEMISTRY; FLUOROALLENES AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of 1,1-difluoro-1,2-propadiene in C-2v symmetry are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of 11 types of motion (C=C stretch, C-H stretch, C-F stretch, CH2 scissors, CF2 scissors, CH2 wag, CF2 wag, CH2 rock, CF2 rock, CF2 twist, and C=C=C bend) predicted by a group theoretical analysis. Comparing the vibrational frequencies with IR and Raman spectra available in the literature, a set of scaling factors is derived. Predicted infrared intensities and Raman activities are reported. Predicted normal mode frequencies of 1,1-difluoro-1,2-propadiene-d(2) are reported. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD JUL 5 PY 2004 VL 680 IS 1-3 BP 15 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.03.030 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 837UP UT WOS:000222666800003 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of dewar benzene SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; dewar benzene; bicyclo[2.2.0]hexa-2,5-diene; tectadiene; tectene ID PHOTOCHEMICAL DECOMPOSITION; ISOMERS; BICYCLO<2.2.0>HEXA-2,5-DIENE; BENZVALENE; PYRIDINE; SPECTRA AB The vibrational frequencies and corresponding normal mode assignments of dewar benzene are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of six types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (C-H stretch, C-C stretch, C=C stretch, CH wag, C-C-C bend, and C-C-C-C torsion) utilizing the C-2v, symmetry of the molecule. The molecular orbitals and bonding of dewar benzene are examined. Predicted normal mode frequencies for trans-dewar benzene (C-2h symmetry) are presented. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, ABSRD ECB RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, ABSRD ECB RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD JUL 5 PY 2004 VL 680 IS 1-3 BP 227 EP 236 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.03.042 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 837UP UT WOS:000222666800032 ER PT J AU Wu, PF Kimball, B Carlson, J Rao, DVGLN AF Wu, PF Kimball, B Carlson, J Rao, DVGLN TI Light scattering of periodic beta-aligned carbon nanotubes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BACKSCATTERING; LOCALIZATION; ARRAYS AB We report interesting results of light scattering in periodic beta-aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Observations of spatial symmetric scattering as a consequence of strong interference agree well with analysis of periodic hexagonal lattices of the CNTs. We found that the scattering is maximally enhanced at a particular angle where the backward incident and scattered directions are exactly superposed for both s and p polarization. The experimental results are explained using a mechanism of electromagnetically induced excitation of surface plasmon polaritons which result in enhanced backscattering effect in CNTs. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02125 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Wu, PF (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02125 USA. RI Rao, Devulapalli/L-8863-2015 NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 2 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 1 AR 013902 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.013902 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 834DD UT WOS:000222390900018 ER PT J AU Cicolani, LS da Silva, JGA Duque, EPN Tischler, MB AF Cicolani, LS da Silva, JGA Duque, EPN Tischler, MB TI Unsteady aerodynamic model of a cargo container for slung-load simulation SO AERONAUTICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID IDENTIFICATION; HELICOPTER AB ne problem of simulation models capable of predicting the aerodynamic instability of helicopter slung-load cargo containers and bluff bodies is addressed. Instability for these loads is known to depend on unsteady frequency-dependent aerodynamics, but simulation models that include the unsteady aerodynamics do not currently exist. This paper presents a method for generating such models using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to generate forced-oscillation aerodynamic data and frequency domain system identification techniques to generate a frequency response from the CFD data and to identify a transfer function fit to the frequency response. The method is independent of the responsible flow phenomenon and is expected to apply to bluff-bodies generally. Preliminary results are presented for the case of the 6- by 6- by 8-ft CONEX (container express) cargo container. The present work is based on two-dimensional (2D) aerodynamic data for the CONEX side force and yaw moment generated by a forced oscillation in which frequency is varied smoothly over the range of interest. A first-order rational polynomial transfer function is found adequate to fit the aerodynamics, and this is shown to provide a good match with flight test data for the yawing motion of the CONEX. C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, USA NASA Rotorcraft Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. No Arizona Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Aeroflight Directorate, USA NASA Rotocraft Div, Moffett Field, CA USA. RP Cicolani, LS (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, USA NASA Rotorcraft Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU ROYAL AERONAUTICAL SOC PI LONDON PA 4 HAMILTON PL, LONDON W1J 7BQ, ENGLAND SN 0001-9240 J9 AERONAUT J JI Aeronaut. J. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 108 IS 1085 BP 357 EP 368 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 850NI UT WOS:000223618400003 ER PT J AU O'Malley, PG Greenberg, BA Taylor, AJ AF O'Malley, PG Greenberg, BA Taylor, AJ TI Cost-effectiveness of using electron beam computed tomography to identify patients at risk for clinical coronary artery disease SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Heart-Association CY NOV 17, 2001 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Heart Assoc ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; HEART-DISEASE; PREVENTION; CALCIUM; EVENTS; PREDICTION; TECHNOLOGY; OUTCOMES; FAILURE; ASPIRIN AB Background The use of electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) to screen for coronary artery calcification (CAC) has been widely promulgated, although the cost effectiveness of this practice is unknown. Methods We constructed a decision tree to determine the marginal cost per additional patient who was "at risk" (>10% 10-year risk of coronary heart disease) identified with the addition of EBCT to the Framingham Risk Index (FRI) in a screening population with no cardiac symptoms. We also determined the marginal cost per quality adjusted life year (QALY) saved, assuming a 30% improvement in life expectancy associated with primary prevention. A consecutive screening cohort of 39- to 45-year-old men and women was used for demographic and risk factor data. Estimates of the relevant input costs were made on the basis of published literature when available. Results Compared with using FRI alone, the strategy of incorporating EBCT detects patients who are "at risk" at a cost of $9789/additional case and a marginal cost of $86,752/QALY. The marginal cost per QALY is highly sensitive to the gain in life expectancy from early intervention ($10,000-1,700,000/QALY for a relative risk reduction in mortality of 50% or 25%, respectively), the utility of being "at risk" ($1 8,000/QALY to dominated for a utility of 1.0-<0.98, similar to other asymptomatic chronic illnesses), and the added prognostic value of EBCT ($60,000/QALY to dominated in a wide range). Conclusion The use of EBCT to improve cardiovascular risk prediction in a population with no cardiac symptoms who are at low absolute risk is expensive, even using favorable assumptions. If the utility of being "at risk" is comparable with other asymptomatic disease states, EBCT may in aggregate have a detrimental effect on the quality of life of screening populations. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP O'Malley, PG (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM partick.omalley@na.amedd.army.mil NR 38 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 148 IS 1 BP 106 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.ahj.2004.01.018 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 833RX UT WOS:000222357700020 PM 15215799 ER PT J AU Kaul, S Senior, R Firschke, C Wang, XQ Lindner, J Villanueva, FS Firozan, S Kontos, MC Taylor, A Nixon, IJ Watson, DD Harrell, FE AF Kaul, S Senior, R Firschke, C Wang, XQ Lindner, J Villanueva, FS Firozan, S Kontos, MC Taylor, A Nixon, IJ Watson, DD Harrell, FE TI Incremental value of cardiac imaging in patients presenting to the emergency department with chest pain and without ST-segment elevation: A multicenter study SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID VENTRICULAR SYSTOLIC FUNCTION; MYOCARDIAL BLOOD-FLOW; PROGNOSTIC VALUE; PERFUSION; INFARCTION; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; MICROBUBBLES; INFUSION; SYMPTOMS; STENOSIS AB Background We hypothesized that imaging of regional myocardial function (RF) and perfusion (PER) will add incremental value for both diagnosis and short-term prognosis to routine demographic, clinical, and electrocardiographic findings in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with chest pain and without ST-segment elevation on the electrocardiogram. Methods We compared contrast echocardiography (CE) with gated single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for this purpose. Both CE and SPECT readings included separate and composite assessments of both RF and PER. Adverse events in the first 48 hours after ED presentation included acute myocardial infarction, emergent revascularization, and cardiac-related death. Results Concordance between CE and SPECT was 77% (73% to 82%) for all territories, with a higher concordance for the anterior wall of 84% (78% to 89%). Of the 203 patients recruited for the study, 38 (19%) had a cardiac event within 48 hours of ED presentation: 21 had acute myocardial infarction, 16 underwent an urgent revascularization procedure, and 1 died. In multivariate logistic regression models, the number of abnormal segments on CE and SPECT were significant predictors (P < .05) of cardiac events. The composite scores on CE provided 17% incremental information (P = .009, n = 203) and gated SPECT provided 23.5% additional information (P = .020, n = 163) for predicting cardiac events compared with routine demographic, clinical, and electrocardiographic variables. RF and composite evaluation was superior on SPECT compared with CE, whereas PER alone was not. Conclusions Cardiac imaging of RF and PER at the time of ED presentation offers substantially greater diagnostic and prognostic information for early cardiac events in patients presenting to the ED with chest pain and no ST elevation than does the routine demographic, clinical, and electrocardiographic assessment. C1 Univ Virginia, Div Cardiovasc, Med Ctr, Cardiovasc Imaging Ctr, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. Northwick Pk Hosp & Clin Res Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Harrow, Middx, England. Deutsch Herzzentrum, Munich, Germany. Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. Univ Pittsburgh, Div Cardiovasc, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ Med Coll Virginia, Richmond, VA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Hlth Evaluat Sci, Div Biostat, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Kaul, S (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Div Cardiovasc, Med Ctr, Cardiovasc Imaging Ctr, Box 800158, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. EM sk@virginia.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01-HL48890, R01-HL66034] NR 27 TC 64 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 148 IS 1 BP 129 EP 136 DI 10.1016/j.ahj.2003.12.041 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 833RX UT WOS:000222357700023 PM 15215802 ER PT J AU Mabry, B Greller, HA Nelson, LS AF Mabry, B Greller, HA Nelson, LS TI Patterns of heroin overdose-induced pulmonary edema SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, San Antonio, TX USA. New York City Poison Control Ctr, New York, NY USA. RP Mabry, B (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0735-6757 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 22 IS 4 BP 316 EP 316 DI 10.1016/j.ajem.2004.04.002 PG 1 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 843MJ UT WOS:000223087700017 PM 15258878 ER PT J AU Vahratian, A Zhang, J Hasting, J Troendle, JF Klebanoff, MA Thorp, JM AF Vahratian, A Zhang, J Hasting, J Troendle, JF Klebanoff, MA Thorp, JM TI The effect of early epidural versus early intravenous analgesia use on labor progression: A natural experiment SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 24th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Maternal-Fetal-Medicine CY FEB 02-07, 2004 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Soc Maternal Fetal Med DE epidural analgesia; labor; nulliparous pregnancy ID NULLIPAROUS WOMEN; CESAREAN DELIVERY; FETAL HEAD; ANESTHESIA; STATION; BLOCK; RISK AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of early epidural with the use of early intravenous analgesia on labor progression. Study design: We systematically selected singleton, nulliparous term pregnancies with a spontaneous labor and analgesia placement less than or equal to 4 cm who were delivered at a hospital where the rate of epidural analgesia in labor increased from 1% (before) to 84% (after) in I year (a natural experiment). In the before period (n = 223 pregnancies), 98% of women used intravenous analgesia, and 2% of women used epidural analgesia. In the after period (n = 278 pregnancies), 92% of women used epidural analgesia, and 8% of women used intravenous analgesia. The median duration of labor by each centimeter of cervical dilation was computed and used as a measurement of labor progression. Results: After adjustment had been made for confounders, women in the after period had a slower labor progression only from 4 to 5 cm, compared with those women in the before period. Interestingly, the process of labor admission and epidural analgesia placement, rather than analgesia use per se, appeared to explain most of the slowdown. No significant difference in the rest of the active phase was observed between the 2 groups. Conclusion: Our data support recent American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists guidelines that the restraining use of epidural analgesia at <4 cm of cervical dilation is unnecessary. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 NICHHD, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Oahu, HI USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Vahratian, A (reprint author), NICHHD, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Vahratian, Anjel/A-1182-2011 NR 15 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 191 IS 1 BP 259 EP 265 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2003.11.021 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 844EB UT WOS:000223139100042 PM 15295376 ER PT J AU Subramanian, PS Goldenberg-Cohen, N Shukla, S Cheskin, LJ Miller, NR AF Subramanian, PS Goldenberg-Cohen, N Shukla, S Cheskin, LJ Miller, NR TI Plasma ghrelin levels are normal in obese patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (Pseudotumor cerebri) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRADER-WILLI-SYNDROME; CIRCULATING GHRELIN; FOOD-INTAKE; WEIGHT-LOSS; HUMANS; RECEPTOR; STOMACH; WOMEN AB PURPOSE: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) occurs predominantly in young, obese women. Weight loss may alleviate symptoms of IIH yet may be difficult to achieve. Ghrelin, a gastric hormone, is involved in normal body weight and appetite regulation. Its levels are elevated in syndromes of overeating and decline in simple obesity. We postulated that fasting plasma ghrelin levels are elevated in IIH patients and that the typical postprandial decline in plasma ghrelin may not occur. DESIGN: Prospective, observational case-control study. METHODS: Prospective study. SETTING: University hospital and clinic. STUDY POPULATION: Sixty-five patients with a diagnosis of IIH and 25 obese control patients (screened for IIH symptoms). Patients with intracranial abnormalities or a history of gastric surgery were excluded. OBSERVATION PROCEDURE: Fasting plasma ghrelin, leptin, and insulin levels were assessed between 8 AM and 10 AM. Subjects were fed a standard breakfast, and postprandial ghrelin levels were measured 30 minutes later. RESULTS: Fasting plasma ghrelin levels negatively correlated with body mass index in both IIH subjects (r = -.48) and controls; leptin showed a positive correlation with body mass index in both IIH (r = .59) and controls. Levels were not significantly different between the groups. Postprandial ghrelin declined by 71 +/- 31 (95% CI) pg/ml in the IIH group and 71 35 (95% CI) pg/ml in the control group. CONCLUSION: Plasma ghrelin levels, both fasting and postprandial, do not differ between IIH patients and obese controls. Obese IIH patients should be encouraged to lose weight and referred for medical weight loss management to maximize their chances of alleviating their symptoms. (C) 2004 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Wilmer Eye Inst, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurosurg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Human Nutr, Baltimore, MD USA. Schneider Childrens Med ctr Israel, Petah Tiqwa, Israel. New York Med Coll, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. RP Subramanian, PS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM prem.subramanian@na.amedd.army.mil OI Subramanian, Prem/0000-0001-5824-8322 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR 00052] NR 24 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9394 J9 AM J OPHTHALMOL JI Am. J. Ophthalmol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 138 IS 1 BP 109 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.ajo.2004.02.014 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 836PO UT WOS:000222568200013 PM 15234288 ER PT J AU Arciero, CA Peoples, GE Stojadinovic, A Shriver, CD AF Arciero, CA Peoples, GE Stojadinovic, A Shriver, CD TI The utility of a rapid parathyroid assay for uniglandular, multiglandular, and recurrent parathyroid disease SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop CY JUN 10-14, 2003 CL Los Cabos, MEXICO ID PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT; HORMONE ASSAY; EXPLORATIONS; SURGERY AB The rapid parathyroid hormone assay (rPTH) is an effective tool in minimally invasive resections of parathyroid adenomas. However, there are relatively few reports examining its utility in the full spectrum of parathyroid disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of the rapid parathyroid hormone assay in uniglandular, multiglandular, and recurrent hyperparathyroidism. A retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing parathyroid resection from June 2001 to March 2003 was undertaken. All patients underwent preoperative localization studies. Rapid parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were drawn immediately prior to and 10 minutes following parathyroid resection. A decline of greater than or equal to50 per cent rPTH qualified as a successful/complete resection. Additional intraoperative samples were drawn as needed for patients with multiglandular disease. Of 46 treated patients who were examined (average age, 54 years), 30 had single, 12 patients had multigland disease, and 4 had recurrent/persistent hyperparathyroidism. Thirty-seven patients had primary hyperparathyroidism (32 with single and 3 with double adenomas; 2 with hyperplasia), 4 patients had secondary hyperparathyroidism, and 5 tertiary hyperparathyroidism. All procedures were considered successful, as every patient exhibited a postresection decrement in rPTH exceeding 50 per cent (average decrement, 91%). Although 2 patients exhibited a postoperative PTH increase exceeding 50 per cent of the preoperative value, all remained asymptomatic and eucalcemic (median follow-up, 21.5 months). The rPTH assay is an effective tool in determining success of parathyroidectomy in patients with primary uni- and multiglandular as well as recurrent hyperparathyroidism. It can be used to achieve minimally invasive neck dissections or guide surgical decision-making in more complex cases. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Arciero, CA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 141 WEST WIEUCA RD, STE B100, ATLANTA, GA 30342 USA SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 7 BP 588 EP 592 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 837WB UT WOS:000222670800008 PM 15279180 ER PT J AU Hines, HB Brueggemann, EE Hale, ML AF Hines, HB Brueggemann, EE Hale, ML TI High-performance liquid chromatography-mass selective detection assay for adenine released from a synthetic RNA substrate by ricin A chain SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry; electrospray ionization; ricin; adenine; synthetic RNA substrate ID RIBOSOME-INACTIVATING PROTEINS; N-GLYCOSIDASE ACTIVITY; EUKARYOTIC RIBOSOMES; ENZYMATIC-ACTIVITY; TOXIC LECTINS; MECHANISM; KINETICS; ABRIN; SITE; SPECTROMETRY AB High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and selected ion monitoring mass spectrometry (MS) were used to develop a quantitative assay for adenine released from a synthetic RNA substrate by ricin A chain, which contains the toxin's N-glycosidase activity. Because ricin and ricin A chain have potential applications Lis biotherapeutics and bioweapons, assays are needed to evaluate potency and potential inhibitors of activity. The detection limit for adenine was 0.02 muM (2.4 ng/ml), and the standard curve was linear up to 27.3 muM. The lower limit of quantitation was 0.27 muM and was reproducible throughout this range. Reaction characterization showed that most adenine was released by 5 h and that the reaction could not be fully stopped with formic acid concentrations up to 0.75 mM (the maximum typically used for HPLC-MS). Injections were made at 2-min intervals, 10 injections Could be performed before the column was backflushed, and no ricin A chain was observed in the column effluent. This assay would also be useful for ricin since ricin A chain did not pass through the HPLC column. With minor modifications to this system, the assay should provide rapid, sensitive, selective, and quantitative assessment of the activitity of most ribosome-inactivating proteins. In addition, further chromatographic and mass spectrometric improvements Could reduce sample requirements and analysis times. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol & Aerobiol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hines, HB (reprint author), USA, Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol & Aerobiol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM harry.hines@det.amedd.army.mil NR 18 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 330 IS 1 BP 119 EP 122 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2004.03.046 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 831AG UT WOS:000222164700015 PM 15183769 ER PT J AU Collins, KM Hochberg, LP Ryan, PR Collins, WE Wirtz, RA Ryan, JR AF Collins, KM Hochberg, LP Ryan, PR Collins, WE Wirtz, RA Ryan, JR TI Quantification of Plasmodium malariae infection in mosquito vectors SO ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; SPOROZOITES; FALCIPARUM; VIVAX AB Plasmodium malariae occurs in various tropical regions throughout the world and causes low, yet significant, levels of morbidity in human populations. One means of studying the ecology and frequency of this parasite is by measuring sporozoite loads in the salivary glands of infected mosquitoes. An effective, species-specific test that can be used to detect the presence of sporozoites in mosquitoes is the circumsporozoite ELISA. The aim of the present study was to standardize the circumsporozoite ELISA for P. malariae, by setting quantification parameters using, as antigen, either a synthetic peptide or extracts of whole sporozoites. The standard quantification curves produced indicated that the assay had a lower threshold of sensitivity of 250 sporozoites in a 50-mul sample, equivalent to about 1250 sporozoites in a mosquito. C1 Cepheid, Athens, GA 30605 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Ryan, JR (reprint author), Cepheid, 120 Beth Court, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM ryan@cepheid.com NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA HUDSON RD, LEEDS LS9 7DL, ENGLAND SN 0003-4983 J9 ANN TROP MED PARASIT JI Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 98 IS 5 BP 469 EP 472 DI 10.1179/000349804225003479 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 839NP UT WOS:000222792100006 PM 15257796 ER PT J AU Charoenvit, Y Brice, GT Bacon, D Majam, V Williams, J Abot, E Ganeshan, H Sedegah, M Doolan, DL Carucci, DJ Zimmerman, DH AF Charoenvit, Y Brice, GT Bacon, D Majam, V Williams, J Abot, E Ganeshan, H Sedegah, M Doolan, DL Carucci, DJ Zimmerman, DH TI A small peptide (CEL-1000) derived from the beta-chain of the human major histocompatibility complex class II molecule induces complete protection against malaria in an antigen-independent manner SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID CD8+ T-CELLS; LEISHMANIA-MAJOR; LEAPS(TM) HETEROCONJUGATE; INFECTED MOSQUITOS; INTERFERON-GAMMA; BINDING-SITE; MICE; IMMUNIZATION; IL-12; HEPATOCYTES AB CEL-1000 (DGQEEKAGVVSTGLIGGG) is a novel potential preventative and therapeutic agent. We report that CEL-1000 confers a high degree of protection against Plasmodium sporozoite challenge in a murine model of malaria, as shown by the total absence of blood stage infection following challenge with 100 sporozoites (100% protection) and by a substantial reduction (400-fold) of liver stage parasite RNA following challenge with 50,000 sporozoites. CEL-1000 protection was demonstrated in A/J (H-2(a)) and C3H/HeJ (H-2(k)) mice but not in BALB/c (H-2(d)) or CAF1 (A/J x BALB/c F, hybrid) mice. In CEL-1000-treated and protected mice, high levels of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) in serum and elevated frequencies of hepatic and splenic CD4(+) IFN-gamma-positive T cells were detected 24 h after administration of an additional dose of CEL-1000. Treatment of A/J mice that received CEL-1000 with antibodies against IFN-gamma just prior to challenge abolished the protection, and a similar treatment with antibodies against CD4(+) T cells partially reduced the level of protection, while treatment with control antibodies or antibodies specific for interleukin-12 (IL-12), CD8(+) T cells, or NK cells had no effect. Our data establish that the protection induced by CEL-1000 is dependent on IFN-gamma and is partially dependent on CD4(+) T cells but is independent of CD8(+) T cells, NK cells, and IL-12 at the effector phase and does not induce a detectable antibody response. C1 CEL SCI Corp, Vienna, VA 22182 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Zimmerman, DH (reprint author), CEL SCI Corp, 8229 Boone Blvd,Suite 802, Vienna, VA 22182 USA. EM Dzimmerman@cel-sci.com RI Doolan, Denise/F-1969-2015 NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 48 IS 7 BP 2455 EP 2463 DI 10.1128/AAC.48.7.2455-2463.2004 PG 9 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 834RC UT WOS:000222427200016 PM 15215094 ER PT J AU Dow, GS Koenig, ML Wolf, L Gerena, L Lopez-Sanchez, M Hudson, TH Bhattacharjee, AK AF Dow, GS Koenig, ML Wolf, L Gerena, L Lopez-Sanchez, M Hudson, TH Bhattacharjee, AK TI The antimalarial potential of 4-quinolinecarbinolamines may be limited due to neurotoxicity and cross-resistance in mefloquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID MALARIA PROPHYLAXIS; MECHANISMS; TOXICITY; INVITRO; QSAR AB The clinical potential of mefloquine has been compromised by reports of adverse neurological effects. A series of 4-quinolinecarbinolamines were compared in terms of neurotoxicity and antimalarial activity in an attempt to identify replacement drugs. Neurotoxicity (MTT [thiazolyl blue reduction] assay) was assessed by exposure of cultured embryonic rat neurons to graded concentrations of the drugs for 20 min. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of mefloquine was 25 muM, while those of the analogs were 19 to 200 muM. The relative (to mefloquine) therapeutic indices of the analogs were determined after using the tritiated hypoxanthine assay for assessment of the antimalarial activity of the analogs against mefloquine-sensitive (W2) and -resistant (D6 and TM91C235) Plasmodium falciparum strains. Five analogs, WR157801, WR073892, WR007930, WR007333, and WR226253, were less neurotoxic than mefloquine and exhibited higher relative therapeutic indices (RTIs) against TM91C235 (2.9 to 12.2). Conventional quinoline antimalarials were generally less neurotoxic (IC(50)s of 400, 600, and 900 for amodiaquine, chloroquine, and quinine) or had higher RTIs (e.g., 30 for halofantrine against TM91C235). The neurotoxicity data for the 4-quinolinecarbinolamines were used to develop a three-dimensional (3D), function-based pharmacophore. The crucial molecular features correlated with neurotoxicity were a hydrogen bond acceptor (lipid) function, an aliphatic hydrophobic function, and a ring aromatic function specifically distributed in the 3D surface of the molecule. Mapping of the 3D structures of a series of structurally diverse quinolines to the pharmacophore allowed accurate qualitative predictions of neurotoxicity (or not) to be made. Extension of this in silico screening approach may aid in the identification of less-neurotoxic quinoline analogs. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Dept Parasitol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Dow, GS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Dept Parasitol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM geoffrey.dow@na.amedd.army.mil RI Hudson, Thomas/A-9152-2011 NR 30 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 48 IS 7 BP 2624 EP 2632 DI 10.1128/AAC.48.7.2624-2632.2004 PG 9 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 834RC UT WOS:000222427200041 PM 15215119 ER PT J AU Voloshinov, V Gupta, N AF Voloshinov, V Gupta, N TI Ultraviolet-visible imaging acousto-optic tunable filters in KDP SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL AB There is a need to develop large-aperture acousto-optic tunable filters (AOTFs) in the UV region for applications in astronomy, environmental sciences, biology, etc. We have developed a high-quality noncollinear AOTF cell that uses a single crystal of KDP that has nearly a four times larger acousto-optic figure of merit, M-2, than quartz. The linear and angular apertures of this cell are 1.5 cm x 1.5 cm and 1.2degrees, respectively. The spectral range is 220-480 nm, with 160-cm(-1) spectral resolution and high transmission in the UV. We present an analysis of the design and describe the characterization results. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Voloshinov, V (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. EM ngupta@arl.army.mil RI Voloshinov, Vitaly/I-6045-2012; Gupta, Neelam/B-8702-2013 NR 21 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 19 BP 3901 EP 3909 DI 10.1364/AO.43.003901 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 834RD UT WOS:000222427300014 PM 15250556 ER PT J AU Meyerle, JH Turlansky, GW AF Meyerle, JH Turlansky, GW TI Perianal ulcer in a patient with AIDS SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; INFECTION C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Meyerle, JH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 140 IS 7 BP 881 EP 882 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 836VG UT WOS:000222583300018 ER PT J AU Justh, EW Krishnaprasad, PS Vorontsov, MA AF Justh, EW Krishnaprasad, PS Vorontsov, MA TI Analysis of a high-resolution optical wave-front control system SO AUTOMATICA LA English DT Article DE adaptive optics; wave-front control; nonlinear stability; Lyapunov function ID ADAPTIVE OPTICS; PHASE-CONTRAST AB We consider the formulation and analysis of a problem of automatic control: correcting for the distortion induced in an optical wave front due to propagation through a turbulent atmosphere. It has recently been demonstrated that high-resolution optical wave-front distortion suppression can be achieved using feedback systems based on high-resolution spatial light modulators and phase-contrast techniques. We examine the modeling and analysis of such adaptive optic systems, and show that under certain conditions, the nonlinear dynamical system models obtained are gradient systems (with energy functions that also serve as Lyapunov functions). These gradient systems (employing fixed phase-contrast sensors) serve as a starting point for understanding the design of practical high-resolution wave-front correction systems, in which the phase-contrast sensor itself is subject to control. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Intelligent Opt Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Krishnaprasad, PS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM justh@isr.umd.edu; krishna@isr.umd.edu; mvorontsov@arl.army.mil NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0005-1098 J9 AUTOMATICA JI Automatica PD JUL PY 2004 VL 40 IS 7 BP 1129 EP 1141 DI 10.1016/j.automatica.2004.02.010 PG 13 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA 827MO UT WOS:000221904200003 ER PT J AU Wu, XD Yang, SZ Njus, JM Nagarajan, R Cholli, AL Samuelson, LA Kumar, J AF Wu, XD Yang, SZ Njus, JM Nagarajan, R Cholli, AL Samuelson, LA Kumar, J TI Solvent specified conformation in poly(alpha-L-glutamic acid) thin films SO BIOMACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID POLY(L-GLUTAMIC ACID); POLY(GLUTAMIC ACID); MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SOLID-STATE; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; POLYPEPTIDES; HELIX; COMPLEXES; FORMS AB The ability to control conformational properties of polypeptides in their films is of considerable interest for many possible applications of these materials. By rational choice of the solvent system for film fabrication, control over the conformation of the main chain, the intermolecular hydrogen bonding in the side chain is easily achieved in poly(alpha-L-glutamic acid) (PLGA) thin films. The spectral data from circular dichromism (CD), FT-IR, and solid state C-13 NMR spectroscopies suggest that the beta-sheet conformation is dominant in PLGA films cast from trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) solution, whereas the right-handed alpha-helix is dominant in those cast from pyridine or DMF solution. In comparison with films cast from TFA solutions, the films fabricated from pyridine or DMF solutions exhibit strong intermolecular hydrogen bondings between -COOH groups and have a more ordered arrangement of side chains. Moreover, the extent of alpha-helix conformation of the PLGA backbone in films cast from pyridine or DMF solution is several times higher than that observed in the PLGA powder precipitated from aqueous solution at pH 4. All spectroscopic studies indicate clearly that the solvents (used for casting these films) play a crucial role in directing the organization of PLGA in these thin films. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, RDECOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Kumar, J (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1525-7797 J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES JI Biomacromolecules PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 5 IS 4 BP 1214 EP 1218 DI 10.1021/bm034540a PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 837VG UT WOS:000222668500010 PM 15244433 ER PT J AU Goedecke, GH Ostashev, VE Wilson, DK Auvermann, HJ AF Goedecke, GH Ostashev, VE Wilson, DK Auvermann, HJ TI Quasi-wavelet model of von Karman spectrum of turbulent velocity fluctuations SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE quasi-wavelet model; turbulent eddies; velocity spectrum; von Karman spectrum ID ATMOSPHERIC SURFACE-LAYER; ENERGY-CONTAINING SCALES; SOUND-PROPAGATION; BOUNDARY-LAYER; ACOUSTIC-WAVE; COHERENCE FUNCTION; SIMULATION; FIELD; PERFORMANCE; SCATTERING AB The von Karman spectra of turbulent temperature and velocity fluctuations have been widely used in the literature on turbulence and electromagnetic, seismic, and acoustic wave propagation in random media. In this paper we provide a phenomenological motivation for the von Karman velocity spectrum in terms of the quasi-wavelet model of turbulence developed recently. In this model, turbulence is represented as a superposition of self-similar localized eddies of many different scales. We find a functional form for these eddies that yields the von Karman velocity spectrum exactly. We also show that other eddy functions produce velocity spectra that have the same general form as the von Karman spectrum, and we consider possible quasi-wavelet representations of the 'Kansas' spectrum and the '-1' spectrum. We also present a systematic determination, based on turbulence similarity theories, of the parameters of the von Karman spectra of temperature and velocity fluctuations in an unstable atmospheric boundary layer. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NOAA, Environm Technol Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Goedecke, GH (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM ggoedeck@nmsu.edu RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 55 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 112 IS 1 BP 33 EP 56 DI 10.1023/B:BOUN.0000020158.10053.ab PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 804LG UT WOS:000220299600002 ER PT J AU Richardson, WB Strauss, EA Bartsch, LA Monroe, EM Cavanaugh, JC Vingum, L Soballe, DM AF Richardson, WB Strauss, EA Bartsch, LA Monroe, EM Cavanaugh, JC Vingum, L Soballe, DM TI Denitrification in the Upper Mississippi River: rates, controls, and contribution to nitrate flux SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS; NITROGEN; FLOODPLAIN; INHIBITION; ACETYLENE; BASIN; NITRIFICATION; BUDGET; WATER AB We evaluated patterns of denitrification and factors effecting denitrification in the upper Mississippi River. Measurements were taken over 2 years, during which river discharge ranged from record flooding to base flow conditions. Over the period of study, average denitrification enzyme activity was highest in backwater lakes and lowest in the main channel. Throughout the study reach, highest denitrification enzyme activity occurred during fall and lowest occurred in winter. Rates during spring floods (2001) were only slightly higher than during the preceding winter. Mean unamended denitrification rates ranged from 0.02 (fall 2001 in backwaters) to 0.40 mug N.cm(-2.)h(-1) (spring 2001 in backwaters). Laboratory experiments showed that denitrification rates increased significantly with addition of NO3- regardless of sediment C content, while rates increased little with addition of labile C (glucose). Denitrification in this reach of the upper Mississippi River appears to be NO3- limited throughout the growing season and the delivery of NO3- is strongly controlled by river discharge and hydrologic connectivity across the floodplain. We estimate that denitrification removes 6939 t N.year(-1) or 6.9% of the total annual NO3- input to the reach. Hydrologic connectivity and resultant NO3- delivery to high-C sediments is a critical determinant of reach-scale processing of N in this floodplain system. C1 US Geol Survey, Upper Midw Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI 53707 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Richardson, WB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midw Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. EM wrichardson@usgs.gov RI Strauss, Eric/G-3368-2013 OI Strauss, Eric/0000-0002-3134-2535 NR 35 TC 103 Z9 108 U1 2 U2 25 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 61 IS 7 BP 1102 EP 1112 DI 10.1139/F04-062 PG 11 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 861XD UT WOS:000224451000006 ER PT J AU Repine, T Osswald, M AF Repine, T Osswald, M TI Menorrhagia due to a qualitative deficiency of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1: Case report and literature review SO CLINICAL AND APPLIED THROMBOSIS-HEMOSTASIS LA English DT Review DE PAI-1; plasminogen; bleeding; menorrhagia ID BLEEDING DIATHESIS; TYPE-1; MUTATION; GENE AB A case is presented of a 26-year-old woman who was referred to the hematology clinic because of her report of a family history of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) deficiency. Since menarche, she had suffered from severe menorrhagia, but she had assumed that this was unrelated to her mother's history of repeated life-threatening bleeding. Her menorraghia was evident by using greater than 100 pads per period, bleeding as long as 4 continuous months, and even bleeding through her clothes despite using both tampons and pads. Evaluation with pelvic examination, endometrial biopsy, and pelvic ultrasound was unremarkable. Medroxyprogesterone acetate treatment for her dysfunctional uterine bleeding was unsuccessful. Laboratory evaluation revealed iron deficiency anemia but otherwise normal platelets, bleeding time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and vonWillebrand's studies. Despite any preconceptions, examination for a fibrinolytic defect ultimately demonstrated a PAI-1 antigen level of 11.4 ng/mL (4.0-43 ng/mL) and PAI-1 activity less than 5 AU/mL (5-37 AU/mL) and clinically supported a diagnosis of a hereditary, qualitative PAI-1 defect. She was treated with aminocaproic acid with return to relatively normal menses. Future treatment should also prevent excessive bleeding during trauma, surgery, or childbirth. Further evaluation of this patient and her family is planned and may help elucidate the important role of PAI-1 in the complicated balance between hemostasis and hemorrhage. C1 USA, Brooke Med Ctr, Dept Hematol Oncol, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Repine, T (reprint author), USA, Brooke Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Clin, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM thomas.repine@cen.amedd.army.mil NR 11 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU WESTMINSTER PUBL INC PI GLEN HEAD PA 708 GLEN COVE AVE, GLEN HEAD, NY 11545 USA SN 1076-0296 J9 CLIN APPL THROMB-HEM JI Clin. Appl. Thromb.-Hemost. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 10 IS 3 BP 293 EP 296 DI 10.1177/107602960401000316 PG 4 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 841PI UT WOS:000222942700016 PM 15247991 ER PT J AU Anisimov, AP Lindler, LE Pier, GB AF Anisimov, AP Lindler, LE Pier, GB TI Intraspecific diversity of Yersinia pestis (vol 17, pg 443, 2004) SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Correction C1 State Res Ctr Appl Microbiol, Dept Infect Dis, Obolensk 142279, Moscow Region, Russia. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Med,Channing Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Anisimov, AP (reprint author), State Res Ctr Appl Microbiol, Dept Infect Dis, Serpukhov Dist, Obolensk 142279, Moscow Region, Russia. RI Anisimov, Andrey/D-2217-2009; Anisimov, Andrey/H-5257-2012 OI Anisimov, Andrey/0000-0002-5499-7999; Anisimov, Andrey/0000-0002-5499-7999 NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0893-8512 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL REV JI Clin. Microbiol. Rev. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 17 IS 3 BP 695 EP 695 DI 10.1128/CMR.17.3.695.2004 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 840UV UT WOS:000222886300010 ER PT J AU Billingham, RP Isler, JT Kimmins, MH Nelson, JM AF Billingham, RP Isler, JT Kimmins, MH Nelson, JM TI The diagnosis and management of common anorectal disorders - Approach to the patient SO CURRENT PROBLEMS IN SURGERY LA English DT Review ID CHRONIC ANAL-FISSURE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; LATERAL INTERNAL SPHINCTEROTOMY; ARTIFICIAL BOWEL SPHINCTER; FISTULA-IN-ANO; TERM-FOLLOW-UP; MILLIGAN-MORGAN HEMORRHOIDECTOMY; HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SACRAL NERVE-STIMULATION C1 Univ Washington, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Billingham, RP (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. OI Billingham, Richard/0000-0002-8680-5103 NR 169 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0011-3840 J9 CURR PROB SURG JI Curr. Probl. Surg. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 41 IS 7 BP 586 EP 645 DI 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2004.04.002 PG 60 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 844TD UT WOS:000223182200002 PM 15280816 ER PT J AU Wenner, KA Kenner, JR AF Wenner, KA Kenner, JR TI Anthrax SO DERMATOLOGIC CLINICS LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL WARFARE; INHALATION ANTHRAX; LETHAL TOXIN; MANAGEMENT; HUMANS; OUTBREAK; WEAPON; PROPHYLAXIS; VACCINE; FUTURE AB Anthrax is an ancient disease associated with the plagues in biblical Egypt and modern bioterrorism. Three clinical syndromes result from exposure to anthrax spores: cutaneous, inhalational, and gastrointestinal. Cutaneous anthrax is the most common naturally occurring syndrome; inhalational anthrax is most likely to result from airborne release of spores. Prophylactic and early treatment can improve the mortality from inhalational anthrax. A vaccine is available, but has many limitations. New vaccines are currently being developed. C1 Castle Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Kailua, HI 96734 USA. Reynolds Army Community Hosp, Ft Sill, OK 73505 USA. VaxGen, Clin Res, Brisbane, CA 94005 USA. RP Kenner, JR (reprint author), Castle Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 640 Ulikahiki St, Kailua, HI 96734 USA. EM jkenner480@pol.net NR 50 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 6 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0733-8635 J9 DERMATOL CLIN JI Dermatol. Clin. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 22 IS 3 BP 247 EP + DI 10.1016/j.det.2004.03.001 PG 11 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 835EL UT WOS:000222463200003 PM 15207306 ER PT J AU Henghold, WB AF Henghold, WB TI Other biologic toxin bioweapons: ricin, staphylococcal enterotoxin B, and trichothecene mycotoxins SO DERMATOLOGIC CLINICS LA English DT Article ID MECHANISM; WARFARE; PROTEIN; VACCINE; AGENTS AB The ideal biologic warfare agent is lethal, easy, and inexpensive to produce in large quantities, stable in aerosol for/with the ability to be dispersed over wide areas, has no effective treatment or vaccine, and is communicable from person to person. With the exception of the last characteristic, the biologic toxins (ricin, staphylococcal enterotoxin B, T-2 mycotoxin, and botulinum) possess all the properties mentioned. This article will discuss the first three biologic toxins, with an emphasis on particular points of interest to the dermatologist. Botulinum toxin will be covered in another article. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Henghold, WB (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM William.Henghold@amedd.army.mil NR 32 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 7 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0733-8635 J9 DERMATOL CLIN JI Dermatol. Clin. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 22 IS 3 BP 257 EP + DI 10.1016/j.det.2004.03.004 PG 7 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 835EL UT WOS:000222463200004 PM 15207307 ER PT J AU Harrington, AC Cheyney, JM Kinsley-Scott, T Willard, RJ AF Harrington, AC Cheyney, JM Kinsley-Scott, T Willard, RJ TI A novel digital tourniquet using a sterile glove and hemostat SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material ID SAFE AB BACKGROUND. Surgery of the digit is facilitated with adequate hemostasis for visualization of the operative field. Several types of tourniquets have been used for this purpose, including glove fingers, Penrose drains, Marmed digital tourniquets, and standard pneumatic tourniquets. OBJECTIVE. To present a novel method to achieve hemostasis during surgery of the digit. MATERIALS. A slightly oversized sterile glove, a hemostat, and a pair of scissors. CONCLUSION. We present a novel method to achieve hemostasis using a sterile glove and a hemostat, that allows the surgeon to methodically titrate the amount of compression necessary to attain a bloodless field while minimizing the risks of excessive pressures. Surgery of the digit is facilitated with adequate hemostasis for visualization of the operative field. Several types of tourniquets have been used for this purpose, including glove fingers, Penrose drains, Marmed digital tourniquets, and standard pneumatic tourniquets. We present a novel method to achieve hemostasis using a sterile glove and a hemostat that allows the surgeon to methodically titrate the amount of compression necessary to attain a bloodless field while minimizing the risks of excessive pressures. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Dermatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Dermatol, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Malcolm Grow Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Andrews AFB, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Dermatol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Harrington, AC (reprint author), Dermatol Mohs Surg, 101 Ridgely Ave,No 10, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. EM al-bethbethesda@aol.com NR 8 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 30 IS 7 BP 1065 EP 1067 DI 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2004.30314.x PG 3 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 831PC UT WOS:000222205700019 PM 15209803 ER PT J AU Dembek, ZF Cochrane, DG Pavlin, JA AF Dembek, ZF Cochrane, DG Pavlin, JA TI Syndromic surveillance SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Program Epidemiol, Hartford, CT 06134 USA. Morristown Mem Hosp, Morristown, NJ USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Dembek, ZF (reprint author), Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Program Epidemiol, 410 Capitol Ave,MS 11EPI,POB 340308, Hartford, CT 06134 USA. EM zyg-munt.dembek@po.state.ct.us NR 3 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2004 VL 10 IS 7 BP 1333 EP 1334 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 835CF UT WOS:000222456800033 PM 15338541 ER PT J AU Oh, SY Cha, DK Kim, BJ Chiu, PC AF Oh, SY Cha, DK Kim, BJ Chiu, PC TI Reduction of nitroglycerin with elemental iron: Pathway, kinetics, and mechanisms SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ZERO-VALENT IRON; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; METALLIC IRON; PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE; ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADATION; GLYCEROL TRINITRATE; NITRATE REDUCTION; CR(VI) REDUCTION; ZEROVALENT IRON; GRANULAR IRON AB Nitroglycerin (NG) is a nitrate ester used in dynamites, propellants, and medicines and is therefore a common constituent in propellant-manufacturing and pharmaceutical wastewaters. In this study we investigated the reduction of NG with cast iron as a potential treatment method. NG was reduced stepwise to glycerol via 1,2- and 1,3-dinitroglycerins (DNGs) and 1- and 2-mononitroglycerins (MNGs). Nitrite was released in each reduction step and was further reduced to NH4+. Adsorption of NG and its reduction products to cast iron was minimal. A reaction pathway and a kinetic model for NG reduction with cast iron were proposed. The estimated surface area-normalized reaction rate constants for NG and NO2- were (1.65 +/- 0.30) x 10(-2) (L(.)M(-2.)h(-1)) and (0.78 +/- 0.09) x 10(-2) (L(.)M(-2.)h(-1)), respectively. Experiments using dialysis cell with iron and a graphite sheet showed that reduction of NG to glycerol can be mediated by graphite. However, reduction of NO2- mediated by graphite was very slow. NG and NO2- were also found to reduce to glycerol and NH4+ by Fe2+ in the presence of magnetite but not by aqueous Fe2+ or magnetite alone. These results indicate that in a cast iron-water system NG may be reduced via multiple mechanisms involving different reaction sites, whereas nitrite is reduced mainly by iron and/ or adsorbed Fe2+. The study demonstrates that iron can rapidly reduce NG to innocuous and biodegradable end products and represents a new approach to treat NG-containing wastewaters. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Chiu, PC (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM pei@ce.udel.edu NR 68 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 6 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 13 BP 3723 EP 3730 DI 10.1021/es0354667 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 834FG UT WOS:000222396400042 PM 15296326 ER PT J AU Logue, BA Smith, RW Westall, JC AF Logue, BA Smith, RW Westall, JC TI Role of surface alteration in determining the mobility of U(VI) in the presence of citrate: Implications for extraction of U(VI) from soils SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIGAND-PROMOTED DISSOLUTION; COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION; COMPLEXATION MODEL; COASTAL-PLAIN; CITRIC-ACID; URANYL-ION; URANIUM; FERRIHYDRITE; COATINGS; OXIDE AB In the present study, the adsorption of U(VI) by a natural iron-rich sand in the presence of citrate was studied over a range of citrate concentrations and pH values. Adsorption of U(VI) on the iron-rich sand decreased in the presence of increasing concentrations of citrate. Adsorption of citrate to the sand was weak under most conditions studied. Several explanations for the adsorption behavior of U(VI) and citrate were investigated, including aqueous complexation of U(VI) by citrate, competition of U(VI) and citrate for adsorption sites, and extraction of Fe and Al from the sorbent surface by citrate (surface alteration). Although aqueous complexation of U(VI) by citrate may still play a significant role, both competitive adsorption and aqueous complexation proved to be inadequate explanations of the adsorption behavior. Both physical surface alteration (i.e., loss of surface area) and chemical surface alteration (i.e., change in the chemical composition of the sand surface) were investigated, with chemical surface alteration controlling the bulk of U(VI) adsorption. Considering these results, remediation schemes that involve organic complexing agents should address the possibility of surface alteration affecting radionuclide adsorption and mobility. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Idaho, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Logue, BA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM brian.logue@amedd.army.mil NR 41 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 13 BP 3752 EP 3759 DI 10.1021/es0350637 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 834FG UT WOS:000222396400046 PM 15296329 ER PT J AU McGee, BL Fisher, DJ Wright, DA Yonkos, LT Ziegler, GP Turley, SD Farrar, JD Moore, DW Bridges, TS AF McGee, BL Fisher, DJ Wright, DA Yonkos, LT Ziegler, GP Turley, SD Farrar, JD Moore, DW Bridges, TS TI A field test and comparison of acute and chronic sediment toxicity tests with the estuarine amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus in Chesapeake Bay, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Leptocheirus plumulosus; chronic sediment toxicity; Baltimore Harbor; amphipod ID ACID-VOLATILE SULFIDE; BALTIMORE HARBOR; CONTAMINATION; MIXTURES; MARINE AB A 28-d partial life-cycle test with the estuarine amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus was developed in response to the need for an assay to mimic chronic exposure to sediment-associated contaminants. To ensure that toxicity tests have environmental relevance, it is essential to evaluate the relationship between laboratory responses and field measures of contamination. Consequently, one objective of the study was to compare the results of the chronic sediment toxicity test with L. plumulosus to gradients of sediment contamination and the in situ benthic community in its native Chesapeake Bay. Chronic tests were conducted by two laboratories, the Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station ([WES]; Vicksburg, MS, USA) and the University of Maryland ([UM] College Park, MD, USA) using different feeding regimes, providing the opportunity to evaluate the effect of this variable on response sensitivity. A second objective was to compare the relative sensitivity of acute and chronic tests with L. plumulosus with field-collected sediments. Overall, there was good agreement between the toxicological response of acute and chronic tests with L. plumulosus and field measures of contamination. Survival in the acute test and chronic test conducted by WES was negatively correlated with concentrations of sediment-associated contaminants. Survival in acute exposures was significantly reduced in sediments from 8 of I I stations. Indigenous L. plumulosus were found only at two of the three stations that did not exhibit acute toxicity. An unexpected finding was the difference in responsiveness of the two chronic tests. Survival in tests conducted by UM and WES was significantly reduced in sediments from 4 and 6 of I I stations, respectively. No additional sublethal toxicity was detected in the UM chronic test, but the WES test detected reproductive effects at two additional stations. We believe the observed differences were related to the test diet used. Partly as a result of our findings, the recommended diet for the L. plumulosus chronic test was changed in the final methods document. C1 US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Chesapeake Bay Field Off, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. Univ Maryland, Wye Res & Educ Ctr, Queenstown, MD 21658 USA. Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. MEC Analyt Syst, Carlsbad, CA 92009 USA. RP McGee, BL (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Chesapeake Bay Field Off, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. EM bmcgee@savethebay.cbf.org NR 45 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 8 PU SETAC PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 23 IS 7 BP 1751 EP 1761 DI 10.1897/03-326 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 828TE UT WOS:000221995300021 PM 15230328 ER PT J AU Reilley, BG Hiwot, ZG Mesure, J AF Reilley, BG Hiwot, ZG Mesure, J TI Acceptability and utilisation of services for voluntary councelling and testing and sexually transmitted infections in Kahsey Abepa Hospital, Humera, Tigray, Ethiopia SO ETHIOPIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-SEEKING; KENYA; HIV-1; BEHAVIOR; TANZANIA; COUPLES AB Objectives: A study was conducted to assess the acceptability, and utilization of voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) and sexually transmitted infection (STI) set-vices in Kahsey Abera Hospital, Humera. Methods: Retrospective data was taken from hospital consultation logbooks from January 2002 to February 2003, and focus group discussions were conducted in March 2003 in the community. Results: While the services were known and utilization is increasing, important misconceptions about the medical services, disease transmission, and STI treatment persist. Although hospital care was generally considered of high quality, persons often go to pharmacies to self-treat for STIs due to concerns about confidentiality, and the stigma of HIV deters many from wanting to know their serostatus. Conclusions: Additional education is needed on HIV/AIDS, STIs, and the medical services provided. Education may make use of community health workers or outreach workers in a small group where participants can feel comfortable to ask sensitive questions. HIV/AIDS treatment is planned for the near future and may be significant in reducing HIV/AIDS stigma. C1 Medecins Frontieres Holland, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. USA, Medecins Sans Frontieres, New York, NY USA. RP Mesure, J (reprint author), Medecins Frontieres Holland, POB 34357, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU ETHIOPIAN MED ASSN PI ADDIS ABABA PA P O BOX 2179, ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA SN 0014-1755 J9 ETHIOPIAN MED J JI Ethiop. Med. J. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 42 IS 3 BP 173 EP 177 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 875LH UT WOS:000225421200003 PM 16895034 ER PT J AU Walsh, DS Lane, JE Abalos, RM Myint, KSA AF Walsh, DS Lane, JE Abalos, RM Myint, KSA TI TUNEL and limited immunophenotypic analyses of apoptosis in paucibacillary and multibacillary leprosy lesions SO FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE leprosy; apoptosis; TUNEL; paucibacillary leprosy; multibacillary leprosy; mycobacteria ID BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; FAS LIGAND; INCREASED EXPRESSION; IMMUNE EVASION; MACROPHAGES; NECROSIS; DEATH; PATHOGENESIS; MECHANISM AB Some mycobacterial infections, such as tuberculosis, are characterized by apoptosis of infected or by-stander mononuclear immune cells. For localized (paucibacillary, PB) and disseminated (multibacillary, MB) leprosy, characterized by polarized Th1-like vs. Th2-like immune responses, respectively, little is known about lesional apoptosis. We analyzed sections of paraffin-embedded, untreated leprosy lesions from 21 patients by an indirect immunofluorescent terminal deoxynucleotide-transferase-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Some TUNEL (+) PB sections were then reacted with phycoerythrin-conjugated (red) antibodies against T cells, monocytes, or antigen-presenting (Langerhans) cells. TUNEL (+) bodies were detected in 9 of 16 PB lesions (56%) and in I of 5 MB lesions (20%). Some TUNEL (+) bodies in PB disease were CD3+ (T cell), as well as CD4+ (T-helper) or CD8+ (T-cytotoxic). Apoptosis characterizes PB and MB leprosy lesions and may be more frequent in PB disease. In PB disease, some TUNEL (+) bodies may derive from T cells. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of the Federation of European Microbiological Societies. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Med, Dermatol Sect, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Leonard Wood Mem Ctr Leprosy Res, Cebu, Philippines. USA Med Component, Dept Virol, AFRIMS, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Walsh, DS (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, 30 E Hosp Rd, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM douglas.walsh@se.amedd.anny.mil NR 23 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-8244 J9 FEMS IMMUNOL MED MIC JI FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 41 IS 3 BP 265 EP 269 DI 10.1016/j.femsim.2004.04.002 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 834TD UT WOS:000222432900011 PM 15196577 ER PT J AU Slavotinek, A Robinson, H Steele, M Schauer, G Machin, G Dasouki, M Ornvold, K Rueda-Pedraza, M Chiricosta, F Jasnosz, K Keller, R AF Slavotinek, A Robinson, H Steele, M Schauer, G Machin, G Dasouki, M Ornvold, K Rueda-Pedraza, M Chiricosta, F Jasnosz, K Keller, R TI Fryns syndrome - report of ten cases. SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Clinical Meeting of the American-College-of-Medical-Genetics CY MAR 04, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Coll Med Genet C1 UCSF, Dept Pediat, Div Genet, San Francisco, CA USA. Childrens Hosp Med Ctr Akron, Dept Genet, Akron, OH USA. Childrens Hosp Med Ctr Akron, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Akron, OH USA. Childrens Hosp & Clin, Dept Pathol, Minneapolis, MN USA. Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr Oakland, Oakland, CA USA. Childrens Mercy Hosp, Sect Med Genet & Mol Med, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA. Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Allegheny Gen Hosp, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15212 USA. UCSF, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatol, San Francisco, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 6 IS 4 MA 4 BP 247 EP 247 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 838WX UT WOS:000222745200016 ER PT J AU Brown, CJ Smith, P Dasher, RM Kwiatkowski, P AF Brown, CJ Smith, P Dasher, RM Kwiatkowski, P TI Comment on the "Keep it clean and do the research" Editorial by Harold R. Wanless, Ground Water 42, no. 2 : 157 SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Caloosahatchee ASR Pilot Project, Washington, DC USA. S Florida Water Management Dist, W Palm Beach, FL USA. RP Brown, CJ (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Caloosahatchee ASR Pilot Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 601 DEMPSEY RD, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 USA SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 42 IS 4 BP 478 EP 478 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02613.x PG 1 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 834TW UT WOS:000222434800002 PM 15318768 ER PT J AU Reuss, RH Davidson, BN Hilger, JE AF Reuss, RH Davidson, BN Hilger, JE TI Customizing commercialized technology - An overview of the DARPA mission-specific processor program SO IEEE CIRCUITS & DEVICES LA English DT Article C1 DARPA Tact Technol Off, Arlington, VA USA. Sci & Technol Associates Inc, Arlington, VA USA. USA, RDECOM, CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Reuss, RH (reprint author), DARPA Tact Technol Off, Arlington, VA USA. EM bdavidson@stassociates.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 8755-3996 J9 IEEE CIRCUITS DEVICE JI IEEE Circuits Devices PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 20 IS 4 BP 14 EP 16 DI 10.1109/MCD.2004.1317945 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 843PG UT WOS:000223095700003 ER PT J AU Garcia, JA Lawler, W Waite, N Kiamilev, F AF Garcia, JA Lawler, W Waite, N Kiamilev, F TI 0.5-mu m CMOS orthogonal encoding readout cell for active imaging systems SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE active imaging readout circuits; focal plane arrays; laser radar imaging systems; three-dimensional (3-D) imaging systems ID DOUBLE SAMPLING CIRCUIT; NOISE AB We propose a novel continuous-time simultaneous-readout scheme for active imaging systems based on orthogonal modulation of photodetector signals. The superimposed-continuous-time approach presented here differs from the conventional scheduled-discrete-time scheme in that the photodetector signals are summed in a common bus and read concurrentlv. We show how that our proposed architecture may be advantageous, particularly in applications where bandwidth requirements for a time-multiplexed scheme are highly demanding. The active readout cell presented here is the kernel of the proposed orthogonal encoding architecture. We describe the cell operation principle, its properties and major design challenges. A 0.5-mum CMOS test chip has been fabricated to demonstrate functionality of the readout architecture. Test results show it to be a viable option for highly-integrated active imaging systems. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Elect Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Garcia, JA (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Elect Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM garcia@ee.udel.edu; wlawler@arl.army.mil; waite@ee.udel.edu; kiamilev@udel.edu NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 10 IS 4 BP 803 EP 810 DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2004.833973 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 862KG UT WOS:000224488900018 ER PT J AU Tyo, JS Farr, EG Schoenberg, JSH Bowen, LH Altgilbers, LL AF Tyo, JS Farr, EG Schoenberg, JSH Bowen, LH Altgilbers, LL TI Effect of aperture feed and reflector configuration on the time- and frequency domain radiation patterns of reflector impulse radiating antennas SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE impulse radiating antennas (IRAs); physical optics; time domain electromagnetics; ultrawide-band electromagnetics; wide-band antennas AB The prompt off-boresight radiation from an arbitrary reflector impulse radiating antenna (IRA) is considered in both the time and frequency domains using a time-domain physical optics formalism. The theory is used to compare the performance between reflector IRAs with common transverse electromagnetic feed configurations that have been designed to maximize the boresight fields. It is found that moving the feed arms of reflector IRAs toward the vertical helps to reduce sidelobe levels, as reflector IRAs with their feed arms oriented at 60degrees from the horizontal have sidelobes that are 4-5 dB lower in the H plane and 1-2 dB lower in the E plane than more traditional reflector IRAs with feed arms oriented at 45degrees. The lower sidelobes are accompanied by a higher peak gain, albeit with a wider beamwidth. There are corresponding significant differences in the time domain waveforms that result. The theory is verified by comparison with experimental data from a half IRA with feed arms at 45degrees. The peak fields, pulse widths, and overall waveform shapes agree well between theory and experiment, though there are temporal asymmetries in the measured data that are not predicted by the theory. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Farr Res Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. USAF, Res Lab, DEHP, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35807 USA. RP Tyo, JS (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM tyo@ieee.org; efarr@farr-research.com; schoenberg@ieee.org; lhbowen@farr-re-search.com NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 52 IS 7 BP 1767 EP 1776 DI 10.1109/TAP.2004.830256 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 837KV UT WOS:000222629700016 ER PT J AU Danon, Y Lee, C Mulligan, C Vigilante, G AF Danon, Y Lee, C Mulligan, C Vigilante, G TI Characterizing tantalum sputtered coatings on steel by using eddy currents SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE differential system; eddy-current testing; pulsed eddy current; tantalum coatings ID THIN-FILMS; METALLIC LAYERS; CONDUCTIVITY; THICKNESS; FLAWS AB With the goal of building a system for fast inspection of coatings, we have developed a method that uses induced eddy currents to characterize tantalum alpha and beta phases in a layer of thin sputtered tantalum on steel. The detection of the tantalum phases is based on the large difference in electrical conductivity between them. Measurements based on the method agree well with values based on theoretical calculations. We applied the method in a two-probe differential system having higher sensitivity and less noise than a one-probe system. The probe uses pulsed eddy currents with a pulsewidth of 1 mus, allowing us to scan at rates of up to 106 pulses per second on a computer-controlled XY table for fast data acquisition. When the system was used to scan steel samples coated with 12.5-30 mum of tantalum, a clear difference between alpha and beta phases was observed. The system was also used to measure the conductivity of the alpha and beta phases. We present here a conductivity map of the sample. C1 Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mech Aerosp & Nucl Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. US Army AMSRD AAR AEW TB, Benet Labs, Watervliet Arsenal, NY 12189 USA. RP Danon, Y (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mech Aerosp & Nucl Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM danony@rpi.edu; leec3@rpi.edu; mulligan@pica.army.mil; gregvig@pica.armymil RI Danon, Yaron/B-5159-2009 NR 11 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 40 IS 4 BP 1826 EP 1832 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2004.828040 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 848DC UT WOS:000223446500010 ER PT J AU Izadjoo, MJ Bhattacharjee, AK Paranavitana, CM Hadfield, TL Hoover, DL AF Izadjoo, MJ Bhattacharjee, AK Paranavitana, CM Hadfield, TL Hoover, DL TI Oral vaccination with Brucella melitensis WR201 protects mice against intranasal challenge with virulent Brucella melitensis 16M SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; BALB/C MICE; ABORTUS; INFECTION; VACCINES; RB51; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; OVIS; RESISTANCE; RESPONSES AB Human brucellosis can be acquired from infected animal tissues by ingestion, inhalation, or contamination of conjunctiva or traumatized skin by infected animal products. In addition, Brucella is recognized as a biowarfare threat agent. Although a vaccine to protect humans from natural or deliberate infection could be useful, vaccines presently used in animals are unsuitable for human use. We tested orally administered live, attenuated, purine auxotrophic B. melitensis WR201 bacteria for their ability to elicit cellular and humoral immune responses and to protect mice against intranasal challenge with B. melitensis 16M bacteria. Immunized mice made serum antibody to lipopolysaccharide and non-O-polysaccharide antigens. Splenocytes from immunized animals released interleukin-2 and gamma interferon when grown in cultures with Brucella antigens. Immunization led to protection from disseminated infection and enhanced clearance of the challenge inoculum from the lungs. Optimal protection required administration of live bacteria, was related to immunizing dose, and was enhanced by booster immunization. These results establish the usefulness of oral vaccination against respiratory challenge with virulent Brucella and suggest that WR201 should be further investigated as a vaccine to prevent human brucellosis. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Infect & Parasit Dis, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Izadjoo, MJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM mina.izadjoo@na.amedd.army.mil NR 24 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 72 IS 7 BP 4031 EP 4039 DI 10.1128/IAI.72.7.4031-4039.2004 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 832QU UT WOS:000222282800040 PM 15213148 ER PT J AU Moore, RA Reckseidler-Zenteno, S Kim, H Nierman, W Yu, Y Tuanyok, A Warawa, J DeShazer, D Woods, DE AF Moore, RA Reckseidler-Zenteno, S Kim, H Nierman, W Yu, Y Tuanyok, A Warawa, J DeShazer, D Woods, DE TI Contribution of gene loss to the pathogenic evolution of Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID L-ARABINOSE METABOLISM; DNA MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; SUBTRACTIVE HYBRIDIZATION; VIRULENCE DETERMINANT; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SECRETION SYSTEM; POLYSACCHARIDE; IDENTIFICATION; THAILANDENSIS; MUTAGENESIS AB Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis. Burkholderia thailandensis is a closely related species that can readily utilize L-arabinose as a sole carbon source, whereas B. pseudomallei cannot. We used Tn5-OT182 mutagenesis to isolate an arabinose-negative mutant of B. thailandensis. Sequence analysis of regions flanking the transposon insertion revealed the presence of an arabinose assimilation operon consisting of nine genes. Analysis of the B. pseudomallei chromosome showed a deletion of the operon from this organism. This deletion was detected in all B. pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei strains investigated. We cloned the B. thailandensis E264 arabinose assimilation operon and introduced the entire operon into the chromosome of B. pseudomallei 406e via homologous recombination. The resultant strain, B. pseudomallei SZ5028, was able to utilize L-arabinose as a sole carbon source. Strain SZ5028 had a significantly higher 50% lethal dose for Syrian hamsters compared to the parent strain 406e. Microarray analysis revealed that a number of genes in a type III secretion system were down-regulated in strain SZ5028 when cells were. grown in L-arabinose, suggesting a regulatory role for L-arabinose or a metabolite Of L-arabinose. These results suggest that the ability to metabolize L-arabinose reduces the virulence of B. pseudomallei and that the genes encoding arabinose assimilation may be considered antivirulence genes. The increase in virulence associated with the loss of these genes may have provided a selective advantage for B. pseudomallei as these organisms adapted to survival in animal hosts. C1 Univ Calgary, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Infect Dis, Fac Med, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. Inst Genome Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Woods, DE (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Infect Dis, Fac Med, 3330 Hosp Dr,NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. EM woods@ucalgary.ca NR 33 TC 80 Z9 82 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 72 IS 7 BP 4172 EP 4187 DI 10.1128/IAI.72.7.4172-4187.2004 PG 16 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 832QU UT WOS:000222282800054 PM 15213162 ER PT J AU Sciuto, AM AF Sciuto, AM TI Introduction to special Inhalation Toxicology issue SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sciuto, AM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 16 IS 8 BP 489 EP 489 DI 10.1080/08958370490442395 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 824FB UT WOS:000221670200001 ER PT J AU Sevelova, L Bajgar, J Saxena, A Doctor, BP AF Sevelova, L Bajgar, J Saxena, A Doctor, BP TI Protective effect of equine butyrylcholinesterase in inhalation intoxication of rats with sarin: Determination of blood and brain cholinesterase activities SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS; SOMAN TOXICITY; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE PROPHYLAXIS; RHESUS-MONKEYS; GUINEA-PIGS; PRETREATMENT; CARBOXYLESTERASE; MICE; PYRIDOSTIGMINE; PERFORMANCE AB The effect of pretreatment with equine butyrylcholinesterase (EqBuChE) on cholinesterase inhibition in the blood and brain of rats following inhalation intoxication with low concentrations (1.25 mug/L for 60 min) of sarin were studied. Animals pretreated with different doses of equine butyrylcholinesterase showed significant increases in plasma butyrylcholinesterase activity. However, erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase activity was unchanged. The decrease in acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activity after inhalation intoxication was dependent on the dose of equine butyrylcholinesterase used for pretreatment and was always greater for erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase. Acetylcholinesterase activity in different brain regions was unchanged following pretreatment with equine butyrylcholinesterase. After inhalation exposure to sarin, acetylcholinesterase activity was diminished markedly in the pontomedullar area (51.5% of normal activity) and frontal cortex (72.0% of normal activity), and slightly in basal ganglia (91.4% of normal activity). Plasma levels of sarin were determined using fluoride-induced reactivation of inhibited enzyme. As expected, the amounts of sarin in plasma were almost identical in rats pretreated with EqBuChE as well as in untreated rats. In pretreated animals, the plasma amount of sarin did not depend on the dose of equine butyrylcholinesterase used for pretreatment. Our results demonstrate that equine butyrylcholinesterase pretreatment can be considered as an effective prophylaxis against nerve agents ( at least with sarin) and seems to be an alternative or superior to prophylaxis provided by reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. C1 Purkyne Mil Med Acad, Dept Toxicol, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Sevelova, L (reprint author), Purkyne Mil Med Acad, Dept Toxicol, POB 35-T, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. EM sevelova@pmfhk.cz NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 16 IS 8 BP 531 EP 536 DI 10.1080/08958370490442511 PG 6 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 824FB UT WOS:000221670200006 PM 15204744 ER PT J AU Sciuto, AM Hurt, HH AF Sciuto, AM Hurt, HH TI Therapeutic treatments of phosgene-induced lung injury SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-LEVEL EXPOSURE; N-ACETYLCYSTEINE; PULMONARY-EDEMA; SMOOTH-MUSCLE; RAT LUNGS; POSTEXPOSURE TREATMENT; LAVAGE FLUID; CYCLIC-AMP; IBUPROFEN; PERMEABILITY AB A series of studies was performed to address treatment against the former chemical warfare edemagenic gas phosgene. Both in situ and in vivo models were used to assess the efficacy of postexposure treatment of phosgene-induced lung injury using clinically existing drugs. The degree of efficacy was judged by examining treatment effects on pulmonary edema formation (PEF) as measured by wet/dry weight (WW/DW) ratios, real-time (in situ) lung weight gain (LWG), survival rates (SR), odds ratios, and glutathione (GSH) redox states. Drugs included N-acetylcysteine (NAC), ibuprofen (IBU), aminophylline (AMIN), and isoproterenol (ISO). Using the in situ isolated perfused rabbit lung model (IPRLM), intratracheal (IT) NAC (40 mg/kg bolus) delivered 45-60 min after phosgene exposure (650 mg/m(3)) for 10 min lowered pulmonary artery pressure, LWG, leukotrienes (T) C-4/D-4/E-4, lipid peroxidation, and oxidized GSH. We concluded that NAC protected against phosgene-induced lung injury by acting as an antioxidant by maintaining protective levels of GSH, reducing both lipid peroxidation and production of arachidonic acid metabolites. Also in IPRLM, administration of AMIN (30 mg/kg) 80-90 min after phosgene exposure significantly reduced lipid peroxidation and perfusate LTC4/D-4/E-4, reduced LWG, and prevented phosgene-induced decreases in lung tissue cAMP. These data suggest that protective mechanisms observed with AMIN involve decreased LTC4/D-4/E-4 mediated pulmonary capillary permeability and attenuated lipid peroxidation. Direct antipermeability effects of AMIN-induced upregulation of cAMP on cellular contraction may also be important in protection against phosgene-induced lung injury. Posttreatment with ISO in the IPRLM by either combined intravascular (iv; infused into pulmonary artery at 24 mug/min infused) + IT (24 mug bolus) or IT route alone 50-60 min after phosgene exposure significantly lowered pulmonary artery pressure, tracheal pressure, and LWG. ISO treatment significantly enhanced GSH products or maintained protective levels when compared with results from phosgene-exposed only rabbits. These data suggest that protective mechanisms for ISO involve reduction in vascular pressure, decreased LTC4/D-4/E-4-mediated pulmonary capillary permeability, and favorably maintained lung tissue GSH redox states. For in vivo male mouse (CD-1, 25-30 g) studies IBU was administered ip within 20 min after a lethal dose of phosgene (32 mg/m(3) for 20 min) at 0 (saline), 3, 9, or 15 mg/mouse. Five hours later, a second IBU injection was given but at half the original doses (0, 1.5, 4.5, and 7.5 mg/mouse); therefore, these treatment groups are now referred to as the 0/0, 3/1.5, 9/4.5, and 15/7.5 mg IBU/mouse groups. SRs and odds ratios were calculated for each dose at 12 and 24 h. The 12-h survival was 63% for 9/4.5 mg IBU and 82% for the 15/7.5 mg IBU groups, compared with 25% for saline-treated phosgene-exposed mice. At 24 h, those survival rates were reduced to 19%, 19%, and 6%, respectively. In the 15/7.5 mg IBU group, lung WW/DW ratios were significantly lower than in saline-treated mice at 12 h. Lipid peroxidation was lower only for the 9/4.5 mg IBU dose; however, nonprotein sulfhydryls (a measure of GSH) were greater across all IBU doses. The odds ratio was 5 for the 9/4.5 IBU group at 12 h and 13 for the 15/7.5 mg IBU group, compared with 3.5 for both groups at 24 h. IBU posttreatment increased the survival of mice at 12 h by reducing PEF, lipid peroxidation, a In conclusion, effective treatment of phosgene-induced lung injury involves early postexposure intervention that could reduce free radical species responsible for lipid peroxidation, correct the imbalance in the GSH redox state, and prevent the release of biological mediators such as leukotrienes, which are accountable for increased permeability. C1 USA, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch, MCMR UV PN,Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sciuto, AM (reprint author), USA, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch, MCMR UV PN,Med Res Inst Chem Def, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM alfred.sciuto@apgea.amedd.army.mil NR 81 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 16 IS 8 BP 565 EP 580 DI 10.1080/08958370490442584 PG 16 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 824FB UT WOS:000221670200009 PM 15204747 ER PT J AU DiPaolo, BP Monteiro, PJM Gronsky, R AF DiPaolo, BP Monteiro, PJM Gronsky, R TI Quasi-static axial crush response of a thin-wall, stainless steel box component SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE axial crush; progressive collapse; thin-wall box components; stainless steel; energy absorption; collapse initiators ID SHEET-METAL TUBES; CROSS-SECTION; COMPRESSION; COLLAPSE; FRUSTA; BEHAVIOR; ENERGY AB An experimental investigation was performed on the quasi-static, symmetric axial crush response mode of commercially-produced. welded AISI 304 stainless steel square box components. The first objective was to demonstrate that a specific configuration response consisting of a fold formation process and the corresponding load-displacement curve could be obtained using experimental control methods. Test specimens from a single length of tubing were examined in a progressive axial crush study, and the controls included removable grooved caps for end constraints, and shallow machined groove patterns on specimen sidewalls for collapse initiators. Consistent fold appearance and load-displacement curve shapes indicated that ten of the eleven test specimens exhibited the same symmetric, axial crush configuration response. During the first cycle of the secondary folding phase, observed differences on an average value basis were less than or equal to 3% for maximum loads, 6% for minimum loads, and 3% for energy absorption. The second objective of this investigation was to isolate the effect of alloy composition and microstructure on the axial crush configuration response. A higher concentration of carbon and smaller grain size resulted in an 18% increase in energy absorption in a secondary folding phase cycle. Overall, the results show that response can be restricted to a specific axial crush configuration response and therefore, a controlled and repeatable energy absorption process can be obtained and modifications to alloy composition and microstructure can be used to enhance energy absorption performance of the box component. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP DiPaolo, BP (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 3909 Halls Ferry Bldg 5008, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM beverly.p.dipaolo@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 67 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 41 IS 14 BP 3707 EP 3733 DI 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.02.031 PG 27 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 828BN UT WOS:000221947700002 ER PT J AU Capacio, BR Smith, JR DeLion, MT Anderson, DR Graham, JS Platoff, GE Korte, WD AF Capacio, BR Smith, JR DeLion, MT Anderson, DR Graham, JS Platoff, GE Korte, WD TI Monitoring sulfur mustard exposure by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of thiodiglycol cleaved from blood proteins SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO; ADDUCTS; HEMOGLOBIN; ALBUMIN; VALINE; BURNS; SKIN; VIVO C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Capacio, BR (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 11 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 28 IS 5 BP 306 EP 310 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 842CT UT WOS:000222981200002 PM 15239847 ER PT J AU Noort, D Fidder, A Benschop, HP de Jong, LPA Smith, JR AF Noort, D Fidder, A Benschop, HP de Jong, LPA Smith, JR TI Procedure for monitoring exposure to sulfur mustard based on modified Edman degradation of globin SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS; IN-VITRO; HEMOGLOBIN; ADDUCTS; ALBUMIN; VIVO C1 TNO, Prins Maurits Lab, NL-2280 AA Rijswijk, Netherlands. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Noort, D (reprint author), TNO, Prins Maurits Lab, POB 45, NL-2280 AA Rijswijk, Netherlands. EM noortd@pml.tno.nl NR 6 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 28 IS 5 BP 311 EP 315 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 842CT UT WOS:000222981200003 PM 15239848 ER PT J AU Jakubowski, EM McGuire, JM Evans, RA Edwards, JL Hulet, SW Benton, BJ Forster, JS Burnett, DC Muse, WT Matson, K Crouse, CL Mioduszewski, RJ Thomson, SA AF Jakubowski, EM McGuire, JM Evans, RA Edwards, JL Hulet, SW Benton, BJ Forster, JS Burnett, DC Muse, WT Matson, K Crouse, CL Mioduszewski, RJ Thomson, SA TI Quantitation of fluoride ion released sarin in red blood cell samples by gas chromatography-chemical ionization mass spectrometry using isotope dilution and large-volume injection SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RETROSPECTIVE DETECTION; METHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID; BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES; METABOLITES; EXPOSURE; SOMAN; VICTIMS; BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE; PHARMACOKINETICS; AGENTS C1 USA, ECBC, Res & Technol Directorate, APG,EA, Edgewood, MD 21010 USA. APG, EA, Geoctr, Edgewood, MD 21010 USA. RP Jakubowski, EM (reprint author), AMSRD, ECB, RT, TT,Edgewood CB Ctr, 5183 Black Hawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM edward.m.jakubowski@us.army.mil NR 23 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 9 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 28 IS 5 BP 357 EP 363 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 842CT UT WOS:000222981200011 PM 15239856 ER PT J AU Garcia, GE Hicks, RP Skanchy, D Moorad-Doctor, DR Doctor, BP Ved, HS AF Garcia, GE Hicks, RP Skanchy, D Moorad-Doctor, DR Doctor, BP Ved, HS TI Identification and characterization of the major huperzine a metabolite in rat blood SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; INHIBITION; AGENT C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Med Chem, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Garcia, GE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM greg.garcia@na.amedd.army.mil NR 11 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 28 IS 5 BP 379 EP 383 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 842CT UT WOS:000222981200014 PM 15239859 ER PT J AU Byers, CE Holloway, ER Korte, WD Smith, JR Clarkson, ED Platoff, GE Capacio, BR AF Byers, CE Holloway, ER Korte, WD Smith, JR Clarkson, ED Platoff, GE Capacio, BR TI Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of British anti-Lewisite in plasma SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DITHIOL CHELATING-AGENTS; ACID; METABOLISM; HUMANS C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Capacio, BR (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR,UV,PA,3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM benedict.capacio@us.army.mil OI Smith, James/0000-0001-8805-3788 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 28 IS 5 BP 384 EP 389 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 842CT UT WOS:000222981200015 PM 15239860 ER PT J AU Smith, JR AF Smith, JR TI Analysis of the enantiomers of VX using normal-phase chiral liquid chromatography with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STEREOISOMERS C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Smith, JR (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR-UV,PA,3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM john.richard.smith@us.army.mil OI Smith, James/0000-0001-8805-3788 NR 8 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 28 IS 5 BP 390 EP 392 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 842CT UT WOS:000222981200016 PM 15239861 ER PT J AU Bray, M Roy, CJ AF Bray, M Roy, CJ TI Antiviral prophylaxis of smallpox SO JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE monkeypox; airborne infections; antiviral therapy; aerosol therapy; cidofovir; vaccination; biodefence ID VACCINIA VIRUS-INFECTIONS; AEROSOLIZED CIDOFOVIR; PROTECTS MICE; COWPOX; METABOLISM; CHALLENGE; INFLUENZA; EFFICACY; MOUSEPOX; THERAPY AB Proof-of-concept studies suggest that current defences against smallpox could be strengthened by supplementing vaccination with antiviral drug prophylaxis, based on aerosolized or orally available forms of the long-acting medication cidofovir. Delivery of aerosolized cidofovir to mice results in its prolonged retention in respiratory tissues and protection against lethal intranasal or aerosol poxviral challenge. Although cidofovir itself is not orally available, the addition of an alkoxyalkanol ether side-chain allows it to be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. This also markedly increases its antiviral activity and lengthens its intracellular half-life from roughly 3 to 8-10 days. Oral treatment also protected mice against lethal poxviral challenge. These results suggest that a single aerosol dose of cidofovir (or an alkoxyalkanol-ether derivative) could provide prolonged protection against initiation of smallpox infection, whereas oral treatment could prevent both initiation of infection and internal dissemination of virus. Both approaches may avoid the nephrotoxicity that occasionally results from intravenous cidofovir therapy. C1 NIAID, Biodef Clin Res Branch, Off Clin Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, Dept Aerobiol & Prod Evaluat, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bray, M (reprint author), NIAID, Biodef Clin Res Branch, Off Clin Res, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM mbray@niaid.nih.gov NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7453 J9 J ANTIMICROB CHEMOTH JI J. Antimicrob. Chemother. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 54 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1093/jac/dkh286 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 836LV UT WOS:000222558100001 PM 15163655 ER PT J AU Hsue, G Napier, JT Prince, RA Chi, J Hospenthal, DR AF Hsue, G Napier, JT Prince, RA Chi, J Hospenthal, DR TI Treatment of meningeal coccidioidomycosis with caspofungin SO JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Letter DE echinocandins; meningitis; Coccidioides ID MENINGITIS; EFFICACY C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Houston, Coll Pharm, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Hospenthal, DR (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM duane.hospenthal@amedd.army.mil NR 7 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7453 J9 J ANTIMICROB CHEMOTH JI J. Antimicrob. Chemother. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 54 IS 1 BP 292 EP 294 DI 10.1093/jac/dkh306 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 836LV UT WOS:000222558100068 PM 15190025 ER PT J AU Xiao, D Kim, KW Zavada, JM AF Xiao, D Kim, KW Zavada, JM TI Envelope-function analysis of wurtzite InGaN/GaN quantum well light emitting diodes SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BAND-GAP; INN; DEPENDENCE; PARAMETERS; TRANSITIONS; ZINCBLENDE; THICKNESS; NITRIDES; ENERGIES; BLUE AB Fundamental electrical and optical properties of strained wurtzite InGaN/GaN-based quantum-well light-emitting diodes are calculated based on the Rashba-Sheka-Pikus Hamiltonian in the vicinity of the Gamma point. It is found that the strain and the strain-induced piezoelectric field significantly alter the subband structure and determines the output intensity of the nitride quantum well light emitting diodes. For the case with high In composition (greater than or similar to0.2), the calculation also supports the possibility of strain relaxation in the quantum well. Coupled with an optimized set of parameters, our theoretical model provides an excellent agreement with the available experimental data over a wide range of In composition (0-0.5). (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Xiao, D (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM kwk@eos.ncsu.edu NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 1 BP 723 EP 728 DI 10.1063/1.1755435 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 830AF UT WOS:000222093300116 ER PT J AU Owens, CS Smart, RM Stewart, RM AF Owens, CS Smart, RM Stewart, RM TI Low temperature limits of giant salvinia SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Salvinia molesta; temperature; freezing event; acute exposure ID FLOATING WEED SALVINIA; MOLESTA MITCHELL AB Giant salvinia (Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell) growing in three outdoor research ponds survived two north Texas winters during 1999-2000 and 2000-2001. The first winter was mild, with only one major freezing event. The second winter had three major freezing events, but again small numbers of the plants survived. Acute low-temperature exposure of the plants in a controlled study demonstrated that formation of ice results in decreased survival of giant salvinia. All the plants exposed for 48 hours to air temperatures of -16C were killed while those exposed for 48 hours at -3C survived apparently due to incomplete ice formation in the water of the containers. C1 Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, Analyt Serv, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, USAE, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Erdc, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Owens, CS (reprint author), Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, Analyt Serv, 201 E Jones St, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI LEHIGH ACRES PA PO BOX 1477, LEHIGH ACRES, FL 33970 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 42 BP 91 EP 94 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 898TK UT WOS:000227098900003 ER PT J AU Owens, CS Smart, RM Dick, GO AF Owens, CS Smart, RM Dick, GO TI Regeneration of giant salvinia from apical and axillary buds following desiccation or physical damage SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID FLOATING WEED SALVINIA; MOLESTA MITCHELL; BIOLOGY C1 Analyt Serv Inc, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, USAE, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. Univ N Texas, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. RP Owens, CS (reprint author), Analyt Serv Inc, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, 201 E Jones St, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI LEHIGH ACRES PA PO BOX 1477, LEHIGH ACRES, FL 33970 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 42 BP 117 EP 119 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 898TK UT WOS:000227098900009 ER PT J AU Ulrich, RL Hines, HB Parthasarathy, N Jeddeloh, JA AF Ulrich, RL Hines, HB Parthasarathy, N Jeddeloh, JA TI Mutational analysis and biochemical characterization of the Burkholderia thailandensis DW503 quorum-sensing network SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HOMOSERINE LACTONE PRODUCTION; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA PAO1; LUXR-LUXI FAMILY; BACTERIAL BIOLUMINESCENCE; CEPACIA COMPLEX; AUTOINDUCER; GENES; IDENTIFICATION; VIRULENCE; SYSTEM AB Numerous gram-negative bacteria communicate and regulate gene expression through a cell density-responsive mechanism termed quorum sensing (QS), which involves the synthesis and perception of diffusible N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHL). In this study we genetically and physiologically characterized the Burkholderia thailandensis DW503 QS network. In silico analysis of the B. thailandensis genome revealed the presence of at least three AHL synthases (AHS) and five transcriptional regulators belonging to the LuxIR family of proteins. Mass spectrometry demonstrated that wild-type B. thailandensis synthesizes N-hexanoyl-homoserine lactone (C-6-HSL), N-octanoyl-homoserine lactone (C-8-HSL), and N-decanoyl-homoserine lactone (C-10-HSL). Mutation of the btaI1 (luxI) AHS gene prevented accumulation of C-8-HSL in culture supernatants, enhanced beta-hemolysis of sheep erythrocytes, increased lipase production, and altered colony morphology on swarming and twitching motility plates. Disruption of the btaI3 (luxI) AHS prevented biosynthesis of C-6-HSL and increased lipase production and beta-hemolysis, whereas mutagenesis of the btaI2 (luxI) allele eliminated C-10-HSL accumulation and reduced lipase production. Complementation of the btaI1 and btaI3 mutants fully restored the synthesis of C-8-HSL and C-6-HSL to parental levels. In contrast, mutagenesis of the btaR1, btaR3, btaR4, and btaR5 (luxR) transcriptional regulators had no effect on AHL accumulation, enhanced lipase production, and resulted in extensive beta-hemolysis on sheep blood agar plates. Furthermore, interruption of the btaI1, btaR1, and btaR3 genes altered colony morphology on twitching and swarming motility plates and induced pigmentation. Additionally, phenotypic microarray analysis indicated that QS in B. thailandensis both positively and negatively affects the metabolism of numerous substrates, including citric acid, formic acid, glucose 6-phosphate, capric acid, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, and D-arabinose, These results demonstrate that mutagenesis of the B. thailandensis QS system affects various cellular processes, including lipase production, swarming and twitching motility, beta-hemolysis of sheep erythrocytes, and carbon metabolism and/or transport. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Ulrich, RL (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Ricky.Ulrich@AMEDD.ARMY.MIL NR 45 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 186 IS 13 BP 4350 EP 4360 DI 10.1128/JB.186.13.4350-4360.2004 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 831JA UT WOS:000222189500032 PM 15205437 ER PT J AU Potter, BK Lehman, RA Doukas, WC AF Potter, BK Lehman, RA Doukas, WC TI Simultaneous bilateral rupture of the pectoralis major tendon - A case report SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article ID MUSCLE; INJURIES; DIAGNOSIS; AVULSION; REPAIR; TEARS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Doukas, WC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM william.doukas@na.amedd.army.mil NR 29 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 86A IS 7 BP 1519 EP 1521 PG 3 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 835IK UT WOS:000222475900023 PM 15252102 ER PT J AU Ding, MS AF Ding, MS TI Electrolytic conductivity and glass transition temperatures as functions of salt content, solvent composition, or temperature for LiBF4 in propylene carbonate plus diethyl carbonate SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA LA English DT Article ID ENERGY DENSITY BATTERIES; ETHYL METHYL CARBONATE; PC-EC SOLUTIONS; BINARY CARBONATES; LITHIUM BATTERIES; PHASE-DIAGRAMS; ORGANIC ELECTROLYTES; IONIC ASSOCIATION; VISCOSITY; LIPF6 AB The electrolyte system of LiBF4 in propylene carbonate (PC) + diethyl carbonate (DEC) was measured for its electrolytic conductivity K at salt molalities m, solvent mass fractions w, and temperatures theta in the ranges of (0.2 to 2.1) mol kg(-1) for m, (0 to 0.7) for w of DEC and (-80 to 60) degreesC for theta, and for its glass transition temperatures T, in the same ranges of m and w. The measured K(M,w) data at different theta were further fitted with an extended version of the Casteel-Amis equation in order to correlate the changes of kappa with simultaneous changes of m and w and with theta. The K surfaces according to these fitted equations all assumed a "dome" shape as a result of kappa peaking in both m and w. Furthermore, as theta was decreased, these domes reduced in height and shifted in the direction of low m and high w, the direction of lower viscosity eta. The T, was found to increase with increasing m and decreasing w, indicating a concurrent change in the eta of the solution. These results are in complete qualitative agreement with those of LiPF6 in PC + DEC. Quantitatively, however, the T-g of the LiBF4 solution is lower than that of the LiPF6 solution, indicating a lower q of the former, and the kappa is generally lower because of the stronger ion association of Li+ with BF4- than with PF6-, except at high m and low theta, where the LiBF4 solution becomes more conductive because of its lower q. C1 Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ding, MS (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mding@arl.army.mil NR 36 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9568 J9 J CHEM ENG DATA JI J. Chem. Eng. Data PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 49 IS 4 BP 1102 EP 1109 DI 10.1021/je0498863 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA 836DH UT WOS:000222535100069 ER PT J AU Woll, MM Fisher, CM Ryan, GB Gurney, JM Storrer, CE Ioannides, CG Shriver, CD Moul, JW Mcleod, DG Ponniah, S Peoples, GE AF Woll, MM Fisher, CM Ryan, GB Gurney, JM Storrer, CE Ioannides, CG Shriver, CD Moul, JW Mcleod, DG Ponniah, S Peoples, GE TI Direct measurement of peptide-specific CD8C T cells using HLA-A2 : Ig dimer for monitoring the in vivo immune response to a HER2/neu vaccine in breast and prostate cancer patients SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HER2/neu; HLA-A2 dimer; breast cancer; prostate cancer; vaccine ID MHC CLASS-I; ONCOGENIC PROTEIN; MELANOMA PATIENTS; OVARIAN-CANCER; ANTIGEN; IDENTIFICATION; IMMUNOTHERAPY; LYMPHOCYTES; COMPLEXES; ADJUVANT AB HER2/neu is a proto-oncogene and a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family of proteins that is overexpressed in numerous types of human cancer. We are currently conducting clinical trials with the HER2/neu E75 peptide vaccine in breast and prostate cancer patients. We have evaluated the use of HLA-A2 dimer molecule for the immunological monitoring of cancer patients receiving the E75 peptide vaccine. Peripheral blood samples from patients receiving the vaccine were stained with HLA-A2 dimers containing the vaccine peptide E75 or control peptides and analyzed by flow cytometry. We compared the HLA-A2 dimer assay to standard methods of immunologic monitoring (IFN-gamma release, lymphocyte proliferation, and cytotoxicity). The HLA-A2 dimer assay was also compared with the HLA-A2 tetramer assay. E75 peptide-specific CD8 T cells were detected directly in the peripheral blood of patients by staining with E75-HLA-A2 dimers and CD8 antibodies. T cell cultures generated by repeated stimulations using E75 peptide-pulsed dendritic cells showed increased staining with E75-peptide loaded HLA-A2 dimers. Simultaneously analysis by the dimer assay and standard immunologic assays demonstrated that the dimer-staining assay correlated well with these methods of immunologic monitoring. A direct comparison using E75-specific HLA-A2 tetramers and HLA-A2 dimers for the detection of E75-specific CD8 T cells in peripheral blood showed comparable results with the two assays. Our findings indicate that the HLA-A2 dimer is a powerful new tool for directly quantifying and monitoring immune responses of antigen-specific T cells in peptide vaccine clinical trials. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Clin Breast Care Project, Immunol & Res Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Gynecol Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Peoples, GE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, 5C27A,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM george.peoples@na.amedd.army.mil NR 39 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0271-9142 J9 J CLIN IMMUNOL JI J. Clin. Immunol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 24 IS 4 BP 449 EP 461 DI 10.1023/B:JOCI.0000029117.10791.98 PG 13 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 824DV UT WOS:000221665700015 PM 15163902 ER PT J AU Mahanonda, R Sa-Ard-Iam, N Charatkulangkun, O Promsudthi, A Schifferle, RE Yongvanichit, K Pichyangkul, S AF Mahanonda, R Sa-Ard-Iam, N Charatkulangkun, O Promsudthi, A Schifferle, RE Yongvanichit, K Pichyangkul, S TI Monocyte activation by Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS in aggressive periodontitis with the use of whole-blood cultures SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE monocyte activation; Porphyromonas gingivalis; co-stimulatory molecule expression; whole-blood cultures ID TNF-ALPHA; ACTINOBACILLUS-ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS; ADULT PERIODONTITIS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; IN-VITRO; DISEASE; POPULATION; IL-1-BETA; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; MACROPHAGES AB In this study, we re-visited the issue of hyper-responsiveness of monocytes to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in aggressive periodontitis patients. We used whole-blood cultures to compare monocyte activation by Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS between Thai subjects with generalized aggressive periodontitis and those without periodontitis. Upon stimulation with P. gingivalis LPS, expression of costimulatory molecules on monocytes and expression of CD69 on NK and gammadelta T-cells were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the production of interleukin-1beta and prostaglandin E-2 was monitored by ELISA. LPS stimulation resulted in a dose-dependent up-regulation of CD40, CD80, and CD86 on monocytes, and up-regulation of CD69 on NK cells and gammadelta T-cells in both the periodontitis and non-periodontitis groups. The levels of activation markers and the mediator production after LPS stimulation were quite similar for both groups. In conclusion, we did not observe hyper-responsiveness of monocytes to P. gingivalis LPS challenge in Thai patients with aggressive periodontitis. C1 Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Dent, Dept Periodontol, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Dent, Immunol Lab, Bangkok, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Dent, Dept Oral Med, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Periodont & Endodont, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, US Army Med Component, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Mahanonda, R (reprint author), Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Dent, Dept Periodontol, Henry Dunant Rd, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. EM mrangsin@chula.ac.th NR 32 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCHI A D R/A A D R PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3406 USA SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 83 IS 7 BP 540 EP 545 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 891RL UT WOS:000226598200006 PM 15218043 ER PT J AU Shiroma, CY Fielding, CG Lewis, JA Gleisner, MR Dunn, KN AF Shiroma, CY Fielding, CG Lewis, JA Gleisner, MR Dunn, KN TI A minimally destructive technique for sampling dentin powder for mitochondrial DNA testing SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; forensic odontology; mitochondrial DNA; dentin sampling; JPAC; Central Identification Laboratory ID HUMAN TEETH AB The purpose of this paper is to present the horizontal sectioning technique used by odontologists at the Central Identification Laboratory to sample dentin for mtDNA analysis. From the perspective of DNA testing, anthropologists and odontologists at the Central Identification Laboratory work with ancient remains. In many instances, the lack of comprehensive antemortem records, the potential for fragmentation and commingling, and environmental exposure makes the use of traditional forensic identification techniques difficult or impossible. Teeth are highly resistant to environmental degradation and are an excellent source of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). This technique is simple, quick, and relatively conservative, allowing for preservation of the majority of the external portion of the tooth structure. C1 Joint POW MIA Accounting Command, Hickam AFB, HI USA. USA, Dent Activ, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Shiroma, CY (reprint author), USA, Dent Clin Ft Richardson, Ft Richardson, AK 99505 USA. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 49 IS 4 BP 791 EP 795 PG 5 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 836GN UT WOS:000222543900019 PM 15317196 ER PT J AU Barkdoll, BD Duan, JG Fan, SS Klumpp, CC McAnnally, B Papanicolaou, T Scott, S Wang, SSY Wu, WM Ying, XY AF Barkdoll, BD Duan, JG Fan, SS Klumpp, CC McAnnally, B Papanicolaou, T Scott, S Wang, SSY Wu, WM Ying, XY CA Task Comm Computational Modell TI Computational modeling of sediment transport processes SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. Univ & Community Coll Syst Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Las Vegas, NV USA. Clarkson Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Potsdam, NY 13676 USA. US Bur Reclamat, Denver Serv Ctr, Sedimentat & River Hydraul Grp D8540, Denver, CO 80225 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. Univ Iowa, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn,Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Computat Hydrosci & Engn, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Barkdoll, BD (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM barkdoll@mtu.edu; gduan@dri.edu; ssfan@erols.com; CKLUMPP@do.usbr.gov; McAnally@engr.msstate.edu; apapanic@engineering.uiowa.edu; Steve.H.Scott@erdc.usace.army.mil; wang@ncche.olemiss.edu; wuwm@ncche.olemiss.edu; ying@ncche.olemiss.edu NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD JUL PY 2004 VL 130 IS 7 BP 597 EP 598 PG 2 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 832EH UT WOS:000222249500001 ER PT J AU Admiraal, DM Stansbury, JS Haberman, CJ AF Admiraal, DM Stansbury, JS Haberman, CJ TI Case study: Particle velocimetry in a model of Lake Ogallala SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE reservoir operation; flow patterns; dissolved oxygen; scale models; Nebraska ID IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; TRACKING VELOCIMETRY; 3-DIMENSIONAL FLOWS; FIELD MEASUREMENT; SURFACE; RESOLUTION; VELOCITIES; CHANNEL AB in a case study of Lake Ogallala, a reservoir in central Nebraska, large scale particle tracking velocimetry (LSPTV) is used to measure surface velocities in a physical model of the lake. Knowledge of flow patterns in the lake is essential for predicting the transport of dissolved oxygen (DO). A preliminary comparison with acoustic Doppler velocimetery (ADV) measurements shows that both LSPTV and large scale particle image velocimetry (LSPIV) accurately measure surface velocities. In the present study, LSPTV works better near flow boundaries and in regions with high velocity gradients since smaller sampling areas are possible, and unlike LSPIV measurements, LSPTV measurements are unbiased. Discharges measured at eight different transects using LSPTV were within 6% of the discharge measured with an orifice, the worst correlation occurring where the bathymetry was slightly nonuniform (making application of the 1/7-power law suspect). In the prototype, DO content periodically drops to unacceptable levels throughout most of the Keystone Basin (a subbasin of Lake Ogallala). Predicted flow patterns suggest that low DO problems are exacerbated in regions with low velocities since oxygen consumed by macrophytes during nighttime hours is not quickly replenished. C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Rock Isl, IL 61204 USA. RP Admiraal, DM (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD JUL PY 2004 VL 130 IS 7 BP 599 EP 607 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2004)130:7(599) PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 832EH UT WOS:000222249500002 ER PT J AU Zuckerman, RA Whittington, WLH Celum, CL Collis, TK Lucchetti, AJ Sanchez, JL Hughes, JP Sanchez, JL Coombs, RW AF Zuckerman, RA Whittington, WLH Celum, CL Collis, TK Lucchetti, AJ Sanchez, JL Hughes, JP Sanchez, JL Coombs, RW TI Higher concentration of HIV RNA in rectal mucosa secretions than in blood and seminal plasma, among men who have sex with men, independent of antiretroviral therapy SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Keystone Symposium on Twenty Years of HIV Research from Discovery to Understanding CY MAR 28-APR 03, 2003 CL BANFF, CANADA ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; HOMOSEXUAL-MEN; VIRAL BURDEN; SEMEN; INFECTION; AIDS; DNA; COMPARTMENTALIZATION AB High levels of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in rectal secretions and semen likely increase the risk of HIV transmission. HIV-infected men who have sex with men made 2-3 study visits, over 4 weeks, to assess rectal, seminal, and plasma levels of HIV RNA. Mixed-effects models estimated the effect of factors on HIV shedding. Twenty-seven (42%) of 64 men were receiving antiretroviral therapy ( ART); regardless of ART use, median HIV RNA levels were higher in rectal secretions (4.96 log(10) copies/mL) than in blood plasma (4.24 log(10) copies/mL) or seminal plasma (3.55 log(10) copies/mL; P < .05, each comparison). ART was associated with a 1.3-log(10) reduction in rectal HIV RNA in a model without plasma HIV RNA; with and without plasma RNA in models, ART accounted for a >1-log(10) decrease in seminal HIV RNA levels. Thus, controlling for plasma HIV RNA, ART had an independent effect on seminal, but not rectal, HIV levels. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Allergy & Infect Dis, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD USA. Asociac Civil Impacta Salud & Educ, Lima, Peru. RP Zuckerman, RA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Allergy & Infect Dis, Cabrini Med Tower,901 Boren Ave,Suite 1300, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM zuckermn@u.washington.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [P30 AI027757, AI-27664, AI-27757]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-49477] NR 34 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 190 IS 1 BP 156 EP 161 DI 10.1086/421246 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 828VV UT WOS:000222002700019 PM 15195255 ER PT J AU Hoffmann, PR Woodrow, RJ Calimlim, PS Sciulli, R Effler, PV Miyamoto, V Imrie, A Yanagihara, R Nerurkar, VR AF Hoffmann, PR Woodrow, RJ Calimlim, PS Sciulli, R Effler, PV Miyamoto, V Imrie, A Yanagihara, R Nerurkar, VR TI West Nile virus surveillance: A simple method for verifying the integrity of RNA in mosquito (Diptera : Culicidae) pools SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE West Nile virus; reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction; mosquito; arbovirus; 18S rRNA ID UNITED-STATES; SEQUENCES; OUTBREAK; EUROPE AB In a West Nile virus (WNV)-free ecosystem, it is essential to verify the integrity of RNA before concluding that RNA extracted from mosquito specimens is negative for WNV gene sequences. The primary objective of our study was to develop a rapid molecular assay to rapidly screen mosquitoes for the presence of 18S RNA and WNV gene sequences. Mosquitoes, collected from multiple sites on the island of O'ahu, were pooled into groups of 1-50 mosquitoes according to capture site, date, and species. Using primer design software and the GenBank database, generic oligonucleotide primer pairs were designed to amplify mosquito18S rRNA gene sequences from different species. RNA was extracted from mosquito pools, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed for the presence of mosquito18S rRNA and WNV gene sequences. Three of the seven primer pairs successfully detected 18S rRNA sequences for both Aedes and Culex by RT-PCR, and one primer pair successfully amplified 18S rRNA sequences for 15 different mosquito species. All 64 mosquito pools from 10 different sites on the island of Oahu, Hawaii, were negative for WNV nonstructural protein-5 gene sequences. This simple, one-step RT-PCR method for screening mosquito pools for arboviruses will become an increasingly valuable tool as WNV becomes endemic throughout the Americas. C1 Univ Hawaii Manoa, Retrovirol Res Lab, Pacific Biomed Res Ctr, John A Burns Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Hawaii Dept Hlth, Div State Labs, Honolulu, HI 96782 USA. Hawaii Dept Hlth, Div Dis Outbreak Control, Honolulu, HI 96782 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci & Epidemiol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Trop Med & Med Microbiol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Hoffmann, PR (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Retrovirol Res Lab, Pacific Biomed Res Ctr, John A Burns Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM nerurkar@pbrc.hawaii.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR018727]; ODCDC CDC HHS [U50/CCU912395] NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 41 IS 4 BP 731 EP 735 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-41.4.731 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 841AN UT WOS:000222901800028 PM 15311468 ER PT J AU Weddle, KJ AF Weddle, KJ TI Voyage to a thousand cares: Masters mate Lawrence with the African Squadron, 1844-1846. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, War Coll, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. RP Weddle, KJ (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 68 IS 3 BP 961 EP 962 DI 10.1353/jmh.2004.0158 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 834QW UT WOS:000222426600021 ER PT J AU Kiesling, EC AF Kiesling, EC TI Facing the Second World War: Strategy, politics, and economics, in Britain and France. 1938-1940. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Kiesling, EC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 68 IS 3 BP 990 EP 991 DI 10.1353/jmh.2004.0120 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 834QW UT WOS:000222426600049 ER PT J AU Craig, R AF Craig, R TI The soldier at the crossroad: The 726th MP Battalion in World War II SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Mil Police Corps, Ft Leonard Wood, MO 65473 USA. RP Craig, R (reprint author), USA, Mil Police Corps, Ft Leonard Wood, MO 65473 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 68 IS 3 BP 1002 EP 1003 DI 10.1353/jmh.2004.0099 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 834QW UT WOS:000222426600059 ER PT J AU Johnson, AE Georgopoulos, G Erickson, MA Eilert, R AF Johnson, AE Georgopoulos, G Erickson, MA Eilert, R TI Treatment of adolescent hallux valgus with the first metatarsal double osteotomy SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ORTHOPAEDICS LA English DT Article DE double osteotomy; adolescent; hallux valgus; severe ID SURGICAL-TREATMENT; SURGERY AB The 1(st) metatarsal double osteotomy is described as an effective procedure for the treatment of severe adolescent hallux valgus (AHV) with low recurrence and complication rates. No study to date has evaluated the functional clinical outcome after 1(st) metatarsal double osteotomy. The purpose of this paper is to report the results at our institution in the treatment of severe AHV with Is' metatarsal double osteotomy. We performed a review of all patients (N = 9, 14 feet) treated at our institution with 1(st) metatarsal double osteotomy. We reviewed pre- and postoperative hallux valgus (HVA), 1(st)-2(nd) intermetatarsal (IMA), and distal metatarsal articular angles (DMAA) and calculated the average angular correction. Functional outcome was measured via the AOFAS Hallux Metatarsophalangeal-Interphalangeal (HMI) scale as well as the duPont Bunion Rating Score (BRS). The average patient was 15 years old at the time of surgery with an average of 27 months follow-up. The mean angular correction was 21.54degrees, 9.25degrees, and 6.21degrees for HVA, IMA, and DMAA, respectively. Ninety percent of the patients reported good to excellent results. We had 2 complications for an overall rate of 14%. The 1(st) metatarsal double osteotomy is an effective and reliable technique for treatment of severe adolescent hallux valgus. Stiffness of the Is' MTPJ is the major determinant of patient satisfaction. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE SDR, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Childrens Hosp, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Denver, CO 80218 USA. RP Johnson, AE (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE SDR, Orthopaed Surg Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,Bldg 3600, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Anthony.E.Johnson@us.army.mil OI Johnson, Anthony/0000-0002-0506-0059 NR 12 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0271-6798 J9 J PEDIATR ORTHOPED JI J. Pediatr. Orthop. PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 24 IS 4 BP 358 EP 362 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Pediatrics SC Orthopedics; Pediatrics GA 834MA UT WOS:000222414000003 PM 15205615 ER PT J AU Rivin, D Meermeier, G Schneider, NS Vishnyakov, A Neimark, AV AF Rivin, D Meermeier, G Schneider, NS Vishnyakov, A Neimark, AV TI Simultaneous transport of water and organic molecules through polyelectrolyte membranes SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SWOLLEN PERFLUOROSULFONATE IONOMER; NAFION MEMBRANES; DYNAMICS SIMULATION; BEHAVIOR; METHANOL; MICROSTRUCTURE; SOLVATION; DENSITIES; FILMS; NMR AB Polyelectrolyte membranes (PEM) such as Nafion (Du Pont) used as compartment separators in fuel cells and other electro-chemical applications are also of interest as permselective diffusion barriers in protective fabrics. By means of sorption and permeation experiments in conjunction with molecular dynamics simulations, we explore the permeability of Nafion membrane to water and hydrophilic solvents such as 1-propanol and dimethyl methylphosphonate, focusing on the relationship between polymer structure, solvation, and solvent diffusion. It is shown that the composition of the solvent strongly affects the membrane permeability, which cannot be predicted purely from permeability measurements with pure components. This effect is related to a complex microphase segregation in the membranes swollen in aqueous solutions of polar solvents. The results obtained demonstrate possible mechanisms of the diffusion of alcohols and alkyl-phosphonates in hydrated ionomer membranes and reveal properties controlling the utilization of PEM for protective fabrics. C1 USA, RDECOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Rivin, D (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Donald.Rivin@us.army.mil; aneimark@triprinceton.org RI Vishnyakov, Aleksey/K-2753-2012 NR 25 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 26 BP 8900 EP 8909 DI 10.1021/jp037448h PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 832PJ UT WOS:000222279100024 ER PT J AU Ressler, SJ Welch, RW Meyer, KF AF Ressler, SJ Welch, RW Meyer, KF TI Organizing and delivering classroom instruction SO JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Ressler, SJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1052-3928 J9 J PROF ISS ENG ED PR JI J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 130 IS 3 BP 153 EP 156 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1052-3928(2004)130:3(153) PG 4 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA 832EE UT WOS:000222249200001 ER PT J AU Butkus, MA Kelley, MB AF Butkus, MA Kelley, MB TI Approach for integrating professional practice issues into undergraduate environmental engineering design projects SO JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE engineering education; design; curricula; professional practice; undergraduate study AB According to C. L. Dym and P. Little, the complete design process includes identifying a need or problem, recognizing constraints, identifying and developing courses of action, testing potential courses of action, selecting optimum courses of action, preparing the documents required for the design, managing the overall process, communicating the design, construction, and testing. We have addressed these design considerations by linking design projects in our introductory physicochemical treatment processes course (EV401, taken by second-semester juniors) and our senior capstone design course (EV490, taken by second-semester seniors). The process developed and implemented addresses the integration of professional practice into design inexperience. We require our cadet students to communicate with their customers, an illustrator, and tradesmen, three forms of communication that are necessarily quite different from traditional student-professor exchanges. Also, students must design under constraints, this time not because of the closed nature of the project but rather because of "real world" resource constraints: time to complete the project, a limited budget to purchase materials and labor, availability of materials, ease of construction, and balancing competing projects (in other courses). The first attempt at implementing this engineering design learning model occurred during the spring of 2001 in EV401. Herein we assess the design and construction of one of two projects, oriented toward modification of a surface-water treatment plant model. Results suggest that iterative growth can occur and a more complete appreciation of the design process can result. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Norwich Univ, Off Commandant, Northfield, VT 05663 USA. RP Butkus, MA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM bm8375@usma.edu NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1052-3928 J9 J PROF ISS ENG ED PR JI J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 130 IS 3 BP 166 EP 172 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1052-3928(2004)130:3(166) PG 7 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA 832EE UT WOS:000222249200004 ER PT J AU Ekstrand, JR O'Malley, PG Labutta, RJ Jackson, JL AF Ekstrand, JR O'Malley, PG Labutta, RJ Jackson, JL TI The presence of psychiatric disorders reduces the likelihood of neurologic disease among referrals to a neurology clinic SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOMATIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE anxiety; depression; neurology; psychiatric disorders; referrals; somatization ID MEDICALLY UNEXPLAINED SYMPTOMS; PRIMARY-CARE; MENTAL-DISORDERS; GENERAL-PRACTITIONERS; SOMATOFORM DISORDERS; ANXIETY DISORDERS; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; YOUNG-ADULTS; FOLLOW-UP; PRIME-MD AB Objectives: This study aims to explore the prevalence and impact of psychiatric disorders on the likelihood of an organic, neurological explanation for symptoms among neurology referrals. Methods: Consecutive new adult neurology referrals were screened for psychiatric disorders (PRIME-MD) prior to evaluation by neurologists, blinded to these results. Diagnoses were stratified into three categories: no neurological diagnosis, neurological-headache, and neurological-nonheadache. Results: Of 235 patients enrolled, 79 (34%) received no neurological diagnosis, 54 (23%) headache and 102 (43%) a neurological diagnosis. Overall, 39% had an underlying psychiatric disorder. Patients with psychiatric disorders were less likely to have a neurological diagnosis (RR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.48-0.90): 25% of patients with a neurological diagnosis had an underlying psychiatric disorder, compared to 43% among those with no diagnosis and 57% among those with headaches. Conclusion: Psychiatric disorders are common among neurology referrals, particularly those with headaches and are associated with a decreased likelihood of an underlying neurological process. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Ekstrand, JR (reprint author), USA, MEDDAC, DCCS, 126 Missouri Ave, Ft Leonard Wood, MO 65473 USA. EM john.ekstrand@cen.amedd.army.mil NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-3999 J9 J PSYCHOSOM RES JI J. Psychosomat. Res. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 57 IS 1 BP 11 EP 16 DI 10.1016/S0022-3999(03)00564-6 PG 6 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 842SL UT WOS:000223024300003 PM 15256290 ER PT J AU Dusenbury, JS Cannon, FS AF Dusenbury, JS Cannon, FS TI Effect of advanced oxidants generated via ultraviolet light on a sequentially loaded and regenerated granular activated carbon biofilter SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID NORMALIZED LOADING CURVES; AIR-POLLUTION CONTROL; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; SIMPLIFIED DESIGN; BIOFILTRATION; ADSORPTION; REMOVAL; VAPORS; MODEL; OZONE AB The objective of this research was to investigate a sequentially loaded and regenerated granular activated carbon (GAC) biofilter system and to determine whether regenerative ozonation/advanced oxidation could improve the removal and biodegradation of a volatile organic compound from a contaminated airstream. Bench-scale reactors were constructed to operate in a manner analogous to a commercially available system manufactured by Terr-Aqua Environmental Systems (only with longer contact time). The GAC system consisted of two GAC biofilter beds that operated in a cyclical manner. On a given day, the first GAC bed adsorbed methyl isobutyl ketone from a simulated waste airstream, while the second bed underwent regeneration; then on the next day, the second bed was in the adsorption mode while the first was regenerated. Three bench-scale systems were used to compare the performance under three operating conditions: (1) ozone/ associated oxidant regeneration of a GAC biofilter system that was seeded with microorganisms from a field site, (2) a humid air regeneration of a seeded GAC biofilter, and (3) a humid air regeneration of an unseeded GAC biofilter. For the advanced oxidant regenerated GAC biofilter, a maximum removal efficiency of >95% was achieved with an empty bed contact time of 148 sec and an influent concentration of 125 ppm methyl isobutyl ketone, and 90-95% was achieved at 148-sec empty bed contact time and a 1150-ppm influent. C1 USA, Tank Automot Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Petr & Water Business Area, TACOM, Warren, MI USA. RP Cannon, FS (reprint author), Penn State Univ, 212 Sackett Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 54 IS 7 BP 871 EP 889 PG 19 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 835VM UT WOS:000222513600013 PM 15303300 ER PT J AU Rogul, M AF Rogul, M TI Pemphigus: Hard to diagnose and treat SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Inst Review Board, Rockville, MD USA. RP Rogul, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Inst Review Board, Rockville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 51 IS 1 SU S BP S21 EP S22 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2004.02.006 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 836YP UT WOS:000222592800013 PM 15243496 ER PT J AU Yeo, H Bousman, WG Johnson, W AF Yeo, H Bousman, WG Johnson, W TI Performance analysis of a utility helicopter with standard and advanced rotors SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT American-Helicopter-Society-Aerodynamics-Acoustics-and Test and Evaluation Technical Specialists Meeting CY JAN 23-25, 2002 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Helicopter Soc Aerodynam Acoust AB Flight test measurements of the performance of the UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter with both standard and advanced rotors are compared with calculations obtained using the comprehensive helicopter analysis CAMRAD II. In general, the calculated power coefficient shows good agreement with the flight test data. However, the accuracy of the calculation degrades at high gross weight for all of the configurations. The analysis shows fair to good correlation for collective and longitudinal cyclic angles and pitch attitude, and poor to fair correlation for the lateral trim quantities (lateral cyclic angle and roll attitude). The increased solidity of the wide chord blade appears to be a dominant factor in the performance improvement at high gross weight by reducing blade loading and thus delaying stall. C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Raytheon ITSS, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. USA, Rotorcraft Div, Aeroflightdynam Directorate, AMRDEC,Aviat & Missile Command,Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. RP Yeo, H (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Raytheon ITSS, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 11 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 49 IS 3 BP 250 EP 270 PG 21 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 844EJ UT WOS:000223139900003 ER PT J AU Lusardi, JA Tischler, MB Blanken, CL Labows, SJ AF Lusardi, JA Tischler, MB Blanken, CL Labows, SJ TI Empirically derived helicopter response model and control system requirements for flight in turbulence SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Forum of the American-Helicopter-Society CY MAY 02-04, 2000 CL VIRGINIA BEACH, VA SP Amer Helicopter Soc AB Flight test data from a UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter in turbulent conditions were used to determine control system disturbance rejection criteria and to develop a low speed turbulence model for helicopter simulation. A system identification approach to modeling the aircraft response to turbulence was used to extract representative control inputs that accurately replicate the aircraft response to disturbances. Parametric turbulence models that have a Dryden-type form and are scalable for varying levels of turbulence were developed. Estimates of flight control bandwidth for precision hover in turbulence were determined to support disturbance rejection flight control design and handling qualities criteria. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Rotorcraft Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Lusardi, JA (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Rotorcraft Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 18 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 49 IS 3 BP 340 EP 349 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 844EJ UT WOS:000223139900009 ER PT J AU Corfeld, KJ Strawn, RC Long, LN AF Corfeld, KJ Strawn, RC Long, LN TI Computational aerodynamics analysis of a martian rotorcraft SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB This paper presents Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes calculations for a prototype Martian rotorcraft. These computational simulations present a new and challenging problem, since rotors that operate on Mars will experience a unique low Reynolds number and high Mach number environment. Computed results for the three-dimensional (3-D) rotor differ substantially from two-dimensional (2-D) sectional computations in that the 3-D results exhibit a stall delay phenomenon caused by rotational forces and 3-D effects along the blade span. Computational results have yet to be compared to experimental data, but computed performance predictions match the experimental design goals fairly well and are compared to 2-D results. In addition, the computed results provide a high level of detail in the rotor wake and blade surface aerodynamics. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, Rotorcraft Div, Aviat & Missile Command, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Corfeld, KJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 49 IS 3 BP 350 EP 356 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 844EJ UT WOS:000223139900010 ER PT J AU Freeman, RB Harr, ME AF Freeman, RB Harr, ME TI Stress predictions for flexible pavement systems SO JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE flexible pavements; stress analysis; earth pressures; particular media; elastic media AB The present study proposes a method for predicting stresses in pavements under vehicular loadings. The proposed method characterizes each pavement layer by a coefficient of lateral stress, which is similar to the commonly used coefficient of lateral earth pressure (K). Stress predictions found by the proposed method are compared with stress predictions calculated by conventional linear elastic techniques. Each conventional solution is shown to represent a special case of the more global proposed solution. Several instrumented test sections are explored to determine coefficients of lateral stress for common paving materials. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Ctr Res & Dev, Geotech & Struct Lab,Airfields & Pavements Branch, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Freeman, RB (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Ctr Res & Dev, Geotech & Struct Lab,Airfields & Pavements Branch, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM reed.b.freeman@erdc.usace.army.mil; MEHARR@aol.com NR 16 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-947X J9 J TRANSP ENG-ASCE JI J. Transp. Eng.-ASCE PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 130 IS 4 BP 495 EP 502 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2004)130:4(495) PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 832EI UT WOS:000222249600010 ER PT J AU Noller, MW Baughman, SM Morey, AF Auge, BK AF Noller, MW Baughman, SM Morey, AF Auge, BK TI Fibrin sealant enables tubeless percutaneous stone surgery SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE kidney; kidney calculi; fibrin tissue adhesive; nephrostomy; percutaneous ID RENAL SURGERY; NEPHROLITHOTOMY; COMPLICATIONS; ADHESIVE; GLUE AB Purpose: Fibrin sealant has been demonstrated to be safe and effective as a hemostatic agent and urinary tract sealant. We assessed the ability of fibrin sealant to facilitate tubeless management after uncomplicated percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Materials and Methods: Eight consecutive patients underwent single access tubeless PCNL for renal calculi in a total of 9 renal units in a 2-month period. An additional patient with distal ureteral obstruction underwent antegrade ureteroscopy for an 8 X 8 mm distal ureteral stone. Average patient age was 47 years and mean stone size was 3.37 cm(2) (range 0.64 to 9.90). Following complete stone clearance a Double-J (Medical Engineering Corp., New York, New York) ureteral stent was placed antegrade and 2 cc HEMASEEL APR (Haemacure Corp., Sarasota, Florida) fibrin sealant was injected under nephroscopic or fluoroscopic visualization into the parenchymal defect just within the renal capsule. Preoperative and postoperative hematocrit (HCT) was determined. Computerized tomography was performed on postoperative day 1 or 2 to evaluate retained stone fragments, perinephric fluid and urinary extravasation. Results: In the 10 renal units treated via this tubeless technique no intraoperative or postoperative complications were noted. Average hospital stay was 1.1 days. All patients were discharged home on postoperative day 1 except 1 undergoing asynchronous bilateral PCNL on consecutive days. The mean intraoperative change in HCT was 2.8%. There was no significant change in HCT on postoperative day 1. No patient required transfusion. Seven renal units and 1 ureteral unit had no residual stone fragments for a complete stone-free rate of 80%. No gross leakage was observed on dressings and postoperative computerized tomography failed to demonstrate urinary extravasation. Conclusions: Tubeless PCNL using fibrin sealant at the renal parenchymal defect appears to be safe and feasible. Further experience is necessary to determine the role of fibrin sealant in percutaneous renal surgery. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Auge, BK (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Bldg 3,Suite 200,34730 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM bkauge@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 12 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 172 IS 1 BP 166 EP 169 DI 10.1097/01.ju.0000129211.71193.28 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 830IN UT WOS:000222115700038 PM 15201763 ER PT J AU Santucci, RA McAninch, JW Mario, LA Rajpurkar, A Chopra, AK Miller, KS Armenakas, NA Tieng, EB Morey, AF AF Santucci, RA McAninch, JW Mario, LA Rajpurkar, A Chopra, AK Miller, KS Armenakas, NA Tieng, EB Morey, AF TI Urethroplasty in patients older than 65 years: Indications, results, outcomes and suggested treatment modifications SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE urethral stricture; geriatrics; treatment outcome ID ANTERIOR URETHRAL STRICTURES; INTERNAL URETHROTOMY; OPERATIONS AB Purpose: Despite an aging population, the results of urethroplasty in elderly patients have not been extensively reported. We performed a multi-institutional review of urethroplasty results in 70 elderly males to determine outcomes. Materials and Methods: We reviewed all urethroplasties performed on males older than 64 years with at least 6 months of followup at 4 medical centers. Stricture type varied and included anastomotic urethroplasty (44%), penile fasciocutaneous onlay flap (31%), Johanson urethroplasty (stage 1, 6%, stages 1 and 2, 4%), buccal mucosa grafts (7%), foreskin grafts (6%) and meatoplasty (1%). Results: Stricture recurred in 11 (16%) patients, but was managed with a single direct visual internal urethrotomy or dilation in 5 of 11 patients, yielding a final success rate of 91%. Recurrent strictures were more common after fasciocutaneous flaps (7 of 22 cases, 32%) than end-to-end urethroplasty (2 of 31 cases, 6%, p <0.05). Compared to patients younger than 65 years there were more treatment failures, but this was not statistically significant. Perioperative complications were uncommon. Moderate bladder outlet obstructive symptoms developed in 3 patients due to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Notably 6 patients treated previously for postradiation strictures did well without complications. Conclusions: Older men tolerate urethroplasty and these data indicate that therapy should not be withheld solely on the basis of age. The potential for impaired flap blood supply in this population is suggested but has not been proven. Benign prostatic hyperplasia must be considered in those patients who have decreased stream after stricture repair. C1 Detroit Receiving Hosp & Univ Hlth Ctr, Detroit, MI USA. Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Urol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Weill Cornell Med Sch, New York, NY USA. Lenox Hill Hosp, New York, NY 10021 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Santucci, RA (reprint author), 4160 John R,Suite 1017, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. EM rsantucc@med.wayne.edu OI Santucci, Richard/0000-0001-5603-3969 NR 10 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 172 IS 1 BP 201 EP 203 DI 10.1097/01.ju.0000128810.86535.be PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 830IN UT WOS:000222115700048 PM 15201773 ER PT J AU Shah, PB Nichols, BM Derenge, MD Jones, KA AF Shah, PB Nichols, BM Derenge, MD Jones, KA TI Sub-100 nm radius of curvature wide-band gap III-nitride vacuum microelectronic field emitter structures created by inductively coupled plasma etching SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 50th AVS International Symposium CY NOV 02-07, 2003 CL Baltimore, MD SP AVS ID ELECTRON-AFFINITY; INDUCED DAMAGE; ALN; EMISSION; SURFACES; EPITAXY; ARRAYS; INN AB A parametric investigation on the ability to use dry etching to form conical field emitter type structures in AlN and GaN was conducted using an inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etcher. Etched structures viewed with a scanning electron microscope demonstrate that an array of conical and wedge shaped structures, both with tip radius of curvatures less than 100 nm, can be manufactured by etching AlN and GaN using a photoresist mask. The etch gases investigated include Cl-2, BCl3, SF6, HBr, and Ar. We also discuss the etch rates and sidewall profiles that result from using higher gas flows (up to 45 sccm) and higher discharge pressures (up to 24 mTorr) than previously reported in the literature. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE RL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Shah, PB (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE RL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM pshah@arl.army.mil NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 22 IS 4 BP 1847 EP 1851 DI 10.1116/1.1690256 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 846NI UT WOS:000223322000133 ER PT J AU Fleming, L Ulrich, MD Efimenko, K Genzer, J Chan, ASY Madey, TE Oh, SJ Zhou, O Rowe, JE AF Fleming, L Ulrich, MD Efimenko, K Genzer, J Chan, ASY Madey, TE Oh, SJ Zhou, O Rowe, JE TI Near-edge absorption fine structure and UV photoemission spectroscopy studies of aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes on Si(100) substrates SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st Annual Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Semiconductor Interfaces (PCSI-31) CY JAN 18-22, 2004 CL Kailua, HI SP Off Naval Res, Army Res Off, AVS, Elect Mat & Proc Div ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; GRAPHITE AB We report near-edge absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) and UV photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) studies of aligned single-walled carbon nanotube films on Si(100) substrates. Orientation of the films was detected in the NEXAFS spectra, with the intensity of the pi* core exciton at 284.4 eV showing a strong dependence on nanotube alignment with respect to the polarization of the incident radiation. At lower angles of incidence, the intensity of the pi* peak was higher for all orientations, which we attribute to the greater accessibility of the pi* orbitals. UPS spectra of the films showed little angular dependence and included features consistent with the total density of states of graphite. As a result of the nanotube curvature and the distribution-of nanotube chiralities, the UPS spectra are similar to angle-integrated graphite spectra. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Phys, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Surface Modificat Lab, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Appl & Mat Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Fleming, L (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM lbflemin@unity.ncsu.edu NR 15 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 9 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 22 IS 4 BP 2000 EP 2004 DI 10.1116/1.1775190 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 854TD UT WOS:000223925300063 ER PT J AU Birrenkott, AH Wilde, SB Hains, JJ Fischer, JR Murphy, TM Hope, CP Parnell, PG Bowerman, WW AF Birrenkott, AH Wilde, SB Hains, JJ Fischer, JR Murphy, TM Hope, CP Parnell, PG Bowerman, WW TI Establishing a food-chain link between aquatic plant material and avian vacuolar myelinopathy in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE avian vacuolar myelinopathy; bald eagle; brain lesion; cyanobacteria; hydrilla; mallard ID AMERICAN COOTS AB Avian vacuolar myelinopathy (AVM) is a neurologic disease primarily affecting bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and American coots (Fulica americana). The disease was first characterized in bald eagles in Arkansas in 1.994 and then in American coots in 1996. To date, AVM has been confirmed in six additional avian species. Attempts to identify the etiology of AVM have been unsuccessful to date. The objective of this study was to evaluate dermal and oral routes of exposure of birds to hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata) and associated materials to evaluate their ability to induce AVM. Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were used in all trials; bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) also were used in one fresh hydrilla material exposure trial. Five trials were conducted, including two fresh hydrilla material exposure trials, two cyanobacteria exposure trials, and a frozen hydrilla material exposure trial. The cyanobacteria exposure trials and frozen hydrilla material trial involved gavaging mallards with either Pscudanabaena catenata (live culture), Hapalosiphon fontinalis, or frozen hydrilla material with both cyanobacteria species present. with the exception of one fresh hydrilla exposure trial, results were negative or inconclusive. In the 2002 hydrilla material exposure trial, six of nine treated ducks had histologic lesions of AVM. This established the first cause-effect link between aquatic vegetation and AVM and provided evidence supporting an aquatic source for the C Msal agent. C1 Clemson Univ, Grad Program Environm Toxicol, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Univ S Carolina, Baruch Inst, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. S Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Marine Resources Div, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. USA Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39183 USA. Clemson Univ, Dept Sci Biol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA. S Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Green Pond, SC 29446 USA. Clemson Univ, Clemson Vet Diagnost Ctr, Columbia, SC 29224 USA. RP Bowerman, WW (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Grad Program Environm Toxicol, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM wbowerm@clemson.edu NR 14 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 5 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 40 IS 3 BP 485 EP 492 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 856IA UT WOS:000224037700014 PM 15465716 ER PT J AU Metz, E Bonekemper, EH AF Metz, E Bonekemper, EH TI A victor, not a butcher: Ulysses S Grant's overlooked military genius SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, CGSC, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Metz, E (reprint author), USA, CGSC, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 129 IS 12 BP 96 EP 96 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 836RH UT WOS:000222572800249 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI The fallen: A true story of American POWs and Japanese wartime atrocities SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Blountstown, FL USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 129 IS 12 BP 98 EP 98 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 836RH UT WOS:000222572800259 ER PT J AU Meister, J Balaraman, V Ramirez, M Uyehara, CFT Killeen, J Ku, T Person, D Easa, D AF Meister, J Balaraman, V Ramirez, M Uyehara, CFT Killeen, J Ku, T Person, D Easa, D TI Lavage administration of dilute surfactant in a piglet model of meconium aspiration SO LUNG LA English DT Article DE drug administration technique; lung injury ID EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE-OXYGENATION; SEVERE RESPIRATORY-FAILURE; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; EXOGENOUS SURFACTANT; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE; DISTRESS-SYNDROME; THERAPY; IMPROVES; RATS; REPLACEMENT AB Maldistribution of exogenous surfactant may preclude any clinical response in acute lung injury associated with surfactant dysfunction. Our previous studies have shown the effectiveness of surfactant lavage after homogenous lung injury. The present study utilizes a histologically confirmed non-homogeneous lung injury model induced by saline lung-lavage followed by meconium injected into a mainstem bronchus. Piglets were then treated with Infasurf(R) or Exosurf(R) by lavage (I-LAVAGE, n=7; E-LAVAGE, n=5) or bolus (I-BOLUS, n=8; E-BOLUS, n=5), or went untreated (CONTROL, n=4). Lavage administration utilized a dilute surfactant (35 ml/kg; 4 mg phospholipid/ml) instilled into the lung, followed by gravity drainage. The retained doses of the respective surfactant in the lavage and bolus groups were similar. Results showed that the surfactant distribution was more uniform in the lavage groups compared to the bolus groups. Significant and consistent increases in PaO2 were observed in the lavage groups compared to the bolus groups and the controls. PaO2 (mmHg) at 240 min posttreatment: I-LAVAGE 297+/-54, E-LAVAGE=280+/-57; I-BOLUS=139+/-31; E-BOLUS 152+/-29; C=119+/-73 (mean+/-SEM). Other improved pulmonary function parameters favored lavage administration. We conclude that better surfactant distribution achieved by lavage administration can be more effective than bolus administration in this type of non-homogeneous lung injury. C1 Univ Hawaii, Clin Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA. Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA. Kapiolani Med Ctr Women & Children, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, TAMC, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA. Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA. RP Balaraman, V (reprint author), 1319 Punahou St,Room 750, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA. EM VBalaraman@kapiolani.org FU NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR011091, P20 RR011091-10, P20 RR/AI 11091, P20 RR011091-11, U54 RR014607-05] NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0341-2040 J9 LUNG JI Lung PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 182 IS 4 BP 227 EP 240 DI 10.1007/s00408-004-2505-4 PG 14 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 859FO UT WOS:000224249000003 PM 15636195 ER PT J AU Fredette, TJ French, GT AF Fredette, TJ French, GT TI Understanding the physical and environmental consequences of dredged material disposal: history in New England and current perspectives SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE dredged material; environmental assessment; monitoring; management; New England ID IMPACT; CAMERA AB Thirty-five years of research in New England indicates that ocean disposal of dredged material has minimal environmental impacts when carefully managed. This paper summarizes research efforts and resulting conclusions by the US Army Corps of Engineers, New England District, beginning with the Scientific Report Series and continuing with the Disposal Area Monitoring System (DAMOS). Using a tiered approach to monitoring and a wide range of tools, the DAMOS program has monitored short- and long-term physical and biological effects of disposal at designated disposal sites throughout New England waters. The DAMOS program has also helped develop new techniques for safe ocean disposal of contaminated sediments, including capping and confined aquatic disposal (CAD) cells. Monitoring conducted at many sites in New England and around the world has shown that impacts are typically near-field and short-term. Findings such as these need to be disseminated to the general public, whose perception of dredged material disposal is generally negative and is not strongly rooted in current science. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Concord, MA 01742 USA. RP USA, Corps Engineers, New England Dist,696 Virginia Rd, Concord, MA 01742 USA. EM thomas.j.fredette@usace.army.mil; gail.t.french@usace.army.mil NR 77 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 49 IS 1-2 BP 93 EP 102 DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2004.01.014 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 841OK UT WOS:000222939800022 PM 15234878 ER PT J AU Arora, R Lettieri, C Claybaugh, JR AF Arora, R Lettieri, C Claybaugh, JR TI The effects of residency on physical fitness among military physicians SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; PERFORMANCE AB Purpose: Demands of medical residency training would be expected to result in physical deconditioning. This study determined the effects of residency on physical fitness. Methods: A prospective cohort study of the change in physical conditioning during residency using the Army Physical Fitness Test as a standardized measure of fitness was conducted. Ninety-four active duty U.S. Army physicians were followed during their medical residency training from July 1999 to June 2002. Army Physical Fitness Test results from interval tests performed throughout residency were compared to baseline results at matriculation. Changes in total score, number of push-ups and sit-ups completed in 2 minutes, 2-mile run time, and weight were recorded. Correlations between initial and final scores were evaluated. Results: All measured parameters worsened with statistical significance noted in the weight (p < 0.01), push-ups (p < 0.05), and 2-mile run (p < 0.01). Statistically significant negative correlations between initial and subsequent tests were noted in push-ups (p = 0.004), sit-ups (p = 0.0003), and total score (p = 0.0192). Conclusions: Physical fitness declines during medical residency training. This effect is most notable in residents with higher levels of fitness at the start of medical education. Further studies are necessary to evaluate for a similar decline among civilian residents. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Arora, R (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 169 IS 7 BP 522 EP 525 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IY UT WOS:000235830000009 PM 15291183 ER PT J AU Thomas, JL Adler, AB Wittels, P Enne, R Johannes, B AF Thomas, JL Adler, AB Wittels, P Enne, R Johannes, B TI Comparing elite soldiers' perceptions of psychological and physical demands during military training SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AEROBIC FITNESS; JOB STRESSORS; HEALTH; EXERCISE; PERFORMANCE; REACTIVITY; OUTCOMES; MEN AB This research examined the impact of psychological and physical demands on a group of elite soldiers (N = 9) before, during, and after training exercises involving routine and unrehearsed tasks. Based on the psychological concept of toughening, we expected soldier responses to unrehearsed demands to be less resilient than to routine training demands. As hypothesized, soldiers rated their perceptions of physical and psychological demands higher during the unrehearsed training phase of the study. It was also hypothesized that soldiers would recover more from physical demands than from psychological demands after the training exercise. Although a trend in the data marginally supported this hypothesis, a note of caution is warranted because of the small sample size. Limitations and implications of the study are discussed, with particular emphasis on the dual importance of psychological and physical training in preparing soldiers for mission demands. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, USA, Med Res Unit Europe, Heidelberg, Germany. Army Hosp, Austrian Army, Res Study Grp Phys Performance, Vienna, Austria. Free Univ Berlin, D-1000 Berlin, Germany. RP Thomas, JL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, USA, Med Res Unit Europe, Heidelberg, Germany. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 169 IS 7 BP 526 EP 530 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IY UT WOS:000235830000010 PM 15291184 ER PT J AU Britt, TW Davison, J Bliese, PD Castro, CA AF Britt, TW Davison, J Bliese, PD Castro, CA TI How leaders can influence the impact that stressors have on soldiers SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID GROUP CONSENSUS; SOCIAL SUPPORT; MULTILEVEL; EFFICACY; HEALTH; FIELD; SELF; WELL AB The present review addresses the importance of leader behaviors in influencing the extent to which various stressors soldiers experience (e.g., high workload and lack of sleep) are related to different types of strains (e.g., psychological health, poor job satisfaction, and low morale). Research conducted by the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR) in the area of leadership is reviewed. Researchers at the WRAIR have examined the role of leadership as a predictor of stress, as a buffer against the negative effects of stress, and as a variable that predicts or enables variables that have been found to decrease the adverse effects of stress (e.g., role clarity, self-efficacy, and job engagement). A key strength of the WRAIR program of research is the use of multilevel modeling to examine how perceptions of leadership at the unit level are related to unit and individual soldier well-being and motivation. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Psychol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USA, Med Res Unit Europe, CMR 442, APO, AE 09042 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Britt, TW (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Psychol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RI Dopko, Rae/J-7437-2015 NR 25 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 9 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 169 IS 7 BP 541 EP 545 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IY UT WOS:000235830000013 PM 15291187 ER PT J AU Hauret, KG Knapik, JJ Lange, JL Heckel, HA Coval, DL Duplessis, DH AF Hauret, KG Knapik, JJ Lange, JL Heckel, HA Coval, DL Duplessis, DH TI Outcomes of Fort Jackson's Physical Training and Rehabilitation Program in army basic combat training: Return to training, graduation, and 2-year retention SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY MAY 28-JUN 01, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP Amer Coll Sports Med ID INJURY RATES; SEXUAL ABUSE; ATTRITION AB Basic trainees at Fort Jackson, South Carolina, who were unable to continue basic combat training (BCT) because of a serious injury were assigned to the Physical Training and Rehabilitation Program (PTRP). Between January 3, 1998 and July 24, 2001, 4,258 trainees were assigned to the PTRP. Using a retrospective cohort study design, return to training and BCT graduation rates were evaluated. PTRP graduates were compared with matched non-PTRP graduates for 2-year retention in the Army. More PTRP women than men were discharged from the PTRP (60% and 48%, respectively, p < 0.01). Of PTRP trainees returning to BCT, 10% and 12% of men and women, respectively, were discharged from the Army compared with overall Fort Jackson discharge rates of 9% and 15% for men and women, respectively. Comparing PTRP graduates to matched non-PTRP graduates, there were no differences in 2-year retention for men (14.9% and 14.7%, respectively; p = 0.93) or women (26.6% and 30.1%, respectively; p = 0.19). Despite the high discharge rate in the PTRP, the BCT discharge rate for trainees who successfully rehabilitated was similar to the overall discharge rate at Fort Jackson. The 2-year retention in service for PTRP trainees who graduated from BCT was similar to that of non-PTRP trainees. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Womack Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC 28301 USA. 46th Adjutant Gen Battalion, B Co, Ft Knox, KY 40121 USA. RP Hauret, KG (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 169 IS 7 BP 562 EP 567 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IY UT WOS:000235830000018 PM 15291192 ER PT J AU Hartzell, JD Roy, MJ AF Hartzell, JD Roy, MJ TI Fatigue, sore throat, and cough in a 24-year-old active duty man SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID APPROPRIATE ANTIBIOTIC USE; STREPTOCOCCAL PHARYNGITIS; ADULTS; PRINCIPLES AB A 24-year-old active duty male smoker presented with 3 days of fatigue, rhinorrhea, and sore throat. The diagnosis and management of pharyngitis, including a field friendly approach, are reviewed. The impact of the discontinuation of the adenovirus vaccine to military recruits is highlighted. The effects of smoking among military personnel are discussed, and smoking cessation measures are reviewed. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hartzell, JD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 169 IS 7 BP 570 EP 573 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IY UT WOS:000235830000020 PM 15291194 ER PT J AU Jones, KF Ramsay, AC Lott, JN AF Jones, KF Ramsay, AC Lott, JN TI Icing severity in the December 2002 freezing-rain storm from ASOS data SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID ICE STORM AB The ice storm of 3-5 December 2002 affected the southern United States from Oklahoma to Virginia. The weight of ice on trees and power lines caused power outages lasting more than a week in some areas. The total precipitation across this region is mapped using data from both Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) hourly reporting stations and National Weather Service cooperative daily reporting stations. The storm severity is quantified in terms of the equivalent uniform radial ice thickness using data from ASOS weather stations. Estimates of the radial ice thickness are determined by using an algorithm based on a relationship between the frequency drop of the ASOS icing sensor and the measured mass of ice on a horizontal cylinder and by using the hourly aviation weather reports (METAR) in ice accretion models. These estimates are compared and anomalies in the data and anticipated improvements to the ASOS sensors and software are discussed. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Sterling, VA USA. Natl Climat Ctr, Asheville, NC USA. RP Jones, KF (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM kathleen.f.jones@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 22 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 132 IS 7 BP 1630 EP 1644 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(2004)132<1630:ISITDF>2.0.CO;2 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 837CA UT WOS:000222602900006 ER PT J AU Adams, JT Coleman, MS AF Adams, JT Coleman, MS TI Concept formation as measured by the Yacorzynski-Cox concept formation test (YCCFT) as a predictor of group membership SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 9th International Conference on Alzheimers Disease and Related Disorders CY JUL 17-22, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Alzheimers Assoc C1 US Army Hosp, Heidelberg, AE USA. Univ Maryland, Heidelberg, AE USA. EM psycoleman@aol.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD JUL PY 2004 VL 25 SU 2 BP S122 EP S122 DI 10.1016/S0197-4580(04)80409-3 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 843EK UT WOS:000223058700407 ER PT J AU Hoge, CW Castro, CA Messer, SC McGurk, D Cotting, DI Koffman, RL AF Hoge, CW Castro, CA Messer, SC McGurk, D Cotting, DI Koffman, RL TI Combat duty in Iraq and Afghanistan, mental health problems, and barriers to care SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; NATIONAL-COMORBIDITY-SURVEY; GULF-WAR VETERANS; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; UNITED-STATES; VIETNAM VETERANS; PREVALENCE; POPULATION; LIFETIME; ILLNESS AB Background: The current combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan have involved U.S. military personnel in major ground combat and hazardous security duty. Studies are needed to systematically assess the mental health of members of the armed services who have participated in these operations and to inform policy with regard to the optimal delivery of mental health care to returning veterans. Methods: We studied members of four U.S. combat infantry units (three Army units and one Marine Corps unit) using an anonymous survey that was administered to the subjects either before their deployment to Iraq (n=2530) or three to four months after their return from combat duty in Iraq or Afghanistan (n=3671). The outcomes included major depression, generalized anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which were evaluated on the basis of standardized, self-administered screening instruments. Results: Exposure to combat was significantly greater among those who were deployed to Iraq than among those deployed to Afghanistan. The percentage of study subjects whose responses met the screening criteria for major depression, generalized anxiety, or PTSD was significantly higher after duty in Iraq (15.6 to 17.1 percent) than after duty in Afghanistan (11.2 percent) or before deployment to Iraq (9.3 percent); the largest difference was in the rate of PTSD. Of those whose responses were positive for a mental disorder, only 23 to 40 percent sought mental health care. Those whose responses were positive for a mental disorder were twice as likely as those whose responses were negative to report concern about possible stigmatization and other barriers to seeking mental health care. Conclusions: This study provides an initial look at the mental health of members of the Army and the Marine Corps who were involved in combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. Our findings indicate that among the study groups there was a significant risk of mental health problems and that the subjects reported important barriers to receiving mental health services, particularly the perception of stigma among those most in need of such care. C1 USA, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Med Res & Mat Command, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. First Naval Construct Div, Norfolk, VA USA. RP Hoge, CW (reprint author), USA, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Med Res & Mat Command, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM charles.hoge@na.amedd.army.mil RI Winstein, Carolee/A-8375-2008 NR 33 TC 2127 Z9 2150 U1 62 U2 270 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 351 IS 1 BP 13 EP 22 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa040603 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 833QC UT WOS:000222352200005 PM 15229303 ER PT J AU Hammond, MD Niemi, EW Ward, TP Eiseman, AS AF Hammond, MD Niemi, EW Ward, TP Eiseman, AS TI Adult orbital xanthogranuloma with associated adult-onset asthma SO OPHTHALMIC PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article AB The authors report a case of adult orbital xanthogranuloma with associated adult-onset asthma in a 44-year-old man. Adult orbital xanthogranuloma was diagnosed on the basis of the clinical findings of bilateral, indurated, yellow eyelid lesions in a patient presenting with adult-onset asthma. Incisional biopsy of the eyelid lesions demonstrated a diffuse histiocytic infiltrate of the orbit and Touton giant cells without evidence of necrobiosis. Systemic evaluation failed to show evidence of bone lesions or paraproteinemia. When patients present with atypical indurated yellow eyelid lesions, a biopsy should be considered. If Touton giant cells are present, a systemic evaluation dshould be undertaken to rule out both Erdheim-Chester disease and necrobiotic xanthogranuloma. If no systemic findings are present, other than the possibility of adult-onset asthma, the rare entity of adult orbital xanthogranuloma should be considered. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalm Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Eiseman, AS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalm Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM andrew.eisman@na.amedd.arm NR 6 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0740-9303 J9 OPHTHAL PLAST RECONS JI Ophthalmic Plast. Reconstr. Surg. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 20 IS 4 BP 329 EP 332 DI 10.1097/01.IOP.0000132177.20945.E9 PG 4 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA 841BN UT WOS:000222904400018 PM 15266154 ER PT J AU Stack, BC Hansen, JP Ruda, JM Jaglowski, J Shvidler, J Hollenbeak, CS AF Stack, BC Hansen, JP Ruda, JM Jaglowski, J Shvidler, J Hollenbeak, CS TI Fusaric acid: A novel agent and mechanism to treat HNSCC SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 107th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 21-24, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID ZINC-FINGER PROTEIN; PICOLINIC-ACID; CANCER STATISTICS; BINDING PROTEIN; TISSUE-CULTURE; NECK-CANCER; DNA-BINDING; CELLS; GROWTH; HEAD AB OBJECTIVE: A new class of carboxylic acids has tumoricidal activity for head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). Fusaric acid (FA) can chelate divalent cations, especially zinc, and inactivate zinc finger proteins involved in DNA repair and protein synthesis. METHODS: 2 squamous carcinoma lines were utilized for in vitro and in vivo portions of this study. Cell counting and flow cytometry were used to analyze cells in culture in treatment and control groups over 96 hours. HNSCC subcutaneous implants were created in treatment and control groups of BALB-c nude mice (N = 30). RESULTS: In vitro studies demonstrated significant changes in cell numbers and cell cycle. In vivo studies of daily intralesional therapy for 1 month also showed reduced onset of growth and overall growth compared to controls. CONCLUSION: FA appears to have a tumoristatic/tumoricidal effect on HNSCC. Further nude mice studies are needed to optimize dosing and administration regimens for FA in anticipation of clinical trials. C1 Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Hershey, PA 17003 USA. Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Hershey, PA 17003 USA. Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Hlth Evaluat Sci, Hershey, PA 17003 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Neural & Behav Sci, Hershey, PA USA. RP Stack, BC (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, H090,500 Univ Ave, Hershey, PA 17003 USA. EM bstack@psu.edu NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 5 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 131 IS 1 BP 54 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2004.02.038 PG 7 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 837MI UT WOS:000222639200010 PM 15243558 ER PT J AU Ahuja, TS Abbott, KC Pack, L Kuo, YF AF Ahuja, TS Abbott, KC Pack, L Kuo, YF TI HIV-associated nephropathy and end-stage renal disease in children in the United States SO PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV-associated nephropathy; highly active antiretroviral therapy; survival; United States Renal Data System; focal segmental glomerulosclerosis ID ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; INFECTED PATIENTS; SURVIVAL; VIRUS; DIALYSIS; THERAPY; EXPERIENCE; PREVALENCE; TRENDS; AIDS AB Single-center studies have reported that HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) can occur in children and may have a clinical course and prognosis similar to that of adults. However, the prevalence and survival has not been reported for a national sample of children with HIVAN and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialysis in the United States. We utilized the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) database to determine the prevalence, demographic information, and survival of children with HIVAN and ESRD in the United States. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival of children with HIVAN and the log-rank test was used to compare their survival with children with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and adults with HIVAN. Cox regression analysis was used to model adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) with HIVAN as a cause of ESRD and its impact on mortality during the study period, adjusted for potential confounders. Of the 7,732 patients identified with HIVAN, only 60 were younger than 21 years and were classified as children; 50% were males and the majority (88.3%) was black. The cumulative percentage survival of children with HIVAN at 12, 24, and 36 months was better than adults with HIVAN (76%, 62%, and 54% vs. 60%, 43%, and 34%). Survival of children with HIVAN who started dialysis after 1996 was significantly better than those who started dialysis in or before 1996 (log rank P value <0.043). However, the major factor associated with better survival on Cox proportional hazard analysis was female gender (male vs. female AHR 2.85, 95% confidence interval 1.04-6.73). We conclude that only a small number of children with HIVAN and ESRD have received dialysis in the United States. The prognosis of these children is better than that of adults with HIVAN and among children with HIVAN females have better survival than males. C1 Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Prevent Med & Community Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Ahuja, TS (reprint author), 4-200 John Sealy Annex,Univ Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM tahuja@utmb.edu OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 28 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0931-041X J9 PEDIATR NEPHROL JI Pediatr. Nephrol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 19 IS 7 BP 808 EP 811 DI 10.1007/s00467-004-1482-4 PG 4 WC Pediatrics; Urology & Nephrology SC Pediatrics; Urology & Nephrology GA 825JF UT WOS:000221752000022 PM 15141343 ER PT J AU D'Aguanno, G Mattiucci, N Scalora, M Bloemer, MJ Zheltikov, AM AF D'Aguanno, G Mattiucci, N Scalora, M Bloemer, MJ Zheltikov, AM TI Density of modes and tunneling times in finite one-dimensional photonic crystals: A comprehensive analysis SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID BAND-GAP; LIGHT; PROPAGATION; SCATTERING; PULSE AB We present a unified treatment of density of modes and tunneling times in finite, one-dimensional photonic crystals. We exploit connections and differences between the various approaches used to calculate the density of modes, which include the Green function, the Wigner phase time, and the electromagnetic energy density, and conclude that the Green function is always the correct path to the true density of modes. We also find that for an arbitrary structure the density of modes can always be found as the ratio between the power emitted by a source located inside the structure and the power emitted by the same source in free space, regardless of absorption or dispersion. C1 Time Domain Corp, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. USA, Weap Sci Directorate, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Aviat & Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, INFM, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Fis E Amaldi, I-00146 Rome, Italy. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Ctr Int Laser, Moscow 119899, Russia. RP D'Aguanno, G (reprint author), Time Domain Corp, Cummings Res Pk,7057 Old Madison Pike, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. EM giuseppe.daguanno@timedomain.com NR 39 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 016612 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.016612 PN 2 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 844CV UT WOS:000223135800085 PM 15324194 ER PT J AU Fireman, M DiMartini, AF Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL AF Fireman, M DiMartini, AF Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL TI Med-psych drug-drug interactions update - Immunosuppressants SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID RENAL-TRANSPLANT PATIENTS; ORGAN-TRANSPLANTATION; BLOOD-LEVELS; JOHNS WORT; TACROLIMUS; CYCLOSPORINE; RECIPIENTS; RHABDOMYOLYSIS; HEART; ACID AB Immunosuppressants are prescribed to prevent rejection of transplanted tissues and organs and are also used in the treatment of autoimmune disorders. Consultation-liaison psychiatrists increasingly encounter patients taking these agents as the number of transplant recipients increases and the indications for the use of immunosuppressants expands. These drugs have potentially deleterious physical, mental, and biochemical side effects. In addition, transplant recipients and patients with autoimmune disorders commonly have comorbid illnesses that require pharmacologic treatment. The management of these patients is challenging secondary to the severity of these illnesses, the number of medications prescribed, and the potential for adverse drug-drug interactions. Knowledge of the pharmacokinetic properties of these drugs and the potential for serious drug-drug interactions that cause alterations in serum levels of the immunosuppressant medications is essential. Increased serum levels may cause serious toxic effects and decreased serum levels may lead to rejection of the transplanted organ or worsening of the autoimmune disorder. Adverse events may also occur when serum levels of medications prescribed for comorbid illnesses are altered by administration of immunosuppressants. The pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction profiles of the glucocorticoids, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, sirolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, and monoclonal antibodies are discussed in this review. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Psychiat, Portland, OR 97239 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Tual Forest Grove Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Psychiat, Forest Grove, OR USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Fireman, M (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Psychiat, 3181 S-W Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97239 USA. EM firemanm@ohsu.edu NR 46 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 45 IS 4 BP 354 EP 360 DI 10.1176/appi.psy.45.4.354 PG 7 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 833NZ UT WOS:000222346000013 PM 15232051 ER PT J AU James, WF Barko, JW AF James, WF Barko, JW TI Diffusive fluxes and equilibrium processes in relation to phosphorus dynamics in the Upper Mississippi River SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE adsorption-desorption; diffusive sediment flux; equilibrium processes; Mississippi River; phosphorus; suspended solids ID SORPTION CHARACTERISTICS; LITTORAL SEDIMENTS; EUTROPHIC LAKES; PHOSPHATE; RELEASE; SHALLOW; MOBILIZATION; FIXATION; PEPIN; LOAD AB We examined total suspended solids (TSS) and phosphorus (P) dynamics in the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) above naturally impounded Lake Pepin between 1994 and 1996, with attention to P loadings which may be contributing to impaired water quality conditions. The Minnesota River, located 97 km upstream of Lake Pepin, accounted for most of the annual and summer TSS and total P load while the Metropolitan Wastewater Treatment Plant, located 80 km upstream of Lake Pepin, accounted for much of the annual soluble reactive P (SRP) loading to the UMR. Lake Pepin retained 80% and 13% of the TSS and total P load, respectively, during the summer period. However, the lake was a source of SRP during the same period, exporting up to 130% of the summer SRP load it received. Diffusive P flux from profundal sediments averaged 7.5 mg m(-2) d(-1) during the summer, accounting for 41% of the net SRP export from the lake. Recently deposited sediments in Lake Pepin (originating primarily from the Minnesota River) also exhibited a high equilibrium P concentration (EPC = 0.155 mg l(-1)) and linear adsorption coefficient (K-d = 1043 1 kg(-1)). Application of these P equilibrium characteristics to TSS loads entering the system resulted in a calculated potential P desorption flux from TSS of 2.0 mg m(-2) d(-1) during the summer. Potential P desorption flux to the system was driven by dilution of SRP concentrations in the Mississippi River below the EPC by SRP-deficient inflows of the St Croix River, located 16 km upstream of the lake. P desorption was, thus, an important additional internal P flux that is not commonly included in P budgets of riverine systems. Published in 2004 by John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP James, WF (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, POB 237, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. EM jameswl@svtel.net NR 24 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1535-1459 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 20 IS 4 BP 473 EP 484 DI 10.1002/rra.761 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 840TA UT WOS:000222881500008 ER PT J AU Arcari, CM Gaydos, JC Howell, MR Mckee, KT Gaydos, CA AF Arcari, CM Gaydos, JC Howell, MR Mckee, KT Gaydos, CA TI Feasibility and short-term impact of linked education and urine screening interventions for chlamydia and gonorrhea in male army recruits SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; FAMILY-PLANNING CLINICS; TRACHOMATIS-INFECTIONS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; WOMEN; PREVALENCE; SOLDIERS; FEATURES AB Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of an intervention for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and a screening program for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in male Army recruits. Goals: The goals of this study were to identify and treat chlamydia and gonorrhea infections in recruits, assess their perceptions of risk, and increase their STD knowledge and behavioral intentions. Study Design: Volunteers (n = 3911) entering basic training (July 1999-June 2000) at Fort Jackson, South Carolina, attended an educational intervention, completed pre- and post-questionnaires, and provided a urine specimen for chlamydia and gonorrhea screening by nucleic acid amplification testing. Results: Chlamydia and gonorrhea prevalences were 4.7% and 0.4%, respectively. The mean STD knowledge score, intent to use condoms, and confidence in using condoms correctly increased (P < 0.001). Participants reported increased risk perception and considered the educational program valuable (96.9%) and a learning experience (94.6%). Conclusions: A linked educational and screening program is feasible and acceptable in male Army recruits. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. US Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Surveillance &, Silver Spring, MD USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Arcari, CM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, WARF 605,610 Walnut St, Madison, WI 53562 USA. EM carcari@wisc.edu RI Gaydos, Charlotte/E-9937-2010 NR 19 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 31 IS 7 BP 443 EP 447 DI 10.1097/01.olq.0000129950.91427.34 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 832FB UT WOS:000222251500010 PM 15215702 ER PT J AU Tourneret, JY Ferrari, A Swami, A AF Tourneret, JY Ferrari, A Swami, A TI Cramer-Rao lower bounds for change points in additive and multiplicative noise SO SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Cramer-Rao lower bounds; change-points; multiplicative noise ID ACCURACY AB The paper addresses the problem of determining the Cramer-Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) for noise and change-point parameters, for steplike signals corrupted by multiplicative and/or additive white noise. Closed-form expressions for the signal and noise CRLBs are first derived for an ideal step with a known change point. For an unknown change-point, the noise-free signal is modeled by a sigmoidal function parametrized by location and step rise parameters. The noise and step change CRLBs corresponding to this model are shown to be well approximated by the more tractable expressions derived for a known change-point. The paper also shows that the step location parameter is asymptotically decoupled from the other parameters, which allows us to derive simple CRLBs for the step location. These bounds are then compared with the corresponding mean square errors of the maximum likelihood estimators in the pure multiplicative case. The comparison illustrates convergence and efficiency of the ML estimator. An extension to colored multiplicative noise is also discussed. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 TeSA, ENSEEIHT, IRIT, F-31071 Toulouse, France. Univ Nice, UMR 6525, F-06108 Nice 2, France. Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Tourneret, JY (reprint author), TeSA, ENSEEIHT, IRIT, 2 Rue Camichel,BP 7122, F-31071 Toulouse, France. EM j-y.tourneret@ieee.org; ferrari@unice.fr; a.swami@ieee.org NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-1684 J9 SIGNAL PROCESS JI Signal Process. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 84 IS 7 BP 1071 EP 1088 DI 10.1016/j.sigpro.2004.03.009 PG 18 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 830UR UT WOS:000222149800002 ER PT J AU Setlik, RF Ouellette, D Morgan, J McAllister, CK Dorsey, D Agan, BK Horvath, L Zimmerman, MK Purcell, B AF Setlik, RF Ouellette, D Morgan, J McAllister, CK Dorsey, D Agan, BK Horvath, L Zimmerman, MK Purcell, B TI Pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome associated with an autochthonous case of dengue hemorrhagic fever SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dengue hemorrhagic fever; hemoptysis; pulmonary hemorrhage AB Dengue fever is a major public health problem worldwide. Dengue hemorrhagic fever, a much rarer form of the disease, occurs when a person previously infected with dengue is re-infected with a different viral serotype. In recent years the infection rates of dengue and both clinical syndromes have increased along the United States-Mexico border. We present the case of a 61-year-old Laotian female who presented with a 1-week history of fever, altered mental status, oral ulceration, and rash. The patient developed diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage and anemia requiring multiple transfusions. She eventually sustained multi-organ system failure and expired. Both the titer data and serologies were consistent with the diagnosis of dengue hemorrhagic fever. We hypothesize that this syndrome was the result of re-infection occurring within the United States. This case is also unusual in that it is the second reported in the literature of pulmonary hemorrhages associated with dengue hemorrhagic fever. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pulm & Crit Care Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Setlik, RF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, 3852 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Robert.Setlik@cen.amedd.army.mil OI Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 NR 11 TC 15 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 97 IS 7 BP 688 EP 691 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 839SY UT WOS:000222806400013 PM 15301127 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of adamantane SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectral; adamantane; tricyclo(3.3.1.1.(3.7)) decane ID RAMAN-SPECTRA; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; INFRARED-SPECTRUM; PHASE; C10H16; TEMPERATURE; DENSITY; HYDROCARBONS; TRANSITIONS; SCATTERING AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of adamantane in T-d symmetry are examined theoretically using the Gaussian 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of eight types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis. The vibrational modes of the deuterated form of adamantane were also calculated and compared against experimental data. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM james.jensen@sbccom.apgea.army.mil NR 57 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 60 IS 8-9 BP 1895 EP 1905 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2003.09.024 PG 11 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 843WB UT WOS:000223116400027 PM 15248966 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of Triethynylmethylsilane SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; Triethynylmethylsilane ID SPECTRA; EXCHANGE; DENSITY AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of Triethynylmethylsilane (CH3Si(CCH)(3)) are examined theoretically using the Gaussian98 set of quantum chemistry codes. Each of the vibrational modes was assigned to one of nine types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (Si-C stretch, CdropC stretch, C-H stretch, CdropC-H bend, Si-CdropC bend, C-Si-C bend, H-C-H bend, CH3 wag, and CH3 twist) utilizing the C-3v symmetry of the molecule. A set of uniform scaling factors was derived for each type of motion. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM james.jensen@sbccom.apgea.army.mil NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 60 IS 8-9 BP 1925 EP 1930 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2003.10.008 PG 6 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 843WB UT WOS:000223116400030 PM 15248969 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO Banerjee, A Zeroka, D Merrow, CN Gilliam, SJ Kirkby, SJ AF Jensen, JO Banerjee, A Zeroka, D Merrow, CN Gilliam, SJ Kirkby, SJ TI A theoretical study of P4O10: vibrational analysis, infrared and Raman spectra SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; tetraphosphorus decaoxide ID PHOSPHORUS CHEMI-LUMINESCENCE; ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; MOLECULAR STRUCTURES; PENTOXIDE; AS4O6; MECHANISM; SYSTEMS; DENSITY; OXYGEN AB The normal mode frequencies and the corresponding vibrational assignments of terraphosphorus decaoxide (P4O10) in tetrahedral (T-d) symmetry are examined theoretically and experimentally. The Gaussian 98 set of quantum chemistry codes at the HF/6-311G*, MP2/6-311G*, and DFT/B3LYP/6-311G* levels of theory are used. By comparison to experimental normal mode frequencies deduced by Gilliam et al. [J. Phys. Chem. B 107 (2003) 2892], Chapman [Spectrochim. Acta A, 24 (1968) 1687], Beattie et al. [J. Chem. Soc. A (1970) 449], Konings et al. [J. Mol. Spectrosc. 152 (1992) 29] and the present work, correction factors for predominant vibrational motions are determined and compared. Normal modes were decomposed into five non-redundant motions (P-O stretch, P=O stretch, P-O-P bend, P-O-P wag, and P=O wag). Standard deviations found for the HF, MP2, and DFT corrected frequencies compared to experiment are 9, 5, and 4 cm(-1), respectively. Electron distribution for selected molecular orbitals is considered. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem, 6E Packer Ave, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM james.jensen@sbccom.apgea.army.mil; ajit.banerjee@sbccom.apgea.army.mil; dz00@lehigh.edu; merrow@umr.edu; gilliam@umr.edu; skirkby@umr.edu NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 60 IS 8-9 BP 1947 EP 1955 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2003.09.026 PG 9 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 843WB UT WOS:000223116400033 PM 15248972 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of tetraiododiphosphine SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibration modes; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; tetraiododiphosphine; diphosphorous tetraiodide; phosphorous di-idode; P2I4 ID MEAN-SQUARE AMPLITUDES; PHOSPHORUS-PHOSPHORUS BOND; CHEMIE DES PHOSPHORS; DIPHOSPHORUS TETRAIODIDE; FORCE CONSTANTS; P2I4; IODIDES; DITHIOACETALS; TETRACHLORIDE; SPECTROSCOPY AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of of tetraiododiphosphine in C-2h symmetry are examined theoretically using the Gaussian 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of six types of motion (P-I stretch, P-P stretch, PI2 scissors, PI2 twist, PI2 wag, and PI2 rock) predicted by a group theoretical analysis. Computed vibrational frequencies are with IR and Raman spectra available in the literature, and uniform scaling factors are derived. Theoretical IR and Raman intensities are reported. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 60 IS 8-9 BP 2147 EP 2152 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2003.11.010 PG 6 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 843WB UT WOS:000223116400059 PM 15248998 ER PT J AU Rentas, FJ Macdonald, VW Rothwell, SW McFaul, SJ Asher, LV Kennedy, AM Hmel, PJ Meledandri, CJ Salata, JM Harman, RW Reid, TJ AF Rentas, FJ Macdonald, VW Rothwell, SW McFaul, SJ Asher, LV Kennedy, AM Hmel, PJ Meledandri, CJ Salata, JM Harman, RW Reid, TJ TI White particulate matter found in blood collection bags consist of platelets and leukocytes SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID STORED-BLOOD; REMOVAL; CELLS AB BACKGROUND: In late January 2003, some blood centers and hospitals throughout the US voluntarily suspended the use of some RBC and plasma units for transfusion due to the presence of unknown white particulate matter (WPM) in these units. To better understand the WPM phenomena, a number of technologies were used to establish the nature of the particulates observed in Terumo Collection sets. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: All AS-5 nonleuko-reduced RBCs and plasma units were visually inspected for WPM by placing the bags on a flat counter, undisturbed, for approximately 10 minutes and then performing a visual examination for particles. Particles were isolated and placed on microscope slides or in plastic tubes for further analysis. Electron microscopy, bright field microscopy, differential interference contrast microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and flow cytometry procedures were performed to establish the nature of the particulate matter. In addition, leukoreduction filters and blood transfusion sets were used on RBCs units with WPM. RESULTS: The particles were mostly composed of PLTs and WBCs, and fragments of these cells. All macroscopic WPM was removed from RBCs with leukoeduction and transfusion filters. CONCLUSIONS: WPM originated from PLTs and WBCs. Foreign matter (e.g., plastic) was not observed in any of the units. Leukoreduction and transfusion filters can be used to remove macroscopic WPM. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Dept Blood Res, SBB,Dept Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Rentas, FJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Dept Blood Res, SBB,Dept Pathol, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Room 1N61, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM frank.rentas@na.amedd.army.mil OI Kennedy, Anthony/0000-0002-0908-3020 NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUL PY 2004 VL 44 IS 7 BP 959 EP 966 DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2004.03398.x PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 832YF UT WOS:000222302900003 PM 15225233 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of N-chlorodifluoromethylenimine SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; N-chlorodifluoromethylenimine; N-chlorodifluoromethanimine; chlorocarbonimidic difluoride; chloroimidocarbonyl fluoride ID MICROWAVE-SPECTRUM; CONSTANTS; CONVERSION; FLUORIDE; CF2=NCL; BONDS AB The vibrational frequencies and corresponding normal mode assignments of N-chlorodifluoromethylenimine (CF2NCl) are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of seven types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (C-F stretch, C=N stretch, N-CI stretch, C=N-Cl bend, CF2 scissors, CF2 wag, and CF2 rock). Theoretical IR and Raman intensities are reported. The molecular orbitals and bond of N-chlorodifluoromethylenimine are examined. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM james.jensen@sbccom.apgea.army.mil NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD JUN 30 PY 2004 VL 679 IS 3 BP 137 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.01.036 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 837UO UT WOS:000222666700001 ER PT J AU Moghimi, SM Hunter, AC Dadswell, CM Savay, S Alving, CR Szebeni, J AF Moghimi, SM Hunter, AC Dadswell, CM Savay, S Alving, CR Szebeni, J TI Causative factors behind poloxamer 188 (pluronic F68, Flocor (TM))-induced complement activation in human sera. A protective role against poloxamer-mediated complement activation by elevated serum lipoprotein levels SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE LA English DT Article DE complement activation; non-ionic surfactant; poloxamer; HDL; LDL; non-IgE-mediated hypersensitivity ID ARTIFICIAL BLOOD SUBSTITUTE; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; SICKLE-CELL DISEASE; CREMOPHOR-EL; PURIFIED POLOXAMER-188; FLUOSOL-DA; IN-VITRO; HYPERSENSITIVITY; RECEPTOR-TYPE-1; ANAPHYLATOXINS AB Poloxamer 188 is a complex polydisperse mixture of non-ionic macromolecules. Adverse non-IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions occur in some individuals following intravenous injection of poloxamer 188-based pharmaceuticals, presumably via complement activation. Here we have delineated potential causal chemical and biological interactive factors behind poloxamer 188-induced complement activation in human serum specimens. We identified the molecular constituents inherent in poloxamer 188 preparations and studied their effect on generation of the two complement split products, SC5b-9 and Bb. Poloxamer 188 activated complement at sub-micellar concentrations and the results indicated the potential involvement of all three known complement activation pathways. The poloxamer-induced rise of SC5b-9 in human sera was abolished in the presence of a recombinant truncated soluble form of complement receptor type 1, thus confirming the role of C3/C5 convertases in the activation process. Poloxamer 188-mediated complement activation is an intrinsic property of these macromolecules and was independent of the degree of sample polydispersity, as opposed to other non-polymeric constituents. Poloxamer 188 preparations also contained unsaturated chains of diblock copolymers capable of generating SC5b-9 in human sera; this effect was terminated following the removal of double bonds by catalytic hydrogenation. By quasi-elastic light scattering, we established interaction between poloxamer and lipoproteins; interestingly, poloxamer-induced rise in SC5b-9 was significantly suppressed when serum HDL and LDL cholesterol levels were increased above normal to mimic two relevant clinical situations. This observation was consistent with previously reported data from patients with abnormal or elevated lipid profiles where no or poor complement activation by poloxamer 188 occurred. Our findings could provide the basis of novel approaches to the prevention of poloxamer-mediated complement activation. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Brighton, Sch Pharm & Biomol Sci, Mol Targeting & Polymer Toxicol Grp, Brighton BN2 4GJ, E Sussex, England. Univ Sussex, Sch Life Sci, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Moghimi, SM (reprint author), Univ Brighton, Sch Pharm & Biomol Sci, Mol Targeting & Polymer Toxicol Grp, Lewis Rd, Brighton BN2 4GJ, E Sussex, England. EM s.m.moghimi@brighton.ac.uk RI Hunter, Alan/D-4573-2016 OI Hunter, Alan/0000-0003-1100-7761 NR 38 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-4439 J9 BBA-MOL BASIS DIS JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Mol. Basis Dis. PD JUN 28 PY 2004 VL 1689 IS 2 BP 103 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.bbadis.2004.02.005 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 832HS UT WOS:000222258700002 PM 15196591 ER PT J AU Snyder, AP Maswadeh, WM Tripathi, A Eversole, J Ho, J Spence, M AF Snyder, AP Maswadeh, WM Tripathi, A Eversole, J Ho, J Spence, M TI Orthogonal analysis of mass and spectral based technologies for the field detection of bioaerosols SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE single particle fluorescence analyzer; fluorescence aerosol particle sizer; pyrolysis-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry; bioaerosols; field biodetection; bacterial spores; ovalbumin protein; single particle spectroscopy ID ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY; AIRBORNE BIOLOGICAL PARTICLES; INTRINSIC FLUORESCENCE; AEROSOL DETECTION; AGENT DETECTION; PYROLYSIS; SYSTEM; EXCITATION; SIZE; IDENTIFICATION AB The detection and qualitative characterization of outdoor ambient bioaerosols have a relatively greater sense of urgency in recent times. Mass-based pyrolysis-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (Py-GC-IMS) and particle-based UV-vis fluorescence technologies were spatially situated for spore and protein bioaerosol detection in a Southeastern prairie region in Alberta, Canada. Orthogonal systems analyses versus individual detector results were investigated for the temporal characterization of bioaerosols. The systems responded to low agent analyte-containing particles per liter of air (PLA) concentrations, and were verified by reference samplers. An orthogonal technologies sensor system appears to be attractive for a high confidence detection of presence and temporal characterization of bioaerosols. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Geocenters Inc, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Def Res & Dev Canada, Ralston, AB T0J 2NO, Canada. RP Snyder, AP (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Bldg E3160 Rdgewood Area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM apsnyder@sbccom.apgea.army.mil NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD JUN 25 PY 2004 VL 513 IS 2 BP 365 EP 377 DI 10.1016/j.aca.2004.03.003 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 824VB UT WOS:000221714100001 ER PT J AU Niazimbetova, ZI Christian, HY Bhandari, YJ Beyer, FL Galvin, ME AF Niazimbetova, ZI Christian, HY Bhandari, YJ Beyer, FL Galvin, ME TI Design and development of novel 2-D oligomers for electroactive device application SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; DISCOTIC LIQUID-CRYSTALS; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; INTERCHAIN INTERACTIONS; LUMINESCENCE; DENDRIMERS; POLY(P-PHENYLENEVINYLENE); ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; AGGREGATION AB Four novel two-dimensional conjugated poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV)-based molecules have been synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for use in light-emitting diodes (LEDs). These novel molecules all contain a tetra-substituted central phenyl ring, but the length, chemical structure, and placement of the arms is varied in order to tailor their hole and electron transport properties. The materials are all solution-processible, maintain conjugation through the arms and central core, and exhibit evidence of two- and possibly three-dimensional charge delocalization. The first molecule contains four phenylenevinylene arms with solubilizing octyloxy-substituted units. Two of the molecules have two phenylenevinylene arms and two oxadiazole arms that are placed ortho or para with respect to each other. The fourth molecule contains four cyano-phenylenevinylene arms with solubilizing octyloxy groups at the ends of each arm. As a class these molecules all have large Stokes shifts in films, although the propensity for pi-pi stacking varies between the molecules. The oxadiazole-containing molecules show promise for applications in single-layer LEDs. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Polymer Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Galvin, ME (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM megalvin@udel.edu NR 40 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 24 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 25 BP 8673 EP 8681 DI 10.1021/jp0371074 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 830MI UT WOS:000222125900026 ER PT J AU Ellis, AR Majumdar, A Choi, KK Reno, JL Tsui, DC AF Ellis, AR Majumdar, A Choi, KK Reno, JL Tsui, DC TI Binary superlattice quantum-well infrared photodetectors for long-wavelength broadband detection SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BARRIER; LIGHT AB We have adopted a binary superlattice structure for long-wavelength broadband detection. In this superlattice, the basis contains two unequal wells, with which more energy states are created for broadband absorption. At the same time, responsivity is more uniform within the detection band because of mixing of wave functions from the two wells. This uniform line shape is particularly suitable for spectroscopy applications. The detector is designed to cover the entire 8-14 mum long-wavelength atmospheric window. The observed spectral widths are 5.2 and 5.6 mum for two nominally identical wafers. The photoresponse spectra from both wafers are nearly unchanged over a wide range of operating bias and temperature. The background-limited temperature is 50 K at 2 V bias for F/1.2 optics. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Majumdar, A (reprint author), Intel Corp, Components Res, 5200 NE Elam Young Pkwy, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. EM amlan.majumdar@intel.com RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 21 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 25 BP 5127 EP 5129 DI 10.1063/1.1764932 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 830HD UT WOS:000222111800020 ER PT J AU Tsokos, GC AF Tsokos, GC TI B cells, be gone - B-cell depletion in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 3 TC 52 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 17 PY 2004 VL 350 IS 25 BP 2546 EP 2548 DI 10.1056/NEJMp048114 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 829NE UT WOS:000222054700004 PM 15201410 ER PT J AU Waselenko, JK MacVittie, TJ Blakely, WF Pesik, N Wiley, AL Dickerson, WE Tsu, H Confer, DL Coleman, CN Seed, T Lowry, P Armitage, JO Dainiak, N AF Waselenko, JK MacVittie, TJ Blakely, WF Pesik, N Wiley, AL Dickerson, WE Tsu, H Confer, DL Coleman, CN Seed, T Lowry, P Armitage, JO Dainiak, N TI Medical management of the acute radiation syndrome: Recommendations of the Strategic National Stockpile Radiation Working Group SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; BONE-MARROW-TRANSPLANTATION; STEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION; TOTAL-BODY IRRADIATION; IMPROVES NEUTROPHIL RECOVERY; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES; EARLY DOSE ASSESSMENT; IONIZING-RADIATION; FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; FLUCONAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS AB Physicians, hospitals, and other health care facilities will assume the responsibility for aiding individuals injured by a terrorist act involving radioactive material. Scenarios have been developed for such acts that include a range of exposures resulting in few to many casualties. This consensus document was developed by the Strategic National Stockpile Radiation Working Group to provide a framework for physicians in internal medicine and the medical subspecialties to evaluate and manage large-scale radiation injuries. Individual radiation close is assessed by determining the time to onset and severity of nausea and vomiting, decline in absolute lymphocyte count over several hours or days after exposure, and appearance of chromosome aberrations (including dicentrics and ring forms) in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Documentation of clinical signs and symptoms (affecting the hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, cerebrovascular, and cutaneous systems) over time is essential for triage of victims, selection of therapy, and assignment of prognosis. Recommendations based on radiation dose and physiologic response are made for treatment of the hematopoietic syndrome. Therapy includes treatment with hematopoietic cytokines; blood transfusion; and, in selected cases, stem-cell transplantation. Additional medical management based on the evolution of clinical signs and symptoms includes the use of antimicrobial agents (quinolones, antiviral therapy, and antifungal agents), antiemetic agents, and analgesic agents. Because of the strong psychological impact of a possible radiation exposure, psychosocial support will be required for those exposed, regardless of the dose, as well as for family and friends. Treatment of pregnant women must account for risk to the fetus. For terrorist or accidental events involving exposure to radioicidines, prophylaxis against malignant disease of the thyroid is also recommended, particularly for children and adolescents. C1 Bridgeport Hosp, Dept Med, Bridgeport, CT USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC USA. Univ Maryland, Greenebaum Canc Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. Off Emergency Preparedness & Response, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Strateg Natl Stockpile Program, Atlanta, GA USA. Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Natl Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, MN USA. Univ Nebraska, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. Yale New Haven Hlth Syst, New Haven, CT USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Dainiak, N (reprint author), Bridgeport Hosp, Dept Med, 267 Grant St, Bridgeport, CT USA. EM pndain@bpthosp.org NR 120 TC 314 Z9 332 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 140 IS 12 BP 1037 EP 1051 PG 15 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 829NK UT WOS:000222055500008 PM 15197022 ER PT J AU Smarick, SD Haskins, SC Aldrich, J Foley, JE Kass, PH Fudge, M Ling, GV AF Smarick, SD Haskins, SC Aldrich, J Foley, JE Kass, PH Fudge, M Ling, GV TI Incidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infection among dogs in a small animal intensive care unit SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Meeting CY SEP, 2002 CL San Antonio, TX ID URETHRAL CATHETERS; CATS AB Objective-To determine incidence of and possible risk factors for catheter-associated urinary tract infection (UTI) among dogs hospitalized in an intensive care unit and compare results of bacterial culture of urine samples with results of bacterial culture of catheter tips. Design-Prospective study. Animals-39 dogs. Procedure-A standard protocol for aseptic catheter placement and maintenance was used. Urine samples were obtained daily and submitted for bacterial culture. When possible, the urinary catheter tip was collected aseptically at the time of catheter removal and submitted for bacterial culture. Bacteria that were obtained were identified and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Results-4 of the 39 (10.3%) dogs developed a UTI. The probability of remaining free from UTI after 1 day in the intensive care unit was 94.9%, and the probability of remaining free from UTI after 4 days was 63.3%. Bacteria isolates were generally common urinary tract pathogens and were susceptible to most antimicrobials. Specific risk factors for catheter-associated UTI, beyond a lack of antimicrobial administration, were not identified. Positive predictive value of bacterial culture of urinary catheter tips was only 25%. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results suggest that placement of an indwelling urinary catheter in dogs is associated with a low risk of catheter-associated UTI during the first 3 days after catheter placement, provided that adequate precautions are taken for aseptic catheter placement and maintenance. Results of bacterial culture of urinary catheter tips should not be used to predict whether dogs developed catheter-associated UTI. C1 Allgheny Vet Emergency Associates, Pittsburgh, PA 15239 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Vet Med Teaching Hosp, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Surg & Radiol Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth & Reprod, Davis, CA 95616 USA. USA, Dept Med, Ctr & Sch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Smarick, SD (reprint author), Allgheny Vet Emergency Associates, 1810 Rte 286, Pittsburgh, PA 15239 USA. NR 19 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 224 IS 12 BP 1936 EP 1940 DI 10.2460/javma.2004.224.1936 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 828ZX UT WOS:000222013600019 PM 15230447 ER PT J AU Lee, CW Everitt, HO Lee, DS Steckl, AJ Zavada, JM AF Lee, CW Everitt, HO Lee, DS Steckl, AJ Zavada, JM TI Temperature dependence of energy transfer mechanisms in Eu-doped GaN SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH IONS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; DEEXCITATION PROCESSES; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; EMISSION; SEMICONDUCTORS; INTENSITIES; EXCITATION; TRANSITION; GROWTH AB The temperature dependent behavior of continuous-wave and time-resolved photoluminescence of Eu-doped GaN in the visible region is measured for both the D-5(0)-->F-7(2) and D-5(0)-->F-7(3) transitions. The radiative decay of these transitions, following pulsed laser excitation of the GaN host, is monitored by a grating spectrometer and photomultiplier tube detector system. In addition to these two radiative energy transfer pathways within Eu3+, the data reveal two nonradiative energy transfer paths between Eu3+ and the host GaN. Decay constants for the relaxation processes are extracted from the data using a numerically solved rate equation model. Although the dominant radiative relaxation processes decayed with a temperature insensitive decay constant of 166 mus, a prominent role for nonradiative transfer between Eu3+ and impurities within the GaN host was deduced above 180 K. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Elect & Comp Engn & Comp Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Lee, CW (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM everitt@phy.duke.edu RI Lee, Chang-Won/C-2709-2009; Everitt, Henry/L-7118-2013; OI Lee, Chang-Won/0000-0003-0546-0439; Everitt, Henry/0000-0002-8141-3768; Steckl, Andrew/0000-0002-1868-4442 NR 35 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 12 BP 7717 EP 7724 DI 10.1063/1.1738529 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 826QK UT WOS:000221843400025 ER PT J AU Elliott, MR Shanks, RA Khan, IU Brooks, JW Burkett, PJ Nelson, BJ Kyttaris, V Juang, YT Tsokos, GC Kammer, GM AF Elliott, MR Shanks, RA Khan, IU Brooks, JW Burkett, PJ Nelson, BJ Kyttaris, V Juang, YT Tsokos, GC Kammer, GM TI Down-regulation of IL-2 production in T lymphocytes by phosphorylated protein kinase A-RII beta SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; CYCLIC-AMP; SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; NUCLEAR TRANSLOCATION; SUBUNIT; CAMP; INTERLEUKIN-2; ALPHA; ACTIVATION; CELLS AB The beta isoform of the type II regulatory subunit (RIIbeta) of protein kinase A suppresses CREB transcriptional activity and c-Fos production in T cells, following activation via the TCR. Because CREB is an integral nuclear transcription factor for IL-2 production by T cells, we tested the hypothesis that RIIbeta down-regulates IL-2 expression and IL-2 production in T cells. Stable transfection of RIIbeta. in Jurkat T cells led to an similar to90% reduction in 11,2 mRNA. and IL-2 protein following T cell activation. The inhibition of IL-2 production was associated with phosphorylation of the RIIbeta subunit at serine 114 (pRIIbeta) and localization of pRIIbeta in intranuclear clusters. A serine 114 phosphorylation-defective mutant, RIIbeta(S114A), did not form these intranuclear clusters as well as wild-type RIIbeta, and did not inhibit IL-2 mRNA and protein synthesis, indicating that serine 114 phosphorylation is required for both nuclear localization and down-regulation of IL-2 production by RIIA. In contrast to its effect on IL-2, RIIbeta induced constitutive up-regulation of CD154 mRNA and cell surface expression. Thus, pRIIbeta differentially regulates gene expression following T cell activation. Unexpectedly, we also found that stable overexpression of another protein kinase A regulatory subunit, RIalpha, had the opposite effect on IL-2 expression, causing a 3- to 4-fold increase in IL-2 production following stimulation. In summary, our data demonstrate a novel mechanism by which serine 114 phosphorylation and nuclear localization of RIIbeta controls the regulation of gene expression in T cells. C1 Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Sect Rheumatol & Clin Immunol, Dept Internal Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. BD Biosci, Lexington, KY 40511 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Kammer, GM (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Sect Rheumatol & Clin Immunol, Dept Internal Med, Med Ctr Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM gmkammer@hotmail.com OI Elliott, Michael/0000-0002-0642-482X FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 42782, AI 46526, AI 49954, AI 07401] NR 47 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 172 IS 12 BP 7804 EP 7812 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 828KV UT WOS:000221973100069 PM 15187164 ER PT J AU Krishnan, S Nambiar, MP Warke, VG Fisher, CU Mitchell, J Delaney, N Tsokos, GC AF Krishnan, S Nambiar, MP Warke, VG Fisher, CU Mitchell, J Delaney, N Tsokos, GC TI Alterations in lipid raft composition and dynamics contribute to abnormal T cell responses in systemic lupus erythematosus SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECEPTOR ZETA-CHAIN; ALDRICH-SYNDROME PROTEIN; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; ACTIN CYTOSKELETON; IMMUNOLOGICAL SYNAPSE; DEFECTIVE EXPRESSION; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; FUNCTIONAL RAFTS; MEMBRANE RAFTS AB In response to appropriate stimulation, T lymphocytes from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients exhibit increased and faster intracellular tyrosine phosphorylation and free calcium responses. We have explored whether the composition and dynamics of lipid rafts are responsible for the abnormal T cell responses in SLE. SLE T cells generate and possess higher amounts of ganglioside-containing lipid rafts and, unlike normal T cells, SLE T cell lipid rafts include FcRgamma and activated Syk kinase. IgM anti-CD3 Ab-mediated capping of TCR complexes occurs more rapidly in SLE T cells and concomitant with dramatic acceleration of actin polymerization kinetics. The significance of these findings is evident from the observation that cross-linking of lipid rafts evokes earlier and higher calcium responses in SLE T cells. Thus, we propose that alterations in the lipid raft signaling machinery represent an important mechanism that is responsible for the heightened and accelerated T cell responses in SLE. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM gtsokos@usuhs.mil FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI 42269, R01 AI 49954] NR 68 TC 97 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 172 IS 12 BP 7821 EP 7831 PG 11 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 828KV UT WOS:000221973100071 PM 15187166 ER PT J AU Scafetta, N Picozzi, S West, BJ AF Scafetta, N Picozzi, S West, BJ TI A trade-investment model for distribution of wealth SO PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Anomalous Distributions, Nonlinear Dynamics and Nonextensivity CY NOV 06-09, 2002 CL Santa Fe, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab DE anomalous; condensation; interaction; pareto; wealth ID STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; INCOME; DYNAMICS; MONEY AB Econophysics provides a strategy for understanding the potential mechanisms underlying the anomalous distribution of wealth found in real societies. We present a computational nonlinear stochastic model for the distribution of wealth that depends upon three parameters and two mechanisms: trade and investment. To avoid economic paradoxes, the trade mechanism is assumed to be related to the poorer trader's wealth and to statistically advantage the poorer of the two traders. The two mechanisms together are shown to generate a distribution that reproduces the full range of the empirical wealth distribution, and not only the inverse power-law tail that Pareto found in western societies at the end of the 19th century. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Scafetta, N (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM ns2002@duke.edu RI West, Bruce/E-3944-2017; OI Scafetta, Nicola/0000-0003-0967-1911 NR 37 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 193 IS 1-4 BP 338 EP 352 DI 10.1016/j.physd.2004.01.031 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 830WH UT WOS:000222154400029 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of tetrachlorodiphosphine SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibration modes; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; tetrachlorodiphosphine; diphosphorous tetrachloride; hypodiphosphorous tetrachloride ID DIPHOSPHORUS TETRACHLORIDE; PHOSPHORUS TRICHLORIDE; TETRAIODIDE; IONIZATION; SPECTRA AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of tetrachlorodiphosphine in C-2h symmetry are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of six types of motion (P-Cl stretch, P-P stretch, PCl2 scissors, PCl2 twist, PCl2 wag, and PCl2 rock) predicted by a group theoretical analysis. By comparing the vibrational frequencies with IR and Raman spectra available in the literature, a set of scaling factors is derived. Theoretical IR and Raman intensities are reported. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 678 IS 1-3 BP 49 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.02.030 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 827SQ UT WOS:000221921400007 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of N-bromodifluoromethylenimine SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; N-bromodifluoromethylenimine; N-bromodifluoromethanimine; bromocarbonimidic difluoride bromoimidocarbonyl fluoride ID MICROWAVE-SPECTRUM; CONSTANTS AB The vibrational frequencies and corresponding normal mode assignments of N-bromodifluoromethylenimme (CF2NBr) are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of seven types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (C-F stretch, C=N stretch, N-Br stretch, C=N-Br bend, CF, scissors, CF, wag, and CF, rock). Theoretical infrared and Raman intensities are reported. The molecular orbitals and bonding of N-bromodifluoromethylenimine are examined. Published by Elsevier B.V.. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM james.jensen@sbccom.apgca.army.mil NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 678 IS 1-3 BP 139 EP 143 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.01.034 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 827SQ UT WOS:000221921400018 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of tetrafluoro-1,3-dithietane SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; tetrafluoro-1,3-dithietane; 2,2,4,4-tetrafluoro-1,3-dithietane ID PERHALOGENATED 1,3-DITHIETANE; ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; SPECTRA; EXCHANGE; DENSITY; C2F4S2 AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of tetrafluoro-1,3-dithietane ((SCF2)(2)) are examined theoretically using the Gaussian98 set of quantum chemistry codes. Each of the vibrational modes was assigned to one of the eight types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (C-F stretch, C-S stretch, C-S-C bend, CF2 wag, CF2 rock CF2 scissors, CF2 twist, and ring torsion) utilizing the D-2h symmetry of the molecule. Uniform scaling factors were derived for each type of motion. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 678 IS 1-3 BP 189 EP 193 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.02.035 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 827SQ UT WOS:000221921400025 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of arsenous tricyanide SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; arsenous tricyanide; arsenic cyanide; arsenic tricyanide; arsinetricarbonitrile ID FORCE-CONSTANTS; RAMAN-SPECTRA; PHOSPHORUS; AS(CN)3; P(CN)3; HEXAFLUOROTHIOACETONE; DIMER AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of arsenous tricyanide are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN98 set of quantum chemistry codes. Each of the vibrational modes was assigned to one of four types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (As-C stretch, CdropN stretch, As-CdropC bend, and C-As-C bend) utilizing the C-3v symmetry of the molecule. A set of uniform scaling factors was derived for each type of motion. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 678 IS 1-3 BP 195 EP 199 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.02.038 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 827SQ UT WOS:000221921400026 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of dicyanoacetylene SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; dicyanoacetylene; 2-butynedinitrile; dicyanoethyne,1,2-dicyanoacetylene; 1,2-dicyanoethyne ID RESOLUTION INFRARED-SPECTRUM; METAL-CYANOCARBON CHEMISTRY; NORMAL COORDINATE ANALYSIS; BAND SYSTEMS; CN DICYANOACETYLENE; RAMAN-SPECTRA; SPECTROSCOPY; C4N2; DIACETYLENE; NC AB The vibrational frequencies and corresponding normal mode assignments of dicyanoacetylene are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of five types of motion (CdropN stretch, C-C stretch, CdropC stretch, C-CdropN bend, and CdropC-C bend) utilizing the D-infinityh symmetry of the molecule. Calculated infrared intensities and Raman activities are reported. The molecular orbitals and bonding of dicyanoacetylene are examined. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 59 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 678 IS 1-3 BP 233 EP 237 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.02.044 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 827SQ UT WOS:000221921400032 ER PT J AU Wang, ZL Richter, HN Howard, JB Jordan, J Carlson, J Levendis, YA AF Wang, ZL Richter, HN Howard, JB Jordan, J Carlson, J Levendis, YA TI Laboratory investigation of the products of the incomplete combustion of waste plastics and techniques for their minimization SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; SIMULATED INCINERATOR CONDITIONS; PARTICULATE-EMISSIONS; SOOT FORMATION; 2-STAGE COMBUSTION; POLYMERS PLASTICS; DIFFUSION FLAMES; BATCH COMBUSTION; POLYSTYRENE; PYROLYSIS AB This laboratory investigation aimed at reducing the emissions of pollutants from the batch combustion of three major waste plastics, polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). Results are reported herein on the emissions of CO, light aliphatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and particulates. Two-stage combustion of the polymers was investigated, with the first stage (primary furnace) operated at either 600 or 900 degreesC and the second stage (afterburner) at 1000 degreesC. Before exiting the afterburner, the effluent passed through a high-temperature ceramic filter, which retained and destroyed particulate products of incomplete combustion (PICs). The effect of the polymer quantity burned was examined, as well as the effect of mixing PS with PVC to explore the influence of chlorine on emissions of PICs. The results indicated that PVC produced the lowest amounts of all PICs, whereas PS produced the highest amounts of PAHs and particulates, and PE produced the highest amounts of CO, for the same mass of polymer burned. The combined effects of the afterburner treatment and the high-temperature filtration were consistently effective at minimizing all PICs when the primary furnace was operated at 600 degreesC. At that temperature, the emission yields at the exit of the filtered afterburner were lower than those at the exit of the primary furnace for the combustion of PS, PE, and PVC, respectively, as follows: CO by 70, 74, and 99%; particulates by 92, 99, and 99%; and PAHs such as fluorene by 96, 93, and 96%; phenanthrene by 73, 79, and 80%; fluoranthene by 86, 93, and 98%; and benzo[a]pyrene by 99, 96, and 99%. Model calculations, performed using a detailed kinetic network, indicated continued depletion of both PAHs and soot in the afterburner if their retention times therein were extended beyond those investigated in the absence of the ceramic filter. C1 Northeastern Univ, Snell Engn Ctr 334, Dept Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. USA, SBCCOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Levendis, YA (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Snell Engn Ctr 334, Dept Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM yal@coe.neu.edu NR 58 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD JUN 9 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 12 BP 2873 EP 2886 DI 10.1021/ie030477u PG 14 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 826WB UT WOS:000221859100002 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Udelson, JE Fuster, V AF Taylor, AJ Udelson, JE Fuster, V CA Am Coll Cardiology Fdn Cardiovasc TI Training cardiovascular fellows in cardiovascular magnetic resonance and vascular imaging - Current status following the Core Cardiovascular Training Symposium (COCATS-2) guidelines SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB OBJECTIVES This survey study sought to characterize the current training environment in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) and vascular imaging and to quantify the magnitude of any gaps between current training practice and the recommendations of the Core Cardiovascular Training Symposium (COCATS-2) guidelines. BACKGROUND The COCATS-2 guidelines published in 2002 newly included specific educational components of CMR and vascular imaging. An understanding of the current capabilities of training programs to meet these guidelines could produce efforts to improve training opportunities. METHODS We surveyed all accredited adult cardiovascular training programs by using a 21-question, multiple-response survey. Data were collected on center and program characteristics, clinical activities, control of clinical activities, and needs and attitudes. Parallel data were collected for nuclear cardiology capabilities as a "base case." RESULTS Only 13% of training programs reported "ownership" of CMR equipment, compared with 48% for nuclear equipment (p = 0.001). Dedicated fellow rotations in nuclear imaging are nearly universally present, whereas vascular (64%) and CMR imaging (29%) lag behind. A majority of programs do not use formal educational curricula for CMR and vascular imaging. Among centers with CMR training capabilities, the breadth of training opportunities is typically very limited, with most having only aortic imaging as their sole capability, except in predominately large training centers. The greatest need expressed by programs was educational assistance in the form of written and lecture curriculum materials. CONCLUSIONS A substantial gap exists between the current training environment in CMR and vascular imaging and the recommendations of COCATS-2. Sharing training opportunities between centers is encouraged, particularly for smaller training programs, in order to capitalize on limited equipment, personnel, and curriculum resources. (C) 2004 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, LTC MC USA, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Tufts Univ, New England Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Cardiovasc Inst, New York, NY USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, LTC MC USA, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2,Room 4A, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM allen.taylor@na.amedd.army.mil RI Fuster, Valentin/H-4319-2015 OI Fuster, Valentin/0000-0002-9043-9986 NR 1 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD JUN 2 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 11 BP 2108 EP 2112 DI 10.1016/j.jacc.2003.10.070 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 824VR UT WOS:000221715800029 PM 15172421 ER PT J AU Pan, YL Boutou, V Bottiger, JR Zhang, SS Wolf, JP Chang, RK AF Pan, YL Boutou, V Bottiger, JR Zhang, SS Wolf, JP Chang, RK TI A puff of air sorts bioaerosols for pathogen identification SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAPID IDENTIFICATION; LIGHT-SCATTERING; SENSOR; FLUORESCENCE AB Optical-based, real-time bioaerosol sensors are able to distinguish bioaerosols and nonbioaerosols but are unable to classify pathogens or even discriminate harmful from harmless bacteria. Biochemical techniques can identify genus and species of bacteria but cannot do so efficiently due to time limitation and the very high concentration of background aerosols. We report for the first time an efficient aerosol sorter consisting of an aerodynamic deflector that is cued from bioaerosol fluorescence. Bacillus subtilis ( anthrax stimulant) aerosol was successfully separated from mixed aerosols. We achieved enrichment of the suspected bioaerosol concentration by at least 103, thus leading us new perspectives in pathogen identification. Although, at the present stage, a complete characterization of bioaerosols in real time is not yet possible, this new early warning/alarm sensor can supply high concentration of suspect bioaerosol particles for further specific analysis via bio-chemical assay technology or other subtle optical methods such as Raman spectroscopy. C1 Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Yale Univ, Ctr Laser Diagnost, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Lyon 1, LASIM, UMR5579, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. USA, ECBC Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. RP Pan, YL (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM yongle.pan@yale.edu RI Wolf, Jean-Pierre/B-8315-2012 OI Wolf, Jean-Pierre/0000-0003-3729-958X NR 19 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 38 IS 6 BP 598 EP 602 DI 10.1080/02786820490465450 PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 841TF UT WOS:000222953800004 ER PT J AU van der Wall, BG Burley, CL Yu, Y Richard, H Pengel, K Beaumier, P AF van der Wall, BG Burley, CL Yu, Y Richard, H Pengel, K Beaumier, P TI The HART II test - measurement of helicopter rotor wakes SO AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE rotor wake; active blade control AB A key parameter to reduce rotor noise is a wake location relative to a blade. During the data analysis in the years after the HART test of 1994 it was found that comprehensive wake data are needed to understand wake development, vortex creation and aging, their motion and their re-development after an interaction with a rotor blade. Therefore, DLR, ONERA, NASA Langley, US Army AFDD and DNW again came together and generated a follow-on program named HART II. In this program the rotor wake was intensively measured with a novel double-stereo PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) system. This provides instantaneous flow field data in both a large observation area and in a smaller close-up view to the vortex core. Additionally, rotor blade deformation, airloads, and noise radiation were measured to form a complete, consistent, and comprehensive data base. Another "first time" was the application of the blade position measurement technique SPR (Stereo Pattern Recognition), which provided instantaneous optical measurement of the blade bending in flap, lead-lag and torsion. In this paper, the HART II test is described in detail, including a description of all measurement techniques applied and with some results from each of them. (C) 2004 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 DLR, Inst Flugsyst Tech, D-38108 Braunschweig, Germany. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. USA, AFDD, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. DLR, Inst Aerodynam & Stromungstech, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany. Deutsch Niderland Windkanal, NL-8300 AD Emmeloord, Netherlands. Off Natl Etud & Rech Aerosp, F-92322 Chatillon, France. RP van der Wall, BG (reprint author), DLR, Inst Flugsyst Tech, Lilienthalpl 7, D-38108 Braunschweig, Germany. EM berend.vanderwall@dlr.de NR 18 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1270-9638 J9 AEROSP SCI TECHNOL JI Aerosp. Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 8 IS 4 BP 273 EP 284 DI 10.1016/j.ast.2004.01.001 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 834RH UT WOS:000222427800002 ER PT J AU Kantakamalakul, W De Souza, M Karnasuta, C Brown, A Gurunathan, S Birx, D Thongcharoen, P AF Kantakamalakul, W De Souza, M Karnasuta, C Brown, A Gurunathan, S Birx, D Thongcharoen, P CA TAVEG TI Enhanced sensitivity of detection of cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses to HIV type 1 proteins using an extended in vitro stimulation period for measuring effector function in volunteers enrolled in an ALVAC-HIV phase I/II prime boost vaccine trial in Thailand SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; IMMUNOGENICITY; ADULTS; SAFETY; GP120; CELLS AB A phase I/II prime-boost vaccine trial in HIV-1-seronegative adults was conducted in Thailand using ALVAC-HIV (vCP1521) as a prime, boosting with either oligomeric gp160 TH023/LAI or Chiron HIV Thai subtype E (CM235) plus U. S. subtype B (SF2) gp120. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) assays were conducted at one of the vaccine trial sites ( Siriraj Hospital) at a single time point following the completion of immunization demonstrated that 8 of 50 (16%) vaccine recipients showed HIV-specific CTL by standard chromium release assay (CRA) after in vitro stimulation (IVS) for 2 weeks. Five additional vaccinees (13/50 = 26%) showed CTL responses after IVS for up to 4 weeks. Moreover, one volunteer with a positive CTL response to a single HIV antigen at Day 14 demonstrated a response to an additional HIV-1 antigen(s) after the longer IVS period. CTL activity was CD8(+) restricted. Despite extension of the IVS up to 4 weeks, no CTL responses were detected in placebo recipients. These results imply that extension of the IVS period may increase the sensitivity of the CRA when measuring HIV-specific CTL in ALVAC-HIV prime-boost recipients without compromising specificity. C1 Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Aventis, Swiftwater, PA 18370 USA. US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Thailand AIDS Vaccine Evaluat Grp, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Kantakamalakul, W (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. EM siwkk@mahidol.ac.th NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 20 IS 6 BP 642 EP 644 DI 10.1089/0889222041217473 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 833OJ UT WOS:000222347000010 PM 15242541 ER PT J AU Smith, TC Corbeil, TE Ryan, MAK Heller, JM Gray, GC AF Smith, TC Corbeil, TE Ryan, MAK Heller, JM Gray, GC TI In-theater hospitalizations of US and allied personnel during the 1991 Gulf War SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE environmental exposure; hospitalization; military medicine; morbidity; occupational exposure; Persian Gulf syndrome; veterans ID DEPARTMENT-OF-DEFENSE; POPULATION-BASED SURVEY; MILITARY PERSONNEL; CHEMICAL WARFARE; VETERANS; HEALTH; MORTALITY; ILLNESS; FORCES; EXPERIENCE AB The postwar morbidity of Gulf War veterans has been closely examined. However, data have not been available to evaluate morbidity suffered during the 1991 Gulf War. In this report, the authors examine archived records of hospitalizations in US military facilities in the Kuwaiti theater of operations or those medically evacuated to facilities in Europe. Using multivariable logistic regression modeling, the authors determined that service personnel at greatest odds for "in-theater" hospitalization were enlisted, female, White, Reservist, Army, and health care workers. No increase in odds was observed for oil well fire smoke exposure or possible exposure to the nerve agent hazard areas. Although these data may be incomplete, they represent the best-known data reflecting in-theater hospitalizations during the Gulf War of 1991 and show remarkable similarities in risk factors to those for postwar hospitalization. C1 US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. USA, Deployment Environm Surveillance Program, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Smith, TC (reprint author), US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM Smith@nhrc.navy.mil NR 37 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2004 VL 159 IS 11 BP 1064 EP 1076 DI 10.1093/aje/kwh152 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 822RH UT WOS:000221557100007 PM 15155291 ER PT J AU Koff, JM Younossi, Z AF Koff, JM Younossi, Z TI Hepatitis C with normal liver enzymes: To treat or not to treat - Pro: Most patients should be treated SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID NORMAL AMINOTRANSFERASE LEVELS C1 Inova Fairfax Hosp, Ctr Liver Dis, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Koff, JM (reprint author), Inova Fairfax Hosp, Ctr Liver Dis, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 99 IS 6 BP 972 EP 973 DI 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.40510.x PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 830OK UT WOS:000222131900001 PM 15180709 ER PT J AU Clause, SL Triller, DM AF Clause, SL Triller, DM TI Hazardous medications SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Kwajalein Hosp, USAKA, Space & Missile Def Command, APO, AP 96555 USA. Albany Coll Pharm, Albany, NY 12208 USA. RP Clause, SL (reprint author), USA, Kwajalein Hosp, USAKA, Space & Missile Def Command, POB 1087, APO, AP 96555 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1079-2082 J9 AM J HEALTH-SYST PH JI Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. PD JUN 1 PY 2004 VL 61 IS 11 BP 1178 EP + PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 826JA UT WOS:000221824200013 PM 15237572 ER PT J AU Belford, A Myles, O Magill, A Wang, J Myhand, RC Waselenko, JK AF Belford, A Myles, O Magill, A Wang, J Myhand, RC Waselenko, JK TI Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) and stroke due to human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) reactivation in an adult receiving high-dose melphalan with autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE autologous stem cell transplantation; thrombotic microanglopathy; human herpesvirus-6; TTP; encephalitis; stroke; melphalan ID BONE-MARROW-TRANSPLANTATION; HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA; MRI DEMONSTRATION; GRAFT FAILURE; VARIANT-B; INFECTION; RECIPIENTS; VIRUS; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS AB We report an adult autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) patient who developed transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) due to human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) reactivation. A 58-year-old female with Stage IIIA IgGkappa multiple myeloma received a melphalan (200 mg/m(2)) ASCT with discharge home after resolution of ASCT-related toxicities. She presented on D+20 with dyspnea, rash, and fever to 105degreesF, followed by worsening dyspnea, hypotension, and capillary leak. Mental status (MS) changes were noted on D+23, but head CT and EEG were unremarkable. On D+29, a generalized seizure occurred with decline in platelet count and haptoglobin. TMA was noted on peripheral blood smear and therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) was initiated on D+31. Lumbar puncture (LP) revealed CSF protein 74 mg/dL and white blood count 7,000/mm(3) with 74% lymphocytosis. TPE was continued without improvement in her MS or thrombocytopenia despite improvement in microangiopathy. An MRI of the brain showed a left hippocampus abnormality, and an EEG was consistent with encephalopathy. Serum polymerase chain regimen (PCR) was negative for CMV, HSV1, and HSV2 but was strongly positive for HHV-6. Repeat LP protein was 597 mg/dL. Foscarnet was initiated, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) PCR for HHV-6 revealed 1,400 DNA copies/mL. Her MS greatly improved within 48 hr of antiviral therapy, serum HHV-6 became negative, and TPE was tapered without recurrence of her TMA. TMA with HHV-6 reactivation is likely an underdiagnosed entity. Given its fulminant course and favorable response to therapy, HHV-6 reactivation should be considered a potential etiology inpatients with TMA after ASCT. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Hematol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Waselenko, JK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Hematol Oncol, Ward 78,6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM JamieWaselenko.1@na.amedd.army.mil NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0361-8609 J9 AM J HEMATOL JI Am. J. Hematol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 76 IS 2 BP 156 EP 162 DI 10.1002/ajh.20068 PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 826FK UT WOS:000221814500011 PM 15164383 ER PT J AU Parrish, SWK Brown, AE Chanbancherd, P Gettayacamin, M Parrish, JH AF Parrish, SWK Brown, AE Chanbancherd, P Gettayacamin, M Parrish, JH TI Transmission of STLV in a closed colony of macaques SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nonhuman primates; STLV; HTLV; epidemiology ID VIRUS TYPE-I; SPONTANEOUS MALIGNANT-LYMPHOMA; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; INTERSPECIES TRANSMISSION; LEUKEMIA; BABOONS; ASSOCIATION; ANTIBODIES; TYPE-1 AB A 3.3% seroprevalence of simian T-lymphotropic virus (STLV) was found in a closed breeding and research colony of rhesus and cynomolgus macaques in Thailand. Epidemiology of STLV within the colony was assessed by means of a retrospective analysis of banked and freshly collected serum samples, and a review of the animals' medical records. Evidence was found that the virus had been imported into the colony by some of the original animals, and was subsequently transmitted both vertically and horizontally. The cell-associated nature of STLV was demonstrated by iatrogenic transmission of the virus following a whole blood transfusion, but there was no transmission to animals that received only serum from the same infected donor. Transmission by all routes was infrequent, as indicated by the overall seroprevalence of 3.3% (14 of 420 samples) after the colony had been closed for 11 years. Maternal-infant transmission appeared to be < 12%. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Retrovirol, Bangkok, Thailand. Army Inst Pathol, Bangkok, Thailand. AFRIMS, Dept Vet Med, Bangkok, Thailand. Adv Biosci Labs, Rockville, MD USA. RP Parrish, JH (reprint author), 5241 Bartonsville Rd, Frederick, MD 21704 USA. EM japarrish@mindspring.com NR 13 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0275-2565 J9 AM J PRIMATOL JI Am. J. Primatol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 63 IS 2 BP 103 EP 109 DI 10.1002/ajp.20043 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 834QQ UT WOS:000222426000007 PM 15195332 ER PT J AU Murdoch, DR Woods, CW Zimmerman, MD Dull, PM Belbase, RH Keenan, AJ Scott, RM Basnyat, B Archibald, LK Reller, LB AF Murdoch, DR Woods, CW Zimmerman, MD Dull, PM Belbase, RH Keenan, AJ Scott, RM Basnyat, B Archibald, LK Reller, LB TI The etiology of febrile illness in adults presenting to Patan Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference of the International-Society-of-Travel-Medicine CY MAY 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Int Soc Travel Med ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; MURINE TYPHUS; CIPROFLOXACIN TREATMENT; LEPTOSPIRA-INTERROGANS; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; TYPHOID-FEVER; INDIA; RICKETTSIAE; PARATYPHI AB In Nepal, many infections remain poorly characterized, partly due to limited diagnostic facilities. We studied consecutive febrile adults presenting to a general hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Of the 876 patients enrolled, enteric fever and pneumonia were the most common clinical diagnoses. Putative pathogens were identified in 323 (37%) patients, the most common being Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi and S. enterica serotype Paratyphi A (117), Rickettsia typhi (97), Streptococcus pneumoniae (53), Leptospira spp. (36), and Orientia tsutsugamushi (28). Approximately half of the Salmonella isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid. No clinical predictors were identified to reliably distinguish between the different infections. These findings confirm the heavy burden of enteric fever and pneumonia in Kathmandu, and highlight the importance of murine typhus, scrub typhus, and leptospirosis. Given the lack of reliable clinical predictors, the development of cheap and accurate diagnostic tests are likely to be of great clinical utility in this setting. C1 Univ Otago, Dept Pathol, Christchurch Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Christchurch, New Zealand. Canterbury Hlth Labs, Microbiol Unit, Christchurch, New Zealand. Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Clin Microbiol Lab, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Patan Hosp, Kathmandu, Nepal. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Special Pathogens Branch, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual promot, Atlanta, GA USA. Walter Reed Armed Forces Res Inst, Med Sci Res Unit, Field Unit, Kathmandu, Nepal. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Murdoch, DR (reprint author), Univ Otago, Dept Pathol, Christchurch Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Christchurch, New Zealand. EM david.murdoch@cdhb.govt.nz NR 44 TC 93 Z9 94 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 70 IS 6 BP 670 EP 675 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 831IK UT WOS:000222187900017 PM 15211012 ER PT J AU Davison, JM Bridwell, R Montilla, JL Jackson, E Moores, LK AF Davison, JM Bridwell, R Montilla, JL Jackson, E Moores, LK TI A novel diagnostic method for acute pulmonary embolism: Technetium-99m apcitide scintigraphy SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID CLINICAL-MODEL; TC-99M-APCITIDE; MANAGEMENT; VENOGRAPHY C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Davison, JM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUN 1 PY 2004 VL 140 IS 11 BP 936 EP 939 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 824IS UT WOS:000221680600022 PM 15172917 ER PT J AU Wilson, DK Ostashev, VE Goedecke, GH Auvermann, HJ AF Wilson, DK Ostashev, VE Goedecke, GH Auvermann, HJ TI Quasi-wavelet calculations of sound scattering behind barriers SO APPLIED ACOUSTICS LA English DT Article DE outdoor sound propagation; noise barriers; turbulence ID ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; SURFACE-LAYER; PROPAGATION; REDUCTION; MODEL AB Quasi-wavelets (QWs) are a representation of turbulence consisting of self-similar, eddy-like structures with random orientations and positions in space. They are used in this paper to calculate the scattering, due to turbulent velocity fluctuations, of sound behind noise barriers as a function of the size and spatial location of the eddies. The sound scattering cross-section for QWs of an individual size class (eddy size) is derived and shown to reproduce results for the von Karman spectrum when the scattered energies from a continuous distribution of QW sizes are combined. A Bragg resonance condition is derived for the eddy size that scatters most strongly for a given acoustic wavenumber and scattering angle. Results for scattering over barriers show that, for typical barrier conditions, most of the scattered energy originates from eddies in the size range of approximately one-half to twice the size of the eddies responsible for maximum scattering. The results also suggest that scattering over the barrier due to eddies with a line of sight to both the source and receiver is generally significant only for frequencies above several kilohertz, for sources and receivers no more than a few meters below the top of the barrier, and for very turbulent atmospheric conditions. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NOAA, Environm Technol Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Wilson, DK (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM d.keith.wilson@erdc.usace.army.mil RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0003-682X J9 APPL ACOUST JI Appl. Acoust. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 65 IS 6 BP 605 EP 627 DI 10.1016/j.apacoust.2003.11.009 PG 23 WC Acoustics SC Acoustics GA 807HG UT WOS:000220492000004 ER PT J AU Song, XQ Duong, QY Mitrojorgji, E Zapata, A Nguyen, N Strickman, D Glass, J Eng, G AF Song, XQ Duong, QY Mitrojorgji, E Zapata, A Nguyen, N Strickman, D Glass, J Eng, G TI Synthesis, structure characterization and larvicidal activity of some tris-(para-substitutedphenyl) tins SO APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; Anopheles stephensi; aryltins; larvae; mosquitoes; QSAR; structure; toxicity; tris-(para-substitutedphenyl)tins ID ARYLTIN CHEMISTRY; LARVAE; TOXICITY; CRYSTAL AB A series of tris-(para-substitutedphenyl)tins (X - C6H4)(3)SnY, where X = Cl, F, CH3 and SCH3 and Y = Cl, OH and OAc, was synthesized. The structures of the compounds were primarily characterized by Mossbauer spectroscopy. Based on the spectroscopic data, the chloride derivatives were determined to be four-coordinated monomers and the acetate and hydroxide compounds were found to be five-coordinated polymers. The compounds were screened against the second larval instar of the Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. For the An. stephensi larvae, the compounds that had the highest toxicity were those that contained a single atom substituent on the phenyl ring, and the least effective compounds contained the SCH3 substituent. Toxicity was more dependent on the ring substituent than on the anion attached to the tin atom. Quantitative structure-activity relationships could be generated between the toxicity of the compounds and the surface area of the molecule, indicating that the toxicity was related to the size of the substituent on the ring. In the case of the Ae. aegypti, the toxicity was also more dependent on the ring substituent than on the anion group. However, the size of the substituent on the ring was not found to be the dominant factor in the toxicity of these compounds. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Dist Columbia, Dept Chem & Phys, Washington, DC 20008 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20064 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Eng, G (reprint author), Univ Dist Columbia, Dept Chem & Phys, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM geng@udc.edu NR 36 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-2605 J9 APPL ORGANOMET CHEM JI Appl. Organomet. Chem. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 18 IS 7 BP 363 EP 368 DI 10.1002/aoc.660 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 845UG UT WOS:000223270200010 ER PT J AU Perkins, DL Lovell, CR Bronk, BV Setlow, B Setlow, P Myrick, ML AF Perkins, DL Lovell, CR Bronk, BV Setlow, B Setlow, P Myrick, ML TI Effects of autoclaving on bacterial endospores studied by Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE headings; bacteria; bacillus; clostridium; endospores; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; microspectroscopy; autoclaving ID PYROLYSIS MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; SPECTROSCOPY; IDENTIFICATION; DISCRIMINATION; CHEMOMETRICS; EXPRESSION; STRAINS C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ S Carolina, Dept Sci Biol, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. US Army Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Air Force Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Mol Microbial & Struct Biol, Farmington, CT USA. RP Myrick, ML (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, 631 Sumter St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. OI Myrick, Michael/0000-0002-6905-0925 NR 15 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 58 IS 6 BP 749 EP 753 DI 10.1366/000370204873079 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 827LZ UT WOS:000221902700018 PM 15198830 ER PT J AU Jeong, JB Park, KH Kim, HY Hong, SH Kim, KH Chung, JK Komisar, JL Do Jeong, H AF Jeong, JB Park, KH Kim, HY Hong, SH Kim, KH Chung, JK Komisar, JL Do Jeong, H TI Multiplex PCR for the diagnosis of red sea bream iridoviruses isolated in Korea SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE Red sea bream iridovirus; Korea; sea perch imported; diagnosis; DNA homology; multiplex PCR ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; REPETITIVE DNA ELEMENTS; GENOME; FISH; INFECTION; VIRUSES; DISEASE; DEOXYRIBOVIRUS; GROUPER AB Amplification by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done to determine the presence of red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) in sea perch (Lateolabrax sp.) imported from China, targeting four genomic regions, the ribonucleotide reductase small subunit (RNRS) gene, the adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) gene, the DNA polymerase (DPOL) gene, and the Pst I restriction fragment, which have been considered to be potential target regions for the diagnosis of RSIV infection. In contrast to two other RSIVs, RSIV Sachun and RSIV Namhae, which were isolated in Korea, the newly isolated RSIV CH-I was not detected by PC R with one reported primer set specific for the Pst I restriction fragment. We cloned full-length Pst I restriction fragments from the genomic DNA of three different RSIVs after PCR with primers derived from regions just outside the Pst I restriction fragment using previously reported sequences (4436 bp long and designated as the K1 region), and sequenced the resulting cloned DNA. Two locations of sequence variation, around positions 24-41 and 425-446 in the Pst I restriction fragment, were found in closely related viruses. Nucleotide differences at the first position in RSIV CH-1 prevented the binding of the sense primer derived from the sequence of the reference strain (RSIV Ehime-1) and appeared to cause a negative result in PCR amplification of the targeted Pst I restriction fragment. For differentiation of these three different RSIVs, two primers, NF and CR, specific to RSIV Namhae and CH-1, respectively, were strategically designed by taking advantage of the nucleotide substitutions and a deletion of three successive nucleotides in the two variable positions of the Pst I restriction fragment. The specificity of these primers in general PCR was confirmed by using viral genomic DNAs and plasmids containing target genes of the different RSIVs as templates. In multiplex PCR with all four primers derived from two variable and two conserved positions in the Pst I restriction fragment of RSIV, it was possible to distinguish the three different RSIVs, RSIV Namhae, Sachun, and CH-1, from one another depending upon the different sizes of the PCR amplicons. Thus, the multiplex PCR developed in this study using a minimum number of strategically designed primers provides a basis for rapid and simple differentiation of RSIVs from different hosts or countries merely by the observation of the predicted amplicons and without the necessity of making nucleotide sequence comparisons. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pukyong Natl Univ, Dept Aquat Life Med, Pusan 608737, South Korea. Natl Fisheries R&D Inst, S Sea Fisheries Res Inst, Yeo Su, Jeon Nam, South Korea. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Do Jeong, H (reprint author), Pukyong Natl Univ, Dept Aquat Life Med, 599-1 Dae Yeon Dong, Pusan 608737, South Korea. EM Jeonghd@pknu.ac.kr NR 28 TC 9 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 EI 1873-5622 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD JUN 1 PY 2004 VL 235 IS 1-4 BP 139 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.02.011 PG 14 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 822NS UT WOS:000221547500011 ER PT J AU Schumm, WR Bell, DB Ender, MG Rice, RE AF Schumm, WR Bell, DB Ender, MG Rice, RE TI Expectations, use, and evaluation of communication media among deployed peacekeepers SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID HOME AB Expectations, Use, and Evaluation of Communication Media among Deployed Peacekeepers. C1 Kansas State Univ, Sch Family Studies & Human Serv, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Schumm, WR (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Sch Family Studies & Human Serv, Justin Hall,1700 Anderson Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM schumm@humec.ksu.edu; Davidbrucebell@msn.com; morten-ender@usma.edu; rice.rose@lincoln.navy.mil NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SUM PY 2004 VL 30 IS 4 BP 649 EP + DI 10.1177/0095327X0403000407 PG 16 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 857ZT UT WOS:000224160500006 ER PT J AU Wesensten, NJ Belenky, G Thorne, DR Kautz, MA Balkin, TJ AF Wesensten, NJ Belenky, G Thorne, DR Kautz, MA Balkin, TJ TI Modafinil vs. caffeine: Effects on fatigue during sleep deprivation SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE sleep deprivation; time on task; stimulants; vigilances ID INDUCED WAKEFULNESS; PERFORMANCE; ALERTNESS; AMPHETAMINE; BRAIN; RAT; PSYCHOSTIMULANT; TEMPERATURE; PREVENTION; PLACEBO AB Introduction: The extent to which modafinil and caffeine reverse fatigue effects (defined as performance decrements with time on task) during total sleep deprivation was investigated. Methods: There were 50 healthy young adults who remained awake for 54.5 h (06:30 day 1 to 13:00 day 3). A 10-min vigilance test was administered bi-hourly from 08:00 day 1 until 22:00 day 2. At 23:55 day 2 (after 41.5 h awake), double-blind administration of one of five drug doses (placebo; modafinil 100, 200, or 400 mg; or caffeine 600 mg; n = 10 per group) was followed by hourly testing from 00:00 through 12:00 day 3. Response speed (reciprocal of reaction time) across the 10-min task (by 1-min block) was analyzed prior to and after drug administration. Results: A fatigue effect (response speed degradation across the 10-min task) was exacerbated by sleep deprivation and circadian rhythmicity. Prior to the drug, this effect was maximal between 08:00 and 12:00 day 3 (24-28 h sleep deprivation). Modafinil 400 mg attenuated fatigue in a manner comparable to that seen with caffeine 600 mg; these effects were especially salient during the circadian nadir of performance (06:00 through 10:00); modafinil 200 mg also reversed fatigue, but for a shorter duration (3 min) than modafinil 400 mg (8 min) or caffeine 600 mg (6 min). Discussion and Conclusions: Time-on-task effects contributed to the performance degradation seen during sleep deprivation; effects which were reversed by caffeine and, at appropriate doses, by modafinil. Because the duration of efficacy for reversing time-on-task effects was shorter at lower drug dosages, the latter must be considered when determining the appropriate dose to use during sustained operations. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Wesensten, NJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM nancy.wesensten@na.amedd.army.mil NR 33 TC 57 Z9 63 U1 3 U2 9 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 75 IS 6 BP 520 EP 525 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 824IV UT WOS:000221680900008 PM 15198278 ER PT J AU Little, SF Webster, WM Norris, SLW Andrews, GP AF Little, SF Webster, WM Norris, SLW Andrews, GP TI Evaluation of an anti-rPA IgG ELISA for measuring the antibody response in mice SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article DE enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; recombinant vaccine; anthrax ID ANTHRAX PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; TOXIN; PROTEASE; RECEPTOR; VACCINE; MODEL; CELLS AB A recombinant protective antigen (rPA)-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to measure the serological response of female A/J mice after inoculation with the new rPA-based anthrax vaccine. Several fundamental parameters of the ELISA were evaluated: specificity, precision, accuracy, linearity, and stability. Experimental results suggested that the quantitative anti-rPA IgG ELISA could be used to measure antibody levels in female A/J mice and may be useful as a potency assay to monitor consistency of manufacture of a rPA-based vaccine for planned clinical trials. (C) 2004 The International Association for Biologicals. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Little, SF (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM stephen.little@amedd.army.mil NR 21 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1045-1056 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD JUN PY 2004 VL 32 IS 2 BP 62 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.biologicals.2004.02.001 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 862WU UT WOS:000224522900001 PM 15454183 ER PT J AU Bernstein, WB Cox, JH Aronson, NE Tracy, LR Schlienger, K Ratto-Kim, S Garner, R Cotte, J Zheng, ZH Winestone, L Liebig, C Galley, LM Connors, M Birx, DL Carroll, RG Levine, BL AF Bernstein, WB Cox, JH Aronson, NE Tracy, LR Schlienger, K Ratto-Kim, S Garner, R Cotte, J Zheng, ZH Winestone, L Liebig, C Galley, LM Connors, M Birx, DL Carroll, RG Levine, BL TI Immune reconstitution following autologous transfers of CD3/CD28 stimulated CD4(+) T cells to HIV-infected persons SO CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV; adoptive transfer; immune reconstitution; immunotherapy; ELISpot; TCR V beta; CD28 ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; CD28 COSTIMULATION; ADOPTIVE TRANSFER; TREATMENT INTERRUPTION; COMBINATION THERAPY; CD8(+); LYMPHOCYTES; REPERTOIRE; RESPONSES AB We have previously shown that adoptive transfer of in vitro CD3/CD28 activated autologous CD4(+) T cells results in increased CD4 counts and CD4/CD8 ratios in HIV+ subjects. In this report, analysis of variable beta (Vbeta) chain T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire showed that CD3/ CD28 stimulation was able to increase polyclonality within skewed spectra types in vitro. In vivo, two of eight subjects showed increase in TCR diversity and importantly, in no subject did a highly skewed in vivo repertoire emerge. Measurement of proliferative response to alloantigen showed increases following infusions. Response to pharmacological stimulus and lectin via Interferon-gamma ELISpot assay showed increases in a subset of subjects following infusions. However, interferon-gamma response to HIV antigens and peptides declined concurrent with stable or diminishing latent infectious viral load in CD4(+) T cells. These data provide further evidence that adoptive transfer of activated autologous CD4(+) T cells can augment the immune system. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Penn, Ctr Canc, Abramson Family Canc Res Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Levine, BL (reprint author), Univ Penn, Ctr Canc, Abramson Family Canc Res Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM levinebl@mail.med.upenn.edu RI Levine, Bruce/D-1688-2009; OI Winestone, Lena/0000-0001-9982-1594 NR 51 TC 17 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1521-6616 J9 CLIN IMMUNOL JI Clin. Immunol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 111 IS 3 BP 262 EP 274 DI 10.1016/j.clim.2004.03.004 PG 13 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 830WS UT WOS:000222155500005 PM 15183147 ER PT J AU Baum, SE Dooley, DP AF Baum, SE Dooley, DP TI Preventing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in cardiovascular surgery patients: Can we do any better? SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID STERNAL WOUND-INFECTION; POSTSTERNOTOMY MEDIASTINITIS; RISK-FACTORS; SURVIVAL C1 William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Baum, SE (reprint author), William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, 5005 N Piedras St, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. EM sue.baum@amedd.army.mil NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 11 BP 1561 EP 1563 DI 10.1086/420828 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 821QO UT WOS:000221477400009 PM 15156443 ER PT J AU Moores, L Bilello, KL Murin, S AF Moores, L Bilello, KL Murin, S TI Sex and gender issues and venous thromboembolism SO CLINICS IN CHEST MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-C; SUSPECTED PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT HEPARIN; FACTOR-V-LEIDEN; SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; COMBINED ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; HELICAL COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS AB Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are generally considered to be different but related manifestations of a single disease process, venous thromboembolism (VTE). Based upon a number of epidemiologic studies of varying design, the current best estimate of the cumulative incidence of diagnosed or fatal VTE is 0.71 to 1.17 cases per 1000 adult population per year [1]. This figure, applied to the United States population, leads to the estimate of approximately 250,000 such cases annually. However, because underdiagnosis of VTE is common, some authorities believe that the actual total annual incidence, including undiagnosed, nonfatal cases, may be much higher. The relationship between DVT and PE is clear. DVT of the lower extremities can be found in a majority of patients with PE, and approximately half of patients with DVT have evidence of PE, though PE is clinically silent in many of these cases. In most clinical studies of VTE, DVT is diagnosed approximately twice as often as PE, but in series including many autopsy-diagnosed cases, PE is diagnosed more often than DVT [2,3]. This discrepancy is presumably due to a combination of underdiagnosis of PE during life and detection of clinically irrelevant pulmonary emboli at autopsy in patients dying of other causes. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Fresno Program, Fresno, CA 93702 USA. Vet Affairs No Calif Healthcare Syst, Sacramento, CA USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Sacramento, CA USA. Cent Calif Fac Med Grp, Fresno, CA 93702 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Murin, S (reprint author), Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, 4150 V St,Suite 3400, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. EM sxmurin@ucdavis.edu NR 123 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-5231 J9 CLIN CHEST MED JI Clin. Chest Med. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 25 IS 2 BP 281 EP + DI 10.1016/j.ccm.2004.01.013 PG 18 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 819GX UT WOS:000221304100006 PM 15099889 ER PT J AU Parker, JM Guerrero, ML AF Parker, JM Guerrero, ML TI Airway function in women: bronchial hyperresponsiveness, cough, and vocal cord dysfunction SO CLINICS IN CHEST MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ASTHMA-LIKE SYMPTOMS; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; BODY-MASS INDEX; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; GENERAL-POPULATION; UNITED-STATES; INHALED CORTICOSTEROIDS; EXTRATHORACIC AIRWAY; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; REPORTED ASTHMA AB Asthma and cough are common medical problems that almost all physicians encounter at some time during their practice of medicine. Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) is being recognized increasingly as a problem that may confound the diagnosis of asthma or cough. Women are diagnosed with asthma and cough more frequently than men and represent the preponderance of patients who have VCD that are reported in the medical literature. Why women suffer disproportionately from upper and lower airway disorders is not well understood. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Parker, JM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM joseph.parker@na.amedd.army.mil NR 73 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-5231 J9 CLIN CHEST MED JI Clin. Chest Med. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 25 IS 2 BP 321 EP + DI 10.1016/j.ccm.2004.01.008 PG 12 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 819GX UT WOS:000221304100009 PM 15099892 ER PT J AU Holcomb, JB AF Holcomb, JB TI Methods for improved hemorrhage control SO CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Review DE hemorrhage; injury; mortality; trauma ID V LIVER-INJURIES; RECOMBINANT FACTOR VIIA; DECREASES BLOOD-LOSS; HYPOTHERMIC COAGULOPATHIC SWINE; ACTIVATED FACTOR-VII; HEMOSTATIC DRESSINGS; VENOUS HEMORRHAGE; HEPATIC-INJURY; TRAUMA; SURGERY AB Trauma is the leading cause of death from age 1 to 34 years and is the fifth leading cause of death overall in the USA, with uncontrolled hemorrhage being the leading cause of potentially preventable death. Improving our ability to control hemorrhage may represent the next major hurdle in reducing trauma mortality. New techniques, devices, and drugs for hemorrhage control are being developed and applied across the continuum of trauma care: prehospital, emergency room, and operative and postoperative critical care. This brief review focuses on drugs directed at life-threatening hemorrhage. The most important of these new drugs are injectable hemostatics, fibrin foams, and dressings. The available animal studies are encouraging and human studies are required. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Trauma Div, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Holcomb, JB (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Trauma Div, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM John.Holcomb@cen.amedd.army.mil NR 37 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1466-609X J9 CRIT CARE JI Crit. Care PD JUN PY 2004 VL 8 SU 2 BP S57 EP S60 DI 10.1186/cc2407 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 847CP UT WOS:000223366800015 PM 15196327 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Linde-Zwirble, WT Angus, DC AF Shorr, AF Linde-Zwirble, WT Angus, DC TI No longer the "expensive scare unit"? SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID CARE C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Hlth Proc Management LLC, Doylestown, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Crit Care Med, CRISMA Lab, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Angus, Derek/E-9671-2012 NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 32 IS 6 BP 1408 EP 1409 DI 10.1097/01.CCM.0000128586.33271.1F PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 831NQ UT WOS:000222201600027 PM 15187527 ER PT J AU Newman, LA Reynolds, CM AF Newman, LA Reynolds, CM TI Phytodegradation of organic compounds SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID PETROLEUM-CONTAMINATED SOIL; JET FUEL JP-8; WEATHERED P,P'-DDE; RHIZOSPHERE-MICROFLORA; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; CUCURBITA-PEPO; CRUDE-OIL; PHYTOREMEDIATION; PLANTS; DEGRADATION AB The phytodegradation of organic compounds can take place inside the plant or within the rhizosphere of the plant. Many different compounds and classes of compounds can be removed from the environment by this method, including solvents in groundwater, petroleum and aromatic compounds in soils, and volatile compounds in the air. Although still a relatively new area of research, there are many laboratories studying the underlying science necessary for a wide range of applications for plant-based remediation of organic contaminants. C1 Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. USA, Engineer Res Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Newman, LA (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, 800 Sumter St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM Newman2@gwm.sc.edu FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P42 ES04696] NR 66 TC 108 Z9 120 U1 6 U2 63 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 15 IS 3 BP 225 EP 230 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2004.04.006 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 835ZF UT WOS:000222523800010 PM 15193330 ER PT J AU Tarm, K Creel, NB Krivda, SJ Turiansky, GW AF Tarm, K Creel, NB Krivda, SJ Turiansky, GW TI Granulomatous periorificial dermatitis SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID PERIORAL DERMATITIS; ROSACEA AB Granulomatous periorificial dermatitis (GPD) is a distinct facial eruption in prepubertal children that should be distinguished from granulomatous rosacea, perioral dermatitis, and cutaneous sarcoidosis. We describe a case of GPD and review the key distinguishing features of this condition. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Natl Capital Consortium Dermatol Residency Progra, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Tarm, K (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUN PY 2004 VL 73 IS 6 BP 399 EP 402 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 829AR UT WOS:000222015700007 PM 15224784 ER PT J AU Eggleton, MA Miranda, LE Kirk, JP AF Eggleton, MA Miranda, LE Kirk, JP TI Assessing the potential for fish predation to impact zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha): insight from bioenergetics models SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH LA English DT Article DE fish predation; zebra mussels; invasive species; bioenergetics; food consumption ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER; NORTH-AMERICA; LAKE-ERIE; YELLOW PERCH; ONEIDA LAKE; NEW-YORK; RATES; PATTERNS; ECOLOGY; RESPONSES AB Rates of annual food consumption and biomass were modeled for several fish species across representative rivers and lakes in eastern North America. Results were combined to assess the relative potential of fish predation to impact zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha). Predicted annual food consumption by fishes in southern waters was over 100% greater than that in northern systems because of warmer annual water temperatures and presumed increases in metabolic demand. Although generally increasing with latitude, biomasses of several key zebra mussel fish predators did not change significantly across latitudes. Biomasses of some less abundant fish predators did increase significantly with latitude, but increases were not of the magnitude to offset predicted decreases in food consumption. Our results generally support the premise that fishes in rivers and lakes of the southern United States (U.S.) have inherently greater potential to impact zebra mussels by predation. Our simulations may provide a partial explanation of why zebra mussel invasions have not been as rapid and widespread in southern U.S. waters compared to the Great Lakes region. C1 Univ Arkansas, Aquaculture Fisheries Ctr, Pine Bluff, AR 71601 USA. Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, USGS Biol Resources Div, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Environm Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Eggleton, MA (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Aquaculture Fisheries Ctr, 1200 N Univ Dr,Box 4912, Pine Bluff, AR 71601 USA. EM meggleton@uaex.edu NR 53 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0906-6691 EI 1600-0633 J9 ECOL FRESHW FISH JI Ecol. Freshw. Fish PD JUN PY 2004 VL 13 IS 2 BP 85 EP 95 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0633.2004.00033.x PG 11 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 819FB UT WOS:000221298900002 ER PT J AU Arroyo, CM Burman, DL Sweeney, RE Broomfield, CA Ross, MC Hackley, BE AF Arroyo, CM Burman, DL Sweeney, RE Broomfield, CA Ross, MC Hackley, BE TI Neutralization effects of interleukin-6 (IL-6) antibodies on sulfur mustard (HD)-induced IL-6 secretion on human epidermal keratinocytes SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sulfur mustard; HD; human interleukin-6; anti-IL-6 antibodies; keratinocytes; human skin cells; immunocytologic assay; RT-PCR ID HD; CYTOKINES; THERAPY AB The proinflammatory cytokine human interleukin-6 (hIL-6) plays an important role in the early and late courses of inflammation, trauma, and wound healing caused by sulfur mustard (HID). Previously, we demonstrated that hIL-6 might be involved in the early event of structural changes of the signal transducer glycoprotein, which indirectly initiates the cascade of events, such as skin irritation and blister formation observed in the pathophysiology of HD injury. In this present work, we focus on the neutralization effect of IL-6 antibodies with regard to the modulation of hIL-6 secretion. Levels of secreted cytokine hIL-6 in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) stimulated with HD (10(-4)M) and incubated for 24 h at 37 degreesC were determined by enzyme immunoassay, protein immunocytologic assay and reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The ratio of HD-treated NHEK to constitutive non-stimulated NHEK controls (S/C) on the induction of hIL-6 is reported. S/C was four-fold higher than non-stimulated NHEK controls as determined by ELISA. By using a more sensitive immunocytologic assay, Luminex(100)(TM), the increment was verified. hIL-6 levels in NHEK stimulated with HD were 21 +/- 11 ng/mL as measured by Luminex(100)(TM). The messenger RNA expression of the cytokine (hIL-6) gene was analyzed semiquantitatively. RT-PCR demonstrated that HD induced an increase in the transcription of hIL-6 gene. Selective immunosuppression, using IL-6 neutralizing antibodies, led to a reduction of such expression of HD-induced transcription of hIL-6 in human keratinocytes. The neutralization by pre-incubating NHEK with monoclonal anti-IL6 antibodies decreased hIL-6 secretion by 76% +/- 1.8 (* P < 0.05). (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Arroyo, CM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM carmen.arroyo@amedd.army.mil NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1382-6689 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL PHAR JI Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 17 IS 2 BP 87 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.etap.2004.03.004 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 844SQ UT WOS:000223180500005 PM 21782718 ER PT J AU Mathew, A Sinha, R Burt, R Caan, B Paskett, E Iber, F Kikendall, W Lance, P Shike, M Weissfeld, J Schatzkin, A Lanza, E AF Mathew, A Sinha, R Burt, R Caan, B Paskett, E Iber, F Kikendall, W Lance, P Shike, M Weissfeld, J Schatzkin, A Lanza, E CA Polyp Prevention Study Grp TI Meat intake and the recurrence of colorectal adenomas SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE recurrent colorectal adenomas; red meat; white meat ID COLON-CANCER; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; UNITED-STATES; RISK; CONSUMPTION; WOMEN; FIBER; FAT; DIET; MEN AB A large multicenter randomized controlled trial was reassessed to check whether meat intake and a reduction in its consumption are associated with recurrence of adenomatous polyps of the large bowel, which are precursors of most colorectal malignancies. All subjects (n = 1905; 958 interventions and 947 controls) had one or more histologically confirmed colorectal adenomas removed during a colonoscopy within 6 months before randomization. The subjects were followed-up for approximately 4 years after randomization and a colonoscopy for detecting adenomas was conducted at the 1st and 4th year after randomization. Dietary variables were assessed at baseline (TO) and in conjunction with annual visits at the end of the 1st (T1), 2nd (T2), 3rd (T3) and 4th (T4) years. Odds ratios using logistic regression models for meat variables were estimated based on the average intake at TO, T1, T2, T3 and T4 (prior to the T4 colonoscopy) as well as change (T0-T4) in intake. In the intervention group, the total reduction in median intake of red meat from TO to T4 was observed by the end of 1st year itself (30 and 31% for men and women, respectively). The analysis provide no evidence to suggest that lower intake or reduction in total and in red meat consumption during a period of 4 years reduces the risk of adenoma recurrence (including multiple or advanced adenoma), whereas the data suggest that high intake of fish is associated with lower risk of adenoma recurrence. (C) 2004 Lippincott Williams Wilkins. C1 Reg Canc Ctr, Div Epidemiol & Clin Res, Nutrit Epidemiol Branch, Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Kaiser Fdn Res Inst, Oakland, CA USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. NCI, Canc Prevent Studies Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Mathew, A (reprint author), Reg Canc Ctr, Div Epidemiol & Clin Res, Nutrit Epidemiol Branch, Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India. EM amathew@rcctvm.org RI Sinha, Rashmi/G-7446-2015 OI Sinha, Rashmi/0000-0002-2466-7462 NR 22 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0959-8278 J9 EUR J CANCER PREV JI Eur. J. Cancer Prev. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 13 IS 3 BP 159 EP 164 DI 10.1097/cej.0000130022.23806.7b PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 830EA UT WOS:000222103200002 PM 15167213 ER PT J AU Fleming, SM Zhu, CN Fernagut, PO Mehta, A DiCarlo, CD Seaman, RL Chesselet, MF AF Fleming, SM Zhu, CN Fernagut, PO Mehta, A DiCarlo, CD Seaman, RL Chesselet, MF TI Behavioral and immunohistochemical effects of chronic intravenous and subcutaneous infusions of varying doses of rotenone SO EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE mitochondria complex 1; rotenone; microglia; motor function; tyrosine hydroxylase ID MITOCHONDRIAL COMPLEX-I; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; DOPAMINERGIC-NEURONS; SUBSTANTIA-NIGRA; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; 3-NITROPROPIONIC ACID; CYTOCHROME-OXIDASE; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; MICE LACKING; RAT MODELS AB Mitochondrial toxins such as the complex 1 inhibitor rotenone are widely used as pesticides and may be present in military environments. Administration of rotenone can induce biochemical and histological alterations similar to those of Parkinson's disease in rats. However, only a subset of animals show these effects and it is unclear whether more subtle alterations are caused by chronic administration of rotenone in those animals that appear resistant to its toxic effects on dopaminergic nerve terminals. To address this question, vehicle or rotenone (2.0, 2.5, or 3.5 mg/kg/day) was administered intravenously or subcutaneously for 21 days to adult rats, and rotenone effects on survival, motor behavior, and striatal tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity (TH-IR) were examined. Both intravenous and subcutaneous rotenone induced a dose-dependent decrease in survival rates. Surviving animals showed a decrease in spontaneous rearing. Locomotor activity and movement initiation time were also altered in some of the experimental groups. Confirming previous results, TH-IR in the striatum was markedly decreased in rats that fell ill early in the study and in a few of the surviving rats with high rotenone doses. However, none of the surviving rats receiving 2.0 mg/kg/day showed TH-IR loss reminiscent of Parkinson's disease, and loss of striatal TH-IR across doses was not correlated with motor behavior in individual rats. Thus, chronic administration of low doses of rotenone induces motor anomalies even in animals that do not develop histological signs of Parkinson's disease, indicating a pervasive neurological effect of moderate mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurobiol, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. USA, Med Res Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. USAMRD, McKesson Bioserv, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Chesselet, MF (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, David Geffen Sch Med, 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM MChesselet@mednet.ucla.edu OI Fernagut, Pierre-Olivier/0000-0002-7737-5439 NR 55 TC 105 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4886 J9 EXP NEUROL JI Exp. Neurol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 187 IS 2 BP 418 EP 429 DI 10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.01.023 PG 12 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 823HU UT WOS:000221602200021 PM 15144868 ER PT J AU Baron, RM Carvajal, IM Fredenburgh, LE Liu, XL Porrata, Y Cullivan, ML Haley, KJ Sonna, LA De Sanctis, GT Ingenito, EP Perrella, MA AF Baron, RM Carvajal, IM Fredenburgh, LE Liu, XL Porrata, Y Cullivan, ML Haley, KJ Sonna, LA De Sanctis, GT Ingenito, EP Perrella, MA TI Nitric oxide synthase-2 down-regulates surfactant protein-B expression and enhances endotoxin-induced lung injury in mice SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acute respiratory distress syndrome; inflammation; cytokines; gene transcription; LPS ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; MOUSE; DYSFUNCTION; SEPSIS; ARDS AB Acute respiratory distress syndrome ( ARDS) is a life-threatening ailment characterized by severe lung injury involving inflammatory cell recruitment to the lung, cytokine production, surfactant dysfunction, and up-regulation of nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) resulting in nitric oxide ( NO) production. We hypothesized that NO production from NOS2 expressed in lung parenchymal cells in a murine model of ARDS would correlate with abnormal surfactant function and reduced surfactant protein-B (SP-B) expression. Pulmonary responses to nebulized endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) were evaluated in wild-type (WT) mice, NOS2 null (-/-) mice, and NOS2-chimeric animals derived from bone marrow transplantation. NOS2(-/-) animals exhibited significantly less physiologic lung dysfunction and loss of SP-B expression than did WT animals. However, lung neutrophil recruitment and bronchoalveolar lavage cytokine levels did not significantly differ between NOS2(-/-) and WT animals. Chimeric animals for NOS2 exhibited the phenotype of the recipient and therefore demonstrated that parenchymal production of NOS2 is critical for the development of LPS-induced lung injury. Furthermore, administration of NO donors, independent of cytokine stimulation, decreased SP-B promoter activity and mRNA expression in mouse lung epithelial cells. This study demonstrates that expression of NOS2 in lung epithelial cells is critical for the development of lung injury and mediates surfactant dysfunction independent of NOS2 inflammatory cell expression and cytokine production. C1 Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Perrella, MA (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM mperrella@rics.bwh.harvard.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL60788]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI054465]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM53249] NR 40 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 18 IS 9 BP 1276 EP + DI 10.1096/fj.04-1518fje PG 24 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 833HJ UT WOS:000222327500003 PM 15208261 ER PT J AU Frattarelli, JL Peterson, EH AF Frattarelli, JL Peterson, EH TI Effect of androgen levels on in vitro fertilization cycles SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Editorial Material ID REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY CYCLES; CITRATE CHALLENGE TEST; PROGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT; OVARIAN RESERVE C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Frattarelli, JL (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM john.frattarelli@amedd.army.mil NR 8 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 81 IS 6 BP 1713 EP 1714 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.11.032 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 830GB UT WOS:000222108800047 PM 15193506 ER PT J AU Payson, M Armstrong, A AF Payson, M Armstrong, A TI "Backwalling" is not good for the embryo SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Combined Fed Program Reprod Endocrinol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Payson, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Combined Fed Program Reprod Endocrinol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 81 IS 6 BP 1723 EP 1724 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.04.003 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 830GB UT WOS:000222108800059 PM 15193518 ER PT J AU Kim, DH Berkowitz, MJ AF Kim, DH Berkowitz, MJ TI Fracture of the calcaneus associated with talocalcaneal coalition SO FOOT & ANKLE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article C1 Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed, Denver, CO USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Foot & Ankle Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Kim, DH (reprint author), Colorado Permanente Med Grp, Dept Orthopaed, 2045 Franklin St, Denver, CO 80205 USA. EM david.h.kim@kp.org NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC FOOT & ANKLE SOC, INC PI SEATTLE PA 2517 EASTLAKE AVE EAST, STE 200, SEATTLE, WA 98102 USA SN 1071-1007 J9 FOOT ANKLE INT JI Foot Ankle Int. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 25 IS 6 BP 426 EP 428 PG 3 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 854FE UT WOS:000223885900012 PM 15215030 ER PT J AU Brandt, HE AF Brandt, HE TI Intrinsic gravitational regularization of quantum fields SO FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE quantum field theory; spacetime tangent bundle; gravitation; regularization; vacuum energy; cosmological constant ID SPACETIME TANGENT BUNDLE AB One implication of maximal proper acceleration is an intrinsic regularization of quantum fields which depends on the universal gravitational constant. It also follows that the vacuum energy density, seen by any one observer, is finite. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Brandt, HE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM hbrandt@arl.army.mil NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0894-9875 J9 FOUND PHYS LETT JI Found. Phys. Lett. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 17 IS 3 BP 295 EP 300 DI 10.1023/B:FOPL.0000032479.06491.eb PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 830SH UT WOS:000222142700007 ER PT J AU Philippe, P Garcia, MR West, BJ AF Philippe, P Garcia, MR West, BJ TI Evidence of "essential uncertainty" in emergency-ward length of stay SO FRACTALS-COMPLEX GEOMETRY PATTERNS AND SCALING IN NATURE AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE emergency system; length of stay; hospital; complex system; Fractal; inverse power law ID TIME-SERIES; HEALTH; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HOSPITALS; NOISE; CHAOS; CARE AB Scaling in random time series is a novel way of gaining insight into mechanisms of complex systems. Scaling parameters characterize searches for the presence of "essential" uncertainty in outcomes of complex systems. The presence of this type of uncertainty in the emergency system (ES) can point to unusual ways of relieving the financial burden to the health system and improve the public health. The objective of this paper is to test for the presence of "essential" uncertainty in an outcome variable of the ES, i.e. emergency-ward length of stay (EWLS). An inverse power law (IPL) function fit to data can assess "essential" uncertainty. The study of EWLS has been undertaken in ten large Quebec hospitals. We find that all hospital EWLS are well fit by an IPL, as determined by an aggregated allometric relation. The presence of "essential" uncertainty is further confirmed by stratifying the EWLS according to proxies of disease complexity and severity at entry in emergency ward. Results point out that the various hospital dynamic systems embed "essential" uncertainty to various degrees. We conclude that intervention to reduce hospital health care costs must be centered on the interaction and feedback characterizing the ES processing of the patients. C1 Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Philippe, P (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Dept Social & Prevent Med, M Dyouville Bldg,POB 6128,Stn Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. EM philippp@sympatico.ca; mluizagarcia@globo.com; westb@aro-emh1.army.mil NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-348X J9 FRACTALS JI Fractals-Complex Geom. Patterns Scaling Nat. Soc. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 12 IS 2 BP 197 EP 209 DI 10.1142/S0218348X04002495 PG 13 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Mathematics; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 838VV UT WOS:000222742300005 ER PT J AU Tordesillas, A Peters, JF Gardiner, BS AF Tordesillas, A Peters, JF Gardiner, BS TI Insights into 1D localisation theory and micromechanical constitutive laws SO GEOTECHNIQUE LA English DT Article DE constitutive relations; deformation; fabric/structure of soils; failure; strain localisation ID GRANULAR MEDIA; SHEAR BANDS; DEFORMATION; SAND; STRAIN; MODELS; TESTS C1 Univ Melbourne, Dept Math & Stat, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Tordesillas, A (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Math & Stat, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RI Gardiner, Bruce/C-8593-2012 NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU THOMAS TELFORD SERVICES LTD PI LONDON PA THOMAS TELFORD HOUSE, 1 HERON QUAY, LONDON E14 4JD, ENGLAND SN 0016-8505 J9 GEOTECHNIQUE JI Geotechnique PD JUN PY 2004 VL 54 IS 5 BP 327 EP 330 DI 10.1680/geot.54.5.327.46727 PG 4 WC Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA 836WY UT WOS:000222588100006 ER PT J AU Parker, LV Clark, CH AF Parker, LV Clark, CH TI Study of five discrete-interval-type ground water sampling devices SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION LA English DT Article ID HYDROCHEMICAL PROFILES; MULTILAYER SAMPLER; METALS AB Five relatively newly developed discrete-interval-type ground water sampling devices-the KABIS, HydraSleeve, Discrete Interval, Pneumo-Bailer, and USGS passive diffusion bag (PDB) samplers-were tested to determine their ability to recover representative concentrations of a variety of analytes-volatile organics, explosives, pesticides, and metals-from a standpipe and trichloroethylene (TCE) from a deep monitoring well. Samples taken from a well were compared with samples taken using low-flow sampling. The PDB sampler was the easiest to use, but could only be used to sample volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The HydraSleeve and the KABIS samplers were also easy to use; these devices produced representative concentrations of explosives, pesticides, and metals in the standpipe experiments, but elevated the turbidity in our monitoring well. Although there were statistically significant differences for some VOCs with both devices, these differences were generally very small (< 5%). The one exception was an 18% loss of TCE with the KABIS sampler. The Discrete Interval sampler and the Pneumo-Bailer are pressurized devices that are designed to only collect a sample when activated. The Pneumo-Bailer was heavy and awkward to handle, required a nitrogen tank in the field, and involved many steps to operate. The Discrete Interval sampler only required a bicycle pump to pressurize the chamber and was lighter and easier to handle and operate than its counterpart. Both devices generally delivered representative concentrations of all the analytes tested. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, ERDC,CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Parker, LV (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, ERDC,CRREL, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM lparker@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 10 PU NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 601 DEMPSEY RD, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 USA SN 1069-3629 J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat. PD SUM PY 2004 VL 24 IS 3 BP 111 EP 123 PG 13 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 850FC UT WOS:000223595600011 ER PT J AU Nindl, BC Headley, SA Tuckow, AP Pandorf, CE Diamandi, A Khosravi, MJ Welles, R Jones, M Germain, M AF Nindl, BC Headley, SA Tuckow, AP Pandorf, CE Diamandi, A Khosravi, MJ Welles, R Jones, M Germain, M TI IGF-I system responses during 12 weeks of resistance training in end-stage renal disease patients SO GROWTH HORMONE & IGF RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE insulin-like growth factor binding proteins; ternary complex; magnetic separation; exercise; kidney ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; BINDING-PROTEINS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; EXERCISE; HORMONE; MEDIATORS; FAILURE; SERUM AB Objective: To examine the hypothesis that 12 weeks of resistance training would alter circulating concentrations of IGF-1 system components in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Design: Ten ESRD patients underwent 12 weeks of resistance training after a 6 week control period and had morning fasted blood drawn on four occasions (weeks - 6, 0, 6, 12). Immunoassays were performed for serum total and free IGF-I, IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) 2 and 3, and the acid labile subunit (ALS). Immunoaffinity depletion of ALS-based complexes allowed measurement of non-ternary (i.e., binary) IGF-I and IGFBP-3. Results: Significant improvements in strength and functional performance were observed. All IGF-I measures were stable during the control period and no changes were observed for the first 6 weeks of resistance training. At week 12, total IGF-I (-15.4+/-28.9%), ternary IGF-I (-16.4+/-36.7%), and the IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio had significantly (Pless than or equal to0.05) declined from week 0 values. No changes were observed for free IGF-I, IGFBPs 2 and 3, or the acid labile subunit. The proportion of IGF-I in ternary (similar to76.3+/-6.8%), non-ternary (similar to22.5+/-6.6%), and free (similar to1.2+/-0.5%) forms remained constant throughout the training. Conclusions: 12 weeks of resistance training in ESRD patients induced a decline in total IGF-I, but did not alter the proportion of IGF-I circulating in free, ternary or non-ternary molecular complexes. The decline in IGF-I occurs in the presence of positive training adaptations on physical performance and we conclude that this response pattern appears to be reflective of favorable neuromuscular anabolic adaptations. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Springfield Coll, Dept Exercise Sci & Sport Studies, Exercise Sci Program, Springfield, MA 01109 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Lab Med & Pathobiol, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada. Mt Sinai Hosp, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada. Pioneer Valley Dialysis Ctr, W Springfield, MA 01085 USA. RP Nindl, BC (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM bradley.nindl@na.amedd.army.mil NR 26 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 1096-6374 J9 GROWTH HORM IGF RES JI Growth Horm. IGF Res. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 14 IS 3 BP 245 EP 250 DI 10.1016/j.ghir.2004.01.007 PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 825EZ UT WOS:000221740100008 PM 15125886 ER PT J AU Cura, JJ Bridges, TS McArdle, ME AF Cura, JJ Bridges, TS McArdle, ME TI Comparative risk assessment methods and their applicability to dredged material management decision-making SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE comparative risk assessment; dredged material; risk-based decisions; risk evaluation methods ID TROPHIC TRANSFER; UNCERTAINTY; VARIABILITY; SEDIMENTS AB This article reviews the status of comparative risk assessment within the context of environmental decision-making; evaluates its potential application as a decision-making framework for selecting alternative technologies for dredged material management; and makes recommendations for implementing such a framework. One of the most important points from this review for decision-making is that comparative risk assessment, however conducted, is an inherently subjective, value-laden process. There is some objection to this lack of total scientific objectivity ("hard version" of comparative risk assessment). However, the "hard versions" provide little help in suggesting a method that surmounts the psychology of choice in decision-making schemes. The application of comparative risk assessment in the decision-making process at dredged material management facilities will have an element of value and professional judgment in the process. The literature suggests that the best way to incorporate this subjectivity and still maintain a defensible comparative framework is to develop a method that is logically consistent and allows for uncertainty by comparing risks on the basis of more than one set of criteria, more than one set of categories, and more than one set of experts. It should incorporate a probabilistic approach where necessary and possible, based on management goals. C1 Menzie Cura & Associates Inc, Winchester, MA 01890 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Cura, JJ (reprint author), Menzie Cura & Associates Inc, 8 Winchester Pl,Suite 202, Winchester, MA 01890 USA. EM jcura@menziecura.com NR 46 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 10 IS 3 BP 485 EP 503 DI 10.1080/10807030490452160 PG 19 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 837LS UT WOS:000222637500003 ER PT J AU Williams, KE Voigt, JR AF Williams, KE Voigt, JR TI Evaluation of a computerized aid for creating human behavioral representations of human-computer interaction SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article AB The research reported herein presents the results of an empirical evaluation that focused on the accuracy and reliability of cognitive models created using a computerized tool: the cognitive analysis tool for human-computer interaction (CAT-HCI). A sample of participants, expert in interacting with a newly developed tactical display for the U.S. Army's Bradley Fighting Vehicle, individually modeled their knowledge of 4 specific tasks employing the CAT-HCI tool. Measures of the accuracy and consistency of task models created by these task domain experts using the tool were compared with task models created by a double expert. The findings indicated a high degree of consistency and accuracy between the different "single experts" in the task domain in terms of the resultant models generated using the tool. Actual or potential applications of this research include assessing human-computer interaction complexity, determining the productivity of human-computer interfaces, and analyzing an interface design to determine whether methods can be automated. C1 Univ Cent Florida, Dept Ind Engn & Management Syst, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. USA, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Williams, KE (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Ind Engn & Management Syst, 4000 Cent Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM kwilliam@mail.ucf.edu NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD SUM PY 2004 VL 46 IS 2 BP 288 EP 303 DI 10.1518/hfes.46.2.288.37343 PG 16 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA 844LM UT WOS:000223159700010 PM 15359678 ER PT J AU Chang, CI Ren, H Chang, CC D'Amico, F Jensen, JO AF Chang, CI Ren, H Chang, CC D'Amico, F Jensen, JO TI Estimation of subpixel target size for remotely sensed imagery SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE fully constrained least squares (FCLS); fully constrained least squares linear unmixing (FCLSLU); nonnegativity constrained least squares (NCLS); sum-to-one constrained least squares (SCLS); unconstrained least squares (ULS); unsupervised fully constrained least squares linear unmixing (UFCLSLU) ID SUBSPACE PROJECTION APPROACH; HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY; CLASSIFICATION AB One of the challenges in remote sensing image processing is subpixel detection where the target size is smaller than the ground sampling distance, therefore, embedded in a single pixel. Under such a circumstance, these targets can be only detected spectrally at the subpixel level, not spatially as ordinarily conducted by classical image processing techniques. This paper investigates a more challenging issue than subpixel detection, which is the estimation of target size at the subpixel level. More specifically, when a subpixel target is detected, we would like to know "what is the size of this particular target within the pixel?" The proposed approach is to estimate the abundance fraction of a subpixel target present in a pixel, then find what portion it contributes to the pixel that can be used to determine the size of the subpixel target by multiplying the ground sampling distance. In order to make our idea work, the subpixel target abundance fraction must be accurately estimated to truly reflect the portion of a subpixel target occupied within a pixel. So, a fully constrained linear unmixing method is required to reliably estimate the abundance fractions of a subpixel target for its size estimation. In this paper, a recently developed fully constrained least squares linear unmixing is used for this purpose. Experiments are conducted to demonstrate the utility of the proposed method in comparison with an unconstrained linear unmixing method, unconstrained least squares method, two partially constrained least square linear unmixing methods, sum-to-one constrained least squares, and nonnegativity constrained least squares. C1 Univ Maryland, Remote Sensing Signal & Image Proc Lab, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. Natl Cent Univ, Ctr Space & Remote Sense Res, Dept Informat Engn, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Chang, CI (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Remote Sensing Signal & Image Proc Lab, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. NR 11 TC 34 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JUN PY 2004 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1309 EP 1320 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2004.826559 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 830NT UT WOS:000222129900020 ER PT J AU Mohamed, N Li, J Ferreira, CS Little, SF Friedlander, AM Spitalny, GL Casey, LS AF Mohamed, N Li, J Ferreira, CS Little, SF Friedlander, AM Spitalny, GL Casey, LS TI Enhancement of anthrax lethal toxin cytotoxicity: a subset of monoclonal antibodies against protective antigen increases lethal toxin-mediated killing of murine macrophages SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID FC-GAMMA-RI; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; DEPENDENT ENHANCEMENT; VIRUS-INFECTION; DENDRITIC CELLS; CELLULAR RECEPTOR; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; EUKARYOTIC CELLS; IN-VITRO; BINDING AB We investigated the ability of using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against anthrax protective antigen (PA), an anthrax exotoxin component, to modulate exotoxin cytotoxic activity on target macrophage cell lines. Anthrax PA plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Bacillus anthracis infection. PA is the cell-binding component of the two anthrax exotoxins: lethal toxin (LeTx) and edema toxin. Several MAbs that bind the PA component of LeTx are known to neutralize LeTx-mediated killing of target macrophages. Here we describe for the first time an overlooked population of anti-PA MAbs that, in contrast, function to increase the potency of LeTx against murine macrophage cell lines. The results support a possible mechanism of enhancement: binding of MAb to PA on the macrophage cell surface stabilizes the PA by interaction of MAb with macrophage Fcgamma receptors. This results in an increase in the amount of PA bound to the cell surface, which in turn leads to an enhancement in cell killing, most likely due to increased internalization of LF. Blocking of PA-receptor binding eliminates enhancement by MAb, demonstrating the importance of this step for the observed enhancement. The additional significance of these results is that, at least in mice, immunization with PA appears to elicit a polyclonal response that has a significant prevalence of MAbs that enhance LeTx-mediated killing in macrophages. C1 Elusys Therapeut Inc, Pine Brook, NJ 07058 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Mohamed, N (reprint author), Elusys Therapeut Inc, 10 Bloomfield Ave, Pine Brook, NJ 07058 USA. EM Nmohamed@elusys.com NR 45 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 72 IS 6 BP 3276 EP 3283 DI 10.1128/IAI.72.6.3276-3283.2004 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 824CT UT WOS:000221662400022 PM 15155630 ER PT J AU Dorman, SE Hatem, CL Tyagi, S Aird, K Lopez-Molina, J Pitt, MLM Zook, BC Dannenberg, AM Bishai, WR Manabe, YC AF Dorman, SE Hatem, CL Tyagi, S Aird, K Lopez-Molina, J Pitt, MLM Zook, BC Dannenberg, AM Bishai, WR Manabe, YC TI Susceptibility to tuberculosis: Clues from studies with inbred and outbred New Zealand white rabbits (vol 72, pg 1700, 2004) SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Correction C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Pathol, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Int Hlth, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Aerobiol & Prod Evaluat, Frederick, MD USA. George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC USA. RP Dorman, SE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 72 IS 6 BP 3695 EP 3695 DI 10.1128/IAI.72.6.3695.2004 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 824CT UT WOS:000221662400080 ER PT J AU Hospenthal, DR AF Hospenthal, DR TI Management of candidemia SO INFECTIONS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Candida; antifungal therapy ID CANDIDIASIS; GUIDELINES C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Hospenthal, DR (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCP COMMUNICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 134 W 29TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001-5304 USA SN 0749-6524 J9 INFECT MED JI Infect. Med. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 21 IS 6 BP 265 EP + PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 830RN UT WOS:000222140700006 ER PT J AU Kiwanuka, N Robb, M Kigozi, G Birx, D Philips, J Wabwire-Mangen, F Wawer, MJ Nalugoda, F Sewankambo, NK Serwadda, D Gray, RH AF Kiwanuka, N Robb, M Kigozi, G Birx, D Philips, J Wabwire-Mangen, F Wawer, MJ Nalugoda, F Sewankambo, NK Serwadda, D Gray, RH TI Knowledge about vaccines and willingness to participate in preventive HIV vaccine trials - A population-based study, Rakai, Uganda SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE vaccines; HIV vaccines; willingness; Rakai ID AIDS-PREVENTION; COMMUNITY TRIAL; GAY MEN; RISK; ACCEPTABILITY; BEHAVIORS; ATTITUDES; INFECTION; MILITARY; THAILAND AB The purpose of the study was to assess knowledge and beliefs regarding vaccines and willingness to participate in HIV vaccine trials. A baseline survey assessed knowledge and attitudes toward vaccination and potential HIV vaccines among 14,177 participants aged 15-49 years, in a population cohort. Willingness to participate in HIV-preventive vaccine trials was assessed during a follow-up survey 10 months later after providing community education on HIV vaccines. Knowledge of the preventive utility of vaccines was high (71%), but higher in men than women (P < 0.001), and increased with education levels (P < 0.001). Vaccines were considered appropriate for children and women (99 and 88%, respectively), but not for adult men (28%). Participants felt that adolescents were the most appropriate subjects for HIV preventive vaccine trials (93.7%) but also thought that HIV-positive persons were eligible for trials (60.2%), and only 20% thought a preventive vaccine could help control HIV. HIV vaccine awareness increased from 68% at baseline to 81% at follow-up (P < 0.001). Willingness to participate in HIV-preventive vaccine trials was 77%. Vaccine knowledge and willingness to participate in trials are high in this population. However, there still is need for education on the potential role of preventive HIV vaccines in the control of the epidemic and the importance of vaccination for men, especially in the context of an HIV vaccine. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Populat & Family Hlth Sci, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Uganda Virus Res Inst, Rakai Project, Entebbe, Uganda. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. Makerere Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. Columbia Univ, Ctr Populat & Family Hlth, New York, NY USA. Makerere Univ, Dept Med, Fac Med, Kampala, Uganda. RP Gray, RH (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Populat & Family Hlth Sci, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Room W4030,615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM rgray@jhsph.edu OI Sewankambo, Nelson/0000-0001-9362-053X NR 23 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUN 1 PY 2004 VL 36 IS 2 BP 721 EP 725 DI 10.1097/00126334-200406010-00009 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 825PC UT WOS:000221769400009 PM 15167291 ER PT J AU Chen, X Krakauer, T Oppenheim, JJ Howard, OMZ AF Chen, X Krakauer, T Oppenheim, JJ Howard, OMZ TI Yin Zi Huang, an injectable multicomponent Chinese herbal medicine, is a potent inhibitor of T-cell activation SO JOURNAL OF ALTERNATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-C; ZHI-HUANG; METABOLIZING-ENZYMES; BILIRUBIN; COMPONENT; INDUCTION; ACID; EXPRESSION; BAICALEIN; SHIKONIN AB Objectives: The clinical efficacy of many multiherbal Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) is partially attributable to their immunoregulatory properties. In this study we evaluated the effect of eight commonly used, commercially available multiherbal Chinese medicines on T-cell activation. We focused on Yin Zhi Huang (YZH, an injectable herbal medicine commonly used for the treatment of liver diseases in China), because it was the most potent inhibitor of T-cell activation in our experimental system. The effects of 10 ingredient components of YZH were also evaluated. Methods: [H-3] thymidine incorporation assay was used to assess mouse T-cell proliferation after stimulation with latex beads coated with anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies. CD25, CD69, PD-1, and I-COS expression by purified mouse CD4(+) T cells treated with plate-bound anti-CD3 antibody and soluble anti-CD28 antibody was analyzed by fluorescent-activated cell sorter (FACS). Cytokine/chemokine production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Among tested herbal medicines, YZH was the most potent inhibitor of T-cell activation. In splenocyte proliferation assays, the inhibitory effect of YZH was dose-dependent, with a 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of 1:3200-1:1600. Ten (10) purified compounds found in YZH were evaluated for their activity. Among them, ursolic acid (1-10 mumol), luteolin (1-10 mumol), baicalein (1-10 mumol), scopran (5-50 mumol), and crocin (5-50 mumol), exhibited dose-dependent inhibition. YZH also inhibited CD25, CD69, PD-1, and ICOS expression by stimulated mouse CD4(+) T cells. In human PBMCs, YZH inhibited SEB-stimulated cytokine (interleukin [IL]-1, IL-2, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor[TNF]-alpha, interferon [IFN]-gamma) and chemokine (IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta) production in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: Our data show for the first time that YZH is a potent inhibitor of T-cell activation, and this property may be the major mechanism underlying the clinical efficacy of YZH. Our experimental results pave the way for identification of active component(s) and/or analysis of synergistic/additive effect of a YZH ingredient in future studies. C1 NCI, Ctr Canc Res, Mol Immunoregulat Lab, NIH, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. SAIC Frederick Inc, Basic Res Program, NCI, Frederick, MD USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. NCI, Ctr Canc Res, Mol Immunoregulat Lab, NIH, Frederick, MD USA. RP Howard, OMZ (reprint author), NCI, Ctr Canc Res, Mol Immunoregulat Lab, NIH, POB B,Bldg 560,Room 31-19, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM howardz@mail.ncifcrf.gov RI Howard, O M Zack/B-6117-2012; Chen, Xin/I-6601-2015 OI Howard, O M Zack/0000-0002-0505-7052; Chen, Xin/0000-0002-2628-4027 FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-12400] NR 29 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 8 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1075-5535 J9 J ALTERN COMPLEM MED JI J. Altern. Complement Med. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 10 IS 3 BP 519 EP 526 DI 10.1089/1075553041323687 PG 8 WC Integrative & Complementary Medicine SC Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA 835ID UT WOS:000222475200016 PM 15253857 ER PT J AU Nation, RC AF Nation, RC TI Architects of globalism: Building a new world order during World War II. SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, War Coll, Carlisle, PA USA. RP Nation, RC (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Carlisle, PA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGANIZATION AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47408 USA SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 91 IS 1 BP 294 EP 295 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 830AQ UT WOS:000222094400119 ER PT J AU Noakes, DR Arrott, AS Belk, MG Deevi, SC Lynn, JW Shull, RD Wu, D AF Noakes, DR Arrott, AS Belk, MG Deevi, SC Lynn, JW Shull, RD Wu, D TI Properties of incommensurate spin density waves in iron aluminides (invited) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th Joint Magnetism and Magnetic Materials Conference/ International Magnetics Conference CY JAN 05-09, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA ID GLASS FE0.7AL0.3; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; ALLOYS; FERROMAGNETISM; FEAL; AL; TRANSITIONS; MAGNETISM; MN AB Neutron diffraction in Fe(Al) reveals incommensurate spin density waves (SDWs) in alloys known to be spin glasses. The wave vectors for crystals of Fe(34Al), Fe(40Al) and Fe(43Al) show n varying from 11 to 6 for q=2pi(h+/-1/n,k+/-1/n,l+/-1/n)/a(o), where (h,k,l) and a(o) characterize the parent bcc lattice of the CsCl structure. The magnetic reflections are present far above the spin-glass freezing temperatures. These SDWs keep the spins on nearest-neighbor Fe atoms close to parallel, in contrast with SDWs in Cr, which keep nearest-neighbor spins close to antiparallel. The competition between near-neighbor Fe-Fe ferromagnetism and 180degrees superexchange through the Al site has been used to explain the spin-glass behavior, but the appearance of the SDWs calls for a more fundamental source of the periodicity. The phase shift mechanism for SDW interactions with magnetic moments is invoked to explain the breadth of the peaks, which resemble the results for Cu(Mn), Pd(Mn), and Pd(Cr). The data are interpreted using cubic symmetry, but it has yet to be established whether the wave vectors all occur in a single domain or whether there are multiple domains. There are 48 wave vectors of magnitude almost equal to the {110} wave vectors of the bcc lattice, which could stabilize the SDWs by spanning the Fermi surface. These unanticipated results should have pervasive ramifications for the theory of metallic magnetism. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Virginia State Univ, Ctr Interact Micromagnet, Petersburg, VA 23806 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, MSEL, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Philip Morris Inc, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Richmond, VA 23261 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NCNR, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Noakes, DR (reprint author), Virginia State Univ, Ctr Interact Micromagnet, Petersburg, VA 23806 USA. RI Shull, Robert/F-5971-2013 NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 11 BP 6574 EP 6579 DI 10.1063/1.1667415 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 824BE UT WOS:000221657900022 ER PT J AU Smith, SA Montain, SJ Zientara, GP Fielding, RA AF Smith, SA Montain, SJ Zientara, GP Fielding, RA TI Use of phosphocreatine kinetics to determine the influence of creatine on muscle mitochondrial respiration: an in vivo P-31-MRS study of oral creatine ingestion SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE skeletal muscle; creatine kinase; mitochondria; phosphocreatine; phosphorous-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy ID HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTROSCOPY; OXIDATIVE-METABOLISM; RECOVERY KINETICS; PRODUCTION-RATES; EXERCISE; SUPPLEMENTATION; PH; PHOSPHORYLCREATINE; ACCUMULATION AB Recent human isolated muscle fiber studies suggest that phosphocreatine (PCr) and creatine (Cr) concentrations play a role in the regulation of mitochondrial respiration rate. To determine whether similar regulatory mechanisms are present in vivo, this study examined the relationship between skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration rate and end-exercise PCr, Cr, PCr-to-Cr ratio (PCr/Cr), ADP, and pH by using P-31-magnetic resonance spectroscopy in 16 men and women (36.9+/-4.6 yr). The initial PCr resynthesis rate and time constant (T-c) were used as indicators of mitochondrial respiration after brief (10-12 s) and exhaustive (1-4 min) dynamic knee extension exercise performed in placebo and creatine-supplemented conditions. The results show that the initial PCr resynthesis rate has a strong relationship with end-exercise PCr, Cr, and PCr/Cr (r>0.80, P<0.001), a moderate relationship with end-exercise ADP (r=0.77, P<0.001), and no relationship with end-exercise pH (r=-0.14, P=0.34). The PCr T-c was not as strongly related to PCr, Cr, PCr/Cr, and ADP (r<0.77, P<0.001-0.18) and was significantly influenced by end-exercise pH (r=-0.43, P<0.01). These findings suggest that end-exercise PCr and Cr should be taken into consideration when PCr recovery kinetics is used as an indicator of mitochondrial respiration and that the initial PCr resynthesis rate is a more reliable indicator of mitochondrial respiration compared with the PCr T-c. C1 Temple Univ, Dept Occupat Therapy, Neuromuscular Funct Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Boston Univ, Sargent Coll Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Smith, SA (reprint author), Temple Univ, Dept Occupat Therapy, Neuromuscular Funct Lab, 3307 N Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA. EM sinclair.smith@temple.edu NR 24 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 96 IS 6 BP 2288 EP 2292 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.01021.2003 PG 5 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 819EJ UT WOS:000221296600038 PM 14978006 ER PT J AU Frattarelli, JL Kodama, CL AF Frattarelli, JL Kodama, CL TI Impact of body mass index on in vitro fertilization outcomes SO JOURNAL OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION AND GENETICS LA English DT Article DE body mass index; follicles; gonadotropins; infertility; in vitro fertilization; oocytes; pregnancy ID STIMULATING-HORMONE LEVEL; INVITRO FERTILIZATION; OVARIAN HYPERSTIMULATION; OVULATION INDUCTION; WOMEN; AGONIST; AGE AB Purpose: To determine if body mass index (BMI) impacts IVF outcome. Methods: Retrospective, cohort study. Main outcome measure was number of oocytes obtained. Results: BMI did not correlate with the prestimulation parameters. There was a significant positive correlation between BMI and the number of follicles on ultrasound prior to egg retrieval. A threshold analysis revealed a significant change in parameters at a BMI > 24 kg/m(2). Patients with BMI > 24 kg/m(2) demonstrated a significant increase in the number of follicles after stimulation ( p = 0.03) and a comparative decrease in the number ampules of gonadotropins used ( p = 0.04) and days of stimulation required ( p = 0.01). Conclusion: These data demonstrated that an elevated BMI significantly correlates with the number of follicles, days of stimulation, and number of ampules of gonadotropins used. Further correlation to an actual increase in number of oocytes and pregnancy rates may be limited by insufficient power in this study. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Reynolds Army Community Hosp, Ft Sill, OK USA. RP Frattarelli, JL (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM john.frattarelli@amedd.army.mil NR 12 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1058-0468 J9 J ASSIST REPROD GEN JI J. Assist. Reprod. Genet. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 21 IS 6 BP 211 EP 215 DI 10.1023/B:JARG.0000040236.68523.6f PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 851II UT WOS:000223678400005 PM 15526976 ER PT J AU DeShazer, D AF DeShazer, D TI Genomic diversity of Burkholderia pseudomallei clinical isolates: Subtractive hybridization reveals a Burkholderia mallei - Specific prophage in B. pseudomallei 1026b SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LATERAL GENE-TRANSFER; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; PSEUDOMONAS-PSEUDOMALLEI; SP NOV.; BACTERIAL PATHOGENICITY; VIRULENCE DETERMINANT; PHAGE GENOMICS; O-ANTIGENS; SP. NOV.; IDENTIFICATION AB Burkholderia pseudomallei is the etiologic agent of the disease melioidosis and is a category B biological threat agent. The genomic sequence of B. pseudomallei K96243 was recently determined, but little is known about the overall genetic diversity of this species. Suppression subtractive hybridization was employed to assess the genetic variability between two distinct clinical isolates of B. pseudomallei, 1026b and K96243. Numerous mobile genetic elements, including a temperate bacteriophage designated phi1026b, were identified among the 1026b-specific suppression subtractive hybridization products. Bacteriophage phi1026b was spontaneously produced by 1026b, and it had a restricted host range, infecting only Burkholderia mallei. It possessed a noncontractile tail, an isometric head, and a linear 54,865-bp genome. The mosaic nature of the phi1026b genome was revealed by comparison with bacteriophage phiE125, a B. mallei-specific bacteriophage produced by Burkholderia thailandensis. The phi1026b genes for DNA packaging, tail morphogenesis, host lysis, integration, and DNA replication were nearly identical to the corresponding genes in phiE125. On the other hand, phi1026b genes involved in head morphogenesis were similar to head morphogenesis genes encoded by Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteriophages. Consistent with this observation, immunogold electron microscopy demonstrated that polyclonal antiserum, against phiE125 reacted with the tail of phi1026b but not with the head. The results presented here suggest that B. pseudomallei strains are genetically heterogeneous and that bacteriophages are major contributors to the genomic diversity of this species. The bacteriophage characterized in this study may be a useful diagnostic tool for differentiating B. pseudomallei and B. mallei, two closely related biological threat agents. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP DeShazer, D (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM david.deshazer@amedd.army.mil NR 75 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 186 IS 12 BP 3938 EP 3950 DI 10.1128/JB.186.12.3938-3950.2004 PG 13 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 826ZX UT WOS:000221869100031 PM 15175308 ER PT J AU Lehman, RA Shah, SA AF Lehman, RA Shah, SA TI Tension-sided femoral neck stress fracture in a skeletally immature patient - A case report SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article ID OCCULT INTRAOSSEOUS FRACTURE; EPIPHYSIS; HIP; DYSPLASIA; CHILDREN; MRI C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Alfred I duPont Hosp Childrens, Nemours Childrens Clin, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Wilmington, DE 19899 USA. RP Lehman, RA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 86A IS 6 BP 1292 EP 1295 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 826KH UT WOS:000221827500026 PM 15173305 ER PT J AU Beasley, DWC Holbrook, MR da Rosa, APAT Coffey, L Carrara, AS Phillippi-Falkenstein, K Bohm, RP Ratterree, MS Lillibridge, KM Ludwig, GV Estrada-Franco, J Weaver, SC Tesh, RB Shope, RE Barrett, ADT AF Beasley, DWC Holbrook, MR da Rosa, APAT Coffey, L Carrara, AS Phillippi-Falkenstein, K Bohm, RP Ratterree, MS Lillibridge, KM Ludwig, GV Estrada-Franco, J Weaver, SC Tesh, RB Shope, RE Barrett, ADT TI Use of a recombinant envelope protein subunit antigen for specific serological diagnosis of West Nile virus infection SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M; DENGUE VIRUS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; UNITED-STATES; DOMAIN-III; ENCEPHALITIS; ASSAY; GLYCOPROTEIN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ECOLOGY AB Serological diagnosis of West Nile virus (WNV) infection is complicated by extensive antigenic crossreactivity with other closely related flaviviruses, such as St. Louis encephalitis virus. Here we describe a recombinant, bacterially expressed antigen equivalent to structural domain III of the WNV envelope protein that has allowed clear discrimination of antibody responses to WNV from those against other related flaviviruses in indirect enzyme-linked inummosorbent assays using standardized control antisera and field-collected samples. C1 UTMB, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Ctr Biodef & Emerging Infect Dis, Sealy Ctr Vaccine Dev, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Tulane Univ, Tulane Natl Primate Res Ctr, Covington, LA 70433 USA. Univ Texas, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX 77030 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Barrett, ADT (reprint author), UTMB, Dept Pathol, 301 Univ Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM abarrett@utmb.edu RI Weaver, Scott/D-6490-2011 FU NCRR NIH HHS [P51 RR000164, P51RR000164]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01AI10984, N01-AI-25489, N01AI25489]; ODCDC CDC HHS [U90/CCU618754, U50/CCU620538-02] NR 25 TC 39 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 42 IS 6 BP 2759 EP 2765 DI 10.1128/JCM.42.6.2759-2765.2004 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 829AS UT WOS:000222015800059 PM 15184463 ER PT J AU Sivananthan, S Dhar, NK Anter, Y AF Sivananthan, S Dhar, NK Anter, Y TI Special issue on the 2003 US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials - Foreword SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Illinois, Microphys Lab, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sivananthan, S (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Microphys Lab, 845 W Taylor St,Room 2360 A, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 33 IS 6 BP 487 EP 487 DI 10.1007/s11664-004-0035-8 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 831BX UT WOS:000222169000001 ER PT J AU Chen, YP Brill, G Campo, EM Hierl, T Hwang, JCM Dhar, NK AF Chen, YP Brill, G Campo, EM Hierl, T Hwang, JCM Dhar, NK TI Molecular beam epitaxial growth of Cd1-yZnySexTe1-x on Si(211) SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 17-19, 2003 CL New Orleans, LA SP USA CECOM Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, USA Res Lab, USN Elect Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res Int Field Off, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals, Met & Mat Soc DE CdSeTe; CdZnTe; CdZnSeTe; molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); CdTe; Si; HgCdTe; long wavelength infrared (LWIR); Se; etched-pit density (EPD); (211) ID MBE GROWTH; CDZNTE AB We report on the first successful growth of the quaternary alloy Cd1-yZny-SexTe1-x(211) on 3-in. Si(211) substrates using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The growth of CdZnSeTe was performed using a compound CdTe effusion source, a compound ZnTe source, and an elemental Se effusion source. The alloy compositions (x and y) of the Cd1-yZnySexTe1-x quaternary compound were controlled through the Se/CdTe and ZnTe/CdTe flux ratios, respectively. Our results indicated that the surface morphology of CdZnSeTe improves as the Zn concentration decreases, which fits well with our previous observation that the surface morphology of CdZnTe/Si is poorer than that of CdSeTe/Si. Although the x-ray full-width at half-maximums (FWHMs) of CdZnSeTe/Si with 4% of Zn + Se remain relatively constant regardless of the individual Zn and Se concentrations, etched-pit density (EPD) measurements exhibit a higher dislocation count on CdZnSeTe/Si layers with about 2% Zn and Se incorporated. The enhancement of threading dislocations in these alloys might be due to an alloy disorder effect between ZnSe and CdTe phases. Our results indicate that the CdZnSeTe/Si quaternary material with low Zn or low Se concentration (less than 1.5%) while maintaining 4% total Zn + Se concentration can be used as lattice-matching composite substrates for long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) HgCdTe as an alternative for CdZnTe/Si or CdSeTe/Si. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Chen, YP (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ychen@arl.army.mil RI Brill, Gregory/G-4877-2013 NR 10 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 33 IS 6 BP 498 EP 502 DI 10.1007/s11664-004-0037-6 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 831BX UT WOS:000222169000003 ER PT J AU Carmody, M Pasko, JG Edwall, PD Daraselia, M Almeida, LA Molstad, J Dinan, JH Markunas, JK Chen, Y Brill, G Dhar, NK AF Carmody, M Pasko, JG Edwall, PD Daraselia, M Almeida, LA Molstad, J Dinan, JH Markunas, JK Chen, Y Brill, G Dhar, NK TI Long wavelength infrared, molecular beam epitaxy, HgCdTe-on-Si diode performance SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 17-19, 2003 CL New Orleans, LA SP USA CECOM Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, USA Res Lab, USN Elect Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res Int Field Off, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals, Met & Mat Soc DE HgCdTe-on-Si; long wavelength infrared (LWIR); molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); diode performance ID THREADING DISLOCATIONS; PHOTODIODES; GROWTH; HETEROEPITAXY; DETECTORS; SUBSTRATE; DEFECTS; REMOVAL; CDZNTE; CDTE AB In the past several years, we have made significant progress in the growth of CdTe buffer layers on Si wafers using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) as well as the growth of HgCdTe onto this substrate as an alternative to the growth of HgCdTe on bulk CdZnTe wafers. These developments have focused primarily on mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) HgCdTe and have led to successful demonstrations of high-performance 1024 X 1024 focal plane arrays (FPAs) using Rockwell Scientific's double-layer planar heterostructure (DLPH) architecture. We are currently attempting to extend the HgCdTe-on-Si technology to the long wavelength infrared (LWIR) and very long wavelength infrared (VLWIR) regimes. This is made difficult because the large lattice-parameter mismatch between Si and CdTe/HgCdTe results in a high density of threading dislocations (typically, >5E6 cm(-2)), and these dislocations act as conductive pathways for tunneling currents that reduce the R(o)A and increase the dark current of the diodes. To assess the current state of the LWIR art, we fabricated a set of test diodes from LWIR HgCdTe grown on Si. Silicon wafers with either CdTe or CdSeTe buffer layers were used. Test results at both 78 K and 40 K are presented and discussed in terms of threading dislocation density. Diode characteristics are compared with LWIR HgCdTe grown on bulk CdZnTe. C1 Rockwell Sci Co, Camarillo, CA 93012 USA. USA, CECOM, RDEC, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Carmody, M (reprint author), Rockwell Sci Co, Camarillo, CA 93012 USA. EM mcarmody@rwsc.com RI Brill, Gregory/G-4877-2013 NR 18 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 33 IS 6 BP 531 EP 537 DI 10.1007/s11664-004-0042-9 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 831BX UT WOS:000222169000008 ER PT J AU Jacobs, RN Stoltz, AJ Robinson, EW Boyd, PR Almeida, LA Dinan, JH Salamanca-Riba, L AF Jacobs, RN Stoltz, AJ Robinson, EW Boyd, PR Almeida, LA Dinan, JH Salamanca-Riba, L TI Processing and characterization of a-Si : H photoresists for a vacuum-compatible photolithography process SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 17-19, 2003 CL New Orleans, LA SP USA CECOM Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, USA Res Lab, USN Elect Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res Int Field Off, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals, Met & Mat Soc DE a-Si : H; dry etching; photolithography; dry processing; plasmaenhanced chemical-vapor deposition (PECVD); CdTe; HgCdTe ID HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS-SILICON; FILMS; CRYSTALLIZATION; LITHOGRAPHY; SURFACES; HGCDTE AB The vision of achieving a completely in-vacuum process for fabricating HgCdTe detector arrays is contingent on the availability of a vacuum-compatible photolithography technology. One such technology for vacuum photolithography involves the use of amorphous-hydrogenated Si (a-Si:H) as a photoresist. In this work, we deposit a-Si:H resists via plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition (PECVD) using an Ar-diluted silane precursor. The resists are then patterned via excimer laser exposure and development etched in a hydrogen plasma where etch selectivities between unexposed and exposed regions exceed 600:1. To determine the best conditions for the technique, we investigate the effects of different exposure environments and carry out an analysis of the a-Si:H surfaces before and after development etching. Analysis via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals that the excimer-exposed surfaces are polycrystalline in nature, indicating that the mechanism for pattern generation in this study is based on melting and crystallization. To demonstrate pattern transfer, underlying CdTe films were etched (after development of the resist) in an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma, where etch selectivities of approximately 8:1 have been achieved. The significance of this work is the demonstration of laser-induced poly-Si as an etching mask for vacuum-compatible photolithography. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20873 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Jacobs, RN (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM rjacobs@nvl.army.mil RI Salamanca-Riba, Lourdes/B-3785-2009 OI Salamanca-Riba, Lourdes/0000-0001-8155-6403 NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 33 IS 6 BP 538 EP 542 DI 10.1007/s11664-004-0043-8 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 831BX UT WOS:000222169000009 ER PT J AU Benson, JD Stoltz, AJ Varesi, JB Martinka, M Kaleczyc, AW Almeida, LA Boyd, PR Dinan, JH AF Benson, JD Stoltz, AJ Varesi, JB Martinka, M Kaleczyc, AW Almeida, LA Boyd, PR Dinan, JH TI Determination of the ion angular distribution for electron cyclotron resonance, plasma-etched HgCdTe trenches SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 17-19, 2003 CL New Orleans, LA SP USA CECOM Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, USA Res Lab, USN Elect Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res Int Field Off, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals, Met & Mat Soc DE electron cyclotron resonance (ECR); etch bias; anisotropy; aspect ratio; HgCdTe; ion angular distribution (IAD) ID COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTOR SURFACES; PHOTORESIST-FEATURE GEOMETRY; FOCAL-PLANE ARRAYS; ASPECT-RATIO; GROWTH; CDXHG1-XTE; CDTE; PARAMETERS; DETECTORS; SILICON AB Ion angular distribution (IAD) affects the width and aspect ratio in electron cyclotron resonance (ECR)-etched HgCdTe trenches. The IAD was determined by etching studies together with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The results confirm that low-energy, large-angle ions contribute to the etching of the photoresist, while higher-energy, low-angle ions are responsible for HgCdTe etching. The HgCdTe ECR etching was further elucidated by sputter-bombardment theory. This model correctly predicts the nature and depth of the damage region in ECR-etched HgCdTe as well as the distribution and composition of the ejected material. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Benson, JD (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM dbenson@nvl.army.mil NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 33 IS 6 BP 543 EP 551 DI 10.1007/s11664-004-0044-7 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 831BX UT WOS:000222169000010 ER PT J AU Terterian, S Chu, M Mesropian, S Benson, JD Dinan, JH AF Terterian, S Chu, M Mesropian, S Benson, JD Dinan, JH TI Performance characteristics of planar ion-implantation isolated heterojunction, near-infrared, and short-wave infrared HgCdTe devices SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 17-19, 2003 CL New Orleans, LA SP USA CECOM Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, USA Res Lab, USN Elect Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res Int Field Off, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals, Met & Mat Soc DE HgCdTe; CdZnTe; focal plane array (FPA); near infrared (NIR); short-wave infrared (SWIR); infrared detectors ID DETECTORS; ARRAYS AB Two-dimensional near-infrared (NIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) HgCdTe arrays have been produced using planar ion-implantation isolated heterojunction (PI3H) device technology. This paper is an extension of an earlier study in which focal plane arrays (FPAs) were fabricated based on heterojunction-mesa and ion-implanted planar device structures. The PI3H device structure is pursued in order to verify whether it can encompass both the superb multilayer characteristics of heterojunction detectors as well as the planar integrity of ion-implanted devices. The PI3H devices are characterized, and R(0)A measurements are carried out at different temperatures and compared to those obtained from heterojunction-mesa and ion-implanted device structures. Data shows the PI3H devices to be superior to both heterojunction-mesa and ion-implanted detectors at temperatures between 130 K and 300 K. Performance characteristics of the thermoelectric (TE) cooled SWIR FPAs with 320 X 256 format, as well as NIR FPAs with 640 X 512 format based on the PI3H device structure are also discussed. C1 Fermion Corp, Simi Valley, CA 93063 USA. USA, CECOM, RDEC, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Terterian, S (reprint author), Fermion Corp, Simi Valley, CA 93063 USA. EM sevt@att.net NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 33 IS 6 BP 615 EP 620 DI 10.1007/s11664-004-0056-3 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 831BX UT WOS:000222169000022 ER PT J AU Stoltz, AJ Benson, JD Varesi, JB Martinka, M Sperry, MJ Kaleczyc, AW Almeida, LA Boyd, PR Dinan, JH AF Stoltz, AJ Benson, JD Varesi, JB Martinka, M Sperry, MJ Kaleczyc, AW Almeida, LA Boyd, PR Dinan, JH TI Macro-loading effects of electron-cyclotron resonance etched II-VI materials SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 17-19, 2003 CL New Orleans, LA SP USA CECOM Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, USA Res Lab, USN Elect Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res Int Field Off, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals, Met & Mat Soc DE mercury cadmium telluride (HgCdTe); cadmium telluride (CdTe); reactive ion etching (RIE); electron cyclotron resonance (ECR); loading ID ASPECT RATIO; HGCDTE; HETEROEPITAXY; TRENCHES; PLASMAS; SURFACE; CDZNTE AB It has been observed in semiconductor processing that the etch rates for materials subjected to an electron-cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma change with the total sample area. This phenomenon is known as loading. Loading effects can result in pattern definition errors during micromachining. In argon/hydrogen plasmas, designed to etch II-VI materials, loading appears to primarily affect photoresist deterioration. Using an 80% argon-20% hydrogen gas chemistry optimized for HgCdTe, we observe a factor of 2 variation in photoresist etch rate. Loading may also affect semiconductor etch rates to a lesser extent. The observed trends suggest that radical changes in the plasma are the likely cause of this phenomenon. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Stoltz, AJ (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 33 IS 6 BP 684 EP 689 DI 10.1007/s11664-004-0067-0 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 831BX UT WOS:000222169000033 ER PT J AU Furstenberg, R White, JO Dinan, JH Olson, GL AF Furstenberg, R White, JO Dinan, JH Olson, GL TI High-resolution mapping of infrared photoluminescence SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 17-19, 2003 CL New Orleans, LA SP USA CECOM Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, USA Res Lab, USN Elect Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res Int Field Off, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals, Met & Mat Soc DE optical characterization; infrared (IR) photoluminescence (PL); PL mapping; high-resolution imaging; HgCdTe; CdZnTe AB We report preliminary results of high-resolution scanning photoluminescence (PL) experiments in the near- and mid-infrared (IR) portions of the spectrum. The samples investigated were Hg0.7Cd0.3Te epilayers grown on Cd0.96Zn0.04Te and CdTe/Si substrates used in IR detectors and focal-plane arrays. To measure mid-IR PL, we modified a commercial, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and designed a confocal microscope attachment. For near-IR PL mapping, we used a confocal microscope coupled to a grating spectrometer and a charge-couple device (CCD) camera. Diffraction-limited resolution was achieved in the near-IR setup (0.2 mum) and 22-mum resolution for the mid-IR setup. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USA, CECOM, RDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. HRL Labs LLC, Malibu, CA 90265 USA. RP Furstenberg, R (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM furstenb@uiuc.edu NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 33 IS 6 BP 714 EP 718 DI 10.1007/s11664-004-0071-4 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 831BX UT WOS:000222169000037 ER PT J AU Peiris, FC Weber, ZJ Chen, Y Brill, G AF Peiris, FC Weber, ZJ Chen, Y Brill, G TI Optical properties of CdSexTe1-x epitaxial films studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 17-19, 2003 CL New Orleans, LA SP USA CECOM Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, USA Res Lab, USN Elect Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res Int Field Off, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals, Met & Mat Soc DE CdSexTe1-x; ellipsometry; optical properties ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; CDSETE; GROWTH; ALLOYS AB We have determined the dielectric constants for a series of CdSexTe1-x thin films grown on Si substrates using a rotating-analyzer spectroscopic ellipsometer. Initially, the alloy concentration and the sample quality were determined using x-ray diffraction. A standard inversion technique was then used to obtain the dielectric constants from the measured ellipsometric spectra. Using these calculated absorption spectra, we were able to estimate the fundamental bandgap for these CdSexTe1-x alloys. In addition, we also determined the dispersion of the indices of refraction as well as the critical points related to the higher-order electronic transitions for this alloy. C1 Kenyon Coll, Dept Phys, Gambier, OH 43022 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Peiris, FC (reprint author), Kenyon Coll, Dept Phys, Gambier, OH 43022 USA. EM peirisf@kenyon.edu RI Brill, Gregory/G-4877-2013 NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 33 IS 6 BP 724 EP 727 DI 10.1007/s11664-004-0073-2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 831BX UT WOS:000222169000039 ER PT J AU Cerco, CF Noel, MR Linker, L AF Cerco, CF Noel, MR Linker, L TI Managing for water clarity in Chesapeake Bay SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Chesapeake Bay; light attenuation; suspended solids; water quality ID SECCHI DISK; DIFFUSE ATTENUATION; AQUATIC VEGETATION; ESTUARY; MODEL; RIVER; DISTRIBUTIONS; NUTRIENT; LIGHT; EUTROPHICATION AB Diminished clarity has been listed as a water quality impairment in Chesapeake Bay. The CE-QUAL-ICM eutrophication model has been revised and recalibrated to provide management guidance in alleviating impaired clarity. The algorithms used to model light attenuation and suspended solids are presented herein. Computed and observed total and volatile solids and light attenuation are examined in several formats. A solids budget constructed for the bay identifies major solids sources as internal production, bank erosion, and watershed loading. Sensitivity to loading sources and a key management scenario are examined. Major but feasible reductions in solids and nutrient loads, coupled with reductions in bank erosion, are calculated to meet clarity goals at the 1-m depth in the main bay and major eastern embayments. Careful examination of model results at small scales is required to verify large-scale findings, however. We recommend major improvements in monitoring, computation of light attenuation, and in sediment transport modeling to improve the state of the art in modeling and management of water clarity. C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. RP Cerco, CF (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM cercoc@wes.army.mil NR 46 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 6 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD JUN PY 2004 VL 130 IS 6 BP 631 EP 642 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2004)130:6(631) PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 823JK UT WOS:000221607200008 ER PT J AU Ratto-Kim, S Garner, RP Kim, JH Jagodzinski, LL Michael, NL Paris, R Redfield, RR Birx, DL AF Ratto-Kim, S Garner, RP Kim, JH Jagodzinski, LL Michael, NL Paris, R Redfield, RR Birx, DL TI Prospective analyses of HIV-1-specific proliferative responses, recall antigen proliferative responses, and clinical outcomes in an HIV-1-seropositive cohort SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Annual Conference on Vaccine Research CY APR 30-MAY 02, 2000 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTE; LONG-TERM SURVIVORS; TYPE-1 INFECTION; HIV-1 INFECTION; RECOMBINANT GP160; CELL RESPONSES; IMMUNIZATION; DEFECTS AB Background. In cross-sectional studies of chronically infected individuals, lymphoproliferative responses to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 p24 Gag antigen have previously been associated with lower virus load. It was not known whether this association would be predictive of better clinical outcome in longitudinal studies. Methods. In blood samples from 608 HIV-seropositive individuals enrolled in a trial of glycoprotein 160 vaccine therapy over the course of 3-5 years, lymphoproliferative responses to HIV-1 antigens, tetanus toxoid ( TT), and mitogens were measured and correlated with clinical outcome and other parameters of progression. Baseline lymphoproliferative responses to antigens and mitogens were used to categorize the cohort into responders or nonresponders. Results. Although response to recall antigens did not correlate with clinical indices of disease progression, positive baseline lymphoproliferative responses to p24 and TT were associated with lower plasma levels of HIV-1 RNA. Persistently positive lymphoproliferative responses to the antigens also inversely correlated with repeated measurements of virus load, although the significance was lost once the measurements were adjusted for virus load and CD4(+) cell count at baseline, by use of generalized estimating equation analysis. Conclusions. These observations suggest that the effect of the association between lymphoproliferative response and virus load is established early during HIV-1 infection and does not increase over time and suggest that antigen-specific lymphoproliferative responses reflect the dynamic state of HIV-1 infection and are inversely associated with virus load. C1 Univ Hawaii, Hawaii AIDS Clin Res Program, Leahi Hosp, Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96816 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Hawaii AIDS Clin Res Program, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Hawaii AIDS Clin Res Program, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD USA. Univ Maryland, Inst Human Virol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Ratto-Kim, S (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Hawaii AIDS Clin Res Program, Leahi Hosp, Sch Med, Young Bldg,5th Fl,3675 Kilauea Ave, Honolulu, HI 96816 USA. EM silviak@hawaii.edu NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2004 VL 189 IS 11 BP 1988 EP 1995 DI 10.1086/386285 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 823ZQ UT WOS:000221653500004 PM 15143464 ER PT J AU Romero, LI Paz, HM Ortega-Barria, E Bayard, V Hochberg, LP Collins, KM Chan, AST Ryan, JR AF Romero, LI Paz, HM Ortega-Barria, E Bayard, V Hochberg, LP Collins, KM Chan, AST Ryan, JR TI Evaluation of serological assays based on a novel excreted antigen preparation for the diagnosis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Panama SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE diagnosis; serology; cutaneous leishmaniasis; Panama ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; IGG ANTIBODIES; ELISA; DONOVANI; PROMASTIGOTES; SERODIAGNOSIS; DIFFUSION; MEXICANA; INDIA AB The objective of the present study was to determine the efficacy of prototype diagnostic serological assays for American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) in Panama. As such, we prospectively sampled 100 cutaneous leishmaniasis case-patients and tested their sera in two serological assays based upon novel soluble antigen preparations made from propagating the parasites in a protein-free, serum free media. Using serum and a Leishmania mexicana antigen preparation to sensitize plates, the assay correctly identified 89% of the case-patients. While using serum with an antigen preparation from Leishmania braziliensis, the assay correctly identified 71% of the patients. Concerning both test formats, performance was near equal in true positive and presumptive positive subsets demonstrating the improved sensitivity of these assays over reference methods of choice. Since the incidence of leishmaniasis in Panama has increased dramatically in the past 10 years, these assays may be useful in clinical and epidemiological studies and control programs. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Adv Sci Invest & High Technol Serv, INDICASAT, Panama City, Panama. ICGES, Gorgas Mem Inst Hlth Sci, Panama City, Panama. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Romero, LI (reprint author), Inst Adv Sci Invest & High Technol Serv, INDICASAT, POB 7250,Zona 5, Panama City, Panama. EM lromero@senacyt.gob.pa NR 25 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD JUN PY 2004 VL 57 IS 3 BP 391 EP 397 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2004.02.008 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 823RS UT WOS:000221631400008 PM 15134886 ER PT J AU Rushing, EJ Bouffard, JP Neal, CJ Koeller, K Martin, J Ozdemirli, M Mena, H Ecklund, JM AF Rushing, EJ Bouffard, JP Neal, CJ Koeller, K Martin, J Ozdemirli, M Mena, H Ecklund, JM TI Erdheim-Chester disease mimicking a primary brain tumor - Case report SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Article DE Erdheim-Chester disease; histiocytosis; seizure tumor ID LANGERHANS CELL HISTIOCYTOSIS; ROSAI-DORFMAN-DISEASE; PROGRESSIVE CEREBELLAR SYNDROME; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SINUS HISTIOCYTOSIS; STEM LESIONS; INVOLVEMENT; THERAPY; LOBE AB Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare systemic histiocytic disease. The authors present a case report detailing the presentation and treatment of a 26-year-old man diagnosed with seizures and a well-circumscribed temporoparietal mass that had been demonstrated on imaging studies. Both preoperative and intraoperative diagnoses were consistent with a low-grade astrocytic neoplasm. Subsequent pathological examination indicated a histiocytic proliferation positive for CD68 and factor VIII, and negative for CD1a and S100, with Touton giant cells characteristic of ECD. This case represents the first isolated occurrence of intracranial ECD and its potential to mimic glial neoplasms. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Neuropathol & Ophthalm Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Georgetown Univ Hosp, Georgetown, WA USA. RP Rushing, EJ (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Neuropathol & Ophthalm Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. EM rushinge@afip.osd.mil NR 32 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA UNIV VIRGINIA, 1224 WEST MAIN ST, STE 450, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0022-3085 J9 J NEUROSURG JI J. Neurosurg. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 100 IS 6 BP 1115 EP 1118 DI 10.3171/jns.2004.100.6.1115 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 825EY UT WOS:000221740000022 PM 15200134 ER PT J AU Martini, WZ Chinkes, DL Wolfe, RR AF Martini, WZ Chinkes, DL Wolfe, RR TI The intracellular free amino acid pool represents tracer precursor enrichment for calculation of protein synthesis in cultured fibroblasts and myocytes SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE protein synthesis; stable isotopes; precursor enrichment; GC-MS; plateau enrichment ID MYOSIN HEAVY-CHAIN; RATE IN-VIVO; MUSCLE PROTEIN; COMPARTMENTATION; TURNOVER; LEUCINE; HUMANS; HEART AB We assessed the approach of using intracellular free amino acid enrichment as precursor enrichment for calculating the fractional synthetic rate of using the stable isotope tracer incorporation technique. We assumed that the true rate of protein synthesis was reflected by the rate of tracer incorporation over time divided by the plateau enrichment in protein. Isolated human fibroblasts and myocytes were cultured in medium supplemented with [N-15]glycine, [N-15]proline, and [d(5)]phenylalanine. Culture medium and cells were collected daily from d 1 to 5. A portion of cells harvested on d 5 was subcultured for an additional 3 passages to d 20. Protein enrichments in both cell types reached a plateau after 20 d of cell culture. In fibroblasts, the true protein synthesis rates were 0.74, 0.85, and 0.86%/h, using protein plateau enrichments of [N-15]glycine, [N-15]proline, and [d(5)]phenylalanine as precursor enrichments, respectively. When the corresponding intracellular free amino acid enrichments were used, protein synthesis rates were 0.76, 0.79, and 0.76%/h, respectively. Similarly, in myocytes, the true protein synthesis rates were 0.98 and 1.14%/h by protein plateau enrichments of [N-15]glycine and [d(5)]phenylalanine, respectively. The synthesis rates were 0.94 and 1.01 %/h by the corresponding intracellular enrichments, respectively. Extracellular amino acid enrichments resulted in underestimation of protein synthesis by a variable amount. We conclude that the intracellular free amino acid enrichment is an optimal surrogate for precursor enrichment to quantify protein synthesis. C1 Univ Texas, Med Branch, Metab Unit, Shriners Hosp Children, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Surg, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Wolfe, RR (reprint author), Univ Texas, Med Branch, Metab Unit, Shriners Hosp Children, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM rwolfe@utmb.edu NR 15 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 134 IS 6 BP 1546 EP 1550 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 827IN UT WOS:000221893000042 PM 15173427 ER PT J AU Rebar, JE Johnson, AT Russek-Cohen, E Caretti, DM Scott, WH AF Rebar, JE Johnson, AT Russek-Cohen, E Caretti, DM Scott, WH TI Effect of differing facial characteristics on breathing resistance inside a respirator mask SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE breathing resistance; facial measurements; respirator mask ID DESIGN AB A group of subjects with a large range of facial characteristics was asked to breathe deeply while wearing a full facepiece respirator. The facial characteristics noted were head length, head depth, bizygomatic breadth, lip length, and Menton-Sellion length. External resistances to inhalation or exhalation were varied in each of the trials. The data collected were analyzed for possible correlation between facial characteristics and breathing resistance. Although respirator resistances were found to vary, no statistically significant correlation was found with anthropometric measurements. C1 Univ Maryland, Biol Resources Engn Dept, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Biometr Dept, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Johnson, AT (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Biol Resources Engn Dept, 1429 Anim Sci Ag Engn Bldg,142 Coll Pk, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM ajohnso2@umd.edu NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 1 IS 6 BP 343 EP 348 DI 10.1080/1549620490447956 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 825EV UT WOS:000221739700003 PM 15238324 ER PT J AU Pendergrass, TL Moore, JH AF Pendergrass, TL Moore, JH TI Saphenous neuropathy following medial knee trauma SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article ID NERVE ENTRAPMENT; INFRAPATELLAR BRANCH; HEALTHY-SUBJECTS; ARTERY-BYPASS; NEURALGIA; PAIN; INJURY; CONDUCTION; SURGERY; VEIN C1 Irwin Army Community Hosp, Rehabil Serv, Ft Riley, KS USA. USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, USA Baylor Univ Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Pendergrass, TL (reprint author), 8010 Rockwood Dr, Milford, KS 66514 USA. EM Timothy.L.Pendergrass@us.army.mil NR 32 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU J O S P T, PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 34 IS 6 BP 328 EP 334 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 829JW UT WOS:000222045400005 PM 15233394 ER PT J AU Andreas, EL AF Andreas, EL TI Spray stress revisited SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID WHITECAP COVERAGE DEPENDENCE; ATMOSPHERIC SURFACE-LAYER; POWER-LAW DESCRIPTION; SEA SPRAY; WIND-STRESS; TROPICAL CYCLONES; WATER TEMPERATURE; WAVES; OCEAN; MODEL AB In winds approaching hurricane strength, spray droplets proliferate. Once created, these droplets accelerate to the local wind speed in 1 s or less and thereby extract momentum from the wind. Because these droplets have substantial mass, they eventually plunge back into the ocean, delivering their horizontal momentum to the surface in the form of a spray stress. Inadequate information on the production rate and size distribution of spray droplets, however, hampered previous attempts to estimate the magnitude of this spray-mediated momentum exchange. This paper therefore uses recent estimates of the spray generation function to reconsider spray's ability to alter air-sea momentum exchange. Conservation of momentum requires that spray cannot enhance the air sea stress beyond what the large-scale flow dictates. However, spray can redistribute stress in the near-surface atmosphere since the wind must slow if the spray droplets accelerate. For a wind of 30 m s(-1), spray supports about 10% of the surface stress; for a wind of about 60 m s(-1), spray supports all of the surface stress. The paper goes on to show how this partitioning affects the near-surface wind speed profile. Last, the paper reviews evidence that suggests the sea surface undergoes a transition in its aerodynamic behavior in the wind speed range 30-40 m s(-1). The fact that whitecap coverage extrapolates to 100% in this range may be one cause. Also in this range, the "rain" of spray droplets back onto the sea surface creates a mass flux with a magnitude that has been shown to damp the short waves that sustain most of the atmospheric drag on the sea surface. As a consequence, spray may play a key role in a negative feedback loop that limits air-sea momentum transfer. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM eandreas@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 75 TC 71 Z9 78 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 EI 1520-0485 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 34 IS 6 BP 1429 EP 1440 DI 10.1175/1520-0485(2004)034<1429:SSR>2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 829ZG UT WOS:000222090800009 ER PT J AU Acemoglu, D Autor, DH Lyle, D AF Acemoglu, D Autor, DH Lyle, D TI Women, war, and wages: The effect of female labor supply on the wage structure at midcentury SO JOURNAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; COLLEGE-EDUCATION; TECHNICAL CHANGE; RELATIVE WAGES; GENDER-GAP; INEQUALITY; MARKET; 1980S AB We exploit the military mobilization for World War II to investigate the effects of female labor supply on the wage structure. The mobilization drew many women into the workforce permanently. But the impact was not uniform across states. In states with greater mobilization of men, women worked more after the war and in 1950, though not in 1940. These induced shifts in female labor supply lowered female and male wages and increased earnings inequality between high school- and college-educated men. It appears that at midcentury, women were closer substitutes for high school men than for those with lower skills. C1 MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Natl Bur Econ Res, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Acemoglu, D (reprint author), MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 46 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 2 U2 18 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-3808 J9 J POLIT ECON JI J. Polit. Econ. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 112 IS 3 BP 497 EP 551 DI 10.1086/383100 PG 55 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 826CS UT WOS:000221807200001 ER PT J AU Solomon, NP Munson, B AF Solomon, NP Munson, B TI The effect of jaw position on measures of tongue strength and endurance SO JOURNAL OF SPEECH LANGUAGE AND HEARING RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Convention of the American-Speech-Language-Hearing-Association CY NOV 13-15, 2003 CL Chicago, IL SP Amer Speech Language Hearing Assoc DE tongue function; maximum performance tasks; bite block; assessment; surface electromyography ID MUSCLE-ACTIVITY; FATIGUE; SPEECH; GENIOGLOSSUS; TEMPORALIS; MASSETER; MOVEMENT; MODEL; HAND AB Assessment of tongue strength and endurance is common in research and clinical contexts. It is unclear whether the results reveal discrete function by the tongue or combined abilities of the tongue and jaw. One way to isolate the movement of the tongue is to constrain the jaw kinematically by using a bite block. In this study, 10 neurologically normal young adults performed tongue strength and endurance tasks without a bite block ( ''jaw-free'') and with bite blocks of various heights (2, 5, 10, and 15 mm for strength; 5 mm for endurance). Data signals included tongue pressure exerted on an air-filled bulb, surface electromyography (SEMG) from the superior tongue blade, and SEMG from 1 masseter. On average, tongue strength (pressure in kPa) was greatest with no bite block and generally decreased as bite blocks increased in height. Pairwise analyses revealed statistically significant differences for all but 3 comparisons (jaw-free to 2 mm, 2 to 5 mm, and 5 to 10 mm). After removing outlying data from 1 participant, tongue endurance at 50% of tongue strength was significantly greater without a bite block than with one. SEMG data did not differ significantly for the strength task across bite block conditions, but inspection of the individual data revealed a tendency for masseter activity to be lower when the jaw was unconstrained. These results suggest that maximal tongue strength and endurance are best assessed with an unconstrained mandible or with a very small bite block. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Solomon, NP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM nancy.p.solomon@us.army.mil FU NIDCD NIH HHS [R03 DC006096, R03-DC06096] NR 37 TC 26 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SPEECH-LANGUAGE-HEARING ASSOC PI ROCKVILLE PA 10801 ROCKVILLE PIKE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-3279 USA SN 1092-4388 J9 J SPEECH LANG HEAR R JI J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 47 IS 3 BP 584 EP 594 DI 10.1044/1092-4388(2004/045) PG 11 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation GA 970DN UT WOS:000232285500008 PM 15212570 ER PT J AU Sames, WJ Herman, WE Florin, DA Maloney, FA AF Sames, WJ Herman, WE Florin, DA Maloney, FA TI Distribution of Ochlerotatus togoi along the Pacific Coast of Washington SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Ochlerotatus togoi; mosquito; Washington; San Juan Islands; distribution ID AEDES-TOGOI; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; DIPTERA; CULICIDAE; MOSQUITO AB Before this study, the mosquito Ochlerotatus (Finlaya) togoi (Theobald) had been reported from only 2 locations within the continental United States, both of which were documented in Washington State. This study used active and passive surveillance to determine the current distribution of Oc. togoi along the Pacific Coast of Washington. Results of the study show that small, but stable, populations of Oc. togoi exist in the northern San Juan Island region of Puget Sound. Geological formations in this region are conducive to rock holes and support populations of Oc. togoi. No members of Oc. togoi were found on the southwestern Washington coast, the coast of the Olympic Peninsula, or in the lower Puget Sound. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med W, Ft Lewis, WA 98433 USA. USN, Dis Vector Ecol & Control Ctr, Silverdale, WA 98315 USA. RP Sames, WJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med W, Box 39500,MS 115,5th & Blaine,Bldg 9030, Ft Lewis, WA 98433 USA. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 20 IS 2 BP 105 EP 109 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 830KF UT WOS:000222120200002 PM 15264615 ER PT J AU Rutledge, LC Gupta, RK AF Rutledge, LC Gupta, RK TI Evaluation of an in vitro bloodfeeding system for testing mosquito repellents SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE mosquito repellents; Aedes aegypti; mosquito; repellents ID COMPARATIVE SENSITIVITY; EFFICACY; BLOOD AB Median effective doses and 95% effective doses of 9 commercial mosquito repellents were determined for the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, in an in vitro bloodfeeding test system and on the human forearm. Results obtained in the 2 test systems did not differ significantly but, because of the inherent variability of repellent test data, did not always agree closely. Potential modifications of in vitro bloodfeeding test systems for increased accuracy, precision, and reliability are discussed. C1 USA, Med Res & Mat Command, ATTN, MCMR,PAE, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Rutledge, LC (reprint author), 11 Circle Way, Mill Valley, CA 94941 USA. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 20 IS 2 BP 150 EP 154 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 830KF UT WOS:000222120200011 PM 15264624 ER PT J AU Rueda, LM Pecor, JE Yuen, MC Lee, MW AF Rueda, LM Pecor, JE Yuen, MC Lee, MW TI New record, habitats, and updated checklist of the mosquitoes of Hong Kong SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE mosquitoes; Anopheles; Aedes; Culex; Hong Kong; Culicidae AB Mosquito collections were carried out during April 2002 in Hong Kong. Twenty-six species of mosquitoes in 9 genera were collected, including I new record, Culex (Culiciomyia) nigropunctatus. Characteristics of larval habitats of these species are described and an updated checklist is included. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Hong Kong Govt, Dept Food & Hyg, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Rueda, LM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Walter Reed Biosyst Unit, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 20 IS 2 BP 204 EP 207 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 830KF UT WOS:000222120200022 PM 15264634 ER PT J AU Savage, HM Strickman, D AF Savage, HM Strickman, D TI The genus and subgenus categories within culicidae and placement of Ochlerotatus as a subgenus of Aedes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Aedes; Ochlerotatus; Culicidae; genus and subgenus categories; mosquito control; oviposition behavior ID FINE-STRUCTURE; EGGS; DIPTERA; CLASSIFICATION; MOSQUITOES; AEGYPTI AB Many species of Culicidae are of major medical, veterinary, and economic importance. To facilitate discussion among taxonomists, medical entomologists, ecologists, and vector control specialists. it is essential that culicidologists be able to readily recognize individual genera. Adult female mosquitoes, the stage most often encountered in surveys, should be identifiable to genus without dissection with the aid of a good-quality dissecting microscope. Female adult specimens of Ochlerotatus and Aedes as defined by Reinert cannot be identified morphologically without dissection, and no distinct differences in biology, behavior, and ecology distinguish these 2 taxa as currently defined. Use of these names as genera complicates mosquito identification and interferes with information retrieval and communication among taxonomists, medical entomologists, and vector control specialists. Therefore, it is our opinion that Ochlerotatus Lynch Arribalzaga should be placed as a subgenus of Aedes Meigen, Aedes (Ochlerotatus). We believe that the usage of the genus Aedes and the subgenus Ae. (Ochlerotatus) should be restored to the traditional usage during the interval 1906-2000. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Savage, HM (reprint author), Santa Clara Cty Vector Control Dist, 976 Lenzen Ave, San Jose, CA 95126 USA. NR 45 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X EI 1943-6270 J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 20 IS 2 BP 208 EP 214 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 830KF UT WOS:000222120200023 PM 15264635 ER PT J AU Huffer, LL Bauch, TD Furgerson, JL Bulgrin, J Boyd, SYN AF Huffer, LL Bauch, TD Furgerson, JL Bulgrin, J Boyd, SYN TI Feasibility of remote echocardiography with satellite transmission and real-time interpretation to support medical activities in the austere medical environment SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID TRAUMA AB Echocardiography is an essential tool in the evaluation of patients with cardiac emergencies and chest trauma. The objective of our study was to establish the feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of a portable satellite transmission system in the assessment of cardiac emergencies for the real-time support of mass casualty and humanitarian relief efforts. Twelve patients with various degrees of cardiac structural disease identified by conventional inhospital transthoracic echocardiography were transported to a remote portable field hospital where transthoracic echocardiography was performed with a handheld echocardiographic device. images were then relayed by a commercial satellite to a level M trauma center where they were interpreted in real time by a cardiologist. Remote studies were recorded at the field hospital before satellite transmission and again on download at the receiving facility. The remotely acquired studies before and after satellite transmission were compared with each other and subsequently compared with conventional hospital transthoracic echocardiograms for technical quality and diagnostic accuracy using a blinded, single-reader, side-by-side comparison. Excellent agreement was found between the recorded field-site and satellite-transmitted images with an overall average of 95% concordance. When the field data acquired with the handheld device and satellite transmission were compared with conventional in-hospital echocardiography, a high degree of agreement was demonstrated in overall technical quality (83%) and assessments of left ventricular ejection fraction (100%), pericardial effusion (100%), and left ventricular size (92%). This study demonstrates the feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of remote, real-time echocardiography using satellite transmission for mass casualty triage or humanitarian relief efforts. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Furgerson, JL (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Cardiol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 12 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0894-7317 J9 J AM SOC ECHOCARDIOG JI J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 17 IS 6 BP 670 EP 674 DI 10.1016/j.echo.2004.03.021 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 826RM UT WOS:000221846200013 PM 15163941 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Swanson, SJ Agodoa, LYC Kimmel, PL AF Abbott, KC Swanson, SJ Agodoa, LYC Kimmel, PL TI Human immunodeficiency virus infection and kidney transplantation in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy and modern immunosuppression SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOLID-ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION; CADAVERIC RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; MYCOPHENOLATE-MOFETIL; UNITED-STATES; LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; HIV-1 REPLICATION; DIALYSIS PATIENTS; CYCLOSPORINE-A; GRAFT-SURVIVAL; DISEASE AB Before the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, kidney transplant recipients infected with HIV had increased risk of death compared with HIV-uninfected recipients. More recent single-center reports have indicated improved results, but this has not been assessed in a national population. Therefore, a retrospective cohort study of US adult deceased donor kidney transplant recipients from January 1, 1996, to May 31, 2001 was conducted; patients were followed until October 3 1, 2001. A total of 27,851 patients had valid recipient HIV serology. Cox regression analysis was used to model adjusted hazard ratios for mortality and graft loss, respectively, adjusted for other factors, including comorbid conditions from Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Studies Form 2728. Factors independently associated with HIV infection were also assessed by logistic regression analysis. Only 12.8% of HIV-infected recipients were black, compared with 27.6% in the entire study cohort. HIV-infected kidney transplant recipients were significantly less likely to be black in logistic regression analysis (adjusted OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.99; P = 0.049), which was the only factor independently associated with HIV infection. It was found that HIV-infected recipients had improved survival compared with HIV-uninfected recipients, although this was not statistically significant in adjusted analysis (adjusted HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.05 to 2.53; P = 0.31). Kidney transplantation in HIV-infected patients is plausible and ongoing, but HIV-infected candidates who underwent kidney transplantation in the United States during the course of the study were demographically unrepresentative of HIV-infected candidates generally. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. WRAMC, Organ Transplant Serv, Washington, DC USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Kidney Dis & Hypertens, Washington, DC USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kevin.abbott@na.amedd.army.mil OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 39 TC 72 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 15 IS 6 BP 1633 EP 1639 DI 10.1097/01.ASN.0000127987.19470.3A PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 823YD UT WOS:000221649400028 PM 15153575 ER PT J AU Koryak, M Stafford, LJ Reilly, RJ AF Koryak, M Stafford, LJ Reilly, RJ TI Declining intensity of acid mine drainage in the northern Appalachian Bituminous coal fields: Major Allegheny River tributaries SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE acid mine drainage; bituminous coal; water quality; water resources history; acidity; pH AB For more than 30 years, a program of continuous monitoring of pH, acidity, alkalinity, and other parameters has been maintained on a network of large streams degraded by acid mine drainage in the northern Appalachian high sulfur coal region. Continuous records since 1952 are available at a number of stations, and at several stations, acidity records date back to 1930. Comparable analysis techniques were maintained over the period of record, assuring the long term continuity of the database. This monitoring program has captured integrated long term trends within large and complex watersheds with numerous and varied types of mine discharges. The focus of this paper is a historical trend analysis of lightly to severely acid degraded major tributaries of the Allegheny River. Over the past three decades, all of the Allegheny River drainage basin stations have demonstrated steady and substantial declines in acidity and associated increases in pH and alkalinity. The average recorded decline in total acidity at four stations monitored since the 1950s was 94 percent. Since the 1970s, acidity declined by an average of 63 percent at 10 stations. Oxidative exhaustion of pyritic minerals exposed by mining is proposed as a major factor influencing these trends. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 USA. RP Koryak, M (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, 1000 Liberty Ave,Room 1919,William S Moorhead Fed, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 USA. EM rosemary.j.reilly@usace.army.mil NR 27 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER WATER RESOURCES ASSOC PI MIDDLEBURG PA 4 WEST FEDERAL ST, PO BOX 1626, MIDDLEBURG, VA 20118-1626 USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 40 IS 3 BP 677 EP 689 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2004.tb04452.x PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 835LL UT WOS:000222484600010 ER PT J AU Fox, CJ Rasmussen, TE O'Donnell, SD AF Fox, CJ Rasmussen, TE O'Donnell, SD TI Cystic adventitial disease of the popliteal artery SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Peripheral Vasc Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Fox, CJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Peripheral Vasc Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 2 TC 14 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 39 IS 6 BP 1351 EP 1351 DI 10.1016/j.jvs.2003.09.021 PG 1 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 829BR UT WOS:000222018600033 PM 15192581 ER PT J AU Rocke, TE Mencher, J Smith, SR Friedlander, AM Andrews, GP Baeten, LA AF Rocke, TE Mencher, J Smith, SR Friedlander, AM Andrews, GP Baeten, LA TI Recombinant F1-V fusion protein protects black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) against virulent Yersinia pestis infection SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE black-footed ferret; Mustela nigripes; plague; vaccination; Yersinia pestis ID PLAGUE AB Black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) are highly susceptible to sylvatic plague, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, and this disease has severely hampered efforts to restore ferrets to their historic range. A study was conducted to assess the efficacy of vaccination of black-footed ferrets against plague using a recombinant protein vaccine, designated F1-V, developed by personnel at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases. Seven postreproductive black-footed ferrets were immunized with the vaccine, followed by two booster immunizations on days 23 and 154; three control black-footed ferrets received a placebo. After the second immunization, antibody titers to both F1 and V antigen were found to be significantly higher in vaccinates than controls. On challenge with 7,800 colony-forming units of virulent plague by s.c. injection, the three control animals died within 3 days, but six of seven vaccinates survived with no ill effects. The seventh vaccinate died on day S. These results indicate that black-footed ferrets can be immunized against plague induced by the s.c. route, similar to fleabite injection. C1 US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Rocke, TE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA. OI Rocke, Tonie/0000-0003-3933-1563 NR 11 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI MEDIA PA 6 NORTH PENNELL ROAD, MEDIA, PA 19063 USA SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 35 IS 2 BP 142 EP 146 DI 10.1638/03-021 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 838HI UT WOS:000222703700002 PM 15305507 ER PT J AU Marathe, US Sniezek, JC AF Marathe, US Sniezek, JC TI Use of the vacuum-assisted closure device in enhancing closure of a massive skull defect SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article DE eccrine carcinoma; skull defect; negative-pressure dressing; vacuum-assisted closure ID WOUND CONTROL; MANAGEMENT; SYSTEM AB Objectives/Hypothesis: The objective was to describe a novel technique for reconstructing the cranial vertex without the use of free tissue transfer. Study Design: Case report, literature review, and discussion. Methods: A 50-year-old woman presented from a remote Pacific Island community with a 12 x 14-cm, necrotic, grossly contaminated eccrine gland carcinoma of the cranial vertex that extended through the calvarium but did not invade the dura. Following tumor extirpation, the resulting bony defect was 10 x 12 cm in size, with a concomitant scalp defect of 14 x 16 em. Free tissue transfer was impossible because of severe intimal peripheral vascular disease, posing a challenging reconstructive dilemma. After tumor resection, the bony edges were covered with local scalp flaps and the vacuum-assisted closure device was placed over the wound at a constant setting of -50 mm Hg. The vacuum-assisted closure device was changed three times per week for 3 weeks. Results: A thick, 1-cm bed of granulation tissue developed over the dura, allowing temporary coverage by a split-thickness skin graft, and the scalp defect decreased in size by approximately 25%. The patient did not develop meningitis, headache, or localized infection as a result of placement of the vacuum-assisted closure device and tolerated the vacuum-assisted closure well. After a requisite period of healing, tissue expanders and calvarial reconstruction will be performed. Conclusion: Use of the vacuum-assisted closure device is a safe, reliable adjunct in the closure of large cranial defects with exposed dura and offers a novel reconstructive option for complex defects of the head and neck. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Sniezek, JC (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 11 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD JUN PY 2004 VL 114 IS 6 BP 961 EP 964 DI 10.1097/00005537-200406000-00001 PG 4 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA 828RZ UT WOS:000221991900001 PM 15179195 ER PT J AU Metz, E AF Metz, E TI Eighth army: The triumphant desert army that held the axis at bay from North Africa to the Alps, 1939-45. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Metz, E (reprint author), Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 10 BP 152 EP 153 PG 2 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 826GL UT WOS:000221817200169 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI Abandoning Vietnam: How America left and South Vietnam lost its war. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Blountstown, FL USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 10 BP 154 EP 154 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 826GL UT WOS:000221817200176 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI The last men out: Life on the edge at rescue 2 firehouse SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 10 BP 162 EP 162 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 826GL UT WOS:000221817200204 ER PT J AU Sahoo, SK Nagarajan, R Roy, S Samuelson, LA Kumar, J Cholli, AL AF Sahoo, SK Nagarajan, R Roy, S Samuelson, LA Kumar, J Cholli, AL TI An enzymatically synthesized polyaniline: A solid-state NMR study SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID GEL-PERMEATION CHROMATOGRAPHY; CONDUCTING MOLECULAR-COMPLEX; POLY(VINYLPHOSPHONIC ACID); N-15 NMR; CP-MAS; POLYMERS; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPLATE; C-13; EMERALDINE AB The variation in molecular and electronic structure of doped (as synthesized) conducting, dedoped base, and redoped conducting forms of polyaniline (PANI) prepared by oxidative enzymatic polymerization of aniline with and without the presence of polyelectrolyte template was analyzed by solid-state C-13 and N-15 CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy. Polyanilines were enzymatically synthesized using a natural biocatalyst such as horseradish peroxidase (HRP) at pH 4.3 and a synthetic biomimetic catalyst, specifically poly(ethylene glycol)-coupled hematin (PEG-hematin), at pH 1.0. The HRP-catalyzed enzymatic polymerization of PANI was carried out in the presence of macromolecular polyelectrolyte templates such as poly(vinylphosphonic acid) (PVP), poly(4-styerenesulfonate) (SPS), and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA). C-13 and N-15 CP/MAS NMR spectral features indicate that the PANI obtained by PEG-hematin-catalyzed enzymatic polymerization resembles most with chemically synthesized analogues in its doped (as synthesized) conducting form than other forms of PANI. A systematic experiment involving a redoping process at different pH levels shows the structural changes during the transformation from dedoped base form to redoped conducting form. Solid-state NMR data also indicate a decrease of polaronic contribution at the higher doping level. End-group analysis from IN CP/MAS NMR data provides information on the molecular weight of the enzymatically polymerized PANI sample. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Cholli, AL (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. NR 34 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUN 1 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 11 BP 4130 EP 4138 DI 10.1021/ma035252+ PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 824LR UT WOS:000221688600029 ER PT J AU Purcell, BK Dooley, DP Gray, PJ Hill, KJ Oliverson, FW AF Purcell, BK Dooley, DP Gray, PJ Hill, KJ Oliverson, FW TI Experience with directly observed prophylaxis using erythromycin in military trainees exposed to pertussis SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 39th Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America CY OCT 25-28, 2001 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Infect Dis Soc Amer ID STATES NAVAL PERSONNEL; PNEUMONIA MORBIDITY; ACISTRATE; OUTBREAK; BASE AB Pertussis, once a serious respiratory disease in children, has recently been identified as a common cause of chronic cough in adults. Military personnel are known to be vulnerable to this disease. After a training barracks exposure to pertussis, routine arrangements for contact prophylaxis with erythromycin failed. This experience is reported here as well as that of our subsequent aggressive attempts using directly observed prophylaxis (DOP) with standard erythromycin regimens. No secondary cases occurred. However, many contacts (35%) could not finish a 14-day course despite DOP, mostly because of nausea (85%) or diarrhea (72%). Seventeen (18%) soldiers missed classes because of erythromycin side effects; five required emergency department visits or hospital admission for the same. Sixteen (17%) soldiers were switched to azithromycin because of side effects; all were able to complete a 14-day course without symptoms. High adherence rates with erythromycin administration using DOP are attainable but may trigger unacceptable toxicities; alternative prophylactic regimens should be considered for active duty personnel. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Purcell, BK (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 169 IS 6 BP 417 EP 420 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IX UT WOS:000235829900002 PM 15281668 ER PT J AU Witt, CJ Brundage, M Cannon, C Cox, K Clements, TE Cooper, ED Elbert, Y Ludwig, GV Mangiafico, JA Malakooti, M Miller, MK Osborn, SD Pagac, B Ross, LP Shelton, LJ Spring, A Kelley, P AF Witt, CJ Brundage, M Cannon, C Cox, K Clements, TE Cooper, ED Elbert, Y Ludwig, GV Mangiafico, JA Malakooti, M Miller, MK Osborn, SD Pagac, B Ross, LP Shelton, LJ Spring, A Kelley, P TI Department of Defense West Nile virus surveillance in 2002 SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Israel Defence Forces Shoresh Conference CY JAN 06-09, 2003 CL Tel Aviv, ISRAEL ID ENCEPHALITIS RESPONSE; RAPID DETECTION; ET-AL.; MOSQUITOS; PCR AB The Department of Defense (DoD) has engaged in West Nile virus (WNV) surveillance and response since 1999. In 2002, the three Services continued their cooperative, multidisciplinary approach to the WNV outbreak. Activities included a doubling of mosquito surveillance and vector control responses, extension of and doubling of bird and nonhuman mammal surveillance to all four continental United States regions, expanded diagnostic testing by DoD laboratories, and installation environmental clean up and personnel protection campaigns. Medical treatment facilities conducted passive surveillance and reported possible cases in DoD health care beneficiaries. Efforts were coordinated through active communication within installations, with commands, and with surrounding communities. Undertaken activities complemented each other to maximize surveillance coverage. The surveillance detected WNV on 44 DoD installations. It led directly to vector control and prevention activities, and there were no confirmed cases of WNV reported in the DoD force. This multi-Service effort is a surveillance template for future outbreaks that threaten DoD force health. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, DoD Global Emerging Infect Surveillance, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med N, Entomol Sci Div, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. USAF, Inst Environm Safety & Occupat Hlth Risk Assessme, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. VETCOM, Food Anal & Diagnost Lab, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USN, Ctr Environm Hlth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. Vet Command, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USAMEDDAC, Dept Prevent Med, Ft Polk, LA 71459 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Witt, CJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, DoD Global Emerging Infect Surveillance, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 169 IS 6 BP 421 EP 428 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IX UT WOS:000235829900003 PM 15281669 ER PT J AU Kemp, KR Emmons, E Hayes, J AF Kemp, KR Emmons, E Hayes, J TI Advance directives and do-not-resuscitate orders on general medical wards versus the intensive care unit SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LIFE; PATIENT; COST; PHYSICIAN; DEATH; END; ILL AB The records of 335 patients admitted to the general medicine wards and to the medical intensive and coronary care unit (MICCU) at Brooke Army Medical Center were retrospectively reviewed to assess the frequency of advance directives and "do not resuscitate" (DNR) designations. Two hundred sixty-seven (79.7%) were admitted to the ward and 68 (20.3%) were admitted to the MICCU. Advance directives were executed in 14.9% of patients. DNR designations were made for 21 (7.9%) patients on the ward and 11 (16.2%) patients in the MICCU (p = 0.064). There were no statistical differences in mean length of stay, presence of advance directives, or documentation of advance directives in ward versus MICCU patients. However, there was a statistical difference in the number of deaths in the MICCU as compared with that on the ward (9.7 vs. 2.7%, p < 0.05). The frequency of advance directives and DNR designations did not differ between ward and MICCU patients in this population, although there was a trend for greater DNR designations in the MICCU environment. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Kemp, KR (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 4 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 169 IS 6 BP 433 EP 436 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IX UT WOS:000235829900005 PM 15281671 ER PT J AU Schissel, DJ Wilde, JL AF Schissel, DJ Wilde, JL TI Operational dermatology SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PERSIAN-GULF; INFECTIONS; EXPERIENCE; VIETNAM; WAR AB Military dermatology encompasses all cutaneous manifestations that present to medical officers in a deployed situation, either in peacetime or in war. Medical officers in a field environment cannot avoid facing cutaneous quandaries. This article briefly highlights the omnipresent threat of cutaneous disease. It follows with a cost-effective look at periodically deploying a dermatologist to Bosnia. Volumes of historical data clearly justify the assignment of a dermatologist as a special consultant staff officer to every corps or theater medical staff. Despite this data, only two U.S. Army units in our present table of organization and equipment will have a dermatologist (60L) available for periodic direct-field consultation and teaching. After review of the historical data and the Stabilization Force-Bosnia statistics presented here, the table of organization and equipment restructuring that is required to meet the challenges of tomorrow will be clear. A dermatologist must be deployed as a theater or division consultant. C1 USA, Med Act, Heidelberg, Germany. USA, Med Act, APO, AE 09042 USA. USA Hosp, Landstuhl, Germany. USA Hosp, APO, AE 09180 USA. RP Schissel, DJ (reprint author), USA, Med Act, Heidelberg, Germany. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 169 IS 6 BP 444 EP 447 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IX UT WOS:000235829900007 PM 15281673 ER PT J AU Myers, JE Bechtel, A AF Myers, JE Bechtel, A TI Stress, wellness, and mattering among cadets at west point: Factors affecting a fit and healthy force SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DEVELOPMENTAL MODEL; FAMILY WELLNESS; HOLISTIC MODEL; LIFE-COURSE; SPIRITUALITY; PROMOTION; SOLDIER; ACADEMY; RISK AB This study was designed to provide information to assist in planning health promotion and wellness programs for military trainees. During their first semester at West Point, 179 cadets completed measures of holistic wellness, perceived stress, and mattering. The highest wellness scores were in areas of social support, physical wellness, and humor. Significant negative correlations were found between perceived stress and work, realistic beliefs, and stress management. Significant positive correlations resulted between 17 wellness scales and mattering. t tests revealed only one area, work wellness, where the norm group scores exceeded those of the cadets. Cadets' scores exceeded norm group scores for perceived wellness, mattering, and seven of the Wellness Evaluation of Lifestyle scales, including total self-direction. Within-group differences were identified based on gender, for four of the self-direction factors, and for age on the dimension of self-care. Implications for health promotion and wellness from the perspective of holistic wellness are considered. C1 Univ N Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. USA, Adjutant Gen Corps, US Total Army Personnel Command, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA. RP Myers, JE (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, 222 Curry Bldg, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. NR 34 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 5 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 169 IS 6 BP 475 EP 482 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IX UT WOS:000235829900014 PM 15281680 ER PT J AU Tharion, WJ Baker-Fulco, CJ Bovill, ME Montain, SM DeLany, JP Champagne, CM Hoyt, RW Lieberman, HR AF Tharion, WJ Baker-Fulco, CJ Bovill, ME Montain, SM DeLany, JP Champagne, CM Hoyt, RW Lieberman, HR TI Adequacy of garrison feeding for Special Forces soldiers during training SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Experimental Biology 2002 Annual Meeting CY APR 20-24, 2002 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA ID FIELD AB This study evaluated whether Special Forces (SF) soldiers training in garrison would meet nutrient intake recommendations using the available garrison dining facility. Dietary intakes were obtained by a visual estimation method and self-reported food records from 32 SF and 13 support soldiers for 9 days. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was measured in nine soldiers from each group using doubly labeled water. Mean (+/- SD) total energy expenditure of SF (4,099 +/- 740 kcal/day) was higher than support soldiers (3,361 +/- 939 kcal/day, p < 0.01). Energy intake did not differ between groups. Median energy intake for all soldiers was 3,204 kcal/day. The nutrient intake goals of SF soldiers were not fully met by eating in the dining facility. Extending meal times and providing additional meals or "take out" foods may allow energy needs of SF soldiers (similar to 4,200 kcal/day) to be met, while reducing the reliance on potentially less nutritious outside foods. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. RP Tharion, WJ (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM william.tharion@na.amedd.anny.mil NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 169 IS 6 BP 483 EP 490 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IX UT WOS:000235829900015 PM 15281681 ER PT J AU Martin, JE Mehta, R Aarabi, B Ecklund, JE Martin, AH Ling, GSF AF Martin, JE Mehta, R Aarabi, B Ecklund, JE Martin, AH Ling, GSF TI Intracranial insertion of a nasopharyngeal airway in a patient with craniofacial trauma SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BASILAR SKULL FRACTURE; NASOGASTRIC TUBE; COMPLICATION AB Intracranial insertion of a nasopharyngeal airway is an unusual and catastrophic complication of airway management in the patient with a severe closed head injury. We present an unfortunate 43-year-old patient with intracranial insertion of a nasopharyngeal airway during trauma resuscitation. The nasopharyngeal airway was removed. Attempts to resuscitate the patient were continued, but were eventually unsuccessful. Blind nasopharyngeal airway insertion may result in iatrogenic injury when used in the head-injured patient. Oropharyngeal airways may be used to assist with ventilation. However, it is preferable to definitively secure the airway through inline endotracheal intubation or with surgical techniques in this patient population. Should violation of the skull base occur, removal is accomplished in the controlled environment of the operating room. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Natl Capitol Consortium Neurosurg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Maryland, Med Syst, Dept Neurol Surg, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Malcolm Grow Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Andrews AFB, MD 20762 USA. RP Martin, JE (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 169 IS 6 BP 496 EP 497 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IX UT WOS:000235829900017 PM 15281683 ER PT J AU Baranyi, L Szebeni, J Savay, S Bentley, TB Bunger, R Purger, D Alving, CR AF Baranyi, L Szebeni, J Savay, S Bentley, TB Bunger, R Purger, D Alving, CR TI A novel C5a receptor inhibitor peptide alleviates hemorrhagic shock in rats SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 20th International Complement Workshop CY JUN 13-18, 2004 CL Honolulu, HI C1 Vaccine & Immunol Res Inst, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitat Med, Silver Spring, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. Walt Witman High Sch, Fairfax, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2-3 MA 13 BP 207 EP 207 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 827XK UT WOS:000221936800026 ER PT J AU Baranyi, L Szebeni, J Savay, S Bodo, M Milosevits, J Alving, CR Bunger, R AF Baranyi, L Szebeni, J Savay, S Bodo, M Milosevits, J Alving, CR Bunger, R TI Complement activation-related cardiac anaphylaxis in pigs: the role of adenosine SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 20th International Complement Workshop CY JUN 13-18, 2004 CL Honolulu, HI C1 Vaccine & Immunol Res Inst, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitat Med, Silver Spring, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anat Physiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2-3 MA 14 BP 207 EP 207 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 827XK UT WOS:000221936800027 ER PT J AU Kulik, L Fleming, SD Tsokos, GC Holers, VM AF Kulik, L Fleming, SD Tsokos, GC Holers, VM TI Absence of complement receptors CRI and CR2 causes changes in the natural antibody repertoire to intestinal and thymic autoantigens in mice SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 20th International Complement Workshop CY JUN 13-18, 2004 CL Honolulu, HI C1 UCHSC, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. UCHSC, Dept Immunol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2-3 MA 134 BP 262 EP 263 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 827XK UT WOS:000221936800144 ER PT J AU Szebeni, J Baranyi, L Bodo, M Savay, S Alving, CR Bunger, R AF Szebeni, J Baranyi, L Bodo, M Savay, S Alving, CR Bunger, R TI Drug-induced and complement-mediated cardiac anaphylaxis: a pig model SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 20th International Complement Workshop CY JUN 13-18, 2004 CL Honolulu, HI C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD USA. Vaccine & Immunol Res Inst, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitat Med, Silver Spring, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2-3 MA 242 BP 312 EP 312 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 827XK UT WOS:000221936800249 ER PT J AU Szebeni, J Hunter, CA Dadswell, CM Alving, CR Savay, S Moghimi, MS AF Szebeni, J Hunter, CA Dadswell, CM Alving, CR Savay, S Moghimi, MS TI Complement activation by the nonionic surfactant poloxamer 188 and a regulatory role for HDL and LDL SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 20th International Complement Workshop CY JUN 13-18, 2004 CL Honolulu, HI C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Brighton, Sch Pharm & Biomol sci, Mol Targeting & Polymer Toxicol Grp, Brighton BN2 4GJ, E Sussex, England. Univ Sussex, Sch Nat Sci, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2-3 MA 243 BP 312 EP 313 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 827XK UT WOS:000221936800250 ER PT J AU Szebeni, J Barayni, L Savay, S Bentley, TB Bunger, R Esser, D Bradford, R Smith, RA Gotze, O Mongan, PD Alving, CR AF Szebeni, J Barayni, L Savay, S Bentley, TB Bunger, R Esser, D Bradford, R Smith, RA Gotze, O Mongan, PD Alving, CR TI Complement activation during hemorrhagic shock in pigs and rats: the beneficial effects of membrane-binding complement inhibitor APT070 SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 20th International Complement Workshop CY JUN 13-18, 2004 CL Honolulu, HI C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD USA. Vaccine & Immunol Res Inst, Washington, DC USA. Univ Gottingen, D-3400 Gottingen, Germany. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2-3 MA 244 BP 313 EP 313 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 827XK UT WOS:000221936800251 ER PT J AU Smith, C AF Smith, C TI Tanks but no tanks SO NATURAL HISTORY LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Alexandria, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MUSEUM NAT HISTORY PI NEW YORK PA ATTN: LIBRARY SERIALS UNIT CENTRAL PK WEST AT 79TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10024-5192 USA SN 0028-0712 J9 NAT HIST JI Nat. Hist. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 113 IS 5 BP 67 EP 67 PG 1 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 824AC UT WOS:000221654700032 ER PT J AU Pallone, A Demaree, J Adams, J AF Pallone, A Demaree, J Adams, J TI Application of nondestructive ion beam analysis to measure variations in the elemental composition of armor materials SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Ion Beam Analysis CY JUN 29-JUL 04, 2003 CL Albuquerque, NM SP USAF Res Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Labs DE armor; ceramic; aluminum oxynitride; stoichiometry ID ALUMINUM OXYNITRIDE AB Lightweight, state-of-the-art armors rely on ceramics for their enhanced performance. One goal of the United States Army is to expand the industrial base of companies that provide the armors. A systematic study of armor performance as a function of ceramic stoichiometry will result in a better understanding of the fundamental relations between composition and mechanical performance. One ceramic of interest is aluminum oxynitride (AlON). The stoichiometries of representative samples of AlON were investigated with the nondestructive techniques of Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and resonant nuclear reaction analysis. Future tests of the performance of the AlON samples are to be correlated with the stoichiometries, and hence will lead to optimum, standardized processes for the manufacture of the AlON. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US Mil Acad, MADN PHYS, D Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Pallone, A (reprint author), US Mil Acad, MADN PHYS, D Phys, Bldg 753,Bartlett Hall, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM art.pallone@murraystate.edu; jadams@arl.army.mil NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUN PY 2004 VL 219 BP 755 EP 758 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.01.157 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 827JO UT WOS:000221895800142 ER PT J AU Weber, BA Penn, JA AF Weber, BA Penn, JA TI Synthetic forward-looking infrared signatures for training and testing target identification classifiers SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SPIE Conference on Automatic Tartget Recognition 12 CY APR, 2002 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE automatic target recognizer; classifier; target identification; synthetic signatures; infrared; forward-looking infrared ID IMAGERY; PERFORMANCE AB A series of experiments are performed to benchmark the performance of a target identification classifier trained on synthetic forward-looking infrared (FLIR) target signatures. Results show that the classifier, when trained on synthetic target signatures and tested on measured, real-world target signatures, can perform as well as when trained on measured target signatures alone. It is also shown that when trained on a combined database of measured plus synthetic target signatures, performance exceeds that when trained on either database alone. Finally, it is shown that within a large, diverse database of signatures there exists a subset of signatures whose trained classifier performance can exceed that achieved using the whole database. These results suggest that for classification applications, synthetic FUR data can be used when enough measured data is unavailable or cannot be obtained due to expense or unavailability of targets, sensors, or site access. (C) 2004 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Res Lab, SE, SE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Weber, BA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, SE, SE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM bweber@arl.army.mil NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 43 IS 6 BP 1414 EP 1423 DI 10.1117/1.1719026 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 830AL UT WOS:000222093900023 ER PT J AU Cohen, SP Larkin, TM Carragee, E AF Cohen, SP Larkin, TM Carragee, E TI Transforaminal epidural steroid delivery and diagnosing the level of nerve root pathology: comments on Baker et al., Pain 103/1-2, 2003 SO PAIN LA English DT Letter C1 NYU, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Pain Management Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Uniformed Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Orthoped Surg, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Pain Management Ctr, 317 E 34th St,Suite 902,268 E Broadway,Apt A1407, New York, NY 10016 USA. EM steven.cohen@med.nyu.edu NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3959 J9 PAIN JI Pain PD JUN PY 2004 VL 109 IS 3 BP 526 EP 527 DI 10.1016/j.pain.2004.03.011 PG 2 WC Anesthesiology; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Anesthesiology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 829HW UT WOS:000222039400045 PM 15157721 ER PT J AU Komirenko, SM Kim, KW Kochelap, VA Woolard, DL AF Komirenko, SM Kim, KW Kochelap, VA Woolard, DL TI Low-field electron runaway and spontaneous formation of two-beam velocity distribution in polar semiconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO; TRANSPORT; SIO2; CONDUCTION; GAAS; GAN AB We show that high-energy electron injection into a polar semiconductor can lead to a spontaneous splitting of the electron beam into two distinct groups with different velocity distributions. While one group of electrons experiences thermalization in a given subthreshold field, the velocity and energy of the second group increases with distance due to the previously unknown low-field electron runaway effect. We investigate the dependence of the carrier distribution on the injection energy, and show that the overall distribution exhibits a partial population inversion with a distance-dependent energy gap between the thermalized and runaway electrons. The low-field runaway is a universal effect which is characteristic of nanoscale semiconductors where polar optical phonon scattering predominates and there is a large intervalley energy separation as in the group-III nitride heterostructures. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Semicond Phys, UA-252650 Kiev, Ukraine. USA, Div Elect, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM kwk@ncsu.edu NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2004 VL 69 IS 23 AR 233201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.69.233201 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 836BZ UT WOS:000222531400006 ER PT J AU Zhou, FP Advani, SG Wetzel, ED AF Zhou, FP Advani, SG Wetzel, ED TI Slow drag in granular materials under high pressure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR ELASTICITY; CERAMIC TARGETS; POWDER; FLOW; MODEL; PENETRATION; MEDIA; COMPRESSION; CYLINDER; BEHAVIOR AB The resistance offered by a cylindrical rod to creeping cross flow of granular materials under pressure is investigated. The experimental system consists of a confined bed of granular particles, which are compacted under high pressure to consolidate the granular medium. A cylindrical rod is pulled at a constant and slow rate through the granular medium, and the measured pulling resistance is characterized as a drag force. The influence of various parameters such as the velocity of the cylindrical rod, the rod diameter and length, the granular particle size, and the compaction pressure on the required drag force is investigated experimentally. Nondimensional analysis is performed to simplify the relationships between these variables. The results show that the drag force is independent of the drag velocity, is linearly proportional to compaction pressure and rod diameter, and increases with rod length and particle size. Additional compaction experiments show that the effective density of the granular bed increases linearly with pressure, and similar behavior is noted for all particle sizes. These results should prove useful in the development of constitutive equations that can describe the motion of solid objects through compacted granular media under high pressure, such as during ballistic penetration of soils or ceramic armors. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Zhou, FP (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. NR 36 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUN PY 2004 VL 69 IS 6 AR 061306 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.69.061306 PN 1 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 835RH UT WOS:000222502700029 PM 15244559 ER PT J AU Levy, JA AF Levy, JA TI Common bacterial dermatoses - Protecting competitive athletes SO PHYSICIAN AND SPORTSMEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PITTED KERATOLYSIS; INFECTIONS AB Athletes competing in a wide variety of sports are at risk of contracting and spreading bacterial skin infections. Bacteria proliferate in environments of wet, macerated skin that is repeatedly abraded against competing athletes, equipment, clothing, or objects in the field of play. Common infections include impetigo, folliculitis, furunculosis, pitted keratolysis, and otitis externa. Diagnosis and treatment are often straightforward and vary little from care for nonathletes. However, knowledge of preventive strategies and return-to-play criteria, as outlined by the National Collegiate Athletic Association, are paramount for clinicians who care for competitive athletes. C1 US Army Hlth Clin, Friedberg, Germany. RP Levy, JA (reprint author), CMR 453,Box 3324, APO, AE 09074 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MCGRAW HILL HEALTHCARE PUBLICATIONS PI MINNEAPOLIS PA 4530 WEST 77TH ST, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55435-5000 USA SN 0091-3847 J9 PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED JI Physician Sportsmed. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 32 IS 6 BP 33 EP 39 PG 7 WC Primary Health Care; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 826LP UT WOS:000221830900005 PM 20086415 ER PT J AU Simini, M Checkai, RT Kuperman, RG Phillips, CT Kolakowski, JE Kurnas, CW AF Simini, M. Checkai, R. T. Kuperman, R. G. Phillips, C. T. Kolakowski, J. E. Kurnas, C. W. TI Toxicity of explosives contaminated soil to plants SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Simini, M.; Checkai, R. T.; Kuperman, R. G.; Phillips, C. T.; Kolakowski, J. E.; Kurnas, C. W.] USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RI Kuperman, Roman/D-4297-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S96 EP S96 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501037 ER PT J AU Maynord, S AF Maynord, S TI Ship effects at the bankline of navigation channels SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS-MARITIME ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE hydraulics & hydrodynamics; mathematical modelling; waterways & canals AB Ship effects at the bankline are most significant in confined channels and many ship channels contain a shallow berm on one or both sides of the channel. The shallow berm has a large impact on the ship effects at the bankline. The dominant ship effects in confined channels are caused by the displacement effects of the ship and include long-period effects of drawdown, return velocity, transverse stern wave, and surge. Ships generally operate at 80-90% of limit speed and the displacement effects of the ship vary significantly with speed in this range. Analytical/ empirical methods cannot address ship effects where shallow berms exist or complex channels. A numerical model, HIVEL2D, is used to determine ship effects in complex confined channels. Model-prototype comparisons show agreement of long-period effects such as drawdown. An empirical relationship is developed for determining surge magnitude but is limited to the waterway on which it was developed until additional data can be collected. C1 Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Maynord, S (reprint author), Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU THOMAS TELFORD PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA THOMAS TELFORD HOUSE, 1 HERON QUAY, LONDON E14 4JD, ENGLAND SN 1741-7597 J9 P I CIVIL ENG-MAR EN JI Proc. Inst. Civil. Eng.-Marit. Eng. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 157 IS 2 BP 93 EP 100 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 864RI UT WOS:000224650200004 ER PT J AU Scafetta, N Picozzi, S West, BJ AF Scafetta, N Picozzi, S West, BJ TI An out-of-equilibrium model of the distributions of wealth SO QUANTITATIVE FINANCE LA English DT Article ID POWER LAWS; MULTIPLICATIVE PROCESSES; STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; SAVING PROPENSITY; PARETO LAW; INCOME; MARKET; MONEY AB The distribution of wealth among the members of a society is herein assumed to result from two fundamental mechanisms: trade and investment. An empirical distribution of wealth shows an abrupt change between the low-medium range, that may be fitted by a non-monotonic function with an exponential-like tail such as a gamma distribution, and the high wealth range, that is well fitted by a Pareto or inverse power-law function. We demonstrate that an appropriate trade-investment model, depending on three adjustable parameters associated with the total wealth of a society, a social differentiation among agents, and economic volatility referred to as investment, can successfully reproduce the distribution of empirical wealth data in the low, medium and high ranges. Finally, we provide an economic interpretation of the mechanisms in the model and, in particular, we discuss the difference between classical and neoclassical theories regarding the concepts of value and price. We consider the importance that out-of-equilibrium trade transactions, where the prices differ from values, have in real economic societies. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Duke Univ, Pratt Sch, EE Dept, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Scafetta, N (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RI West, Bruce/E-3944-2017; OI Scafetta, Nicola/0000-0003-0967-1911 NR 46 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1469-7688 J9 QUANT FINANC JI Quant. Financ. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 4 IS 3 BP 353 EP 364 DI 10.1088/1469-7688/4/3/010 PG 12 WC Business, Finance; Economics; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Business & Economics; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 839EV UT WOS:000222767100013 ER PT J AU Dodge, JP AF Dodge, JP TI The ankle teardrop sign SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE ankle, abnormalities; ankle, injuries; joints, fluid; signs in imaging ID EFFUSIONS; FLUID C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Dodge, JP (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM justin.p.dodge@us.army.mil NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 231 IS 3 BP 789 EP 790 DI 10.1148/radiol.2313021096 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 823BR UT WOS:000221585200027 PM 15163818 ER PT J AU Cole, MW Geyer, RG AF Cole, MW Geyer, RG TI Novel tunable acceptor doped BST thin films for high quality tunable microwave devices SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA LA English DT Article DE tunable microwave devices; thin films; microstructure ID MICROSTRUCTURE; TEMPERATURE; CAPACITORS AB The materials properties of undoped and low concentration Mg doped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 (BST) thin films are reported. The films were fabricated on single crystal (100) MgO and Pt coated Si substrates via the metalorganic solution deposition (MOSD) technique using carboxylate-alkoxide precursors and post-deposition annealed at 800degreesC (film/MgO substrates) and 750degreesC (film/Pt-Si substrates). The dielectric properties were measured at 10 GHz using unpattemed/non-metallized films via a tuned coupled/split dielectric resonator system and at 100 kHz using metal-insulator-metal capacitors. The structure, microstructure, surface morphology and film/substrate compositional quality were analyzed and correlated to the films dielectric and insulating properties. The Mg doped BST films exhibited improved dielectric loss and insulating characteristics compared to the undoped BST thin films. The improved dielectric properties, low leakage current, and good tunability of the low level Mg doped BST thin films merits strong potential for utilization in microwave tunable devices. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, RF Technol Div, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RP Cole, MW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM mcole@arl.army.mil NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOCIEDAD MEXICANA DE FISICA PI COYOACAN PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-348, COYOACAN 04511, MEXICO SN 0035-001X J9 REV MEX FIS JI Rev. Mex. Fis. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 50 IS 3 BP 232 EP 238 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 832CI UT WOS:000222244400006 ER PT J AU Newmark, J AF Newmark, J TI Nerve agents: Pathophysiology and treatment of poisoning SO SEMINARS IN NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE nerve agent; chemical warfare agent; cholinergic crisis; sarin; tabun; soman ID SOMAN-INDUCED SEIZURES; TOKYO SUBWAY ATTACK; SARIN; MANIFESTATIONS AB Nerve agents, the deadliest of the classical chemical warfare agents, primarily function as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and cause a rapidly progressive cholinergic crisis. Because of the speed of onset of the syndrome, treatment must be rendered emergently and will most likely be performed by first responders. Neurologists should be familiar with the pathophysiology and treatment of syndromes caused by nerve agents, not only to assist with the hospital care of these patients but also to serve as resources to their local medical communities in preparation for chemical terrorism. C1 USA, CDR, MRICD, MCMR UV ZM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Newmark, J (reprint author), USA, CDR, MRICD, MCMR UV ZM, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 37 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC PI NEW YORK PA 333 SEVENTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA SN 0271-8235 J9 SEMIN NEUROL JI Semin. Neurol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 24 IS 2 BP 185 EP 196 DI 10.1055/s-2004-830906 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 840NJ UT WOS:000222865500008 PM 15257516 ER PT J AU Hislop, D Lacroix, Z Moeller, G AF Hislop, D Lacroix, Z Moeller, G TI Issues in mechanical engineering design management SO SIGMOD RECORD LA English DT Article AB The Virtual Parts Engineering Research Center (VPERC), funded by the Army Research Office, focuses on building frameworks, tools, and technologies for making engineered systems sustainable and maintainable thanks to a virtual engineering environment intended to transform the engineering process, thus supporting extremely fast turnaround times for urgent part supply needs. One of its key research thrusts is data management targeted for the design process. The invitational VPERC workshop held at Arizona State University in June 2003, involved 38 participants from academia, governmental institutions and industry who discussed legacy systems engineering. This paper presents the data management needs to support mechanical engineering design as they were discussed at the meeting. C1 USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. USA, Tank Automot & Armaments Command, ATTN, AMSTA,LC,CIPW, Rock Isl, IL 61299 USA. RP Hislop, D (reprint author), USA, Res Off, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM hislop@aro.arl.army.mil; zoe.lacroix@asu.edu; moellerg@ria.army.mil NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA SN 0163-5808 J9 SIGMOD RECORD JI Sigmod Rec. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 33 IS 2 BP 135 EP 138 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 852DD UT WOS:000223734500020 ER PT J AU Messer, SC Liu, X Hoge, CW Cowan, DN Engel, CC AF Messer, SC Liu, X Hoge, CW Cowan, DN Engel, CC TI Projecting mental disorder prevalence from national surveys to populations-of-interest - An illustration using ECA data and the U.S. Army SO SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHIATRIC EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE synthetic estimation; prevalence; mental disorder; multivariable logistic regression; ECA ID PSYCHIATRIC-TREATMENT; GENERAL-POPULATION; UNITED-STATES; NEEDS AB Background Psychiatric epidemiology can further public health practice and inform mental health policy through the development of methodologies that provide rapid and cost efficient estimation of the prevalence of mental disorders at the local, regional, and population levels. Objective The aim of this study was to illustrate an efficient method for the estimation of mental disorder prevalence in population groups where no direct prevalence data are available. This study demonstrated a new method to extrapolate prevalences from a national calibration survey to a target population where no observations are available and sociodemographic differences are prominent. Method We restricted the ECA sample to full-time employed participants (similar to10,500) and used the total active duty U. S. Army population (similar to460,000) for illustration. Sociodemographic data for the Army came from the official military database (mid-year 2000). Our logistic regression projections represented an extension of sociodemographicdriven synthetic methods used among demographers. Outcomes were lifetime prevalences for 13 DIS/DSM disorders. Results Compared to the ECA employed population, extrapolations to the Army revealed lower/similar estimates for nine of 13 DIS/DSM disorders. Projections were twice as high for alcohol abuse/dependence and antisocial personality, and one-third higher for social phobia and schizophrenia in the Army. Estimates compared favorably to one other military prevalence study, and to results derived using traditional standardization/adjustment methods based on the ECA sample weighted to the working general population. Conclusions The synthetic estimation technique using ECA data to project lifetime prevalences for the U. S. Army generated sound estimates while illustrating an attractive method to extrapolate national data to demographically diverse communities seeking policy-relevant data. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Messer, SC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM stephen.messer@na.amedd.army.mil NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU DR DIETRICH STEINKOPFF VERLAG PI DARMSTADT PA PO BOX 10 04 62, D-64204 DARMSTADT, GERMANY SN 0933-7954 J9 SOC PSYCH PSYCH EPID JI Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 39 IS 6 BP 419 EP 426 DI 10.1007/s00127-004-0757-1 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 832FA UT WOS:000222251400001 PM 15205725 ER PT J AU Malone, F Callahan, CW Chan, DS Sheets, MS Person, DA AF Malone, F Callahan, CW Chan, DS Sheets, MS Person, DA TI Caring for children with asthma through teleconsultation: "ECHO-Pac, the Electronic Children's Hospital of the Pacific" SO TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL AND E-HEALTH LA English DT Article ID METERED-DOSE INHALER; MANAGEMENT; TELEMEDICINE; IMPROVEMENT; PROGRAM AB A Web-based store-and-forward teleconsultation asthma management system was implemented to provide subspecialty asthma care to military children with asthma living in the Western Pacific. Seven children with moderate to severe asthma (mean age 11.9+/-3.7 years) were followed for 1 year by their primary care provider (PCM) using a Web-based asthma pathway, with regular pediatric pulmonary teleconsults to Tripler Army Medical Center. Therapeutic monitoring included MPEG video recording of patient using metered-dose inhaler (MDI) technique submitted to the pulmonologist at specified intervals. Utilization of services for unscheduled asthma-related visits was monitored. PCMs were surveyed regarding their asthma practice before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using Student's t test for continuous variables and Wilcoxon signed-rank or chi-square for noncontinuous variables. Therapeutic adherence was evidenced by improved inhaler technique in all patients. There were fewer ED visits for asthma (3.85+/-5.14, range 0-15 vs. 0 visits, p<0.05) and fewer unscheduled acute clinic visits (1.57&PLUSMN;1.27, range 0-4 vs. 0.286&PLUSMN;0.48, p<0.05) in the study year versus the preceding year. There were two hospitalizations in the year prior to the study; however, no patients were hospitalized during the study PCM use of an asthma action plan increased from 24% to 73% (p<0.01) and provision of asthma education increased from 18% to 73%, (p<0.01). However, PCMs reported that they were not more likely to watch their patient's MDI technique themselves (29% vs. 45%) nor order or interpret spirometry on their patients (12 vs. 18%). In this project, children with asthma followed by teleconsultation had improved outcomes. Store-and-forward teleconsultation can be used to follow children with chronic disease such as asthma over time. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Pacific Telehlth & Technol Hui, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Callahan, CW (reprint author), MCHK PE, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM charles.callahan@arifjan.arcent.army.mil NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1530-5627 J9 TELEMED J E-HEALTH JI Telemed. J. e-Health PD SUM PY 2004 VL 10 IS 2 BP 138 EP 146 DI 10.1089/1530562041641192 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 845MM UT WOS:000223248400005 PM 15319043 ER PT J AU Ader, DB Celluzzi, C Bisbing, J Gilmore, L Gunther, V Peachman, KK Rao, M Barvir, D Sun, W Palmer, DR AF Ader, DB Celluzzi, C Bisbing, J Gilmore, L Gunther, V Peachman, KK Rao, M Barvir, D Sun, W Palmer, DR TI Modulation of Dengue virus infection of dendritic cells by Aedes aegypti saliva SO VIRAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HEPATITIS-B VIRUS; FACTOR-ALPHA; ANOPHELES-STEPHENSI; INTERFERON-GAMMA; IGG4 ANTIBODIES; HEPARAN-SULFATE; REPLICATION; FEVER; BITES AB Dengue virus (DV) is a flavivirus carried by the Aedes aegypti mosquito that causes a spectrum of illnesses in the tropics, including dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen presenting cells recently shown to be permissive for DV, and implicated as the primary targets of initial DV infection. DV is transmitted to human host by infected mosquitoes during a blood meal, but it is currently unknown whether transmission is modified by vector saliva that is also deposited in the host's skin during feeding. Previous studies evaluated only the outcome of DV infection of DCs, and did not address the influence of mosquito saliva. To more fully characterize natural transmission of DV, we evaluated the effects of Ae. aegypti saliva on DV infection of human myeloid DCs. We found that saliva inhibited DV infection in DCs. Moreover, pre-sensitization of DCs with saliva, prior to DV infection, enhanced inhibition. In addition, enhanced production of IL-12p70 and TNF-alpha were detected in DV-infected DC cultures exposed to mosquito saliva. The proportion of dead cells was also significantly reduced in these cultures. These data contribute to the overall understanding of the natural pathogenesis of DV infection and suggest that there is a protective role for mosquito saliva that limits viral uptake by DCs. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20810 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20810 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20810 USA. Amer Red Cross, Holland Lab, Dept Blood & Cell Therapy Dev, Rockville, MD USA. RP Palmer, DR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20810 USA. EM Dupeh.Palmer@na.amedd.army.mil NR 47 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 8 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0882-8245 J9 VIRAL IMMUNOL JI Viral Immunol. PD SUM PY 2004 VL 17 IS 2 BP 252 EP 265 DI 10.1089/0882824041310496 PG 14 WC Immunology; Virology SC Immunology; Virology GA 834LB UT WOS:000222411500010 PM 15279703 ER PT J AU Priscoli, JD AF Priscoli, JD TI What is public participation in water resources management and why is it important? SO WATER INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE participation; conflict resolution; ethics; water resources management; decision making; stakeholders; training AB Control of water is control of life. How we exercise this control reveals what we value, who we are, and what type of society we seek to become. Water management and its civil infrastructure is closely linked to our civic culture. Participation is central to such linkages. This paper looks at five dimensions of participation to discern why it is important to decision makers in water resources management. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Inst Water Resources, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Priscoli, JD (reprint author), 7701 Telegraph Rd,Casey Bldg, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. EM priscoli@erols.com NR 20 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 9 PU INT WATER RESOURCES ASSOC PI CARBONDALE PA SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV, 4535 FANER HALL, MC 4516, CARBONDALE, IL 62901-4516 USA SN 0250-8060 J9 WATER INT JI Water Int. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 29 IS 2 BP 221 EP 227 PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 832YU UT WOS:000222304400011 ER PT J AU Lichvar, R Gustina, G Bolus, R AF Lichvar, R Gustina, G Bolus, R TI Ponding duration, ponding frequency, and field indicators: a case study on three California, USA, playas SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE playa; ponding; duration; frequency; indicators; inundation; Mojave desert; satellite imagery; MTI; TM; delineation ID AVHRR; LAKE AB Playas are temporarily ponded, shallow, intermittent lakes found in the and southwest United States formed by rainfall and runoff in the wet season. Because playas are considered "Waters of the United States" (WoUS) under Federal Regulations 33 CFR 328.3 [a], their jurisdictional extent is delineated by either observation of ponded water or physical characteristics that represent ordinary high water marks that remain after the water has receded. To date, no surface hydrologic studies have described the frequency and duration of ponded water within desert playa systems to facilitate the understanding of "ordinary" for delineation purposes. To establish a baseline to support further the concept of "ordinary," we used 20 years of historical satellite imagery of playas in the western Mojave Desert, California, in combination with 59 years of precipitation records, to provide a case study of frequency and duration of ponding in playas in the and southwestern United States. Ponding was found to occur for at least 16 days, with a frequency of 51% or approximately every other year. We estimated the average antecedent precipitation needed to initiate ponding to be 8.29 cm. In years when rainfall exceeded 8.29 cm between October and March, the playas also ponded for 16 days into the growing season (March-November). The total length of the ponding period through the wet season ranged between I and 32 weeks, with a predictable relationship between length of inundation and total rainfall during the wet season. This range of occurrence of ponded water on these and playas expresses the climatically unevenly distributed precipitation pattern, both spatial and temporally. Analysis of the ponding duration and frequency from this study site acts as a baseline for further refinement of the concept of ordinary high water and provides a basis for further development of field indicators for delineation purposes of and southwestern playas. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. US Dept Interior, Bur Land Management, Taos, NM 87571 USA. RP USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Robert.W.Lichvar@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 28 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD JUN PY 2004 VL 24 IS 2 BP 406 EP 413 DI 10.1672/0277-5212(2004)024[0406:PDPFAF]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 835LO UT WOS:000222485000014 ER PT J AU Smith, JE Taylor, SJ Whelan, CJ Denight, ML Stake, MM AF Smith, JE Taylor, SJ Whelan, CJ Denight, ML Stake, MM TI Behavioral interactions between fire ants and vertebrate nest predators at two black-capped Vireo nests SO WILSON BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA; BAIOMYS-TAYLORI; HYMENOPTERA; FORMICIDAE; TEXAS; ABUNDANCE; INVASION; IMPACTS; DENSITY AB We report on behavioral interactions between fire ants (Solenopsis invicta) and vertebrate predators at two Black-capped Vireo (Vireo atricapilla) nests at Fort Hood, Texas. In the presence of fire ants, an eastern woodrat (Neotoma floridana) failed to depredate a clutch of vireo eggs at one nest, while a rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta lindheimeri) depredated nestlings at another nest, despite tire ants swanning the nest. Neither nest was successful. Direct and indirect effects of interactions among nest predators on avian nesting Success need further assessment. C1 Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Ctr Biodivers, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. CERL, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. Nat Conservancy Texas, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. RP Taylor, SJ (reprint author), Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Ctr Biodivers, 607 E Peabody Dr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. EM sjtaylor@inhs.uiuc.edu RI Smith, Jennifer/B-9099-2008; OI Taylor, Steven/0000-0002-3020-5205; Whelan, Christopher/0000-0001-7511-2603 NR 21 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI ANN ARBOR PA MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA SN 0043-5643 J9 WILSON BULL JI Wilson Bull. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 116 IS 2 BP 163 EP 166 DI 10.1676/0043-5643(2004)116[0163:BIBFAA]2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 862OA UT WOS:000224499200006 ER PT J AU Choi, KK Dang, G Little, JW Leung, KM Tamir, T AF Choi, KK Dang, G Little, JW Leung, KM Tamir, T TI Quantum grid infrared spectrometer SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FOCAL-PLANE ARRAYS; NARROW-BAND; BROAD-BAND; PHOTODETECTORS; SUPERLATTICES; WAVELENGTH; WELLS AB We have designed and characterized an infrared spectrometer, which uses a linear array of quantum grid infrared photodetectors (QGIPs) as its spectral sensing elements. Each QGIP element shares the same detector material but has a different grid geometry. The detector material, which is based on a binary superlattice design, provides an 8-14 mum broadband absorption medium for the spectrometer. The geometry of the grid, which is the light coupling structure under normal incidence, selects individual absorption wavelength for each element. Using a linear array of QGIPs of different geometries, multiple wavelengths can be detected simultaneously, and the array thus forms a spectrometer. Multicolor infrared imaging can then be achieved by integrating such QGIPs in unit cells of a two-dimensional array. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Polytech Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. RP Choi, KK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM kchoi@arl.army.mil NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 31 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 22 BP 4439 EP 4441 DI 10.1063/1.1758785 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 822KF UT WOS:000221537500027 ER PT J AU Chung, PW AF Chung, PW TI Computational method for atomistic homogenization of nanopatterned point defect structures SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE homogenization; nanopatterning; mechanics; lattice; carbon; graphene; thin films ID BRUGGER ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; MANY-BODY FORCES; LENGTH SCALES; SURFACES; FORMULATION; MECHANISMS; ENERGETICS; GRAPHITE; SOLIDS AB The development of an approximation method that rigorously averages small-scale atomistic physics and embeds them in large-scale mechanics is the principal aim of this work. This paper presents a general computational procedure based on homogenization to average frozen nanoscale atomistics and couple them to the equations of continuum hyperelasticity. The proposed application is to nanopatterned systems in which complex atomic configurations are organized in a repeating periodic array. The finite element method is used to solve the equations at the large scale, but the small-scale equation is representative of lattice-statics. The method is predicated on a quasistatic zero-temperature assumption and, through homogenization, leads to a coupled set of variational equations. The numerical procedure is presented in detail, and 2-D examples of ultra thin film layers of carbon one atom thick are shown to illustrate its applicability. Homogenization naturally gives rise to an inner displacement term with which point defects are explicitly modelled and their non-linear interactions with global states of multiaxial strain are studied. Published in 2004 by John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Chung, PW (reprint author), AMSRL CI HC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM pchung@arl.army.mil NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD MAY 28 PY 2004 VL 60 IS 4 BP 833 EP 859 DI 10.1002/nmc.989 PG 27 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 824CP UT WOS:000221661900005 ER PT J AU Munger, KL DeLorenze, GN Levin, LI Rubertone, MV Vogelman, JH Peck, CA Peeling, RW Orentreich, N Ascherio, A AF Munger, KL DeLorenze, GN Levin, LI Rubertone, MV Vogelman, JH Peck, CA Peeling, RW Orentreich, N Ascherio, A TI A prospective study of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and risk of MS in two US cohorts SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS PATIENTS; SERUM; LESIONS; FLUID; MRI AB Background: Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) has been proposed as a possible etiologic agent in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, previous studies were cross-sectional and could not assess whether Cpn infection preceded the onset of MS. Methods: The authors conducted a prospective nested case-control study among 3 million US Army personnel and 121,466 members of the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program (KPMCP) cohort. Serum samples collected prior to onset of MS symptoms were available for 83 MS cases in the Army and 46 in the KPMCP cohort. Two controls were matched to each case on age, sex, and date of blood collection. Microimmunofluorescence was used to measure serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody titers to Cpn; IgG titers greater than or equal to 1: 16 were considered positive for past Cpn infection. Results: Seropositivity for Cpn was not significantly associated with risk of MS in either cohort (Army: OR = 1.0; 95% CI 0.6, 1.8; KPMCP: OR = 1.5; 95% CI 0.7, 3.1) or in the pooled analysis (OR = 1.2; 95% CI 0.8, 1.9). Serum levels of anti-Cpn IgG antibody were also not associated with an increased risk of MS in the Army (OR for a fourfold difference in antibody titers = 0.9; 95% CI 0.7, 1.2) or in the pooled analysis (OR = 1.2; 95% CI 0.9, 1.4), but a significant increase in risk was seen in the KPMCP cohort (OR = 1.7; 95% CI 1.2, 2.5). The difference between these results in the Army and the KPMCP cohort was significant (p = 0.01). Conclusions: Neither Cpn seropositivity nor serum anti-Cpn IgG antibody titers predicted risk of developing MS. However, due to the heterogeneity of results between cohorts, we cannot exclude the possibility that infection with Cpn may modify the risk of MS. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Kaiser Fdn, Res Inst, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Army Med Surveillance Act, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Orentreich Fdn Advancement Sci Inc, Cold Spring On Hudson, NY USA. USA, Phys Disabil Agcy, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Natl Microbiol Lab, Natl Lab Sexually Transmitted Dis, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Lab, Boston, MA USA. RP Ascherio, A (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM alberto.ascherio@channing.harvard.edu FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS43604] NR 23 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD MAY 25 PY 2004 VL 62 IS 10 BP 1799 EP 1803 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 823IJ UT WOS:000221603900025 PM 15159481 ER PT J AU Feng, K De Boni, L Misoguti, L Mendonca, CR Meador, M Hsu, FL Bu, XR AF Feng, K De Boni, L Misoguti, L Mendonca, CR Meador, M Hsu, FL Bu, XR TI Y-shaped two-photon absorbing molecules with an imidazole-thiazole core SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR-OPTICAL CHROMOPHORES; ABSORPTION; DERIVATIVES; FLUORESCENCE; DESIGN AB Two new classes of two-photon absorbing Y-shaped molecules have been developed to possess an imidazole-thiazole core and a stilbene-type conjugation pathway with either nitro or sulfonyl as terminal electron-accepting group. C1 Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. NASA, Ctr High Performance Polymers & Composites, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. Inst Fis Sao Carlos, Dept Fis & Ciencia Mat, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. NASA, Polymer Branch, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Bu, XR (reprint author), Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. EM crmendon@if.sc.usp.br; xbu@cau.edu RI De Boni, Leonardo/B-9066-2012; Misoguti, Lino/C-2462-2012; Group, Photonics/D-3910-2012; Mendonca, Cleber/B-9050-2012; Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP/M-2664-2016 OI De Boni, Leonardo/0000-0002-1875-1852; Misoguti, Lino/0000-0001-6624-8453; FU NCRR NIH HHS [G12-RR03062] NR 27 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PD MAY 21 PY 2004 IS 10 BP 1178 EP 1180 DI 10.1039/b402019g PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 828XZ UT WOS:000222008300013 PM 15136827 ER PT J AU Sifer, N Gardner, K AF Sifer, N Gardner, K TI An analysis of hydrogen production from ammonia hydride hydrogen generators for use in military fuel cell environments SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE PEM fuel cells; hydrogen production; ammonia AB In an effort to simultaneously improve upon existing power storage and generation devices while supplying America's war fighters with state-of-the-art equipment, the US military has focused on fuel cell technology for several military applications. These applications include soldier and sensor power (0-100 W) and auxiliary power units (500-3000 W). Over the past few years, the fuel cell industry has realized remarkable decreases in the size and weight of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell systems. However, a safe and affordable means of storing and generating hydrogen does not yet exist to justify their transition into the field. In order to assess the hydrogen storage capacity and hydrogen generation rates of ammonia (NH3) based systems, the US Army Communications-Electronics Research, Development, and Engineering Center (CERDEC), tested several ammonia hydride hydrogen generator systems built by Hydrogen Components Inc. (HCI). Experimental results and analysis illustrate that while there are developments necessary at the sub-system level, the hydrogen generators are ideal energy storage devices for low power (5 W) operations over wide temperature ranges. The results show that the hydrogen generators are capable of operating autonomously for over 50+ h of operation (at a 5 W load) and producing hydrogen delivery system energy densities of 480 Wh/kg. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, CERDEC, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. RP Sifer, N (reprint author), USA, CERDEC, 10125 Gratiot Rd,Suite 100, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. NR 5 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAY 20 PY 2004 VL 132 IS 1-2 BP 135 EP 138 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.09.076 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 820VL UT WOS:000221417500017 ER PT J AU Junghans, TB Sevin, IF Ionin, B Seifried, H AF Junghans, TB Sevin, IF Ionin, B Seifried, H TI Cancer information resources: digital and online sources SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Congress of Toxicology in Developing Countries CY OCT 10-13, 2003 CL GUILIN, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Chinese Soc Toxicol, Int Union Toxicol DE cancer; online; digital AB The Internet is becoming an increasingly important source of information on cancer. This article highlights major sites of credible information on cancer and describes the types of information each of these sites contains. Large directories that help point the visitor to additional cancer-related sites are described, as are searchable databases of information on cancer as a disease, its diagnosis and treatment. Sources of information on chemical carcinogens, mechanistic studies, and applied cancer toxicology are also described. These Internet sources of cancer information address the needs of toxicologists, environmental and occupational health scientists, cancer researchers and clinicians, government regulators, the public, and cancer survivors and their caregivers. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Tech Resources Int Inc, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NCI, Nutr Sci Res Grp, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RP Junghans, TB (reprint author), Tech Resources Int Inc, 6500 Rock Spring Dr,Suite 650, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM tjunghans@tech-res.com NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD MAY 20 PY 2004 VL 198 IS 1-3 BP 177 EP 193 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2004.02.021 PG 17 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 823OH UT WOS:000221622000020 PM 15138041 ER PT J AU Olson, SW Deal, LE Piesman, M AF Olson, SW Deal, LE Piesman, M TI Virulence factors predict Escherichia coli colonization patterns among human and animal household members SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA CRISIS; PHAEOCHROMOCYTOMA; SHOCK; ADRENOMEDULLIN; HYPOCALCEMIA; HYPOTENSION; TRANSIENT; FAILURE; WOMAN C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Olson, SW (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAY 18 PY 2004 VL 140 IS 10 BP 850 EP 851 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 822EX UT WOS:000221520900024 ER PT J AU Zhu, K Lee, IM Sesso, HD Buring, JE Levine, RS Gaziano, JM AF Zhu, K Lee, IM Sesso, HD Buring, JE Levine, RS Gaziano, JM TI History of diabetes mellitus and risk of prostate cancer in physicians SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE case-control studies; diabetes mellitus; prostatic neoplasms ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; BASE-LINE CHARACTERISTICS; UNITED-STATES; BETA-CAROTENE; IGF-I; INSULIN; HEALTH; RAT; TESTOSTERONE; COMMUNITY AB Some studies have suggested that diabetes mellitus may decrease the risk of prostate cancer because of lower insulin levels. To further investigate the relation between diabetes and prostate cancer, a nested case-control study was conducted within the US Physicians' Health Study. Cases (n = 1,110) had been diagnosed with prostate cancer, confirmed on medical record review, during follow-up in 1982-1995. Controls (n = 1,110) were selected randomly from men free of prostate cancer and were matched on age and date of randomization. Information on personal history of diabetes and other diseases, lifestyle habits, and body weight/height was self-reported. Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio for prostate cancer was 0.64 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43, 0.95) for men with diabetes, relative to those without the disease, after adjustment for potential confounders. Odds ratio estimates were 0.63 (95% CI: 0.35, 1.14), 0.77 (95% CI: 0.35, 1.72), 0.59 (95% CI: 0.21, 1.66), and 0.59 (95% CI: 0.27, 1.27) for diabetes diagnosed 1-5, 6-10, 11-15, and greater than or equal to16 years prior to prostate cancer diagnosis (p for trend < 0.05). Adjusted odds ratios were 1.44 (95% CI: 0.34, 6.17) for stage A prostate cancer and 0.48 (95% CI: 0.28, 0.83) for stages B-D. Results suggest that history of diabetes may be associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer, especially late-stage tumors. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, US Mil Canc Inst, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Prevent Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Meharry Med Coll, Dept Internal Med, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. RP Zhu, K (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, US Mil Canc Inst, Bldg 1,Suite A-109,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kangmin.zhu@na.amedd.army.mil FU NCI NIH HHS [CA34944, CA40360, R01 CA097193]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL26490, HL34595] NR 45 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD MAY 15 PY 2004 VL 159 IS 10 BP 978 EP 982 DI 10.1093/aje/kwh139 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 819DU UT WOS:000221294600010 PM 15128610 ER PT J AU Hauret, KG Bostick, RM Matthews, CE Hussey, JR Fina, MF Geisinger, KR Roufail, WM AF Hauret, KG Bostick, RM Matthews, CE Hussey, JR Fina, MF Geisinger, KR Roufail, WM TI Physical activity and reduced risk of incident sporadic colorectal adenomas: Observational support for mechanisms involving energy balance and inflammation modulation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adenoma; anti-inflammatory agents; non-steroidal; body constitution; body height; body mass index; colorectal neoplasms; exertion ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; INDUCED COLON CARCINOGENESIS; ADIPOSE-TISSUE ACCUMULATION; BODY-MASS INDEX; CANCER RISK; LIFE-STYLE; CALORIC RESTRICTION; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; DIETARY-FAT; INSULIN AB To investigate the role of physical activity, energy balance, and inflammation on the risk of incident sporadic colorectal adenoma, the authors conducted a community- and colonoscopy-based case-control study (n = 177 cases, n = 228 controls) in Winston-Salem and Charlotte, North Carolina, from 1995 to 1997. Participants reported energy intake by a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire, daily physical activity levels by a standardized questionnaire, and anthropometrics by self-assessment. The odds ratios for adenomas comparing the highest and lowest quantiles of exposure were 0.63 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.34, 1.17) for physical activity, 0.80 (95% CI: 0.37, 1.73) for total energy intake, 0.70 (95% CI: 0.37, 1.34) for body mass index, 1.46 (95% CI: 0.73, 2.92) for waist/hip ratio, and 2.40 (95% CI: 1.24, 4.63) for height. For the combined effects of these factors, risk was particularly low for those with higher physical activity and low waist/hip ratio (odds ratio = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.18, 0.75) or shorter stature (odds ratio = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.16, 0.62). The inverse effect of physical activity was apparent only among those not taking nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (odds ratio = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.25, 0.94). These findings add further evidence that physical activity and overall patterns indicating positive energy balance increase the risk of adenoma. Furthermore, the results suggest indirectly that biologic mechanisms related to inflammation may play a role in the beneficial effect of physical activity on the risk of incident adenoma. C1 Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hematol & Oncol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Baptist Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Baptist Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Sect, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. RP Bostick, RM (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM rmbosti@sph.emory.edu RI matthews, Charles/E-8073-2015 OI matthews, Charles/0000-0001-8037-3103 FU NCI NIH HHS [R01CA-51932] NR 71 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD MAY 15 PY 2004 VL 159 IS 10 BP 983 EP 992 DI 10.1093/aje/kwh130 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 819DU UT WOS:000221294600011 PM 15128611 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M Cao, G Roy, WN AF Grujicic, M Cao, G Roy, WN TI A computational analysis of the carbon-nanotube-based resonant-circuit sensors SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE chemical gas sensors; carbon nanotubes ID AMMONIA; FIELD AB Available values for the molecular polarizability and the dipole moment and the computed adsorption energies to single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) for a couple of polar (NH3 and CO) and several non-polar (He, Ar, N-2 and O-2) gases are used to help establish a correlation between the adsorbed gas-induced changes in the dielectric constant of the SWCNTs (the sensing material) and the resulting reduction in the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit-based chemical gas sensors. It is found that simple weighting methods which neglect the effect of changes in the electronic structure of the carbon nanotubes during adsorption are generally incapable of predicting correctly the changes in the effective dielectric constant of the carbon nanotubes. Conversely, the use of adsorption-induced changes in the band gap of the carbon nanotubes and a relationship between the band gap and the dielectric constant is found to be a promising approach for assessing the adsorption-induced changes in the effective dielectric constant of the carbon nanotubes and for establishment of their effect on the resonant frequency of resonator-based chemical gas sensors. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Program Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USA, Res Lab, Proc & Properties Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Program Mat Sci & Engn, 241 Engn Innovat Bldg, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM mica.grujicic@ces.clemson.edu RI Cao, guoxin/A-9790-2012 OI Cao, guoxin/0000-0002-6598-2899 NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD MAY 15 PY 2004 VL 229 IS 1-4 BP 316 EP 323 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.02.017 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 824IN UT WOS:000221680100041 ER PT J AU Wang, QF Liu, X O'Connell, J Peng, Z Krauss, RM Rainwater, DL VandeBerg, JL Rubin, EM Cheng, JF Pennacchio, LA AF Wang, QF Liu, X O'Connell, J Peng, Z Krauss, RM Rainwater, DL VandeBerg, JL Rubin, EM Cheng, JF Pennacchio, LA TI Haplotypes in the APOA1-C3-A4-A5 gene cluster affect plasma lipids in both humans and baboons SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS LA English DT Article ID C-III GENE; SEQUENCE VARIATION; PROXIMAL PROMOTER; TRAIT LOCI; AV GENE; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; TRIGLYCERIDES; REGION; ASSOCIATION; MICE AB Genetic studies in non-human primates serve as a potential strategy for identifying genomic intervals where polymorphisms impact upon human disease-related phenotypes. It remains unclear, however, whether independently arising polymorphisms in orthologous regions of non-human primates leads to similar variation in a quantitative trait found in both species. To explore this paradigm, we studied a baboon apolipoprotein gene cluster (APOA1/C3/A4/A5) for which the human gene orthologs have well-established roles in influencing plasma HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. Our extensive polymorphism analysis of this 68 kb gene cluster in 96 pedigreed baboons identified several haplotype blocks each with limited diversity, consistent with haplotype findings in humans. To determine whether baboons, like humans, also have particular haplotypes associated with lipid phenotypes, we genotyped 634 well-characterized baboons using 16 haplotype tagging SNPs. Genetic analysis of single SNPs, as well as haplotypes, revealed an association of APOA5 and APOC3 variants with HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, respectively. Thus, independent variation in orthologous genomic intervals does associate with similar quantitative lipid traits in both species, supporting the possibility of uncovering human quantitative trait loci genes in a highly controlled non-human primate model. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Genome Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Nutr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Childrens Hosp Oakland, Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. SW Fdn Biomed Res, Dept Genet, San Antonio, TX USA. SW Fdn Biomed Res, SW Natl Primate Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. USA, Dept Energy, Energy Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. RP Pennacchio, LA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Genome Sci, MS 84-171,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM lapennacchio@lbl.gov FU NCRR NIH HHS [P51-RR13086]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL071954A, HL66681, P01-HL28972] NR 50 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0964-6906 J9 HUM MOL GENET JI Hum. Mol. Genet. PD MAY 15 PY 2004 VL 13 IS 10 BP 1049 EP 1056 DI 10.1093/hmg/ddh121 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 816XN UT WOS:000221142700006 PM 15044382 ER PT J AU Dierolf, V Sandmann, C Zavada, J Chow, P Hertog, B AF Dierolf, V Sandmann, C Zavada, J Chow, P Hertog, B TI Site-selective spectroscopy of Er in GaN SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID IMPLANTED GAN; EXCITATION; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SEMICONDUCTORS; ERBIUM AB We investigated different Er3+ defect sites found in Er-doped GaN layers by site-selective combined excitation-emission spectroscopy and studied the role of these sites in different direct and multistep excitation schemes. The layers were grown by molecular beam epitaxy and were 200 nm thick. Two majority sites were found along with several minority sites. The sites strongly differ in excitation and energy transfer efficiencies as well as branching ratios during relaxation. For this reason, relative emission intensities from these sites depend strongly on emission and excitation. The sites were identified for several transitions and a comprehensive list of energy levels has been compiled. One of the minority sites appears strongly under ultraviolet excitation above the GaN band gap suggesting that this site is an excellent trap for excitation energy of electron-hole pairs. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Lehigh Univ, Lehigh Ctr Opt Technol, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. SVT Associates Inc, Eden Prairie, MN 55344 USA. RP Dierolf, V (reprint author), 16 Mem Dr E, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM vod2@lehigh.edu NR 12 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 10 BP 5464 EP 5470 DI 10.1063/1.1695595 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 818UF UT WOS:000221269300030 ER PT J AU Metz, E AF Metz, E TI Their last battle: The fight for a National World War II Memorial. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Metz, E (reprint author), Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 15 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 9 BP 98 EP 98 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 837VM UT WOS:000222669100117 ER PT J AU Ignaccolo, M Allegrini, P Grigolini, P Hamilton, P West, BJ AF Ignaccolo, M Allegrini, P Grigolini, P Hamilton, P West, BJ TI Scaling in non-stationary time series. (I) SO PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE scaling; multiscaling; diffusion entropy; non-stationary time series; detrending methods ID TEEN BIRTH PHENOMENON; STRIDE-INTERVAL; HUMAN GAIT; DYNAMICS; DIFFUSION; HEARTBEAT; MEMORY AB Most data processing techniques, applied to biomedical and sociological time series, are only valid for random fluctuations that are stationary in time. Unfortunately, these data are often non-stationary and the use of techniques of analysis resting on the stationary assumption can produce a wrong information on the scaling, and so on the complexity of the process under study. Herein, we test and compare two techniques for removing the non-stationary influences from computer generated time series, consisting of the superposition of a slow signal and a random fluctuation. The former is based on the method of wavelet decomposition, and the latter is a proposal of this paper, denoted by us as step detrending technique. We focus our attention on two cases, when the slow signal is a periodic function mimicking the influence of seasons, and when it is an aperiodic signal mimicking the influence of a population change (increase or decrease). For the purpose of computational simplicity the random fluctuation is taken to be uncorrelated. However, the detrending techniques here illustrated work also in the case when the random component is correlated. This expectation is fully confirmed by the sociological applications made in the companion paper. We also illustrate a new procedure to assess the existence of a genuine scaling, based on the adoption of diffusion entropy, multiscaling analysis and the direct assessment of scaling. Using artificial sequences, we show that the joint use of all these techniques yield the detection of the real scaling, and that this is independent of the technique used to detrend the original signal. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ N Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. CNR, Area Ric Pisa, Ist Linguist Computaz, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. INFM, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. CNR, Area Ric Pisa S, Ist Proc Chim Fis, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. Texas Womans Univ, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Denton, TX 76204 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Grigolini, P (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, POB 311427, Denton, TX 76203 USA. EM grigo@unt.edu RI Allegrini, Paolo/C-1876-2012 OI Allegrini, Paolo/0000-0002-5476-9005 NR 28 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD MAY 15 PY 2004 VL 336 IS 3-4 BP 595 EP 622 DI 10.1016/j.physa.2003.12.034 PG 28 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 810KF UT WOS:000220702500026 ER PT J AU Ignaccolo, M Allegrini, P Grigolini, P Hamilton, P West, BJ AF Ignaccolo, M Allegrini, P Grigolini, P Hamilton, P West, BJ TI Scaling in non-stationary time series. (II). Teen birth phenomenon SO PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE sociological time series; complexity; scaling; detrending methods AB This paper is devoted to the problem of statistical mechanics raised by the analysis of an issue of sociological interest: the teen birth phenomenon. It is expected that these data are characterized by correlated fluctuations, reflecting the cooperative properties of the process. However, the assessment of the anomalous scaling generated by these correlations is made difficult, and ambiguous as well, by the non-stationary nature of the data that shows a clear dependence on seasonal periodicity (periodic component) and an average changing slowly in time (slow component) as well. We use the detrending techniques described in the companion paper [The earlier companion paper], to safely remove all the biases and to derive the genuine scaling of the teen birth phenomenon. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ N Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. CNR, Area Ric Pisa, Ist Linguist Computaz, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. INFM, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. CNR, Area Ric Pisa, Ist Proc Chim Fis, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. Texas Womans Univ, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Denton, TX 76204 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Grigolini, P (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, POB 311427, Denton, TX 76203 USA. EM grigo@unt.edu RI Allegrini, Paolo/C-1876-2012 OI Allegrini, Paolo/0000-0002-5476-9005 NR 6 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD MAY 15 PY 2004 VL 336 IS 3-4 BP 623 EP 637 DI 10.1016/j.physa.2003.12.033 PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 810KF UT WOS:000220702500027 ER PT J AU Gordon, R Haigh, J Feaster, S Doctor, B Garcia, G Lenz, D Clark, C Riel, M Brueckner, R Aisen, P AF Gordon, R Haigh, J Feaster, S Doctor, B Garcia, G Lenz, D Clark, C Riel, M Brueckner, R Aisen, P TI Pyridostigmine bromide (PB) and huperzine A inhibition in humans determined with the WRAIR whole blood cholinesterase assay SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology/8th Congress of the International-Union-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology CY JUN 12-16, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, Int Union Biochem & Mol Biol C1 WRAIR, Div Biochem, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. WRAIR, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20057 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 SU S BP C235 EP C235 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 823UP UT WOS:000221639101088 ER PT J AU Malhotra, A Chakraborty, S Ray, P Haldar, D AF Malhotra, A Chakraborty, S Ray, P Haldar, D TI Mechlorethamine hydrochloride inhibits Mitochondrial Enzymes but activates Caspase-3 in Cos-1 cells SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology/8th Congress of the International-Union-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology CY JUN 12-16, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc BioChem & Mol Biol, Int Union Biochem & Mol Biol C1 St Johns Univ, Jamaica, NY 11439 USA. CUNY, NYCCT, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 SU S BP C12 EP C12 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 823UP UT WOS:000221639100054 ER PT J AU Saboori, AM Gordon, RK AF Saboori, AM Gordon, RK TI Preparation of molecular imprinted polymers against dichlorvos, an organophosphate pesticide SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology/8th Congress of the International-Union-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology CY JUN 12-16, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc BioChem & Mol Biol, Int Union Biochem & Mol Biol C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 SU S BP C169 EP C169 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 823UP UT WOS:000221639100781 ER PT J AU Yeung, D Josse, D Kirby, S Duryea, C Lenz, D Cerasoli, D AF Yeung, D Josse, D Kirby, S Duryea, C Lenz, D Cerasoli, D TI Structure/function analyses of human paraoxonase-1 mutants SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology/8th Congress of the International-Union-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology CY JUN 12-16, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc BioChem & Mol Biol, Int Union Biochem & Mol Biol C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Serv Sante Armees, Ctr Rech, Toulon, France. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 SU S BP C144 EP C144 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 823UP UT WOS:000221639100666 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of trifluoroboroxine SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; trifluoroboroxine ID CHLORINE DERIVATIVES; FLUORINE; BOROXINE; SPECTRA; STABILITIES; MOLECULES; DENSITY; BORON AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of trifluoroboroxine in D-3h symmetry are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of assigned to one of five types of motion (B-F stretch, B-O stretch, B-F bend, O-B-O bend, and B(OOF) umbrella motion) predicted by a group theoretical analysis. By comparing the vibrational frequencies with IR and Raman spectra available in the literature, a set of scaling factors is derived. Molecular orbitals and bonding are examined. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 676 IS 1-3 BP 193 EP 202 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.01.028 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 819YB UT WOS:000221351100030 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of chloro-methanetricarbonitrile SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; orbitals; chloro-methanetricarbonitrile; chlorotricyanomethane; tricyanomethyl chloride ID TERT-BUTYLNITRONE PBN; TRICYANOMETHANE DERIVATIVES; CYANOCARBON CHEMISTRY; CHLOROTRICYANOMETHANE; TETRACYANOMETHANE; REARRANGEMENTS; CYCLIZATIONS; DENSITY; ANIONS AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of chloro-methanetricarbonitrile (CCl(CN)(3)) are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. Each of the vibrational modes is assigned to one of six types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (C drop N stretch, C-C stretch, C-Cl stretch, C-C drop N bend, C-Cl bend, and C-C-C bend) utilizing the C-3v symmetry of the molecule. Uniform scaling factors are derived for each type of motion. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. Molecular orbitals and bonding are examined. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 676 IS 1-3 BP 203 EP 207 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.01.029 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 819YB UT WOS:000221351100031 ER PT J AU Davis, VT Thompson, JS AF Davis, VT Thompson, JS TI An experimental investigation of the atomic europhim anion SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE-IONS; ELECTRON-AFFINITIES; LANTHANIDES; ENERGIES; BINDING; STATE; YB AB The electron affinity (EA) of europium has been measured using laser photodetachment electron spectroscopy. The EA of Eu(S-8(7/2)) was determined to be 1.053 +/- 0.025 eV. The data also show that Eu- has at least one bound excited state with binding energy of 0.864 +/- 0.024 eV relative to the ground state of the europium atom. The experimental results are consistent with recent EA measurements of lanthanide atoms whose anions are predicted to have [Xe](4f(n) 6p) (where n is odd) configurations. C1 US Mil Acad, Photon Res Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Nevada, Chem Phys Programme, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Davis, VT (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Photon Res Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. OI Thompson, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9699-5767 NR 21 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 9 BP 1961 EP 1965 AR PII S0953-4075(04)75985-4 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/37/9/015 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 826MR UT WOS:000221833700017 ER PT J AU Blakely, JN Illing, L Gauthier, DJ AF Blakely, JN Illing, L Gauthier, DJ TI Controlling fast chaos in delay dynamical systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID UNSTABLE PERIODIC-ORBITS; DIODE RESONATOR; FEEDBACK; COMMUNICATION; LASER; AUTOSYNCHRONIZATION; SYNCHRONIZATION; MODULATION; GENERATOR AB We introduce a novel approach for controlling fast chaos in time-delay dynamical systems and use it to control a chaotic photonic device with a characteristic time scale of similar to12 ns. Our approach is a prescription for how to implement existing chaos-control algorithms in a way that exploits the system's inherent time delay and allows control even in the presence of substantial control-loop latency ( the finite time it takes signals to propagate through the components in the controller). This research paves the way for applications exploiting fast control of chaos, such as chaos-based communication schemes and stabilizing the behavior of ultrafast lasers. C1 Duke Univ, Ctr Nonlinear & Complex Syst, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Blakely, JN (reprint author), USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, AMSRD AMR WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM illing@phy.duke.edu RI Gauthier, Daniel/G-1336-2011; OI Gauthier, Daniel/0000-0002-4473-217X; Blakely, Jonathan/0000-0002-9772-582X NR 30 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 19 AR 193901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.193901 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 822LG UT WOS:000221540900013 PM 15169402 ER PT J AU Newmark, J Hurst, CG AF Newmark, J Hurst, CG TI Acute chemical emergencies SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Newmark, J (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jonathan.newmark@amedd.army.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAY 13 PY 2004 VL 350 IS 20 BP 2102 EP 2103 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 819ZB UT WOS:000221354000028 PM 15141056 ER PT J AU Aronson, N Ananthakrishnan, M Bernstein, W Hochberg, L Marovich, M Ockenhouse, C Yoon, I Weina, P Benson, P Fischer, J Hack, D Hawkes, C Polhemus, M Wortmann, G McEvoy, P Neafie, R Defraites, R Herwaldt, BL AF Aronson, N Ananthakrishnan, M Bernstein, W Hochberg, L Marovich, M Ockenhouse, C Yoon, I Weina, P Benson, P Fischer, J Hack, D Hawkes, C Polhemus, M Wortmann, G McEvoy, P Neafie, R Defraites, R Herwaldt, BL TI Update: Cutaneous leishmaniasis in U.S. military personnel - Southwest/Central Asia, 2002-2004 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 53, pg 264-265, 2004) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Off Surg Gen Army, Alexandria, VA USA. CDC, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Aronson, N (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RI Weina, Peter/A-2120-2011 NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 12 PY 2004 VL 291 IS 18 BP 2188 EP 2188 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 819GR UT WOS:000221303500009 ER PT J AU Warden, DL AF Warden, DL TI Seeing stars - A clearer view SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEAD-INJURY; CONCUSSION; RECOVERY C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Warden, DL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Deborah.Warden@na.amedd.army.mil NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD MAY 11 PY 2004 VL 62 IS 9 BP 1462 EP 1463 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 819XU UT WOS:000221350400001 PM 15136664 ER PT J AU Newmark, J AF Newmark, J TI The birth of nerve agent warfare - Lessons from Syed Abbas Foroutan SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article AB The author reviewed Farsi-language articles published recently by Dr. Syed Abbas Foroutan, which constitute the only firsthand clinical descriptions of battlefield nerve agent casualties in the world literature, and the author compares his comments with US and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) chemical casualty care doctrine. Foroutan's lessons learned reassure us that a robust medical evacuation system, coupled with timely and appropriate medical care of nerve agent poisoning, will save many more lives on future battlefields. C1 USA, Chem Casualty Care Div, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR UV ZM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Newmark, J (reprint author), USA, Chem Casualty Care Div, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR UV ZM, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jonathan.newmark@amedd.army.mil NR 28 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD MAY 11 PY 2004 VL 62 IS 9 BP 1590 EP 1596 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 819XU UT WOS:000221350400024 PM 15136687 ER PT J AU Aronson, NE Santosham, M Comstock, GW Howard, RS Moulton, LH Rhoades, ER Harrison, LH AF Aronson, NE Santosham, M Comstock, GW Howard, RS Moulton, LH Rhoades, ER Harrison, LH TI Long-term efficacy of BCG vaccine in American Indians and Alaska natives - A 60-year follow-up study SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID CALMETTE-GUERIN VACCINATION; PUBLISHED LITERATURE; 20-YEAR EVALUATION; MUSCOGEE COUNTY; TUBERCULOSIS; PREVENTION; METAANALYSIS; STRAINS; DECLINE; GEORGIA AB Context The duration of protection from tuberculosis of BCG vaccines is not known. Objective To determine the long-term duration of protection of a BCG vaccine that was previously found to be efficacious. Design Retrospective record review using Indian Health Service records, tuberculosis registries, death certificates, and supplemental interviews with trial participants. Setting and Participants Follow-up for the period 1948-1998 among American Indians and Alaska Natives who participated in a placebo-controlled BCG vaccine trial during 1935-1938 and who were still at risk of developing tuberculosis. Data from 1483 participants in the BCG vaccine group and 1309 in the placebo group were analyzed. Main Outcome Measures Efficacy of BCG vaccine, calculated for each 10-year interval using a Cox regression model with time-dependent variables based on tuberculosis events occurring after December 31, 1947 (end of prospective case finding). Results The overall incidence of tuberculosis was 66 and 138 cases per 100000 person-years in the BCG vaccine and placebo groups, respectively, for an estimate of vaccine efficacy of 52 % (95% confidence interval, 27%-69%). Adjustments for age at vaccination, tribe, subsequent BCG vaccination, chronic medical illness, isoniazid use, and bacille Calmette-Guerin strain did not substantially affect vaccine efficacy. There was slight but not statistically significant waning of the efficacy of BCG vaccination over time, greater among men than women. Conclusion In this trial, BCG vaccine efficacy persisted for 50 to 60 years, suggesting that a single dose of an effective BCG vaccine can have a long duration of protection. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Amer Indian & Alaska Native Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Oklahoma, Coll Publ Hlth, Native Amer Prevent Res Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Infect Dis Epidemiol Res Unit, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Aronson, NE (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Room A3058,4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM naronson@usuhs.mil OI Moulton, Lawrence/0000-0001-7041-7387 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL21670]; NIAID NIH HHS [K24 AI52788] NR 40 TC 132 Z9 139 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 5 PY 2004 VL 291 IS 17 BP 2086 EP 2091 DI 10.1001/jama.291.17.2086 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 817JR UT WOS:000221174300025 PM 15126436 ER PT J AU Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Pearton, SJ Zavada, JM AF Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Pearton, SJ Zavada, JM TI Electrical and optical properties of p-GaN films implanted with transition metal impurities SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID DOPED SEMIINSULATING GAN; LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES; SEMICONDUCTORS; ACCEPTOR; MN AB Electrical and optical properties and the spectra of deep hole traps in p-GaN films implanted with high doses (3 x 10(16) cm(-3)) of Co, Mn, Fe and Cr and annealed at 700degreesC are reported. The dominant deep traps generated by this implantation are of the same type as observed in similar films heavily implanted with protons. The magnitude of the changes in the conductance and transmission of the GaN Correlates with the atomic mass of the transition metal ions and the density of primary radiation defects. For fabrication of spintronic devices such as spin-LEDs using implantation of the TM species into the top p-GaN contact layer, the best results should be expected using Cr implantation since this produces both room temperature ferromagnetism and the smallest reduction in conductivity of the p-GaN. C1 Inst Rare Met, Moscow 119017, Russia. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Polyakov, AY (reprint author), Inst Rare Met, B Tolmachevsky 5, Moscow 119017, Russia. RI Smirnov, Nickolai/K-8935-2015 OI Smirnov, Nickolai/0000-0002-4993-0175 NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD MAY 5 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 17 BP 2967 EP 2972 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/16/17/023 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 821SN UT WOS:000221483000024 ER PT J AU Cassimatis, DC Atwood, JE Engler, RM Linz, PE Grabenstein, JD Vernalis, MN AF Cassimatis, DC Atwood, JE Engler, RM Linz, PE Grabenstein, JD Vernalis, MN TI Smallpox vaccination and myopericarditis: A clinical review SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ACUTE INFECTIOUS MYOCARDITIS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE THERAPY; DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; LYMPHOCYTIC MYOCARDITIS; SUSPECTED MYOCARDITIS; ENDOMYOCARDIAL BIOPSY; PROVEN MYOCARDITIS; VIRAL MYOCARDITIS; FATAL MYOCARDITIS; FOLLOW-UP AB Smallpox is a devastating viral illness that was eradicated after an aggressive, widespread vaccination campaign. Routine U.S. childhood vaccinations ended in 1972, and routine military vaccinations ended in 1990. Recently, the threat of bioterrorist use of smallpox has revived the need for vaccination. Over 450,000 U.S. military personnel received the vaccination between December 2002 and June 2003, with rates of non-cardiac complications at or below historical levels. The rate of cardiac complications, however, has been higher than expected, with two confirmed cases and over 50 probable cases of myopericarditis after vaccination reported to the Department of Defense Smallpox Vaccination Program. The practicing physician should use the history and physical, electrocardiogram, and cardiac biomarkers in the initial evaluation of a post-vaccination patient with chest pain. Echocardiogram, cardiac catheterization, magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear imaging, and cardiac biopsy may be of use in further workup. Treatment is with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, four to six weeks of limited exertion, and conventional heart failure treatment as necessary. Immune suppressant therapy with steroids may be uniquely beneficial in myopericarditis related to smallpox vaccination, compared with other types of myopericarditis. If a widespread vaccination program is undertaken in the future, many more cases of post-vaccinial myopericarditis could be seen. Practicing physicians should be aware that smallpox vaccine-associated myopericarditis is a real entity, and symptoms after vaccination should be appropriately evaluated, treated if necessary, and reported to the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System. (C) 2004 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Ctr Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USA, Med Command, Mil Vaccine Agcy, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Cassimatis, DC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM dimitri.cassimatis@na.amedd.army.mil NR 70 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAY 5 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 9 BP 1503 EP 1510 DI 10.1016/j.jacc.2003.11.053 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 817CI UT WOS:000221155200001 PM 15120802 ER PT J AU Trotta, RF Brown, ML Terrell, JC Geyer, JA AF Trotta, RF Brown, ML Terrell, JC Geyer, JA TI Defective DNA repair as a potential mechanism for the rapid development of drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LEVEL CHLOROQUINE RESISTANCE; TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN PFCRT; BASE EXCISION-REPAIR; CANCER CELL-LINES; HUMAN MALARIA; ALKYLATING-AGENTS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MISMATCH REPAIR; MUTATIONS; INHIBITION AB The development and spread of highly drug-resistant parasites pose a central problem in the control of malaria. Understanding mechanisms that regulate genomic stability, such as DNA repair, in drug-resistant parasites and during drug treatment may help determine whether this rapid onset of resistance is due to an increase in the rate at which resistance-causing mutations are generated. This is the first report to demonstrate DNA repair activities from the malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium falciparum that are specific for ultraviolet light-induced DNA damage. The efficiency of DNA repair differs dramatically among P.falciparum strains with varying drug sensitivities. Most notable is the markedly reduced level of repair in the highly drug-resistant W2 isolate, which has been shown to develop resistance to novel drugs at an increased rate when compared to drug-sensitive strains. Additionally, the antimalarial drug chloroquine and other quinoline-like compounds interfered with the DNA synthesis step of the repair process, most likely a result of direct binding to repair substrates. We propose that altered DNA repair, either through defective repair mechanisms or drug-mediated inhibition, may contribute to the accelerated development of drug resistance in the parasite. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Geyer, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM richard.trotta@us.army.mil; Matthew.Brown@na.amedd.army.mil; James.Terrell@cen.amedd.army.mil; Jeanne.Geyer@na.amedd.army.mil NR 39 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAY 4 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 17 BP 4885 EP 4891 DI 10.1021/bi0499258 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 816JL UT WOS:000221106100001 PM 15109245 ER PT J AU Sokolov, VN Kim, KW Kochelap, VA Woolard, DL AF Sokolov, VN Kim, KW Kochelap, VA Woolard, DL TI High-frequency small-signal conductivity of hot electrons in nitride semiconductors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CARRIER DYNAMICS; DOPED SILICON; GAN; TRANSPORT; DEVICES AB We investigate the small-signal conductivity of the electrons in group-III nitrides under a high steady-state electric field. The resulting calculation indicates a frequency dependence of the conductivity that is drastically different from that given by the Drude formula. A large and very fast response of the hot electrons in the nitrides is revealed. The complex conductivity is found to be finite up to the frequency of about 10 THz. For the fields above the threshold corresponding to the peak drift velocity, the calculation also predicts a frequency interval with a negative conductivity. A detailed analysis is provided on the field and frequency dependence of the dynamic conductivity at the high electric fields. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Inst Semicond Phys, Dept Theoret Phys, UA-03028 Kiev, Ukraine. USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM kwk@eos.ncsu.edu NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 3 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 18 BP 3630 EP 3632 DI 10.1063/1.1738518 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 815SR UT WOS:000221062500066 ER PT J AU Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR AF Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR TI Optimization of the forming conditions of the solid-state interface in the Li-ion batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE solid-state interface; graphite; irreversible capacity; capacity retention; self-delithiation ID ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE; GRAPHITE ANODES; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; LITHIUM; BEHAVIOR; INTERCALATION; CARBONATE; CELLS; SALT; COINTERCALATION AB We optimized the forming conditions of Li-ion batteries from the standpoint of the stability of the solid-state interface (SEI) on the surface of graphite. The optimization processes were focused on the initial two cycles of the Li/graphite half-cell in terms of the current density and the temperature. We evaluated the stability of the SEI from two aspects: (1) self-delithiation at 60 degreesC of the lithium intercalation compound, which reflects storage stability of the SEI and (2) cycling performance of the Li/graphite cell, which reflects cycling stability of the SEI. It was observed that the low current density and the low temperature favored increasing effectiveness of the SEI formation, and resulted in formation of a stable SEI. However, the SEI formed under such conditions had relatively high impedance. That is, there was a contradictory relationship between the ionic conductivity and the stability of the SEI. Based on the graphite and electrolyte used in this work, we found that the optimum conditions for the formation of the SEI were at the current densities of 10-20 mA/g and at the temperatures of 20-35 degreesC. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM szhang@arl.army.mil RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110 NR 25 TC 22 Z9 28 U1 6 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAY 3 PY 2004 VL 130 IS 1-2 BP 281 EP 285 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.12.012 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 814WW UT WOS:000221005800037 ER PT J AU Tovanabutra, S Beyrer, C Sakkhachornphop, S Razak, MH Ramos, GL Vongchak, T Rungruengthanakit, K Saokhieo, P Tejafong, K Kim, B De Souza, M Robb, ML Birx, DL Jittiwutikarn, J Suriyanon, V Celentano, DD McCutchan, FE AF Tovanabutra, S Beyrer, C Sakkhachornphop, S Razak, MH Ramos, GL Vongchak, T Rungruengthanakit, K Saokhieo, P Tejafong, K Kim, B De Souza, M Robb, ML Birx, DL Jittiwutikarn, J Suriyanon, V Celentano, DD McCutchan, FE TI The changing molecular epidemiology of HIV type I among northern Thai drug users, 1999 to 2002 SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; CIRCULATING RECOMBINANT FORM; CRF01-AE/B RECOMBINANT; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; ENVELOPE SUBTYPES; BC RECOMBINANT; BANGKOK; INFECTION; HYPERMUTATION; SEQUENCES AB CRF01_AE and subtype B have dominated the HIV-1 epidemic in Thailand since 1989. We reported a new circulating recombinant form of HIV-1, CRF15-01B, as well as other unique CRF01_AE/B recombinants among prevalent HIV infections in Thailand. We sought to study this challenging molecular picture through assessment of subtypes among recent HIV-1 seroconverters in northern Thai drug users. A total of 847 HIV-1 seronegative drug users (342 IDU and 505 non-IDU) were enrolled, from 1999 to 2002, in a prospective study; 39 HIV-1 incident cases were identified and characteristics were collected. The overall HIV-1 incidence rate was 2.54/100PY, but it was 10.0/100PY among male IDU. HIV was strongly associated with injection history; 38 of 39 seroconverters gave a history of IDU. A near full-length genome of HIV-1 was recovered by PCR amplification and sequenced from peripheral mononuclear cell extracted DNA of 38 seroconverters. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 33 (86.8%) were CRF01_AE and 5 (13.2%) were CRF01_AE/B recombinants. These recombinants had different structure but shared some common breakpoints, indicating an ongoing recombination process. Recombinant infection increased with year of sampling (0 to 57.1 %). The molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 among drug users in northern Thailand has thus entered a new era. CRF01_AE remains predominant while pure subtype B is becoming rare, and now a substantial component of the epidemic. These findings support the need for CRF01_AE and subtype B components in clade-matched vaccine strategies for Thai phase III trials. Ongoing molecular surveillance of circulating HIV-1 strains is imperative for the evaluation of HIV vaccine efficacy. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, US Mil, HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Chiang Mai Univ, Res Inst Hlth Sci, Chiang Mai, Thailand. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. No Drug Treatment Ctr, Chiang Mai, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Med, Chiang Mai, Thailand. RP Tovanabutra, S (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn, US Mil, HIV Res Program, 1 Taft Court,Suite 250, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM stovanabutra@hivresearch.org FU FIC NIH HHS [D43 TW00010-16]; NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD 34343-02] NR 43 TC 66 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 20 IS 5 BP 465 EP 475 DI 10.1089/088922204323087705 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 825MV UT WOS:000221763500002 PM 15186520 ER PT J AU Kijak, GH Sanders-Buell, E Wolfe, ND Mpoudi-Ngole, E Kim, B Brown, B Robb, ML Birx, DL Burke, DS Carr, JK McCutchan, FE AF Kijak, GH Sanders-Buell, E Wolfe, ND Mpoudi-Ngole, E Kim, B Brown, B Robb, ML Birx, DL Burke, DS Carr, JK McCutchan, FE TI Development and application of a high-throughput HIV type 1 genotyping assay to identify CRF02_AG in West/West Central Africa SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; CIRCULATING RECOMBINANT FORM; HETERODUPLEX MOBILITY ASSAY; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS; SUBTYPE-G; WEST-AFRICA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; DUAL INFECTIONS AB In West/West Central Africa, CRF02_AG is the most prevalent HIV-1 strain and circulates in the milieu of rare subtypes, circulating recombinant forms (CRFs), and unique recombinant forms (URFs). The molecular complexity of HIV-1 epidemics in this region and the need to extensively sample large populations, such as in the case of vaccine trials, pose seemingly conflicting requirements between full-genome sequencing and high-throughput low-resolution assays. Here we describe the development and evaluation of a multiregion hybridization assay (MHAcrf02) for the efficient genotyping of CRF02_AG in West/West Central Africa. Subtype A, G, and CRF02_AG-specific fluorescent probes were designed flanking five recombination breakpoints in CRF02_AG and were used in real-time PCRs. A panel representing West/West Central African HIV-1 genetic diversity was evaluated by MHAcrf02. The sample set, previously characterized by full-genome sequencing, included CRF02_AG and CRF02_AG-containing recombinants (n = 28), other subtypes, CRFs, and URFs (n = 34). DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, cocultures, and plasmids was used as template. When the patterns of probe reactivity were evaluated. CRF02_AG was identified with a 100% specificity and sensitivity. In conclusion, MHAcrf02 will permit more efficient characterization of HIV-1 in West/West Central Africa, where CRF02_AG is an important strain. Together with other regional genotyping assays MHAcrf02 will contribute to the development of a global picture of HIV-1 diversity and geographic distribution, providing a strong foundation for intervention, including vaccine development. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Johns Hopkins Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Hop Mil Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. RP Kijak, GH (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn, 1 Taft Court,Suite 250, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM gkijak@hivresearch.org OI /0000-0002-5704-8094 FU FIC NIH HHS [K01 TW00003-01] NR 44 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 20 IS 5 BP 521 EP 530 DI 10.1089/088922204323087778 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 825MV UT WOS:000221763500009 PM 15186527 ER PT J AU Berry, A Blair, JRS Heggernes, P Peyton, BW AF Berry, A Blair, JRS Heggernes, P Peyton, BW TI Maximum cardinality search for computing minimal triangulations of graphs SO ALGORITHMICA LA English DT Article DE chordal graphs; minimal triangulations; minimal elimination ordering; minimal fill AB We present a new algorithm, called MCS-M, for computing minimal triangulations of graphs. Lex-BFS, a seminal algorithm for recognizing chordal graphs, was the genesis for two other classical algorithms: LEX M and MCS. LEX M extends the fundamental concept used in Lex-BFS, resulting in an algorithm that not only recognizes chordality, but also computes a minimal triangulation of an arbitrary graph. MCS simplifies the fundamental concept used in Lex-BFS, resulting in a simpler algorithm for recognizing chordal graphs. The new algorithm MCS-M combines the extension of LEX M with the simplification of MCS, achieving all the results of LEX M in the same time complexity. C1 Univ Clermont Ferrand, CNRS, UMR 6158, LIMOS, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Bergen, Dept Informat, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. Dalton State Coll, Div Nat Sci & Math, Dalton, GA 30720 USA. RP Berry, A (reprint author), Univ Clermont Ferrand, CNRS, UMR 6158, LIMOS, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. EM berry@isima.fr; Jean.Blair@usma.edu; Pinar.Heggernes@ii.uib.no; bpeyton@em.daltonstate.edu OI Heggernes, Pinar/0000-0001-9460-4355 NR 20 TC 34 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0178-4617 J9 ALGORITHMICA JI Algorithmica PD MAY PY 2004 VL 39 IS 4 BP 287 EP 298 DI 10.1007/s00453-004-1084-3 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 820DN UT WOS:000221367200002 ER PT J AU Hepburn, MJ Dooley, DP Murray, CK Hospenthal, DR Hill, BL Nauschuetz, WN Davis, KA Crouch, HK McAllister, CK AF Hepburn, MJ Dooley, DP Murray, CK Hospenthal, DR Hill, BL Nauschuetz, WN Davis, KA Crouch, HK McAllister, CK TI Frequency of vaccinia virus isolation on semipermeable versus nonocclusive dressings covering smallpox vaccination sites in hospital personnel SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article AB Background: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends a semipermeable occlusive dressing for hospital workers who receive smallpox vaccination. Objective: The study was designed to determine the frequency of vaccinia virus isolation from the outer surface of semipermeable dressings and to compare the prevalence of vaccinia virus on the outer surface of semipermeable dressings with its prevalence on the outer surface of nonocclusive dressings. Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted on hospital employees who received smallpox vaccination at a military academic medical center. Subjects were instructed to wear a semipermeable dressing if they had direct patient contact. Employees without direct patient care had the option of wearing a semipermeable dressing or a nonocclusive dressing. Prior to a programmed dressing change, the outer surface of the bandage site was swabbed and cultured for virus. Samples were considered positive when cytopathic effects were observed, with results confirmed as vaccinia by polymerase chain reaction. Results: A total of 212 cultures were obtained from 93 subjects. All cultures directly obtained from active lesions were positive (13/13). Positive cultures were obtained from 7% (10/135) of the semipermeable dressings and 23% (15/64) of the nonocclusive dressings (P < .05). Ten percent (8/79) of the semipermeable dressings with purulent exudate observed underneath the bandage were culture positive, compared with 4% (2/56) of semipermeable dressings with no purulent exudate observed underneath the bandage (P = .19). Conclusions: Compared with nonocclusive dressings, the semipermeable dressing reduced, but did not eliminate, the frequency with which vaccinia virus was cultured from the surface of the dressing. Virus was present, but only rarely, on the dressing surface in the absence of purulent exudate under the semipermeable dressings. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Nursing, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hepburn, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, MCMR, UIM,O, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD MAY PY 2004 VL 32 IS 3 BP 126 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2203.08.006 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 819TV UT WOS:000221339500002 PM 15153922 ER PT J AU Kane, AG Reilly, KC Murphy, TF AF Kane, AG Reilly, KC Murphy, TF TI Swimmer's CT: Improved imaging of the lower neck and thoracic inlet SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41at Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Neuroradiology CY APR 16-MAY 02, 2003 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Neuroradiol ID CERVICOTHORACIC JUNCTION; TRAUMA AB CT findings of the base of the neck are often degraded by beam-hardening artifact from the shoulder girdle. This artifact can be reduced by placing the patient in a "swimmer's" position, a supine position in which the patient has one arm fully abducted and the other arm lowered. We selectively employed swimmer's CT in patients between January 1999 and December 2002 when standard (arms-down) CT failed to depict suspected disease. In nine of 10 patients, swimmer's CT improved CT quality or accuracy or both over that obtained when the standard CT position was used. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Neuroradiol Sect, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Kane, AG (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Neuroradiol Sect, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 9 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC NEURORADIOLOGY PI OAK BROOK PA 2210 MIDWEST RD, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 USA SN 0195-6108 J9 AM J NEURORADIOL JI Am. J. Neuroradiol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 25 IS 5 BP 859 EP 862 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 821ZZ UT WOS:000221503500035 PM 15140736 ER PT J AU Wols, HD Baker, JE AF Wols, HD Baker, JE TI Dental health of elderly confederate veterans: Evidence from the Texas State Cemetery SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Article DE paleopathology; Civil War; hypoplasia; caries; antemortem tooth loss; dental abscess ID TOOTH LOSS; CARIES; POPULATION AB Analysis of the skeletal remains of 50 Confederate veterans provided a unique opportunity to explore the dental health of a geriatric sample. These men, who died between 1907-1932, had an average age at death of 76.7 years. Ninety percent were institutionalized at the Confederate Home for Men (Austin, TX) prior to their deaths. This elderly sample was assessed in terms of caries, antemortem tooth loss (AMTL), abscesses, and linear enamel hypoplasias. On a per tooth basis, the AMTL rate was 57.2%. Of 39 dentate men, 33 (84.6%) had dental caries, and 24.4% (121 of 496) of teeth were carious. Ten (25.0%) of the dentate men had hypoplastic teeth. At least one abscess was seen in 14 (28%) of 50 individuals. Results from this geriatric institutionalized sample are compared to contemporaneous historical samples. Disparities in dental health among these groups may be due to differences in average age at death, and these comparisons allow a better understanding of dental changes that occur with age. The sample is also compared to modern elderly samples: modern groups have higher caries rates, possibly because they retained more teeth. This finding may be due in part to diets in the United States becoming increasingly cariogenic over time. In addition, dental care has moved from the reactive practices seen in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries (such as tooth extractions) to modern proactive solutions dedicated to preserving and restoring teeth (such as tooth brushing, fluoride treatments, and dental fillings). (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 USA, Cent Identif Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. RP Wols, HD (reprint author), USA, Cent Identif Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. EM wolsh@cilhi.army.mil NR 61 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0002-9483 J9 AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL JI Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 124 IS 1 BP 59 EP 72 DI 10.1002/ajpa.10334 PG 14 WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology GA 816LS UT WOS:000221112000006 PM 15085548 ER PT J AU Cooke, WH Carter, JR Kuusela, TA AF Cooke, WH Carter, JR Kuusela, TA TI Human cerebrovascular and autonomic rhythms during vestibular activation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE power spectral analysis; cross-spectral analysis; transcranial Doppler; sympathetic microneurography; vestibulosympathetic reflex ID HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; ARTERIAL-PRESSURE VARIABILITIES; DYNAMIC CEREBRAL AUTOREGULATION; POWER SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; VESTIBULOSYMPATHETIC REFLEX; SYMPATHETIC ACTIVITY; ORTHOSTATIC STRESS; CIRCULATION; RESPONSES; SYSTEM AB Otolith activation increases muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), and MSNA activation may alter associations among autonomic oscillators, including those modulating cerebral hemodynamics. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of vestibulosympathetic activation on cerebral and autonomic rhythms. We recorded the ECG, finger arterial pressure, end-tidal CO2, respiration, cerebral blood flow velocity, and MSNA in eight subjects. Subjects breathed at 0.25 Hz for 5 min in the prone and head-down positions. We analyzed data in time and frequency domains and performed cross-spectral analyses to determine coherence and transfer function magnitude. Head-down rotation increased MSNA from 7 +/- 1.3 to 12 +/- 1.5 bursts/ min (P = 0.001) but did not affect R-R intervals, arterial pressures, mean cerebral blood flow velocities (V-mean), or their power spectra. Vestibular activation with head-down rotation had no effect on mean arterial pressure and V-mean transfer function magnitude. The two new findings from this study are 1) head-down rotation independently activates the sympathetic nervous system with no effect on parasympathetic activity or V-mean; and 2) frequency-dependent associations between arterial pressures and V-mean are independent of vestibular activation. These findings support the concept that vestibular-autonomic interactions independently and redundantly serve to maintain steady-state hemodynamics. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. Univ Turku, Dept Phys, Turku 20014, Finland. RP Cooke, WH (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bld 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM william.cooke@amedd.army.mil FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 67787-01] NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 286 IS 5 BP R838 EP R843 DI 10.1152/ajpregu.00562.2003 PG 6 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 810GO UT WOS:000220693000008 PM 14715492 ER PT J AU Leon, LR Walker, LD DuBose, DA Stephenson, LA AF Leon, LR Walker, LD DuBose, DA Stephenson, LA TI Biotelemetry transmitter implantation in rodents: impact on growth and circadian rhythms SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE body temperature; body weight; food intake; water intake; surgery ID RESPONSES; ISOFLURANE; STRESS; FEVER; ALPHA; IL-6; TEMPERATURE; THRESHOLD; PRESSURE; RABBITS AB The implantation of a biotelemetry transmitter for core body temperature (T-c) and motor activity (MA) measurements is hypothesized to have effects on growth and circadian rhythmicity depending on animal body-to-transmitter (B:T) size ratio. This study examined the impact of transmitter implantation (TM) on body weight, food intake (FI), water intake (WI), and circadian T-c and MA rhythms in mice (23.8 +/- 0.04 g) and rats (311.5 +/- 5.1 g) receiving no treatment (NT), anesthesia, laparotomy (LAP), and TM. The B: T size ratio was 6: 1 and 84: 1 for mice and rats, respectively. In mice, body weight required 14 days to recover to presurgical levels and never attained the level of the other groups. FI recovered in 3 days, whereas WI never reached presurgical levels. Rat body weight did not decrease below presurgical levels. FI and WI recovered to presurgical levels in rats by day 2 postsurgery. Anesthesia decreased mouse body weight for 1 wk, but was without effect in rats. LAP significantly decreased body weight for 5 days in mice and 1 day in rats, showing a significant effect of the surgical procedure in the absence of TM in both species. Circadian T-c and MA rhythms were evident within the first week in both species, indicating dissociation between circadian rhythmicity and recovery of growth variables. Cosinor analysis showed a TM effect on T-c min, T-c max, mesor, amplitude, and period of mice, whereas only the amplitude of the rhythm was affected in rats. These data indicate that a large B:T size ratio is associated with minimization of the adverse effects of surgical implantation. We recommend that B:T size ratio, recovery of presurgical body weight, and display of a robust circadian T-c and MA rhythm be established before collection of biotelemetry data collection under an experimental paradigm. C1 USA, Res Inst Envirionm Med, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Leon, LR (reprint author), USA, Res Inst Envirionm Med, Thermal & Mt Med Div, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM leon@na.amedd.army.mil NR 22 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 286 IS 5 BP R967 EP R974 DI 10.1152/ajpregu.00380.2003 PG 8 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 810GO UT WOS:000220693000025 PM 14726427 ER PT J AU Jordan, NN Hoge, CW Tobler, SK Wells, J Dydek, GJ Egerton, WE AF Jordan, NN Hoge, CW Tobler, SK Wells, J Dydek, GJ Egerton, WE TI Mental health impact of 9/11 Pentagon attack validation of a rapid assessment SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; NATIONAL-COMORBIDITY-SURVEY; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; TERRORIST ATTACKS; UNITED-STATES; PRIMARY-CARE; SEPTEMBER 11; CITY; INTERVIEW; HISTORY AB Background: Following the tragic events of 9/11/2001, the Pentagon Post Disaster Health Assessment (PPDHA) survey was created to identify healthcare needs and concerns among Pentagon personnel and to assure that appropriate care and information was provided. The PPDHA was fielded from October 15, 2001, to January 15, 2002. Fundamental in this assessment was the evaluation of the mental health impact as a result of the attack. Methods: Although a number of standardized instruments exist for mental health domains, most are lengthy and could not be used as a rapid health assessment. Instead, a short screening instrument consisting of 17 questions was developed that covered important mental health symptom domains, mental health functioning, and possible predictive risk factors. High-risk groups for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, panic attacks, generalized anxiety, and alcohol abuse were assessed, and validation of risk groups was assessed across functional levels. Results: Overall, 1837 (40%) respondents met the screening criteria for any of the symptom domains of interest 1 to 4 months after the attack: PTSD (7.9%), depression (17.7%), panic attacks (23.1%), generalized anxiety (26.9%), or alcohol abuse (2.5%). Mental health risk groups were highly correlated with self-reported reduced daily functioning and use of counseling services. Additionally, risk factors known to be associated with mental health problems after traumatic events were strongly predictive of the high-risk categories identified. Conclusions: Mental health concerns were common among Pentagon employees in the 4 months after the 9/11 attack. Data from this study suggested that the short mental health screening instrument had validity and can serve as a prototype for rapid public health assessment of the mental health impact of future traumatic events. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neuropsychiat, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Jordan, NN (reprint author), MCHB TS EPH, 5158 Blackhawk Rd,Bldg E-1570, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM Nikki.Jordan@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 33 TC 20 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 26 IS 4 BP 284 EP 293 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.01.005 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 814UV UT WOS:000221000500005 PM 15110054 ER PT J AU Gilbert, BC Bui-Mansfield, LT Dejong, S AF Gilbert, BC Bui-Mansfield, LT Dejong, S TI MRI of a Morel-Lavalle lesion SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID SOFT-TISSUE; MANAGEMENT C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27517 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Gilbert, BC (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 4 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 182 IS 5 BP 1347 EP 1348 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 815DF UT WOS:000221022300048 PM 15868707 ER PT J AU Mullenix, PS Cuadrado, DG Steele, SR Martin, MJ See, CS Beitler, AL Carter, PL AF Mullenix, PS Cuadrado, DG Steele, SR Martin, MJ See, CS Beitler, AL Carter, PL TI Secondary operations are frequently required to complete the surgical phase of therapy in the era of breast conservation and sentinel lymph node biopsy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 90th Annual Meeting of the North-Pacific-Surgical-Association CY NOV 14-15, 2003 CL Portland, OR SP N Pacific Surg Assoc DE additional surgery; breast cancer; breast-conserving therapy; margins; re-excision; sentinel lymph node ID INTRAOPERATIVE TOUCH PREPARATION; CANCER; MARGINS; REEXCISION; CARCINOMA; LUMPECTOMY; SURGERY AB Background: Breast conservation therapy (BCT) is an oncologically equivalent and cosmetically preferable alternative to mastectomy for most early-stage breast cancers. The number of operations required to complete the surgical phase of therapy with BCT has not been widely reported. Methods: From our institutional tumor registry, we reviewed the records of all patients receiving primary surgical therapy for breast cancer from January 1, 1998, to June 30, 2002. There were 204 patients with 210 breast cancers in the cohort. These cancers were initially managed with either BCT (n = 150) or mastectomy (modified radical mastectomy or total mastectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy) (n = 60). We compared the percentages of patients in each group who required additional surgeries to obtain clear margins, manage axillary disease, or otherwise complete the surgical phase of therapy. Patients with secondary surgery related to long-term local recurrence were excluded. Results: Fifty-one percent of patients initially managed with BCT required additional surgery compared with 12% in the mastectomy group (P <0.05). Factors independently associated with multiple surgeries among all patients included management with BCT (odds ratio [OR] 5.4, P = 0.01) and positive margins at initial excision (OR 4.7, P <0.01). Significant independent predictors of positive margins included BCT (OR 11.9, P <0.01); disease stage (OR 6.7, P <0.01); submission of supplemental margins in addition to the main specimen (OR 2.8, P = 0.03); and positive nodes (OR 1.1, P = 0.04). Breast conservation was ultimately successful in 95% of patients who underwent BCT. Conclusions: Patients undergoing BCT may require multiple surgeries to reconcile successful breast conservation with sound oncologic resection. (C) 2004 Excerpta Medica, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Keller Army Community Hosp, W Point, NY USA. RP Carter, PL (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, 9040A Reid St, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. EM preston.carter@nw.amedd.army.mil RI Martin, Matthew/B-2676-2014 OI Martin, Matthew/0000-0002-9169-9069 NR 13 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 187 IS 5 BP 643 EP 646 DI 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2004.01.003 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 820JY UT WOS:000221386200022 PM 15135683 ER PT J AU Huaman, MC Roncal, N Nakazawa, S Long, TTA Gerena, L Garcia, C Solari, L Magill, AJ Kanbara, H AF Huaman, MC Roncal, N Nakazawa, S Long, TTA Gerena, L Garcia, C Solari, L Magill, AJ Kanbara, H TI Polymorphism of the Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance and chloroquine resistance transporter genes and in vitro susceptibility to aminoquinolines in isolates from the Peruvian Amazon SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY; PFCRT; MUTATIONS; PFMDR1; MALARIA; ASSOCIATION; VIVO; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SENSITIVITY; BRAZIL AB In vitro drug sensitivity to chloroquine (CQ), mefloquine (MQ) and quinine was investigated in 60 culture-adapted Plasmodium falciparum isolates from malaria patients in Padrecocha, a village in the Amazonian Department of Loreto, Peru. All isolates showed resistance to CQ, decreased susceptibility to quinine, and sensitivity to MO. These isolates were examined for mutations in the P. falciparum multidrug resistance 1 (pfmdr1) and chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt) genes previously linked to CQ resistance. The mutations N86Y and D1246Y, two of the five mutations commonly observed in the pfmdr1 gene of CQ-resistant clones, were not found. The pfcrt mutation K76T, associated with CQ resistance, was identified in all the isolates tested. Sequence analysis of codons 72-76 in the pfcrt gene showed the haplotypes SVMNT and CVMNT. C1 Nagasaki Univ, Inst Trop Med, Nagasaki 8528523, Japan. Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Inst Med Trop Alexander von Humboldt, Lima 100, Peru. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Dept Parasitol, Lima, Peru. RP Huaman, MC (reprint author), Nagasaki Univ, Inst Trop Med, Sakamoto 1-12-4, Nagasaki 8528523, Japan. EM f0512@cc.nagasaki-u.ac.jp NR 38 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 BP 461 EP 466 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 822OO UT WOS:000221549700001 PM 15155976 ER PT J AU Walsh, DS Pichyangkul, S Gettayacamin, M Tongtawe, P Siegrist, CA Hansukjariya, P Kester, KE Holland, CA Voss, G Cohen, J Stewart, AV Miller, RS Ballou, WR Heppner, DG AF Walsh, DS Pichyangkul, S Gettayacamin, M Tongtawe, P Siegrist, CA Hansukjariya, P Kester, KE Holland, CA Voss, G Cohen, J Stewart, AV Miller, RS Ballou, WR Heppner, DG TI Safety and immunogenicity of RTS,S+TRAP malaria vaccine, formulated in the AS02A adjuvant system, in infant rhesus monkeys SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN VACCINE; COMBINATION VACCINES; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; EFFICACY; THROMBOSPONDIN; TRANSMISSION; IMMUNIZATION; RTS,S/SBAS2; SPOROZOITES AB Malaria vaccine RTS,S combined with thrombospondin-related anonymous protein (TRAP) and formulated with AS02A (RTS,S+TRAP/AS02A) is safe and immunogenic in adult humans and rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Here, RTS,S+TRAP/AS02A was administered on a 0-, 1-, and 3-month schedule to three cohorts of infant monkeys, along with adult comparators. Cohort I evaluated 1/5, 1/2, and full adult doses, with the first dose administration at one month of age; cohort 2 monkeys received full adult doses, with the first dose administration at one versus three months of age; and, cohort 3 compared infants gestated in mothers with or without previous RTS,S/AS02A immunization. Immunization site reactogenicity was mild. Some infants, including the phosphate-buffered saline only recipient, developed transient iron-deficiency anemia, which is considered a result of repeated phlebotomies. All RTS,S+TRAP/AS02A regimens induced vigorous antibody responses that persisted through 12 weeks after the last vaccine dose. Modest lymphoproliferative and ELISPOT (interferon-gamma and interleukin-5) responses, particularly to TRAP, approximated adult comparators. RTS,S+TRAP/AS02A was safe and well tolerated. Vigorous antibody production and modest, selective cell-mediated immune responses suggest that RTS,S+TRAP/AS02A may be immunogenic in human infants. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USA, Med Component, Dept Vet Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Univ Geneva, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Pediat, World Hlth Org Collaborating Ctr Vaccinol & Neona, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Rixensart, Belgium. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USA, Med Component, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Walsh, DS (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM douglas.walsh@se.amedd.army.mil RI Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011; Holland, Carolyn/B-7880-2011 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802; NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 BP 499 EP 509 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 822OO UT WOS:000221549700006 PM 15155981 ER PT J AU Mense, MG Borschel, RH Wilhelmsen, CL Pitt, ML Hoover, DL AF Mense, MG Borschel, RH Wilhelmsen, CL Pitt, ML Hoover, DL TI Pathologic changes associated with brucellosis experimentally induced by aerosol exposure in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID REV-I VACCINE; PULMONARY BRUCELLOSIS; CYNOMOLGUS-PHILIPPINENSIS; MELITENSIS INFECTION; PURIFIED ANTIGEN; GUINEA-PIGS; ABORTUS; IMMUNIZATION; MICE; COMPLICATIONS AB Objective - To develop an aerosol exposure method for induction of brucellosis in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Animals - 10 adult rhesus macaques. Procedure - 8 rhesus macaques were challenge exposed with 10(2) to 10(5) colony-forming units of Brucella melitensis 16M by use of an aerosol-exposure technique, and 2 served as control animals. All macaques were euthanatized 63 days after challenge exposure. Gross and microscopic lesions, bacterial burden in target organs, and histologic changes in tissues were evaluated. Results - Grossly, spleen weights were increased in exposed macaques, compared with spleen Weights in control macaques. Histologically, there was inflammation in the liver, kidneys, spleen, testes, and epididymides in exposed macaques. The spleen and lymph nodes had increased numbers of lymphohistiocytic cells. Morphometrically, the spleen also had an increased ratio of white pulp to red pulp. Areas of hepatitis and amount of splenic white pulp increased with increasing exposure dose. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance - Pathologic findings in rhesus macaques after aerosol exposure to B melitensis are similar to those observed in humans with brucellosis. Impact for Human Medicine - These results may aid in the development of a vaccine against brucellosis that can be used in humans. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Diagnost Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxinol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Mense, MG (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Vet Pathol, 14th & Alaska Ave NW, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NR 29 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 65 IS 5 BP 644 EP 652 DI 10.2460/ajvr.2004.65.644 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 814VK UT WOS:000221002000017 PM 15141886 ER PT J AU Murray, CK Hospenthal, DR AF Murray, CK Hospenthal, DR TI Broth microdilution susceptibility testing for Leptospira spp. SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID INTERROGANS SEROGROUP ICTEROHAEMORRHAGIAE; ALAMAR-BLUE ASSAY; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; IN-VITRO; PENICILLIN; HAMSTERS; THERAPY; AGENTS; DRUG AB Leptospirosis in humans has traditionally been treated with penicillin or doxycycline. The choice of therapy offered at the time of initial patient presentation is often empirical, as definitive diagnosis can take weeks. Determining the activity of numerous antimicrobial agents against a wide range of Leptospira serovars may broaden empirical therapeutic options. Various antimicrobials have been shown to be active against a limited number of serovars in in vitro studies, chiefly by the use of broth macrodilution techniques. We developed a broth microdilution technique using the commercially available growth indicator alamarBlue. MICs produced by this technique were compared to MICs and minimal bactericidal concentrations produced by the traditional broth macrodilution technique. The internal validity of our methods was assessed with 11 runs over numerous days with a single isolate of Leptospira interrogans serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae. By either method, the MICs for these internal-validity runs fell within 2 dilutions of each other for more than 90% of antimicrobials. A broader application of these two techniques included 12 serovars (including seven species) of Leptospira and six antimicrobials (penicillin G, doxycycline, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, cefotaxime, and ciprofloxacin). Observed reproducibility fell within 2 dilutions for 99% of the duplicate result sets for the MIC microdilution method, compared to 89% for the MIC macrodilution method. The macrodilution method tended to have a higher MIC at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited (MIC90) than did the microdilution method, but the MIC(90)s of both methods were within 2 dilutions of each other for all six drugs. The macrodilution and microdilution techniques produced similar results, with microdilution allowing a faster, more streamlined method of producing MIC results. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis MCHE MDI, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hospenthal, DR (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis MCHE MDI, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM duane.hospenthal@amedd.army.mil NR 19 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1548 EP 1552 DI 10.1128/AAC.48.5.1548-1552.2004 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 818EH UT WOS:000221227900014 PM 15105104 ER PT J AU Huggins, JW Martinez, MJ Hartmann, CJ Hensley, LE Jackson, DL Kefauver, DF Kulesh, DA Larsen, T Miller, DM Mucker, EM Shamblin, JD Tate, MK Whitehouse, CA Zwiers, SH Jahrling, PB AF Huggins, JW Martinez, MJ Hartmann, CJ Hensley, LE Jackson, DL Kefauver, DF Kulesh, DA Larsen, T Miller, DM Mucker, EM Shamblin, JD Tate, MK Whitehouse, CA Zwiers, SH Jahrling, PB TI Successful cidofovir treatment of smallpox-like disease in Variola and monkeypox primate models SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th International Conference on Antiviral Resarch CY MAY 02-06, 2004 CL Tucson, AZ SP Int Soc Antiviral Res, Hilton El Conquistador Hotel C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 62 IS 2 MA 76 BP A57 EP A58 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 816XO UT WOS:000221142800077 ER PT J AU Burke, SA Wright, JD Robinson, MK Bronk, BV Warren, RL AF Burke, SA Wright, JD Robinson, MK Bronk, BV Warren, RL TI Detection of molecular diversity in Bacillus atrophaeus by amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; STRAINS; AFLP; ANTHRACIS; PROPOSAL; SPORES; TOOL; NOV AB Phenotypically, Bacillus atrophaeus is indistinguishable from the type strain of Bacillus subtilis except by virtue of pigment production on certain media. Several pigmented variants of B. subtilis have been reclassified as B. atrophaeus, but several remain ambiguous in regard to their taxonomic placement. In this study, we examined strains within the American Type Culture Collection originally deposited as Bacillus globigii, B. subtilis var. niger, or Bacillus niger using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis to determine the level of molecular diversity among these strains and their relationship with closely related taxa. The 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed little variation with one base substitution between the B. atrophaeus type strain ATCC 49337 and the other pigmented bacilli. AFLP analysis produced high-quality DNA fingerprints with sufficient polymorphism to reveal strain-level variation. Cluster analysis of Dice similarity coefficients revealed that three strains, ATCC 31028, ATCC 49760, and ATCC 49822, are much more closely related to B. atrophaeus than to B. subtilis and should be reclassified as B. atrophaeus. A very closely related cluster of B. atrophaeus strains was also observed; this cluster was genetically distinct from the type strain. The level of variation between the two groups was approximately the same as the level of variation observed between members of the two B. subtilis subspecies, subtilis and spizizenii. It is proposed that the cluster of strains typified by ATCC 9372 be designated a new subspecies, B. atrophaeus subsp. globigii. C1 Battelle Dugway Operat, Dugway, UT 84022 USA. USA, Dugway Proving Grd, Dugway, UT 84022 USA. USA, Air Force Res Lab, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Burke, SA (reprint author), Battelle Dugway Operat, POB 217, Dugway, UT 84022 USA. EM burkes@battelle.org NR 18 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 BP 2786 EP 2790 DI 10.1128/AEM.70.5.2786-2790.2004 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 819UD UT WOS:000221340400029 PM 15128533 ER PT J AU Butkus, MA Labare, MP Starke, JA Moon, K Talbot, M AF Butkus, MA Labare, MP Starke, JA Moon, K Talbot, M TI Use of aqueous silver to enhance inactivation of coliphage MS-2 by UV disinfection SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM OOCYSTS; ULTRAVIOLET-IRRADIATION; MEDIUM-PRESSURE; HEAVY-ATOMS; WATER; RADIATION; RESISTANCE; EFFICACY; CHLORINE; COPPER AB A synergistic effect between silver and UV radiation has been observed that can appreciably enhance the effectiveness of UV radiation for inactivation of viruses. At a fluence of ca. 40 mJ/cm(2), the synergistic effect between silver and UV was observed at silver concentrations as low as 110 mug/liter (P < 0.0615). At the same fluence, an MS-2 inactivation of ca. 3.5 logs (99.97%) was achieved at a silver concentration of 0.1 mg/liter, a significant improvement (P < 0.0001) over the ca. 1.8-log (98.42%) inactivation of MS-2 at ca. 40 mJ/cm(2) in the absence of silver. Modified Chick-Watson kinetics were used to model the synergistic effect of silver and IN radiation. For an MS-2 inactivation of 4 logs (99.99%), the coefficient of dilution (n) was determined to be 0.31, which suggests that changes in fluence have a greater influence on inactivation than does a proportionate change in silver concentration. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Environm Engn Program, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Butkus, MA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Environm Engn Program, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM bm8375@exmail.usma.edu NR 41 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 BP 2848 EP 2853 DI 10.1128/AEM.70.5.2848-2853.2004 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 819UD UT WOS:000221340400038 PM 15128542 ER PT J AU Gupta, N Voloshinov, V AF Gupta, N Voloshinov, V TI Hyperspectral imager, from ultraviolet to visible, with a KDP acousto-optic tunable filter SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article AB Hyperspectral imaging in the ultraviolet to visible spectral region has applications in astronomy, biology, chemistry, medical sciences, etc. A novel electronically tunable, random-wavelength access, compact, no-moving-parts, vibration-insensitive, computer-controlled hyperspectral imager operating from 220 to 480 nm with a spectral resolution of 160 cm(-1), e.g., 2 nm at 350 nm, has been developed by use of a KDP acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) with an enhanced CCD camera and a pair of crossed calcite Glan-Taylor polarizing prisms. The linear and angular apertures of the AOTF are 1.5 X 1.5 cm(2) and 1.2degrees, respectively. Imager setup and spectral imaging results as well as analyses and discussion of various factors affecting image quality are presented. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. RP Gupta, N (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ngupta@arl.army.mil RI Voloshinov, Vitaly/I-6045-2012; Gupta, Neelam/B-8702-2013 NR 23 TC 53 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 11 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 13 BP 2752 EP 2759 DI 10.1364/AO.43.002752 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 816EL UT WOS:000221093100017 PM 15130016 ER PT J AU Flanigan, DF Samuels, AC Ben-David, A AF Flanigan, DF Samuels, AC Ben-David, A TI Noise assessment of a Fourier transform infrared spectroradiometer subject to the stability of a conventional laboratory blackbody source SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID PREDICTION AB A method is described for the measurement of the noise-equivalent spectral radiance (NESR) of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroradiometers at all wave numbers of a selected range. The method requires minimal detailed knowledge of the sensor and no support equipment beyond a blackbody source. The NESRs of the FTIR spectroradiometer are determined at every wave-number increment in the 700-1300 cm(-1) range, for six resolutions, with a conventional blackbody source and ensembles of differential spectra. The NESRs are well behaved and consistent with the expected dependence on resolution; however, they depend on source temperature at the highest (1 cm(-1)) and lowest (32 cm(-1)) resolutions, with little or no statistical dependence at intermediate resolutions. Residual source drift is shown to be the likely cause of the dependence at 1 cm(-1); the dependence on the source at 32 cm(-1) resolution is shown to be most probably due to photon noise. At intermediate resolutions the sensor noise is dominant. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 SymSpec, Baltimore, MD 21209 USA. USA, RDECOM, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Flanigan, DF (reprint author), SymSpec, 2418 Briarwood Rd, Baltimore, MD 21209 USA. EM dfflanig@worldnet.att.net NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 13 BP 2767 EP 2776 DI 10.1364/AO.43.002767 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 816EL UT WOS:000221093100019 PM 15130018 ER PT J AU Scaffidi, J Pearman, W Carter, JC Colston, BW Angel, SM AF Scaffidi, J Pearman, W Carter, JC Colston, BW Angel, SM TI Effects of sample temperature in femtosecond single-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED PLASMA SPECTROSCOPY; IN-SITU ANALYSIS; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; LIBS PLASMA; ABLATION; SPECTROMETRY; EMISSION; ALUMINUM; STEEL; EXCITATION AB As much as tenfold atomic emission enhancements have been observed in experiments combining nanosecond (ns) and femtosecond (fs) laser pulses in an orthogonal dual-pulse configuration for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (ns-fs orthogonal dual-pulse LIBS). In the examination of one of several potential sources of these atomic emission enhancements (sample heating by a ns air spark), minor reductions in atomic emission and as much as 15-fold improvements in mass removal have been observed for fs single-pulse LIBS of heated brass and aluminum samples. These results suggest that, although material removal with a high-powered, ultrashort fs pulse is temperature dependent, sample heating by the ns air spark is not the source of the atomic emission enhancements observed in ns-fs orthogonal dual-pulse LIBS. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Med Technol Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Angel, SM (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM angel@mail.chem.sc.edu OI Angel, Stanley/0000-0002-0328-0568 NR 42 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 10 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 13 BP 2786 EP 2791 DI 10.1364/AO.43.002786 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 816EL UT WOS:000221093100021 PM 15130020 ER PT J AU Eastes, JW Mason, GL Kusinger, AE AF Eastes, JW Mason, GL Kusinger, AE TI Thermal signature characteristics of vehicle/terrain interaction disturbances: Implications for battlefield vehicle classification SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE remote sensing; thermal signatures; vehicle track impressions ID PARTICLE-SIZE; EMISSIVITY; SOILS AB Thermal emissivity spectra (8-14 mum) of track impressions/background were determined in conjunction with operation of six military vehicle types, T-72 and M1 Tanks, an M2 Bradley Fighting Vehicle, a 5-ton truck, a D7 tractor, and a High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV), over diverse soil surfaces to determine if vehicle type could be related to track thermal signatures. Results suggest soil compaction and fragmentation/pulverization are primary parameters affecting track signatures and that soil and vehicle/terrain-contact type determine which parameter dominates. Steel-tracked vehicles exert relatively low ground-contact pressure but tend to fragment/pulverize soil more so than do rubber-tired vehicles, which tend mainly to compact. In quartz-rich, lean clay soil tracked vehicles produced impressions with spectral contrast of the quartz reststrahlen features decreased from that of the background. At the same time, 5-ton truck tracks exhibited increased contrast on the same surface, suggesting that steel tracks fragmented soil while rubber tires mainly produced compaction. The structure of materials such as sand and moist clay-rich river sediment makes them less subject to further fragmentation/pulverization; thus, compaction was the main factor affecting signatures in these media, and both tracked and wheeled vehicles created impressions with increased spectral contrast on these surfaces. These results suggest that remotely sensed thermal signatures could differentiate tracked and wheeled vehicles on terrain in many areas of the world of strategic interest. Significant applications include distinguishing visually/spectrally identical lightweight decoys from actual threat vehicles. C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Eastes, JW (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Topog Engn Ctr, 7701 Teleg Rd, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 58 IS 5 BP 510 EP 515 DI 10.1366/000370204774103318 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 820UM UT WOS:000221415000004 PM 15165325 ER PT J AU Newmark, J AF Newmark, J TI Therapy for nerve agent poisoning SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article AB Neurologists need to familiarize themselves with nerve agents, the most toxic of the chemical warfare agents. Their mode of action lies within the nervous system, and nonneurologists will look to neurologists for expert advice on therapy. These agents cause rapid-onset cholinergic crisis amenable to prompt treatment with specific antidotes. Experience on the battlefield and in terrorist attacks demonstrates that therapy saves lives. C1 USA, Chem Casualty Care Div, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Newmark, J (reprint author), USA, Chem Care Div, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Attn MCMR UV ZM COL Newmark,3100 Ricketts Point R, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jonathan.newmark@amedd.army.mil NR 15 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 61 IS 5 BP 649 EP 652 DI 10.1001/archneur.61.5.649 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 820BZ UT WOS:000221362800005 PM 15148139 ER PT J AU Hainer, M DeHoyos, J Merrill, G Ward, J Stajduhar, K AF Hainer, M DeHoyos, J Merrill, G Ward, J Stajduhar, K TI Cysteinyl leukotrienes, thromboxane B2, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in patients across a spectrum of cardiovascular disease SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 5th Annual Conference on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology CY MAY 06-08, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 24 IS 5 MA P144 BP E25 EP E25 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 818VN UT WOS:000221272700164 ER PT J AU DeJong, LES DeBerardino, TM Brooks, DE Judson, K AF DeJong, LES DeBerardino, TM Brooks, DE Judson, K TI In vivo comparison of a metal versus a biodegradable suture anchor SO ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY LA English DT Article DE anchor; suture; PLA; polylactic acid; absorbable ID PULL-OUT STRENGTH; SHOULDER; FIXATION; BONE; COMPLICATIONS; STAPLES; REPAIR AB Purpose: This protocol compares an absorbable polylactic acid (PLA) anchor to a similarly sized metallic anchor, comparing the load to failure of the suture anchor construct in vivo in a goat model. Type of Study: Basic science. Methods: Thirty-nine goats underwent bilateral implantation of suture anchors at the intra-articular origin of the long digital extensor tendon at the knee (stifle). Each goat randomly received an absorbable anchor in one knee and a metallic anchor in the other. At 0, 6, and 12 weeks after implantation, the suture attached to the implanted anchor was pulled to failure on a materials testing machine, annotating the load at failure and location of failure of the suture anchor construct. Results: At each time period tested, no difference was found in failure load between metal and PLA suture anchor constructs, nor was there degradation in strength over time of implantation of either anchor. Most failures occurred by suture breakage, and the force required for suture breakage did not differ between anchors. Three absorbable PLA anchors failed, one (1 of 13, 7.7%) at 6 weeks, and 2 (15.4%) at 12 weeks. PLA anchor failure occurred when the suture loop eyelet pulled out of the anchor's PLA body. Conclusions: The absorbable PLA suture anchor construct, tested in an in vivo, intra-articular model, had similar strength over a 12-week period of implantation with a comparable metal anchor construct. These absorbable anchors offer a reasonable alternative to metal anchors, with comparable strength and function and advantages unique to an absorbable anchor. Clinical Relevance: This study provides the reader with an evaluation of the in vivo function and holding strength over time of implantation of an absorbable suture anchor in comparison with a metal anchor. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Keller Army Hosp, Orthopaed Surg Serv, W Point, NY USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Extrem Trauma Study Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP DeJong, LES (reprint author), Sports Med Inst, 290 Michigan Ave, Melbourne, FL 32903 USA. EM schuyler.dejong@mima.com OI DeBerardino, Thomas/0000-0002-7110-8743 NR 15 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0749-8063 J9 ARTHROSCOPY JI Arthroscopy PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 20 IS 5 BP 511 EP 516 DI 10.1016/j.arthro.2004.03.008 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 820TM UT WOS:000221412300009 PM 15122141 ER PT J AU Muza, SR Kaminsky, D Fulco, CS Banderet, LE Cymerman, A AF Muza, SR Kaminsky, D Fulco, CS Banderet, LE Cymerman, A TI Cysteinyl leukotriene blockade does not prevent acute mountain sickness SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE high altitude illness; leukotrienes; montelukast; hypoxia ID ALTITUDE PULMONARY-EDEMA; E(4) LEVELS; DEXAMETHASONE; HYPOXIA; LUNG; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PROSTAGLANDINS; HYPERTENSION; HYPOTHESIS; LAVAGE AB Background: Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) is a multi-system disorder that is characterized by headache, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, insomnia, lassitude, and malaise. The syndrome is common in unacclimatized low altitude residents who rapidly ascend to terrestrial elevations exceeding 2,500 m. AMS may be a manifestation of hypoxia-induced cerebral edema resulting, in part, from increased capillary permeability. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) may be involved in the pathogenesis of AMS, as these compounds are known to increase endothelial permeability. Methods: To test this hypothesis, we orally administered a CysLTs type-1 receptor antagonist (montelukast) to 11 subjects prior to and during exposure to high altitude (4,300 m) in a hypobaric chamber in a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design. We measured the resulting prevalence and/or severity of AMS, plasma CysLTs levels and urinary Cys-LTE4, and associated physiological responses. Results: At 12 h exposure, AMS prevalence and symptom severity was lower (p = 0.002) during montelukast administration compared with placebo, but not different at 22 h exposure. Plasma CysLTs and urinary LTE4 levels were not significantly elevated at 22 h exposure, nor did these CysLTs levels correlate with AMS severity. Compared with placebo, montelukast administration was not associated with any significant differences in physiologic measures at sea level or high altitude. Conclusions: These results do not support a role for the CysLTs mediating the early development of AMS through the CysLT-1 receptor. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mtn Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Burlington, VT USA. RP Muza, SR (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mtn Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Stephen.muza@us.army.mil NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 75 IS 5 BP 413 EP 419 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 816JY UT WOS:000221107400006 PM 15152893 ER PT J AU Gabel, F Weik, M Doctor, BP Saxena, A Fournier, D Brochier, L Renault, F Masson, P Silman, I Zaccai, G AF Gabel, F Weik, M Doctor, BP Saxena, A Fournier, D Brochier, L Renault, F Masson, P Silman, I Zaccai, G TI The influence of solvent composition on global dynamics of human butyrylcholinesterase powders: A neutron-scattering study SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-SERUM CHOLINESTERASE; PROTEIN DYNAMICS; THERMAL INACTIVATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; WATER; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; MYOGLOBIN; DEPENDENCE; STABILITY; MOTIONS AB A major result of incoherent elastic neutron-scattering experiments on protein powders is the strong dependence of the intramolecular dynamics on the sample environment. We performed a series of incoherent elastic neutron-scattering experiments on lyophilized human butyrylcholinesterase (HuBChE) powders under different conditions ( solvent composition and hydration degree) in the temperature range from 20 to 285 K to elucidate the effect of the environment on the enzyme atomic mean-square displacements. Comparing D2O- with H2O-hydrated samples, we were able to investigate protein as well as hydration water molecular dynamics. HuBChE lyophilized from three distinct buffers showed completely different atomic mean-square displacements at temperatures above similar to200 K: a salt-free sample and a sample containing Tris-HCl showed identical small-amplitude motions. A third sample, containing sodium phosphate, displayed highly reduced mean-square displacements at ambient temperature with respect to the other two samples. Below 200 K, all samples displayed similar mean-square displacements. We draw the conclusion that the reduction of intramolecular protein mean-square displacements on an Angstrom-nanosecond scale by the solvent depends not only on the presence of salt ions but also on their type. C1 Inst Biol Struct, CEA, CNRS, Mol Biophys Lab, F-38027 Grenoble 1, France. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD USA. Inst Pharmacol & Biol Struct, Toulouse, France. Serv Sante Armees, Ctr Rech, Unite Enzymol, La Tronche, France. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Neurobiol, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France. RP Inst Biol Struct, CEA, CNRS, Mol Biophys Lab, 41 Rue Jules Horowitz, F-38027 Grenoble 1, France. EM zaccai@ibs.fr RI Masson, Patrick/J-3964-2013 OI Masson, Patrick/0000-0002-7837-3662 NR 57 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 86 IS 5 BP 3152 EP 3165 DI 10.1016/S0006-3495(04)74363-5 PG 14 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 816HW UT WOS:000221102000045 PM 15111428 ER PT J AU Stolz, M Raiteri, R Daniels, AU VanLandingham, MR Baschong, W Aebi, U AF Stolz, M Raiteri, R Daniels, AU VanLandingham, MR Baschong, W Aebi, U TI Dynamic elastic modulus of porcine articular cartilage determined at two different levels of tissue organization by indentation-type atomic force microscopy SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID HUMAN FEMORAL HEAD; SCANNING FORCE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; SPRING CONSTANT; THIN-FILMS; STIFFNESS; NANOINDENTATION; SAMPLES; AFM AB Cartilage stiffness was measured ex vivo at the micrometer and nanometer scales to explore structure-mechanical property relationships at smaller scales than has been done previously. A method was developed to measure the dynamic elastic modulus, \E*\, in compression by indentation-type atomic force microscopy (IT AFM). Spherical indenter tips (radius=similar to2.5 mum) and sharp pyramidal tips (radius=similar to20 nm) were employed to probe micrometer-scale and nanometer-scale response, respectively. \E*\ values were obtained at 3 Hz from 1024 unloading response curves recorded at a given location on subsurface cartilage from porcine femoral condyles. With the microsphere tips, the average modulus was similar to2.6 MPa, in agreement with available millimeter-scale data, whereas with the sharp pyramidal tips, it was typically 100-fold lower. In contrast to cartilage, measurements made on agarose gels, a much more molecularly amorphous biomaterial, resulted in the same average modulus for both indentation tips. From results of AFM imaging of cartilage, the micrometer-scale spherical tips resolved no. ne structure except some chondrocytes, whereas the nanometer-scale pyramidal tips resolved individual collagen fibers and their 67-nm axial repeat distance. These results suggest that the spherical AFM tip is large enough to measure the aggregate dynamic elastic modulus of cartilage, whereas the sharp AFM tip depicts the elastic properties of its. ne structure. Additional measurements of cartilage stiffness following enzyme action revealed that elastase digestion of the collagen moiety lowered the modulus at the micrometer scale. In contrast, digestion of the proteoglycans moiety by cathepsin D had little effect on \E*\ at the micrometer scale, but yielded a clear stiffening at the nanometer scale. Thus, cartilage compressive stiffness is different at the nanometer scale compared to the overall structural stiffness measured at the micrometer and larger scales because of the fine nanometer-scale structure, and enzyme-induced structural changes can affect this scale-dependent stiffness differently. C1 Univ Basel, Biozentrum, ME Muller Inst Struct Biol, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. Univ Genoa, Dept Biophys & Elect Engn, Genoa, Italy. Univ Basel, Felix Platter Hosp, Lab Orthoped Biomech, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland. Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Univ Basel, Dept Oral Surg, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland. RP Aebi, U (reprint author), Univ Basel, Biozentrum, ME Muller Inst Struct Biol, Klingelberstr 70, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. EM ueli.aebi@unibas.ch NR 58 TC 246 Z9 251 U1 1 U2 87 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 86 IS 5 BP 3269 EP 3283 DI 10.1016/S0006-3495(04)74375-1 PG 15 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 816HW UT WOS:000221102000057 PM 15111440 ER PT J AU Warner, TT Bowers, JF Swerdlin, SP Beitler, BA AF Warner, TT Bowers, JF Swerdlin, SP Beitler, BA TI A rapidly deployable operational mesoscale modeling system for emergency-response applications SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID 4-DIMENSIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; SIMULATION AB Through the use of a graphical inter-face, regional modeling systems can now be employed for a variety of applications by those who are not experts in modeling. C1 Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, RAP, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. Univ Colorado, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. USA, Dugway Proving Ground, Dugway, UT USA. Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Technol Dev Directorate, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Warner, TT (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, RAP, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM warner@ucar.edu NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 85 IS 5 BP 709 EP 716 DI 10.1175/BAMS-85-5-709 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 828UG UT WOS:000221998200023 ER PT J AU Patel, A Pluim, T Helms, A Bauer, A Tuttle, RM Francis, GL AF Patel, A Pluim, T Helms, A Bauer, A Tuttle, RM Francis, GL TI Enzyme expression profiles suggest the novel tumor-activated fluoropyrimidine carbamate capecitabine (Xeloda) might be effective against papillary thyroid cancers of children and young adults SO CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thyroid cancer; drug treatment; capecitabine ID METASTATIC BREAST-CANCER; HYPERFRACTIONATED RADIOTHERAPY; THYMIDINE PHOSPHORYLASE; PHASE-II; CARCINOMA; DOXORUBICIN; MULTICENTER; SURVIVAL; SURGERY AB Purpose: The fluoropyrimidine carbamate (capecitabine) is converted to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by thymidine phosphorylase (TP) inside target tissues. 5-FU interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking thymidylate synthase (TS) but is inactivated by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD). Favorable enzyme profiles (high TP and low DPD) generate high intratumor levels of 5-FU that are effective against many tumors, especially those with low TS. Capecitabine has not been tested against thyroid cancers, and it is not known to what extent thyroid cancers express TP, TS or DPD. Methods: To test this, we determined TP, TS and DPD in 19 thyroid cancers from young patients (14 papillary, 4 follicular, I medullary) by immunohistochemistry. After approval by the Human Use Committee, the intensity of TP, TS, and DPD staining was determined by two independent examiners and graded (absent=0 to intense=3) with >90% concordance. Results: TS was detected in 7/19 cancers (37%), TP in 14/19 cancers (74%) and DPD in 14/19 cancers (74%). In six tumors, TP was more intense that DPD, suggesting capecitabine sensitivity. Only five tumors failed to express TP but four of these expressed DPD, suggesting capecitabine resistance. Overall, 6/19 tumors (32% of the total) had a favorable expression profile, and all of them were papillary cancers. Conclusions: We conclude that the majority of differentiated thyroid cancers (74%) express TP and low levels of TS (63% undetectable). The results support the hypothesis that capecitabine is activated in the majority of differentiated thyroid cancers and that 32% have favorable expression of all three enzymes (TP, TS, and DPD). C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Endocrinol, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Francis, GL (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM gfrancis@usuhs.mil NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0344-5704 J9 CANCER CHEMOTH PHARM JI Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 53 IS 5 BP 409 EP 414 DI 10.1007/s00280-003-0732-7 PG 6 WC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 817SI UT WOS:000221196800008 PM 15132128 ER PT J AU Medina, VF Larson, SL Agwaramgbo, L Perez, W Escalon, L AF Medina, VF Larson, SL Agwaramgbo, L Perez, W Escalon, L TI Treatment of trinitrotoluene by crude plant extracts SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE phytoremediation; trinitrotoluene; plant extracts ID FERREDOXIN NADP OXIDOREDUCTASE; FUNGUS PAXILLUS-INVOLUTUS; NITRATE REDUCTASE; SPINACH; WATER; TRANSFORMATION; BACTERIA; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; DISINFECTION; PURIFICATION AB d=Crude plant extract solutions (spinach and parrotfeather) were prepared and spiked with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) (20 mg 1(-1)). 90-h TNT removal by these solutions was compared to controls. Spinach and parrotfeather extract solutions removed 99% and 50% of the initial TNT, respectively; TNT was not eliminated in the controls or in extract solutions where removal activity was deactivated by boiling. A first-order removal constant of 0.052 h(-1) was estimated for spinach extract solutions treating 20 mg 1(-1) TNT concentrations, which compared favorably to intact plant removal. Concentration variation was described by Michaelis-Menton kinetics. Detectable TNT degradation products represented only a fraction of the total TNT transformed, and the transformation favored the formation of 4-aminodinitrotoluene. The results indicated that crude plant extracts transform TNT, without the presence of the live plant. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, ERDC, Environm Engn Branch,EPE,Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Dillard Univ, Dept Chem, New Orleans, LA 70122 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Analyt Serv Inc, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Medina, VF (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, ERDC, Environm Engn Branch,EPE,Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM victor.f.medina@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 36 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAY PY 2004 VL 55 IS 5 BP 725 EP 732 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2003.12.014 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 810JD UT WOS:000220699700009 PM 15013677 ER PT J AU Krakauer, T AF Krakauer, T TI Caspase inhibitors attenuate superantigen-induced inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and T-Cell proliferation SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TOXIC-SHOCK-SYNDROME; ACTIVATION; APOPTOSIS; DEATH; MICE AB Proinflammatory cytokines mediate the toxic effect of superantigenic staphylococcal exotoxins (SE). A pan-caspase inhibitor suppressed SE-stimulated T-cell proliferation and the production of cytokines and chemokines by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These data suggest that caspase inhibitors may represent a novel therapeutic modality for treating SE-induced toxic shock. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Krakauer, T (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM teresa.krakauer@det.amedd.army.mil NR 21 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 11 IS 3 BP 621 EP 624 DI 10.1128/CDLI.3.621-624.2004 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 822WC UT WOS:000221570300026 PM 15138192 ER PT J AU Tsokos, GC AF Tsokos, GC TI Drugs, sun and T cells in lupus SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID MRL-LPR/LPR MICE; PRONE MICE; ERYTHEMATOSUS; NEPHRITIS; EXPRESSION; DISEASE; DNA; AUTOIMMUNITY; RECEPTOR; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Bldg 503,Rm 1A32, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM gtsokos@usuhs.mil NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0009-9104 J9 CLIN EXP IMMUNOL JI Clin. Exp. Immunol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 136 IS 2 BP 191 EP 193 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2004.02455.x PG 3 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 810XI UT WOS:000220736600001 PM 15086379 ER PT J AU Ly, JQ Bui-Mansfield, LT Taylor, DC AF Ly, JQ Bui-Mansfield, LT Taylor, DC TI Radiologic demonstration of temporal development of bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation SO CLINICAL IMAGING LA English DT Article DE bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation; Nora lesion; BPOP ID FLORID REACTIVE PERIOSTITIS; LESION; BONE AB We report a case of bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP) in which radiologic examinations showed temporal development of BPOP following a traumatic event. This evidence supports the theory that BPOP is caused by trauma. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Div Radiol Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Keller Army Community Hosp, Orthopaed Surg Serv, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Ly, JQ (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. EM jly15544@hotmail.com NR 8 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0899-7071 J9 CLIN IMAG JI Clin. Imaging PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 28 IS 3 BP 216 EP 218 DI 10.1016/S0899-7071(03)00235-3 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 828LW UT WOS:000221975800013 PM 15158229 ER PT J AU Tasker, SA Schnepf, GA Lim, M Caraviello, HE Armstrong, A Bavaro, M Agan, BK Delmar, J Aronson, N Wallace, MR Grabenstein, JD AF Tasker, SA Schnepf, GA Lim, M Caraviello, HE Armstrong, A Bavaro, M Agan, BK Delmar, J Aronson, N Wallace, MR Grabenstein, JD CA US Dept Def Tri Serv AIDS Clin Con TI Unintended smallpox vaccination of HIV-1-infected individuals in the United States military SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; VACCINIA AB We identified 10 individuals who had undiagnosed human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection at the time of smallpox vaccination. Mean CD4 cell count was 483 cells/ mm(3) (range, 286 - 751 cells/mm(3)), and mean log(10) plasma HIV-1 RNA load was 4.13 copies/cm(3) (range, 2.54 - 5.16 copies/ cm(3)). All vaccinees (3 primary and 7 repeat) had a normal, robust reaction without complications. Smallpox vaccine was well-tolerated in this small series of HIV-1 - infected military personnel. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. USN, Cent HIV Program, Bur Med, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Winn Army Community Hosp, Ft Stewart, GA USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. USA, Mil Vaccine Agcy, Med Command, Falls Church, VA USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Infect Dis, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP Tasker, SA (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM satasker@bethesda.med.navy.mil OI Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 NR 13 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 9 BP 1320 EP 1322 DI 10.1086/420938 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 813SG UT WOS:000220926200021 PM 15127348 ER PT J AU Hayda, R Harris, RM Bass, CD AF Hayda, R Harris, RM Bass, CD TI Blast injury research - Modeling injury effects of landmines, bullets, and bombs SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID AIR-BLAST; EXPLOSION; BOMBINGS; OVERPRESSURE; MANAGEMENT; TERRORISM; INCIDENTS; IMPACT; LUNGS; BUS AB Terrorist blasts and landmine injuries have become more common in the past several decades generating thousands of casualties. Preventive and prognostic measures are limited by the lack of knowledge of these complex events. Previous blast research has focused on primary blast injuries that involve the lung, despite musculoskeletal injuries being the most common. Through the use of instrumented cadavers, Hybrid III test dummies, and other surrogates, unique models of these events have been created. The investigations studied the effectiveness of antimine footwear, forces and injury mechanisms in temporary shelters subjected to blast, modeling of blast-induced glass fragmentation, and helmet deformation and injury potential under ballistic load. Despite blasts being much higher rate events than those seen in automotive blunt trauma, we were able to measure forces and create injury models. We found that antimine footwear will require additional development to be effective. Guidelines for shelter placement have been altered, and tempered glass seems to offer no protection when compared with annealed glass. Although these models are in their nascent phase, the thorough understanding of the biomechanical nature of these blast injuries will assist in developing strategies to reduce injuries and in the creation of forecasting models. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Hayda, R (reprint author), USA, Brooke Med Ctr, Orthopaed Serv, MCHE-SDR,3581 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM roman.hayda@amedd.army.mil NR 42 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD MAY PY 2004 IS 422 BP 97 EP 108 DI 10.1097/01.blo.0000128295.28666.ee PG 12 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 824XW UT WOS:000221721500016 PM 15187840 ER PT J AU Namburu, RR Mark, ER Clarke, JA AF Namburu, RR Mark, ER Clarke, JA TI Scalable electromagnetic simulation environment SO CMES-COMPUTER MODELING IN ENGINEERING & SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE finite difference time domain; scalable computing environment; computational electromagnetics; voxel grid; implicit surfaces; parallel preprocessing; parallel visualization; radar cross section; large-scale military application ID MESH GENERATION; DELAUNAY APPROACH; ALGORITHM; SCHEME; FDTD AB Computational electromagnetic (CEM) simulations of full-range military vehicles play a critical role in enhancing the survivability and target recognition of combat systems. Modeling of full-range military systems subjected to high frequencies may involve generating large-scale meshes, solving equations, visualization, and analysis of results in the range of billions of unknowns or grid points. Hence, the overall objective of this research is to develop and demonstrate a scalable CEM software environment to address accurate prediction of radar cross sections (RCS) for full-range armored vehicles with realistic material treatments and complex geometric configurations. A software environment consisting of scalable preprocessing, post-processing, and an accurate CEM algorithmic approach is needed to achieve a significant reduction in overall simulation time for practical military applications. In addition to RCS, this high-fidelity scalable software environment can be easily extended to address wideband communications applications. This paper presents a scalable computational environment or framework for large-scale computational electromagnetics and acoustics (CEA) applications consisting of (a) scalable grid generation based on implicit surfaces and voxel methods, (b) scalable finite difference time domain method, (c) extensible Data Model and Format, and (d) parallel visualization utilizing a network distributed global memory approach. Two different applications are presented to illustrate the capabilities of the proposed approach. The first application demonstrates the scalability and validity of the proposed CEM software environment. The second application demonstrates the capability of the proposed approach to model and analyze a very large-scale application, namely, a full-scale combat vehicle simulation consisting of 2.56 billion cells. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Namburu, RR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU TECH SCIENCE PRESS PI ENCINO PA 4924 BALBOA BLVD, # 488, ENCINO, CA 91316 USA SN 1526-1492 J9 CMES-COMP MODEL ENG JI CMES-Comp. Model. Eng. Sci. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 5 IS 5 BP 443 EP 453 PG 11 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 822EL UT WOS:000221519100006 ER PT J AU Rugenstein, EK Kupferschmid, M AF Rugenstein, EK Kupferschmid, M TI Active set strategies in an ellipsoid algorithm for nonlinear programming SO COMPUTERS & OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE nonlinear optimization; ellipsoid algorithm; equality constraints; restarting strategy; active set strategy; computational experiments; performance profiles ID OPTIMIZATION AB The classical ellipsoid algorithm solves convex nonlinear programming problems having feasible sets of full dimension. Convergence is certain only for the convex case (Math. Oper. Res. 10 (1985) 515), but the algorithm often works in practice for nonconvex problems as well (SIAM J. Control Optim. 23 (1985) 657). Shah's algorithm (Comput. Oper. Res. 20 (2001) 85) modifies the classical method to permit the solution of nonlinear programs including equality constraints. This paper describes a robust restarting procedure for Shah's algorithm and investigates two active set strategies to improve computational efficiency. Experimental results are presented to show the new algorithm is effective, and usually faster than Shah's algorithm, for a wide variety of convex and nonconvex nonlinear programs with inequality and equality constraints. We also demonstrate that the algorithm can be used to solve systems of nonlinear equations and inequalities, including Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Rugenstein, EK (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM tyge.rugenstein@usma.edu NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-0548 J9 COMPUT OPER RES JI Comput. Oper. Res. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 31 IS 6 BP 941 EP 962 DI 10.1016/S0305-0548(03)00045-5 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 766VM UT WOS:000188396200008 ER PT J AU Adrian, NR Arnett, CM AF Adrian, NR Arnett, CM TI Anaerobic biodegradation of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) by Acetobacterium malicum strain HAAP-1 isolated from a methanogenic mixed culture SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; BIOTRANSFORMATION; EXPLOSIVES; HYDROGEN; SOIL; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; MINERALIZATION; DEGRADATION; SLUDGE; TNT AB In previous work, we studied the anaerobic biodegradation of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) by a methanogenic mixed culture that biodegrades RDX by using H(2) as the sole electron donor. Strain HAAP-1 was isolated after enriching for the homoacetogens in a mineral medium containing RDX and an H(2)-CO(2) (80:20) headspace. Strain HAAP-1 degraded 29.0 muM RDX in <14 days and formed 13.0 mM acetate when grown in a mineral medium with an H(2)-CO(2) headspace. Methylenedinitramine was observed as a transient intermediate, indicating ring cleavage had occurred. In live cultures containing an N(2)-CO(2) headspace, RDX was not degraded, and no acetate was formed. The 16S rRNA gene sequence for strain HAAP-1, consisting of 1485 base pairs, had a 99.2% and 99.1% sequence similarity to Acetobacterium malicum and A. wieringae, respectively. This is the first report of RDX degradation by a homoacetogen growing autotrophically and extends the number of genera known to carry out this transformation. C1 Army Corps Engineers, Engineer Res Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. RP Adrian, NR (reprint author), Army Corps Engineers, Engineer Res Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, POB 9005,2902 Newmark Dr, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. EM Neal.R.Adrian@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 33 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 3 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 48 IS 5 BP 332 EP 340 DI 10.1007/s00284-003-4156-8 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 810BA UT WOS:000220678600003 PM 15060728 ER PT J AU Winfield, LE Rodgers, JH D'Surney, SJ AF Winfield, LE Rodgers, JH D'Surney, SJ TI The responses of selected terrestrial plants to short (< 12 days) and long term (2, 4 and 6 weeks) hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) exposure. Part I: Growth and developmental effects SO ECOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE RDX; developmental; effects; plants AB Soils contaminated with explosive materials like hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) is a concern nation-wide on military installations and sites where explosives are manufactured, stored, or disposed. Terrestrial plants are a vital group of receptor organism, yet limited published information is available on the potential impacts of RDX exposure in terrestrial plants. This research comprised the initial phases in the development of a short-term (<12 days) screening experiment for assessing the environmental impacts of RDX exposure in terrestrial plants. Fifteen plants (dicots and monocots) were exposed to three soils amended with 0-4000 μg g(-1) of RDX during the short-term screening experiments. Growth responses (maximum root and shoot lengths, percent emergence) and adverse developmental effects were the assessment endpoints. Sunflower was identified as the most RDX sensitive plant and selected for evaluation during the long-term (2, 4, and 6 weeks) experiments. Two life stages of sunflower (embryos and 2-week old seedlings) were exposed to Grenada soil amended with 0-100 μg g(-1) of RDX. The assessment endpoints during the long-term experiments included: biomass, maximum shoot and root length, root bio-volume, maximum stem diameter, number of leaves, and adverse developmental effects. Statistically significant differences were measured in several of the growth parameters following the short and long term exposure studies, however there were no consistent patterns. The consistent indicators of detrimental impacts from RDX exposure were the adverse developmental effects observed, regardless of life stage, soil type, or exposure duration. Typically, more adverse developmental effects were observed in dicots than monocots. The efficacy of the short-term screening experiments for estimating the impacts of long-term RDX exposure was validated. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, EPR, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Clemson Univ, Clemson Inst Environm Toxicol, Pendleton, SC 29670 USA. Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Winfield, LE (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, EPR, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Linda.E.Winfield@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 22 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 8 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9292 J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY JI Ecotoxicology PD MAY PY 2004 VL 13 IS 4 BP 335 EP 347 DI 10.1023/B:ECTX.0000033091.78180.3d PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 832JO UT WOS:000222264000005 PM 15344514 ER PT J AU Blonder, J Hale, ML Lucas, DA Schaefer, CF Yu, LR Conrads, TR Issaq, HJ Stiles, BG Veenstra, TD AF Blonder, J Hale, ML Lucas, DA Schaefer, CF Yu, LR Conrads, TR Issaq, HJ Stiles, BG Veenstra, TD TI Proteomic analysis of detergent-resistant membrane rafts SO ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Annual Frederick Conference on Capillary Electrophoresis/Proteomics CY NOV 03-04, 2003 CL NCI, Frederick, MD HO NCI DE detergent-resistant membrane rafts; gas-phase fractionation; membrane proteomics; reversed-phase liquid chromatography; vero cells ID B-CELL RECEPTOR; LIPID RAFTS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GLUCOSE-TRANSPORTER; TARGETING PROTEINS; CAVEOLAE MEMBRANE; STOMATIN; DOMAINS; IDENTIFICATION; PALMITOYLATION AB A combined, detergent- and organic solvent-based proteomic method for the analysis of detergent-resistant membrane rafts (DRMR) is described. These specialized domains of the plasma membrane contain a distinctive and dynamic protein and/or lipid complement, which can be isolated from most mammalian cells. Lipid rafts are predominantly involved in signal transduction and adapted to mediate and produce different cellular responses. To facilitate a better understanding of their biology and role, DRMR were isolated from Vero cells as a Triton X-100 insoluble fraction. After detergent removal, sonication in 60% buffered methanol was used to extract, solubilize and tryptically digest the resulting protein complement. The peptide digestate was analyzed by microcapillary reversed-phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Gas-phase fractionation in the mass-to-charge range was employed to broaden the selection of precursor ions and increase the number of identifications in an effort to detect less abundant proteins. A total of 380 proteins were identified including all known lipid raft markers. A total of 91 (24%) proteins were classified as integral alpha-helical membrane proteins, of which 51 (56%) were predicted to have multiple transmembrane domains. C1 NCI, SAIC Frederick, Lab Proteom & Analyt Technol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Toxinol Div, Frederick, MD USA. NCI, Ctr Bioinformat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Veenstra, TD (reprint author), NCI, SAIC Frederick, Lab Proteom & Analyt Technol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM veenstra@ncifcrf.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-2400] NR 48 TC 69 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0173-0835 J9 ELECTROPHORESIS JI Electrophoresis PD MAY PY 2004 VL 25 IS 9 SI SI BP 1307 EP 1318 DI 10.1002/elps.200405891 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 825DB UT WOS:000221735100018 PM 15174053 ER PT J AU Aguilar, PV Greene, IP Coffey, LL Medina, G Moncayo, AC Anishchenko, M Ludwig, GV Turell, MJ O'Guinn, ML Lee, J Tesh, RB Watts, DM Russell, KL Hice, C Yanoviak, S Morrison, AC Klein, TA Dohm, DJ Guzman, H da Rosa, APAT Guevara, C Kochel, T Olson, J Cabezas, C Weaver, SC AF Aguilar, PV Greene, IP Coffey, LL Medina, G Moncayo, AC Anishchenko, M Ludwig, GV Turell, MJ O'Guinn, ML Lee, J Tesh, RB Watts, DM Russell, KL Hice, C Yanoviak, S Morrison, AC Klein, TA Dohm, DJ Guzman, H da Rosa, APAT Guevara, C Kochel, T Olson, J Cabezas, C Weaver, SC TI Endemic Venezuelan equine encephalitis in northern Peru SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID AMAZON REGION; SOUTH-AMERICA; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; SUBTYPE; EMERGENCE; COLOMBIA; STRAINS; IDENTIFICATION; ALPHAVIRUSES; ARBOVIRUSES AB Since Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) was isolated in Peru in 1942, >70 isolates have been obtained from mosquitoes, humans, and sylvatic mammals primarily in the Amazon region. To investigate genetic relationships among the Peru VEEV isolates and between the Peru isolates and other VEEV strains, a fragment of the PE2 gene was amplified and analyzed by single-stranded conformation polymorphism. Representatives of seven genotypes underwent sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The results identified four VEE complex lineages that cocirculate in the Amazon region: subtypes ID (Panama and Colombia/Venezuela genotypes), IIIC, and a new, proposed subtype IIID, which was isolated from a febrile human, mosquitoes, and spiny rats. Both ID lineages and the IIID subtype are associated with febrile human illness. Most of the subtype ID isolates belonged to the Panama genotype, but the Colombia/Venezuela genotype, which is phylogenetically related to epizootic strains, also continues to circulate in the Amazon basin. C1 Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Inst Nacl Salud, Lima, Peru. RP Weaver, SC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM sweaver@utmb.edu RI Weaver, Scott/D-6490-2011 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI049725, AI49725-01] NR 35 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 6 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY PY 2004 VL 10 IS 5 BP 880 EP 888 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 818GL UT WOS:000221233500017 PM 15200823 ER PT J AU Green, BH Schmitz, DW AF Green, BH Schmitz, DW TI Technical note: Soil-based controlled low-strength materials SO ENVIRONMENTAL & ENGINEERING GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE controlled low-strength materials; backfill; fly ash; Loess soil; unconfined compressive strength; Portland cement C1 Corps Engineers, Dept Army, Engnieer Res & Dev Ctr, Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Geosci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Green, BH (reprint author), Corps Engineers, Dept Army, Engnieer Res & Dev Ctr, Geotech & Struct Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 1078-7275 J9 ENVIRON ENG GEOSCI JI Environ. Eng. Geosci. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 10 IS 2 BP 169 EP 174 DI 10.2113/10.2.169 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 909OV UT WOS:000227870100005 ER PT J AU Geibel, NM AF Geibel, NM TI Technical note: Rehabilitation of a biofouled pressure-relief well network, Garrison Dam, North Dakota SO ENVIRONMENTAL & ENGINEERING GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE rehabilitation; pressure-relief well; dam safety; biofilm; biofouling; seepage control C1 US Army Corps Engineers, Omaha, NE 68102 USA. RP Geibel, NM (reprint author), US Army Corps Engineers, Omaha, NE 68102 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 1078-7275 J9 ENVIRON ENG GEOSCI JI Environ. Eng. Geosci. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 10 IS 2 BP 175 EP 183 DI 10.2113/10.2.175 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 909OV UT WOS:000227870100006 ER PT J AU Landrum, PE Steevens, JA Gossiaux, DC McElroy, M Robinson, S Begnoche, L Chernyak, S Hickey, J AF Landrum, PE Steevens, JA Gossiaux, DC McElroy, M Robinson, S Begnoche, L Chernyak, S Hickey, J TI Time-dependent lethal body residues for the toxicity of pentachlorobenzene to Hyalella azteca SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE lethal body residue; Hyalella azteca; pentachlorobenzene; toxicokinetics; temporal trends ID AQUATIC TOXICITY; LUMBRICULUS-VARIEGATUS; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; PAH TOXICITY; MODEL; BIOCONCENTRATION; TOXICOKINETICS AB The study examined the temporal response of Hyalella azteca to pentachlorobenzene (PCBZ) in water-only exposures. Toxicity was evaluated by calculating, the body residue of PCBZ associated with survival. The concentration of PCBZ in tire tissues of H. azteca associated with 50% mortality decreased from 3 to 0.5 mumol/g over the temporal range of 1 to 28 d, respectively. No significant difference was observed in the body residue calculated for 50% mortality when the value was determined Using live or dead organisms. Metabolism of PCBZ was not responsible for the temporal response because no detectable PCBZ biotransformation occurred over in exposure period of 10 d. A damage assessment model was Used to evaluate the impact and repair of damage by PCBZ on H. azteca. The toxicokinetics were determined so that the temporal toxicity data could be fit to a damage assessment model. The half-life calculated for the elimination of PCBZ averaged approximately 49 h, while the value determined for the half-life of damage repair from the damage assessment model was 33 h. C1 NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Landrum, PE (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM peter.landrum@noaa.gov NR 22 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU SETAC PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 23 IS 5 BP 1335 EP 1343 DI 10.1897/03-164 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 821AT UT WOS:000221432400031 PM 15180388 ER PT J AU Berkowitz, MJ Kim, DH AF Berkowitz, MJ Kim, DH TI Fibular position in relation to lateral ankle instability SO FOOT & ANKLE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 66th Annual Meeting of the Western-Orthopaedic-Association CY AUG, 2002 CL Maui, HI SP W Orthopaed Assoc DE ankle instability; fibular position AB Background: The position of the fibula within the ankle mortise may be a factor contributing to recurrent ankle instability. The current study was performed to determine whether significant differences in fibular position exist in a population of patients who underwent lateral ankle stabilization procedures. The hypothesis that a fibula positioned posteriorly within the mortise predisposes the ankle to chronic instability was evaluated. Methods: Sixty-five CT/MRI scans of patients who underwent lateral ankle stabilization procedures from 1998 to 2001 were reviewed. The position of the fibula in relation to the tibia at the ankle mortise was expressed as the axial malleolar index (AMI). A greater AMI corresponds to a more posterior fibula. The AMI was also calculated from 65 CT/MRI scans performed on control patients who had no ankle instability. Results: The average AMI in the study group was 17degrees +/- 6degrees (SD) compared with an average of 9degrees +/- 4degrees (SD) in the control group (p <.01). Therefore, the fibula was nearly twice as posterior in patients undergoing ankle reconstruction. In 42/65 (65%) study patients, the AMI was greater than 15degrees. Only 5/65 (8%) control patients had AMI values greater than 15% This corresponds to an eightfold greater likelihood of AMI greater that 15degrees in the instability group than in the control group. Conclusions: This study supports the hypothesis that a posteriorly positioned fibula predisposes to ankle instability. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Foot & Ankle Sect, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Berkowitz, MJ (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Foot & Ankle Sect, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM mark.berkowitz@haw.tamc.amedd.army.mil NR 15 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC FOOT & ANKLE SOC, INC PI SEATTLE PA 2517 EASTLAKE AVE EAST, STE 200, SEATTLE, WA 98102 USA SN 1071-1007 J9 FOOT ANKLE INT JI Foot Ankle Int. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 25 IS 5 BP 318 EP 321 PG 4 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 854FD UT WOS:000223885800007 PM 15134612 ER PT J AU Leon, LR AF Leon, LR TI Hypothermia in systemic inflammation: Role of cytokines SO FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Review DE tumor necrosis factor; interleukin-10; interleukin-6; interleukin-1; interferon; body temperature; anapyrexia; fever; review ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; GRAM-NEGATIVE SEPSIS; ALPHA-INDUCED FEVER; LPS-INDUCED FEVER; TNF-ALPHA; CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; BODY-TEMPERATURE; BACTERIAL LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE AB Hypothermia is a thermoregulatory response to systemic inflammation that is often regarded as maladaptive to the host. However, rodents show regulated hypothermia (that is, a selection of cool ambient temperature) during systemic inflammation that correlates with enhanced survival, supporting an adaptive value to this response. The mechanisms regulating hypothermia are not fully understood, but cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukins (ILs) and interferon-gamma have been shown to induce or modulate hypothermia. A review of the literature suggests that TNF-alpha functions as an endogenous cryogen (i. e., induces hypothermia), whereas IL-10 modulates TNFalpha production and/or release as a mechanism of hypothermia attenuation. IL-1beta and IL-6 are typically regarded as endogenous pyrogens, but may induce hypothermia during viral and bacterial inflammation. A role for endogenous IFN-gamma in hypothermia has not been demonstrated, but injection of this cytokine potentiates hypothermia through augmented production of other cytokines. It is clear that additional research is required in this area. Suggested areas for future research include a determination of the final mediator of hypothermia and its specific anatomical site of action as well as the role of cytokines in the regulation of hypothermia under non-inflammatory conditions. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Leon, LR (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Kansas St,Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM lisa.leon@na.amedd.army.mil NR 102 TC 58 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 5 PU FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE INC PI MANHASSET PA C/O NORTH SHORE UNIV HOSPITAL, BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER, 350 COMMUNITY DR, MANHASSET, NY 11030 USA SN 1093-9946 J9 FRONT BIOSCI JI Front. Biosci. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 9 BP 1877 EP 1888 DI 10.2741/1381 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 779ZA UT WOS:000189333700070 PM 14977594 ER PT J AU Dainty, L Maxwell, GL Clarke-Pearson, DL Myers, ER AF Dainty, L Maxwell, GL Clarke-Pearson, DL Myers, ER TI Cost-effectiveness of combination thromboembolism prophylaxis in gynecologic oncology surgery SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thromboembolism; prophylaxis; surgery ID DEEP-VEIN-THROMBOSIS; LOW-DOSE HEPARIN; LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; INTERMITTENT PNEUMATIC COMPRESSION; POSTOPERATIVE VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; GENERAL ABDOMINAL-SURGERY; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; CALF COMPRESSION; DOUBLE-BLIND; UNFRACTIONATED HEPARIN AB Objective. To compare the cost-effectiveness of external pneumatic compression devices with and without the addition of low-molecular-weight heparin for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis in high-risk surgical patients with gynecologic cancer. Methods. A Markov decision analytic model was used to estimate the costs and outcomes associated with the prophylactic use of external pneumatic compression with and without low-molecular-weight heparin in patients undergoing gynecologic surgery. We estimated cost per fatal pulmonary embolus prevented, cost per deep vein thrombus prevented, and cost per life-year saved. Probability estimates for various outcomes and efficacies were obtained from the literature, using data specific for gynecologic surgery patients when available. Results. In the base case scenario, cost-effectiveness estimates for combination prophylaxis varied from $10,091 per life-year saved for a 35-year-old patient with 113 cervix cancer patient to $50,181 for a 65-year-old patient with stage IIIC ovarian cancer, costs within the $50,000-65,000 per life-year saved threshold considered to be cost-effective. Combination prophylaxis appeared to be cost-effective in gynecologic oncology patients as long as the risk of perioperative thromboembolism using this method of prevention was less than or equal to 4%. Sensitivity analysis indicated that variation of the marginal cost of low-molecular-weight heparin and the marginal effectiveness to extremes did not change the conclusions of the statistical model. Conclusion. The use of combination therapy external pneumatic compression is estimated to be cost-effective for high-risk gynecologic oncology patients undergoing surgery. Clinical trials to determine the efficacy of perioperative combination therapy in gynecologic surgery are justified. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Speciality Pelv Surg, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Maxwell, GL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, 6900 Georgio Ave NW,Bldg 2,Room 2106, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM karilouis@earthlink.net NR 83 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 93 IS 2 BP 366 EP 373 DI 10.1016/j.ygyno.2004.02.004 PG 8 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 816OZ UT WOS:000221120500015 PM 15099947 ER PT J AU Booth, C Zahn, CM McBroom, J Maxwell, GL AF Booth, C Zahn, CM McBroom, J Maxwell, GL TI Retroperitoneal mullerian carcinosarcoma associated with endometriosis: a case report SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carcinosarcoma; endometriosis; retroperitoneum ID TUMOR; NEOPLASMS AB Background. Mixed mullerian tumors are rare malignancies of the female genital tract and extremely uncommon in extragenital sites. Case. A 71-year-old woman presented with a 3-month history of left-sided pelvic pain. Significant history included total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy performed 19 years earlier for benign indications; she had no history of endometriosis. Bimanual exam and pelvic ultrasonography demonstrated a 6 x 5 x 6 cm complex mass in the left pelvis. Exploratory laparotomy revealed a retroperitoneal mass encasing the left ureter. The mass was debulked, necessitating resection of the distal ureter and ureteroneocystotomy. Histopathology demonstrated carcinosarcoma associated with endometriosis. Conclusion. Extragenital carcinosarcoma is a rare malignancy, with only one well-documented case associated with peritoneal endometriosis. We report a case of an extragenital retroperitoneal carcinosarcoma associated with endometriosis. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Zahn, CM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM czahn@usuhs.mil NR 16 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 93 IS 2 BP 546 EP 549 DI 10.1016/j.ygyno.2004.01.018 PG 4 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 816OZ UT WOS:000221120500046 PM 15099978 ER PT J AU Shell-Gellasch, A AF Shell-Gellasch, A TI A history of mathematics SO HISTORIA MATHEMATICA LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Shell-Gellasch, A (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0315-0860 J9 HIST MATH JI Hist. Math. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 31 IS 2 BP 227 EP 228 DI 10.1016/j.hm.2003.07.007 PG 2 WC History & Philosophy Of Science; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics SC History & Philosophy of Science; Mathematics GA 820GG UT WOS:000221374900008 ER PT J AU Chakrabarti, S Stiff-Roberts, AD Bhattacharya, P Gunapala, S Bandara, S Rafol, SB Kennerly, SW AF Chakrabarti, S Stiff-Roberts, AD Bhattacharya, P Gunapala, S Bandara, S Rafol, SB Kennerly, SW TI High-temperature operation of InAs-GaAs quantum-dot infrared photodetectors with large responsivity and detectivity SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE detectivity; InAs-GaAs; infrared detector; quantum dots; responsivity ID PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY AB We have optimized the growth of multiple (40-70) layers of self-organized InAs quantum dots separated by GaAs barrier layers in order to enhance the absorption of quantum-dot infrared photodetectors (QDIPs). In devices with 70 quantum-dot layers, at relatively large operating biases (less than or equal to -1.0 V), the dark current density is as low as 10(-5) A/cm(2) and the peak responsivity ranges from similar to0.1 to 0.3 A/W for temperatures T = 150 K - 175 K. The peak detectivity corresponding to these low dark currents and high responsivities varies in the range 6 x 10(9) less than or equal to D-* (cm . Hz(1/2)/W) less than or equal to 10(11) for temperatures 100 less than or equal to T(K) less than or equal to 200. These performance characteristics represent the state-of-the-art for QDIPs and indicate that this device heterostructure is appropriate for incorporation into focal plane arrays. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Solid State Elect Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Bhattacharya, P (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Solid State Elect Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM pkb@eecs.umich.edu NR 12 TC 130 Z9 131 U1 5 U2 32 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 16 IS 5 BP 1361 EP 1363 DI 10.1109/LPT.2004.825974 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 815TI UT WOS:000221064200046 ER PT J AU Nashashibi, AY Sarabandi, K Oveisgharan, S Dobson, MC Walker, WS Burke, E AF Nashashibi, AY Sarabandi, K Oveisgharan, S Dobson, MC Walker, WS Burke, E TI Millimeter-wave measurements of foliage attenuation and ground reflectivity of tree stands at nadir incidence SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE attentuation measurement; millimeter wave propagation; millimeter wave radar; radar detection ID BACKSCATTER; RADAR; PROPAGATION; VEGETATION; SCATTERING; CANOPIES AB In this paper, the phenomenology of wave propagation through foliage and forest ground reflectivity is investigated for assessing the feasibility of foliage-covered target detection at millimeter-wave frequencies. An experimental procedure for simultaneous measurements of foliage attenuation and ground reflectivity is outlined. This measurement procedure is implemented for two different tree stands, one mostly coniferous and the other deciduous, using a nadir-looking, high-resolution, 35-GHz radar positioned above the tree canopy. Statistics of the two-way attenuation and ground reflectivity for these two well-characterized stands are derived. Strong spatial and angular fluctuations in the two-way foliage attenuation coefficient are observed. The mean, standard deviation, and median of the measured two-way attenuation factor at Stand 1 (mostly coniferous trees with 0.140 trees/m(2) stocking density and 45.45 Kg/m(2) green biomass) are -25.4, -18.3, and -48.2 dB, respectively, while the mean, standard deviation, and median of the measured two-way attenuation factor at Stand 2 (deciduous trees with 0.1055 trees/m(2) stocking density and 30.90 Kg/m(2) green biomass) are -15.4, -12.7, and -33.6 dB, respectively. The mean attenuation rates of Stand 1 and Stand 2, derived from the measured two-way attenuation factor, are 0.40 and 0.24 Np/m, respectively. Only a small percentage of the data had two-way foliage attenuation values exceeding 70 dB. The mean, standard deviation, and median of the power reflectivity of the forest floor at Stand 1 are -14.2, -11.0, and -21.1 dB, respectively, while for Stand 2, the same statistical measures are -16.0, -14.3, and -22.2 dB, respectively. The results demonstrate the potential for using MMW nadir-looking radars for the detection of targets underneath foliage-cover. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Nashashibi, AY (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM nuha@umic.edu NR 20 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 52 IS 5 BP 1211 EP 1222 DI 10.1109/TAP.2004.827250 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 820GA UT WOS:000221374200009 ER PT J AU Dong, M Tong, L Sadler, BM AF Dong, M Tong, L Sadler, BM TI Optimal insertion of pilot symbols for transmissions over time-varying flat fading channels SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE channel tracking; Gauss-Markov; Kalman filter; pilot symbols; placement schemes; PSAM; superimposed; time-varying ID ASSISTED MODULATION; PLACEMENT; PERFORMANCE AB Two major training techniques for wireless channels are time-division multiplexed (TDM) training and superimposed training. For the TDM schemes with regular periodic placements (RPPs), the closed-form expression for the steady-state minimum mean square error (MMSE) of the channel estimate is obtained as a function of placement for Gauss-Markov flat fading channels. We then show that among all periodic placements, the single pilot RPP scheme (RPP-1) minimizes the maximum steady-state channel MMSE. For binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) and quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) signaling, we further show that the optimal placement that minimizes the maximum uncoded bit error rate (BER) is also RPP-1. We next compare the MMSE and BER performance under the superimposed training scheme with those under the optimal TDM scheme. It is shown that while the RPP-1 scheme performs better at high SNR and for slowly varying channels, the superimposed scheme outperforms RPP-1 in the other regimes. This demonstrates the potential for using superimposed training in relatively fast time-varying environments. C1 Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Dong, M (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM mdong@ece.cornell.edu; ltong@ece.cornell.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil NR 23 TC 113 Z9 116 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 52 IS 5 BP 1403 EP 1418 DI 10.1109/TSP.2004.826182 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 811ZA UT WOS:000220808600025 ER PT J AU Morgan, CA Hazlett, G Doran, A Garrett, S Hoyt, G Thomas, P Baranoski, M Southwick, SM AF Morgan, CA Hazlett, G Doran, A Garrett, S Hoyt, G Thomas, P Baranoski, M Southwick, SM TI Accuracy of eyewitness memory for persons encountered during exposure to highly intense stress SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LAW AND PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID UNCONTROLLABLE STRESS; NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; HUMANS; CATECHOLAMINES; FACILITATION; STIMULATION; EXPERIENCE; SYMPTOMS; BLOCKADE; SLEEP C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Connecticut Mental Hlth Ctr,Law & Psychiat Div, New Haven, CT 06519 USA. USA, JFK Special Warfare Training Ctr & Sch, Ft Bragg, NC USA. USN, FASOTRAGRULANT, Naval Air Stn, Brunswick, ME USA. USN, FASOTRAGRUPAC N2, Naval Air Stn, Coronado, CA USA. RP Morgan, CA (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Connecticut Mental Hlth Ctr,Law & Psychiat Div, 34 Pk St, New Haven, CT 06519 USA. EM charles.a.morgan@yale.edu NR 34 TC 74 Z9 76 U1 6 U2 42 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-2527 J9 INT J LAW PSYCHIAT JI Int. J. Law Psychiatr. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 27 IS 3 BP 265 EP 279 DI 10.1016/j.ijlp.2004.03.004 PG 15 WC Law; Psychiatry SC Government & Law; Psychiatry GA 830FV UT WOS:000222108100006 PM 15177994 ER PT J AU Bahei-El-Din, YA Rajendran, AM Zikry, MA AF Bahei-El-Din, YA Rajendran, AM Zikry, MA TI A micromechanical model for damage progression in woven composite systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE woven composites; micromechanics; damage; transformation field analysis ID TRANSFORMATION FIELD ANALYSIS; FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITES; FABRIC COMPOSITES; PERIODIC MICROSTRUCTURE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TEXTILE COMPOSITES; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; FAILURE; IMPACT; MATRIX AB Damage progression in woven composites is modeled for multiscale analysis of structures. The proposed model is a representative volume element (RVE) of the woven material, derived from micrographs. In principle, it is applicable to any woven system with periodic fiber placement; however, the focus in this paper is on 3D weaves. The domain and boundary conditions of the RVE are selected such that the model can serve as a repository for predicting the overall behavior under general, multiaxial stress states. The overall response due to applied stress, or strain, and local damage is evaluated by a transformation field analysis (TFA) scheme. Damage mechanisms observed under quasi-static and impact loads are implemented. This includes matrix cracking, frictional sliding and debonding of the fiber bundles, and fiber rupture. The local stress components affected by the active damage modes are removed or reduced by superimposing a transformation stress field on the elastic field caused by the overall loads in the undamaged material. This results in a local stress field that is within the affordable local strength magnitudes, and an overall transformation stress, which modifies the elastic estimate. Implementation of the material model in quasi-static and dynamic finite element procedures is discussed, and examples, which illustrate the model capabilities, are presented. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Campus Box 7910, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM yabaheie@unity.ncsu.edu RI Rajendran, Arunachalam/A-1615-2010 NR 42 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 3 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 EI 1879-2146 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 41 IS 9-10 BP 2307 EP 2330 DI 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2003.12.006 PG 24 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 809XY UT WOS:000220670600006 ER PT J AU Nambiar, MP Juang, YT Krishnan, S Tsokos, GC AF Nambiar, MP Juang, YT Krishnan, S Tsokos, GC TI Dissecting the molecular mechanisms of TCR zeta chain downregulation and T cell signaling abnormalities in human systemic lupus erythematosus SO INTERNATIONAL REVIEWS OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE systemic lupus erythematosus; T cell receptor; signaling; gene transcription; ubiquitination; gene therapy ID ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; DECREASED EXPRESSION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; MITOCHONDRIAL HYPERPOLARIZATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; MEMBRANE DOMAINS; GENOME SCAN; PROTEIN; LYMPHOCYTES; PHOSPHORYLATION AB Abnormal expression of key signaling molecules and defective function of T lymphocytes play a significant role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Probing on altered expression of genes that may predispose to SLE revealed that the expression of TCR zeta chain is defective in the majority of SLE patients. Current research has been directed towards understanding the molecular basis of TCR zeta chain deficiency and dissecting the T cell signalling abnormalities in SLE T cells. Latest developments suggest that interplay of abnormal transcriptional factor expression, aberrant mRNA processing/editing, unbiquitination, proteolysis, and the effects of oxidative stress as well as changes in chromatin structure invariably contribute to TCR zeta chain deficiency in SLE T cells. On the other hand, multiple factors, including altered receptor structure, modulation of membrane clustering, lipid-raft distribution of signaling molecules, and defective signal silencing mechanisms, play a key role in delivering the increased TCR/CD3-mediated intracellular calcium response in SLE T cells. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Bldg 503,Room 1A32,503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM gtsokos@usuhs.mil FU NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR39501]; PHS HHS [R01 A142269] NR 58 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0883-0185 J9 INT REV IMMUNOL JI Int. Rev. Immunol. PD MAY-AUG PY 2004 VL 23 IS 3-4 BP 245 EP 263 DI 10.1080/08830180490452602 PG 19 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 827BI UT WOS:000221872800003 PM 15204087 ER PT J AU Tenbrock, K Tsokos, GC AF Tenbrock, K Tsokos, GC TI Transcriptional regulation of Interlekin 2 in SLE T cells SO INTERNATIONAL REVIEWS OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE cAMP response element modulator; AP-1; NF-kappa B; NFAT; IL-2 promoter; CD28 ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; PROTEIN-KINASE-A; NF-KAPPA-B; LYMPHOCYTE SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; INTERLEUKIN-2 GENE; IL-2 PRODUCTION; CYCLIC-AMP; MOLECULAR REGULATION; THE-180 SITE; CROSS-TALK AB Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a central cytokine required for the activation of T, B, and NK cells. It propagates the immune response and terminates it by promoting the activation induced cell death of T cells. IL-2 production is altered in T cells of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The consequence of reduced IL-2 production in SLE is decreased immune response to infectious agents. Decreased IL-2 production by SLE T cells is the result of transcriptional repression of the IL-2 gene. This article will review the defective transcription regulation of IL-2 in SLE T cells, which is the result of decreased expression of the enhancers NF-kappaB and AP1 and the increased expression of the transcriptional repressor CREM. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), 503 Robert Grant Ave,Bldg 503,Rm 1A32, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM gtsokos@usuhs.mil FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01-AI49954, R01-AI42269] NR 70 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0883-0185 J9 INT REV IMMUNOL JI Int. Rev. Immunol. PD MAY-AUG PY 2004 VL 23 IS 3-4 BP 333 EP 345 DI 10.1080/08830180490452558 PG 13 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 827BI UT WOS:000221872800008 PM 15204092 ER PT J AU Rangsin, R Chiu, J Khamboonruang, C Sirisopana, N Eiumtrakul, S Brown, AE Robb, M Beyrer, C Ruangyuttikarn, C Markowitz, LE Nelson, KE AF Rangsin, R Chiu, J Khamboonruang, C Sirisopana, N Eiumtrakul, S Brown, AE Robb, M Beyrer, C Ruangyuttikarn, C Markowitz, LE Nelson, KE TI The natural history of HIV-1 infection in young Thai men after seroconversion SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV infection progression; Thailand; natural history of HIV-1; HIV-1 subtype E (CRF01_AE); HIV-1 infection survival ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; VIRUS TYPE-1 INFECTION; VIRAL LOAD; RAPID PROGRESSION; SEX WORKERS; RNA LEVELS; AIDS; SURVIVAL; SUBTYPE; COHORT AB The natural history and progression of HIV-1 infection in Thailand and other developing countries in Asia and Africa have not been well defined. Nevertheless, valid data are needed to evaluate the effects of interventions, which are designed to delay progression. We evaluated the progression to AIDS and death in 235 men who seroconverted during their 2 years of service in the Royal Thai Army. The men were conscripted at age 21 and seroconverted within a 6-month window during follow-up while in the military. The seroconverters were matched with men who were seronegative when discharged. Of the HIV-positive men, 156 (66.4%) were alive, 77 (32.8%) had died, and 2 (0.8%) could not be located 5-7 years after their seroconversion and discharge from the military. The 5-year survival rate was 82.3%; the median times to clinical AIDS and a CD4(+) cell count of <200/muL was 7.4 years and 6.9 years, respectively. The mortality rate was 56.3 deaths per 1000 patient-years for HIV-positive men and 6.1 deaths per 1000 patient-years for HIV-negative men. Our data suggest a more rapid progression to AIDS and death after HIV-1 infection in young men in Thailand than has been reported for similarly aged cohorts in developed countries. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Phramongkutklao Coll Med, Dept Mil & Community Med, Bangkok, Thailand. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Bangkok, Thailand. Chiang Mai Univ, Res Inst Hlth Sci, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. Royal Thai Army, Army Inst Pathol, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Nelson, KE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 615 N Wolfe St,Room E-7132, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM kenelson@jhsph.edu FU FIC NIH HHS [D43TW0010] NR 37 TC 36 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 36 IS 1 BP 622 EP 629 DI 10.1097/00126334-200405010-00011 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 817KX UT WOS:000221177500011 PM 15097306 ER PT J AU Bolonkin, A AF Bolonkin, A TI Hypersonic gas-rocket launcher of high capacity SO JBIS-JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH INTERPLANETARY SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT World Space Congress CY OCT 10-19, 2002 CL Houston, TX DE hypersonic launcher; space launcher; gas rocket AB The present contribution describes a hypersonic gas rocket that uses tube walls as a container for moving compressed air. Burn programmes (fuel injections) are suggested that enable the internal tube components to be used as a rocket. A long tube (up to 0.4-0.8 km) is located in the sea and provides mobility and serves as an aiming device. Relatively inexpensive oxidizer and fuel are used (compressed air or gaseous oxygen and kerosene). When a projectile crosses the Earth's atmosphere with an angle of more then 15(0), then the loss of speed and the weight of the required thermal protection system are small. The research shows that the launcher can give a projectile a speed of up to 5-8 km/sec. The proposed launcher can deliver up to 85,000 tons of payload to space annually at a cost of one to two dollars per pound of payload. The launcher can also deliver about 500 tons of mail or express parcels per day over continental distances, and can be used as an energy station and accumulator. During war, this launch system could deliver military munitions to targets thousands to tens of thousands of kilometers away from the launch site. C1 NASA, NRC, Brooklyn, NY 11229 USA. RP Bolonkin, A (reprint author), USA, NRC, Eglin AFB, FL USA. EM aBolonkin@juno.com NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU BRITISH INTERPLANETARY SOC PI LONDON PA 27-29 S LAMBETH RD, LONDON SW8 1SZ, ENGLAND SN 0007-084X J9 JBIS-J BRIT INTERPLA JI JBIS-J. Br. Interplanet. Soc. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 57 IS 5-6 BP 162 EP 172 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology GA 810NY UT WOS:000220712200001 ER PT J AU Jackson, KE Fasanella, EL AF Jackson, KE Fasanella, EL TI NASA Langley Research Center Impact Dynamics Research Facility research survey SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 44th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference CY APR 07-10, 2003 CL NORFOLK, VA SP AIAA, ASME, ASCE, AHS, ASC ID COMPOSITE FUSELAGE CONCEPT; SIMULATION; HELICOPTER; MODEL C1 NASA, USA, Res Lab, Langley Res Ctr,Vehicle Technol Directorate, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Jackson, KE (reprint author), NASA, USA, Res Lab, Langley Res Ctr,Vehicle Technol Directorate, Mail Stop 495, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. NR 77 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 41 IS 3 BP 511 EP 522 DI 10.2514/1.3082 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 828OC UT WOS:000221981600009 ER PT J AU Sonna, LA Wenger, CB Flinn, S Sheldon, HK Sawka, MN Lilly, CM AF Sonna, LA Wenger, CB Flinn, S Sheldon, HK Sawka, MN Lilly, CM TI Exertional heat injury and gene expression changes: a DNA microarray analysis study SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heat stroke; exercise; peripheral blood mononuclear cells; genomics ID SHOCK PROTEINS; HUMAN-LEUKOCYTES; STRESS-PROTEIN; EXERCISE; STROKE; HYPERTHERMIA; INTERFERON; HEATSTROKE; MORTALITY; TOLERANCE AB This study examined gene expression changes associated with exertional heat injury (EHI) in vivo and compared these changes to in vitro heat shock responses previously reported by our laboratory. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) RNA was obtained from four male Marine recruits (ages 17-19 yr) who presented with symptoms consistent with EHI, core temperatures ranging from 39.3 to 42.5degreesC, and elevations in serum enzymes such as creatine kinase. Controls were age- and gender-matched Marines from whom samples were obtained before and several days after an intense field-training exercise in the heat ("The Crucible"). Expression analysis was performed on Affymetrix arrays (containing similar to12,600 sequences) from pooled samples obtained at three times for EHI group (at presentation, 2-3 h after cooling, and 1-2 days later) and compared with control values (average signals from two chips representing pre- and post-Crucible samples). After post hoc filtering, the analysis identified 361 transcripts that had twofold or greater increases in expression at one or more of the time points assayed and 331 transcripts that had twofold or greater decreases in expression. The affected transcripts included sequences previously shown to be heat-shock responsive in PBMCs in vitro (including both heat shock proteins and non-heat shock proteins), a number of sequences whose changes in expression had not previously been noted as a result of in vitro heat shock in PBMCs (including several interferon-induced sequences), and several nonspecific stress response genes (including ubiquitin C and dual-specificity phosphatase-1). We conclude that EHI produces a broad stress response that is detectable in PBMCs and that heat stress per se can only account for some of the observed changes in transcript expression. The molecular evidence from these patients is thus consistent with the hypothesis that EHI can result from cumulative effects of multiple adverse interacting stimuli. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Directorate Primary Care, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Sonna, LA (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM larry.sonna@na.amedd.army.mil FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-64104] NR 32 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 5 BP 1943 EP 1953 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00886.2003 PG 11 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 810XM UT WOS:000220737000048 PM 14978005 ER PT J AU Morrill, JA Jensen, RE Madison, PH Chabalowski, CF AF Morrill, JA Jensen, RE Madison, PH Chabalowski, CF TI Prediction of the formulation dependence of the glass transition temperatures of amine-epoxy copolymers using a QSPR based on the AM1 method SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND COMPUTER SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURE-PROPERTY RELATIONSHIP; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT POLYMERS; METHACRYLATE POLYMERS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; FORCE-FIELD; MODEL; NETWORKS; RESINS; CURE; DESCRIPTORS AB A designer Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship, based upon molecular properties calculated using the AM1 semiempirical quantum mechanical method, was developed to predict the glass transition temperature of amine-cured epoxy resins based on the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A. The QSPR(R-2 = 0.9977) was generated using the regression analysis program, COmprehensive DEscriptors for Structural and Statistical Analysis. By applying an ad hoc treatment based on the elementary probability theory to the quantitative structure-property relationship analysis a method was developed for computing bulk polymer glass transition temperatures for stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric monomeric formulations. A model polymer was synthesized and found to validate our model predictions. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, AMSRL,WM,BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jmorrill@arl.army.mil NR 36 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0095-2338 J9 J CHEM INF COMP SCI JI J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 912 EP 920 DI 10.1021/ci030290d PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Chemistry; Computer Science GA 823JQ UT WOS:000221608000015 PM 15154757 ER PT J AU Thiem, VD Sethabutr, O von Seidlein, L Van Tung, T Canh, DG Chien, BT Tho, LH Lee, H Houng, HS Hale, TL Clemens, JD Mason, C Trach, DD AF Thiem, VD Sethabutr, O von Seidlein, L Van Tung, T Canh, DG Chien, BT Tho, LH Lee, H Houng, HS Hale, TL Clemens, JD Mason, C Trach, DD TI Detection of Shigella by a PCR assay targeting the ipaH gene suggests increased prevalence of shigellosis in Nha Trang, Vietnam SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENTEROINVASIVE ESCHERICHIA-COLI; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; DYSENTERY PATIENTS; FLEXNERI; INVASION; FECES; AMPLIFICATION; SENSITIVITY; INFECTIONS; DIAGNOSIS AB Shigella spp. are exquisitely fastidious gram-negative organisms which frequently escape detection by traditional culture methods. To get a more complete understanding of the disease burden caused by Shigella in Nha Trang, Vietnam, real-time PCR was used to detect Shigella DNA. Randomly selected rectal swab specimens from 60 Shigella culture-positive patients and 500 Shigella culture-negative patients detected by population-based surveillance of patients seeking care for diarrhea were processed by real-time PCR. The target of the primer pair is the invasion plasmid antigen H gene sequence (ipaH), carried by all four Shigella species and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli. Shigella spp. could be isolated from the rectal swabs of 547 of 19,206 (3%) patients with diarrhea. IpaH was detected in 55 of 60 (93%) Shigella culture-positive specimens, whereas it was detected in 87 of 245 (36%) culture-negative patients free of dysentery (P < 0.001). The number of PCR cycles required to detect a PCR product was highest for culture-negative, nonbloody diarrheal specimens (mean number of cycles to detection, 36.6) and was lowest for children with culture-positive, bloody diarrheal specimens (mean number of cycles, 25.3) (P < 0.001). The data from real-time PCR amplification indicate that the culture-proven prevalence of Shigella among patients with diarrhea may underestimate the prevalence of Shigella infections. The clinical presentation of shigellosis may be directly related to the bacterial load. C1 Int Vaccine Inst, Seoul 15188, South Korea. Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Hanoi, Vietnam. Inst Pasteur, Nha Trang, Vietnam. Hlth Serv Off Khanh Hoa, Nha Trang, Vietnam. US Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP von Seidlein, L (reprint author), Int Vaccine Inst, San 4-8 Bongcheon 7 Dong, Seoul 15188, South Korea. EM lseidlein@ivi.int OI MASON, CARL/0000-0002-3676-2811 NR 19 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 42 IS 5 BP 2031 EP 2035 DI 10.1128/JCM.42.5.2031-2035.2004 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 820XU UT WOS:000221424100026 ER PT J AU Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Frazier, RM Thaler, GT Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Zavada, JM Wilson, RG AF Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Frazier, RM Thaler, GT Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Zavada, JM Wilson, RG TI Optical and electrical properties of AlGaN films implanted with Mn, Co, or Cr SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 45th Electronic Materials Conference CY 2003 CL Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT HO Univ Utah DE AlGaN; implantation; Mn; Co; Cr ions ID MOLECULAR-BEAM-EPITAXY; MAGNETIC ALLOY SEMICONDUCTORS; VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; GAN FILMS; LOCAL-STRUCTURE; N-GAN; GAMNN; BAND; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; FERROMAGNETISM AB The electrical and optical properties of undoped n-AIGaN films with Al mole fraction close to x = 0.4 were studied before and after implantation of 3 X 1016 cm(-2) 250-keV Mn, Co, and Cr ions. The electrical properties of the virgin samples are shown to be dominated by deep donors with the level near E-c-0.25 eV and concentration of about 2 X 10(18) cm(-3). The microcathodoluminescence (MCL) spectra of the virgin samples were dominated by two strong defect bands at 2.5 eV and 3.7 eV After implantation, the resistivity of the implanted films increased but could not be accurately measured because of the shunting influence of the unimplanted portions of the films. Their resistivity was increased by more than an order of magnitude compared to the virgin samples because of the compensation by defects coming from the implanted layer during the post-implantation annealing. The absorption and luminescence spectra of the implanted samples were dominated by two strong bands near 2 eV and 3.5 eV. The latter are attributed to the electron transitions from the Mn, Co, or Cr acceptors to the conduction band. C1 Inst Rare Met, Moscow 119017, Russia. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Inst Rare Met, Moscow 119017, Russia. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu RI Smirnov, Nickolai/K-8935-2015 OI Smirnov, Nickolai/0000-0002-4993-0175 NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 EI 1543-186X J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 33 IS 5 BP 384 EP 388 DI 10.1007/s11664-004-0188-5 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 818MQ UT WOS:000221249600002 ER PT J AU Buyanova, IA Izadifard, M Storasta, L Chen, WM Kim, J Ren, F Thaler, G Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Pan, CC Chen, GT Chyi, JI Zavada, JM AF Buyanova, IA Izadifard, M Storasta, L Chen, WM Kim, J Ren, F Thaler, G Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Pan, CC Chen, GT Chyi, JI Zavada, JM TI Optical and electrical characterization of (Ga,Mn)N/InGaN multiquantum well light-emitting diodes SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 45th Electronic Materials Conference CY 2003 CL Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT HO Univ Utah DE (Ga,Mn)N/InGaN; multiquantum well (MQW); molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); light-emitting diode (LED) ID MOLECULAR-BEAM-EPITAXY; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SPIN INJECTION; SEMICONDUCTOR SPINTRONICS; DOPED GAN; FERROMAGNETISM; FILMS AB (Ga,Mn)N/lnGaN multiquantum well (MQW) diodes were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The current-voltage characteristics of the diodes show the presence of a parasitic junction between the (Ga,Mn)N and the n-GaN in the top contact layer due to the low conductivity of the former layer. Both the (Ga,Mn)N/InGaN diodes and control samples without Mn doping show no or very low (up to 10% at the lowest temperatures) optical (spin) polarization at zero field or 5 T, respectively. The observed polarization is shown to correspond to the intrinsic optical polarization of the InGaN MQW, due to population distribution between spin sublevels at low temperature, as separately studied by resonant optical excitation with a photon energy lower than the bandgap of both the GaN and (Ga,Mn)N. This indicates efficient losses in the studied structures of any spin polarization generated by optical spin orientation or electrical spin injection. The observed vanishing spin injection efficiency of the spin light-emitting diode (LED) is tentatively attributed to spin losses during the energy relaxation process to the ground state of the excitons giving rise to the light emission. C1 Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Natl Cent Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu RI Chen, Weimin/J-4660-2012; Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013; Buyanova, Irina/A-8924-2015; Chyi, Jen-Inn/A-1799-2016 OI Chen, Weimin/0000-0002-6405-9509; Buyanova, Irina/0000-0001-7155-7103; NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 33 IS 5 BP 467 EP 471 DI 10.1007/s11664-004-0204-9 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 818MQ UT WOS:000221249600018 ER PT J AU Kolkebeck, T Abbrescia, K Pfaff, J Glynn, T Ward, JA AF Kolkebeck, T Abbrescia, K Pfaff, J Glynn, T Ward, JA TI Calcium chloride before IV diltiazem in the management of atrial fibrillation SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE atrial fibrillation; atrial flutter; diltiazem; pre-treatment; calcium ID VERAPAMIL-INDUCED HYPOTENSION; LEFT-VENTRICULAR FUNCTION; INTRAVENOUS DILTIAZEM; FLUTTER; INFUSION; NIFEDIPINE; REVERSAL; EFFICACY; DIGOXIN; SAFETY AB Diltiazem is commonly used to treat atrial fibrillation or flutter (AFF) with rapid ventricular response (RVR). Although it is very effective for rate control, up to an 18% prevalence of reported diltiazem-induced hypotension [defined by systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 90 mm Hg], and a mean of 9.7% hypotension have been reported from several studies totaling over 450 patients. This hypotension may complicate therapy. Our objective was to determine if calcium chloride (CaCl2) pre-treatment would blunt a SBP drop after i.v. diltiazem, while allowing diltiazem to maintain its efficacy. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted. Seventy-eight patients with AFF and a ventricular rate of &GE; 120 beats per minute were enrolled. Half received i.v. CaCl2 pre-treatment; the other half received placebo. All patients then received i.v. diltiazem in a standard, weight-based dose. A second dose of CaCl2 pre-treatment or placebo and diltiazem was given if clinically indicated for additional rate control. Both CaCl2 and placebo pre-treatment groups had equal lowering of heart rate (p < 0.001). There were no adverse events in the calcium pre-treatment study arm. One patient in the placebo group became paradoxically more tachycardic and apneic after the diltiazem infusion. Although i.v. CaCl2 seems to be equally safe compared to placebo as a pre-treatment in the management of AFF with RVR, we were unable to find a statistically significant blunting of SBP drop with CaCl2 i.v. pre-treatment. Until further research determines a benefit exists, we cannot recommend i.v. CaCl2 pre-treatment before diltiazem in the treatment of AFF with RVR. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, 959th Surg Operat Squadron, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Kolkebeck, T (reprint author), 19611 Encino Knoll, San Antonio, TX 78259 USA. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0736-4679 J9 J EMERG MED JI J. Emerg. Med. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 26 IS 4 BP 395 EP 400 DI 10.1016/j.jemermed.2003.12.020 PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 813XC UT WOS:000220938800002 PM 15093843 ER PT J AU Ram, JL Ritchie, RP Fang, JW Gonzales, FS Selegean, JP AF Ram, JL Ritchie, RP Fang, JW Gonzales, FS Selegean, JP TI Sequence-based source tracking of Escherichia coli based on genetic diversity of beta-glucuronidase SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; DISCRIMINANT-ANALYSIS; FECAL POLLUTION; WATER; POPULATIONS; BACTERIA; O157-H7; K-12; 2A AB High levels of fecal bacteria are a concern for recreational waters; however, the source of contamination is often unknown. This study investigated whether direct sequencing of a bacterial gene could be utilized for detecting genetic differences between bacterial strains for microbial source tracking. A 525-nucleotide segment of the gene for P-glucuronidase (uidA) was sequenced in 941 Escherichia coli isolates from the Clinton River-Lake St. Clair watershed, 182 E. coli isolates from human and animal feces, and 34 E. coli isolates from a combined sewer. Environmental isolates exhibited 114 alleles in 11 groups on a genetic tree. Frequency of strains from different genetic groups differed significantly (p < 0.03) between upstream reaches (Bear Creek-Red Run), downstream reaches, and Lake St. Clair beaches. Fecal E. coli uidA sequences exhibited 81 alleles that overlapped with the environmental set. An algorithm to assign alleles to different host sources averaged approximately 75% correct classification with the fecal data set. Using the same algorithm, the percent of environmental isolates assignable to humans decreased significantly between Bear Creek-Red Run (30 +/- 3%) and the beaches (17 +/- 2%) (p < 0.05). Birds accounted for approximately 50% of assignable environmental isolates. For combined sewer isolates, the same algorithm assigned 51% to humans. These experiments demonstrate differences in the frequency of different E. coli strains at different locations in a watershed, and provide a "proof in principle" that sequence-based data can be used for microbial source tracking. C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Physiol, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Detroit, MI 48226 USA. RP Ram, JL (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Physiol, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. EM jeffram@med.wayne.edu NR 42 TC 31 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 33 IS 3 BP 1024 EP 1032 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 822BK UT WOS:000221509200028 PM 15224940 ER PT J AU Anderson, J Nelson, J Reynolds, C Ringelberg, D Tepper, G Pestov, D AF Anderson, J Nelson, J Reynolds, C Ringelberg, D Tepper, G Pestov, D TI Steady-state and frequency-domain lifetime measurements of an activated molecular imprinted polymer imprinted to dipicolinic acid SO JOURNAL OF FLUORESCENCE LA English DT Article DE molecular imprinted polymer; dipicolinic acid; frequency-domain; time-resolved fluorescence; steady-state ID SPORES AB We recently demonstrated the synthesis and fluorescence activity associated with an optical detector incorporating a molecular imprinted polymer (MIP). Steady-state and time-resolved ( lifetime) fluorescence measurements were used to characterize the binding activity associated with MIP microparticles imprinted to dipicolinic acid (DPA). DPA is a unique biomarker associated with the sporulation phase of endospore-forming bacteria. Vinylic monomers were polymerized in a dimethylformamide solution containing DPA as a template. The resulting MIP was then pulverized and sorted into small microscale particles. Tests were conducted on replicate samples of biologically active cultures representing both vegetative stationary phase and sporulation phase of Bacillus subtilis in standard media. Samplers were adapted incorporating the MIP particles within a dialyzer cartridge (500 MW). The permeability of the dialyzer membrane permitted diffusion of lighter molecular weight constituents from microbial media effluents to enter the dialyzer chamber and come in contact with the MIP. Results showed dramatic (10-fold over background) steady-state fluorescence changes ( as a function of excitation, emission and intensity) for samples associated with high endospore biomass ( DPA), and a frequency-domain lifetime of 5.3 ns for the MIP - DPA complex. C1 USA, ERDC TEC, Fluorescence Spect Lab, Alexandria, VA 23415 USA. USA, ERDC, CRREL, Hanover, NH USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA USA. RP Anderson, J (reprint author), USA, ERDC TEC, Fluorescence Spect Lab, 7701 Telegraph Rd, Alexandria, VA 23415 USA. EM john.anderson@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 9 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1053-0509 J9 J FLUORESC JI J. Fluoresc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 14 IS 3 BP 269 EP 274 DI 10.1023/B:JOFL.0000024558.68095.27 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 813TA UT WOS:000220928200005 PM 15615208 ER PT J AU Hite, JE Stockstill, RL AF Hite, JE Stockstill, RL TI Hydraulic design of a longitudinal culvert for lock filling and emptying systems SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE culverts; locks; US Army Corps of Engineers; inland waterways AB The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is planning navigation improvements for many projects to meet predicted increases ill tow traffic. Some of these improvements include the addition or replacement of the navigation lock. Innovative design and construction techniques are being investigated to try and reduce construction costs as well as operation and maintenance costs. The Corps identified that a savings in lock construction Could be achieved if the conventional concrete gravity lock walls with culverts inside them Could be replaced with thin walls and longitudinal culverts located inside the chamber. This culvert design was designated the In-Chamber Longitudinal Culvert System (ILCS). An extensive research effort led to the development of the ILCS design. This paper provides a brief summary of the research results and the accompanying design guidance developed for low to medium lift ILCS locks. The guidance includes culvert location; port size, location, and spacing; port extensions; culvert-roof overhang; and wall baffles. Lock chamber performance characteristics, based on acceptable filling and emptying operations determined using a laboratory model, are also presented. The ILCS is a feasible design based on the hydraulic performance determined from the investigation. C1 USA, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Hite, JE (reprint author), USA, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD MAY PY 2004 VL 130 IS 5 BP 381 EP 388 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2004)130:5(381) PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 814MZ UT WOS:000220980100001 ER PT J AU Fleming, M Neary, V AF Fleming, M Neary, V TI Continuous hydrologic modeling study with the hydrologic modeling system SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID WATERSHED MODELS; SOIL-MOISTURE; PRECIPITATION; CALIBRATION; VALIDATION; RAINFALL; RADAR; GIS AB The development of model parametrization methodologies using geographic information systems is becoming increasingly important in hydrologic modeling applications, especially given the continued trend of comprehensive and readily available geospatial databases. This paper discusses the development of parametrization and calibration methodologies for the 12-parameter soil moisture accounting (SMA) algorithm recently added to the Hydrologic Modeling System (HMS) program by the Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC). The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Nashville District, is considering HMS as a tool for continuous hydrologic simulation in the Cumberland River basin. The study demonstrates that parameters for a complex soil moisture accounting model can be derived from publicly available geographic information system (GIS) databases and that the use of seasonal or multiparameter sets improves model performance. Only one of the seven parameters estimated using GIS databases was varied during model calibration. Parameter values after model calibration, including four parameters estimated using historic streamlow records, deviated from estimated values by an average of 37%. Model performance indicates that the developed parametrization and calibration methodologies work well when applied to the test watershed and should be applicable to other watersheds in the Cumberland River basin. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Hydrol Engn Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. RP Fleming, M (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Hydrol Engn Ctr, 609 2nd St, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 34 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 7 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 9 IS 3 BP 175 EP 183 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2004)9:3(175) PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 814EY UT WOS:000220959200002 ER PT J AU Wang, RB Epstein, J Charoenvit, Y Baraceros, FM Rahardjo, N Gay, T Banania, JG Chattopadhyay, R de la Vega, P Richie, TL Tornieporth, N Doolan, DL Kester, KE Heppner, DG Norman, J Carucci, DJ Cohen, JD Hoffman, SL AF Wang, RB Epstein, J Charoenvit, Y Baraceros, FM Rahardjo, N Gay, T Banania, JG Chattopadhyay, R de la Vega, P Richie, TL Tornieporth, N Doolan, DL Kester, KE Heppner, DG Norman, J Carucci, DJ Cohen, JD Hoffman, SL TI Induction in humans of CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cell and antibody responses by sequential immunization with malaria DNA and recombinant protein SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; MHC CLASS-II; HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; VACCINIA VIRUS ANKARA; EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; PLASMID DNA; SPOROZOITE VACCINE; KNOWLESI MALARIA; EFFICACY AB Vaccine-induced protection against diseases like malaria, AIDS, and cancer may require induction of Ag-specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cell and Ab responses in the same individual. In humans, a recombinant Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP) candidate vaccine, RTS,S/adjuvant system number 2A (AS02A), induces T cells and Abs, but no measurable CD8+ T cells by CTL or short-term (ex vivo) IFN-gamma ELISPOT assays, and partial short-term protection. P. falciparum DNA vaccines elicit CD8+ T cells by these assays, but no protection. We report that sequential immunization with a PfCSP DNA vaccine and RTS,S/AS02A induced PfCSP-specific Abs and Th1 CD4(+) T cells, and CD8(+) cytotoxic and Tc1 T cells. Depending upon the immunization regime, CD4(+) T cells were involved in both the induction and production phases of PfCSP-specific IFN-gamma responses, whereas, CD8(+) T cells were involved only in the production phase. IFN-gamma mRNA up-regulation was detected in both CD45RA(-)(CD45RO(+)) and CD45RA(+)CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell populations after stimulation with PfCSP peptides. This finding suggests CD45RA(+) cells function as effector T cells. The induction in humans of the three primary Ag-specific adaptive immune responses establishes a strategy for developing immunization regimens against diseases in desperate need of vaccines. C1 US Med, Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. GlaxoSmithKline, Rixensart, Belgium. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Vical Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Hoffman, SL (reprint author), Sanaria Inc, 12111 Parklawn Dr, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM slhoffman@sanaria.com RI Richie, Thomas/A-8028-2011; Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011; Doolan, Denise/F-1969-2015 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802; NR 44 TC 78 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 172 IS 9 BP 5561 EP 5569 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 814ZJ UT WOS:000221012300051 PM 15100299 ER PT J AU Madden, KB Yeung, KA Zhao, AP Gause, WC Finkelman, FD Katona, IM Urban, JF Shea-Donohue, T AF Madden, KB Yeung, KA Zhao, AP Gause, WC Finkelman, FD Katona, IM Urban, JF Shea-Donohue, T TI Enteric nematodes induce stereotypic STAT6-dependent alterations in intestinal epithelial cell function SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADULT NIPPOSTRONGYLUS-BRASILIENSIS; ION-TRANSPORT ABNORMALITIES; MAST-CELLS; TRICHINELLA-SPIRALIS; HELIGMOSOMOIDES-POLYGYRUS; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; CYTOKINE REGULATION; PARASITIC NEMATODE; RAT JEJUNUM AB Infection with gastrointestinal nematodes exerts profound effects on both the immune and physiological responses of the host. We showed previously that the Th2 cytokines, IL-4 and IL-13, induce STAT6-dependent changes in intestinal epithelial cell permeability, absorption, and secretion that are similar to those observed in a secondary infection with Heligmosomoides polygyrus. In the current study we investigated whether nematode-induced effects on epithelial cell function were 1) generic, 2) dependent upon STAT6, and 3) attributable to direct effects on the epithelial cells themselves or mediated by effects on enteric nerves. Our results demonstrate that infection of BALB/c mice with three different gastrointestinal nematodes (H. polygyrus, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, and Trichinella spiralis) alters intestinal epithelial cell function by decreasing resistance, glucose absorption, and secretory responses to 5-hydroxytryptamine and acetylcholine, two critical mediators in the submucosal reflex pathway. These modified responses are dependent on STAT6 and are the result of both direct effects and indirect effects mediated through enteric nerves. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Nutr Requirements & Funct Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Med, Cincinnati, OH 45220 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45220 USA. RP Shea-Donohue, T (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Nutr Requirements & Funct Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM tshea@usuhs.mil OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI049316, R01AI/DK49316]; PHS HHS [R01A135987-06] NR 43 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 172 IS 9 BP 5616 EP 5621 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 814ZJ UT WOS:000221012300057 PM 15100305 ER PT J AU Jones, JW Turell, MJ Sardelis, MR Watts, DM Coleman, RE Fernandez, R Carbajal, F Pecor, JE Calampa, C Klein, TA AF Jones, JW Turell, MJ Sardelis, MR Watts, DM Coleman, RE Fernandez, R Carbajal, F Pecor, JE Calampa, C Klein, TA TI Seasonal distribution, biology, and human attraction patterns of culicine mosquitoes (Diptera : Culicidae) in a forest near Puerto Almendras, Iquitos, Peru SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Culicidae; distribution; mosquito ecology; Amazon Basin; Peru ID EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; ARTHROPOD-BORNE VIRUSES; ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; RIBEIRA VALLEY; AMAZON REGION; BRAZIL; RONDONIA; STATE; PAULO; AREA AB This study was conducted as part of a field ecology study of arboviral activity in the Amazon Basin, Peru, to determine the taxonomy, frequency, seasonal, and vertical distributions of potential mosquito vectors. In addition, the relative efficiency of human-landing collections and dry ice-baited Centers for Disease Control (CDC)-type light traps was determined for collecting mosquitoes. A total of 70 species of mosquitoes from 14 genera were collected from June 1996 through December 1997 at a forested site near Puerto Almendras, approximate to20 km west-southwest of Iquitos, Peru. Three species [Psorophora (Janthinosoma) albigenu (Peryassu), Ochlerotatus (Ochlerotatus) fulvus (Wiedemann), and Ochlerotatus (Ochlerotatus) serratus (Theobald)] accounted for 70% of all mosquitoes captured in human-landing collections. Overall, biting activity occurred throughout the 24-h cycle but was higher during the daytime, primarily because of large populations of two day-biting species, Ps. albigenu and Oc. serratus. Oc. fulvus was active throughout the 24-h cycle but was more frequently collected during the evening: Oc: fulvus, Ps. albigenu, Culex (Melanoconion) pedroi Sirivanakarn & Belkin, and a mixture of Culex (Melanoconion.) vomerifer Komp, and Culex (Melanoconion) gnomatos Sallum, Huchings & Ferreira, accounted for 73% of the mosquitoes captured during darkness by human collectors. In general, Ochlerotatus spp. and Psorophora spp. were more commonly captured in human-landing collections, whereas most Culex spp. were more frequently collected in the dry ice-baited CDC-type light traps. In general, mosquito populations were lowest from June through August when river levels were at their lowest. Two large population peaks occurred in November-December and in February-March as a result of "flood water" mosquito populations (e.g., Ps. albigenu). These data provide a better understanding of the taxonomy, population density, and seasonal distribution of potential mosquito vectors within the Amazon Basin region and allow for the development of appropriate vector and disease prevention strategies. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Virol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Turell, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Virol Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM michael.turell@det.amedd.army.mil NR 38 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 41 IS 3 BP 349 EP 360 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-41.3.349 PG 12 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 820SI UT WOS:000221409200012 PM 15185935 ER PT J AU Wilkerson, RC Reinert, JF Cong, L AF Wilkerson, RC Reinert, JF Cong, L TI Ribosomal DNA ITS2 sequences differentiate six species in the Anopheles crucians complex (Diptera : Culicidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anopheles crucians; internal transcribed spacer two; species complex; malaria ID INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACERS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; GAMBIAE COMPLEX; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; MALARIA VECTOR; MOSQUITO; FLORIDA; TRANSMISSION; COUNTY; RDNA AB Anopheles crucians Wiedemann (sensu lato) was investigated for the presence of cryptic species using rDNA ITS2 sequences. This complex of species presently contains the named species An. crucians, An. bradleyi King, and An. georgianus King. Adult female mosquitoes were collected at 28 sites in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, Mississippi, and Louisiana, resulting in 245 progeny broods. Species were identified using preliminary morphological characters, and the internal transcribed spacer two (ITS2) was amplified from all broods. The result was five distinct sizes of amplification product, and based on morphological characters, one of the size classes was suspected to consist of two species. All six putative species were then sequenced: five directly, and the sixth, because of extreme intragenomic (each individual with many variants) size variability, cloned. The ITS2 sequences were markedly distinct for all six species. Species designations and ITS2 sequence lengths (base pairs in parentheses) were A (461), B (1,000+), C (204), D (293), E (195), and An. bradleyi (208). Species B showed both large intraspecific and intragenomic sequence variability and is distinguished by having the longest ITS2 found so far in an Anopheles. Based on these data, we found that all species could be identified with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a mixture of four primers in a single reaction. Members of this complex were often found in sympatry, with the adults of five species collected at a single site in central Florida. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Wilkerson, RC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM wilkerson.richard@msc.si.edu NR 43 TC 40 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 7 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 41 IS 3 BP 392 EP 401 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-41.3.392 PG 10 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 820SI UT WOS:000221409200017 PM 15185940 ER PT J AU Klun, JA Strickman, D Rowton, E Williams, J Kramer, M Roberts, D Debboun, M AF Klun, JA Strickman, D Rowton, E Williams, J Kramer, M Roberts, D Debboun, M TI Comparative resistance of Anopheles albimanus and Aedes aegypti to N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (Deet) and 2-methylpiperidinyl-3-cyclohexen-1-carboxamide (AI3-37220) in laboratory human volunteer repellent assays SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide; insect repellent; (1S,2 ' S)-2-methylpiperidinyl-3-cyclohexen-1-carboxamide ID EFFICACY AB The insect repellents N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (beet) and the racemate and 1S,2'S stereoisomer of 2-methylpiperidinyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxamide (AI3-37220) were tested against Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann and Aedes aegypti (L.) in laboratory human-volunteer assays. Estimated skin doses of Deet or racemic AI3-37220 required to reduce biting by 95% in Ae. aegypti were 2.3 and 3.5 x 10(-2) mumol/cm(2) skin, respectively, whereas estimated doses for 95% bite reduction of An. albintanus in an approximate to40-yr-old laboratory colony established from El Salvador were 5 times higher at 12 x 10(-2) mumol Deet/cm(2) skin and >20 x 10(-2) mumol/cm(2) skin for AI3-37220. In tests with the 1S,2'S stereoisomer of AI3-37220, a newly established colony of An. albimanus from Belize bit less aggressively than El Salvador An. albimanus. However, the Belize-derived mosquitoes were as resistant as the old El Salvador colony to repellent effects of 1S,2'S stereoisomer of 2-methylpiperidinyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxamide. Earlier workers surmised that usual skin doses of Deet would offer only limited protection against An. albintanus in the field. Our findings support this speculation, but they also indicate that doses of Deet higher than those needed for protection against Ae. aegypti might offer reasonable protection against An. albimanus. Results indicate that neither racemate nor 1S,2'S stereoisomer of 2-methylpiperidinyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxamide offer as much protection as Deet against An. Albimanus, despite being highly effective against Ae. aegypti. C1 USDA ARS, PSI, Chem Affect Insect Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Div Commun Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USDA ARS, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Ft McPherson, GA 30330 USA. RP Klun, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, PSI, Chem Affect Insect Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RI Rowton, Edgar/A-4474-2012; Rowton, Edgar/A-1975-2011 OI Rowton, Edgar/0000-0002-1979-1485 NR 18 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 41 IS 3 BP 418 EP 422 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-41.3.418 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 820SI UT WOS:000221409200021 PM 15185944 ER PT J AU Debboun, M Wagman, J AF Debboun, M Wagman, J TI In vitro repellency of N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide and N,N-diethylphenylacetamide analogs against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi (Diptera : culicidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE in vitro; analogs; DEET; DEPA; repellents ID N,N-DIETHYL-M-TOLUAMIDE DEET ANALOGS; MOSQUITO REPELLENT; INSECT REPELLENTS; EFFICACY; BITES AB Seventeen analogs of the repellent compounds N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) and N,N-diethylphenylacetamide (DEPA) were evaluated in vitro for repellency against laboratory-reared Aedes aegypti (L.) and Anopheles stephensi Liston mosquitoes by using a modified membrane blood feeding test system. The system was a valuable tool for comparing the effective concentrations of the repellent analogs. Additionally, this method used easily controlled test conditions, allowing completion of the many test replications necessary to evaluate all of the repellent analogs over a period of several years. One compound, N,N-diethyl-2-[3-(trifiouromethyl)phenyl] acetamide, provided significantly better repellency than DEET against Ae. aegypti and slightly improved efficacy against An. stephensi. Eight of the analogs were as effective as or slightly more repellent than DEET against both species. Seven analogs were less effective than DEET and one compound, N,N-diethyl-3-hydroxybenzamide, was as a poor repellent. Overall, two DEPA analogs and a single DEET analog provided better repellency than DEET against both mosquito species and warrant future laboratory and field evaluation. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Debboun, M (reprint author), USA, Army Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Ft McPherson, GA 30330 USA. NR 21 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 41 IS 3 BP 430 EP 434 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-41.3.430 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 820SI UT WOS:000221409200023 PM 15185946 ER PT J AU Romoser, WS Wasieloski, LP Pushko, P Kondig, JP Lerdthusnee, K Neira, M Ludwig, GV AF Romoser, WS Wasieloski, LP Pushko, P Kondig, JP Lerdthusnee, K Neira, M Ludwig, GV TI Evidence for arbovirus dissemination conduits from the mosquito (Diptera : Culicidae) midgut SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE arbovirus; mosquito; midgut; basal lamina; tracheae ID RIFT-VALLEY FEVER; EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; AEDES-TRISERIATUS DIPTERA; LA-CROSSE-VIRUS; CULEX-PIPIENS; ALPHAVIRUS VECTORS; INSECT; TRANSMISSION; EXPRESSION AB The mechanism by which arboviruses bypass the basal lamina of mosquito midgut cells and enter the body cavity has been unclear. Experiments using Venezuelan equine encephalitis viral replicon particles, which express the green fluorescent protein gene in cells, indicate the operation of tissue conduits, possibly involving tracheae and visceral muscles, that facilitate virus movement through the basal lamina. Ultrastructural studies of the midgut reveal evidence for possible complete penetration of the basal lamina by tracheal cells and regions of modified basal lamina associated with visceral muscle. The modified basal lamina closely resembles proventricular matrix material known to allow virus passage. C1 Ohio Univ, Trop Dis Inst, Dept Biomed Sci, Coll Osteopath Med, Athens, OH 45701 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. US AMC, AFRIMS, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Romoser, WS (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Trop Dis Inst, Dept Biomed Sci, Coll Osteopath Med, Athens, OH 45701 USA. RI Neira Oviedo, Marco/C-5706-2009 NR 39 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 41 IS 3 BP 467 EP 475 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-41.3.467 PG 9 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 820SI UT WOS:000221409200029 PM 15185952 ER PT J AU Clark, CL Baur, DA AF Clark, CL Baur, DA TI Management of mentalis muscle dysfunction after advancement genioplasty: A case report SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Baur, DA (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, COL Baur,300 E Hosp Rd,Bldg 300,1st Floor, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM dale.baur@se.amedd.army.mil NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 62 IS 5 BP 611 EP 613 DI 10.1016/j.joms.2003.06.017 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 816WG UT WOS:000221139400017 PM 15122569 ER PT J AU Lin, DL Kirk, KL Murphy, KP McHale, KA Doukas, WC AF Lin, DL Kirk, KL Murphy, KP McHale, KA Doukas, WC TI Evaluation of orthopaedic injuries in operation enduring freedom SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA LA English DT Article DE combat; military; trauma; orthopaedics; musculoskeletal injuries ID OPEN FRACTURES; DESERT-SHIELD; AMPUTATIONS; STORM AB Orthopaedic injuries constitute a majority of the combat casualties in recent U.S. military conflicts. Orthopaedic injuries sustained in Operation Enduring Freedom from December 2001 to January 2003 that were treated in forward-deployed military medical facilities and evacuated to a U.S. army medical center were reviewed. The spectrum of injuries included open fractures, amputations, neurovascular, and soft-tissue injuries. Forty-four patients (85%) received treatment beyond local wound care prior to arrival at a military medical center. Debridement and irrigation was the most commonly performed procedure due to the contaminated nature of these combat injuries. There were no infections among patients with open fractures, and no patients with external fixators had pin tract infections. None of the open fracture patients underwent primary internal fixation or primary wound closure. The average time from injury to wound coverage of the open fracture wounds was 12 days. Two amputations were infected and were treated with revision and delayed wound closure. There were no primary amputations done at our institution due to infection or ischemia. All arterial injuries underwent urgent revascularization in a field hospital. None of the arterial repairs required revision after evacuation to a medical center. Operation Enduring Freedom has been an excellent example of how early and aggressive intervention in a forward-deployed area has a significant effect on rehabilitative and reconstructive efforts at a rear echelon tertiary care center. C1 USA, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20902 USA. RP Lin, DL (reprint author), USA, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, 10800 Drawbridge Ct, Silver Spring, MD 20902 USA. EM david.lin@na.amedd.army.mil NR 13 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0890-5339 J9 J ORTHOP TRAUMA JI J. Orthop. Trauma PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 BP 300 EP 305 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 818NW UT WOS:000221252800006 PM 15105752 ER PT J AU Miller, MS Anderson, WR AF Miller, MS Anderson, WR TI Burning-rate predictor for multi-ingredient propellants: Nitrate-ester propellants SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article ID COMBUSTION AB The theoretical capability to predict the burning rate of real propellants from their ingredients would be an invaluable aid to formulating new propellants. Despite progress over the last decade on a very few simple ingredients, such as cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), and a few simple binary mixtures, no general capability of this sort exists today. This shortcoming is not due to insufficient computational resources, but to a lack of understanding of fundamental combustion mechanisms in the condensed phase and surface/gas interface for typical propellant ingredients and their mixtures. This difficult problem is likely to remain intractable for some time to come. It is demonstrated that our previously published semi-empirical formalism for single ingredients can be successfully extended to treat multi-ingredient propellants. In particular, the study is confined to nitrate-ester propellants (using M10, M2, M9, and JA2 as examples). However, the method should also be applicable to other classes of homogeneous propellants and even composite propellants where mixing of ingredients in a surface melt layer or sufficiently small particle sizes remove the multidimensional character. The method treats the gas-phase processes on the level of elementary reactions and multicomponent transport. A semi-empirical pyrolysis law coupled with informed estimates of the decomposition products of the condensed phase enables us to finesse the absence of knowledge of the detailed processes occurring in the condensed phase and at the burning surface. Results of a computer code, CYCLOPS, based on this approach, show that both the burning rate and flame structure are well predicted for a series of four U.S. Army gun propellants. C1 USA, Res Lab, Prop Sci Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Miller, MS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Prop Sci Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 20 IS 3 BP 440 EP 454 DI 10.2514/1.10386 PG 15 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 820VW UT WOS:000221418700007 ER PT J AU Moon, MG Taft, R Robinson, R Marrero, R AF Moon, MG Taft, R Robinson, R Marrero, R TI A tracheostomy obturator for a patient with hereditary angioneurotic edema SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID C1 INHIBITOR CONCENTRATE; VALVE RETAINER; SPEECH REHABILITATION; LARYNGECTOMY PATIENT; ANGIO-EDEMA; PROSTHESIS; DEFICIENCY; MANAGEMENT; THERAPY AB This article describes a technique for fabrication of a custom tracheostomy obturator for a patient with hereditary angioneurotic edema and a permanent tracheostoma. The impression technique and fabrication of a custom tracheostoma valve retainer for a laryngectomy patient closely mirrors the technique used for fabricating a tracheostomy obturator. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Maxillofacial Prosthet, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Natl Dent Ctr, Dept Maxillofacial Prosthet, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. RP Moon, MG (reprint author), 1219 Cartley Court, Woodbine, MD 21797 USA. EM marty.moon@na.amedd.army.mil NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 91 IS 5 BP 494 EP 498 DI 10.1016/j.prosdent.2004.02.010 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 822IC UT WOS:000221531500016 PM 15153859 ER PT J AU Ocel, J DesRoches, R Leon, RT Hess, WG Krumme, R Hayes, JR Sweeney, S AF Ocel, J DesRoches, R Leon, RT Hess, WG Krumme, R Hayes, JR Sweeney, S TI Steel beam-column connections using shape memory alloys SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE beam columns; steel; connections; semi-rigid; shape memory effect; seismic design; cyclic tests ID CYCLIC DEFORMATION; COMPRESSION; TENSION AB This study evaluates the feasibility of a new class of partially restrained connections using shape memory alloys. In the martensitic form, shape memory alloys (SMAs) have the ability to recover large residual deformations by heating the alloy above its transformation temperature. The proposed connection consists of four large diameter NiTi SMA bars connecting the beam flange to the column flange and serve as the primary moment transfer mechanism. Two full-scale connections were tested using the SAC loading protocol. The connections exhibited a high level of energy dissipation, large ductility capacity, and no strength degradation after being subjected to cycles up to 4% drift. Following the initial testing series, the tendons were heated to recover the residual beam tip displacement. After initiating the shape memory effect within the tendons, the connections were retested, displaying repeatable and stable hysteretic behavior. An additional test was performed under dynamic loading to examine the strain rate effects on the performance of the connection. The dynamic tests showed similar behavior, except for a decrease in energy dissipation capacity when compared to the quasi-static tests. C1 Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30318 USA. KPFF Consulting Engineers, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. E Sorbs Syst, Berkeley, CA 94708 USA. USA, Ctr Res & Dev, Seism & Struct Engn Grp, CERL, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. RP DesRoches, R (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, 500 Pillsbury Dr SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM reginald.desroches@ce.gatech.edu RI DesRoches, Reginald /F-5875-2011 NR 25 TC 85 Z9 87 U1 5 U2 19 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9445 J9 J STRUCT ENG-ASCE JI J. Struct. Eng.-ASCE PD MAY PY 2004 VL 130 IS 5 BP 732 EP 740 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:5(732) PG 9 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 814FF UT WOS:000220959900005 ER PT J AU Cheng, JRC Plassmann, PE AF Cheng, JRC Plassmann, PE TI A parallel particle tracking framework for applications in scientific computing SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING LA English DT Article DE particle tracking; parallel computing; scientific computing; repartitioning strategy; three-dimensional; unstructured mesh; distributed memory AB Particle tracking methods are a versatile computational technique central to the simulation of a wide range of scientific applications. In this paper, we present a new parallel particle tracking framework for the applications of scientific computing. The framework includes the "in-element" particle tracking method, which is based on the assumption that particle trajectories are computed by problem data localized to individual elements, as well as the dynamic partitioning of particle-mesh computational systems. The ultimate goal of this research is to develop a parallel in-element particle tracking framework capable of interfacing with a different order of accuracy of ordinary differential equation (ODE) solver. The parallel efficiency of such particle-mesh systems depends on the partitioning of both the mesh elements and the particles; this distribution can change dramatically because of movement of the particles and adaptive refinement of the mesh. To address this problem we introduce a combined load function that is a function of both the particle and mesh element distributions. We present experimental results that detail the performance of this parallel load balancing approach for a three-dimensional particle-mesh test problem on an unstructured, adaptive mesh, and demonstrate the ability of interfacing with different ODE solvers. C1 USA, MSRC, ERDC, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Cheng, JRC (reprint author), USA, MSRC, ERDC, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM ruth.c.cheng@erdc.usace.army.mil; plassman@cse.psu.edu NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8542 J9 J SUPERCOMPUT JI J. Supercomput. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 28 IS 2 BP 149 EP 164 DI 10.1023/B:SUPE.0000020175.26125.c1 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 804CE UT WOS:000220276000003 ER PT J AU Waibel, KH Katial, RK AF Waibel, KH Katial, RK TI Serum sickness-like reaction and bupropion SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Letter ID DISORDER C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Allergy & Immunol Serv, Ft Gordon, GA USA. Natl Jewish Med & Res Ctr, Div Allergy & Immunol, Denver, CO USA. RP Waibel, KH (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Allergy & Immunol Serv, Ft Gordon, GA USA. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0890-8567 J9 J AM ACAD CHILD PSY JI J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatr. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 43 IS 5 BP 509 EP 509 DI 10.1097/01.chi.0000127470.59052.0f PG 1 WC Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry GA 815AI UT WOS:000221014800001 PM 15100554 ER PT J AU Bastille, AM Matthew, CB Gonzalez, RR Sils, IV Hoyt, RW AF Bastille, AM Matthew, CB Gonzalez, RR Sils, IV Hoyt, RW TI Application of heart rate variability to determine physiologic changes in hypothermic rats SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hypothermia; physiological monitoring; heart rate; central control of cardiac frequency; autonomic nervous system; Rattus sp. ID AUTONOMIC NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; HUMANS; WAVE AB Time domain and power spectral density (PSD) analyses of ECG were used as indices of physiologic change in telemetry-equipped hypothermic rats. Anesthetized rats were either cooled (Hypo, Tc = 20degreesC) and then rewarmed or maintained normothermic (NC). Heart rate, blood pressure, interbeat interval (1131), normalized standard deviation (NSD) and PSD were determined. NSD in Hypo rats was significantly elevated at Tc = 30degreesC which was coincident with the transition from increasing to decreasing HR and BP during cooling. With no change in PSD at Tc = 30degreesC, the increased NSD suggests physiological events lacking an autonomic nervous system origin. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Res Inst Environm & Med, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Res Inst Environm & Med, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Bastille, AM (reprint author), USA, Res Inst Environm & Med, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Bldg 42,Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM amy.bastille@na.amedd.army.mil NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD MAY-JUL PY 2004 VL 29 IS 4-5 BP 237 EP 243 DI 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2004.02.007 PG 7 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 843MB UT WOS:000223086900006 ER PT J AU Ciraulo, DL Frykberg, ER Feliciano, DV Knuth, TE Richart, CM Westmoreland, CD Williams, KA AF Ciraulo, DL Frykberg, ER Feliciano, DV Knuth, TE Richart, CM Westmoreland, CD Williams, KA TI A survey assessment of the level of preparedness for domestic terrorism and mass casualty incidents among eastern association for the surgery of trauma members SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual Meeting of the Eastern-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY JAN 15-18, 2003 CL FT MYERS, FL SP Eastern Assoc Surg Trauma DE mass casualty incident; weapons of mass destruction; domestic terrorism; preparedness; eastern association for the surgery of trauma ID HOSPITAL PREPAREDNESS; BIOLOGICAL TERRORISM; WEAPONS; HEALTH AB Objective: The goal of this survey was to establish a benchmark for trauma surgeons' level of operational understanding of the command structure for a prehospital incident, a mass casualty incident (MCI), and weapons of mass destruction (WMD). The survey was distributed before the World Trade Center destruction on September 11, 2001. Methods: The survey was developed by the authors and reviewed by a statistician for clarity and performance. The survey was sent to the membership of the 2000 Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma spring mailing, with two subsequent mailings and a final sampling at the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma 2001 meeting. Of 723 surveys mailed, 243 were returned and statistically analyzed (significance indicated by p < 0.05). Results: No statistical difference existed between level of designation of a trauma center (state or American College of Surgeons) and a facility's level of preparedness for MCIs or WMD. Physicians in communities with chemical plants, railways, and waterway traffic were statistically more likely to work at facilities with internal disaster plans addressing chemical and biological threats. Across all variables, physicians with military training were significantly better prepared for response to catastrophic events. With the exception of cyanide (50%), less than 30% of the membership was prepared to manage exposure to a nerve agent, less than 50% was prepared to manage illness from intentional biological exposure, and only 73% understood and were prepared to manage blast injury. Mobile medical response teams were present in 46% of the respondents' facilities, but only 30% of those teams deployed a trauma surgeon. Approximately 70% of the membership had been involved in an MCI, although only 60% understood the command structure for a prehospital incident. Only 33% of the membership had training regarding hazardous materials. Of interest, 76% and 65%, respectively, felt that education about MCIs and WMD should be included in residency training. Conclusion: A facility's level of preparedness for MCIs or WMD was not related to level of designation as a trauma center, but may be positively influenced by local physicians with prior military background. Benchmark information from this survey will provide the architecture for the development and implementation of further training in these areas for trauma surgeons. C1 Univ Tennessee, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Chattanooga, TN 37403 USA. Univ Florida, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Jacksonville, FL 32209 USA. USA, Training Ctr, Miami, FL USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Grady Mem Hosp, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Ciraulo, DL (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Coll Med, Dept Surg, 979 E 3rd St,Suite B-401,Chattanooga Unit, Chattanooga, TN 37403 USA. EM cirauldl@erlanger.org NR 28 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2004 VL 56 IS 5 BP 1033 EP 1039 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000127771.06138.7D PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 824RH UT WOS:000221703200025 PM 15179243 ER PT J AU Jacobs, RN Stoltz, AJ Dinan, JH Salamanca-Riba, L AF Jacobs, RN Stoltz, AJ Dinan, JH Salamanca-Riba, L TI Characterization of a-Si : H resists for a vacuum-compatible photolithography process SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS-SILICON; THIN-FILMS; CRYSTALLIZATION; LITHOGRAPHY AB We report the characterization of amorphous hydrogenated silicon (a-Si: H) films for use as a dry photoresist, in a vacuum-compatible photolithography process. a-Si:H films are deposited, patterned via excimer laser exposure, and developed in a hydrogen plasma. Experiments on the effects of exposure environment and laser pulse energy density were carried out to determine the optimum conditions for the technique. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows the excimer-exposed a-Si:H surfaces to be polycrystalline in nature. The polycrystal line surfaces serve very well as an etching mask during plasma development, exhibiting etch selectivities over 600:1. Preliminary methods for reducing undesirable surface roughness at the exposed surfaces are also discussed. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. Univ Maryland, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Jacobs, RN (reprint author), USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM mjacobs@eng.umd.edu RI Salamanca-Riba, Lourdes/B-3785-2009 OI Salamanca-Riba, Lourdes/0000-0001-8155-6403 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 22 IS 3 BP 1141 EP 1144 DI 10.1116/1.1752906 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 835KI UT WOS:000222481400047 ER PT J AU Sampath, AV Garrett, GA Collins, CJ Boyd, P Choe, J Newman, PG Shen, H Wraback, M Molnar, RJ Caissie, J AF Sampath, AV Garrett, GA Collins, CJ Boyd, P Choe, J Newman, PG Shen, H Wraback, M Molnar, RJ Caissie, J TI Effect of Ga-rich growth conditions on the optical properties of GaN films grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st Meeting of the North American Conference on Molecular Beam Epitaxy (NAMBE 2003) CY SEP 28-OCT 02, 2003 CL Keystone, CO ID FLUX AB While it is well known that high quality III-nitride material is deposited by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA-MBE) only under III-rich conditions, the extent of III-flux required for optimal film growth is unclear. In this article, we focus on the dependence of the optical properties of the material on the III/V flux ratio. Specifically, we report on the photoluminescence (PL) intensity and the lifetime of photogenerated carriers in homoepitaxially grown GaN films, deposited under Ga-rich conditions, as a function of the Ga flux employed during growth. The samples investigated consist of similar to1.2 mum thick GaN films deposited homoepitaxially on similar to85 mum thick GaN templates grown by the hydride vapor phase epitaxy method. The films were deposited under Ga-rich conditions but without the formation of metal droplets. The Ga flux was varied from 0.89 to 1.0 x 10(-6) Torr while the N-plasma conditions (300 W, 0.6 sccm) were held constant. The intensity of the room temperature PL measured for films grown under intermediate flux (9.2 x 10(-7) Torr) conditions is observed to be 3.5-4 times brighter than what is seen for films grown under the lower (8.9 x 10(-7) Torr) and higher (1 x 10(-6) Torr) flux conditions. Similarly, the lifetime of photogenerated carriers, as measured by pump-probe time-resolved reflectivity, in films grown at the higher Ga flux was found to be similar to2 times smaller than that observed for films grown, at the intermediate flux. The dependence of the carrier lifetime on the density of photogenerated carriers in these films suggests that films grown under high flux conditions have a larger density of deep trap states. than films grown under intermediate conditions. These results can be explained by the formation of defects under Ga-rich growth conditions that suppress band-to-band recombination in these materials, and are important for the development of PA-MBE-grown optoelectronic devices. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. RP Sampath, AV (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EM, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM asampath@arl.army.mil NR 8 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 22 IS 3 BP 1487 EP 1490 DI 10.1116/1.1688359 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 835KI UT WOS:000222481400122 ER PT J AU Chakrabarti, S Stiff-Roberts, AD Bhattacharya, P Kennerly, SW AF Chakrabarti, S Stiff-Roberts, AD Bhattacharya, P Kennerly, SW TI Heterostructures for achieving large responsivity in InAs/GaAs quantum dot infrared photodetectors SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st Meeting of the North American Conference on Molecular Beam Epitaxy (NAMBE 2003) CY SEP 28-OCT 02, 2003 CL Keystone, CO ID PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; TEMPERATURE AB Quantum dot infrared photodetectors (QDIPs) offer normal-incidence detection, low dark current, high operating temperature, and multi-wavelength detection. In an effort to get better responsivity in QDIPs at higher operating temperatures, we have grown, fabricated, and characterized two different QDIP heterostructures. The first is a device with 70 quantum dot layers. As a result, the peak responsivity is measured to be 0.12 A/W for V-bias = 2.0V and T = 175K. The second device has ten layers of InAs quantum dots embedded in an AlAs/GaAs superlattice. As a result of the subsequent large dot density and increased carrier confinement, the peak responsivity is measured to be 2.5 A/W for V-bias = -1.5 V and T = 78 K. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Michigan, Solid State Elect Lab, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Chakrabarti, S (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Solid State Elect Lab, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM subho@engin.umich.edu NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 22 IS 3 BP 1499 EP 1502 DI 10.1116/1.1755709 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 835KI UT WOS:000222481400125 ER PT J AU Asthana, S Bhasin, S Butler, RN Fillit, H Finkelstein, J Harman, SM Holstein, L Korenman, SG Matsumoto, AM Morley, JE Tsitouras, P Urban, R AF Asthana, S Bhasin, S Butler, RN Fillit, H Finkelstein, J Harman, SM Holstein, L Korenman, SG Matsumoto, AM Morley, JE Tsitouras, P Urban, R TI Masculine vitality: Pros and cons of testosterone in treating the andropause SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; OLDER MEN; SERUM TESTOSTERONE; BODY-COMPOSITION; MUSCLE STRENGTH; YOUNG MEN; HEALTHY; CANCER; AGE; SUPPLEMENTATION C1 USA, Int Longev Ctr, New York, NY 10028 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Charles R Drew Univ Med & Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90059 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Kronos Longev Res Inst, Phoenix, AZ USA. Miraval Life Balance Resort, Tucson, AZ USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. St Louis Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. RP Butler, RN (reprint author), USA, Int Longev Ctr, 60 E 86th St, New York, NY 10028 USA. EM robertb@ilcusa.org; robertb@ilcusa.org RI morley, john/F-9177-2011 OI morley, john/0000-0001-6444-2965 NR 47 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 3 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 59 IS 5 BP 461 EP 465 PG 5 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 820TB UT WOS:000221411100010 PM 15123756 ER PT J AU Ndeta, GN Dickson, LA Asseffa, A Winston, AA Duffy, PE AF Ndeta, GN Dickson, LA Asseffa, A Winston, AA Duffy, PE TI Techniques for in vitro confirmation of reticulocyte invasion by the Plasmodium parasites SO LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS; FLUORESCENT DYE; MALARIA; VIVAX; BINDING; ERYTHROCYTE; MEROZOITES; FALCIPARUM; RECEPTOR; PROTEIN C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Ndeta, GN (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA SN 0007-5027 J9 LAB MED JI Lab. Med. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 35 IS 5 BP 298 EP 302 DI 10.1309/MCLYBW4K9HNFDLFR PG 5 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 815CU UT WOS:000221021200017 ER PT J AU Haus, JW Powers, P Bojja, P Torres-Cisneros, MT Scalora, M Bloemer, MJ Akozbek, N Meneses-Nava, MA AF Haus, JW Powers, P Bojja, P Torres-Cisneros, MT Scalora, M Bloemer, MJ Akozbek, N Meneses-Nava, MA TI Enhanced tunable terahertz generation in photonic band-gap structures SO LASER PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FAR-INFRARED RADIATION; OPTICAL RECTIFICATION; FEMTOSECOND PULSES; CARRIER; THZ AB We analyze a novel coherent source of millimeter-wavelength waves based on parametric down conversion in a photonic crystal. Our design is based on the band-edge or defect-mode field enhancement phenomena near a photonic hand gap. The numerical results show that a wide range of intensities and bandwidths of coherent radiation can he obtained as we vary either the number periods or the index contrast between layers of the crystal array. Calculations demonstrate narrow-band, continuous and tunable THz sources from sub-THz to more than 12 THz. C1 Univ Dayton, Electro Opt Program, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. US Army Aviat & Missile Command, AMSMI RD WS ST Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Weapons Sci Directorate, Huntsville, AL 35898 USA. Time Domain Corp, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. Ctr Invest & Opt, Opt Properties Matter Grp, Leon, Mexico. RP Haus, JW (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Electro Opt Program, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. EM Joseph.Haus@notes.udayton.edu RI Torres-Cisneros, Miguel/B-4969-2014 OI Torres-Cisneros, Miguel/0000-0002-2408-4945 NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTERPERIODICA PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 1831, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35201-1831 USA SN 1054-660X J9 LASER PHYS JI Laser Phys. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 14 IS 5 BP 635 EP 642 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 823FS UT WOS:000221596000003 ER PT J AU Sidorov-Biryukov, DA Fedotov, AB Konorov, SO Mitrokhin, VP Scalora, M Zheltikov, AM AF Sidorov-Biryukov, DA Fedotov, AB Konorov, SO Mitrokhin, VP Scalora, M Zheltikov, AM TI Photonic-crystal-fiber optical diode SO LASER PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GUIDANCE; PULSES AB Two cascaded hollow-core photonic-crystal fibers with slightly shifted, but still overlapping transmission peaks are shown to function as an optical diode. A short laser pulse with a spectrum falling within the passband of one of the fibers, but outside the passband of the second fiber, experiences spectral broadening due to self-phase modulation as it propagates through the first fiber. A part of its spectrum is then transmitted through the second fiber. An identical short pulse propagating in the opposite direction is blocked by the second fiber with a shifted passband. Such an optical diode can be employed to switch and decouple ultrashort laser pulses within a broad range of laser intensities, including high-intensity laser pulses. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Ctr Int Laser, Moscow 119992, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Weap Sci Directorate, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Sidorov-Biryukov, DA (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Ctr Int Laser, Vorobevy Gory, Moscow 119992, Russia. EM zheltikov@top.phys.msu.su NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERPERIODICA PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 1831, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35201-1831 USA SN 1054-660X J9 LASER PHYS JI Laser Phys. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 14 IS 5 BP 764 EP 766 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 823FS UT WOS:000221596000024 ER PT J AU Konorov, SO Fedotov, AB Beloglazov, VI Skibina, NB Scalora, M Vaselli, M Zheltikov, AM AF Konorov, SO Fedotov, AB Beloglazov, VI Skibina, NB Scalora, M Vaselli, M Zheltikov, AM TI Transmission of ultrashort pulses through hollow photonic-crystal fibers with passbands in the visible and infrared spectral ranges SO LASER PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COMPRESSION; PROPAGATION; GUIDANCE; LIGHT; AIR AB Hollow-core photonic-crystal fibers with passbands in the range of wavelengths from 0.4 to 2.0 mum are demonstrated. Changes in the envelope and the evolution of the spectral phase and the chirp of femtosecond pulses propagating through hollow photonic-crystal fibers are experimentally studied. Envelope and phase distortions of ultrashort pulses transmitted through such fibers are shown to be controlled by the detuning of the carrier frequency of laser pulses from the central frequency of the passband in the transmission of the fiber. Near the passband edges, which map the edges of photonic band gaps of the fiber cladding, ultrashort pulses transmitted through the fiber display considerable envelope distortions, as well as frequency- and time-dependent phase shifts. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Ctr Int Laser, Moscow 119992, Russia. Inst Technol & Proc Glass Struct, Saratov 410044, Russia. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Weap Sci Directorate, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. CNR, Area Ric, Ist Proc Chim Fisici, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. RP Konorov, SO (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Phys, Vorobevy Gory, Moscow 119992, Russia. EM zheltikov@top.phys.mus.su NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTERPERIODICA PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 1831, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35201-1831 USA SN 1054-660X J9 LASER PHYS JI Laser Phys. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 14 IS 5 BP 780 EP 784 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 823FS UT WOS:000221596000028 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI Ten days to D-Day: Citizens and soldiers on the eve of the invasion. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Blountstown, FL USA. RP Minyard, CM (reprint author), USA, Blountstown, FL USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 8 BP 124 EP 124 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 837VL UT WOS:000222669000116 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI Normandy: The real story; How ordinary allied soldiers defeated Hitler. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Blountstown, FL USA. RP Minyard, CM (reprint author), USA, Blountstown, FL USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 8 BP 124 EP 124 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 837VL UT WOS:000222669000117 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Two souls indivisible: The friendship that saved two POWs in Vietnam. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 8 BP 126 EP 126 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 837VL UT WOS:000222669000123 ER PT J AU Purfield, A Nelson, A Laoboonchai, A Congpuong, K McDaniel, P Miller, RS Welch, K Wongsrichanalai, C Meshnick, SR AF Purfield, A Nelson, A Laoboonchai, A Congpuong, K McDaniel, P Miller, RS Welch, K Wongsrichanalai, C Meshnick, SR TI A new method for detection of pfmdr1 mutations in Plasmodium falciparum DNA using real-time PCR SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; IN-VITRO; DRUG-RESISTANCE; MALARIA; ANTIMALARIALS; POLYMORPHISMS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CHLOROQUINE; SENSITIVITY; CULTURE AB Background: Surveillance for drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum should be a component of malaria control programmes. Real-time PCR methods for the detection of parasite single-nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs) and gene amplification could be useful survellance tools. Methods: A real-time PCR assay has been developed that identifies single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at amino acids 86, 184, 1034 and 1042 in the P. falciparum multi-drug resistant (pfmdr 1) gene that may be associated with anti-malarial drug resistance. Results: This assay has a sensitivity and specificity of 94% and 100% when compared to traditional PCR methods for genotyping. Only 54 of 68 (79%) paired pre- and post-culture DNA samples were concordant at all four loci. Conclusion: Real-time PCR is a sensitive and specific method to detect SNP's in pfmdr 1. Genotypes of parasites after in vitro culture may not reflect that seen in vivo. C1 Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Dis Control, Bur Vector Dis, Bangkok, Thailand. Kwai River Christian Hosp, Sangkhlaburi, Kanchanaburi, Thailand. USN, Med Res Unit, Jakarta, Indonesia. RP Meshnick, SR (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM purfield@med.unc.edu; apickard@email.unc.edu; Anintita.Laoboonchai@AMEDD.ARMY.MIL; Robert.Miller.2@amedd.army.mil; Robert.Miller.2@amedd.army.mil; Robert.Miller.2@amedd.army.mil; Robert.Miller.2@amedd.army.mil; chansuda@namru2.med.navy.mil; meshnick@unc.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [R23 AI054590] NR 17 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 3 AR 9 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-3-9 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 833TN UT WOS:000222362300004 PM 15132750 ER PT J AU Sodhi, RS Russell, K AF Sodhi, RS Russell, K TI Kinematic synthesis of planar four-bar mechanisms for multi-phase motion generation with tolerances SO MECHANICS BASED DESIGN OF STRUCTURES AND MACHINES LA English DT Article DE motion generation; multi-phase motion generation; planar mechanism; four-bar mechanism; rigid body tolerances ID RRSS MECHANISMS AB This article presents a new technique for synthesizing planar four-bar mechanisms to achieve phases of both precise rigid body positions and rigid body positions with tolerances. This method is an extension of the adjustable RRSS motion generation synthesis methods developed by the authors. (Russell, K., Sodhi R. S. (2001). Kinematic synthesis of adjustable RRSS mechanisms for multi-phase motion generation. Journal of Mechanism and Machine Theory 36:939-952; Russell K., Sodhi R. S. (2002). Kinematic synthesis of adjustable RRSS mechanisms for multi-phase motion generation with tolerances. Journal of Mechanism and Machine Theory 37:279-294.) By incorporating rigid body point tolerances in the rigid body displacement matrices and calculating mechanism fixed and moving pivot solution loci for the prescribed rigid body positions under the tolerance limits, circle and center point regions were calculated. The circle and center points for the crank and follower link solutions for the planar four-bar mechanism were selected from these regions. In this article, two-phase moving pivot adjustment problems with constant crank and follower lengths are considered. C1 New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. USA, Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Armaments Engn & Technol Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA. RP Sodhi, RS (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. EM sodhi@adm.njit.edu NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 1539-7734 J9 MECH BASED DES STRUC JI Mech. Based Des. Struct. Mech. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 32 IS 2 BP 215 EP 233 DI 10.1081/SME-120030559 PG 19 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 816KP UT WOS:000221109100005 ER PT J AU Alemany, JA Kellogg, MD Sharp, MA Tuckow, AP Staab, JS Patton, JF Nindl, BC AF Alemany, JA Kellogg, MD Sharp, MA Tuckow, AP Staab, JS Patton, JF Nindl, BC TI 24-hour serum testosterone concentrations following acute moderate and high-volume resistance exercise SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Military Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Military Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM joseph.alemany@na.amedd.amy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 1660 BP S238 EP S238 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188302263 ER PT J AU Alt, J Buckley, M Beekley, M Duffey, M Crowder, T AF Alt, J Buckley, M Beekley, M Duffey, M Crowder, T TI Effects of heavy loads during constant rate treadmill foot marching SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 USMA, W Point, NY USA. EM pj1669@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 1778 BP S261 EP S261 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188302373 ER PT J AU Arciero, PJ Pressman, RM Nindl, BC Vukovich, MD Ormsbee, MJ Santamore, J Stelle, C AF Arciero, PJ Pressman, RM Nindl, BC Vukovich, MD Ormsbee, MJ Santamore, J Stelle, C TI Enhanced insulin sensitivity and body composition following 12wk dietary and exercise interventions in obese subjects SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 Skidmore Coll, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866 USA. USA, RIEM, Military Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. S Dakota State Univ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EAS Inc, Golden, CO USA. EM parciero@skidmore.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 1688 BP S243 EP S243 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188302287 ER PT J AU Baker-Fulco, CJ Kellogg, MD Falco, CS Lammi, E Smith, TJ Lewis, SF Glickman, EL Young, AJ AF Baker-Fulco, CJ Kellogg, MD Falco, CS Lammi, E Smith, TJ Lewis, SF Glickman, EL Young, AJ TI Creatine supplementation does not affect voluntary muscle function during acute altitude exposure SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM carol.baker-fulco@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 0764 BP S109 EP S109 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188301083 ER PT J AU Bell, DG McLellan, TM Kamimori, GH AF Bell, DG McLellan, TM Kamimori, GH TI The effect of caffeine on military tasks during a night of sleep loss SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 DRDC Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM doug.bell@drdc-rdde.gc.ca NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 0140 BP S17 EP S17 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188300080 ER PT J AU Caine-Bish, NL Potkanowicz, ES Ottersletter, R Blegen, M Marcinkiewicz, J Kamimori, GH Glickman, EL AF Caine-Bish, NL Potkanowicz, ES Ottersletter, R Blegen, M Marcinkiewicz, J Kamimori, GH Glickman, EL TI Hormonal responses of sleep deprived males and females exposed to 12 degrees C for 180-min SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. NE Illinois Univ, Chicago, IL USA. Mt Union Coll, Alliance, OH 44601 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM ncaine@kent.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 0903 BP S130 EP S131 PG 2 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188301192 ER PT J AU Carlson, LA DeBruin, J Tuckow, AP Marelli, BS Headley, S AF Carlson, LA DeBruin, J Tuckow, AP Marelli, BS Headley, S TI Testosterone and cortisol responses following resistance exercise and carbohydrate supplementation SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 Castleton State Coll, Castleton, VA USA. Springfield Coll, Springfield, MA USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Hudson Falls Cent S Dist, Hudson Falls, NY USA. EM lara.carlson@castleton.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 2086 BP S303 EP S303 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188303155 ER PT J AU Cheatham, C Caine-Bish, N Blegen, M Potkanowicz, ES Kamimori, GH Marcinkiewicz, JL Otterstetter, R Kalinski, M Glickman, EL AF Cheatham, C Caine-Bish, N Blegen, M Potkanowicz, ES Kamimori, GH Marcinkiewicz, JL Otterstetter, R Kalinski, M Glickman, EL TI The effects of nicotine on the metabolic and hormonal responses during acute cold exposure SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM chris.cheatham@wmich.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 0902 BP S130 EP S130 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188301191 ER PT J AU Cooke, WH Carter, JR Pellegrini, GL Kovalenko, OA AF Cooke, WH Carter, JR Pellegrini, GL Kovalenko, OA TI No effect of resistance training on autonomic cardiovascular control SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM william.cooke@amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 2399 BP S354 EP S354 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188303399 ER PT J AU Crowder, TA Kidd, KJ Buckley, CM Smith, MH AF Crowder, TA Kidd, KJ Buckley, CM Smith, MH TI Body composition and lipoprotein assessment during a successful weight loss program of division one lineman SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 US Mil Acad, DPEs Ctr Phys Dev Excellence, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM pt1116@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 0538 BP S81 EP S82 PG 2 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188300385 ER PT J AU Darakjy, S Knapik, JJ Hauret, KG Canada, S Marin, RE Jones, BH AF Darakjy, S Knapik, JJ Hauret, KG Canada, S Marin, RE Jones, BH TI Comparison of injury incidence before and after foot marches in US army basic combat training SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 2111 BP S309 EP S309 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188303180 ER PT J AU DeGroot, D Cheuvront, SN Kolka, M Cadarette, BS Montain, SJ Sawka, MN AF DeGroot, D Cheuvront, SN Kolka, M Cadarette, BS Montain, SJ Sawka, MN TI Intermittent-regional microclimate cooling over active VS non-active muscle SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM dwd141@psu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 2135 BP S313 EP S313 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188303203 ER PT J AU Evans, RK Blankenship, KR Allison, SC Dinauer, PA Murphy, MM Harper, WH Ortega, SV AF Evans, RK Blankenship, KR Allison, SC Dinauer, PA Murphy, MM Harper, WH Ortega, SV TI Use of clinical measures, thermal imaging and MRI to characterize contusion of the anterior shoulder SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM rachel.evms@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 1404 BP S200 EP S200 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188302081 ER PT J AU Hagobian, T Jacobs, KA Subudhi, AW Fattor, JA Rock, PB Braun, B Brooks, GA Hoffman, AR Cymerman, A Friedlander, AL AF Hagobian, T Jacobs, KA Subudhi, AW Fattor, JA Rock, PB Braun, B Brooks, GA Hoffman, AR Cymerman, A Friedlander, AL TI Antioxidant supplementation does not attenuate the rise in IL-6 and C-reactive protein at 4300M elevation SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Palo Alto VA Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM hagobian@exscsi.umass.edu NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 0763 BP S108 EP S109 PG 2 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188301082 ER PT J AU Hauret, KG Knapik, JJ Darakjy, S Canada, S Marin, RE Scott, S Palkoska, F VanCamp, S Rieger, W AF Hauret, KG Knapik, JJ Darakjy, S Canada, S Marin, RE Scott, S Palkoska, F VanCamp, S Rieger, W TI Reduced injury risk in army basic combat training with a standardized physical training program SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. USA, Phys Fitness Sch, Ft Benning, GA USA. EM keith.hauret@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 2113 BP S309 EP S309 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188303182 ER PT J AU Jones, BH Darakjy, S Knapik, JJ AF Jones, BH Darakjy, S Knapik, JJ TI Aerobic fitness, body mass index and risk of injury during army basic combat training SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM Bruce.jones@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 2109 BP S308 EP S308 DI 10.1097/00005768-200405001-01477 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188303178 ER PT J AU Kambis, K Fulco, CS Friedlander, AL McQuaid, DB Jackson, CW Ickes, SB Muza, SR Rock, PB Cymerman, A AF Kambis, K Fulco, CS Friedlander, AL McQuaid, DB Jackson, CW Ickes, SB Muza, SR Rock, PB Cymerman, A TI Antioxidant supplementation alters mood state at altitude SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Palo Alto VA Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA. Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA USA. EM kwkamb@wm.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 0767 BP S109 EP S109 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188301086 ER PT J AU Kane, SF AF Kane, SF TI Inappropriately rapid heart rate in a college athlete-volleyball SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 USA, DeWitt Community Hosp, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. EM shawn.kane@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 0303 BP S44 EP S44 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188300209 ER PT J AU Knapik, J Darakjy, S Hauret, KG Canada, S Marin, R Scott, S Palkoska, F VanCamp, S Rieger, W Jones, B AF Knapik, J Darakjy, S Hauret, KG Canada, S Marin, R Scott, S Palkoska, F VanCamp, S Rieger, W Jones, B TI Effect of pre-conditioning on attrition, fitness, and injuries in army basic combat training SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. USA, Phys Fitness Sch, Ft Benning, GA USA. EM joseph.knapik@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 2108 BP S308 EP S308 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188303177 ER PT J AU Kovalenko, OA Cooke, WH AF Kovalenko, OA Cooke, WH TI No effect of menstrual phase on cardiovascular hemodynamic or autonomic responses to orthostatic stress SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM oakovale@mtu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 1460 BP S211 EP S211 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188302137 ER PT J AU Kraemer, WJ Hymer, WC Salada, T Volek, JS Nindl, BC VanHeest, JL French, DN Vescovi, JD Spiering, BA AF Kraemer, WJ Hymer, WC Salada, T Volek, JS Nindl, BC VanHeest, JL French, DN Vescovi, JD Spiering, BA TI Pituitary mapping: Influence of resistance training on growth hormone production in rats SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 Univ Connecticut, Human Performance Lab, Storrs, CT USA. Penn State Univ, Ctr Cell Res, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, RIEM, Military Performance Div, Natick, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 1662 BP S238 EP S238 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188302265 ER PT J AU McLellan, TM Bell, DG Kamimori, GH AF McLellan, TM Bell, DG Kamimori, GH TI The effect of caffeine on run timesto exhaustion at 85% VO2max following a night of sleep loss SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 DRDC Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM tom.mclellan@drdc-rddc.gc.ca NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 0141 BP S17 EP S17 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188300081 ER PT J AU Molloy, JM Smith, JW Pascoe, DD AF Molloy, JM Smith, JW Pascoe, DD TI Effect of a 14 day high intensity exercise protocol on heat acclimation responses SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 Baylor Univ, USA, Grad Program Phys Therapy, San Antonio, TX USA. Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM joseph.molloy@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 0569 BP S83 EP S83 DI 10.1097/00005768-200405001-00394 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188300392 ER PT J AU Moran, DS Pandolf, KB Heled, Y Shapiro, Y Gonzalez, RR AF Moran, DS Pandolf, KB Heled, Y Shapiro, Y Gonzalez, RR TI The role of wind velocity in the environmental stress index SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Heller Inst Med Res, Tel Hashomer, Israel. EM dmoran55@comcast.net NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 2149 BP S316 EP S316 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188303217 ER PT J AU Murphy, MM Evans, RK Nindl, BC Sheehan, KM Wade, CM Scoville, CR AF Murphy, MM Evans, RK Nindl, BC Sheehan, KM Wade, CM Scoville, CR TI Longitudinal relationship between physical activity and lumbar bone density in men and women aged 18-29 SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Natick, MA USA. NASA Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. EM michelle.murphy@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 2017 BP S290 EP S290 DI 10.1097/00005768-200405001-01390 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188303092 ER PT J AU Nindl, BC Tuckow, AP Alemany, JA Kellogg, MD Sharp, MA Young, AJ Mello, RP Patton, JF AF Nindl, BC Tuckow, AP Alemany, JA Kellogg, MD Sharp, MA Young, AJ Mello, RP Patton, JF TI IGF-I system responses following differing volumes of acute resistance and aerobic exercise SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Military Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Military Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM bradley.nindl@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 1663 BP S238 EP S239 PG 2 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188302266 ER PT J AU Richardson, MT Ruiz, R Hughes, CL Sipos, ML Williams, TJ AF Richardson, MT Ruiz, R Hughes, CL Sipos, ML Williams, TJ TI Self-reported exercise frequency predicts the accuracy of using a circumference test in senior military leaders SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 USA, Phys Fitness Res Inst, Carlisle, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 1784 BP S262 EP S262 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188302379 ER PT J AU Roby, JD AF Roby, JD TI Back injury - Ice skating SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 WAMC Family Practice Residency, Ft Bragg, NC USA. EM justin.roby@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 1596 BP S233 EP S233 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188302241 ER PT J AU Schiffman, JM Luchies, CW Hasselquist, L Norton, KP AF Schiffman, JM Luchies, CW Hasselquist, L Norton, KP TI Effects of muscle group and visual feedback on force control abilities SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Kansas, Dept Mech Engn, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 2351 BP S345 EP S345 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188303351 ER PT J AU Schmidt, MD Sulsky, SL Amoroso, PJ AF Schmidt, MD Sulsky, SL Amoroso, PJ TI Effectiveness of an external ankle brace in reducing parachute-related ankle injuries SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM mschmidt@schoolph.umass.ed NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 2127 BP S312 EP S312 DI 10.1097/00005768-200405001-01495 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188303196 ER PT J AU Smith, TJ Grediagin, A Kellogg, MD Muza, SR Friedlander, AL Cymerman, A Young, AJ AF Smith, TJ Grediagin, A Kellogg, MD Muza, SR Friedlander, AL Cymerman, A Young, AJ TI Salivary cortisol response in physically active males at high altitude (4300 M) SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA. EM tracey.smith@na.amedd.amy.mil NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 0759 BP S108 EP S108 DI 10.1097/00005768-200405001-00508 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188301078 ER PT J AU Stuempfle, K Case, S Lehmann, D Steven, C Evans, D Geraci, L Hughes, S Nindl, B Tuckow, A Kamimori, G AF Stuempfle, K Case, S Lehmann, D Steven, C Evans, D Geraci, L Hughes, S Nindl, B Tuckow, A Kamimori, G TI Stress hormone responses during an ultradistance race in the extreme cold SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 Gettysburg Coll, Gettysburg, PA 17325 USA. McDaniel Coll, Westminster, MD USA. Sitka Med Ctr, Sitka, AK USA. W Chester Univ, W Chester, PA 19380 USA. Alaska Native Med Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA. USARIEM, Natick, MA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 0899 BP S130 EP S130 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188301188 ER PT J AU Suby, JA Crowder, TA Moore, JH AF Suby, JA Crowder, TA Moore, JH TI Seasonal body composition changes in NCAA division I wrestlers SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM jason.suby@usma.edu NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 1442 BP S208 EP S208 DI 10.1097/00005768-200405001-00994 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188302119 ER PT J AU Tuckow, AP Nindl, BC Pandorf, CE Khosravi, MJ Diamandi, A Welles, R Jones, M Germain, M Headley, SA AF Tuckow, AP Nindl, BC Pandorf, CE Khosravi, MJ Diamandi, A Welles, R Jones, M Germain, M Headley, SA TI IGF-I system responses during 12 weeks of resistance training in end-stage renal disease patients SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA USA. Mt Sinai Hosp, Dept Lab Med & Pathobiol, Toronto, ON, Canada. Diagnost Syst Labs, Toronto, ON, Canada. Springfield Coll, Springfield, MA USA. Pioneer Valley Dialysis Ctr, W Springfield, MA USA. EM alexander.tuckow@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 2075 BP S301 EP S301 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188303144 ER PT J AU Webb, HE Fabianke, EC McWhorter, SK Kraemer, RR Kamimori, GH Castracane, VD Acevedo, EO AF Webb, HE Fabianke, EC McWhorter, SK Kraemer, RR Kamimori, GH Castracane, VD Acevedo, EO TI Effects of low-intensity exercise on stress HormoneDissapearance after a psychological stressor SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. SE Louisiana Univ, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. Diagnost Syst Labs Inc, Webster, TX USA. EM hwebb@olemiss.edu RI Webb, Heather/A-4219-2010 OI Webb, Heather/0000-0002-3925-9613 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 0994 BP S139 EP S139 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188301233 ER PT J AU Wilburn, JR AF Wilburn, JR TI Prediction of sprint distance triathlon performance from 150-yard swim and 2-mile run time trials SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 02-05, 2004 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 US Mil Acad, Ctr Phys Dev Excellence, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM pj4540@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 5 SU S MA 1408 BP S201 EP S201 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 913XG UT WOS:000228188302085 ER PT J AU Frohman, EM AF Frohman, EM TI Untitled SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 USA, St Louis, MO USA. RP Frohman, EM (reprint author), USA, St Louis, MO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 169 IS 5 BP IV EP IV PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IU UT WOS:000235829600002 ER PT J AU Cieslak, TJ Pavlin, JA Noah, DL Dire, DJ Stanek, SA Kortepeter, MG Jarrett, DG Pastel, RH Darling, RG Jacocks, JM Hurst, CG Richards, BA Eitzen, EM AF Cieslak, TJ Pavlin, JA Noah, DL Dire, DJ Stanek, SA Kortepeter, MG Jarrett, DG Pastel, RH Darling, RG Jacocks, JM Hurst, CG Richards, BA Eitzen, EM TI Military medical education: Nuclear, biological, and chemical medical defense training as a model for planners SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID STUDENTS C1 San Antonio Mil Pediat Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Bolling AFB, Off AF Surg Gen, Washington, DC USA. USA, Med Grp 5, Birmingham, AL USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. US FDA, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, Gaithersburg, MD USA. US Dept HHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Cieslak, TJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Ted.Cieslak@amedd.army.mil NR 10 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 169 IS 5 BP 337 EP 341 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IU UT WOS:000235829600003 PM 15185995 ER PT J AU Chaffin, JG Hennessy, BJ Cripps, KA AF Chaffin, JG Hennessy, BJ Cripps, KA TI Validity of using a panoramic radiograph for initial dental classification of army recruits SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the validity of classifying Initial Entry Training (IET) soldiers into dental fitness classification 2 or 3 based solely on examining panoramic radiographs. Materials and Methods: The dental readiness classification, derived from a clinical screening examination versus a panoramic radiological examination, was compared for 1,050 Fort Sill Basic Training recruits during a I-month period. The dentist who reviewed the panoramic radiograph and determined a dental classification was blinded to the earlier dental classification from the clinical examination. The Spearman's rank order correlation test was used to determine if a statistically significant correlation existed between classifications based on the clinical examination versus classification by review of the panoramic radiograph alone. Results: The project identified that 18% (n = 186) and 23.7% (n = 249) of the sample population had at least one class 3 condition identified from the clinical screening examination and the panoramic radiograph review, respectively. Of the 186 dental fitness category 3 conditions identified from the routine dental screening, 81.7% (152) of them were also identified from the review of the panoramic radiograph. Spearman's rank order correlation test statistic was 0.633 for a p < 0.001, indicating a statistically significant correlation in the identification of IET soldiers with class 3 conditions using a screening examination with a review of the panoramic radiograph. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that panoramic radiograph review can identify IET soldiers with dental fitness category 3 conditions and implies that a policy change may be prudent to allow this type of initial classification. C1 USA, Dent Command, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Comanche Adv Gen Dent Program, Ft Sill, OK 73503 USA. RP Chaffin, JG (reprint author), USA, Dent Command, 2050 Worth Rd,Suite 4, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 169 IS 5 BP 368 EP 372 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IU UT WOS:000235829600009 PM 15186001 ER PT J AU Veerappan, GR Mulhall, BP AF Veerappan, GR Mulhall, BP TI Forty-two-year-old active duty marine presents with hematemesis SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; C VIRUS-INFECTION; HEPATITIS-C; US MILITARY AB A 42-year-old active duty marine presented to the emergency room with hematemesis. This article describes the appropriate step-by-step management for this individual with an upper gastrointestinal bleed, and we discuss potential differential diagnoses and update readers on the current aspects of managing his final diagnosis. Through questions and discussions, we will cover various diagnostic modalities and management strategies related to this case and provide some insight on the military relevance of his final condition. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Veerappan, GR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 169 IS 5 BP 406 EP 409 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IU UT WOS:000235829600019 PM 15186011 ER PT J AU Bleiberg, J Cernich, AN Cameron, K Sun, WY Peck, K Ecklund, J Reeves, D Uhorchak, J Sparling, MB Warden, DL AF Bleiberg, J Cernich, AN Cameron, K Sun, WY Peck, K Ecklund, J Reeves, D Uhorchak, J Sparling, MB Warden, DL TI Duration of cognitive impairment after sports concussion SO NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Article ID MILD BRAIN-INJURY; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST-PERFORMANCE; HEAD-INJURY; FOOTBALL PLAYERS; ATTENTION DEFICITS; RECOVERY; EFFICIENCY; MIGRAINE; PROTOCOL; INDEXES AB OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the duration of cognitive impairment after sports concussion. METHODS: We conducted a study with a prospective design in which 729 athletes underwent preseason baseline testing by being administered a computerized neuropsychological test battery, followed by retesting at regular intervals after they sustained sports-related concussions. A control group consisting of nonconcussed athletes drawn from the same baseline population underwent testing at parallel intervals. RESULTS: Cognitive impairment in this primarily American Academy of Neurology Grade 11 sample of boxing concussions was apparent on the day of injury and at I to 2 days postinjury. Recovery of cognitive performance occurred during the 3- to 7-day interval. Comparison with control subjects showed that absent or attenuated practice effects, in addition to frank deterioration from baseline, were indications of recent concussion. CONCLUSION: The present findings of recovery during the 3- to 7-day interval postinjury are consistent with the American Academy of Neurology Grade 11 return-to-play practice parameters suggesting a I-week time-out from participation in contact sports. C1 Natl Rehabil Hosp, Washington, DC 20010 USA. US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Hosp, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Washington, DC USA. USN, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Bleiberg, J (reprint author), Natl Rehabil Hosp, 102 N Irving St,NW, Washington, DC 20010 USA. EM joseph.bleiberg@medstar.net OI Cameron, Kenneth/0000-0002-6276-4482 NR 36 TC 161 Z9 163 U1 0 U2 22 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-396X J9 NEUROSURGERY JI Neurosurgery PD MAY PY 2004 VL 54 IS 5 BP 1073 EP 1078 DI 10.1227/01.NEU.0000118820.33396.6A PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 819JA UT WOS:000221310000018 PM 15113460 ER PT J AU Crenshaw, ME AF Crenshaw, ME TI Quantum optics of dielectrics in momentum-space SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE dielectric; macroscopic quantization ID MICROSCOPIC APPROACH; POLARITONS AB The relationship of the Hopfield model of the electromagnetic field in a dielectric to Ginzburg's macroscopic quantization of the field is established from first principles. The diagonal Hopfield momentum-space Hamiltonian becomes equivalent to macroscopic quantization of the electromagnetic field upon substitution of photon energies (h) over bar omega for polariton eigenenergies (h) over bar omega(kv) in the polariton dispersion relation. The effect of this substitution is to eliminate the matter degrees of freedom in the good-cavity limit and to impose the rotating-wave and adiabatic-following approximations. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, RDECOM, Aviat & Missile RDEC, AMSRD AMR WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Crenshaw, ME (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, Aviat & Missile RDEC, AMSRD AMR WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM michael.crenshaw@us.army.mil NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 235 IS 1-3 BP 153 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.optcom.2004.02.060 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 813XW UT WOS:000220940800016 ER PT J AU Dubinskii, MA Merkle, LD AF Dubinskii, MA Merkle, LD TI Ultrahigh-gain bulk solid-state stimulated Brillouin scattering phase-conjugation material SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We report what is believed to be the first observation of phase conjugation by stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in TeO2 single crystal. The observed very low threshold for phase-conjugate mirror (PCM) formation, high PCM reflectivities in this initial experiment, and commercial availability of material hold promise for a host of practical applications in the near future. The resultant steady-state gain parameter, similar to100 cm/GW, is to our knowledge the largest ever reported for any SBS material. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE EO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Dubinskii, MA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE EO, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mdubinskiy@arl.army.mil NR 10 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 29 IS 9 BP 992 EP 994 DI 10.1364/OL.29.000992 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 815AW UT WOS:000221016200026 PM 15143651 ER PT J AU Hansen, K Maani, C AF Hansen, K Maani, C TI Blastomycosis presenting as a retropharyngeal abscess SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 LTC Karla Hansen, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Hansen, K (reprint author), LTC Karla Hansen, 300 Hosp Rd, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM Karla.Hansen@se.amedd.army.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 130 IS 5 BP 635 EP 638 DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2003.10.008 PG 4 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 820TG UT WOS:000221411600020 PM 15138433 ER PT J AU Shields, CH Johnson, S Knoll, J Chess, C Goldberg, D Creamer, K AF Shields, CH Johnson, S Knoll, J Chess, C Goldberg, D Creamer, K TI Sleep deprivation for pediatric sedated procedures: Not worth the effort SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE sleep deprivation; pediatric sedation; sedation failure ID CHLORAL HYDRATE; CHILDREN; ANESTHESIOLOGISTS; GUIDELINES; ANALGESIA; EFFICACY; SAFETY AB Objective. Sleep deprivation is commonly used to enhance the effectiveness of pediatric sedation and to decrease sedation failures. We reviewed our sedation database to evaluate the efficacy of sleep deprivation. Methods. The entire pediatric sedation unit database (n = 5640) was reviewed retrospectively. Patients without complete data sets were excluded. The remaining patients were separated into 2 groups: 3272 patients who underwent noninvasive procedures and 1210 who underwent invasive procedures. A subgroup of noninvasive procedure patients <2 years old (n = 1398) was also analyzed. The sedation failure rate (%) and nursing care hours for both sleep-deprived and non-sleep-deprived patients were analyzed. Results. In the noninvasive procedure group, the sedation failure rate was 5.7% for the sleep-deprived patients and 5.6% for the non-sleep-deprived patients, whereas the sedation failure rate for children <2 years old was 4.2% for sleep-deprived patients and 4.7% for non-sleep-deprived patients. The sedation failure rate in the invasive procedure group was 7.5% for sleep-deprived patients and 7.2% for non-sleep-deprived patients. Nursing care hours in the noninvasive procedure group were significantly longer for the sleep-deprived patients (4.5 +/- 1.6 hours) versus the non-sleep-deprived patients (3.8 +/- 1.6 hours). This finding was true also for the subgroup of children <2 years old (sleep-deprived patients: 4.2 &PLUSMN; 1.4 hours; non-sleep-deprived patients: 3.5 &PLUSMN; 1.4 hours). No difference was noted in nursing care hours for the invasive procedure group. Conclusions. Sleep deprivation had no effect in reducing the pediatric sedation failure rate. The patients having noninvasive procedures who were sleep deprived required significantly more nursing care hours than their non-sleep-deprived counterparts. Routine use of sleep deprivation for pediatric sedation should be critically reevaluated. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anesthesiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Shields, CH (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anesthesiol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM cshields@usuhs.mil NR 18 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2004 VL 113 IS 5 BP 1204 EP 1208 DI 10.1542/peds.113.5.1204 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 817HS UT WOS:000221169200005 PM 15121930 ER PT J AU Mahnke, CB Nowalk, A Hofkosh, D Zuberbuhler, JR Law, YM AF Mahnke, CB Nowalk, A Hofkosh, D Zuberbuhler, JR Law, YM TI Comparison of two educational interventions on pediatric resident auscultation skills SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE auscultation; murmurs; educational intervention; computer-based learning ID INNOCENT HEART MURMUR; CARDIAC AUSCULTATION; INITIAL EVALUATION; PARENTAL ANXIETY; CHILDREN; SCHOOLCHILDREN; CARDIOLOGIST; PREVALENCE; DISEASE; SOUNDS AB Objective. Multiple cross-sectional physician surveys have documented poor cardiac auscultation skills. We evaluated the impact of 2 different educational interventions on pediatric resident auscultation skills. Methods. The auscultation skills of all first-year (PGY1; n = 20) and second-year pediatric residents (PGY2; n = 20) were evaluated at the beginning and end of the academic year. Five patient recordings were presented: atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, pulmonary valve stenosis, bicuspid aortic valve with insufficiency, and innocent murmur. Residents were asked to classify the second heart sound, identify a systolic ejection click, describe the murmur, and provide a diagnosis. All PGY1 and most PGY2 ( 14 of 20) participated on the inpatient cardiology service for 1 month. PGY2 on the cardiology service also attended outpatient clinic. PGY1 did not attend outpatient clinic but were allotted 2 hours/week to use a self-directed cardiac auscultation computer teaching program. Results. Resident auscultation skills on initial evaluation were dependent on training level (PGY1: 42 +/- 15% correct; PGY2: 53 +/- 13% correct), primarily as a result of better classification of second heart sound (PGY1: 45%; PGY2: 63%) and diagnosis of an innocent murmur ( PGY1: 35%; PGY2: 65%). There was no difference in the ability to identify correctly a systolic ejection click (20% vs 23%) or to arrive at the correct diagnosis (35% vs 40%). At the end of the academic year, the PGY1 scores improved by 21%, primarily as a result of improved diagnostic accuracy of the innocent murmur (35% to 65%). PGY2 scores remained unchanged (53% vs 51%), regardless of participation in a cardiology rotation (cardiology rotation: 50%; no cardiology rotation: 51%). Combined, diagnostic accuracy was best for ventricular septal defect (55%) and innocent murmur (60%) and worst for atrial septal defect (18%) and pulmonary valve stenosis (15%). However, 40% identified the innocent murmur as pathologic and 21% of pathologic murmurs were diagnosed as innocent. Conclusions. Pediatric resident auscultation skills were poor and did not improve after an outpatient cardiology rotation. Auscultation skills did improve after the use of a self-directed cardiac auscultation teaching program. These data have relevance given the American College of Graduate Medical Education's emphasis on measuring educational outcomes and documenting clinical competencies during residency training. C1 Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Div Pediat Cardiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Dept Pediat, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Mahnke, CB (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM christopher.mahnke@haw.tamc.amedd.army.mil NR 29 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2004 VL 113 IS 5 BP 1331 EP 1335 DI 10.1542/peds.113.5.1331 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 817HS UT WOS:000221169200024 PM 15121949 ER PT J AU Syrchin, MS Zheltikov, AM Scalora, M AF Syrchin, MS Zheltikov, AM Scalora, M TI Analytical treatment of self-phase-modulation beyond the slowly varying envelope approximation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID PHOTONIC-CRYSTAL FIBERS; LASER-PULSES; QUANTUM CONTROL; LIGHT; GENERATION; FILAMENTATION; PROPAGATION; EVOLUTION; AIR AB Analytical treatment of the self-phase-modulation of an ultrashort light pulse is extended beyond the slowly varying envelope approximation. The resulting wave equation is modified to include corrections to self-phase-modulation due to higher-order spatial and temporal derivatives. Analytical solutions are found in the limiting regimes of high nonlinearities and very short pulses. Our results reveal features that can significantly impact both pulse shape and the evolution of the phase. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Ctr Int Laser, Moscow 119899, Russia. USA, Weap Sci Directorate, Aviat & Missile Command, Huntsville, AL 35898 USA. RP Syrchin, MS (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAY PY 2004 VL 69 IS 5 AR 053803 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.69.053803 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 826FC UT WOS:000221813700143 ER PT J AU Gruber, JB Vetter, U Hofsass, H Zandi, B Reid, MF AF Gruber, JB Vetter, U Hofsass, H Zandi, B Reid, MF TI Spectra and energy levels of Gd3+(4f(7)) in AlN SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH IONS; VISIBLE EMISSION; LATTICE SITES; GAN; ER; SEMICONDUCTORS; CATHODOLUMINESCENCE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; INTENSITIES; EU AB We report crystal-field splitting investigations of Gd3+(4f(7)) energy levels determined from high resolution energy (Stark) level cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy of Gd-implanted 2H-aluminum nitride (AlN) in the wavelength range 250 to 320 nm and at temperatures 12, 77, and 300 K. The CL spectra are interpreted in terms of lattice-sum and crystal-field splitting models that assume implanted Gd replaces Al substitutionally in cationic sites in AlN having C-3v point group symmetry. The CL spectra are associated with Gd3+ ions in a single site. A rms deviation of 7 cm-1 was obtained between 43 observed and calculated Stark levels. The intense UV emission at 318 nm (the P-6(7/2)-->S-8(7/2) transition) can be understood in terms of multiplet-to-multiplet branching ratios. C1 San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 2, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany. USA, ARL, Adelphi Lab Ctr, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. RP Gruber, JB (reprint author), San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. EM jbgruber@email.sjsu.edue NR 53 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAY PY 2004 VL 69 IS 19 AR 195202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.69.195202 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 828GL UT WOS:000221961700041 ER PT J AU D'Aguanno, G Mattiucci, N Centini, M Scalora, M Bloemer, MJ AF D'Aguanno, G Mattiucci, N Centini, M Scalora, M Bloemer, MJ TI Electromagnetic density of modes for a finite-size three-dimensional structure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUS-EMISSION AB The concept of the density of modes has been lacking a precise mathematical definition for a finite-size structure. With the explosive growth in the fabrication of photonic crystals and nanostructures, which are inherently finite in size, a workable definition is imperative. We give a simple and physically intuitive definition of the electromagnetic density of modes based on the Green's function for a generic three-dimensional open cavity filled with a linear, isotropic, dielectric material. C1 Time Domain Corp, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Weap Sci Directorate, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Univ RomaTre, Dipartimento Fis E Amaldi, I-00146 Rome, Italy. RP D'Aguanno, G (reprint author), Time Domain Corp, Cummings Res Pk,7057 Old Madison Pike, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. EM giuseppe.daguanno@timedomain.com NR 16 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAY PY 2004 VL 69 IS 5 AR 057601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.69.057601 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 826EZ UT WOS:000221813400112 PM 15244980 ER PT J AU Mbah, JA Tane, P Ngadjui, BT Connolly, JD Okunji, CC Iwu, MM Schuster, BM AF Mbah, JA Tane, P Ngadjui, BT Connolly, JD Okunji, CC Iwu, MM Schuster, BM TI Antiplasmodial agents from the leaves of Glossocalyx brevipes SO PLANTA MEDICA LA English DT Article DE Glossocalyx brevipes; Monimiaceae; homogentisic acid derivatives; liriodenine; antiplasmodial activity AB A phytochemical study of the methylene chloride/methanol I) extract of the leaves of Glossocalyx brevipes Benth. (Monimiaceae) afforded three new derivatives of homogentisic acid, methyl 2-(1'beta-geranyt-5'beta-hydroxy-2'-oxocyclohex-3 -enyl)acetate (1), 2-(1'beta-geranyl-5'beta-hydroxy-2'-oxocyclohex-3'-enyl)acetic acid (2), methyl 2-(1'beta-geranyl-5'beta-hydroxy-4'beta-methoxy-2'-oxocyclohexyl)acetate (3), and two known alkaloids, aristololactam BII and liriodenine. Compounds 1 and 2 and liriodenine showed modest in vitro activity against Plasmodium falciparum. C1 Univ Dschang, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Dschang, Cameroon. Univ Yaounde I, Fac Sci, Dept Organ Chem, Yaounde, Cameroon. Univ Glasgow, Dept Chem, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Tane, P (reprint author), Univ Dschang, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon. EM ptane@yahoo.com FU FIC NIH HHS [TW01023-01AP2] NR 7 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0032-0943 J9 PLANTA MED JI Planta Med. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 BP 437 EP 440 DI 10.1055/s-2004-818972 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA 822PX UT WOS:000221553200010 PM 15124089 ER PT J AU Hsieh, AJ Moy, P Beyer, FL Madison, P Napadensky, E Ren, JX Krishnamoorti, R AF Hsieh, AJ Moy, P Beyer, FL Madison, P Napadensky, E Ren, JX Krishnamoorti, R TI Mechanical response and rheological properties of polycarbonate layered-silicate nanocomposites SO POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-INITIATED POLYMERIZATION; NYLON 6-CLAY HYBRID; CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES; ACRYLIC NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOPARTICLES; POLYSTYRENE; BRUSHES; POLYPROPYLENE; FLAMMABILITY; EXFOLIATION AB The effect of clay loading on the mechanical behavior and melt state linear viscoelastic properties of intercalated polycarbonate (PC) nanocomposites was investigated. At low frequencies, the linear dynamic oscillatory moduli data revealed diminished frequency dependence with increasing nanoclay loading. The 3.5 and 5 wt% clay nanocomposites exhibited dramatically altered relaxation behavior, from liquid-like to pseudo-solid-like, compared to the pure PC and the 1.5 wt% clay nanocomposite. Thermal degradation of PC resulted from the melt compounding of organo-modified nanoclays was evident from the reduction in the glass transition temperature and molecular weight of the PC nanocomposites. These nanocomposites also exhibited a significant decrease in the extent of tensile elongation and ductility with respect to the nanoclay incorporation. A concomitant decrease in the rheological proper-ties at high frequencies was also observed, and was consistent with the lowering of the molecular weight of PC, particularly near or above the percolation threshold of nanoclay. These nanocomposites, nevertheless, exhibited elastic-plastic deformation in compression, regardless of nanoclay content. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Diretorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Houston, Dept Chem Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RP Hsieh, AJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Diretorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM ahsieh@arl.army.mil RI Krishnamoorti, Ramanan/F-7914-2011 OI Krishnamoorti, Ramanan/0000-0001-5831-502X NR 40 TC 61 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0032-3888 J9 POLYM ENG SCI JI Polym. Eng. Sci. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 44 IS 5 BP 825 EP 837 DI 10.1002/pen.20074 PG 13 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 833KD UT WOS:000222335300001 ER PT J AU Wynn, GH Zapor, MJ Smith, BH Wortmann, G Oesterheld Jr Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL AF Wynn, GH Zapor, MJ Smith, BH Wortmann, G Oesterheld, JR Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL TI Antiretrovirals, Part 1: Overview, history, and focus on protease inhibitors SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID P-GLYCOPROTEIN EXPRESSION; DRUG INTERACTIONS UPDATE; ST-JOHNS-WORT; LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION; ACUTE HEPATITIS; RISK-FACTORS; IN-VITRO; RITONAVIR; THERAPY AB This column is the first in a series on HIV/AIDS antiretroviral drugs. This first review summarizes the history of HIV/AIDS and the development of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and highlights why it is important for non-HIV specialists to know about these drugs. There are four broad classes of HIV medications used in varying combinations in HAART: the protease inhibitors, nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors, the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and cell membrane fusion inhibitors. This paper reviews the mechanism of action, side effects, toxicities, and drug interactions of the protease inhibitors. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Spurwink Sch, Portland, ME USA. Univ New England, Sch Osteopathy, Family Med Program, Biddeford, ME USA. Tual Forest Grove Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Psychiat, Forest Grove, OR USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Cozza, KL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Ward 63,6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kelly.cozza@na.amedd.army.mil RI Wynn, Gary/B-3618-2011 NR 68 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 45 IS 3 BP 262 EP 270 DI 10.1176/appi.psy.45.3.262 PG 9 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 816JZ UT WOS:000221107500013 PM 15123854 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Berti, R Dave, JR Elliot, PJ Adams, J Tortella, FC AF Williams, AJ Berti, R Dave, JR Elliot, PJ Adams, J Tortella, FC TI Delayed treatment of ischemia/reperfusion brain injury - Extended therapeutic window with the proteosome inhibitor MLN519 SO STROKE LA English DT Article DE middle cerebral artery occlusion; inflammation; brain injuries; proteasome ID CEREBRAL-ARTERY OCCLUSION; FACTOR-KAPPA-B; REDUCES INFARCTION; RAT MODEL; LEUKOCYTE INFILTRATION; PROTEASOME; ISCHEMIA; REPERFUSION; STROKE; INFLAMMATION AB Background and Purpose-Clinical development of novel neuroprotection therapies for the treatment of brain injury has been unsuccessful. One critical limitation is the lack of a viable therapeutic treatment window (TW). In this study, we evaluated the neuroprotection TW for the proteosome inhibitor MLN519 after ischemia/reperfusion brain injury in rats as related to its antiinflammatory mechanism. Methods-Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 2 hours of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), followed by 70 hours of reperfusion and recovery. MLN519 was administered after injury ( starting 6 to 12 hours after MCAo) to evaluate the full TW. Brain infarction, neuronal degeneration, neurological recovery, leukocyte infiltration, and inflammatory gene mRNA levels were assessed. Results-Core infarct volume in vehicle-treated rats (216+/-25 mm(3)) was reduced with delayed MLN519 treatments of 6, 8, or 10 hours after injury (45+/-13, 86+/-28, and 150+/-27 mm(3), respectively, P<0.05) and was associated with reductions in neuronal and axonal degeneration. MLN519-treated rats had reduced brain mRNA levels of TNF-α (46%, P<0.05), ICAM-1 (58%, P<0.05), IL-6 (58%, P<0.05), and E-selectin (72%, P<0.05) at 24 hours after injury. Furthermore, MLN519 treatment reduced leukocyte infiltration by 32% to 80% (P<0.05) in ischemic brain regions. Conclusions-Neuroprotection treatment with MLN519 provides an extended TW of up to 10 hours after ischemia/reperfusion brain injury, in part by attenuating the inflammatory response. As such, the delayed onset of brain inflammation after an ischemic injury offers a prime target for extending the neuroprotective TW with compounds such as MLN519, used either alone or possibly as an adjunctive therapy with thrombolytic agents. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Neuropharmacol & Mol Biol, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Millenium Pharmaceut, Cambridge, MA USA. Combinato RX Inc, Boston, MA USA. RP Williams, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Neuropharmacol & Mol Biol, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM anthony.williams@na.amedd.army.mil NR 20 TC 56 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0039-2499 J9 STROKE JI Stroke PD MAY PY 2004 VL 35 IS 5 BP 1186 EP 1191 DI 10.1161/01.STR.0000125721.10606.dc PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 814PY UT WOS:000220987800031 PM 15060320 ER PT J AU Atchison, CR Sheridan, RE Duniho, SM Shih, TM AF Atchison, CR Sheridan, RE Duniho, SM Shih, TM TI Development of a guinea pig model for low-dose, long-term exposure to organophosphorus nerve agents SO TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE guinea pig; maximum tolerated dose; organophosphorus compounds; sarin; soman; VX ID SOMAN; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; INHIBITION; NEUROPATHOLOGY; EFFICACY; BRAIN AB An animal dosing model and related maximum tolerated dose (MTD) were developed for repeated exposures in guinea pigs to three organophosphorus chemical warfare nerve agents (CWNA). Male animals were injected subcutaneously with sarin (GB), soman (GD) or VX once a day (Monday through Friday) for 2-, 4-, or 13-weeks. An initial 13-week study for each CWNA employed doses of vehicle (normal saline), 0.2x, 0.4x, 0.6x, and 0.8x the previously established acute LD50. A 2-week and 4-week exposure were also performed for each agent at doses less than the 13-week MTD to verify lack of toxicity. Animals dosed daily for 13 weeks with 0.4x LD50 of GB or GD or with 0.2x LD50 of VX did not display signs of acute cholinergic toxicity. In animals dosed daily for either 2- or 4-weeks, the MTDs were 0.4x the acute LD50 for all three CWNA. There were no differences among these groups and their respective vehicle controls for weight gains, body temperature, complete blood cell counts, blood chemistries, nor by histopathology. At the MTD in all groups, red blood cell cholinesterase activity one hour after the last exposure was inhibited up to 90% compared with controls. The toxicity observed with repeated doses above the MTD for up to chronic exposure durations was not significantly different from symptoms observed after acute exposure. For all three nerve agents the MTDs for subacute exposure durations can be expressed by the same constant fraction of the acute LD50, despite differences in the absolute amount of nerve agent administered. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR UV PN, Neurotoxicol Branch,Pharmacol Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Comparat Pathol Branch, Div Comparat Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Shih, TM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR UV PN, Neurotoxicol Branch,Pharmacol Div, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM dr.tony.shih@amedd.army.mil NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1537-6524 J9 TOXICOL MECH METHOD JI Toxicol. Mech. Methods PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 14 IS 3 BP 183 EP 194 DI 10.1080/15376520490429166 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 810FN UT WOS:000220690300006 PM 20021145 ER PT J AU Moser, J Levine, CF Thomas-Dunmeyer, DR Smith, WJ AF Moser, J Levine, CF Thomas-Dunmeyer, DR Smith, WJ TI Cross-linking interferes with assessing sulfur mustard-induced DNA damage in human peripheral blood lymphocytes using the comet assay SO TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE comet assay; DNA cross-linking; DNA damage; lymphocytes; sulfur mustard ID SINGLE-STRAND BREAKS; CELL GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; ALKALINE ELUTION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; ALKYLATING-AGENTS; NITROGEN-MUSTARD; INDIVIDUAL CELLS; KERATINOCYTES; SULFIDE; REPAIR AB Sulfur mustard (SM) is a blistering agent that produces DNA strand breaks. To detect SM-induced DNA single strand breaks in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), cells were exposed to various concentrations of SM (10 to 1000 muM), and the comet assay (single-cell gel electrophoresis) was performed. We observed a SM concentration- and time-dependent increase in detectable DNA damage. To test whether SM-induced DNA cross-linking inhibits DNA migration in the comet assay, PBL were exposed to a) SM alone (10 to 1000 muM), b) H2O2 (0.001%), which produces DNA single strand breaks with no cross-links, or c) SM followed at 2, 4, or 6 h by H2O2. With H2O2 alone, a large amount of strand breakage was detected. With H2O2 plus SM, detectable H2O2-induced strand breaks decreased as SM concentration increased up to 30 muM; at 30 muM and above, the response with H2O2 plus SM was similar to that with SM alone. Interference with the detection of H2O2-induced DNA strand breaks appears to be SM concentration-dependent up to 30 muM, and independent of SM concentration at greater than or equal to 30 muM. This is presumably due to SM-induced cross-linking. It follows that cross-linking in DNA of SM-exposed PBL also interferes with DNA migration and detection of DNA strand breaks when cells are exposed to SM alone. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Moser, J (reprint author), USA, Med Mat Dev Activ, MCMR UMP, 622 Neiman St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM janet.moser@us.army.mil NR 30 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1537-6524 J9 TOXICOL MECH METHOD JI Toxicol. Mech. Methods PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 14 IS 3 BP 195 EP 202 DI 10.1080/15376520490429120 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 810FN UT WOS:000220690300007 PM 20021146 ER PT J AU Li, Y Ruan, R Chen, PL Liu, Z Pan, X Lin, X Liu, Y Mok, CK Yang, T AF Li, Y Ruan, R Chen, PL Liu, Z Pan, X Lin, X Liu, Y Mok, CK Yang, T TI Enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover pretreated by combined dilute alkaline treatment and homogenization SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASAE LA English DT Article DE biomass; corn stover; homogenization; hydrolysis; pretreatment ID ACID PRETREATMENT; STEAM EXPLOSION; SACCHARIFICATION; CELLULOSE; AMMONIA; WATER; STRAW; FIBER AB Corn stover, the most abundant agricultural residue in the U.S., is a potential feedstock for production of bioethanol because of its high content of carbohydrates, but an efficient pretreatment is required prior to enzymatic hydrolysis. In this study, a combination of NaOH treatment and homogenization was used as a pretreatment to enhance the enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover The combined pretreatment increased the enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover five times compared to the control. The effectiveness of such pretreatment was found to be a function of NaOH concentration and particle size. Within the NaOH concentration range of 0.1 to 1.0 N, best performance of this combined pretreatment was achieved at 0.3 N NaOH. There is a significant cross effect of homogenization and NaOH treatment. Among the three particle sizes tested (the particle size was not directly measured, it passed through screens with openings of 2 mm, 0.707 mm, and 0.25 mm respectively), 2 mm was found to maximize the economic benefit of the pretreatment. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Biosyst & Engn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Design, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Syst Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Ruan, R (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Biosyst & Engn, 1390 Eckles Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM ruanx001@umn.edu RI Li, Yebo/B-7889-2012; OI Ruan, Roger/0000-0001-8835-2649 NR 20 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASAE JI Trans. ASAE PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 47 IS 3 BP 821 EP 825 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 852GK UT WOS:000223743300022 ER PT J AU Iversen, P Wirth, MP See, WA McLeod, DG Klimberg, I Gleason, D Chodak, G Montie, J Tyrrell, C Wallace, DMA Delaere, KPJ Lundmo, P Tammela, TLJ Johansson, JE Morris, T Carroll, K AF Iversen, P Wirth, MP See, WA McLeod, DG Klimberg, I Gleason, D Chodak, G Montie, J Tyrrell, C Wallace, DMA Delaere, KPJ Lundmo, P Tammela, TLJ Johansson, JE Morris, T Carroll, K CA Casodex Early Prostate Canc Trial TI Is the efficacy of hormonal therapy affected by lymph node status? Data from the bicalutamide (casodex) early prostate cancer program SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article AB Objectives. To report an exploratory subgroup analysis assessing the extent to which the overall benefit found in the Early Prostate Cancer program is dependent on lymph node status at randomization. The program is ongoing, and the overall survival data are immature. The first combined analysis of the bicalutamide (Casodex) Early Prostate Cancer program at 3 years' median follow-up showed that bicalutamide, 150 mg once daily, plus standard care (radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, or watchful waiting), significantly reduced the risk of objective progression and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) doubling in patients with localized/locally advanced prostate cancer. Methods. Men (n = 8113) with localized/locally advanced disease received bicalutamide 150 mg or placebo once daily, plus standard care. The time to event data (objective progression, PSA doubling) was analyzed by lymph node status at randomization. Results. Compared with standard care alone, bicalutamide significantly reduced the risk of objective progression, irrespective of lymph node status, with the most pronounced reduction in patients with N+ (hazard ratio [HR] 0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.15 to 0.56) compared with those with NO (FIR 0.59; 95% CI 0.48 to 0.73) and Nx (FIR 0.60; 95% CI 0.50 to 0.72) disease. The largest decrease in risk of PSA doubling with bicalutamide was observed in N+ disease (FIR 0.16; 95% CI 0.09 to 0.29), with significantly reduced risks seen in NO (HR 0.45; 95% CI 0.40 to 0.51) and Nx (HR 0.38; 95% CI 0.33 to 0.44) disease. Conclusions. The greatest reduction in the risk of objective progression and PSA doubling with bicalutamide was seen in patients with N+ disease. However, bicalutamide also provided a statistically significant benefit in those with NO and Nx disease. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. C1 Univ Copenhagen, Rigshosp, Dept Urol, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Tech Univ Dresden, Dept Urol, Dresden, Germany. Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Urol Ctr Florida, Ocala, FL USA. Adv Clin Therapeut Inc, Tucson, AZ USA. Midwest Prostate & Urol Hlth Ctr, Chicago, IL USA. Univ Michigan, Hlth Syst, Urol Sect, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Plymouth Oncol Ctr, Clin Trials Unit, Plymouth, Devon, England. Queen Elizabeth Med Ctr, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. De Wever Hosp, Heerlen, Netherlands. Univ Trondheim Hosp, Urol Sect, Trondheim, Norway. Orebro Univ Hosp, Dept Urol & Clin Med, Orebro, Sweden. Tampere Univ Hosp, Tampere, Finland. AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, Cheshire, England. RP Iversen, P (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Rigshosp, Dept Urol, D-2112,Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD MAY PY 2004 VL 63 IS 5 BP 928 EP 933 DI 10.1016/j.urology.2004.02.011 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 824ET UT WOS:000221669400033 PM 15134983 ER PT J AU Convertino, VA Ludwig, DA Cooke, WH AF Convertino, VA Ludwig, DA Cooke, WH TI Stroke volume and sympathetic responses to lower-body negative pressure reveal new insight into circulatory shock in humans SO AUTONOMIC NEUROSCIENCE-BASIC & CLINICAL LA English DT Article DE microneurography; autonomic regulation; central hypovolemia ID VASOVAGAL SYNCOPE; SPACEFLIGHT; HYPOVOLEMIA; HYPOTENSION; PRESYNCOPE; MECHANISMS; TILT AB We measured various hemodynamic responses and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) in human subjects during a graded lowerbody negative pressure (LBNP) protocol to test the hypotheses that: (1) reduced stroke volume (SV) is linearly related to increased MSNA; and (2) the onset of symptoms of impending cardiovascular collapse is associated with hypoadrenergic responses to central hypovolemia. We measured heart rates, arterial blood pressures, sympathetic neural activity (MSNA; peroneal nerve microneurography), and relative changes (% Delta) in SV (thoracic electrical bioimpedance) in 13 men during exposure to graded levels of LBNP. After a 12-min baseline data collection period, LBNP was initiated at - 15 mm Hg for 12 min followed by continuous stepwise increments to - 30, - 45, and - 60 min Hg for 12 min each. Eight subjects completed the LBNP protocol (finishers), while the protocol was terminated prematurely during - 60 min Hg in five subjects due to onset of symptoms of cardiovascular collapse (nonfinishers). Of these subjects, we were able to record MSNA successfully throughout the LBNP protocol in four finishers and two nonfinishers. The relationship between average change in stroke volume and average change in MSNA was linear (% DeltaMSNA=464-3.6 [% DeltaSV], r(2) = 0.98). On average, MSNA was greater in the nonfinishers at each level of LBNP compared to finishers, but peripheral resistance was lower. Our results support the hypothesis that MSNA activation is inversely, related and linear to stroke volume reductions during central hypovolemia. Sympathetic withdrawal rather than hypoadrenergic function may represent a fundamental mechanism for the development of circulatory shock. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Pediat, Georgia Prevent Inst, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Convertino, VA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Victor.convertino@amedd.army.mil NR 25 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0702 J9 AUTON NEUROSCI-BASIC JI Auton. Neurosci-Basic Clin. PD APR 30 PY 2004 VL 111 IS 2 BP 127 EP 134 DI 10.1016//j.autneu.2004.02.007 PG 8 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 831II UT WOS:000222187700007 PM 15182742 ER PT J AU Melloh, RA Hall, TJ Bailey, R AF Melloh, RA Hall, TJ Bailey, R TI Radiation data corrections for snow-covered sensors: are they needed for snowmelt modelling? SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 60th Eastern Snow Conference (ESC) CY 2003 CL Sherbrooke, CANADA DE snow-covered; radiation; sensors; data correction ID LONG-WAVE-RADIATION; ALBEDO; SKIES AB Up-looking solar and atmospheric radiation sensors at remote and quasi-remote weather stations are typically intermittently covered by snow in the winter. Numerous years of radiation data compromised in this way have been collected and archived at the Snow Research Station (SRS) in Danville, Vermont, and undoubtedly at numerous other research stations around the globe. Potential users of these archived data must question whether the data have value for their purpose, whether they can be corrected, what methods can be used to correct them, and perhaps most importantly, will time-consuming correction efforts be justified by improved model performance. To answer these questions, both simple and elaborate methods of correcting incident solar and atmospheric radiation data were developed and applied to the 2001 snow season radiation data collected at the SRS. Snow-affected incident solar radiation was estimated with reflected solar radiation measurements and either a simple albedo assumption or an albedo model. The equations of Idso, Brutsaert, Brunt, and Anderson and Baker were considered for correcting atmospheric radiation. The technique of Anderson and Baker was a good practical choice for this site, when used with a station offset, clearness index, and clear-sky radiation model. Energy balance snowmelt calculations were made with SNTHERM, an internationally known and publicly available physically based snow process model. There was little justification for more than minimal corrections to radiation measurements for the presence of snow on radiation sensors when modelling snow depth, water equivalent, or melt efflux, because errors caused by snow-covered solar and atmospheric radiation sensors largely offset one another. More elaborate efforts to correct both solar and atmospheric radiation data would be justified when correct quantification of individual snowpack energy components is important. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, CRREL, Erdc, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Melloh, RA (reprint author), USA, CRREL, Erdc, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM rae.a.melloh@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD APR 30 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1113 EP 1126 DI 10.1002/hyp.5510 PG 14 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 810WT UT WOS:000220735100006 ER PT J AU Hwang, SC Bouwer, EJ Larson, SL Davis, JL AF Hwang, SC Bouwer, EJ Larson, SL Davis, JL TI Decolorization of alkaline TNT hydrolysis effluents using UV/H2O2 SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE alkaline hydrolysis; carbonate decolorization; hydroxyl radical ((OH)-O-center dot); TNT ID HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; WASTE-WATER; ADVANCED OXIDATION; UV-RADIATION; DYE; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE AB Effects of H2O2 dosage (0, 10, 50, 100 and 300 mg/l), reaction pH (11.9, 6.5 and 2.5) and initial color intensity (85, 80 and 60 color unit) on decolorization of alkaline 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) hydrolysis effluents were investigated at a fixed UV strength (40 W/m(2)). Results indicated that UV/H2O2 oxidation could efficiently achieve decolorization and further mineralization. Pseudo first-order decolorization rate constants, k, ranged between 2.9 and 5.4 h(-1) with higher values for lower H2O2 dosage (i.e., 10 mg/l H2O2) when the decolorization occurred at the reaction pH of 11.9. whereas a faster decolorization was achieved with increase in H2O2 dosage at both pH 6.5 and 2.5, resulting in the values of k as fast as 15.4 and 26.6 h(-1) with 300 mg/l H2O2 at pH 6.5 and 2.5, respectively. Difference in decolorization rates was attributed to the reaction pH rather than to the initial color intensity, resulting from the scavenging of hydroxyl radical by carbonate ion. About 40% of spontaneous mineralization was achieved with addition of 10mg/l H2O2 at pH 6.5. Efficient decolorization and extension of H2O2 longevity were observed at pH 6.5 conditions. It is recommended that the colored effluents from alkaline TNT hydrolysis be neutralized prior to a decolorization step. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Hwang, SC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ground Water & Ecosys Restorat Div, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM hwang.sangchul@epa.gov NR 24 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD APR 30 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 1-2 BP 61 EP 67 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2003.11.016 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 815TQ UT WOS:000221065000005 PM 15081163 ER PT J AU Milanowski, DJ Gustafson, KR Rashid, MA Pannell, LK McMahon, JB Boyd, MR AF Milanowski, DJ Gustafson, KR Rashid, MA Pannell, LK McMahon, JB Boyd, MR TI Gymnangiamide, a cytotoxic pentapeptide from the marine hydroid Gymnangium regae SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CYANOBACTERIUM SYMPLOCA-HYDNOIDES; GARVEIA-ANNULATA; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; DOLASTATIN 10; EUDENDRIUM-GLOMERATUM; SOLANDERIA-SECUNDA; MASS SPECTROMETRY; NATURAL-PRODUCTS; ISODOLASTATIN-H; AMINO-ACIDS AB A cytotoxic aqueous extract from the marine hydroid Gymnangium regae provided a novel linear pentapeptide, designated gymnangiamide (1). The planar structure of 1 was elucidated by interpretation of spectral data as well as chemical degradation and derivatization studies. In addition to the amino acids isoleucine and phenylserine, this peptide contained N-desmethyldolaisoleuine, O-desmethyldolaproine, and alpha-guanidino serine, three residues that have not previously been reported in a natural product. The absolute configurations of the constituent amino/guanidino acids were determined by chemical degradation and derivatization, followed by HPLC and LC-MS comparison with authentic standards. Gymnangiamide (1) was moderately cytotoxic against a number of human tumor cell lines in vitro. C1 NCI, Mol Targets Dev Program, Canc Res Ctr, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. SAIC Frederick, Intramural Res Support Program, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NIDDKD, Bioorgan Chem Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ S Alabama, Coll Med, USA, Canc Res Inst, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. RP Gustafson, KR (reprint author), NCI, Mol Targets Dev Program, Canc Res Ctr, Bldg 1052,Room 121, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM manuscripts@mail.ncifcrf.gov FU PHS HHS [N01-C0-12400] NR 39 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD APR 30 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 9 BP 3036 EP 3042 DI 10.1021/jo0303113 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 818TU UT WOS:000221268200016 PM 15104441 ER PT J AU Hoeldtke, NJ AF Hoeldtke, NJ TI Abortion, health, and the law SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Hoeldtke, NJ (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD APR 29 PY 2004 VL 350 IS 18 BP 1908 EP 1909 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 815ZN UT WOS:000221080300026 PM 15122813 ER PT J AU Mauritz, KA Blackwell, RI Beyer, FL AF Mauritz, KA Blackwell, RI Beyer, FL TI Viscoelastic properties and morphology of sulfonated poly(styrene-b-ethylene/butylene-b-styrene) block copolymers (sBCP), and sBCP/[silicate] nanostructured materials SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE block copolymer ionomer; sol-gel reaction template; self-assembled nanocomposite ID ORDER-DISORDER TRANSITION; MICROPHASE SEPARATION TRANSITION; SOL-GEL REACTION; DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; HYBRID MATERIALS; IONOMERS BCPI; POLYSTYRENE; STYRENE; POLYISOPRENE AB Self-assembled organic/inorganic hybrid materials were created via domain targeted sol-gel reactions of tetraethylorthosilicate in solution with sulfonated poly (styrene-b-[ethylene-co-butylene]-b-styrene) (sSEBS) copolymers. Dynamic mechanical analyses (DMA) of these hybrid materials suggest that the silicate component preferentially incorporates within the sulfonated polystyrene (PS) domains. An irreversible order-order transition (OOT) for unmodified SEBS, sSEBS, and the organic/inorganic hybrids was identified using DMA in shear mode. The OOT temperature increases with sulfonation as well as by adding a silicate phase by the sol-gel process. The DMA results imply a morphological shift with sulfonation, and reflect modified interactions within and between phases. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) indicated a shift from hexagonally packed cylinders in unmodified SEBS to a larnellar morphology in the sulfonated materials, but silicate incorporation did not affect the morphology or domain dimensions. The latter result is evidence for sol-gel polymerization templating in a self-assembly process. The phase-separated morphology is stable up to the degradation temperature of the polymer and thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the degradation temperature is unaffected by silicate incorporation. Small angle X-ray scattering data are in harmony with the structures revealed by AFM in terms of degree of order and scale of features. These results are largely rationalized in terms of chain mobility restrictions due to hydrogen-bonding interactions between different sulfonated PS blocks, an increase in the PS-ethylene/butylene block mixing parameter, increased interfacial surface tension and chain restrictions posed by inserted silicate nanostructures in the case of the hybrid materials. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ So Mississippi, Dept Polymer Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. USA, Res Lab, Polymers Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Mauritz, KA (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Polymer Sci, So Stn Box 10076, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. EM kenneth.mauritz@usm.edu NR 49 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 4 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD APR 27 PY 2004 VL 45 IS 9 BP 3001 EP 3016 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.12.078 PG 16 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 811JR UT WOS:000220768700017 ER PT J AU Elabd, YA Napadensky, E AF Elabd, YA Napadensky, E TI Sulfonation and characterization of poly (styrene-isobutylene-styrene) triblock copolymers at high ion-exchange capacities SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE block copolymer; ionomer; polyelectrolyte ID METHANOL FUEL-CELL; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MEMBRANES; IONOMERS; TRANSPORT; PERMEABILITY AB In this study, a triblock copolymer, poly(styrene-isobutylene-styrene), was sulfonated to eight different levels ranging from 0.36 to 2.04 mequiv./g (13 to 82 mol% of styrene; styrene is 19 mol% of the unsulfonated block copolymer). These sulfonated polymers were characterized with elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopy to confirm sulfonation and determine accurate sulfortation levels. Infrared analysis revealed four additional stretching vibrations as a result of sulfonation. Also, a linear relationship between absorbance at 1006 cm(-1) (stretching of the aromatic ring in styrene caused by the para-substituted sulfonic acid) and sulfortation level (measured by elemental analysis) was found. The density and water solubility of all the sulfonated polymers were measured and increased with increasing sulfortation level, as high as 1.31 a/cm(3) and 351 wt%, respectively. In addition, a sulfonated triblock copolymer at 79 mol% sulfonation was neutralized with a cesium cation and revealed an increase in density, but a reduction in water solubility. This study demonstrates the resulting unique properties of sulfonated styrene-based block copolymers at higher ion-exchange capacities than previously reported. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Drexel Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Elabd, YA (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Chem Engn, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM elabd@drexel.edu RI Elabd, Yossef/G-9866-2014 OI Elabd, Yossef/0000-0002-7790-9445 NR 21 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 5 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD APR 27 PY 2004 VL 45 IS 9 BP 3037 EP 3043 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.02.061 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 811JR UT WOS:000220768700021 ER PT J AU Ozgur, U Teke, A Liu, C Cho, SJ Morkoc, H Everitt, HO AF Ozgur, U Teke, A Liu, C Cho, SJ Morkoc, H Everitt, HO TI Stimulated emission and time-resolved photoluminescence in rf-sputtered ZnO thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ULTRAVIOLET-LASER EMISSION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; BULK ZNO AB Stimulated emission (SE) was measured from ZnO thin films grown on c-plane sapphire by rf sputtering. Free exciton transitions were clearly observed at 10 K in the photoluminescence (PL), transmission, and reflection spectra of the sample annealed at 950degreesC. SE resulting from both exciton-exciton scattering and electron hole plasma formation was observed in the annealed samples at moderate excitation energy densities. The SE threshold energy density decreased with increasing annealing temperature up to similar to950 degreesC. The observation of low threshold exciton-exciton scattering-induced SE showed that excitonic laser action could be obtained in rf-sputtered ZnO thin films. At excitation densities below the SE threshold, time-resolved PL revealed very fast recombination times of similar to74 ps at room temperature, and no significant change at 85 K. The decay time for the SE-induced PL was below the system resolution of <45 ps. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Balikesir Univ, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Phys, TR-10100 Balikesir, Turkey. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Ozgur, U (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM uozgur@vcu.edu RI Everitt, Henry/L-7118-2013 OI Everitt, Henry/0000-0002-8141-3768 NR 18 TC 84 Z9 85 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 26 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 17 BP 3223 EP 3225 DI 10.1063/1.1713034 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 814EN UT WOS:000220958100001 ER PT J AU Meyer, DJ Bohna, NA Lenahan, PM Lelis, AJ AF Meyer, DJ Bohna, NA Lenahan, PM Lelis, AJ TI Structure of 6H silicon carbide/silicon dioxide interface trapping defects SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPIN-DEPENDENT RECOMBINATION; SURFACE; VACANCY; 4H; RADIATION AB We utilize spin-dependent recombination (SDR) to observe deep level trap defects at or very near the interface of 6H silicon carbide and the SiO2 gate dielectric in SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors. The SDR response is strongly correlated to SiC/SiO2 interface recombination currents. The magnitude of the SDR response is correlated with processing-induced changes in interface trap density, an extremely strong indication that we are observing the dominating interface/near interface trapping defects. The SDR response is extremely large, as large as one part in 350. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Meyer, DJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM djm308@psu.edu NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 26 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 17 BP 3406 EP 3408 DI 10.1063/1.1723693 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 814EN UT WOS:000220958100062 ER PT J AU Li, YL Ramesh, KT Chin, ESC AF Li, YL Ramesh, KT Chin, ESC TI Comparison of the plastic deformation and failure of A359/SiC and 6061-T6/Al2O3 metal matrix composites under dynamic tension SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE quasistatic; microcracking; metal-matrix composites; dynamic ID REINFORCED ALUMINUM-ALLOY; MECHANICAL RESPONSE; FRACTURE-BEHAVIOR; STRAIN-RATE; CERAMIC COMPOSITES; HIGH-RATES; DUCTILITY; DAMAGE; MICROSTRUCTURE; TEMPERATURE AB A comparison is presented of the dynamic plastic deformation and tensile failure of two metal-matrix composites (one with a cast alloy matrix and the other with a wrought alloy matrix). The two composites are ceramic particle reinforced aluminum alloys: F3S.20S (A359 aluminum alloy reinforced by 20% SiC particles) and W6A20A (6061-T6 aluminum alloy reinforced by 20% Al2O3 particles). The corresponding unreinforced matrix alloys were also examined. The effects of strain rate on the tensile responses of these composites were determined using the tension Kolsky bar. The microstructures and fracture surfaces of the specimens of each composite were examined using SEM and optical microscopy. The experimental results show that the flow stresses of both composites are higher than that of their matrix alloys, whereas the composite fracture strains are lower. The fracture strains of the W6A20A composite and the 6061-T6 monolithic matrix alloy were much higher than those of the F3S20S composite and the A359 monolithic matrix alloy. Both the W6A20A composite and 6061-T6 monolithic matrix alloy behaved in a ductile manner with necking prior to fracture, while both the F3S.20S composite and A359 monolithic matrix alloy behaved in a brittle manner with no necking prior to fracture. Microscopic examination revealed tensile failure of the A359 matrix alloy and its composite to be controlled by the microcracking of Si network, which formed in the interdendritic silicon rich region, whereas failure of the 6061-T6 based composite is controlled by cracking of reinforcement particles. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Ramesh, KT (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 122 Latrobe Hall,3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM ramesh@jhu.edu NR 36 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD APR 25 PY 2004 VL 371 IS 1-2 BP 359 EP 370 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2004.01.008 PG 12 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 818IL UT WOS:000221238700047 ER PT J AU Little, SF AF Little, SF TI Western blot analysis of the exotoxin components from Bacillus anthracis separated by isoelectric focusing gel electrophoresis SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Bacillus anthracis; anthrax; exotoxin; isoelectric focusing gel electrophoresis ID PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; LETHAL FACTOR; GUINEA-PIGS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; EDEMA FACTOR; TOXIN; IMMUNITY; MACROPHAGES; RECEPTOR AB The components of the Bacillus anthracis exotoxins, protective antigen (PA), lethal factor (LF), and edema factor (EF), from 24 isolates were separated by isoelectric focusing gel electrophoresis and detected by Western blot with monoclonal antibodies. Only two isoforms each were observed for PA and EF. Four isoforms were identified for LF. The biological activities of both lethal toxin and edema toxin were measured by using in vitro cell-based assays. This study provides another method of characterizing various isolates of B. anthracis by determining the isoelectric points of the exotoxin components and may be useful in the development of protective vaccines against B. anthracis infection. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Little, SF (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM stephen.little@amedd.army.mil NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD APR 23 PY 2004 VL 317 IS 1 BP 294 EP 300 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.03.044 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 810TD UT WOS:000220725700042 PM 15047182 ER PT J AU May, LM Heller, J Kalinsky, V Ejnik, J Cordero, S Oberbroekling, KJ Long, TT Meakim, KCE Cruess, D Lee, AP AF May, LM Heller, J Kalinsky, V Ejnik, J Cordero, S Oberbroekling, KJ Long, TT Meakim, KCE Cruess, D Lee, AP TI Military deployment human exposure assessment: Urine total and isotopic uranium sampling results SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference on Toxicology and Risk Assessment CY APR 28-MAY 01, 2003 CL Fairborn, OH ID DEPLETED URANIUM AB Currently the Department of Defense (DoD) does not use exposure biomarkers to measure service members' exposure to environmental chemicals. Blood and urine exposure biomarkers for volatile organic compounds (VOC), selected heavy metals, depleted uranium (DU), and chemical warfare agents are currently available but have not been field tested or validated by the DoD in military deployments as a tool to document exposures. The Military Deployment Human Exposure Assessment Study, a prospective cohort of 46 soldiers deployed to Bosnia, was designed to field test blood and urine exposure biomarkers as a mechanism to document exposures to these chemicals during military deployments. Blood and urine were collected before, during, and after deployment. Standard questionnaire, environmental, and occupational monitoring data collection methods were conducted for comparison to the exposure biomarker results. This article compares and reports the pre-, during, and postdeployment urine total and isotopic uranium measurements and compares them to perceived exposures captured on questionnaire, to environmental data collected by the United Nations Environmental Program in Bosnia, and to standard U.S. urine uranium reference levels (CDC, 2003). Additionally, the questionnaire and environmental and occupational measurements are reported. The results of the study indicate that exposure biomarkers may be a valuable tool to the DoD in exposure and risk assessment with regard to environmental and occupational exposures to uranium. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Deployment Environm Surveillance Program, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Inst Pathol Environm & Toxicol Chem, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP May, LM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd,Room A1044, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PD APR 23 PY 2004 VL 67 IS 8-10 BP 697 EP 714 DI 10.1080/15287390490428189 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 814CI UT WOS:000220952400008 PM 15192863 ER PT J AU Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR AF Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR TI Enhanced performance of natural graphite in Li-ion battery by oxalatoborate coating SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE graphite; oxalatoborate; lithium bis (oxalato) borate; solid electrolyte interphase; Li-ion battery ID SOLID-ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE; ORIENTED PYROLYTIC-GRAPHITE; VINYLENE CARBONATE; LITHIUM; ANODE; CELLS; SOLVENT; LIBOB AB We report an effect of surface modification on the performance of natural graphite in Li-ion battery. A graphite electrode was treated with a mixed solution of H3BO3 and H2C2O4 (2:3 molar ratio) in methanol, followed by condensation at 100-110degreesC under vacuum. The above treatments result in formation of oxalatoborate coating on the graphite surface. It is shown that the resulting coating can effectively increase reversibility of the initial forming cycle of Li/graphite half-cell. More interestingly, such a coating significantly suppresses self-delithiation of the lithiated graphite, which hence increases the storage performance of Li-ion battery, especially at elevated temperatures. With progressive cycling, the coated graphite shows excellent capacity retention while the control one starts fast capacity fading from around 70th cycle. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM szhang@arl.army.mil RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110 NR 25 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD APR 22 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 2 BP 275 EP 279 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.10.012 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 814GI UT WOS:000220962800018 ER PT J AU Wolfenstine, J AF Wolfenstine, J TI Charge compensation in LiCoO2 SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Letter ID DIFFUSION; CREEP C1 USA, Res Lab, ASMRL SE DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wolfenstine, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, ASMRL SE DC, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM jwolfenstine@arl.army.mil NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD APR 22 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 2 BP 324 EP 325 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.11.042 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 814GI UT WOS:000220962800025 ER PT J AU Roy, CJ Milton, DK AF Roy, CJ Milton, DK TI Airborne transmission of communicable infection - The elusive pathway SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Ctr Aerobiol Sci, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Epidemiol & Risk Program, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Roy, CJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Aerobiol Sci, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RI Milton, Donald/G-3286-2010 OI Milton, Donald/0000-0002-0550-7834 NR 0 TC 110 Z9 113 U1 3 U2 14 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD APR 22 PY 2004 VL 350 IS 17 BP 1710 EP 1712 DI 10.1056/NEJMp048051 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 814AJ UT WOS:000220947300004 PM 15102996 ER PT J AU Bosco, A Centini, M Sciscione, L Sibilia, C Fazio, E Bertolotti, M Fiore, A Convertino, A Cerri, L Scalora, M AF Bosco, A Centini, M Sciscione, L Sibilia, C Fazio, E Bertolotti, M Fiore, A Convertino, A Cerri, L Scalora, M TI Noncollinear type-II second-harmonic generation in a Al(0.3)Ga(0.7)As/Al2O3 one-dimensional photonic crystal SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HARMONIC-GENERATION; BAND-GAP; ENHANCEMENT; TOSYLATE; LATTICE; FINITE AB We demonstrate noncollinear type-II second-harmonic generation in one-dimensional photonic crystals. A 15-period Al(0.3)Ga(0.7)As/Al2O3 structure, 3.5 mum long, was designed, fabricated, and experimentally characterized. We measured an effective nonlinearity of (52+/-12) pm/V in perfect phase-matching conditions. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, INFM, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Quantum Elect & Photon, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. CNR, Inst Photon & Nanotechnol, I-00156 Rome, Italy. CNR, Ist Studio Mat Nanostrutturati, I-00016 Monterotondo, Italy. USA, Missile Command, Weap Sci Directorate, AMSRDIRDWSST,RD&EC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Bosco, A (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, INFM, Via A Scarpa 16, I-00161 Rome, Italy. EM concita.sibilia@uniroma1.it RI Fiore, Andrea/H-2960-2012; OI FAZIO, Eugenio/0000-0002-0995-0702; CENTINI, MARCO/0000-0003-0625-0054 NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 19 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 16 BP 3010 EP 3012 DI 10.1063/1.1713039 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 814LI UT WOS:000220975800014 ER PT J AU Epstein, JE Charoenvit, Y Kester, KE Wang, RB Newcomer, R Fitzpatrick, S Richie, TL Tornieporth, N Heppner, DG Ockenhouse, C Majam, V Holland, C Abot, E Ganeshan, H Berzins, M Jones, T Freydberg, CN Ng, J Norman, J Carucci, DJ Cohen, J Hoffman, SL AF Epstein, JE Charoenvit, Y Kester, KE Wang, RB Newcomer, R Fitzpatrick, S Richie, TL Tornieporth, N Heppner, DG Ockenhouse, C Majam, V Holland, C Abot, E Ganeshan, H Berzins, M Jones, T Freydberg, CN Ng, J Norman, J Carucci, DJ Cohen, J Hoffman, SL TI Safety, tolerability, and antibody responses in humans after sequential immunization with a PfCSP DNA vaccine followed by the recombinant protein vaccine RTS,S/AS02A SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE DNA vaccine; RTS,S; malaria; clinical trial; sequential immunization; prime-boost; circumsporozoite protein; Plasmodium falciparum; prime boost immunization; heterologous prime boost immunization ID FALCIPARUM CIRCUMSPOROZOITE-PROTEIN; HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; MALARIA VACCINE; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; PLASMID DNA; IMMUNOGENICITY; INDUCTION; EFFICACY; VOLUNTEERS AB Optimal protection against malaria may require induction of high levels of protective antibody and CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses. In humans, malaria DNA vaccines elicit CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CTL) and IFNgamma responses as measured by short-term (ex vivo) ELISPOT assays, and recombinant proteins elicit antibodies and excellent T cell responses, but no CD8+ CTL or CD8+ IFNgamma-producing cells as measured by ex vivo ELISPOT. Priming with DNA and boosting with recombinant pox virus elicits much better T cell responses than DNA alone, but not antibody responses. In an attempt to elicit antibodies and enhanced T cell responses, we administered RTS,S/AS02A, a partially protective Plasmodium falciparum recombinant circumsporozoite protein (CSP) vaccine in adjuvant, to volunteers previously immunized with a R falciparum CSP DNA vaccine (VCL-2510) and to naive volunteers. This vaccine regimen was well tolerated and safe. The volunteers who received RTS,S/AS02A alone had, as expected, antibody and CD4+ T cell responses, but no CD8+ T cell responses. Volunteers who received PfCSP DNA followed by RTS,S/AS02A had antibody and CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses (Wang et al., submitted). Sequential immunization with DNA and recombinant protein, also called heterologous prime-boost, led to enhanced immune responses as compared to DNA or recombinant protein alone, suggesting that it might provide enhanced protective immunity. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sanaria Inc, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Malaria Vaccine Program, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Rixensart, Belgium. USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept Def, Bone Marrow Donor Program, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Vical Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Hoffman, SL (reprint author), Sanaria Inc, 1211 Parklawn Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM slhoffman@sanaria.com RI Richie, Thomas/A-8028-2011; Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011; Holland, Carolyn/B-7880-2011; OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802; Richie, Thomas/0000-0002-2946-5456; Denham, Nicole/0000-0002-4618-7144 NR 29 TC 69 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 16 PY 2004 VL 22 IS 13-14 BP 1592 EP 1603 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.01.031 PG 12 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 817BI UT WOS:000221152600002 PM 15068840 ER PT J AU Dworzanski, JP Snyder, AP Chen, R Zhang, HY Wishart, D Li, L AF Dworzanski, JP Snyder, AP Chen, R Zhang, HY Wishart, D Li, L TI Identification of bacteria using tandem mass spectrometry combined with a proteome database and statistical scoring SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MICROORGANISM IDENTIFICATION; MICROBIAL GENOMES; MS/MS SPECTRA; PROTEINS; SEARCH; GENERATION; DIGESTION; SEQUENCES; ALGORITHM AB Detection and identification of pathogenic bacteria and their protein toxins play a crucial role in a proper response to natural or terrorist-caused outbreaks of infectious diseases. The recent availability of whole genome sequences of priority bacterial pathogens opens new diagnostic possibilities for identification of bacteria by retrieving their genomic or proteomic information. We describe a method for identification of bacteria based on tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) analysis of peptides derived from bacterial proteins. This method involves bacterial cell protein extraction, trypsin digestion, liquid chromatography MS/MS analysis of the resulting peptides, and a statistical scoring algorithm to rank MS/MS spectral matching results for bacterial identification. To facilitate spectral data searching, a proteome database was constructed by translating genomes of bacteria of interest with fully or partially determined sequences. In this work, a prototype database was constructed by the automated analysis of 87 publicly available, fully sequenced bacterial genomes with the GLIMMER gene finding software. MS/MS peptide spectral matching for peptide sequence assignment against this proteome database was done by SEQUEST. To gauge the relative significance of the SEQUEST-generated matching parameters for correct peptide assignment, discriminant function (DF) analysis of these parameters was applied and DF scores were used to calculate probabilities of correct MS/MS spectra assignment to peptide sequences in the database. The peptides with DF scores exceeding a threshold value determined by the probability of correct peptide assignment were accepted and matched to the bacterial proteomes represented in the database. Sequence filtering or removal of degenerate peptides matched with multiple bacteria was then performed to further improve identification. It is demonstrated that using a preset criterion with known distributions of discriminant function scores and probabilities of correct peptide sequence assignments, a test bacterium within the 87 database microorganisms can be unambiguously identified. C1 Geocenters Inc, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Chem, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada. Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2N8, Canada. RP Dworzanski, JP (reprint author), Geocenters Inc, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jdworzanski@geo-centers.com; Liang.Li@ualberta.ca RI Li, Liang/D-1822-2011; OI Wishart, David S/0000-0002-3207-2434 NR 37 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD APR 15 PY 2004 VL 76 IS 8 BP 2355 EP 2366 DI 10.1021/ac0349781 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 816FW UT WOS:000221096800026 PM 15080748 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M Cao, G Roy, WN AF Grujicic, M Cao, G Roy, WN TI Atomistic modeling of solubilization of carbon nanotubes by non-covalent functionalization with poly (p-phenylenevinylene-co-2,5-dioctoxy-m-phenylenevinylene) SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE carbon nanotubes; molecular dynamics simulations; functionalization ID FORCE-FIELD; SELECTIVE INTERACTION; CONJUGATED POLYMER; ORGANIC POLYMER; COMPOSITE; COMPASS; BINDING AB Molecular dynamics simulations are carried out to analyze the process of solubilization of the armchair, metallic (10,10) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) functionalized with poly(p-phenylenevinylene-co-2,5-dioctoxy-m-phenylenevinylene) (PmPV-DOctOPV) polymer in toluene. Inter- and intra-molecular atomic interactions in the SWCNT + PmPV-DOctOPV + toluene system are represented using condensed-phased optimized molecular potential for atomistic simulation studies (COMPASS), the first ab initio forcefield that enables an accurate and simultaneous prediction of various gas-phase and condensed-phase properties of organic and inorganic materials. The results obtained shows that due a strong bonding between the SWCNTs and the PmPV-DOctOPV, a homogeneous toluene suspension of the SWCNTs functionalized with PmPV-DOctOPV, obtained via processes such as the sonication, is stable and can be used for separation of the SWCNT bundles into individual nanotubes. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Program Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USA, Res Lab, Proc & Properties Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Program Mat Sci & Engn, Engn Innovat Bldg, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM mica.grujicic@ces.clemson.edu RI Cao, guoxin/A-9790-2012 OI Cao, guoxin/0000-0002-6598-2899 NR 21 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD APR 15 PY 2004 VL 227 IS 1-4 BP 349 EP 363 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2003.12.018 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 813ZD UT WOS:000220944100041 ER PT J AU Pichyangkul, S Yongvanitchit, K Kum-Arb, U Hemmi, H Akira, S Krieg, AM Heppner, DG Stewart, VA Hasegawa, H AF Pichyangkul, S Yongvanitchit, K Kum-Arb, U Hemmi, H Akira, S Krieg, AM Heppner, DG Stewart, VA Hasegawa, H TI Malaria blood stage parasites activate human plasmacytoid dendritic cells and murine dendritic cells through a toll-like receptor 9-dependent pathway SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DELTA-T-CELLS; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; CPG OLIGONUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCES; INTERFERON COMPARTMENT; CEREBRAL MALARIA; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; BACTERIAL-DNA; SUBSETS; MICE; INTERLEUKIN-12 AB A common feature of severe Plasmodium falciparum infection is the increased systemic release of proinflammatory cytokines that contributes to the pathogenesis of malaria. Using human blood, we found that blood stage schizonts or soluble schizont extracts activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) to up-regulate CD86 expression and produce IFN-alpha. IFN-alpha production was also detected in malaria-infected patients, but the levels of circulating PDCs were markedly reduced, possibly because of schizont-stimulated up-regulation of CCR7, which is critical for PDC migration. The schizont-stimulated PDCs elicited a poor T cell response, but promoted gammadelta T cell proliferation and IFN-gamma production. The schizont immune stimulatory effects could be reproduced using murine DCs and required the Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)-MyD88 signaling pathway. Although the only known TLR9 ligand is CpG motifs in pathogen DNA, the activity of the soluble schizont extract was far greater than that of schizont DNA, and it was heat labile and precipitable with ammonium sulfate, unlike the activity of bacterial DNA. These results demonstrate that schizont extracts contain a novel and previously unknown ligand for TLR9 and suggest that the stimulatory effects of this ligand on PDCs may play a key role in immunoregulation and immunopathogenesis of human falciparum malaria. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Osaka Univ, Res Inst Microbial Dis, Dept Hosp Def, Osaka, Japan. Coley Pharmaceut Grp, Wellesley, MA 02481 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Ehime Univ, Sch Med, Matsuyama, Ehime 790, Japan. Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. RP Pichyangkul, S (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM sathitp@afrims.org RI Akira, Shizuo/C-3134-2009; Shanks, George Dennis/F-4056-2014 OI Shanks, George Dennis/0000-0001-5763-8660 NR 43 TC 170 Z9 176 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR 15 PY 2004 VL 172 IS 8 BP 4926 EP 4933 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 811JN UT WOS:000220768300035 PM 15067072 ER PT J AU Fekete, ZA Wilusz, E Karasz, FE AF Fekete, ZA Wilusz, E Karasz, FE TI Modeling of displacement damage in an ion-beam-modified perfluorosulfonate ionomer SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ion-beam irradiation; simulations; fluoropolymers; ionomers ID POLYPROPYLENE SURFACE-PROPERTIES; GAS SEPARATION MEMBRANES; POLYIMIDE FILMS; MODIFIED POLYSILOXANE; POLYMERIC MATERIALS; CHEMICAL-STRUCTURE; IRRADIATION; IMPLANTATION; POLYETHYLENE; DIFFUSION AB A Monte Carlo simulation has been used to model the effects of medium-energy ion-beam modification of Nafion. With typical ion energies of 100-200 keV, the treatment affects the outer 0.5-2-mum surface layer. An equation has been developed for predicting the expected range of implantation as a function of the ion energy and atomic number. The expected range of displacement damage due to the ion beam can similarly be described over the whole parameter range of interest with a double logarithmic fit. A full characterization of the distributions with their first four statistical moments is also presented. The quantitative description of the profiles obtained is useful for the rational design of an ion-beam treatment for the preparation of integrally skinned membranes. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Szeged, Dept Phys Chem, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Karasz, FE (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, 120 Governers Dr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM nlukas@polysci.umass.edu RI Fekete, Zoltan/C-7019-2008 OI Fekete, Zoltan/0000-0002-7677-2678 NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 2004 VL 42 IS 8 BP 1343 EP 1350 DI 10.1002/polb.20010 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 808CS UT WOS:000220547800001 ER PT J AU Campbell, TJ Shaaban, AH Holcomb, FH Salavani, R Binder, MJ AF Campbell, TJ Shaaban, AH Holcomb, FH Salavani, R Binder, MJ TI JP-8 catalytic cracking for compact fuel processors SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on High Energy Density Electrochemical Power Sources CY SEP 17-20, 2003 CL Nice, FRANCE DE fuel cells; reforming; fuel processors; JP-8 catalytic cracking ID CONVERSION AB In processing heavier hydrocarbons such as military logistic fuels (JP-4, JP-5, JP-8, and JP-100), kerosene, gasoline, and diesel to produce hydrogen for fuel cell use, several issues arise. First, these fuels have high Sulfur content, which can poison and deactivate components of the reforming process and the fuel cell stack; second, these fuels may contain non-volatile residue (NVR), up to 1.5 vol.%, which could potentially accumulate in a fuel processor; and third is the high coking potential of heavy hydrocarbons. Catalytic cracking of a distillate fuel prior to reforming can resolve these issues. Cracking using all appropriate catalyst call convert the various heavy organosulfur species in the fuel to lighter Sulfur species such as hydrogen Sulfide (H,S), facilitating subsequent sulfur adsorption on zinc oxide (ZnO). Cracking followed by separation of light cracked gas from heavies effectively eliminates non-volatile aromatic species. Catalytic cracking can also convert heavier hydrocarbons to lights (C-1-C-3) at high conversion, which reduces the potential for coke formation in the reforming process. In this Study, two types of catalysts were compared for JP-8 cracking performance: commercially-available zeolite materials similar to catalysts formulated for fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) processes, and a novel manganese/alumina catalyst, which was previously reported to provide high selectivity to lights and low coke yield. Experiments were designed to test each catalyst's effectiveness under the high space velocity conditions necessary for use in compact, lightweight fuel processor systems. Cracking conversion results, as well as sulfur and hydrocarbon distributions in the light cracked gas, are presented for the two catalysts to provide a performance comparison. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Appl Res Associates Inc, AFRL, MLQD, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. RP Campbell, TJ (reprint author), Appl Res Associates Inc, AFRL, MLQD, 139 Barnes Dr,Suite 2, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. EM tim.campbell@tyndall.af.mil NR 17 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD APR 15 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 1 BP 81 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.11.022 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 810AB UT WOS:000220676100015 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Shadow divers: The true adventure of two Americans who discovered Hitler's lost sub. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD APR 15 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 7 BP 100 EP 100 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 837VK UT WOS:000222668900142 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Spare parts: A marine reservist's journey from campus to combat in 38 days. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD APR 15 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 7 BP 102 EP 102 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 837VK UT WOS:000222668900148 ER PT J AU Ayyagari, VN Januszkiewicz, A Nath, J AF Ayyagari, VN Januszkiewicz, A Nath, J TI Pro-inflammatory responses of human bronchial epithelial cells to acute nitrogen dioxide exposure SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nitrogen dioxide (NO2); nitric oxide (NO); interleukin-8 (IL-8); human bronchial epithelial cells; tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; ASTHMATIC-PATIENTS; TNF-ALPHA; IN-VITRO; IL-8 EXPRESSION; IFN-GAMMA; RAT LUNG; CYTOKINES; NO2; MACROPHAGES AB Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an environmental oxidant, known to be associated with lung epithelial injury. In the present study, cellular pro-inflammatory responses following exposure to a brief high concentration of NO2 (45 ppm) were assessed, using normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells as an in vitro model of inhalation injury. Generation and release of pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), IL-8, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-1beta were assessed at different time intervals following NO2 exposure. Effects of a pre-existing inflammatory condition was tested by treating the NHBE cells with different inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-gamma, IL-8, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, either alone or in combination, before exposing them to NO2 . Immunofluorescence studies confirmed oxidant-induced formation of 3-nitrotyrosine in the NO2-exposed cells. A marked increase in the levels of nitrite (as an index of NO) and IL-8 were observed in the NO2-exposed cells, which were further enhanced in the presence of the cytokines. Effects of various NO inhibitors combined, with immunofluorescence and Western blotting data, indicated partial contribution of the nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) toward the observed increase in nitrite levels. Furthermore, a significant increase in IL-1beta and TNF-alpha generation was observed in the NO2-exposed cells. Although NO2 exposure alone did induce slight cytotoxicity (< 12%), but presence of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma resulted in an increased cell death (28-36%). These results suggest a synergistic role of, inflammatory mediators, particularly of NO and IL-8, in NO2-mediated early cellular changes. Our results also demonstrate an increased sensitivity of the cytokine-treated NHBE cells toward NO2, which may have significant functional implications in vivo. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resp Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Nath, J (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resp Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM jayasree.nath@na.amedd.army.mil NR 46 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD APR 15 PY 2004 VL 197 IS 2 BP 149 EP 164 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2003.12.017 PG 16 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 804UD UT WOS:000220322700007 PM 15003325 ER PT J AU Wood, RJ Tchack, L Angelo, G Pratt, RE Sonna, LA AF Wood, RJ Tchack, L Angelo, G Pratt, RE Sonna, LA TI DNA microarray analysis of vitamin D-induced gene expression in a human colon carcinoma cell line SO PHYSIOLOGICAL GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE high-density oligonucleotide arrays; calcitriol; Caco-2 cells ID CACO-2 CELLS; GROWTH-FACTOR; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3; CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGEN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; CALCIUM-TRANSPORT; INVITRO MODEL; CANCER-CELLS; D-RECEPTOR; D ANALOGS AB The full extent to which 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 affects gene expression in human intestinal epithelial cells is unknown. We used oligonucleotide arrays to catalog vitamin D-induced changes in gene expression in Caco-2 cells, a human colon carcinoma cell line. Five paired sets of Caco-2 cell cultures were subjected to either control conditions or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (10(-7) mol/l X 24 h), and RNA was analyzed on an Affymetrix cDNA array containing 12,625 human sequences. Only 13 sequences representing 12 distinct genes exhibited statistically significant changes in expression of twofold or greater and were also called as "present" or "marginal" by the array-reading software in all five experiments. Genes regulated by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D included two previously known genes (25-hydroxyvitamin D-24-hydroxylase and amphiregulin) and 10 genes (sorcin, Gem, adaptin-gamma, TIG1, CEACAM(6), carbonic anhydrase XII, junB, ceruloplasmin, and two unidentified sequences) that were novel. We tested and independently confirmed the effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D on 11 of these genes by RT-PCR. Increased protein expression was tested and confirmed in two of the novel 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-regulated genes, ceruloplasmin and sorcin. The known function of these genes suggests that many of them could be involved in the antiproliferative effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3. C1 Tufts Univ, USDA HNRCA, Mineral Bioavailabil Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Cardiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Gene Array Technol Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Wood, RJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA HNRCA, Mineral Bioavailabil Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM richard.wood@tufts.edu NR 48 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1094-8341 J9 PHYSIOL GENOMICS JI Physiol. Genomics PD APR 13 PY 2004 VL 17 IS 2 BP 122 EP 129 DI 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00002.2003 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Physiology GA 829YR UT WOS:000222088800006 PM 14996990 ER PT J AU Konorov, SO Mitrokhin, VP Fedotov, AB Sidorov-Biryukov, DA Beloglazov, VI Skibina, NB Shcherbakov, AV Wintner, E Scalora, M Zheltikov, AM AF Konorov, SO Mitrokhin, VP Fedotov, AB Sidorov-Biryukov, DA Beloglazov, VI Skibina, NB Shcherbakov, AV Wintner, E Scalora, M Zheltikov, AM TI Laser ablation of dental tissues with picosecond pulses of 1.06-mu m radiation transmitted through a hollow-core photonic-crystal fiber SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-FIBERS; BREAKDOWN; DENTISTRY; DELIVERY; PLASMA; MODES; LIGHT AB Sequences of picosecond pulses of 1.06-mum Nd:YAG laser radiation with a total energy of similar to2 mJ are transmitted through a hollow-core photonic-crystal fiber with a core diameter of similar to14.1 mum and are focused onto a tooth's surface in vitro to ablate dental tissue. The hollow-core photonic-crystal fiber is shown to support the single-fundamental-mode regime for 1.06-mum laser radiation, serving as a spatial filter and allowing the laser beam's quality to be substantially improved. The same fiber is used to transmit emission from plasmas produced by laser pulses onto the tooth's surface in the backward direction for detection and optical diagnostics. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Int Laser, Moscow 119899, Russia. USA, Weapons Sci Directorate, Aviat & Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Photon, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. Technol & Equipment Glass Struct Inst, Saratov 410044, Russia. RP Zheltikov, AM (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Int Laser, Vorobevy Gory, Moscow 119899, Russia. EM zheltikov@top.phys.msu.su NR 26 TC 47 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD APR 10 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 11 BP 2251 EP 2256 DI 10.1364/AO.43.002251 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 811GF UT WOS:000220759700007 PM 15098826 ER PT J AU Moon, SY Chang, GY AF Moon, SY Chang, GY TI A complication of cosmetic surgery SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Army Gen Hosp 121st, Seoul, South Korea. RP Moon, SY (reprint author), US Army Gen Hosp 121st, Seoul, South Korea. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD APR 8 PY 2004 VL 350 IS 15 BP 1549 EP 1549 DI 10.1056/NEJMicm010941 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 810CI UT WOS:000220682000010 PM 15071129 ER PT J AU Kumar, R Bruno, F Parmar, VS Kumar, J Watterson, AC Chittibabu, KG Samuelson, LA AF Kumar, R Bruno, F Parmar, VS Kumar, J Watterson, AC Chittibabu, KG Samuelson, LA TI "Green"-enzymatic synthesis of pegylated phenolic macromer and polymer SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS; SOLID-STATE; CONDUCTING POLYANILINE; BATTERIES; COPOLYMERS; UNITS AB Environmentally benign synthesis of novel pegylated polyphenolics, by combining the extraordinary selectivities of a lipase and an oxidase to develop polymeric electrolytes for applications in dye sensitised solar cells. C1 USA, RDECOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Inst Nanosci Engn & Technol, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Delhi, Dept Chem, Bioorgan Lab, Delhi 110007, India. RP Parmar, VS (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PD APR 7 PY 2004 IS 7 BP 862 EP 863 DI 10.1039/b400404c PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 816QL UT WOS:000221124300066 PM 15045101 ER PT J AU Grant, SA Or, D AF Grant, SA Or, D TI Relationship between temperature sensitivity of capillary pressure and soil particle size SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB [1] In a review of data in the published literature, we found that the effect of temperature on capillary pressure in natural soils increased with decreasing geometric mean soil particle diameter. This observation had implications both for hydrologic modeling and for elucidating the mechanisms that controlled the temperature sensitivity of capillary pressure. Two mechanisms were suggested to explain this observation. The first mechanism proposed that changes in soil mineral particle size resulted in changes in the proportion of hydrophyllic and hydrophobic surfaces, yielding changes in their wettabilities, and temperature effects on capillary pressure. The second mechanism proposed that the observation was due to the effect of soil particle size on disjoining pressure. A model derived from the second mechanism could be fitted to the available data and yielded parameter estimates consistent with current models of disjoining pressure profiles above surfaces. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Grant, SA (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM steven.a.grant@erdc.usace.army.mil; dani@engr.uconn.edu RI Or, Dani/D-8768-2012 OI Or, Dani/0000-0002-3236-2933 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD APR 7 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 7 AR L07501 DI 10.1029/2003GL019211 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 813NY UT WOS:000220915000005 ER PT J AU D'Amico, AV Moul, JW Carroll, PR Cote, K Sun, L Lubeck, D Renshaw, AA Loffredo, M Chen, MH AF D'Amico, AV Moul, JW Carroll, PR Cote, K Sun, L Lubeck, D Renshaw, AA Loffredo, M Chen, MH TI Intermediate end point for prostate cancer-specific mortality following salvage hormonal therapy for prostate-specific antigen failure SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Article ID RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; RADIATION-THERAPY; CAPSURE DATABASE; PROGRESSION; RECURRENCE; TRIAL AB Background: Whether the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response to salvage hormonal therapy can act as an intermediate end point for prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) remains unclear. Therefore, we evaluated whether PSA response, defined as the absolute value of the ratio of the rate of PSA change after salvage hormonal therapy to the rate of PSA change before salvage therapy, is associated with the time to PCSM following salvage hormonal therapy. Methods: A single-institution and two pooled multi-institution databases containing baseline, treatment, and follow-up information on men who received salvage hormonal therapy for PSA failure following surgery or radiation therapy from January 1, 1988, to January 1, 2002, formed the study (n = 199) and validation cohorts (n = 1255), respectively. The ability of PSA response and its constituents (i.e., pre-salvage hormonal therapy PSA slope and post-salvage hormonal therapy PSA slope) to predict time to PCSM following salvage hormonal therapy was assessed using Cox regression analysis. For illustrative purposes, PSA response was analyzed as a dichotomous variable with a breakpoint for the ratio of PSA response of 1. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: PSA response was statistically significantly associated with time to PCSM following salvage hormonal therapy in both the study (P-Cox = .0014) and validation (P-Cox < .001) cohorts; however, its constituents were not (pre-salvage hormonal therapy PSA Slope: PCox-study = .97, PCox-validation = .57; post-salvage hormonal therapy PSA slope: PCox-study = .27, PCox-validation = .31). Patients with a PSA response that was less than or equal to 1 had a statistically significantly shorter time to PCSM than patients with a PSA response of greater than 1 in both the study (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3 to 10.3; P-Cox = .01) and validation (HR = 12.8, 95% CI = 6.2 to 26.3; P-Cox < .001) cohorts. Conclusion: The PSA response to salvage hormonal therapy can serve as an intermediate end point for PCSM in patients with a rising PSA level following surgery or radiation therapy. C1 Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, ASBI, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Urol Serv, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Stat, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP D'Amico, AV (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, ASBI, 75 Francis St,L2, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM adamico@lroc.harvard.edu NR 24 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0027-8874 J9 J NATL CANCER I JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD APR 7 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 7 BP 509 EP 515 DI 10.1093/jnci/djh086 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 810LF UT WOS:000220705100006 PM 15069112 ER PT J AU Konorov, SO Mitrokhin, VP Fedotov, AB Sidorov-Biryukov, DA Beloglazov, VI Skibina, NB Wintner, E Scalora, M Zheltikov, AM AF Konorov, SO Mitrokhin, VP Fedotov, AB Sidorov-Biryukov, DA Beloglazov, VI Skibina, NB Wintner, E Scalora, M Zheltikov, AM TI Hollow-core photonic-crystal fibres for laser dentistry SO PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL FIBERS; PULSES; BREAKDOWN; ABLATION; DELIVERY; LIGHT; MODES AB Hollow-core photonic-crystal fibres (PCFs) for the delivery of high-fluence laser radiation capable of ablating tooth enamel are developed. Sequences of picosecond pulses of 1.06 mum Nd:YAG-laser radiation with a total energy of about 2 mJ are transmitted through a hollow-core photonic-crystal fibre with a core diameter of approximately 14 mum and are focused on a tooth surface in vitro to ablate dental tissue. The hollow-core PCF is shown to support the single-fundamental-mode regime for 1.06 mum laser radiation, serving as a spatial filter and allowing the laser beam quality to be substantially improved. The same fibre is used to transmit emission from plasmas produced by laser pulses on the tooth surface in the backward direction for detection and optical diagnostics. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Ctr Int Laser, Dept Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. Technol & Equipment Glass Struct Inst, Saratov 410044, Russia. Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Photon, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. USA, Aviat & Missile Command Huntsville, Weapons Sci Directorate, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Konorov, SO (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Ctr Int Laser, Dept Phys, Vorobevy Gory, Moscow 119899, Russia. NR 29 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-9155 EI 1361-6560 J9 PHYS MED BIOL JI Phys. Med. Biol. PD APR 7 PY 2004 VL 49 IS 7 BP 1359 EP 1368 AR PII S0031-9155(04)74302-X DI 10.1088/0031-9155/49/7/021 PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 816KO UT WOS:000221109000022 PM 15128211 ER PT J AU Buyanova, IA Izadifard, M Chen, WM Kim, J Ren, F Thaler, G Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Pan, CC Chen, GT Chyi, JI Zavada, JM AF Buyanova, IA Izadifard, M Chen, WM Kim, J Ren, F Thaler, G Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Pan, CC Chen, GT Chyi, JI Zavada, JM TI On the origin of spin loss in GaMnN/InGaN light-emitting diodes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; GAN AB Spin polarization of GaMnN/InGaN light-emitting diodes grown by molecular beam epitaxy is analyzed. In spite of the ferromagnetic behavior of the GaMnN spin injector, the diodes are shown to exhibit very low efficiency of spin injection. Based on resonant optical orientation spectroscopy, the spin loss in the structures is shown to be largely due to fast spin relaxation within the InGaN spin detector, which itself destroys any spin polarization generated by optical spin orientation or electrical spin injection. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Natl Cent Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. EM irb@ifm.liu.se RI Chen, Weimin/J-4660-2012; Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013; Buyanova, Irina/A-8924-2015; Chyi, Jen-Inn/A-1799-2016 OI Chen, Weimin/0000-0002-6405-9509; Buyanova, Irina/0000-0001-7155-7103; NR 19 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 5 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 14 BP 2599 EP 2601 DI 10.1063/1.1695100 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 808RS UT WOS:000220586800043 ER PT J AU Little, JW Leavitt, RP AF Little, JW Leavitt, RP TI Compositionally graded contact layers in quantum-well infrared photodetectors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION; ASYMMETRY AB We have observed a threshold voltage, below which no photocurrent flows, in a class of midwave quantum-well infrared photodetectors using (In,Ga)As/(In,Al)As lattice matched to InP substrates. We propose that this threshold voltage is the result of internal fields established at the interface between doped contact layers and the doped quantum wells in the detector. We show that compositionally graded contact layers can be used to eliminate the threshold voltage and to enhance the low-bias performance of the detectors. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Little, JW (reprint author), USA, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM jlittle@arl.army.mil NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 5 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 14 BP 2682 EP 2684 DI 10.1063/1.1697643 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 808RS UT WOS:000220586800071 ER PT J AU Baskaran, D Mays, JW Bratcher, MS AF Baskaran, D Mays, JW Bratcher, MS TI Polymer-grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes through surface-initiated polymerization SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE carbon; copolymerization; nanotubes; polymers ID FUNCTIONALIZATION C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, AMSRL,WM,MA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Baskaran, D (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM baskaran@novell.chem.utk.edu RI Durairaj, Baskaran/C-3692-2009 OI Durairaj, Baskaran/0000-0002-6886-5604 NR 17 TC 289 Z9 294 U1 5 U2 53 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PD APR 4 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 16 BP 2138 EP 2142 DI 10.1002/anie.200353329 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 814WS UT WOS:000221005400020 PM 15083466 ER PT J AU Scafetta, N West, BJ AF Scafetta, N West, BJ TI Multiscaling comparative analysis of time series and a discussion on "earthquake conversations" in California SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION AB Time series are characterized by complex memory and/or distribution patterns. In this Letter we show that stochastic models characterized by different statistics may equally well reproduce some pattern of a time series. In particular, we discuss the difference between Levy-walk and fractal Gaussian intermittent signals and show that the adoption of complementary scaling analysis techniques may be useful to distinguish the two cases. Finally, we apply this methodology to the earthquake occurrences in California and suggest the possibility that earthquake occurrences are described by a colored ("long-range correlated") generalized Poisson model. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Scafetta, N (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RI West, Bruce/E-3944-2017; OI Scafetta, Nicola/0000-0003-0967-1911 NR 19 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 2 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 13 AR 138501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.138501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 808ZE UT WOS:000220606200062 PM 15089646 ER PT J AU Wei, Q Kecskes, L Jiao, T Hartwig, KT Ramesh, KT Ma, E AF Wei, Q Kecskes, L Jiao, T Hartwig, KT Ramesh, KT Ma, E TI Adiabatic shear banding in ultrafine-grained Fe processed by severe plastic deformation SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE shear hands; severe plastic deformation; ultrafine microstructure; mechanical properties; dynamic behavior; Fe ID LOW-CARBON STEEL; CHANNEL ANGULAR EXTRUSION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT; NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; IRON; NANOCRYSTALLINE; BEHAVIOR; REFINEMENT; EVOLUTION AB We have investigated the plastic deformation behavior of ultrafine-grained (UFG) bulk Fe. The UFG microstructure (grain size similar to300 and similar to150 nm) was obtained through combined equal channel angular extrusion and low-temperature rolling, and confirmed using transmission electron microscopy. Mechanical properties were measured under both quasi-static (strain rate in the range of 10(-4)-10(0) s(-1)) and dynamic (strain rate Up to similar to10(3) s(-1) using the Kolsky bar technique) compressive loading. Dynamic stress-strain curves of the UFG Fe exhibit significant flow softening, in addition to a significant reduction in the strain rate sensitivity of the flow stress. Consequently, under dynamic loading the plastic flow mode changes from the uniform deformation of conventional coarse-grained Fe to substantial localized deformation in UFG Fe. Both in situ high-speed camera movies and post-loading optical and scanning electron microscopy show the development of adiabatic shear hands, observed for the first time in pure Fe under compressive loading conditions. The morphology of the shear bands and the increased propensity for flow localization due to the ultrafine grain structure are explained using established models for adiabatic shear banding. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Adv Met & Ceram Syst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Wei, Q (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Adv Met & Ceram Syst, 223 Latrobe Hall, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM qwei@pegasus.mc.jhu.edu RI Wei, Qiuming/B-7579-2008; Ma, En/A-3232-2010; Kecskes, Laszlo/F-6880-2014 OI Kecskes, Laszlo/0000-0002-1342-3729 NR 61 TC 170 Z9 174 U1 9 U2 98 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2004 VL 52 IS 7 BP 1859 EP 1869 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.12.025 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 814VD UT WOS:000221001300010 ER EF