FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Juliano, TF VanLandingham, MR Tweedie, CA Van Vliet, KJ AF Juliano, T. F. VanLandingham, M. R. Tweedie, C. A. Van Vliet, K. J. TI Multiscale creep compliance of epoxy networks at elevated temperatures SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE spherical indentation; linear viscoelastic; shear bending ID VISCOELASTIC HALF-SPACE; INSTRUMENTED INDENTATION; CROSSLINK DENSITY; ELASTIC-MODULUS; NANOINDENTATION; POLYMERS; INDENTER; NANOCOMPOSITES; BEHAVIOR; HARDNESS AB Epoxy networks are thermoset polymers for which an important structural length scale, molecular weight between crosslinks (M-c), influences physical and mechanical properties. In the present work, creep compliance was measured for three aliphatic epoxy networks of differing Mc using both macroscale torsion and microscale depth-sensing indentation at temperatures of 25 and 55 degrees C. Analytical relations were used to compute creep compliance (J(t)) for each approach; similar results were observed for the two techniques at 25 degrees C, but not at 55 degrees C. Although creep compliance measurement differed at elevated temperatures, there were clear correlations between Mc, glass transition temperature, T-g, and the observed time-dependent mechanical behavior via both techniques at 55 degrees C, but these correlations could not be seen at 25 degrees C. This work demonstrates the capacity of depth-sensing indentation to differentiate among epoxy networks of differing structural configurations via J(t) for small material volumes at elevated temperatures. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP VanLandingham, MR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM mark.vanlandingham@arl.army.mil NR 27 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0014-4851 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 47 IS 1 BP 99 EP 105 DI 10.1007/s11340-006-8276-5 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 135XH UT WOS:000244186700009 ER PT J AU Bousch, DG Geisbert, TW AF Bousch, Daniel G. Geisbert, Thomas W. TI Development of vaccines for Marburg hemorrhagic fever SO EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES LA English DT Review DE Filoviridae; filovirus; Marburg hemorrhagic fever; Marburg virus; pathogenesis; vaccines ID VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS; CERCOPITHECUS-AETHIOPS MONKEYS; ATTENUATED RECOMBINANT VACCINE; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PROTECTS GUINEA-PIGS; EBOLA-VIRUS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; ADENOVIRUS VECTORS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; AGENT DISEASE AB Marburg (MARV) and Ebola viruses (EBOV) emerged from the rainforests; of Central Africa more than 30 years ago causing outbreaks of severe and, usually, fatal hemorrhagic fever. EBOV has garnered the lion's share of the attention, fueled by the higher frequency of EBOV outbreaks, high mortality rates and importation into the USA, documented in such popular works as the best-selling novel 'The Hot Zone'. However, recent large outbreaks of hundreds of cases of MARV infection in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola with case fatalities approaching 90% dramatically highlight its lethal potential. Although no vaccines or antiviral drugs for MARV are currently available, remarkable progress has been made over the last few years in developing potential countermeasures against MARV in nonhuman primate models. In particular, a vaccine based on attenuated recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus was recently shown to have both preventive and postexposure efficacy. C1 Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Trop Med, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Viral Pathol & Ultrastruct, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Bousch, DG (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Trop Med, SL-17,1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. EM dbausch@tulane.edu NR 158 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1476-0584 J9 EXPERT REV VACCINES JI Expert Rev. Vaccines PD FEB PY 2007 VL 6 IS 1 BP 57 EP 74 DI 10.1586/14760584.6.1.57 PG 18 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 136OU UT WOS:000244234800016 PM 17280479 ER PT J AU Elkas, JC Winter, WE Chernofsky, MR Sunde, J Bidus, MA Bernstein, S Rose, GS AF Elkas, John C. Winter, William E., III Chernofsky, Mildred R. Sunde, Jan Bidus, Michael A. Bernstein, Sarah Rose, G. Scott TI A phase I trial of oxaliplatin and topotecan in recurrent ovarian carcinoma SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE oxaliplatin; topotecan; phase I; ovarian cancer ID PLATINUM-BASED CHEMOTHERAPY; GYNECOLOGIC-ONCOLOGY-GROUP; CANCER-PATIENTS; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; SALVAGE THERAPY; SINGLE-AGENT; COMBINATION; CISPLATIN; PACLITAXEL; INFUSION AB Objective. Oxaliplatin and topotecan have demonstrated activity as single agents against recurrent platinum-sensitive and -resistant ovarian cancer, as well as synergy in vitro. This was a dose-finding study of combination therapy with weekly topotecan and alternating-week oxaliplatin in patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods. Eligible patients had a diagnosis of recurrent ovarian or primary peritoneal carcinoma, a performance status of 0-2, and normal bone marrow, renal, and hepatic function. On days 1 and 15 of a 28-day cycle, patients received a fixed dose of oxaliplatin (85 mg/m(2)) via intravenous infusion. On days 1, 8, and 15, patients received an escalating dose of intravenous topotecan (2.0-4.0 mg/m(2)). Five dose levels were planned with a minimum cohort of 3 patients at each level. Results. Thirteen patients were enrolled and received a total of 50 cycles of chemotherapy. The maximum tolerated dose was 85 mg/m(2) of oxaliplatin and 3.0 mg/m(2) of topotecan, and grade 3 neutropenia was the dose-limiting toxicity. Four of nine (44%) evaluable patients had stable disease or a partial response to the drug combination as assessed by cancer antigen-125 levels. Conclusions. A 28-day schedule of oxaliplatin and topotecan is safe and well tolerated. Because of the in vitro synergy observed between topoisomerase 1 inhibitors and platinum derivatives and the tolerability reported in the current study, this regimen warrants further investigation. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Elkas, JC (reprint author), No Virginia Pelv Surg Assoc, 3289 Wooldburn Rd,Suite 320, Annandale, VA 22003 USA. EM jelkas@nvpsa.net NR 29 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 104 IS 2 BP 422 EP 427 DI 10.1016/j.ygyno.2006.08.011 PG 6 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 134RI UT WOS:000244101200026 PM 16996118 ER PT J AU Rovira, E McGarry, K Parasuraman, R AF Rovira, Ericka McGarry, Kathleen Parasuraman, Raja TI Effects of imperfect automation on decision making in a simulated command and control task SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article ID WORKLOAD; FLIGHT; TRUST AB Objective: Effects of four types of automation support and two levels of automation reliability were examined. The objective was to examine the differential impact of information and decision automation and to investigate the costs of automation unreliability. Background: Research has shown that imperfect automation can lead to differential effects of stages and levels of automation on human performance. Method: Eighteen participants performed a "sensor to shooter" targeting simulation of command and control. Dependent variables included accuracy and response time of target engagement decisions, secondary task performance, and subjective ratings of mental workload, trust, and self-confidence. Results: Compared with manual performance, reliable automation significantly reduced decision times. Unreliable automation led to greater cost in decision-making accuracy under the higher automation reliability condition for three different forms of decision automation relative to information automation. At low automation reliability, however, there was a cost in performance for both information and decision automation. Conclusion: The results are consistent with a model of human-automation interaction that requires evaluation of the different stages of information processing to which automation support can be applied. Application: If fully reliable decision automation cannot be guaranteed, designers should provide users with information automation support or other tools that allow for inspection and analysis of raw data. C1 Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Rovira, E (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, 267C Thayer Hall Engn Psychol,MADN-BS&L-646 Swift, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Ericka.Rovira@usma.edu NR 31 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 7 PU HUMAN FACTORS SOC PI SANTA MONICA PA BOX 1369, SANTA MONICA, CA 90406 USA SN 0018-7208 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD FEB PY 2007 VL 49 IS 1 BP 76 EP 87 DI 10.1518/001872007779598082 PG 12 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA 140VW UT WOS:000244535800009 PM 17315845 ER PT J AU Talcott, CP Bennett, KB Martinez, SG Shattuck, LG Stansifer, C AF Talcott, Christopher P. Bennett, Kevin B. Martinez, Silas G. Shattuck, Lawrence G. Stansifer, Craig TI Perception-action icons: An interface design strategy for intermediate domains SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article ID DISPLAY DESIGN; PERFORMANCE AB Objective: A prototype interface was developed to support decision making during tactical operations; a laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the capability of this interface to support a critical activity (i.e., obtaining the status of friendly combat resources). Background: Effective interface design strategies have been developed for domains that have primarily law-driven (e.g., process control) or intentdriven (e.g., information retrieval) constraints. However, design strategies for intermediate domains in which both types of constraints are equally critical, such as military command and control, have not been explored as extensively. The principles of direct perception, direct manipulation, and perception-action loops were used to develop a hybrid interface design strategy ("perception-action icons") that was incorporated into the prototype interface. Methods: A qualitative tactical simulation and an alternative interface (an experimental version of an existing U.S. Army interface) were developed. Participants used both interfaces to provide estimates of friendly combat resources for three different categories of information at three different echelon levels. Results: The results were unequivocal, indicating that the interface with perception-action icons produced significantly better performance. Conclusion: The perception-action icon design strategy was very effective in this experimental context. The potential for this design strategy to be useful for other intermediate domains is explored. Application: Actual or potential applications of this research include both specific interface design strategies for military command and control and general interface design principles for intermediate work domains. C1 Wright State Univ, Dept Psychol, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Bennett, KB (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Psychol, 335 Fawcett Hall, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. EM kevin.bennett@wright.edu NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU HUMAN FACTORS SOC PI SANTA MONICA PA BOX 1369, SANTA MONICA, CA 90406 USA SN 0018-7208 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD FEB PY 2007 VL 49 IS 1 BP 120 EP 135 DI 10.1518/001872007779598064 PG 16 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA 140VW UT WOS:000244535800013 PM 17315849 ER PT J AU Tang, J Xu, ZY Sadler, BA AF Tang, Jin Xu, Zhengyuan Sadler, Brian A. TI Performance analysis of b-bit digital receivers for TR-UWB systems with inter-pulse interference SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications CY JUN 05-08, 2005 CL Columbia Univ, Italian Acad Advanced Studies Amer, New York, NY SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc HO Columbia Univ, Italian Acad Advanced Studies Amer DE bit error rate performance; digital receiver; inter-pulse interference; quantization error; transmitted reference; ultra-wideband ID ULTRAWIDEBAND COMMUNICATIONS; UNKNOWN CHANNELS; COMMUNICATION AB An ultra-wideband (UWB) transmitted reference (TR) system transmits an un-modulated pulse and a delayed modulated pulse pair. Then, a correlation receiver uses the former to demodulate the latter. Because of the long spread of a typical UWB channel, time delay between the two pulses is preferable to be larger than the channel delay spread for reduced noise at the receiver. However, for bandwidth efficiency, that delay should be made small, resulting in inter-pulse interference at the receiver. In this paper, digital receivers are constructed for TR-UWB systems including inter-pulse interference. A typical mean matching technique, appropriate for both PPM and PAM schemes, is implemented digitally to obtain a good template for symbol detection. Joint estimation and detection performance of this family of digital receivers, using finite number of bits in analog-to-digital conversion and finite noisy observations, is analyzed. Closed form results are derived and verified by computer simulations. In addition, the effect of time offset between the reference pulse and information carrying pulse is studied. Overlap of the two pulses does not incur noticeable performance degradation. The proposed analytical framework can be applied to study detection performance of other related, digital receivers not covered in this paper. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Elect Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,CI,CN, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Tang, J (reprint author), Neology Inc, 13000 Gregg St, Poway, CA 92064 USA. EM jin.tang@ieee.org; dxu@ee.ucr.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil NR 25 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1536-1276 J9 IEEE T WIREL COMMUN JI IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 6 IS 2 BP 494 EP 505 DI 10.1109/TWC.2007.05170 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 150HC UT WOS:000245205300015 ER PT J AU Guo, JR You, C Chu, M Curran, PF Diao, J Goda, B Jin, P Kraft, RP McDonald, JF AF Guo, J.-R. You, C. Chu, M. Curran, P. F. Diao, J. Goda, B. Jin, P. Kraft, R. P. McDonald, J. F. TI Silicon germanium programmable circuits for gigahertz applications SO IET CIRCUITS DEVICES & SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SPEED; TECHNOLOGY AB Implementation of a silicon germanium (SiGe) field programmable gate array (FPGA) has been described. The reconfigurable basic cell (BC) that evolved from the Xilinx XC6200 has been redesigned to achieve high speed with lower power consumption. The propagation delay of the BC in comparison to the BC implemented in the earlier generation SiGe process has been reduced to 18% of its original value (from 240 to 42 ps) and the power consumption has been comparably reduced. The range of power reduction is from 13% of its original value when the BC is fully turned on down to 2% when the power saving scheme is applied. A 20 x 20 SiGe FPGA with physical dimensions of 4.5 x 4.8 mm has been fabricated using the IBM 120 GHz (7HP) process. To deliver a 10 GHz clock, an H tree has been designed and implemented with reduced skew. To demonstrate its performance, a 4: 1 multiplexer (MUX) has been mapped for comparison with various CMOS FPGAs. The SiGe FPGA can achieve an 8 Gbps transmission rate, which is a 40 times improvement over the same implementation on a Xilinx Virtex CMOS FPGA. Other comparisons between the SiGe FPGA and commercial FPGAs have also been included. From simulations and measurements, the SiGe FPGAs have been shown to have high performance that can successfully tackle gigahertz applications. C1 IBM Corp, Fishkill, NY 12533 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Elect Comp & Syst Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Sierra Monolith, Redondo Beach, CA 90277 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Guo, JR (reprint author), IBM Corp, Fishkill, NY 12533 USA. EM jrguo2000@gmail.com NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU INSTITUTION ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 1751-858X J9 IET CIRC DEVICE SYST JI IET Circ. Devices Syst. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 1 IS 1 BP 27 EP 33 DI 10.1049/iet-cds:20050065 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 162RC UT WOS:000246106200005 ER PT J AU Brando, C Ware, LA Freyberger, H Kathcart, A Barbosa, A Cayphas, S Demoitie, MA Mettens, P Heppner, DG Lanar, DE AF Brando, Clara Ware, Lisa A. Freyberger, Helen Kathcart, April Barbosa, Arnoldo Cayphas, Sylvie Demoitie, Marie-Ange Mettens, Pascal Heppner, D. Gray Lanar, David E. TI Murine immune responses to liver-stage antigen 1 protein FMP011, a malaria vaccine candidate, delivered with adjuvant AS01B or AS02A SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM SPOROZOITES; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; YOUNG AFRICAN CHILDREN; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; BERGHEI SPOROZOITES; SURFACE PROTEIN-2; GAMMA RESPONSES; VIVAX MALARIA; B-CELL AB Liver-stage antigen 1 (LSA1) is expressed by Plasmodium falciparum only during the intrahepatic cell stage of the parasite's development. Immunoepidemiological studies in regions where malaria is endemic suggested an association between the level of LSA1-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and susceptibility to clinical malaria. A recombinant LSA1 protein, FMP011, has been manufactured as a preerythrocytic vaccine to induce an immune response that would have the effect of controlling parasitemia and disease in humans. To evaluate the immunogenicity of FMP011, we analyzed the immune response of three inbred strains of mice to antigen immunization using two different adjuvant formulations, AS01B and AS02A. We report here the ability of BALB/c and A/J mice, but not C57BL/6J mice, to mount FMP011-specific humoral (antibody titer) and cellular (gamma interferon [IFN-gamma] production) responses following immunization with FMP011 formulated in AS01B or AS02A. Immunization of BALB/c and A/J mice with FMP011/AS01B induced more antigen-specific IFN-gamma-producing splenocytes than immunization with FMP011/AS02A. A slightly higher titer of antibody was induced using AS02A than AS01B in both strains. C57BL/6J mice did not respond with any detectable FMP011-specific IFN-gamma splenocytes or antibody when immunized with FMP011 in AS01B or AS02A. Intracellular staining of cells isolated from ITNIP011/AS0113-immunized BALB/c mice indicated that CD4(+) cells, but not CD8(+) cells, were the main IFN-gamma-producing splenocyte. However, inclusion of blocking anti-CD4(+) antibody during the in vitro restimulation ELISpot analysis failed to completely abolish IFN-gamma production, indicating that while CD4(+) T cells were the major source of IFN-gamma, other cell types also were involved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Malaria Vaccine Dev, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Barcelona, Inst Invest Biomed August Pi i Sunyer, Hosp Clin Barcelona, Ctr Salut Int, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain. GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Rixensart, Belgium. RP Lanar, DE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Malaria Vaccine Dev, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Bldg 503,Forest Glen Annex, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM david.lanar@us.army.mil RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011; OI Barbosa, Arnoldo/0000-0001-8652-7396 NR 46 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 75 IS 2 BP 838 EP 845 DI 10.1128/IAI.01075-06 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 131JQ UT WOS:000243865500032 PM 17101665 ER PT J AU Kwon, H Nasrabadi, NM AF Kwon, Heesung Nasrabadi, Nasser M. TI Kernel spectral matched filter for hyperspectral imagery SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER VISION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Workshop on Object Tracking and Classification Beyond the Visible Spectrum CY JUN 22, 2006 CL New York, NY SP IEEE DE matched filter; hyperspectral; kernel; nonlinear detection; target detection ID DETECTOR AB In this paper a kernel-based nonlinear spectral matched filter is introduced for target detection in hyperspectral imagery, which is implemented by using the ideas in kernel-based learning theory. A spectral matched filter is defined in a feature space of high dimensionality, which is implicitly generated by a nonlinear mapping associated with a kernel function. A kernel version of the matched filter is derived by expressing the spectral matched filter in terms of the vector dot products form and replacing each dot product with a kernel function using the so called kernel trick property of the Mercer kernels. The proposed kernel spectral matched filter is equivalent to a nonlinear matched filter in the original input space, which is capable of generating nonlinear decision boundaries. The kernel version of the linear spectral matched filter is implemented and simulation results on hyperspectral imagery show that the kernel spectral matched filter outperforms the conventional linear matched filter. C1 USA, Res Lab, ATTN, AMSRD,ARL,SE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kwon, H (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, ATTN, AMSRD,ARL,SE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM hkwon@arl.army.mil; nnasraba@arl.army.mil RI anzhi, yue/A-8609-2012 NR 19 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5691 J9 INT J COMPUT VISION JI Int. J. Comput. Vis. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 71 IS 2 BP 127 EP 141 DI 10.1007/s11263-006-6689-3 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA 098DN UT WOS:000241501300002 ER PT J AU Midorikawa, T Sekiguchi, O Beekley, MD Bemben, MG Abe, T AF Midorikawa, T. Sekiguchi, O. Beekley, M. D. Bemben, M. G. Abe, T. TI A comparison of organ-tissue level body composition between college-age male athletes and nonathletes SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE fat-free mass; skeletal muscle mass; liver mass; kidney mass; sports activity; magnetic resonance imaging ID FAT-FREE MASS; RESTING ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; SUMO WRESTLERS; SIZE; EXERCISE; STRENGTH; ADULTS; RATS AB The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of skeletal muscle (SM) mass and internal organ (liver and kidney) mass in resistance and/or high intensity trained collegiate athletes with nonathletes, and to examine the relationships between fat-free mass (FFM) and its major components of SM, liver mass, and kidney mass. Fifteen athletes and seventeen nonathletes volunteered for the study. FFM was measured by two-compartment densitometry. Contiguous magnetic resonance imaging was used to obtain images from the first cervical vertebrae to the ankle joint (no inter-slice gap) for each subject, and SM, liver and kidney cross-sectional areas and organ-tissue volumes were determined. Organ-tissue volumes (cm(3)) were converted to mass (kg) by multiplying the volumes by the assumed constant density of the tissues. On average, athletes had greater FFM (69.1 kg) than the nonathletes (52.6 kg). SM, liver, and kidney masses in athletes (33.0 kg, 1.84 kg and 0.39 kg, respectively) were higher compared with nonathletes (23.5 kg, 1.39 kg and 0.31 kg, respectively). When the various determinants of FFM were expressed as ratios, it was determined that the ratio of SM mass to FFM was higher in athletes (47.7%) than nonathletes (44.7%), and the ratios of liver and kidney to FFM were similar for the two groups (2.6% and 0.6%, respectively, for athletes; and 2.7% and 0.6%, respectively, for nonathletes). A strong correlation between FFM and SM mass was observed in athletes and nonathletes and the slopes of these regression lines were almost identical and parallel. FFM was also significantly correlated with liver and kidney mass for both athletes and nonathletes. This study suggests that SM, liver, and kidney masses are increased by FFM accumulation in resistance and/or high intensity trained athletes. C1 Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Exercise & Sport Sci, Tokyo, Japan. Nippon Sports Sci Univ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. US Mil Acad, Dept Educ Phys, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Dept Hlth & Exercise Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Midorikawa, T (reprint author), 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 3591192, Japan. EM taishi@aoni.waseda.jp NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0172-4622 J9 INT J SPORTS MED JI Int. J. Sports Med. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 28 IS 2 BP 100 EP 105 DI 10.1055/s-2006-924139 PG 6 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 136TN UT WOS:000244247100002 PM 17133285 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ Darakjy, S Hauret, KG Canada, S Marin, R Jones, BH AF Knapik, J. J. Darakjy, S. Hauret, K. G. Canada, S. Marin, R. Jones, B. H. TI Ambulatory physical activity during United States Army Basic Combat Training SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE pedometer; step length; gender ID BODY-MASS INDEX; ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; PEDOMETER; ACCURACY; WALKING; WOMEN; VALIDITY; WEIGHT; WORK AB Electronic pedometers were used to quantify locomotor physical activity during an entire 9-week United States Army Basic Combat Training (BCT) cycle. Pedometers were worn on the hips of 4 trainees in each of 10 BCT companies during all BCT activities. Investigators obtained pedometer readings (steps) on a daily basis, and estimated travel distances were obtained by multiplying steps by the average individual step length. A short questionnaire was administered daily to assure trainees wore the pedometers and trained with their companies all day. Trainees performed an average +/- SD of 16311 +/- 5826 steps/day and traveled an estimated 11.7 +/- 4.4 kilometers/day. The highest daily locomotor activity was during the field training exercise in which trainees took an average SD of 22372 +/- 12517 steps/day traveling an estimated 16.2 +/- 9.7 kilometers/day. Differences among the 10 companies ranged from 14720 +/- 6649 steps/day to 18729 +/- 6328 steps/day. This survey provided the first examination of locomotor physical activity during an entire BCT cycle. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Knapik, JJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM joseph.knapik@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 56 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0172-4622 J9 INT J SPORTS MED JI Int. J. Sports Med. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 28 IS 2 BP 106 EP 115 DI 10.1055/s-2006-924147 PG 10 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 136TN UT WOS:000244247100003 PM 17024623 ER PT J AU Devine, D Clarke, C Grumbles, B AF Devine, Don Clarke, Chuck Grumbles, Benjamin TI WaterSense(SM) is common sense SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Virginia, Darden Business Sch, Execut Program, Charlottesville, VA USA. Seattle Publ Util, Seattle, WA USA. US EPA, Off Water, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 0003-150X J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 99 IS 2 BP 28 EP 29 PG 2 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 137ZW UT WOS:000244333100006 ER PT J AU Waibel, KH AF Waibel, Kirk H. TI Aspiration before subcutaneous immunotherapy injection: Unnecessary or advisable? Reply SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Allergy Immunol Serv, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Waibel, KH (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Allergy Immunol Serv, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM kirk.waibel@amedd.army.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 119 IS 2 BP 513 EP 513 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.10.009 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 137YB UT WOS:000244327900041 ER PT J AU Carrera, M Zandomeni, RO Fitzgibbon, J Sagripanti, JL AF Carrera, M. Zandomeni, R. O. Fitzgibbon, J. Sagripanti, J. -L. TI Difference between the spore sizes of Bacillus anthracis and other Bacillus species SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aerosols; anthrax; biodefence; imaging; particle analysis; spores ID DENSITY GRADIENT CENTRIFUGATION; SUBTILIS; COAT; ULTRASTRUCTURE; SPORULATION; BACTERIA; MORPHOGENESIS; EXOSPORIUM; SEPARATION; DIVERSITY AB To determine the size distribution of the spores of Bacillus anthracis, and compare its size with other Bacillus species grown and sporulated under similar conditions. Spores from several Bacillus species, including seven strains of B. anthracis and six close neighbours, were prepared and studied using identical media, protocols and instruments. Here, we report the spore length and diameter distributions, as determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We calculated the aspect ratio and volume of each spore. All the studied strains of B. anthracis had similar diameter (mean range between 0.81 +/- 0.08 mu m and 0.86 +/- 0.08 mu m). The mean lengths of the spores from different B. anthracis strains fell into two significantly different groups: one with mean spore lengths 1.26 +/- 0.13 mu m or shorter, and another group of strains with mean spore lengths between 1.49 and 1.67 mu m. The strains of B. anthracis that were significantly shorter also sporulated with higher yield at relatively lower temperature. The grouping of B. anthracis strains by size and sporulation temperature did not correlate with their respective virulence. The spores of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus atrophaeus (previously named Bacillus globigii), two commonly used simulants of B. anthracis, were considerably smaller in length, diameter and volume than all the B. anthracis spores studied. Although rarely used as simulants, the spores of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis had dimensions similar to those of B. anthracis. Spores of nonvirulent Bacillus species are often used as simulants in the development and testing of countermeasures for biodefence against B. anthracis. The data presented here should help in the selection of simulants that better resemble the properties of B. anthracis, and thus, more accurately represent the performance of collectors, detectors and other countermeasures against this threat agent. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sagripanti, JL (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM joseluis.sagripanti@us.army.mil NR 38 TC 89 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 102 IS 2 BP 303 EP 312 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.03111.x PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 126IT UT WOS:000243507300001 PM 17241334 ER PT J AU Peckham, RM Handrigan, MT Bentley, TB Falabella, MJ Chrovian, AD Stahl, GL Tsokos, GC AF Peckham, Russell M. Handrigan, Michael T. Bentley, Timothy B. Falabella, Michael J. Chrovian, Andrew D. Stahl, Gregory L. Tsokos, George C. TI C5-blocking antibody reduces fluid requirements and improves responsiveness to fluid infusion in hemorrhagic shock managed with hypotensive resuscitation SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE complement; shock; resuscitation; hypotensive resuscitation ID ABDOMINAL AORTIC-ANEURYSM; COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION; MASSIVE TRANSFUSION; ORGAN INJURY; INHIBITION; MODEL; C5A; COAGULOPATHY; PEXELIZUMAB; REPERFUSION AB C5-blocking antibody reduces fluid requirements and improves responsiveness to fluid infusion in hemorrhagic shock managed with hypotensive resuscitation. J Appl Physiol 102: 673-680, 2007. First published October 26, 2006; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00917.2006.-Hypotensive resuscitation strategies and inhibition of complement may both be of benefit in hemorrhagic shock. We asked if C5-blocking antibody (anti-C5) could diminish the amount of fluid required and improve responsiveness to resuscitation from hemorrhage. Awake, male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent controlled hemorrhage followed by prolonged (3 h) hypotensive resuscitation with lactated Ringer's or Hextend, with or without anti-C5. Anti-C5 treatment led to an estimated 62.3 and 58.5% reduction in the volume of Hextend and lactated Ringer's, respectively. In the subgroup of animals with a positive mean arterial pressure (MAP) response to fluid infusion following prolonged hypotension, anti-C5 treatment led to an estimated 4.7- and 4.1-fold increase in mean arterial pressure response per unit Hextend and lactated Ringer's infused, respectively. We observed no significant postresuscitation metabolic differences between the anti-C5 groups and controls. Whether anti-C5 could serve as a volume-sparing adjunct that improves responsiveness to fluid administration in humans deserves further study. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol Perioperat & Pain Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp,Ctr Expt Therapeut & Reperf, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Peckham, RM (reprint author), 503 Robert Grant Ave,Rm 1A32, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM russell.m.peckham@us.army.mil NR 38 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 102 IS 2 BP 673 EP 680 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00917.2006 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 133SM UT WOS:000244033500025 PM 17068213 ER PT J AU Giorno, R Bozue, J Cote, C Wenzel, T Moody, KS Mallozzi, M Ryan, M Wang, R Zielke, R Maddock, JR Friedlander, A Welkos, S Driks, A AF Giorno, Rebecca Bozue, Joel Cote, Christopher Wenzel, Theresa Moody, Krishna-Sulayman Mallozzi, Michael Ryan, Matthew Wang, Rong Zielke, Ryszard Maddock, Janine R. Friedlander, Arthur Welkos, Susan Driks, Adam TI Morphogenesis of the Bacillus anthracis spore SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; COAT PROTEIN; SPORULATION GENE; GENOME SEQUENCE; PEPTIDE LIGANDS; STERNE STRAIN; GUINEA-PIGS; SUBTILIS; EXOSPORIUM AB Bacillus spp. and Clostridium spp. form a specialized cell type, called a spore, during a multistep differentiation process that is initiated in response to starvation. Spores are protected by a morphologically complex protein coat. The Bacillus anthracis coat is of particular interest because the spore is the infective particle of anthrax. We determined the roles of several B. anthracis orthologues of Bacillus subtilis coat protein genes in spore assembly and virulence. One of these, cotE, has a striking function in B. anthracis: it guides the assembly of the exosporium, an outer structure encasing B. anthracis but not B. subtilis spores. However, CotE has only a modest role in coat protein assembly, in contrast to the B. subtilis orthologue. cotE. mutant spores are fully virulent in animal models, indicating that the exosporium is dispensable for infection, at least in the context of a cotE mutation. This has implications for both the pathophysiology of the disease and next-generation therapeutics. CotH, which directs the assembly of an important subset of coat proteins in B. subtilis, also directs coat protein deposition in B. anthracis. Additionally, however, in B. anthracis, CotH effects germination; in its absence, more spores germinate than in the wild type. We also found that SpoIVA has a critical role in directing the assembly of the coat and exosporium to an area around the forespore. This function is very similar to that of the B. subtilis orthologue, which directs the assembly of the coat to the forespore. These results show that while B. anthracis and B. subtilis rely on a core of conserved morphogenetic proteins to guide coat formation, these proteins may also be important for species-specific differences in coat morphology. We further hypothesize that variations in conserved morphogenetic coat proteins may play roles in taxonomic variation among species. C1 Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. IIT, Dept Biol Chem & Phys Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Headquarters, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Driks, A (reprint author), Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, 2160 S 1st Ave,Bldg 105,Rm 3820, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. EM adriks@lumc.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [R21 AI053365, R21 AI053360, AI53365, AI053360]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM53989, R29 GM053989, R01 GM053989] NR 95 TC 74 Z9 76 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 189 IS 3 BP 691 EP 705 DI 10.1128/JB.00921-06 PG 15 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 134VJ UT WOS:000244112100004 PM 17114257 ER PT J AU Hill, KK Smith, TJ Helma, CH Ticknor, LO Foley, BT Svensson, RT Brown, JL Johnson, EA Smith, LA Okinaka, RT Jackson, PJ Marks, JD AF Hill, K. K. Smith, T. J. Helma, C. H. Ticknor, L. O. Foley, B. T. Svensson, R. T. Brown, J. L. Johnson, E. A. Smith, L. A. Okinaka, R. T. Jackson, P. J. Marks, J. D. TI Genetic diversity among botulinum neurotoxin-producing clostridial strains SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LENGTH POLYMORPHISM ANALYSIS; INFANT BOTULISM; B NEUROTOXIN; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; BUTYRICUM STRAINS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; A STRAINS; TOXIN; COMPLEX; INTERRELATIONSHIPS AB Clostridium botulinum is a taxonomic designation for many diverse anaerobic spore-forming rod-shaped bacteria that have the common property of producing botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs). The BoNTs are exoneurotoxins that can cause severe paralysis and death in humans and other animal species. A collection of 174 C botulinum strains was examined by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis and by sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and BoNT genes to examine the genetic diversity within this species. This collection contained representatives of each of the seven different serotypes of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT/A to BoNT/G). Analysis of the16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed previous identifications of at least four distinct genomic backgrounds (groups I to IV), each of which has independently acquired one or more BoNT genes through horizontal gene transfer. AFLP analysis provided higher resolution and could be used to further subdivide the four groups into subgroups. Sequencing of the BoNT genes from multiple strains of serotypes A, B, and E confirmed significant sequence variation within each serotype. Four distinct lineages within each of the BoNT A and B serotypes and five distinct lineages of serotype E strains were identified. The nucleotide sequences of the seven toxin genes of the serotypes were compared and showed various degrees of interrelatedness and recombination, as was previously noted for the nontoxic nonhemagglutinin gene, which is linked to the BoNT gene. These analyses contribute to the understanding of the evolution and phylogeny within this species and assist in the development of improved diagnostics and therapeutics for the treatment of botulism. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Anesthesia & Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat & Stat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. USA, Med Inst Infect Dis, Integrated Toxicol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Inst Food Res, Dept Food Microbiol & Toxicol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Def Biol Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. San Francisco Gen Hosp, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. RP Marks, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Anesthesia & Pharmaceut Chem, Rm 3C-38,1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM marksj@anesthesia.ucsf.edu OI Foley, Brian/0000-0002-1086-0296; Ticknor, Lawrence/0000-0002-7967-7908 FU NIAID NIH HHS [U01 AI056493] NR 49 TC 225 Z9 229 U1 5 U2 33 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 189 IS 3 BP 818 EP 832 DI 10.1128/JB.01180-06 PG 15 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 134VJ UT WOS:000244112100016 PM 17114256 ER PT J AU Ryan, MAK Smith, TC Smith, B Amoroso, P Boyko, EJ Gray, GC Gackstetter, GD Riddle, JR Wells, TS Gumbs, G Corbeil, TE Hooper, TI AF Ryan, Margaret A. K. Smith, Tyler C. Smith, Besa Amoroso, Paul Boyko, Edward J. Gray, Gregory C. Gackstetter, Gary D. Riddle, James R. Wells, Timothy S. Gumbs, Gia Corbeil, Thomas E. Hooper, Tomoko I. TI Millennium Cohort: enrollment begins a 21-year contribution to understanding the impact of military service SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE military medicine; military personnel; veterans; longitudinal studies; combat disorders; Gulf War Syndrome ID GULF-WAR VETERANS; POSTWAR HOSPITALIZATION EXPERIENCE; PRIMARY-CARE; HEALTH REGISTRIES; PEACEKEEPING DUTY; MENTAL-DISORDERS; PTSD CHECKLIST; PRIME-MD; US; PERSONNEL AB Objective: In response to health concerns of military members about deployment and other service-related exposures, the Department of Defense (DoD) initiated the largest prospective study ever undertaken in the U.S. military. Study Design and Setting: The Millennium Cohort uses a phased enrollment strategy to eventually include more than 100,000 U.S. service members who will be followed up through the year 2022, even after leaving military service. Subjects will be linked to DoD and Veterans Affairs databases and surveyed every 3 years to obtain objective and self-reported data on exposures and health outcomes. Results: The first enrollment phase was completed in July 2003 and resulted in 77,047 consenting participants, well representative of both active-duty and Reserve/Guard forces. This report documents the baseline characteristics of these Cohort members, describes traditional, postal, and Web-based enrollment methods; and describes the unique challenges of enrolling, retaining, and following such a large Cohort. Conclusion: The Millennium Cohort was successfully launched and is becoming especially relevant, given current deployment and exposure concerns. The Cohort is representative of the U.S. military and promises to provide new insight into the long-term effects of military occupations on health for years to come. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr Puget Sound, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Ryan, MAK (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM ryan@nhrc.navy.mil NR 70 TC 125 Z9 127 U1 7 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-4356 J9 J CLIN EPIDEMIOL JI J. Clin. Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 60 IS 2 BP 181 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.05.009 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 127QL UT WOS:000243601300011 PM 17208125 ER PT J AU Riddle, JR Smith, TC Smith, B Corbeil, TE Engel, CC Wells, TS Hoge, CW Adkins, J Zamorski, M Blazer, D AF Riddle, James R. Smith, Tyler C. Smith, Besa Corbeil, Thomas E. Engel, Charles C. Wells, Timothy S. Hoge, Charles W. Adkins, Joyce Zamorski, Mark Blazer, Dan CA Millennium Cohort Study Team TI Millennium Cohort: The 2001-2003 baseline prevalence of mental disorders in the US military SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mental health; morbidity; military medicine; military personnel; cohort studies; veterans ID NATIONAL-COMORBIDITY-SURVEY; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER; GULF-WAR VETERANS; PRIMARY-CARE; PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; HEALTH ISSUES; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS AB Objectives: The 12-month prevalence of common mental illnesses in the United States is estimated to be 26%, accounting for an increasing fraction of all disability in the general population. The U.S. military is a unique group involved in response and defense during times of conflicts and disasters. The mental health of service members affects organizational productivity and effectiveness and is of great importance to the health of U.S. military members and public health in general. Study Design and Setting: In the present report, the authors describe the baseline prevalence of mental disorders in a large U.S. military cohort, the Millennium Cohort, established for a 22-year longitudinal study of the health effects of military service. Using crude and weighted prevalence and multivariable logistic regression, the mental health morbidity of the Millennium Cohort is reported for various demographics. Results: These analyses suggest that although the cohort compares favorably to other populations, there are military subpopulations, including women, younger, less educated, single, white, short-term service, enlisted, and Army members, who are at greater odds for some mental disorders. Conclusion: With ongoing U.S. involvement in combat operations around the world, these baseline data are essential to assessing long-term mental health morbidity in U.S. military service members. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Silver Spring, MD USA. Pentagon, Force Hlth Protect, Washington, DC USA. Canadian Forces Hlth Serv Grp Headquarters, Directorate Med Policy, Deployment Hlth Sect, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. RP Smith, TC (reprint author), Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, 500 N Harbor Dr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM smith@nhrc.navy.mil RI Blazer II, Dan/D-6675-2012 NR 57 TC 122 Z9 127 U1 6 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-4356 J9 J CLIN EPIDEMIOL JI J. Clin. Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 60 IS 2 BP 192 EP 201 DI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.04.008 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 127QL UT WOS:000243601300012 PM 17208126 ER PT J AU Wachlarowicz, AJ Joyce, AP Roberts, S Pashley, DH AF Wachlarowicz, Aaron J. Joyce, Anthony P. Roberts, Steven Pashley, David H. TI Effect of endodontic Irrigants on the shear bond strength of epiphany sealer to dentin SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article DE epiphany sealer; irrigants; shear bond strength ID CANAL FILLING MATERIAL; SMEAR LAYER; TREATED TEETH; INTRARADICULAR DENTIN; CORONAL MICROLEAKAGE; IRRIGATING SOLUTIONS; SODIUM-HYPOCHLORITE; GUTTA-PERCHA; PENETRATION; ADHESION AB This study examined the effects of commonly employed endodontic irrigants on Epiphany-dentin bond strengths. Smear layers were created on dentin discs obtained from human third molars. Five groups of 10 discs each were treated with one of the following: (a) water; (b) 2% chlorhexidine; (c) 6% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); (d) 6% NaOCl followed by EDTA and water; or (e) 1.3% NaOCl followed by MTAD, The treated surfaces were air-dried and treated with Epiphany primer. Hollow steel tubes were placed on the dentin surfaces, and Epiphany sealer was applied to dentin inside the tubes. Samples were tested for shear bond strengths after 7 days of storage. Representative specimens were examined using scanning electron microscopy. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's test revealed significant differences among the groups (p < 0.05). Using water or chlorhexidine as an irrigant resulted in significantly lower bond strengths when compared with NaOCl, NaOCl/EDTA, or NaOCl/MTAD. Neither EDTA nor MTAD significantly improved Epiphany-dentin bond strengths when compared with NaOCl used alone. C1 USA, DENTAC, Tingay Dent Clin, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Oral Biol & Maxillofacial Pathol, Augusta, GA USA. RP Joyce, AP (reprint author), USA, DENTAC, Tingay Dent Clin, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM anthony.joyce@us.army.mil NR 31 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 33 IS 2 BP 152 EP 155 DI 10.1016/j.joen.2006.09.011 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 131SA UT WOS:000243889000013 PM 17258634 ER PT J AU Seehusen, DA Earwood, JS AF Seehusen, Dean A. Earwood, J. Scoft TI Itchy rash near the navel SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material ID DERMATITIS C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Family & Community Med, Ft Gordon, GA 30509 USA. RP Seehusen, DA (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Family & Community Med, Ft Gordon, GA 30509 USA. EM dseehusen@msn.com NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU DOWDEN HEALTH MEDIA PI MONTVALE PA 110 SUMMIT AVE, MONTVALE, NJ 07645-1712 USA SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 56 IS 2 BP 123 EP 125 PG 3 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 196XU UT WOS:000248517500014 PM 17270118 ER PT J AU Juliano, P Clark, S Koutchma, T Ouattara, M Mathews, JW Dunne, CP Barbosa-Canovas, GV AF Juliano, P. Clark, S. Koutchma, T. Ouattara, M. Mathews, J. W. Dunne, C. P. Barbosa-Canovas, G. V. TI Consumer and trained panel evaluation of high pressure thermally treated scrambled egg patties SO JOURNAL OF FOOD QUALITY LA English DT Article ID WHOLE EGG; QUALITY; PRODUCTS; STERILIZATION; INACTIVATION; FLAVOR; FOODS AB Consumer acceptability of three commercial scrambled egg patty formulations were evaluated before and after high pressure high temperature (HPHT) processing at 700 MPa/105C and 700 MPa/121C, and a selected formulation was also in-pouch retort treated to an F(0) of 5.6 min. A 40-member consumer panel and a six-member trained sensory panel (29 attributes judged) evaluated treated and untreated patties. Samples were also stored at 37C for 3 and 6 months for shelf-life testing. Egg patty with added processed cheese was the most accepted formulation after treatment at 700 MPa/105C, maintaining most quality parameters after pressurization. Egg patty formulation with added xanthan gum gave similar acceptability scores at 700 MPa/105C and at 700 MPa/121C. After 6-month incubation, HPHT-treated products did not produce gas or decompose, while control patties degraded after 1 week storage at 37C. Thermal pressurization processing proved promising for the development of novel shelf-stable egg-based products. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Natl Ctr Food Safety & Technol, Summit Argo, IL USA. Michael Foods Egg Prod Co, Gaylord, MN USA. USA, Res, Dev & Engn Command, Natick, MA USA. RP Barbosa-Canovas, GV (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM barbosa@mail.wsu.edu RI Juliano, Pablo/H-9251-2013 OI Juliano, Pablo/0000-0002-7425-8085 NR 47 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0146-9428 J9 J FOOD QUALITY JI J. Food Qual. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 30 IS 1 BP 57 EP 80 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4557.2007.00106.x PG 24 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 149ON UT WOS:000245156400004 ER PT J AU Li, YS Harada, T Juang, YT Kyttaris, VC Wang, Y Zidanic, M Tung, K Tsokos, GC AF Li, Yansong Harada, Tatsuhiro Juang, Yuang-Taung Kyttaris, Vasileios C. Wang, Ying Zidanic, Michael Tung, Kenneth Tsokos, George C. TI Phosphorylated ERM is responsible for increased T cell polarization, adhesion, and migration in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DISEASE-ACTIVITY; UP-REGULATION; CD44; EXPRESSION; LYMPHOCYTES; ACTIVATION; PROTEINS; ARTHRITIS; RECEPTOR; BINDING AB Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune/inflammatory disease characterized by autoantibody production and abnormal T cells that infiltrate tissues through not well-known mechanisms. We report that SLE T lymphocytes display increased levels of CD44, ezrin, radixin, and moesin (ERM) phosphorylation, stronger actin polymerization, higher polar cap formation, and enhanced adhesion and chemotactic migration compared with T cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and normal individuals. Silencing of CD44 by CD44 small interfering RNA in SLE T cells inhibited significantly their ability to adhere and migrate as did treatment with Rho kinase and actin polymerization inhibitors. Forced expression of T567D-ezrin, a phosphorylation-mimic form, enhanced remarkably the adhesion and migration rate of normal T cells. Anti-CD3/TCR autoantibodies present in SLE sera caused increased ERM phosphorylation, adhesion, and migration in normal T cells. pERM and CD44 are highly expressed in T cells infiltrating in the kidneys of patients with lupus nephritis. These data prove that increased ERM phosphorylation represents a key molecular abnormality that guides T cell adhesion and migration in SLE patients. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Med, Rheumatol Sect, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Pathol, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, HIM-244,4 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM gtsokos@bidmc.harvard.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI49954, R01 AI42269] NR 28 TC 82 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD FEB 1 PY 2007 VL 178 IS 3 BP 1938 EP 1947 PG 10 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 130TC UT WOS:000243820900080 PM 17237445 ER PT J AU Kyttaris, VC Wang, Y Juang, YT Weinstein, A Tsokos, GC AF Kyttaris, Vasileios C. Wang, Ying Juang, Yuang-Taung Weinstein, Arthur Tsokos, George C. TI Increased levels of NF-ATc2 differentially regulate CD154 and IL-2 genes in T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESPONSE ELEMENT MODULATOR; KEY SIGNALING ENZYME; CD40 LIGAND; LYMPHOCYTE-ACTIVATION; IMMUNE CELLS; CALCINEURIN; EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTION; BINDING; NFAT AB T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are characterized by heightened TCR-initiated free intracytoplasmic calcium responses. We demonstrate that activated T cells from SLE patients, but not from rheumatoid arthritis patients, displayed higher levels of the calcineurin-dependent transcription factor NF-ATc2 in the nucleus compared with control T cells. DNA NF-AT-binding activity was also increased, as was the amount of NF-ATc2 bound to the promoters of CD154 (CD40L) and IL-2 genes. Nevertheless, although high NF-ATc2 levels translated into higher CD154 transcription in SLE, IL-2 transcription was decreased. The absence of important transcriptional activators (AP-1, NF-kappa B) and the presence of transcriptional repressors (cAMP response element modulator) on the IL-2 promoter explain this dichotomous effect. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Rheumatol Sect, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, 4 Blackfan Circle,HIM-244, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM gtsokos@bidmc.harvard.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI42269, R01 AI49954] NR 32 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD FEB 1 PY 2007 VL 178 IS 3 BP 1960 EP 1966 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 130TC UT WOS:000243820900082 PM 17237447 ER PT J AU Chen, CW Salim, H Bowders, JJ Loehr, JE Owen, J AF Chen, Cheng-Wei Salim, Hani Bowders, John J. Loehr, J. Erik Owen, Jacob TI Creep behavior of recycled plastic lumber in slope stabilization applications SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Slender recycled plastic pins (RPPs) can be used to stabilize earthen slopes by driving the RPPs into the face of the slope to intercept the sliding surface and "pin" the slope. The RPPs will be subjected to lateral (bending) forces, and their ability to resist deformation will strongly influence the success of the RPPs for stabilizing slopes. Arrhenius modeling was used to predict the time for the RPPs to reach creep failure. Engineering properties and strain rate effect of four different types of RPPs were evaluated and are reported in this paper. Arrhenius modeling showed creep failure ranged from 50 to 3,900 years at field temperature and stress levels. Compressive strengths ranged from 11 to 20 MPa and compressive moduli from 5 80 to 1,280 MPa at 1% strain, while flexural strengths ranged from 9 to 25 MPa and flexural moduli from 620 to 1675 MPa at 1% strain. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Kansas City, MO 64106 USA. RP Chen, CW (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, EBE 2509, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. EM cchy8@mizzou.edu; salimh@missouri.edu; bowdersj@missouri.edu; eloehr@missouri.edu; jacob.w.owen@usace.army.mil NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 7 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0899-1561 J9 J MATER CIVIL ENG JI J. Mater. Civ. Eng. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 19 IS 2 BP 130 EP 138 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2007)19:2(130) PG 9 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science GA 126WN UT WOS:000243546300002 ER PT J AU Li, M Eckert, J Kecskes, L Lewandowski, J AF Li, Mo Eckert, Juergen Kecskes, Laszlo Lewandowski, John TI Mechanical properties of metallic glasses and applications - Introduction SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material ID PLASTICITY; ALLOYS C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Li, M (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RI Kecskes, Laszlo/F-6880-2014 OI Kecskes, Laszlo/0000-0002-1342-3729 NR 15 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 22 IS 2 BP 255 EP 257 DI 10.1557/JMR.2007.0069 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 136GO UT WOS:000244210800001 ER PT J AU Merrill, NL Burge, R AF Merrill, N. L. Burge, R. TI Effects of three mydriatic drug regimens on pupil size in rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cyclopentolate; non-human primates; phenylephrine; pupillary dilation; tropicamide AB Background Human mydriatric drug use in non-human primates (NHPs) has been documented but not quantified and compared for effectiveness. The objective of this study was to determine which drug regimen provided the most effective and consistent mydriatic effect for ophthalmologic examinations and other procedures. Secondary objectives were to determine average time to maximum dilation and whether species differences existed. Methods Twelve rhesus and 12 African green monkeys were randomly assigned to one of six treatment combinations to test the mydriatic effects of three drug regimens: (1) tropicamide 1% (T); (2) tropicamide 1% and phenylephrine hydrochloride 2.5% (TP); and (3) tropicamide 1%, phenylephrine HCL 2.5% and cyclopentolate 1% (TPC). Left and right eyes of each monkey received a different drug regimen, depending on random assignment. Results TPC showed a significantly larger mydriatic response in both species than T alone. Average time to maximum dilation with all three drug regimens was 50-60 minutes. Rhesus had a larger response to the mydriatic drug regimens than the African green monkeys. Conclusion The TPC regimen had the largest and longest lasting mydriatic effect in both species. C1 USA, Dept Clin Invest, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Res Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Merrill, NL (reprint author), USA, Dept Clin Invest, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Res Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. EM nancy.l.merrill@amedd.army.mil NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 36 IS 1 BP 33 EP 38 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2006.00176 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 123KU UT WOS:000243295600007 PM 17359464 ER PT J AU Indest, KJ Crocker, FH Athow, R AF Indest, Karl J. Crocker, Fiona H. Athow, Rebecca TI A TaqMan polymerase chain reaction method for monitoring RDX-degrading bacteria based on the xp1A functional gene SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Rhodococcus rhodochrous strain 11Y; TaqMan PCR; RDX biodegradation; xplA gene ID REAL-TIME PCR; HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE RDX; NATURAL ATTENUATION; EXPLOSIVES; BIODEGRADATION; DEGRADATION; EXPRESSION; STRAIN; SOIL; QUANTIFICATION AB Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5,-triazine (RDX) is a cyclic nitramine explosive that is a major component in many military high-explosive formulations. In this study, we developed a real-time TaqMan polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that targets the xplA functional gene involved in the breakdown/transformation of RDX. The xplA gene, described previously [Seth-Smith, H.M., Rosser, S.J., Basran, A., Travis, ER., Dabbs, E.R., Nicklin S., Bruce, N.C., 2002. Cloning, sequencing, and characterization of the hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine degradation gene cluster from Rhodococcus rhodochrous. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68, 4764-4771.], was isolated from Rhodococcus rhodochrous 11Y and codes for a fused flavodoxin-cytochrome P450 protein. We applied the xplA TaqMan PCR assay to detect and monitor strain 11Y in soil microcosms that had been amended with strain 11Y and RDX as well as soil microcosms in which soils had been subjected to heat-sterilization prior to the addition of strain 11Y and RDX. The specificity of the assay was tested against a number of genomic bacterial templates and surprisingly found to cross react with other RDX degrading bacteria. Two of these strains, Gordonia sp. KTR9 and Williantsia sp. KTR4, were previously isolated in our laboratory and were not known to possess xplA homologs. Southern blot analysis confirmed the presence of xplA gene homologs in both of these strains. The sensitivity of the xplA TaqMan PCR primer/probes set was evaluated using 11Y cell standards as well as 1 1Y cell standards spiked in soils that mimicked conditions found in the experimental soil microcosms. While the assay was found to be linear over a range of 6 orders of magnitude for both sets of standards, sensitivity of the assay was reduced between one and two logs for cells spiked in soil. The capacity to monitor the presence of specific microorganisms and/or genes coding enzymes involved in RDX transformation/breakdown in complex environmental samples will be critical for bioremediation strategies targeting,explosives that rely on in situ bioaugmentation and monitored natural attenuation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Engn Res& Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. SpecPro Inc, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. RP Indest, KJ (reprint author), USA, Engn Res& Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM indestk@wes.army.mil NR 41 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD FEB PY 2007 VL 68 IS 2 BP 267 EP 274 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2006.08.008 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 138SK UT WOS:000244382400010 PM 17010461 ER PT J AU Belanger, HG Vanderploeg, RD Curtiss, G Warden, DL AF Belanger, Heather G. Vanderploeg, Rodney D. Curtiss, Glenn Warden, Deborah L. TI Recent neuroimaging techniques in mild traumatic brain injury SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Review ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTROSCOPY; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; PROTON MR SPECTROSCOPY; DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY; MINOR HEAD-INJURY; CEREBRAL GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; BLOOD-FLOW; TECHNETIUM-99M-HMPAO SPECT; WORKING-MEMORY; POSTCONCUSSIVE SYMPTOMS AB Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is characterized by acute physiological changes that result in at least some acute cognitive difficulties and typically resolve by 3 months postinjury. Because the majority of mild TBI patients have normal structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/computed tomography (CT) scans, there is increasing attention directed at finding objective physiological correlates of persistent cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms through experimental neuroimaging techniques. The authors review studies utilizing these techniques in patients with mild TBI; these techniques may provide more sensitive assessment of structural and functional abnormalities following mild TBI. Particular promise is evident with fMRI, PET, and SPECT scanning, as demonstrated by associations between brain activation and clinical outcomes. C1 James A Haley Vet Hosp, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. Univ S Florida, Dept Psychol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. Univ S Florida, Dept Psychiat, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. Def & Brain Injury Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Belanger, HG (reprint author), James A Haley Vet Hosp, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, 13000 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. EM Heather.Belanger@va.gov NR 113 TC 165 Z9 171 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 19 IS 1 BP 5 EP 20 DI 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.19.1.5 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 137KA UT WOS:000244290300002 PM 17308222 ER PT J AU Ayotte, NW Stetts, DM Keenan, G Greenway, EH AF Ayotte, Norman W. Stetts, Deborah M. Keenan, Geoffrey Greenway, Elizabeth H. TI Electromyographical analysis of selected lower extremity muscles during 5 unilateral weight-bearing exercises SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE gluteus maximus; gluteus medius; lower extremity; step-up; wall squat ID LATERAL STEP-UP; REHABILITATION EXERCISES; PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN; EMG ACTIVITY; HIP; SQUAT; KNEE; QUADRICEPS; ACTIVATION; STRENGTH AB STUDY DESIGN: Prospective single-group repeated - measures design. OBJECTIVES: To quantify electromyographic signal amplitude of the gluteus maximus, medius, vastus medialis oblique, and biceps femoris during 5 unilateral weight-bearing exercises. BACKGROUND: Using normalized EMG (NEMG) signal amplitude as a measure of muscle activation and, therefore, an estimate of exercise intensity, the relative contributions and interaction of the hip and thigh muscles during unilateral weight-bearing exercise can be examined, With regard to potential efficiency for strengthening, data on the amount of EMG signal amplitude for these 4 muscles during commonly used exercises are limited. METHODS AND MEASURES: Twenty-three healthy, asymptomatic subjects (16 men, 7 women; mean +/- SD age, 31.2 +/- 5.8 years) participated. A repeated-measures analysis was conducted using general linear models. The percent maximum voluntary isometric contraction was measured within each subject across 4 muscles during 5 exercises for 2 separate trials. Effect sizes of pairwise comparisons were computed. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were noted in the amount of mean NEMG signal amplitude for the 4 muscles across the 5 exercises. A similar recruitment pattern between muscles was observed across all exercises. CONCLUSION: Even though all muscles except the biceps femoris demonstrated mean NEMG signal amplitudes sufficient for strengthening, the wall squat produced the highest levels of activation and should be considered the most efficient for targeting any of the 4 muscles or for training a cooperative effort among the muscles. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Elon Univ, Dept Phys Therapy Educ, Elon College, NC USA. Naval Submarine Support Ctr, Naval Submarine Base, Bangor, WA USA. Idaho Sports Med Inst, Boise, ID USA. RP Ayotte, NW (reprint author), 540 Ginsberg Dr, Schertz, TX 78154 USA. EM norman.w.ayotte@us.army.mil NR 30 TC 61 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 22 PU J O S P T, PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 37 IS 2 BP 48 EP 55 DI 10.2519/jospt.2007.2354 PG 8 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 134ZK UT WOS:000244123200004 PM 17366959 ER PT J AU Owens, BD Neault, M Benson, E Busconi, BD AF Owens, Brett D. Neault, Mark Benson, Emily Busconi, Brian D. TI Primary repair of knee dislocations: Results in 25 patients (28 knees) at a mean follow-up of four years SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA LA English DT Article DE knee dislocation; primary repair ID POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENTS; TRAUMATIC DISLOCATION; PERONEAL NERVE; RECONSTRUCTION; ANTERIOR; INJURIES; PALSY AB Objective: To investigate the outcomes of knee dislocations treated with primary repair and an early rehabilitation protocol. Design: Retrospective. Settings: Level I Trauma Center. Patients: Consecutive patients with knee dislocation referred to a single surgeon for care between 1994 and 2002 were included, for a total of 27 patients with 30 knee dislocations. Twenty-five patients (28 knees) were evaluated by an independent observer at a mean of 48 months (13-82 months). Intervention: All patients underwent primary repair of all injured ligaments using a consistent technique and early rehabilitation protocol, Main Outcome Measurements: In addition to range of motion and stability assessment, Lysholm and Tegner scores were used to evaluate outcome. Results: The mean post-operative Lysholm score was 89.0. Range of motion analysis for the 22 unilateral dislocations available for examination showed a mean extension loss of 1.9 degrees and mean flexion loss of 10.2 degrees, with a mean arc of motion of 119.3 degrees. Overall, the knees were found to be clinically stable. Conclusions: Primary repair of ligaments coupled with an early rehabilitation program provides comparable outcomes to published results of ligament reconstruction. Primary repair of ligaments in the dislocated knee should be considered as an effective option in the trauma population. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Orthoped, Worcester, MA USA. RP Owens, BD (reprint author), Keller Army Hosp, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM b.owens@us.army.mil NR 20 TC 46 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0890-5339 J9 J ORTHOP TRAUMA JI J. Orthop. Trauma PD FEB PY 2007 VL 21 IS 2 BP 92 EP 96 DI 10.1097/BOT.0b013e3180321318 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 135OO UT WOS:000244163100002 PM 17304061 ER PT J AU Owens, BD Busconi, BD AF Owens, Brett D. Busconi, Brain D. TI Primary repair of knee dislocations: Results in 25 patients (28 knees) at a mean follow-up of four years - Response SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA LA English DT Editorial Material ID CRUCIATE LIGAMENTS; RECONSTRUCTION C1 Keller Army Hosp, West Point, NY USA. Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. RP Owens, BD (reprint author), Keller Army Hosp, West Point, NY USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0890-5339 J9 J ORTHOP TRAUMA JI J. Orthop. Trauma PD FEB PY 2007 VL 21 IS 2 BP 97 EP 98 PG 2 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 135OO UT WOS:000244163100004 ER PT J AU Rickman, DD Murrell, DW AF Rickman, Denis D. Murrell, Donald W. TI Development of an improved methodology for predicting airblast pressure relief on a directly loaded wall SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers CY JUL 17-21, 2005 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers DE airblast; reflected pressure; structure loads; pressure relief AB The interaction of an airblast wave with a structure, and the blast wave propagation around and over the structure is of significant importance. In order to protect a structure from the airblast produced by such explosive threats as terrorist bombs, a facility designer must possess an adequate knowledge of the expected blast wave loading. Of greatest importance are pressures and impulses on the directly loaded face of the structure, since it is typically subjected to the highest (reflected) pressures. It has long been recognized that reflected pressure time histories can be strongly influenced by pressure relief from the free edges of the loaded wall. The relief wave can significantly reduce the magnitude of the late-time portion of the positive reflected pressure phase, resulting in a substantial decrease in the peak impulse load. Most current predictive methodologies attempt to account for the relief wave and its, effect on impulse. Unfortunately, these methods tend to be rather inaccurate because the exact manner in which the relief wave is manifested is not accurately defined. The US Army Engineer Research and Development Center has developed an improved methodology to predict the effect of pressure relief This paper presents the basis for the methodology and its practical application. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD, GM,I, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Northwind Inc, CEERD, GM, I, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Rickman, DD (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD, GM,I, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Denis.D.Rickman@erdc.usace.army.mil; Donald.W.Murrell@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-9930 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD FEB PY 2007 VL 129 IS 1 BP 195 EP 204 DI 10.1115/1.2409317 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 139CH UT WOS:000244409200027 ER PT J AU Kurahara, DK Grandinetti, A Fujii, LLA Tokuda, AA Galario, JA Han, MJ Terrell, MJ Yamamoto, KS Yamaga, KM Person, DA AF Kurahara, David K. Grandinetti, Andrew Fujii, Larissa L. A. Tokuda, Angela A. Galario, Judith A. Han, Marie J. Terrell, Mary J. Yamamoto, Kara S. Yamaga, Karen M. Person, Donald A. TI Visiting consultant clinics to study prevalence rates of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and childhood systemic lupus erythematosus across dispersed geographic areas SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pediatric rheumatology; epidemiology; prevalence; juvenile rheumatoid arthritis; systemic lupus erythematosus ID RURAL HOSPITAL COMMUNITIES; OUTREACH CLINICS; POPULATION; CLASSIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CRITERIA; DISEASES; CHILDREN; TAIWAN AB Objective. Visiting consultant clinics (VCC) may provide pediatric rheumatologic care to children in rural populations, but the clinical demands have not been studied. We studied whether these clinics could be effective in determining prevalence rates of rheumatic illness like juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and childhood systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) across large dispersed geographic areas. Methods. The study population included children diagnosed with JRA or SLE at the only civilian pediatric rheumatology center in the State of Hawaii. Prevalence rates of these illnesses were then calculated for the urban and more rural neighbor island areas. VCC and prevalence data were calculated over a 10-year period. Results. We found a lower prevalence of JRA in the urban area (38.3 per 100,000) when compared to the rural neighbor islands (63.2 per 100,000). However, an equivalent prevalence of SLE was found in the urban (24.0 per 100,000) and neighboring islands (21.8 per 100,000). Clinical demands increased significantly with the success of the VCC, and with an increase in pediatric rheumatologic staffing. Conclusion. We found an increased prevalence of JRA in rural areas when compared to urban areas. Similar prevalence rates of SLE suggested the finding was not due to referral bias alone. VCC are useful to estimate disease prevalence over large areas, and therefore make it possible to identify areas at greater risk. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the possible environmental and genetic factors that may explain the regional differences in JRA prevalence. C1 Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Hawaii, Kapiolani Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Hawaii, Pacific Basin Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Hawaii, Dept Trop Med & Microbiol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Def, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Kurahara, DK (reprint author), 1319 Punahou St,712, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA. EM davidk@kapiolani.org FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR003061] NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 34 IS 2 BP 425 EP 429 PG 5 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 134VQ UT WOS:000244112900032 PM 17295431 ER PT J AU Acevedo, EO Kraemer, RR Kamimori, GH Durand, RJ Johnson, LG Castracane, VD AF Acevedo, Edmund O. Kraemer, Robert R. Kamimori, Gary H. Durand, Robert J. Johnson, Lisa G. Castracane, V. Daniel TI Stress hormones, effort sense, and perceptions of stress during incremental exercise: An exploratory investigation SO JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE stress hormones; RPE; affect; cortisol ID PROENKEPHALIN PEPTIDE-F; PERCEIVED EXERTION; GRADED-EXERCISE; NOREPINEPHRINE SPILLOVER; PLASMA-CATECHOLAMINES; PSYCHOLOGICAL AFFECT; VARYING INTENSITIES; AFFECTIVE RESPONSES; LACTATE RESPONSE; CORTISOL AB Exercise elicits intensity-dependent increases in epinephrine (Epi), norepinephrine (NE), cortisol (CORT), and lactate (Lac), whereas at rest the hormonal responses to mental stress include increases in Epi, NE, and CORT, but not Lac. Additionally, elevations in CORT at rest are associated with negative affect. Finally, as exercise intensity increases, perceptions of effort (RPE) increase and affect becomes more negative. The purpose of this study was to examine the responses of Epi, NE, CORT, Lac, RPE, and affect during incremental increases in exercise to maximum. Seven highly-trained male runners completed a discontinuous treadmill protocol that included 10 minutes at 60%, 10 minutes at 75%, 5 minutes at 90%, and 2 minutes at 100% of (V) over dot O(2)max. Blood samples were collected through an intravenous catheter before, during, and following exercise during the experimental condition, and during a time-matched control condition. RPE and affect were assessed just prior to each blood draw. The Epi, NE, CORT, and Lac displayed the expected incremental increases, however affect became more negative at higher exercise intensities, and RPE increased as exercise intensity increased. Data suggest that CORT follows the same pattern of response to graded exercise as affect. Since perceptual and affective responses to exercise are associated with motivation, these documented negative affective shifts during exercise should be considered in order to develop strategies that lead to enhanced exercise adherence and performance. C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Hlth & Human Performance, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. SE Louisiana Univ, Dept Kinesiol & Hlth Studies, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Kinesiol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Texas Tech Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. RP Acevedo, EO (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Hlth & Human Performance, Med Coll Virginia Campus, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM eoacevedo@vcu.edu NR 39 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1064-8011 J9 J STRENGTH COND RES JI J. Strength Cond. Res. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 21 IS 1 BP 283 EP 288 DI 10.1519/00124278-200702000-00050 PG 6 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 143CQ UT WOS:000244698000050 PM 17313283 ER PT J AU Ratilal, P Andrews, M Donabed, N Galinde, A Rappaport, C Fenneman, D AF Ratilal, Purnima Andrews, Mark Donabed, Ninos Galinde, Ameya Rappaport, Carey Fenneman, Douglas TI Model for continuously scanning ultrasound vibrometer sensing displacements of randomly rough vibrating surfaces SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID LASER VIBROMETRY; WAVE-GUIDE; LAND MINES; SENSOR; SYSTEM AB An analytic model is developed for the time-dependent ultrasound field reflected off a randomly rough vibrating surface for a continuously scanning ultrasound vibrometer system in bistatic configuration. Kirchhoff's approximation to Green's theorem is applied to model the three-dimensional scattering interaction of the ultrasound wave field with the vibrating rough surface. The model incorporates the beam patterns of both the transmitting and receiving ultrasound transducers and the statistical properties of the rough surface. Two methods are applied to the ultrasound system for estimating displacement and velocity amplitudes of an oscillating surface: incoherent Doppler shift spectra and coherent interferometry. Motion of the vibrometer over the randomly rough surface leads to time-dependent scattering noise that causes a randomization of the received signal spectrum. Simulations with the model indicate that surface displacement and velocity estimation are highly dependent upon the scan velocity and projected wavelength of the ultrasound vibrometer relative to the roughness height standard deviation and correlation length scales of the rough surface. The model is applied to determine limiting scan speeds for ultrasound vibrometer measuring ground displacements arising from acoustic or seismic excitation to be used in acoustic landmine confirmation sensing. (c) 2007 Acoustical Society of America. C1 Northeastern Univ, Ctr Subsirface Sensing & Imaging Syst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Ratilal, P (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Ctr Subsirface Sensing & Imaging Syst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM purnima@ece.neu.edu NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 121 IS 2 BP 863 EP 878 DI 10.1121/1.2404623 PG 16 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 134VW UT WOS:000244113500018 PM 17348511 ER PT J AU Grant, KW Tufts, JB Greenberg, S AF Grant, Ken W. Tufts, Jennifer B. Greenberg, Steven TI Integration efficiency for speech perception within and across sensory modalities by normal-hearing and hearing-impaired individuals SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID AUDITORY-VISUAL INTEGRATION; HIGH-FREQUENCY; CONSONANT RECOGNITION; LISTENERS; INFORMATION; CHANNELS; CUES; AMPLIFICATION; AUDIBILITY; RESOLUTION AB In face-to-face speech communication, the listener extracts and integrates information from the acoustic and optic speech signals. Integration occurs within the auditory modality (i.e., across the acoustic frequency spectrum) and across sensory modalities (i.e., across the acoustic and optic signals). The difficulties experienced by some hearing-impaired listeners in understanding speech could be attributed to losses in the extraction of speech information, the integration of speech cues, or both. The present study evaluated the ability of normal-hearing and hearing- impaired listeners to integrate speech information within and across sensory modalities in order to determine the degree to which integration efficiency may be a factor in the performance of hearing-impaired listeners.. Auditory-visual nonsense syllables consisting of eighteen medial consonants surrounded by the vowel [a] were processed into four nonoverlapping acoustic filter bands between 300 and 6000 Hz. A variety of one, two, three, and four filter-band combinations were presented for identification in auditory-only and auditory-visual conditions: A visual-only condition was also included. Integration efficiency was evaluated using a model of optimal integration. Results showed that normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners integrated information across the auditory and visual sensory modalities with a high degree of efficiency, independent of differences in auditory capabilities. However, across-frequency integration for auditory-only input was less efficient for hearing-impaired listeners. These individuals exhibited particular difficulty extracting information from the highest frequency band (4762-6000 Hz) when speech information was presented concurrently in the next lower-frequency band (1890-2381 Hz). Results suggest that integration of speech information within the auditory modality, but not across auditory and visual modalities, affects speech understanding in hearing-impaired listeners. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Commun Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Silicon Speech, Santa Venetia, CA 94903 USA. RP Grant, KW (reprint author), 301 Hamilton Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA. EM grant@tidalwave.net FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC 00792] NR 48 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 121 IS 2 BP 1164 EP 1176 DI 10.1121/1.2405859 PG 13 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 134VW UT WOS:000244113500044 PM 17348537 ER PT J AU Burroughs, R Maggio, K AF Burroughs, Richard Maggio, Kurt TI Electronmicroscopic investigation into the possible etiology of rosacea and the implication for treatment SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 65th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Dermatology CY FEB 02-06, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Acad Dermatol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Natl Capital Consortium, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 56 IS 2 SU S BP AB44 EP AB44 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 132WE UT WOS:000243972800175 ER PT J AU Zhang, XH Hilmas, GE Fahrenholtz, WG Deason, DM AF Zhang, Xiaohong Hilmas, Gregory E. Fahrenholtz, William G. Deason, Douglas M. TI Hot pressing of tantalum carbide with and without sintering additives SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BORON-CARBIDE; SILICON-CARBIDE; DENSIFICATION; COMPOSITES; DIBORIDE; CARBON AB Densification of tantalum carbide (TaC) was studied by hot pressing at temperatures ranging from 1900 degrees to 2400 degrees C with and without sintering additives. Without sintering additives, the relative density increased from 75% at 1900 degrees C to 96% at 2400 degrees C. A microstructural examination showed no observable grain growth up to 2300 degrees C. Densification was enhanced with carbon (C) and/or B4C additions. TaC with a 0.78 wt% C addition achieved a relative density of 97% at 2300 degrees C. Additions of 0.36 wt% B4C or 0.43 wt% B4C and 0.13 wt% C increased the relative density to 98% at 2200 degrees C, accompanied by rapid grain growth at 2100 degrees C and higher temperatures. C1 Univ Mississippi, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. RP Zhang, XH (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. EM xiaoh@umr.edu OI Fahrenholtz, William/0000-0002-8497-0092 NR 24 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 21 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 90 IS 2 BP 393 EP 401 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2006.01416.x PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 129UD UT WOS:000243754700008 ER PT J AU Judge, TW Parker, DM Dinsmore, RC AF Judge, Timothy W. Parker, David M. Dinsmore, Robert C. TI Abdominal wall hernia repair: A comparison of sepramesh and parietex composite mesh in a rabbit hernia model SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Article ID POLYPROPYLENE MESH; ADHESIONS; PREVENTION; MULTICENTER; MEMBRANE AB BACKGROUND: This study compared Parietex composite mesh (PCM) with Sepramesh (SM) in terms of strength of tissue incorporation, adhesion formation, and mesh shrinkage, using an animal model. STUDY DESIGN: A two-phase, prospective, randomized study using 44 New Zealand white rabbits. Each animal underwent creation of a standardized ventral hernia defect, followed by repair using either SM or PCM. Half of each group was sacrificed and examined at 1 month, and the remainder at 5 months. Outcomes measurements were strength of incorporation (SOI), type and area of adhesions (AA), and mesh shrinkage. RESULTS: SOI for PCM was much greater than for SM, both at 1 month (60.8 N versus 42.6 N) and 5 months (70.9 N versus 31.5 N). The incidence of bowel adhesions was lower with PCM than SM, both at 1 month (1 versus 6) and at 5 months (0 versus 4). At 5 months, PCM demonstrated lower AA, both as a percentage of the mesh (5.6% versus 12.8%) and in terms of absolute area involved (321 mm 2 versus 840 mm 2). PCM underwent considerably more shrinkage than SM, at both 1 month (38.2% versus 18.1%) and 5 months (17.4% versus 6.1%). CONCLUSIONS: PCM demonstrated a substantially stronger SOL which improved over time, and SOI of SM decreased. PCM was also superior in terms of adhesion prevention, but underwent considerably more shrinkage in this experimental model. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Judge, TW (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bldg 300,Rm 1C23, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM timothy.judge@se.amedd.army.mil OI Parker, David/0000-0002-7722-9079 NR 18 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 204 IS 2 BP 276 EP 281 DI 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2006.11.003 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 135DF UT WOS:000244133600010 PM 17254931 ER PT J AU DuBose, DA Leon, LR Morehouse, DH Rufolo, DM Blaha, MD Gordon, CJ AF DuBose, D. A. Leon, L. R. Morehouse, D. H. Rufolo, D. M. Blaha, M. D. Gordon, C. J. TI Hypothermia induction and recovery in free-ranging rats SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hypothermia modeling; accidental hypothermia; hypothermia market; datalogger; cold-induced tachycardia; brown adipose tissue temperature ID MILD HYPOTHERMIA; THERMOGENESIS; INHIBITION; ANESTHESIA; TISSUE; SWINE AB 1. To avoid anesthesia confounders, free-ranging rats were exposed (4 h) to cool water (CW; 10 degrees C; 5 cm), warm water (WW; 35 degrees C; 5 cm) or temperate air (TA; 25 degrees C) to induce hypothermia, or control for water or novel environment stress, respectively. 2. While WW and TA core temperature (T-c) and the brown adipose tissue (T-BAT)/subdermal skin (T-SDS) temperature relationship remained similar, CW hypothermia induction was variable (34.5-26.1 degrees C; 9-240 min) and associated with tachycardia (517.8 +/- 4.7 bpm) greater than WW (386.5 +/- 5.5 bpm) or TA (372.2 +/- 7.7 bpm) with CW T-BAT (36.5 +/- 0.03 degrees C) elevated above CW T-SDS (35.9 +/- 0.05 degrees C). 3. Without anesthesia to blunt thermoregulatory countermeasures to hypothermia, variable resistance to T-c depression, tachycardia rather than bradycardia and BAT thermogenic responses were demonstrated. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP DuBose, DA (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM davdubose@yahoo.com NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 32 IS 2 BP 87 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2006.10.005 PG 10 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 142TQ UT WOS:000244673400005 ER PT J AU Holcomb, JB Jenkins, D Rhee, P Johannigman, J Mahoney, P Mehta, S Cox, ED Gehrke, MJ Beilman, GJ Schreiber, M Flaherty, SF Grathwohl, KW Spinella, PC Perkins, JG Beekley, AC McMullin, NR Park, MS Gonzalez, EA Wade, CE Dubick, MA Schwab, W Moore, FA Champion, HR Hoyt, DB Hess, JR AF Holcomb, John B. Jenkins, Don Rhee, Peter Johannigman, Jay Mahoney, Peter Mehta, Sumeru Cox, E. Darrin Gehrke, Michael J. Beilman, Greg J. Schreiber, Martin Flaherty, Stephen F. Grathwohl, Kurt W. Spinella, Phillip C. Perkins, Jeremy G. Beekley, Alec C. McMullin, Neil R. Park, Myung S. Gonzalez, Ernest A. Wade, Charles E. Dubick, Michael A. Schwab, William Moore, Fred A. Champion, Howard R. Hoyt, David B. Hess, John R. TI Damage control resuscitation: Directly addressing the early coagulopathy of trauma - Commentary SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNCONTROLLED HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; OTHERWISE FATAL HEMORRHAGE; RECOMBINANT-FACTOR-VIIA; FRESH-FROZEN PLASMA; FLUID RESUSCITATION; MASSIVE TRANSFUSION; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; WHOLE-BLOOD; NEUTROPHIL ACTIVATION; CRITICAL-CARE C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. CENTCOM Trauma, Camp Victory, Iraq. Navy Trauma Training Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. 332nd Expeditionary Med Grp, Balad Air Base, Iraq. ADMEM RCDM, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. 10th Combat Support Hosp, Emergency Dept, Baghdad, Iraq. 10th Combat Support Hosp, Dept Surg, Baghdad, Iraq. RP Holcomb, JB (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM john.holcomb@amedd.army.mil OI Beilman, Gregory/0000-0001-5036-3027 NR 64 TC 542 Z9 584 U1 1 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2007 VL 62 IS 2 BP 307 EP 310 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e3180324124 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 137ZY UT WOS:000244333300008 PM 17297317 ER PT J AU Srikiatkhachorn, A Ajariyakhajorn, C Endy, TP Kalayanarooj, S Libraty, DH Green, S Ennis, FA Rothman, AL AF Srikiatkhachorn, Anon Ajariyakhajorn, Chuanpis Endy, Timothy P. Kalayanarooj, Siripen Libraty, Daniel H. Green, Sharone Ennis, Francis A. Rothman, Ajan L. TI Virus-induced decline in soluble vascular endothelial growth receptor 2 is associated with plasma leakage in dengue hemorrhagic fever SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HANTAVIRUS PULMONARY SYNDROME; DISEASE SEVERITY; ELEVATED LEVELS; INFECTION; VEGF; PATHOGENESIS; ANTIBODY; CELLS; IDENTIFICATION; ENHANCEMENT AB Some individuals infected with dengue virus develop dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), a viral hemorrhagic disease characterized by a transient period of localized plasma leakage. To determine the importance of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) in this syndrome, we compared plasma levels of VEGF-A and the soluble forms of its receptors in patients with DHF to patients with dengue fever (DF), a milder form of dengue virus infection without plasma leakage. We observed a rise in the plasma levels of free, but not total VEGF-A in DHF patients at the time of plasma leakage. This was associated with a decline in the soluble form of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and VEGF-soluble VEGFR2 complexes, but not the soluble form of VEGFR1. The severity of plasma leakage in patients inversely correlated with plasma levels of soluble VEGFR2. In vitro, dengue virus suppressed soluble VEGFR2 production by endothelial cells but up-regulated surface VEGFR2 expression and promoted response to VEGF stimulation. In vivo, plasma viral load correlated with the degree of decline in plasma soluble VEGFR2. These results suggest that VEGF regulates vascular permeability and its activity is controlled by binding to soluble VEGFR2. Dengue virus-induced changes in surface and soluble VEGFR2 expression may be an important mechanism of plasma leakage in DHF. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. SUNY Upstate Med Univ, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Dept Pediat, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Srikiatkhachorn, A (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Rm S5-326,55 Lake Ave N, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. EM anon.srikiatlchachorn@umassmed.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [P01AI34533, P01 AI034533] NR 46 TC 81 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 81 IS 4 BP 1592 EP 1600 DI 10.1128/JVI.01642-06 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 136RI UT WOS:000244241400006 PM 17151115 ER PT J AU Dowling, W Thompson, E Badger, C Mellquist, JL Garrison, AR Smith, JM Paragas, J Hogan, RJ Schmaljohn, C AF Dowling, William Thompson, Elizabeth Badger, Catherine Mellquist, Jenny L. Garrison, Aura R. Smith, Jeffery M. Paragas, Jason Hogan, Robert J. Schmaljohn, Connie TI Influences of glycosylation on antigenicity, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy of Ebola virus GP DNA vaccines SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; N-LINKED GLYCANS; CELL RESPONSES; VIRION GLYCOPROTEINS; MARBURG VIRUS; HIV-1 GP120; MICE; INFECTION; HEMAGGLUTININ AB The Ebola virus (EBOV) envelope glycoprotein (GP) is the primary target of protective immunity. Mature GP consists of two disulfide-linked subunits, GP1 and membrane-bound GP2. GP is highly glycosylated with both N- and O-linked carbohydrates. We measured the influences of GP glycosylation on antigenicity, immunogenicity, and protection by testing DNA vaccines comprised of GP genes with deleted N-linked glycosylation sites or with deletions in the central hypervariable mucin region. We showed that mutation of one of the two N-linked GP2 glycosylation sites was highly detrimental to the antigenicity and immunogenicity of GP. Our data indicate that this is likely due to the inability of GP2 and GP1 to dimerize at the cell surface and suggest that glycosylation at this site is required for achieving the conformational integrity of GP2 and GP1. In contrast, mutation of two N-linked sites on GP1, which flank previously defined protective antibody epitopes on GP, may enhance immunogenicity, possibly by unmasking epitopes. We further showed that although deleting the mucin region apparently had no effect on antigenicity in vitro, it negatively impacted the elicitation of protective immunity in mice. In addition, we confirmed the presence of previously identified B-cell and T-cell epitopes in GP but show that when analyzed individually none of them were neither absolutely required nor sufficient for protective immunity to EBOV. Finally, we identified other potential regions of GP that may contain relevant antibody or T-cell epitopes. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Schmaljohn, C (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM connie.Schmaljohn@amedd.army.mil NR 42 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 81 IS 4 BP 1821 EP 1837 DI 10.1128/JVI.02098-06 PG 17 WC Virology SC Virology GA 136RI UT WOS:000244241400027 PM 17151111 ER PT J AU Brown, BK Karasavvas, N Beck, Z Matyas, GR Birx, DL Polonis, VR Alving, CR AF Brown, Bruce K. Karasavvas, Nicos Beck, Zoltan Matyas, Gary R. Birx, Deborah L. Polonis, Victoria R. Alving, Carl R. TI Monoclonal antibodies to phosphatidylinositol phosphate neutralize human immunodeficiency virus type 1: Role of phosphate-binding subsites SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIPHTHERIA-TOXIN; ANTI-GP41 2F5; LIPOSOMES; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; MEMBRANE; CHOLESTEROL; INFECTIONS; TRAFFICKING; RECOGNITION; PROTEINS AB Both a murine monoclonal antibody to phosphatidylinositol phosphate (PIP) and a human monoclonal antibody (4E10) that is known to have broadly neutralizing capabilities against primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) bound to PIP, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Each of the antibodies had antigen subsite binding specificities in aqueous medium for small phosphate-containing molecules and for inositol. The anti-PIP monoclonal antibody inhibited infection by two HIV-1 primary isolates in neutralization assays employing primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The data suggest that PIP or related lipids having free phosphates could serve as targets for the neutralization of HIV-1. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Vaccine Prod & Delivery, Div Retrovirol, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Alving, CR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Vaccine Prod & Delivery, Div Retrovirol, US Mil HIV Res Program, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM calving@hivresearch.org FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 34 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 81 IS 4 BP 2087 EP 2091 DI 10.1128/JVI.02011-06 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 136RI UT WOS:000244241400055 PM 17151131 ER PT J AU Rogerson, SJ Hviid, L Duffy, PE Leke, RFG Taylor, DW AF Rogerson, Stephen J. Hviid, Lars Duffy, Patrick E. Leke, Rose F. G. Taylor, Diane W. TI Malaria in pregnancy: pathogenesis and immunity SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID FALCIPARUM-INFECTED ERYTHROCYTES; CHONDROITIN-SULFATE-A; VARIANT SURFACE-ANTIGENS; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; INTRAUTERINE GROWTH-RETARDATION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CSA-BINDING PARASITES; UMBILICAL CORD-BLOOD; NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM AB Understanding of the biological basis for susceptibility to malaria in pregnancy was recently advanced by the discovery that erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium falciparam accumulate in the placenta through adhesion to molecules such as chondroitin sulphate A. Antibody recognition of placental infected erythrocytes is dependent on sex and gravidity, and could protect from malaria complications. Moreover, a conserved parasite gene-var2rsa-has been associated with placental malaria, suggesting that its product might be an appropriate vaccine candidate. By contrast, our understanding of placental immunopathology and how this contributes to anaemia and low birthweight remains restricted, although inflammatory cytokines produced by T cells, macrophages, and other cells are clearly important. Studies that unravel the role of host response to malaria in pathology and protection in the placenta, and that dissect the relation between timing of infection and outcome, could allow improved targeting of preventive treatments and development of a vaccine for use in pregnant women. C1 Univ Melbourne, Dept Med, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Copenhagen, Denmark. Univ Copenhagen, DK-1168 Copenhagen, Denmark. Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Yaounde, Fac Med & Biomed Sci, Biotechnol Ctr, Yaounde, Cameroon. Georgetown Univ, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20057 USA. Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Trop Med & Med Microbiol, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Rogerson, SJ (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Med, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. EM sroger@unimelb.edu.au OI Rogerson, Stephen/0000-0003-4287-1982; Hviid, Lars/0000-0002-1698-4927 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI071160, 1R21 AI066184, R01 AI52059, U01AI 43888, U19 AI065664]; Wellcome Trust NR 165 TC 195 Z9 200 U1 2 U2 15 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1473-3099 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 7 IS 2 BP 105 EP 117 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(07)70022-1 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 129RX UT WOS:000243748900023 PM 17251081 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, Edwin B. TI The battle for the Rhine: The battle of the bulge and the Ardennes campaign, 1944. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2007 VL 132 IS 2 BP 85 EP 85 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 130IZ UT WOS:000243794600180 ER PT J AU Sandhu, JS Pergantis, CG Popek, W AF Sandhu, Jaswinder S. Pergantis, Charles G. Popek, Witold TI Recent advances in acoustography for ultrasonic testing SO MATERIALS EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE acoustography; ultrasonic imaging; nondestructive testing; ultrasonic testing AB Acoustography is the ultrasonic analog of real time X-ray imaging. It uses a novel two-dimensional acousto-optic sensor for full field, large area, real time image formation through simple shadow casting, similar to X-ray imaging. Recently, we reported two important advances in acoustography: rapid acousto-optic sensors that allow real time video-type imaging capability, and acousto-optic sensors that demonstrate a "memory effect." In this paper, we report on several new capabilities that are becoming apparent With the acoustography approach. The rapid acousto-optic sensors can be employed as a tool for fast ultrasonic testing of components and structures during manufacturing as well as in the field. In addition, we have found that acoustography can also be employed as a fast, cost effective tool for transducer field mapping, which could be important for assuring transducer quality, especially phased array transducers. The memory-type acousto-optic sensor can be used to develop an "acousto-optic patch" device, which is also suitable for field testing of structures and components. These recent developments allow acoustography to offer numerous advantages over conventional ultrasonic testing point-by-point scanning techniques, such as wide area testing, circumvention of bulky mechanical scanning, ease of rise, ability for data to be interpreted by low skill level operators, and simple setup. C1 Santec Syst Inc, Wheeling, IL 60090 USA. USA, Ballist Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Sandhu, JS (reprint author), Santec Syst Inc, Wheeling, IL 60090 USA. EM j-sandhu@santecsystems.com NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NONDESTRUCTIVE TEST PI COLUMBUS PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 USA SN 0025-5327 J9 MATER EVAL JI Mater. Eval. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 65 IS 2 BP 147 EP 152 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 132MB UT WOS:000243945800006 ER PT J AU Martini, WZ AF Martini, Wenjun Zhou TI The effects of hypothermia on fibrinogen metabolism and coagulation function in swine SO METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article ID FACTOR VIIA; PLATELET-FUNCTION; INJURED PATIENTS; TRAUMA PATIENTS; BLOOD; COAGULOPATHY; TEMPERATURE; HEMOPHILIA; MODEL; THROMBELASTOGRAPHY AB Clinical coagulopathy frequently occurs in the presence of hypothermia. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of hypothermia on clotting protein fibrinogen metabolism and on coagulation function in a swine model. Twelve pigs were randomly allocated into control and hypothermia groups. Hypothermia of 32 degrees C was induced using a blanket with circulating water at 4 degrees C. Fibrinogen synthesis and breakdown were quantified using a 6-hour stable isotope infusion with subsequent gas chromatograph and mass spectrometry analysis. Clotting enzyme thrombin generation kinetics was quantified at baseline and at the end of the infusion. Changes in fibrinogen metabolism and thrombin generation were correlated with coagulation function assessed by thromboelastography (TEG). Hypothermia decreased fibrinogen synthesis from the control value of 2.6 +/- 0.4 to 1.2 +/- 0.2 mg kg(-1) h(-1) (P < .05), with no effect on fibrinogen breakdown. Thrombin generation at the initiation phase was delayed by hypothermia, but there were no changes at the propagation phase. In thromboelastography measurements, the initial clotting time (R time) was prolonged from the baseline value of 3.01 +/- 0.13 to 4.30 +/- 0.24 minutes (P < .05) and clotting rapidity (angle a) was decreased from the baseline value of 72.30 +/- 0.90 to 65.34 +/- 1.07 (P < .05). Hypothermia caused no significant changes in clot strength (maximum amplitude) and clot lysis (LY60). We concluded that hypothermia caused a potential deficit in fibrinogen availability and a delay in thrombin generation, consequently inhibiting coagulation function. Our data support the current practices of rewarming and prescribing recombinant factor VIIa for hypothermic patients with coagulation defects. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Martini, WZ (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM wenjun.martini@amedd.army.mil NR 41 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0026-0495 J9 METABOLISM JI Metab.-Clin. Exp. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 56 IS 2 BP 214 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.metabol.2006.09.015 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 131RD UT WOS:000243886600010 PM 17224335 ER PT J AU Taylor, S Herzog, GF Delaney, JS AF Taylor, Susan Herzog, Gregory F. Delaney, Jeremy S. TI Crumbs from the crust of Vesta: Achondritic cosmic spherules from the South Pole water well SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INTERPLANETARY DUST PARTICLES; ANTARCTIC MICROMETEORITES; ACCRETION RATE; METEORITES; SHERGOTTITE; PETROLOGY; OXYGEN; CHEMISTRY; IRON; FRACTIONATION AB Ten glass cosmic spherules (CS) from the South Pole water well collection were analyzed by electron microprobe. Nine of them have Fe/Mn and Fe/Mg ratios in the range typical of chondrites. One of them (SP37-3), along with up to six other previously analyzed CS, have nonchondritic Fe/Mn and Fe/Mg ratios that agree well with values typical of either (basaltic) howardite, eucrite, and diogenite (HED) meteorites or Martian basalts, but not of lunar samples. SP37-3 also contains an anorthite relic grain. Anorthite has not previously been reported in cosmic spherules, but is well known in HED meteorites. The much greater frequency of HEDs among hand-sized meteorites suggests but does not prove that HED precursors are more likely for the nonchondritic spherules. We estimate that HED-like micrometeorites constitute similar to 0.5 +/- 0.4% of the total population of micrometeorites in the South Pole water well a fraction that translates to a flux of 1.6 +/- 0.3 x 10(-8) g HED micrometeorites/m(2)-y. The ratio of HED-like objects to carbonaceous objects is about 100 times less in micrometeorites than among hand-size specimens. We infer that the comparative mechanical weakness of carbonaceous precursor materials tends to encourage spherule formation. C1 Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Taylor, S (reprint author), Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Susan.Taylor@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 55 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 7 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 42 IS 2 BP 223 EP 233 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 134TH UT WOS:000244106500006 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ Jones, SB Sharp, MA Darakjy, S Jones, BH AF Knapik, Joseph J. Jones, Sarah B. Sharp, Marilyn A. Darakjy, Salima Jones, Bruce H. TI The validity of self-reported physical fitness test scores SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 52nd Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 01-04, 2005 CL Nashville, TN SP Amer Coll Sports Med ID ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE; EXERCISE; WEIGHT; HEIGHT; HEALTH; MEN AB Epidemiological studies often have to rely on a participant's self-reporting of information. The validity of the self-report instrument is an important consideration in any study. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the validity of self-reported Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) scores. The APFT is administered to all soldiers in the U.S. Army twice a year and consists of the maximum number of push-ups completed in 2 minutes, the maximum number of sit-ups completed in 2 minutes, and a 2-mile run for time. Army mechanics responded to a questionnaire in March and June 2004 asking them to report the exact scores of each event on their most recent APFT. Actual APFT scores were obtained from the soldier's military unit. The mean +/- standard deviation (SD) of actual and self-reported numbers of push-ups was 61 +/- 14 and 65 +/- 13, respectively. The mean +/- SD of actual and self-reported numbers of sit-ups were 66 +/- 10 and 68 +/- 10, respectively. The mean +/- SD of actual and self-reported run times (minutes) were 14.8 +/- 1.4 and 14.6 +/- 1.4, respectively. Correlations between actual and self-reported push-ups, sit-ups, and run were 0.83, 0.71, and 0.85, respectively. On average, soldiers tended to slightly over-report performance on all APFT events and individual self-reported scores could vary widely from actual scores based on Bland-Altman plots. Despite this, the close correlations between the actual and self-reported scores suggest that self-reported values are adequate for most epidemiological military studies involving larger sample sizes. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Knapik, JJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, 5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 172 IS 2 BP 115 EP 120 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 136NY UT WOS:000244232600001 ER PT J AU Warner, C Warner, C Matuszak, T Rachal, J Flynn, J Grieger, TA AF Warner, Christopher Warner, Carolynn Matuszak, Theresa Rachal, James Flynn, Julianne Grieger, Thomas A. TI Disordered eating in entry-level military personnel SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CONTRIBUTING FACTORS; ATTITUDES TEST; PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITY; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; SEXUAL-ABUSE; AIR-FORCE; PREVALENCE; BEHAVIORS; FEMALE; NAVY AB Objective: The goal was to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for disordered eating in an entry-level U.S. Army population. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of advanced individual training U.S. Army soldiers at Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, was performed with an anonymous self-report survey containing demographic factors, history (including abuse and psychiatric treatment), and Eating Attitudes Test-26. Results: Of 1,184 advanced individual training soldiers approached, 1,090 participated. The response rate was 91.2% (955 men and 135 women). Forty percent were overweight (body mass index of >= 25), 11% reported a psychiatric history, 26% reported a history of abuse, and 9.8% endorsed disordered eating (male, 7.0%; female, 29.6%), as defined by Eating Attitudes Test-26. Factors that placed soldiers at higher risk for disordered eating were female gender (odds ratio, 5.63; 95% confidence interval, 3.32-9.57; p < 0.00005), overweight (odds ratio, 3.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.92-4.89; p < 0.00005), previous psychiatric treatment (odds ratio, 1.87; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-3.36; p = 0.035), and history of verbal abuse (odds ratio, 2.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.16-3.51; p = 0.014). Conclusions: Our study shows a higher than expected rate of disordered eating in advanced individual training soldiers with identifiable risk factors. This indicates an important need for further study, effective screening, preventive counseling, and early intervention for treatment. C1 Div Behav Hlth, Infantry Div 3, Ft Stewart, GA 31314 USA. Winn Army Community Hosp, Dept Family Practice, Ft Stewart, GA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Ehrling Berquist Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Offutt AFB, NE 68113 USA. RP Warner, C (reprint author), Div Behav Hlth, Infantry Div 3, Ft Stewart, GA 31314 USA. NR 39 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 3 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 172 IS 2 BP 147 EP 151 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 136NY UT WOS:000244232600010 PM 17357768 ER PT J AU Newmark, J Langer, JM Capacio, B Barr, J McIntosh, RG AF Newmark, Jonathan Langer, Janice M. Capacio, Benedict Barr, John McIntosh, Roger G. TI Liquid sulfur mustard exposure SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BETA-LYASE METABOLITES; HUMAN URINE; THIODIGLYCOL; QUANTIFICATION; QUANTITATION AB A 35-year-old active duty service member sustained a 6.5% body surface area burn as a result of exposure to the chemical warfare agent sulfur mustard, which is the most severe mustard exposure of a U.S. military member since World War II that is known to us. New techniques were used to demonstrate the detectable persistence of mustard metabolites in the patient's blood for at least 41 days after exposure, validating these techniques for the first time for a human mustard patient; they were also used for the first time with human mustard blister fluid. The techniques extend eightfold the period of time that mustard exposure can be definitively diagnosed, compared with previous techniques. Although this patient's lesions were never life-threatening, he required 2 weeks of intensive burn care. He has been left with ongoing posttraumatic stress disorder and has had an incomplete dermatological recovery. In a major terrorist attack involving many patients exposed to sulfur mustard, care resources would be depleted quickly. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. US Dept HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Publ Hth Emergency Prepar, Washington, DC 20201 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. 436th Med Operat Squadron, Dover AFB, DE 19902 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Family Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Abingdon, MD 21009 USA. USA, Reserve Unit Consequence Management, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Newmark, J (reprint author), Joint Program Execut Off Chem Off Chem Biol Def, Med Syst, Skyline 2,Suite 1609,5203 Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. NR 14 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 172 IS 2 BP 196 EP 198 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 136NY UT WOS:000244232600018 PM 17357776 ER PT J AU Lougee, D Kemmer, TM Lynch, J AF Lougee, Douglas Kemmer, Teresa M. Lynch, Julia TI An innovative medical civil-military operation training program SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th International Congress on Military Medicine Humanitarian Assistance for Natural and Man-Made Disasters CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Washington, DC AB The San Antonio Military Pediatric Center has developed an innovative humanitarian civic assistance (HCA) program. Many medical HCA programs focus on short-term medical interventions and provide transient benefit. To have a more lasting impact, this program focuses on public health surveillance. U.S. military medics conduct random household nutritional surveys and train in austere settings and on rounds in Honduran hospitals. Since 2001, >200 military medics have been trained in population assessment, primary medical care in developing nations, and other skills critical for medical civil-military operations. All activities are coordinated with the host nation. Public health data are collected and reported to Honduran public health leaders, the U.S. Agency for International Development, and nongovernmental organizations, to assist with program and policy development. This innovative project is a potential model to improve both military training and host nation benefit from HCA programs. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio Mil Pediat Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lougee, D (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio Mil Pediat Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 172 IS 2 BP 205 EP 209 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 136NY UT WOS:000244232600021 PM 17357779 ER PT J AU Arzola, JM Hawley, JS Oakman, C Mora, RV AF Arzola, Jorge M. Hawley, Joshua S. Oakman, Crystal Mora, Rafael V. TI A case of prostatitis due to Burkholderia pseudomallei SO NATURE CLINICAL PRACTICE UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE antibiotics; Burkholderia pseudomallei; prostatitis; sepsis ID TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; SEVERE MELIOIDOSIS; TSUNAMI SURVIVORS; CEFTAZIDIME; SEVERITY; THERAPY; DISEASE AB Background A 67-year-old male, with a history of stable lower urinary tract symptoms, diabetes mellitus, benign prostatic hyperplasia, gonococcal urethritis, and excessive alcohol consumption, presented to the emergency room with sepsis and acute bacterial prostatitis. He had recently returned from a visit to Indonesia, where he had been a first-hand witness to the 2004 tsunami. Investigations Complete blood cell count, urine analysis, blood, urine, and prostatic abscess cultures, chest X-ray, contrasted CT of the abdomen and pelvis, and F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET. Diagnosis Melioidosis. Management Broad-spectrum empiric antibiotics were administered initially; therapy was then changed to intravenous imipenem plus cilastatin with slow initial clinical improvement. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET localized the prostate as the only nidus of infection. Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of a small fluid collection of the prostate also grew Burkholderia pseudomallei. The patient improved clinically and was discharged to complete a 2-week course of intravenous imipenem plus cilastatin followed by a 3-month course of oral trimethoprim plus sulfamethoxazole. This medication was switched to co-amoxiclav and doxycycline to complete the 3-month course. The patient was well at his last follow-up, 3 months following hospital discharge. C1 San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Urol Residency Program, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Arzola, JM (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, 8423 Feather Trail, Helotes, TX 78023 USA. EM jorge.arzola@lackland.af.mil NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1743-4270 J9 NAT CLIN PRACT UROL JI Nat. Clin. Pract. Urol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 4 IS 2 BP 111 EP 114 DI 10.1038/ncpuro0713 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 133GZ UT WOS:000244002700013 PM 17287872 ER PT J AU Wertheimer, RH AF Wertheimer, Robert H. TI Evaluation of a surface flow bypass system for steelhead kelt passage at Bonneville Dam, Washington SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID TROUT SALMO-GAIRDNERI; LIFE-HISTORY CHARACTERISTICS; LOWER GRANITE DAM; SNAKE RIVER; CHINOOK SALMON; COLUMBIA RIVER; VARIABILITY; POPULATIONS; HATCHERY; TURBINES AB A surface flow bypass system for juvenile Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. began operation at the second powerhouse (B2) of Bonneville Dam on the lower Columbia River in spring 2004. This surface bypass, called the "B2 corner collector," is the result of extensive modification of the original B2 sluice chute. Because steelhead O. mykiss are iteroparous, the effect of this bypass and the unmodified sluiceway at the older first powerhouse (B1) on downstream migration of postspawn steelhead (i.e., kelts) may be an important factor in the rate of iteroparity. As such, passage at Bonneville Dam (river kilometer [rkm] 234, measured from the mouth of the Columbia River) was examined to understand the efficiency of surface bypass 'in passing kelts. Steelhead kelts were collected, radio-tagged, and volitionally released from the juvenile bypass facilities at McNary Dam (rkm 465) and John Day Dam (rkm 345) on the Columbia River during spring 2004. Forebay residence times for kelts passing via B2 (with the corner collector operating) were significantly reduced relative to residence times published from a prior period with similar water flows at B2 (2002). Passage efficiency (nonturbine passage) at B2 significantly increased in relation to this same period. Over 80% of kelts at B2 and nearly the same percentage at B I were routed away from turbines via surface flow routes passing up to 5% of total discharge at each powerhouse, indicating that relatively small amounts of surface flow are needed to pass kelts via nonturbine routes. Providing surface flow passage routes may provide an efficient means of bolstering iteroparity rates by increasing the number of kelts that successfully navigate Bonneville Dam during the spring. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Fisheries Field Unit, Cascade Locks, OR 97014 USA. RP Wertheimer, RH (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Fisheries Field Unit, Cascade Locks, OR 97014 USA. EM robert.h.wertheimer@usace.army.mil NR 37 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0275-5947 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 27 IS 1 BP 21 EP 29 DI 10.1577/M05-216.1 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 151PC UT WOS:000245301700002 ER PT J AU Rogillio, HE Ruth, RT Behrens, EH Doolittle, CN Granger, WJ Kirk, JP AF Rogillio, Howard E. Ruth, Ronald T. Behrens, Elizabeth H. Doolittle, Cedric N. Granger, Whitney J. Kirk, James P. TI Gulf sturgeon movements in the Pearl River drainage and the Mississippi sound SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID SUWANNEE RIVER; FLORIDA; MIGRATION AB A study of the seasonal movements of Gulf sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi was conducted in the Pearl River system and the Mississippi Sound from 2000 through 2003. We captured or recaptured, marked, and released 503 Gulf sturgeon, 98 adults being tagged with internal or external telemetry tags. Movement chronologies were generally similar to those reported in other studies. Summer habitats were found in the Pearl and Bogue Chitto rivers (Louisiana-Mississippi), and these habitats were occupied from April through November. Adults and subadults were spatially separated, the adults being concentrated in the Bogue Chitto River and the subadults in the Pearl River. Tagged adults began to leave the summer habitat during September and to arrive at the mouth of the Pearl River and the Rigolets Pass. The last departure from this location was in late November. Wintering habitat between Cat, Ship, Hom, and Petit Bois islands in the Mississippi Sound was used between November and early March. Gulf sturgeon returned to the Rigolets Pass from March through June. Despite extensive sampling and the use of multiple collection gears, no eggs, larvae, or age-0 fish were captured and Gulf sturgeon spawning sites within this system remain unknown. The identification of summer and wintering habitats is essential for critical habitat designation for this species, which is federally listed as threatened. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Environm Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, New Orleans, LA 70160 USA. Louisiana State Univ, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. Louisiana Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, Lacombe, LA 70445 USA. RP Kirk, JP (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Environm Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM james.p.kirk@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0275-5947 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 27 IS 1 BP 89 EP 95 DI 10.1577/M05-170.1 PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 151PC UT WOS:000245301700008 ER PT J AU Byers, BD Silva, PH Kost, ER AF Byers, Benjamin D. Silva, Phaelon H. Kost, Edward R. TI Delivery complicated by postpartum Hemorrhage and lower extremity compartment syndrome SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article AB BACKGROUND: Extremity compartment syndrome is a rare surgical complication in which increased intracompartmental pressure threatens the viability of the muscular and nervous tissue. We report a case of a delivery complicated by postpartum hemorrhage and a lower extremity compartment syndrome. CASE: A multigravida in her late 20s was admitted for induction of labor at 41 weeks of gestation. She underwent a cesarean delivery for a nonreassuring fetal heart rate tracing. The delivery was complicated by severe postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony, resulting in a cesarean hysterectomy. The patient developed a lower extremity compartment syndrome and underwent an emergent anterior tibial fasciotomy. CONCLUSION: Extremity compartment syndrome is rarely encountered in obstetric care; however, there may be an association with severe postpartum hemorrhage. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall US AF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Byers, BD (reprint author), 755 Gotham St, Watertown, NY 13601 USA. EM Benjamindbyers@yahoo.com NR 6 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 109 IS 2 BP 507 EP 509 DI 10.1097/01.AOG.0000222360.81498.67 PN 2 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 195AK UT WOS:000248384700011 PM 17267875 ER PT J AU de Ceglia, D D'Orazio, A De Sario, M Petruzzelli, V Prudenzano, F Centini, M Cappeddu, MG Bloemor, MJ Scalora, M AF de Ceglia, Domenico D'Orazio, Antonella De Sario, Marco Petruzzelli, Vincenzo Prudenzano, Francesco Centini, Marco Cappeddu, Mirko G. Bloemor, Mark J. Scalora, Michael TI Enhancement and inhibition of second-harmonic generation and absorption in a negative index cavity SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID METAMATERIALS AB We study second-harmonic generation in a negative-index material cavity. The transmission spectrum shows a bandgap between the electric and magnetic plasma frequencies. The nonlinear process is made efficient by local phase-matching conditions between a forward-propagating pump and a backward-propagating second-harmonic signal. By simultaneously exciting the cavity with counterpropagating pulses, and by varying their relative phase difference, one is able to enhance or inhibit linear absorption and the second-harmonic conversion efficiency. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America. C1 Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Elettrotecn & Elettron, I-70125 Bari, Italy. Politecn Bari, DIASS, Taranto, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. USA, Charles M Bowden Res Ctr, RDEC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP de Ceglia, D (reprint author), Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Elettrotecn & Elettron, Via Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy. EM deceglia@deemail.paliba.it RI D'Orazio, Antonella/E-9651-2012; Petruzzelli, Vincenzo/E-5576-2015; Petruzzelli, Vincenzo/H-5188-2012; OI D'Orazio, Antonella/0000-0002-5891-7036; Petruzzelli, Vincenzo/0000-0001-6921-9981; Petruzzelli, Vincenzo/0000-0001-6921-9981; CENTINI, MARCO/0000-0003-0625-0054 NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 2007 VL 32 IS 3 BP 265 EP 267 DI 10.1364/OL.32.000265 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 137FR UT WOS:000244278900021 PM 17215940 ER PT J AU Purdom, E Robitschek, J Littlefield, PD Cable, B AF Purdom, Eric Robitschek, Jon Littlefield, Phillip D. Cable, Benjamin TI Acute airway obstruction from a thyroglossal duct cyst SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID REMNANTS C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Robitschek, J (reprint author), 480 Mananai Pl Unit S, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA. EM Jon.Robitschek@haw.tamc.amedd.army.mil OI Littlefield, Philip/0000-0002-1890-2278 NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 136 IS 2 BP 317 EP 318 DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2006.06.1273 PG 2 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 133ZK UT WOS:000244052200033 PM 17275565 ER PT J AU Polacek, GNLJ Ramos, MC Ferrer, RL AF Johnston Polacek, Georgia N. L. Ramos, Mary Carol Ferrer, Robert L. TI Breast cancer disparities and decision-making among US women SO PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING LA English DT Review DE minority women; breast cancer; treatment; disparities; treatment decision-making; economically disadvantaged; women of color ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; COMPARING TOTAL MASTECTOMY; HISPANIC WHITE WOMEN; 20-YEAR FOLLOW-UP; CONSERVING SURGERY; OLDER WOMEN; RADICAL-MASTECTOMY; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; HELPING PATIENTS; HEALTH-CARE AB Objective: The impact of breast cancer is immense for all women, but the literature reveals an even greater impact on women of color and among socially and economically disadvantaged populations. Persistent differences in incidence and outcome are undoubtedly due to multiple factors, but one element in poor outcome may be treatment choice. Those treatments shown to be related to best outcomes are less likely to be chosen by certain groups of women. The effects of economic and cultural factors on breast cancer treatment choice have not been thoroughly explored; these factors must be understood if health care professionals are to intervene effectively to address disparities and improve breast cancer outcomes for all women. Methods: A review of the breast cancer literature was conducted in order to: (1) describe breast cancer disparities in the United States; (2) delineate factors that might contribute to those disparities; (3) assess possible mitigating factors for predominant causes; (4) begin to decide how health care interventions might allay the factors that contribute to disparities in breast cancer incidence and mortality. Results: Breast cancer incidence and outcome disparities in the United States are due to multiple interacting factors. These include information about treatment, different types of treatment, the emotional context of decision-making, and patient preference for level of involvement. Treatment decision-making is complex. Conclusion: Health literacy and level of decision-making involvement, both embedded in social and economic reality, are key components in breast cancer treatment decision-making and may contribute to breast cancer disparities in the United States. Current models of shared decision-making may not be generalizable to all breast cancer patients. Practice implications: Optimal breast cancer outcomes for all women depend on culturally and ethnically appropriate professional support. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Hlth & Kinesiol, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. USA, Med Command, Qual Management Div, Evidence Based Practice Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Family & Community Med, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. RP Polacek, GNLJ (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Hlth & Kinesiol, 6900 N Loop 1604 W, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. EM Georgia.polacek@utsa.edu RI Ferrer, Robert/A-6854-2009 NR 82 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0738-3991 J9 PATIENT EDUC COUNS JI Patient Educ. Couns. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 65 IS 2 BP 158 EP 165 DI 10.1016/j.pec.2006.06.003 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 138MB UT WOS:000244365600003 PM 16870385 ER PT J AU Killgore, WDS Killgore, DB AF Killgore, William D. S. Killgore, Desiree B. TI Morningness-eveningness correlates with verbal ability in women but not men SO PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS LA English DT Article ID INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; INTELLIGENCE; SLEEP AB Individuals differ along a continuum of preference for diurnal activity level, known as Morningness-Eveningness. Some evidence suggests that an Eveningness orientation (i.e., preference for later rise and bed times) is weakly associated with higher cognitive ability, but no studies have examined this relationship using clinically accepted, psychometrically valid measures of cognitive ability. The present study examined the correlation between Morningness-Eveningness with scores on the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale Of Intelligence (WASI) of 54 healthy Volunteers. Lower Morningness (i.e., Greater Eveningness) orientation was correlated (r= -.23) with higher Verbal IQ for the entire sample. When the data were examined separately by sex, the correlation between Morningness-Eveningness and Verbal IQ was significant for women (r= -.44) but not for men (r = -.09). C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Dept Behav Biol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Killgore, WDS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Dept Behav Biol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM william.d.killgore@us.army.mil OI Killgore, William/0000-0002-5328-0208 NR 15 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMMONS SCIENTIFIC, LTD PI MISSOULA PA PO BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807-9229 USA SN 0031-5125 J9 PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL JI Percept. Mot. Skills PD FEB PY 2007 VL 104 IS 1 BP 335 EP 338 DI 10.2466/PMS.104.1.335-338 PG 4 WC Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA 156GQ UT WOS:000245636500035 PM 17450994 ER PT J AU Umbrajkar, S Trunov, MA Schoenitz, M Dreizin, EL Broad, R AF Umbrajkar, Swati Trunov, Mikhaylo A. Schoenitz, Mirko Dreizin, Edward L. Broad, Russell TI Arrested reactive milling synthesis and characterization of sodium-nitrate based reactive composites SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE reactive composites; metal combustion; milling; ignition kinetics ID KINETICS AB Arrested reactive milling was used to synthesize three composite powders using sodium nitrate as an oxidizer, and magnesium, aluminum, and mechanically alloyed aluminum-magnesium (Al-0.5 Mg-0.5) as respective fuels. Both magnesium and aluminum powders formed flakes with varying thickness from hundreds of nm to several mu m sandwiched between sodium nitrate particles. Three-dimensional composite and nanocomposite particles were formed with Al-Mg mechanically alloyed powder. No change in the crystallinity of any components was observed from X-ray diffraction patterns of the composite materials. Materials were characterized using differential thermal analysis (DTA) and simultaneous thermogravimetry (TG), carried out in argon. In composite materials, the decomposition of sodium nitrate starts at lower temperatures than for pure sodium nitrate. Weight loss is observed to start at relatively low temperatures. The most significant exothermic events occur at substantially higher temperatures, and therefore in a material that may have been significantly altered from its initial state. The results of thermal analysis indicate that the composite with mechanically alloyed Al-Mg powder is most stable at low temperatures. Ignition of the prepared composites was studied using a thin layer of powder coated on an electrically heated filament. These experiments showed that the composite with mechanically alloyed Al-Mg powder ignites at lowest temperatures and thus is expected to have the shortest ignition delays in practical applications. The emission spectra of the prepared composites burning in air are presented. C1 New Jersey Inst Technol, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. USA, Engn Ctr, RDECOM, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA. RP Dreizin, EL (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. EM dreizin@njit.edu RI Dreizin, Edward/O-6416-2014; OI Dreizin, Edward/0000-0003-0859-0984 NR 23 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 32 IS 1 BP 32 EP 41 DI 10.1002/prep.200700005 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 140MH UT WOS:000244508900005 ER PT J AU Wynn, GH Sandson, NB Cozza, KL AF Wynn, Gary H. Sandson, Neil B. Cozza, Kelly L. TI Gastrointestinal medications SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS; STEADY-STATE PHARMACOKINETICS; TYPE-3 RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS; HUMAN LIVER-MICROSOMES; PLASMA-CONCENTRATIONS; CYTOCHROME-P450 3A4; DRUG-INTERACTION; IN-VITRO; POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA; GENETIC-POLYMORPHISM AB Medications to address gastrointestinal disorders are among the most commonly dispensed somatic medications. The authors examine proton pump inhibitors, H-2 blockers, 5-HT3 receptor-antagonists, and a few other drugs that are used to address this domain of medical concerns. The metabolic pathways, interactions with the P-glycoprotein transporter, and capabilities of inhibiting or inducing metabolic enzymes are elucidated for each drug. Specific drug - drug interactions with each agent are also detailed, including both psychotropic and non-psychotropic agents. Also, the article explores how different genotypic variants for specific cytochrome P450 enzymes have an impact on the effectiveness and likelihood of drug - drug interactions relating to specific gastrointestinal medications. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Psychiat, Med Syst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Wynn, GH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM ghwynn@gmail.com RI Wynn, Gary/B-3618-2011 NR 70 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD FEB PY 2007 VL 48 IS 1 BP 79 EP 85 DI 10.1176/appi.psy.48.1.79 PG 7 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 123RN UT WOS:000243313300014 PM 17209156 ER PT J AU Doty, J Lumpkin, A AF Doty, Joseph Lumpkin, Angela TI Do sports build or reveal character - An exploratory study at one service academy SO RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. EM joseph.doty@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER ALLIANCE HEALTH PHYS EDUC REC & DANCE PI RESTON PA 1900 ASSOCIATION DRIVE, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0270-1367 J9 RES Q EXERCISE SPORT JI Res. Q. Exerc. Sport PD FEB PY 2007 VL 78 IS 1 BP A91 EP A91 PG 1 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology, Applied; Psychology; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA 137YH UT WOS:000244328700229 ER PT J AU East, WB AF East, Whitfield B. TI Eastern district AAHPERD 2007 research keynote: Effects of current trends in youth fitness on physical performance assessments and training methodologies of the United States Military Academy and the Army SO RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ALLIANCE HEALTH PHYS EDUC REC & DANCE PI RESTON PA 1900 ASSOCIATION DRIVE, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0270-1367 J9 RES Q EXERCISE SPORT JI Res. Q. Exerc. Sport PD FEB PY 2007 VL 78 IS 1 BP A4 EP A4 PG 1 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology, Applied; Psychology; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA 137YH UT WOS:000244328700010 ER PT J AU Idris, AH Convertino, VA Ratliff, DA Doerr, DF Lurie, KG Gabrielli, A Banner, MJ AF Idris, Aharned H. Convertino, Victor A. Ratliff, Duane A. Doerr, Donald F. Lurie, Keith G. Gabrielli, Andrea Banner, Michael J. TI Imposed power of breathing associated with use of an impedance threshold device SO RESPIRATORY CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Critical Care Congress of the Society-of-Critical-Care-Medicine CY 2005 CL Phoenix, AZ SP Soc Crit Care Med DE respiration; power of breathing; minute ventilation; inspiratory pressure; hypotension ID DECOMPRESSION CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION; INSPIRATORY IMPEDANCE; CARDIAC-ARREST; HEMODYNAMIC-RESPONSES; HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; MECHANICAL WORK; PORCINE MODEL; VALVE; SPACEFLIGHT; HYPOTENSION AB OBJECTIVE: To measure the imposed power of breathing (imposed work of breathing per minute) associated with spontaneous breathing through an active impedance threshold device and a sham impedance threshold device. DESIGN: Prospective randomized blinded protocol. SETTING: University medical center. PATIENTS: Nineteen healthy, normotensive volunteers (10 males, 9 females, age range 20-56 y, mean +/- SD weight 54.8 +/- 7.7 kg for females, 84 +/- 8 kg for males). METHODS: The volunteers completed 2 trials of breathing through a face mask fitted with an active impedance threshold device set to open at -7 cm H(2)O pressure, or with a sham impedance threshold device, which was identical to the active device except that it did not contain an inspiratory threshold pressure valve diaphragm. Spontaneous breathing frequency (f), tidal volume (V(T)), exhaled minute ventilation, inspiratory pressure, and inspiratory time were measured with a respiratory monitor, and the data were directed to a laptop computer for real-time calculation of the imposed power of breathing. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in heart rate, respiratory rate, tidal volume, and minute ventilation, with and without inspiratory impedance. For the sham and active impedance threshold device groups, respectively, the mean +/- SD imposed power of breathing values were 0.92 +/- 0.63 J/min and 8.18 +/- 4.52 J/min (p < 0.001), the mean +/- SD inspiratory times were 1.98 +/- 0.86 s and 2.97 +/- 1.1 s (p = 0.001), and the mean +/- SD inspiratory airway/mouth pressures were -1.1 +/- 0.6 cm H(2)O and -11.7 +/- 2.4 cm H(2)O (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Breathing through an active impedance threshold device requires significantly more power than breathing through a sham device. All subjects tolerated the respiratory work load and were able to complete the study protocol. C1 Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NASA, Bionet Corp, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL USA. NASA, Biol & Chem Labs Branch, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL USA. Adv Circulatory Syst, Eden Prairie, MN USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Emergency Med, Minneapolis, MN USA. Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Physiol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. RP Banner, MJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Anesthesiol, POB 100254, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL077887] NR 26 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU DAEDALUS ENTERPRISES INC PI IRVING PA 9425 N MAC ARTHUR BLVD, STE 100, IRVING, TX 75063-4706 USA SN 0020-1324 J9 RESP CARE JI Respir. Care PD FEB PY 2007 VL 52 IS 2 BP 177 EP 183 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 133XN UT WOS:000244047300006 PM 17261206 ER PT J AU Smith, DL Brannon, EL AF Smith, David L. Brannon, Ernest L. TI Influence of cover on mean column hydraulic characteristics in small pool riffle morphology streams SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE turbulence; habitat; trout; models; small streams; ADV ID JUVENILE RAINBOW-TROUT; INCREMENTAL METHODOLOGY; TERRITORY SIZE; COHO SALMON; BROWN TROUT; HABITAT USE; FLOW; TURBULENCE; MODEL; RIVER AB The field of ecohydraulics tries to link biological- and physical-based processes in order to describe better the distribution of plants and animals in rivers. We tested the hypothesis that the influence of cover in pools and riffles Would not be detectable using average velocity, turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent intensity, and compared these measurements to locations distant from cover. We measured water velocity fluctuations using an acoustic Doppler velocimeter. We found that turbulent intensity in the downstream direction (u') and the transverse or cross-stream direction (v') were the most useful in detecting the presence of cover in pools and riffles. Differences were apparent between locations near cover in pools ancl riffles. Turbulent kinetic energy (k) and vertical turbulent intensity (w') detected cover in pools but not in riffles. Average downstream velocity (u) detected cover in riffles but not in pools. Average cross-stream (v) and vertical (w) velocities did not detect any differences at all. We rejected the null hypothesis and concluded that turbulence caused by habitat features such as large rocks, wood or other channel complexities results in a statistically meaningful difference in flow characteristics in locations near cover. This finding was tempered by the fact that knowledge about how fish respond to turbulence is limited in comparison to our understanding of average velocity values. Despite the potential benefits to habitat modelling of incorporating turbulence-based metrics, application of these findings will be challenging because turbulence modelling is difficult and current models may not be appropriate for application to rivers. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Idaho, Inst Aquaculture Res, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Smith, DL (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Fisheries Engn & Ecohydraul Team, CEERD EP W,3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM David.L.Smith@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 70 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1535-1459 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 23 IS 2 BP 125 EP 139 DI 10.1002/rra.969 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 141ZO UT WOS:000244618100001 ER PT J AU Beekley, AC Starnes, BW Sebesta, JA AF Beekley, Alec C. Starnes, Benjamin W. Sebesta, James A. TI Lessons learned from modern military surgery SO SURGICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID COMBAT CASUALTY CARE; RED-BLOOD-CELLS; RECOMBINANT FACTOR VIIA; FLUID RESUSCITATION; VASCULAR INJURIES; HEMOSTATIC AGENT; WHOLE-BLOOD; NEEDLE THORACENTESIS; TENSION PNEUMOTHORAX; LINGUAL HEMOSTASIS AB The era of global terrorism and asymmetric warfare heralded by the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States have blurred the traditional lines between civilian and military trauma. The lessons learned by physicians in the theaters of war, particularly regarding the response to mass casualties, blast and fragmentation injuries, and resuscitation of casualties in austere environments, likely resonate strongly with civilian trauma surgeons in the current era. The evolution of a streamlined trauma system in the theaters of operations, the introduction of an in-theater institution review board process, and dedicated personnel to collect combat casualty data have resulted in improved data capture and real-time, on-the-scene research. C1 USA, Med Corps, Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ft Lewis, WA 98431 USA. RP Beekley, AC (reprint author), USA, Med Corps, Madigan Army Med Ctr, 6040 Fitzsimmons Ave, Ft Lewis, WA 98431 USA. EM alec.beekley@amedd.army.mil NR 90 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0039-6109 J9 SURG CLIN N AM JI Surg. Clin.-North Am. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 87 IS 1 BP 157 EP + DI 10.1016/j.suc.2006.09.008 PG 29 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 123NI UT WOS:000243302200010 PM 17127127 ER PT J AU Li, QG Xie, LH Johnson, TO Si, YZ Haeberle, AS Weina, PJ AF Li, Qigui Xie, Lisa H. Johnson, Todd O. Si, Yuanzheng Haeberle, Adam S. Weina, Peter J. TI Toxicity evaluation of artesunate and artelinate in Plasmodium berghei-infected and uninfected rats SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE malaria; Plasmodium berghei; artesunate; artelinate; acute toxicity; nephrotoxicity; neurotoxicity; vascular irritation ID ACUTE-RENAL-FAILURE; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUG; IN-VITRO; GENTAMICIN-NEPHROTOXICITY; ARTEMISININ QINGHAOSU; OXIDANT MECHANISMS; FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; SODIUM ARTESUNATE; ARTEETHER; ARTEMETHER AB A recent therapeutic index study in rats demonstrated that i.v. artesunate (AS) is safer than artelinate (AL). The present study of acute toxicity illustrated an LD50 of 177 mg/kg and 488 mg/kg for AL and AS, respectively, following daily i.v. injection for 3 days in Plasmodium berghei-infected rats. In uninfected rats, the LD50 values were 116 mg/kg and 351 mg/kg after a single dose of AL and AS, respectively. This study showed vascular necrosis in 50% of the animals at 13.5 mg/kg AL and at 42.8 mg/kg AS. Animals also showed moderate signs of renal failure at 40 mg/kg AL and 240 mg/kg AS (100 times higher than the therapeutic dose). Histopathological evaluation demonstrated mild to moderate tubular necrosis in uninfected rats treated with 40 mg/kg AL and 240 mg/kg AS; interestingly, fewer pathological lesions were observed in malaria-infected rats. Renal injury was reversible in all cases by Day 8 after cessation of dosing. No neurotoxicity was seen in any case with all i.v. regimens. In conclusion, AL and AS exhibit less toxic effects in P berghei-infected rats than in uninfected rats. Both agents caused irreversible vascular irritation, reversible nephrotoxicity and no neurotoxicity at high doses. The data indicate that AS is three times safer than AL in rats. Crown Copyright (C) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Naval Med Res Ctr, Res Serv Directorate, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Li, QG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, 503 Rpbert Grant Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM qigui.li@na.amedd.army.mil RI Weina, Peter/A-2120-2011 NR 45 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0035-9203 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 101 IS 2 BP 104 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.trstmh.2006.04.010 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 129DI UT WOS:000243708200002 PM 16860356 ER PT J AU Rentas, F Harman, R Gomez, C Salata, J Childs, J Silva, T Lippert, L Montgomery, J Richards, A Chan, C Jiang, J Reddy, H Li, J Goodrich, R AF Rentas, Francisco Harman, Ronald Gomez, Charlotte Salata, Jeanne Childs, Joseph Silva, Tonya Lippert, Lloyd Montgomery, Joshua Richards, Allen Chan, Chye Jiang, Ju Reddy, Heather Li, John Goodrich, Raymond TI Inactivation of Orientia tsutsugamushi in red blood cells, plasma, and platelets with riboflavin and light, as demonstrated in an animal model SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID PATHOGEN-REDUCTION TECHNOLOGY; ULTRAVIOLET-A-LIGHT; SCRUB TYPHUS; PHOTOCHEMICAL INACTIVATION; BACTERIAL-CONTAMINATION; TRANSFUSION; AMOTOSALEN; COMPONENTS; INFECTION; SYSTEM AB Background: Treatment of blood products with riboflavin and light has been used to reduce the number of certain pathogens. Orientia (formerly Rickettsia) tsutsugamushi, the scrub typhus agent, is an obligate intracellular bacterium that grows free in the cytoplasm of infected cells. This study evaluated the capability of riboflavin and light to inactivate O. tsutsugamushi in red blood cells (RBCs), platelets (PLTs), and plasma, as measured by mouse infectivity. Study Design amd Methods: A total of 108 mice, equally divided into groups receiving RBCs, plasma, and PLTs, received untreated products infected with 10(0) to 10(5) organisms. Eighteen mice received products infected with 10(5) organisms and were subsequently treated with riboflavin and light. Mice were monitored daily for up to 17 days for signs and symptoms of infection (e.g., lethargy, labored breathing, rough coat) and killed upon appearance of symptoms or on Day 17 after infection. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on blood and Giemsa stains from peritoneal exudates were performed. Results: A total of 102 of 108 mice receiving the untreated products developed signs and symptoms of infection and had positive PCR and Giemsa stain results. None of the 18 animals receiving riboflavin and light-treated blood products exhibited signs or symptoms of infection, nor was infection observed by PCR testing or Giemsa staining. Conclusions: Riboflavin and light are effective in reducing O. tsutsugamushi. Mice injected with blood products inoculated with 10(5) organisms and treated with riboflavin and light did not experience any signs or symptoms of infection, 17 days after inoculation. A 5-log reduction of this organism in blood was achieved as assayed in an animal model. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Blood Serv Sect, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. Navigant Biotechnol Inc, Lakewood, CO USA. RP Rentas, F (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Blood Serv Sect, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM frank.rentas@us.army.mil NR 42 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD FEB PY 2007 VL 47 IS 2 BP 240 EP 247 DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2007.01094.x PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 128DQ UT WOS:000243638400012 PM 17302769 ER PT J AU Labruna, MB McBride, JW Camargo, LMA Aguiar, DM Yabsley, MJ Davidson, WR Stromdahl, EY Williamson, PC Stich, RW Long, SW Camargo, EP Walker, DH AF Labruna, Marcelo B. McBride, Jere W. Camargo, Luis Marcelo A. Aguiar, Daniel M. Yabsley, Michael J. Davidson, William R. Stromdahl, Ellen Y. Williamson, Phillip C. Stich, Roger W. Long, S. Wesley Camargo, Erney P. Walker, David H. TI A preliminary investigation of Ehrlichia species in ticks, humans, dogs, and capybaras from Brazil SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ehrlichia; Dsb gene; real-time PCR; ticks; Brazil ID IXODES-OVATUS TICKS; CHAFFEENSIS RICKETTSIALES; AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM; SPOTTED-FEVER; PREVALENCE; IDENTIFICATION; ANAPLASMA; GEORGIA; AGENT; JAPAN AB A molecular epidemiologic investigation in two Brazilian states (Rondonia and Sao Paulo) was undertaken to determine if Ehrlichia species responsible for human and animal ehrlichioses in North America could be found in Brazilian vectors, potential natural mammalian reservoirs and febrile human patients with a tick bite history. Samples, including 376 ticks comprising 9 Amblyomma species, 29 capybara (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) spleens, 5 canine blood, and 75 human blood samples from febrile patients with history of tick bites were tested by a real-time PCR assay targeting a fragment of the Ehrlichia dsb gene. Ehrlichia DNA was not detected in any tick, capybara or human samples. In contrast, 4 out of 5 dogs contained Ehrlichia canis DNA in their blood, which were sequenced, representing the first report of E canis infecting dogs in the Amazon region of Brazil. Further studies are needed to evaluate the presence of other agents of human and animal ehrlichioses in Brazil. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Med Vet Prevent & Saude Anim, Fac Med Vet & Zootecn, BR-05508270 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Parasitol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Georgia, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, APG, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ N Texas, Ctr Hlth Sci, DNA Ident Lab, Dept Pathol & Anat, Miki, Kagawa 76107, Japan. Ohio State Univ, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Labruna, MB (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Med Vet Prevent & Saude Anim, Fac Med Vet & Zootecn, Av Prof Orlando Marques Paiva,87 Cidade Univ, BR-05508270 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM labruna@usp.br RI Camargo, Erney/A-6765-2009; Labruna, Marcelo/B-6241-2013; Aguiar, Daniel/F-1268-2013; Long, S. Wesley/A-9651-2008; OI Labruna, Marcelo/0000-0002-9675-3132; Aguiar, Daniel/0000-0001-8631-522X; Long, S. Wesley/0000-0003-3043-5307; Stich, Roger/0000-0002-9749-2034; Camargo, Erney/0000-0003-0011-5871 FU FIC NIH HHS [D43TW00903]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI044235-2] NR 26 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD JAN 31 PY 2007 VL 143 IS 2 BP 189 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.08.005 PG 7 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 130TZ UT WOS:000243823200014 PM 16962245 ER PT J AU Wagner, GW Sorrick, DC Procell, LR Brickhouse, MD Mcvey, IF Schwartz, LI AF Wagner, George W. Sorrick, David C. Procell, Lawrence R. Brickhouse, Mark D. Mcvey, Iain F. Schwartz, Lewis I. TI Decontamination of VX, GD, and HD on a surface using modified vaporized hydrogen peroxide SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID DETOXIFICATION; CONCRETE; AGENTS AB Vaporized hydrogen peroxide (VHP) has proven efficacy for biological decontamination and is a common gaseous sterilant widely used by industry. Regarding chemical warfare agent decontamination, VHP is also effective against HD and VX, but not GD. Simple addition of ammonia gas to VHP affords reactivity toward GD, while maintaining efficacy for HD (and bioagents) and further enhancing efficacy for VX. Thus, modified VHP is a broad-spectrum CB decontaminant suitable for fumigant-type decontamination scenarios, i.e., building, aircraft, and vehicle interiors and sensitive equipment. Finally, as an interesting aside to the current study, commercial ammonia-containing cleaners are also shown to be effective surface decontaminants for GD, but not for VX or HD. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Strateg Technol Enterprises Inc, Mentor, OH 44060 USA. RP Wagner, GW (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM george.wagner@rdecom.apgea.army.mil NR 14 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JAN 30 PY 2007 VL 23 IS 3 BP 1178 EP 1186 DI 10.1021/la062708i PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 128UK UT WOS:000243684100036 PM 17241030 ER PT J AU Ugolini, C Nepal, N Lin, JY Jiang, HX Zavada, JM AF Ugolini, C. Nepal, N. Lin, J. Y. Jiang, H. X. Zavada, J. M. TI Excitation dynamics of the 1.54 mu m emission in Er doped GaN synthesized by metal organic chemical vapor deposition SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ERBIUM; SEMICONDUCTORS; LUMINESCENCE; ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; DIODES AB The authors report on the excitation dynamics of the photoluminescence (PL) emission of Er doped GaN thin films synthesized by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Using the frequency tripled output from a Ti:sapphire laser, the authors obtained PL spectra covering the ultraviolet (UV) to the infrared regions. In the UV, a dominant band edge emission at 3.23 eV was observed at room temperature; this is redshifted by 0.19 eV from the band edge emission of undoped GaN. An activation energy of 191 meV was obtained from the thermal quenching of the integrated intensity of the 1.54 mu m emission line. This value coincides with the redshift of the band edge emission and is assigned to the Er-Ga-V-N complex level. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Ugolini, C (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Cardwell Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM jiang@phys.ksu.edu RI Lin, Jingyu/A-7276-2011; Jiang, Hongxing/F-3635-2011 OI Lin, Jingyu/0000-0003-1705-2635; Jiang, Hongxing/0000-0001-9892-4292 NR 14 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 29 PY 2007 VL 90 IS 5 AR 051110 DI 10.1063/1.2450641 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 132XX UT WOS:000243977300010 ER PT J AU Shivachandra, SB Li, Q Peachman, KK Matyas, GR Leppla, SH Alving, CR Rao, M Rao, VB AF Shivachandra, Sathish B. Li, Qin Peachman, Kristina K. Matyas, Gary R. Leppla, Stephen H. Alving, Carl R. Rao, Mangala Rao, Venigalla B. TI Multicomponent anthrax toxin display and delivery using bacteriophage T4 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE bacteriophage T4; virus assembly; phage display; anthrax toxin; Hoc; multi-component vaccine ID FULL-LENGTH PROTEINS; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; LETHAL FACTOR; MOLECULAR-CLONING; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CAPSID SURFACE; EDEMA FACTOR; EXPRESSION; PHAGE AB We describe a multicomponent antigen display and delivery system using bacteriophage T4. Two dispensable outer capsid proteins, Hoc (highly antigenic outer capsid protein, 155 copies) and Soc (small outer capsid protein, 810 copies), decorate phage T4 capsid. These proteins bind to the symmetrically localized capsid sites, which appear following prohead assembly and expansion. We hypothesized that multiple antigens fused to Hoc can be displayed on the same capsid and such particles can elicit broad immunological responses. Anthrax toxin proteins, protective antigen (PA), lethal factor (LF), and edema factor (EF), and their functional domains, were fused to Hoc with an N-terminal hexa-histidine tag and the recombinant proteins were over-expressed in E. coli and purified. Using a defined in vitro assembly system, the anthrax-Hoc fusion proteins were efficiently displayed on T4 capsid, either individually or in combinations. All of the 155 Hoc binding sites can be occupied by one antigen, or they can be split among two or more antigens by varying their molar ratio in the binding reaction. Immunization of mice with T4 phage carrying PA, LF, and EF elicited strong antigen-specific antibodies against all antigens as well as lethal toxin neutralization titers. The triple antigen T4 phage elicited stronger PA-specific immune responses than the phage displaying PA alone. These features offer novel avenues to develop customized multicomponent vaccines against anthrax and other pathogenic diseases. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20064 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, USMHRP, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NIAID, Lab Bacterial Dis, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Rao, VB (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Biol, 103 McCort Ward Hall,620 Michigan Ave,NE, Washington, DC 20064 USA. EM rao@cua.edu OI Matyas, Gary/0000-0002-2074-2373 FU Intramural NIH HHS; NIAID NIH HHS [AI056443, R01 AI102725, U01 AI056443] NR 37 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 26 PY 2007 VL 25 IS 7 BP 1225 EP 1235 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.10.010 PG 11 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 133MI UT WOS:000244016600011 PM 17069938 ER PT J AU Chretien, JP Chu, LK Smith, TC Smith, B Ryan, MAK AF Chretien, Jean-Paul Chu, Laura K. Smith, Tyler C. Smith, Besa Ryan, Margaret A. K. CA Millennium Cohort Study Team TI Demographic and occupational predictors of early response to a mailed invitation to enroll in a longitudinal health study SO BMC MEDICAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MILLENNIUM COHORT; NONRESPONSE BIAS; RESPONDENTS; POPULATION; REFUSERS; PARTICIPATE; IMPACT; RATES AB Background: Often in survey research, subsets of the population invited to complete the survey do not respond in a timely manner and valuable resources are expended in recontact efforts. Various methods of improving response have been offered, such as reducing questionnaire length, offering incentives, and utilizing reminders; however, these methods can be costly. Utilizing characteristics of early responders (refusal or consent) in enrollment and recontact efforts may be a unique and cost-effective approach for improving the quality of epidemiologic research. Methods: To better understand early responders of any kind, we compared the characteristics of individuals who explicitly refused, consented, or did not respond within 2 months from the start of enrollment into a large cohort study of US military personnel. A multivariate polychotomous logistic regression model was used to estimate the effect of each covariate on the odds of early refusal and on the odds of early consent versus late/non-response, while simultaneously adjusting for all other variables in the model. Results: From regression analyses, we found many similarities between early refusers and early consenters. Factors associated with both early refusal and early consent included older age, higher education, White race/ethnicity, Reserve/Guard affiliation, and certain information technology and support occupations. Conclusion: These data suggest that early refusers may differ from late/non-responders, and that certain characteristics are associated with both early refusal and early consent to participate. Structured recruitment efforts that utilize these differences may achieve early response, thereby reducing mail costs and the use of valuable resources in subsequent contact efforts. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Re, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Smith, TC (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM Jean-Paul.Chretien@na.amedd.army.mil; laurakaychu@yahoo.com; smith@nhrc.navy.mil; besa@nhrc.navy.mil; ryan@nhrc.navy.mil NR 33 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1471-2288 J9 BMC MED RES METHODOL JI BMC Med. Res. Methodol. PD JAN 25 PY 2007 VL 7 AR 6 DI 10.1186/1471-2288-7-6 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 174AN UT WOS:000246913700001 PM 17397558 ER PT J AU Xie, J Ozgur, U Fu, Y Ni, X Morkoc, H Inoki, CK Kuan, TS Foreman, JV Everitt, HO AF Xie, J. Ozgur, U. Fu, Y. Ni, X. Morkoc, H. Inoki, C. K. Kuan, T. S. Foreman, J. V. Everitt, H. O. TI Low dislocation densities and long carrier lifetimes in GaN thin films grown on a SiNix nanonetwork SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EPITAXIAL LATERAL OVERGROWTH; VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; REDUCTION; LAYERS AB Significant improvement of structural and optical qualities of GaN thin films on sapphire substrates was achieved by metal organic chemical vapor deposition with in situ SiNx nanonetwork. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) studies revealed that screw- and edge-type dislocations were reduced to 4.4x10(7) and 1.7x10(7) cm(-2), respectively, for a similar to 5.5-mu m-thick layer. Furthermore, room temperature carrier lifetimes of 2.22 and 2.49 ns were measured by time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) for samples containing single and double SiNx network layers, respectively, representing a significant improvement over the previous studies. The consistent trends among the TEM, x-ray diffraction, and TRPL measurements suggest that in situ SiNx network reduces line defects effectively as well as the point-defect-related nonradiative centers. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. SUNY Albany, Dept Phys, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Xie, J (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Med Coll Virginia Campus, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM xiej@vcu.edu; hmorkoc@vcu.edu RI Ni, Xianfeng/A-9429-2008; Ni, Xianfeng/A-1635-2011; Everitt, Henry/L-7118-2013 OI Everitt, Henry/0000-0002-8141-3768 NR 14 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 22 PY 2007 VL 90 IS 4 AR 041107 DI 10.1063/1.2433754 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 130HC UT WOS:000243789600007 ER PT J AU Crenshaw, ME AF Crenshaw, Michael E. TI Electromagnetic momentum and radiation pressure derived from the Fresnel relations SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-MOMENTUM; MATTER; FORCES; TENSOR; MEDIA; FIELD AB Using the Fresnel relations as axioms, we derive a generalized electromagnetic momentum for a piecewise homogeneous medium and a different generalized momentum for a medium with a spatially varying refractive index in the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) limit. Both generalized momenta depend linearly on the field, but the refractive index appears to different powers due to the difference in translational symmetry. For the case of the slowly varying index, it is demonstrated that there is negligible transfer of momentum from the electromagnetic field to the material. Such a transfer occurs at the interface between the vacuum and a homogeneous material allowing us to derive the radiation pressure from the Fresnel reflection formula. The Lorentz volume force is shown to be nil. C1 USA, RDECOM, AMSRD AMR WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Crenshaw, ME (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, AMSRD AMR WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM michael.crenshaw@us.army.mil NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JAN 22 PY 2007 VL 15 IS 2 BP 714 EP 725 DI 10.1364/OE.15.000714 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA 142WE UT WOS:000244680600054 PM 19532294 ER PT J AU Mcdonald, KC AF Mcdonald, Kelly Colleen TI Child abuse: Approach and management SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article ID SEXUAL-ABUSE; MALTREATMENT; INJURIES; VIOLENCE AB Child abuse is a common diagnosis in the United States and should be considered any time neglect or emotional, physical, or sexual abuse is a possibility. Although home visitation programs have been effective in preventing child maltreatment, much of the approach to and management of child abuse is directed by expert opinion or legal mandate. Any suspicion of abuse must be reported to Child Protective Services. A multidisciplinary approach is recommended to adequately evaluate and treat child abuse victims; however, the responsibility often lies with the family physician to recognize and treat these cases at first presentation to prevent significant morbidity and mortality. C1 Womack Army Med Ctr, Family Med Residency Program, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Mcdonald, KC (reprint author), Presidio Monterey, USA Hlth Clin, Monterey, CA 93944 USA. EM kelly.c.mcdonald@us.army.mil NR 44 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD JAN 15 PY 2007 VL 75 IS 2 BP 221 EP 228 PG 8 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 126WU UT WOS:000243547000008 PM 17263217 ER PT J AU Herrero, AM Gerger, AM Gila, BP Pearton, SJ Wang, HT Jang, S Anderson, T Chen, JJ Kang, BS Ren, F Shen, H LaRoche, JR Smith, KV AF Herrero, Andrew M. Gerger, A. M. Gila, B. P. Pearton, S. J. Wang, Hung-Ta Jang, S. Anderson, T. Chen, J. J. Kang, B. S. Ren, F. Shen, H. LaRoche, Jeffrey R. Smith, Kurt V. TI Interfacial differences in enhanced schottky barrier height Au/n-GaAs diodes deposited at 77 K SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE GaAs; barrier height ID LOW-TEMPERATURE; CURRENT TRANSPORT; ROOM; CONTACTS AB The use of cryogenic temperatures (similar to 77 K) during An Schottky contact deposition onto n-GaAs produces an increase in barrier height from 0.73 eV for room temperature diodes to 0.82 eV. Not all Schottky metals show this enhancement - for example Pt and Ti do not show any significant change in barrier height whereas An, Pd and Ni show increases between 7 and 18%. We used X-ray reflectivity to show that the main difference between Au deposited at 77 K and room temperature is a decreased metal roughness while the interfacial roughness between the An and GaAs is basically the same. As the diodes are annealed to 300 T both the difference in barrier height and interfacial roughness is lost. This is a simple method with potential for improving the performance of GaAs metal-semiconductor-field-effect-transistors (MESFETs). (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Labs, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Raytheon RF Components, Andover, MA 01810 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JAN 15 PY 2007 VL 253 IS 6 BP 3298 EP 3302 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.07.032 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 130WP UT WOS:000243830000046 ER PT J AU Rowinsky, EK Beeram, M Hammond, LA Schwartz, G De Bono, J Forouzesh, B Chu, Q Latz, JE Hong, SY John, W Nguyen, B AF Rowinsky, Eric K. Beeram, Muralidhar Hammond, Lisa A. Schwartz, Garry De Bono, Johann Forouzesh, Baharam Chu, Quincy Latz, Jane E. Hong, Shengyan John, William Nguyen, Binh TI A phase I and pharmacokinetic study of pemetrexed plus irinotecan in patients with advanced solid malignancies SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID METASTATIC COLORECTAL-CANCER; EVERY 3 WEEKS; PLEURAL MESOTHELIOMA; DOSE-ESCALATION; COMBINATION; 5-FLUOROURACIL; LY231514; TRIAL; FLUOROURACIL; ANTIFOLATE AB Purpose: The main objectives of this phase I and pharmacokinetic, open-label study were to characterize the principal toxicities and determine the maximum tolerated dose of the multitargeted antifolate pemetrexed administered in combination with irinotecan. The study also sought to detect major pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions between these agents and preliminary evidence of antitumor activity in patients with advanced solid malignancies. Experimental Design: Pemetrexed was administered as a 10-min i.v. infusion followed by irinotecan given i.v. over 90 min every 3 weeks to patients with advanced solid malignancies. The study objectives were first pursued in heavily pretreated patients and then in lightly pretreated patients who also received vitamin supplementation. Results: Twenty-three heavily pretreated patients enrolled in the first stage of the study, and the maximum tolerated dose level of pemetrexed/irinotecan without vitamin supplementation was 400/250 mg/m(2); further dose escalation was precluded by severe neutropenia that was protracted and/or associated with fever. In the second stage of the study, 28 lightly pretreated patients were administered pemetrexed/irinotecan with vitamin supplementation; these patients tolerated pemetrexed/irinotecan at a dose level of 500/350 mg/m(2), which reflected clinically relevant single-agent doses of both agents. No major pharmacokinetic interactions between the agents were evident. Four patients, two patients each with colorectal cancer refractory to fluoropyrimidines and advanced mesothelioma, had partial responses. Conclusions: The pemetrexed/irinotecan regimen is well tolerated in patients with advanced solid malignancies at clinically relevant single-agent doses. The recommended dose level of pemetrexed/irinotecan for subsequent disease-directed evaluations involving lightly pretreated patients is 500/350 mg/m(2) every 3 weeks with vitamin supplementation. C1 Inst Drug Dev Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Eli Lilly & Co, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA. RP Rowinsky, EK (reprint author), Imclone Syst Inc, 33 Imclone Dr, Branchburg, NJ 08876 USA. EM erowinsky@oncodrugs.com FU Medical Research Council [G0501019] NR 39 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD JAN 15 PY 2007 VL 13 IS 2 BP 532 EP 539 DI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1606 PN 1 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 132RO UT WOS:000243960100022 PM 17255275 ER PT J AU Ayyagari, VN Januszkiewicz, A Nath, J AF Ayyagari, Vijayalakshmi N. Januszkiewicz, Adolph Nath, Jayasree TI Effects of nitrogen dioxide on the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, neutrophil adhesion, and cytotoxicity: Studies in human bronchial epithelial cells SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NITRIC-OXIDE; IN-VITRO; INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; ASTHMATIC SUBJECTS; INHALED ALLERGEN; INTERFERON-GAMMA; AMBIENT LEVEL; LUNG INJURY; MECHANISMS AB Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) is a product of high-temperature combustion and an environmental oxidant of concern. We have recently reported that early changes in NO2-exposed human bronchial epithelial cells are causally linked to increased generation of proinflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide/nitrite and cytokines like interleukin (IL)-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and IL-8. The objective of the present in vitro study was to further delineate the cellular mechanisms of NO2-mediated toxicity, and to define the nature of cell death that ensues upon exposure of normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells to a brief high dose of NO2. Our results demonstrate that the NHBE cells undergo apoptotic cell death during the early post-NO2 period, but this is independent of any significant increase in caspase-3 activity. However, necrotic cell death was more prevalent at later time intervals. Interestingly, an increased expression of HO-1, a redox-sensitive stress protein, was observed in NO2-exposed NHBE cells at 24 h. Since neutrophils (PMNs) play an active role in acute lung inflammation and resultant oxidative injury, we also investigated changes in human PMN-NHBE cell interactions. As compared to normal cells, increased adhesion of PMNs to NO2-exposed cells was observed, which resulted in an increased NHBE cell death. The latter was also increased in the presence of IL-8 and TNF-alpha + interferon (IFN)-gamma, which correlated with upregulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Our results confirmed an involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in NO2-induced cytotoxicity. By using NO synthase inhibitors such as L-NAME and 3-aminoguanidine (AG), a significant decrease in cell death, PMN adhesion, and ICAM-1 expression was observed. These findings indicate a role for the L-arginine/NO synthase pathway in the observed NO2-mediated toxicity in NHBE cells. Therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling excess generation of NO and/or inflammatory cytokines may be useful in alleviating NO2-mediated adverse effects on the bronchial epithelium. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Divmil Casualty Res, Dept Resp Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Nath, J (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Divmil Casualty Res, Dept Resp Med, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM jayasree.nath@us.army.mil NR 61 TC 17 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 EI 1091-7691 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JAN 15 PY 2007 VL 19 IS 2 BP 181 EP 194 DI 10.1080/08958370601052121 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 117DG UT WOS:000242852300008 PM 17169865 ER PT J AU Molinari, JF Gazonas, G Raghupathy, R Rusinek, A Zhou, F AF Molinari, J. F. Gazonas, G. Raghupathy, R. Rusinek, A. Zhou, F. TI The cohesive element approach to dynamic fragmentation: The question of energy convergence SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE dynamic crack propagation; crack branching; fragmentation; cohesive element; numerical convergence ID BRITTLE MATERIALS; CRACK-GROWTH; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; SIZE-DISTRIBUTION; CERAMIC TARGETS; STRAIN-RATE; PROPAGATION; MODEL; FRACTURE; IMPACT AB The cohesive element approach is getting increasingly popular for simulations in which a large amount of cracking occurs. Naturally, a robust representation of fragmentation mechanics is contingent to an accurate description of dissipative mechanisms in form of cracking and branching. A number of cohesive law models have been proposed over the years and these can be divided into two categories: cohesive laws that are initially rigid and cohesive laws that have an initial elastic slope. This paper focuses on the initially rigid cohesive law, which is shown to successfully capture crack branching mechanisms in simulations. The paper addresses the issue of energy convergence of the finite-element solution for high-loading rate fragmentation problems, within the context of small strain linear elasticity. These results are obtained in an idealized one-dimensional setting, and they provide new insight for determining proper cohesive zone spacing as function of loading rate. The findings provide a useful roadmap for choosing mesh sizes and mesh size distributions in two and three-dimensional fragmentation problems. Remarkably, introducing a slight degree of mesh randomness is shown to improve by up to two orders of magnitude the convergence of the fragmentation problem. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Metz, LPMM, F-57000 Metz, France. RP Molinari, JF (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 104 Latrobe Hall,3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM molinari@jhu.edu OI Gazonas, George/0000-0002-2715-016X NR 51 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD JAN 15 PY 2007 VL 69 IS 3 BP 484 EP 503 DI 10.1002/nme.1777 PG 20 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 126KQ UT WOS:000243512200003 ER PT J AU Mahanonda, R Sa-Ard-Iam, N Montreekachon, P Pimkhaokham, A Yongvanichit, K Fukuda, MM Pichyangkul, S AF Mahanonda, Rangsini Sa-Ard-Iam, Noppadol Montreekachon, Pattanin Pimkhaokham, Atiphan Yongvanichit, Kosol Fukuda, Mark M. Pichyangkul, Sathit TI IL-8 and IDO expression by human gingival fibroblasts via TLRs SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; INTERLEUKIN-8 GENE-EXPRESSION; ORAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; PORPHYROMONAS-GINGIVALIS; ACTINOBACILLUS-ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS; BACTERIAL INVASION; INTERFERON-GAMMA; INDOLEAMINE 2,3-DIOXYGENASE AB Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), a predominant cell type in tooth-supporting structure, are presently recognized for their active role in the innate immune response. They produce a variety of inflammatory cytokines in response to microbial components such as LPS from the key periodontal pathogen, Porphyromonas gingivalis. In this study, we demonstrated that HGFs expressed mRNA of TLRs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 9, but not TLRs 7, 8, and 10. Stimulation of HGFs with highly purified TLR2 ligand (P. gingivalis LPS), TLR3 ligand (poly(I:C)), TLR4 ligand (Escherichia coli LPS), and TLR5 ligand (Salmonella typhimurium flagellin) led to expression of IL-8 and IDO. A potent TLR 9 ligand, CpG oligodeoxynucleotide 2006 had no effect, although HGFs showed a detectable TLR9 mRNA expression. No significant enhancement on IL-8 or IDO expression was observed when HGFs were stimulated with various combinations of TLR ligands. Surprisingly, the TLR9 ligand CpG oligodeoxynucleotide 2006 was able to specifically inhibit poly(I:C)-induced IL-8 and IDO expression. TNF-alpha enhanced TLR ligand-induced IL-8 production in HGFs, whereas IFN-gamma enhanced TLR ligand-induced IDO expression. HGF production of IDO in response to A gingivalis LPS, IFN-gamma, or the two in combination inhibited T cell proliferation in MLRs. The observed T cell inhibition could be reversed by addition of either 1-methyl-DL-tryptophan or L-tryptophan. Our results suggest an important role of HGFs not only in orchestrating the innate immune response, but also in dampening potentially harmful hyperactive inflammation in periodontal tissue. C1 Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Dent, Dept Periodontol, Bangkok, Thailand. Chulalongkorn Univ, Res Unit Periodontal Dis, Immunol Lab, Fac Dent, Bangkok, Thailand. Chulalongkorn Univ, Dept Oral Maxillofacial Surg, Fac Dent, Bangkok, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, United States Army Med Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Mahanonda, R (reprint author), Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Dent, Dept Periodontol, Henry Dunant Rd, Bangkok, Thailand. EM mrangsin@chula.ac.th NR 55 TC 82 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JAN 15 PY 2007 VL 178 IS 2 BP 1151 EP 1157 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 123UB UT WOS:000243320400058 PM 17202379 ER PT J AU Ciezak, JA Jenkins, TA Liu, ZX Hemley, RJ AF Ciezak, Jennifer A. Jenkins, Timothy A. Liu, Zhenxian Hemley, Russell J. TI High-pressure vibrational spectroscopy of energetic materials: Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID CYCLOTRIMETHYLENE-TRINITRAMINE; X-RAY; RDX; CRYSTAL; SPECTRA; SOLIDS; PHASES AB Vibrational spectroscopy has been used to investigate the room-temperature high-pressure phases of the energetic material hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX). The pressure-induced alterations in the spectral profiles were studied in a compression sequence to 30.2 GPa using Raman spectroscopy and to 26.6 GPa using far-infrared spectroscopy. At pressures near 4.0 GPa, several changes become immediately apparent in the Raman spectrum, such as large frequency shifts, mode splittings, and intensity changes, which are associated with a phase transition from alpha-RDX to gamma-RDX. Our study extends the kinetic stability of gamma-RDX to pressures near 18.0 GPa. Evidence for a new phase was found at pressures between 17.8 and 18.8 GPa and is based on the appearance of new vibrational bands and associated changes in intensity patterns. The new phase has vibrational characteristics that are similar to those of beta-RDX, suggesting the two polymorphs share a related crystal structure. C1 USA, Res Lab, BWCD, PSB WMRD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. RP Ciezak, JA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, BWCD, PSB WMRD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 28 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JAN 11 PY 2007 VL 111 IS 1 BP 59 EP 63 DI 10.1021/jp063150q PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 122LR UT WOS:000243229000010 PM 17201388 ER PT J AU Brennan, JK Rice, BM Lisal, M AF Brennan, John K. Rice, Betsy M. Lisal, Martin TI Simulating polymorphic phase behavior using reaction ensemble Monte Carlo SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-REACTION EQUILIBRIA; SOLID NITROMETHANE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; CARBON MICROPORES; POROUS MATERIALS; CONFINEMENT; TRANSITIONS; COMPRESSION AB In this work, we present an application of the reaction ensemble Monte Carlo ( RxMC) method ( Johnson, J. K.; Panagiotopoulos, A. Z.; Gubbins, K. E. Mol. Phys. 1994, 81, 717; Smith, W. R.; Triska, B. J. Chem. Phys. 1994, 100, 3019) for predicting solid-state structural transitions, namely, conformational polymorphism. The RxMC technique provides a means of overcoming high-energy transition barriers which may be caused, for example, by sterically hindered atoms or molecules. We demonstrate the method on nitromethane (NM), CH3NO2, whose behavior has been studied extensively. There are many morphologies of crystalline NM created by the rotation of the methyl group about the C-N bond. In applying the RxMC method to the phase transition behavior of crystalline NM, we treat the rotation of the methyl group as a conformational isomerization reaction. We then predict the equilibrium concentrations of the rotamers as a function of pressure and temperature. We find that the simpler, less computationally expensive rigid model of nitromethane used in the RxMC simulation can capture the same behavior as the fully flexible model. Investigations of such systems using the RxMC method allow for the identification of the key components of the mechanisms through the decoupling of the molecular degrees of freedom. In the scope of other similar solid-state transitions, the RxMC method can be a powerful tool in the interpretation of experimental measurements as well as in the confirmation of experimental findings. In this work, we also introduce an algorithm within the RxMC framework that ensures the number of accepted reactions is equivalent for each reaction type. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Chem Proc Fundamentals, E Hala Lab Thermodynam, CR-16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic. Univ JE Purkyne, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Usti Nad Labem 40096, Czech Republic. RP Brennan, JK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RI Lisal, Martin/A-8176-2011 OI Lisal, Martin/0000-0001-8005-7143 NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD JAN 11 PY 2007 VL 111 IS 1 BP 365 EP 373 DI 10.1021/jp0646170 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 147HK UT WOS:000244993800054 ER PT J AU Sinha, J Inan, M Fanders, S Taoka, S Gouthro, M Swanson, T Barent, R Barthuli, A Loveless, BM Smith, LA Smith, T Henderson, I Ross, J Meagher, MM AF Sinha, Jayanta Inan, Mehmet Fanders, Sarah Taoka, Shinichi Gouthro, Mark Swanson, Todd Barent, Rick Barthuli, Ardis Loveless, Bonnie M. Smith, Leonard A. Smith, Theresa Henderson, Ian Ross, John Meagher, Michael M. TI Cell bank characterization and fermentation optimization for production of recombinant heavy chain C-terminal fragment of botulinum neurotoxin serotype E (rBoNTE(H-c): Antigen E) by Pichia pastoris SO JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE recombinant C-terminal heavy chain fragment of the botulinum neurotoxin serotype E; Pichia pastoris; cell-bank characterization; fed-batch fermentation; potency studies ID HIGH-LEVEL EXPRESSION; OVINE INTERFERON-TAU; CLOSTRIDIAL NEUROTOXINS; METHYLOTROPHIC YEAST; TETANUS TOXIN; VACCINES; SNAP-25; PROTEIN; EXOCYTOSIS; METHANOL AB A process was developed for production of a candidate vaccine antigen, recombinant C-terminal heavy chain fragment of the botulinum neurotoxin serotype E, rBoNTE(H-c) in Pichia pastoris. P. pastoris strain GS115 was transformed with the rBoNTE(H-c) gene inserted into pHILD4 Escherichia coli-P. pastoris shuttle plasmid. The clone was characterized for genetic stability, copy number, and BoNTE(H-c) sequence. Expression of rBoNTE(H-c) from the Mut(+) HIS4 clone was confirmed in the shake-flask, prior to developing a fed-batch fermentation process at 5 and 19 L scale. The fermentation process consists of a glycerol growth phase in batch and fed-batch mode using a defined medium followed by a glycerol/methanol transition phase for adaptation to growth on methanol and a methanol induction phase resulting in the production of rBoNTE(H-c). Specific growth rate, ratio of growth to induction phase, and time of induction were critical for optimal rBoNTE(H-c) production and minimal proteolytic degradation. A computer-controlled exponential growth model was used for process automation and off-gas analysis was used for process monitoring. The optimized process had an induction time of 9 h on methanol and produced up to 3 mg of rBoNTE(H-c) per gram wet cell mass as determined by HPLC and Western blot analysis. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Biol Proc Dev Facil, Lincoln, NE 68558 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. A CSC Co, DynPort Vaccine Co LLC, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Meagher, MM (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Biol Proc Dev Facil, Lincoln, NE 68558 USA. EM mmeagherl@unl.edu RI Inan, Mehmet/D-9890-2012; OI Inan, Mehmet/0000-0003-1806-7927 FU NIAID NIH HHS [U01 AI056514-01] NR 28 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1656 J9 J BIOTECHNOL JI J. Biotechnol. PD JAN 10 PY 2007 VL 127 IS 3 BP 462 EP 474 DI 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.07.022 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 128ZE UT WOS:000243697400015 PM 17010465 ER PT J AU Zhang, SS AF Zhang, Sheng Shui TI A review on the separators of liquid electrolyte Li-ion batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Review DE separator; microporous membrane; polyolefin; non-woven; thermal shutdown; safety ID MELT-EXTRUSION PROCESS; RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES; MICROPOROUS MEMBRANE FORMATION; INDUCED PHASE-SEPARATION; CARBOXYLIC-ACID GROUP; PE NONWOVEN MATRIX; POLYMER ELECTROLYTES; ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; COMPOSITE MEMBRANE; POROUS SEPARATOR AB This paper reviews the separators used in liquid electrolyte Li-ion batteries. According to the structure and composition of the membranes, the battery separators can be broadly divided as three groups: (1) microporous polymer membranes, (2) non-woven fabric mats and (3) inorganic composite membranes. The microporous polymer membranes are characterised by their thinness and thermal shutdown properties. The nonwoven mats have high porosity and a low cost, while the composite membranes have excellent wettability and exceptional thermal stability. The manufacture, characteristics, performance and modifications of these separators are introduced and discussed. Among numerous battery separators, the thermal shutdown and ceramic separators are of special importance in enhancing the safety of Li-ion batteries. The former consists of either a polyethylene (PE)-polypropylene (PP) multilayer structure or a PE-PP blend which increases safety by allowing meltdown of the PE to close the ionic conduction pathways at a temperature below that at which thermal runway occurs. Whereas the latter comprises nano-size ceramic materials coated on two sides of a flexible and highly porous non-woven matrix which enhances the safety by retaining extremely stable dimensions even at very high temperatures to prevent the direct contact of the electrodes. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM szhang@arl.army.mil RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110 NR 105 TC 475 Z9 504 U1 81 U2 626 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JAN 10 PY 2007 VL 164 IS 1 BP 351 EP 364 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.10.065 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 128RF UT WOS:000243675300046 ER PT J AU Shultz, DA Sloop, JC Coote, TA Beikmohammadi, M Kampf, J Boyle, PD AF Shultz, David A. Sloop, Joseph C. Coote, Tashni-Ann Beikmohammadi, Mithra Kampf, Jeff Boyle, Paul D. TI Substituent effects on exchange coupling: 5-aryl-substituted semiquinones and their complexes with Mn-II and Cu-II SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SPIN ORGANIC-MOLECULES; METAL-COMPLEXES; BIRADICALS; LIGAND; POLYRADICALS; COORDINATION; COPPER(II); RESONANCE; TOPOLOGY; DENSITY AB A series of functionalized radical anion semiquinone (SQ-Ar) ligands and their Mn-II- and Cu(II)hydro-tris(3-cumenyl-5-methylpyrazolyl)borate (Tp(Cum,Me)M(II)) complexes were prepared and characterized. The semiquinone ligands have substituted phenyl rings (Ar = -C6H5NO2, -C6H5OMe, -C6H5-tert-Bu, etc.) attached to the SQ 5-position. Despite the "remoteness" of the phenyl ring substituents, the M-II-SQ exchange parameters, J, were found to vary nearly 3-fold. Attempts to quantify the substituent effects on J are complicated by the fact that not all complexes could be structurally characterized. As such, substituent effects and phenyl-ring torsion angles could conspire to produce the observed variation in J values. Although there is no clear trend in the J values as a function of SQ substituent for the Mn-II complexes, for the Cu-II complexes, electron-withdrawing substituents on the phenyl ring have greater ferromagnetic J values than the Cu-II complexes of SQ ligands with electron-donating substituents. This trend suggests a FM contribution from MLCT excited states in the copper complexes. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Chem, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Shultz, DA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, POB 8204, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM David_Shultz@ncsu.edu; Joseph.Sloop@usma.edu OI Sloop, Joseph/0000-0001-7639-0234 NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 8 PY 2007 VL 46 IS 1 BP 273 EP 277 DI 10.1021/ic061807g PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 121KS UT WOS:000243157100033 PM 17198436 ER PT J AU Cote, PJ Johnson, MA Truszkowska, K Vottis, P AF Cote, P. J. Johnson, M. A. Truszkowska, K. Vottis, P. TI On the role of induced fields in railguns SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMOTIVE-FORCE; FLUX AB We provide a comprehensive analysis of the nature of emfs that are induced during the operation of a railgun. The main sources of these emfs are changes in rail currents and the motion of the armature. Our experience with the current railgun literature and private communications indicates that the topic of induced emfs is a neglected area of analysis. Common misconceptions are discussed and new perspectives are presented. It is shown, for example, that there is a wide diversity of conflicting views on the nature of the emf generated by armature motion. We conclude that there is no true motional emf in railguns, and offer a resolution of the conflicting views in terms of localized flux creation. Finite element modelling is used to illustrate the main concepts and consequences of induced emfs, and to validate the analyses. Experimental data from laboratory railgun tests provide added validation. The results offer insights into many previously unexplained phenomena commonly observed in railguns. C1 USA, Res Engn & Dev Ctr, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. RP Cote, PJ (reprint author), USA, Res Engn & Dev Ctr, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD JAN 7 PY 2007 VL 40 IS 1 BP 274 EP 283 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/40/1/026 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 121IC UT WOS:000243150300044 ER PT J AU Das, S Yilgor, I Yilgor, E Inci, B Tezgel, O Beyer, FL Wilkes, GL AF Das, Sudipto Yilgor, Iskender Yilgor, Emel Inci, Bora Tezgel, Ozgul Beyer, Frederick L. Wilkes, Garth L. TI Structure-property relationships and melt rheology of segmented, non-chain extended polyureas: Effect of soft segment molecular weight SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE polyurea; block/segmented copolymers; thermoplastic elastomers ID MONODISPERSE HARD SEGMENTS; MORPHOLOGY DEVELOPMENT; COPOLY(ETHER UREA)S; CO-POLYMERS; COPOLYMERS; BEHAVIOR; POLYURETHANES; DIISOCYANATE; SYMMETRY; MDI AB Novel, segmented non-chain extended polyureas were synthesized. Soft segments (SS) were based on poly(tetramethylene glycol) (PTMO) (average molecular weight 1000 or 2000 g/mol) and hard segments (HS) were based on a single molecule of a diisocyanate, which was either 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate (pPDI) or 1,4-trans-cyclohexyl diisocyanate (CHDI). An increase in the SS molecular weight was found to lead to an increased formation of SS crystallites below 0 degrees C, which increased the low temperature modulus. Both 1K and 2K PTMO-based polyureas showed a microphase separated morphology, where the HS formed thread-like, crystalline structures that were dispersed in the continuous SS matrix. Upon deformation, the HS were found to breakdown into distinctly smaller threads, which oriented along the direction of the strain; this effect was found to be partially reversible and time dependent. Both the 1K and 2K polyureas based on HDI HS were found to be thermally stable and potentially melt-processible. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Koc Univ, Dept Chem, Istanbul, Turkey. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Wilkes, GL (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM gwilkes@vt.edu RI He, Yong/F-8752-2012 NR 25 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 7 U2 54 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JAN 5 PY 2007 VL 48 IS 1 BP 290 EP 301 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.10.029 PG 12 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 152CD UT WOS:000245337500034 ER PT J AU Djie, HS Wang, Y Ooi, BS Wang, DN Hwang, JCM Fang, XM Wu, Y Fastenau, JM Liu, WK Dang, GT Chang, WH AF Djie, H. S. Wang, Y. Ooi, B. S. Wang, D. -N. Hwang, J. C. M. Fang, X. -M. Wu, Y. Fastenau, J. M. Liu, W. K. Dang, G. T. Chang, W. H. TI Wavelength tuning of InAs/InAIGaAs quantum-dash-in-well laser using postgrowth intermixing SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The first demonstration is reported of a bandgap tuned laser using InAs/InAlGaAs quantum-dash-in-well structures on an InP Substrate, which utilises impurity-free induced intermixing. The intermixed laser exhibits comparable light-current characteristics after the bandgap is postgrowth-tuned by 100 rm. C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. IQE Inc, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Djie, HS (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM bsooi@lehigh.edu RI Ooi, Boon/D-4370-2011 OI Ooi, Boon/0000-0001-9606-5578 NR 6 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU INSTITUTION ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 2007 VL 43 IS 1 BP 33 EP 35 DI 10.1049/el:20072837 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 136JF UT WOS:000244217700022 ER PT J AU Stoute, JA Gombe, J Withers, MR Siangla, J McKinney, D Onyango, M Cummings, JF Milmane, J Tucker, K Soisson, L Stewart, VA Lyon, JA Angov, E Leach, A Cohen, J Kester, KE Ockenhouse, CF Holland, CA Diggs, CL Wittes, J Heppner, DG AF Stoute, Jose A. Gombe, Joash Withers, Mark R. Siangla, Joram McKinney, Denise Onyango, Melanie Cummings, James F. Milmane, Jessica Tucker, Kathryn Soisson, Lorraine Stewart, V. Ann Lyon, Jeffrey A. Angov, Evelina Leach, Amanda Cohen, Joe Kester, Kent E. Ockenhouse, Christian F. Holland, Carolyn A. Diggs, Carter L. Wittes, Janet Heppner, D. Gray, Jr. CA MSP-1 Malaria Vaccine Working Grp TI Phase 1 randomized double-blind safety an immunogenicity trial of Plasmodium falciparum malaria merozoite surface protein FMP1 vaccine, adjuvanted with AS02A, in adults in western Kenya SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Multilateral Initiative on Malaria Pan-African Malaria Conference CY NOV 17-22, 2002 CL ARUSHA, TANZANIA SP Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Agcy Int Dev, JHPIEGO Corp DE malaria; vaccine; merozoite surface protein; FMP1; AS02A; randomized controlled trials ID C-TERMINAL FRAGMENT; SERUM ANTIBODIES; AOTUS MONKEYS; CHALLENGE; ANEMIA; PROTECTION; EFFICACY; PARASITE; BURDEN AB We report the first trial of candidate malaria vaccine antigen FMP1, a 42kDa fragment from the C-terminus of merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1) from the 3D7 strain of Plasmodium falciparum, in an endemic area. Forty adult male and female residents of western Kenya were enrolled to receive 3 doses of either FMP1/AS02A or lmovax (R) rabies vaccine by intra-deltoid injection on a 0, 1, 2 month schedule. Thirty-seven volunteers received all three immunizations and 38 completed the 12-month evaluation period. Slightly more recipients of the FMP1/AS02A vaccine experienced any instance of pain at 24h post-immunization than in the Imovax (R) group. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Resp Med Unit, Nairobi, Kenya. Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Stat Collaborat Inc, Washington, DC USA. PATH, Malaria Vaccine Initiat, Bethesda, MD USA. US Agcy Int Dev, Malaria Vaccine Dev Program, Washington, DC 20523 USA. GlaxoSmithKline Biol SA, Rixensart, Belgium. RP Stoute, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM jstoute@usuhs.mil RI Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011; Holland, Carolyn/B-7880-2011 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802; NR 24 TC 53 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 2 PY 2007 VL 25 IS 1 BP 176 EP 184 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.11.037 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 125VO UT WOS:000243471500023 PM 16388879 ER PT S AU Stojadinovic, A Nissan, A Shriver, CD Lenington, S Gur, D AF Stojadinovic, Alexander Nissan, Aviram Shriver, Craig D. Lenington, Sarah Gur, David BE Scharfetter, H Merwa, R TI Electrical impedance scanning for breast cancer risk stratification in young women SO 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL BIOIMPEDANCE AND THE 8TH CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE TOMOGRAPHY 2007 SE IFMBE Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Electrical Bioimpedance/8th Conference on Electrical Impedance Tomography CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2007 CL Graz, AUSTRIA SP Graz Univ Technol, IFMBE, XIRC, ISEBI DE screening; breast cancer; electrical impedance ID SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHY; POPULATION; DIAGNOSIS; HISTORY; IMPACT; AGE AB Background: Electrical Impedance Scanning (EIS) measures changes in breast tissue associated with breast cancer development. The T-Scan (TM) 2000ED is designed to use EIS to identify women ages 30-39 with elevated risk of breast cancer (i.e. T-Scan+ women). Aim: To estimate the relative risk of breast cancer in a T-Scan+ woman compared to a randomly-selected young woman. Methods: A prospective, cohort arm trial was conducted in pre-menopausal women. T-Scan specificity was evaluated in a cohort of 1,751 healthy women ages 30-39. T-Scan sensitivity was tested in a cohort of 390 women ages 30-45 scheduled for biopsy. Relative risk of breast cancer at time of exam was calculated for T-Scan+ women. Results: T-Scan specificity was 94.7% (95%CI: 93.7%- 95.7%). T-Scan sensitivity was 26.4% (95%CI: 17.4% - 35.4%). There were 23 of 87 biopsy-proven T-Scan+ cancers. The relative risk of a T-Scan+ woman having breast cancer is 4.95 (95%CI: 3.16-7.14). Conclusion: EIS can identify a subset of young women with a relative risk of breast cancer almost 5 times greater than in the population of young women at-large. T-Scan+ women have a sufficiently high risk of breast cancer to warrant further surveillance or imaging. C1 [Stojadinovic, Alexander; Shriver, Craig D.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastrointestinal Canc Program Leader, US Mil Canc Inst, Associates Prof Surg,Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Room 5C27B, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Nissan, Aviram] Hadassah Univ Hosp, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel. [Lenington, Sarah] SGL Biomed Consulting LLC, Ringwood, NJ USA. [Gur, David] Univ Pittsburgh, Magee Womens Hosp, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Stojadinovic, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastrointestinal Canc Program Leader, US Mil Canc Inst, Associates Prof Surg,Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Room 5C27B, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Alexander.Stojadinovic@NA.AMEDD.ARMY.MIL NR 17 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 1680-0737 BN 978-3-540-73840-4 J9 IFMBE PROC PY 2007 VL 17 BP 675 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA BHM14 UT WOS:000254221700171 ER PT S AU Bodo, M Pearce, F Van Albert, S Armonda, R AF Bodo, M. Pearce, F. Van Albert, S. Armonda, R. BE Scharfetter, H Merwa, R TI Rheoencephalogram reflects cerebral blood flow autoregulation in pigs SO 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL BIOIMPEDANCE AND THE 8TH CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE TOMOGRAPHY 2007 SE IFMBE Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Electrical Bioimpedance/8th Conference on Electrical Impedance Tomography CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2007 CL Graz, AUSTRIA SP Graz Univ Technol, IFMBE, XIRC, ISEBI DE cerebral blood flow; autoregulation; carotid flow; rheoencephalogram; pig AB Cerebral blood flow autoregulation (CBF AR) is the phenomenon that makes blood flow constant within a physiological range regardless of blood pressure variations. When systemic arterial pressure (SAP) increases, vasoconstriction is taking place in the brain. The objective of the present study was to compare SAP, rheoencephalogram (REG), and carotid flow (CF) measured by Doppler ultrasound. Twenty-eight anesthetized Yorkshire pigs were measured to evaluate CBF AR during several CBF manipulations: haemorrhage, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and transitory SAP decrease and increase. Data were sampled with 200 Hz and processed off-line. 1) Haemorrhage elicited a decrease in SAP and transitory increases in REG and CF amplitude; 2) PEEP resulted in a decrease in SAP and increases in REG and CF amplitude; 3) PEEP after haemorrhage caused decreases in SAP, REG and CF amplitudes. When CBF AR was present, it was detected by both REG and carotid flow. Following haemorrhage, CBF AR was lost; CIF and REG passively followed SAP. The clinical importance of these findings is that REG can be measured more conveniently and continuously in humans than can Doppler ultrasound. Therefore, measurement of CBF autoregulation by REG has potential for use as a life sign monitoring modality. C1 [Bodo, M.; Pearce, F.; Van Albert, S.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitative Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Armonda, R.] MD & Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Neurocritical Care Natl Capital Neurosurgery, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Bodo, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitative Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 1680-0737 BN 978-3-540-73840-4 J9 IFMBE PROC PY 2007 VL 17 BP 695 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA BHM14 UT WOS:000254221700176 ER PT S AU Ballato, A AF Ballato, Arthur GP IEEE TI Voigt-Reuss-Hill Moduli for Ferroelectric Aggregates SO 2006 15TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON APPLICATIONS OF FERROELECTRICS SE IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics CY JUL 30-AUG 03, 2006 CL Sunset Beach, NC SP IEEE DE ferroelectric; piezoelectric; polycrystal; aggregate; elastic ID ELASTIC PROPERTIES; CONSTANTS; POLYCRYSTALS; CRYSTALS AB Classical means of computing "average" isotropic elastic moduli of polycrystalline aggregates began with Voigt who performed a space averaging of monocrystal elastic stiffnesses to arrive at aggregate values < c >. Reuss performed a complementary averaging of the elastic compliances to produce values < s >. The two sets represent extremes. Hill used an arithmetic average of these results to yield values that often agree well with experiment. Voigt-Reuss-Hill procedures apply to averaging moduli subject solely to mechanical boundary conditions. Piezoelectrics in general, and ferroelectrics in particular, are required to be characterized by both mechanical and electrical boundary conditions. How the proper averaging is to be performed is described. Lithium niobate, a strong piezocoupling ferroelectric, is used as a numerical example to demonstrate that the piezoelectric effect must be taken into account. A self-consistent averaging method is also disclosed. C1 USA, Commun Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, AMSRD CER CS, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Ballato, A (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, AMSRD CER CS, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. EM a.ballato@IEEEE.org NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1099-4734 BN 978-1-4244-1331-7 J9 IEEE INT FERRO PY 2007 BP 211 EP 214 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BIR76 UT WOS:000262360900050 ER PT S AU Mamazza, R Mark, NY Polcawich, RG Piekarski, BH Muralt, P Reynolds, GJ AF Mamazza, Robert, Jr. Mark, Nelson Y. Polcawich, Ronald G. Piekarski, Brett H. Muralt, Paul Reynolds, Glyn J. GP IEEE TI Comparison of Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Properties of Sol-gel Grown and Sputter Deposited Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 Thin Films SO 2006 15TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON APPLICATIONS OF FERROELECTRICS SE IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics CY JUL 30-AUG 03, 2006 CL Sunset Beach, NC SP IEEE DE Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3; PZT; Ferroelectric; Piezoelectric; Dielectric ID ZIRCONATE-TITANATE FILMS; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; THICKNESS AB A new process for the sputter deposition of Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 (PZT) thin films from a composite target has been demonstrated. PZT thin films deposited by this sputter technique are compared to those deposited by a standard sol-gel method to determine the suitability of the sputter deposition process, with its inherent advantages, for device manufacturing, Half micron PZT films were deposited by both methods onto identical substrates (Si[(100) 4 inch Cz wafer]/SiO2/Ti/TiO2/Pt/TiO2) followed by sputter-deposited Pt top electrodes. PZT thickness non-uniformities of 0.759% and 0.545% (1 sigma / (x) over bar) were obtained for the sol-gel and sputtered films, respectively. While the sputtering target and sol-gel solutions were Zr-rich (Zr/Ti=1.08), RBS results revealed the films to be Ti-rich: for sol-gel, Zr/Ti=0.874, and for sputtered, Zr/Ti=0.926. X-ray diffraction indicated preferred orientations nearly exclusive to the [111] direction for the sputtered films. For the sol-gel PZT, the larger [110] and [100] peaks indicated a more randomly textured film. SEM cross-sections showed both types of PZT to be void-free and homogeneous. The remnant polarization (P-r) and coercive field (E-c) values of the sol-gel films were slightly higher than for their sputtered analogue: for sol-gel, P-r=27.9 mu C.cm(-2) and E-c=70.7 kV.cm(-1), and for sputtered, P-r=26.5 mu C.cm(-2) and E-c=63.3 kV.cm(-1). The sputtered films exhibited a higher dielectric constant, epsilon(sputtered)(33)=858 compared to epsilon(sol-gel)(33)=776. Piezoelectric coefficients, d(33), for the sputtered films were found to be 86 pC.N-1, in the range of those measured for typical sol-gel films (between 70 and 100 pC.N-1). The advantages and disadvantages of both techniques will be discussed in greater detail. C1 [Mamazza, Robert, Jr.; Reynolds, Glyn J.] Unaxis, Wafer Proc Div, St Petersburg, FL USA. [Mark, Nelson Y.; Polcawich, Ronald G.; Piekarski, Brett H.] Army Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD USA. [Muralt, Paul] Swiss Fed Inst Technol EPFL, CH-6844 Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Mamazza, R (reprint author), Unaxis, Wafer Proc Div, St Petersburg, FL USA. EM robert.mamazza@unaxis.com NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1099-4734 BN 978-1-4244-1331-7 J9 IEEE INT FERRO PY 2007 BP 317 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BIR76 UT WOS:000262360900077 ER PT B AU Crino, ST McCarthy, DJ Carier, JD AF Crino, Scott T. McCarthy, Daniel J. Carier, Julia D. GP IEEE TI Lean six sigma for supply chain management as applied to the army rapid fielding initiative SO 2007 1ST ANNUAL IEEE SYSTEMS CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Annual IEEE Systems Conference CY APR 09-13, 2007 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Syst Council, IEEE Reg 6 AB The Army's Rapid Fielding Initiative (RFI) is the process by which new equipment is distributed to soldiers either at home station or in a theater of operations. Currently, equipment is shipped from over 50 suppliers around the United States to a single central warehouse on the east coast where it is packaged into sets. The sets are then shipped to the end user stationed at one of over 40 locations around the world. It is a process that costs the Army time, money and a great deal of effort to execute. By applying a combination of Lean Six Sigma and the Systems Decision Process, decision makers can make informed decisions and select the most efficient and economical alternatives that improve the RFI process and provide the greatest value to the stakeholder. C1 [Crino, Scott T.; McCarthy, Daniel J.; Carier, Julia D.] US Mil Acad, Mahan Hall,Bldg 752, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Crino, ST (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Mahan Hall,Bldg 752, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Scott.Crino@usma.edu; Daniel.McCarthy@usma.edu; Julia.Carier@usma.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1040-8 PY 2007 BP 46 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BGR16 UT WOS:000250038800008 ER PT B AU Kewley, LTCR Richmond, P Goerger, N AF Kewley, L. T. C. Robert Richmond, Paul Goerger, Niki GP IEEE TI Co-adaptive behavior algorithms for insurgent and counter-insurgent techniques in combat simulations SO 2007 1ST ANNUAL IEEE SYSTEMS CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Annual IEEE Systems Conference CY APR 09-13, 2007 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Syst Council, IEEE Reg 6 AB This paper proposes an overall strategy and technical approach that allows development of sophisticated behavior algorithms which model insurgent and counter-insurgent techniques in military combat simulations. This capability will allow Department of Defense force providers to estimate, in a combat model, the effects of different approaches to counter-insurgency operations, reconstruction operations, stability operations, and information operations. The overall approach proposes development of robust application programming interfaces that can be employed in several different combat simulations. In a phased strategy, technical development will first focus on task-level behaviors. It will then shift to short-term planning behaviors and long-term planning behaviors. These planning behaviors will make significant use of geospatial reasoning and course of action analysis via simulation. It will also consider civilian behaviors as they relate to supporting either the insurgents or the government security forces. Armed with these simulation capabilities, the military services will be able to make better decisions about the proper mix of forces, equipment, and tactics to provide for use in the different theaters of operation. C1 [Kewley, L. T. C. Robert; Goerger, Niki] US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10997 USA. [Richmond, Paul] US Army Engn, Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Kewley, LTCR (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10997 USA. EM robert.kewley@usma.edu; Paul.W.Richmond@erdc.usace.army.mil; niki.goerger@usma.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1040-8 PY 2007 BP 137 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BGR16 UT WOS:000250038800022 ER PT B AU Watkins, AN Leighty, BD Lipford, WE Wong, OD Oglesby, DM Ingram, JL AF Watkins, A. Neal Leighty, Bradley D. Lipford, William E. Wong, Oliver D. Oglesby, Donald M. Ingram, JoAnne L. GP IEEE TI Development of a Pressure Sensitive Paint system for measuring global surface pressures on rotorcraft blades SO 2007 22ND INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON INSTRUMENTATION IN AEROSPACE SIMULATION FACILITIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Congress on Instrumentation in Aerospace Simulation Facilities CY JUN 10-14, 2007 CL Pacific Grove, CA SP IEEE Aerosp, Elec Syst Soc, AIAA AB This paper will describe the results from a proof of concept test to examine the feasibility of using Pressure Sensitive Paint (PSP) to measure global surface pressures on rotorcraft blades in hover. The test was performed using the U.S. Army 2-meter Rotor Test Stand (2MRTS) and 15% scale swept rotor blades. Data were collected from five blades using both the intensity- and lifetime-based approaches. This paper will also outline several modifications and improvements that are underway to develop a system capable of measuring pressure distributions on up to four blades simultaneously at hover and forward flight conditions. C1 [Watkins, A. Neal; Leighty, Bradley D.; Lipford, William E.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Adv Sensing & Opt Measurement Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Wong, Oliver D.] US Army, RDECOM, AMRDEC, Aeroflight Dynam Directorate, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Oglesby, Donald M.; Ingram, JoAnne L.] Swales Aerosp Inc, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Watkins, AN (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Adv Sensing & Opt Measurement Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1599-1 PY 2007 BP 134 EP + PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BHD70 UT WOS:000252358500016 ER PT B AU Valyrakis, A Sidiropoulos, ND Swami, A AF Valyrakis, A. Sidiropoulos, N. D. Swami, A. GP IEEE TI Multichannel particle filters for tracking a frequency hopped signal SO 2007 2ND IEEE INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON COMPUTATIONAL ADVANCES IN MULTI-SENSOR ADAPTIVE PROCESSING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd IEEE International Workshop on Computational Advances in Multi-Sensor Adaptive Processing CY DEC 12-14, 2007 CL St Thomas, VI SP IEEE DE frequency hopping; particle filtering ID TIMING ESTIMATION; RESOLUTION AB We consider the problem of tracking a frequency-hopped signal without knowledge of its hopping pattern. The problem is of interest in military communications, where, in addition to frequency, hop timing may also be randomly shifted to guard against unauthorized reception and jamming. We have recently proposed [10] a conceptually simple stochastic state-space model that captures the randomness in carrier frequency and hop timing, and is well-suited for application of particle filtering tools. In this contribution, we generalize the approach in [10] to the multichannel case. In particular, we show that the importance function that minimizes the variance of particle weights can again be computed in closed form. The resulting multichannel particle filters are assessed and compared to their single-channel counterparts in pertinent simulation experiments. C1 [Valyrakis, A.; Sidiropoulos, N. D.] Tech Univ Crete, Dept ECE, Khania 73100, Greece. [Swami, A.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Valyrakis, A (reprint author), Tech Univ Crete, Dept ECE, Khania 73100, Greece. EM alevali@telecom.tuc.gr; nikos@telecom.tuc.gr; a.swami@ieee.org FU Army Research Laboratory (ARL) through ARL Collaborative Technology Alliance(ARL-CTA) for Communications and Networks [DADD19-O1-2-OO11]; ARO under ERO [N62558-03-C-0012] FX Corresponding author. Supported in part by the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) through participation in the ARL Collaborative Technology Alliance(ARL-CTA) for Communications and Networks under Cooperative Agreement DADD19-O1-2-OO11, and in part by ARO under ERO Contract N62558-03-C-0012. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1713-1 PY 2007 BP 41 EP + PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematics, Applied SC Engineering; Mathematics GA BHX36 UT WOS:000257193400011 ER PT B AU Like, E Wu, ZQ Chakravarthy, V Su, W AF Like, Eric Wu, Zhiqiang Chakravarthy, Vasu Su, Wei GP IEEE TI Modulation recognition in fading channels using higher order cyclic cumulants SO 2007 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COGNITIVE RADIO ORIENTED WIRELESS NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications CY AUG 01-03, 2007 CL Orlando, FL AB In this paper, we investigate the performance of a cyclic cumulant (CC) based modulation classifier for digital communication signals in flat fading channels. The proposed system assumes no a priori information regarding the signal's carrier frequency, symbol rate, or phase. For this reason, the classifier employs cyclic cumulants (CC) of different orders which are shown to be insensitive to unknown signal statistics. To capitalize on the relative strengths of different orders of CC, a hierarchical design is implemented. To further increase performance in fading channels, several multi-antenna combining schemes are investigated and compared, and are shown to provide significant performance gains over the single antenna case. C1 [Like, Eric] AF Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Wu, Zhiqiang] Wright State Univ, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Chakravarthy, Vasu] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Su, Wei] US Army RDECOM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Like, E (reprint author), AF Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0814-6 PY 2007 BP 258 EP + DI 10.1109/CROWNCOM.2007.4549807 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BIF27 UT WOS:000259083700036 ER PT B AU Fecko, MA Hokelek, I Samtani, S Staikos, A AF Fecko, Mariusz A. Hoekelek, Ibrahim Samtani, Sunil Staikos, Aristides GP IEEE TI Controlled dissemination filter (CDF) for integrated link selection agents SO 2007 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS SOFTWARE & MIDDLEWARE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Communication Systems Software and Middleware CY JAN 07-12, 2007 CL Bangalore, INDIA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, CreateNet, ACM, sigmobile, sasken, Infosys, WIPRO, intel, IBM, NOKIA, Agere Syst, Alcatel Lucent, MOTOROLA, ALMT Legal, Univ AEROSPACE, Indian Inst Sci AB To perform optimizations as the network changes dynamically, distributed network agents rely on information that is dispersed in the network. A data dissemination service for the agents can benefit from data filtering at selected nodes in a data distribution tree. Controlled Dissemination Filter (CDF) offers an efficient filtering functionality such as sifting, collection, aggregation, and scoping. We defined a number of new objective functions for the data-flow channelization algorithms, and created both centralized and distributed algorithms to optimize filter placement in polynomial time. We also designed an application of the CDF to information flows relevant to the Unicast Routing Control Agent (URCA) and showed how the CDF reduces the bandwidth consumed by data dissemination without impairing the URCA decision-making functionalities. C1 [Fecko, Mariusz A.; Hoekelek, Ibrahim; Samtani, Sunil] Telcordia Technol Inc, Appl Res, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Staikos, Aristides] US Army, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Fecko, MA (reprint author), Telcordia Technol Inc, Appl Res, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM mfecko@research.telcordia.com; ihokelek@research.telcordia.com; ssamtani@research.telcordia.com; Aristides.Staikos@us.army-mil FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program [DAAD1 9 01-2-001 1]; U.S. Army CERDEC under the Proactive Integrated Link Selection for Network Robustness (PILSNER) program [Wi15P7T-04-CP022] FX 'Prepared through collaborative participation in the Communications and Networks Consortium sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD1 9 01-2-001 1. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. Co-sponsored by the U.S. Army CERDEC under the Proactive Integrated Link Selection for Network Robustness (PILSNER) program, contract Wi15P7T-04-CP022. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0613-5 PY 2007 BP 194 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BGT57 UT WOS:000250423200026 ER PT S AU Edwards, HK Gersting, JL Tangaro, T AF Edwards, H. Keith Gersting, Judith L. Tangaro, Taupouri GP IEEE TI Teaching Alice in Hawai'i: Cultural perspectives SO 2007 37TH ANNUAL FRONTIERS IN EDUCATION CONFERENCE, GLOBAL ENGINEERING : KNOWLEDGE WITHOUT BORDERS - OPPORTUNITIES WITHOUT PASSPORTS, VOLS 1- 4 SE Frontiers in Education Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 37th Annual Frontiers in Education Conference CY OCT 10-13, 2007 CL Milwaukee, WI DE animation; pedagogy; Alice; Hawai'ian culture AB The Alice programming language and environment has been used successfully to teach entry level students the fundamental concepts behind object oriented programming. While there are numerous studies regarding the pedagogical effectiveness of the narrative approach offered by Alice, the incorporation of cultural perspective into the teaching of Alice presents numerous challenges and opportunities. In this paper, we discuss the challenges of implementing Hawai'ian mythology into the Alice approach, while demonstrating how the inclusion of these myths and legends into an introductory Alice course presents a natural vehicle for the narrative approach offered by this language. Finally, we discuss the instructional efficacy of this approach by exploring student survey data. C1 [Edwards, H. Keith; Gersting, Judith L.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Comp Sci, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Tangaro, Taupouri] Hawaii Commun Coll, Hawaiian Studies Dept, Hilo, HI 96720, USA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Edwards, HK (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Dept Comp Sci, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM hedwards@hawaii.edu; gersting@hawaii.edu; taupo@hawaii.edu FU National Science Foundation for their generous support of this project [DUE-0510157] FX The authors of this paper would like to acknowledge the National Science Foundation for their generous support of this project (DUE-0510157), the Hawai'ian Studies departments at the Hawai'i Community College a nd the University of Hawai'i at Hilo for their consultation, involvement and support of the project, and Dr. Wanda Dann for her help in teaching us about the technical aspects of Alice. We would also like to thank the students who put forth so much ef fort in our initial teaching of the pilot course. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0190-5848 BN 978-1-4244-1083-5 J9 PROC FRONT EDUC CONF PY 2007 BP 345 EP + PG 2 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Education & Educational Research GA BHV02 UT WOS:000256621900081 ER PT B AU Huang, WL Ressler, EK Shoop, BL AF Huang, Wenli Ressler, Eugene K. Shoop, Barry L. GP IEEE TI Error diffusion for color halftoning using three-dimensional neural interconnects SO 2007 3RD INTERNATIONAL IEEE/EMBS CONFERENCE ON NEURAL ENGINEERING, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering CY MAY 02-05, 2007 CL Kohala Coast, HI SP IEEE, EMBS AB We have previously developed a two-dimensional monochromatic halftoning with error diffusion neural networks (EDNs). We showed that EDNs find local minima of frequency-weighted error between a binary halftone output and corresponding smoothly varying input, an ideal framework for solving halftone problems. The advantage of the neural algorithm is that all pixel quantization decisions are computed in parallel and therefore the error diffusion process becomes un-directional and symmetric. Thus eliminates the artifacts caused by the traditional error diffusion method. This paper casts color halftoning as four related Sub-problems: the first three are to compute good binary halftones for each primary color and the fourth is to simultaneously minimize frequency-weighted error in the luminosity of the composite result. We show that an EDN with a three-dimensional interconnect scheme can solve all four problems in parallel with user-adjustable emphasis on the relative importance of weighted error in luminosity. Our results show that the three-dimensional EDN matrix not only shapes the error to frequencies that Human Visual System (HVS) is least sensitive but also shapes the error in colors to which the HVS is least sensitive-namely it satisfies the minimum brightness variation criterion. C1 [Huang, Wenli; Ressler, Eugene K.; Shoop, Barry L.] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Photon Res Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Huang, WL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Photon Res Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM wenli.huang@usma.edu FU Army Research Laboratory for sponsoring the project FX The authors would like to thank the Army Research Laboratory for sponsoring the project. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0791-0 PY 2007 BP 553 EP + DI 10.1109/CNE.2007.369732 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Neurosciences SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Neurosciences & Neurology GA BGM68 UT WOS:000248513500137 ER PT B AU Blum, R Sadler, BM AF Blum, Rick Sadler, Brian M. GP IEEE TI A new approach to energy efficient signal detection SO 2007 41ST ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION SCIENCES AND SYSTEMS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS 2007) CY MAR 14-16, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD SP Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn DE signal detection; sequential detection; censoring; sensor networking; energy efficiency ID SENSOR NETWORKS AB Signal detection is one important application for which dedicated sensor networks have been proposed for both civilian and military applications. Joint signal processing and communication design of such networks has been of great interest recently. Several authors have made a strong case for a mode of operation called censoring in order to reduce the number of sensor transmissions such that energy usage will be reduced to allow longer network operation. There are some aspects of wireless sensor networks that have not yet been exploited by the proposed censoring schemes. For example, sufficiently close nodes can hear each others' transmissions. Such considerations lead to new classes of energy efficient signal detection procedures which we consider here. We demonstrate that these new approaches require fewer average sensor transmissions and that the savings can be significant in cases of interest. We demonstrate our new approach is optimum for minimizing a weighted sum of probability of error and the average number of sensor transmissions for a distributed mode of operation where each sensor node can operate autonomously. C1 [Blum, Rick] Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Blum, R (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM rblum@eecs.lehigh.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil FU Air Force Research Laboratory [F49620-03-1-0214]; Army Research Laboratory FX This material is based on research partially supported by the Air Force Research Laboratory under agreement No. F49620-03-1-0214, and by the Army Research Laboratory. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1036-1 PY 2007 BP 208 EP + DI 10.1109/CISS.2007.4298301 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BHD09 UT WOS:000252254400039 ER PT B AU Anandkumar, A Tong, L Swami, A AF Anandkumar, Animashree Tong, Lang Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI Energy efficient routing for statistical inference of Markov random fields SO 2007 41ST ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION SCIENCES AND SYSTEMS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS 2007) CY MAR 14-16, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD SP Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn DE routing; detection; Markov random fields; graph theory ID DISTRIBUTED ALGORITHM; WIRELESS NETWORKS; SPANNING-TREES; GRAPHS AB The problem of routing of sensor observations for optimal detection of a Markov random field (MRF) at a designated fusion center is analyzed. Assuming that the correlation structure of the MRF is defined by the nearest-neighbor dependency graph, routing schemes which minimize the total energy consumption are analyzed. It is shown that the optimal routing scheme involves data fusion at intermediate nodes and requires transmissions of two types viz., the raw sensor data and the aggregates of log-likelihood ratio (LLR). The raw data is transmitted among the neighbors in the dependency graph and local contributions to the LLR are computed. These local contributions are then aggregated and delivered to the fusion center. A 2-approximation routing algorithm (DFMRF) is proposed and it has a transmission multidigraph consisting of the dependency graph and the directed minimum spanning tree, with the directions toward the fusion center. C1 [Anandkumar, Animashree; Tong, Lang] Cornell Univ, ECE Dept, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Anandkumar, A (reprint author), Cornell Univ, ECE Dept, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM aa332@cornell.edu; ltong@ece.cornell.edu; a.swami@ieee.org FU U.S.Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program [DAAD19-01-2-0011]; National Science Foundation [CNS-0435190] FX This work was supported in part through the collaborative participation in the Communications and Networks Consortium sponsored by the U.S.Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program,Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0011 and by the National Science Foundation under Contract CNS-0435190. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1036-1 PY 2007 BP 643 EP + DI 10.1109/CISS.2007.4298386 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BHD09 UT WOS:000252254400124 ER PT B AU Boncelet, C Marvel, L AF Boncelet, Charles Marvel, Lisa GP IEEE TI Lossless compression-based steganalysis of LSB embedded images SO 2007 41ST ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION SCIENCES AND SYSTEMS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS 2007) CY MAR 14-16, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD SP Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn AB A new method of steganalysis for images with embedded messages is presented. We consider two embedding methods: least significant bit (LSB) replacement and +/- 1 LSB embedding. Our method uses lossless image compression to generate statistics that are fed into a support vector machine classifier. We compare results against the pairs method, one of the best existing LSB steganalysis methods. Both our method and pairs performs well for LSB replacement. However, while pairs cannot detect +/- 1 LSB embedding at all, our method can. C1 [Boncelet, Charles] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Marvel, Lisa] US Army, Ballist Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Boncelet, C (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM boncelet@udel.edu; marvel@arl.army.mil NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1036-1 PY 2007 BP 923 EP 923 DI 10.1109/CISS.2007.4298442 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BHD09 UT WOS:000252254400180 ER PT S AU Jacoby, GA Ransbottom, JS AF Jacoby, Grant A. Ransbottom, J. Scot GP IEEE TI Effective reporting (ER) for mobile host-based security and forensics SO 2007 4TH IEEE CONSUMER COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference CY JAN 11-13, 2007 CL Las Vegas, NV SP IEEE DE IDS; IPS; wireless; forensics; B-BID; mobile AB A mobile device's intrusion protection system (IPS) is at odds with itself: it should run as often as necessary and remain transparent to the system and the users; however, it should use as little system resources as possible to detect, report and prevent intrusions. By creating a forensics report that regularly monitors demands placed on battery current (mA) as well as correlating power and event activities, such as processes, open ports, and registry keys, a mobile host-based form of intrusion protection can be easily integrated into virtually any network intrusion detection system (IDS.) This paper outlines a novel design, test and build methodology to generate an effective security profile and an efficient bit-vector reporting format, to provide an enhancement in detecting, alerting and responding to various misuse conditions. C1 [Jacoby, Grant A.; Ransbottom, J. Scot] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Jacoby, GA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM gratit.jacoby@usma.edu; scot.ransbottom@usnia.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2331-9852 BN 978-1-4244-0666-1 J9 CONSUM COMM NETWORK PY 2007 BP 269 EP 274 DI 10.1109/CCNC.2007.60 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BIF54 UT WOS:000259117100053 ER PT B AU Delaney, AJ Prentice, ML Horsman, J Arcone, SA AF Delaney, A. J. Prentice, M. L. Horsman, J. Arcone, S. A. BE Soldovieri, F Crocco, L Persico, R TI Multi-frequency ground-penetrating radar method for revealing complex sedimentary facies SO 2007 4TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ADVANCED GROUND PENETRATING RADAR LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar CY JUN 27-29, 2007 CL IREA, Naples, ITALY SP Ingegneria Sistemi, Ansoft Corp, 3d Radar AS, Radar Syst, Geophys Survey Syst Inc, IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Italy Chapter, Univ Naples Federico II, Second Univ Naples HO IREA DE ground-penetrating radar; sedimentary architecture AB We attempted to resolve deltaic facies in Taylor Valley, Antarctica by using pulses centered near 120, 300 and 880 MHz, the latter of which has not yet been tried in this setting. The 120 MHz profiles clearly defined gross material changes, while the 300 MHz profiles added significant resolution to the topset, foreset and bottomset beds. The additional, higher frequency provided only about 2.5 m penetration however, the 10-15 cm pulse length revealed and defined multiple, fine-scale features that were not observed with the lower frequencies. The dip of these features is, in some instances, opposite to that of larger features profiled with the lower frequencies. Profiling with 880 MHz not only confirmed the greater complexity of the sedimentary architecture, but also allowed more robust interpretation of depositional processes. Generally, we recommend pulses centered near 300-400 MHz for detailed sedimentary profiling to about 6m depth. C1 [Delaney, A. J.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, POB 35170, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. [Prentice, M. L.] Indiana Geolg Survey, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Horsman, J.] Plymouth State Univ, Ctr Environm, Timnath, CO 80547 USA. [Arcone, S. A.] US Army, Cold Regions Res & Engn Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Delaney, AJ (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, POB 35170, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. EM Allan.J.Delaney@erdc.usace.army.mil; mlprenti@igs.edu; jhorsman@frii.com; Steven.A.Arcone@erdc.usace.army.mil FU Office of Polar Programs, National Science Foundation FX The work was supported by the Office of Polar Programs, National Science Foundation. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0886-3 PY 2007 BP 52 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BGW66 UT WOS:000250957400012 ER PT B AU Zhang, WD Woolard, D Zhao, P AF Zhang, Weidong Woolard, Dwight Zhao, Peiji GP IEEE TI A Spin-Polarized Interband-Current Source based upon Staggered-Bandgap Heterostructures SO 2007 7TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON NANOTECHNOLOGY, VOL 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology CY AUG 02-05, 2007 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE, IEEE Nanotechnol Council, IEEE Electron Devices Soc, Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Ctr Micro & Nano Syst, ETH, Inst Robot & Intelligent Syst, GETI, KC Wong Educ Fdn, US Army Int Technol Ctr, ACS NANO, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Grp, intel DE RTD; Interband tunneling; spin polarization ID INVERSION-LAYERS AB A detailed analysis is presented of the spin-splitting in an interband-resonant-tunneling diode (I-RTD). In the framework of a six-band Kane model, the escape process of the heavy-hole valence electrons through the interband channel of a staggered-bandgap heterostructure is described. Numerical simulation results demonstrate the interband current to be highly polarized and define a new I-RTD based spin-polarized source. C1 [Woolard, Dwight] USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Zhang, Weidong; Zhao, Peiji] N Carolina State Univ, ECE Dept, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Woolard, D (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM wzhang5@ncsu.edu; dwight.woolard@us.army.mil; pzhao@eos.ncsu.edu FU National Research Council (NRC) Postdoctoral Research Associateship Program FX The authors gratefully recognize Prof. Boris Gelmont of the ECE Department, University of Virginia, for his valuable comments on the manuscript. Weidong Zhang is also supported by National Research Council (NRC) Postdoctoral Research Associateship Program. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0607-4 PY 2007 BP 214 EP + PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BIO98 UT WOS:000261434900047 ER PT B AU He, HY Mallick, G Pandey, R Karna, SP AF He, Haiying Mallick, Govind Pandey, Ravindra Karna, Shashi P. GP IEEE TI Mechanism of Electrical Rectification in a Unimolecular Donor-Bridge (pi)-Acceptor Diode SO 2007 7TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON NANOTECHNOLOGY, VOL 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology CY AUG 02-05, 2007 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE, IEEE Nanotechnol Council, IEEE Electron Devices Soc, Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Ctr Micro & Nano Syst, ETH, Inst Robot & Intelligent Syst, GETI, KC Wong Educ Fdn, US Army Int Technol Ctr, ACS NANO, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Grp, intel DE nanotechnology; molecular electronics ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CONDUCTANCE; DENSITY AB We present here the results of theoretical calculations on the electron transport via a donor-bridge (pi)acceptor molecular system. A significant rectification effect is observed. A new transport mechanism involving the electronic structure of the molecular diode will be discussed. C1 [He, Haiying; Pandey, Ravindra] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Mallick, Govind; Karna, Shashi P.] US Army, Res Lab, Weapons and Materials Directorat, AMSRD ARL WM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Pandey, Ravindra] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Pandey, R (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM pandey@mtu.edu; skarna@arl.army.mil FU DARPA through ARL [DAAD17-03-C-0115]; National Computational Science Alliance [ASC050006N] FX This work was supported by DARPA through ARL contract No: DAAD17-03-C-0115. This work was also partially supported by the National Computational Science Alliance under Grant Number ASC050006N. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0607-4 PY 2007 BP 874 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BIO98 UT WOS:000261434900195 ER PT S AU Hodo, DW Hung, JY Bevly, DM Millhouse, S AF Hodo, David W. Hung, John Y. Bevly, David M. Millhouse, Scott GP IEEE TI Effects of sensor placement and errors on path following control of a mobile robot-trailer system SO 2007 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-13 SE Proceedings of the American Control Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 26th American Control Conference CY JUL 09-13, 2007 CL New York, NY AB In this paper, effects of sensor location and measurement errors on path tracking control of a mobile robot pulling a trailer are reported. A model for a two-wheeled robot towing a trailer is presented, followed by a state feedback controller designed to position the trailer along a path consisting of lines and circular arcs. An incremental encoder is used to measure the hitch angle between the robot and trailer. A combined GPS/IMU system is used to measure position and orientation of either the robot or the trailer (but not both). The choice of mounting location for the GPS/IMU system, and consequent effects on trailer path tracking performance are explored. The sensitivity of the system to hitch angle errors is also examined for both cases. It is shown that the system is less sensitive to errors in the hitch angle measurement when the GPS/IMU system is located on the trailer. C1 [Hodo, David W.; Hung, John Y.] Auburn Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Bevly, David M.] Auburn Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Millhouse, Scott] US Army Corps Engineers, Engn & Support Ctr Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. RP Hodo, DW (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM hododav@aubum.edu; hungjoh@aubum.edu; bevlydm@auburn.edu FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) FX The authors express thanks for the support from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP). NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1619 BN 978-1-4244-0988-4 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 2007 BP 3609 EP + PG 2 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BHD12 UT WOS:000252258802127 ER PT B AU Capek, P Jha, N Zhou, L Dierolf, V Sampath, V Wraback, M AF Capek, P. Jha, N. Zhou, L. Dierolf, V. Sampath, V. Wraback, M. GP IEEE TI Near Field Optical Spectroscopy Studies of Carrier Localization in AlxGa1-xN Iloys SO 2007 CONFERENCE ON LASERS & ELECTRO-OPTICS/QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (CLEO/QELS 2007), VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference CY MAY 06-11, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD AB Using UV-near-field optical spectroscopy and AlGaN layers that exhibit a strong, red-shifted emission band, we demonstrate the existence of different localization regions that can be excited selectively with excitation below the bandgap. (C)2007 Optical Society of America C1 [Capek, P.; Jha, N.; Zhou, L.; Dierolf, V.] Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, Bldg 16, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Sampath, V.; Wraback, M.] US Army, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, AMSRD ARL SE EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Capek, P (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, Bldg 16, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM pac4@lehigh.edu FU Lehigh-ARL [W911NF-2-0015] FX This work was supported by Lehigh-ARL collaborative agreement W911NF-2-0015. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3590-6 PY 2007 BP 47 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BKO20 UT WOS:000268751000024 ER PT B AU Reed, ML Readinger, ED Sampath, AV Garrett, GA Shen, H Wraback, M Syrkin, A Usikov, A Dmitriev, VA AF Reed, M. L. Readinger, E. D. Sampath, A. V. Garrett, G. A. Shen, H. Wraback, M. Syrkin, A. Usikov, A. Dmitriev, V. A. GP IEEE TI HVPE-grown n-InGaN/p-GaN Single Heterostructure LED With p-side Down SO 2007 CONFERENCE ON LASERS & ELECTRO-OPTICS/QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (CLEO/QELS 2007), VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference CY MAY 06-11, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD AB An HVPE-grown n-InGaN/p-GaN single heterojunction LED with p-side down and emission at similar to 480nm has been demonstrated. Benefits of the p-down geometry for such an LED associated with polarity are discussed. (C)2007 Optical Society of America C1 [Reed, M. L.; Readinger, E. D.; Sampath, A. V.; Garrett, G. A.; Shen, H.; Wraback, M.] USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Syrkin, A.; Usikov, A.; Dmitriev, V. A.] Technol Device Int, Silver Spring, MD 20904 USA. RP Reed, ML (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM meredith.ford@us.army.mil NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3590-6 PY 2007 BP 63 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BKO20 UT WOS:000268751000032 ER PT B AU Dubinskii, M Ter-Gabrielyan, N Camargo, M Newburgh, GA Merkle, LD AF Dubinskii, M. Ter-Gabrielyan, N. Camargo, M. Newburgh, G. A. Merkle, L. D. GP IEEE TI Ultra-Low-Photon-Defect Cryo-Laser Performance of Resonantly Diode-Pumped Er(3+):YAG SO 2007 CONFERENCE ON LASERS & ELECTRO-OPTICS/QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (CLEO/QELS 2007), VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference CY MAY 06-11, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD ID YAG LASER; NM; ER AB We report what is believed to be the first ultra-low-photon-defect resonantly diode-pumped Er:YAG cryo-laser. Quasi-CW laser performance at 85 degrees K in this initial experiment was found to be 58% efficient. Quasi-CW power of similar to 22W was achieved. (C) 2007 Optical Society of America C1 [Dubinskii, M.; Ter-Gabrielyan, N.; Camargo, M.; Newburgh, G. A.; Merkle, L. D.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Dubinskii, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mdubinsky@arl.army.mil NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3590-6 PY 2007 BP 588 EP 589 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BKO20 UT WOS:000268751000296 ER PT B AU Chern, GD Shen, HE Wraback, M Koblmuller, G Gallinat, CS Speck, JS AF Chern, Grace D. Shen, Hongen Wraback, Michael Koblmueller, Gregor Gallinat, Chad S. Speck, James S. GP IEEE TI Excitation Wavelength Dependence of Terahertz Emission from Indium Nitride Multiple Quantum Wells SO 2007 CONFERENCE ON LASERS & ELECTRO-OPTICS/QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (CLEO/QELS 2007), VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference CY MAY 06-11, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD ID FIELDS AB We report the excitation wavelength dependence of terahertz emission from N-face InN/InGaN multiple quantum wells relative to that from bulk N-face InN when excited by ferntosecond optical pulses tunable from 800 nm to 1700 rim. (C)2007 Optical Society of Anierica C1 [Chern, Grace D.; Shen, Hongen; Wraback, Michael] USA, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Koblmueller, Gregor; Gallinat, Chad S.; Speck, James S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Chern, GD (reprint author), USA, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM grace.chern@arl.army.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3590-6 PY 2007 BP 1273 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BKO20 UT WOS:000268751001076 ER PT B AU McEnnis, C Dikmelik, Y O'Brien, B Spicer, JB Zhang, DJ De Lucia, FC Miziolek, AW AF McEnnis, Caroline Dikmelik, Yamac O'Brien, Brigid Spicer, James B. Zhang, Dajie De Lucia, Frank C., Jr. Miziolek, Andrzej W. GP IEEE TI Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites SO 2007 CONFERENCE ON LASERS & ELECTRO-OPTICS/QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (CLEO/QELS 2007), VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference CY MAY 06-11, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD AB Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy was used to study polymer matrix nanocomposites containing metal nanoparticles. We have observed emission from the silver and palladium nanoparticles as well as CN and C-2 molecules owing to the polymer matrix. (C)2007 Optical Society of America C1 [McEnnis, Caroline; Dikmelik, Yamac; O'Brien, Brigid; Spicer, James B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Zhang, Dajie] Johns Hopkins Univ, Adv Technol Lab, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [De Lucia, Frank C., Jr.; Miziolek, Andrzej W.] US Army, Res Labs, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP McEnnis, C (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM mcennis@jhu.edu RI Spicer, James/A-3312-2010 OI Spicer, James/0000-0002-3512-5503 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3590-6 PY 2007 BP 1355 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BKO20 UT WOS:000268751001118 ER PT B AU Merkle, LD Ter-Gabrielyan, N Dubinskii, M Ikesue, A AF Merkle, Larry D. Ter-Gabrielyan, Nikolay Dubinskii, Mark Ikesue, Akio GP IEEE TI Cross Sections for Room and Low Temperature Operation of Er-Doped Sesquioxide Lasers SO 2007 CONFERENCE ON LASERS & ELECTRO-OPTICS/QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (CLEO/QELS 2007), VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference CY MAY 06-11, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD AB Sesquioxides are attractive solid-state laser hosts, and Er3+ is an important ion for eyesafe lasers. Using high-resolution spectra, absorption and stimulated emission cross sections of Er:sesquioxides are determined for both room temperature and 77K. (C)2007 Optical Society of America C1 [Merkle, Larry D.; Ter-Gabrielyan, Nikolay; Dubinskii, Mark] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Ikesue, Akio] World Lab Co Ltd, Atsuta Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4560023, Japan. RP Merkle, LD (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM lmerkle@arl.army.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3590-6 PY 2007 BP 1409 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BKO20 UT WOS:000268751001145 ER PT B AU Xu, J Zhang, F Lakhtakia, A Pursel, SM Gerhold, M AF Xu, Jian Zhang, Fan Lakhtakia, Akhlesh Pursel, Sean M. Gerhold, Michael GP IEEE TI Circularly Polarized Emission from Colloidal Nanocrystal Quantum Dots Confined in Sculptured Thin Film Based Microcavities SO 2007 CONFERENCE ON LASERS & ELECTRO-OPTICS/QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (CLEO/QELS 2007), VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference CY MAY 06-11, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD AB We report the simultaneous control of the polarization state and emission bandwidth of colloidal nanocrystal quantum dots by embedding them in chiral reflector-based microcavities. Significant improvements in directionality and color purity have been observed in the polarized light output arising from the enhanced coupling between the NQD-excitons and the confined electromagnetic field. C1 [Xu, Jian; Zhang, Fan; Lakhtakia, Akhlesh; Pursel, Sean M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, State Coll, PA 16802 USA. [Gerhold, Michael] US Army, Res Off, Engn Sci Directorate, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Xu, J (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, State Coll, PA 16802 USA. EM jianxu@engr.psu.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3590-6 PY 2007 BP 1488 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BKO20 UT WOS:000268751001185 ER PT B AU Garrett, GA Shen, HE Wraback, M Tsakalakos, L LeBoeuf, SF AF Garrett, Gregory A. Shen, Hongen Wraback, Michael Tsakalakos, Loucas LeBoeuf, Steven F. GP IEEE TI Time-Resolved Photoluminescence Studies and Spectral Narrowing in ZnO Nanostructures SO 2007 CONFERENCE ON LASERS & ELECTRO-OPTICS/QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (CLEO/QELS 2007), VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference CY MAY 06-11, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD AB Pulsed-excitation photoluminescence studies of ZnO nanostructures show spectral narrowing and a corresponding decrease in lifetime with an increase in pump fluence. Results for structures grown on sapphire and silicon are presented. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America C1 [Garrett, Gregory A.; Shen, Hongen; Wraback, Michael] USA, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Tsakalakos, Loucas; LeBoeuf, Steven F.] Gen Elect Global Res Ctr, Micro & Nano Struct Technol, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA. RP Garrett, GA (reprint author), USA, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ggarrett@arl.army.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3590-6 PY 2007 BP 1490 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BKO20 UT WOS:000268751001186 ER PT B AU Gupta, N AF Gupta, Neelam GP IEEE TI Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter-based Spectropolarimetric Imagers for Biomedical Applications SO 2007 CONFERENCE ON LASERS & ELECTRO-OPTICS/QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (CLEO/QELS 2007), VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference CY MAY 06-11, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD AB Optical imagers that can detect both spectral and polarization signatures are needed in biomedical applications. Acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) based imagers are described that are ideally suited to provide both agile spectral and polarization signatures. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gupta, N (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ngupta@arl.army.mil RI Gupta, Neelam/B-8702-2013 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3590-6 PY 2007 BP 1878 EP 1879 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BKO20 UT WOS:000268751001382 ER PT B AU Mu, XD Ding, YJJ Svensson, SP Little, J Swaminathan, V AF Mu, Xiaodong Ding, Yujie J. Svensson, Stefan P. Little, John Swaminathan, V. GP IEEE TI Evidence of Periodic Electric Fields Generated by Spatial Separation of Photogenerated Electron-Hole Pairs in Short-Period InAs/GaSb Type-II Superlattices SO 2007 CONFERENCE ON LASERS & ELECTRO-OPTICS/QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (CLEO/QELS 2007), VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference CY MAY 06-11, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD AB Under relatively high pump intensities, photoluminescence intensities across the miniband were greatly reduced, which was attributed to the existence of periodic electric fields caused by spatially-separated photogenerated electrons and holes in short-period type-II InAs/GaSb superlattices. (C)2007 Optical Society of America C1 [Mu, Xiaodong; Ding, Yujie J.] Lehigh Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Svensson, Stefan P.; Little, John; Swaminathan, V.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Sensor Elect Device, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Mu, XD (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM yud2@lehigh.edu FU ARL; AFOSR FX This work has been supported by ARL and AFOSR. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3590-6 PY 2007 BP 1995 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BKO20 UT WOS:000268751001441 ER PT B AU Rudin, S Reinecke, TL AF Rudin, S. Reinecke, T. L. GP IEEE TI Optical Linewidth and Dephasing in Single InAs Quantum Dots and Coupled Dot-Microcavity Systems SO 2007 CONFERENCE ON LASERS & ELECTRO-OPTICS/QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (CLEO/QELS 2007), VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference CY MAY 06-11, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD AB We study effects of carrier-phonon interactions on the optical spectra of single semiconductor quantum dots in etched mesas and dots imbedded in semiconductor cavities. The temperature dependence of the exciton linewidths in single dots is compared with experimental results. (C) 2007 Optical Society of America C1 [Rudin, S.] USN, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Reinecke, T. L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rudin, S (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM srudin@arl.army.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3590-6 PY 2007 BP 2542 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BKO20 UT WOS:000268751001720 ER PT B AU Pan, YL Chang, RK Pinnick, RG Hill, SC AF Pan, Yang-Le Chang, Richard K. Pinnick, Ronald G. Hill, Steven C. GP IEEE TI Real-time monitoring of atmospheric aerosol at New Haven, CT for fluorescence spectra, particle size and concentration SO 2007 CONFERENCE ON LASERS & ELECTRO-OPTICS/QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (CLEO/QELS 2007), VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference CY MAY 06-11, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD AB A real-time aerosol-particle monitoring system is developed to measure size, concentration, and UV-laser-induced-fluorescence spectra. Data for atmospheric particles at New Haven, CT are measured over 48-hours and heirarchically cluster into various categories. (C) 2007 Optical Society of America C1 [Pan, Yang-Le; Chang, Richard K.] Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Pinnick, Ronald G.; Hill, Steven C.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Pan, YL (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM yongle.pan@yale.edu; Richard.chang@yale.edu; rpinnick@arl.army.mil; shill@arl.army.mil NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3590-6 PY 2007 BP 2773 EP 2773 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BKO20 UT WOS:000268751001842 ER PT S AU Celik, M Shekhar, S Rogers, JP Shine, JA Kang, JM AF Celik, Mete Shekhar, Shashi Rogers, James P. Shine, James A. Kang, James M. GP IEEE TI Mining at most top-K% mixed-drove spatio-temporal co-occurrence patterns: A summary of results SO 2007 IEEE 23RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DATA ENGINEERING WORKSHOP, VOLS 1-2 SE IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering Workshop LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 23rd International Conference on Data Engineering Workshop CY APR 17-20, 2007 CL Istanbul, TURKEY SP IEEE ID DIVERSITY AB Mixed-drove spatio-temporal co-occurrence patterns (MDCOPs) represent subsets of object-types that are located together in space and time. Discovering MDCOPs is an important problem with many applications such as Planning battlefield tactics, and tracking predator-prey interactions. However, determining suitable interest measure thresholds is a difficult task In this paper, we define the problem of mining at most top-K% MDCOPs without using user defined thresholds and propose a novel at most top-K% MDCOP mining algorithm. Analytical and experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is correct and complete. Results show the proposed method is computationally more efficient than naive alternatives. C1 [Celik, Mete; Shekhar, Shashi; Kang, James M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Rogers, James P.; Shine, James A.] US Army ERDC, Topograph Engn Ctr, Vicksburg, VA USA. RP Celik, M (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM mcelik@cs.umn.edu; shekar@cs.umn.edu; james.p.rogers.II@erdc.usace.army.mil; james.a.shine@erdc.usace.army.mil; jkang@cs.umn.edu FU US Army Corps of Engineers [W9132V-06-C-0011]; Army High Perform ance Computing Research Center ( AHPCRC) under the auspices of the Department of the Army; Army Research Laboratory (ARL) [DAAD19-01-2-0014]; NSF [ISS-0431141] FX THis work was partially supported by the US Army Corps of Engineers under contract number W9132V-06-C-0011, the Army High Performance Computing Research Center (AHPCRC) under the auspices of the Department of the Army , Army Research Laboratory (ARL) under contract number DAAD19-01-2-0014, and the NSF grant ISS-0431141. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1943-2895 BN 978-1-4244-0831-3 J9 I C DATA ENGIN WORKS PY 2007 BP 565 EP + DI 10.1109/ICDEW.2007.4401042 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BHM59 UT WOS:000254288100070 ER PT S AU Torrieri, D Mathur, A Mukherjee, A Kwon, HM AF Torrieri, Don Mathur, Avinash Mukherjee, Arnitav Kwon, Hyuck M. GP IEEE TI Iterative EM Based LDPC CDMA Receiver under Time Varying Interference SO 2007 IEEE 65TH VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-6 SE IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 65th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference CY APR 22-25, 2007 CL Dublin, IRELAND SP IEEE DE EM algorithm; iterative receiver; LDPC AB The authors of this paper proposed an iterative expectation-maximization (EM) channel estimation based on a low-density parity-check (LDPC) code-division multiple access receiver in their previous work. The receiver algorithm could efficiently estimate both channel coefficients and noise power spectral density (PSD). However, their previous work considered only a single user channel environment, so they tested only for a constant noise PSD. In the current paper, we extend the single user to a more realistic multiuser environment for the testing of a time-varying interference plus noise PSD estimation. Also our proposed adaptive PSD estimation scheme will be compared with a conventional system in which a constant PSD is assumed. It will show that the proposed iterative EM scheme can provide accurate interference plus noise PSD estimates to the LDPC decoder. C1 [Torrieri, Don] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Mathur, Avinash; Mukherjee, Arnitav; Kwon, Hyuck M.] Wichita State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wichita, KS 67260 USA. RP Torrieri, D (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM dtorrieri@arl.army.mil; axmathur@wichita.edu; axmukherjee@wichita.edu; hyuck.kwon@wichita.edu RI Mukherjee, Amitav/A-7336-2009 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-2252 BN 978-1-4244-0265-6 J9 IEEE VTS VEH TECHNOL PY 2007 BP 1986 EP + DI 10.1109/VETECS.2007.411 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA BHC94 UT WOS:000252237601083 ER PT B AU Chen, YX Zhao, Q Swami, A AF Chen, Yunxia Zhao, Qing Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI Joint PHY-MAC design for opportunistic spectrum access with multi-channel sensing SO 2007 IEEE 8TH WORKSHOP ON SIGNAL PROCESSING ADVANCES IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications CY JUN 17-20, 2007 CL Helsinki, FINLAND SP IEEE AB This paper addresses the design of opportunistic spectrum access (OSA) where secondary users are allowed to sense and access multiple channels in the spectrum without causing unacceptable interference to primary users. Integrated in OSA design are a spectrum sensor at the physical (PHY) layer and a sensing and an access strategy at the MAC layer. Within the framework of partially observable Markov decision process, we develop a separation principle for the joint OSA design, leading to an explicit optimal design of the spectrum sensor and a closed-form optimal access strategy when spectrum sensor and access strategy are designed independently across channels. We also propose two heuristic approaches that exploit the correlation among channel occupancies, one at the PHY layer and the other at the MAC layer. Simulation results indicate that the exploitation of channel correlation at the PHY layer is more effective than that at the MAC layer, and that the detection capability of the spectrum sensor can be improved by exploiting MAC layer information. C1 [Chen, Yunxia; Zhao, Qing] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Chen, YX (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. FU Army Research Laboratory CTA on Communication and Networks [DAAD19-01-2-0011]; National Science Foundation [CNS-0627090, ECS- 0622200] FX This work was supported in part by the Army Research Laboratory CTA on Communication and Networks under Grant DAAD19-01-2-0011 and by the National Science Foundation under Grants CNS-0627090 and ECS- 0622200. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0954-9 PY 2007 BP 475 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHQ52 UT WOS:000255431000096 ER PT B AU Wang, ZM Arce, GR Paredes, JL Sadler, BM AF Wang, Zhongmin Arce, Gonzalo R. Paredes, Jose L. Sadler, Brian M. GP IEEE TI Compressed detection for ultra-wideband impulse radio SO 2007 IEEE 8TH WORKSHOP ON SIGNAL PROCESSING ADVANCES IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications CY JUN 17-20, 2007 CL Helsinki, FINLAND SP IEEE ID MULTIPATH CHANNELS AB ne emerging theory of compressed sensing (CS) not only enables the reconstruction of sparse signals from a small set of random measurements [1, 2], but also provides an universal signal detection approach at sub-Nyquist sampling rates [3, 4]. Compressed signal detection is particularly suitable for impulse ultra-wideband (I-UWB) communications where Nyquist sampling of the signal is a formidable challenge [5]. In this paper, we propose a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) detector for I-UWB receivers based on compressive measurements. Pilot symbol assisted modulation is proposed where received signals are randomly projected and subsequently correlated for data demodulation. The proposed receiver is simple to implement, which has the advantage that neither wideband delay lines nor ultra-fast analog to digital converters (ADC) are required. Given a channel realization, the exact bit error probability (BEP) of the proposed receiver is derived. Approximate BEP is also derived under the Gaussian assumption. Simulation results show that the proposed receiver with moderate compressive measurements has comparable performance to traditional analog autocorrelation (AcR) receivers [6, 7]. C1 [Wang, Zhongmin; Arce, Gonzalo R.] Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Paredes, Jose L.] Univ Los Andes, Dept Elect Engn, Merida, Venezuela. [Sadler, Brian M.] AMSRL CI CN, Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wang, ZM (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM zhongmin@udel.edu; arce@ece.udel.edu; paredesj@ula.ve; bsadler@arl.army.mil FU U. S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program [DAAD19-1-2-0011] FX Prepared through collaborative participation in the Communications and Networks Consortium sponsored by the U. S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-1-2-0011. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0954-9 PY 2007 BP 555 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHQ52 UT WOS:000255431000112 ER PT B AU Ying, YQ Ghogho, M Swami, A AF Ying, Yeqiu Ghogho, Mounir Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI A new non-coherent demodulation scheme for IR-UWB SO 2007 IEEE 8TH WORKSHOP ON SIGNAL PROCESSING ADVANCES IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications CY JUN 17-20, 2007 CL Helsinki, FINLAND SP IEEE AB Coherent detection schemes encounter formidable implementation challenges such as stringent synchronization and channel estimation, and ultra-fast analog to digital converters (ADC) in impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) communications. On the other hand, non-coherent receivers were proposed to trade off the detection performance for reduced complexity. In this paper, we propose a new non-coherent demodulation scheme based on energy detection. The scheme effectively alleviate the noise and interference without sacrificing the energy efficiency. To increase the data rate, we propose to use block-coded modulation. Performance evaluation shows that our non-coherent demodulation scheme, in combination with block-coded modulation, provides robust performance even in the presence of strong inter-frame interference and multi-user interference. C1 [Ying, Yeqiu; Ghogho, Mounir] Univ Leeds, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Ying, YQ (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. EM eenyyi@leeds.ac.uk; m.ghogho@leeds.ac.uk; a.swami@ieee.org NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0954-9 PY 2007 BP 570 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHQ52 UT WOS:000255431000115 ER PT B AU Misra, S Tong, L AF Misra, Saswat Tong, Lang GP IEEE TI Error exponents for Bayesian detection with randomly spaced sensors SO 2007 IEEE 8TH WORKSHOP ON SIGNAL PROCESSING ADVANCES IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications CY JUN 17-20, 2007 CL Helsinki, FINLAND SP IEEE DE distributed Bayesian detection; error exponent; Gauss-Markov; sensors; optimal placement density AB We study the detection of Gauss-Markov signals using randomly spaced sensors. We derive a lower bound on the Bayesian detection error based on the Kullback-Leibler divergence, and from this, define an error exponent. We then evaluate the error exponent for stationary and non-stationary Gauss-Markov models where the sensor spacings, d(1), d2,..., are drawn independently from a common distribution F-d. In both models, error exponents take on simple forms involving the parameters of the Markov process and expectations over Fd of certain functions of d(1). These expressions are evaluated explicitly when Fd corresponds to (i) exponentially distributed sensors with placement density lambda (ii) equally spaced sensors, and (iii) the proceeding cases when sensors also fail with probability q. Many insights follow. For example, in the non-stationary case, we determine the optimal A as a function of q. Numerical simulations show that the error exponent, based on an asymptotic analysis of the lower bound, predicts trends of the actual error rate accurately, even for small data sizes. C1 [Misra, Saswat] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Tong, Lang] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. RP Misra, S (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM smisra@arl.army.mil; lItong@ece.cornell.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0954-9 PY 2007 BP 621 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHQ52 UT WOS:000255431000125 ER PT S AU Rock, JC AF Rock, Janice C. GP IEEE TI An analysis of deep ion implantation for use in shielding of Phased Array circuitry SO 2007 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2007 IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 03-10, 2007 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE, Panasonic, Aerosp Corp, IET, dSPACE, CALTECH, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASES AB This paper is an extension of the current research being conducted at the US Army Aviation and Missile Research, Development and Engineering Center. The initial work for this research was presented at the 2004, 2005 and 2006 IEEE Aerospace Conferences in papers titled '' Phased Arrays using Dual-Wafer Fabrication / High Integration Processes '' [1], '' Integration of Antenna Elements onto Semiconductor Substrates for use in Phased Arrays [2]'' and '' Semiconductor Substrates in Phased Arrays - Integration Issues, Challenges and Laboratory Results [3]''. Early surveys of industry and academia to determine the state-of-the-art in phased array systems showed that the major barriers impinging upon continued wafer-level component integration (along with the radiating elements associated with the array) included heat dissipation and thermal management, packaging, shielding of radiation from micro-or nano-electronic circuitry, and quantification of any electromagnetic interactions between radiating elements and the semiconductor substrate. The main purpose of this current analysis is to quantify electromagnetic interactions through a study of the propagation characteristics of plane waves in semiconductor materials. For this paper, we examine the optimum pairing of substrate length and ion implantation doping for use in shielding other semiconductor devices by creating an electromagnetic evanescent area. This will be accomplished through simulation studies and verified in the laboratory using silicon as a sample substrate. An earlier study quantified electromagnetic interactions in bulk semiconductor materials and showed that as conductivity increased, the field decreased substantially as expected. That study is discussed here for clarity and expanded to include multi-layer semiconductor wave propagation. C1 [Rock, Janice C.] USA, Missile Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, AMSAM RD MG RF, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Rock, JC (reprint author), USA, Missile Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, AMSAM RD MG RF, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM janice.rock@us.army.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4244-0524-4 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2007 BP 903 EP 911 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Engineering; Computer Science; Robotics GA BGY10 UT WOS:000251235300080 ER PT S AU Booth, JP AF Booth, Joel P. GP IEEE TI Electromagnetic redirection thru material manipulation SO 2007 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2007 IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 03-10, 2007 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE, Panasonic, Aerosp Corp, IET, dSPACE, CALTECH, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASES AB This paper will be a continuation of the work presented last year at the 2006 IEEE Aerospace Conference in a paper titled,'' Electromagnetic Study of Multilayer Media '', Joel P. Booth. This paper will discuss the process of a basic electromagnetic analysis for a multilayer material. This discussion will include computer simulations, real world situations and graduate studies. The relationships between different materials and their effects on electromagnetic energy will be explored. This effort is being conducted in the RF Technology Division of the Applied Sensors, Guidance, and Electronics Directorate of the Aviation and Missile Research, Development, and Engineering Center (AMRDEC) on the Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama. This paper will explore using material properties and geometric configurations to redirect electromagnetic energy as a means create a low-cost, low-loss radome material (or radome design) to extend the current range of both gimbaled and electronically-steered phased arrays. At the present time, most missile seekers are restricted to 600 in azimuth and elevation due to 1) mechanical limitations of the gimbal and also to 2) limitations of electronically steerable systems due to the phase shifter elements of the system creating large sidelobes at large angles. The concept is to extend steering range without the addition of mechanical means or more intensive processing while not impeding the function of multimode configurations. The data obtained from this effort will be used in the selection of new missile seeker system parameters. The effects of the research could drive cost, manufacturing, and new design concepts. The results could also effect the combination of modes in radar design to achieve the mission. The goal of this research is to develop and investigate a concept that is low-cost, low-loss, easy to manufacture, and novel in design. (12). C1 [Booth, Joel P.] USA, Missile Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, AMSRD AMR SG RF, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Booth, JP (reprint author), USA, Missile Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, AMSRD AMR SG RF, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4244-0524-4 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2007 BP 912 EP 918 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Engineering; Computer Science; Robotics GA BGY10 UT WOS:000251235300081 ER PT S AU Schrenk, WJ Brown, SE AF Schrenk, William J. Brown, Stephanie E. GP IEEE TI Signal processing suggestions for high power RF pulse devices SO 2007 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2007 IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 03-10, 2007 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE, Panasonic, Aerosp Corp, IET, dSPACE, CALTECH, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASES DE END; HPM; high-power microwave; pulser device AB Though High Powered Microwave (HPM) devices have been in existence for many decades, there seems to be no universally accepted method for hardware test and evaluation. Which data is taken is many times determined by the type of equipment available for testing. As a result, the data taken on the HPM devices may or may not be readily compared to data taken on similar devices at different facilities. This makes any type of government assessment extremely difficult. The following research discusses a few methods that could be implemented to ensure reasonable and comparable data collection of pulser type devices. C1 [Schrenk, William J.; Brown, Stephanie E.] USA, Missile Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, AMSRD AMR SS EG, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Schrenk, WJ (reprint author), USA, Missile Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, AMSRD AMR SS EG, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4244-0524-4 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2007 BP 1028 EP 1033 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Engineering; Computer Science; Robotics GA BGY10 UT WOS:000251235300094 ER PT S AU Wei, M Chen, G Cruz, JB Haynes, LS Chang, MH Blasch, E AF Wei, Mo Chen, Genshe Cruz, Jose B., Jr. Haynes, Leonard S. Chang, Mou-Hsiung Blasch, Erik GP IEEE TI A decentralized approach to pursuer-evader games with multiple superior evaders in noisy environments SO 2007 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2007 IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 03-10, 2007 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE, Panasonic, Aerosp Corp, IET, dSPACE, CALTECH, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASES AB Few pursuer-evader (PE) game algorithms allow for real-time applications for (1) multi-pursuer-multi-evader situations, (2) noisy environments, and (3) evaders with superior control resources such as higher speeds. This paper introduces a real-time decentralized approach for such games. A sufficient condition for capturing a superior evader is proposed. A particle filter is applied to the complex non-Gaussian multi-model noise. Simulations confirm the efficiency of this approach. (12). C1 [Wei, Mo; Chen, Genshe; Haynes, Leonard S.] Intelligent Automat Inc, 15400 Calhoun Dr,Suite 400, Rockville, MD 20855 USA. [Cruz, Jose B., Jr.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43202 USA. [Chang, Mou-Hsiung] US Army Res Off, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Blasch, Erik] Air Force Res Lab AFRL, Wright Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH USA. RP Wei, M (reprint author), Intelligent Automat Inc, 15400 Calhoun Dr,Suite 400, Rockville, MD 20855 USA. EM mwei@i-a-i.com; gchen@i-a-i.com; cruz.22@osu.edu; lhaynes@i-a-i.com; mouhsiung.chang@us.army.mil; mouhsiung.chang@us.army.mil FU US ARMY [W911NF-06-C-0016] FX This work was supported in part by the US ARMY under contract number W911NF-06-C-0016. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of the ARMY. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4244-0524-4 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2007 BP 1987 EP 1996 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Engineering; Computer Science; Robotics GA BGY10 UT WOS:000251235301093 ER PT S AU Kaplan, LM Cevher, V AF Kaplan, Lance M. Cevher, Volkan GP IEEE TI Design considerations for a heterogeneous network of bearings-only sensors using sensor management SO 2007 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2007 IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 03-10, 2007 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE, Panasonic, Aerosp Corp, IET, dSPACE, CALTECH, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASES DE sensor networks; sensor fusion; Poisson point process ID TARGET LOCALIZATION; TRACKING AB This paper presents a design characterization of heterogeneous sensor networks with the goal of geolocation accuracy. It is assumed that the network exploits sensor management to conserve node power usage. We focus on bearings-only sensor networks consisting of acoustic and imaging modalities. Each available node modality is a bearings-only sensor of varying capability. The optimal mixture of modalities is discussed under the constraint of the overall network cost. Finally, simulations verify the theory and demonstrate design choices. C1 [Kaplan, Lance M.] U S Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Cevher, Volkan] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Kaplan, LM (reprint author), U S Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4244-0524-4 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2007 BP 2272 EP + PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Engineering; Computer Science; Robotics GA BGY10 UT WOS:000251235302019 ER PT S AU Dempsey, PJ Lewicki, DG Le, DD AF Dempsey, Paula J. Lewicki, David G. Le, Dy D. GP IEEE TI Investigation of current methods to identify helicopter gear health SO 2007 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2007 IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 03-10, 2007 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE, Panasonic, Aerosp Corp, IET, dSPACE, CALTECH, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASES AB This paper provides an overview of current vibration methods used to identify the health of helicopter transmission gears. The gears are critical to the transmission system that provides propulsion, lift and maneuvering of the helicopter. This paper reviews techniques used to process vibration data to calculate conditions indicators (CI's), guidelines used by the government aviation authorities in developing and certifying the Health and Usage Monitoring System (HUMS), condition and health indicators used in commercial HUMS, and different methods used to set thresholds to detect damage. Initial assessment of a method to set thresholds for vibration based condition indicators applied to flight and test rig data by evaluating differences in distributions between comparable transmissions are also discussed. Gear condition indicator FM4 values are compared on an OH58 helicopter during 14 maneuvers and an OH58 transmission test stand during crack propagation tests. Preliminary results show the distributions between healthy helicopter and rig data are comparable and distributions between healthy and damaged gears show significant differences.(1,2). C1 [Dempsey, Paula J.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. [Lewicki, David G.] U S Army Res Lab, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. [Le, Dy D.] FAA, William J Hughes Tech Ctr, Atlantic, NJ 08405 USA. RP Dempsey, PJ (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. EM paula.j.dempsey@nasa.gov; david.g.lewicki@grc.nasa.gov; dy.le@faa.gov NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4244-0524-4 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2007 BP 3768 EP + PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Engineering; Computer Science; Robotics GA BGY10 UT WOS:000251235303061 ER PT S AU Wang, X Katehi, L Peroulis, D Perlman, B AF Wang, Xin Katehi, Linda Peroulis, Dimitris Perlman, Barry GP IEEE TI Three dimensional integration and on-wafer packaging of signal centric sensors for ultra wideband systems SO 2007 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-12 SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 09-15, 2007 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE, Antennas & Propagat Soc C1 [Wang, Xin] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Katehi, Linda; Peroulis, Dimitris] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Perlman, Barry] US Army RDECOM, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Wang, X (reprint author), Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. FU National Science Foundation under [ECS-0638531]; DARPA TEAM project FX The signal-centric sensor and communications system project has been supported by the National Science Foundation under the award ECS-0638531. The heterogeneous integration project has been funded by the DARPA TEAM project. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-4244-0877-1 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2007 BP 101 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHS60 UT WOS:000255973400026 ER PT S AU Weiss, SJ Coburn, K AF Weiss, Steven J. Coburn, Keefe GP IEEE TI An efficient patch antenna with bandwidth enhancement SO 2007 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-12 SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 09-15, 2007 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE, Antennas & Propagat Soc C1 [Weiss, Steven J.; Coburn, Keefe] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Weiss, SJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-4244-0877-1 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2007 BP 1407 EP 1410 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHS60 UT WOS:000255973401007 ER PT S AU Mirza, IO Shi, S Fazi, C Mait, JN Prather, DW AF Mirza, Iftekhar O. Shi, Shouyuan Fazi, Chris Mait, Joseph N. Prather, Dennis W. GP IEEE TI A study of loop antenna miniaturization using split ring resonators SO 2007 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-12 SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 09-15, 2007 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE, Antennas & Propagat Soc ID SUBSTRATE AB In this paper we demonstrate the miniaturization of a loop antenna through simulation and experiment using synthetic reactive elements, namely split ring resonators (SRRs), embedded in the substrate of the antenna. Two designs were considered with SRRs both in and out of the plane of the substrate. Simulation results show that antenna size can be reduced up to thirty eight percent for both designs. However, due to ease of fabrication, the in-plane configuration is the preferred design. Simulation and experimental results are presented. C1 [Mirza, Iftekhar O.; Shi, Shouyuan; Prather, Dennis W.] Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 140 Evans Hall, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Fazi, Chris; Mait, Joseph N.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Mirza, IO (reprint author), Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 140 Evans Hall, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM iomirza@udel.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-4244-0877-1 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2007 BP 1713 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHS60 UT WOS:000255973401081 ER PT S AU Keller, SD Palmer, WD Joines, WT AF Keller, Steven D. Palmer, W. Devereux Joines, William T. GP IEEE TI Electromagnetic modeling and simulation of a directly-modulated l-band microstrip patch antenna SO 2007 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-12 SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 09-15, 2007 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE, Antennas & Propagat Soc C1 [Keller, Steven D.; Joines, William T.] Duke Univ, Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Palmer, W. Devereux] US Army, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Keller, SD (reprint author), Duke Univ, Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. FU Army Research Office [W911NF-04-D-0001] FX We thank Richard Cory and Michael Owens of Skyworks Solutions for conducting impedance measurements for the SMP1340 PIN diode that was incorporated into the model in this paper. We also thank the Army Research Office for their past and continued support of this project under Agreement Number W911NF-04-D-0001, Delivery Order 0003. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-4244-0877-1 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2007 BP 4064 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHS60 UT WOS:000255973402198 ER PT S AU Stapp, JP AF Stapp, Joshua P. GP IEEE TI Comprehensive troubleshooting architecture for the M777 A1/A2 via an IADS IETM SO 2007 IEEE AUTOTESTCON, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE Autotestcon LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 42nd Annual AUTOTESTCON Conference CY SEP 17-20, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD SP IEEE Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc, IEEE Instrumentat & Measurement Soc AB This paper describes the overall theory and architecture used in integrating the M777 A1/A2 Digital Fire Control System's Automated Troubleshooting into its Interactive Electronic Technical Manual. By incorporating the diagnostic software into the technical manual we were able to create a synergy that allowed for many advantages over stand alone applications. However, accomplishing this task required some ingenuity and the exploitation of some of the features available in the IETM viewer. C1 USA, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07823 USA. RP Stapp, JP (reprint author), USA, ARDEC, 4th Ave Bldg 91, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07823 USA. EM joshua.p.stapp@us.army.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1088-7725 BN 978-1-4244-1238-9 J9 IEEE AUTOTESTCON PY 2007 BP 706 EP 711 DI 10.1109/AUTEST.2007.4374288 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA BHI79 UT WOS:000253448600095 ER PT S AU Houser, J Zong, L AF Houser, Jeff Zong, Lei GP IEEE TI The ARL Multi-Modal Sensor: A research tool for target signature collection, algorithm validation, and emplacement studies SO 2007 IEEE CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION AND PATTERN RECOGNITION, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition CY JUN 17-22, 2007 CL Minneapolis, MN SP IEEE, hp invent, INI-GraphicsNet, VIOSO AB The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has a significant program involving the development of UGS (Unattended Ground Sensors) that addresses a variety of military and government missions. ARL's program involves practically every aspect of sensor development including devices, detection and fusion algorithms, communications, and command and control. One element of the ARL UGS program involves the development of low cost sensing techniques for the urban environment and one embodiment of this effort is the Multi-Modal Sensor (MMS). The program objectives of this effort were to develop a networked personnel detection sensor with the following major criteria: low cost in volume production, support for MOUT (Military Operations in Urban Terrain) missions, and employ non-imaging sensor diversity techniques. The AIMS sensor was an early prototype intended to demonstrate that low cost sensing techniques were suitable for the urban environment and a viable alternative to higher cost and fidelity sensors for some applications. The MMS is used today as a demonstration system and a test bed for many facets of urban sensing. This chapter will describe many aspects of the MMS design including: hardware, software, and communications. The detection algorithms will also be described including the collection of target signatures and validation of algorithm performance. Finally, MMS usage in a force protection application will be described including issues encountered when integrating into a larger system. C1 [Houser, Jeff; Zong, Lei] USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Houser, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM jhouser@arl.army.mil; lzong@arl.army.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1063-6919 BN 978-1-4244-1179-5 J9 PROC CVPR IEEE PY 2007 BP 3923 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGT02 UT WOS:000250382807082 ER PT B AU Thompson, CC Peyton, SH Arno, RG AF Thompson, Christopher C. Hale, Peyton S., Jr. Arno, Robert G. GP IEEE TI Determining system and subsystem availability requirements: Resource planning and evaluation SO 2007 IEEE CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS-TECHNICAL CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/IAS Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference CY MAY 06-11, 2007 CL Edmonton, CANADA SP IEEE, IAS AB When using an availability centered plan, a design develops that most appropriately matches the requirements of the facility, maximizing the effectiveness of resources. An availability centered plan serves to recognize subsystems that have specialized needs - needs that are unique from the remainder of the facility. In so doing, resources can be applied only where necessary, helping to optimize and prioritize the designs. C1 [Thompson, Christopher C.; Hale, Peyton S., Jr.] US Army Corps Engn, Special Missions Off, PREP, 10115 Gridley Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. [Arno, Robert G.] Alion Sci & Technol, I-13440 Rome, Italy. RP Thompson, CC (reprint author), US Army Corps Engn, Special Missions Off, PREP, 10115 Gridley Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1290-7 PY 2007 BP 86 EP + PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BHS46 UT WOS:000255942600013 ER PT B AU Armstrong, HL Jayaratna, N Dodge, RC AF Armstrong, Helen L. Jayaratna, Nimal Dodge, Ronald C. GP IEEE TI Evaluating an IA virtual network education program SO 2007 IEEE INFORMATION ASSURANCE WORKSHOP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Information Assurance Workshop CY JUN 20-22, 2007 CL W Point, NY SP IEEE DE information security education; information assurance education; VIAN project; curriculum evaluation; efficacy; efficiency; effectiveness; evaluation framework IA curricula AB This paper presents a case study on the application of an evaluation framework for education programs (NIMSAD(1)) to an information assurance education program utilizing a virtual network environment (VIAN). The discussion considers elements relating to the education process, the education practice, and the educators as project teams. Consideration of technical, educational and human elements are also included. C1 [Armstrong, Helen L.] Curtin Univ Technol, Sch Informat Syst, Perth, WA 6001, Australia. [Jayaratna, Nimal] Manchester Metropolitan Univ, Div Business Informat Technol, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Dodge, Ronald C.] US Mil Acad, ITOC Res Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Armstrong, HL (reprint author), Curtin Univ Technol, Sch Informat Syst, Perth, WA 6001, Australia. EM H.Armstrong@curtin.edu.au; nimal@mmu.ac.uk; Ronald.Dodge@usma.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1303-4 PY 2007 BP 36 EP + DI 10.1109/IAW.2007.381911 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BGT44 UT WOS:000250408300006 ER PT B AU Dunlop, MW Perng, G Andersen, DG AF Dunlop, Matthew W. Perng, Ginger Andersen, David G. GP IEEE TI SWAP: Shared Wireless Access Protocol (using reciprocity) SO 2007 IEEE INFORMATION ASSURANCE WORKSHOP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Information Assurance Workshop CY JUN 20-22, 2007 CL W Point, NY SP IEEE DE community wireless; reciprocity; wireless security AB Wireless access points are becoming more and more prominent in the home, yet there is no incentive to encourage access point owners to share their service. We introduce SWAP, a lightweight protocol that uses reciprocity to motivate users to share service. Each node participating in SWAP stores perishable receipts that are used to calculate a user's rating (how much the user shares his or her access point). SWAP does not use a centralized authority to store or validate receipts nor does it place an excessive burden on peers. SWAP is also robust against collusion, which we show through analysis and implementation. As demonstrated by an implementation of the most computationally expensive portions of the protocol, SWAP imposes little overhead even on mobile devices. C1 [Dunlop, Matthew W.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Perng, Ginger; Andersen, David G.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Dunlop, MW (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1303-4 PY 2007 BP 191 EP + DI 10.1109/IAW.2007.381932 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BGT44 UT WOS:000250408300027 ER PT B AU Bertozzi, M Broggi, A Del Rose, M Felisa, M AF Bertozzi, M. Broggi, A. Del Rose, M. Felisa, M. GP IEEE TI A symmetry-based validator and refinement system for pedestrian detection in far infrared images SO 2007 IEEE INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems CY SEP 30-OCT 03, 2007 CL Bellevue, WA SP IEEE AB This paper presents a refinement and validation stage for a tetra-vision based pedestrian detection system. The complete system is based on the use of both visible and far infrared cameras; in an initial phase it produces a list of areas of attention in the images which can contain pedestrians. Starting from the assumption that human shapes are mostly symmetrical and feature a number of vertical edges, the symmetry and edge density content of these areas is computed. The results is used to filter the list, discarding areas of attention that feature a scarce symmetry content. At the same time, the size of each area is refined to match the symmetry content and therefore to better adapt to human shapes. Moreover, this module can be successfully used to partition areas that contains two or more human shapes. C1 [Bertozzi, M.; Broggi, A.; Felisa, M.] Univ Parma, Dip Ing Informaz, I-43100 Parma, Italy. [Del Rose, M.] US Army TARDEC, Warren, MI USA. RP Bertozzi, M (reprint author), Univ Parma, Dip Ing Informaz, I-43100 Parma, Italy. FU European Research Office of the U. S. Army [N62558-05-P-0380] FX This work has been supported by the European Research Office of the U. S. Army under contract number N62558-05-P-0380. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1395-9 PY 2007 BP 415 EP + PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BHL12 UT WOS:000253972100071 ER PT B AU Bertozzi, M Broggi, A Gornez, CH Fedriga, RI Vezzoni, G Del Rose, M AF Bertozzi, M. Broggi, A. Gornez, C. Hilario Fedriga, R. I. Vezzoni, G. Del Rose, M. GP IEEE TI Pedestrian detection in far infrared images based on the use of probabilistic templates SO 2007 IEEE INTELLIGENT VEHICLES SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium CY JUN 13-15, 2007 CL Istanbul, TURKEY SP IEEE ID VISION; MOTION AB This article presents a validator stage for a pedestrian detection system based on the use of probabilistic models for the infrared domain. Four different models are employed in order to recognize the pose of the pedestrians; open, almost open, almost closed and fully closed legs are detected. In an attempt to overcome the drawbacks of template-matching in far infrared images, two different approaches are proposed. The algorithm has been tested on an experimental vehicle in different situations and a Receiver Operating Characteristic has been computed. C1 [Bertozzi, M.; Broggi, A.; Fedriga, R. I.; Vezzoni, G.] Univ Parma, Dip Ingn Informaz, VisLab, I-43100 Parma, Italy. [Gornez, C. Hilario] Univ Carlos III Madrid, Intelligent Syst Lab, E-28903 Getafe, Spain. [Del Rose, M.] US Army TARDEC, Warren, MI USA. RP Bertozzi, M (reprint author), Univ Parma, Dip Ingn Informaz, VisLab, I-43100 Parma, Italy. FU European Research Office of the U. S. Army [N62558- 05-P-0380]; University Carlos III of Madrid FX This work has been supported by the European Research Office of the U. S. Army under contract number N62558- 05-P-0380.; Ms. Hilario thanks the fellowship awarded by the University Carlos III of Madrid for her stay at Parma. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1067-5 PY 2007 BP 1013 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BHC37 UT WOS:000252173600169 ER PT S AU Misra, S Tong, L AF Misra, Saswat Tong, Lang GP IEEE TI Error exponents for target-class detection with nuisance parameters SO 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH, AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOL II, PTS 1-3 SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY APR 15-20, 2007 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE error exponent; Gauss-Markov model; Neyman-Pearson detection; adaptive test AB We study the target class detection performance of a sensor network having a structured topology. The target is in the far-field of the network, located at a distance gamma and angle 0, and produces a random signal field that is sampled by sensors. It is assumed that samples have a correlation structure and power level that depend on gamma, 0 and the target's class i, i is an element of {0, 1}. We study the Neyman-Pearson miss probability error exponent for this scenario using large deviations theory. When (gamma, 0) is known, we characterize the properties of the error exponent as a function of signal and design parameters. When (gamma, 0) has at least one unknown component, we use the theory of adaptive tests [2] to prove that there exists a test that achieves the same error exponent as if (gamma, 0) were known in some scenarios, but that there exists no such test in others. C1 [Misra, Saswat] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Tong, Lang] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. RP Misra, S (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM smisra@arl.army.mil; ltong@ece.cornell.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2007 BP 845 EP + PG 2 WC Acoustics; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Acoustics; Computer Science; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGO02 UT WOS:000248908100212 ER PT S AU Qu, FZ Yang, LQ Swami, A AF Qu, Fengzhong Yang, Liuqing Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI Battery power efficiency of PPM and OOK in wireless sensor networks SO 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH, AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOL III, PTS 1-3, PROCEEDINGS SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY APR 15-20, 2007 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE battery; power efficiency; WSN; PPM; OOK ID CUTOFF RATE; DESIGN AB Sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are often expected to operate on batteries for a long period of time. Battery power-efficiency is a critical factor dictating the lifetime of WSNs. In this paper, we compare two pulse-based modulations, namely pulse position modulation (PPM) and on-off keying (OOK), both of which are suitable for WSNs due to their low complexity transceivers. The comparison is based on a general model that integrates typical WSN transmission and reception modules with realistic nonlinear battery models. We analyze and compare the battery power-efficiency of PPM and OOK using coherent detection, and with bit error rate (BER) and cutoff rate criteria. Our results reveal that in sparse WSNs, PPM is more battery power-efficient. In dense WSNs, OOK outperforms PPM. In addition, the battery power-efficiency of OOK increases as the required cutoff rate decreases. C1 [Qu, Fengzhong; Yang, Liuqing] Univ Florida, Dept ECE, POB 116130, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Qu, FZ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept ECE, POB 116130, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jimqufz@ufl.edu; lqyang@ece.ufl.edu; a.swami@ieee.org RI Qu, Fengzhong/I-5189-2014 OI Qu, Fengzhong/0000-0003-2006-0951 NR 15 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2007 BP 525 EP + PG 2 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications SC Acoustics; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications GA BGN94 UT WOS:000248906600132 ER PT S AU Sadler, BM Huang, LL Xu, ZY AF Sadler, Brian M. Huang, Lili Xu, Zhengyuan GP IEEE TI Ziv-Zakai time delay estimation bound for ultra-wideband signals SO 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH, AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOL III, PTS 1-3, PROCEEDINGS SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY APR 15-20, 2007 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE ultra-wideband; time delay estimation; Ziv-Zakai bound; Weiss-Weinstein bound ID PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; FUNDAMENTAL LIMITATIONS; SYSTEMS AB The Ziv-Zakai bound (ZZB) provides a general mean-square error analytical baseline to evaluate time delay estimation (TDE) techniques for a wide range of time-bandwidth products and signal-to-noise ratios, but generally can only be numerically evaluated. The Weiss-Weinstein bound (WWB) further improves characterization of the attainable system performance, for narrowband and wideband signals with small to moderate fractional bandwidth. Similar to the WWB, here we find a simplified closed-form ZZB for TDE with ultra-wideband (UWB) signals. The resulting simplified bound is found over disjoint segments, separated by thresholds that characterize different regions of ambiguity. The closed-form simplified bound can be analytically studied, and approaches both the ZZB and the TDE performance of a maximum likelihood estimator. C1 [Sadler, Brian M.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Huang, Lili; Xu, Zhengyuan] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Elect Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Sadler, BM (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM bsadler@arl.army.mil; dxu@ee.ucr.edu FU U. S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program [DAAD19-01-2-0011] FX This work was supported in part by the U. S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0011. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2007 BP 549 EP + PG 2 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications SC Acoustics; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications GA BGN94 UT WOS:000248906600138 ER PT S AU Anandkumar, A Tong, L Swami, A AF Anandkumar, Animashree Tong, Lang Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI Detection of Gauss-Markov random field on nearest-neighbor graph SO 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH, AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOL III, PTS 1-3, PROCEEDINGS SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY APR 15-20, 2007 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE signal detection; Gaussian processes; Markov processes; error analysis; graph theory AB The problem of hypothesis testing against independence for a Gauss-Markov random field (GMRF) with nearest-neighbor dependency graph is analyzed. The sensors measuring samples from the signal field are placed IID according to the uniform distribution. The asymptotic performance of Neyman-Pearson detection is characterized through the large-deviation theory. An expression for the error exponent is derived using a special law of large numbers for graph functionals. The exponent is analyzed for different values of the variance ratio and correlation. It is found that a more correlated GMRF has a higher exponent (improved detection performance) at low values of the variance ratio, whereas the opposite is true at high values of the ratio. C1 [Anandkumar, Animashree; Tong, Lang] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Anandkumar, A (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM aa332@cornell.edu; ltong@ece.cornell.edu; a.swami@ieee.org FU U. S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance [DAAD19-01-2-0011]; National Science Foundation [CNS-0435190] FX This work was supported in part through the collaborative participation in the Communications and Networks Consortium sponsored by the U. S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0011 and by the National Science Foundation under Contract CNS-0435190 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2007 BP 829 EP + PG 2 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications SC Acoustics; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications GA BGN94 UT WOS:000248906600208 ER PT S AU Zhao, Q Swami, A AF Zhao, Qing Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI A survey of dynamic spectrum access: Signal processing and networking perspectives SO 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH, AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOL IV, PTS 1-3 SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY APR 15-20, 2007 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE dynamic spectrum access; spectrum property rights; spectrum commons; spectrum underlay; spectrum overlay; opportunistic spectrum access AB In this paper, we provide a survey of dynamic spectrum access techniques. Various approaches envisioned for dynamic spectrum access are broadly categorized under three models: dynamic exclusive use model, open sharing model, and hierarchical access model. Based on this taxonomy, we provide an overview of the technical challenges and recent advances under each model. C1 [Zhao, Qing] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhao, Q (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM qzhao@ece.ucdavis.edu; aswami@arl.army.mil FU Army Research Laboratory CTA on Communication and Networks [DAAD19-01-2-0011]; National Science Foundation [CNS-0627090, ECS-0622200] FX This work was supported by the Army Research Laboratory CTA on Communication and Networks under Grant DAAD19-01-2-0011 and by the National Science Foundation under Grants CNS-0627090 and ECS-0622200. NR 49 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2007 BP 1349 EP + PG 3 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Acoustics; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BGO04 UT WOS:000248909200338 ER PT S AU Chang, CCG Snyder, WE Wang, C AF Chang, Chih-Chieh Geoff Snyder, Wesley E. Wang, Cliff GP IEEE TI A new relaxation labeling architecture for secure localization in sensor networks SO 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS, VOLS 1-14 SE IEEE International Conference on Communications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2007) CY JUN 24-28, 2007 CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND SP IEEE AB In this paper, a new strategy is proposed to defend against colluding malicious nodes in a sensor network. The new strategy is based on a new relaxation labeling algorithm to classify nodes into benign or malicious ones. Only reports from benign nodes can then be used to perform localization and obtain accurate results. Experimental results based on simulations and field experiments illustrate the performance of the algorithm. C1 [Chang, Chih-Chieh Geoff; Snyder, Wesley E.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Wang, Cliff] US Army Res Off, Durham, NC USA. RP Chang, CCG (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM geoff_chang@ncsu.edu; wes@ncsu.edu; cliff.wang@us.army.mil FU United States Army Research Office [W911NF-04-D-003] FX This project is supported by United States Army Research Office grant W911NF-04-D-003. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-3607 BN 978-1-4244-0352-3 J9 IEEE ICC PY 2007 BP 3076 EP + DI 10.1109/ICC.2007.511 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BIA16 UT WOS:000257882502034 ER PT S AU Chang, CCG Snyder, WE Wang, C AF Chang, Chih-Chieh Geoff Snyder, Wesley E. Wang, Cliff GP IEEE TI Secure tracking in sensor networks SO 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS, VOLS 1-14 SE IEEE International Conference on Communications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2007) CY JUN 24-28, 2007 CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND SP IEEE ID TARGET TRACKING AB Target tracking is a canonical issue in sensor networks research. However, tracking security has gained little or no attention. Once a sensor node is compromised, it will be able to inject false location information into the network, and those nodes receiving such information will suffer greatly in terms of tracking precision. This paper, to the best of our knowledge, is the first to explore the topic of security in the context of Bayesian tracking for sensor networks. We propose to activate more than one nodes at each time step, and use a relaxation labeling algorithm to detect malicious nodes whose reports are then removed. Simulations based on both linear and nonlinear motion models demonstrate that out algorithm works better than simply averaging over the results based on the redundant sets of nodes. C1 [Chang, Chih-Chieh Geoff; Snyder, Wesley E.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Wang, Cliff] US Army Res Off, Durham, NC USA. RP Chang, CCG (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM geoff_chang@ncsu.edu; wes@ncsu.edu; cliff.wang@us.army.mil FU United States Army Research Office [W911NF-04-D-003] FX This project is supported by United States Army Research Office grant W911NF-04-D-003. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-3607 BN 978-1-4244-0352-3 J9 IEEE ICC PY 2007 BP 3082 EP + DI 10.1109/ICC.2007.512 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BIA16 UT WOS:000257882502035 ER PT S AU Torrieri, D Cheng, S Valenti, MC AF Torrieri, Don Cheng, Shi Valenti, Matthew C. GP IEEE TI Robust frequency-hopping system for channels with interference and frequency-selective fading SO 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS, VOLS 1-14 SE IEEE International Conference on Communications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2007) CY JUN 24-28, 2007 CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND SP IEEE ID ITERATIVE DEMODULATION; MODULATION AB A robust frequency-hopping system with noncoherent detection, iterative turbo decoding and demodulation, and channel estimation is presented. The data modulation is the spectrally compact nonorthogonal continuous-phase frequency-shift keying, which strengthens the frequency-hopping system against multiple-access interference and multitone jamming. An analysis based on information theory provides the optimal values of the modulation index when there is a bandwidth constraint. The channel estimator, which is derived by applying the expectation-maximization algorithm, accommodates both frequency-selective fading and interference. Simulation experiments demonstrate the excellent system performance against partial-band interference. C1 [Torrieri, Don] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Cheng, Shi] ArrayComm LLC, San Jose, CA USA. [Valenti, Matthew C.] West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Torrieri, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. EM dtorr@arl.army.mil; shic@csee.wvu.edu; mvalenti@csee.wvu.edu OI Valenti, Matthew/0000-0001-6089-0509 NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-3607 BN 978-1-4244-0352-3 J9 IEEE ICC PY 2007 BP 4481 EP + DI 10.1109/ICC.2007.740 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BIA16 UT WOS:000257882503035 ER PT S AU Boncelet, C Marvel, L AF Boncelet, Charles Marvel, Lisa GP IEEE TI Steganalysis of +/- 1 embedding using lossless image compression SO 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE International Conference on Image Processing ICIP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2007) CY SEP 16-19, 2007 CL San Antonio, TX SP IEEE AB We present a method for detecting steganography using +/- 1 embedding. The method uses a lossless compression technique to compress the last two bitplanes in an effort to model the image structure where the data may be hidden. A small number of statistics are then computed using the model and fed into a support vector machine to classify detection results. Results presented are obtained using k-fold cross-validation method using a large set of never compressed grayscale images. Detection results show improvement over current +/- 1 steganalysis methods. C1 [Boncelet, Charles] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Marvel, Lisa] US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Boncelet, C (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM boncelet@udel.edu; marvel@arl.army.mil FU NSF [AST-0442071] FX Supported by NSF Grant AST-0442071. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-4880 BN 978-1-4244-1436-9 J9 IEEE IMAGE PROC PY 2007 BP 713 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BHJ22 UT WOS:000253487200179 ER PT S AU Lucero, A Cabrera, SD Vidal, E AF Lucero, Aldo Cabrera, Sergio D. Vidal, Edward, Jr. GP IEEE TI On the use of JPEG 2000 to achieve minimum L-infinity error when specifying a compression ratio SO 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE International Conference on Image Processing ICIP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2007) CY SEP 16-19, 2007 CL San Antonio, TX SP IEEE DE JPEG 2000; 3-D coding; EBCOT; near-lossless; MAE; residual coding AB In this paper, minimization of the maximum absolute error (MAE) is achieved under a JPEG 2000 framework when a compression ratio is specified. The process is founded on our recent JPEG 2000-based algorithm for minimizing bit rate for a desired MAE using a residual coding approach [1-3] that uses the EBCOT coder separately. This type of algorithm uses the lossy and lossless capabilities of JPEG 2000 to achieve a desired MAE or a desired total bit rate. The technique to achieve the lowest MAE possible for a specified average bit rate is developed here for application to 3-D scientific data sets. Lossy compression is applied to the original data, while lossless compression is employed on the quantized residuals (the difference between the original and the lossy decompressed data). The lowest MAE is achieved by optimizing the allocation of the desired total bit rate between the two contributing rates corresponding to the lossy and the lossless compression steps. The methodology for achieving minimum MAE and results for 3-D meteorological data are presented here. C1 [Lucero, Aldo; Cabrera, Sergio D.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Vidal, Edward, Jr.] US Army, Res Lab, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. RP Lucero, A (reprint author), Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-4880 BN 978-1-4244-1436-9 J9 IEEE IMAGE PROC PY 2007 BP 925 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BHJ22 UT WOS:000253487200232 ER PT S AU Nasrabadi, NM AF Nasrabadi, Nasser M. GP IEEE TI Regularized spectral matched filter for target detection in hyperspectral imagery SO 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE International Conference on Image Processing ICIP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2007) CY SEP 16-19, 2007 CL San Antonio, TX SP IEEE DE spectral matched filter; regularization; shrinkage; hyperspectral imagery AB This paper describes a new adaptive spectral matched filter that incorporates the idea of regularization (shrinkage) to penalize and shrink the filter coefficients to a range of values. The regularization has the effect of restricting the possible matched filters (models) to a subset which are more stable and have better performance than the non-regularized adaptive spectral matched filters. The effect of regularization depends on the form of the regularization term and the amount of regularization is controlled by so called the regularization coefficient. Experimental results for detecting targets in hyperspectral imagery are presented for regularized and non-regularized spectral matched filters. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Nasrabadi, NM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-4880 BN 978-1-4244-1436-9 J9 IEEE IMAGE PROC PY 2007 BP 1801 EP 1804 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BHJ22 UT WOS:000253487201210 ER PT S AU Gurfinkel, M Kim, J Potbhare, S Xiong, HD Cheung, KP Suehle, J Bernstein, JB Shapira, Y Lelis, AJ Habersat, D Goldsman, N AF Gurfinkel, M. Kim, Jinwoo Potbhare, S. Xiong, H. D. Cheung, K. P. Suehle, J. Bernstein, J. B. Shapira, Yoram Lelis, A. J. Habersat, D. Goldsman, N. GP IEEE TI Characterization of interface and bulk oxide traps in SiC MOSFETs with epitaxialy grown and implanted channels SO 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATED RELIABILITY WORKSHOP FINAL REPORT SE IEEE International Integrated Reliability Workshop Final Report LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Integrated Reliability Workshop CY OCT 15-18, 2007 CL S Lake Tahoe, CA SP IEEE C1 [Gurfinkel, M.; Shapira, Yoram] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Elect Engn, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Gurfinkel, M.; Kim, Jinwoo; Potbhare, S.; Bernstein, J. B.; Goldsman, N.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gurfinkel, M.; Kim, Jinwoo; Xiong, H. D.; Cheung, K. P.; Suehle, J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Semicond Elect Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Lelis, A. J.; Habersat, D.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gurfinkel, M (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Elect Engn, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. EM moshegur@post.tau.ac.il NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-8841 BN 978-1-4244-1171-9 J9 INT INTEG REL WRKSP PY 2007 BP 111 EP 113 DI 10.1109/IRWS.2007.4469233 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BHL73 UT WOS:000254145100023 ER PT S AU McCarron, M Azimi-Sadjadi, MR Wichern, G Mungiole, M AF McCarron, Michael Azimi-Sadjadi, Mahmood R. Wichern, Gordon Mungiole, Michael GP IEEE TI An operationally adaptive system for rapid acoustic transmission loss prediction SO 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON NEURAL NETWORKS, VOLS 1-6 SE IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Joint Conference on Neural Networks CY AUG 12-17, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE ID ATMOSPHERE; MODELS AB An operationally adaptive (OA) system for prediction of acoustic transmission loss (TL) in the atmosphere is developed in this paper. This system uses expert neural network predictors, each corresponding to a specific range of source elevation. The outputs of the expert predictors are combined using a performance-aware weighting mechanism and a nonlinear fusion system. Using this prediction methodology the computational intractability of traditional acoustic models is eliminated. The proposed system is tested on a synthetically generated acoustic data set for a wide range of geometric, source, and environmental conditions. C1 [McCarron, Michael; Azimi-Sadjadi, Mahmood R.; Wichern, Gordon] Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Mungiole, Michael] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP McCarron, M (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM az-imi@engr.colostate.edu; mmungiole@arl.army.mil FU DoD Center; Geosciences/Atmospheric Research at Colorado State University [W91 INF-06-2-0015]; Army Research Laboratory FX This research was supported by the DoD Center for Geosciences/Atmospheric Research at Colorado State University under Cooperative Agreement W91 INF-06-2-0015 with the Army Research Laboratory. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2161-4393 BN 978-1-4244-1379-9 J9 IEEE IJCNN PY 2007 BP 2262 EP + DI 10.1109/IJCNN.2007.4371310 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BHM64 UT WOS:000254291102031 ER PT S AU Gurfinkel, M Suehle, J Bernstein, JB Shapira, Y Lelis, AJ Habersat, D Goldsman, N AF Gurfinkel, M. Suehle, J. Bernstein, J. B. Shapira, Yoram Lelis, A. J. Habersat, D. Goldsman, N. GP IEEE TI Ultra-fast characterization of transient gate oxide trapping in SiC MOSFETs SO 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL RELIABILITY PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS - 45TH ANNUAL SE International Reliability Physics Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 45th Annual IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium CY APR 15-19, 2007 CL Phoenix, AZ SP IEEE DE silicon carbide; tbreshold voltage instability; post oxidation annealing ID MOBILITY AB One of the most important issues that limits the performance and reliability of SiC power MOSFETs is the threshold voltage and drain current instability under normal operation conditions. This phenomenon has been recently studied using conventional dc measurements. In this work, we studied the threshold voltage and drain current instability in state-of-the-art 4H-SiC MOSFETs using fast I-V measurements. Fast I-V measurements reveal the full extent of the instability, underestimated by the dc measurements. Furthermore, fast measurements allow the separation of negative and positive bias stress effects. Post oxidation annealing in NO was found to passivate the oxide traps and dramatically reduce instability. A physical model involving fast transient charge trapping and detrapping at and near the SiC/SiO2 interface is proposed. C1 [Gurfinkel, M.; Shapira, Yoram] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Elect Engn, IL-66978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Gurfinkel, M.; Bernstein, J. B.; Goldsman, N.] Univ Maryland, Parks Coll, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gurfinkel, M.; Suehle, J.] NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Lelis, A. J.; Habersat, D.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gurfinkel, M (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Elect Engn, IL-66978 Tel Aviv, Israel. EM moshegur@post.tau.ac.il FU NIST Office of Microelectronics Programs FX We would like to thank Cree, Inc. for supplying the samples for this work. This work was funded by the NIST Office of Microelectronics Programs. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1541-7026 BN 978-1-4244-0918-1 J9 INT RELIAB PHY SYM PY 2007 BP 462 EP + DI 10.1109/RELPHY.2007.369934 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Computer Science; Engineering; Physics GA BGH49 UT WOS:000246989600075 ER PT S AU Corron, NJ Hayes, ST Pethel, SD Blakely, JN AF Corron, Ned J. Hayes, Scott T. Pethel, Shawn D. Blakely, Jonathan N. GP IEEE TI Reverse-time chaos from a randomly driven filter SO 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS, VOLS 1-11 SE IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems CY MAY 27-30, 2007 CL New Orleans, LA SP IEEE AB A linear filter driven by a random signal is shown to generate a waveform that is chaotic under time reversal. That is, the waveform exhibits determinism and a positive Lyapunov exponent when viewed backward in time. The filter is realized in a passive electronic circuit, and the resulting waveform exhibits a Lorenz-like butterfly structure. This method for generating chaotic waveforms may be useful for a number of potential applications, including spread-spectrum communication and ultra-wideband (UWB) radar. The filter also demonstrates that chaos may be connected to physical theories beyond those described by deterministic nonlinear dynamical systems. C1 [Corron, Ned J.; Hayes, Scott T.; Pethel, Shawn D.; Blakely, Jonathan N.] USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Corron, NJ (reprint author), USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. OI Blakely, Jonathan/0000-0002-9772-582X; Corron, Ned/0000-0002-3232-5024 NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0271-4302 BN 978-1-4244-0920-4 J9 IEEE INT SYMP CIRC S PY 2007 BP 205 EP 208 DI 10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378312 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications GA BGZ68 UT WOS:000251608400052 ER PT B AU Coburn, WO Ly, C Weiss, S AF Coburn, William O. Ly, Canh Weiss, Steven GP IEEE TI Patch antenna modeling issues using commercial software SO 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY: WORKSHOP AND TUTORIAL NOTES, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility CY JUL 08-13, 2007 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE, EMC Soc AB The Method of Moments, implemented in 2.5-D for multilayer antenna structures, or implemented as a fully 3-D solution of Maxwell's equations, is a popular method for microwave antenna simulations. Commercial software was used to simulate an aperture-coupled patch and a pin-fed patch antenna element. The simulation results are compared with experimental data measured for antenna prototypes having finite substrate and ground plane dimensions. The aperture coupled patch has microstrip feed line extending to the edge of the substrate where a coaxial connector is installed between the microstrip and ground plane. The pin-fed patch has coaxial connector feed with finite size ground plane and radome without dielectric substrates. A 3-D simulation is used to capture the effect of a finite ground plane compared to a 2.5-D model. The calculated and measured antenna performance are compared indicating that the 2.5-D simulations are sufficient for the design of conventional patch antennas but detailed analysis or novel designs may require a fully 3-D model. C1 [Coburn, William O.; Ly, Canh; Weiss, Steven] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Coburn, WO (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1349-2 PY 2007 BP 111 EP 117 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL51 UT WOS:000254096000021 ER PT S AU Marvel, L Henz, B Boncelet, C AF Marvel, Lisa Henz, Brian Boncelet, Charles GP IEEE TI A performance study of +/- 1 steganalysis employing a realistic operating scenario SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE ID GRAYSCALE IMAGES AB We present results of an experiment to detect the presence of I embedding in digital images employing a realistic operating scenario. The 1 embedding steganography (also known as LSB matching) is simple to implement but not easy to detect. Many of the results presented in the literature to date demonstrate detection performance for a system that has been trained on a particular type of image, camera and/or embedding rate. In real world operations these parameters may not be known. In this paper, we begin by comparing our previously developed steganalysis method to others in the literature using an identical image data set and assuming a known embedding rate. We show that the performance of our technique compares favorably to the state of the art. Subsequently, we demonstrate the impact on our steganography detector when the embedding rate is not known or mismatched. Our experiments show the range of performance degradation that is incurred from training the detector with a mismatched embedding rate. We then build a global detector that is trained using images with several steganographic embedding rates. Results show a small decrease in performance when employing the global detector. In most cases the performance of the global detector performs better than other embeddingrate-mismatched detectors for the suspect images. C1 [Marvel, Lisa; Henz, Brian] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Boncelet, Charles] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Marvel, L (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM marvel@arl.army.mil; bhenz@arl.army.mil; boncelet@udel.edu FU NSF [AST-0442071] FX We are grateful to Miroslav Goljan of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, SUNY Binghamton for providing a copy of the image library used in his publications. Without it, accurate comparison of our method would not have been possible. In addition, we would also like to acknowledge that Professor Boncelet was supported by NSF Grant AST-0442071 for the work on this paper. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 133 EP + PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160000023 ER PT S AU Chiang, CYJ Levin, G Gottlieb, YM Chadha, R Li, S Poylisher, A Newman, S Lo, R Izzo, W AF Chiang, Cho-Yu J. Levin, Gary Gottlieb, Yitzchak M. Chadha, Ritu Li, Shihwei Poylisher, Alex Newman, Scott Lo, Richard Izzo, William GP IEEE TI An automated policy generation system for mobile ad hoc networks SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB In this paper, we describe an approach(1) to the problem of automated policy generation for mobile ad hoc networks. The automated policy generation problem is difficult in its own right. It becomes even more challenging when the context environment to consider is a mobile ad hoc network. We designed an optimization-based, utility-driven approach aimed at generating optimal policies with respect to the given network objectives. The main novelty of this approach is in the combination of optimization heuristics and network simulation to solve the problem. We describe this approach, present the software architecture of our implementation, and illustrate this approach with a case study on automated generation of DiffServ-based QoS policies for a 50-node mobile ad hoc network. C1 [Chiang, Cho-Yu J.; Levin, Gary; Gottlieb, Yitzchak M.; Chadha, Ritu; Li, Shihwei; Poylisher, Alex] Telcordia Technol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Newman, Scott; Lo, Richard] US Army, CERDEC, Fort Monmouth, NJ USA. [Izzo, William] Booz Allen Hamilton, Mclean, VA USA. RP Chiang, CYJ (reprint author), Telcordia Technol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory [DAAD19-01-C-0062] FX The research reported in this document/presentation was performed in connection with contract number DAAD19-01-C-0062 with the U.S. Army Research Laboratory. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as presenting the official policies or position, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Army Research Laboratory, or the U.S. Government unless so designated by other authorized documents. Citation of manufacturer's or trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use thereof. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 146 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160000025 ER PT S AU Xu, ZY Sadler, BM AF Xu, Zhengyuan Sadler, Brian M. GP IEEE TI Time delay estimation bounds in wideband random channels SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE DE Ziv-Zakai bound; time delay estimation; ultra-wideband; performance analysis ID SIGNAL PARAMETER-ESTIMATION AB Improved Ziv-Zakai bounds (ZZBs) on time delay estimation (TDE) in wideband random channels are developed. The mean-square error (MSE) bounds are independent of estimator bias and do not require regularity conditions. They assume a known transmitted signal with uniform prior on the delay in [0, T], and a tapped delay line random channel model. The taps are modeled as Gaussian, including non-zero mean and possible correlation between taps. The channel model may be tuned to a variety of environments through the choice of mean and covariance, and models wideband and ultra-wideband line of sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) cases. The bounds are derived for a given channel realization first, and then averaged over the random channel model. They reflect the impact of the random channel, bounding average MSE performance assuming perfect channel estimates are available to the receiver. Examples illustrate the impact of the key system, channel, and signal parameters. C1 [Xu, Zhengyuan] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Elect Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Xu, ZY (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Elect Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM dxu@ee.ucr.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil FU Army Research Laboratory CTA on Communications and Networks [DAAD19-01-2-0011] FX Manuscript received November 30, 2006; revised June 1, 2007. This work was supported in part by the Army Research Laboratory CTA on Communications and Networks under grant DAAD19-01-2-0011. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was Dr. Alle-Jan van der Veen NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 310 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160000051 ER PT S AU Xu, ZY Liu, N Sadler, BM AF Xu, Zhengyuan Liu, Ning Sadler, Brian M. GP IEEE TI A simple closed-form linear source localization algorithm SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE ID SENSOR-ARRAY; LOCATION; RANGE AB A closed-form linear solver is proposed to estimate a source location based on time difference of arrivals from the source measured by two neighboring sensors in a linear array. Those sensors are shown to be located at different foci of paired hyperbolas. Using a geometric representation of a hyperbola that is defined as the locus of points whose distance from the focus is proportional to the distance from a directrix, a set of linear equations for the x-coordinate of the source are derived, and subsequently the y-coordinate is solved from a set of equations describing Cartesian coordinates of source and sensors. The algorithm is applicable to both near-field and far-field scenarios without any approximation. It also enjoys simplicity and computational efficiency without the nonlinearity inherited from hyperbolic equations. The estimation error is characterized by the estimation performance of the time differences. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has a similar performance with the maximum-likelihood estimator at high signal to noise ratio. C1 [Xu, Zhengyuan; Liu, Ning] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Elect Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] AMSRD ARL CI CN, Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Xu, ZY (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Elect Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM dxu@ee.ucr.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil FU U. S. Army Research Laboratory [DAAD19-01-2-0011] FX This research was supported in part by the U. S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0011 NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 315 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160000052 ER PT S AU Torrieri, D Mukherjee, A Kwon, HM AF Torrieri, Don Mukherjee, Amitav Kwon, Hyuck M. GP IEEE TI EM channel estimation for iterative DS-CDMA receiver using LDPC codes with M-ary modulation SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB This paper proposes an iterative pilot-symbol-aided direct-sequence code-division multiple-access receiver. The receiver uses a regular low-density parity-check (LDPC) code, iterative demodulation and decoding, and iterative estimators for the fading amplitude and noise power spectral density (PSD). The expectation-maximization channel-estimation Performance is analyzed for an additive white Gaussian noise channel as well as a Rayleigh fading channel. Pilot symbols are periodically distributed throughout each LDPC codeword followed by direct-sequence spreading and an M-ary modulation, e.g., quadriphase-shift keying. After initial estimates of the fading amplitude and noise PSD are obtained by using pilot information, subsequent values of these parameters are iteratively updated by using the soft feedback from the LDPC decoder. The updated fading amplitude and noise PSD estimates are iteratively passed to the LDPC decoder, which results in decoding performance close to that obtained with perfect channel knowledge. C1 [Torrieri, Don] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Mukherjee, Amitav; Kwon, Hyuck M.] Wichita State Univ, Wichita, KS 67260 USA. RP Torrieri, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM dtorr@arl.anny.mil; axrnukhejee@wichita.edu; hyuck.kwon@wichita.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 601 EP + PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160000094 ER PT S AU Staikos, A Bowcock, J Patel, M Simbol, J Yee, D Keehn, J AF Staikos, Aristides Bowcock, Jeffrey Patel, Mitesh Simbol, Jonathan Yee, David Keehn, Jeffrey GP IEEE TI Protecting premium traffic in colorless core backbone: Test results SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB End-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) in tactical military networks is crucial in order to protect premium traffic from non-premium traffic. Such networks will typically consist of end users on LANs at multiple security levels ("red" side) connecting to one common "colorless" or "black" backbone (WAN) via in-line network encryption (INE) devices. Having a colorless backbone simplifies network engineering and management burdens in otherwise having to maintain separate network architectures and insuring information does not flow between them. However, providing guaranteed QoS in such networks is not trivial due to policy restrictions which limit information sharing across ME devices. It is therefore assumed that vital information on the WAN side (such as topology and link bandwidth data), cannot be made known to the LAN side, where end-users reside. Our solution consists of dynamic queue management techniques in the colorless core network, working in conjunction with red-side admission control and preemption techniques, without violating security policy. In this paper we present results of testing the proposed solution. The testing was done in an environment consisting of LAN and WAN routers, surrogate INEs, redside admission/preemption controller, and our black-side queue management software platforms. Results presented show improvements in protecting premium traffic in terms of throughput, packet loss and jitter, as compared to static queue management techniques. The queue management technique, of which its testing is described here, has been implemented under the PILSNER program at US Army, CERDEC, S&TCD, Fort Monmouth, NJ. C1 [Staikos, Aristides; Bowcock, Jeffrey; Patel, Mitesh; Simbol, Jonathan; Yee, David; Keehn, Jeffrey] USA, CERDEC S&TCD, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Staikos, A (reprint author), USA, CERDEC S&TCD, Washington, DC 20310 USA. EM aristides.staikos@us.army.mil; jeffrey.bowcock@us.army.mil; mitesh.patel@us.army.mil; jonathan.simbol@us.army.mil; david.yee@us.army.mil; jeffrey.keehn@us.army.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 836 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160000129 ER PT S AU Staikos, A Bowcock, J Patel, M Simbol, J Yee, D Keehn, J AF Staikos, Aristides Bowcock, Jeffrey Patel, Mitesh Simbol, Jonathan Yee, David Keehn, Jeffrey GP IEEE TI Proactive Integrated Link Selection for Network Robustness (PILSNER) SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB This paper describes a research and development program called Proactive Integrated Link Selection for Network Robustness (PILSNER) that is being executed at the Communications-Electronics Research Development and Engineering Center (CERDEC), Ft. Monmouth, NJ The objective of PILSNER is to develop, mature and integrate networking technologies that will solve the issues of limited network reliability and connectivity, resulting from the inability to make optimal use of all available link types simultaneously. The PILSNER effort therefore focuses on the development of Pro-active Diverse Link Selection (PAD-LS) technologies, which enable automatic link selection based on network characteristics and mission objectives, over a heterogeneous multi-tiered, multi-link network, in order to bypass congestion and outages. The PAD-LS technologies are designed to proactively allocate and manage bandwidth over multiple transmission paths in order to provide a level of redundancy for assured network availability and connectivity. PAD-LS technologies will address issues related to optimal link selection, capturing link local information and neighbor link information across multi-hop connections, adaptive bandwidth management, IP Quality of Service, IP multicast, and functionality within a mobile tactical environment. Demonstration of these technologies shall be integrated and conducted with a variety of transmission media consistent with the projected Warfighter Information Network - Tactical (WIN-T) capabilities. PILSNER is part of the Tactical Mobile Networks (TMN) Advanced Technology Objective (Demonstration) (ATO(D)), and is scheduled to run from FY2006 through FY2009. C1 [Staikos, Aristides; Bowcock, Jeffrey; Patel, Mitesh; Simbol, Jonathan; Yee, David; Keehn, Jeffrey] USA, CERDEC S&TCD, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Staikos, A (reprint author), USA, CERDEC S&TCD, Washington, DC 20310 USA. EM aristides.staikos@us.army.mil; jeffrey.bowcock@us.army.mil; mitesh.patel@us.army.mil; jonathan.simbol@us.army.mil; david.yee@us.army.mil; jeffrey.keehn@us.army.mil NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 885 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160000136 ER PT S AU Mukhanov, O Hitt, D Littlefield, W Rittenbach, T AF Mukhanov, Oleg Hitt, Dick Littlefield, Wes Rittenbach, Thomas GP IEEE TI All Digital-RF SATCOM transceiver provides the modular open systems architecture required to meet HC3 GRA SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB Government software standards such as the Software Communications Architecture (SCA) have been proposed and are evolving to facilitate reuse and portability of both software waveforms and hardware. To date these steps have shown limited success in maximizing reuse and reducing costs for new applications. As a result, PM WIN-T HC3 has been defining a new modular Open Systems Architecture (OSA) that is designed to address these issues using a Government Reference Architecture (GRA) that provides for both hardware and software modularity and portability. An All Digital-RF transceiver design provides programmability and flexibility into a multiple band architecture that can be incorporated into modules that easily meet the HC3 GRA modular OSA requirement while providing many unique benefits. A system concept is presented which employs cryo-genically cooled superconductor microelectronic (SME) technology to enable a next-generation multiple band, multiple channel MILSATCOM system with the goal of achieving HC3 GRA modular OSA compliance simultaneously at frequencies covering the C, X, Ku, Ka and EHF bands. All Digital-RF technology brings revolutionary changes in the design and implementation of RF microwave electronics. For the first time, it becomes practical to implement high frequency RF functions in the digital domain - all accomplished with extreme low-noise performance and spectral purities with ultra-fast speeds otherwise unattainable with competing semiconductor technologies, analog or digital. These new Digital-RF "tools " lead directly to modular system designs that support multi-band and multi-channel operation from a single RF platform with much smaller antennas, increased capacities and flexibility. C1 [Mukhanov, Oleg; Hitt, Dick; Littlefield, Wes] Hypres Inc, 175 Clearbrook Rd, Elmsford, NY 10523 USA. [Rittenbach, Thomas] US Army, RDECOM, CERDEC, STCD, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. RP Mukhanov, O (reprint author), Hypres Inc, 175 Clearbrook Rd, Elmsford, NY 10523 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 1018 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160000155 ER PT S AU Hoekelek, I Fecko, MA Gurung, P Samtani, S Sucec, J Staikos, A Bowcock, J Zhang, Z AF Hoekelek, Ibrahim Fecko, Mariusz A. Gurung, Provin Samtani, Sunil Sucec, John Staikos, Aristides Bowcock, Jeffrey Zhang, Zhensheng GP IEEE TI Seamless soft randoff in wireless battlefield networks using local and remote LFAPS SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB We propose an innovative distributed agent-based architecture for a seamless multi-layer soft handoff protocol in wireless battlefield networks. Our architecture utilizes a proactive "make before break" approach by introducing the concept of pre-computed remote Loop-Free Alternate Paths (rLFAPs) on top of local LFAPs proposed by the IETF IP Fast-Reroute (IPFRR) framework. Each router pre-computes a set Of local and remote LFAPs which are maintained for protecting against adjacent and remote failures within multi-hop neighborhoods, respectively. Local LFAPs provide fast handoff while rLFAPs provide redundancy in case local LFAPs for a particular failure are not available. In the worst case, where IPFRR results in forming micro-loops due to inconsistent topology views of different routers, our solution completely prevents micro-loops for single failures and quickly converges to a loop-free path in case of multiple failures. C1 [Hoekelek, Ibrahim; Fecko, Mariusz A.; Gurung, Provin; Samtani, Sunil; Sucec, John] Telcordia Technologies Inc, Appl Res, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Staikos, Aristides; Bowcock, Jeffrey] US Army, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. [Zhang, Zhensheng] San Diego Res Ctr Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Hoekelek, I (reprint author), Telcordia Technologies Inc, Appl Res, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM ihokelek@research.telcordia.com; mfecko@research.telcordia.com; pgurung@research.telcordia.com; ssamtani@research.telcordia.com; sucecj@research.telcordia.com; Aristides.Staikos@us.army.mil; Jeffrey.Bowcock@us.army.mil; z.zhang@sdrcinc.net FU U.S. Army CERDEC programs Seamless Soft Handoff Protocols, [W15P7T-06-C-P820]; Proactive Integrated Link Selection for Network Robustness (PILSNER) [W15P7T-04-C-P022] FX Prepared through the U.S. Army CERDEC programs: Seamless Soft Handoff Protocols, contract W15P7T-06-C-P820, and Proactive Integrated Link Selection for Network Robustness (PILSNER), contract W15P7T-04-C-P022. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 1037 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160000158 ER PT S AU Nguyen, BQ AF Nguyen, Binh Q. GP IEEE TI The ARL Topodef tool for designing mobile Ad-hoc network topologies to support emulation SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB Emulating a mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) often calls for a way to specify a dynamic topology as a function of time. The development and evaluation of MANET technologies require a method to generate controllable topologies to ease experimentation with various scenarios. The US. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) developed the ARL Topdef(TM) topology-definition tool to meet this requirement. The tool enables the user to visually design and verify an ad-hoc topology by placing the participating nodes at exact locations and creating specific data-communication links. This paper provides an overview of two supported emulation environments, summarizes the design process, and documents some essential features and benefits of the tool and novel methods for creating desired dynamic topologies. The current use of the tool at various government and industrial laboratories attests to its relevancy, reliability, effectiveness, and usefulness. C1 [Nguyen, Binh Q.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Nguyen, BQ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 1188 EP 1193 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160000181 ER PT S AU Panagiotou, P Polydoros, A Oh, C AF Panagiotou, Prokopios Polydoros, Andreas Oh, Chul GP IEEE TI An efficient, PSP-based digital modulation classifier SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB This paper presents several methods that can be used for the design of an efficient, PSP-based digital modulation classifier. Such methods include: (a) an efficient Decision-Making Procedure that reaches a final decision in stages, (b) a reduced-complexity Feature-Generation Algorithm that generates the necessary discriminating metrics, (c) a method to calculate approximate thresholds that uses polynomial fitting techniques to establish a functional relationship between the threshold and the Signal-to-Noise Ratio. Selected performance simulation results presented herein demonstrate the validity of these methods for digital, memoryless modulation menus. C1 [Panagiotou, Prokopios] Helix Commun Technol Inc, Seal Beach, CA USA. [Polydoros, Andreas] TrellisWare Technol Inc, San Diego, CA USA. [Oh, Chul] US Army RDECOM, CERDEC, Fort Monmouth, NJ USA. RP Panagiotou, P (reprint author), Helix Commun Technol Inc, Seal Beach, CA USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 1225 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160000186 ER PT S AU Guo, BF Wang, Y Smart, P Shadbolt, N Nixon, MS Damarla, TR AF Guo, Baofeng Wang, Yi Smart, Paul Shadbolt, Nigel Nixon, Mark S. Damarla, T. Raju GP IEEE TI Approaching semantically-mediatedacoustic data fusion SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB Our primary hypothesis is that it should be possible to enrich data fusion by semantic processing, with wide potential application. In order to achieve our aim we need to represent the semantic data and enable reasoning about it in a framework that can be aligned with data fusion. Ontologies are most suited to this task as they allow for rich representation of data structure; some approaches include probabilistic representation. These can be aligned with data fusion approaches, such as Bayesian, which can fuse by including estimates of uncertainty. We shall describe our initial approaches towards establishing our hypothesis, including a survey of the enabling technologies, a description of application data (acoustic sensors, military scenario), and our new method of feature selection for acoustic data fusion. We also explore the semantic attributes and the representations that can be deployed for enrichment purposes, showing how ontologies can be used in this context. In these respects we shall show how we can approach enrichment of data fusion by semantic technologies, how this can capitalise on the current stock of techniques, and illustrate the potential benefits associated with this new approach. C1 [Guo, Baofeng; Wang, Yi; Smart, Paul; Shadbolt, Nigel; Nixon, Mark S.] Univ Southampton, Dept Elect & Comp Sci, Southampton SO9 5NH, Hants, England. [Damarla, T. Raju] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Guo, BF (reprint author), Univ Southampton, Dept Elect & Comp Sci, Southampton SO9 5NH, Hants, England. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 1279 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160000195 ER PT S AU Li, L Townsend, JK Uhnan, RJ AF Li, Liping Townsend, J. Keith Uhnan, Robert J. GP IEEE TI Performance of transmitted reference UWB communications with imperfect power control SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB Ultra-wideband (UWB) communications using transmitted reference (TR) have been studied in multiuser, multiuser environments under the assumption that interfering users have the same power as the desired user at the receiver. This assumption frequently does not hold in ad-hoc wireless communications where centralized power control is not employed due to survivability and complexity constraints. In this paper, we investigate the performance of UWB networks where transmitters in close proximity ("high-power") to a receiver cause significant interference with the desired signal due to the much larger power levels of these signals. To mitigate the detrimental effect of high-power users, a technique which is called chip discrimination is applied at the receiver. Both "standard" transmitted reference (STR) and differential transmitted reference (DTR) schemes for multipath channels are considered. Results show dramatic improvement in performance for TR systems using chip discrimination when compared to conventional reception without centralized power control. C1 [Li, Liping; Townsend, J. Keith] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Uhnan, Robert J.] US Army Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Li, L (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM lli4@ncsu.edu; jkt@ncsu.edu; robert.ulman@us.army.mil FU U.S. Army Research Office, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina [DAAD19-00-1-0004] FX This work was supported by The U.S. Army Research Office, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, under contract number DAAD19-00-1-0004. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 1321 EP + DI 10.1109/ICASIC.2007.4415880 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160000201 ER PT S AU Florio, MA Fisher, SJ Mittal, S Yaghmour, S Jansson, G Heuser, D Murray, PL Worthen, AP Cuevas, EG AF Florio, Michael A. Fisher, Susan J. Mittal, Shaum Yaghmour, Salim Jansson, Gerry Heuser, David Murray, Paul L. Worthen, Andrew P. Cuevas, Enrique G. GP IEEE TI Internet routing in space: Prospects and challenges of the IRIS JCTD SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB Recent technological advances coupled with the collaboration between government and industry will soon make it possible to include IP routers and IP modems on board a commercial geostationary communications satellite. The Internet Protocol Routing in Space (IRIS) Joint Capability Technology Demonstration (JCTD) will introduce a new network capability that is aimed at enhancing military network-centric operations through information access, collaboration and dissemination. This paper describes the IRIS vision and strategy, and the specific goals of the JCTD. It describes the network architecture and technology development aspects for deploying a combined router and modem function as part of a hosted payload within a commercial transponded satellite. C1 [Florio, Michael A.] USA, Force Space & Missile Syst Ctr, Washington, DC 20310 USA. [Fisher, Susan J.] US AF Space, Missile Syst Ctr SMC, Washington, DC 20310 USA. [Mittal, Shaum] Def Informat Syst Agcy DISA, Fort Meade, MA USA. [Yaghmour, Salim] Intelsat, Luxembourg, Luxembourg. [Jansson, Gerry] Intelsat Gen Corp, Mclean, VA USA. [Heuser, David] CISCO Syst Inc, San Jose, CA USA. [Murray, Paul L.] SEAKR Engn Inc, Englewood, CO USA. [Worthen, Andrew P.] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cuevas, Enrique G.] Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Appl Phys Lab, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RP Florio, MA (reprint author), USA, Force Space & Missile Syst Ctr, Washington, DC 20310 USA. FU IRIS JCTD FX We like to thank staff members from Booz Allen Hamilton, the Camber Corp., and the Aerospace Corp. who contributed to the preparation of this paper or provided valuable comments. We also like to thank Concerto Advisors, Inc. for supporting the IRIS JCTD NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 1523 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160001005 ER PT S AU Somekh, O Simeone, O Bar-Ness, Y Su, W AF Somekh, Oren Simeone, Osvaldo Bar-Ness, Yeheskel Su, Wei GP IEEE TI Detecting the number of transmit antennas with unauthorized or cognitive receivers in MIMO systems SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE ID MODEL AB In work we consider one of the challenges facing receivers and cognitive radios since the appearance of MIMO system, which is detecting the number of transmit antennas. To achieves this goal, we present a detector based on objective information theoretic criteria (the celebrated AIC and MDL estimators). Numerical results derived for an ideal BLAST-like transmission demonstrate good performance already for mild SNR conditions and majority decision based on rather few independent measurements. C1 [Somekh, Oren; Simeone, Osvaldo; Bar-Ness, Yeheskel] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, CWCSPR, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Su, Wei] US Army, RDECOM, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Somekh, O (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, CWCSPR, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RI Simeone, Osvaldo/Q-1673-2016 OI Simeone, Osvaldo/0000-0001-9898-3209 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 1614 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160001019 ER PT S AU Zhang, W Ma, XL Swami, A AF Zhang, Wei Ma, Xiaoli Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI Designing soft detectors based on Seysen's algorithm SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE ID LATTICE-REDUCTION AB Lattice reduction (LR) techniques have been applied to linear equalizers to improve their performance. Seysen's algorithm (SA) is an LR method which has been shown to have better performance than the well-documented LLL algorithm in many cases. However, no matter which LR method is adopted, there still exists a Performance gap between LR-aided and ML equalizers. To fill this gap, one could use soft detectors. In this paper, we first give a tree-search implementation of Seysen's method, which reduces the complexity of SA without sacrificing its performance. Based on this algorithm, an LR-aided soft detector is proposed to achieve better performance. The performance-complexity tradeoff of our proposed algorithms is also studied. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of our algorithms. C1 [Zhang, Wei; Ma, Xiaoli] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch ECE, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, W (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch ECE, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory; U.S. Army Research Office [W91 INF-06-1-0090, DAAD19-01-2-0011] FX This material is based on work supported by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the U.S. Army Research Office under grant no. W91 INF-06-1-0090 and through collaborative participation in the Collaborative Technology Alliance for Communications & Networks sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory under Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0011. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 1763 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160001043 ER PT S AU Torrieri, D Bakhru, K AF Torrieri, Don Bakhru, Kesh GP IEEE TI Indoor geolocation for military applications SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB Indoor geolocation is subject to much more stringent constraints for military applications than for commercial applications. The principal constraints that must be assumed are the absence of a map of the interior of the building, reference points inside the building, and any a priori information or data. The global positioning system (GPS), although potentially invaluable, must be assumed to be unavailable to maintain operational flexibility. This paper explores the possibility of using dead-reckoning and filtering alone to track a mobile's path inside a building. Kalman, particle, and grid filters are designed and tested with actual data to assess which filter type is the most suitable and the potential accuracy of the indoor geolocation method. C1 [Torrieri, Don] USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. [Bakhru, Kesh] Cubic Def Applicat, Washington, DC USA. RP Torrieri, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. EM dtorr@arl.army.mil; kesh.bakhru@cubic.com NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 1833 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160001054 ER PT S AU Torrieri, D Valenti, MC AF Torrieri, Don Valenti, Matthew C. GP IEEE TI Constellation labeling maps for low error floors SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE ID INTERLEAVED CODED MODULATION; DESIGN; BICM AB A constellation labeling map is the assignment of a bit pattern to each symbol in a signal-set constellation. in a system with bit-interleaved coded-modulation and iterative decoding and demodulation (BICM-ID), the error floor of the bit error rate is highly dependent on the labeling map. A simple class of labeling maps that significantly lower the error floors is presented. Examples show the applications of the proposed mapping to phase-shift keying (PSK), quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and continuous-phase frequency-shift keying (CPFSK). Simulation results indicate that the proposed labeling maps are comparable to or better than other labeling maps in providing a low error floor. A major advantage of the proposed labeling maps is that they are easily generated. C1 [Torrieri, Don] USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. [Valenti, Matthew C.] West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Torrieri, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. EM dtorr@arl.army.mil; mvalenti@csee.wvu.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 1877 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160001061 ER PT S AU Sucec, J Fecko, M Unger, J Samtani, S Staikos, A AF Sucec, John Fecko, Mariusz Unger, John Samtani, Sunil Staikos, Aristides GP IEEE TI Planning robust and scalable OSPF domains for future battlefield networks SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB Automated network planning utilities will potentially perform an important role in optimizing the performance of future battlefield networks (FBNs). Among the network planning goals is the design of scalable routing domains that accommodate 100s or even 1000s of nodes. Of particular interest is the design of scalable routing domains based on the widely-deployed Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol which is anticipated to also see deployment in FBNs. In an OSPF-routed network, the OSPF domain is scaled to large node counts through the creation of a two-level area hierarchy. To automate the design of an OSPF area hierarchy, the Dynamic Domain Optimization Agent (DDOA) has been developed as part of the U.S. Army CERDEC (Proactive Integrated Link Selection for Network Robustness) (PILSNER) program. Earlier work reported for DDOA demonstrated its ability to compute OSPF designs that simultaneously satisfy multiple design objectives and constraints. This paper presents novel new heuristics that have been implemented for DDOA to ensure that the multi-objective design challenge is satisfied for the lifetime of a mission even in the presence of time-varying network conditions such as dynamic node arrivals/departures and node mobility. Preliminary proof-of-concept results are reported herein to demonstrate that the DDOA extensions can yield OSPF area designs which are robust in dynamic network environments. C1 [Sucec, John; Fecko, Mariusz; Unger, John; Samtani, Sunil] Telcordia Technol, Appl Res, 1 Telcordia Dr, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Staikos, Aristides] US Army, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Sucec, J (reprint author), Telcordia Technol, Appl Res, 1 Telcordia Dr, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. FU U.S. Army CERDEC [W15P7T-04-C-P022] FX This material was based upon work supported by U.S. Army CERDEC under Contract No. W15P7T-04-C-P022 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 1957 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160001073 ER PT S AU Zhou, CM Guo, N Sadler, BM Qiu, RC AF Zhou, Chenming Guo, Nan Sadler, Brian M. Qiu, Robert C. GP IEEE TI Performance study on time reversed impulse MIMO for UWB communications based on measured spatial UWB channels SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE ID FILTER AB UWB technology is generally limited to short range applications, due to the strong power limitations imposed by Federal Communications Commission (FCC). In this paper we propose to use MIMO combined with Time Reversal (TR) technology to increase its transmission distance. The performance of such a UWB-MIMO-TR system is analyzed, considering a simple one correlator receiver. Performance comparisons are made among the scenarios of SISO-TR, MISO-TR, and MIMO-TR. The results show that a UWB-MIMO-TR system can achieve a huge power gain, depending on the antenna numbers employed at both the transmitter and the receiver, but still keeps low complexity at the receiver. The performance analysis is based on realistic channels measured in an office environment. C1 [Zhou, Chenming; Guo, Nan; Qiu, Robert C.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Mfg Res, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] US Army Res Lab, AMSRD ARL CI CN, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhou, CM (reprint author), Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Mfg Res, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. EM czhou21@tntech.edu; nguo@tntech.edu; bsadier@arl.army.mil; rqiu@tntech.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-07-1-0529]; National Science Foundation [ECS-0622125]; Army Research Laboratory, the Army Research Office [W91 INF-06-1-0349]; DURIP [W91 INF-05-1-011 1] FX This work is funded by the Office of Naval Research through a grant (N00014-07-1-0529), National Science Foundation through a grant (ECS-0622125), the Army Research Laboratory, the Army Research Office through a STIR grant (W91 INF-06-1-0349), and a DURIP grant (W91 INF-05-1-011 1). NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 2045 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160001087 ER PT S AU Geirhofer, S Sun, JZ Tong, L Sadler, BM AF Geirhofer, Stefan Sun, John Z. Tong, Lang Sadler, Brian M. GP IEEE TI CMAP: A real-time prototype for cognitive medium access SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB In this paper we present CMAP, a real-time prototype for Cognitive Medium Access (CMA). We have previously proposed CMA as a protocol that enhances coexistence with a set of independently evolving WLAN bands by constraining collisions. Based on a time-slotted physical layer, the cognitive radio uses a sense-before-transmit strategy to control its medium access. We further employ a model-based design approach to predict the WLAN's transmission behavior and reduce collisions. In this paper we present the implementation of the real-time prototype CMAP. The cognitive radio consists of a high-performance DSP/FPGA board as well as a commercial radio frontend for the 2.4GHz ISM band. The performance of CMAP shows an excellent fit with analytical and simulation results solidifying our previous work. In addition, we use CMAP to measure its dynamic impact on the WLAN. C1 [Geirhofer, Stefan; Sun, John Z.; Tong, Lang] Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Geirhofer, S (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM sg355@comefl.edu; jzs3@comefl.edu; lt35@comefl.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 2266 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160001121 ER PT S AU Shi, M Bar-Ness, Y Su, W AF Shi, Miao Bar-Ness, Yeheskel Su, Wei GP IEEE TI Adaptive estimation of the number of transmit antennas SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE ID WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AB In this paper, a new method is proposed to adaptively estimate the number of transmit antennas in cognitive radios and surveillance systems. It employs Schur complement to test the linearly independence of the new coming data with the previous data set. chi(2) test is conducted based on the statistics of Schur complement variable. Last, Monte Carlo simulation is employed to test the performance of the estimator under different scenarios. C1 [Shi, Miao; Bar-Ness, Yeheskel] New Jersey Inst Technol, Ctr Wireless Commun & Signal Proc Res ECE Dept, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Su, Wei] US Army, RDECOM CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Shi, M (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Ctr Wireless Commun & Signal Proc Res ECE Dept, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 2375 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160001137 ER PT S AU Misra, S Swami, A Chen, B AF Misra, Saswat Swami, Ananthram Chen, Biao GP IEEE TI Decision fusion in large sensor networks using partially coherent and noncoherent strategies SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE DE wireless sensor networks; distributed detection; decision fusion; phase synchronization; fading channels ID CORRELATED LOCAL DECISIONS; DECENTRALIZED DETECTION; CHANNELS; PERFORMANCE AB We study the performance of partially coherent and noncoherent fusion rules in a distributed sensor network. We assume that sensors communicate their local (binary) decisions over a Rayleigh flat-fading channel to a central fusion center and treat separately the cases where the channel gain is known and unknown. Our analysis is motivated by the case that the channel signal to noise ratio (SNR) is low and the number of sensor observations is large. For partially coherent strategies, we assume that the residual phase error is described by the Tikhonov probability distribution function. We use the Central Limit Theorem to characterize the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and the Deflection performance of this network. Our study is carried out using analytic techniques complemented by numerical simulations. Our main contribution is an analysis that allows the system designer to determine the level of phase asynchrony that must be present before noncoherent strategies outperform partially coherent ones. C1 [Misra, Saswat; Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, 2800 Power Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Chen, Biao] Syracuse Univ, Dept EECS, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RP Misra, S (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Power Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM smisra@arl.army.mil; a.swami@ieee.org; bichen@ecs.syr.edu NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 2485 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160001154 ER PT S AU Qu, FZ Duan, DL Yang, LQ Swami, A AF Qu, Fengzhong Duan, Dongliang Yang, Liuqing Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI Signaling with imperfect channel state information: A battery power efficiency comparison SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE ID WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS; CUTOFF RATE AB Due to complexity considerations, pulse-based modulations such as pulse position modulation (PPM) and on-off keying (OOK) are well suited for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) since they provide the possibility of carrier-less signaling and, more importantly, non-coherent reception bypassing channel estimation at the receiver In this paper, we compare PPM and OOK in terms of their battery power efficiencies (BPE), using a nonlinear battery model, and under the same bandwidth efficiency and cutoff rate constraints. Cutoff rate is employed as our comparison criterion because it leads to a tractable analysis that is often impossible through direct evaluation of random coding exponent or capacity. In addition, cutoff rate gives a universal expression for both coherent and non-coherent detection by simply setting different channel state information (CSI) qualities. Our system model integrates typical WSN transmission and reception modules with realistic nonlinear battery models. Circuit power consumption, DC/DC converter efficiency and power amplifier efficiency are also taken into consideration. Our analytical results characterize the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) - cutoff rate - CSI region where PPM (OOK) is more power efficient than OOK (PPM). We provide an interpretation in terms of transmission range and symbol set size. Numerical results verify the analysis. C1 [Qu, Fengzhong; Duan, Dongliang; Yang, Liuqing] Univ Florida, Dept ECE, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Qu, FZ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept ECE, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jimqufz@ufl.edu; dd185@ufl.edu; lqyang@ece.ufl.edu; a.swami@ieee.org RI Qu, Fengzhong/I-5189-2014 OI Qu, Fengzhong/0000-0003-2006-0951 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-07-1-0868]; Army Research Office [W911NF-07-D-0001] FX This work is in part supported by Office of Naval Research under Grant N00014-07-1-0868, and the Army Research Office under Contract W911NF-07-D-0001. Parts of the results in this paper have been presented at Military Communications Conference (MILCOM), Orlando, FL, October 2931, 2007. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 2896 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160001217 ER PT S AU Cheng, S Valenti, MC Torrieri, D AF Cheng, Shi Valenti, Matthew C. Torrieri, Don GP IEEE TI Coherent and multi-symbol noncoherent CPFSK: Capacity and code design SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE ID CONTINUOUS-PHASE MODULATION; REPEAT-ACCUMULATE CODES; CHANNELS AB The capacity of coded continuous-phase frequency-shift keying (CPFSK) is found for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels under the assumption that the symbols at the modulator input are independent and uniformly distributed. Two forms of reception are considered, coherent detection and multi-symbol noncoherent block detection. Calculating the coherent capacity of CPFSK is facilitated by considering the system as a finite-state Markov channel. A methodology is proposed for designing systems that approach the capacity by using an irregular repeat-accumulate (IRA) code. The code is optimized directly from the system's EXIT chart by using linear programming to determine the optimal variable-node degree distribution. Results are presented for a rate 1/2 MSK system that is within 0.43 dB and 0.33 dB of the coherent and 4-symbol noncoherent capacities, respectively. C1 [Cheng, Shi; Valenti, Matthew C.] West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Torrieri, Don] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Cheng, S (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM shic@csee.wvu.edu; mvalentil@csee.wvu.edu; dtorrieri@arl.army.mil NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 2903 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160001218 ER PT S AU Hicks, J Rippon, J Gray, D Fritz, D Ruff, J Parikh, B Hannan, D AF Hicks, Jay Rippon, Jerry Gray, Daniel Fritz, David Ruff, Jeff Parikh, Bharath Hannan, Dan GP IEEE TI Transformational IP services over transponded SATCOM (TIPSOTS) SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB TIPSOTS provides a roadmap to transform existing link-based satellite networks into IP-based networks as part of integration into the Global Information Grid (GIG). TIPSOTS provides a Net-Centric operational capabilities using IP-packet switched bandwidth-on-demand based architecture. TIPSOTS architecture defines the various components that makeup the Wideband network and control in addition to developing standards for shared access IP modems for use over existing satellites including the Wideband Global SATCOM (WGS). TIPSOTS Services address capabilities needed for layer 3, the IP-packet layer, as IP-based networks require management above and beyond the capabilities of a layer 2 network. Such requirements, similar to those envisioned by the Transformational Satellite (TSAT) program, include demand assigned multiple access, QoS-based allocation of resources and constellation wide improvements in utilization through integrated network management. Additionally, the Army requires communication on the move (COTM) as part of their vision for "total information dominance". C1 [Hicks, Jay] USA, PM DCATS, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. [Hannan, Dan] Army Strateg Command, Colorado Springs, CO USA. [Parikh, Bharath] AASKI Technol Inc, Wayside, NJ USA. [Fritz, David] AASKI Technol Inc, Columbia, MD USA. RP Hicks, J (reprint author), USA, PM DCATS, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 3202 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160002030 ER PT S AU Kosut, O Turovsky, A Sun, J Ezovski, M Tong, L Whipps, G AF Kosut, Oliver Turovsky, Andrey Sun, John Ezovski, Matthew Tong, Lang Whipps, Gene GP IEEE TI Integrated mobile and static sensing for target tracking SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB Networks of low-power, low-cost, and widely distributed wireless sensor nodes are being envisioned and developed for many military applications including surveillance and localization. However, due to energy and communication constraints, combinations of static nodes (such as unattended ground sensors (UGS)) and mobile nodes (such as robotic ground vehicles (RGV) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)) are being used to expand or fill in coverage areas and reduce energy costs. A multi-chaser target tracking scenario is developed where mobile nodes, or chasers, use information provided by static nodes to infer the position of an intruder in the sensor grid. In large-scale sensor networks with mobile access, the communication range of static nodes may be limited by terrain and signal transmission energy. A drop-box static sensor architecture is developed to aid data propagation in such limited range networks. Chasers will "drop off" previously collected information about the target and retrieve new information stored in the static sensors. An algorithm is presented which takes advantage of this particular architecture. It is used to demonstrate that the drop-box nature of the static nodes improves performance. C1 [Kosut, Oliver; Turovsky, Andrey; Sun, John; Ezovski, Matthew; Tong, Lang] Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Whipps, Gene] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Kosut, O (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM oek2@cornell.edu; at329@cornell.edu; jzs3@cornell.edu; gme8@cornell.edu; lt35@cornell.edu; gwhipps@arl.army.mil FU U. S. Army Research Laboratory [DAAD19-01-2-0011] FX Prepared through collaborative participation in the Communications and Networks Consortium sponsored by the U. S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0011. The U. S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Gov- ernment purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 3247 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160002037 ER PT S AU Baras, JS Radosavac, S Theodorakopoulos, G Sterne, D Budulas, P Gopaul, R AF Baras, John S. Radosavac, Svetlana Theodorakopoulos, George Sterne, Dan Budulas, Peter Gopaul, Richard GP IEEE TI Intrusion detection system resiliency to byzantine attacks: The case study of wormholes in OLSR SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB In this paper we extend the work presented in [1], [2] by quantifying the effects of in-band wormhole attacks on Intrusion Detection Systems. More specifically, we propose a mathematical framework for obtaining performance bounds of Byzantine attackers and the Intrusion Detection System (IDS) in terms of detection delay. We formulate the problem of distributed collaborative defense against coordinated attacks in MANET as a dynamic game problem. In our formulation we have on the one hand a group of attackers that observe what is going on in the network and coordinate their attack in an adaptive manner On the other side, we have a group of defending nodes (the IDS nodes) that collaboratively observe the network and coordinate their actions against the attackers. Using extensions of the game theoretic framework of [3] we provide a mathematical framework for efficient identification of the worst attacks and damages that the attackers can achieve, as well as the best response of the defenders. This approach leads to quantifying resiliency of the routing-attack IDS with respect to Byzantine attacks. C1 [Baras, John S.; Radosavac, Svetlana; Theodorakopoulos, George] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20723 USA. [Sterne, Dan] Sparta Syst Inc, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Budulas, Peter; Gopaul, Richard] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Baras, JS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20723 USA. FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program [DAAD19-01-2-0011] FX Research supported by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0011. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 3471 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160002071 ER PT S AU Zheng, D Yao, YD Graff, C Cook, T AF Zheng, Di Yao, Yu-Dong Graff, Charles Cook, Trevor GP IEEE TI Two-tier slotted aloha in mobile ad hoc networks SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE ID WIRELESS NETWORKS AB Although cluster-based routing schemes are active research topics in mobile ad hoc networks (MANET), few people investigated the throughput of MANET under such schemes. This paper attempts to obtain throughput of a special cluster-based MANET in which the distance between each ordinary node and a cluster head is one hop. When the underlying media access control (MAC) protocol is slotted Aloha, we propose a model called two-tier aloha to describe such a communication scenario. In this model each cluster head is responsible for collecting data from the ordinary nodes in its cluster and forwarding data to a super cluster head. Channel contentions following slotted Aloha exist in communications from ordinary nodes to cluster heads and from cluster heads to the super cluster head We use a Markov chain to analyze this model and present an approach to obtain a theoretical network throughput. The theoretical results are validated through simulations. C1 [Zheng, Di; Yao, Yu-Dong] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. [Graff, Charles; Cook, Trevor] US Army, RDECOM CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Zheng, D (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. EM dzheng@stevens.edu; yu-dong.yao@stevens.edu; charles.graff@us.army.mil; trevor.j.cook@us.army.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 3626 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160002094 ER PT S AU Ali, SR Wexler, RS Hoffmann, R AF Ali, Syed R. Wexler, Richard S. Hoffmann, Richard GP IEEE TI Soldier network extension (SNE) on-the-move satellite communications (SATCOM) for army tactical battalion-level network healing and thickening SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB This paper describes the scope and effort that were required in establishing the integrated communication architecture for the lower echelon Army tactical warfighter that needs networked services On-The-Move. One of the lessons learned from Iraq and Afghanistan was the need for a more robust Beyond-Line-of-Sight (BLOS) communication capability between the lower Army echelon Land Warriors, Squad Leaders, Platoon Leaders, Company Commanders and the Battalion Commanders. These lower echelon units currently rely on radios that are propagation range constrained to the Line-Of-Sight (LOS) distance between the radios. The tactical communications radios that currently service the lower echelon Army units currently are dominated by Combat Network Radios (CNRs) that are dominated by the Enhanced Position Location Reporting System (EPLRS) and the Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System (SINCGARS). The BLOS communications capability of the SNE combined with its ability to communicate OTM will help to close the communication gap existing between the various tactical legacy radio networks. This shortfall was identified by a TRADOC study, and need for a low cost Single Integrated Transport System (SITS) was suggested The basic requirements for providing this lower echelon communications solution include: Interface compatibility requirements with future networking systems Potential for interoperability with higher echelons Baseband compatibility requirements with existing digitized lower echelon units Information Assurance (IA)lEncryption Requirements At-The-Halt (ATH)/On-The-Move (OTM) Capabilities These requirements formed that basis of the Warfighter Information Network-Tactical (WIN-T) Soldier Network Extension (SNE) program. C1 [Ali, Syed R.] Janus Res Inc, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. [Wexler, Richard S.] Mitre Corp, Eatontown, NJ 07724 USA. [Hoffmann, Richard] US Army, PM WIN T, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Ali, SR (reprint author), Janus Res Inc, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 3630 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160002095 ER PT S AU Viall, KE AF Viall, Kenneth E. GP IEEE TI Scatterable sensor networks for network centric warfare applications SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB This paper investigates the utility of realistic, time and scale-constrained sensor networks in cooperation with semi-autonomous robots as envisioned in future Network-Centric Warfare. The particular application chosen is a net-worked minefield based roughly on the United States Military Family of Scatterable Mines (FASCAM) with similar emplacement and planning techniques. Algorithms for sensor network operation and sensor network control are provided. Simulation results for sleep and wake cycles and energy consumption indicate that sleep logic based on hop distance from a minefield event provide the best energy savings. C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Viall, KE (reprint author), USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 3647 EP 3653 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160002098 ER PT S AU Graff, C AF Graff, Charles GP IEEE TI Advances in ad hoc network design - The Network Engineering Design and Analysis Toolset (NEDAT) SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB This paper describes the input requirements and major attributes of the Network Engineering Design and Analysis Toolset (NEDAT). The NEDAT is an engineering oriented toolset that will produce valid and optimized, mobile ad hoc network designs based on input requirements and goals. The NEDAT prototype is currently at SAL 2/3 and is focused on capacity optimization for mobile ad hoc networks and has achieved excellent performance results for 30 nodes, 100 nodes, and 1000 nodes. During FY07, it is expected that the NEDAT achieve the SRL 4/5 level of maturityfor both functional and performance goals. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC STCD, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Graff, C (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC STCD, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 3709 EP 3715 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160002107 ER PT S AU Wong, J Dunnegan, R Gupta, D Kirichenko, D Dotsenko, V Webber, R Miller, R Mukhanov, O Hitt, R AF Wong, Jack Dunnegan, Rick Gupta, Deepnarayan Kirichenko, Dmitri Dotsenko, Vladimir Webber, Robert Miller, Robert Mukhanov, Oleg Hitt, Richard GP IEEE TI High performance, all digital RF receiver tested at 7.5 gigahertz SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB Wireless applications would be less expensive, more flexible, and more robust if they had more digital and less analog circuitry. The problem is implementing digital signal processing at radio frequencies. Conventional data converters (ADCs and DACs) and digital circuits are simply not fast enough, especially at SATCOM frequencies. However, superconductors can provide ultra fast mixed signal and digital circuits with the linearity and dynamic range required for true direct, digital-RF processing. These superconducting circuits are digital ICs based on Josephson junctions and "rapid-single-flux-quantum" logic (RSFQ), where simple circuit switching speeds up to 750 GHz have been demonstrated. This permits direct conversion between analog RF and digital baseband signals, replacing frequency and protocol-specific analog hardware with flexible digital processors. HYPRES recently developed and delivered an X-band All Digital RF Receiver (XADR) prototype system for the US Army CERDEC and PM DCATS. The concept of this ADR is to replace the entire analog RF receive chain between the antenna and the baseband demodulator with a high performance digital RF equivalent. The first XADR prototype system has been successfully demonstrated at the Joint SATCOM engineering Center (JSEC). End to end link testing, over the satellite has been successfully completed using an existing AN/GSC-39 X-band earth terminal, an XTAR satellite, the X-band ADR and a SATCOM modem. C1 [Wong, Jack; Dunnegan, Rick] USA, RDECOM CERDEC S&TCD, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. [Gupta, Deepnarayan; Kirichenko, Dmitri; Dotsenko, Vladimir; Webber, Robert; Miller, Robert; Mukhanov, Oleg; Hitt, Richard] Hypres Inc, Elmsford, NY USA. RP Wong, J (reprint author), USA, RDECOM CERDEC S&TCD, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. FU CERDEC Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR); Project Manager Defense Communications Army Transmissions System (PM DCATS) FX The work was supported in part by CERDEC Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Contracts, and by the Project Manager Defense Communications Army Transmissions System (PM DCATS). The authors thank Mr. John Deewall for his encouragement and support. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 3732 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160002111 ER PT S AU Herold, D Griffiths, L Fung, TY AF Herold, David Griffiths, Lance Fung, Tat Y. GP IEEE TI Lightweight, high-bandwidth conformal antenna system for ballistic helmets SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB Current military radio antennas for man-portable radios suffer from bandwidth, pattern, overall gain limitation and covertness. A number of helmet antenna designs will be analyzed and demonstrated in the bands of interest of 750-870 MHz, and 1350-2700 MHz. The helmet antenna solutions use conductive ink printing techniques to realize antenna elements that are conformal to the helmet's shape. The solutions are highly integrated into the helmet and other equipment on the soldier head for a helmet antenna system with negligible or no equipment weight gain. The design of the antenna system will take into account of the electromagnetic coupling of the head, torso and other soldier equipment on the performance of the antenna system. A Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) study will ensure safety for the user. C1 [Herold, David] SI2 Technol Inc, N Billerica, MA USA. [Griffiths, Lance] Commun L3 CSW, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Fung, Tat Y.] CERDEC, US Army RDECOM, Fort Monmouth, NJ USA. RP Herold, D (reprint author), SI2 Technol Inc, N Billerica, MA USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 3748 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160002114 ER PT S AU Rastogi, D Ganu, S Zhang, Y Trappe, W Graff, C AF Rastogi, Devashish Ganu, Sachin Zhang, Yanyong Trappe, Wade Graff, Charles GP IEEE TI A comparative study of AODV and OLSR on the ORBIT testbed SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB Though ad hoc network routing protocols, such as AODV and OLSR, have been extensively studied through simulations, there have been fewer evaluations of their software protocol implementations on real network testbed deployments. Consequently, validating the protocol functionality and performance on an actual experimental platform is imperative in order to understand relative merits or limitations under different network conditions. In this paper, we present our initial experimental evaluations of the publicly available AODV and OLSR implementations on the national Open Access Research Testbed (ORBIT) for Next Generation Wireless Networks. We focused on the implementation issues involved in porting these protocols on an open-access testbed as well as the behavior of the proctols on the tested. Finally, we also looked at maximum achievable throughput using these protocols under different settings. Our preliminary observations indicate that in a static scenario, these two protocols can achieve comparable throughput, with AODV offering better stability than OLSR. C1 [Rastogi, Devashish; Ganu, Sachin; Zhang, Yanyong; Trappe, Wade] Rutgers State Univ, WINLAB, Technol Ctr New Jersey, N Brunswick, NJ 08902 USA. [Graff, Charles] US Army RDECOM, CERDEC STCD, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Rastogi, D (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, WINLAB, Technol Ctr New Jersey, N Brunswick, NJ 08902 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 3754 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160002115 ER PT S AU Mayer, MS Chan, KF Grillo, B Thomas, E AF Mayer, Mitchell S. Chan, Kwai Fang Grillo, Bob Thomas, Edward GP IEEE TI IPv6 - From concept to field trials SO 2007 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2007) CY OCT 29-31, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE AB IPv6 is the next generation of the Internet Protocol and has been mandated by the Office of Management and Budget throughout Federal agencies, including the Department of Defense (DOD). This paper discusses the process of bringing IPv6 from an array of standards and transition documents to field testing in the CERDEC C4ISR OTM Experiment during the summer of 2007. The paper will discuss the development of the CERDEC IPv6 Laboratory and the process to go from concept to hardware. Where it is appropriate, conceptual ideas of new IPv6 features and performance will be compared to actual performance comparisons between IPv4 and IPv6 taken during this field experiment. C1 [Mayer, Mitchell S.; Chan, Kwai Fang] USA, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. [Grillo, Bob] SRI Int, Shrewsbury, NJ 07702 USA. [Thomas, Edward] Northrop Grumman Corp, Eatontown, NJ 07724 USA. RP Mayer, MS (reprint author), USA, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-1512-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2007 BP 3816 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHL80 UT WOS:000254160002124 ER PT S AU Darwish, AM Bayba, A Hung, HA AF Darwish, A. M. Bayba, A. Hung, H. A. GP IEEE TI FET gate length impact on reliability SO 2007 IEEE/MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST, VOLS 1-6 SE IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium CY JUN 03-08, 2007 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE MTTS DE FET; channel temperature; thermal resistance; gate length; reliability AB The constant need for higher speed continues to lead to shorter and shorter gate lengths. An analytical expression relating the reliability and gate length is developed. According to the model, the FET reliability degrades exponentially with decreasing gate length. Experimental observations support the model's conclusions. C1 [Darwish, A. M.; Bayba, A.; Hung, H. A.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Darwish, AM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-4244-0687-6 J9 IEEE MTT-S PY 2007 BP 311 EP 314 DI 10.1109/MWSYM.2007.380414 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BGV76 UT WOS:000250827400072 ER PT S AU Polcawich, RG Judy, D Pulskamp, JS Trolier-McKinstry, S Dubey, M AF Polcawich, Ronald G. Judy, Daniel Pulskamp, Jeffrey S. Trolier-McKinstry, Susan Dubey, Madan GP IEEE TI Advances in piezoelectrically actuated RF MEMS switches and phase shifters SO 2007 IEEE/MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST, VOLS 1-6 SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium CY JUN 03-08, 2007 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE MTTS DE RF MEMS; switch; piezoelectric; PZT; phase shifter AB This report presents results on recent advances in piezoelectric actuated radio frequency (RF) microelectromechanical system (MEMS) devices including a temperature insensitive RE MEMS series switch and the demonstration of a 2-bit MEMS phase shifter incorporating PZT switches. Using lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin films, modifications to our earlier designs resulted in a RF MEMS series switch operating at 10 V from -25 degrees C to 100 degrees C with better than 30 dB isolation and insertion loss less than 0.5 dB from DC to 50 GHz. In addition, a 17 GHz, 2-bit reflection phase shifter has been demonstrated with an average insertion loss of 2.96 dB using PZT shunt switches operating at 15 V. C1 [Polcawich, Ronald G.; Judy, Daniel; Pulskamp, Jeffrey S.; Dubey, Madan] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20855 USA. [Trolier-McKinstry, Susan] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Polcawich, RG (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20855 USA. FU Matthew Ervin of the Army Research Laboratory FX The authors wish to acknowledge the assistance and support of Richard Piekarz, John Conrad, Derwin Washington, Benjamin Huebschman, and Matthew Ervin of the Army Research Laboratory and Joel Martin of General Technical Services. The authors would also like to thank Roger Kaul, US Army Research Laboratory Emeritus Corps, for his many discussions regarding RF devices and circuits. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-4244-0687-6 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2007 BP 2074 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BGV76 UT WOS:000250827405054 ER PT B AU Zirnheld, J Burke, K Strzempka, P Kraus, A Donadio, MJ Sussmann, M Moore, H Singh, H AF Zirnheld, J. Burke, K. Strzempka, P. Kraus, A. Donadio, M. J. Sussmann, M. Moore, H. Singh, H. GP IEEE TI Geometrical effects of exploding film on plasma formation SO 2007 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 17-22, 2007 CL Albuquerque, NM SP IEEE, Sandia Natl Labs, Natl Secur Technologies, ICAR, Gen Atom Fus Energy Res, Ktech Corp, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Tera Anal Ltd, Tech X, Ultravolt, Major Tool & Machine, Voss Sci, BAE Syst, Saft, Diversified Technologies Inc, ABB, Axsys Technologies, Agilent Technologies, Appl Technologies Pulse Sci, TSP, Pulse Power Solut, LLC, e2v, Barth Elect Inc, Novacap, Lambda, Powerex, Strangenes Ind Inc, SBE, HV Component Associates, Field Precis AB Metallized polypropylene films (MPPF) can serve as an alternate for exploding wires in many applications. Compared to wires, MPPF is more structurally robust and can be shaped more easily for specific applications. If long films are desired, the film can be shaped to fit a variety of geometries. In our experiments, MPPF as along as 13" have exhibited plasma formation. Experiments were performed to analyze the effect of the geometry of the film, and its orientation on transient plasma formation. Tests with flat geometries and semi-circular geometries were conducted. The results have been analyzed and are presented. C1 [Zirnheld, J.; Burke, K.; Strzempka, P.; Kraus, A.] SUNY Buffalo, Energy Syst Inst, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. [Donadio, M. J.; Sussmann, M.; Moore, H.; Singh, H.] US Army, Adv Energy Armament Syst Ctr, RDECOM ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Zirnheld, J (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Energy Syst Inst, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. FU U.S. Army's Advanced Energy Armament Systems Center at RDECOM-ARDEC [DAAE30-03-1-0200] FX Effort sponsored by the U.S. Armys Advanced Energy Armament Systems Center at RDECOM-ARDEC, under grant number DAAE30-03-1-0200. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. Distribution statement A. Approved for public release. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0913-6 PY 2007 BP 24 EP + DI 10.1109/PPPS.2007.4651782 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Engineering; Physics GA BHJ74 UT WOS:000253619300004 ER PT B AU Sarjeant, WJ Halstead, A Hood, M Moore, H Singh, H Donadio, M Sussmann, M AF Sarjeant, W. J. Halstead, A. Hood, M. Moore, H. Singh, H. Donadio, M. Sussmann, M. GP IEEE TI Threshold arcing characteristics for pulsed exploding films SO 2007 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 17-22, 2007 CL Albuquerque, NM SP IEEE, Sandia Natl Labs, Natl Secur Technologies, ICAR, Gen Atom Fus Energy Res, Ktech Corp, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Tera Anal Ltd, Tech X, Ultravolt, Major Tool & Machine, Voss Sci, BAE Syst, Saft, Diversified Technologies Inc, ABB, Axsys Technologies, Agilent Technologies, Appl Technologies Pulse Sci, TSP, Pulse Power Solut, LLC, e2v, Barth Elect Inc, Novacap, Lambda, Powerex, Strangenes Ind Inc, SBE, HV Component Associates, Field Precis AB The exploding film phenomenon can exhibit a restrike, which is a high temperature, optically intense, transient plasma. Because of the characteristics of this plasma, it has a variety of applications including light sources, excitation of energetic materials, Z-pinches, and compositional analysis of materials. However, the proper conditions must exist in the initial stages of the phenomenon for this restrike to occur. A theory has been developed to predict the occurrence of restrike in aluminum coated films. By analyzing the relationship between the initial current density and the electric field associated with the event, threshold conditions necessary for the occurrence of restrike can be determined. With prediction capabilities comes greater efficiency in research and development of applications for exploding films. C1 [Sarjeant, W. J.; Halstead, A.; Hood, M.] SUNY Buffalo, Energy Syst Inst, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Sussmann, M.] US Army RDECOM ARDEC, Adv Energy Armament Syst Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA. RP Sarjeant, WJ (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Energy Syst Inst, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. FU U.S. Army's Advanced Energy Armament Systems Center at RDECOM-ARDEC [DAAE30-03-1-0200] FX Effort sponsored by the U.S. Armys Advanced Energy Armament Systems Center at RDECOM-ARDEC, under grant number DAAE30-03-1-0200. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. Distribution statement A. Approved for public release. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0913-6 PY 2007 BP 29 EP + DI 10.1109/PPPS.2007.4651783 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Engineering; Physics GA BHJ74 UT WOS:000253619300005 ER PT B AU MacDougall, F Ennis, J Yang, XH Schneider, M MacDonald, JR Fox, P Hopkins, T Jow, TR Ho, J Yen, SPS AF MacDougall, Fred Ennis, Joel Yang, Xiao Hui Schneider, Mark MacDonald, J. Ross Fox, Phil Hopkins, Tom Jow, T. Richard Ho, Janet Yen, S. P. S. GP IEEE TI The development and performance of high energy density capacitors SO 2007 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 17-22, 2007 CL Albuquerque, NM SP IEEE, Sandia Natl Labs, Natl Secur Technologies, ICAR, Gen Atom Fus Energy Res, Ktech Corp, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Tera Anal Ltd, Tech X, Ultravolt, Major Tool & Machine, Voss Sci, BAE Syst, Saft, Diversified Technologies Inc, ABB, Axsys Technologies, Agilent Technologies, Appl Technologies Pulse Sci, TSP, Pulse Power Solut, LLC, e2v, Barth Elect Inc, Novacap, Lambda, Powerex, Strangenes Ind Inc, SBE, HV Component Associates, Field Precis AB The US Army Research Laboratory has sponsored a capacitor development program for film dielectric capacitors that has yielded both superior capacitor performance and the ability to evaluate new polymers on a fast track. The performance of recently developed capacitors, projections for pulse power capacitors in the near term, and the development track for new polymers will be discussed as well as the ability to support efforts by both industry and academic researchers to bring new polymers to a finished film capacitor product quickly. C1 [MacDougall, Fred; Ennis, Joel; Yang, Xiao Hui; Schneider, Mark; MacDonald, J. Ross; Fox, Phil; Hopkins, Tom] Gen Atom Elect Syst Inc, 4949 Greencraig Lane, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. [Jow, T. Richard; Ho, Janet] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Yen, S. P. S.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP MacDougall, F (reprint author), Gen Atom Elect Syst Inc, 4949 Greencraig Lane, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory [W911QX-04-D-0003] FX Portions of the research reported in this document/presentation was performed in connection with contract W911QX-04-D-0003 with the U.S. Army Research Laboratory. The views and conclusions contained in this document/presentation are those o f the authors and should not be interpreted as presenting the official policies or position, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Army Research Laboratory or the U.S. Government unless so designated by other authorized documents. Citation of manufacturers or trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or appr oval of the use there of. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes not with standing any copyright notation here on. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0913-6 PY 2007 BP 278 EP + DI 10.1109/PPPS.2007.4651838 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Engineering; Physics GA BHJ74 UT WOS:000253619300060 ER PT B AU Crowley, T Shaheen, W Bayne, S Jow, R AF Crowley, Tim Shaheen, William Bayne, Stephen Jow, Richard GP IEEE TI Testing of high energy density capacitors SO 2007 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 17-22, 2007 CL Albuquerque, NM SP IEEE, Sandia Natl Labs, Natl Secur Technologies, ICAR, Gen Atom Fus Energy Res, Ktech Corp, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Tera Anal Ltd, Tech X, Ultravolt, Major Tool & Machine, Voss Sci, BAE Syst, Saft, Diversified Technologies Inc, ABB, Axsys Technologies, Agilent Technologies, Appl Technologies Pulse Sci, TSP, Pulse Power Solut, LLC, e2v, Barth Elect Inc, Novacap, Lambda, Powerex, Strangenes Ind Inc, SBE, HV Component Associates, Field Precis AB The U. S. Army Research Lab (ARL) is investigating the capabilities of high energy density capacitors at narrow pulse widths from two different manufacturers for high current pulsed power applications. Breakthroughs in this technology would allow smaller capacitor storage to be possible while retaining the same capabilities. The discharge pulse widths of the test shots were between thirteen and fourteen microseconds. These pulse widths were taken from the fall wave half maximum pulse width (FWHM). Both capacitors are rated for 12.5 kJ of energy and are 250 mu F but have different volumes. The General Atomics Capacitors (GA-ESI 38982, 38994) have a total energy density of 1.3 J/cc while the manufacturer B's capacitor has an energy density of 0.64 J/cc. Both General Atomics' and manufacturer B's capacitors are polypropylene metallized film capacitors. While energy density is a major concern for our tests; attributes such as peak current, rise time, and high voltage lifetime were other factors to be considered. ARL is collaborating directly with General Atomics to help provide input and data in order to improve all properties of their capacitors. C1 [Crowley, Tim; Shaheen, William; Bayne, Stephen; Jow, Richard] Army Res Lab Attn, Berkley Res Assoc, AMSRI SE DE, AMSRI SE DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Crowley, T (reprint author), Army Res Lab Attn, Berkley Res Assoc, AMSRI SE DE, AMSRI SE DC, 2800 Powder Mill Rd Adelphi, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0913-6 PY 2007 BP 357 EP 360 DI 10.1109/PPPS.2007.4651858 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Engineering; Physics GA BHJ74 UT WOS:000253619300080 ER PT B AU Yim, JH Ayan, H Pappas, D Vasilets, VN Fridman, A Palmese, GR AF Yim, J. H. Ayan, H. Pappas, D. Vasilets, V. N. Fridman, A. Palmese, G. R. GP IEEE TI Functionalization of polymers using N-2 pulsed dielectric barrier discharge SO 2007 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 17-22, 2007 CL Albuquerque, NM SP IEEE, Sandia Natl Labs, Natl Secur Technologies, ICAR, Gen Atom Fus Energy Res, Ktech Corp, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Tera Anal Ltd, Tech X, Ultravolt, Major Tool & Machine, Voss Sci, BAE Syst, Saft, Diversified Technologies Inc, ABB, Axsys Technologies, Agilent Technologies, Appl Technologies Pulse Sci, TSP, Pulse Power Solut, LLC, e2v, Barth Elect Inc, Novacap, Lambda, Powerex, Strangenes Ind Inc, SBE, HV Component Associates, Field Precis ID ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE; PLASMA TREATMENT; SURFACE-TREATMENT; POLYETHYLENE; DEGRADATION; POLYOLEFINS; CORONA; XPS; AIR AB Surface treatment of polymers using plasma has been widely used for purposes of enhancing the adhesion and wettability of the material through the inclusion of polar functional groups. Through the use of atmospheric pulsed-dielectric barrier discharges (DBD), ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) films were treated with nitrogen gas to introduce nitrogen-containing groups on the surface for improved adhesion properties. To avoid the effect of oxidative degradation during plasma treatments, various treatment times and nitrogen gas flow-rates were used to achieve higher uptake of N-containing species over that of O-containing species. Surface analysis techniques - attenuated total reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and contact angle measurements were used to study variations in the surface energy and chemical composition. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) has been applied to identify and characterize key chemical species present in the N-2-DBD plasma. C1 [Yim, J. H.; Palmese, G. R.] Drexel Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, 3141 Chestnut St,CAT 288, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Ayan, H.; Vasilets, V. N.; Fridman, A.] Drexel Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mech, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Pappas, D.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Yim, JH (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, 3141 Chestnut St,CAT 288, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RI Vasilets, Victor/I-2643-2014 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0913-6 PY 2007 BP 582 EP + DI 10.1109/PPPS.2007.4651910 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Engineering; Physics GA BHJ74 UT WOS:000253619300132 ER PT B AU O'Brien, H Shaheen, W Bayne, SB Hull, BA Agarwal, AK AF O'Brien, H. Shaheen, W. Bayne, S. B. Hull, Brett A. Agarwal, A. K. GP IEEE TI Pulse evaluation of high voltage SiC diodes SO 2007 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 17-22, 2007 CL Albuquerque, NM SP IEEE, Sandia Natl Labs, Natl Secur Technologies, ICAR, Gen Atom Fus Energy Res, Ktech Corp, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Tera Anal Ltd, Tech X, Ultravolt, Major Tool & Machine, Voss Sci, BAE Syst, Saft, Diversified Technologies Inc, ABB, Axsys Technologies, Agilent Technologies, Appl Technologies Pulse Sci, TSP, Pulse Power Solut, LLC, e2v, Barth Elect Inc, Novacap, Lambda, Powerex, Strangenes Ind Inc, SBE, HV Component Associates, Field Precis AB The U. S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) is evaluating silicon carbide switches and diodes to determine the range of high power and pulsed power applications for which SiC is a sensible material to use. This study focused on 6 kV, SiC P-i-N diodes which were designed by Cree Inc. and packaged and pulse tested at ARL. Diodes were pulsed at a single shot rate both individually and in parallel. Individual diodes were pulsed as high as 5.9 kA (corresponding to an action of 4.5 x 10(3) A(2)S) for 25 single shots before failing, and as high as 5.0 kA (with an. action of 3.5 x 10(3) A(2)s) for over 100 shots without failure. Five diodes paralleled in the pulse testbed carried a total current of 23 kA with each diode sharing 19-21% of the total peak current. Eight diodes in parallel reached over 39 kA peak current. The ultimate goal is to combine 8-10 diodes in a single, compact package for higher current applications. C1 [O'Brien, H.; Shaheen, W.; Bayne, S. B.; Hull, Brett A.; Agarwal, A. K.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP O'Brien, H (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0913-6 PY 2007 BP 1029 EP 1033 DI 10.1109/PPPS.2007.4652365 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Engineering; Physics GA BHJ74 UT WOS:000253619300233 ER PT B AU O'Brien, H Shaheen, W Crowley, T Bayne, SB AF O'Brien, H. Shaheen, W. Crowley, T. Bayne, S. B. GP IEEE TI Evaluation of the safe operating area of a 2.0 cm(2), 4 kv SISGTO SO 2007 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 17-22, 2007 CL Albuquerque, NM SP IEEE, Sandia Natl Labs, Natl Secur Technologies, ICAR, Gen Atom Fus Energy Res, Ktech Corp, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Tera Anal Ltd, Tech X, Ultravolt, Major Tool & Machine, Voss Sci, BAE Syst, Saft, Diversified Technologies Inc, ABB, Axsys Technologies, Agilent Technologies, Appl Technologies Pulse Sci, TSP, Pulse Power Solut, LLC, e2v, Barth Elect Inc, Novacap, Lambda, Powerex, Strangenes Ind Inc, SBE, HV Component Associates, Field Precis AB The U. S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has been evaluating high voltage, high current modular silicon Super-gate turn-off thyristors (SGTOs) developed by Silicon Power Corporation (SPCO) for ARL. SGTOs were characterized at the individual chip level in order to help understand the capabilities of any scaled up device packages. SGTOs were individually pulsed in two separate test beds: one designed to produce narrow current pulses, and another designed for wider pulses reaching 1 ins. Peak current, rise time and action (I(2)t) limitations were evaluated across this spectrum of pulse widths to document the Safe Operating Area (SOA) of the Si SGTOs. The peak current attained at a 1.9 mu s FWHM pulse width was 20 kA with a 10-90% rate-of-current rise of 26 kA/mu s. In the wider pulse circuit, single die were switched as high as 6.2 kA with an action value of 18 x 10(3) A(2)S. Waveforms for various SGTOs were analyzed, and a set of SOA curves was created to represent characterization of the SGTO die. An exploration to minimize recovery time (Tq) is also included, with Tq time reduced to 10 mu s following a 1-ms wide, 5 kA pulse. C1 [O'Brien, H.; Shaheen, W.; Crowley, T.; Bayne, S. B.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP O'Brien, H (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0913-6 PY 2007 BP 1034 EP 1039 DI 10.1109/PPPS.2007.4652366 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Engineering; Physics GA BHJ74 UT WOS:000253619300234 ER PT B AU Young, A Holt, T Elsayed, M Neuber, A Kristiansen, M Altgilbers, LL Stults, AH AF Young, A. Holt, T. Elsayed, M. Neuber, A. Kristiansen, M. Altgilbers, L. L. Stults, A. H. GP IEEE TI Fuse and load testing with mid-sized, high energy density flux compression generators SO 2007 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 17-22, 2007 CL Albuquerque, NM SP IEEE, Sandia Natl Labs, Natl Secur Technologies, ICAR, Gen Atom Fus Energy Res, Ktech Corp, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Tera Anal Ltd, Tech X, Ultravolt, Major Tool & Machine, Voss Sci, BAE Syst, Saft, Diversified Technologies Inc, ABB, Axsys Technologies, Agilent Technologies, Appl Technologies Pulse Sci, TSP, Pulse Power Solut, LLC, e2v, Barth Elect Inc, Novacap, Lambda, Powerex, Strangenes Ind Inc, SBE, HV Component Associates, Field Precis AB Compact Pulsed Power Systems (CPPSs) require power sources that are small in size yet can produce the necessary electrical energy required to drive a given load. Helical Flux Compression Generators (HFCGs) are attractive for single shot applications due to their rapid conversion of chemical energy to electrical energy. Midsized generators occupy little total volume (similar to 4,000-cm(3) total with a compressible volume of similar to 300-cm(3) in the present generator design), while the high explosives used in an HFCG provide an energy density of similar to 8,000 MJ/m(3). Consistent output current and energy gain from shot to shot are key variables in the ability of an HFCG to drive CPPSs effectively. An investigation into the practicality of using mid-sized HFCGs as the driver for single shot CPPSs is presented. Data and waveforms from generators fired into 3 mu H inductive loads are shown, with results measuring the generator's performance as a driver for an inductive energy storage (IES) system. Results are also shown from adding a power conditioning system to the output of the HFCG, where the measurements demonstrate the ability of an HFCG to drive high impedance loads. The effectiveness of a mid-sized HFCG as drivers for these systems will be evaluated. C1 [Young, A.; Holt, T.; Elsayed, M.; Neuber, A.; Kristiansen, M.] Texas Tech Univ, Ctr Pulsed Power & Power Elect, MS 43102, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Altgilbers, L. L.] US Army, SMDC, Huntsville, AL 35816 USA. [Stults, A. H.] US Army, AMRDEC, Huntsville, AL 35816 USA. RP Young, A (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Ctr Pulsed Power & Power Elect, MS 43102, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RI Neuber, Andreas/E-2956-2010 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0913-6 PY 2007 BP 1165 EP + DI 10.1109/PPPS.2007.4652394 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Engineering; Physics GA BHJ74 UT WOS:000253619300262 ER PT B AU Krile, J Holt, S Hemmert, D Walter, J Dickens, J Altgilbers, L Stults, A AF Krile, J. Holt, S. Hemmert, D. Walter, J. Dickens, J. Altgilbers, L. Stults, A. GP IEEE TI Development of an ultra-compact explosively driven magnetic flux compression generator system SO 2007 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 17-22, 2007 CL Albuquerque, NM SP IEEE, Sandia Natl Labs, Natl Secur Technologies, ICAR, Gen Atom Fus Energy Res, Ktech Corp, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Tera Anal Ltd, Tech X, Ultravolt, Major Tool & Machine, Voss Sci, BAE Syst, Saft, Diversified Technologies Inc, ABB, Axsys Technologies, Agilent Technologies, Appl Technologies Pulse Sci, TSP, Pulse Power Solut, LLC, e2v, Barth Elect Inc, Novacap, Lambda, Powerex, Strangenes Ind Inc, SBE, HV Component Associates, Field Precis AB Explosively driven magnetic flux compression generators (MFCG) are effective high current, compact, disposable pulsed power supplies [1]. A common type of MFCG in use is a helical generator, HFCG, because it can provide very high current gain in a compact form. Successful implementation of a HFCG as a pulsed power source requires several peripheral systems including a seed current source and a high current switching mechanism. Additionally, for driving higher impedance loads, a power conditioning system is required to convert the high current, low voltage HFCG output into a more suitable voltage. HEM Technologies' currently developed system utilizes an ultra compact, seed source previously developed by HEM Technologies [2]. An explosively driven closing switch provides both the switching action and acts as a delay generator to allow for the current rise in the HFCG. The output of the HFCG is conditioned via an exploding fuse wire and spark gap pair to convert the high current output to high voltage. HEM Technologies has performed extensive modification and testing of the end-to-end system. The current and energy conversion will be presented along with typical output voltages using different fusing techniques. C1 [Krile, J.; Holt, S.; Hemmert, D.] HEM Technol, 602A Broadway, Lubbock, TX 79401 USA. [Walter, J.; Dickens, J.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Altgilbers, L.] US Army, SMDC, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. [Stults, A.] US Army, AMRDEC, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. RP Krile, J (reprint author), HEM Technol, 602A Broadway, Lubbock, TX 79401 USA. EM jkrile@ieee.org NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0913-6 PY 2007 BP 1173 EP + DI 10.1109/PPPS.2007.4652396 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Engineering; Physics GA BHJ74 UT WOS:000253619300264 ER PT B AU Holt, SL Krile, JT Hemmert, DJ Hackenberger, WS Alberta, EF Walter, JW Dickens, JC Altgilbers, LL Stults, AH AF Holt, S. L. Krile, J. T. Hemmert, D. J. Hackenberger, W. S. Alberta, E. F. Walter, J. W. Dickens, J. C. Altgilbers, L. L. Stults, A. H. GP IEEE TI Testing of new ferroelectric elements custom engineered for explosively driven ferroelectric applications SO 2007 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 17-22, 2007 CL Albuquerque, NM SP IEEE, Sandia Natl Labs, Natl Secur Technologies, ICAR, Gen Atom Fus Energy Res, Ktech Corp, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Tera Anal Ltd, Tech X, Ultravolt, Major Tool & Machine, Voss Sci, BAE Syst, Saft, Diversified Technologies Inc, ABB, Axsys Technologies, Agilent Technologies, Appl Technologies Pulse Sci, TSP, Pulse Power Solut, LLC, e2v, Barth Elect Inc, Novacap, Lambda, Powerex, Strangenes Ind Inc, SBE, HV Component Associates, Field Precis AB Explosively driven ferroelectric generators (FEGs) are reliable, compact, high voltage sources that utilize high pressures to liberate charge trapped in the crystal structure of ferroelectric materials. For the active ferroelectric element most FEG designs use commercial lead zirconate-titanate (PZT) compositions designed for either precision actuators or naval sonar transducers. However, the material properties that are important in FEG applications are not the same material properties for which these materials have been designed to maximize. FEG designs utilizing these commercial materials are performance limited by high voltage breakdown, mechanical failure and low energy densities. TRS Technologies inc. has produced a new series of ferroelectric elements designed specifically for FEG applications. HEM Technologies has performed dielectric strength and shock compression experiments on these new materials to evaluate their performance in comparison to existing commercially available materials. C1 [Holt, S. L.; Krile, J. T.; Hemmert, D. J.] HEM Technol, 602 Broadway Ave, Lubbock, TX 79416 USA. [Hackenberger, W. S.; Alberta, E. F.] State Coll, TRS Tech, Harrisburg, PA 16802 USA. [Walter, J. W.; Dickens, J. C.] Texas Tech Univ, Pulse Power & Power Elect, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Altgilbers, L. L.] US Army, SMDC, Huntsville, AL USA. [Stults, A. H.] US Army, AMRDEC, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Holt, SL (reprint author), HEM Technol, 602 Broadway Ave, Lubbock, TX 79416 USA. EM shad.holt@ieee.org RI Alberta, Edward/E-7301-2011 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0913-6 PY 2007 BP 1177 EP + DI 10.1109/PPPS.2007.4652397 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Engineering; Physics GA BHJ74 UT WOS:000253619300265 ER PT B AU O'Connor, KA Curry, RD Altglbers, L AF O'Connor, K. A. Curry, R. D. Altglbers, L. GP IEEE TI Investigation of a high voltage, high frequency power conditioning system for use with flux compression generators SO 2007 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 17-22, 2007 CL Albuquerque, NM SP IEEE, Sandia Natl Labs, Natl Secur Technologies, ICAR, Gen Atom Fus Energy Res, Ktech Corp, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Tera Anal Ltd, Tech X, Ultravolt, Major Tool & Machine, Voss Sci, BAE Syst, Saft, Diversified Technologies Inc, ABB, Axsys Technologies, Agilent Technologies, Appl Technologies Pulse Sci, TSP, Pulse Power Solut, LLC, e2v, Barth Elect Inc, Novacap, Lambda, Powerex, Strangenes Ind Inc, SBE, HV Component Associates, Field Precis AB The University of Missouri-Columbia is developing a compact pulsed power system to condition the high current signal from a flux compression generator (FCG) to the high voltage, high frequency signal required for many pulsed power applications. The system consists of a non-magnetic core, spiral-wound transformer, series exploding wire fuse, and an oscillating mesoband source. The flux compression generator is being built by Texas Tech Univ. and is designed to drive inductive loads on the order of microhenries rather than a nanohenry load often driven by FCGs. The power conditioning transformer consists of a 1 mu H primary winding inductance and a turns ratio of 1:3 with a coupling factor between .75 and .85. Use of the transformer and a crowbar switch to minimize the peak voltage across the fuse allows the fuse length to be reduced without risk of an arc breakdown. The fuse was designed to interrupt a peak current of 25 kA - 40 kA in less than 500 ns. The multiple stage fuse is constructed using two sections with an effective length of less than 25 cm. A capacitance of about 275 pF connected to the transformer secondary is charged to a voltage around 200 kV. The capacitor is then switched into an underdamped resonant circuit to generate an RF signal. A non-destructive test stand has been built to simulate the output current of a flux compression generator and allow inexpensive and repeatable testing of the power conditioning components. This paper includes a description of the test stand, pulse transformer, exploding wire fuse, and oscillating circuit along with experimental results obtained with the non-destructive test stand. C1 [O'Connor, K. A.; Curry, R. D.] Univ Missouri, 349 Engn Bldg W, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Altglbers, L.] US Army Space & Missile Def Command, Huntsville, AL USA. RP O'Connor, KA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, 349 Engn Bldg W, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM OConnorKA@missouri.edu FU Texas Tech University FX Work supported by Texas Tech University NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0913-6 PY 2007 BP 1356 EP + DI 10.1109/PPPS.2007.4652439 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Engineering; Physics GA BHJ74 UT WOS:000253619300307 ER PT B AU Kaye, R Turman, B Aubuchon, M Lamppa, D Mann, G van Reuth, E Fulton, K Malejko, G Magnotti, P Nguyen, D Borgwarth, D Johnson, A Poppe, R AF Kaye, R. Turman, B. Aubuchon, M. Lamppa, D. Mann, G. van Reuth, Edward Fulton, K. Malejko, G. Magnotti, P. Nguyen, D. Borgwarth, D. Johnson, A. Poppe, R. GP IEEE TI Induction coilgun for EM Mortar SO 2007 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 17-22, 2007 CL Albuquerque, NM SP IEEE, Sandia Natl Labs, Natl Secur Technologies, ICAR, Gen Atom Fus Energy Res, Ktech Corp, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Tera Anal Ltd, Tech X, Ultravolt, Major Tool & Machine, Voss Sci, BAE Syst, Saft, Diversified Technologies Inc, ABB, Axsys Technologies, Agilent Technologies, Appl Technologies Pulse Sci, TSP, Pulse Power Solut, LLC, e2v, Barth Elect Inc, Novacap, Lambda, Powerex, Strangenes Ind Inc, SBE, HV Component Associates, Field Precis AB The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency is investigating electromagnetic (EM) guns for the next generation combat vehicle providing improved performance and survivability without the use of propellant. The two-year program was initiated in 2005 to design a coilgun and a railgun to launch an existing mortar round with an EM armature in laboratory conditions at speeds to increase range beyond current capabilities. This paper describes a laboratory coilgun system whose requirements are based on the Future Combat System Mortar Vehicle for indirect fire applications. Minimal adaptation has been necessary to existing mortar rounds with the armature and support structure necessary for EM coilgun launch. High magnetic field coils have been designed and tested at stress levels anticipated during launch. Recoil from the barrel of stacked coils will be managed by a conventional gun mount integrated to a catcher through a structural frame. Capacitor bank modules currently in fabrication and test utilize 1980's technology capacitors, but new ideas in commercial components for switches, resistors and bus-work are investigated to lower cost. The firing system, which includes a projectile-sensing 94 GHz radar triggers the capacitor banks for optimal performance and precise muzzle velocity control, is also described. C1 [Kaye, R.; Turman, B.; Aubuchon, M.; Lamppa, D.; Mann, G.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,Mail Stop 1182, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Fulton, K.; Malejko, G.; Magnotti, P.; Nguyen, D.] US Army, Dev & Engn Ctr Picatinny Arsenal, Armament Res, Arlington, VA USA. [Borgwarth, D.; Johnson, A.; Poppe, R.] Armament Syst, BAE Syst Inc, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Kaye, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,Mail Stop 1182, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM kaye@sandia.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0913-6 PY 2007 BP 1810 EP + DI 10.1109/PPPS.2007.4652542 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Engineering; Physics GA BHJ74 UT WOS:000253619300410 ER PT S AU Huang, XY Lee, P Chen, BQ Cui, HL Pastore, R AF Huang, Xiaoyang Lee, Peter Chen, Bingquan Cui, Hong-Liang Pastore, Robert GP IEEE TI Forward modeling of through-wall-sensing with ultra-wideband signals using finite-difference time-domain method SO 2007 IEEE RADIO AND WIRELESS SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium CY JAN 07-12, 2007 CL Long Beach, CA SP IEEE DE FDTD; TWS; UWB; scattering AB In this study, the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is applied to simulate the through-wall-sensing (TWS) with ultra-wideband signals. Perfectly matched layer (PML) absorbing boundary conditions are used to absorb the outgoing wave. Scattering from two-dimensional (2D) metallic and dielectric cylinders for a 2D TE plane-incident wave are considered. In addition the scattering from targets behind walls are investigated. C1 [Huang, Xiaoyang; Lee, Peter; Chen, Bingquan; Cui, Hong-Liang] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. [Pastore, Robert] US Army, CECOM, RDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Huang, XY (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. EM xhuang2@stevens.edu; bchen1@stevens.edu; hcui@stevens.edu; robert.pastore@us.army.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2164-2958 BN 978-1-4244-0444-5 J9 IEEE RADIO WIRELESS PY 2007 BP 88 EP 90 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BGG96 UT WOS:000246800100023 ER PT S AU Dorleus, J Holweck, R Ren, Z Li, HB Cui, HL Medina, J AF Dorleus, Joseph Holweck, Ralph Ren, Zhi Li, Hongbin Cui, Hong-Liang Medina, John GP IEEE TI Modeling and simulation of fading and pathloss in OPNET for range communications SO 2007 IEEE RADIO AND WIRELESS SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium CY JAN 07-12, 2007 CL Long Beach, CA SP IEEE DE wireless modeling and simulation; fading; pathloss; OPNET AB In this paper, we address two important issues in OPNET-based modeling and simulation for range wireless communications. The first issue is to model the fading effect in wireless communications. The present OPNET Wireless Suite views all wireless channels as Gaussian channels and ignores the fading effect. We add a Rayleigh fading channel model to OPNET and implement the fading effect in simulation by modifying the bit-error rate curve used by OPNET. The second issue is to model the pathloss in wireless environments. The present OPNET Wireless Suite uses a fixed value of the pathloss exponent without considering that different environments have different pathloss exponents. We solve this problem by providing a user with the ability to choose a suitable pathloss exponent from 2 to 5 according to the environment. Numerical results are presented to verify our enhanced wireless models and demonstrate their applications in OPNET wireless network simulation. C1 [Dorleus, Joseph; Holweck, Ralph] USA, PEO, STRI, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. [Ren, Zhi; Li, Hongbin; Cui, Hong-Liang] LC Pegasus Corp, Basking Ridge, NJ 07920 USA. [Medina, John] WSMR, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. RP Dorleus, J (reprint author), USA, PEO, STRI, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2164-2958 BN 978-1-4244-0444-5 J9 IEEE RADIO WIRELESS PY 2007 BP 129 EP 132 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BGG96 UT WOS:000246800100033 ER PT B AU Karlsen, RE Witus, G AF Karlsen, Robert E. Witus, Gary GP IEEE TI Terrain understanding for robot navigation SO 2007 IEEE/RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS, VOLS 1-9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems CY OCT 29-NOV 02, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE, RSJ ID CLASSIFICATION AB This paper presents a method to forecast terrain trafficability from visual appearance. During training, the system identifies a set of image chips (or exemplars) that span the range of terrain appearance. Each chip is assigned a vector tag of vehicle-terrain interaction characteristics that are obtained from on-board sensors and simple performance models, as the vehicle traverses the terrain. The system uses the exemplars to segment images into regions, based on visual similarity to the terrain patches observed during training, and assigns the appropriate vehicle-terrain interaction tag to them. This methodology will therefore allow the online forecasting of vehicle performance on upcoming terrain. Currently, we are using fuzzy c-means clustering and exploring a number of different features for characterizing the visual appearance of the terrain. C1 [Karlsen, Robert E.] USA, Ctr Dev & Engn, Warren, MI 48397 USA. [Witus, Gary] Turing Associates, Ann Arbor 48103, MI USA. RP Karlsen, RE (reprint author), USA, Ctr Dev & Engn, Warren, MI 48397 USA. EM robert.karlsen@us.army.mil; witusg@umich.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-0912-9 PY 2007 BP 901 EP + PG 2 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Robotics GA BHL44 UT WOS:000254073200142 ER PT B AU Hu, XY Yao, YD Graff, C Cook, T AF Hu, Xiaoyu Yao, Yu-Dong Graff, Charles Cook, Trevor GP IEEE TI Investigations of cross-layer designs for mobile ad hoc networks SO 2007 IEEE SARNOFF SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Sarnoff Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Sarnoff Symposium CY APR 30-MAY 02, 2007 CL Princeton, NJ SP IEEE ID ADAPTIVE MODULATION AB This paper explores the attributes, layering models and objective functions in cross layer designs for mobile ad hoc wireless networks by taking all the statistical characteristics and constraints from the physical (PHY) layer, media access control (MAC) layer and network (NET) layer into consideration. This paper reviews the entire network optimization across all the PHY/MAC/NET layers. At the PHY layer, the adaptive modulation, adaptive channel allocation and adaptive power control are employed according to the channel conditions and different quality of service (QoS) requirements of different services. The PHY layer constraint is specified in terms of target signal to noise and interference ratio (SINR) or target bit-error-ratio (BER). At the MAC layer, a feasible scheduling policy that maximizes the overall system performance for given fairness/QoS requirements is explored through the utility functions that build a bridge between the PHY layer and MAC layer to balance the efficiency and fairness. At the NET layer, the QoS requirements include call blocking probabilities, call connection delays, packet congestion probabilities and packet loss rates. By interacting with PHY layer and MAC layer constraints, a long-term network performance is investigated at the NET layer subject to both call-level and packet-level QoS requirements. C1 [Hu, Xiaoyu; Yao, Yu-Dong] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. [Graff, Charles; Cook, Trevor] US Army, RDECOM CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Hu, XY (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. EM xhu@stevens.edu; yyao@stevens.edu; charles.graff@us.army.mil; trevor.j.cook@us.army.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2483-2 J9 IEEE SARNOFF SYMPOS PY 2007 BP 331 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BIG59 UT WOS:000259363000065 ER PT B AU Carier, JD Smith, ED Wade, AM Walker, PS Kwinn, MJ AF Carier, Julia D. Smith, Earnest D. Wade, Andrew M. Walker, Paul S. Kwinn, Michael J., Jr. GP IEEE TI Small unit unmanned weapon system for today's army SO 2007 IEEE SYSTEMS AND INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 27, 2007 CL Charlottesville, VA SP IEEE AB While engaged in the Global War on Terror, our soldiers have discovered the need at the small unit level for a non-line of sight, man portable, lethal, unmanned device that could be used to gain entry into a building by blowing the door, kill enemy personnel or disable soft skinned vehicles without a soldier ever exposing himself to the enemy and while minimizing collateral damage [1]. This capability could potentially save soldiers lives and increase the combat effectiveness of our units currently deployed in combat zones. Our project team will evaluate several alternatives and provide a recommended solution for such a device to provide these capabilities to the soldier on the ground. Currently, the US Army - specifically Special Operations Command (SOCOM) and the US Marine Corps operate with small and unmanned surveillance equipment such as the Raven B, DRAGON Eye, FPASS, Pointer, and Silver Fox [2]. None of these systems however have a lethal component. Additionally, they are currently all operated primarily at the company or battalion level. Other Unmanned Ariel Vehicles are equipped with a lethal capability such as the MQ-1B Armed Predator (Hellfire Missiles), but they are too heavy and require too large a launch footprint to be effectively employed by small unit ground forces. FMI 3-04.155 (Army Unmanned Aircraft System Operations) is the current field manual which outlines the effective employment of current UAS in the inventory [3]. Currently, there is a noticeable capability void which can be best addressed by a system which incorporates the flexibility of a smaller man portable UAV with the lethality of one of the larger systems. Our study seeks to find a solution which will address this capability void. C1 [Carier, Julia D.; Smith, Earnest D.; Wade, Andrew M.; Walker, Paul S.; Kwinn, Michael J., Jr.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Carier, JD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1285-3 PY 2007 BP 56 EP 60 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BHH29 UT WOS:000253272700012 ER PT B AU Willard, QL Bartlett, AM Harrington, LS Mckay, JC AF Willard, Quentin L. Bartlett, Austin M. Harrington, Louis S. Mckay, Jason C. GP IEEE TI A systems approach to autonomous space exploration SO 2007 IEEE SYSTEMS AND INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 27, 2007 CL Charlottesville, VA SP IEEE AB As Systems Engineering and Engineering Management cadets at the United States Military Academy, we are working with NASA for our senior-year capstone project. In concert with "NASA's 2006 Strategic Goals," our team is exploring how to more safely land autonomous spacecraft and more reliably guide autonomous surface rovers. Employing Value-Focused Thinking (Keeney, 1992), we have created a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet model that will assist NASA in determining what capabilities ought to be considered for the variety of sensors being developed. Because of conflicting objectives, complex alternatives, and major uncertainties associated with space operations, we are leveraging Multiple Objective Decision Analysis (Kirkwood, 1997) to both identify vital capabilities as well as illuminate critical shortcomings in the design of future sensor suites on autonomous space systems. Specifically, our model is a decision support system that examines space exploration as a series of sequential phases, each with a distinct set of requirements and demands. Because of trade-offs between the various phases, our model will provide NASA decision-makers with a greater sense of where they can focus their efforts so that the chances of mission success will increase. While neophytes in the realm of space exploration, we believe the Interactive Management Science (Savage, 2003) architecture featured in our model will allow experts at NASA to input their own parameters-parameters that we know will inevitably change because of different mission requirements and continual advances in technology. In addition to assisting NASA with returning to the moon, our model will also help with other space exploration missions, including the Extended Lunar Outpost Architecture, Mars Outpost and Science Support Systems, and Exploration Systems Architecture. Not only will our decision support system help to better link NASA's strategic goals to its operations, it will also help better focus its research and development, improve allocation of existing resources, and increase the probability of future space exploration successes. C1 [Willard, Quentin L.; Bartlett, Austin M.; Harrington, Louis S.; Mckay, Jason C.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Willard, QL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1285-3 PY 2007 BP 126 EP 130 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BHH29 UT WOS:000253272700024 ER PT B AU Bardin, D Hong, E O'Loughlin, D Maodus, Z AF Bardin, Doug Hong, Estelle O'Loughlin, Daniel Maodus, Zachary GP IEEE TI Usability study of the department of defense joint analysis system SO 2007 IEEE SYSTEMS AND INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 27, 2007 CL Charlottesville, VA SP IEEE AB The Department of Defense (DoD) uses modeling and simulation as a primary tool to plan future operations and facilitate decision making. Simulations help decision makers analyze a scenario and make decisions based on the simulated outcomes. The purpose of this project is to apply the Systems Design Process (SDP), developed and utilized extensively at the United States Military Academy, in the form of a usability study of one of DoD's newest campaign level simulations. The Joint Analysis System (JAS), formerly known as the Joint Warfare Simulation (JWARS), is the first campaign analysis tool to incorporate all three services of the military. The most obvious benefit of JAS over the separate service models is the explicit modeling of the interdependencies that exist between the services. It also incorporates a theater level logistics model not found in any other service model. Even with its added benefits, the separate service analytic communities have been slow to adopt JAS as the simulation of choice for campaign level analysis. One fear is that JAS run scenarios may show a service, organization or major weapon system as being less integral to a campaign's success than previously believed. Since scenarios are typically forecasting likely campaigns 15-20 years in the future, this could lead to major changes in service funding. There are also issues pertaining to the overhead involved with learning a new simulation and a resistance to change from the model they are already familiar with using. In an effort to increase the user base, the focus of this project was to develop a tutorial that shows the basic functionality of JAS utilizing an unclassified campaign level scenario. A usability study was performed at the undergraduate level to analyze ease of use and understanding of the simulation based on information learned in the tutorial. The objective is to pass this tutorial along to the other service academies and DoD analytic agencies. C1 [Bardin, Doug; Hong, Estelle; O'Loughlin, Daniel; Maodus, Zachary] US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Bardin, D (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, Mahan Hall,Bldg 752, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1285-3 PY 2007 BP 204 EP 208 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BHH29 UT WOS:000253272700038 ER PT B AU Griffiths, Z Sanert, S Snodgrass, M Snook, S Boylan, MG AF Griffiths, Zach Sanert, Seth Snodgrass, Mike Snook, Sean Boylan, Major Gregory GP IEEE TI Identification of Critical Factor Sets for Close range Engagements in Urban Operations SO 2007 IEEE SYSTEMS AND INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 27, 2007 CL Charlottesville, VA SP IEEE AB The dynamic and asymmetric environment of today's battlefield and the proliferation of technologically advanced equipment at the soldier level have increased the need for more accurate and higher-fidelity modeling of the individual soldier in combat. Traditionally, the focus of the combat modeling community has been on large-scale battlefield platforms and unit-level analyses. Consequently, the representation of the individual soldier on the battlefield has not kept pace with other representations. These Infantry soldier models require unprecedented fidelity in terms of the Infantry soldier entity, his behavioral and decision processes, and his environment. In order to enable the modeling community to more accurately represent the individual soldier in combat simulations in a timely and cost-effective manner, it has become important to first identify and develop the critical factors and functions that have the greatest impacts on soldier lethality, survivability, and combat effectiveness in close range (0-50m), team sized engagements. We used the Systems Decision Process (SDP) to identify these critical factors and recommend to our client the order in which they should be addressed by the modeling community. Our application of standard systems engineering tools led to a unique characterization of the factors considered most critical for the accurate representation of individual soldiers in close range engagements. The result will be an ordered set of factors that will help to focus the efforts of the modeling community and ensure the more timely and cost effective integration of soldier behavioral and decision-making aspects into combat simulations. Our paper will discuss the problem background and methodology we applied to find critical factors that will enhance the modeling and accurate representation of the individual soldier in a close combat situation. C1 [Griffiths, Zach; Sanert, Seth; Snodgrass, Mike; Snook, Sean] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10997 USA. [Boylan, Major Gregory] US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Griffiths, Z (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10997 USA. EM zachary.griffiths@usma.edu; seth.sanert@usma.edu; michael.snodgzrass@usma.edu; sean.snook@usma.edu; gregory.boylan@us.army.mil FU United States Military Academy; TRAC-Monterey; United States Army FX This work was supported in part by the United States Military Academy, TRAC-Monterey and the United States Army. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1285-3 PY 2007 BP 218 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BHH29 UT WOS:000253272700041 ER PT B AU Edwards, DJ Grodevant, NW Lee, PJ Peralta, JB AF Edwards, Dennis J. Grodevant, Nicholas W. Lee, Phillip J. Peralta, James B. GP IEEE TI DNA-MAN: Dynamic natural attributes for synthetic military forces SO 2007 IEEE SYSTEMS AND INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 27, 2007 CL Charlottesville, VA SP IEEE ID PERSONALITY AB Higher-fidelity human behavioral models promise to enhance a wide range of simulations where high-risk and high-threat environments make human performance assessment difficult. This paper explores a methodology for implementing high fidelity human behaviors in simulation. In addition to combat models, first-responder simulations for police, fire, and rescue may benefit. Homeland security simulations ranging from border patrol to civil defense and the Global War on Terrorism are also prime candidates for these techniques. C1 [Edwards, Dennis J.; Grodevant, Nicholas W.; Lee, Phillip J.; Peralta, James B.] US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10997 USA. RP Edwards, DJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10997 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1285-3 PY 2007 BP 246 EP 250 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BHH29 UT WOS:000253272700046 ER PT B AU Tran, TQ AF Tran, Thang Q. GP IEEE TI Basis of power effects on method of communication SO 2007 IEEE SYSTEMS AND INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 27, 2007 CL Charlottesville, VA SP IEEE AB This paper aims to propose correlations between the dominating basis power individuals perceive their supervisor to possess and the method of communication they utilize to interact with their superior(s). This paper serves three purposes. First, it evaluates members within an organization with a set chain of command, to gain an understanding of how individuals prefer to communicate ideas and information with their superior based on their superior's perceived basis of power. Second, it evaluates a matrix organization consisting of ten automotive mechanical engineering students (cadets), as team members, and one engineering management student, as the project manager, to gain an understanding of how team members actually communicate ideas and information with the project manager based on his perceived basis of power. Third, it discusses the difficulties of communicating within a decentralized team and offer recommendations on effective methods of communication for organizations where members do not work in a central location. C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Tran, TQ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1285-3 PY 2007 BP 251 EP 256 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BHH29 UT WOS:000253272700047 ER PT S AU Kosinski, JA AF Kosinski, John A. GP IEEE TI A topology to ameliorate insertion loss and large signal capture effects in tunable SAW filters SO 2007 IEEE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-6 SE Ultrasonics Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium CY OCT 28-31, 2007 CL New York, NY SP IEEE DE SAW; filter; tunable; programmable AB This paper discusses a circuit topology Which ameliorates insertion loss and large signal capture effects in tunable SAW filters. The topology Is developed as an extension of recent work on fully-programmable SAW transversal filters and centers upon the use of the SAW filter as a tunable impedance element In a flexible frequency selective amplifier module. C1 USA, RDECOM CERDEC, ATTN AMSRD CER IW DT, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Kosinski, JA (reprint author), USA, RDECOM CERDEC, ATTN AMSRD CER IW DT, I2WD, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. EM john.kosinski@us.army.mil NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1051-0117 BN 978-1-4244-1383-6 J9 ULTRASON PY 2007 BP 933 EP 936 DI 10.1109/ULTSYM.2007.238 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Biophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Acoustics; Biophysics; Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BHM55 UT WOS:000254281800223 ER PT S AU Patel, M Yong, YK Vig, J Ballato, A AF Patel, Mihir Yong, Yook-Kong Vig, John Ballato, Arthur GP IEEE TI Effects of electromagnetic radiation on the Q of quartz resonators SO 2007 IEEE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-6 SE Ultrasonics Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium CY OCT 28-31, 2007 CL New York, NY SP IEEE AB Two finite element models of a quartz AT-cut resonator were employed to investigated the effects of electromagnetic radiation on the resonator Q. The two models employed the governing equations for viscopiezoelectricity and viscopiezoelectromagnetism, respectively. The models showed decreasing Q with frequency increase. The Q of the viscopiezoelectric model compared well with the empirical formula for the Q of quartz AT-cut resonators. At frequencies In excess of 2 GHz, the Q of the viscopiezoetectromagnetic model showed increasing difference from the Q of the viscoplezoelectric model. The electromagnetic radiation loss took up an Increasing percentage In the loss of Q with frequency Increase In excess of 2 GHz. At 3.3 GHz, it took up about 14% of the loss In Q. C1 [Patel, Mihir; Yong, Yook-Kong] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. [Vig, John] Syst Planning Corp, Arlington, VA USA. [Ballato, Arthur] US Army, Commun Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Fort Monmouth, NJ USA. RP Patel, M (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. EM yyong@rci.rutgers.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1051-0117 BN 978-1-4244-1383-6 J9 ULTRASON PY 2007 BP 1389 EP + DI 10.1109/ULTSYM.2007.349 PG 2 WC Acoustics; Biophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Acoustics; Biophysics; Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BHM55 UT WOS:000254281801097 ER PT S AU Ballato, A AF Ballato, Arthur GP IEEE TI Tunable solidly mounted resonators SO 2007 IEEE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-6 SE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium CY OCT 28-31, 2007 CL New York, NY SP IEEE ID QUARTER-WAVE MULTILAYERS; THIN-FILM RESONATORS; RESONANCE CHARACTERISTICS; W/SIO2 MULTILAYERS; DEVICES; FABRICATION; TECHNOLOGY; FILTERS AB Solidly-mounted resonator (SMR) configurations were pioneered by Newell in the mid-1960s. In Newell's designs, a piezoelectric resonator was indirectly attached to a substrate by means of an intervening Bragg stack of plates of low and high acoustic impedance, similar to an anti-reflecting optical coating. By proper arrangement of the stack parameters, it was conjectured that high resonator quality factor (Q) values could be attained. However, devices based on this novel concept proved not to be satisfactorily realizable with fabrication techniques available at that time. More recent advances in microfabrication technologies have now produced practical commercial realizations. In the usual SMR embodiment, only the mechanical impedance transforming property of the Bragg stack is utilized. In [25] was reported initial work on a method to provide the Bragg stack with tunability by making use of piezoelectric layers. The individual strata are then represented as three-port networks, the electrical port supplying an additional degree of freedom for tuning or adjustment. Because of unavoidable manufacturing variability, a means of altering the equivalent electrical length of each layer allows SMR devices based on this modality to be optimized; alternatively, the tuning may be applied in a dynamic fashion, to change the frequency at which minimum power is lost to the mounting substrate. This paper describes some of what may be accomplished by means of piezoelectric Bragg stacks, as well as descriptive equivalent network realizations and requisite operational relations. C1 USA, Commun Elect RDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Ballato, A (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect RDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1051-0117 BN 978-1-4244-1383-6 J9 ULTRASON PY 2007 BP 1870 EP 1873 DI 10.1109/ULTSYM.2007.470 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Biophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Acoustics; Biophysics; Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BHM55 UT WOS:000254281801218 ER PT B AU Jankowski, NR Everhart, L Morgan, B Geil, B McCluskey, P AF Jankowski, Nicholas R. Everhart, Lauren Morgan, Brian Geil, Bruce McCluskey, Patrick GP IEEE TI Comparing microchannel technologies to minimize the thermal stack and improve thermal performance in hybrid electric vehicles SO 2007 IEEE VEHICLE POWER AND PROPULSION CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC) CY SEP 09-12, 2007 CL Arlington, TX SP IEEE ID HEAT SINK AB Hybrid electric vehicles for military applications require advanced cooling to ensure peak power electronics performance and reliability. Two methods of reducing overall thermal resistivity by integrating microchannel coolers into the power electronics thermal stack are explored. The first approach involves silicon manifold microchannel coolers with direct fluid impingement on the semiconductor die. The second involves fabricating standard, parallel microchannels into a standard aluminum nitride substrate. Both designs are evaluated for flow and thermal performance in cooling a 4mm silicon carbide diode. Both designs are found to be of comparable performance, primarily due to non-optimum microchannel dimensions for operating pressures below 35 kPa. For both types of devices, typical flow rates ranged from 40-60 mL/min with thermal resistivities on the order of 0.13-0.19 degrees C-cm(2)/W. Potential for future improvement of each design is discussed. C1 [Jankowski, Nicholas R.; Everhart, Lauren; Morgan, Brian; Geil, Bruce] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Jankowski, NR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-7803-9760-6 PY 2007 BP 124 EP 130 DI 10.1109/VPPC.2007.4544111 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BIA66 UT WOS:000257945500022 ER PT S AU Zhao, QC Geirhofer, S Tong, L Sadler, BM AF Zhao, Qianchuan Geirhofer, Stefan Tong, Lang Sadler, Brian M. GP IEEE TI Optimal Dynamic Spectrum Access via Periodic Channel Sensing SO 2007 IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS & NETWORKING CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 SE IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference CY MAR 11-15, 2007 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE AB The problem of dynamically accessing a set of parallel channels occupied by primary users is considered. The secondary user is allowed to sense and to transmit in a single channel. By exploiting idle periods between bursty transmissions of primary users, and by using a periodic sensing strategy, optimal dynamic access is achieved by maximizing the throughput of the secondary user while constraining collision probability with the primary user. The optimal dynamic spectrum access problem can then be formulated within the framework of Constrained Markov Decision Processes (CMDPs). The optimal control policy is identified via a linear program, and its performance is analyzed numerically and through Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, we compare the optimal scheme to an ideal benchmark case when simultaneous sensing of all channels is assumed. C1 [Zhao, Qianchuan] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Automat, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Geirhofer, Stefan; Tong, Lang] Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhao, QC (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Automat, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program [DAAD19-01-2-0011]; faculty exchange program between Tsinghua University and Cornell University; NSFC [60574067] FX This paper was prepared though collaborative participation in the Communications and Networks Consortium sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0011. The work was done when Qianchuan Zhao was visiting Cornell University as a visiting Professor. Part of the research of Qianchuan Zhao was supported by a faculty exchange program between Tsinghua University and Cornell University and NSFC grant no. 60574067. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. NR 10 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1525-3511 BN 978-1-4244-0658-6 J9 IEEE WCNC PY 2007 BP 33 EP + DI 10.1109/WCNC.2007.12 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHD48 UT WOS:000252337100007 ER PT B AU Enaya, H Semenov, YG Kim, KW Zavada, JM AF Enaya, Hani Semenov, Yuriy G. Kim, Ki Wook Zavada, John M. GP IEEE TI A quantum dot memory cell based on spin polaron formation SO 2007 INTERNATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium CY DEC 12-14, 2007 CL College Pk, MD C1 [Enaya, Hani; Semenov, Yuriy G.; Kim, Ki Wook] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Zavada, John M.] US Army, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27703 USA. RP Enaya, H (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1891-6 PY 2007 BP 54 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BHR89 UT WOS:000255857100028 ER PT B AU Habersat, DB Gurfinkel, M Horst, J Kim, J Xiong, HD Cheung, K Suehle, JS Lelis, AJ Bemstein, JB Shapira, Y AF Habersat, D. B. Gurfinkel, M. Horst, J. Kim, J. Xiong, H. D. Cheung, K. Suehle, J. S. Lelis, A. J. Bemstein, J. B. Shapira, Y. GP IEEE TI New ultra-fast charge pumping measurement technique for N-IT characterization without relaxation SO 2007 INTERNATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium CY DEC 12-14, 2007 CL College Pk, MD C1 [Habersat, D. B.; Lelis, A. J.] USA, Res Lab, Power Components Branch, Washington, DC 20310 USA. [Gurfinkel, M.; Shapira, Y.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Tel Aviv, Israel. [Gurfinkel, M.; Horst, J.; Kim, J.; Xiong, H. D.; Cheung, K.; Suehle, J. S.] Natl Inst Standards & Technol, Semicond Electron Div, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Gurfinkel, M.; Bemstein, J. B.; Shapira, Y.] Univ Maryland, Coll Mech Engn, College Pk, MD USA. RP Habersat, DB (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Power Components Branch, Washington, DC 20310 USA. EM daniel.habersat@us.army.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1891-6 PY 2007 BP 305 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BHR89 UT WOS:000255857100156 ER PT B AU Huang, W Jain, FC AF Huang, Wenli Jain, Faquir C. GP IEEE TI Pseudo quantum dot behavior due to excitonic transitions in wide gap quantum wire lasers: InGaN-AlGaN and ZnCdSe-ZnMgSSe material systems SO 2007 INTERNATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium CY DEC 12-14, 2007 CL College Pk, MD ID OPTICAL GAIN C1 [Huang, Wenli] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Jain, Faquir C.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Huang, W (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1891-6 PY 2007 BP 309 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BHR89 UT WOS:000255857100158 ER PT B AU Green, R Urciuoli, D Ogumiiyi, A Koebke, G Everhart, L Ibiayoa, D Lelis, A Hull, B AF Green, Ronald Urciuoli, Damian Ogumiiyi, Aderinto Koebke, Gail Everhart, Lauren Ibiayoa, Dimeji Lelis, Aivars Hull, Brett GP IEEE TI Evaluation of 4H-SiC DMOSFETs for power converter applications SO 2007 INTERNATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium CY DEC 12-14, 2007 CL College Pk, MD C1 [Green, Ronald; Urciuoli, Damian; Ogumiiyi, Aderinto; Koebke, Gail; Everhart, Lauren; Ibiayoa, Dimeji; Lelis, Aivars] USA, Res Lab, Power Components Branch, Washington, DC 20310 USA. [Hull, Brett] Cree Inc, Durham, NC 27703 USA. RP Green, R (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Power Components Branch, Washington, DC 20310 USA. EM rgreen@arl.army.mil NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1891-6 PY 2007 BP 312 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BHR89 UT WOS:000255857100160 ER PT B AU Veliadis, V Mccoy, M Stewart, E McNutt, T Van Campen, S Potyraj, P Scozzie, C AF Veliadis, V. McCoy, M. Stewart, E. McNutt, T. Van Campen, S. Potyraj, P. Scozzie, C. GP IEEE TI Exploring the design space of rugged seven lithographic level silicon carbide vertical JFETs for the development of 1200-V, 50-A devices SO 2007 INTERNATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium CY DEC 12-14, 2007 CL College Pk, MD C1 [Veliadis, V.; McCoy, M.; Stewart, E.; McNutt, T.; Van Campen, S.; Potyraj, P.] Northrop Grumman Elect Syst, Linthicum, MD 21090 USA. [Scozzie, C.] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Veliadis, V (reprint author), Northrop Grumman Elect Syst, Linthicum, MD 21090 USA. EM victor.veliadis@ngc.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1891-6 PY 2007 BP 365 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BHR89 UT WOS:000255857100187 ER PT B AU Readinger, ED Chern-Metcalfe, GD Shen, H Wood, M Wraback, M Dierolf, V AF Readinger, Eric D. Chern-Metcalfe, Grace D. Shen, Hongen Wood, Mark Wraback, Michael Dierolf, Volkmar GP IEEE TI Physical and optical characterization of GaN doped with neodymium grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epixaty SO 2007 INTERNATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium CY DEC 12-14, 2007 CL College Pk, MD ID ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; EMISSION C1 [Readinger, Eric D.; Chern-Metcalfe, Grace D.; Shen, Hongen; Wood, Mark; Wraback, Michael] USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. [Dierolf, Volkmar] Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC USA. RP Readinger, ED (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. EM ereadinger@us.army.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1891-6 PY 2007 BP 413 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BHR89 UT WOS:000255857100211 ER PT B AU Pennington, G Kilpatrick, SJ Wickenden, AE AF Pennington, Gary Kilpatrick, Steve J. Wickenden, Alma E. GP IEEE TI Monte Carlo simulation of hot optical phonon decay in a carbon nanotube SO 2007 INTERNATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium CY DEC 12-14, 2007 CL College Pk, MD C1 [Pennington, Gary; Kilpatrick, Steve J.; Wickenden, Alma E.] Army Res Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Pennington, G (reprint author), Army Res Lab, New York, NY USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1891-6 PY 2007 BP 427 EP 428 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BHR89 UT WOS:000255857100218 ER PT B AU Lelis, AJ Habersat, D Green, R Ogunniyi, A Gurfinkel, M Suehle, J Goldsman, N AF Lelis, A. J. Habersat, D. Green, R. Ogunniyi, A. Gurfinkel, M. Suehle, J. Goldsman, N. GP IEEE TI Time dependence of bias-stress induced threshold-voltage instability measurements SO 2007 INTERNATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium CY DEC 12-14, 2007 CL College Pk, MD C1 [Lelis, A. J.; Habersat, D.; Green, R.; Ogunniyi, A.] US Army, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. [Goldsman, N.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gurfinkel, M.; Suehle, J.] Natl Inst Standards & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA. RP Lelis, AJ (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. EM alelis@arl.army.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1891-6 PY 2007 BP 495 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BHR89 UT WOS:000255857100254 ER PT B AU Cochrane, CJ Lenahan, PM Lelis, AJ AF Cochrane, Corey J. Lenahan, Patrick M. Lelis, Aivars J. GP IEEE TI Electrically detected magnetic resonance studies of processing variations in 4H SiC based MOSFETs SO 2007 INTERNATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium CY DEC 12-14, 2007 CL College Pk, MD C1 [Cochrane, Corey J.; Lenahan, Patrick M.] Penn State Univ, Dept ESM, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lelis, Aivars J.] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Cochrane, CJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept ESM, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1891-6 PY 2007 BP 497 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BHR89 UT WOS:000255857100255 ER PT B AU Rape, A Lenahan, PM Lelis, AJ AF Rape, Aaron Lenahan, P. M. Lelis, A. J. GP IEEE TI Atomic scale defects in 4H SiC/SiO2 using electron spin resonance SO 2007 INTERNATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium CY DEC 12-14, 2007 CL College Pk, MD C1 [Rape, Aaron; Lenahan, P. M.] Penn State Univ, 101 EES Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lelis, A. J.] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Rape, A (reprint author), Penn State Univ, 101 EES Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM amr340@psu.edu; pmlesm@engr.psu.edu; alelis@arl.army.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1891-6 PY 2007 BP 499 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BHR89 UT WOS:000255857100256 ER PT B AU Biggerstaff, TL McClellan, RD Lelis, A Zheleva, T Haney, S Agarwal, A Windl, W Wang, S Duscher, G AF Biggerstaff, Trinity L. McClellan, Ryan D. Lelis, Aivars Zheleva, Tsvetanka Haney, Sarah Agarwal, Anant Windl, Wolfgang Wang, Sanwu Duscher, Gerd GP IEEE TI Characterization of the origin of band states in the SiC/SiO2 interface SO 2007 INTERNATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium CY DEC 12-14, 2007 CL College Pk, MD C1 [Biggerstaff, Trinity L.; McClellan, Ryan D.; Haney, Sarah; Duscher, Gerd] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lelis, Aivars; Zheleva, Tsvetanka] US Army, Div Elect Microscopy, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Haney, Sarah; Agarwal, Anant] Silicon Carbide Device Fabricat Inc, Crete, NE USA. [Windl, Wolfgang] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Wang, Sanwu] Univ Tulsa, Dept Phys, Tulsa, OK USA. RP Biggerstaff, TL (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Windl, Wolfgang/C-7255-2012; Duscher, Gerd/G-1730-2014 OI Windl, Wolfgang/0000-0001-5892-0684; Duscher, Gerd/0000-0002-2039-548X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1891-6 PY 2007 BP 501 EP 501 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BHR89 UT WOS:000255857100257 ER PT B AU Potbhare, S Goldsman, N Lelis, A AF Potbhare, Siddharth Goldsman, Neil Lelis, Aivars GP IEEE TI High temperature high field numerical modeling and experimental characterization of 4H-SiC MOSFETs SO 2007 INTERNATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium CY DEC 12-14, 2007 CL College Pk, MD C1 [Potbhare, Siddharth; Goldsman, Neil] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Lelis, Aivars] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Potbhare, S (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM potbhare@umd.edu; neil@umd.edu; alelis@arl.army.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1891-6 PY 2007 BP 502 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BHR89 UT WOS:000255857100258 ER PT B AU Wijewarnasuriva, PS Dhar, NK AF Wijewarnasuriva, Privalal S. Dhar, Nibir K. GP IEEE TI Non-equilibrium operation of arsenic diffused long-wavelength infrared HgCdTe photodiodes SO 2007 INTERNATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium CY DEC 12-14, 2007 CL College Pk, MD C1 [Wijewarnasuriva, Privalal S.; Dhar, Nibir K.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wijewarnasuriva, PS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill RD, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1891-6 PY 2007 BP 573 EP 574 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BHR89 UT WOS:000255857100296 ER PT B AU Brown, ER Brown, EB Woolard, DL AF Brown, E. R. Brown, E. B. Woolard, D. L. GP IEEE TI Demonstration of a differential-absorption radar (DAR) on the resonant signature of a biochemical aerosol at 530 GHz SO 2007 JOINT 32ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED AND MILLIMETER WAVES AND 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TERAHERTZ ELECTRONICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint 32nd International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves/15th International Conference on Terahertz Electronics CY SEP 03-09, 2007 CL Cardiff, ENGLAND SP IEEE, Inst Phys, Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IEEE MTTS AB A positive detection is made of the resonant absorption signature of a biomolecular aerosol (lactose monohydrate) centered at 530 GHz using an incoherent bistatic radar and a custom aerosol generator. C1 [Brown, E. R.; Brown, E. B.] LLC, Phys Domains, Glendale, CA 91214 USA. [Woolard, D. L.] US Army, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Brown, ER (reprint author), LLC, Phys Domains, Glendale, CA 91214 USA. FU U.S. Army Research Office through STTR FX To the best of our knowledge, the results presented here represent the first measurement of aTHz resonant signature from a molecular solid in aerosol form. Future work must demonstrate this capability at a stand-off. This work was sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Office through an STTR. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1438-3 PY 2007 BP 909 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BIA55 UT WOS:000257936900417 ER PT B AU Barnes, L Fields, M Valavanis, K AF Barnes, Laura Fields, MaryAnne Valavanis, Kimon GP IEEE TI Unmanned ground vehicle swarm formation control using potential fields SO 2007 MEDITERRANEAN CONFERENCE ON CONTROL & AUTOMATION, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation CY JUN 27-29, 2007 CL Athens, GREECE SP ADVANTECH SA, Univ Texas Arlington, Automat & Robot Res Inst, Natl Tech Univ Athens, Tech Univ Crete, Univ S Florida, Univ Zagreb, IEEE Control Syst Soc, IEEE Robot & Automat Soc, Mediterranean Control Assoc DE swarms; formation control AB A novel technique is presented for organizing swarms of robots into formation utilizing artificial potential fields generated from normal and sigmoid functions. These functions construct the surface swarm members travel on, controlling the overall swarm geometry and the individual member spacing. Limiting functions are defined to provide tighter swarm control by modifying. and adjusting a set of control variables forcing the swarm to behave according to set constraints, formation and member spacing. The swarm function and limiting functions are combined to control swarm formation, orientation, and swarm movement as a whole. Parameters are chosen based on desired formation as well as user defined constraints. This approach compared to others, is simple, computationally efficient, scales well to different swarm sizes, to heterogeneous systems, and to both centralized and decentralized swarm models. Simulation results are presented for a swarm of four and ten particles following circle, ellipse and wedge formations. Experimental results are also included with four unmanned ground vehicles (UGV). C1 [Barnes, Laura; Valavanis, Kimon] Univ S Florida, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Fields, MaryAnne] US Army, \, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Barnes, L (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; U.S. Department of Energy and US ARL; [ARO W911NF-06-1-0069]; [SPAWAR N00039-06-C-0062] FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to Student Research Participation Program at U.S. Army Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and US ARL. This work was also supported partially by two grants ARO W911NF-06-1-0069 and SPAWAR N00039- 06-C-0062. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1281-5 PY 2007 BP 1794 EP + PG 3 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Industrial SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA BHW82 UT WOS:000257100800307 ER PT B AU Alvis, W Murthy, S Valavanis, K Moreno, W Fields, M Katkoori, S AF Alvis, W. Murthy, S. Valavanis, K. Moreno, W. Fields, M. Katkoori, S. GP IEEE TI FPGA based flexible autopilot platform for unmanned systems SO 2007 MEDITERRANEAN CONFERENCE ON CONTROL & AUTOMATION, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation CY JUN 27-29, 2007 CL Athens, GREECE SP ADVANTECH SA, Univ Texas Arlington, Automat & Robot Res Inst, Natl Tech Univ Athens, Tech Univ Crete, Univ S Florida, Univ Zagreb, IEEE Control Syst Soc, IEEE Robot & Automat Soc, Mediterranean Control Assoc DE unmanned vehicles; autopilot; hardware-in-the-loop; FPGA; MATLAB/Simulink AB Diversity in unmanned vehicle designs and control as well as diversity in casting autopilots lead to moor compatibility issues among different platforms. The small number of different autopilot designs currently available in the market and their limitations, justifies the rationale for proposing design of a new modular, flexible easy to integrate autopilot, suitable for multiple platforms. A discussion and comparison of the state of the art in autopilot research is presented, followed by the introduction of an autopilot design that will provide a novel and well-needed processing platform for unmanned systems. The design is fully integrated with MATLAB/Simulink allowing for both simplified high level programming and hardware-in-the-loop capabilities, and provides a flexible FPGA-based platform that maximizes parallel processing and allows for analog signal conditioning that can be modified through digital communication from FPGA processor. C1 [Alvis, W.; Murthy, S.; Valavanis, K.; Moreno, W.; Katkoori, S.] Univ S Florida, CSE, Unmanned Syst Lab, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Fields, M.] Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Alvis, W (reprint author), Univ S Florida, CSE, Unmanned Syst Lab, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. FU U. S. Army Research Laboratory administered; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; U.S. Department of Energy and US ARL; ARO [W911NF-061-0069, SP A W AR N0003906-C-0062] FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to Student Research Participation Program at U. S. Army Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and US ARL. This work was also supported partially by two grants ARO W911NF-061-0069 and SP A W AR N0003906-C-0062. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1281-5 PY 2007 BP 1825 EP + PG 3 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Industrial SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA BHW82 UT WOS:000257100800312 ER PT B AU Damarla, T Kaplan, L Chan, A AF Damarla, Thyagaraju Kaplan, Lance Chan, Alex GP IEEE TI Human infrastructure and human activity detection SO 2007 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Information Fusion CY JUL, 2007 CL Quebec City, CANADA DE sensor fusion; spatial-temporal processing; human infrastructure; human activity ID IMAGE SEGMENTATION; REGION AB Prior to committing personnel to investigate a building or suspicious site such as a cave, it is imperative to determine the importance and current danger of the site. To this end, sensors on a robotic platform can interrogate the site prior to sending in personnel This paper investigates methods to exploit multiple sensor modalities in order to automatically 1) detect human presence, and 2) detect human infrastructure and recent human activity. The paper describes 10 experimental scenarios to support these two tasks, demonstrates what type of inference each modality can make, and shows how to fuse the information from all sensors. Experimental results are also provided for the detection of the presence of humans. C1 [Damarla, Thyagaraju; Kaplan, Lance; Chan, Alex] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Damarla, T (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-662-47830-0 PY 2007 BP 1168 EP 1175 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing GA BHW08 UT WOS:000256950200159 ER PT S AU Peck, L Lacombe, J AF Peck, Lindamae Lacombe, James BE Sanson, LD TI Seismic-based personnel detection SO 41ST ANNUAL IEEE INTERNATIONAL CARNAHAN CONFERENCE ON SECURITY TECHNOLOGY, PROCEEDINGS SE CARNAHAN CONFERENCE ON SECURITY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology CY OCT 08-11, 2007 CL Ottawa, CANADA SP IEEE Lexington Sect, IEEE Aerosp & Elect, Chung Shan Inst Sci, Natl Cent Univ DE seismic sensors; personnel detection; intrusion detection; perimeter security ID FOOTSTEP DETECTION; SENSORS AB The U.S. Army's Engineer Research and Development Center - Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory is investigating the feasibility of seismic-based personnel detection in non-traditional applications. A detection algorithm specific to footstep-induced ground motion has been tested against field data representing pedestrian and vehicle movement. Detection ranges greater than those of commercial systems and discrimination against vehicle-induced ground motion have been realized. Details of the algorithm performance, progress in the development of a personnel detection system, tactics for its use in seismically cluttered environments, and deployment guidance for incorporating seismic personnel detection in security designs are presented. C1 [Peck, Lindamae; Lacombe, James] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Peck, L (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0737-1160 BN 978-1-4244-1129-0 J9 CAR C SECUR PY 2007 BP 169 EP 175 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGX99 UT WOS:000251219600026 ER PT B AU Miroshnikova, O Hudson, T Gerena, L Kyle, D Lin, A AF Miroshnikova, O. Hudson, T. Gerena, L. Kyle, D. Lin, A. BE Boeree, MJ TI Synthesis and antimalarial activity of new isotebuquine analogs SO 5TH EUROPEAN CONGRESS ON TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th European Congress on Tropical Medicine and International Health CY MAY 24-28, 2007 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; AMODIAQUINE; DISPOSITION; GROWTH; AGENTS; DRUGS AB Clinical use of amodiaquine (AQ) and tebuquine (TQ) were compromised due to hepatoxicity and agranulocytosis side effects. Lysosomal accumulation and bioactivation to generate reactive quinoneimine metabolite are implicated to be the cause of AQ and TQ toxicities. To avoid the quinoneimine formation and thus the toxicity, a series of isotebuquine analogs (I) and their N-omega- oxides (II) with hydroxy group meta to the amino group of aniline were prepared. The new isoquines are highly active against chloroquine (CQ)sensitive (D6) and CQ-resistant (W2 and TM91C235) clones of P.,falciporum, IC50 = 0.3-120 ng/mL and are 1000 fold less toxic (IC50 = 0.7-6 mu g/mL) to mouse macrophage cell line than to parasites. No appreciable differences in either toxicity or efficacy were observed between the new Mannich bases and tebuquine. C1 [Miroshnikova, O.; Hudson, T.; Gerena, L.; Kyle, D.; Lin, A.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Miroshnikova, O (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Hudson, Thomas/A-9152-2011 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MEDIMOND S R L PI 40128 BOLOGNA PA VIA MASERATI 5, 40128 BOLOGNA, 00000, ITALY BN 978-88-7587-356-1 PY 2007 BP 177 EP 180 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA BHX77 UT WOS:000257300900028 ER PT S AU Malone, PG Weiss, CA Day, DC Sykes, MC Baugher, EH AF Malone, Philip G. Weiss, Charles A., Jr. Day, Donna C. Sykes, Melvin C. Baugher, Earl H. BE Faust, WD TI THE USE OF SPECIALIZED ENAMEL COATINGS TO BOND CONCRETE TO STEEL SO 68TH PORCELAIN ENAMEL INSTITUTE TECHNICAL FORUM SE Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 68th Porcelain Enamel Institute Technical Forum CY MAY 15-18, 2006 CL Nashville, TN SP Amer Ceram Soc AB Concrete and steel typically form weak bonds when steel reinforcement is used in concrete. A coupling layer fused to the surface of the steel should be capable of improving the ability of the steel to adhere to the surrounding concrete. Pull-out tests done on smooth steel rods that had been coated with porcelain enamel and also by enamel that was altered by the addition of mineral additives indicate that the mineral additives can increase the force require to extract the rods from a Portland cement mortar embedment. Small increases in maximum pull-out force occurred with enameled test rods abraded with Portland cement. An increase in maximum pullout force that amounted to three times that obtained with bare steel was observed when Portland cement was fused onto the enameled steel. Porcelain enamel is recognized as an excellent method of protecting steel from corrosion. Specially formulated porcelain enamel may serve the dual purpose of protecting the steel reinforcement from concrete and improving the bond of the steel to surrounding concrete. C1 [Malone, Philip G.; Weiss, Charles A., Jr.; Day, Donna C.; Sykes, Melvin C.; Baugher, Earl H.] USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Malone, PG (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 BN 978-0-470-09735-9 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2007 VL 27 IS 9 BP 83 EP 88 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BSM85 UT WOS:000284973000007 ER PT J AU Faraj, JA Dorati, R Schoubben, A Worthen, D Selmin, F Capan, Y Leung, K DeLuca, PP AF Faraj, Jabar A. Dorati, Rossella Schoubben, Aurelie Worthen, David Selmin, Francesca Capan, Yilmaz Leung, Kai DeLuca, Patrick P. TI Development of a peptide-containing chewing gum as a sustained release antiplaque antimicrobial delivery system SO AAPS PHARMSCITECH LA English DT Article DE KSL-W; chewing gum; sustained release; cetylpyridinium chloride; antiplaque; antimicrobial; peptide; stability ID HABITUAL XYLITOL CONSUMERS; HUMAN ORAL CAVITY; PLAQUE-FORMATION; IN-VITRO; CHLORHEXIDINE; DECAPEPTIDE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; RETENTION; KINETICS; AGENT AB The objective of this study was to characterize the stability of KSL-W, an antimicrobial decapeptide shown to inhibit the growth of oral bacterial strains associated with caries development and plaque formation, and its potential as an antiplaque agent in a chewing gum formulation. KSL-W formulations with or without the commercial antibacterial agent cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) were prepared. The release of KSL-W from the gums was assessed in vitro using a chewing gum apparatus and in vivo by a chew-out method. A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed for assaying KSL-W. Raw material stability and temperature and pH effects on the stability of KSL-W solutions and interactions of KSL-W with tooth-like material, hydroxyapatite discs, were investigated. KSL-W was most stable in acidic aqueous solutions and underwent rapid hydrolysis in base. It was stable to enzymatic degradation in human saliva for 1 hour but was degraded by pancreatic serine proteases. KSL-W readily adsorbed to hydroxyapatite, suggesting that it will also adsorb to the teeth when delivered to the oral cavity. The inclusion of CPC caused a large increase in the rate and extent of KSL-W released from the gums. The gum formulations displayed promising in vitro/ in vivo release profiles, wherein as much as 90% of the KSL-W was released in a sustained manner within 30 minutes in vivo. These results suggest that KSL-W possesses the stability, adsorption, and release characteristics necessary for local delivery to the oral cavity in a chewing gum formulation, thereby serving as a novel antiplaque agent. C1 Hacettepe Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Technol, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey. Univ Kentucky, Coll Pharm, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Lexington, KY USA. Univ Pavia, Dept Med Chem, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Perugia, Dept Chem & Technol Drugs, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Milan, Inst Med Chem & Toxicol, I-20122 Milan, Italy. USA, Dental & Trauma Res Detachment, Microbiol Branch, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Great Lakes, IL USA. RP Capan, Y (reprint author), Hacettepe Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Technol, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey. EM ycapan@hacettepe.edu.tr OI Dorati, Rossella/0000-0001-5774-9547 NR 32 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1530-9932 J9 AAPS PHARMSCITECH JI AAPS PharmSciTech PY 2007 VL 8 IS 1 AR 26 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 160LS UT WOS:000245943100025 PM 17408225 ER PT J AU Ordway, FI Dahm, WK Dannenberg, K Haeussermann, W Reisig, G Stuhlinger, E von Tiesenhausen, G Willhite, I AF Ordway, Frederick I., III Dahm, Werner K. Dannenberg, Konrad Haeussermann, Walter Reisig, Gerhard Stuhlinger, Ernst von Tiesenhausen, Georg Willhite, Irene TI A memoir: From peenemunde to USA: A classic case of technology transfer SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 54th International-Astronautical-Federation Congress (IAF) CY SEP 29-OCT 03, 2003 CL Bremen, GERMANY SP Int Astronaut Federat AB This paper traces the development of rocket technology in Germany from the 1930s and 1940s that led to the massive, and historically unprecedented, transfer of rocket, missile, launch-vehicle and related technologies to the post-World-War-II United States. This achievement was made possible by an initial group of 118 German rocket specialists to which others were gradually added. The contributions to rocketry, upper atmosphere and space research, and eventually manned space travel provided by Germany's Wernher von Braun and his team of engineers, scientists, technicians and support personnel is, in particular, described, and the ongoing influence of the innovations they introduced is considered. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Marshall Univ Alabama, USA, Redstone Arsenal, Huntsville, AL USA. US Space & Rocket Ctr, Saturn V Restorat Comm, Huntsville, AL USA. NASA, Peenemunde USA Ft Bliss White Sands, Redstone Arsenal, Huntsville, AL USA. One Tranquil Base, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. RP Ordway, FI (reprint author), Marshall Univ Alabama, USA, Redstone Arsenal, Huntsville, AL USA. EM ordmars@aol.com; irenew@spacecamp.com RI Yin, Yimei/G-7749-2012 NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0094-5765 J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT JI Acta Astronaut. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 60 IS 1 BP 24 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2006.05.003 PG 24 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 100YG UT WOS:000241705500004 ER PT S AU Swab, JJ Wereszczak, AA Pritchett, J Johanns, K AF Swab, Jeffrey J. Wereszczak, Andrew A. Pritchett, Justin Johanns, Kurt BE Franks, LP Wereszczak, A LaraCurzio, E TI INFLUENCE OF MICROSTRUCTURE ON THE INDENTATION-INDUCED DAMAGE IN SILICON CARBIDE SO ADVANCES IN CERAMIC ARMOR II SE Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th International Conference and Exposition on Advanced Ceramics and Composites CY JAN 22-27, 2006 CL Cocoa Beach, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc, Engn Ceram Div ID BRITTLENESS; CERAMICS; HARDNESS AB It is well documented that the microstructure (porosity, grain size, grain boundary composition, etc.) will influence the hardness of a ceramic. However it is not fully understood how these changes may affect the damage that results from the indentation process. In this effort, the density and grain size were varied in silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics. The materials were then subjected to Knoop and spherical indentations. After indentation the resulting damage in each material was assessed, compared, and correlated to the hardness and variations in the microstructure. C1 [Swab, Jeffrey J.; Pritchett, Justin] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Swab, JJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RI Wereszczak, Andrew/I-7310-2016 OI Wereszczak, Andrew/0000-0002-8344-092X NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 BN 978-0-470-08057-3 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2007 VL 27 IS 7 BP 251 EP 258 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BSL04 UT WOS:000284804200022 ER PT S AU Romano, JM Rosario, D AF Romano, Joao M. Rosario, Dalton BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI Random sampling statistical analysis for adaptive target-scale-invariant hyperspectral anomaly detection - art. no. 656522 SO Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XIII CY APR 09-12, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE parallel anomaly detection; hyperspectral imagery; and random sampling AB Ground to ground, sensor to object viewing perspective presents a major challenge for autonomous window based object detection, since object scales at this viewing perspective cannot be approximated. In this paper, we present a fully autonomous parallel approach to address this challenge. Using hyperspectral (HS) imagery as input, the approach features a random sampling stage, which does not require secondary information (range) about the targets; a parallel process is introduced to mitigate the inclusion by chance of target samples into clutter background classes during random sampling; and a fusion of results. The probability of sampling targets by chance within the parallel processes is modeled by the binomial distribution family, which can assist on tradeoff decisions. Since this approach relies on the effectiveness of its core algorithmic detection technique, we also propose a compact test statistic for anomaly detection, which is based on a principle of indirect comparison. This detection technique has shown to preserve meaningful detections (genuine anomalies in the scene) while significantly reducing the number of false positives (e.g. transitions of background regions). To capture the influence of parametric changes using both the binomial distribution family and actual HS imagery.. we conducted a series of rigid statistical experiments and present the results in this paper. C1 USA, Armament Res & Dev Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Romano, JM (reprint author), USA, Armament Res & Dev Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6687-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6565 BP 56522 EP 56522 AR 656522 DI 10.1117/12.719082 PG 9 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGO62 UT WOS:000249044300070 ER PT S AU Casey, JT Lach, SR Kerekes, JP AF Casey, Jason T. Lach, Stephen R. Kerekes, John P. BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI Processing misregistered hyperspectral data - art. no. 65651D SO Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XIII CY APR 09-12, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE registration; misregistration; target detection; spatial; spectral AB Many hyperspectral sensors collect data using multiple spectrometers to span a broad spectral range. These spectrometers can be fed by optical fibers on the same or separate focal planes. The Modular Imaging Spectrometer Instrument (MISI), a 70 band line scanner built by the Rochester Institute of Technology, is configured in this manner. Visible and near infrared spectrometers at the primary focal plane are each fed by their own optical fiber. The spatial offset between the two fibers on the focal plane causes an inherent misregistration between the two sets of spectral bands. This configuration causes a relatively complicated misregistration which cannot be corrected with a simple shift or rotation of the data. This mismatch between spectral channels has detrimental effects on the spectral purity of each pixel, especially when dealing with the application of sub-pixel target detection. A geometric model of the sensor has been developed to solve for the misregistration and achieve image rectification. This paper addresses the issues in dealing with the misregistration and techniques used to improve spectral purity on a per pixel basis. C1 USA, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Casey, JT (reprint author), USA, 54 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6687-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6565 BP D5651 EP D5651 AR 65651D DI 10.1117/12.720123 PG 10 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGO62 UT WOS:000249044300045 ER PT J AU Chang, SY Carr, W AF Chang, Suyoung Carr, Warner TI Urticarial vasculitis SO ALLERGY AND ASTHMA PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article DE cutaneous; hypocomplementemic; leukocytoclastic; urticaria; vasculitis ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS AB A case of urticarial vasculitis (UV) is presented. The pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and management of this disease arc reviewed, followed by clinical pearls and pitfalls for the practicing allergist (Venzor J, et al., Urticarial vasculitis, Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 23:201-216, 2002). The lesions in UV typically lasts > 24 hours in a fixed location, resolves with residual hyperpigmentation, and may or may not be pruritic. In contrast, standard urticaria lesions persist < 24 hours, leave no trace, and is always pruritic (Black AK, Urticarial vasculitis, Clin Dermatol 17:565-569, 1999). Since urticarial vasculitis is characterized by a variety of cutaneous, systemic, and serological features, different names of this disorder exist in the literature (Wisnieski JJ, Urticarial vasculitis, Curr Opin Rheumatol 12:24-31, 2000). A biopsy of an active lesion remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of urticarial vasculitis. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Chang, SY (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM stinachang@verizon.net NR 17 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU OCEAN SIDE PUBLICATIONS INC PI PROVIDENCE PA 95 PITMAN ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02906 USA SN 1088-5412 J9 ALLERGY ASTHMA PROC JI Allergy Asthma Proc. PD JAN-FEB PY 2007 VL 28 IS 1 BP 97 EP 100 DI 10.2500/aap.2007.28.2972 PG 4 WC Allergy SC Allergy GA 136ZQ UT WOS:000244263000019 PM 17390766 ER PT J AU Tsuneishi, S Tsuneishi, P AF Tsuneishi, Satoru Tsuneishi, Paul TI Letters of Satoru and Paul Tsuneishi SO AMERASIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 [Tsuneishi, Paul] USA, MIS, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASIAN AMER STUDIES CNTR PI LOS ANGELES PA UNIV CALIF, 3230 CAMPBELL HALL, 405 HILGARD AVE, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095-1546 USA SN 0044-7471 J9 AMERASIA J JI Amerasia J. PY 2007 VL 33 IS 3 BP 102 EP 109 PG 8 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA V52JV UT WOS:000203540700011 ER PT J AU Lande, RG Marin, BA Chang, AS Mason, S Lande, GR AF Lande, R. Gregory Marin, Barbara A. Chang, Audrey S. Mason, Sarah Lande, Galen R. TI A survey of alcohol consumption among first-year military medical students SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE LA English DT Article DE binge drinking; survey ID PHYSICIANS; DRINKING; SCHOOL AB First- year medical students ( n= 138) at the U. S. Military's Medical School report frequent binge drinking. Nearly one fifth of female and one third of male students report at least one episode of binge drinking in the two weeks preceding a survey of alcohol use. Only one fifth of the medical students reported an interest in an expanded addiction medicine curriculum. The authors' promoted the use of a survey to bridge the gap between self assessment and learning. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Subst Abuse Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. GRL Technol Prod & Serv LLC, Silverspring, MD USA. RP Lande, RG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Subst Abuse Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM rglande@pol.net NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0095-2990 J9 AM J DRUG ALCOHOL AB JI Am. J. Drug Alcohol Abuse PY 2007 VL 33 IS 4 BP 605 EP 610 DI 10.1080/00952990701407678 PG 6 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 195YU UT WOS:000248449200012 PM 17668346 ER PT J AU Gordon, MC Ventura-Braswell, A Higby, K Ward, JA AF Gordon, Michael C. Ventura-Braswell, Ada Higby, Kenneth Ward, John A. TI Does local anesthesia decrease pain perception in women undergoing amniocentesis? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article AB In a prospective randomized study of a racially diverse population, administration of local anesthesia before amniocentesis did not alter maternal pain perception. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Lackland AFB, TX USA. RP Gordon, MC (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 196 IS 1 BP 55 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2006.08.025 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 127GA UT WOS:000243572100019 ER PT J AU Maturo, SC Michaelson, PG Faulkner, JA AF Maturo, Stephen C. Michaelson, Peter G. Faulkner, Jeffrey A. TI Primary branchiogenic carcinoma: the confusion continues SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; CLEFT CYST; NECK AB As in many specialties, otolaryngology is not without diagnosis surrounded, by controversy. This report discusses the entity known as the primary branchial cleft carcinoma, which has been argued by some to be no more than metastatic disease of the unknown primary. Although the disease is rare, the consideration of this diagnosis requires careful thought and analysis by the otolaryngologist, pathologist, and radiation oncologist so that a rational treatment plan can be offered to the patient. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Maturo, SC (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, 2200 Bergquist Dr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. EM stephen.maturo@lackland.af.mil NR 7 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0196-0709 J9 AM J OTOLARYNG JI Am. J. Otolaryngol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2007 VL 28 IS 1 BP 25 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.amjoto.2006.06.005 PG 3 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 120WQ UT WOS:000243117700007 PM 17162127 ER PT J AU Hoge, CW Terhakopian, A Castro, CA Messer, SC Engel, CC AF Hoge, Charles W. Terhakopian, Artin Castro, Carl A. Messer, Stephen C. Engel, Charles C. TI Association of posttraumatic stress disorder with somatic symptoms, health care visits, and absenteeism among Iraq war veterans SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID PERSIAN-GULF-WAR; PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES; PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS; PTSD CHECKLIST; ILLNESS; DEPRESSION; SOLDIERS AB Objective: Studies of soldiers from prior wars conducted many years after combat have shown associations between combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD) and physical health problems. The current Iraq war has posed a considerable PTSD risk, but the association with physical health has not been well studied. Method: The authors studied 2,863 soldiers using standardized self-administered screening instruments 1 year after their return from combat duty in Iraq. Results: Among all participants, 16.6% met screening criteria for PTSD. PTSD was significantly associated with lower ratings of general health, more sick call visits, more missed workdays, more physical symptoms, and high somatic symptom severity. These results remained significant after control for being wounded or injured. Conclusions: The high prevalence of PTSD and its strong association with physical health problems among Iraq war veterans have important implications for delivery of medical services. The medical burden of PTSD includes physical health problems; combat veterans with serious somatic concerns should be evaluated for PTSD. C1 USA Med Res & Mat Command, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hoge, CW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM charles.hoge@us.army.mil NR 25 TC 372 Z9 377 U1 4 U2 22 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 164 IS 1 BP 150 EP 153 DI 10.1176/appi.ajp.164.1.150 PG 4 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 122VX UT WOS:000243256400026 PM 17202557 ER PT J AU Morizot, G Delgiudice, P Caumes, E Laffitte, E Marty, P Dupuy, A Sarfati, C Hadj-Rabia, S Darie, H Le Guern, AS Ben Salah, A Pratlong, F Dedet, JP Grogl, M Buffet, PA AF Morizot, Gloria Delgiudice, Pascal Caumes, Eric Laffitte, Emmanuel Marty, Pierre Dupuy, Alain Sarfati, Claudine Hadj-Rabia, Smain Darie, Herve Le Guern, Anne-Sophie Ben Salah, Afif Pratlong, Francine Dedet, Jean-Pierre Grogl, Max Buffet, Pierre A. TI Healing of old world cutaneous leishmaniasis in travelers treated with fluconazole: Drug effect or spontaneous evolution? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SODIUM STIBOGLUCONATE PENTOSTAM; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; PAROMOMYCIN OINTMENT; DOUBLE-BLIND; CLINICAL-TRIAL; ALLOPURINOL; CHARACTERS; ROSS; IRAN AB The efficacy of fluconazole was evaluated in 35 travelers with parasitologically proven imported Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Leishmania major (mainly MON-25) was identified in 15 patients and strongly suspected given the transmission area in 12 of these patients. Daily oral fluconazole (200 mg/day for adults and 2.5 mg/kg/day for children) was prescribed for six weeks. Outcome definition was based on re-epithelialization rate at day 50. Of the 27 L. major-infected patients, 12 (44.4%) were cured. This cure rate is similar to the placebo cure rate from trials in L. major CL in which, as in the present report, the definition of outcome relied exclusively on re-epithelialization. These data question the assumption that oral fluconazole is consistently effective for treatment of CL caused by L. major. C1 Inst Pasteur, Med Ctr, Pole Rech Biomed Ctr Med, F-75724 Paris 15, France. CHU Pitie Salpetriere, Serv Malad Infect & Trop, Paris, France. Ctr Hosp Frejus, Frejus, France. CHU Vaudois, Serv Dermatol & Venerol, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. Ctr Hosp Univ Nice, Serv Parasitol, Nice, France. Ctr Hosp Univ Necker, Serv Dermatol, Paris, France. Ctr Hosp Univ St Louis, Serv Dermatol, Paris, France. Ctr Hosp Univ St Louis, Serv Parasitol, Paris, France. Inst Pasteur, Tunis, Tunisia. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Ctr Natl Reference Leishmania, Montpellier, France. RP Buffet, PA (reprint author), Inst Pasteur, Med Ctr, Pole Rech Biomed Ctr Med, 28 Rue Dr Roux, F-75724 Paris 15, France. EM pabuffet@pasteur.fr NR 25 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 76 IS 1 BP 48 EP 52 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 127GP UT WOS:000243573800009 PM 17255228 ER PT J AU Myint, KSA Gibbons, RV Murray, CK Rungsimanphaiboon, K Supornpun, W Sithiprasasna, R Gray, MR Pimgate, C Mammen, MP Hospenthal, DR AF Myint, Khin S. A. Gibbons, Robert V. Murray, Clinton K. Rungsimanphaiboon, Kamchai Supornpun, Witaya Sithiprasasna, Ratana Gray, Michael R. Pimgate, Chusak Mammen, Mammen P., Jr. Hospenthal, Duane R. TI Leptospirosis in Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID DIAGNOSIS AB Leptospirosis, which is caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira, is a zoonotic disease of global importance and an emerging health problem. We studied patients suspected of having leptospirosis in Kamphaeng Phet Province, Thailand. Of 106 patients with suspected leptospirosis evaluated at the provincial hospital, 69 (65%) were confirmed positive (titer >= 1:800 or >= 4-fold increase in titer) by microscopic agglutination testing. Seventy-seven percent (53) of the cases occurred during the rainy season (June through November). Sera reacted predominantly with Bratislava, Autumnalis, and Icterohaemorrhagiae serovars. The screening Leptospira Dip-S-Ticks test had poor sensitivity (32%) but a specificity of 100% compared with a Leptospira IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Leptospirosis was found to be a frequently confirmed cause of morbidity in Kamphaeng Phet Province in those suspected of having the illness. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Vet Command, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,7 E-MCHE-MDI, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Clinton.Murray@amedd.army.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 76 IS 1 BP 135 EP 138 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 127GP UT WOS:000243573800023 PM 17255242 ER PT J AU McMasters, JW AF McMasters, Joel W. BA Friedberg, BL BF Friedberg, BL TI Propofol Ketamine Beyond Cosmetic Surgery: Implications for Military Medicine and Mass-Casualty Anesthesia SO ANESTHESIA IN COSMETIC SURGERY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP McMasters, JW (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-52187-090-0 PY 2007 BP 68 EP 71 DI 10.1017/CBO9780511547218.010 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511547218 PG 4 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA BYA95 UT WOS:000297798300010 ER PT J AU Chianese, AR Lee, SJ Gagne, MR AF Chianese, Anthony R. Lee, Stephen J. Gagne, Michel R. TI Electrophilic activation of alkenes by platinum(II): So much more than a slow version of palladium(II) SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Review DE alkene ligands; cyclization; electrophilic addition; homogeneous catalysis; platinum ID CATALYZED INTRAMOLECULAR HYDROALKYLATION; COORDINATED OLEFINIC LIGANDS; DILUTED HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; BETA-KETO-ESTERS; C BOND FORMATION; PT-P BOND; UNACTIVATED OLEFINS; NUCLEOPHILIC-ATTACK; WACKER PROCESS; INTERMOLECULAR HYDROAMINATION C1 Colgate Univ, Dept Chem, Hamilton, NY 13346 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Chianese, AR (reprint author), Colgate Univ, Dept Chem, 13 Oak Dr, Hamilton, NY 13346 USA. EM achianese@colgate.edu RI Chianese, Anthony/B-7859-2010 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-60578] NR 133 TC 188 Z9 189 U1 3 U2 54 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2007 VL 46 IS 22 BP 4042 EP 4059 DI 10.1002/anie.200603954 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 174ZP UT WOS:000246981900006 PM 17487902 ER PT J AU Tarselli, MA Chianese, AR Lee, SJ Gagne, MR AF Tarselli, Michael A. Chianese, Anthony R. Lee, Stephen J. Gagne, Michel R. TI Gold(I)-catalyzed asymmetric cycloisomerization of eneallenes into vinylcyclohexenes SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE asymmetric synthesis; C-C coupling; gold; homogeneous catalysis ID GOLD CATALYSIS; EFFICIENT ACCESS; ALLENES; CYCLIZATION; ENYNES; HYDROAMINATION; CYCLOADDITION; ISOMERIZATION; ACTIVATION; ENALLENES C1 Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Gagne, MR (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM mgagne@unc.edu RI Chianese, Anthony/B-7859-2010; OI Tarselli, Michael A./0000-0003-1285-3134 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-60578] NR 56 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2007 VL 46 IS 35 BP 6670 EP 6673 DI 10.1002/anie.200701959 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 210EG UT WOS:000249438900017 PM 17661298 ER PT J AU Hansen, CJ Russell, KL Smith, TC Neville, JS Krauss, MR Ryan, MAK AF Hansen, Christian J. Russell, Kevin L. Smith, Tyler C. Neville, James S. Krauss, Margot R. Ryan, Margaret A. K. TI Asthma hospitalizations among US military personnel, 1994 to 2004 SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GULF-WAR VETERANS; UNITED-STATES; OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; POPULATION; EXPOSURE; THERAPY; TRENDS; IMPACT; ADULTS; CARE AB Background: Acute asthma attacks strike unpredictably and may lead to hospitalization in otherwise healthy individuals. The burden of asthma hospitalization on the US health care system has greatly interested health care workers, many of whom see the incidence of asthma as increasing. Objectives: To examine the annual incidence of hospitalization and the frequency of subsequent hospitalization for asthma among all active-duty US military personnel between 1994 and 2004 and to determine demographic and occupational risk factors of asthma hospitalization within this generally healthy US population. Methods: Annual demographic and occupational data were combined with electronic hospitalization records for patients with a discharge diagnosis of asthma. Using Cox proportional hazard modeling, the authors investigated demographic and occupational risk factors for asthma hospitalization. Results: Women, married persons, health care workers, enlisted personnel, US Army personnel, and older persons were found to have a significantly greater risk of asthma hospitalization. Yearly rates of hospitalization declined from 22.3 per 100,000 persons to 12.6 per 100,000 persons between 1994 and 2004. Conclusions: Although these data have some limitations, they suggest that the burden of asthma hospitalizations in the large, healthy population of US military personnel has declined during the last decade. The decrease in hospitalization potentially reflects improved outpatient management strategies. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Bethesda, MD USA. Air Force Inst Operat Hlth, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Hansen, CJ (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM Hansen@nhrc.navy.mil NR 54 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 98 IS 1 BP 36 EP 43 PG 8 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 124TV UT WOS:000243393700006 PM 17225718 ER PT J AU Esquivel, J Sticca, R Sugarbaker, P Levine, E Yan, TD Alexander, R Baratti, D Bartlett, D Barone, R Barrios, P Bieligk, S Bretcha-Boix, P Chang, CK Chu, F Chu, Q Daniel, S Debree, E Deraco, M Dominguez-Parra, L Elias, D Flynn, R Foster, J Garofalo, A Gilly, FN Glehen, O Gomez-Portilla, A Gonzalez-Bayon, L Gonzalez-Moreno, S Goodman, M Gushchin, V Hanna, N Hartmann, J Harrison, L Hoefer, R Kane, J Kecmanovic, D Kelley, S Kuhn, J LaMont, J Lange, J Li, B Loggie, B Mahteme, H Mann, G Martin, R Misih, RA Moran, B Morris, D Onate-Ocana, L Petrelli, N Philippe, G Pingpank, J Pitroff, A Piso, P Quinones, M Riley, L Rutstein, L Saha, S Alrawi, S Sardi, A Schneebaum, S Shen, P Shibata, D Spellman, J Stojadinovic, A Stewart, J Torres-Melero, J Tuttle, T Verwaal, V Villar, J Wilkinson, N Younan, R Zeh, H Zoetmulder, F Sebbag, G AF Esquivel, J. Sticca, R. Sugarbaker, P. Levine, E. Yan, T. D. Alexander, R. Baratti, D. Bartlett, D. Barone, R. Barrios, P. Bieligk, S. Bretcha-Boix, P. Chang, C. K. Chu, F. Chu, Q. Daniel, S. deBree, E. Deraco, M. Dominguez-Parra, L. Elias, D. Flynn, R. Foster, J. Garofalo, A. Gilly, F. N. Glehen, O. Gomez-Portilla, A. Gonzalez-Bayon, L. Gonzalez-Moreno, S. Goodman, M. Gushchin, V. Hanna, N. Hartmann, J. Harrison, L. Hoefer, R. Kane, J. Kecmanovic, D. Kelley, S. Kuhn, J. LaMont, J. Lange, J. Li, B. Loggie, B. Mahteme, H. Mann, G. Martin, R. Misih, R. A. Moran, B. Morris, D. Onate-Ocana, L. Petrelli, N. Philippe, G. Pingpank, J. Pitroff, A. Piso, P. Quinones, M. Riley, L. Rutstein, L. Saha, S. Alrawi, S. Sardi, A. Schneebaum, S. Shen, P. Shibata, D. Spellman, J. Stojadinovic, A. Stewart, J. Torres-Melero, J. Tuttle, T. Verwaal, V. Villar, J. Wilkinson, N. Younan, R. Zeh, H. Zoetmulder, F. Sebbag, G. TI Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the management of peritoneal surface malignancies of colonic origin: A consensus statement SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COLORECTAL-CANCER; CARCINOMATOSIS C1 St Agnes Hosp, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ N Dakota, Altru Hosp, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Natl Canc Inst, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Sharp HealthCare, San Diego, CA USA. Hosp San Pablo, Barcelona, Spain. Baltimore Washington Med Ctr, Glen Burnie, MD USA. Hosp San Jaime, Torrevieja, Spain. Walnut Creek Kaiser Permanente, Walnut Creek, CA USA. St George Hosp, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Louisiana State Univ, Shreveport, LA 71105 USA. Crete Univ Hosp, Sch Med, Iraklion, Greece. Inst Nacl Cancerl, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. Inst Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Omaha, NE USA. Osped S Camillo Forlanini, Rome, Italy. Univ Lyon, Lyon, France. Policlin San Jose, Vitoria, Spain. Hosp Gen Univ Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain. MD Anderson Espana, Madrid, Spain. Dorothy E Schneider Canc Ctr, San Mateo, CA USA. Mercy Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. Surg Oncol Associates, Newport News, VA USA. Roswell Pk Canc Ctr, Buffalo, NY USA. First Surg Univ Hosp, Belgrade, Serbia. Univ S Florida, H Lee Moffitt Canc Ctr, Tampa, FL 33682 USA. Baylor Univ, Med Ctr, Dallas, TX USA. Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Akad Univ Hosp, Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Helen F Graham Canc Ctr, Newark, DE USA. N Hampshire Hosp, Basingstoke, Hants, England. Hosp Med Sur, Tlalpan, Mexico. Kantonsspital, Dept Surg, St Gallen, Switzerland. NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Regensburg, D-8400 Regensburg, Germany. Dekalb Med Ctr, Decatur, GA USA. St Lukes Hosp, Bethlehem, PA USA. Maine Med Ctr, Portland, ME 04102 USA. Miami Valley Hosp, Xenia, OH USA. Tel Aviv Sourasky Med Ctr, Tel Aviv, Israel. Beebe Med Christiana Care, Lewes, DE USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Hosp Torrecardenas, Almeria, Spain. Fairview Univ, Med Ctr, Minneapolis, MN USA. Netherlands Canc Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Hosp Virgen Las Nieves, Granada, Spain. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. Soroka Univ, Med Ctr, Beer Sheva, Israel. RP Esquivel, J (reprint author), St Agnes Hosp, Baltimore, MD USA. EM jesusesquivel@yahoo.com RI Baratti, Dario/E-5502-2017 OI Baratti, Dario/0000-0002-5442-2642 NR 11 TC 222 Z9 232 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 14 IS 1 BP 128 EP 133 DI 10.1245/s10434-006-9185-7 PG 6 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 117CL UT WOS:000242850200016 PM 17072675 ER PT J AU Sallum, MAM Foster, PG Li, C Sithiprasasna, R Wilkerson, RC AF Mureb Sallum, Maria Anice Foster, Peter G. Li, Cong Sithiprasasna, Ratana Wilkerson, Richard C. TI Phylogeny of the leucosphyrus group of Anopheles (Cellia) (Diptera : Culicidae) based on mitochondrial gene sequences SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Anopheles; Leucosphyrus Group; phylogeny; COI; ND6 ID DIRUS COMPLEX; SOUTHEAST-ASIA; CYTOGENETIC EVIDENCE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MALARIA VECTORS; THAILAND; IDENTIFICATION; MOSQUITOS; TRANSMISSION; CHROMOSOMES AB We evaluated fragments of the mitochondrial COI and ND6 genes to explore phylogenetic relationships among 13 of the 20 species of the Leucosphyrus Group of Anopheles (Cellia) (Diptera: Culicidae), including all four of the currently recognized complexes. Nucleotide sequence data were analyzed using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian methods. The results revealed the monophyly of the Leucosphyrus Group and the Hackeri and Riparis Subgroups; however, the Leucosphyrus Subgroup and the Leucosphyrus Complex were recovered as polyphyletic. The monophyly of the Dirus Complex was corroborated by all the analyses but with discordance in the placement of An, balabacensis Baisas. The maximum parsimony strict consensus tree and maximum likelihood topology support the placement of An. balabacensis within the Dirus Complex, whereas the Bayesian topology placed the species as sister to the Hackeri and Riparis clade. Support for the split leading to An. latens Sallum & Peyton and An. leucosphyrus Donitz is not strong; however in the maximum likelihood topology by using PHYML, they were recovered in a basal group within the Leucosphyrus Group. C1 Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Epidemiol, Fac Saude Publ, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Nat Hist Museum, Dept Zool, London SW7 5BD, England. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, USA, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Sallum, MAM (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Epidemiol, Fac Saude Publ, Avenida Dr Arnaldo 715, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM masallum@usp.br RI Sallum, Maria/B-8537-2012 NR 58 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 6 U2 7 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMERICA PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 100 IS 1 BP 27 EP 35 DI 10.1603/0013-8746(2007)100[27:POTLGO]2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 124JN UT WOS:000243364200004 ER PT S AU Lei, XG Cheng, WH McClung, JP AF Lei, Xin Gen Cheng, Wen-Hsing McClung, James P. TI Metabolic regulation and function of glutathione peroxidase-1 SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUTRITION SE Annual Review of Nutrition LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE selenium; reactive oxygen species; reactive nitrogen species; signaling; chronic disease ID NF-KAPPA-B; BREAST-CANCER RISK; MITOCHONDRIAL OXIDATIVE STRESS; ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY; DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; BETA-MEDIATED NEUROTOXICITY; SELENOCYSTEINE TRANSFER-RNA; SELENIUM DEFICIENCY; NITRIC-OXIDE; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE AB Glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX1) represents the first identified mammalian selenoprotein, and our understanding in the metabolic regulation and function of this abundant selenoenzyme has greatly advanced during the past decade. Selenocysteine insertion sequence associating factors, adenosine, and Abl and Arg tyrosine kinases are potent, Se-independent regulators of GPX1 gene, protein, and activity. Overwhelming evidences have been generated using the GPX1 knockout and transgenic mice for the in vivo protective role of GPX1 in coping with oxidative injury and death mediated by reactive oxygen species. However, GPX1 exerts an intriguing dual role in reactive nitrogen species (RNS)-related oxidative stress. Strikingly, knockout of GPX1 rendered mice resistant to toxicities of drugs including acetaminophen and kainic acid, known as RNS inducers. Intracellular and tissue levels of GPX1 activity affect apoptotic signaling pathway, protein kinase phosphorylation, and oxidant-mediated activation of NF kappa B. Data are accumulating to link alteration or abnormality of GPX1 expression to etiology of cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, autoimmune disease, and diabetes. Future research should focus on the mechanism of GPX1 in the pathogeneses and potential applications of GPX1 manipulation in the treatment of these disorders. C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NIA, Lab Mol Gerontol, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Lei, XG (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM XL20@Cornell.edu RI McClung, James/A-1989-2009 FU Intramural NIH HHS; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 53018, R01 DK053018] NR 151 TC 110 Z9 119 U1 4 U2 18 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0199-9885 BN 978-0-8243-2827-6 J9 ANNU REV NUTR JI Annu. Rev. Nutr. PY 2007 VL 27 BP 41 EP 61 DI 10.1146/-annurev.nutr.27.061406.093716 PG 23 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 236CK UT WOS:000251280400004 PM 17465855 ER PT J AU Hawley, JS Murray, CK Griffith, ME McElmeel, ML Fulcher, LC Hospenthal, DR Jorgensen, JH AF Hawley, Joshua S. Murray, Clinton K. Griffith, Matthew E. McElmeel, M. Leticia Fulcher, Letitia C. Hospenthal, Duane R. Jorgensen, James H. TI Susceptibility of Acinetobacter strains isolated from deployed US military personnel SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT ACINETOBACTER; ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; TIGECYCLINE; BAUMANNII AB The susceptibilities of 142 Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex isolates (95 from wounded U.S. soldiers deployed overseas) to 13 antimicrobial agents were determined by broth microdilution. The most active antimicrobial agents (>= 95% of isolates susceptible) were colistin, polymyxin B, and minocycline. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Dept Med, MCHE MDI 7E,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Clinton.Murray@amedd.army.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 13 TC 74 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 51 IS 1 BP 376 EP 378 DI 10.1128/AAC.00858-06 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 122GR UT WOS:000243214200054 PM 17043112 ER PT S AU Shen, W Wang, F Boroyevich, D Tipton, CW AF Shen, W. Wang, F. Boroyevich, D. Tipton, C. W. GP IEEE TI Loss characterization and calculation of nanocrystalline cores for high-frequency magnetics applications SO APEC 2007: TWENTY-SECOND ANNUAL IEEE APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC 2007) CY FEB 25-MAR 01, 2007 CL Anaheim, CA SP IEEE, Power Sources Manufacturers Assoc, IEEE Power Elect Soc, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc DE nanocrystalline magnetic material; core loss calculation; high frequency magnetics ID HIGH-POWER; TRANSFORMER; RIBBON AB The loss density of the nanocrystalline material is experimentally characterized up to 500 kHz and above 1 Tesla in this paper. Flux density and loss density of the material under high operating temperature (150 degrees C) are calibrated and reported. The core preparing effect on magnetic loss density is also identified by experiments, which provides information necessary to practical magnetic designs. A new empirical core loss calculation method has been proposed and verified for the nanocrystalline material under resonant operations that are popular in high-frequency power converter applications. C1 [Shen, W.] USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Wang, F.; Boroyevich, D.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Ctr Power Elect Syst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Tipton, C. W.] Linear Technol Corp, Milpitas, CA 95035 USA. RP Shen, W (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM wangfred@vt.edu FU U.S. Army Research Lab (ARL) [DAAD19-03-2-0008]; National Science Foundation [EEC-9731677] FX Manuscript received February 11, 2007; revised July 17, 2007. This work was supported by the U.S. Army Research Lab (ARL) under Grant DAAD19-03-2-0008 and made use of ERC Shared Facilities supported by the National Science Foundation under Award EEC-9731677. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1048-2334 BN 978-1-4244-0713-2 J9 APPL POWER ELECT CO PY 2007 BP 90 EP + DI 10.1109/APEX.2007.357500 PG 2 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BGE88 UT WOS:000246361100013 ER PT S AU Sheng, H Shen, W Wang, H Fu, D Pei, Y Yang, X Wang, F Boroyevih, D Lee, FC Tipton, CW AF Sheng, H. Shen, W. Wang, H. Fu, D. Pei, Y. Yang, X. Wang, F. Boroyevih, D. Lee, F. C. Tipton, C. W. GP IEEE TI Design and implementation of high power density three-level parallel resonant converter for capacitor charger SO APEC 2007: TWENTY-SECOND ANNUAL IEEE APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC 2007) CY FEB 25-MAR 01, 2007 CL Anaheim, CA SP IEEE, Power Sources Manufacturers Assoc, IEEE Power Elect Soc, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc ID FREQUENCY AB This paper describes the design and implementation of a prototype 30kW, 200kHz pulsed power supply. A power density greater than 100W/inch(3) is achieved with the converter operating at a high ambient temperature of 65 degrees C, by utilizing various technologies on topology, control, devices, passives, and thermal management, which can help reduce the converter size. The experimental results demonstrate that the converter meets the performance requirements while achieving the high power density. C1 [Tipton, C. W.] USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Sheng, H.; Shen, W.; Wang, H.; Fu, D.; Pei, Y.; Yang, X.; Wang, F.; Boroyevih, D.; Lee, F. C.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ctr Power Elect Syst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Tipton, CW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI fu, dianbo/D-5548-2011 FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) [DAAD19-03-2-0008]; National Science Foundation [EEC-9731677]; CPES Industry Partnership Program FX This work was supported by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) under the grant DAAD19-03-2-0008. This work also made use of Engineering Research Center Shared Facilities supported by the National Science Foundation under NSF Award Number EEC-9731677 and the CPES Industry Partnership Program. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1048-2334 BN 978-1-4244-0713-2 J9 APPL POWER ELECT CO PY 2007 BP 745 EP + DI 10.1109/APEX.2007.357598 PG 2 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BGE88 UT WOS:000246361100111 ER PT S AU Salem, TE Urciuoh, DP Lubomirsky, V Ovrebo, GK AF Salem, T. E. Urciuoh, D. P. Lubomirsky, V. Ovrebo, G. K. GP IEEE TI Design considerations for high power enductors in DC-DC converters SO APEC 2007: TWENTY-SECOND ANNUAL IEEE APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC 2007) CY FEB 25-MAR 01, 2007 CL Anaheim, CA SP IEEE, Power Sources Manufacturers Assoc, IEEE Power Elect Soc, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc AB The demand for high density power conversion systems has led to numerous material developments for passive circuit components. Typically, these innovations improve thermal capabilities, enable higher switching frequencies, and increase component efficiency. For inductors, research has focused on formulating low-loss core materials such as distributed gap and nanocrystalline alloy materials that can be manufactured in appropriate core geometries. This paper presents a discussion of design trade-offs for core and winding implementations using these materials. Empirical results for power loss as well as temperature rise based on thermal management are presented for both distributed gap and nanocyrstalline alloy cores used in a high power DC-DC converter. C1 [Salem, T. E.] USN Acad, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21042 USA. [Urciuoh, D. P.; Ovrebo, G. K.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Lubomirsky, V.] Berkley Res Assoc, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Salem, TE (reprint author), USN Acad, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21042 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1048-2334 BN 978-1-4244-0713-2 J9 APPL POWER ELECT CO PY 2007 BP 1258 EP + DI 10.1109/APEX.2007.357676 PG 2 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BGE88 UT WOS:000246361100188 ER PT S AU Sheng, H Pei, Y Yang, X Wang, F Tipton, CW AF Sheng, H. Pei, Y. Yang, X. Wang, F. Tipton, C. W. GP IEEE TI Frequency tracking control for a capacitor-charging parallel resonant converter with phase-locked loop SO APEC 2007: TWENTY-SECOND ANNUAL IEEE APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC 2007) CY FEB 25-MAR 01, 2007 CL Anaheim, CA SP IEEE, Power Sources Manufacturers Assoc, IEEE Power Elect Soc, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc AB This study investigates a phase-locked loop (PLL) controlled parallel resonant converter (PRC) for a pulse power capacitor charging application. The dynamic nature of the capacitor charging is such that it causes a shift in the resonant frequency of the PRC. Using the proposed control method, the PRC can be optimized to operate with its maximum power capability and guarantee ZVS operation, even when the input voltage and resonant tank parameters vary. The detailed implementation of the PLL controller, as well as the determination of dead-time and leading time, is presented in this paper. Simulation and experimental results verify the performance of the proposed control method. C1 [Sheng, H.; Pei, Y.; Yang, X.; Wang, F.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Ctr Power Elect Syst, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Tipton, C. W.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sheng, H (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Ctr Power Elect Syst, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) [DAAD19-03-2-0008]; National Science Foundation [EEC-9731677]; CPES FX This work was supported by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) under the grant DAAD19-03-2-0008. This work also made use of Engineering Research Center Shared Facilities supported by the National Science Foundation under NSF Award Number EEC-9731677 and the CPES Industry Partnership Program. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1048-2334 BN 978-1-4244-0713-2 J9 APPL POWER ELECT CO PY 2007 BP 1287 EP + DI 10.1109/APEX.2007.357681 PG 3 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BGE88 UT WOS:000246361100193 ER PT S AU Nasrabadi, NM AF Nasrabadi, Nasser M. BE Tescher, AG TI Regularization for designing spectral matched filter target detectors - art. no. 66961A SO APPLICATIONS OF DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING XXX, PTS 1 AND 2 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Applications of Digital Image Processing XXX CY AUG 28-30, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE regularized spectral matched filter; regularization; shrinkage; hyperspectral imagery; automatic target recognition AB This paper describes a new adaptive spectral matched filter that incorporates the idea of regularization (shrinkage) to penalize and shrink the filter coefficients to a range of values. The regularization has the effect of restricting the possible matched filters (models) to a subset which are more stable and have better performance than the non-regularized adaptive spectral matched filters. The effect of regularization depends on the form of the regularization term and the amount of regularization is controlled by so called regularization coefficient. In this paper the sum-of-squares of the filter coefficients is used as the regularization term and several different values for the regularization coefficient are tested. A Bayesian-based derivation of the regularized matched filter is also provided. Experimental results for detecting targets in hyperspectral imagery are presented for regularized and non-regularized spectral matched filters. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Nasrabadi, NM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6844-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6696 BP A6961 EP A6961 DI 10.1117/12.735618 PN 1-2 PG 9 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BHC84 UT WOS:000252226000043 ER PT B AU McCulloh, IA Lospinoso, J Carley, K AF McCulloh, Ian A. Lospinoso, Joshua Carley, Kathleen BE Demiralp, M Udriste, C Bognar, G Soni, R Nassar, H TI Social network probability mechanics SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th WSEAS International Conference on APPLIED MATHEMATICS CY DEC 29-31, 2007 CL Cairo, EGYPT SP WSEAS DE social networks; random graph; change detection; small-world ID COMPLEX NETWORKS; ORGANIZATIONS AB A new model for a random graph is proposed that can be constructed from empirical data and has some desirable properties compared to scale-free graphs [1, 2, 3] for certain applications. The newly proposed random graph maintains the same "small-world" properties [3, 4, 5] of the scale-free graph, while allowing mathematical modeling of the relationships that make up the random graph. E-mail communication data was collected on a group of 24 mid-career Army officers in a one-year graduate program [6] to validate necessary assumptions for this new class of random graphs. Statistical distributions on graph level measures are then approximated using Monte Carlo simulation and used to detect change in a graph over time. C1 [McCulloh, Ian A.; Lospinoso, Joshua] US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Carley, Kathleen] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Inst Software Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP McCulloh, IA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM imccullo@andrew.cmu.edu; joshua.lospioso@usma.edu; kathleen.carley@cs.emu.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR), United States Navy [9620.1.1140071]; Army Research Labs for Assessing C2 structures, Collaborative Technology Alliance; Alion Science and Technology; ARL Telecordia: Communications and Networks Technology Collaborative Alliances; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); MURI: Cultural Modeling of the Adversary Organization [600322]; ONR [N00014-06-1-0104, N00014-06-1-0921]; DOD; NSF IGERT [9972762] FX This research is part of the Dynamics Networks project in CASOS (Center for Computational Analysis of Social and Organizational Systems, http://www.casos.cs.cmu.edu) at Carnegie Mellon University. This work was supported in part by: The Office of Naval Research (ONR), United States Navy Grant No. 9620.1.1140071 on Dynamic Network Analysis (DNA), The Army Research Labs for Assessing C2 structures, Collaborative Technology Alliance, Alion Science and Technology, ARL Telecordia: Communications and Networks Technology Collaborative Alliances, The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), The Air Force Office of Sponsored Research (MURI: Cultural Modeling of the Adversary Organization, 600322) ONR N00014-06-1-0104, N00014-06-1-0921, and Additional support on measures was provided by the DOD and the NSF IGERT 9972762 in CASOS. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the National Science Foundation or the U.S. government. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING ACAD AND SOC PI ATHENS PA AG LOANNOU THEOLOGOU 17-23, 15773 ZOGRAPHOU, ATHENS, GREECE BN 978-960-6766-27-5 PY 2007 BP 319 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematics, Applied SC Engineering; Mathematics GA BHF80 UT WOS:000252771600053 ER PT J AU Chang, B Gersten, BL Szewczyk, ST Adams, JW AF Chang, B. Gersten, B. L. Szewczyk, S. T. Adams, J. W. TI Characterization of boron carbide nanoparticles prepared by a solid state thermal reaction SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE; POWDER AB The production of boron carbide (B4C) nanoparticles was investigated in a conventional high temperature furnace reactor. The reaction was carried out by heating a mixture of amorphous carbon and amorphous boron at 1550 degrees C to efficiently obtain a quantity of B4C. Scanning electron microscopy studies showed the average size of B4C particles was 200 nm, ranging from 50 nm to 350 nm. X-ray diffraction transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction studies indicated that the prepared nanoparticles were crystalline B4C with a high density twin structure. High resolution transmission electron microscopy and selected area diffraction were also used to further characterize the structure of the prepared B4C particles, while energy dispersive spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy were used to determine the stoichiometry of the product. A solid state diffusion reaction mechanism is proposed. C1 CUNY Queens Coll, Dept Chem & Biochem, Flushing, NY 11367 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Chang, B (reprint author), CUNY Queens Coll, Dept Chem & Biochem, Flushing, NY 11367 USA. EM baohe.chang@qc.cuny.edu NR 20 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 86 IS 1 BP 83 EP 87 DI 10.1007/s00339-006-3729-3 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 105EV UT WOS:000242013700012 ER PT J AU Das, NC AF Das, N. C. TI Increase in midwave infrared light emitting diode light output due to substrate thinning and texturing SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EXTERNAL QUANTUM EFFICIENCY; INTERBAND CASCADE LASERS; HETEROSTRUCTURES; ARRAY AB Midwave infrared (MWIR) light sources with high optical power are required for many applications. The authors report here the MWIR (3.8 mu m peak) light emission from an interband cascade light emitting diode (LED) structure with 18 cascaded active/injection regions grown on GaSb substrate. The light emission is observed from the substrate side of the device. An increase of six times of light output power is observed due to substrate thinning and another 50% increase is observed due to texturing the emission surface. The authors observed 400 mu W emission power for room temperature operation with 15 mA LED injection current. Experiments were carried out with different grating patterns and etch depths. The device with a 2 mu m square grating and a 1 mu m etch depth has the highest optical emission power. C1 USA, Res Lab, Microphoton Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Das, NC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Microphoton Branch, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ndas@arl.army.mil NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 1 PY 2007 VL 90 IS 1 AR 011111 DI 10.1063/1.2430484 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 124OZ UT WOS:000243379900011 ER PT J AU Houtsma, AJM AF Houtsma, Adrianus J. M. TI Experiments on pitch perception: Implications for music and other processes SO ARCHIVES OF ACOUSTICS LA English DT Article DE pitch perception; low- and high-order harmonics; harmonic intervals; polyphony; homophony ID COMPLEX TONES; IDENTIFICATION; MODEL AB This paper presents a review of the development of our understanding of pitch perception during the past three decades, in which the author was deeply involved. Some specific applications are discussed that are for the most part in the domain of music perception and show where the interest in pitch perception has led us today. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP Houtsma, AJM (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Bldg 6901, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST FUNDAMENTAL TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH PI WARSAW PA PAWINSKIEGO 5B, 02-106 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0137-5075 J9 ARCH ACOUST JI Arch. Acoust. PY 2007 VL 32 IS 3 BP 475 EP 490 PG 16 WC Acoustics SC Acoustics GA 293LZ UT WOS:000255338100004 ER PT J AU Abouchacra, K Letowski, T Gothie, J AF Abouchacra, Kim Letowski, Tomasz Gothie, Jessica TI Detection and recognition of natural sounds SO ARCHIVES OF ACOUSTICS LA English DT Article DE natural sound; detection; recognition ID SPEECH-RECEPTION THRESHOLD; NOISE; IDENTIFICATION AB Human-machine interfaces and environment simulators increasingly depend on audio interfaces. Acoustic signals are used to provide warnings, feedback, information about the state of a system, and to enhance the immersive character of virtual reality environments. In order to decrease the mental workload of the listener, increase the speed of interaction, and minimize the chances for operational error, the audio signals (auditory icons) should have a natural character and clearly differ in their spatial, spectral, and temporal characteristics. Therefore, the design and selection of audio signals for specific applications should be based on the detectability and recognizability of the signals in the intended environments and on the meaningful connotations of the individual sounds. The present study was conducted to assess the detection and recognition thresholds of 30 pre-selected sounds and to determine the specific acoustic properties that make complex natural sounds effective auditory icons. The results of the study revealed a strong dependence of both types of threshold on the type of sound and a relative independence of both thresholds. The sound level difference between the detection and recognition thresholds varied from I to 13 dB and should be considered as all important criterion in auditory icon selection. C1 [Abouchacra, Kim; Letowski, Tomasz; Gothie, Jessica] USA, Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Abouchacra, K (reprint author), Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Phase 1-6 th Floor, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon. EM ks05@aub.edu.lb NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST FUNDAMENTAL TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH PI WARSAW PA PAWINSKIEGO 5B, 02-106 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0137-5075 J9 ARCH ACOUST JI Arch. Acoust. PY 2007 VL 32 IS 3 BP 603 EP 616 PG 14 WC Acoustics SC Acoustics GA 293LZ UT WOS:000255338100015 ER PT J AU Demakis, GJ Hammond, F Knotts, A Cooper, DB Clement, P Kennedy, J Sawyer, T AF Demakis, George J. Hammond, Flora Knotts, Allison Cooper, Douglas B. Clement, Pamelia Kennedy, Jan Sawyer, Tom TI The Personality Assessment Inventory in individuals with traumatic brain injury SO ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Personality Assessment Inventory; Traumatic Brain Injury; psychometric research ID HEAD-INJURY; MMPI-2; SCALE; VALIDITY AB This study examined the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) in 95 individuals who had suffered a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants were recruited from a rehabilitation hospital (n=60) and a military hospital (n=35); despite differences in demographics and injury characteristics groups did not differ on any of the clinical scales and were thus combined. In the combined group, the highest mean clinical scale elevations were on Somatic Complaints, Depression, and Borderline Features and the most common configural profiles, based on cluster analysis, were Cluster I (no prominent elevations), Cluster 6 (social isolation and confused thinking), and Cluster 2 (depression and withdrawal). Factor analysis indicated a robust three-factor solution that accounted for 74.86 percent of the variance and was similar to findings from the psychiatric and non-psychiatric populations in the standardization sample. The above findings are compared with the previous literature on psychopathology in TBI, particularly in regards to the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2), as well as previous psychometric research on the PAI. (c) 2006 National Academy of Neuropsychology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ N Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. Charlotte Inst Rehabil, Charlotte, NC USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Demakis, GJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, 9201 Univ City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. EM gdemakis@email.uncc.edu NR 22 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0887-6177 J9 ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH JI Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 22 IS 1 BP 123 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.acn.2006.09.004 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology SC Psychology GA 144RV UT WOS:000244814700014 PM 17182214 ER PT J AU Hutton, RL Dalton, SR AF Hutton, Robert L. Dalton, Scott R. TI Primary peritoneal serous borderline tumors SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID DIFFERENTIATED PAPILLARY MESOTHELIOMA; LOW-GRADE; OVARIAN; CARCINOMA; MICROPAPILLARY; ENDOSALPINGIOSIS; INCLUSIONS; NEOPLASIA; DIAGNOSIS; PATTERNS AB Context.-Primary peritoneal serous borderline tumor is a rare epithelial proliferation that can present as an incidental finding at laparotomy and raises concern for a primary ovarian tumor with peritoneal implants. Objective.-To present a brief history of this condition and describe its distinctive histology and clinical presentation, as well as to review the chief differential diagnostic considerations, to include mesothelial proliferations, endosalpingiosis, endometriosis, high-grade primary peritoneal papillary serous carcinoma, and implants from primary ovarian serous neoplasms. Data Sources.-Relevant articles indexed in PubMed (National Library of Medicine) between 1966 and 2005, references thereof, and reference surgical pathology texts. Conclusions.-Primary peritoneal serous borderline tumor should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an epithelial proliferation with prominent psammoma bodies on the peritoneal surface of specimens submitted for nongynecologic complaints. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE PLA, Dept Pathol & Lab Serv, ATTN, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Basset Army Hosp, Dept Pathol, Ft Wainwright, AL USA. RP Hutton, RL (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE PLA, Dept Pathol & Lab Serv, ATTN, 3856 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM robert.hutton@amedd.army.mil NR 28 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 131 IS 1 BP 138 EP 144 PG 7 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 125TD UT WOS:000243464500021 PM 17227115 ER PT J AU Lukish, J Powell, D Morrow, S Cruess, D Guzzetta, P AF Lukish, Jeffrey Powell, David Morrow, Steve Cruess, David Guzzetta, Phil TI Laparoscopic appendectomy in children - Use of the endoloop vs the endostapler SO ARCHIVES OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL AB Hypothesis: Two techniques are used for laparoscopic appendectomy (LA): division of the mesoappendix with the harmonic scalpel and ligation of the appendix with an endoloop (EL), or division of the mesoappendix and appendix with an endostapler (ES). Using an ES is a cost-effective technique that provides an outcome benefit in children who require appendectomy. Design: Case series. Setting: Academic, tertiary care children's hospital. Patients: Seventy-five children who underwent LA from January 1, 2002, to March 31, 2004. Intervention: Laparoscopic appendectomy. Main Outcome Measures: Age, diagnosis, length of stay, surgical time, total operating room time, complications, and instrumentation costs were compared between the EL and ES groups. Results: There was no significant difference in age, length of stay, perforated, gangrenous, or acute appendicitis diagnoses, or complications between the groups. The surgical time and total operating room time for LA in children in the ES group were significantly shorter than in children in the EL group by 15% and 17%, respectively (P<.05). The disposable equipment costs for LA were $201 per case in the ES group vs $400 per case in the EL group. The mean 14.9-minute increase in total operating room time in children in the EL group resulted in $373 of additional operating room and anesthesia costs. The decreased disposable equipment costs and shorter surgical time of LA in the ES group led to cost savings of $572 per case as compared with children who underwent LA with an EL. Conclusions: There is no significant difference in outcome between children who undergo LA with an EL or with an ES. However, this study supports the use of the ES for LA as a more cost-effective technique that is associated with reduced surgical time. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Pediat Surg, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Div Biostat, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Surg, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Vanderbilt Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat Surg, Nashville, TN USA. RP Lukish, J (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Pediat Surg, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM jrlukish@bethesda.med.navy.mil NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0004-0010 J9 ARCH SURG-CHICAGO JI Arch. Surg. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 142 IS 1 BP 58 EP 61 DI 10.1001/archsurg.142.1.58 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 126JU UT WOS:000243510000011 PM 17224501 ER PT J AU Midiwo, JO Omoto, FM Yenesew, A Akala, HM Wangui, J Liyala, P Wasunna, C Waters, NC AF Midiwo, Jacob O. Omoto, Fidilia M. Yenesew, Abiy Akala, Hosea M. Wangui, Julia Liyala, Pamela Wasunna, Christine Waters, Norman C. TI The first 9-hydroxyhomoisoflavanone, and antiplasmodial chalcones, from the aerial exudates of Polygonum senegalense SO ARKIVOC LA English DT Article DE Polygonum senegalense; aerial exudates; polygonaceae; homoisoflavanone; polygohomoisoflavanone; chalcones; dihydrochalcones; flavanone; malaria; plasmodium; anti-plasmodial ID FLAVONOIDS; BARK AB Phytochemical re-examination of the aerial exudates of Polygonum senegalense forma senegalense has resulted in the isolation and characterization of a novel homoisoflavonoid, 5,7dihydroxy-3-(hydroxy-phenyl-methyl)- 6-methoxy-chroman-4-one (trivial name: polygohomoisoflavanone). The structure was determined on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. The new compound along with other components of the aerial exudate showed good antiplasmodial activities towards chloroquine- sensitive (D6) and chloroquine- resistant (W2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. C1 Univ Nairobi, Dept Chem, Nairobi, Kenya. Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Clin Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Midiwo, JO (reprint author), Univ Nairobi, Dept Chem, PO Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya. EM jmidiwo@uonbi.ac.ke NR 9 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ARKAT USA INC PI GAINESVILLE PA C/O ALAN R KATRITZKY, UNIV FLORIDA, DEPT CHEMISTRY, PO BOX 117200, GAINESVILLE, FL 32611 USA SN 1424-6376 J9 ARKIVOC JI Arkivoc PY 2007 BP 21 EP 27 PN 9 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 204RH UT WOS:000249061200004 ER PT S AU Evangelista, PF Embrechts, MJ Szymanski, BK AF Evangelista, Paul F. Embrechts, Mark J. Szymanski, Boleslaw K. BE MarquesDeSa, J Alexandre, LA Duch, W Mandic, DP TI Some properties of the gaussian kernel for one class learning SO ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS - ICANN 2007, PT 1, PROCEEDINGS SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks (ICANN 2007) CY SEP 09-13, 2007 CL Oporto, PORTUGAL SP European Neural Network Soc, Int Neural Network Soc, Japanese Neural Network Soc, IEEE Comp Intelligence Soc, European Assoc Signal & Image Proc, Inst Engenhar Biomed, Univ Beira Interior, Inst Super Engenhar Porto, Reitor Univ Porto, UP, Dept Engenhar Elect Computadores, Inst Politecn Porto, Fund Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Microsoft Res Cambridge Lab, Portugal Telecom ID SUPPORT AB This paper proposes a novel approach for directly tuning the gaussian kernel matrix for one class learning. The popular gaussian kernel includes a free parameter, a, that requires tuning typically performed through validation. The value of this parameter impacts model performance significantly. This paper explores an automated method for tuning this kernel based upon a hill climbing optimization of statistics obtained from the kernel matrix. C1 [Evangelista, Paul F.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Embrechts, Mark J.; Szymanski, Boleslaw K.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Evangelista, PF (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RI Szymanski, Boleslaw/A-9121-2009 OI Szymanski, Boleslaw/0000-0002-0307-6743 NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-540-74689-8 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2007 VL 4668 BP 269 EP + PN I PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BGS58 UT WOS:000250338200028 ER PT S AU Embrechts, MJ Linton, J Bogaerts, WF Heyns, B Evangelista, P AF Embrechts, Mark J. Linton, Jonathan Bogaerts, Walter F. Heyns, Bram Evangelista, Paul BE MarquesDeSa, J Alexandre, LA Duch, W Mandic, D TI Automated text categorization based on readability fingerprints SO ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS - ICANN 2007, PT 2, PROCEEDINGS SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks (ICANN 2007) CY SEP 09-13, 2007 CL Oporto, PORTUGAL SP European Neural Network Soc, Int Neural Network Soc, Japanese Neural Network Soc, IEEE Comp Intelligence Soc, European Assoc Signal & Image Proc, Inst Engenhar Biomed, Univ Beira Interior, Inst Super Engenhar Porto, Reitor Univ Porto, UP, Dept Engenhar Elect Computadores, Inst Politecn Porto, Fund Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Microsoft Res Cambridge Lab, Portugal Telecom AB This paper introduces the use of 15 different readability indices as a fingerprint that enables the classification of documents into different categories. While a classification based on such fingerprints alone is not necessarily superior to document categorization based on dedicated dictionaries per se, the document fingerprints can enhance the overall classification rate by applying proper data fusion techniques. For other applications text mining related applications such as language classification, the detection of plagiarism, or author identification, the accuracy of text categorization methods based on readability fingerprints can even exceed a dictionary-based approach. A novel addition to the readability indices is the addition of histo-rams based on the word length of all the dictionary words used in the text and a dictionary of the most common easy words in the English language. C1 [Embrechts, Mark J.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, DSES, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Linton, Jonathan] Univ Ottawa, Telfer Sch Managment, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. [Heyns, Bram] Catholic Univ Louvain, Sci & Engn Lib, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium. [Evangelista, Paul] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY USA. RP Embrechts, MJ (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, DSES, Troy, NY 12180 USA. OI Linton, Jonathan/0000-0001-9797-1687 NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-540-74693-5 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2007 VL 4669 BP 408 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BGQ65 UT WOS:000249783400042 ER PT S AU Underwood, DM Herron, DL Croisant, WJ AF Underwood, David M. Herron, Dale L. Croisant, William J. GP ASHRAE TI Whole-building dispersion after internal release in an of tracer gas administrative/classroom building SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 2007 VOL 113, PT 2 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers CY JUN 10-14, 2007 CL Long Beach, CA SP Amer Soc Heating, Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers AB This paper presents detailed experimental results for the transient dispersion of a tracer gas following internal releases in a building. Ambient air analyzers were used to simultaneously measure the real-time concentrations of tracer gas at eight locations in the building following single-point releases. The building and its systems were operated in selected known states before, during, and after the tracer gas releases. Results are presented to illustrate the dispersion of sulfur hexafluoride (SF(6))for three different release/building operation scenarios. The results of the experiments from this case study provide valuable insight relevant to the proper planning, design, construction, and operation of buildings. C1 [Underwood, David M.; Herron, Dale L.; Croisant, William J.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. RP Underwood, DM (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2007 VL 113 BP 457 EP 465 PN 2 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA BHH71 UT WOS:000253310400047 ER PT S AU Tunick, A AF Tunick, Arnold BE Hammel, SM VanEijk, AMJ Valley, MT Vorontsov, MA TI Analysis of free-space laser signal intensity over a 2.33 km optical path - art. no. 670802 SO ATMOSPHERIC OPTICS: MODELS, MEASUREMENTS, AND TARGET-IN-THE LOOP PROPAGATION SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Atmospheric Optics - Models, Measurements, and Target-in-the-Loop Propagation CY AUG 27-28, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE optical turbulence; refractive index structure; power spectra; frequency distribution; Kolmogorov theory ID NON-KOLMOGOROV TURBULENCE; WAVE-FRONT SENSOR; ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; BEAM; SCINTILLATION; FLUCTUATIONS; PROPAGATION; SPECTRA; FLUID AB The probability distribution of aperture averaged signal intensity from free-space laser optical systems depends on the optical turbulence along the optical path. For most current free-space laser systems, random fluctuations of signal intensity are assumed to be statistically homogeneous and isotropic. Moreover, it is assumed that probability distributions are generally log-normal and that Kolmogorov -5/3 wave number turbulence power law represents the signal intensity data. In this paper, the Kolmogorov model is investigated for an optical path that traverses a complex non-uniform topography. Experimental research is conducted to determine the characteristic behavior of high frequency (2000 Hz) signal intensity data collected over a 2.33 kin optical path at the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) Atmospheric Laser Optics Testbed (A_LOT) Facility. Results focus mainly on calculated power spectra and frequency distributions. In addition, a model is developed to calculate optical turbulence intensity (C-n(2)) as a function of receiving (and transmitting) aperture diameter, log-amplitude variance, and path length. Here, initial comparisons of calculated to measured C-n(2) data are favorable. It is anticipated that this kind of signal data analysis will benefit laser communication systems development and testing at the ARL. C1 USA, Res Lab, Comp & Informat Sci Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Tunick, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Comp & Informat Sci Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6856-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6708 BP 70802 EP 70802 DI 10.1117/12.730958 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics GA BHC12 UT WOS:000252147600001 ER PT S AU Beresnev, LA AF Beresnev, L. A. BE Hammel, SM VanEijk, AMJ Valley, MT Vorontsov, MA TI Wavefront correctors based on semi-passive bimorph elements for adaptive optics applications; new designs - art. no. 6708OS SO ATMOSPHERIC OPTICS: MODELS, MEASUREMENTS, AND TARGET-IN-THE LOOP PROPAGATION SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Atmospheric Optics - Models, Measurements, and Target-in-the-Loop Propagation CY AUG 27-28, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE adaptive optics; deformable mirrors; piezoelectric actuators ID MIRROR AB Fast piezoelectric controlled adaptive optics elements are developed allowing one to design the adaptive optics system with compensation of optical phase aberrations in frequency range exceeding 10 kHz. Adaptive optic elements include: 13-channel deformable mirrors DM-13 with aperture 25 and 30mm, combine device formed with DM-13 attached to the tip/tilt platform, 49-channel deformable mirror PM-49 based on in-pockets piezoelectric multi-pixel actuators. The designs, fabrication and performances of the developed devices are described. The emphasis is made on the experimental investigation of resonance behavior of the devices and influence of the passive damping on the frequency bandwidth. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Beresnev, LA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6856-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6708 BP OS708 EP OS708 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics GA BHC12 UT WOS:000252147600025 ER PT J AU Boyd, AM Foley, DH AF Boyd, Ann-Marie Foley, Desmond H. TI Distribution of sibling species of the Anopheles annulipes complex (Diptera : Culicidae) in the Townsville region of Australia SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE container breeding; ecology; malaria; Ross River Dam ID NEW-SOUTH-WALES; ROSS RIVER RESERVOIR; WALKER DIPTERA; MOSQUITOS; GRIFFITH; INFECTION; SOFTWARE; STAGE-1 AB As members of the Anopheles annulipes species complex have been implicated as possible malaria vectors in the past, their response to dams and urban development is of medical interest. We collected An. annulipes sensu lato (s.l.) Walker from the Ross River Dam and environs of tropical north Queensland, and scored them for 28 allozyme loci. Allozyme genotype data were analysed by the Unweighted Pair Group Method of Analysis applied to percentage fixed allelic differences (%FD) and by a Bayesian clustering approach. Both approaches revealed four groups, which differed by more than 25%FD, suggesting four species. Specimens sequenced for the Internal transcribed spacer subunit 2 of rDNA suggested that three of these groups were An. annulipes species D, species I and species O. Anopheles annulipes species D occurred in the Ross River and the Ross River Dam, An. annulipes species O inhabited rock pools, and An. annulipes species I inhabited both rock pools and artificial containers in domestic situations. Construction of the Ross River Dam appears to have benefited at least An. annulipes species D, and nearby housing development An. annulipes species I. Although An. annulipes s.l. does not appear to be a major medical risk, mosquito monitoring around Townsville may need to take into account the multispecies status of this taxon. C1 Community Response Dept, Pine Rivers Shire Council, Strathpine, Qld 4500, Australia. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Foley, DH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Walter Reed Biosyst Unit, MSC MRC 534, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. EM foleydes@si.edu OI Foley, Desmond/0000-0001-7525-4601 NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1326-6756 J9 AUST J ENTOMOL JI Aust. J. Entomol. PY 2007 VL 46 BP 133 EP 139 DI 10.1111/j.1440-6055.2007.00573.x PN 2 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 155TN UT WOS:000245601200007 ER PT J AU Tsokos, GC AF Tsokos, George C. BE Shoenfeld, Y Gershwin, ME Meroni, PL TI NEPHRITIC FACTOR AUTOANTIBODIES SO AUTOANTIBODIES, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PATHWAY C3/C5 CONVERTASE; ALTERNATIVE PATHWAY; C3 CONVERTASE; FACTOR C3NEF; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; ANTIBODY C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046723-8 PY 2007 BP 561 EP 566 DI 10.1016/B978-044452763-9/50073-1 PG 6 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA BCU46 UT WOS:000311481100072 ER PT J AU Harada, T Kyttaris, V Li, YS Juang, YT Wang, Y Tsokos, GC AF Harada, Tatsuhiro Kyttaris, Vasileios Li, Yansong Juang, Yuang-Taung Wang, Ying Tsokos, George C. TI Increased expression of STAT3 in SLE T cells contributes to enhanced chemokine-mediated cell migration SO AUTOIMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; GROWTH-FACTOR; TRANSCRIPTION; ACTIVATION; COMPLEXES; PATHWAY; IL-10; INDUCTION; RESPONSES; ROLES AB Exposure of T cells to inflammatory cytokines leads to phosphorylation-dependent activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3. T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) display increased levels of total and phosphorylated STAT3 which resides primarily in the nucleus. Increased STAT3 is associated with increased expression of target genes. Silencing of STAT3 expression using a small interfering RNA approach resulted in decreased chemokine- provoked SLE T cell migration. Our data suggest that inhibition of STAT3 expression may reverse the signaling aberrations involved in SLE T cell migration. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. KAKEN Pharmaceut Co Ltd, Cent Res Labs, Kyoto, Japan. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Rheumatol Sect, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Med, HIM-244,4 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM gtsokos@bidmc.harvard.edu NR 27 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0891-6934 J9 AUTOIMMUNITY JI Autoimmunity PY 2007 VL 40 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1080/08916930601095148 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 145WZ UT WOS:000244897800001 PM 17364491 ER PT J AU Keith, MP Moratz, C Egan, R Zacharia, A Greidinger, EL Hoffman, RW Tsokos, GC AF Keith, Michael P. Moratz, Chantal Egan, Ryan Zacharia, Athina Greidinger, Eric L. Hoffman, Robert W. Tsokos, George C. TI Anti-ribonucleoprotein antibodies mediate enhanced lung injury following mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion in Rag-1(-/-) mice SO AUTOIMMUNITY LA English DT Article DE ribonucleoprotein (RNP) antibodies; inflammation; ischemia/reperfusion; complement ID CONNECTIVE-TISSUE DISEASES; PULMONARY-HYPERTENSION; REPERFUSION INJURY; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; COMPLEMENT; U1-RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN; AUTOANTIBODIES; IDENTIFICATION; AUTOIMMUNITY; MOLECULES AB Natural Abs and autoantibodies bind antigens displayed by ischemia-conditioned tissues, followed by complement activation and enhanced tissue injury during reperfusion. Anti-ribonucleoprotein (RNP) Ab is associated with lung disease in patients with autoimmune disease but it is not known whether these abs contribute to lung injury. Mesenteric I/R in mice leads to local and remote lung injury. Accordingly, we used this model to investigate whether anti-RNP Abs would reconstitute I/R damage with prominent lung damage in injury-resistant Rag1(-/-) animals. Rag1(-/-) mice injected with anti-RNP Ab containing serum and subjected to mesenteric I/R suffered greater intestinal injury than control-treated and sham-operated animals. The magnitude of the reconstituted damage was anti-RNP Ab titer-dependent. Anti-RNP Ab-treated animals demonstrated a dose-dependent increase in lung histologic injury scores compared to control and sham animals. Anti-RNP mediated injury was shown to be complement dependent. These experiments reveal a novel mechanism whereby anti-RNP Abs contributes to the development of pulmonary pathology in patients with autoimmune diseases following exposure of remote organs to I/R injury. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20191 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Rheumatol, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Div Rheumatol & Immunol, Miami, FL 33152 USA. VAMC, Miami, FL USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Bldg 503,Rm 1A32, Silver Spring, MD 20191 USA. EM gtsokos@usa.net OI Greidinger, Eric/0000-0003-3473-3846 NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0891-6934 J9 AUTOIMMUNITY JI Autoimmunity PY 2007 VL 40 IS 3 BP 208 EP 216 DI 10.1080/08916930701262986 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 165XH UT WOS:000246340100007 PM 17453720 ER PT S AU Wong, D Nguyen, L Gaunaurd, G AF Wong, D. Nguyen, L. Gaunaurd, G. BE Sadjadi, FA TI Radar classification of landmines by time-frequency analysis SO Automatic Target Recognition XVII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Automatic Target Recognition XVII CY APR 10-12, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE target identification; time-frequency analysis; mine-fields; SAR images ID BAND; SCATTERING; TARGETS; IMAGE AB A flying platform illuminates a land mine field with mixtures of various landmines (i.e., buried, on the surface, plastic or metallic) and some "confusers", with an ultra-wideband (UWB) radar. The polarimetric echoes returned by the mine field are mapped into an overall synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image, which is then analyzed pixel-by-pixel by modern time-frequency (t-f) techniques. The t-f analysis of any echo from any of the individual scatterers in the mine field can be performed using a number of t-f distributions, which in turn generate two-dimensional plots of each such scatterer in t-f space. These plots are richer in information than those in the original SAR image, and they offer a larger variety of clues useful for the discrimination of each type of mine from the others or from the confusers. Several t-f distributions are employed in the study, and it is found that some are better than others for the present purpose of target detection and classification. From the images obtained we can conclude that the Pseudo-Wigner-Ville and the Choi-Williams distributions provide the best discrimination results. It is also found that the larger mines such as those denoted here as of "type-1" are the easiest to identify. Using the above-mentioned distributions it follows that the distinction between actual mines and clutter objects (or "confusers") becomes clearer, particularly when the latter objects are metallic. Numerous images generated in this study confirm the above conclusions. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE RU, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wong, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE RU, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6688-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6566 BP U111 EP U121 DI 10.1117/12.715004 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BGO63 UT WOS:000249046000010 ER PT J AU Temme, LA Still, DL AF Temme, Leonard A. Still, David L. TI Head position of helicopter pilots during slalom maneuvers SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE spatial disorientation; helicopters; helicopter pilots; head movements; head posture; opto-kinetic cervical reflex ID OPTOKINETIC CERVICAL REFLEX; AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT; EYE AB Introduction: Pilots typically tilt their heads when executing coordinated banking turns, a phenomenon commonly attributed to the putative opto-kinetic cervical reflex (OKCR). The OKCR is usually described as a reflex, primarily driven by stimuli in the visual periphery, and is important to a pilot's spatial orientation by providing a relatively stabilized horizontal frame of reference. The present paper presents an alternative hypothesis for the observed head tilting seen in pilots. Methods: An archived data set, originally collected for other purposes, contained the head turn, pitch, and tilt of 4 helicopter pilots recorded at 10 Hz as the pilots executed 42 slalom maneuvers in an AH Mk 7 Lynx helicopter under visual flight conditions. The analytic method was a correlational analysis of head turn, pitch, and tilt. Results: As expected, pilots routinely tilted their heads during the slaloms in a fashion typically attributed to the OKCR Correlations among head turn, tilt, and pitch showed that when the helicopter turned left, the head, presumably to look into the turn, turned left and also pitched up and tilted right. Similarly, when the helicopter turned right, the head, presumably to look into the turn, turned right, pitched up, and tilted left. Conclusions: The head tilting usually attributed to a neuromuscular reflex driven by visual stimuli may he a biomechanical consequence of the head posture pilots assume when they simply look where they are going, eliminating the need to postulate the existence of a novel neuromuscular reflex. C1 USA, Aeromen Res Lab, Aircrew Hlth & Performance Div, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP Temme, LA (reprint author), USA, Aeromen Res Lab, Aircrew Hlth & Performance Div, POB 620577, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. EM temme@se.amedd.army.mil NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 78 IS 1 BP 38 EP 42 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 125PC UT WOS:000243453200007 PM 17225480 ER PT J AU Price, RR Viscount, HB Stanley, MC Leung, KP AF Price, R. R. Viscount, H. B. Stanley, M. C. Leung, K-P. TI Targeted profiling of oral bacteria in human saliva and in vitro biofilms with quantitative real-time PCR SO BIOFOULING LA English DT Article DE oral bacteria; biofilm; real-time PCR; ISR; 16S rDNA ID SUBGINGIVAL PLAQUE; PORPHYROMONAS-GINGIVALIS; ANTIMICROBIAL DECAPEPTIDE; PREVOTELLA-INTERMEDIA; IDENTIFICATION; DIVERSITY; TAQMAN; QUANTIFICATION; PERIODONTITIS; MICROBIOTA AB An in vitro plaque model based on the use of human salivary bacteria and tooth-like surfaces was previously developed for studying the formation of oral biofilm and its use for pre-clinical testing of candidate antimicrobial or antiplaque agents. In this study, a quantitative Taqman PCR assay (QPCR) was developed to compare the bacterial compositions of in vitro biofilms to parent saliva samples, and to determine the relative contributions of different species in the formation of the oral biofilm. In addition, the growth inhibition of saliva-derived plaque was evaluated by chlorhexidine. With this assay, which consisted of primer/probe sets targeting either 16S rDNA sequences present in public databases or cloned ribosomal intergenic spacer region (ISR) sequences, 15 oral bacteria derived from saliva as well as those that were responsible for biofilm formation in an in vitro plaque model were rapidly identified and quantified. Among the target organisms were Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Eikenella corrodens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Micromonas micros, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Tannerella forsythensis, and Veillonella parvula. Primer and probe sets developed were both sensitive and specific. The relative profiles of a number of bacteria in 45-h-old biofilms were determined and, when compared to saliva samples, it was found that most of the bacteria identified in saliva also populated the in vitro plaque, including some anaerobes. Brief exposure of biofilms to chlorhexidine resulted in significant losses in viability. This new broad spectrum QPCR assay in combination with the in vitro plaque model will be of significant value in the quantitative study of the microbial composition of human saliva, saliva-derived plaque, and pre-clinical evaluation of potential antimicrobial and antiplaque molecules. C1 USA, Dent & Trauma es Detachment, Water Reed Army Inst Res, Microbiol Branch, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. RP Leung, KP (reprint author), USA, Dent & Trauma es Detachment, Water Reed Army Inst Res, Microbiol Branch, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. EM kai.leung@us.army.mil NR 30 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7014 J9 BIOFOULING JI Biofouling PY 2007 VL 23 IS 3 BP 203 EP 213 DI 10.1080/08927010701251169 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 193HP UT WOS:000248265400007 PM 17653931 ER PT J AU Tembe, W Zavaljevski, N Bode, E Chase, C Geyer, J Wasieloski, L Benson, G Reifman, J AF Tembe, Waibhav Zavaljevski, Nela Bode, Elizabeth Chase, Catherine Geyer, Jeanne Wasieloski, Leonard Benson, Gary Reifman, Jaques TI Oligonucleotide fingerprint identification for microarray-based pathogen diagnostic assays SO BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID SELECTING SIGNATURE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; MELTING TEMPERATURE CALCULATION; DNA; TOOL AB Motivation: Advances in DNA microarray technology and computational methods have unlocked new opportunities to identify 'DNA fingerprints', i.e. oligonucleotide sequences that uniquely identify a specific genome. We present an integrated approach for the computational identification of DNA fingerprints for design of microarray-based pathogen diagnostic assays. We provide a quantifiable definition of a DNA fingerprint stated both from a computational as well as an experimental point of view, and the analytical proof that all in silico fingerprints satisfying the stated definition are found using our approach. Results: The presented computational approach is implemented in an integrated high-performance computing (HPC) software tool for oligonucleotide fingerprint identification termed TOFI. We employed TOFI to identify in silico DNA fingerprints for several bacteria and plasmid sequences, which were then experimentally evaluated as potential probes for microarray-based diagnostic assays. Results and analysis of approximately 150 in silico DNA fingerprints for Yersinia pestis and 250 fingerprints for Francisella tularensis are presented. C1 USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Biotechnol HPC Software Applicat Inst, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Reifman, J (reprint author), USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Biotechnol HPC Software Applicat Inst, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD USA. EM jaques.reifman@us.army.mil NR 31 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1367-4803 J9 BIOINFORMATICS JI Bioinformatics PD JAN 1 PY 2007 VL 23 IS 1 BP 5 EP 13 DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btl549 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 120CD UT WOS:000243060300002 PM 17068088 ER PT J AU Kuzmanovic, D Elashvili, I Wick, C O'Connell, C Krueger, S AF Kuzmanovic, Deborah Elashvili, Ilya Wick, Charles O'Connell, Catherine Krueger, Susan TI The MS2 coat protein shell is likely assembled under tension: A novel role for the MS2 bacteriophage a protein as revealed by small angle neutron scattering SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 51st Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 03-07, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD SP Biophys Soc C1 Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. USA, ECBC, Edgewood, MD USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN PY 2007 SU S BP 50A EP 50A PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 132WA UT WOS:000243972400227 ER PT J AU Venugopal, Q Bhonsle, J Huddler, DP Hicks, RP AF Venugopal, Q. Bhonsle, J. Huddler, D. P. Hicks, R. P. TI Denovo design of antimicrobial peptides for activity against multiple strains SO BIOPOLYMERS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 20th American-Peptide-Society Symposium CY JUN 26-30, 2007 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Amer Peptide Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. E Carolina Univ, Dept Chem, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. EM dvenug@hotmail.com RI Bhonsle, Jayendra/A-9139-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0006-3525 J9 BIOPOLYMERS JI Biopolymers PY 2007 VL 88 IS 4 SI SI BP 587 EP 587 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 181GT UT WOS:000247425900295 ER PT J AU Li, P Zhang, CY Perkins, EJ Gong, P Deng, YP AF Li, Peng Zhang, Chaoyang Perkins, Edward J. Gong, Ping Deng, Youping TI Comparison of probabilistic Boolean network and dynamic Bayesian network approaches for inferring gene regulatory networks SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article AB Background: The regulation of gene expression is achieved through gene regulatory networks (GRNs) in which collections of genes interact with one another and other substances in a cell. In order to understand the underlying function of organisms, it is necessary to study the behavior of genes in a gene regulatory network context. Several computational approaches are available for modeling gene regulatory networks with different datasets. In order to optimize modeling of GRN, these approaches must be compared and evaluated in terms of accuracy and efficiency. Results: In this paper, two important computational approaches for modeling gene regulatory networks, probabilistic Boolean network methods and dynamic Bayesian network methods, are compared using a biological time-series dataset from the Drosophila Interaction Database to construct a Drosophila gene network. A subset of time points and gene samples from the whole dataset is used to evaluate the performance of these two approaches. Conclusion: The comparison indicates that both approaches had good performance in modeling the gene regulatory networks. The accuracy in terms of recall and precision can be improved if a smaller subset of genes is selected for inferring GRNs. The accuracy of both approaches is dependent upon the number of selected genes and time points of gene samples. In all tested cases, DBN identified more gene interactions and gave better recall than PBN. C1 [Li, Peng; Zhang, Chaoyang] Univ So Mississippi, Sch Comp, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Perkins, Edward J.] USA, Environm Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Gong, Ping] SpecPro Inc, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Deng, Youping] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. RP Zhang, CY (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Sch Comp, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. EM peng.li@usm.edu; chaoyang.zhang@usm.edu; Edward.J.Perkins@erdc.usace.army.mil; Ping.Gong@erdc.usace.army.mil; youping.deng@usm.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR016476, 2P20RR016476-04] NR 32 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PY 2007 VL 8 SU 7 AR S13 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-8-S7-S13 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA V23BB UT WOS:000208317200013 PM 18047712 ER PT J AU Pirooznia, M Gong, P Guan, X Inouye, LS Yang, K Perkins, EJ Deng, YP AF Pirooznia, Mehdi Gong, Ping Guan, Xin Inouye, Laura S. Yang, Kuan Perkins, Edward J. Deng, Youping TI Cloning, analysis and functional annotation of expressed sequence tags from the Earthworm Eisenia fetida SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article AB Background: Eisenia fetida, commonly known as red wiggler or compost worm, belongs to the Lumbricidae family of the Annelida phylum. Little is known about its genome sequence although it has been extensively used as a test organism in terrestrial ecotoxicology. In order to understand its gene expression response to environmental contaminants, we cloned 4032 cDNAs or expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from two E. fetida libraries enriched with genes responsive to ten ordnance related compounds using suppressive subtractive hybridization-PCR. Results: A total of 3144 good quality ESTs (GenBank dbEST accession number (EH669363) under bar-(EH672369 ) under bar and (EL515444) under bar)-(EL515580) under bar were obtained from the raw clone sequences after cleaning. Clustering analysis yielded 2231 unique sequences including 448 contigs (from 1361 ESTs) and 1783 singletons. Comparative genomic analysis showed that 743 or 33% of the unique sequences shared high similarity with existing genes in the GenBank nr database. Provisional function annotation assigned 830 Gene Ontology terms to 517 unique sequences based on their homology with the annotated genomes of four model organisms Drosophila melanogaster, Mus musculus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Caenorhabditis elegans. Seven percent of the unique sequences were further mapped to 99 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways based on their matching Enzyme Commission numbers. All the information is stored and retrievable at a highly performed, web-based and user-friendly relational database called EST model database or ESTMD version 2. Conclusion: The ESTMD containing the sequence and annotation information of 4032 E. fetida ESTs is publicly accessible at (http://mcbc.usm.edu/estmd/) under bar. C1 [Inouye, Laura S.; Perkins, Edward J.] USA, Environm Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Pirooznia, Mehdi; Yang, Kuan; Deng, Youping] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Gong, Ping; Guan, Xin] SpecPro Inc, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Perkins, EJ (reprint author), USA, Environm Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Mehdi.Pirooznia@usm.edu; Ping.Gong@erdc.usace.army.mil; Xin.Guan@erdc.usace.army.mil; Laura.S.Inouye@erdc.usace.army.mil; Kuan.Yang@usm.edu; Edward.J.Perkins@erdc.usace.army.mil; Youping.Deng@usm.edu OI Pirooznia, Mehdi/0000-0002-4210-6458 FU NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR016476, 2P20RR016476-04] NR 30 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 12 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PY 2007 VL 8 SU 7 AR S7 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-8-S7-S7 PG 16 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA V23BB UT WOS:000208317200007 PM 18047730 ER PT J AU Scherer, M AF Scherer, Matthew TI Gait rehabilitation with body weight-supported treadmill training for a blast injury survivor with traumatic brain injury SO BRAIN INJURY LA English DT Article DE blast injury; traumatic brain injury; gait training; body weight-supported treadmill training ID NONAMBULATORY HEMIPARETIC PATIENTS; WALK TEST; AMBULATION; RECOVERY; STROKE; LOCOMOTION; THERAPY; SPEED AB Background and purpose: Research supports the use of body weight-supported treadmill training (BWSTT) in patients with hemi-paresis and may show promise as a gait training and neuromuscular re-education intervention in the blast-injured, traumatic brain injury (TBI) population. The purpose of this case study is to document the use BWSTT and goal-directed therapy in the improvement of gait quality, gait speed and maximum distance ambulated in a blast injury survivor with TBI. Case description: A 36-year-old male soldier injured by a rocket propelled grenade in Iraq who began physical therapy and gait training incorporating purposeful postural stability and mobility interventions as well as BWSTT. Outcomes: Missouri Assisted Gait scores, six-minute walk distances, and maximum distance ambulated all increased post gait training with BWSTT as a component to PT intervention. Discussion: Intensive gait training including BWSTT may have some efficacy in managing significant blast trauma patients with TBI however, further research is necessary to establish efficacy and appropriateness in this patient population. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20039 USA. RP Scherer, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20039 USA. EM matthew.scherer@us.army.mil NR 22 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-9052 J9 BRAIN INJURY JI Brain Inj. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 21 IS 1 BP 93 EP 100 DI 10.1080/02699050601149104 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 141FQ UT WOS:000244564600011 PM 17364524 ER PT J AU Courtney, A Courtney, M AF Courtney, Amy Courtney, Michael TI Links between traumatic brain injury and ballistic pressure waves originating in the thoracic cavity and extremities SO BRAIN INJURY LA English DT Review DE ballistic pressure wave; mild TBI; gunshot wound ID NERVOUS-SYSTEM; INDUCED NEUROTRAUMA; CONCUSSION; PIGS; TRANSIENT; EPILEPSY; HISTORY; IMPACT; DAMAGE; LIGHT AB Purpose: Identifying patients at risk of traumatic brain injury ( TBI) is important because research suggests prophylactic treatments to reduce risk of long- term sequelae. Method: This review considers results from the lateral fluid percussion model of TBI, ballistic experiments in animal models and analyses of human studies. Results: Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that bullet impacts distant from the brain produce pressure waves that travel to the brain and can retain sufficient magnitude to induce brain injury. Conclusions: The link to long- term sequelae could be investigated via epidemiological studies of patients who were gunshot in the chest to determine whether they experience elevated rates of epilepsy and other neurological sequelae. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Ballist Testing Grp, West Point, NY USA. RP Courtney, A (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM amy_courtney@post.harvard.edu NR 28 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-9052 J9 BRAIN INJURY JI Brain Inj. PY 2007 VL 21 IS 7 BP 657 EP 662 DI 10.1080/02699050701481571 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 192LX UT WOS:000248204400001 PM 17653939 ER PT J AU Hammamieh, R Chakraborty, N Miller, SA Waddy, E Barmada, M Das, R Peel, SA Day, AA Jett, M AF Hammamieh, Rasha Chakraborty, Nabarun Miller, Stacy-Ann Waddy, Edward Barmada, Mohsen Das, Rina Peel, Sheila A. Day, Agnes A. Jett, Marti TI Differential effects of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids on gene expression in breast cancer cells SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE arachidonic acid (AA); eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA); DNA microarray; N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid; N-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ID GROWTH-INHIBITION; N-3; PATHWAY; MECHANISMS; APOPTOSIS; TARGET; ALPHA; RISK; RATS; DIET AB Essential fatty acids have long been identified as possible oncogenic factors. Existing reports suggest omega-6 (omega-6) essential fatty acids (EFA) as pro-oncogenic and omega-3 (omega-3) EFA as anti-oncogenic factors. The omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), inhibit the growth of human breast cancer cells while the omega-6 fatty acids induces growth of these cells in animal models and cell lines. In order to explore likely mechanisms for the modulation of breast cancer cell growth by omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, we examined the effects of arachidonic acid (AA), linoleic Acid (LA), EPA and DHA on human breast cancer cell lines using cDNA microarrays and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435s, MCF-7 and HCC2218 cell lines were treated with the selected fatty acids for 6 and 24 h. Microarray analysis of gene expression profiles in the breast cancer cells treated with both classes of fatty acids discerned essential differences among the two classes at the earlier time point. The differential effects of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids on the breast cancer cells were lessened at the late time point. Data mining and statistical analyses identified genes that were differentially expressed between breast cancer cells treated with omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. Ontological investigations have associated those genes to a broad spectrum of biological functions, including cellular nutrition, cell division, cell proliferation, metastasis and transcription factors etc., and thus presented an important pool of biomarkers for the differential effect of omega-3 and omega-6EFAs. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Howard Univ, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol, Washington, DC 20059 USA. RP Jett, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, 503 Robert Grant Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM marti.jett@na.amedd.army.mil NR 29 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0167-6806 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 101 IS 1 BP 7 EP 16 DI 10.1007/s10549-006-9269-x PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 123UV UT WOS:000243322500003 PM 16823509 ER PT J AU Lee, TF Miller, SD Turk, FJ Hawkins, JD Wang, S Dills, P Hoffman, C McWilliams, G Mineart, G Jelenak, Z AF Lee, Thomas F. Miller, Steven D. Turk, F. Joseph Hawkins, Jeffrey D. Wang, Sherwood Dills, Patrick Hoffman, Carl McWilliams, Gary Mineart, Gary Jelenak, Zorana TI Npoess online satellite training for users SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID IMAGERY; SENSOR C1 USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. COMET, Boulder, CO USA. NPOESS Integrated Program Off, Silver Spring, MD USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. Mitretek Syst, Falls Church, VA USA. NESDIS, NOAA, Camp Springs, MD USA. RP Lee, TF (reprint author), 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM Thomas.lee@nrimry.navy.mil RI Jelenak, Zorana/F-5596-2010 OI Jelenak, Zorana/0000-0003-0510-2973 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 88 IS 1 BP 13 EP 16 DI 10.1175/BAMS-88-1-13 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 137NC UT WOS:000244298300006 ER PT J AU Purdue, MP Sakoda, LC Graubard, BI Welch, R Chanock, SJ Sesterhenn, IA Rubertone, MV Erickson, RL McGlynn, KA AF Purdue, Mark P. Sakoda, Lori C. Graubard, Barry I. Welch, Robert Chanock, Stephen J. Sesterhenn, Isabel A. Rubertone, Mark V. Erickson, R. Loren McGlynn, Katherine A. TI A case-control investigation of immune function gene polymorphisms and risk of testicular germ cell tumors SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA-1 GENE; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; PROMOTER POLYMORPHISMS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; SEMINAL PLASMA; CANCER RISK; ASSOCIATION; TESTIS; REGION AB There is reason to suspect that testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) development may be influenced by cytokines, secreted proteins that modulate tumor immune surveillance activity as well as a variety of processes in the testis. To address this hypothesis, we conducted a case-control analysis (508 cases, 608 controls) of 32 putatively functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in 16 immune function genes among non-Hispanic Caucasian participants in the U.S. Servicemen's Testicular Tumor Environmental and Endocrine Determinants Study. The TGFB1 Ex5-73C > T variant was positively associated with TGCT (CT/TT versus CC: odds ratio, 1.73; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-2.95; P-trend = 0.05); additionally, haplotypes of the assessed TGFB1 SNPs (-509C > T, 327C > T, Ex1-282C > G, and Ex5-73C > T) differed in frequency between cases and controls (all TGCT, P 0.07; seminoma, P 0.04; nonseminoma, P 0.11). We also observed excess frequencies among TGCT cases versus controls of LTA 252G (P-trend = 0.08) and of the TNF variants -1042C (P-trend = 0.06), -1036T (P-trend = 0.07), and -238G (P-trend = 0.09). Analyses of haplotypes for LTA-TNF SNPs (LTA -91C > A, LTA 252A > G, TNF -863C > A, TNF -857C > T, TNF -308G > A, and -238G > A) were similarly suggestive of an association with TGCT (P = 0.06) and nonseminoma (P = 0.04), but not seminoma (P = 0.21). Polymorphisms in other genes were found to be associated only with seminoma (IL2) or nonseminoma (IFNGR2 and IL10). However, none of the associations remained noteworthy after applying the false discovery rate method to control for multiple testing. In conclusion, our findings suggest that polymorphisms in TGFB1 and LTA/TNF, and possibly other immune function genes, may influence susceptibility to TGCT. C1 NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Depet Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Core Genotyping Facil, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Gaithersburg, MD USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Forest Glen, MD USA. RP Purdue, MP (reprint author), NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Depet Hlth & Human Serv, EPS-8009,6120 Execut Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM purduem@mail.nih.gov RI Purdue, Mark/C-9228-2016 OI Purdue, Mark/0000-0003-1177-3108 FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 48 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 16 IS 1 BP 77 EP 83 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0573 PG 7 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 126XY UT WOS:000243550100013 PM 17220333 ER PT J AU Farrauto, RJ Liu, Y Ruettinger, W Ilinich, O Shore, L Giroux, T AF Farrauto, Robert J. Liu, Ye Ruettinger, Wolfgang Ilinich, Oleg Shore, Larry Giroux, Tom TI Precious metal catalysts supported on ceramic and metal monolithic structures for the hydrogen economy SO CATALYSIS REVIEWS-SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Review DE precious metal catalysts; monolithic structures; heat exchangers; natural gas; on-site hydrogen generation; fueling stations; fuel cells ID WATER-GAS-SHIFT; FUEL-CELL APPLICATIONS; SELECTIVE CO OXIDATION; CERIA-ZIRCONIA OXIDES; LOW-TEMPERATURE; CARBON-MONOXIDE; PREFERENTIAL OXIDATION; PT/CERIA CATALYSTS; CUO-CEO2 CATALYSTS; SURFACE FORMATES AB Distributed hydrogen for the hydrogen economy will require new catalysts and processes. Existing large-scale hydrogen plants can not simply be reduced in size to meet the economic, safety, and frequent duty cycle requirements for applications for fuel cells, hydrogen fueling stations, and industrial uses such as hydrogenation reactions, gas turbine cooling, metal processing, etc ( 1, 2). Consequently, there is a need to completely reassess how hydrogen can be made for the emerging hydrogen economy. This article presents some of the technological advantages of precious metal monoliths over traditional base metal particulate catalysts for reforming hydrocarbons, such as natural gas, for the generation of distributed hydrogen. C1 BASF Catalysts, Corps Engineers, Iselin, NJ 08830 USA. RP Farrauto, RJ (reprint author), BASF Catalysts, Corps Engineers, 101 Wood Ave, Iselin, NJ 08830 USA. EM bob.farrauto@basf.com NR 82 TC 88 Z9 88 U1 7 U2 59 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0161-4940 J9 CATAL REV JI Catal. Rev.-Sci. Eng. PY 2007 VL 49 IS 2 BP 141 EP 196 DI 10.1080/01614940701220496 PG 56 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 156CT UT WOS:000245626400001 ER PT J AU Zoltani, CK Baskin, SI AF Zoltani, C. K. Baskin, S. I. TI Anionic currents in hypoxia-mediated cardiac toxicity: A computer study SO CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hypoxia; anionic current; cardiac toxicity; computer model ID PROTEIN-KINASE-C; ACTIVATED CHLORIDE CURRENT; PIG VENTRICULAR MYOCYTES; EXTRACELLULAR ATP; CHANNELS; HEART; CYANIDE; CELLS; STIMULATION; MODULATION AB Hypoxia-caused modulation of cardiac electrophysiology was modeled by computer simulation. Emphasis was on the effect of activation of anionic channels on the electrical state of the tissue. The model includes implicitly the effect of the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen oxide ( NO) on myocyte membrane voltage by their contribution to the activation of chloride currents. Three anionic currents were added to the modified Luo-Rudy ionic model of the ventricular action potential used in these calculations. The effect of the activation of the usually dormant currents due to hypoxia results in the modulation of the morphology of the action potential and the ECG. Transition of the ECG to ventricular fibrillation is shown. An important finding reported here is that control of the swelling and protein kinase C (PKC)-activated chloride currents can limit the electrical chaos of pharmacologically-caused hypoxic cardiac toxicity. C1 USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Direct, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Analyt Toxicol Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Zoltani, CK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Direct, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM zoltani@arl.army.mil NR 33 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU C M B ASSOC PI POITIERS PA 40 AVENUE RECTEUR PINEAU, BAT MECANIQUE, 86022 POITIERS, FRANCE SN 0145-5680 J9 CELL MOL BIOL JI Cell. Mol. Biol. PY 2007 VL 53 IS 1 BP 78 EP 83 DI 10.1170/T778 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 197IS UT WOS:000248548800009 PM 17519115 ER PT S AU Radicic, WN Ni, EV Fountain, AW AF Radicic, William N. Ni, Eric V. Fountain, Augustus W., III BE Fountain, AW TI Spectroscopic and design considerations for quartz-bound Au nanoparticle SERS substrates in chemical and biological detection - art. no. 655407 SO Chemical and Biological Sensing VIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Chemical and Biological Sensing VIII CY APR 11-12, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE SERS; matrix effects; Raman; nanotechnology; au nanoparticles ID RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY AB Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and spatial characterization of quartz-bound Au nanoparticle substrates has been used to assist the improvement of analytical sensitivity and limits of detection. SERS enhancement is significantly affected not only by a substrate's surface morphology but also laser-analyte orientation as well as matrix effects caused by non-analyte and non-metal substrate compounds. The use of Au hydrosols to fabricate better performing SERS substrates to detect chemical and/or biological agents has been an area of active and widespread research, but to date, the impact of matrix effects from spectral interferers introduced during fabrication on analytical sensitivity and limits of detection is not well understood. Experiments varying the depth of collection (observation) volume with respect to R6G on the substrate show high variability in analyte signal to noise ratios (S/N) well as high variability in background due to matrix effects from varying influences of the substrate non-metal components. Of the many post-fabrication design factors affecting SERS substrate sensitivity, characterization of matrix effects caused by vertical changes in observation volume near the analyte-substrate interface will improve analytical sensitivity and limits of detection. C1 US Mil Acad, Photon Res Ctr, Dept Chem & Life Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Radicic, WN (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Photon Res Ctr, Dept Chem & Life Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6676-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6554 BP 55407 EP 55407 AR 655407 DI 10.1117/12.718730 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing GA BGK44 UT WOS:000247963200004 ER PT S AU Rosario, D Romano, J AF Rosario, Dalton Romano, John BE Fountain, AW TI Wide-area hyperspectral chemical plume detection using parallel random sampling - art. no. 65540A SO Chemical and Biological Sensing VIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Chemical and Biological Sensing VIII CY APR 11-12, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE chemical plume detection; hyperspectral; LWIR ID ANOMALY DETECTION; IMAGERY AB We present a multistage anomaly detection algorithm suite and suggest its application to chemical plume detection using hyperspectral (HS) imagery. This approach is proposed to handle underlying difficulties (e.g., plume shape/scale uncertainties) facing the development of autonomous anomaly detection algorithms. The approach features four stages: (i) scene random sampling, which does not require secondary information (shape and scale) about potential effluent plumes; (ii) anomaly detection; (iii) parallel processes, which are introduced to mitigate the inclusion by chance of potential plume samples into clutter background classes; and (iv) fusion of results. The probabilities of taking plume samples by chance within the parallel processes are modeled by the binomial distribution family, which can be used to assist on tradeoff decisions. Since this approach relies on the effectiveness of its core anomaly detection technique, we present a compact test statistic for anomaly detection, which is based on an asymmetric hypothesis test. This anomaly detection technique has shown to preserve meaningful detections (genuine anomalies in the scene) while significantly reducing the number of meaningless detections (transitions of background regions). Results of a proof of principle experiment are presented using this approach to test real HS background imagery with synthetically embedded gas plumes. Initial results are encouraging. C1 Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Rosario, D (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6676-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6554 BP A5540 EP A5540 AR 65540A DI 10.1117/12.720905 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing GA BGK44 UT WOS:000247963200006 ER PT S AU Heaps, DA Pellegrino, PM AF Heaps, David A. Pellegrino, Paul M. BE Fountain, AW TI Investigations of Intraband Quantum Cascade Laser source for a MEMS-scale photoacoustic sensor - art. no. 65540F SO Chemical and Biological Sensing VIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Chemical and Biological Sensing VIII CY APR 11-12, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE photoacoustics; microelectromechanical systems; piezoelectrics; chemical sensor ID MINIATURIZATION; INTEGRATION AB Photoacoustic spectroscopy is a useftil monitoring technique that is well suited for trace gas detection applications. A sensitive and compact differential photoacoustic method for trace gas measurements is proposed. The technique possesses favorable detection characteristics that suggest the system dimensions may scale to a micro-system design. The objective of present work is to incorporate two strengths of the Army Research Laboratory (ARL); Interband Quantum Cascade Laser (ICL) source development and Chemical and Biological Sensing; we then applied them into a monolithic micro-electromechanical systems (NEMS) photoacoustic trace gas sensor. Previous data has shown that reducing the size of the photoacoustic cell can produce a very sensitive sensor using a CO2 laser. Recent work has shown that with further reduction in the size of the photoacoustic cell in combination with an ICL as the source, produces favorable detection limits for Dimethyl Methyl Phosphonate (DMMP) a precursor to a nerve agent. These studies involve the incorporation of an ICL source operating at similar to 3.45 mu m. This experimentation is expected to culminate in the creation of an extremely versatile NEMS photoacoustic sensor. C1 US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Heaps, DA (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6676-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6554 BP F5540 EP F5540 AR 65540F DI 10.1117/12.722278 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing GA BGK44 UT WOS:000247963200011 ER PT S AU Schill, AW Arnold, BR Kellyb, LA Pellegrino, PM AF Schill, Alexander W. Arnold, Bradley R. Kellyb, Lisa A. Pellegrino, Paul M. BE Fountain, AW TI Standoff detection using coherent backscattered spectroscopy - art. no. 65540G SO Chemical and Biological Sensing VIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Chemical and Biological Sensing VIII CY APR 11-12, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE standoff detection; stimulated emission; laser spectroscopy; laser induced fluorescence ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; ULTRAFAST PHOTODISSOCIATION DYNAMICS; STIMULATED RAMAN-SCATTERING; 195 NM; ACETONE; SPECTROMETRY; EMISSION; PULSES; LIBS; AIR AB Intense laser pulses may be used for standoff detection of energetic materials. Coherent backscattered spectroscopy offers a tremendous advantage over other spectroscopic detection techniques in that it uses stimulated or amplified spontaneous emission from the sample to produce a minimally divergent, directional beam back to the detection platform. The characteristics of the backscattered beam depend largely on the intensity and pulse width of the laser source as well as the concentration and photo-physical characteristics of the target molecule. Different target molecules will exhibit different backscattered emission signals, allowing differential detection of energetic materials in the vapor phase. Because of the highly directional nature of the coherent backscattered beam, detection limits in the vapor of less than 1 ppm at ranges up to 100 meters can be anticipated. C1 US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Schill, AW (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6676-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6554 BP G5540 EP G5540 AR 65540G DI 10.1117/12.722309 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing GA BGK44 UT WOS:000247963200012 ER PT S AU Stratis-Cullum, DN McMasters, S Sooter, LJ Pellegrino, PM AF Stratis-Cullum, Dimitra N. McMasters, Sun Sooter, Letha J. Pellegrino, Paul M. BE Fountain, AW TI Investigation of synthetic molecular recognition for Biosensing applications - art. no. 65540Z SO Chemical and Biological Sensing VIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Chemical and Biological Sensing VIII CY APR 11-12, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE capillary electrophoresis; molecular recognition elements; food pathogens; aptamer; biosensors ID NONEQUILIBRIUM CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTION; EQUILIBRIUM MIXTURES; APTAMERS; AFFINITY; SELECTION; TIME AB A fundamental understanding of the factors which influence binding performance is critical to any technology or methodology relying on molecular recognition of a specific target species. For the Army, there is a growing need for a basic understanding of these interactions with traditional recognition elements (e.g., antibodies) in non-traditional environmental conditions, such as with new and emerging threats. There is a similar need for building a base of knowledge on non-traditional affinity ligands that are biomimetic or biosynthetic in nature. In this paper, specific research at the Army Research Laboratory towards the development, evaluation and use of synthetic affinity ligands for sensing applications is discussed. This includes the results of our investigations of aptamer-based affinity ligands targeting Campylobacter jejuni. Using capillary electrophoretic techniques, the relative binding affinities of the aptamer ligands towards the target pathogen as well as the degree of cross-reactivity with other food borne-pathogens (i.e., Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella typhimurium) were evaluated. Current progress towards the development of synthetic affinity ligands for sensing applications will also be discussed. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Stratis-Cullum, DN (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6676-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6554 BP Z5540 EP Z5540 AR 65540Z DI 10.1117/12.722432 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing GA BGK44 UT WOS:000247963200028 ER PT J AU Quinn, MJ Lavoie, ET Ottinger, MA AF Quinn, Michael J., Jr. Lavoie, Emma T. Ottinger, Mary Ann TI Reproductive toxicity of trenbolone acetate in embryonically exposed Japanese quail SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE androgen; endocrine disrupting chemical; reproductive behavior; embryonic development; cloacal foam gland; Japanese quail ID ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; SEXUAL-DIFFERENTIATION; TREATMENT-PLANT; IN-VITRO; COTURNIX; BEHAVIOR; TESTOSTERONE; POLLUTANTS; MORPHOLOGY; STABILITY AB This study was conducted to assess the effects of a one time embryonic exposure to trenbolone acetate on reproductive development and function in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Embryos were exposed to either 0.05, 0.5, 5, or 50 mu g trenbolone or a sesame oil vehicle control at embryonic day 4. Onset of puberty, gonadal histopathology, sperm motility, cloacal gland size, and male copulatory behavior were assessed in adults. Trenbolone delayed onset of puberty in males, inhibited cloacal gland development, and reduced male reproductive behaviors. Industry laboratories have shown trenbolone acetate to be non-teratogenic in mammalian studies. Our study, however, shows that this one time in ovo exposure delayed onset of puberty in and suppressed adult copulatory behavior in quail males. These results suggest that this one time embryonic exposure to trenbolone may have disrupted development of either the central nervous system or the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This is the first study to demonstrate a demasculinizing effect on copulatory behavior in Japanese quail from embryonic exposure to a non-aromatizable androgenic chemical. More studies are needed to determine the mechanisms behind the observed effects. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Toxicol, Hlt Effects Res Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Avian & Anim Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Quinn, MJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Toxicol, Hlt Effects Res Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM michael.james.quinn@us.army.mil NR 26 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2007 VL 66 IS 7 BP 1191 EP 1196 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.07.085 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 134DL UT WOS:000244062700004 PM 16989888 ER PT J AU Adrian, NR Arnett, CM AF Adrian, Neal R. Arnett, Clint M. TI Anaerobic biotransformation of explosives in aquifer slurries amended with ethanol and propylene glycol SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE explosives; anaerobic biodegradation; RDX; HMX; TNT ID HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE RDX; METHANOGENIC CONDITIONS; MICROBIAL-DEGRADATION; CONTAMINATED SOIL; BIODEGRADATION; HYDROGEN; MINERALIZATION; METABOLITES; REDUCTION; BACTERIA AB Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) are explosives that are frequently found as environmental contaminants on military installations. Hydrogen has been shown to support the anaerobic transformation of these explosives. We investigated ethanol and propylene glycol as electron donors for providing syntrophically produced H-2 for stimulating the anaerobic biodegradation of explosives in contaminated soil. The study was conducted using anoxic microcosms constructed with slurries of the contaminated soil and groundwater. The addition of 5 mM ethanol and propylene glycol enhanced the biodegradation of RDX and HMX relative to the control bottles. Ethanol was depleted within about 20 days, resulting in the transient formation of hydrogen, acetate, and methane. The hydrogen headspace concentration increased from 8 ppm to 1838 ppm before decreasing to background concentrations. Propylene glycol was completely degraded after 15 days, forming hydrogen, propionate, and acetate as end-products. The hydrogen headspace concentrations increased from 56 ppm to 628 ppm before decreasing to background concentrations. No methane formation was observed during the incubation period of 48 days. Our findings indicate the addition of ethanol and propylene to the aquifer slurries increased the hydrogen concentrations and enhanced the biotransformation of RDX and HMX in the explosive-contaminated soil. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Construct Engn Res Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. RP Arnett, CM (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Construct Engn Res Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, POB 9005, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. EM Clint.Arnett@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 24 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2007 VL 66 IS 10 BP 1849 EP 1856 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.08.042 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 142BO UT WOS:000244623900005 PM 17095047 ER PT J AU Song, M Cole, DM Baker, I AF Song Min Cole, David M. Baker, Ian TI Effect of fine particles on the flow behavior of polycrystalline ice and glaciers - (I) a dislocation-based relaxation model SO CHINESE JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICS-CHINESE EDITION LA Chinese DT Article DE ice and glacier; dislocation; relaxation; flow; nonlinear model ID GRANULAR-ICE; SALINE ICE; CREEP; CORE AB A dislocation-based nonlinear relaxation model has been developed to quantify the variations of dislocation density in ice and glaciers as a function of flow stress during flow processes. The calculation based on the model indicates that during the power-law creep stage, the stress/strain hysteresis loop width and area increase linearly with the creep stress, and dislocation density increases as a second-power With the creep stress; while during the linear creep stage, the stress/stralin hysteresis loop width, area and dislocation density remain constant. C1 Cent S Univ, State Key Lab Powder Met, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Song, M (reprint author), Cent S Univ, State Key Lab Powder Met, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China. EM msong@mail.cus.edu.cn RI Song, Min/C-3730-2013 OI Song, Min/0000-0002-3197-4647 NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 0001-5733 J9 CHINESE J GEOPHYS-CH JI Chinese J. Geophys.-Chinese Ed. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 50 IS 1 BP 126 EP 130 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 138BT UT WOS:000244338300018 ER PT J AU Rupp, TL Acebo, C Carskadon, MA AF Rupp, Tracy L. Acebo, Christine Carskadon, Mary A. TI Evening alcohol suppresses salivary melatonin in young adults SO CHRONOBIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE alcohol; melatonin suppression; dim light ID BREAST-CANCER; CIRCADIAN PERIOD; SECRETION; ETHANOL; WOMEN; CHRONOBIOLOGY; CONSUMPTION; NIGHT; RISK AB The study objective was to determine the acute effects of a moderate evening close of alcohol on salivary melatonin levels in humans with stable prior sleep-wake histories and in a controlled environment. Twenty-nine adults (nine males) ages 21 to 25 (M = 22.6, SD = 1.2) yrs adhered to a 10-day at-home stabilized sleep Schedule followed by three in-lab adaptation, placebo, and alcohol (order counterbalanced) study nights. Alcohol (vodka: 0.54 g/kg for men and 0.49 g/kg for women) or placebo beverage was consumed over 30 min, ending I It before stabilized bedtime. At 140 and 190 min after alcohol administration, melatonin level was reduced by 15% and 19%, respectively, in comparison to placebo. The findings indicate that a moderate dose of alcohol in the evening suppressed melatonin in young adults. C1 EP Bradley Sleep & Chronobiol Lab, Providence, RI USA. Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Brown Univ, Dept Psychol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Rupp, TL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, 503 Robert Grand Ave,Room 2W88, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM tracy.rupp@amedd.army.mil FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA13252] NR 19 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0742-0528 J9 CHRONOBIOL INT JI Chronobiol. Int. PY 2007 VL 24 IS 3 BP 463 EP 470 DI 10.1080/07420520701420675 PG 8 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA 185QV UT WOS:000247726400007 PM 17612945 ER PT J AU Rabinowitz, YG Gallagher-Thompson, D AF Rabinowitz, Yaron G. Gallagher-Thompson, Dolores TI Health and Health Behaviors Among Female Caregivers of Elderly Relatives with Dementia: The Role of Ethnicity and Kinship Status SO CLINICAL GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Caregivers; health behaviors; ethnicity; kinship status AB This study examined ethnic and kinship status differences in health behavior patterns, self-rated health, and health conditions in an ethnically diverse sample of 256 female family dementia caregivers. The findings revealed that Latina caregivers rated their health as significantly worse than their Caucasian counterparts. Moreover, Latina caregivers were observed to be significantly more likely to eat fewer than two meals per day or to have gained more than 10 lbs. in 6 months, and to have had difficulty with bouts of dizziness. Caucasian caregivers were significantly more likely to smoke, have a heart condition, and experience gastrointestinal difficulties. With respect to kinship status, daughter caregivers were more likely to have experienced recent weight gain, to have high blood pressure, or a chronic lung condition than spousal caregivers. The findings suggest that specific interventions, designed to address the unique patterns of health behaviors and conditions observed across ethnicity and kinship status, may be needed to improve the health behavior patterns of specific populations of caregivers. doi:10.1300/J018v31n02_01 [Article copies available for a fee from The Haworth Document Delivery Service: 1-800-HAWORTH. E-mail address: < docdelivery@haworthpress.com > Website: < http://www.HaworthPress.com > (C) 2007 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.] C1 [Rabinowitz, Yaron G.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Rabinowitz, Yaron G.; Gallagher-Thompson, Dolores] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Older Adult & Family Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Rabinowitz, YG (reprint author), 2720 Franciscan Dr, Fayetteville, NC 28306 USA. EM rubes@ureach.com FU National Institute on Aging [AG13289] FX This research was supported in part by AG13289 from the National Institute on Aging. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0731-7115 J9 CLIN GERONTOLOGIST JI Clin. Gerontol. PY 2007 VL 31 IS 2 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1300/J018v31n02_01 PG 15 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA V18AG UT WOS:000207977100001 ER PT J AU Heinten, L McClain, M Prestigiacomo, T Bruner, B Binder, S Edgerton, C Rubertone, M James, J Harley, J AF Heinten, Latisha McClain, Micah Prestigiacomo, Tony Bruner, Ben Binder, Steven Edgerton, Colin Rubertone, Mark James, Judith Harley, John TI Autoantibody onset prior to SLE diagnosis follows predictable patterns of development SO CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th Annual Meeting of the Federation-of-Clinical-Immunology-Societies CY JUN 07-11, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP Federat Clin Immunol Soc C1 Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent, Rheumatol Serv, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1521-6616 J9 CLIN IMMUNOL JI Clin. Immunol. PY 2007 VL 123 SU S BP S101 EP S101 DI 10.1016/j.clim.2007.03.467 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 177EU UT WOS:000247137200262 ER PT J AU Lu, XY Peckham, R Falabella, M Tsokos, GC AF Lu, Xinyue Peckham, Russell Falabella, Michael Tsokos, George C. TI Human C-reactive protein augments the gut ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice SO CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th Annual Meeting of the Federation-of-Clinical-Immunology-Societies CY JUN 07-11, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP Federat Clin Immunol Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1521-6616 J9 CLIN IMMUNOL JI Clin. Immunol. PY 2007 VL 123 SU S BP S185 EP S186 DI 10.1016/j.clim.2007.03.174 PG 2 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 177EU UT WOS:000247137200488 ER PT J AU Cohen, SP Hurley, RW Christo, PJ Winkley, J Mohiuddin, MM Stojanovic, MP AF Cohen, Steven P. Hurley, Robert W. Christo, Paul J. Winkley, James Mohiuddin, Meraj M. Stojanovic, Milan P. TI Clinical predictors of success and failure for lumbar facet radiofrequency denervation SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF PAIN LA English DT Article DE facet joint; low back pain; medial branch block; predictive value; radiofrequency; zygapophysial joint ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; ZYGAPOPHYSIAL JOINT PAIN; SINGLE-NEEDLE; RISK-FACTORS; DOUBLE-BLIND; BLOCKS; INJECTION; EFFICACY; TRIAL; NEUROTOMY AB Objective: To determine the clinical factors associated with the success and failure of radiofrequency denervation of the lumbar facet joints. Methods: Clinical data were garnered from 3 academic medical centers on 192 patients with low back pain who underwent radiofrequency denervation after a positive response to diagnostic blocks. Success was defined as >= 50% pain relief lasting at least 6 months. Factors evaluated for their association with outcome included duration of pain, opioid use, symptom location, paraspinal tenderness, pain exacerbated by extension/ rotation (ie, facet loading), MRI abnormalities, diabetes, smoking, scoliosis, obesity, prior surgery and levels treated. Results: The only factor associated with a successful outcome was paraspinal tenderness. Variables that correlated with treatment failure were 'facet loading,' long duration of pain, and previous back surgery. Conclusions: It is counterproductive to use 'facet loading' as the sole basis for choosing patients for facet interventions. In patients at high risk for treatment failure, taking additional steps to reduce the rate of false-positive screening blocks may improve outcomes. C1 Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Pain Management Div, Baltimore, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care,Pain Management Div, Boston, MA USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), 550 N Broadway,Suite 301, Baltimore, MD 21029 USA. EM scohen40@jhmi.edu NR 46 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0749-8047 J9 CLIN J PAIN JI Clin. J. Pain PD JAN PY 2007 VL 23 IS 1 BP 45 EP 52 DI 10.1097/01.ajp.0000210941.04182.ea PG 8 WC Anesthesiology; Clinical Neurology SC Anesthesiology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 122MT UT WOS:000243231800007 PM 17277644 ER PT J AU Nasir, JM Durning, SJ Johnson, RL Haigney, MC AF Nasir, Javed M. Durning, Steven J. Johnson, Roy L. Haigney, Mark C. TI Symptomatic hypervagotonia in a highly conditioned athlete SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF SPORT MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE hypervagotonia; athlete; syncope; theophylline ID VENTRICULAR PAUSES; THEOPHYLLINE; ARRHYTHMIAS; BRADYCARDIA C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Cardiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Haigney, MC (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Cardiol, Room A3060,4301 Jones Brideg Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM mhaigney@usuhs.mil NR 7 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1050-642X J9 CLIN J SPORT MED JI Clin. J. Sport Med. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 17 IS 1 BP 70 EP 71 DI 10.1097/JSM.0b013e3180305ee2 PG 2 WC Orthopedics; Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 128QL UT WOS:000243673000014 PM 17304011 ER PT J AU Dharnidharka, VR Agodoa, LY Abbott, KC AF Dharnidharka, Vikas R. Agodoa, Lawrence Y. Abbott, Kevin C. TI Effects of urinary tract infection on outcomes after renal transplantation in children SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 37th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Nephrology CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2004 CL St Louis, MO SP Amer Soc Nephrol ID KIDNEY-TRANSPLANTATION; UNITED-STATES; RECIPIENTS; COMPLICATIONS; HOSPITALIZATIONS; PROPHYLAXIS; PREVALENCE; REJECTION; DISEASE; RISK AB Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common infection after kidney transplantation. A previous analysis showed that late (>6 mo after transplantation) UTI is associated with earlier graft loss in adults. It was hypothesized that children who are younger than 18 yr would be at higher risk to develop UTI and develop graft loss after both early and late UTI. The US Renal Data System database was analyzed from 1996 to 2000 for Medicare claims (composite of inpatient and outpatient) for UTI up to 36 mo after transplantation. SPSS software and Cox regression models were used to determine association of UTI and age after adjustment for covariates. Early UTI was defined as occurring <6 mo after transplantation, and late UTI was defined as occurring >= 6 mo after transplantation. The risk for graft loss after early UTI was elevated in all children (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] 5.47; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.93 to 15.4; P<0.001) but not after late UTI (AHR 2.09; 95% CI 0.56 to 7.80; P=0.27). Risk for posttransplantation death was not increased significantly after either early UTI (AHR 1.23; 95% CI 0.37 to 4.08) or late UTI (relative risk 2.22; 95% CI 0.90 to 5.44). Boys aged 2 to 5 (versus age 13 to <18 years) were at significantly higher risk for UTI. In girls, only those in the youngest age category (0 to 1) had higher risk for UTI. Children are at greater risk for graft loss after early but not necessarily late UTI. UTI was not an independent predictor of death in this population. C1 Univ Florida, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Pediat Nephrol, Coll Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. NIDDKD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Dharnidharka, VR (reprint author), Univ Florida, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Pediat Nephrol, Coll Med, POB 100296,1600 SW Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM vikasmd@ufl.edu OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [1R21DK069535] NR 25 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN SOCIETY NEPHROLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1725 I ST, NW STE 510, WASHINGTON, DC 20006 USA SN 1555-905X J9 CLIN J AM SOC NEPHRO JI Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 2 IS 1 BP 100 EP 106 DI 10.2215/CJN.01820506 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 123VP UT WOS:000243324500018 PM 17699393 ER PT J AU Freedman, BA Potter, BK Nesti, LJ Cho, T Kuklo, TR AF Freedman, Brett A. Potter, Benjamin K. Nesti, Leon J. Cho, Timothy Kuklo, Timothy R. TI Missed opportunities in patients with osteoporosis and distal radius fractures SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HIP FRACTURE; WOMEN; RISK; DENSITY AB Low-energy wrist (distal radius) fractures are hallmarks of osteoporosis. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis reduce refracture rates. We retrospectively determined the type and frequency of osteoporosis-related interventions rendered to patients 50 years and older in the year after a wrist fragility fracture. In addition, we compared the rates of intervention between men and women. Data were collected from the computerized medical record of one military healthcare system. We identified 111 patients who sustained wrist fragility fractures between July and December 2002. Endocrinology referrals, dual-energy xray absorptiometry scans, and osteoporosis medication prescriptions in the year after their fracture were recorded. Overall, 28 patients (25%) were referred to endocrinology, 22 patients (20%) had a dual-energy xray absorptiometry scan, 33 patients (30%) were prescribed an approved medication for treatment of osteoporosis, and 52 patients (47%) were prescribed one of these medications and/or vitamin D and calcium. Sixty percent of patients received at least one intervention. All diagnostic and medical interventions were more likely ordered for women than men. Orthopaedic surgeons continue to miss opportunities to initiate diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for patients, especially men, presenting with fragility fractures. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Freedman, BA (reprint author), 4930 Battery Lane,Apt 3, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM brettfreedman@yahoo.com OI Potter, MD, Benjamin K./0000-0002-8771-0317 NR 19 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD JAN PY 2007 IS 454 BP 202 EP 206 DI 10.1097/01.blo.0000238866.15228.c4 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 123BW UT WOS:000243272300034 ER PT J AU Gerasimon, G Bennett, S Musser, J Rinard, J AF Gerasimon, Gregg Bennett, Steven Musser, Jeffrey Rinard, John TI Acute hydrogen sulfide poisoning in a dairy farmer SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hydrogen sulfide; cytochrome-aa(3); nitrite; hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) ID EXPOSURE; TOXICITY AB Introduction. Hydrogen sulfide is a lipid-soluble gas produced in occupational settings and from decaying organic matter. We present a 36-year-old man who developed acute respiratory arrest from hydrogen sulfide poisoning while performing work as a dairy farmer. Case report. The subject entered a poorly ventilated tank containing degrading eggs and, within seconds, collapsed. Coworkers were able to extract him within minutes but he was apneic. He was intubated by emergency medical services and subsequently managed with supportive care in the intensive care unit. Upon admission, a powerful rotten egg scent was noted and a hydrogen sulfide poisoning was suspected. Serum analysis for the presence of thiosulfate confirmed the diagnosis. Nitrite therapy was not administered as the subject arrived outside of the therapeutic window of effectiveness and showed evidence of excellent oxygenation. His examinations following arrival were consistent with an anoxic brain injury which slowly improved several months after the incident with intensive neuro-rehabilitation. Discussion. Hydrogen sulfide is a mitochondrial toxin and inhibits cytochrome-aa(3) and prevents cellular aerobic metabolism. Therapies for toxic exposures include removal from the contaminated environment, ventilation with 100% oxygen, and nitrite therapy if administered immediately after exposure. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy has anecdotal support and remains controversial. Conclusion. Hydrogen sulfide is a significant occupational health hazard. Education, personal protective equipment, and early treatment are important in improving outcomes. C1 USA, Dept Internal Med, Womack Army Med Ctr, Med Corps, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. USA, Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA USA. RP Gerasimon, G (reprint author), USA, Dept Internal Med, Womack Army Med Ctr, Med Corps, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. EM gregg.gerasimon@us.army.mil NR 21 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0731-3810 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PY 2007 VL 45 IS 4 BP 420 EP 423 DI 10.1080/15563650601118010 PG 4 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 173NA UT WOS:000246878600009 PM 17486486 ER PT J AU Rogers, WE Kaihatu, JM Hsu, L Jensen, RE Dykes, JD Holland, KT AF Rogers, W. Erick Kaihatu, James M. Hsu, Larry Jensen, Robert E. Dykes, James D. Holland, K. Todd TI Forecasting and hindcasting waves with the SWAN model in the Southern California Bight SO COASTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE wave modeling; wave forecasting; wave hindcasting; Southern California Bight; swells; swell forecasting AB The Naval Research Laboratory created a wave forecasting system in support of the Nearshore Canyon Experiment (NCEX) field program. The outer nest of this prediction system encompassed the Southern California Bight. This forecasting system is described in this paper, with analysis of results via comparison to the extensive buoy network in the region. There are a number of potential errors, two of which are poor resolution of islands in the Bight-which have a strong impact on nearshore wave climate-and the use of the stationary assumption for computations. These two problems have straightforward solutions, but the solutions are computationally expensive, so an operational user must carefully consider their cost. The authors study the impact of these two types of error (relative to other errors, such as error in boundary forcing) using several hindcasts performed after the completion of NCEX. It is found that, with buoy observations as ground truth, the stationary assumption leads to a modest increase in root-mean-square error; this is due to relatively poor prediction of the timing of swell arrivals and local sea growth/decay. The model results are found to be sensitive to the resolution of islands; however, coarse resolution does not incur an appreciable penalty in terms of error statistics computed via comparison to buoy observations, suggesting that other errors dominate. Inaccuracy in representation of the local atmospheric forcing likely has a significant impact on wave model error. Perhaps most importantly, the accuracy of directional distribution of wave energy at the open ocean boundaries appears to be a critical limitation on the accuracy of the model-data comparisons inside the Bight. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. USN, Res Lab, Marine Geol Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Rogers, WE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7320, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM rogers@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Holland, K. Todd/A-7673-2011; Kaihatu, James/H-7561-2016 OI Holland, K. Todd/0000-0002-4601-6097; Kaihatu, James/0000-0002-9277-6409 NR 19 TC 45 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3839 J9 COAST ENG JI Coast. Eng. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 54 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2006.06.011 PG 15 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 130PR UT WOS:000243812000001 ER PT J AU Marshall, HP Schneebeli, M Koh, G AF Marshall, Hans-Peter Schneebeli, Martin Koh, Gary TI Snow stratigraphy measurements with high-frequency FMCW radar: Comparison with snow micro-penetrometer SO COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Snow Science Workshop CY SEP 19-24, 2004 CL Jackson Hole, WY DE snow stratigraphy; radar; penetrometer; spatial variability; avalanches; snow hydrology ID SPATIAL VARIABILITY; STRENGTH; HARDNESS; SYSTEM; COVER; RESISTANCE; SURFACE; SLOPES; LAYERS AB The stratigraphy of an alpine snowpack is very important for avalanche danger assessment, as well as interpretation of remote sensing measurements for hydrological purposes. Since spatial variability is often widespread, due mainly to wind, micro-climatic and topographic effects, extrapolating point measurements can be difficult. Tools which can quickly characterize snowpack stratigraphy, such as high frequency radar and mechanical probes, will be required for a complete understanding of the effects of spatial variability, however interpretation of these kinds of measurements still remains challenging. We compare measurements from a portable 8-18 GHz Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar with SnowMicroPenetrometer (SMP) and standard snowpit measurements. Although significant variability existed at the sub-meter scale, major stratigraphic horizons could be followed along radar profiles and identified in SMP measurements. A very thin hard crust (0.2-0.4 mm) that was continuous caused strong signals that were identifiable in both the SMP and the radar measurements at five different sites along a 10 m traverse. Two other more subtle transitions in the SMP signal were highly correlated with the locations of radar reflections. This work suggests that combining FMCW radar measurements, to characterize snowpack geometry, with SMP measurements, to characterize mechanical properties of layers, may be a useful technique for quantifying the spatial variability of the snowpack. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Colorado, INSTAAR, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. WSL Swiss Fed Inst Snow & Avalanche Res, CH-7260 Davos, Switzerland. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Marshall, HP (reprint author), Univ Colorado, INSTAAR, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, 1560 30th St,Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM marshalh@colorado.edu RI Marshall, Hans-Peter/A-2374-2010; Schneebeli, Martin/B-1063-2008 OI Marshall, Hans-Peter/0000-0002-4852-5637; Schneebeli, Martin/0000-0003-2872-4409 NR 41 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-232X J9 COLD REG SCI TECHNOL JI Cold Reg. Sci. Tech. PD JAN 1 PY 2007 VL 47 IS 1-2 BP 108 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.coldregions.2006.08.008 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 129KH UT WOS:000243727900012 ER PT J AU Champagne, VK AF Champagne, V. K. BE Champagne, VK TI The cold spray materials deposition process Fundamentals and applications Introduction SO COLD SPRAY MATERIALS DEPOSITION PROCESS: FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS SE Woodhead Publishing in Materials LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID POWDER PARTICLES; VELOCITY; COATINGS; IMPACT C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Champagne, VK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM vchampag@arl.army.mil; vchampag@arl.army.mil NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84569-378-7 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL MATER PY 2007 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1533/9781845693787.1 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Materials Science GA BST78 UT WOS:000285759600002 ER PT J AU Champagne, VK AF Champagne, Victor K. BE Champagne, VK TI The cold spray materials deposition process Fundamentals and applications Preface SO COLD SPRAY MATERIALS DEPOSITION PROCESS: FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS SE Woodhead Publishing in Materials LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Champagne, VK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM vchampag@arl.army.mil; vchampag@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84569-378-7 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL MATER PY 2007 BP XIII EP XIV D2 10.1533/9781845693787 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Materials Science GA BST78 UT WOS:000285759600001 ER PT J AU Helfritch, DJ AF Helfritch, D. J. BE Champagne, VK TI Electromagnetic interference shielding by cold spray particle deposition SO COLD SPRAY MATERIALS DEPOSITION PROCESS: FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS SE Woodhead Publishing in Materials LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Helfritch, DJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM dhelfritch@arl.army.mil NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84569-378-7 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL MATER PY 2007 BP 315 EP 326 DI 10.1533/9781845693787.3.315 D2 10.1533/9781845693787 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Materials Science GA BST78 UT WOS:000285759600017 ER PT J AU Champagne, VK AF Champagne, V. K. BE Champagne, VK TI Repair of magnesium components by cold spray techniques SO COLD SPRAY MATERIALS DEPOSITION PROCESS: FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS SE Woodhead Publishing in Materials LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Champagne, VK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM vchampag@arl.army.mil; vchampag@arl.army.mil NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84569-378-7 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL MATER PY 2007 BP 327 EP 352 DI 10.1533/9781845693787.3.327 D2 10.1533/9781845693787 PG 26 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Materials Science GA BST78 UT WOS:000285759600018 ER PT J AU Williamson, SR AF Williamson, Samuel R., Jr. BE Martel, G TI The July Crisis SO COMPANION TO INTERNATIONAL HISTORY 1900-2001 SE Blackwell Companions to World History LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Williamson, Samuel R., Jr.] Univ South, Sewanee, TN 37383 USA. [Williamson, Samuel R., Jr.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY USA. [Williamson, Samuel R., Jr.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Williamson, Samuel R., Jr.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Williamson, Samuel R., Jr.] Univ South, Sewanee, TN USA. RP Williamson, SR (reprint author), Univ South, Sewanee, TN 37383 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA BN 978-0-470-69092-5 J9 BLACKW COMPAN WORLD PY 2007 BP 105 EP 117 PG 13 WC History SC History GA BEE40 UT WOS:000316283800009 ER PT J AU Kuentzer, N Simacek, P Advani, SG Walsh, S AF Kuentzer, Nina Simacek, Pavel Advani, Suresh G. Walsh, Shawn TI Correlation of void distribution to VARTM manufacturing techniques SO COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article DE resin flow; void content; optical microscopy; computational modeling ID FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITES; TRANSFER MOLDING PROCESS; RESIN; PERMEABILITY; MEDIA; RTM; FEATURES; MODEL AB Vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) is a liquid composite molding (LCM) technique used to manufacture large scale composite structures. Fiber preforms are placed on a tool surface and covered by a flow enhancement layer and a plastic bag. A vacuum is drawn on the system to infuse the resin. When the resin does not fully saturate the empty regions in between the fibers, voids are created. The fiber tows in woven and stitched preforms have a much lower permeability as compared to the bulk permeability of the fabric. Hence, fiber tows saturate with resin later than the pores between fiber tows and are more prone to voids. This study explores the impact of extended resin bleeding time and additional flow resistance at the vent on the void content within fiber tows both experimentally and by numerical simulation. Samples were machined from each of the manufactured panels and analyzed using image analysis techniques to obtain a relative void content. The experimental results were compared to results obtained by numerical simulation. The experimental void distribution showed that if resin is not allowed to bleed or if no external resistance is attached at the vent, the void content over the length of the part is not uniform. All void levels reduced when resistance was added or bleeding was allowed. The discrepancy between experimental and numerical results was addressed by including deformable distribution media in numerical model to capture the continuation of resin flow after the injection gate is closed. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Dept Engn Mech, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Advani, SG (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Dept Engn Mech, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM advani@me.udel.edu NR 23 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1359-835X J9 COMPOS PART A-APPL S JI Compos. Pt. A-Appl. Sci. Manuf. PY 2007 VL 38 IS 3 BP 802 EP 813 DI 10.1016/j.compositesa.2006.08.005 PG 12 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 138CJ UT WOS:000244340300016 ER PT J AU Boyd, SE Case, SW Lesko, JJ AF Boyd, Steven E. Case, Scott W. Lesko, John J. TI Compression creep rupture behavior of a glass/vinyl ester composite subject to isothermal and one-sided heat flux conditions SO COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article DE polymer-matrix composites (PMCs); creep; analytical modeling; fire ID POLYMER COMPOSITES; FIRE; TEMPERATURE; PREDICTION AB Given the expanding applications of polymer matrix composites to civil infrastructure, the marine industry, and the military, we examine the compression creep rupture behavior of a glass/vinyl ester composite subject to combined load and one sided heating simulating fire exposure. We focus on reversible non-linear viscoelastic effects which dominate delayed failure at lower temperatures in the vicinity of the glass transition temperature. A compression strength model which predicts local compression failure due to micro-buckling is extended to include viscoclasticity. Times to failure under combined mechanical load and one sided heating are estimated to within an order of magnitude. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, Mat Response Grp, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Boyd, SE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MC, 4600 Deer Creek Loop, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM steven.e.boyd@arl.army.mil; scase@vt.edu; jlesko@vt.edu RI Case, Scott/C-2637-2009; OI Case, Scott/0000-0002-4802-1228 NR 24 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1359-835X J9 COMPOS PART A-APPL S JI Compos. Pt. A-Appl. Sci. Manuf. PY 2007 VL 38 IS 6 BP 1462 EP 1472 DI 10.1016/j.compositesa.2007.01.006 PG 11 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 183FB UT WOS:000247557000003 ER PT J AU Henz, BJ Mohan, RN Shires, DR AF Henz, B. J. Mohan, R. N. Shires, D. R. TI A hybrid global-local approach for optimization of injection gate locations in liquid composite molding process simulations SO COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article DE process optimization; sensitivity analysis; genetic algorithms; liquid composite molding; process modeling and simulations ID SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; OPTIMAL-DESIGN; GENETIC ALGORITHMS; VENT LOCATIONS; EXTRUSION AB The optimization of injection gate locations in liquid composite molding processes by trial and error based methods is time consuming and requires an elevated level of intuition, even when high fidelity physics-based numerical models are available. Optimization based on continuous sensitivity equations (CSE) and gradient search algorithms focused towards minimizing the mold infusion time gives a robust approach that will converge to local optima based on the initial solution. Optimization via genetic algorithms (GA) utilizes natural selection as a means of finding the optimal solution in the global domain; the computed solution is at best, close to the global optimum with further refinement still possible. In this paper, we present a hybrid global-local search approach that combines evolutionary GAs with gradient-based searches via the CSE. The hybrid approach provides a global search with the GA for a predetermined amount of time and is subsequently further refined with a gradient-based search via the CSE. In our hybrid method, we utilize the efficiency of gradient searches combined with the robustness of the GA. The resulting combination has been demonstrated to provide better and more physically correct results than either method alone. The hybrid method provides optimal solutions more quickly than GA alone and more robustly than CSE based searches alone. A resin infusion quality parameter that measures the deviation from a near uniform mold volume infusion rate is defined. The effectiveness of the hybrid method with a modified objective function that includes both the infusion time and the defined mold infusion quality parameter is demonstrated. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Mohan, RN (reprint author), N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. EM rvmohan@ncat.edu NR 42 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1359-835X J9 COMPOS PART A-APPL S JI Compos. Pt. A-Appl. Sci. Manuf. PY 2007 VL 38 IS 8 BP 1932 EP 1946 DI 10.1016/j.compositesa.2007.03.005 PG 15 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 200QT UT WOS:000248778600012 ER PT J AU Karkkainen, RL Sankar, BV Tzeng, JT AF Karkkainen, Ryan L. Sankar, Bhavam V. Tzeng, Jerome T. TI Strength prediction of multi-layer plain weave textile composites using the direct micromechanics method SO COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE textile composites; strength; finite element analysis; micro-mechanics ID COMPRESSIVE RESPONSE; FAILURE; MODEL AB Previously developed micromechanical methods for stiffness and strength prediction are adapted for analysis of multi-layer plain weave textile composites. Utilizing the direct micromechanics method (DMM) via finite element modeling, three methods are presented: (a) direct simulation of a multi-layer plain weave textile composite; (b) micromechanical analysis of a single layer of interest from the force and moment resultants acting on that layer; and (c) application of the previously developed quadratic stress-gradient failure theory to the layer of interest. In comparison to direct modeling, the other two techniques show only 5% difference over a number of random test cases. Several practical design examples of strength prediction are included to illustrate the importance and accuracy of method implementation. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Ballist Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Karkkainen, RL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, POB 116250, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM rkarkkai@ufl.edu; sankar@ufl.edu; jtzeng@arl.army.mil OI Sankar, Bhavani/0000-0002-4556-1982 NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1359-8368 J9 COMPOS PART B-ENG JI Compos. Pt. B-Eng. PY 2007 VL 38 IS 7-8 BP 924 EP 932 DI 10.1016/j.compositesb.2006.07.021 PG 9 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 201NX UT WOS:000248840200013 ER PT S AU Sahu, J AF Sahu, J. BE Brebbia, CA Motta, AA TI Unsteady computational fluid dynamics modeling of free-flight projectile aerodynamics SO Computational Ballistics III SE WIT TRANSACTIONS ON MODELLING AND SIMULATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Computational Ballistics CY JUN 06-08, 2007 CL New Forest, ENGLAND SP Wessex Inst Technol, WIT Transact Modelling & Simulat DE unsteady CFD; projectile aerodynamics; couple CFD/RBD method; flight trajectory AB This paper describes a new multidisciplinary computational study undertaken to model the flight trajectories and the free-flight aerodynamics of both a finned projectile at supersonic velocities and a spinning projectile at subsonic speeds with and without aerodynamic flow-control. Actual flight trajectories are computed using an advanced coupled computational fluid dynamics (CFD)/rigid body dynamics (RBD) technique. An advanced time-accurate Navier-Stokes computational technique has been used in CFD to compute the unsteady aerodynamics associated with the free-flight of the finned projectile at supersonic speeds and the spinning projectile at subsonic speeds. Computed positions and orientations of the projectile have been compared with actual data measured from free-flight tests and are found to be generally in good agreement. Predicted aerodynamics forces and moments compare well with the forces and moments used in the six degree freedom fits of the results of the same tests. Unsteady numerical results obtained from the coupled method show the flow field, the aerodynamic forces and moments, and the flight trajectories of the projectile. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Sahu, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WIT PRESS/COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS PUBLICATIONS PI SOUTHAMPTON PA ASHURST LODGE, ASHURST, SOUTHAMPTON SO40 7AA, ENGLAND SN 1746-4064 BN 978-1-84564-077-4 J9 WIT TRANS MODEL SIM PY 2007 VL 45 BP 3 EP 12 DI 10.2495/CBAL070011 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Mechanics GA BGM22 UT WOS:000248325500001 ER PT S AU Scheffler, DR Walters, WP AF Scheffler, D. R. Walters, W. P. BE Brebbia, CA Motta, AA TI A method to increase the tip velocity of a shaped charge jet using a hollow cavity SO Computational Ballistics III SE WIT TRANSACTIONS ON MODELLING AND SIMULATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Computational Ballistics CY JUN 06-08, 2007 CL New Forest, ENGLAND SP Wessex Inst Technol, WIT Transact Modelling & Simulat DE shaped charge jet; wave shaper; numerical simulation; hydrocode; explosive; cavity AB A technique is presented to increase the tip velocity of a conventional shaped charge (SC) device by employing an air cavity wave shaper which overlaps the liner. Thus, the device is a combination of an SC and an air cavity charge. Two-dimensional, axisymmetric CTH simulations were used to design the warhead. CTH is a family of computer programs developed at Sandia National Laboratories for modeling solid dynamics problems involving shock-wave propagation, multiple materials, and large deformations in one, two, or three dimensions. The baseline case was a standard 7.5-cm-diameter liner. The liner is basically a 42 degrees copper, conical liner with a tip velocity of 8 km/s. The air cavity, which overlaps the liner, increases the tip velocity of the coherent portion of the liner to about 10 km/s, with hypervelocity jet particles traveling in front of the tip with a velocity of about 14 km/s. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Scheffler, DR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU WIT PRESS/COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS PUBLICATIONS PI SOUTHAMPTON PA ASHURST LODGE, ASHURST, SOUTHAMPTON SO40 7AA, ENGLAND SN 1746-4064 BN 978-1-84564-077-4 J9 WIT TRANS MODEL SIM PY 2007 VL 45 BP 99 EP 108 DI 10.2495/CBAL070091 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Mechanics GA BGM22 UT WOS:000248325500009 ER PT S AU Baker, EL Chin, C Fuchs, BE Pham, J AF Baker, E. L. Chin, C. Fuchs, B. E. Pham, J. BE Brebbia, CA Motta, AA TI Scalable parallel computation of explosively formed penetrators (EFPs) SO Computational Ballistics III SE WIT TRANSACTIONS ON MODELLING AND SIMULATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Computational Ballistics CY JUN 06-08, 2007 CL New Forest, ENGLAND SP Wessex Inst Technol, WIT Transact Modelling & Simulat DE explosively formed penetrator; scalable computing; parallel computing AB Under the DoD High Performance Computer Modernization Program, the ARDEC Energetics and Warheads Division has successfully developed and demonstrated scalable parallel warhead mechanics modeling of an advanced explosively formed penetrator (EFP) warhead device. Warhead development commonly uses advanced computer modeling which can take extreme amounts of computer time. The recent application of scalable parallel computers has demonstrated the capability to achieve approximately a 120 times speed-up of EFP warhead modeling. Speed-ups were demonstrated using modeling of a copper lined EFP anti-armor warhead using the PCTH computer program on a number of multiple processor computers including a 256 node IBM SP2, 128 node Silicon Graphics Origin 2000 and smaller multiple processor Silicon Graphics workstations. This pioneering work clearly demonstrates the feasibility of applying parallel computers for warheads development. C1 USA, Energet & Warheads Div, Picatinnyl, NJ 07806 USA. RP Baker, EL (reprint author), USA, Energet & Warheads Div, Picatinnyl, NJ 07806 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WIT PRESS/COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS PUBLICATIONS PI SOUTHAMPTON PA ASHURST LODGE, ASHURST, SOUTHAMPTON SO40 7AA, ENGLAND SN 1746-4064 BN 978-1-84564-077-4 J9 WIT TRANS MODEL SIM PY 2007 VL 45 BP 163 EP 170 DI 10.2495/CBAL070151 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Mechanics GA BGM22 UT WOS:000248325500015 ER PT S AU Gold, VM Baker, EL Pincay, JM AF Gold, V. M. Baker, E. L. Pincay, J. M. BE Brebbia, CA Motta, AA TI Computer simulated fragmentation arena test for assessing lethality and safety separation distances of explosive fragmentation ammunitions SO Computational Ballistics III SE WIT TRANSACTIONS ON MODELLING AND SIMULATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Computational Ballistics CY JUN 06-08, 2007 CL New Forest, ENGLAND SP Wessex Inst Technol, WIT Transact Modelling & Simulat DE fragmentation modelling; fragmentation arena test; lethality; safety separation distance AB A combined analytical and experimental technique for determining explosive fragmentation ammunition safe separation distance and lethality without costly arena fragmentation tests is presented. The new methodology integrates high-strain high-strain-rate computer modelling with semi-empirical analytical fragmentation modelling and experimentation, offering warhead designers and ammunition developers more ammunition performance information for less money spent. The new method provides more detailed and accurate warhead fragmentation data for ammunition safe separation distance analysis, as compared to the traditional fragmentation arena testing approach. C1 USA, RDEC ARDEC, AMSRD AAR AEE W, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Gold, VM (reprint author), USA, RDEC ARDEC, AMSRD AAR AEE W, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WIT PRESS/COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS PUBLICATIONS PI SOUTHAMPTON PA ASHURST LODGE, ASHURST, SOUTHAMPTON SO40 7AA, ENGLAND SN 1746-4064 BN 978-1-84564-077-4 J9 WIT TRANS MODEL SIM PY 2007 VL 45 BP 181 EP 190 DI 10.2495/CBAL070171 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Mechanics GA BGM22 UT WOS:000248325500017 ER PT S AU South, J Powers, B Minnicino, M AF South, J. Powers, B. Minnicino, M. BE Brebbia, CA Motta, AA TI Evaluations of computational techniques for the engraving of projectiles SO Computational Ballistics III SE WIT TRANSACTIONS ON MODELLING AND SIMULATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Computational Ballistics CY JUN 06-08, 2007 CL New Forest, ENGLAND SP Wessex Inst Technol, WIT Transact Modelling & Simulat DE engraving; projectile; hourglass AB This paper presents research on the evaluations of computational methods used to model the engraving of small caliber projectiles. The launch mechanics of a 5.56 mm projectile fired from a rifled barrel based on a M16A2 are examined in this study. The interaction between small caliber projectiles and rifled barrels is evaluated using finite element analysis (FEA) simulations utilizing the 3D explicit dynamic FEA LS-DYNA code. The calculations were performed to understand the interaction of the projectile during the initial portion of launch, where the projectile is subjected to the dynamic pressure from the combustion of the charge. The modeling parameters investigated include the order of element integration, the hourglass control scheme, and contact algorithms. The stress and strain state within both the projectile and the barrel are evaluated and compared to experimental data. The results show that a comparison of global hourglass energy to internal energy can lead to improper conclusions about the validity of the engraving model. The choice of the hourglass scheme and contact algorithm affects the hourglass energy and may affect the internal energy. This effort has led to increased insight into the behavior of the engraving process on small caliber projectiles and the numerical techniques necessary to reduce modeling difficulties. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP South, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU WIT PRESS/COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS PUBLICATIONS PI SOUTHAMPTON PA ASHURST LODGE, ASHURST, SOUTHAMPTON SO40 7AA, ENGLAND SN 1746-4064 BN 978-1-84564-077-4 J9 WIT TRANS MODEL SIM PY 2007 VL 45 BP 193 EP 202 DI 10.2495/CBAL070181 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Mechanics GA BGM22 UT WOS:000248325500018 ER PT S AU Schmidt, E Tzeng, J AF Schmidt, E. Tzeng, J. BE Brebbia, CA Motta, AA TI Long range electromagnetic cannon SO Computational Ballistics III SE WIT TRANSACTIONS ON MODELLING AND SIMULATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Computational Ballistics CY JUN 06-08, 2007 CL New Forest, ENGLAND SP Wessex Inst Technol, WIT Transact Modelling & Simulat DE electromagnetic launch; rail guns; hypervelocity flight; long range artillery AB Electromagnetic (EM) railguns offer the potential to fire projectiles at velocities up to 6 km/s. This could conceivably permit ballistic trajectories to reach very long ranges, perhaps 1000 kin or more. To deliver a payload of interest and survive the aerothermal environment associated with hypervelocity, sea level launch, the projectile would need to be quite large, 500-1000 Kg. This in turn implies a launcher of prodigious size and mass. This paper examines the nature of an electromagnetic cannon required to achieve such capabilities. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Schmidt, E (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WIT PRESS/COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS PUBLICATIONS PI SOUTHAMPTON PA ASHURST LODGE, ASHURST, SOUTHAMPTON SO40 7AA, ENGLAND SN 1746-4064 BN 978-1-84564-077-4 J9 WIT TRANS MODEL SIM PY 2007 VL 45 BP 203 EP 211 DI 10.2495/CBAL070191 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Mechanics GA BGM22 UT WOS:000248325500019 ER PT J AU Sathe, S Benney, R Charles, R Doucette, E Miletti, J Senga, M Stein, K Tezduyar, TE AF Sathe, S. Benney, R. Charles, R. Doucette, E. Miletti, J. Senga, M. Stein, K. Tezduyar, T. E. TI Fluid-structure interaction modeling of complex parachute designs with the space-time finite element techniques SO COMPUTERS & FLUIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress CY NOV 13-19, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP ASME ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; MOVING BOUNDARIES; STABILIZATION PARAMETERS; INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; COMPUTATION; FORMULATION; SIMULATION; INTERFACES; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB In recent years we introduced a number of enhancements to the space-time techniques we developed for computer modeling of Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) problems. These enhancements, which include more sophisticated fluid-structure coupling and improved mesh generation, are enabling us to address more of the computational challenges involved. Our objective here is to demonstrate the robustness of these techniques in FSI modeling of parachutes involving complex designs. As a numerical example, we have selected a conceptual parachute design with geometric complexities resembling those seen in some of the advanced parachute designs proposed and tested in recent times. We describe our FSI modeling techniques and how we compute the descent and glide performance of this conceptual parachute design. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. US Army Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Bethel Univ, Dept Phys, St Paul, MN 55112 USA. RP Sathe, S (reprint author), Rice Univ, MS 321,6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. EM sathe@rice.edu RI Tezduyar, Tayfun/F-6134-2012 OI Tezduyar, Tayfun/0000-0001-8707-3162 NR 38 TC 12 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-7930 J9 COMPUT FLUIDS JI Comput. Fluids PD JAN PY 2007 VL 36 IS 1 BP 127 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.compfluid.2005.07.010 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Mechanics GA 108OO UT WOS:000242249300012 ER PT S AU Cardello, AV AF Cardello, A. V. BE MacFie, H TI Measuring consumer expectations to improve food product development SO CONSUMER-LED FOOD PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LABELED MAGNITUDE SCALE; WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY; CM-PF COMPLEX; HEDONIC RATINGS; ATTITUDE-CHANGE; ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX; SWEETNESS INTENSITY; EXPERIENCED QUALITY; SENSORY PERCEPTION; BELIEF CONFIDENCE C1 USA, Natick Solider D&E Ctr R, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Cardello, AV (reprint author), USA, Natick Solider D&E Ctr R, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM armand.cardello@natick.army.mil NR 182 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 4 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-338-1 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2007 IS 144 BP 223 EP 261 DI 10.1533/9781845693381.2.223 D2 10.1201/9781439823903 PG 39 WC Business; Food Science & Technology SC Business & Economics; Food Science & Technology GA BST74 UT WOS:000285755700011 ER PT S AU McKenna, J Stein, S Stein, CA AF McKenna, Jason Stein, Seth Stein, Carol A. BE Stein, S Mazzotti, S TI Is the New Madrid seismic zone hotter and weaker than its surroundings? SO CONTINENTAL INTRAPLATE EARTHQUAKES: SCIENCE, HAZARD, AND POLICY ISSUES SE Geological Society of America Special Papers LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE New Madrid earthquakes; thermal structure of faults; intraplate earthquakes ID WAVE VELOCITY STRUCTURE; INTRAPLATE SEISMICITY; OCEANIC-CRUST; STRESS; FAULT; DEFORMATION; EARTHQUAKES; RATES AB A fundamental question about continental intraplate earthquakes is why they are where they are. For example, why are the New Madrid seismic zone earthquakes concentrated on the Reelfoot rift when the continent contains many fossil structures that would seem equally likely candidates for concentrated seismicity? A key to answering this question is understanding of the thermal-mechanical structure of the seismic zone. If it is hotter and thus weaker than surrounding regions, it is likely to be a long-lived weak zone on which intraplate strain release concentrates. Alternatively, if it is not significantly hotter and weaker than its surroundings, the seismicity is likely to be a transient phenomenon that migrates among many similar fossil weak zones. These different models have important implications for the mechanics of the seismic zone, stress evolution after and between large earthquakes, and seismic hazard assessment. The sparse heat-flow data in the new Madrid area can be interpreted as supporting either hypothesis. There is a possible small elevation of heat flow in the area compared to its surroundings, depending on the New Madrid and regional averages chosen. The inferred high heat flow has been interpreted as indicating that the crust and upper mantle are significantly hotter and thus significantly weaker than surrounding areas of the central and eastern United States. In this model, the weak lower crust and mantle concentrates stress and seismicity in the upper crust. However, reanalysis of the heat flow indicates that the anomaly is either absent or much smaller (3 +/- 23 rather than mW m(-2)) than assumed in the previous analyses, leading to much smaller (similar to 90%) temperature anomalies and essentially the same lithospheric strength. Moreover, if a small heat-flow anomaly exists, it may result from groundwater flow in the rift's fractured upper crust, rather than higher temperatures. The latter interpretation seems more consistent with studies that find low seismic velocities only in parts of the seismic zone and at shallow depths. Hence, although the question cannot be resolved without additional heat-flow data, we find no compelling case for assuming that the New Madrid seismic zone is significantly hotter and weaker than its surroundings. This result is consistent with migrating seismicity and the further possibility that the New Madrid seismic zone is shutting down, which is suggested by the small or zero motion observed geodetically. If so, the present seismicity are aftershocks of the large earthquakes of 1811 and 1812, and such large earthquakes will not recur there for a very long time. C1 [McKenna, Jason] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Stein, Seth] Northwestern Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Stein, Carol A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP McKenna, J (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM seth@earth.northwestern.edu; seth@earth.northwestern.edu NR 26 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER INC PI BOULDER PA 3300 PENROSE PL, PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301 USA SN 0072-1077 BN 978-0-8137-2425-6 J9 GEOL SOC AM SPEC PAP PY 2007 VL 425 BP 167 EP 175 DI 10.1130/2007.2425(12) PG 9 WC Geology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA BMO44 UT WOS:000273098500013 ER PT J AU Barnes, SD Dohlman, CH Durand, ML AF Barnes, Scott D. Dohlman, Claes H. Durand, Marlene L. TI Fungal colonization and infection in Boston keratoprosthesis SO CORNEA LA English DT Article DE keratoprosthesis; endophthalmitis; fungal colonization; vancomycin; Candida ID CANDIDA-PARAPSILOSIS; CONJUNCTIVAL SAC; HEALTHY; FLORA; FREQUENCY; SURFACE; EYES AB Purpose: To determine the incidence of and risk factors for fungal keratitis and endophthalmitis in patients with a Boston keratoprosthesis (KPro) and to determine whether surveillance cultures were helpful in predicting fungal infection. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of 182 patients (202 eyes) who received a type 1 (through cornea) or type 2 (through cornea and lid) KPro between March 1, 1990, and December 31, 2004, and who were followed for at least 1 month (range, 1 month to 13 years; mean, 2.84 years). There were 148 eyes with type 1 and 54 eyes with type 2. Beginning in late 1999, many eyes were given a prophylactic topical regimen containing vancomycin, and many eyes with type 1 KPro were given therapeutic contact lenses. Cases of fungal keratitis or endophthalmitis were analyzed. To determine the fungal colonization rate, 70 surveillance cultures of the ocular or lid surface around the KPro optic were obtained of 36 uninfected KPro eyes (35 patients) at random time-points over 1 year (August 2002 to July 2003). Results: There were 4 definite and 1 probable fungal infections in 6893 patient-months of follow-up, or 0.009 fungal infections per patient-year. These included 3 cases of definite or probable Candida endophthalmitis (C. parapsilosis, C. glabrata, and C. albicans) and 2 cases of mold keratitis (Alternaria, Fusarium). The rate was higher in eyes receiving a vancomycin-containing topical prophylactic regimen than those with on a non-vancomycin regimen (5 cases/2774 person-months vs. 0 cases/4119 person-months; P = 0.011). In eyes with type 1 KPro, the rate was higher with therapeutic contact lens wear than without (4/1682 vs. 0/3115 person-months; P = 0.015). Surveillance cultures did not predict fungal infection, and none of the 6 surveillance eyes colonized with fungi (all Candida) developed a fungal infection. The prevalence of fungal colonization in KPro eyes had not changed since our 1996 surveillance study (11% vs. 10%, P > 0.05). Conclusion: Fungal infections in KPro eyes have appeared since we introduced broad-spectrum antibiotic prophylaxis and therapeutic contact lenses 5 years ago, but the infection rate remains very low in our mostly New England-based patient population. Cleaning or replacing the contact lens on a regular basis and prescribing a short course of topical amphotericin at the first visible signs of fungal colonization may prevent these infections. C1 Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirm, Sch Med, Cornea Serv, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Schepens Eye Res Inst, Boston, MA USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Dohlman, CH (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirm, Sch Med, Cornea Serv, 243 Charles St, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM claes_dohlman@meei.harvard.edu NR 23 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0277-3740 J9 CORNEA JI Cornea PD JAN PY 2007 VL 26 IS 1 BP 9 EP 15 DI 10.1097/01.ico.0000224650.19837.25 PG 7 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 122TL UT WOS:000243249700003 PM 17198007 ER PT J AU Niblock, T AF Niblock, Trevor TI Optimizing sensors, systems and performance SO CORROSION REVIEWS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st World Conference on Corrosion in the Military CY JUN 06-08, 2005 CL Sorrento, ITALY DE MEMS; strain; pitting; corrosion C1 Analatom Inc, Sunnyvale, CA 94080 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Niblock, T (reprint author), Analatom Inc, 562 Weddell Dr,Suite 4, Sunnyvale, CA 94080 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU FREUND PUBLISHING HOUSE LTD PI TEL AVIV PA PO BOX 35010, TEL AVIV 61350, ISRAEL SN 0334-6005 J9 CORROS REV JI Corros. Rev. PY 2007 VL 25 IS 1-2 BP 195 EP 212 PG 18 WC Electrochemistry; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA 147RE UT WOS:000245019300013 ER PT J AU Vangerow, B Shorr, AF Wyncoll, D Janes, J Nelson, DR Reinhart, K AF Vangerow, Burkhard Shorr, Andrew F. Wyncoll, Duncan Janes, Jonathan Nelson, David R. Reinhart, Konrad TI The protein C pathway: implications for the design of the RESPOND study SO CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Review ID DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION; SEVERE SEPSIS; SEPTIC SHOCK; C4B-BINDING PROTEIN; PURPURA FULMINANS; SEVERE INFECTION; DEFICIENCY; CHILDREN; RISK; ANTITHROMBIN AB The predictive value of plasma protein C level in sepsis has been demonstrated in a number of studies in which depressed protein C levels were associated with increased likelihood of negative outcome. Data from the PROWESS ( Recombinant Human Activated Protein C Worldwide Evaluation in Severe Sepsis) trial indicate that administration of drotrecogin alfa ( activated; DrotAA) leads to an increase in endogenous protein C levels in severe sepsis patients. In a group as heterogeneous as sepsis patients, the currently approved dose and duration of administration ( 24 mu g/kg per hour for 96 hours) might not be optimal in some individuals. The RESPOND ( Research Evaluating Serial Protein C levels in severe sepsis patients ON Drotrecogin alfa [ activated]) trial is a phase II study being conducted to explore the use of endogenous protein C level as both a biomarker and a steering parameter for administration of DrotAA. Eligible patients will receive DrotAA either at the normal, currently approved dose and duration of administration ('standard therapy') or at a higher dose with variable infusion duration or variable infusion duration only ('alternative therapy'). The duration of DrotAA infusion in the alternative therapy arm depends on the individual response in terms of sustained increase in endogenous protein C. The ultimate aims of this and potential following studies are as follows: to establish serial plasma protein C measurement as a biomarker that will aid in the identification of severe sepsis patients who are most likely to benefit from DrotAA therapy, to enable adjustment of DrotAA therapy in individual patients ( specifically, the possibility to use a higher dose and to adjust the infusion duration), and to provide guidance to the clinician regarding whether the patient is responding to DrotAA. C1 [Vangerow, Burkhard] Eli Lilly Crit Care Europe, Air Ctr, CH-1214 Geneva, Switzerland. [Shorr, Andrew F.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Wyncoll, Duncan] Guys & St Thomas Fdn Trust, Adult Intens Care Unit, London SE1 7EH, England. [Janes, Jonathan] Eli Lilly & Co, Windlesham GU20 6PH, Surrey, England. [Nelson, David R.] Eli Lilly & Co, Lilly Res Labs, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA. [Reinhart, Konrad] Univ Jena, Clin Anaesthesiol & Intens Care Med, D-07747 Jena, Germany. RP Vangerow, B (reprint author), Eli Lilly Crit Care Europe, Air Ctr, CH-1214 Geneva, Switzerland. EM vangerow_burkhard@lilly.com NR 31 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1466-609X J9 CRIT CARE JI Crit. Care PY 2007 VL 11 SU 5 AR S4 DI 10.1186/cc6155 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 264OM UT WOS:000253297700004 PM 18269691 ER PT J AU Smith, LA Rusnak, JM AF Smith, Leonard A. Rusnak, Janice M. TI Botulinum neurotoxin vaccines: Past, present, and future SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE botulism; botulinum neurotoxin; pentavalent botulinum toxoid; recombinant subunit vaccine; fragment C ID HIGH-LEVEL EXPRESSION; YEAST PICHIA-PASTORIS; CHAIN FRAGMENT C; FOREIGN GENE-EXPRESSION; TETANUS TOXIN; METHYLOTROPHIC YEAST; CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IMMUNE-RESPONSE AB In the early 1930s, a formalin-inactivated toxoid against botulinum neurotoxin was first tested in humans. In 1965, a pentavalent botulinum toxoid (PBT) received Investigational New Drug (IND) status under the Centers for Disease Control's IND 161 (for at-risk workers), and in 1991 under the United States Army's Office of the Surgeon General IND 3723 (for military deployment). This PBT vaccine has been shown to be safe, with over 20,000 injections given to date, and continues to be used in at-risk individuals. During the past decade, recombinant DNA technology has been employed to develop second-generation vaccines to prevent botulism. Recombinant subunit vaccines utilizing the receptor-binding domains of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) have been shown to be safe and efficacious in protecting animal models against BoNT serotypes A, B, C-1, D, E, and F. In 2004, the first recombinant subunit vaccine [rBV A/B (Pichia pastoris) vaccine] was tested in humans during a phase I clinical trial. Results from that study demonstrated that the recombinant bivalent vaccine was safe and well tolerated at all dosage levels tested and stimulated serotype-specific neutralizing antibodies among the majority of vaccine recipients. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Integrated Toxicol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Special Immunizat Program, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Smith, LA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Integrated Toxicol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Leonard.Smith@amedd.army.mil NR 53 TC 54 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 5 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI REDDING PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA SN 1040-8401 J9 CRIT REV IMMUNOL JI Crit. Rev. Immunol. PY 2007 VL 27 IS 4 BP 303 EP 318 PG 16 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 231SL UT WOS:000250969200002 PM 18197811 ER PT J AU Bergmann-Leitner, E AF Bergmann-Leitner, E. TI Editorial: Novel targets for cancer therapy SO CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Bergmann-Leitner, E (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RI Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/B-3548-2011 OI Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/0000-0002-8571-8956 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1381-6128 J9 CURR PHARM DESIGN JI Curr. Pharm. Design PY 2007 VL 13 IS 5 BP 445 EP 446 DI 10.2174/138161207780162881 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 150FM UT WOS:000245201000001 ER PT J AU Bergmann-Leitner, E AF Bergmann-Leitner, E. TI Anti-cancer-drugs SO CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Bergmann-Leitner, E.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Bergmann-Leitner, E (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/B-3548-2011 OI Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/0000-0002-8571-8956 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1381-6128 J9 CURR PHARM DESIGN JI Curr. Pharm. Design PY 2007 VL 13 IS 33 BP 3357 EP 3357 DI 10.2174/138161207782360564 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 239VU UT WOS:000251547200001 ER PT J AU Isidore, MA Castagna, MP Steele, KE Gordon, RK Nambiar, MP AF Isidore, Myriane A. Castagna, Michael P. Steele, Keith E. Gordon, Richard K. Nambiar, Madhusoodana P. TI A dorsal model for cutaneous vesicant injury by 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide using C57BL/6 mice SO CUTANEOUS AND OCULAR TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide; blistering agents; cutaneous injury; chemical warfare agent; mice; sulfur mustard; skin; vesicants ID CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENT; LIQUID SULFUR MUSTARD; HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURES; WEANLING PIGS; MOUSE SKIN; LESIONS; EXPOSURE; EAR; CYTOKINE; BURNS AB To evaluate stem cell-derived therapeutics for cutaneous vesicant injuries, we developed a dorsal exposure model using C57BL/6 black mice and half-mustard, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide ( CEES). The dorsal side of a mouse was exposed to 1-5 mu l of CEES for 10 minutes and then decontaminated. The data demonstrate that 3 mu l of CEES induced edema and erythema that peaked 24 h post exposure. Histopathology showed a central area of deep injury characterized by severe necrosis of epidermis and dermis. The C57BL/6 is a unique model that can be used to unravel the molecular mechanism of injury, identify the effects of black skin pigmentation, and evaluate the efficacy of stem cell therapeutics for cutaneous vesicant exposure. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunohistochem, Div Pathol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Nambiar, MP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Madhusoodana.nambiar@na.amedd.army.mil NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1556-9527 J9 CUTAN OCUL TOXICOL JI Cutan. Ocul. Toxicol. PY 2007 VL 26 IS 3 BP 265 EP 276 DI 10.1080/15569520701521914 PG 12 WC Ophthalmology; Toxicology SC Ophthalmology; Toxicology GA 205QD UT WOS:000249128800010 PM 17687691 ER PT J AU Xia, Y Marquart, JD Krivda, SJ AF Xia, Yang Marquart, Jason D. Krivda, Stephen J. TI Photo quiz - What is your diagnosis? Porokeratosis of Mibelli SO CUTIS LA English DT Editorial Material ID SUPERFICIAL ACTINIC POROKERATOSIS; CHROMOSOMAL INSTABILITY; SKIN C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Xia, Y (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI PARSIPPANY PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JAN PY 2007 VL 79 IS 1 BP 22 EP + PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 128UC UT WOS:000243683300002 PM 17330617 ER PT J AU Johnson, RP Xia, Y Cho, SH Burroughs, RF Krivda, SJ AF Johnson, Ryan P. Xia, Yang Cho, Sunghun Burroughs, Richard F. Krivda, Stephen J. TI Mycobacterium marinum infection: A case report and review of the literature SO CUTIS LA English DT Review ID VIRULENCE; ARTHRITIS; EXPOSURE; FISH; GENE AB Mycobacterium marinum is a nontuberculous mycobacteria that is often acquired via contact with contaminated salt or fresh water. We present a case of a 67-year-old man who developed several solitary nontender nodules on his hands and forearm after working on the underside of his boat. In addition, we provide a review of the literature and discuss how this infection is acquired, the underlying pathogenesis, the cutaneous and histologic findings, the differential diagnosis, the diagnostic methods, and the various treatment options. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Johnson, RP (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI PARSIPPANY PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JAN PY 2007 VL 79 IS 1 BP 33 EP 36 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 128UC UT WOS:000243683300004 PM 17330619 ER PT S AU Coleman, N Tirabassi, B MacKenzie, D AF Coleman, Norm Tirabassi, Ben MacKenzie, Doug BE Suresh, R TI Agent based multi-platform control, collaboration and target hand-off - art. no. 657810 SO Defense Transformation and Net-Centric Systems 2007 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Defense Transformation and Net-Centric Systems CY APR 09-12, 2007 CL Orlando, FL DE unmanned vehicle systems; target hand-off; agent collaboration; multi-platform controller; target tracking and path prediction AB Deploying a world wide force that is strategically responsive and dominant at every point on the spectrum of conflict involves the cooperative system development and use of advanced technologies that yield revolutionary capabilities to support the war-fighters needs. This research describes an agent based control architecture and prototype implementation developed by Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC) that enables command and control of multiple unmanned platforms and associated mission packages for collaborative target hand-off/engagement. Current prototypes provide the ability to remotely locate, track and predict the movement of enemy targets on the battlefield using a variety of sensor systems hosted on multiple, non-homogeneous SUAVs and UGVs. C1 USA, Armament Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Coleman, N (reprint author), USA, Armament Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6700-3 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6578 BP 57810 EP 57810 AR 657810 DI 10.1117/12.723296 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BGJ63 UT WOS:000247648100031 ER PT S AU Luu, BB Hardy, RL AF Luu, Brian B. Hardy, Rommie L. BE Suresh, R TI Throughput of 802.11g wireless devices in ad hoc mode - art. no. 65780O SO Defense Transformation and Net-Centric Systems 2007 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Defense Transformation and Net-Centric Systems CY APR 09-12, 2007 CL Orlando, FL DE throughput; 802.11 g; wireless NIC; wireless ad hoc; signal amplification; buffer size AB The U.S. Army Research Laboratory has used IEEE 802.11 g standard wireless LANs for implementation in mobile ad hoc networks (MANET). One common problem with the use of 802.11 g wireless devices is maintaining a high operational throughput over distances. In this paper, we assess the throughput performance of four 802.11g wireless network interface cards (NIC) performing in ad-hoc mode and an outdoor environment. This assessment was based on characteristics of NICs, such as chipset, signal amplification, and antenna diversity over various operating distances. The assessment showed that antenna diversity for outdoor environment has no throughput improvement, and amplification did not always improve data rates. The wireless communication with small buffer size minimizes fluctuation of throughput date rate over large range of distances. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Luu, BB (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6700-3 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6578 BP O5780 EP O5780 AR 65780O DI 10.1117/12.719730 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BGJ63 UT WOS:000247648100021 ER PT S AU Bishop, S Vignola, J Judge, J Tsopelas, P Kurdila, A AF Bishop, S. Vignola, J. Judge, J. Tsopelas, P. Kurdila, A. BE Harmon, RS Broach, JT Holloway, JH TI Direct mechanical landmine excitation with scanning laser Doppler vibrometer surface measurements - art. no. 655304 SO Detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets XII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets XII CY APR 11-12, 2007 CL Orlando, FL DE landmine; detection; direct mechanical excitation; laser Doppler vibrometer; piezoelectric actuator AB Remote acoustic or seismic forms of excitation for laser Doppler vibration landmine detection are low false alarm rate detection strategies. A more recent approach now under investigation includes a direct mechanical excitation through a prodder or probe. In this research, we report on simple laboratory measurements of the VS-1.6 landmine undergoing direct mechanical excitation from a modified prodder while measuring the landmine's pressure plate vibrational response with a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer. The direct mechanical excitation mechanism, located near the prodding end of a rod, consists of a miniature piezoelectric stack actuator. We additionally compare direct excitation to both acoustic and seismic methods in a large sandbox filled with dry sand. We show that for the landmine buried almost flush, direct contact mechanical excitation compares favorably to both seismic and acoustic excitation responses for the (0,1) mode of the pressure plate. We also observe additional features not previously seen in either seismic or acoustic excitation. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Bishop, S (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RI Judge, John/D-1429-2015 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6675-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6553 BP 55304 EP 55304 AR 655304 DI 10.1117/12.721512 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGJ54 UT WOS:000247632500002 ER PT S AU Trang, A Agarwal, S Regalia, P Broach, T Smith, T AF Trang, Anh Agarwal, Sanjeev Regalia, Phillip Broach, Thomas Smith, Thomas BE Harmon, RS Broach, JT Holloway, JH TI A patterned and un-patterned minefield detection in cluttered environments using Markov marked point process - art. no. 655313 SO Detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets XII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets XII CY APR 11-12, 2007 CL Orlando, FL DE mine detection; minefield detection; false alarm mitigation; belief propagation; Markov marked point process; spatial point process; clustering ID MINE DETECTION; ALGORITHMS AB A typical minefield detection approach is based on a sequential processing employing mine detection and false alarm rejection followed by minefield detection. The current approach does not work robustly under different backgrounds and environment conditions because target signature changes with time and its performance degrades in the presence of high density of false alarms. The aim of this research will be to advance the state of the art in detection of both patterned and unpatterned minefield in high clutter environments. The proposed method seeks to combine false alarm rejection module and the minefield detection module of the current architecture by spatial-spectral clustering and inference module using a Markov Marked Point Process formulation. The approach simultaneously exploits the feature characteristics of the target signature and spatial distribution of the targets in the interrogation region. The method is based on the premise that most minefields can be characterized by some type of distinctive spatial distribution of "similar" looking mine targets. The minefield detection problem is formulated as a Markov Marked Point Process (MMPP) where the set of possible mine targets is divided into a possibly overlapping mixture of targets. The likelihood of the minefield depends simultaneously on feature characteristics of the target and their spatial distribution. A framework using "Belief Propagation" is developed to solve the minefield inference problem based on MMPP. Preliminary investigation using simulated data shows the efficacy of the approach. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Trang, A (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6675-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6553 BP 55313 EP 55313 AR 655313 DI 10.1117/12.721368 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGJ54 UT WOS:000247632500027 ER PT S AU Ngan, P Burke, S Cresci, R Wilson, JN Gader, P Ho, KC Bartosz, E Duvoisin, H AF Ngan, Peter Burke, Sean Cresci, Roger Wilson, Joseph N. Gader, Paul Ho, K. C. Bartosz, Elizabeth Duvoisin, Herbert BE Harmon, RS Broach, JT Holloway, JH TI Development of region processing algorithm for HSTAMIDS: Status and field test results - art. no. 65532D SO Detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets XII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets XII CY APR 11-12, 2007 CL Orlando, FL DE hand-held detector; landmine detection; ground penetrating radar; metal detector AB The Region Processing Algorithm (RPA) has been developed by the Office of the Army Humanitarian Demining Research and Development (HD R&D) Program as part of improvements for the AN/PSS-14. The effort was a collaboration between the HD R&D Program, L-3 Communication CyTerra Corporation(1), University of Florida, Duke University and University of Missouri. RPA has been integrated into and implemented in a real-time AN/PSS-14. The subject unit was used to collect data and tested for its performance at three Army test sites within the United States of America. This paper describes the status of the technology and its recent test results. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Ngan, P (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6675-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6553 BP D5532 EP D5532 AR 65532D DI 10.1117/12.723756 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGJ54 UT WOS:000247632500068 ER PT S AU Nguyen, L Wong, D Ressler, M Koenig, F Stanton, B Smith, G Sichina, J Kappra, K AF Nguyen, Lam Wong, David Ressler, Marc Koenig, Francois Stanton, Brian Smith, Gregory Sichina, Jeffrey Kappra, Karl BE Harmon, RS Broach, JT Holloway, JH TI Obstacle avoidance and concealed target detection using the army research lab ultra-wideband synchronous impulse reconstruction (UWB SIRE) forward imaging radar SO DETECTION AND REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR MINES AND MINELIKE TARGETS XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets XII CY APR 11-12, 2007 CL Orlando, FL DE synthetic aperture radar (SAR); ultra-wideband radar (UWB); forward looking radar AB The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL), as part of a mission and customer funded exploratory program, has developed a new low-frequency, ultra-wideband (UWB) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for forward imaging to support the Army's vision of an autonomous navigation system for robotic ground vehicles. These unmanned vehicles, equipped with an array of imaging sensors, will be tasked to help detect man-made obstacles such as concealed targets, enemy minefields, and booby traps, as well as other natural obstacles such as ditches, and bodies of water. The ability of UWB radar technology to help detect concealed objects has been documented in the past and could provide an important obstacle avoidance capability for autonomous navigation systems, which would improve the speed and maneuverability of these vehicles and consequently increase the survivability of the U. S. forces on the battlefield. One of the primary features of the radar is the ability to collect and process data at combat pace in an affordable, compact, and lightweight package. To achieve this, the radar is based on the synchronous impulse reconstruction (SIRE) technique where several relatively slow and inexpensive analog-to-digital (A/D) converters are used to sample the wide bandwidth of the radar signals. We conducted an experiment this winter at Aberdeen Proving Ground (APG) to support the phenomenological studies of the backscatter from positive and negative obstacles for autonomous robotic vehicle navigation, as well as the detection of concealed targets of interest to the Army. In this paper, we briefly describe the UWB SIRE radar and the test setup in the experiment. We will also describe the signal processing and the forward imaging techniques used in the experiment. Finally, we will present imagery of man-made obstacles such as barriers, concertina wires, and mines. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE RU, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Nguyen, L (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE RU, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6675-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2007 VL 6553 AR 65530H DI 10.1117/12.719313 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGJ54 UT WOS:000247632500011 ER PT S AU Ranney, K AF Ranney, Kenneth BE Harmon, RS Broach, JT Holloway, JH TI Landmine-detection prescreeners based on feature-level fusion of SAR and HSI data SO DETECTION AND REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR MINES AND MINELIKE TARGETS XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets XII CY APR 11-12, 2007 CL Orlando, FL ID SIGNAL SUBSPACE; SENSOR FUSION; CLASSIFICATION AB Many automatic target detection (ATD) algorithm suites include a prescreener as an initial link in their processing chains. It assists the downstream algorithms by eliminating many potential false alarms while still retaining a large percentage of the objects of interest, thereby allowing for greater specialization by the downstream algorithms. Many such prescreeners have been implemented for individual sensors-for example the constant false alarm rate detectors of radar systems or the RX (Reed-Xiaoli) detection algorithms of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) systems. In this paper we examine straightforward methods for fusing the outputs from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and HSI prescreeners to create a multi-sensor prescreening algorithm. We begin by examining the sensor phenomenology for a specific operational scenario, and we incorporate this phenomenological information into both the individual sensor prescreener designs and the final fusion algorithm design. We describe how the SAR and HSI prescreener detects are associated with one another prior to fusion. Finally, we describe multiple fusion methodologies-namely a method based on the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence and a method based on a Bayesian approach under an assumption of independence. We compare results from each fusion algorithm with those obtained using a single sensor. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ranney, K (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6675-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2007 VL 6553 AR 65531Z DI 10.1117/12.720742 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGJ54 UT WOS:000247632500055 ER PT J AU Plott, E Jones, D McDermott, D Levoyer, T AF Plott, E. Jones, D. McDermott, D. Levoyer, T. TI A state-of-the-art review of esophageal trauma: where do we stand? SO DISEASES OF THE ESOPHAGUS LA English DT Review DE Boerhaave's; endoscopy; esophageal rupture; esophageal trauma; esophagus ID PENETRATING NECK TRAUMA; RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION; GUNSHOT WOUNDS; PERFORATION; MANAGEMENT; COMPLICATIONS; INJURIES; ENDOSCOPY; ASSOCIATION; DIAGNOSIS AB The esophagus provides a diagnostic and therapeutic pathway not only for gastroenterologists but for surgeons, radiologists, cardiologists, and other specialists. Unfortunately, this procedural traffic occasionally leads to iatrogenic injury. As well, though reasonably well protected anatomically, frank esophageal injuries due to non-iatrogenic causes are not uncommon. We present a review of the literature on this subject covering anatomy, etiology, diagnostics, therapeutics, and management generally. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Lackland AFB, TX USA. RP Jones, D (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM david.jones4@amedd.army.mil NR 65 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1120-8694 J9 DIS ESOPHAGUS JI Dis. Esophagus PY 2007 VL 20 IS 4 BP 279 EP 289 DI 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2007.00714.x PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 186ZP UT WOS:000247817400001 PM 17617875 ER PT S AU Temme, LA AF Temme, Leonard A. BE Thomas, JT Malloy, A TI Linear perspective limitations on virtual reality & realistic displays - art. no. 65580K SO Display Technologies and Applications for Defense, Security, and Avionics SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Display Technologies and Applications for Defense Applications For Defense, Security, and Avionics CY APR 12, 2007 CL Orlando, FL AB The visual images of the natural world, with their immediate intuitive appeal, seem like the logical gold standard for evaluating displays. After all, since photorealistic displays look so increasingly like the real world, what could be better? Part of the shortcoming of this intuitive appeal for displays is its naivete. Realism itself is full of potential illusions that we do not notice because, most of the time, realism is good enough for our everyday tasks. But when confronted with tasks that go beyond those for which our visual system has evolved, we may be blindsided. If we survive, blind to our erroneous perceptions and oblivious to our good fortune at having survived, we will not be any wiser next time. Realist displays depend on linear perspective (LP), the mathematical mapping of three dimensions onto two. Despite the fact that LP is a seductively elegant system that predicts results with defined mathematical procedures, artists do not stick to the procedures, not because they are math-phobic but because LP procedures, if followed explicitly, produce ugly, limited, and distorted images. If artists bother with formal LP procedures at all, they invariably temper the renderings by eye. The present paper discusses LP assumptions, limitations, and distortions. It provides examples of kluges to cover some of these LP shortcomings. It is important to consider the limitations of LP so that we do not let either naive assumptions or the seductive power of LP guide our thinking or expectations unrealistically as we consider its possible uses in advanced visual displays. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP Temme, LA (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6680-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6558 BP K5580 EP K5580 AR 65580K DI 10.1117/12.718937 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BGL52 UT WOS:000248200200016 ER PT B AU Sobiesk, E Gini, M Marin, JA AF Sobiesk, Edward Gini, Maria Marin, John A. BE Alami, R Chatila, R Asama, H TI Using group knowledge for multitarget terrain-based state estimation SO DISTRIBUTED AUTONOMOUS ROBOTIC SYSTEMS 6 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Distributed Autonomous Robotic Systems (DARS 2004) CY JUN 23-25, 2004 CL Toulouse, FRANCE SP LAAS, CNRS AB Multitarget terrain-based tracking is a cyclic process that combines sensor information with state estimation and data association techniques to maintain an estimate of the state of an environment in which ground-based vehicles are operating. When the ground-based vehicles are military vehicles moving across terrain, most of them will being moving in groups instead of autonomously. This work presents a methodology that has been demonstrated to improve the estimation aspect of the tracking process for this military domain. A clustering algorithm identifies groups within a vehicular data set. Group characteristics are extracted and then a new, innovative technique is utilized to integrate these into the individual vehicles' state estimation process. A series of experiments shows that the proposed methodology significantly improves the performance of three classic estimation algorithms for multitarget terrain-based tracking. C1 [Sobiesk, Edward] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Gini, Maria] Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Marin, John A.] BBN Technol, Columbia 21046, MD USA. RP Sobiesk, E (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM edward.sobies@us.army.mil; gini@cs.umn.edu; jamarin@bbn.com NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-4-431-35869-5 PY 2007 BP 117 EP + DI 10.1007/978-4-431-35873-2_12 PG 2 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA BGO12 UT WOS:000248910000012 ER PT B AU Chiang, CYJ Levin, G Gottlieb, YM Chadha, R Li, S Poylisher, A Newman, S Lo, R AF Chiang, Cho-Yu J. Levin, Gary Gottlieb, Yitzchak M. Chadha, Ritu Li, Shihwei Poylisher, Alex Newman, Scott Lo, Richard GP IEEE Comp Soc TI On automated policy generation for mobile ad hoc networks SO EIGHTH IEEE INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON POLICIES FOR DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS - PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th IEEE International Workshop on Policies for Distributed Systems and Networks CY JUN 13-15, 2007 CL Bologna, ITALY SP IEEE, EMANICS, IEEE Comp Soc, CPS AB In this paper we describe an approach to the problem of automated policy generation for mobile ad hoc networks. The automated policy generation problem is difficult in its own right. It becomes even more challenging when the context environment to consider is a mobile ad hoc network. We have designed an optimization-based, utility-driven approach aimed at generating optimal policies with respect to the given network objectives. The main novelty of this approach is in the combination of optimization heuristics and network simulation to solve the problem. We describe this approach, present the software architecture of our implementation, and illustrate the approach with a case study on automated generation of DiffServ-based QoS policies for a 50-node mobile ad hoc network. C1 [Chiang, Cho-Yu J.; Levin, Gary; Gottlieb, Yitzchak M.; Chadha, Ritu; Li, Shihwei; Poylisher, Alex] Telcordia Technol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Newman, Scott; Lo, Richard] US Army, CERDEC, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Chiang, CYJ (reprint author), Telcordia Technol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM chiang@research.telcordia.com; glevin@research.telcordia.com; zuki@research.telcordia.com; chadha@research.telcordia.com; sli@research.telcordia.com; sher@research.telcordia.com; Scott.Newman@us.army.mil; Richard.Lo@us.army.mil FU U.S. Army PM FCS (BCT) Technologies FX We would like to thank U.S. Army PM FCS (BCT) Technologies for their support of this study. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 978-0-7695-2767-3 PY 2007 BP 256 EP + DI 10.1109/POLICY.2007.28 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BGL75 UT WOS:000248228900033 ER PT B AU Sebuktekin, I Yoon, B Kim, B Ranade, A Kwon, TJ Pang, M Stephens, W Bereschinsky, M Graff, C Muzzelo, L Acriche, M Staikos, A Foresta, B Chen, D AF Sebuktekin, I. Yoon, B. Kim, B. Ranade, A. Kwon, T. J. Pang, M. Stephens, W. Bereschinsky, M. Graff, C. Muzzelo, L. Acriche, M. Staikos, A. Foresta, B. Chen, D. GP IEEE TI DiffServ QoS and OLSR MANET outdoor demonstration SO EIGHTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON AUTONOMOUS DECENTRALIZED SYSTEMS, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Symposium on Autonomous Decentralized Systems CY MAR 21-23, 2007 CL Sedona, AZ SP IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE, CPS AB The CECOM MOSAIC ATD(1) encompasses an integrated set of diverse technologies to demonstrate rapidly deployable, secure, robust, assured-QoS communications among mobile ad hoc nodes. The Assured IP QoS technology solution integrates DiffServ based QoS resource management with centralized admission control over a dynamic tactical network environment. We describe an outdoor demonstration of our QoS technology prototype over an on-the-move MANET running OLSR. This demonstration does not include IP mobility support, however provides an alternate route between the ad hoc nodes through the use of two distinct wireless networks. The demonstration exhibits route changes between single and multiple IP hops as the nodes drive, and shows handoff between wireless networks as they move out of range of one radio network to the other. We summarize our observations and empirical performance results for real-time traffic. C1 [Sebuktekin, I.; Yoon, B.; Kim, B.; Ranade, A.; Kwon, T. J.; Pang, M.; Stephens, W.] Telcordia Technologies, One Telcordia Dr, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Bereschinsky, M.; Graff, C.; Muzzelo, L.; Acriche, M.; Staikos, A.; Foresta, B.; Chen, D.] US Army CECOM, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Sebuktekin, I (reprint author), Telcordia Technologies, One Telcordia Dr, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 978-0-7695-2804-5 PY 2007 BP 394 EP + DI 10.1109/ISADS.2007.30 PG 2 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Telecommunications SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BGE57 UT WOS:000246336200049 ER PT S AU Paicopolis, PS Hixson, JG Noseck, VA AF Paicopolis, Peter S. Hixson, Jonathan G. Noseck, Valerie A. BE Huckridge, DA Ebert, R TI Human visual performance of a dual band I-2/IR sniper scope - art. no. 67370N SO ELECTRO-OPTICAL AND INFRARED SYSTEMS: TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Electro-Optical and Infrared Systems - Technology and Applications IV CY SEP 18-20, 2007 CL Florence, ITALY DE catadioptic; dual band; human visual performance; sniper scope; NVThermIP; IINVD AB The human visual perception performance results of a dual band near (intensified) and long wave (thermal imager) sniper scope are modeled. This system combines an uncooled focal plane array based thermal imager with an intensifier tube to provide a dual band image. The resulting fused image can obtain any percentage combination of thermal or intensified imagery. A multi-spectral common aperture is utilized to provide parallax free registered images in each spectrum necessary for the sniper scope application. A custom designed eyepiece with a micro display overlays the thermal channel image onto the intensified image. The intensified image is viewed directly on the fiber optic output of the intensifier allowing up to 641p/mm intensified resolution, equivalent to 2300 resolvable lines maintained in the intensified channel when moonlight is available. A system of this type combines the very high line resolution available from intensifiers with very high spot detection for targets of military interest. The results of an analysis of human visual performance using NVThermIP and IINVD are presented for this dual band common aperture sniper scope. C1 [Paicopolis, Peter S.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Paicopolis, PS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Bldg 520, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6895-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6737 BP N7370 EP N7370 DI 10.1117/12.738108 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BHK45 UT WOS:000253840400020 ER PT J AU Lim, W Wang, YL Ren, F Norton, DP Kravchenko, II Zavada, JM Pearton, SJ AF Lim, Wantae Wang, Yu-Lin Ren, F. Norton, D. P. Kravchenko, I. I. Zavada, J. M. Pearton, S. J. TI Room-temperature-deposited indium-zinc oxide thin films with controlled conductivity SO ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTOR; ZNO; CHANNEL; TRANSPORT; LAYER AB The deposition of amorphous indium-zinc oxide (IZO) films by cosputtering from In2O3 and ZnO targets near room temperature was investigated as a function of power, process pressure and oxygen partial pressures in the sputtering ambient. The resistivity of the films with In/Zn ratio between 0.3 and 0.6 could be controlled between 10(-3) and 10(3) Omega cm by varying the oxygen partial pressure. The corresponding electron mobilities were 5-20 cm(2) V-1 s(-1). The optical transmittance of the IZO films was > 70% in all cases. Ohmic contact resistances in the range of 3-8 x 10(-5) Omega cm were obtained with both Ni/Au and Ti/Au deposited by electron beam evaporation. ZnO films deposited under the same conditions always showed evidence of polycrystallinity, while the InZnO films remained amorphous. (c) 2007 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu RI Kravchenko, Ivan/K-3022-2015 OI Kravchenko, Ivan/0000-0003-4999-5822 NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 1099-0062 J9 ELECTROCHEM SOLID ST JI Electrochem. Solid State Lett. PY 2007 VL 10 IS 9 BP H267 EP H269 DI 10.1149/1.2750441 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 190VA UT WOS:000248087500025 ER PT B AU Davis, KA Moran, KA AF Davis, Kepler A. Moran, Kimberly A. BE Scheld, WM Hooper, DC Hughes, JM TI Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter infections in US military personnel, 2003 to 2005 SO Emerging Infections 7 SE Emerging Infections (Series) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 44th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy CY OCT 30-NOV 02, 2004 CL Washington, DC ID NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; RISK-FACTORS; POLYMYXIN-B; BAUMANNII; OUTBREAK; OSTEOMYELITIS; IDENTIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PNEUMONIA C1 DD Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Davis, KA (reprint author), DD Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, 300 Hosp Rd, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-377-2 J9 EMERG INFECT PY 2007 VL 7 BP 309 EP 323 PG 15 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA BFT10 UT WOS:000244480200016 ER PT J AU Palacios, G Quan, PL Jabado, OJ Conlan, S Hirschberg, DL Liu, Y Zhai, J Renwick, N Hui, J Hegyi, H Grolla, A Strong, JE Towner, JS Geisbert, TW Jahrling, PB Buechen-Osmond, C Ellerbrok, H Sanchez-Seco, MP Lussier, Y Formenty, P Nichol, ST Feldmann, H Briese, T Lipkin, WI AF Palacios, Gustavo Quan, Phenix-Lan Jabado, Omar J. Conlan, Sean Hirschberg, David L. Liu, Yang Zhai, Junhui Renwick, Neil Hui, Jeffrey Hegyi, Hedi Grolla, Allen Strong, James E. Towner, Jonathan S. Geisbert, Thomas W. Jahrling, Peter B. Buechen-Osmond, Cornelia Ellerbrok, Heinz Sanchez-Seco, Maria Paz Lussier, Yves Formenty, Pierre Nichol, Stuart T. Feldmann, Heinz Briese, Thomas Lipkin, W. Ian TI Panmicrobial oligonucleotide array for diagnosis of infectious diseases SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; VIRAL HEMORRHAGIC FEVERS; VIRUS-INFECTION; HUMAN MONKEYPOX; PATHOGENS; CORONAVIRUS; ALIGNMENT; OUTBREAK; CONGO AB To facilitate rapid, unbiased, differential diagnosis of infectious diseases, we designed GreeneChipPm, a panmicrobial microarray comprising 29,455 sixty-mer oligonucleotide probes for vertebrate viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Methods for nucleic acid preparation, random primed PCR amplification, and labeling were optimized to allow the sensitivity required for application with nucleic acid extracted from clinical materials and cultured isolates. Analysis of nasopharyngeal aspirates, blood, urine, and tissue from persons with various infectious diseases confirmed the presence of viruses and bacteria identified by other methods, and implicated Plasmodium falciparum in an unexplained fatal case of hemorrhagic feverlike disease during the Marburg hemorrhagic fever outbreak in Angola in 2004-2005. C1 Columbia Univ, Jerome L & Dawn Greene Infect Dis Lab, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Inst Enzymol, Budapest, Hungary. Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Natl Inst Hlth, Integrated Res Facil, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Robert Koch Inst, D-1000 Berlin, Germany. Inst Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. RP Lipkin, WI (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Jerome L & Dawn Greene Infect Dis Lab, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, 722 W 168th St,Rm 1801, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM wil2001@columbia.edu RI Jabado, Omar/B-3406-2008; Palacios, Gustavo/I-7773-2015; OI Palacios, Gustavo/0000-0001-5062-1938; Lussier, Yves/0000-0001-9854-1005 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R21 AI056118, AI056118, AI51292, AI55466, R01 AI051292, R21 AI055466, U01 AI070411, U01AI070411, U54 AI057158, U54AI57158]; NLM NIH HHS [K22 LM008308, K22 LM008308-04] NR 24 TC 187 Z9 198 U1 1 U2 8 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2007 VL 13 IS 1 BP 73 EP 81 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 128XH UT WOS:000243692500011 PM 17370518 ER PT S AU Lai, CJ Putnak, R AF Lai, Ching-Juh Putnak, Robert BE Tabor, E TI Dengue and the Dengue Viruses SO EMERGING VIRUSES IN HUMAN POPULATIONS SE Perspectives in Medical Virology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LEUKOCYTES; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G1 ANTIBODY; CHIMPANZEE FAB FRAGMENTS; TYPE-4 VACCINE CANDIDATE; FLAVIVIRUS GENOMIC RNA; PRIMARY KIDNEY-CELLS; RHESUS LUNG-CELLS; FULL-LENGTH CDNA C1 [Lai, Ching-Juh] NIAID, Infect Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Putnak, Robert] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Lai, CJ (reprint author), NIAID, Infect Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 211 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-7069 BN 978-0-08-046790-0 J9 PERSP MED V JI Perspect. Med. Virol. PY 2007 VL 16 BP 269 EP 298 DI 10.1016/S0168-7069(06)16011-5 PG 30 WC Virology SC Virology GA BCR90 UT WOS:000311223400011 ER PT J AU Chappell, MA Scheckel, KG AF Chappell, Mark A. Scheckel, Kirk G. TI Pyromorphite formation and stability after quick lime neutralisation in the presence of soil and clay sorbents SO ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE methods to decrease bioavailability; soil chemistry; solid-phase chemistry ID LEAD IMMOBILIZATION; HYDROXYAPATITE; CHLOROPYROMORPHITE; SOLUBILITY; SPECIATION; PH; DISSOLUTION; SUSPENSIONS; PB AB Soluble Pb is immobilised in pure systems as pyromorphite by adding sources of P, but doubts remain about the effectiveness of this approach in natural soil systems, particularly given the ability of soil humic substances to interfere with Pb-mineral formation. In addition, recent thermodynamic modelling predicts that pyromorphite formed by the addition of phosphoric acid to Pb-contaminated soils, followed by neutralisation with quick lime (Ca(OH)(2)) will destabilise the mineral, reverting the Pb back to more soluble species such as cerussite or anglesite. In this paper, we describe experiments to form pyromorphite in the presence of two different sorbents: a reference smectite called Panther Creek Bentonite, and a commercially available, organically rich potting mixture. We present X-ray diffraction (XRD) evidence suggestive of pyromorphite formation, yet, like similar studies, the evidence is less than conclusive. Linear combination fits of Pb X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy (XAFS) data collected at the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory show that pyromorphite is the major Pb species formed after the addition of phosphoric acid. Furthermore, XAFS data shows that neutralising with quick lime enhances (as opposed to reducing) pyromorphite content in these systems. These results call into question relying solely on XRD data to confirm or deny the existence of minerals like pyromorphite, whose complex morphology give less intense and more complicated diffraction patterns than some of the simpler Pb minerals. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, ERDC, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. RP Chappell, MA (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, ERDC, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM mark.a.chappell@erdc.usace.army.mil RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1448-2517 J9 ENVIRON CHEM JI Environ. Chem. PY 2007 VL 4 IS 2 BP 109 EP 113 DI 10.1071/EN06081 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 157LV UT WOS:000245722100006 ER PT J AU Henderson, JE Smith, JM AF Henderson, Jim E. Smith, Jennifer M. TI Threatened and endangered species: At what cost? The corps of engineers looks at expenditures and priorities SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE threatened and endangered species; expenditures; expenditure reporting; conservation costs; US Army Corps of Engineers; Endangered Species Act; threatened and endangered species; US Fish and Wildlife Service; National Marine Fisheries Service; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; fisheries ID ACT; CONSERVATION; RECOVERY AB Current political conditions, primarily budgetary uncertainty, and the related reluctance to make funding commitments for future generations, have raised questions about the costs of conservation and environmental protection that have not previously been asked. As Federal investments are scrutinized and budgets become ever more constrained, the costs associated with environmental requirements could begin to be of greater importance and to influence decisions on Federal projects. In response to concerns about the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) spending under the Endangered Species Act (P.L. 93-205) (ESA), a limited investigation was performed to determine the accuracy of reported Corps expenditures. The investigation showed that, for particular groups of species, actual conservation costs for threatened and endangered species may be twice the amounts previously reported in the annual ESA expenditure reporting to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. In light of this finding, the Corps has sought a means to provide more accurate and consistent reporting of expenditures for addressing threatened and endangered species. A Species Costs Template (template) has been developed to identify the types and magnitude of costs related to the ESA and to counteract the impediments (legal, institutional, and practical) to underreporting costs. The template will be used by the Corps for reporting ESA costs beginning with Fiscal Year 2005 (FY05) (reported in January 2006). Five broad categories of expenditures (effects determination costs, ESA protection and conservation costs, equipment costs, opportunity costs, and other species costs) are identified by the template. C1 USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. US Army Corps Engn, Washington, DC 20314 USA. RP Henderson, JE (reprint author), USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM jim.e.henderson@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 39 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1007/s00267-005-0298-8 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 113UU UT WOS:000242624100001 PM 17106795 ER PT J AU Wang, GX Gertner, G Anderson, AB AF Wang, Guangxing Gertner, George Anderson, Alan B. TI Sampling and mapping a soil erosion cover factor by integrating stratification, model updating and cokriging with images SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE cokriging; cost-efficiency; Landsat TM imagery; mapping; sample design; soil erosion ID VEGETATION COVER; REGIONALIZED VARIABLES; LOCAL ESTIMATION; SCHEMES; PROGRAM; DESIGN AB Cost-efficient sample designs for collection of ground data and accurate mapping of variables are required to monitor natural resources and environmental and ecological systems. In this study, a sample design and mapping method was developed by integrating stratification, model updating, and cokriging with Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery. This method is based on the spatial autocorrelation of variables and the spatial cross-correlation among them. It can lead to sample designs with variable grid spacing, where sampling distances between plots vary depending on spatial variability of the variables from location to location. This has potential cost-efficiencies in terms of sample design and mapping. This method is also applicable for mapping in the case in which no ground data can be collected in some parts of a study area because of the high cost. The method was validated in a case study in which a ground and vegetation cover factor was sampled and mapped for monitoring soil erosion. The results showed that when the sample obtained with three strata using the developed method was used for sampling and mapping the cover factor, the sampling cost was greatly decreased, although the error of the map was slightly increased compared to that without stratification; that is, the sample cost-efficiency quantified by the product of cost and error was greatly increased. The increase of cost-efficiency was more obvious when the cover factor values of the plots within the no-significant-change stratum were updated by a model developed using the previous observations instead of remeasuring them in the field. C1 Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. US Army Corps Engn, CERL, Champaign, IL USA. RP Gertner, G (reprint author), Univ Illinois, W503 Turner Hall,1102 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM gertner@uiuc.edu NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 39 IS 1 BP 84 EP 97 DI 10.1007/s00267-005-0222-2 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 113UU UT WOS:000242624100006 PM 17106796 ER PT S AU Kiker, GA Linkov, I Bridges, TS AF Kiker, G. A. Linkov, I. Bridges, T. S. BE Linkov, I Kiker, GA Wenning, RJ TI Integrating comparative risk assessment and multicriteria decision analysis - Working through wicked problems and their impossible solutions SO ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY IN HARBORS AND COASTAL AREAS: MANAGEMENT USING COMPARATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT AND MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Management Tools for Port Security, Critical Infrastructure, and Sustainability CY MAR, 2005 CL Thessaloniki, GREECE SP NATO ID DREDGED MATERIAL MANAGEMENT AB "Wicked" problems emerge from the cross-disciplinary and multi-objective reality of current environmental challenges. Significant ecological risks and their uncertainty combine with conflicting stakeholder objectives and values to create a need for systematic risk and decision integration methods. Comparative Risk Assessment and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis provide useful methods for integrating these diverse, decision-relevant factors. A typical wicked problem is realized in the combination of risk and decision factors within contaminated sediment challenges, such as those found in New York/New Jersey Harbor. In a larger context, we identify three essential decision ingredients, People, Process and Tools that should be carefully considered before prematurely embarking on a decision path. C1 [Kiker, G. A.] Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, PO Box 10570, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Linkov, I.] INTERTOX Inc, Brookline, MA 02446 USA. [Bridges, T. S.] US Army Engn Res & Deve Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Kiker, GA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, PO Box 10570, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-1-4020-5800-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2007 BP 37 EP + DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-5802-8_3 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BGD80 UT WOS:000246198000003 ER PT S AU Payne, BS Miller, AC Suedel, B AF Payne, B. S. Miller, A. C. Suedel, B. BE Linkov, I Kiker, GA Wenning, RJ TI Risk and decision methods applied to aquatic ecosystem management SO ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY IN HARBORS AND COASTAL AREAS: MANAGEMENT USING COMPARATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT AND MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Management Tools for Port Security, Critical Infrastructure, and Sustainability CY MAR, 2005 CL Thessaloniki, GREECE SP NATO ID FRESH-WATER MUSSELS; DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICA; ZEBRA MUSSEL; CONSERVATION; RIVER; INVASIONS; BIVALVIA; STRATEGY AB Increased global trade and modern intercontinental transportation have made invasive species an increasingly prominent stressor of freshwater ecosystems. Invasive species risk assessments, which range from simple screening protocols that focus on species attributes and ecological requirements to rigorous analyses of infestation, have become an important component of environmental impact assessment. In this paper we present two recent case studies in which risk and decision methods were applied to non-toxicological environmental issues that are central to many aquatic ecosystem management programs. The first example reviews potential infestation by the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, on Bayou Bartholomew, located in southeast Arkansas, as a result of the proposed augmentation of low flow conditions by pumping water from the nearby and much larger Arkansas River. The second example presents a retrospective analysis of the results of transplanting fat pocketbook pearly mussels, Potarnilus capax, from an approximately 6-km reach of a drainage ditch in eastern Arkansas. The two examples presented herein indicate the potential for improving environmental decision-making in the face of uncertainty-but in the presence of substantial information. As more rigorous attempts are made to widen and enhance applications of risk and decision methods to environmental decision-making, ecosystem management is likely to further improve. C1 [Payne, B. S.; Miller, A. C.; Suedel, B.] US Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Payne, BS (reprint author), US Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. FU U.S. Army Engineer Districts, Memphis, Tennessee and Vicksburg, Mississippi as well as the Systemwide Water Resources Program; Aquatic Nuisance Species Research Programs of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Engineer Research and Development Center FX These studies were funded by the U.S. Army Engineer Districts, Memphis, Tennessee and Vicksburg, Mississippi as well as the Systemwide Water Resources Program and the Aquatic Nuisance Species Research Programs of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Engineer Research and Development Center. The Chief of Engineers granted permission to publish this information NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-1-4020-5800-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2007 BP 127 EP + DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-5802-8_10 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BGD80 UT WOS:000246198000010 ER PT S AU Linkov, I Satterstrom, FK Yatsalo, B Tkachuk, A Kiker, GA Kim, J Bridges, TS Seager, TP Gardner, K AF Linkov, I. Satterstrom, F. K. Yatsalo, B. Tkachuk, A. Kiker, G. A. Kim, J. Bridges, T. S. Seager, T. P. Gardner, K. BE Linkov, I Kiker, GA Wenning, RJ TI Comparative assessment of several multi-criteria decision analysis tools for management of contaminated sediments SO ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY IN HARBORS AND COASTAL AREAS: MANAGEMENT USING COMPARATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT AND MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Management Tools for Port Security, Critical Infrastructure, and Sustainability CY MAR, 2005 CL Thessaloniki, GREECE SP NATO ID DREDGED MATERIAL MANAGEMENT AB Over the past several decades, environmental decision-making strategies have evolved into increasingly more sophisticated, information-intensive, and complex approaches including expert judgment, cost-benefit analysis, toxicological risk assessment, comparative risk assessment, and a number of methods for incorporating public and stakeholder values. This evolution has led to an improved array of decision-making aids, including the development of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) tools that offer a scientifically sound decision analytical framework. The existence of different MCDA methods and the availability of corresponding software contribute to the possibility of practical implementation of these methods. However, even though a great deal of work has been done in justifying the theoretical foundation of these methods, real-life applications are rare. The critical attitudes of different MCDA schools toward alternative approaches may have been an obstacle in the application of MCDA. Additionally, no MCDA method is theoretically appropriate for group decision processes, and all MCDA methods and tools necessarily use significant simplifications and assumptions to rank environmental policy alternatives. Nevertheless, this paper illustrates the application of three different MCDA methods in two case studies involving management of contaminated sediments. These case studies are based on real sediment management problems experienced by the US Army Corps of Engineers and other stakeholders in the New York/New Jersey Harbor and the Cocheco Superfund Site in New Hampshire. Our analysis shows that application of three different MCDA tools points to similar management solutions, no matter which tool is applied. MCDA tools and approaches were constructively used to determine the strengths and weaknesses of each method when solving the problem. C1 [Linkov, I.] INTERTOX Inc, 83 Winchester St, Suite 1, Brookline, MA 02446 USA. [Satterstrom, F. K.] Cambridge Environm Inc, Cambridge, MA 02141 USA. [Yatsalo, B.; Tkachuk, A.] Obninsk State Tech Univ Nucl Power Engn, IATE, Obninsk 249030, Russia. [Kiker, G. A.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Kim, J.; Bridges, T. S.] US Army, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Seager, T. P.; Gardner, K.] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Contaminated Sediments Res, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Linkov, I (reprint author), INTERTOX Inc, 83 Winchester St, Suite 1, Brookline, MA 02446 USA. OI Gardner, Kevin/0000-0002-3848-0674 NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-1-4020-5800-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2007 BP 195 EP + DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-5802-8_14 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BGD80 UT WOS:000246198000014 ER PT S AU Goodwin, RA Pandey, V Kiker, GA Kim, JB AF Goodwin, R. A. Pandey, V. Kiker, G. A. Kim, J. B. BE Linkov, I Kiker, GA Wenning, RJ TI Spatially-explicit population models with complex decisions SO ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY IN HARBORS AND COASTAL AREAS: MANAGEMENT USING COMPARATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT AND MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Management Tools for Port Security, Critical Infrastructure, and Sustainability CY MAR, 2005 CL Thessaloniki, GREECE SP NATO ID UNCERTAINTY; SIMULATIONS; MANAGEMENT; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEMS AB Many approaches exist for modeling the response of animals to environmental condition and change. Regardless of the model selected, uncertainty is a major component in the modeling of complex physical-biological relationships. Structured methods exist for handling uncertainty in these modeling studies, and can facilitate decision-making among stakeholders with differing values. We describe two different approaches for modeling population response to environmental pattern. Then, we propose a simple means for incorporating uncertainty into the modeling process using structured and transparent means. First, a model formula is selected and applied with a structured uncertainty analysis during parameterization. Second, Monte Carlo simulation is applied to propagate the uncertainties in the model outputs induced by the uncertain inputs. Finally, multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is applied to prioritize model forecasts (i.e., of the likely input conditions) according to perceived value, relevance, accuracy, and uncertainty. The structure discussed is simple and can be modified in many ways to meet the demands of a particular study. This paper provides (I) a brief look at alternatives for modeling animal populations and (2) how these types of models can be applied within a structured and transparent framework for handling uncertainty that saves time, money, and effort. C1 [Goodwin, R. A.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 333 SW Ist Ave, Portland, OR 97208 USA. [Pandey, V.; Kiker, G. A.] Univ Florida, Agr & Biolog Engn Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Kim, J. B.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Goodwin, RA (reprint author), US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 333 SW Ist Ave, Portland, OR 97208 USA. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-1-4020-5800-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2007 BP 293 EP + DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-5802-8_20 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BGD80 UT WOS:000246198000020 ER PT S AU Batchelor, CJ AF Batchelor, C. J. BE Linkov, I Kiker, GA Wenning, RJ TI Multi-criteria decision analysis and the tar creek superfund site SO Environmental Security in Harbors and Coastal Areas: MANAGEMENT USING COMPARATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT AND MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS SE Nato Science for Peace and Security Series C - Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Management Tools for Port Security, Critical Infrastructure, and Sustainability CY MAR, 2005 CL Thessaloniki, GREECE SP NATO ID SUPPORT; SYSTEM AB The Tri-State Mining District was formed to encompass areas of Oklahoma, Kansas, and Missouri where lead, zinc, and other metals were mined from the 1900s until the 1960s. Tar Creek in Ottowa County, Oklahoma was the recipient of much of the mining waste generated during this period. The Tar Creek watershed is an approximately 53.3-square-mile area, where 19,566 people reside. It is characterized by high heavy metal soil concentrations, contaminated surface and ground waters, air transport of contaminants, and exposed mining wastes. There are human health and ecological exposure hazards from these media. A need for evaluations of long-teen solutions that could be constructed or implemented to improve the ecosystems is apparent. There has been a movement toward a more `holistic' response to human health and wildlife risks at and adjacent to Tar Creek, including determining problems affecting residents and identifying appropriate remedial actions. In 1983, the area along Tar Creek was listed on the National Priority List (NPL) as a Superfund Site. The Environmental Protection Agency signed a Memorandum of Understanding with United States Army Corps of Engineers and the Department of Interior in 2003 to collaborate on assessment and remediation efforts with multiple stakeholders, which include tribal authorities, local interest parties, and other entities. Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) is a systematic and structured process beneficial to users during the pre- and post-phase of decision making. MCDA could prove an asset to the Tar Creek project, particularly when dealing with multiple stakeholders coupled with numerous remediation objectives and risk remedies, by applying decision processes such as Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT). Commercial software packages use decision processes as engines; for example, Expert Choice g utilizes AHP while Criterium DecisionPlus (R) exercises MAUT. MCDA, paired with decision-making tools, provides the results of modeling/monitoring studies, risk analysis, cost, and stakeholder preferences so that risk managers are able to systematically evaluate and compare alternatives and actions supporting risk management and thus credibly prioritize resources. The following sections will discuss the background and history of the Tar Creek Superfund Site, the MCDA framework/structure, commonly used MCDA tools in conjunction with theories, and a methodology for how MCDA can be effectively used at the site. C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Batchelor, CJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-1-4020-5800-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR PY 2007 BP 451 EP 464 DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-5802-8_33 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BGD80 UT WOS:000246198000033 ER PT J AU Scafetta, N West, BJ AF Scafetta, N. West, B. J. TI Emergence of bi-fractal time series from noise via allometric filters SO EPL LA English DT Article ID CROSSOVER PHENOMENA AB We show how fractal time series can naturally emerge from an input signal, which might be also random noise, when processed by some allometric mechanisms. In particular, we introduce and study the properties of allometric low and high-pass filters. We also argue that in nature pure monofractal signals could be unphysical, while bi-scaling signals might be extremely common, a fact that might be due to allometric geometrical constraint. Finally, we suggest how allometric physical mechanisms could give an approximative interpretation of the fractional calculus. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Army Res Off, Math & Informat Sci Directorate, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Scafetta, N (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. OI Scafetta, Nicola/0000-0003-0967-1911 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EPL ASSOCIATION, EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY PI MULHOUSE PA 6 RUE DES FRERES LUMIERE, MULHOUSE, 68200, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EPL-EUROPHYS LETT JI EPL PY 2007 VL 79 IS 3 AR 30003 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/79/30003 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 203MY UT WOS:000248979900004 ER PT J AU Kwon, H Nasrabadi, NM AF Kwon, Heesung Nasrabadi, Nasser M. TI A comparative analysis of kernel subspace target detectors for hyperspectral imagery SO EURASIP JOURNAL ON ADVANCES IN SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID PROJECTION; CLASSIFICATION AB Several linear and nonlinear detection algorithms that are based on spectral matched (subspace) filters are compared. Nonlinear ( kernel) versions of these spectral matched detectors are also given and their performance is compared with linear versions. Several well-known matched detectors such as matched subspace detector, orthogonal subspace detector, spectral matched filter, and adaptive subspace detector are extended to their corresponding kernel versions by using the idea of kernel-based learning theory. In kernel-based detection algorithms the data is assumed to be implicitly mapped into a high-dimensional kernel feature space by a nonlinear mapping, which is associated with a kernel function. The expression for each detection algorithm is then derived in the feature space, which is kernelized in terms of the kernel functions in order to avoid explicit computation in the high-dimensional feature space. Experimental results based on simulated toy examples and real hyperspectral imagery show that the kernel versions of these detectors outperform the conventional linear detectors. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE SE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kwon, H (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE SE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1687-6172 J9 EURASIP J ADV SIG PR JI EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process. PY 2007 AR 29250 DI 10.1155/2007/29250 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 151EM UT WOS:000245272200001 ER PT J AU Hong, KZ Hua, YB Swami, A AF Hong, Kezhu Hua, Yingbo Swami, Ananthram TI Distributed and cooperative link scheduling for large-scale multihop wireless networks SO EURASIP JOURNAL ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING LA English DT Article ID AD-HOC NETWORKS; POWER-CONTROL; THROUGHPUT; FRAMEWORK AB A distributed and cooperative link- scheduling (DCLS) algorithm is introduced for large- scale multihop wireless networks. With this algorithm, each and every active link in the network cooperatively calibrates its environment and converges to a desired link schedule for data transmissions within a time frame of multiple slots. This schedule is such that the entire network is partitioned into a set of interleaved subnetworks, where each subnetwork consists of concurrent cochannel links that are properly separated from each other. The desired spacing in each subnetwork can be controlled by a tuning parameter and the number of time slots specified for each frame. Following the DCLS algorithm, a distributed and cooperative power control (DCPC) algorithm can be applied to each subnetwork to ensure a desired data rate for each link with minimum network transmission power. As shown consistently by simulations, the DCLS algorithm along with a DCPC algorithm yields significant power savings. The power savings also imply an increased feasible region of averaged link data rates for the entire network. Copyright (c) 2007. C1 [Hong, Kezhu; Hua, Yingbo] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Elect Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Hong, KZ (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Elect Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1687-1472 J9 EURASIP J WIREL COMM JI EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw. PY 2007 AR 34716 DI 10.1155/2007/34716 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 247JW UT WOS:000252075700001 ER PT J AU Sadjadpour, HR Ulman, R Swami, A Ephremides, A AF Sadjadpour, Hamid R. Ulman, Robert Swami, Ananthram Ephremides, Anthony TI Wireless mobile ad hoc networks SO EURASIP JOURNAL ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Sch Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Sadjadpour, HR (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Sch Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 1687-1499 J9 EURASIP J WIREL COMM JI EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw. PY 2007 AR 63708 DI 10.1155/2007/63708 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 211OW UT WOS:000249534100001 ER PT J AU Greenburg, DL Mo, CC Hemmer, PA AF Greenburg, David L. Mo, Clifton C. Hemmer, Paul A. TI IVIG for thymoma-associated pseudo-obstruction: Report of successful treatment SO EUROPEAN NEUROLOGY LA English DT Letter ID INTESTINAL PSEUDOOBSTRUCTION; MYASTHENIA-GRAVIS; MALIGNANT THYMOMA; ANTIBODIES; DYSAUTONOMIA C1 USA, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, USAF, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Greenburg, DL (reprint author), EDP, Dept Med, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20014 USA. EM dgreenburg@usuhs.mil NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0014-3022 J9 EUR NEUROL JI Eur. Neurol. PY 2007 VL 58 IS 2 BP 116 EP 117 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 192YL UT WOS:000248239900010 PM 17570918 ER PT J AU Canby-Hagino, E Hernandez, J Brand, TC Thompson, I AF Canby-Hagino, Edith Hernandez, Javier Brand, Timothy C. Thompson, Ian TI Looking back at PCPT: Looking forward to new paradigms in prostate cancer screening and prevention SO EUROPEAN UROLOGY LA English DT Review DE finasteride; prevention; prostate cancer ID TRIAL PCPT; ANTIGEN; FINASTERIDE; THERAPY; MEN; CHEMOPREVENTION; SERUM; ADENOCARCINOMA; MITOXANTRONE; HYPERPLASIA AB Objectives: Provide a critical summary of the latest interpretation of findings from the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT). Methods: Findings from PCPT and recently published post-hoc analyses are reviewed. Results: PCPT demonstrated that finasteride can reduce the prevalence of prostate cancer, permitted the first large-scale assessment of the performance characteristics of prostate-specific antigen for prostate cancer screening, and identified new-onset erectile dysfunction as an early predictor of cardiovascular events. Conclusions: PCPT has and will continue to yield valuable information regarding future strategies for prostate cancer prevention and detection, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and other matters of public health importance. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Association of Urology. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Canby-Hagino, E (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Urol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM canbyhagino@uthscsa.edu NR 37 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0302-2838 EI 1873-7560 J9 EUR UROL JI Eur. Urol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 51 IS 1 BP 27 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.eururo.2006.09.002 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 121WT UT WOS:000243188400008 PM 17030406 ER PT J AU Tick, E Hill, F AF Tick, Edward Hill, Frank TI "Mash" today: Medicine, war, and writing SO EXPLORE-THE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND HEALING LA English DT Article C1 USA, Forward Surg Team 758th, Washington, DC USA. RP Tick, E (reprint author), USA, Forward Surg Team 758th, Washington, DC USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1550-8307 J9 EXPLORE-NY JI Explore-J Sci. Heal. PD JAN-FEB PY 2007 VL 3 IS 1 BP 59 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.explore.2006.10.009 PG 3 WC Integrative & Complementary Medicine SC Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA 134ZG UT WOS:000244122800020 PM 17234571 ER PT S AU Burk, R Goerger, N Gates, B Blais, C Nagle, J Goerger, S AF Burk, Robin Goerger, Niki Gates, Buhrman Blais, Curtis Nagle, Joyce Goerger, Simon BE Baker, E Joseph, A Mehrotra, A Trick, MA TI KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION FOR MILITARY MOBILITY DECISION-MAKING BY HUMANS AND INTELLIGENT SOFTWARE: The Mobility Common Operational Picture Data Model and Ontology SO EXTENDING THE HORIZONS: ADVANCES IN COMPUTING, OPTIMIZATION, AND DECISION TECHNOLOGIES SE Operations Research Computer Science Interfaces LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Knowledge representation; ontology; artificial intelligence; formal concept analysis; route finding AB The U.S. military is constructing a Global Information Grid that provides key software services to complex networks of computers and software clients in an operational theater. Commanders' need for accurate and timely information in support of complex decisions requires that application programs, intelligent agents and humans be able to exchange, analyze, interpret and report information to one another. While interoperability of human soldiers has traditionally been accomplished by the creation of tacit and explicit knowledge through training, construction of software applications and intelligent agents for the GIG requires a standardized vocabulary and semantically rich formalization of common sense knowledge for the various domains of operation spanned by military planning and operations. This formalization is appropriately captured in ontologies which both provide representation vocabularies and facilitate information exchange. Our recent project to define a data model and ontology for the Mobility Common Operating Picture and our ongoing work to support dynamically computed Common Maneuver Networks illustrate the knowledge engneering challenges inherent in a domain where humans have traditionally relied on tacit knowledge to evaluate information as it influences key decisions. Distinguishing concepts that are inherently relational in nature from those that represent object attributes is a key success factor. C1 [Burk, Robin] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Goerger, Niki; Gates, Buhrman] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Nagle, Joyce] USA, Engineer Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Goerger, Simon] US Mil Acad, Ctr Operat Res, West Point, NY USA. RP Burk, R (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 1387-666X BN 978-0-387-48793-9 J9 OPER RES COMPUT SCI PY 2007 VL 37 BP 247 EP 266 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-48793-9 PG 20 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA BLK12 UT WOS:000270348200016 ER PT S AU White, KD Tuthill, AM Furman, L AF White, Kathleen D. Tuthill, Andrew M. Furman, Linnzi BE Vasiliev, OF VanGelder, PHAJM Plate, EJ Bolgov, MV TI Studies of ice jam flooding in the United States SO EXTREME HYDROLOGICAL EVENTS: NEW CONCEPTS FOR SECURITY SE NATO Science Series IV-Earth and Environmental Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Extreme Hydrological Events CY JUL 11-15, 2005 CL Novosibirsk, RUSSIA SP NATO, RAS, Siberian Branch, Russian Federat, Fed Water Resource Agcy, Minist Nat Resources, RIZA, Inst Water & Environm Problems, Russian Fdn Basic Res, Delft Univ Technol DE river ice; ice jam; ice jam mitigation; ice jam forecasting; ice jam prediction; ice jam control; emergency management; ice jam research ID ECOLOGY; BREAKUP AB Ice jams and other ice accumulations cause estimated average annual damages on the order of $120M (USD) in the United States. These damages include the potential for loss of life and property due to flooding, structural damage, bed and bank erosion and scour, riprap failure, increased flood fighting and assistance costs, and environmental damage. Ice jams also prompt local, state, and federal emergency operations and can affect operation of hydropower and flood control projects. Many ice jams in the United States occur along small, steep rivers where dynamic effects are very important. While many communities across the nation are affected each winter, damages at each location are often insufficient to justify conventional flood-control measures such as dams and levees and require the use of innovative, low-cost ice control methods. Also, since smaller rivers in the United States tend to be relatively undeveloped, solutions must have low environmental impacts to be acceptable. The local ice regime must be well understood to address these issues. As a result, the US Army Corps of Engineers' Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) began collecting ice data a number of years ago, and now has an Ice Jam Database from which relevant information can be extracted. This paper summarizes ice jam occurrence and severity in the United States based on data from nearly 15,000 entries in the Ice Jam Database, and presents information on riverine ice research and development at CRREL. C1 [White, Kathleen D.; Tuthill, Andrew M.; Furman, Linnzi] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP White, KD (reprint author), USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Kathleen.D.White@erdc.usace.army.mil FU US Army Corps of Engineers direct-funded Civil Works Flood and Coastal Storm Damage Reduction Research FX This work was supported in part by the US Army Corps of Engineers direct-funded Civil Works Flood and Coastal Storm Damage Reduction Research Program focus areas Emergency Management and Functional Design and Performance of Structures. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-1238 BN 978-1-4020-5739-7 J9 NATO SCI S SS IV EAR JI NATO Sci. Series IV Earth Environ. Sciences PY 2007 VL 78 BP 255 EP + PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA BGC03 UT WOS:000245975200016 ER PT J AU King, SC Meiselman, HL Hottenstein, AW Work, TM Cronk, V AF King, Silvia C. Meiselman, Herbert L. Hottenstein, Annette W. Work, Therese M. Cronk, Valerie TI The effects of contextual variables on food acceptability: A confirmatory study SO FOOD QUALITY AND PREFERENCE LA English DT Article DE acceptability; consumer; context effect; choice; environment; meal; menu items; restaurant; sensory; social interaction ID ENVIRONMENT; CHOICE AB Consumer acceptance of food and beverage was measured in three different settings/locations: a central location test in a laboratory facility, a central location test at one unit of a national chain restaurant and a customer satisfaction survey at the same chain restaurant in multiple cities. Two main dishes (lasagna, cannelloni), salad, breadsticks and iced tea were served either as individual items or as part of a meal. Meal context and the consumer's ability to choose had the strongest positive effects on acceptance ratings, while environment had no noticeable effects on the acceptability scores. There were significant age and gender effects in the two restaurant settings, but not in the laboratory central location test. The results of this study confirm some of the results of King et al. (2004) [King, S., Weber, A., Meiselman H., & Lv, N. (2004). The effect of meal situation, social interaction, physical environment and choice on food acceptability. Food Quality and Preference, 15, 645-653] on the enhancing effects of context variables on product acceptance, and on how the relationship between context effect and consumer acceptance may not be consistent within and across meal components. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 McCormick & Co, Hunt Valley, MD 21030 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Olive Garden, Orlando, FL 32809 USA. RP King, SC (reprint author), McCormick & Co, 204 Wight Ave, Hunt Valley, MD 21030 USA. EM silvia_king@mccormick.com NR 16 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-3293 J9 FOOD QUAL PREFER JI Food. Qual. Prefer. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 18 IS 1 BP 58 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.foodqual.2005.07.014 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 108MD UT WOS:000242243000006 ER PT J AU McNaugher, TL AF McNaugher, Thomas L. TI Finding the target: The transformation of American military policy. SO FOREIGN AFFAIRS LA English DT Book Review C1 RAND Corp, Army Res Div, Santa Monica, CA 90406 USA. RP McNaugher, TL (reprint author), RAND Corp, Army Res Div, Santa Monica, CA 90406 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU COUNC FOREIGN RELAT INC PI NEW YORK PA 58 E 68TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0015-7120 J9 FOREIGN AFF JI Foreign Aff. PD JAN-FEB PY 2007 VL 86 IS 1 BP 140 EP 147 PG 8 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA 138WU UT WOS:000244394800012 ER PT J AU McNaugher, TL AF McNaugher, Thomas L. TI War made new: Technology, warfare, and the course of history, 1500 to today. SO FOREIGN AFFAIRS LA English DT Book Review C1 RAND Corp, Army Res Div, Santa Monica, CA 90406 USA. RP McNaugher, TL (reprint author), RAND Corp, Army Res Div, Santa Monica, CA 90406 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU COUNC FOREIGN RELAT INC PI NEW YORK PA 58 E 68TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0015-7120 J9 FOREIGN AFF JI Foreign Aff. PD JAN-FEB PY 2007 VL 86 IS 1 BP 140 EP 147 PG 8 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA 138WU UT WOS:000244394800011 ER PT S AU Cardillo, C Russo, M Leduc, P Torch, W AF Cardillo, Carlos Russo, Michael LeDuc, Patricia Torch, William BE Schmorrow, DD Reeves, LM TI Quantitative EEG changes under continuous wakefulness and with fatigue countermeasures: Implications for sustaining aviator performance SO FOUNDATIONS OF AUGMENTED COGNITION, PROCEEDINGS SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Foundation of Augmented Cognition CY JUL 22-27, 2007 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA DE QEEG; CNS; brain mapping; artifact; epoch ID TOTAL SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; PSYCHOTROPIC-DRUGS; CLASSIFICATION; VIGILANCE AB Sleep management, naps, and pharmacological countermeasures may be combined to assist operators requiring around the clock tasks. We used QEEG methodologies to elucidate the CNS effects of stimulants (caffeine, modafinil, and dextroamphetamine) combined with sleep deprivation. Thirty-two UH-60 pilots were tested during 87 hours of continuous wakefulness using frequency analysis to quantify eight EEG channels for up to 20 frequency bands. Data were analyzed using brain mapping techniques and repeated measure analysis of variance. After 50 hours awake, all groups showed the sleep deprivation effects: increases in slow-waves and decreases in alpha activity. Caffeine and modafinil groups appeared to have the greatest degree of effect, producing delays on the clectrophysiological deterioration for up to 46 hours into the sleep deprivation cycle. Additional analysis of these data could systematically correlate cognitive tasks and QEEG data for each pharmacologic intervention. C1 [Cardillo, Carlos] Navigator Dev Grp Inc, US Army Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. [Russo, Michael; LeDuc, Patricia] US Army Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. [Torch, William] Washoe Sleep Disorders Ctr & Eye-Com Corpora, Reno, NV USA. RP Cardillo, C (reprint author), Navigator Dev Grp Inc, US Army Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. FU SOCOM; USAMRMC; EyeCom Eye-tracker Congressional Research Program FX We would like to recognize the team effort of all personnel within the U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory and all volunteer helicopter pilots who made possible this study. This research was supported by SOCOM, USAMRMC and by the EyeCom Eye-tracker Congressional Research Program. The research work reported in this paper and involving human subjects follows the MRMC / HSRRB A-13257 human use protocol. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors do not reflect the policy of the Army or the DoD. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-540-73215-0 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2007 VL 4565 BP 13 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BGK68 UT WOS:000248044600002 ER PT J AU Gorbunov, NV Atkins, JL Gurusamy, N Das, DK Kagan, VE Tyurina, YY Knutson, MD Pitt, BR AF Gorbunov, Nikolai V. Atkins, James L. Gurusamy, Narasimman Das, Dipak K. Kagan, Valerian E. Tyurina, Yulia Y. Knutson, Mitchell D. Pitt, Bruce R. TI Iron-induced remodeling in rat pulmonary aertery endothelial cells (RPAEC) SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 14th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Free-Radical-Biology-and-Medicine CY NOV 14-18, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Soc Free Rad Biol & Med C1 [Gorbunov, Nikolai V.; Atkins, James L.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Gurusamy, Narasimman] Univ Connecticut, Sch Med, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Farmington, CT USA. [Kagan, Valerian E.; Tyurina, Yulia Y.; Pitt, Bruce R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Knutson, Mitchell D.] Univ Florida, Ctr Nutr Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PY 2007 VL 43 SU 1 BP S150 EP S150 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 229WC UT WOS:000250835900406 ER PT J AU Komarov, AM Gorbounov, NV Van Duyne, R Kashanchi, F Atkins, JL AF Komarov, Andrei M. Gorbounov, Nikolai V. Van Duyne, Rachel Kashanchi, Fatah Atkins, James L. TI Protein profile of Fe(II) complexes in the mesenteric lymph of rats SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 14th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Free-Radical-Biology-and-Medicine CY NOV 14-18, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Soc Free Rad Biol & Med C1 [Komarov, Andrei M.; Van Duyne, Rachel; Kashanchi, Fatah] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Gorbounov, Nikolai V.; Atkins, James L.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PY 2007 VL 43 SU 1 BP S23 EP S24 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 229WC UT WOS:000250835900058 ER PT B AU Seidel, RJ Kett, A AF Seidel, Robert J. Kett, Allyson BA Seidel, RJ Perencevich, KC Kett, AL BF Seidel, RJ Perencevich, KC Kett, AL TI From Principles of Learning to Strategies for Instruction with Workbook Companion A Needs-Based Focus on High School Adolescents INTRODUCTION SO FROM PRINCIPLES OF LEARNING TO STRATEGIES FOR INSTRUCTION WITH WORKBOOK COMPANION LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Seidel, Robert J.] Strategies Change, Vienna, VA 22182 USA. [Seidel, Robert J.] USA, Res Inst, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. [Kett, Allyson] Consortium Res Fellows Program, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. RP Seidel, RJ (reprint author), Strategies Change, 2110A Gallows Rd,Suite 100, Vienna, VA 22182 USA. EM bobsylseidel@verizon.net; allysonkett@yahoo.com; bobsylseidel@verizon.net NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-71086-0 PY 2007 BP 237 EP 242 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-71086-0 PG 6 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA BKU14 UT WOS:000269242700009 ER PT J AU Suchalkin, S Kisin, M Luryi, S Belenky, G Towner, F Bruno, JD Monroy, C Tober, RL AF Suchalkin, S. Kisin, M. Luryi, S. Belenky, G. Towner, F. Bruno, J. D. Monroy, C. Tober, R. L. BE Luryi, S Xu, J Zaslavsky, A TI Wavelength Tuning of Interband Cascade Lasers Based on the Stark Effect SO FUTURE TRENDS IN MICROELECTRONICS: UP THE NANO CREEK LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Suchalkin, S.; Kisin, M.; Luryi, S.; Belenky, G.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Towner, F.; Bruno, J. D.] Max Technol Inc, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Monroy, C.; Tober, R. L.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20873 USA. RP Suchalkin, S (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-0-470-16826-4 PY 2007 BP 369 EP 379 D2 10.1002/9780470168264 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BCJ34 UT WOS:000310280700034 ER PT J AU Rubins, KH Hensley, LE Wahl-Jensen, V DiCaprio, KMD Young, HA Reed, DS Jahrling, PB Brown, PO Relman, DA Geisbert, TW AF Rubins, Kathleen H. Hensley, Lisa E. Wahl-Jensen, Victoria DiCaprio, Kathleen M. Daddario Young, Howard A. Reed, Douglas S. Jahrling, Peter B. Brown, Patrick O. Relman, David A. Geisbert, Thomas W. TI The temporal program of peripheral blood gene expression in the response of nonhuman primates to Ebola hemorrhagic fever SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NECROSIS-FACTOR RECEPTOR; VIRUS-INFECTED PATIENTS; SMALL GLYCOPROTEIN SGP; CYNOMOLGUS MACAQUES; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; HUMAN MACROPHAGES; MARBURG VIRUSES; RHESUS-MONKEYS; IFN-ALPHA; IN-VITRO AB Background: Infection with Ebola virus (EBOV) causes a fulminant and often fatal hemorrhagic fever. In order to improve our understanding of EBOV pathogenesis and EBOV-host interactions, we examined the molecular features of EBOV infection in vivo. Results: Using high-density cDNA microarrays, we analyzed genome-wide host expression patterns in sequential blood samples from nonhuman primates infected with EBOV. The temporal program of gene expression was strikingly similar between animals. Of particular interest were features of the data that reflect the interferon response, cytokine signaling, and apoptosis. Transcript levels for tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme (TACE)/alpha-disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM)-17 increased during days 4 to 6 after infection. In addition, the serum concentration of cleaved Ebola glycoprotein (GP(2) delta) was elevated in late-stage EBOV infected animals. Of note, we were able to detect changes in gene expression of more than 300 genes before symptoms appeared. Conclusion: These results provide the first genome-wide ex vivo analysis of the host response to systemic filovirus infection and disease. These data may elucidate mechanisms of viral pathogenesis and host defense, and may suggest targets for diagnostic and therapeutic development. C1 [Rubins, Kathleen H.; Relman, David A.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Rubins, Kathleen H.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Rubins, Kathleen H.] Whitehead Inst Biomed Res, Cambridge Ctr 9, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. [Hensley, Lisa E.; Wahl-Jensen, Victoria; DiCaprio, Kathleen M. Daddario; Reed, Douglas S.; Jahrling, Peter B.; Geisbert, Thomas W.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Young, Howard A.] NCI, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Brown, Patrick O.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Relman, David A.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Relman, David A.] Vet Affairs Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Rubins, KH (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 299 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM rubins@wi.mit.edu OI Reed, Douglas/0000-0003-0076-9023 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI54922, R01 AI054922] NR 69 TC 42 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1474-760X J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2007 VL 8 IS 8 AR R174 DI 10.1186/gb-2007-8-8-r174 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 273NT UT WOS:000253938500026 PM 17725815 ER PT S AU Medina, A Arce, GR Sadler, BM AF Medina, Andres Arce, Gonzalo R. Sadler, Brian M. GP IEEE TI Statistical approach to neighborhood congestion control in ad hoc wireless networks SO GLOBECOM 2007: 2007 IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-11 SE IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Globecom) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 07) CY NOV 26-30, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE AB The concept of Active Queue Management (AQM), broadly used in Internet Congestion Control, has been recently introduced to ad hoc wireless networks as a means to mitigate the severe TCP unfairness across flows. In particular, Neighborhood RED (NRED) has been proposed as an extension to the Random Early Detection (RED) mechanism with the goal of ensuring fair bandwidth allocation across flows in the networks. NRED provides improvements but suffers from limitations that can make its broad implementation difficult. This paper describes two fundamental principles governing neighborhood congestion among TCP flows in ad hoc wireless networks which are exploited to develop an improved control mechanism. The first principle indicates that the likelihood of the channel being captured by a node grows exponentially with the disparity between the node's channel utilization and the expected utilization level. The second principle indicates that traditional random packet marking in NRED leads to reduced fairness across flows, pointing to a simple dropping/marking strategy based on the concept of error diffusion where packet marks are spread apart as homogeneously as possible. The power of these fundamental principles is demonstrated in a Congestion Control scheme referred to as Neighborhood Diffusion Early Marking (NDEM) which results in a more efficient bandwidth distribution compared to NRED. C1 [Medina, Andres; Arce, Gonzalo R.] Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Medina, A (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. FU U. S. Army Research Laboratory [DAAD19-1-2-0011]; National Science Foundation [ITR ANI-0312851] FX Prepared through collaborative participation in the Communications and Networks Consortium sponsored by the U. S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-1-2-0011. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. This work was also supported in part by the National Science Foundation under the award ITR ANI-0312851. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-529X BN 978-1-4244-1042-2 J9 GLOB TELECOMM CONF PY 2007 BP 764 EP + PG 2 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BHY77 UT WOS:000257505700141 ER PT S AU Fridman, A Weber, S Graff, C Kam, M AF Fridman, Alex Weber, Steven Graff, Charles Kam, Moshe GP IEEE TI Path planning for network performance SO GLOBECOM 2007: 2007 IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-11 SE IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Globecom) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 07) CY NOV 26-30, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE AB Path planning and network design are often treated by architects of mobile communication networks as separate problems. In fact, most mobile ad hoc network (MANET) designs do not consider the path that the network nodes would take as part of the objective set, but incorporate them in an abstract form as general constraints on mobility (limit on the initial configuration and the node velocity). It appears that significant performance improvement may be possible if multiobjective optimization is attempted on performance indices such as connectivity of the network and arrival time of all nodes at a specified terminal set. In this study we provide an efficient decentralized method for computing the Pareto optimal set of plans, and show the benefit of path planning under six different metrics of MANET performance. C1 [Fridman, Alex; Weber, Steven; Kam, Moshe] Drexel Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Graff, Charles] US Army, CERDEC, RDECOM, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Fridman, A (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-529X BN 978-1-4244-1042-2 J9 GLOB TELECOMM CONF PY 2007 BP 1258 EP + PG 2 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BHY77 UT WOS:000257505701046 ER PT S AU Ghogho, M Swami, A Ciblat, P AF Ghogho, Mounir Swami, Ananthram Ciblat, Philippe GP IEEE TI Training design for CFO estimation in OFDM over correlated multipath fading channels SO GLOBECOM 2007: 2007 IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-11 SE IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Globecom) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 07) CY NOV 26-30, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE AB Carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation is a key challenge in multicarrier systems such as OFDM. Often, this task is carried out using a preamble made of a number, say J, of repetitive-slots (RS). Here, we address the issue of optimal RS preamble design using file Cramer-Rao bound. We show that the optimal value of J is a trade-off between the multipath diversity gain and the number of unknowns to be estimated. In the case of correlated channel taps, we show that uniform power loading of the active subcarriers is not optimal (in contrast with the uncorrelated case) and a better power loading scheme is proposed. The theoretical results are supported by computer simulations. C1 [Ghogho, Mounir] Univ Leeds, Sch Elect Engn, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Ciblat, Philippe] Ecol Natl Super Telecommun, Paris, France. RP Ghogho, M (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Elect Engn, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. FU Royal Society FX This work was partially supported by the Royal Society NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-529X BN 978-1-4244-1042-2 J9 GLOB TELECOMM CONF PY 2007 BP 2821 EP + PG 2 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BHY77 UT WOS:000257505702144 ER PT S AU Shi, M Bar-Ness, Y Su, W AF Shi, Miao Bar-Ness, Yeheskel Su, Wei GP IEEE TI STC and BLAST MIMO modulation recognition SO GLOBECOM 2007: 2007 IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-11 SE IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Globecom) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 07) CY NOV 26-30, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE ID WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AB In this paper, we investigate one of the MIMO classification problem: distinguishing Space Time Coding (STC) from BLAST schemes. With STC the transmitted signals are correlated in time, while with BLAST scheme the transmitted signals do not have such correlation, that is, the signal emittted from different antenna are uncorrelated. We exploit the cyclostationarity test to distinguish between these two schemes. Different linear combining process of the received signal have been proposed to check the cyclostationarity. Finally, we verify our method using Monte Carlo simulations. C1 [Shi, Miao; Bar-Ness, Yeheskel] New Jersey Inst Technol, Ctr Wireless Commun & Signal Proc Res, ECE Dept, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Su, Wei] US Army RDECOM, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Shi, M (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Ctr Wireless Commun & Signal Proc Res, ECE Dept, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. NR 5 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-529X BN 978-1-4244-1042-2 J9 GLOB TELECOMM CONF PY 2007 BP 3034 EP + PG 2 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BHY77 UT WOS:000257505702185 ER PT S AU Geirhofer, S Tong, L Sadler, BM AF Geirhofer, Stefan Tong, Lang Sadler, Brian M. GP IEEE TI Cognitive medium access: A protocol for enhancing coexistence in WLAN bands SO GLOBECOM 2007: 2007 IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-11 SE IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Globecom) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 07) CY NOV 26-30, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE ID SPECTRUM ACCESS AB In this paper we propose Cognitive Medium Access (CMA), a protocol aimed at improving coexistence with a set of independently evolving WLAN bands. A time-slotted physical layer for the cognitive radio is considered and CMA is derived based on experimental models. By recasting the problem as a Constrained Markov Decision Process (CMDP), throughput is optimized while keeping interference below some given constraint. The optimal control policy is obtained via linear programming. In addition, we show that optimal CMA admits structured solutions which are computationally less expensive and allow further insight into the problem. Numerical results are presented for typical coexistence setups and show a significant performance improvement. C1 [Geirhofer, Stefan; Tong, Lang] Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Geirhofer, S (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM sg355@cornell.edu; lt35@cornell.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory [DAAD19-01-2-0011] FX This paper was prepared though collaborative participation in the Communications and Networks Consortium sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0011. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-529X BN 978-1-4244-1042-2 J9 GLOB TELECOMM CONF PY 2007 BP 3558 EP + PG 2 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BHY77 UT WOS:000257505703097 ER PT S AU Miao, GW Li, Y Swami, A AF Miao, Guowang Li, Ye (Geoffrey) Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI Decentralized cross-layer optimization for multichannel Aloha wireless networks SO GLOBECOM 2007: 2007 IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-11 SE IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Globecom) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 07) CY NOV 26-30, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE AB While most existing channel aware Aloha schemes focus on wireless networks where each user intends to send only one traffic flow, and interferes with all the other users, some wireless networks may have more complicated traffic distribution and the transmissions of different users may interfere with different groups of users. In this paper, we consider schemes for the decentralized cross-layer optimization of multichannel random access, in which users are not necessarily within the transmission ranges of all other users, and each user may choose to send packets to or receive packets from different users simultaneously. With cross-layer design, users are configured according to local neighborhood information to adapt to inhomogeneous network characteristics. It is demonstrated by simulation that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms existing channel aware Aloha schemes due to its exploitation of both multiuser diversity and the inhomogeneous characteristics of traffic distribution in the network. C1 [Miao, Guowang; Li, Ye (Geoffrey)] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] Commun & Informat Sci, Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Miao, GW (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM gmiao3@gatech.edu FU Intel; Motorola; U.S. Army Research Laboratory [DAAD19-01-20-0011] FX This work was supported by Intel, SABA Program of Motorola and the U.S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-20-0011. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-529X BN 978-1-4244-1042-2 J9 GLOB TELECOMM CONF PY 2007 BP 4456 EP + PG 2 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BHY77 UT WOS:000257505704074 ER PT S AU Chen, YX Zhao, Q Swami, A AF Chen, Yunxia Zhao, Qing Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI Bursty traffic in energy-constrained opportunistic spectrum access SO GLOBECOM 2007: 2007 IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-11 SE IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Globecom) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 07) CY NOV 26-30, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE AB We design opportunistic spectrum access strategies for improving spectrum efficiency. In each slot, a secondary user chooses a subset of channels to sense and decides whether to access based on the sensing outcomes. Incorporating the secondary user's residual energy and buffer state, we formulate this sequential decision-making problem as a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP). Within the POMDP framework, we obtain stationary optimal sensing and access policies. By exploiting the rich structure of the underlying problem, we develop monotonicity results for the optimal policies, which accelerate the computations. Numerical results are provided to study the impact of the secondary user's packet arrival rate and residual energy on the optimal sensing and access decisions. C1 [Chen, Yunxia; Zhao, Qing] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Davis, CA 94536 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Chen, YX (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Davis, CA 94536 USA. FU Army Research Laboratory Collaborative Technology Alliance on Communication and Networks [DAAD19-01-2-0011]; National Science Foundation [CNS-0627090, ECS-0622200] FX 0This work was supported in part by the Army Research Laboratory Collaborative Technology Alliance on Communication and Networks under Grant DAAD19-01-2-0011 and by the National Science Foundation under Grants CNS-0627090 and ECS-0622200. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-529X BN 978-1-4244-1042-2 J9 GLOB TELECOMM CONF PY 2007 BP 4641 EP + PG 2 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BHY77 UT WOS:000257505704108 ER PT J AU Kim, SC Huh, P Kumar, J Kim, B Lee, JO Bruno, FF Samuelson, LA AF Kim, Seong-Cheol Huh, Pilho Kumar, Jayant Kim, Bongsoo Lee, Jang-Oo Bruno, Ferdinando F. Samuelson, Lynne A. TI Synthesis of polyaniline derivatives via biocatalysis SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CONDUCTING POLYANILINE; ENZYMATIC-SYNTHESIS; N-ALKYLANILINES; WATER; ELECTRODES; ANILINE; FILMS AB Three structurally different aniline monomers, which can not be polymerized by chemical methods, have been polymerized with horseradish peroxidase. Enzymatic synthesis of linear polyaniline requires template molecules to minimize branching in the polyaniline backbone. Monomers having methoxy and methyl blocking groups at the ortho or meta position could induce the conducting form of para-linked polyaniline without the use of an anionic template, such as SPS. A new mild peroxide, peroxyacetic acid, was identified and used to oxidize horseradish peroxidase in water. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Polymer Sci Program, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Polymer Sci Program, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Pusan 609735, South Korea. USA, RDECOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Kim, SC (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Polymer Sci Program, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM Jayant_Kumar@uml.edu; Lynne_Samuelson@natick.army.mil NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 8 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2007 VL 9 IS 1 BP 44 EP 48 DI 10.1039/b606839a PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 123AL UT WOS:000243268600008 ER PT S AU Gillaspy, JD Pomeroy, JM Perrellal, AC Grube, H AF Gillaspy, J. D. Pomeroy, J. M. Perrellal, A. C. Grube, H. BE McCullough, RW Currell, FJ Greenwood, J Gribakin, G Scott, MP TI The potential of highly charged ions: Possible future applications SO HCI 2006: 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE PHYSICS OF HIGHLY CHARGED IONS SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Physics of Highly Charged Ions CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2006 CL Queens Univ, Belfast, IRELAND SP Univ Coll Dublin, Phys Dept, Dublin City Univ HO Queens Univ ID X-RAYS; GRAPHITE; SILICON; BEAMS; BOMBARDMENT; EXTRACTION; EFFICIENCY; LINES; TRAP AB This paper mirrors and provides references to an invited review talk delivered by the first author at the 13th International Conference on the Physics of Highly Charged Ions. It briefly updates and extends an earlier review. C1 [Gillaspy, J. D.; Pomeroy, J. M.; Grube, H.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Perrellal, A. C.] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gillaspy, JD (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. FU International SEMATECH; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX We acknowledge past support from International SEMATECH, the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2007 VL 58 BP 451 EP + DI 10.1088/1742-6596/58/1/104 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BGF37 UT WOS:000246424800104 ER PT S AU Fellowes, DA Wood, MV Hastings, AR Ghosh, AP Prache, O AF Fellowes, David A. Wood, Michael V. Hastings, Arthur R., Jr. Ghosh, Amalkumar P. Prache, Olivier BE Brown, RW Reese, CE Marasco, PL Harding, TH TI Life test results of OLED-XL Rong-life devices for use in active matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED) displays for head mounted applications - art. no. 655705 SO Head- and Helmet-Mounted Displays XII: Design and Applications SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Head- and Helmet - Mounted Displays XII - Design and Applications CY APR 10-11, 2007 CL Orlando, FL DE AMOLED; OLED; long-life OLED; lifetime; usable display lifetime AB eMagin Corporation has recently developed long-life OLED-XL devices for use in their AMOLED microdisplays for head-worn applications. AMOLED displays have been known to exhibit high levels of performance with regards to contrast, response time, uniformity, and viewing angle, but a lifetime improvement has been perceived to be essential for broadening the applications of OLED's in the military and in the commercial market. The new OLED-XL devices gave the promise of improvements in usable lifetime over 6X what the standard full color, white, and green devices could provide. The US Army's RDECOM CERDEC NVESD performed life tests on several standard and OLED-XL panels from eMagin under a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA). Displays were tested at room temperature, utilizing eMagin's Design Reference Kit driver, allowing computer controlled optimization, brightness adjustment, and manual temperature compensation. The OLED Usable Lifetime Model, developed under a previous NVESD/eMagin SPIE paper presented at DSS 2005(1), has been adjusted based on the findings of these tests. The result is a better understanding of the applicability of AMOLEDs in military and commercial head mounted systems: where good fits are made, and where further development might be needed. C1 USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, AMSRD CER NV ST IT, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Fellowes, DA (reprint author), USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, AMSRD CER NV ST IT, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6679-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6557 BP 55705 EP 55705 AR 655705 DI 10.1117/12.718647 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGL51 UT WOS:000248198700002 ER PT J AU Wilensky, GR Wolter, N Fischer, MM AF Wilensky, Gail R. Wolter, Nicholas Fischer, Michelle M. TI Gain sharing: A good concept getting a bad name? SO HEALTH AFFAIRS LA English DT Article ID CARE; QUALITY AB The introduction of diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) created a clear misalignment between the incentives facing hospitals and those facing physicians. The interest in gain sharing that developed in the 1990s represented an attempt by physicians to extract and hospitals to offer some of the savings being produced by physicians. Advisory bulletins by the Office of Inspector General (Department of Health and Human Services) quickly put a stop to further interest in these strategies. Newer, narrowly defined types of gain sharing have been under consideration. More broadly defined strategies that will be tested under a new Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services demonstration are more promising. C1 Billings Clin, Billings, MT USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Dept Anesthesia & Operat Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Wilensky, GR (reprint author), Billings Clin, Billings, MT USA. EM gwilensky@projecthope.org NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PROJECT HOPE PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE 600, BETHESDA, MD 20814-6133 USA SN 0278-2715 J9 HEALTH AFFAIR JI Health Aff. PD JAN-FEB PY 2007 VL 26 IS 1 BP W58 EP W67 DI 10.1377/hlthaff.26.1.w58 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 136LF UT WOS:000244223200045 PM 17148491 ER PT J AU Zuclich, JA Lund, DJ Stuck, BE AF Zuclich, Joseph A. Lund, David J. Stuck, Bruce E. TI Wavelength dependence of ocular damage thresholds in the near-ir to far-ir transition region: Proposed revisions to MPEs SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE lasers; radiation, non-ionizing; health effects; safety standards ID LASER-RADIATION; MU-M; HAZARDS AB This report summarizes the results of a series of infrared (IR) laser-induced ocular damage studies conducted over the past decade. The studies examined retinal, lens, and corneal effects of laser exposures in the near-IR to far-IR transition region (wavelengths from 1.3-1.4 mu m with exposure durations ranging from Q-switched to continuous wave). The corneal and retinal damage thresholds are tabulated for all pulsewidth regimes, and the wavelength dependence of the IR thresholds is discussed and contrasted to laser safety standard maximum permissible exposure limits. The analysis suggests that the current maximum permissible exposure limits could be beneficially revised to (1) relax the IR limits over wavelength ranges where unusually high safety margins may unintentionally hinder applications of recently developed military and telecommunications laser systems; (2) replace step-function discontinuities in the IR limits by continuously varying analytical functions of wavelength and pulsewidth which more closely follow the trends of the experimental retinal (for point-source laser exposures) and corneal ED, threshold data; and (3) result in an overall simplification of the permissible exposure limits over the wavelength range from 1.2-2.6 mu m. A specific proposal for amending the IR maximum permissible exposure limits over this wavelength range is presented. C1 Northrop Grumman Informat Technol, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. USA, Med Res Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Zuclich, JA (reprint author), Northrop Grumman Informat Technol, 4241 Woodcock Dr,Suite B-100, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. EM joe.zuclich.ctr@brooks.af.mil NR 19 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 92 IS 1 BP 15 EP 23 DI 10.1097/01.HP.0000232188.69779.69 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 117HN UT WOS:000242864000003 PM 17164595 ER PT J AU Forys, KL Dahlquist, LM AF Forys, Kelly L. Dahlquist, Lynnda M. TI The influence of preferred coping style and cognitive strategy on laboratory-induced pain SO HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE coping style; cognitive strategy; treatment matching; pain management ID COLD-PRESSOR PAIN; CARDIAC-CATHETERIZATION; VISUAL ANALOG; INTERVENTIONS; DISTRACTION; VALIDATION; ANXIETY; STRESS; CANCER; INFORMATION AB Objective: To evaluate the effects of matching an individual's coping style (low, mixed, or high monitoring) to an appropriate cognitive strategy (distraction or sensation monitoring) to improve pain management. Design: This study used a split-plot factorial design in a laboratory setting. Main Outcome Measures: Main outcomes were pain threshold, pain tolerance, pain intensity, pain affect, and anxiety. Results: The results of the 2 X 3 X 3 (Experimental Condition X Coping Style X Trial) analysis of variance (ANOVA) interaction were significant for pain threshold scores, F(4, 178) = 2.95, p <.01. Low monitors in the matched distraction trial had higher pain threshold scores than during baseline, t(15) = -2.68, p =.017, and the mismatched sensation monitoring trial, t(15) = 2.80, p =.014. High monitors' pain threshold scores were higher than baseline only during the matched sensation monitoring trial, t(27) = -2.75, p =.010. The results of the 2 X 3 X 3 ANOVA interaction were not significant for pain tolerance scores; however, when the mixed monitors were excluded, the 3-way interaction was significant, F(2, 124) = 3.48, p <.05. The results were nonsignificant for pain intensity, pain affect, and anxiety. Conclusion: Results demonstrate that matching coping style to the appropriate cognitive strategy is important for improving pain threshold and pain tolerance; however, matching did not reduce pain intensity, pain affect, or anxiety. Future studies should explore the explanation for differential responses of high and low monitors and should test these hypotheses in a clinical setting. C1 Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Psychol, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. RP Forys, KL (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Preventat Med, 5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM forys@umbc.edu NR 47 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC/EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0278-6133 J9 HEALTH PSYCHOL JI Health Psychol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 26 IS 1 BP 22 EP 29 DI 10.1037/0278-6133.26.1.22 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology SC Psychology GA 125AF UT WOS:000243413200004 PM 17209694 ER PT S AU Rice, BM Byrd, EFC Mattson, WD AF Rice, Betsy M. Byrd, Edward F. C. Mattson, William D. BE Klapotke, TM TI Computational aspects of nitrogen-rich HEM SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY MATERIALS SE Structure and Bonding LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE computational chemistry; crystal density; energetic materials; heats of formation; quantum mechanics ID SURFACE ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIALS; MOLECULAR ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; SOLID-PHASE HEATS; QUANTUM-MECHANICAL CALCULATIONS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE PREDICTION; HIGH-PRESSURE PHASES; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; IMPACT SENSITIVITY; ENERGETIC MATERIALS AB A variety of computational procedures used to predict properties of energetic materials is presented. These procedures, based on standard atomistic simulation methods, demonstrate the ability to predict key properties of these materials related to performance or hazard. Several applications of the various methods for nitrogen-rich materials are provided to illustrate capabilities. Also, an overview of theoretical efforts in computational design of novel all-nitrogen materials is given. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Rice, BM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM betsyr@arl.army.mil NR 225 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0081-5993 BN 978-3-540-72201-4 J9 STRUCT BOND JI Struct. Bond. PY 2007 VL 125 BP 153 EP 194 DI 10.1007/430_2006_053 D2 10.1007/978-3-540-72202-1 PG 42 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA BGS98 UT WOS:000250381700005 ER PT B AU Salas, E DeRouin, RE Gade, PA AF Salas, Eduardo DeRouin, Renee E. Gade, Paul A. BE Koppes, LL TI The Military's Contribution to Our Science and Practice: People, Places, and Findings SO HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES IN INDUSTRIAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY SE Series in Applied Psychology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DECISION-MAKING; TRAINING EVALUATION; HUMAN-PERFORMANCE; WORKING-MEMORY; PERSONNEL; PSYCHOLOGY; ARMY; CLASSIFICATION; INTELLIGENCE; MANAGEMENT C1 [Salas, Eduardo] Univ Cent Florida, Human Syst Integrated Res Dept, Inst Simulat & Training, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [DeRouin, Renee E.] Univ Cent Florida, Ind & Org Psychol Program, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Gade, Paul A.] USA, Org & Personnel Resources Res Unit, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Washington, DC USA. RP Salas, E (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Human Syst Integrated Res Dept, Inst Simulat & Training, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. NR 106 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC PUBL PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430 USA BN 978-0-8058-4440-5 J9 SER APPL PSYCHOL PY 2007 BP 169 EP 189 PG 21 WC Psychology, Applied SC Psychology GA BKE36 UT WOS:000267875700008 ER PT S AU Braun, JH AF Braun, Julius H. BE Winter, FH TI Flight termination of the first large solid propellant rocket SO HISTORY OF ROCKETRY AND ASTRONAUTICS SE AAS HISTORY SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd History Symposium of the International-Academy-of-Astronautics CY OCT 04-08, 1999 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP Int Astronautical Federat C1 USA, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASTRONAUTICAL SOC PI SAN DIEGO PA PUBLICATIONS OFFICE PO BOX 28130, SAN DIEGO, CA 92128 USA SN 0730-3564 BN 978-0-87703-540-4 J9 AAS HIST S PY 2007 VL 28 BP 257 EP 266 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; History & Philosophy Of Science SC Engineering; History & Philosophy of Science GA BHD06 UT WOS:000252246200011 ER PT J AU Von Stackelberg, K Nelson, M Southworth, B Bridges, T AF Von Stackelberg, Katherine Nelson, Maura Southworth, Barbara Bridges, Todd TI An evaluation of risk drivers from a sample of risk assessments conducted for the U.S. Army SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE uncertainty; risk driver; decision-making; risk assessment AB We evaluate risk drivers at selected U. S. Army installations by developing a database containing contaminant-pathway-receptor combinations that exceed regulatory thresholds for ecological (toxicity quotient greater than one), human health cancer risk (predicted incremental lifetime cancer risk greater than one in ten thousand), and noncancer human health (hazard index greater than one). We compare the risk drivers from the database to reported corrective action objectives from available decision documents. For noncancer hazards, explosives (particularly in ground water) dominate the reported exceedances of regulatory thresholds in the database. PAHs in home-grown produce show the highest number of exceedances of regulatory thresholds for cancer risk. For ecological risks, PAHs in both terrestrial and aquatic environments dominate the exceedances of regulatory thresholds. All available cleanup levels were derived based on human health exposures rather than ecological exposures, except for one site. In general, ecological risks were considered to be " more uncertain," and that was used as a basis for not relying on backcalculated target levels on the basis of ecological risk. The reverse was true for human health risks: the " conservative" assumptions incorporated into the modeling provided the justification for backcalculating health-protective target levels. C1 Menzie Cura & Assoc Inc, Winchester, MA USA. ENVIRON Int Corp, Emeryville, CA USA. Waterways Expt Stn, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Von Stackelberg, K (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Harvard Ctr Risk Anal, 401 Pk Dr,Landmark 404C,PO Box 15677, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM kvon@hsph.harvard.edu NR 51 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PY 2007 VL 13 IS 5 BP 1053 EP 1077 DI 10.1080/10807030701506330 PG 25 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 223LN UT WOS:000250372000008 ER PT J AU Andreas, EL AF Andreas, Edgar L. TI New estimates for the sublimation rate for ice on the Moon SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE ices; meteorology; Moon; Moon; surface; regoliths ID LUNAR POLES; VAPOR-PRESSURE; WATER ICE; SURFACE; TEMPERATURES; EQUATIONS; HYDROGEN; DEPOSITS AB The strong hydrogen signal that the Lunar Prospector saw at the Moon's poles suggests that water ice may be present near the surface of the lunar regolith. A robotic mission to obtain in situ samples and to quantify the amount of this valuable resource must be designed carefully to avoid dissipating too much heat in the regolith during coring or drilling and, thus, causing the ice to sublimate before it is processed. Here I use new results for the saturation vapor pressure of water ice to extend previous estimates of its sublimation rate down to a temperature of 40 K, typical of the permanently shaded craters near the lunar poles where the water ice is presumed to be trapped. I find that, for temperatures below 70 K, the sublimation rate of an exposed ice surface is much less than one molecule of water vapor lost per square centimeter of surface per hour. But even if a small ice sample (similar to 4 ng) were heated to 150 K, it could exist for over two hours without sublimating a significant fraction of its mass. Hence, carefully designed sampling and sample handling should be able to preserve water ice obtained near the lunar poles for an accurate measurement of its in situ concentration. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Andreas, EL (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM eandreas@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 30 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JAN PY 2007 VL 186 IS 1 BP 24 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2006.08.024 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 125XA UT WOS:000243475600003 ER PT J AU Bryant, R Moran, MS Thoma, DP Collins, CDH Skirvin, S Rahman, M Slocum, K Starks, P Bosch, D Dugo, MPG AF Bryant, R. Moran, M. S. Thoma, D. P. Collins, C. D. Holifield Skirvin, S. Rahman, M. Slocum, K. Starks, P. Bosch, D. Gonzalez Dugo, M. P. TI Measuring surface roughness height to parameterize radar backscatter models for retrieval of surface soil moisture SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS LA English DT Article DE integral equation model (IEM); laser radar; modeling; pinmeter; radar imaging; rough surfaces; roughness measurement; soil moisture measurement ID CALIBRATION AB Surface roughness is a crucial input for radar backscatter models. Roughness measurements of root mean-squared height (h(rms)) of the same surface can vary depending on the measuring instrument and how the data are processed. This letter addresses the error in h(rms) associated with instrument bias and instrument deployment issues such as number and length of measurement transects. It was found that at least 20 transect measurements, 3 m in length, for study sites ranging from 3.5 to 1225 m(2) in size were necessary to get a consistent h(rms), measurement. Also, roughness heights of longer transect lengths were highly dependent on the method of detrending the transects. Finally, soil moisture was predicted by inverting the integral equation model using roughness heights taking into account instrument bias, number of measurements, and the detrending method. For common configurations of the Radarsat sensor and reasonable h(rms) values, error associated with measurement of h(rms) generally exceeded +/- 20% of soil-moisture prediction. C1 USDA, ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. IFAPA Inst Andaluz Invest & Formac Agraria Pesque, Area Prod Ecol & Recursos Nat CIFA Alameda Obispo, Cordoba 14080, Spain. RP Bryant, R (reprint author), USDA, ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RI Gonzalez-Dugo, Maria P./J-4157-2012 OI Gonzalez-Dugo, Maria P./0000-0003-0423-8246 NR 15 TC 40 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1545-598X J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 4 IS 1 BP 137 EP 141 DI 10.1109/LGRS.2006.887146 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 131SO UT WOS:000243890400029 ER PT J AU Djie, HS Dimas, CE Wang, DN Ooi, BS Hwang, JCM Dang, GT Chang, WH AF Djie, Hery Susanto Dimas, Clara E. Wang, Dong-Ning Ooi, Boon-Siew Hwang, James C. M. Dang, Gerard T. Chang, Wayne H. TI InGaAs/GaAs quantum-dot superluminescent diode for optical sensor and imaging SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE broadband light source; optical coherence tomography (OCT); quantum dot (QD); superluminescent diode ID COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY; MU-M; THRESHOLD CURRENT; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; 1.3-MU-M; PERFORMANCE; SPECTRUM; LASERS; FABRICATION; GROWTH AB We report on the design and fabrication of a novel wideband superluminescent diode (SLD) based on InGaAs/GaAs quantum-dot structure. In this device, we monolithically integrate a photon absorber section to suppress lasing action and optical feedback oscillation. The fabricated SLDs produce a close-to-Gaussian shaped spectrum centered at 1210 nm with a bandwidth of 135 nm. Spectral ripple as low as 0.3 dB has been measured. C1 Lehigh Univ, Ctr Opt Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Djie, HS (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Ctr Opt Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM bsooi@lehigh.edu RI Dimas, Clara/C-8884-2011; Ooi, Boon/D-4370-2011 OI Ooi, Boon/0000-0001-9606-5578 NR 31 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2007 VL 7 IS 1-2 BP 251 EP 257 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2006.886884 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 132PB UT WOS:000243953600034 ER PT J AU Wang, JR Racette, PE Piepmeier, JRE Monosmith, B Manning, W AF Wang, James R. Racette, Paul E. Piepmeier, Jeffrey R. E. Monosmith, B. Manning, Will TI Airborne CoSMIR observations between 50 and 183 GHz over snow-covered Sierra Mountains SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE millimeter-wave radiometry; remote sensing; snow; water vapor ID WAVE RADIOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS; WATER-VAPOR; RETRIEVALS; SSM/T-2 AB An airborne Conical Scanning Millimeter-wave Imaging Radiometer (CoSMIR) was developed recently for calibration/validation of the new-generation DMSP F-series microwave radiometer, the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager/ Sounder. The CoSMIR is a total-power radiometer that measures radiation at nine channels over the frequency range of 50-183 GHz. The instrument employs a two-axis gimbaled mechanism to generate the conical scan with periodic calibration. Its scan geometry is software programmable and can be designed to serve the scientific requirements of an experiment. A series of CoSMIR flights was conducted over the coastal regions of California in March and December of 2004, in which the instrument was programmed to acquire both conical and across-track scan data sets simultaneously. Two of these flights on March 25 and December 2 contained segments over the snow-covered Sierra Mountain Range and were selected to demonstrate the novel features of this new instrument. C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. USA, Operat Test Command, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. RP Wang, JR (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JAN PY 2007 VL 45 IS 1 BP 55 EP 61 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2006.885410 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 121QU UT WOS:000243172900005 ER PT J AU Kathe, EL Mallick, JA AF Kathe, Eric L. Mallick, John A. TI Monolithic backbone railgun SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology CY MAY 22-25, 2006 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP European Electromagnet Launch Soc, Inst Adv Technol, Univ Texas Austin DE eddy currents; railguns; strain control; weapons ID ULTRA-STIFF; ELECTROMAGNETIC GUN; DESIGN; BORE; CONTAINMENT; FABRICATION; LIGHTWEIGHT AB The vast majority of all operational railguns in the world employ a metallic containment housing. Often composed of thousands of precision sheet metal laminates to prevent induced eddy currents, the launchers are labor intensive to build. The backbone railgun provides a monolithic metallic containment structure. Induced eddy currents are inhibited by the introduction of a large number of slits along the length of the launcher that achieve an effect analogous to traditional laminates. It is anticipated that the machining of slits from a monolithic launcher will lend itself to factory automation far more so than assembling a full length launcher from thousands of individual metal laminates. The principal advantages are: 1) elimination of stack-up tolerances; 2) producibility; and 3) stiffness. This paper will refine the concept and include an assessment of its ability to achieve magnetic transparency relative to traditional designs. C1 USA, Res Dev & Engn Commands Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. Univ Texas, Inst Adv Technol, Austin, TX 78759 USA. RP Kathe, EL (reprint author), USA, Res Dev & Engn Commands Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. EM eric.kathe@us.army.mil NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 43 IS 1 SI SI BP 145 EP 149 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2006.887681 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 123IB UT WOS:000243288500014 ER PT J AU Tzeng, JT Sung, W AF Tzeng, Jerorrie T. Sung, Wei TI Dynamic response of cantilevered rail guns attributed to projectile/gun interaction - Theory SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology CY MAY 22-25, 2006 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP European Electromagnet Launch Soc, Inst Adv Technol, Univ Texas Austin DE critical velocity; dynamics; electromagnetic gun; railgun AB An analytic approach is proposed to investigate the dynamic behavior of laboratory rail guns resulting from launching a projectile. The rail gun is modeled as a beam of finite length sitting on an elastic foundation with cantilevered support at the breech end of rails. The structural response of the rail is governed by a transient fourth-order differential equation with an extra term of elastic support (containment and insulator) subjected to a transient forcing function (a moving magnetic pressure). The complete solution of the governing equation is derived and illustrated in details. The displacement solution can be further derived to obtain strain and stress profile as well as dynamic response of the rail gun. This paper mainly reports the theoretic solution which provides a step forward to predict the dynamic behavior of rail guns. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Tzeng, JT (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jtzeng@arl.army.mil NR 6 TC 21 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 43 IS 1 SI SI BP 207 EP 213 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2006.887444 PN 2 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 123IB UT WOS:000243288500027 ER PT J AU Barshaw, EJ White, J Chait, MJ Cornette, JB Bustamante, J Folli, F Biltchick, D Borelli, G Picci, G Rabuffi, M AF Barshaw, E. J. White, J. Chait, M. J. Cornette, J. B. Bustamante, J. Folli, F. Biltchick, D. Borelli, G. Picci, G. Rabuffi, M. TI High energy density (HED) biaxially-oriented poly-propylene (BOPP) capacitors for pulse power applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology CY MAY 22-25, 2006 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP European Electromagnet Launch Soc, Inst Adv Technol, Univ Texas Austin DE electromagnetic armor (EMA); electro-thermal-chemical (ETC) launch; high energy density (HED) capacitors; pulse power AB The Army's Pulse Power For Future Combat System (FCS) Army Technology Objective (ATO) program is developing the high-voltage pulse power components required to allow for the integration of revolutionary survivability and lethality in ground combat vehicles. This paper will describe recent advances in high energy density (RED) biaxially-oriented poly-propylene (BOPP) capacitors. Intermediate energy storage for many pulse power loads is achieved through the use of high energy-density thin-film capacitors, currently utilizing BOPP as the dielectric film of choice. Recent advances in HED BOPP capacitors over the last decade have resulted in the energy density more than doubling from similar to 0.5 J/cc in the early 1990s to similar to 1.2 J/cc in the 2003-2004 timeframe while still possessing reasonable direct current (dc) life and shot life. Further research has resulted in HED capacitors with energy densities of 2.0 J/cc at reduced shot and do life levels which are candidates for applications in which the number of shots are not critical to the application. Current research and development efforts through SAIC and Advance Capacitor Inc/ICAR (ACI/ICAR) are being pursued with the goal of developing > 1.8 J/cc while maintaining reasonable do and shot life. In addition, efforts are also' ongoing to develop exceptionally long dc-life HED capacitors. C1 USA, RDECOM, TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. SAIC, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Adv Capacitor Inc ICAR, I-20052 Monza, MI, Italy. RP Barshaw, EJ (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. EM barshaw2@tacom.army.mil NR 3 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 30 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 43 IS 1 SI SI BP 223 EP 225 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2006.887682 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 123IB UT WOS:000243288500030 ER PT J AU Barshaw, EJ White, J Danielson, G Chait, MJ Frazier, G Dixon, B Marinos, B Milner, D AF Barshaw, E. J. White, J. Danielson, G. Chait, M. J. Frazier, G. Dixon, B. Marinos, B. Milner, D. TI Integration and test of a second generation dual purpose pulse forming network into the P&E HWIL SIL SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology CY MAY 22-25, 2006 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP European Electromagnet Launch Soc, Inst Adv Technol, Univ Texas Austin DE electro-magnetic armor (EMA); electro-thermal-chemical (ETC) launch; pulse forming network (PFN); pulse power AB A second-generation dual purpose pulse forming network (DP-PFN) has been developed to power both the electro-thermal-chemical (ETC)/electro-thermal-ignition (ETI) lethality capability and the electro-magnetic armor (EMA) survivability capability improvements envisioned for future hybrid-electric vehicles. ETI decreases the ignition variability associated with the launching of conventional munitions by roughly a factor of ten which, in conjunction with the systems ballistic computer, greatly enhances hit probability of the round. ETC provides maximum performance in all conditions, including temperature compensation, resulting in increased lethality and range with higher average muzzle velocities. EMA uses stored electric energy to disrupt a shaped-charge jet and reduce it's depth of penetration. The second-generation DP-PFN for driving both ETI/ETC and EMA emulators is scheduled to be integrated into the power and energy (P&E) hardware-in-the-loop (HWIL) System Integration Laboratory (SIL) in Santa Clara, CA, in 2006. The DP-PFN is capable of providing either the short pulse lengths required by the EMA or the considerably longer pulse lengths required by the ETI/ETC gun as well as emulating various "degraded functionality" states such as loss of individual capacitors. Integration of this DP-PFN marks another great milestone for the SIL, ensuring that it continues to be capable of emulating all the major hybrid-electric mobility functions of a ground combat vehicle as well as the major lethality and survivability electrical loads. This paper describes the DP-PFN components, the overall DP-PFN design philosophy and the planned integration and testing of the DP-PFN in the ME HWIL SIL. C1 USA, RDECOM, TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. SAIC, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Barshaw, EJ (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. EM barshawe@tacom.army.mil NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 43 IS 1 SI SI BP 226 EP 229 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2006.887679 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 123IB UT WOS:000243288500031 ER PT J AU O'Brien, H Shaheen, W Thomas, RL Crowley, T Bayne, SB Scozzie, CJ AF O'Brien, Heather Shaheen, William Thomas, Richard L., Jr. Crowley, Timothy Bayne, Stephen B. Scozzie, Charles J. TI Evaluation of advanced si and SiC switching components for army pulsed power applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology CY MAY 22-25, 2006 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP European Electromagnet Launch Soc, Inst Adv Technol, Univ Texas Austin DE power semiconductor switches; pulse power system switches; pulse shaping circuits; silicon. AB Super gate turn-off thyristors (SGTOs) implemented in both silicon (Si) and silicon carbide (SiC) semiconductors were investigated for high-voltage, high-current pulsed power applications. Modular 80 and 400 kA switches implemented in silicon (2.0-cm(2) dies) and individual SiC switch die (0.16 cm(2)) were evaluated. The Si 80- and 400-kA switches were demonstrated (at ambient temperature) to provide rates of current rise (10%-90% peak current) and peak currents (145-mu s width) of 24 kA/mu s and 92 kA; and 40 kA/mu s and 400 kA, respectively. The Si 80-kA switch was repetitively pulsed 1000 times with no significant performance degradation. The SiC switch die were demonstrated to provide specific rate of current rise and current density of 49 kA/mu s/cm(2) and 56.1 kA/cm(2), which are at least 2.5 times greater than are possible in silicon pulse switches. The SiC switches were repetitively pulsed at 5 Hz up to 99 000 times without failure and were demonstrated to operate at case temperatures up to 150 degrees C. C1 Berkeley Res Associates Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP O'Brien, H (reprint author), Berkeley Res Associates Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM hobrien@arl.army.mil; richard.l.thomas.jr@saic.com; tim.crowley@arl.army.mil; sbayne@arl.army.mil; sscozzie@arl.army.mil NR 7 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 43 IS 1 SI SI BP 259 EP 264 DI 10.1109/TMAV.2006.887690 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 123IB UT WOS:000243288500039 ER PT J AU Beyer, RA Brant, AL AF Beyer, Richard A. Brant, Andrew L. TI Plasma ignition in a 30-mm cannon SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology CY MAY 22-25, 2006 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP European Electromagnet Launch Soc, Inst Adv Technol, Univ Texas Austin DE cannon; ignition; plasma; propellant AB Plasma ignition of conventional propelling charges has been studied in a 30-mm cannon using plasma generated in a capillary external to the charge. It is shown that the interaction distance for strong response from a propellant is limited even for this caliber, which may have implications for pressure wave formation during ignition. The use of confinement of a portion of the charge for enhanced ignition is shown to result in the most prompt ignition. However, with JA2 propellant, direct action of the plasma on the charge produces good results. The effect of plasma pulse length is explored; observations that enhanced radiation from high peak power that increases propellant response to plasma are discussed. A limited comparison of the response of JA2 and M30 propellants has been made. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Beyer, RA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM richard.beyer@us.army.mil NR 5 TC 5 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 43 IS 1 SI SI BP 294 EP 298 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2006.887689 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 123IB UT WOS:000243288500046 ER PT J AU Dyvik, J Herbig, J Appleton, R Reilly, JO Shin, J AF Dyvik, Jahn Herbig, Juleigh Appleton, Randall Reilly, John O' Shin, Jonathan TI Recent activities in electrothermal chemical launcher technologies at BAE systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology CY MAY 22-25, 2006 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP European Electromagnet Launch Soc, Inst Adv Technol, Univ Texas Austin DE combat vehicles; ETC technology; system integration AB The three-year line of sight/beyond line of sight (LOS/BLOS) electrothermal chemical (ETC) launcher program, funded by the U.S. Army's Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC), Picatinny Arsenal, is a comprehensive effort to advance ETC launcher technologies. The program includes development of ETC plasma injectors for 120-mm M829A2s, build of a 100-kJ pulsed power supply small and robust enough to be realistically integrated into a combat vehicle, improvement of power connections to the gun to allow electromagnetic field containment and automated connection to the round, and tests of the completed ETC system with various chemical propellants and electrical energy levels. As part of the LOSBLOS program, a new, coaxial version of BAE Systems' Basepad plasma injector has been developed and tested successfully in XM36, XM291, and M256 cannons. The Basepad's coaxial design effectively insulates the gun breech, thus preventing any part of the gun from being part of the high-voltage discharge circuit. A compact electrothermal ignition pulsed power supply (ETITPS) has been designed, built, and tested. Including its own high-voltage charger, actuation circuitry, safety systems, and peripherals, ETIPPS's low weight and volume make it easily small enough for vehicle integration, as was demonstrated in a concurrent effort that included ETC firings from a combat vehicle. Test firings, currently ongoing, have validated the system architecture and performance and continue to supply data on performance at different temperatures, electrical energy levels, propellant loading, and propellant type. These tests demonstrate many of the benefits of ETC launchers including improved accuracy from precision ignition; maximum performance potential across all temperatures ranges (temperature compensation); and reliable ignition of new, high-energy, high-density, and in some cases low-vulnerability propellants. The system-wide approach of the LOSBLOS electrothermal launcher program has advanced ETC technology significantly towards field readiness. C1 BAE Syst Land & Armaments LP, Armaments Syst Div, Minneapolis, MN 55421 USA. USA, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Dyvik, J (reprint author), BAE Syst Land & Armaments LP, Armaments Syst Div, Minneapolis, MN 55421 USA. EM Jahn.Dyvik@baesystems.com NR 5 TC 25 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 43 IS 1 SI SI BP 303 EP 307 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2006.887707 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 123IB UT WOS:000243288500048 ER PT J AU Keidar, M Boyd, ID Williams, A Beyer, R AF Keidar, Michael Boyd, Iain D. Williams, Anthony Beyer, Richard TI Ablation study in a capillary sustained discharge SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology CY MAY 22-25, 2006 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP European Electromagnet Launch Soc, Inst Adv Technol, Univ Texas Austin DE ablation; capillary discharge; electrothermal chmical (ETC); plasma; propellant ID ELECTROTHERMAL LAUNCHERS; PLASMA IGNITION; MODEL; PROPELLANT; COMBUSTION; ARCS; JA2 AB Electrothermal-chemical ignition systems have been demonstrated in gun systems to provide desirable characteristics including reproducible shorter ignition delays. We present a combined theoretical and experimental study of the capillary discharge with an aim to develop a capillary plasma source with efficient energy conversion. The major emphasis in the present capillary discharge model is the ablation phenomenon. Consideration is given to different characteristic subregions near the ablated surface: namely, a space-charge sheath, a Knudsen layer, and a hydrodynamic layer. A kinetic approach is used to determine the parameters at the interface between the kinetic Knudsen layer and the hydrodynamic layer. Coupling the solution of the nonequilibrium Knudsen layer with the hydrodynamic layer provides a self-consistent solution for the ablation rate. According to the model predictions, the peak electron temperature is about 1.4 eV, the polyethylene surface temperature is about 700 K, and the pressure is about 10 MPa in the case of a 0.6 kJ discharge. In parallel, a parametric experimental study of the capillary ablation process is conducted. The ablation rates are measured for capillary tubes made of polyethylene and Teflon. Both experimental measurements and simulations indicate that the ablated mass increases with the peak discharge current and that a smaller diameter capillary yields a larger ablated mass. It is found that model predictions agree well with experimental measurements. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Keidar, M (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM keidar@umich.edu NR 22 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 43 IS 1 SI SI BP 308 EP 312 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2006.887672 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 123IB UT WOS:000243288500049 ER PT J AU Muller, PC Bukowski, EF Katulka, GL Peregino, P AF Muller, Peter C. Bukowski, Edward F. Katulka, Gary L. Peregino, Philip TI Flight test and recovery of gun-launched instrumented projectiles using high-G onboard recording techniques SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology CY MAY 22-25, 2006 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP European Electromagnet Launch Soc, Inst Adv Technol, Univ Texas Austin DE ballistics; flight-testing; high-g recorders; instrumented projectiles AB Researchers at the Weapons and Materials Research Directorate of the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) have recently completed experimental testing with a G-hardened gun-launched miniature instrumentation package that fits within the projectile fuze cavity for obtaining realistic in-bore, deceleration, and projectile impact data. This device consists of an accelerometer and a digital recorder that is designed for the reliable capture of ballistic data during projectile launch, flight, and target impact. During recent flight test evaluation at the ARL, Aberdeen Proving Ground, projectiles containing this device were tested with a telemetry link as well as recovery and direct downloading of onboard recorded data. For projectile impact studies both concrete and bunker targets were successfully engaged. This methodology of onboard data recording has been shown to provide a reliable and high-fidelity characterization of projectile in-bore and impact events critical for advanced munitions designers. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Muller, PC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM muller@arl.army.mil NR 5 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 43 IS 1 SI SI BP 388 EP 390 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2006.887604 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 123IB UT WOS:000243288500065 ER PT S AU Jones, AS Combs, CL Lakhankar, T Longmore, S Haar, THV McWilliams, G Mungiole, M Mason, G AF Jones, Andrew S. Combs, Cynthia L. Lakhankar, Tarendra Longmore, Scott Haar, Thomas H. Vonder McWilliams, Gary Mungiole, Michael Mason, George GP IEEE TI NPOESS soil moisture satellite data assimilation:Progress using WindSat data SO IGARSS: 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-12: SENSING AND UNDERSTANDING OUR PLANET SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 23-27, 2007 CL Barcelona, SPAIN SP IEEE DE soil moistures; data assimilation; passive microwave ID VARIATIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; OBSERVATIONAL OPERATOR; INFORMATION-CONTENT; RADIANCES; ALGORITHM AB In this work, we have developed a four-dimensional coupled atmospheric/land data assimilation framework using the Regional Atmospheric Modeling Data Assimilation System (RAMDAS) to retrieve deep soil moisture profiles. Passive microwave data from CORIOLIS WindSat are used as a surrogate for future National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) microwave sensors. Current efforts are focused on the use of the system for a case study occurring in September 2003. C1 [Jones, Andrew S.; Combs, Cynthia L.; Lakhankar, Tarendra; Longmore, Scott; Haar, Thomas H. Vonder] CIRA CSU, Ctr Geosci Atmospher Res, Ft Collins, CO USA. [McWilliams, Gary; Mungiole, Michael] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Mason, George] Army Corp Engn, ERDC, Vicksburg, MS 39183 USA. RP Jones, AS (reprint author), CIRA CSU, Ctr Geosci Atmospher Res, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM jones@cira.colostate.edu RI Jones, Andrew/D-3291-2012 OI Jones, Andrew/0000-0002-0995-4957 FU This work was supported by the DoD Center for Geosciences/Atmospheric Research at Colorado State University under the Cooperative Agreements [DAAD19-02-2-0005, W911NF-06-2-0015]; Army Research Laboratory; NPOESS Inter Governmental Studies (IGS) Program FX This work was supported by the DoD Center for Geosciences/Atmospheric Research at Colorado State University under the Cooperative Agreements DAAD19-02-2-0005 and W911NF-06-2-0015 with the Army Research Laboratory and by the NPOESS Inter Governmental Studies (IGS) Program. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4244-1211-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2007 BP 1185 EP 1187 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423016 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BHV03 UT WOS:000256657301081 ER PT S AU Eslinger, OJ Ballard, JR Hines, AM AF Eslinger, Owen J. Ballard, Jerrell R., Jr. Hines, Amanda M. GP IEEE TI A rapid meshing technique for simulations of near-surface phenomena involving remote sensing technology SO IGARSS: 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-12: SENSING AND UNDERSTANDING OUR PLANET SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 23-27, 2007 CL Barcelona, SPAIN SP IEEE DE meshing; finite elements; mesh smoothing; object insertion AB A technique is presented for rapidly producing finite element meshes in support of large-scale remote sensing simulations. These unstructured tetrahedral meshes typically have more than one million elements and more than 250 thousand nodes, and allow for arbitrary placement of objects into the scene. They can be reproduced in less than 30 minutes on a Cray XT3 architecture. Open-source mesh generation packages are used in conjunction with a tetrahedra element smoothing operation to achieve the desired final meshes. The resulting generated meshes used by a suite of thermal models and corresponding meteorological inputs provide the spatial distribution of near-surface thermal exitance. C1 [Eslinger, Owen J.; Ballard, Jerrell R., Jr.; Hines, Amanda M.] US Army Corps Engn, US Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Eslinger, OJ (reprint author), US Army Corps Engn, US Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. EM Owen.J.Eslinger@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4244-1211-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2007 BP 2852 EP 2855 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423438 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BHV03 UT WOS:000256657303049 ER PT B AU Johnson, DW Ballard, JR Leese, D Eslinger, OJ AF Johnson, Darrell Wesley, Jr. Ballard, Jerrell R., Jr. Leese, David Eslinger, Owen J. GP IEEE TI Apparent soil thermal diffusivity determination method for use in thermal Modeling SO IGARSS: 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-12: SENSING AND UNDERSTANDING OUR PLANET SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 23-27, 2007 CL Barcelona, SPAIN SP IEEE DE amplitude and logarithmic methods; thermal diffusivity AB The purpose of this study is to develop a stable apparent soil thermal diffusivity determination method for long-term scenarios that can be applied to thermal modeling. The apparent soil thermal diffusivities for three different data collections were calculated using two different analytical methods known as the amplitude and logarithmic methods. The three data collections were controlled and in-situ measurements gathered from a dirt-filled bucket and two separate arid, desert regions, respectively. Results for the data collected from the dirt-filled bucket show analytical stability for depths of 2cm-16cm, while results for the first arid, desert region show an apparent possibility for analytical soil layer change detection. Results for the second arid, desert region showed relative analytical stability with some larger variations occurring during seasonal changes. As a whole, the results strongly suggest that a stable apparent soil thermal diffusivity determination method has been developed that can be used to study long-term scenarios and aid in the thermal modeling of regions similar to those in this study. C1 [Johnson, Darrell Wesley, Jr.; Ballard, Jerrell R., Jr.; Leese, David; Eslinger, Owen J.] USA, Ctr Res & Dev, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Johnson, DW (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res & Dev, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1211-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2007 BP 4784 EP 4787 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BHV03 UT WOS:000256657304094 ER PT B AU Nasrabadi, NM AF Nasrabadi, Nasser M. GP IEEE TI Penalized spectral matched filter for target detection in hyperspectral imagery SO IGARSS: 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-12: SENSING AND UNDERSTANDING OUR PLANET SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 23-27, 2007 CL Barcelona, SPAIN SP IEEE DE spectral matched filte; regularization; hyperspectral imagery; automatic target recognition; shrinkage AB This paper describes a new adaptive spectral matched filter that incorporates the idea of regularization (shrinkage) to penalize and shrink the filter coefficients to a range of values. The regularization has the effect of restricting the possible matched filters (models) to a subset which are more stable and have better performance than the non-regularized adaptive spectral matched filters. The effect of regularization depends on the form of the regularization term and the amount of regularization is controlled by so called regularization coefficient. In this paper the sum-of-squares of the filter coefficients is used as the regularization term and several different values for the regularization coefficient are tested. Experimental results for detecting targets in hyperspectral imagery are presented for regularized and non-regularized spectral matched filters. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Nasrabadi, NM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1211-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2007 BP 4830 EP 4833 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BHV03 UT WOS:000256657304106 ER PT J AU Coster, TS Wolf, MK Hall, ER Cassels, FJ Taylor, DN Liu, CT Trespalacios, FC DeLorimier, A Angleberger, DR McQueen, CE AF Coster, T. S. Wolf, M. K. Hall, E. R. Cassels, F. J. Taylor, D. N. Liu, C. T. Trespalacios, F. C. DeLorimier, A. Angleberger, D. R. McQueen, C. E. TI Immune response, ciprofloxacin activity, and gender differences after human experimental challenge by two strains of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID COLONIZATION FACTOR ANTIGENS; IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; HEAT-LABILE ENTEROTOXIN; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; MILK IMMUNOGLOBULIN; MILITARY-PERSONNEL; DIARRHEAL DISEASE; ORAL IMMUNIZATION; SECRETING CELLS AB In order to test vaccines against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-induced diarrhea, challenge models are needed. In this study we compared clinical and immunological responses after North American volunteers were orally challenged by two ETEC strains. Groups of approximately eight volunteers received 109 or 1010 CFU of E. coli B7A (LT+ ST+ CS6(+)) or 10(8) or 10(9) CFU of E. coli H10407 (LT+ ST+ CFA/I+). About 75% of the volunteers developed diarrhea after challenge with 10(10) CFU B7A or either dose of H10407. B7A had a shorter incubation period than H10407 (P = 0.001) and caused milder illness; the mean diarrheal output after H10407 challenge was nearly twice that after B7A challenge (P = 0.01). Females had more abdominal complaints, and males had a higher incidence of fever. Ciprofloxacin generally diminished or stopped symptoms and shedding by the second day of antibiotic treatment, but four subjects shed for one to four additional days. The immune responses to colonization factors CS6 and colonization factor antigen I (CFA/I) and to heat-labile toxin (LT) were measured. The responses to CFA/I were the most robust responses; all volunteers who received H10407 had serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG responses, and all but one volunteer had antibody-secreting cell (ASC) responses. One-half the volunteers who received B7A had an ASC response to CS6, and about one-third had serum IgA or IgG responses. Despite the differences in clinical illness and immune responses to colonization factors, the immune responses to LT were similar in all groups and were intermediate between the CFA/I and CS6 responses. These results provide standards for immune responses after ETEC vaccination. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Regulated Activ, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Wolf, MK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Regulated Activ, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Marcia.Wolf@amedd.army.mil NR 60 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 75 IS 1 BP 252 EP 259 DI 10.1128/IAI.01131-06 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 122MG UT WOS:000243230500027 PM 17074855 ER PT J AU Bozue, J Cote, CK Moody, KL Welkos, SL AF Bozue, J. Cote, C. K. Moody, K. L. Welkos, S. L. TI Fully virulent Bacillus anthracis does not require the immunodominant protein BclA for pathogenesis SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; SPORE GERMINATION; GUINEA-PIGS; EXOSPORIUM; MACROPHAGES; VACCINE; IDENTIFICATION; ANTIBODIES; EFFICACY; CEREUS AB The BclA protein is the immunodominant epitope on the surface of Bacillus anthracis spores; however, its roles in pathogenesis are unclear. We constructed a BclA deletion mutant (bclA) of the fully virulent Ames strain. This derivative retained full virulence in several small-animal models of infection despite the bclA deletion. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Welkos, SL (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM susan.welkos@amedd.army.mil NR 31 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 75 IS 1 BP 508 EP 511 DI 10.1128/IAI.01202-06 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 122MG UT WOS:000243230500055 PM 17074844 ER PT J AU Ressner, RA Hospenthal, DR AF Ressner, Roseanne A. Hospenthal, Duane R. TI Phaeohyphomycosis (infection due to dark-walled fungi) SO INFECTIONS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE phaeohyphomycosis; dark-walled fungi; dematiaceous fungi ID CEREBRAL PHEOHYPHOMYCOSIS; CRYPTOCOCCUS-NEOFORMANS; DEMATIACEOUS FUNGI; THERAPY; MELANIN; VIRULENCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DERMATITIDIS C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Herbert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCP COMMUNICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 134 W 29TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001-5304 USA SN 0749-6524 J9 INFECT MED JI Infect. Med. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 24 IS 1 BP 45 EP 48A PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 130WW UT WOS:000243830700012 ER PT J AU Landrum, H Prybutok, VR Zhang, XN AF Landrum, Hollis Prybutok, Victor R. Zhang, Xiaoni TI A comparison of Magal's service quality instrument with SERVPERF SO INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE service quality; usefulness; user self-efficacy; information quality; SERVQUAL; SERVPERF ID CONFIRMATORY FACTOR-ANALYSIS; SERVQUAL SCALE; MODEL; SATISFACTION; SUCCESS AB The role of service quality has become critical to the success of organizations. Therefore, it is important to use a reliable instrument to measure information service quality. SERVQUAL is a popular instrument for doing this, but, though widely used, it has been criticized for its reliability and validity. Use of the performance measures from SERVQUAL to form SERVPERF has addressed some of these issues. However, Magal's instrument on information center success was found effective within a service context because of its service orientation. In our study, we therefore compared Magal's instrument with the SERVPERF instrument in predicting satisfaction and usefulness; we found that Magal's instrument had predictive advantages in determining future usefulness and satisfaction. An important result was to show that our results supported the use of Magal's instrument as an alternative to SERVQUAL for researchers and managers interested in service quality assessment. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 No Kentucky Univ, Coll Informat, Dept Business Informat, Highland Hts, KY 41099 USA. Coll Business Adm, Informat Technol & Decis Sci Dept, Denton, TX 76203 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Zhang, XN (reprint author), No Kentucky Univ, Coll Informat, Dept Business Informat, Highland Hts, KY 41099 USA. EM hlandrum@att.net; prybutok@unt.edu; zhangx@nku.edu OI Prybutok, Victor/0000-0003-3810-9039 NR 49 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 25 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7206 J9 INFORM MANAGE-AMSTER JI Inf. Manage. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 44 IS 1 BP 104 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.im.2006.11.002 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science; Management SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science; Business & Economics GA 129QF UT WOS:000243743300009 ER PT S AU Driggers, RG Moyer, S Krapels, K Larsen, L Fanning, J Hixson, JG Vollmerhausen, RH AF Driggers, Ronald G. Moyer, Steve Krapels, Keith Larsen, Lou Fanning, Jonathan Hixson, Jonathan G. Vollmerhausen, Richard H. BE Holst, GC TI Direct view optics model for facial identification - art. no. 65430F SO Infrared Imaging Systems: Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII CY APR 11-13, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE AB Direct view optics is a class of sensors to include the human eye and the human eye coupled to rifle scopes, spotter scopes, binoculars, and telescopes. The target acquisition model for direct view optics is based on the contrast threshold function of the eye with a modification for the optics modulation transfer function and the optical magnification. In this research, we extend the direct view model for the application of facial identification. The model is described and the experimental method for calibrating the task of human facial identification is discussed. C1 USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Driggers, RG (reprint author), USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6665-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6543 BP F5430 EP F5430 AR 65430F DI 10.1117/12.724743 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGR08 UT WOS:000249892800012 ER PT S AU Richardson, P Miller, B Ra, C Tran, V Kang, R AF Richardson, Phil Miller, Brian Ra, Chun Tran, Vinh Kang, Robin BE Holst, GC TI Third generation FUR simulation at NVESD - art. no. 65430K SO Infrared Imaging Systems: Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII CY APR 11-13, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE AB Third generation FLIR sensors, comprised of 2-D focal plane arrays with LWIR/MWR detection capability, are to be fielded in the near future and are expected to play an important role in future Army sensor applications. NVESD has an effort underway to produce a simulation package that will bring Third Generation FLIR sensor performance to training and wargaming applications. This simulation product provides a wide variety of targets and backgrounds, both rural and urban, for different seasons, times of day, and atmospheric conditions and is built on the existing NVESD LWIR simulation package and is named NVEOsirn. A sensor effects package, which is part of the simulation, uses standard NVTherm sensor decks to accurately simulate the noise, diffraction, resolution, and other design features of individual sensors. C1 USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Richardson, P (reprint author), USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6665-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6543 BP K5430 EP K5430 AR 65430K DI 10.1117/12.725071 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGR08 UT WOS:000249892800017 ER PT S AU Teaney, BP Reynolds, JP O'Connor, J AF Teaney, Brian P. Reynolds, Joseph P. O'Connor, John BE Holst, GC TI Guidance on methods and parameters for Army target acquisition models - art. no. 65430L SO Infrared Imaging Systems: Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII CY APR 11-13, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE target acquisition; modeling AB Recently the U.S. Army Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate released a revision to the target acquisition models. The Targeting Task Performance (TTP) metric represents a significant improvement in the U.S. Army's target acquisition modeling capabilities. The purpose of this paper is to describe the experiments and calculation methodologies behind generating the task difficulty parameter (V-50) value used in the model to predict range performance. Included in this paper are experimental designs for recognition and identification tasks for various target sets. Based upon the results to these experiments new V-50 values are calculated to provide proper guidance for the most accurate performance predictions possible. C1 USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Teaney, BP (reprint author), USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6665-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6543 BP L5430 EP L5430 AR 65430L DI 10.1117/12.734511 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGR08 UT WOS:000249892800018 ER PT S AU Burks, SD Reynolds, JP Hixson, J Teaney, B Vollinerhausen, R AF Burks, Stephen D. Reynolds, Joseph P. Hixson, Jonathan Teaney, Brian Vollinerhausen, Richard BE Holst, GC TI Electronic zoom functionality in under-sampled imaging systems - art. no. 65430M SO Infrared Imaging Systems: Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII CY APR 11-13, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE E-zoom; target acquisition model; TTP metric; Johnson criteria; NVTherm; under-sampled imaging systems AB US Army thermal target acquisition models based on the Johnson metric do not accurately predict sensor performance with electronic zoom (E-zoom). For this reason, NVTherm2002 removed the limiting E-zoom Modulation Transfer Functions (MTF) to agree better with measured performance results. In certain scenarios, especially with under-sampled staring sensors, the model shows incorrect performance improvements with E-zoomed images. The current Army model NVThennIP, based upon the new targeting task performance (TTP) metric, more accurately models range performance in these cases. E-zoom provides system design flexibility when limited to a single optical field-of-view and/or eye distance is constrained by ergonomic factors. This paper demonstrates that targeting acquisition range performance, modeled using the TTP metric, shows increases only up to an optimized magnification and then decreases beyond this optimal value. A design "rule of thumb" is provided to determine this optimal magnification. NVThermIP modeled range performance is supported with E-zoom perception experiment results. C1 USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Burks, SD (reprint author), USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6665-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6543 BP M5430 EP M5430 AR 65430M DI 10.1117/12.723540 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGR08 UT WOS:000249892800019 ER PT S AU Hodgkin, VA Maurer, T Halford, C Vollmerhausen, R AF Hodgkin, Van A. Maurer, Tana Halford, Carl Vollmerhausen, Richard BE Holst, GC TI Impact of path radiance on MWIR and LWIR imaging - art. no. 65430O SO Infrared Imaging Systems: Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII CY APR 11-13, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE AB Atmospheric radiance occurs in both the MWIR and LWIR primarily as a consequence of thermal emission by the gases and aerosols in the atmosphere. If this radiation originates between a scene and a thermal imaging sensor, it's called path radiance. In thermal IR imagery, path radiance reduces scene radiation contrast at the entrance pupil. For ground based sensors, this effect would be most significant in search systems with wide fields of view (WFOV) that image a large range depth of field. In WFOV search systems, the sensor display gain and level are typically adjusted to optimize the contrast of targets and backgrounds at the closer ranges. Without compensation in WFOV imagery, high path radiance can mask distant targets in the detection process. However, in narrow fields of view (NFOV), path radiance can have less of an impact since targets and backgrounds will be at about the same range and thus have the same path radiance. As long as the NFOV radiation contrast exceeds the system noise, sensor display gain and level adjustments, or image processing, if available, can be used to boost the contrast at the display. However, there are some imaging conditions that are beyond compensation by display contrast adjustments or image processing. Using MODTRAN, this paper examines the potential impacts of path radiance from the phenomenological point of view on target-tobackground contrast and signatures (AT) for dual band thermal imaging systems. C1 USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Hodgkin, VA (reprint author), USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6665-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6543 BP O5430 EP O5430 AR 65430O DI 10.1117/12.721364 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGR08 UT WOS:000249892800021 ER PT S AU Moore, MN O'Connor, JD AF Moore, Michelle N. O'Connor, John D. BE Holst, GC TI Silhouette and background information analysis - art. no. 65430R SO Infrared Imaging Systems: Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII CY APR 11-13, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE silhouette; modeling; target signature; infrared; delta T; human perception AB Thermal target identification testing was conducted to explore some of the potential differences in the perception of ID cues in conventional gray shade images, and those same target images when rendered as various types of silhouette, including one with no background. Such experiments may give insight into the human target identification and discrimination tasks relevant to emerging laser-based imaging technology. For example, laser range gating is known to produce silhouetted grey shade targets with a single grey shade background like the ones included here. Well-understood thermal imagery of a well-understood target set was chosen as a convenient and relevant baseline image set for initial exploration. Experiments were formed to compare human vehicle ID performance when viewing full gray-shade imagery versus viewing various combinations of silhouette images. Experiments were performed using 1) Original gray-shade imagery, 2) Silhouette (uniform target) with no background (i.e. background consisting of uniform grey shade, 3) silhouette (target) with (original grey shade) background, and 4) Original target with no background. An eight target set was presented at three different aspects. Notional viewing ranges were simulated by applying two levels of Gaussian blur and two down sampling rates to the complete experimental target set. Observer results indicate higher target identification scores for the "target with no background" and "silhouette with no background" imagery than for the original gray shade imagery. However, ID results were lower for "silhouette with background" imagery than for the original imagery. C1 USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Moore, MN (reprint author), USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6665-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6543 BP R5430 EP R5430 AR 65430R DI 10.1117/12.720892 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGR08 UT WOS:000249892800024 ER PT S AU Espinola, RL Teaney, B Nguyen, Q Jacobs, EL Halford, CE Tofsted, DH AF Espinola, Richard L. Teaney, Brian Nguyen, Quang Jacobs, Eddie L. Halford, Carl E. Tofsted, David H. BE Holst, GC TI Active imaging system performance model for target acquisition - art. no. 65430T SO Infrared Imaging Systems: Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII CY APR 11-13, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE laser range gate; infrared sensors; speckle; scintillation AB The U.S. Army RDECOM CERDEC Night Vision & Electronic Sensors Directorate has developed a laser-range-gated imaging system performance model for the detection, recognition, and identification of vehicle targets. The model is based on the established US Army RDECOM CERDEC NVESD sensor performance models of the human system response through an imaging system. ne Java-based model, called NVLRG, accounts for the effect of active illumination, atmospheric attenuation, and turbulence effects relevant to LRG imagers, such as speckle and scintillation, and for the critical sensor and display components. This model can be used to assess the performance of recently proposed active SWIR systems through various trade studies. This paper will describe the NVLRG model in detail, discuss the validation of recent model components, present initial trade study results, and outline plans to validate and calibrate the end-to-end model with field data through human perception testing. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensor Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Espinola, RL (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensor Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6665-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6543 BP T5430 EP T5430 AR 65430T DI 10.1117/12.719714 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGR08 UT WOS:000249892800026 ER PT S AU Teaney, BP Hixson, JG Blecha, B AF Teaney, Brian P. Hixson, Jonathan G. Blecha, Bill BE Holst, GC TI Modeling the effects of high contrast and saturated images on target acquisition performance - art. no. 65430X SO Infrared Imaging Systems: Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII CY APR 11-13, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE scene contrast temperature; target acquisition; image contrast AB Most infrared sensors allow for adjustment of the sensors gain and level settings. This adjustment of gain and level effects the contrast of the output image. This process is accounted for in the current US Army thermal target acquisition model (NVThermIP), using the scene contrast temperature. By changing the scene contrast temperature in NVThermIP, the system gain can be modified to reflect varying contrast levels presented at the display. In this paper, the results of perception experiments dealing with image contrast and saturation are reviewed. These results are compared with predicted performance based on the target task difficulty metric used in NVThermIP. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Teaney, BP (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6665-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6543 BP X5430 EP X5430 AR 65430X DI 10.1117/12.720923 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGR08 UT WOS:000249892800030 ER PT S AU Cha, JH Abbott, AL AF Cha, Jae H. Abbott, A. Lynn BE Holst, GC TI Designing an error metric for super-resolution enhanced IR passive ranging - art. no. 65430Y SO Infrared Imaging Systems: Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII CY APR 11-13, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE passive ranging; super-resolution reconstruction; stereo analysis; sample-scene phasing AB Assessment of image resolution enhancement on range estimation using stereo vision systems provides valuable insight to the design and feasibility of advanced passive ranging systems. Application of such enhancements to stereo analysis for visible-band cameras has shown promising results in the past. These methods need to be extended to the infrared band for a day/night operational capability and, in particular, the performance of uncooled infrared sensors needs to be quantified. Here how resolution enhancement affects the estimation of "stereo disparity", a quantity that directly relates to range, is examined empirically using a low-resolution uncooled staring infrared camera, and the results are analyzed with respect to measured data. Currently available resolution enhancement algorithms such as those based on Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods are utilized. The variance of disparity estimation error is chosen as a metric for performance, and is examined as a function of algorithm parameters, target-to-background differential temperature, image noise, and baseline distance. Based on the metric, an empirical model for performance gain is introduced. Overall, resolution enhancement processing is beneficial to stereo disparity estimation especially when signal-to-noise ratio is high, and when sample-scene phasing impedes the accuracy of estimation. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Cha, JH (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6665-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6543 BP Y5430 EP Y5430 AR 65430Y DI 10.1117/12.723411 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGR08 UT WOS:000249892800031 ER PT S AU Fanning, J Miller, J Park, J Tener, G Reynolds, J O'Shea, P Halford, C Driggers, R AF Fanning, Jonathan Miller, Justin Park, Jennifer Tener, Gene Reynolds, Joseph O'Shea, Patrick Halford, Carl Driggers, Ron BE Holst, GC TI IR system field performance with superresolution - art. no. 65430Z SO Infrared Imaging Systems: Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII CY APR 11-13, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE superresolution; XR; 3-D noise; frame averaging; frame integration; NVThermIP ID TARGET RECOGNITION; IDENTIFICATION; IMAGERY AB Superresolution processing is currently being used to improve the performance of infrared imagers through an increase in sampling, the removal of aliasing, and the reduction of fixed-pattem noise. The performance improvement of superresolution has not been previously tested on military targets. This paper presents the results of human perception experiments to determine field performance on the NVESD standard military eight (8)-target set using a prototype LWIR camera. These experiments test and compare human performance of both still images and movie clips, each generated with and without superresolution processing. Lockheed Martin's XR (R) algorithm is tested as a specific example of a modern combined superresolution. and image processing algorithm. Basic superresolution with no additional processing is tested to help determine the benefit of separate processes. The superresolution processing is modeled in NVThermIP for comparison to the perception test. The measured range to 70% probability of identification using XR (R) is increased by approximately 34% while the 50% range is increased by approximately 19% for this camera. A comparison case is modeled using a more undersampled commercial MWIR sensor that predicts a 45% increase in range performance from superresolution. C1 USA, Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Fanning, J (reprint author), USA, Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6665-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6543 BP Z5430 EP Z5430 AR 65430Z DI 10.1117/12.720912 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGR08 UT WOS:000249892800032 ER PT S AU Pollehn, H Choi, KK Svensson, S Dhar, N AF Pollehn, Herbert Choi, K. K. Svensson, Stefan Dhar, Nibir BE Andresen, BF Fulop, GF Norton, PR TI IR material research at the Army Research Laboratory - art. no. 65420C SO Infrared Technology and Applications XXXIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Technology and Applications XXXIII CY APR 09-13, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; HGCDTE PHOTOVOLTAIC DETECTORS; WAVELENGTH INFRARED HGCDTE; FOCAL-PLANE ARRAYS; QUANTUM-WELLS; GROWTH; SI; CDZNTE/SI AB Research on Mercury Cadmium Telluride (HgCdTe or MCT) and group III-V based infrared materials is being conducted for the development of advanced, especially large area IR detector and focal plane arrays. The focus of this research has been on materials for Quantum Well Infrared Photo Detectors (QWIPs), Sb based type II superlattice detectors, Silicon based substrates for MCT detectors and MCT detectors with higher operating temperature. Recently research has been initiated in dilute Nitride materials. To improve the quantum efficiency, reproducibility and operating temperature of the QWIP detectors, a corrugated design has been implemented. For superlattice detectors, focal plane arrays for the MWIR spectral band have been successfully demonstrated and good image quality has been obtained. Current efforts are concentrated on achieving high quality materials and passivation techniques for the LWIR spectral band. A recently initiated effort on dilute Nitride materials holds the premise to obtain high quality direct bandgap detectors with III-V materials. For MCT detectors on Si based substrates MWIR detectors have been demonstrated with high quality, but for LWIR detector arrays of sufficient low defect densities have not been obtained on a consistent basis. Recent efforts showing promising results will be discussed. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Pollehn, H (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6664-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6542 BP C5420 EP C5420 AR 65420C DI 10.1117/12.723659 PN 1-2 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGR07 UT WOS:000249892700011 ER PT S AU Wijewarnasuriya, PS Brill, G Chen, Y Dhar, NK Grein, C Velicu, S Emelie, PY Jung, H Sivananthan, S D'Souza, A Stapelbroek, MG Reekstin, J AF Wijewarnasuriya, Priyalal S. Brill, Gregory Chen, Yuanping Dhar, Nibir K. Grein, Chris Velicu, Silviu Emelie, P. Y. Jung, HyeSon Sivananthan, Sivalingam D'Souza, Arvind Stapelbroek, Maryn G. Reekstin, John BE Andresen, BF Fulop, GF Norton, PR TI Pronounced Auger suppression in long wavelength HgCdTe devices grown by molecular ream epitaxy - art. no. 65420G SO Infrared Technology and Applications XXXIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Technology and Applications XXXIII CY APR 09-13, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE Auger suppression; non-equilibrium; PhotoVoltaic devices; arsenic p-type doping; molecular beam epitaxy; HgCdTe ID BEAM EPITAXY; INFRARED DETECTION; RECOMBINATION; HG1-XCDXTE; LIFETIME; PHOTODIODES AB Intrinsic carriers play a dominant role especially in the long wavelength (8-12 mu m cut-off) HgCdTe material near ambient temperatures due to high thermal generation of carriers. This results in low minority carrier lifetimes caused by Auger recombination processes. Consequently, this low lifetime at high temperatures results in high dark currents and subsequently high noise. Cooling is one means of reducing this type of detector noise. However, the challenge is to design photon detectors to achieve background limited performance (BLIP) at the highest possible operating temperature; with the greatest desire being close to ambient temperature operation. We have demonstrated a unique planar device architecture using a novel approach in obtaining low arsenic doping concentrations in HgCdTe. Results indicate Auger suppression in (P) under bar (+)/pi/(N) under bar (+) devices at 300K and have obtained saturation current densities of the order of 3 milli Amps-cm(2) on these devices. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wijewarnasuriya, PS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Brill, Gregory/G-4877-2013 NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6664-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6542 BP G5420 EP G5420 AR 65420G DI 10.1117/12.723162 PN 1-2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGR07 UT WOS:000249892700015 ER PT S AU Meitzler, T Bryk, D Sohn, E Bienkowski, M Smith, G Lane, K Jozwiak, R Moss, T Speece, R Stevenson, C Gregoris, D Ragusa, J AF Meitzler, Thomas Bryk, Darryl Sohn, Euijung Bienkowski, Mary Smith, Gregory Lane, Kimberly Jozwiak, Rachel Moss, Thomas Speece, Robert Stevenson, Charles Gregoris, Dennis Ragusa, James BE Andresen, BF Fulop, GF Norton, PR TI An infrared solution to a national priority NASA ice detection and measurement problem - art. no. 65423I SO Infrared Technology and Applications XXXIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Technology and Applications XXXIII CY APR 09-13, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE ice detection; ice thickness; infrared; space shuttle AB NASA has a serious problem with ice that forms on the cryogenic-filled Space Shuttle External Tank (ET) that could endanger the crew and vehicle. This problem has defied resolution in the past. To find a solution, a cooperative agreement was developed between NASA-Kennedy Space Center (KSC) and the U.S. Army Tank-automotive and Armaments Research, Development & Engineering Center (TARDEC). This paper describes the need, initial investigation, solution methodology, and some results for a mobile near-infrared (IR) ice detection and measurement system developed by MA of Canada and jointly tested by the U.S. Army TARDEC and NASA. Performance results achieved demonstrate that the pre-launch inspection system has the potential to become a critical tool in addressing NASA's ice problem. C1 USA, TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Meitzler, T (reprint author), USA, TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RI Meitzler, Thomas/D-1065-2017 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6664-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2007 VL 6542 BP I5423 EP I5423 AR 65423I DI 10.1117/12.716915 PN 1-2 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGR07 UT WOS:000249892700114 ER PT S AU Choi, KK Devitt, JW Forrai, DP Endres, D Marquis, J Bettge, J Pinsukanjana, P AF Choi, K. K. Devitt, J. W. Forrai, D. P. Endres, D. Marquis, J. Bettge, J. Pinsukanjana, P. BE Andresen, BF Fulop, GF Norton, PR TI C-QWIP material design and growth SO INFRARED TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XXXIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Technology and Applications XXXIII CY APR 09-13, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE QWIP; FPA; NE Delta T AB Recently, large format and high quantum efficiency corrugated quantum well infrared photodetector (C-QWIP) FPAs have been demonstrated. Since the detector light coupling scheme does not alter the intrinsic absorption spectrum of the material, the QWIPs can now be designed with different bandwidths and lineshapes to suit various applications. Meanwhile, the internal optical field distribution of the C-QWIPs is different from that of a grating coupled detector, the material structure thus should be designed and optimized differently with respect to quantum efficiency, conversion efficiency and operating temperature. In this paper, we will provide a framework for the material design. Specifically, we will present a theoretical detector performance model and discuss two specific examples, namely with 9.2 and 10.2 pin cutoff wavelengths. We found that for both lambda(c), the photocurrent to dark current ratio is maximized at an electron doping density N-D of 0.28 x 10(18) cm(-3). The dark current limited detectivity meanwhile reaches a maximum at a higher ND of 0.45 x 1018 cm(-3). But the lowest noise equivalent noise temperature difference is actually obtained at an even higher N-D Of 1.0 X 10(18) cm(-3) due to the larger quantum efficiency, if there are no limitations on the readout charge capacity. These predictions are compared with the data of a 1024 x 1024 C-QWIP FPA hybridized to a fan-out circuit, and the results are consistent. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Choi, KK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-6664-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2007 VL 6542 AR 65420S DI 10.1117/12.718780 PN 1-2 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BGR07 UT WOS:000249892700027 ER PT J AU Whalley, CE McGuire, JM Miller, DB Jakubowski, EM Mioduszewski, RJ Thomson, SA Lumley, LA McDonough, JH Shih, TMA AF Whalley, Christopher E. McGuire, Jeffrey M. Miller, Dennis B. Jakubowski, Edward M. Mioduszewski, Robert J. Thomson, Sandra A. Lumley, Lucille A. McDonough, John H. Shih, Tsung-Ming A. TI Kinetics of sarin (GB) following a single sublethal inhalation exposure in the guinea pig SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID H-3 SOMAN; BLOOD; MODEL; MICE; TOXICOKINETICS; METABOLITES; TOXICITY; SAMPLES; TISSUE; AGENTS AB To improve toxicity estimates from sublethal exposures to chemical warfare nerve agents ( CWNA), it is necessary to generate mathematical models of the absorption, distribution, and elimination of nerve agents. However, current models are based on representative data sets generated with different routes of exposure and in different species and are designed to interpolate between limited laboratory data sets to predict a wide range of possible human exposure scenarios. This study was performed to integrate CWNA sublethal toxicity data in male Duncan Hartley guinea pigs. Specific goal was to compare uptake and clearance kinetics of different sublethal doses of sarin ( either 0.1 x or 0.4 x LC50) in blood and tissues of guinea pigs exposed to agent by acute whole- body inhalation exposure after the 60- min LC50 was determined. Arterial catheterization allowed repeated blood sampling from the same animal at various time periods. Blood and tissue levels of acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and regenerated sarin ( rGB) were determined at various time points during and following sarin exposure. The following pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from the graph of plasma or RBC rGB concentration versus time: time to reach the maximal concentration; maximal concentration; mean residence time; clearance; volume of distribution at steady state; terminal eliminationphase rate constant; and area under plasma concentration time curve extrapolated to infinity using the WinNonlin analysis program 5.0. Plasma and RBC t(1/2) for rGB was also calculated. Data will be used to develop mathematical model of absorption and distribution of sublethal sarin doses into susceptible tissues. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Whalley, CE (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM christopher.whalley@us.army.mil NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PY 2007 VL 19 IS 8 BP 667 EP 681 DI 10.1080/08958370701353296 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 171QP UT WOS:000246750800007 PM 17510839 ER PT J AU Pauluhn, J Carson, A Costa, DL Gordon, T Kodavanti, U Last, JA Matthay, MA Pinkerton, KE Sciuto, AM AF Pauluhn, J. Carson, A. Costa, D. L. Gordon, T. Kodavanti, U. Last, J. A. Matthay, M. A. Pinkerton, K. E. Sciuto, A. M. TI Workshop summary: Phosgene-induced pulmonary toxicity revisited: Appraisal of early and late markers of pulmonary injury from animal models with emphasis on human significance SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID ACUTE LUNG INJURY; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID; ACUTE INHALATION TOXICITY; SURFACTANT PROTEIN-A; IRRITANT-THRESHOLD CONCENTRATIONS; RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; HIGH-LEVEL EXPOSURE; NOSE-ONLY EXPOSURE; X TIME-DEPENDENCE; BEAGLE DOGS AB A workshop was held February 14, 2007, in Arlington, VA, under the auspices of the Phosgene Panel of the American Chemistry Council. The objective of this workshop was to convene inhalation toxicologists and medical experts from academia, industry and regulatory authorities to critically discuss past and recent inhalation studies of phosgene in controlled animal models. This included presentations addressing the benefits and limitations of rodent (mice, rats) and nonrodent (dogs) species to study concentration x time (C x t) relationships of acute and chronic types of pulmonary changes. Toxicological endpoints focused on the primary pulmonary effects associated with the acute inhalation exposure to phosgene gas and responses secondary to injury. A consensus was reached that the phosgene-induced increased pulmonary extravasation of fluid and protein can suitably be probed by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) techniques. BAL fluid analyses rank among the most sensitive methods to detect phosgene-induced noncardiogenic, pulmonary high-permeability edema following acute inhalation exposure. Maximum protein concentrations in BAL fluid occurred within 1 day after exposure, typically followed by a latency period up to about 15 h, which is reciprocal to the C x t exposure relationship. The C x t relationship was constant over a wide range of concentrations and single exposure durations. Following intermittent, repeated exposures of fixed duration, increased tolerance to recurrent exposures occurred. For such exposure regimens, chronic effects appear to be clearly dependent on the concentration rather than the cumulative concentration x time relationship. The threshold C x t product based on an increased BAL fluid protein following single exposure was essentially identical to the respective C x t product following subchronic exposure of rats based on increased pulmonary collagen and influx of inflammatory cells. Thus, the chronic outcome appears to be contingent upon the acute pulmonary threshold dose. Exposure concentrations high enough to elicit an increased acute extravasation of plasma constituents into the alveolus may also be associated with surfactant dysfunction, intra- alveolar accumulation of fibrin and collagen, and increased recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells. Although the exact mechanisms of toxicity have not yet been completely elucidated, consensus was reached that the acute pulmonary toxicity of phosgene gas is consistent with a simple, irritant mode of action at the site of its initial deposition/ retention. The acute concentration x time mortality relationship of phosgene gas in rats is extremely steep, which is typical for a local, directly acting pulmonary irritant gas. Due to the high lipophilicity of phosgene gas, it efficiently penetrates the lower respiratory tract. Indeed, more recent published evidence from animals or humans has not revealed appreciable irritant responses in central and upper airways, unless exposure was to almost lethal concentrations. The comparison of acute inhalation studies in rats and dogs with focus on changes in BAL fluid constituents demonstrates that dogs are approximately three to four times less susceptible to phosgene than rats under methodologically similar conditions. There are data to suggest that the dog may be useful particularly for the study of mechanisms associated with the acute extravasation of plasma constituents because of its size and general morphology and physiology of the lung as well as its oronasal breathing patterns. However, the study of the long- term sequela of acute effects is experimentally markedly more demanding in dogs as compared to rats, precluding the dog model to be applied on a routine base. The striking similarity of threshold concentrations from single exposure (increased protein in BAL fluid) and repeated-exposure 3-mo inhalation studies (increased pulmonary collagen deposition) in rats supports the notion that chronic changes depend on acute threshold mechanisms. C1 Bayer Schering Pharma, Wuppertal, Germany. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Houston, TX USA. US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Cardiovasc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anesthesia, Cardiovasc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Davis, CA USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Pauluhn, J (reprint author), BAYER Hlth Care, Inst Toxicol, Bldg 514, D-42096 Wuppertal, Germany. EM juergen.pauluhn@bayerhealthcare.com NR 138 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PY 2007 VL 19 IS 10 BP 789 EP 810 DI 10.1080/08958370701479133 PG 22 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 199FF UT WOS:000248680900001 PM 17687713 ER PT J AU Suedel, BC Bridges, TS Kim, J Payne, BS Miller, AC AF Suedel, Burton C. Bridges, Todd S. Kim, Jongbum Payne, Barry S. Miller, Andrew C. TI Application of Risk Assessment and Decision Analysis to Aquatic Nuisance Species SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Ecological risk assessment; Decision analysis; Aquatic nuisance species; Risk management AB The spread of nonindigenous (nonnative) species introduced into the United States is a significant and growing national problem and results in lost agricultural productivity, increased health problems, native species extinctions, and expensive prevention and eradication efforts. Thousands of nonindigenous species have either become established or spread, and introduction of aquatic nuisance species (ANS) into freshwater lakes threaten aquatic biodiversity. Expanding global trade is likely to increase the number of species that are spread across the globe, so the need to develop an approach to predict potential ANS invasions is great. Risk assessments currently being used to assess ANS risk rely on qualitative or semiquantitative information and expert opinion; thus, such approaches lack transparency and repeatability. A more quantitative approach is needed to augment the qualitative approaches currently in use. A quantitative approach with the use of the traditional ecological risk assessment (traditional ERA) framework combined with decision analysis tools was developed for assessing ANS risks in which the causative ecological risk agent is an organism rather than a chemical. This paper presents a systematic risk assessment framework that includes structured decision analysis to help organize and analyze pertinent data, state assumptions, address uncertainties in estimating the probability of an undesired ANS introduction, or spread and integrate these outputs with stakeholder values. This paper also describes when and how decision analysis tools can be used in such assessments for ANS. This framework and methodology will enable risk managers to systematically evaluate and compare alternatives and actions supporting ANS risk management and thus credibly prioritize resources. C1 [Suedel, Burton C.; Bridges, Todd S.; Kim, Jongbum; Payne, Barry S.; Miller, Andrew C.] US Army, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Suedel, BC (reprint author), US Army, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM burton.suedel@erdc.usace.army.mil FU US Army Corp of Engineers (USACE) Aquatic Nuisance Species Research Program FX Support for this study was provided by the US Army Corp of Engineers (USACE) Aquatic Nuisance Species Research Program. Permission was granted by the USACE Chief of Engineers to publish this material. NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 3 IS 1 BP 79 EP 89 DI 10.1002/ieam.5630030107 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA V43WX UT WOS:000209712600007 PM 17283597 ER PT J AU Zakar, E Wikner, D Dubey, M Potrepka, D Tidrow, S AF Zakar, E. Wikner, D. Dubey, M. Potrepka, D. Tidrow, S. TI Epitaxial thin film YBCO membrane structure for thermal detectors SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics CY MAY 08-AUG 12, 2007 CL Natl Sch Elect & Telecoms, Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Condensed Matter Chem Bordeaux HO Natl Sch Elect & Telecoms DE YBCO; YSZ; MMW; bolometer; etch; release; process ID CU-O FILMS; BUFFER LAYERS; SILICON; BOLOMETERS AB YBa2Cu3O7(YBCO) films have been used at room temperature as conducting oxide electrodes, as well as an excellent template layer for epitaxial growth PZT thin films. This research addresses the fabrication of epitaxial thin film membrane structures based on high temperature superconductor (HTSC) microbolometers for highly sensitive thermal detectors that can be miniaturized for affordable passive millimeter-wave (MMW) imaging. A completely dry etch process is described for fabricating transition-edge microbolometer airbridges based on YBCO film. Pulse Laser Deposition (PLD) grown YBCO film on silicon substrate have anomalies on the surface that must be removed prior to the release process. C1 [Zakar, E.; Wikner, D.; Dubey, M.; Potrepka, D.; Tidrow, S.] USA, Res Lab, SEDD, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Dubey, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, SEDD, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mdubey@arl.army.mil RI Tidrow, Steven/C-8133-2013; OI Potrepka, Daniel/0000-0002-0528-1038 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2007 VL 95 BP 17 EP 25 DI 10.1080/10584580701756003 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 246YD UT WOS:000252043400003 ER PT J AU Oldham, K Pulskamp, J Polcawich, R Ranade, P Dubey, M AF Oldham, Kenn Pulskamp, Jeffrey Polcawich, Ronald Ranade, Prashant Dubey, Madan TI Thin-film piezoelectric actuators for bio-inspired micro-robotic applications SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics CY MAY 08-AUG 12, 2007 CL Natl Sch Elect & Telecoms, Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Condensed Matter Chem Bordeaux HO Natl Sch Elect & Telecoms AB Biologically-inspired autonomous micro-robots have a variety of anticipated applications resulting from their unique scale and cooperative potential. To achieve locomotion comparable to biological systems, these micro-robots will require actuators substantially stronger than most existing MEMS actuation technologies. Piezoelectric thin-films can meet these specifications while drawing limited power and contributing little mass to micro-robotic systems. Theoretical actuation requirements for micro-robotic applications show that lead-zirconium-titanate (PZT) thin-film actuators can meet these requirements, including a new thin-film PZT lateral actuator developed by the United States Army Research Laboratory. Experimental results and a comparison to other common lateral actuation technologies are presented. C1 [Oldham, Kenn] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Pulskamp, Jeffrey; Polcawich, Ronald; Ranade, Prashant; Dubey, Madan] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Oldham, K (reprint author), Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM kenn.oldham@arl.army.mil NR 16 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 EI 1607-8489 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2007 VL 95 BP 54 EP 65 DI 10.1080/10584580701756482 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 246YD UT WOS:000252043400007 ER PT J AU Chung, PW Clayton, JD AF Chung, Peter W. Clayton, John D. TI Special issue: Multiscale materials modeling - Preface SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR MULTISCALE COMPUTATIONAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Chung, PW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RI Clayton, John/C-7760-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI REDDING PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA SN 1543-1649 J9 INT J MULTISCALE COM JI Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. PY 2007 VL 5 IS 3-4 BP VII EP VIII PG 2 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 231UC UT WOS:000250973700001 ER PT J AU Andzelm, J Beyer, FL Snyder, J Chung, PW AF Andzelm, Jan Beyer, Frederick L. Snyder, James Chung, Peter W. TI Multiscale Simulations of triblock copolymers SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR MULTISCALE COMPUTATIONAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 43rd Annual Technical Meeting of the Society-of-Engineering-Sciences CY AUG 13-16, 2006 CL State Coll, PA SP Soc Engn Sci ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; FORCE-FIELD; HOMOGENIZATION; TEMPERATURE; COMPOSITES; POLYMERS; EXCHANGE; GLASS AB Triblock copolymers self-assemble into a rich spectrum of microphase separated morphologies such as lamellae and cylinders. These materials are utilized in numerous materials science applications such as in membranes for protective clothing, fuel cells, and batteries. Such mesoscale features of copolymers extend to hundreds of nanometers and form in microseconds or longer times. However, many interesting processes, such as diffusion, occur within these mesoscale phases much faster and depend on underlying atomistic structure of the polymer. Such structure, in turn, is a function of molecular interactions at the fundamental quantum level. Thus comprehensive simulations of copolymers require consideration of quantum, atomistic, and mesoscale phenomena, spanning vastly different time and length scales. These simulations can be accomplished through sequential multiscale modeling. In this article, we describe key concepts and discuss interdependence and accuracy at various stages of this multiscale approach. Results are presented for a poly (styrene-b-isobutylene-b-styrene) copolymer that, in its sulfonated form, was found to be useful as a membrane in protective garments. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Andzelm, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jandzelm@arl.army.mil NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI REDDING PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA SN 1543-1649 J9 INT J MULTISCALE COM JI Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. PY 2007 VL 5 IS 3-4 BP 167 EP 179 DI 10.1615/IntJMultCompEng.v5.i3-4.20 PG 13 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 231UC UT WOS:000250973700002 ER PT J AU Chung, PW Clayton, JD AF Chung, P. W. Clayton, J. D. TI Multiscale Modeling of point and line defects in cubic lattices SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR MULTISCALE COMPUTATIONAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 43rd Annual Technical Meeting of the Society-of-Engineering-Sciences CY AUG 13-16, 2006 CL State Coll, PA SP Soc Engn Sci ID STRAIN GRADIENT PLASTICITY; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; TRANSITION-METALS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; LENGTH SCALES; ALPHA-IRON; CONTINUUM; DISLOCATION; FRACTURE AB A multilength scale method based on asymptotic expansion homogenization (AEH) is developed to compute minimum energy configurations of ensembles of atoms at the fine length scale and the corresponding mechanical response of the material at the coarse length scale. This multiscale theory explicitly captures heterogeneity in microscopic atomic motion in crystalline materials, attributed, for example, to the presence of various point and line lattice defects. The formulation accounts for large deformations of nominally hyperelastic, monocrystalline solids. Unit cell calculations are performed to determine minimum energy configurations of ensembles of atoms of body-centered cubic tungsten in the presence of periodic arrays of vacancies and screw dislocations of line orientations [111] or [100]. Results of the theory and numerical implementation are verified versus molecular statics calculations based on conjugate gradient minimization (CGM) and are also compared with predictions from the local Cauchy-Born rule. For vacancy defects, the AEH method predicts the lowest system energy among the three methods, while computed energies are comparable between AEH and CGM for screw dislocations. Computed strain energies and defect energies (e.g., energies arising from local internal stresses and strains near defects) are used to construct and evaluate continuum energy functions for defective crystals parameterized via the vacancy density, the dislocation density tensor, and the generally incompatible lattice deformation gradient. For crystals with vacancies, a defect energy increasing linearly with vacancy density and applied elastic deformation is suggested, while for crystals with screw dislocations, a defect energy linearly dependent on the dislocation density tensor appears more appropriate than the quadratic dependency often encountered in the continuum plasticity literature. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Clayton, JD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM iclayton@arl.army.mil RI Clayton, John/C-7760-2009 NR 106 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI REDDING PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA SN 1543-1649 J9 INT J MULTISCALE COM JI Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. PY 2007 VL 5 IS 3-4 BP 203 EP 226 PG 24 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 231UC UT WOS:000250973700004 ER PT J AU Grinfeld, MA Wright, TW AF Grinfeld, M. A. Wright, T. W. TI Plasticity in monocrystals with limited active slip systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR MULTISCALE COMPUTATIONAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 43rd Annual Technical Meeting of the Society-of-Engineering-Sciences CY AUG 13-16, 2006 CL State Coll, PA SP Soc Engn Sci ID INSTABILITY AB Two related effects are predicted for monocrystals with a single active slip system: (1) the appearance of surface corrugations due to the stress-driven rearrangement instability (SDRI) and (2) the increase of the yield threshold for small specimens. In addition,for the systems under study, we (1) establish the appropriate expression of a chemical potential and (2) establish the key quantitative formula to be verified in the suggested experiment on the SDRI. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Grinfeld, MA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM misha.greenfield@arl.army.mil NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI REDDING PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA SN 1543-1649 J9 INT J MULTISCALE COM JI Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. PY 2007 VL 5 IS 3-4 BP 243 EP 248 DI 10.1615/IntJMultCompEng.v5.i3-4.60 PG 6 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 231UC UT WOS:000250973700006 ER PT J AU Moretti, BE Naessens, EP Allen, KS AF Moretti, Brian E. Naessens, Edward P., Jr. Allen, Kenneth S. TI Using an engineering design problem to assess attainment of life-long learning SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE life-long learning; engineering design process; assessment; embedded indicators ID ABET; EDUCATION AB Embedded indicators provide a direct measure of student performance against a defined curricular standard based on actual course work. When combined with other, more traditional measures of student outcomes, embedded indicators provide opportunities for validation and triangulation of assessment evidence. USMA uses established rubrics and cadet performance on embedded indicators in the curriculum to assess accomplishment of each of its ten program goals. One of these goals-continued intellectual development-reflects life-long learning, which is valued at many colleges throughout the country. This goal, however, is difficult to measure. We have overcome this difficulty through the implementation of a goal-centered general education curriculum based on established, collaboratively generated, goal standards. We identify course products, embedded in the curriculum, that are aligned with the standards and then develop instrument-specific rubrics that align the course product with the goal standard. We have used this assessment methodology to inform USMA faculty about the extent to which our students achieve the academic program goals that we have established. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Moretti, BE (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, Bartlett Hall, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM brian.moretti@usma.edu NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU TEMPUS PUBLICATIONS PI DUBLIN PA DUBLIN INST TECHNOLOGY, BOLTON ST, DUBLIN, IRELAND SN 0949-149X J9 INT J ENG EDUC JI Int. J. Eng. Educ PY 2007 VL 23 IS 1 BP 131 EP 140 PG 10 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA 140BA UT WOS:000244476000019 ER PT J AU Wells, JD Williams, DW AF Wells, Jeffrey D. Williams, Diana W. TI Validation of a DNA-based method for identifying Chrysomyinae (Diptera : Calliphoridae) used in a death investigation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEGAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE forensic entomology; mitochondrial DNA; cytochrome oxidase; phylogeny; species determination ID FORENSICALLY IMPORTANT BLOWFLIES; POSTMORTEM INTERVAL ESTIMATION; FLY SPECIES DIPTERA; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; MOLECULAR-IDENTIFICATION; GENE; CHLOROPYGA; SEQUENCES; FLIES; SARCOPHAGIDAE AB Many authors have proposed DNA-based methods for identifying an insect specimen associated with human remains. However, almost no attempt has been made to validate these methods using additional observations. We tested a protocol for identifying insects in the blow fly subfamily Chrysomyinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae) often found to be associated with a human corpse in Canada or the USA. This method uses phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence from a short segment of the mitochondrial gene for cytochrome oxidase one (COI). Test chrysomyine COI sequences were obtained from 245 newly sequenced specimens and 51 specimens from the published literature. Published sequences from representatives of nonchrysomyine genera were also included to check for the possibility of a false positive identification. All of the chrysomyine test haplotypes were correctly identified with strong statistical support, and there were no false positives. This method appears to be an accurate and robust technique for identifying chrysomyine species from a death investigation in this geographic region. The far northern species Protophormia atriceps was not evaluated; therefore, caution is required in applying this method at very high latitudes in North America. C1 W Virginia Univ, Dept Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. USA, Invest Lab, Forest Park, GA 30297 USA. RP Wells, JD (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM jdwells@mail.wvu.edu NR 45 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0937-9827 J9 INT J LEGAL MED JI Int. J. Legal Med. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 121 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1007/s00414-005-0056-8 PG 8 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 118UY UT WOS:000242969600001 PM 16328423 ER PT J AU Roy, S Nie, GH Dutta, PK AF Roy, Samit Nie, Guo H. Dutta, Piyush K. TI Modeling of failure due to freezing of moisture and freeze-thaw cycling in composite materials SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MATERIALS & PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE composites; fracture toughness orthotropic; freezing; rectangular inclusion; conformal transformation ID STRESS; INCLUSION; PLATES; FIELD; HOLES AB Based on Eshelby's elastic inclusion model, an analytical model is developed for predicting cracking induced by volumetric expansion in orthotropic composite materials due to freezing of trapped moisture in a slender rectangular flaw region. Conformal transformation and complex function method are used to obtain stress distribution in the matrix at the interior boundary. The stress field in the rectangular inclusion is derived by solving for two important variables characterising the expanded equilibrium boundary determined by the principle of minimum strain energy. For this specific case, the analytical model predicts a crack driving force that far exceeds the fracture toughness of the material at that temperature. The model prediction is verified by comparison with actual test data. Besides predicting static fracture, it is demonstrated how the model can be adapted to predict fatigue life of composites under freeze-thaw conditions. C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Corps Engn, US Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Roy, S (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM sroy@eng.ua.edu; ghnie@mail.tongji.edu.cn; pkdutta@aol.com NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD PI GENEVA PA WORLD TRADE CENTER BLDG, 29 ROUTE DE PRE-BOIS, CASE POSTALE 896, CH-1215 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 0268-1900 J9 INT J MATER PROD TEC JI Int. J. Mater. Prod. Technol. PY 2007 VL 28 IS 1-2 BP 141 EP 159 DI 10.1504/IJMPT.2007.011514 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 132FY UT WOS:000243929900009 ER PT J AU Dutta, PK Lopez-Anido, R Kwon, SC AF Dutta, Piyush K. Lopez-Anido, Roberto Kwon, Soon-Chul TI Fatigue durability of FRP composite bridge decks at extreme temperatures SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MATERIALS & PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Decks manufactured with Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composite materials are used in bridges. A performance evaluation of FRP composite decks subjected to simulated traffic loads that induce repetitive stress cycles under extremely high and low temperature is presented. Fatigue testing of three FRP composite bridge deck prototypes and one FRP-concrete hybrid bridge deck prototype under two extreme temperature conditions: -30 degrees C (-22 degrees F), and 50 degrees C (122 degrees F) was conducted. The fatigue response of the deck prototypes was correlated with the baseline performance of a conventional reinforced-concrete deck. Design loads were applied simultaneously at two points. Quasi-static load-deflection and load-strain characteristics were determined at predetermined fatigue cycle levels. No significant distress was observed in any of the composite deck prototypes during ten million load cycles. The effects of extreme temperatures and accumulated load cycles on the load-deflection and load-strain response of FRP composite and FRP-concrete hybrid bridge decks are discussed based on the experimental results. C1 Univ Maine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Orono, ME 04469 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Erdc, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Lopez-Anido, R (reprint author), Univ Maine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM piyush.k.dutta@erdc.usace.army.mil; RLA@maine.edu; kwon@stu.mech.titech.ac.jp NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD PI GENEVA PA WORLD TRADE CENTER BLDG, 29 ROUTE DE PRE-BOIS, CASE POSTALE 896, CH-1215 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 0268-1900 J9 INT J MATER PROD TEC JI Int. J. Mater. Prod. Technol. PY 2007 VL 28 IS 1-2 BP 198 EP 216 DI 10.1504/IJMPT.2007.011517 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 132FY UT WOS:000243929900012 ER PT J AU Gaunaurd, GC Everstine, GC AF Gaunaurd, G. C. Everstine, G. C. TI Elasticity solution for an axially compressed and encased cylindrical specimen SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE elasticity; encased cylinder; compressibility ID PRESSURE AB We present the solution of the linear elasticity equations governing the deformation of an elastic cylinder encased in a tube and subjected to uniform compression on the flat ends. The solutions for the stresses, strains, and displacements in the encased and compressed cylinder are all systematically determined from the basic solution of Lames classical elasticity problem of the long tube subjected to internal and external pressures. We first derive the general elastostatic analysis for an encased hollow cylinder, stress-free at the cavity, and later particularize the solution to a solid cylindrical specimen. The effective modulus E-eff of the encased sample is found to be a function of the bulk modulus k and Poisson's ratio v of the material. E-eff differs from k except for nearly incompressible materials, where E-eff approaches the bulk modulus value. In the incompressible case, we also show how a load applied on the cylinder's flat ends is equivalent to, and can be replaced by, the same load acting on the curved surface. For compressible materials, a more general expression for E-eff is found that also accounts for the case deformation. These results explain the deformation of an axially compressed and encased cylindrical specimen tested in compressibility measuring devices such as those described by Matsuoka and Maxwell [Response of linear high polymers to hydrostatic pressure. Journal of Polymer Science 1958; 32:131-59]. The present analysis thus contributes to a better understanding of how this device works and to the interpretation of measurements taken with it. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,SE,RU, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gaunaurd, GC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,SE,RU, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM GGaunaurd@arl.army.mil NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7403 J9 INT J MECH SCI JI Int. J. Mech. Sci. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 49 IS 1 BP 116 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2006.07.010 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 128RO UT WOS:000243676200009 ER PT J AU Jennelle, RLS AF Jennelle, R. L. S. TI Potential for detection of radiation damage to DNA by NMR signal characteristics using platinum 195 as a molecular probe SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 49th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Therapeutic-Radiology-and-Oncology CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2007 CL Los Angeles, CA SP Amer Soc Therapeut & Oncol C1 [Jennelle, R. L. S.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0360-3016 J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. PY 2007 VL 69 IS 3 SU S MA 2734 BP S607 EP S607 DI 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.1916 PG 1 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 217LU UT WOS:000249950201420 ER PT J AU Rahman, MM Moran, MS Thoma, DP Bryant, R Sano, EE Collins, CDH Skirvin, S Kershner, C Orr, BJ AF Rahman, M. M. Moran, M. S. Thoma, D. P. Bryant, R. Sano, E. E. Collins, C. D. Holifield Skirvin, S. Kershner, C. Orr, B. J. TI A derivation of roughness correlation length for parameterizing radar backscatter models SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID SOIL-MOISTURE; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS AB Surface roughness is a key parameter of radar backscatter models designed to retrieve surface soil moisture (theta(S)) information from radar images. This work offers a theory-based approach for estimating a key roughness parameter, termed the roughness correlation length (L-c). The Lc is the length in centimetres from a point on the ground to a short distance for which the heights of a rough surface are correlated with each other. The approach is based on the relation between L-c and h(RMS) as theorized by the Integral Equation Model (IEM). The hRMS is another roughness parameter, which is the root mean squared height variation of a rough surface. The relation is calibrated for a given site based on the radar backscatter of the site under dry soil conditions. When this relation is supplemented with the site specific measurements of hRMS, it is possible to produce estimates of L-c. The approach was validated with several radar images of the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed in southeast Arizona, USA. Results showed that the IEM performed well in reproducing satellite-based radar backscatter when this new derivation of L-c was used as input. This was a substantial improvement over the use of field measurements of L-c. This new approach also has advantages over empirical formulations for the estimation of Lc because it does not require field measurements of theta(S) for iterative calibration and it accounts for the very complex relation between L-c and hRMS found in heterogeneous landscapes. Finally, this new approach opens up the possibility of determining both roughness parameters without ancillary data based on the radar backscatter difference measured for two different incident angles. C1 USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. Embrapa Cerrados, BR-08223 Planaltina, Brazil. USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. Univ Arizona, Off Arid Land Studies, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Rahman, MM (reprint author), USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM mrahman@serm.gov.sk.ca NR 25 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2007 VL 28 IS 18 BP 3995 EP 4012 PG 18 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 213IZ UT WOS:000249661400002 ER PT J AU Houpt, JT Crouse, LCB Angerhofer, RA Leach, GJ Reddy, G AF Houpt, John T. Crouse, Lee C. B. Angerhofer, Richard A. Leach, Glenn J. Reddy, Gunda TI Developmental toxicity of thiodiglycol in Sprague-Dawley rats SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE developmental toxicity; gestation; maternal toxicity; rats; teratogenic; thiodiglycol ID ETHYLENE-GLYCOL; CD-1 MICE AB Thiodiglycol (TG), a hydrolysis product of sulfur mustard (HD), is a potential contaminant of soil and water at certain military sites. To establish developmental toxicity criteria for TG, an oral developmental toxicity study was conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats. Neat thiodiglycol (99.9 %) was administered orally to mated female rats from gestation days (GDs) 5 through 19. The day of positive mating was considered day 0. A pilot study was conducted with TG at dose levels 250, 500, 1000, 2000, or 5000 mg/kg to select suitable doses for the main study. In the main study, three groups of rats (25/group) received TG by gavage at dose levels of 430, 1290, or 3870 mg/kg/day. A fourth group served as a sham control. On day 20 of gestation, all females were euthanized and a cesarean section performed. Litters were examined for soft tissue and skeletal alterations. Maternal toxicity was limited to dams receiving TG at 3870 mg/kg/day. At this dose, body weights and food consumption were reduced during certain periods of gestation. Fetuses derived from those dams exhibited a nonstatistically significant increased incidence of variations when compared to controls. Fetal body weights in the 3870 mg/kg/day group were significantly lower than controls. There was no increased incidence of anomalies when thiodiglycol-treated fetuses were compared to controls. It was concluded that TG did not produce terata. Developmental toxicity (decreased fetal weights and associated delays in development) occurred only at the maternally toxic dose of 3870 mg/kg. It appears that 1290 mg/kg/day could be considered no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for oral developmental toxicity. The lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) was 3870 mg/kg for maternal toxicity. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Pevent Med, Directorate Toxicol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Reddy, G (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Pevent Med, Directorate Toxicol, 5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM gunda.reddy@us.army.mil NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1091-5818 J9 INT J TOXICOL JI Int. J. Toxicol. PY 2007 VL 26 IS 4 BP 365 EP 371 DI 10.1080/10915810701461993 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 196DH UT WOS:000248461400011 PM 17661228 ER PT J AU Si, YZ Li, QG Xie, L Bennett, K Weina, PJ Mog, S Johnson, TO AF Si, Yuanzheng Li, Qigui Xie, Lisa Bennett, Kent Weina, Peter J. Mog, Steven Johnson, Todd O. TI Neurotoxicity and toxicokinetics of artelinic acid following repeated oral administration in rats SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE artelinic acid; exposure time; neurotoxicity; oral regimen; rats; toxicokinetics ID ARTEMISININ DERIVATIVES; IN-VITRO; ARTEETHER; ARTEMETHER; TOXICITY; DIHYDROARTEMISININ; ARTESUNATE; MALARIA; PHARMACOKINETICS; NEUROPATHOLOGY AB Neurotoxicity secondary to oil-soluble artemisinins has been reported in various animal species. The onset of neurotoxicity and toxicokinetics of oral artelinic acid (AL), a water-soluble artemisinin, were investigated. After dose range study, rats were dosed at either 160 mg/kg daily for 9 consecutive days or at 288 mg/kg once every other day for five doses, so that the total dose (1440 mg/kg) and duration (9 days) were identical. Neuronal damage of varying severity was identified beginning as early as 1 day after completing dosing and continued for up to 10 days post dosing. Neuronal injury was most severe 7 days after the last treatment in each of the two dosing regimens. The rats dosed with 160 mg/kg of AL daily showed moderate neurotoxicity and lost 22% of their body weight during treatment. Compared with the first dose, the toxicokinetic profile of this regimen changed significantly, with the elimination half-life increasing 3.82-fold and the volume of distribution increasing 5.23-fold on the last day of dosing. In the animals treated with AL at 288 mg/kg every other day for 5 doses, minimal neuronal degeneration (severity score 1.17) was identified and the body weight was only 8% loss. Furthermore, there were no obvious differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters between first and last dosing days with this regimen. Additionally, a progressively drug retention in stomach and drug accretion in blood were only found in rats treated with 160 mg/kg daily for 9 days. These results imply that delayed gastric emptying resulted in AL accumulation in blood and prolonged a neurotoxic exposure time (186 h) in 160 mg/kg rats when compared to that (75 h) in 288 mg/kg animals. Therefore, the drug exposure time is a key factor in the neurotoxicity induced by AL. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Dept Vet Sci, Comparat Pathol Div, Bethesda, MD USA. Naval Med Res Ctr, Dept Pathol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Li, QG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM qigui.li@na.amedd.army.mil RI Weina, Peter/A-2120-2011; Bennett, Kent/K-2742-2012 NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1091-5818 J9 INT J TOXICOL JI Int. J. Toxicol. PY 2007 VL 26 IS 5 BP 401 EP 410 DI 10.1080/10915810701582913 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 223RY UT WOS:000250391200003 PM 17963127 ER PT J AU Collins, LC Minor, MC Blacker, NC Robinson, GJ Engler, RJM AF Collins, L. C., Jr. Minor, M. C. Blacker, N. C. Robinson, G. J. Engler, R. J. M. TI Thrombocytopenia and measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine: Managing loss of immunity to MMR SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY FEB 23-27, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Collins, L. C., Jr.; Minor, M. C.; Engler, R. J. M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Collins, L. C., Jr.; Minor, M. C.; Engler, R. J. M.] Vaccine Hlthcare Ctr Network, Washington, DC USA. [Blacker, N. C.; Robinson, G. J.] Womack Army Med Ctr, Fayetteville, AR USA. [Blacker, N. C.; Robinson, G. J.] Vaccine Hlthcare Ctr Network, Fayetteville, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 119 IS 1 SU 1 MA 381 BP S97 EP S97 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.596 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 238PT UT WOS:000251460400381 ER PT J AU Engler, RJM Marini, A Green, J Klote, M Collins, L Belandres, PV Chang, ST Williams, JF Nelson, MR AF Engler, R. J. M. Marini, A. Green, J. Klote, M. Collins, L. Belandres, P. V. Chang, S. T. Williams, J. F. Nelson, M. R. TI Primary smallpox vaccination temporally associated with new onset urticaria-angioedema (UrtAng) evolving to chronic disease SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY FEB 23-27, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Engler, R. J. M.; Klote, M.; Nelson, M. R.] Univ Med Hlth Sci, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Uniform Sev, Washington, DC USA. [Marini, A.] Univ Med Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. [Green, J.; Collins, L.; Belandres, P. V.; Chang, S. T.; Williams, J. F.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 119 IS 1 SU 1 MA 380 BP S97 EP S97 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.595 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 238PT UT WOS:000251460400380 ER PT J AU Friesen, CD Engler, RJM AF Friesen, C. D. Engler, R. J. M. TI Recurrent panic/anxiety attacks: Masquerader of anaphylaxis and challenge to comprehensive history taking SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY FEB 23-27, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 Carl R Darnall Army Med Ctr, Fort Hood, TX USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, VHC, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 119 IS 1 SU 1 MA 131 BP S34 EP S34 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.152 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 238PT UT WOS:000251460400132 ER PT J AU Hutchinson, PA Nelson, MR Hills, SL Duran, LL Engler, RJM AF Hutchinson, P. A. Nelson, M. R. Hills, S. L. Duran, L. L. Engler, R. J. M. TI Knowledge, attitudes and beliefs (KAB) regarding reporting of adverse events following immunizations (AEFI) SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY FEB 23-27, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Hutchinson, P. A.; Nelson, M. R.; Hills, S. L.; Engler, R. J. M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Duran, L. L.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, VHC, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 119 IS 1 SU 1 MA 379 BP S96 EP S96 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.594 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 238PT UT WOS:000251460400379 ER PT J AU Kaplan, MR Arora, R Nelson, MR AF Kaplan, M. R. Arora, R. Nelson, M. R. TI Measurement of enterovirus-specific IgG in intravenous immunoglobulin preparations SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY FEB 23-27, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Kaplan, M. R.; Nelson, M. R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Arora, R.] William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 119 IS 1 SU 1 MA 1016 BP S260 EP S260 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.12.385 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 238PT UT WOS:000251460401399 ER PT J AU Kim-Delio, S Klote, MM Nelson, MR Carr, WW Deguzman, RD Mikita, CP Martin, BL Engler, RJM AF Kim-Delio, S. Klote, M. M. Nelson, M. R. Carr, W. W. Deguzman, R. D. Mikita, C. P. Martin, B. L. Engler, R. J. M. TI Headache after trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV): Gender differences and severity SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY FEB 23-27, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Kim-Delio, S.; Klote, M. M.; Nelson, M. R.; Deguzman, R. D.; Mikita, C. P.; Martin, B. L.; Engler, R. J. M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Carr, W. W.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, WRAIR, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 119 IS 1 SU 1 MA 377 BP S96 EP S96 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.592 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 238PT UT WOS:000251460400377 ER PT J AU Kosisky, SE AF Kosisky, S. E., Sr. TI Predominant weed and grass aeroallergens of the washington, DC area: An eight year survey (1998-2005) SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY FEB 23-27, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Kosisky, S. E., Sr.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 119 IS 1 SU 1 MA 398 BP S101 EP S101 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.613 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 238PT UT WOS:000251460400398 ER PT J AU Nelson, MR Collins, LC Atwood, JE Eckert, RE Shry, EA Shelton, DJ Scott, W Engler, RJM AF Nelson, M. R. Collins, L. C. Atwood, J. E. Eckert, R. E. Shry, E. A. Shelton, D. J. Scott, W. Engler, R. J. M. TI Long-term clinical outcomes following vaccinia associated myopericarditis SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY FEB 23-27, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Nelson, M. R.; Collins, L. C.; Shelton, D. J.; Scott, W.; Engler, R. J. M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Eckert, R. E.; Shry, E. A.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 119 IS 1 SU 1 MA 374 BP S95 EP S95 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.589 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 238PT UT WOS:000251460400374 ER PT J AU Slingluff, MI Klote, MM Hemann, BA Nelson, MR Yacavone, MA Atwood, JE Black, S Engler, RJM AF Slingluff, M. I. Klote, M. M. Hemann, B. A. Nelson, M. R. Yacavone, M. A. Atwood, J. E. Black, S. Engler, R. J. M. TI A pilot study: Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) and myopericarditis SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY FEB 23-27, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Slingluff, M. I.; Klote, M. M.; Hemann, B. A.; Nelson, M. R.; Yacavone, M. A.; Atwood, J. E.; Engler, R. J. M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Black, S.] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 119 IS 1 SU 1 MA 376 BP S96 EP S96 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.591 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 238PT UT WOS:000251460400376 ER PT J AU Soltis, CB Dolan, CK Nelson, MR Norton, SA AF Soltis, C. B. Dolan, C. K. Nelson, M. R. Norton, S. A. TI Contact dermatitis following occupational exposure to the new US army combat uniform (ACU) SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY FEB 23-27, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Soltis, C. B.; Nelson, M. R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Dolan, C. K.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Pulm Dis Sect, Bethesda, MD USA. [Norton, S. A.] Univ Hlth Sci, Uniformed Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 119 IS 1 SU 1 MA 812 BP S206 EP S206 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.12.178 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 238PT UT WOS:000251460401197 ER PT J AU Yoon, J Nelson, MR Marks, MS Kosisky, SE AF Yoon, J. Nelson, M. R. Marks, M. S. Kosisky, S. E. TI An eight year survey (1998-2005) of the major tree pollens in the washington, DC area SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY FEB 23-27, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Yoon, J.; Nelson, M. R.; Marks, M. S.; Kosisky, S. E.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 119 IS 1 SU 1 MA 394 BP S100 EP S100 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.609 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 238PT UT WOS:000251460400394 ER PT J AU Moon, JE Rivard, RG Griffith, ME Ressner, RA McCall, S Reitstetter, RE Hospenthal, DR Murray, CK AF Moon, James E. Rivard, Robert G. Griffith, Matthew E. Ressner, Roseanne A. McCall, Suzanne Reitstetter, Raven E. Hospenthal, Duane R. Murray, Clinton K. TI Effect of timing and duration of azithromycin therapy of leptospirosis in a hamster model SO JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE treatment; prophylaxis; animal model ID DOXYCYCLINE; EFFICACY; TELITHROMYCIN; ERYTHROMYCIN; TRIAL AB Objectives: Azithromycin is not associated with significant adverse effects or restricted usage in certain populations unlike standard antileptospirosis agents. In this study, the utility of short courses of azithromycin in treating or preventing leptospirosis was investigated in a lethal hamster model. Methods: All hamsters were infected intraperitoneally with 10(5) leptospires. In experiment one, animals received 5 mg/kg of doxycycline or 10 mg/kg of azithromycin via intraperitoneal injection beginning on the second day after infection and continuing once daily for 1, 2, 3 or 5 days. In experiment two, animals received 1 or 2 day courses of azithromycin initiated 2 or 4 days following infection, or 4 days prior to infection. Results: All untreated control animals died between the sixth and ninth day following infection. In experiment one, survival rates in the doxycycline groups were 0, 50, 80 and 100% for those animals treated for 1, 2, 3 and 5 days, respectively. Except for the 1 day treatment group (which had an 80% survival), there was 100% survival in all azithromycin-treated groups. In experiment two, all animals treated after infection survived until study completion. No animals survived with 1 day of therapy started 4 days prior to infection while only 20% survived if they received 2 days. Conclusions: These results suggest short-course therapy with azithromycin, even started well after infection, is efficacious in preventing mortality from acute leptospirosis. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, MCHE-MDI-7E,3851 Roger Brook Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Clinton.Murray@amedd.army.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; Moon, James/B-6810-2011; OI Moon, James/0000-0002-9274-4554; Reitstetter, Raven/0000-0002-7466-9781 NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7453 J9 J ANTIMICROB CHEMOTH JI J. Antimicrob. Chemother. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 59 IS 1 BP 148 EP 151 DI 10.1093/jac/dkl453 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 120FJ UT WOS:000243069600026 PM 17110394 ER PT J AU Poli, MA Rivera, VR Neal, DD Baden, DG Messer, SA Plakas, SM Dickey, RW El Said, K Flewelling, L Green, D White, J AF Poli, Mark A. Rivera, Victor R. Neal, Dwayne D. Baden, Daniel G. Messer, Shawn A. Plakas, Steven M. Dickey, Robert W. El Said, Kathleen Flewelling, Leanne Green, David White, Jill TI An electrochemiluminescence-based competitive displacement immunoassay for the type-2 brevetoxins in oyster extracts SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA; SHELLFISH; METABOLITES; TOXINS AB A new competitive electrochemiluminescence-based immunoassay for the type-2 brevetoxins in oyster extracts was developed. The assay was verified by spiking known amounts of PbTx-3 into 80% methanol extracts of Gulf Coast oysters. We also provide preliminary data demonstrating that 100% acetone extracts, aqueous homogenates, and the clinical matrixes urine and serum can also be analyzed without significant matrix interferences. The assay offers the advantages of speed (2 h analysis time); simplicity (only 2 additions, one incubation period, and no wash steps before analysis); low limit of quantitation (conservatively, 50 pg/mL = 1 ng/g tissue equivalents); and a stable, nonradioactive label. Due to the variety of brevetoxin metabolites present and the lack of certified reference standards for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry confirmation, a true validation of brevetoxins in shellfish extracts is not possible at this time. However, our assay correlated well with another brevetoxin immunoassay currently in use in the United States. We believe this assay could be useful as a regulatory screening tool and could support pharmacokinetic studies in animals and clinical evaluation of neurotoxic shellfish poisoning victims. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Univ N Carolina, Ctr Marine Sci, Wilmington, NC USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. US FDA, Gulf Coast Seafood Lab, Dauphin Isl, AL 36528 USA. Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. Mesoscale Diagnost LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA. BioVeris Corp, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA. RP Poli, MA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM mark.poli@det.amedd.army.mil FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P01 ES010594-08, P01 ES010594] NR 12 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 2007 VL 90 IS 1 BP 173 EP 178 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 135BN UT WOS:000244128900021 PM 17373449 ER PT J AU Locascio, LE Harper, B Robinson, M AF Locascio, Laurie E. Harper, Bruce Robinson, Matthew TI Standard practice for bulk sample collection and swab sample collection of visible powders suspected of being biological agents from nonporous surfaces: Collaborative study SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB The draft ASTM Standard, "Standard Practice for Bulk Sample Collection and Swab Sample Collection of Visible Powders Suspected of Being Biological Agents from Nonporous Surfaces," was validated in a collaborative study consisting of 6 teams comprised of Civil Support personnel and First Responders, 2 levels of Bacillus anthracis Sterne and Bacillus thuringiensis Kurstaki spores, and 7 nonporous surfaces. The sample collection standard includes collection of the bulk sample (Method A) using a dry swab to push the sample onto a collection card and collection of residual sample (Method B) using an onsite test kit followed by a wet swab intended for additional onsite testing. Method A is to be performed prior to Method B in order to preserve unadulterated sample as potential criminal evidence. While statistical differences were observed between surfaces, between teams, and the interaction of surfaces and teams for the various sample types collected, these differences are due to the very low variability of the data and a much more narrow distribution than an ideal normal distribution, rather than to any practical differences. The data demonstrate that from both the 1.0 and 0.01 g powder samples, high levels of spores (mean > 10(6) CFU) are recovered from the 7 surfaces by both the dry swab used in bulk sample collection (Method A) and the wet swab (Method B) sampling of the residual powder after bulk sample collection. Thus, after bulk sample collection. there is a high level of residual spores remaining for onsite biological testing and both Methods A and B should be performed in the field. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. USA, Dugway Proving Ground, Life Sci Div, Dugway, UT 84022 USA. RP Locascio, LE (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8394, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM laurie.locascio@nist.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 2007 VL 90 IS 1 BP 299 EP 333 PG 35 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 135BN UT WOS:000244128900036 PM 17373464 ER PT J AU Sagripanti, JL Carrera, M Insalaco, J Ziemski, M Rogers, J Zandomeni, R AF Sagripanti, J-L. Carrera, M. Insalaco, J. Ziemski, M. Rogers, J. Zandomeni, R. TI Virulent spores of Bacillus anthracis and other Bacillus species deposited on solid surfaces have similar sensitivity to chemical decontaminants SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE anthrax; Bacillus anthracis; decontamination; disinfection; simulants; spores; sporicidal test; sterilization ID DENSITY GRADIENT CENTRIFUGATION; LIQUID DISINFECTANTS; BACTERIAL-SPORES; INACTIVATION; SUBTILIS; AGENTS; RESISTANCE; SEPARATION; DIVERSITY; CHLORINE AB Aims: To compare the relative sensitivity of Bacillus anthracis and spores of other Bacillus spp. deposited on different solid surfaces to inactivation by liquid chemical disinfecting agents. Methods and Results: We prepared under similar conditions spores from five different virulent and three attenuated strains of B. anthracis, as well as spores of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus atrophaeus (previously known as Bacillus globigii), Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus megaterium. As spore-surface interactions may bias inactivation experiments, we evaluated the relative binding of different spores to carrier materials. The survival of spores deposited on glass, metallic or polymeric surfaces were quantitatively measured by ASTM standard method E-2414-05 which recovers spores from surfaces by increasing stringency. The number of spores inactivated by each decontaminant was similar and generally within 1 log among the 12 different Bacillus strains tested. This similarity among Bacillus strains and species was observed through a range of sporicidal efficacy on spores deposited on painted metal, polymeric rubber or glass. Conclusions: The data obtained indicate that the sensitivity of common simulants (B. atrophaeus and B. subtilis), as well as spores of B. cereus, B. thuringiensis, and B. megaterium, to inactivation by products that contain either: peroxide, chlorine or oxidants is similar to that shown by spores from all eight B. anthracis strains studied. Significance and Impact of the Study: The comparative results of the present study suggest that decontamination and sterilization data obtained with simulants can be safely extrapolated to virulent spores of B. anthracis. Thus, valid conclusions on sporicidal efficacy could be drawn from safer and less costly experiments employing non-pathogenic spore simulants. C1 USA, RDECOM, Army Mat Command,Res Dev & Engn Command, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. SAIC, Gunpowder Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Sci & Technol Inc, STC Technol Ltd, Edgewater, MD USA. RP Sagripanti, JL (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, Army Mat Command,Res Dev & Engn Command, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB RT Bldg 3150, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM joseluis.sagripanti@us.army.mil NR 31 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 102 IS 1 BP 11 EP 21 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.03235.x PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 116VY UT WOS:000242832900002 PM 17184315 ER PT J AU Carrieri, AH Owens, DJ Roese, ES Hung, KC Lim, PI Schultz, JC Bottiger, JR Talbard, MV AF Carrieri, Arthur H. Owens, David J. Roese, Erik S. Hung, Kevin C. Lim, Pascal I. Schultz, Jonathan C. Bottiger, Jerold R. Talbard, Michael V. TI Photopolarimetric lidar dual-beam switching device and Mueller matrix standoff detection method SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE standoff detection; optomechanical beam switch; differential-absorption; photoelastic modulation; polarization; Mueller matrix spectroscopy; neural network; pattern recognition ID BACKSCATTERING; SCATTERING; SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACES; ELEMENTS; ROUGH; MEDIA AB We present an optomechanical switching device (OSD) for a photopolarimetric lidar system with differential-absorption Mueller matrix spectroscopy standoff detection method. An output train of alternate continuous-wave CO(2) laser beams [...L1: L2...] is directed onto suspect chemical-biological (CB) aerosol plume or the land mass it contaminates (S) vis-a-vis the OSD, where L1 [L2] is tuned on [detuned off] a resonant molecular absorption moiety of CB analyte. Moreover, both incident beams and their backscattered radiances, from S, are polarization-modulated synchronously so as to produce gated temporal voltage waveforms called scattergrams recorded on focus at the receiver end of polarization lidar sensor system. All 16 elements of the Mueller matrix (M(ij)) of S are measured via digital or analog filtration of constituent frequency components in these running scattergram data streams (phase-sensitive detection). A collective set of normalized differential elements {(Delta M) under bar (i,j)} (ratioed to element M(11)) that are susceptible to the analyte, probed on-then-off its molecular absorption band, form a unique detection domain that is scrutinized. Any mapping onto this domain in Mueller-space, from incoming sensor scattergram data sets preprocessed by algorithm and forwarded through a trained neural network pattern recognition system, cues a standoff detection event. C1 [Carrieri, Arthur H.; Roese, Erik S.; Bottiger, Jerold R.] USA, RDECOM, ECBC, Res & Technol Directorate,ATTN AMSRD ECB RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Owens, David J.; Schultz, Jonathan C.; Talbard, Michael V.] Quetron Syst Inc, Forest Hill, MD 21050 USA. [Hung, Kevin C.; Lim, Pascal I.] Adv Technol & Applicat Inc, AMSRD ECB RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Carrieri, AH (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, ECBC, Res & Technol Directorate,ATTN AMSRD ECB RT, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM arthur.carrieri@us.army.mil; dowens@quetron.com; erik.roese@us.army.mil; kevin.hung@us.army.mil; pascal.lim@us.army.mil; jerold.bottiger@us.army.mil FU U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command (RDECOM); Edgewood Chemical and Biological Center (ECBC); Research and Technology Directorate FX The U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command (RDECOM), Edgewood Chemical and Biological Center (ECBC), Research and Technology Directorate, sponsored this research under the auspices of a DoD Active Standoff Detection grant, Cynthia Swim, senior team leader AMSRD-ECB-RT-D, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010-5424. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PY 2007 VL 1 AR 013502 DI 10.1117/1.2535860 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 372PU UT WOS:000260914300048 ER PT J AU Fleming, SD Jordan, TR AF Fleming, Steven D. Jordan, Thomas R. TI Feature identification from commercial satellite images for military and homeland security operations in coastal zones SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE commercial satellites; coastal zones; military; homeland security AB Supporting U. S. military operations and homeland security requirements in and around coastal zones, geospatial intelligence must be quickly integrated by tactical commanders to meet mission demands. Increasingly, unclassified commercial imagery and data acquired from conventional aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles and satellites are being used by military and civilian analysts to populate coastal zone databases. This study assessed the suitability of commercially available satellite images for littoral warfare and homeland security operations. From the study, data that show the probabilities for extracting mandatory shoreline features from various images for maps produced at varying scale is provided. A prioritized list of image resources was also created for use in assisting military and civilian analysts to rapidly collect feature data from commercially available resources. C1 [Fleming, Steven D.] US Mil Acad, Ctr Environm & Geog Sci, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Jordan, Thomas R.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Remote Sensing & Mapping Sci CRMS, Dept Geog, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Fleming, SD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Ctr Environm & Geog Sci, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, 745 Brewerton Rd,Room 6007, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM steven.fleming@usma.edu; tombob@uga.edu NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PY 2007 VL 1 AR 013508 DI 10.1117/1.2722339 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 372PU UT WOS:000260914300042 ER PT J AU Nasrabadi, N Tates, M Kwon, H AF Nasrabadi, Nasser Tates, Maria Kwon, Heesung TI Change detection methods for identification of mines in synthetic aperture radar imagery SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE change detection; mine detection; object detection; multi-look SAR AB This paper presents several methods for change detection in a pair of multitemporal synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of the same scene. Several techniques which vary in complexity were implemented and compared. Among the simple methods that were implemented are differencing, Euclidean distance, and image mean ratioing. These methods require minimal processing time, with little computational complexity, and incorporate no statistical information. These methods have demonstrated some degree of accuracy in detecting changes in SAR imagery. However, the presence of highly correlated speckle noise, misregistration errors, and nonlinear variations in SAR images motivated us to seek more sophisticated methods of change detection in order to obtain more favorable results. Therefore, methods were implemented which incorporated second order statistic calculations in making a change decision in efforts to mitigate false alarms arising from the aforementioned causes. Pre-whitened the data was created and then a Wiener prediction-based method, Euclidean distance measure and subspace projection method was implemented. The performance of these methods were compared using multi-look SAR images containing several targets (mines). The results are presented in the form of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves. C1 [Nasrabadi, Nasser; Tates, Maria] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Tates, Maria] Morgan State Univ, Baltimore, MD 21251 USA. [Kwon, Heesung] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. RP Nasrabadi, N (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM nnasraba@arl.army.mil; mtates@arl.army.mil; heesung.kwon@jhuapl.edu NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PY 2007 VL 1 AR 013525 DI 10.1117/1.2776947 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 372PU UT WOS:000260914300025 ER PT J AU Gray, CJ Madsen, JD Wersal, RM Getsinger, KD AF Gray, Cody J. Madsen, J. D. Wersal, R. M. Getsinger, K. D. TI Eurasian watermilfoil and parrotfeather control using carfentrazone-ethyl SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Myriophyllum spicatum; Myriophyllum aquaticum; herbicide; biomass reduction; protox inhibitor ID ZEA-MAYS; MACROPHYTES; DICAMBA; 2,4-D AB Two invasive weed species, Eurasian watermilfoil (Myrio-phyllum spicatum L.) and parrotfeather [Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc.], were grown in outdoor mesocosms to determine the efficacy of carfentrazone-ethyl (a,2-dichloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluorobenzenepropanoic acid, ethyl ester), alone and in combination with 2,4-D, a herbicide routinely used for watermilfoil control. Eurasian watermilfoil control was >= 98% when carfentrazone rates were applied alone at >= 150 mu g ai L-1. Carfentrazone alone initially controlled parrotfeather; however, tissue viability 3 weeks after treatment suggested plant recovery was likely. Both Eurasian watermilfoil and parrotfeather control was 100% when 2,4-D was applied at 1000 mu g ae. L-1; however, when 2,4-D rate was reduced to 100 mu g ae L-1 control declined to < 50%. Herbicide applications containing carfentrazone with low rates of 2,4-D resulted in 100% death of both plant species. These results indicate that Eurasian watermilfoil control can be obtained using carfentrazone alone; but the addition of low levels of 2,4-D may be needed to achieve desired parrotfeather control. C1 Mississippi State Univ, GeoResources Inst, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Madsen, JD (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, GeoResources Inst, Box 9652, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM jmadsen@gri.msstate.edu NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 10 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI LEHIGH ACRES PA PO BOX 1477, LEHIGH ACRES, FL 33970 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 45 BP 43 EP 46 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 154UB UT WOS:000245532200009 ER PT J AU Koschnick, TJ Netherland, MD Haller, WT AF Koschnick, Tvler J. Netherland, M. D. Haller, W. T. TI Effects of three ALS-inhibitors on five emergent native plant species in Florida SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE aquatic herbicides; penoxsulam; imazamox; bispyribac; chemical control; selectivity ID BENSULFURON METHYL; HERBICIDE; RICE; RESISTANCE; PENOXSULAM; HYDRILLA AB Three acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicides are currently being evaluated for the control of hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata L.f. Royle) and other submersed aquatic weeds. The impacts of long-term aqueous exposures of these herbicides on non-target native emergent plant species are unknown. Therefore, trials were conducted to determine the effect of aqueous applications of the ALS-inhibitors penoxsulam [2-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)-N-(5,8-dimethoxy [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c] pyrimidin-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl) benzenesulfonamide], imazamox [2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-(methoxymethyl)-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid], and bispyribac sodium [2,6-bis(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yloxy)benzoic acid] on established soft-stem bulrush (Scirpus validus Vahl.), Egyptian panicgrass (Paspalidium geminatum (Forssk.) Stapf), maidencane (Panicum hemitomon Schult.), pickerelweed (Pontederia cordata L.) and sagittaria (Sagittaria lancifolia L.). Plants were exposed to initial aqueous concentrations of each herbicide at 25, 75, 150 and 300 mu g/L for 66 d. At harvest, shoot and root biomass of untreated controls by species increased from 100 to > 1500%. While both grass species increased in biomass following exposure to ALS-inhibitors at rates up to 300 mu g/L, the shoot biomass of panicgrass was inhibited by bispyribac and penoxsulam at concentrations of 75 mu g/L and higher when compared to untreated controls. Maidencane was generally more tolerant than panicgrass to all three herbicides. Bulrush shoot growth was inhibited at all concentrations, with differential responses to the 3 herbicides. Pickerelweed shoot growth was reduced below pre-treatment weights at 25 mu g/L and higher following treatment with penoxsulam and bispyribac. Sagittaria was more sensitive to penoxsulam at rates of 25 and 75 ug/L compared to imazamox and bispyribac. There was inhibition of root growth for all species, but whether inhibition resulted from direct toxicity to roots or as an indirect result of shoot inhibition was not determined. The spectrum of herbicidal activity for all three herbicides was similar (in order of increasing tolerance: pickerelweed < sagittaria < bulrush < panicgrass < maidencane). Use patterns for control of submersed plants need to be established in order to determine the likelihood of impacting non-target emergent plants. C1 SePRO Corp, Carmel, IN 46032 USA. Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ctr Aquat & Invas Plants, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. USA ERDC, Ctr Aquat & Invas Plants, Gainesville, FL USA. BASF Corp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Valent USA Corp, Walnut Creek, CA 94596 USA. RP Koschnick, TJ (reprint author), SePRO Corp, 11550 N Meridian St,Ste 600, Carmel, IN 46032 USA. EM tylerk@sepro.com NR 20 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 7 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI LEHIGH ACRES PA PO BOX 1477, LEHIGH ACRES, FL 33970 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 45 BP 47 EP 51 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 154UB UT WOS:000245532200010 ER PT J AU Nelson, LS Glomski, LM Gladwin, DN AF Nelson, Linda S. Glomski, L. M. Gladwin, D. N. TI Effect of glyphosate rate and spray volume on control of giant salvinia SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID AMMONIUM-SULFATE; WATER-QUALITY; PHYTOTOXICITY; EFFICACY; SURFACTANTS; MOLESTA C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. SpecPro Inc, USA Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. US Geol Survey, MidContinent Ecol Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. RP Nelson, LS (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Linda.S.Nelson@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI LEHIGH ACRES PA PO BOX 1477, LEHIGH ACRES, FL 33970 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 45 BP 58 EP 61 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 154UB UT WOS:000245532200013 ER PT J AU Poovey, AG Getsinger, KD AF Poovey, Angela G. Getsinger, Kurt D. TI Subsurface applications of triclopyr and 2,4-D amine for control of water chestnut (Trapa natans L.) SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID EURASIAN WATERMILFOIL; LAKE SEMINOLE; LARGE RIVER; MANAGEMENT; MACROPHYTE; DISSIPATION; EFFICACY; GEORGIA C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Poovey, AG (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Angela.G.Poovey@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI LEHIGH ACRES PA PO BOX 1477, LEHIGH ACRES, FL 33970 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 45 BP 63 EP 66 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 154UB UT WOS:000245532200015 ER PT J AU Frattarelli, JL Hong, S McWilliams, GDE AF Frattarelli, John L. Hong, Steve McWilliams, Grant D. E. TI Surgical competence of Obstetrics and Gynecology residents performing microsurgical tubal anastamoses SO JOURNAL OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION AND GENETICS LA English DT Article DE surgical competence; microsurgery; Obstetrics and Gynecology; resident education; tubal anastamosis; tubal ligation ID STERILIZATION; REVERSAL AB Objective: To assess tubal patency rates after microsurgical tubal anastamosis in a residency program. Study design: Retrospective cohort analysis. Primary outcome measurement was tubal patency rates. Results: Twenty-seven of the forty-nine patients (55.1%) had bilateral tubal patency and twenty-one of the forty-nine (42.9%) had only one tube open after surgery. No statistical difference in tubal patency rate was noted between the REI staff (85.7%) and the resident (71.4%) (p=0.09). No statistical difference was noted when comparing the patency rate of the residents' first procedure (68.6%) to subsequent procedures (72.8%) (p=0.99). Conclusions: These data suggest that with appropriate guidance, residents without prior experience are able to perform microsurgical procedures under direct supervision. Residents completed the procedure with patency rates similar to the REI staff. Additionally, tubal patency rates were not significant different in comparing the residents' first or subsequent procedures. C1 Reprod Med Associates New Jersey, Somerset, NJ 08873 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Frattarelli, JL (reprint author), Reprod Med Associates New Jersey, 100 Franklin Sq Dr,Suite 200, Somerset, NJ 08873 USA. EM jfrattarelli@rmanj.com NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1058-0468 J9 J ASSIST REPROD GEN JI J. Assist. Reprod. Genet. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 24 IS 1 BP 53 EP 56 DI 10.1007/s10815-006-9075-8 PG 4 WC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 132VR UT WOS:000243971200010 PM 17177109 ER PT J AU Dingwell, JB Kang, HG Marin, LC AF Dingwell, Jonathan B. Kang Hyun Gu Marin, Laura C. TI The effects of sensory loss and walking speed on the orbital dynamic stability of human walking SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE walking; neuropathy; speed; dynamic stability; nonlinear dynamics ID CONTINUOUS OVERGROUND WALKING; PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; OLDER-ADULTS; KINEMATIC VARIABILITY; TIME-SERIES; GAIT; FALL; RISK; STABILIZATION; LOCOMOTION AB Peripheral sensory feedback is believed to contribute significantly to maintaining walking stability. Patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy have a greatly increased risk of falling. Previously, we demonstrated that slower walking speeds in neuropathic patients lead to improved local dynamic stability. However, all subjects exhibited significant local instability during walking, even though no subject fell or stumbled during testing. The present study was conducted to determine if and how significant changes in peripheral sensation and walking speed affect orbital stability during walking. Trunk and lower extremity kinematics were examined from two prior experiments that compared patients with significant neuropathy to healthy controls and walking at multiple different speeds in young healthy subjects. Maximum Floquet multipliers were computed for each time series to quantify the orbital stability of these movements. All subjects exhibited orbitally stable walking kinematics, even though these same kinematics were previously shown to be locally unstable. Differences in orbital stability between neuropathic and control subjects were small and, with the exception of knee joint movements (p = 0.001), not statistically significant (0.380 <= p <= 0.946). Differences in knee orbital stability were not mediated by differences in walking speed. This was supported by our finding that although orbital stability improved slightly with slower walking speeds, the correlations between walking speed and orbital stability were generally weak (r(2) <= 16.7%). Thus, neuropathic patients do not gain improved orbital stability as a result of slowing down and do not experience any loss of orbital stability because of their sensory deficits. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Kinesiol & Hlth Educ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Mil Performance Lab, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Dingwell, JB (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Kinesiol & Hlth Educ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM jdingwell@mail.utexas.edu OI Dingwell, Jonathan/0000-0001-6990-4153 NR 40 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 5 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9290 J9 J BIOMECH JI J. Biomech. PY 2007 VL 40 IS 8 BP 1723 EP 1730 DI 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2006.08.006 PG 8 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA 177ZR UT WOS:000247191500010 PM 17055516 ER PT J AU Song, B Chen, W Ge, Y Weerasoorlya, T AF Song, Bo Chen, Weinong Ge, Yun Weerasoorlya, Tusit TI Dynamic and quasi-static compressive response of porcine muscle SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE biological tissue; porcine muscle; dynamic behavior; impact bioniechanics; split hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB); stress-strain; strain rate ID HOPKINSON PRESSURE BAR; SOFT MATERIALS; STRAIN RATES; STRESS; TISSUE; BIOMECHANICS; INERTIA AB Research and application activities in impact biomechanics require dynamic response of biological tissues under high-rate loading. However, experimental difficulties have limited the characterization of soft tissues under such loading conditions. In this paper, we identify these technical challenges in dynamic compression experiments using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) and present the remedies to overcome them. In order to subject the specimens to valid dynamic testing conditions, in addition to developing new pulse-shaping techniques and incorporating highly sensitive load-measuring transducers, annular thin-disc specimens radically different from regular solid specimens were used to minimize radial inertia effects that may overshadow the intrinsic material properties. By using this modified SHPB, the compressive stress-strain behavior of soft porcine muscle tissue was obtained along and perpendicular to the muscle fiber direction from quasi-static to dynamic strain rates. The results show that the non-linear compressive stress-strain responses in both directions are strongly strain-rate sensitive. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Song, B (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM songb@purdue.edu RI Ge, Yun/B-7661-2012; Song, Bo/D-3945-2011 NR 31 TC 59 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9290 J9 J BIOMECH JI J. Biomech. PY 2007 VL 40 IS 13 BP 2999 EP 3005 DI 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2007.02.001 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA 222EB UT WOS:000250277800022 PM 17448479 ER PT J AU Becker, TD Agee, KA Joyce, AP Rueggeberg, FA Borke, JL Waller, JL Tay, FR Pashley, DH AF Becker, Thomas D. Agee, Kelli A. Joyce, Anthony P. Rueggeberg, Frederick A. Borke, James L. Waller, Jennifer L. Tay, Franklin R. Pashley, David H. TI Infiltration/evaporation-induced shrinkage of demineralized dentin by solvated model adhesives SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Article DE collagen; demineralized dentin; hydrophilic; model primers; alcohol ID DIMENSIONAL CHANGES; RESIN HYDROPHILICITY; PHASE-SEPARATION; WATER; INTERFACE; STRENGTH; PRIMERS; MATRIX; BOND AB During dentin bonding, solvated adhesive comonomers are applied to water-saturated decalcified dentin matrices. When alcohol-solvated hydrophilic or hydrophobic methacrylate monomers are applied, they chemically remove water and cause matrix shrinkage during comonomer infiltration.. Evaporation of solvent induces further shrinkage. The purpose of this work was to compare the shrinkage of water-saturated dentin matrices infiltrated with ethanol- or methanol-solvated 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), 2,2-bis[4(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxy-propyloxy)-phenyl] propane (BisGMA), or triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) at 90/10, 70/30, 50/50, and 30/70 mass fraction % alcohol/ monomer before and after evaporation of alcohol. Thin (ca 0.2 mm) disks of human mid-coronal dentin were demineralized and placed in a well beneath the contact probe of a linear variable differential transformer (LVDT). The height of the matrix was measured before and after random application of one of the twelve alcohol/monomer mixtures. Matrix height was measured during infiltration and during solvent evaporation. Between trials, residual monomer was extracted using ethanol. These studies were repeated on specimens in which 100% alcohol was used to substitute for water in the matrix. Both studies revealed that matrices shrink 30-50% but that pretreatment of matrices with alcohol prevents BisGMA phase separations from occurring. Wet bonding with ethanol instead of water permits infiltration of relatively hydrophobic alcohol/monomers. (c) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Med Coll Georgia, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Biol & Maxillofacial Pathol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. USA, DENTAC, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Div Mat Sci, Dept Oral Rehabil, Sch Dent, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Pashley, DH (reprint author), Med Coll Georgia, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Biol & Maxillofacial Pathol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. EM dpashley@mcg.edu FU NIDCR NIH HHS [R01 DE 014911] NR 18 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1552-4973 EI 1552-4981 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES B JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B PD JAN PY 2007 VL 80B IS 1 BP 156 EP 165 DI 10.1002/jbm.b.30580 PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 119NE UT WOS:000243018200019 PM 16680696 ER PT J AU Hedman, TL Chapman, TT Dewey, WS Quick, CD Wolf, SE Holcomb, JB AF Hedman, Travis L. Chapman, Ted T. Dewey, William S. Quick, Charles D. Wolf, Steven E. Holcomb, John B. TI Two simple leg net devices designed to protect lower-extremity skin grafts and donor sites and prevent decubitus ulcer SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38th Annual Meeting of the American-Burn-Association CY APR 04-07, 2006 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Burn Assoc ID PRESSURE SORE RISK; BURN PATIENTS AB Burn therapists routinely are tasked to position the lower extremities of burn patients for pressure ulcer prevention, skin graft protection, donor site ventilation, and edema reduction. We developed two durable and low-maintenance devices that allow effective positioning of the lower extremities. The high-profile and low-profile leg net devices were simple to fabricate and maintain. The frame was assembled using a three-quarter-inch diameter copper pipe and copper fittings (45 degrees, 90 degrees, and tees). A double layer of elasticized tubular netting was pulled over the frame and doubled back for leg support to complete the devices. The devices can be placed on any bed surface. The netting can be exchanged when soiled and the frame can be disinfected between patients using standard techniques. Both devices were used on approximately 250 patients for a total of 1200 treatment days. No incidence of pressure ulcer was observed, and graft take was not adversely affected. The devices have not required repairs or replacement. Medical providers reported they are easy to apply and effectively maintain proper positioning throughout application. Neither device interfered with the application of other positioning devices. Both devices were found to be an effective method of positioning lower extremities to prevent pressure ulcer, minimize graft loss and donor site morbidity, and reduce edema. The devices allowed for proper wound ventilation and protected grafted lower extremities on any bed surface. The devices are simple to fabricate and maintain. Both devices can be effectively used simultaneously with other positioning devices. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Army Burn Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hedman, TL (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Army Burn Ctr, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. OI Wolf, Steven/0000-0003-2972-3440 NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1559-047X J9 J BURN CARE RES JI J. Burn Care Res. PD JAN-FEB PY 2007 VL 28 IS 1 BP 115 EP 119 DI 10.1097/BCR.0b013E31802C8910 PG 5 WC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery GA 127IV UT WOS:000243580000018 PM 17211210 ER PT J AU Dewey, WS Hedman, TL Chapman, TT Wolf, SE Holcomb, JB AF Dewey, William S. Hedman, Travis L. Chapman, Ted T. Wolf, Steven E. Holcomb, John B. TI The reliability and concurrent validity of the figure-of-eight method of measuring hand edema in patients with burns SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Objective: Water volumetry is considered the "gold standard" for hand edema assessment. This technique requires considerable time, staff, and specialized equipment. The figure-of-eight method for hand edema assessment has been tested only in the orthopedic population. The objective of this study was to test the reliability. and concurrent validity of the figure-of-eight method of measuring hand edema in the burn patient population. Methods: We conducted a prospective blinded study with 20 burned patients (33 edematous hands) admitted from February to May 2005. Two testers performed three separate blinded measurements on each edematous hand, using the figure-of-eight technique. A third tester performed two measurements, using water volumetry. An independent investigator recorded all measurements. Intratester and intertester reliability were analyzed. Concurrent validity was examined and compared with water volumetry measurements. Results: Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for the intratester reliability of the figure-of-eight method were 0.96 for tester 1 and 0.97 for tester 2. The ICC for intertester reliability of the figure-of-eight measurements was 0.94. The intratester ICC for volumetric measurements was 0.99. Correlation coefficient (Pearson's) for tester 1 was 0.83 (P < .01), and for tester 2, 0.89 (P < .01). Conclusion: The figure-of-eight technique is a reliable and valid measurement tool for measuring hand edema. This technique is a more clinically feasible tool than water volumetry in the burn patient population. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Burn Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Dewey, WS (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Burn Ctr, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. OI Wolf, Steven/0000-0003-2972-3440 NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1559-047X J9 J BURN CARE RES JI J. Burn Care Res. PD JAN-FEB PY 2007 VL 28 IS 1 BP 157 EP 162 DI 10.1097/BCR.0b013e31802c9eb9 PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery GA 127IV UT WOS:000243580000027 PM 17211219 ER PT J AU Cohen, DJ AF Cohen, David J. TI Cardiothoracic surgery at a crossroads: The impact of disruptive technologic change SO JOURNAL OF CARDIOTHORACIC SURGERY LA English DT Review AB At the beginning of the twenty-first century, cardiothoracic surgery is arguably the most successful of all medical specialties. There are effective treatments including transplantation, for almost all cardiac and thoracic diseases that can be performed with low morbidity and mortality. Cardiothoracic surgeons have mastered technical difficulties through innovation, hard work, planning and skill. Yet in the past decade, the primacy of cardiothoracic surgery has been challenged by new technologies. This paper applies business school theories to examine how cardiothoracic surgeons might best respond to such "disruptive technologies". Otherwise well-managed business and industrial enterprises have had difficulty dealing with disruptive technological change because of well-recognized organizational impediments. Cardiothoracic surgeons must understand the characteristics of disruptive technologies and consider organizational changes that will allow the profession to better adapt to them. C1 [Cohen, David J.] USA, Med Corps, San Antonio, TX USA. [Cohen, David J.] Alamo Cardiothorac Surg Associates PA, San Antonio, TX USA. EM david_j_cohen@hotmail.com NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1749-8090 J9 J CARDIOTHORAC SURG JI J. Cardiothorac. Surg. PY 2007 VL 2 AR 35 DI 10.1186/1749-8090-2-35 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA V83HU UT WOS:000205631000035 PM 17686151 ER PT J AU Lee, MS Olson, MA AF Lee, Michael S. Olson, Mark A. TI Assessment of detection and refinement strategies for de novo protein structures using force field and statistical potentials SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID PHYSICAL ENERGY FUNCTIONS; GAS REFERENCE STATE; STRUCTURE PREDICTION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; IMPLICIT SOLVENT; GENERALIZED BORN; MEAN FORCE; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; SOLVATION ENERGIES; SCORING FUNCTIONS AB De novo predictions of protein structures at high resolution are plagued by the problem of detecting the native conformation from false energy minima. In this work, we provide an assessment of various detection and refinement protocols on a small subset of the second-generation all-atom Rosetta decoy set (Tsai et al. Proteins 2003, 53, 76-87) using two potentials: the all-atom CHARMM PARAM22 force field combined with generalized Born/surface-area (GB-SA) implicit solvation and the DFIRE-AA statistical potential. Detection schemes included DFIRE-AA conformational scoring and energy minimization followed by scoring with both GB-SA and DFIRE-AA potentials. Refinement methods included short-time (1-ps) molecular dynamics simulations, temperature-based replica exchange molecular dynamics, and a new computational unfold/refold procedure. Refinement methods include temperature-based replica exchange molecular dynamics and a new computational unfold/refold procedure. Our results indicate that simple detection with only minimization is the best protocol for finding the most nativelike structures in the decoy set. The refinement techniques that we tested are generally unsuccessful in improving detection; however, they provide marginal improvements to some of the decoy structures. Future directions in the development of refinement techniques are discussed in the context of the limitations of the protocols evaluated in this study. C1 USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Lee, MS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM michael.lee@amedd.army.mil NR 67 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9618 J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT JI J. Chem. Theory Comput. PD JAN-FEB PY 2007 VL 3 IS 1 BP 312 EP 324 DI 10.1021/ct600195f PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 132TV UT WOS:000243966000031 PM 26627174 ER PT J AU Fan, YH Lazenbery, L Foster, E Duelm, F Grant, E AF Fan, Yun-Hua Lazenbery, Luann Foster, Elizabeth Duelm, Felix Grant, Earl, Jr. TI Improved quantitative method for G6PD deficiency detection SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE G6PD; glucose-6-phosphate; hemoglobin ID GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE-DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY; MOLECULAR-BASIS; MALARIA; ANEMIA AB Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a common hereditary enzyme defect that affects over 400 million people worldwide. Deficiency in G6PD can cause hemolytic anemia, which can be fatal if it is not treated properly. Mass qualitative G6PD-deficiency screening methods have been available for some time; however, in this study we developed the first high-throughput quantitative method for measuring G6PD activity. A patient's blood can be analyzed directly from the original collection tubes on a Hitachi P modular serum work area (SWA), which dramatically reduces the analysis time and the cost of the assay. The results presented here may enable the development of other improved, automated assays of whole-blood samples. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Reference Chem Lab, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Area Lab Seerv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Fan, YH (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Reference Chem Lab, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM yunhua.fan@us.army.mil NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-8013 J9 J CLIN LAB ANAL JI J. Clin. Lab. Anal. PY 2007 VL 21 IS 2 BP 107 EP 113 DI 10.1002/jcla.20117 PG 7 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 152NP UT WOS:000245369000010 PM 17385678 ER PT J AU Li, YL Ramesh, KT Chin, ESC AF Li, Yulong Ramesh, K. T. Chin, E. S. C. TI Plastic deformation and failure in A359 aluminum and an A359-SiCp MMC under quasistatic and high-strain-rate tension SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE metal-matrix composite; high strain rates; dynamic; tension; failure ID METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITE; FUNCTIONALLY GRADED METALS; CERAMIC COMPOSITES; FRACTURE-BEHAVIOR; DAMAGE; ALLOY; TEMPERATURE; COMPRESSION; EVOLUTION; SHAPE AB The deformation and failure (under quasistatic and dynamic tension) of an A359 aluminum alloy and an A359 aluminum alloy reinforced by 20vol.% SiC particles have been investigated. Tensile strains are measured using the laser occlusive radius detector (LORD) and/or strain gauge in Kolsky bar tests, and using the LORD and/or clip extensometer in quasistatic tests. The influence of the rate of deformation on the tensile stress-strain curves and on the failure strains is determined for these heterogeneous materials. Both composite and matrix behave in a brittle manner with no necking before fracture, and the tensile failure strain is slightly reduced at high strain rates. The fracture surfaces and the microstructure of the tested specimens of each material are examined using scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy. The tensile failure of the A359 matrix alloy and the composite are controlled by the microcracking of Si particles. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Ramesh, KT (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM ramesh@jhu.edu NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 15 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0021-9983 J9 J COMPOS MATER JI J. Compos Mater. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 41 IS 1 BP 27 EP 40 DI 10.1177/0021998306063351 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 138OQ UT WOS:000244372500002 ER PT J AU Birnholtz, JP Horn, DB AF Birnholtz, Jeremy P. Horn, Daniel B. TI Shake, rattle and roles: Lessons from experimental earthquake engineering for incorporating remote users in large-scale e-science experiments SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTER-MEDIATED COMMUNICATION LA English DT Article ID CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE AB While there has been substantial interest in using e-science and cyberinfrastructure technologies to enable synchronous remote participation in experimental research, the details of such participation are. in Question, On the one hand, there is a desire. to give remote participants the same, views and capabilities that they would have as local participants. On the other hand, there are settings where experimental specimens and apparatus are large and difficult to manipulate effectively or view from a remote vantage point. This article argues for more novel forms of remote participation by drawing on exploratory interview and observation data gathered in civil engineering laboratories. It is shown that, while experiments are. in progress, the engineers studied focus primarily on detecting and preventing specimen failure, and that their unease about remote participation sterns from doubts about the ability of remote participants to detect failures adequately. It is argued that this presents the opportunity to consider novel roles for remote participants that exploit the features of e-science technologies. C1 Univ Toronto, Knowledge Media Design Inst, Toronto, ON M5S 2E4, Canada. USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. RP Birnholtz, JP (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Knowledge Media Design Inst, 40 St George St,Room 7204, Toronto, ON M5S 2E4, Canada. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1730 RHODE ISLAND AVENUE, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1083-6101 J9 J COMPUT-MEDIAT COMM JI J. Comput.-Mediat. Commun. PD JAN PY 2007 VL 12 IS 2 AR 17 PG 20 WC Communication; Information Science & Library Science SC Communication; Information Science & Library Science GA 129GW UT WOS:000243717700017 ER EF