FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Heidenreich, A Neubauer, S Mostofi, FK Sesterhenn, IA Moul, JW Engelmann, UH AF Heidenreich, A Neubauer, S Mostofi, FK Sesterhenn, IA Moul, JW Engelmann, UH TI Mature, clinical stage I testicular teratoma: retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy or surveillance? SO UROLOGE-AUSGABE A LA German DT Article DE teratoma; nonseminomatous germ cell tumor; retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy; surveillance ID PRIMARY PURE TERATOMA; GERM-CELL TUMORS; TESTIS; CARCINOMA; PROGNOSIS; CANCER; HISTOPATHOLOGY; CHEMOTHERAPY; PREDICTION; ADULT AB Pure teratomas are considered to be less aggressive and less likely to metastasize than other nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. Therefore, patients with mature teratomas are considered to be candidates for surveillance protocols. We report on the clinical history and treatment of 44 patients with a primary pure testicular teratoma. In all, 35 patients (79.5%) presented with clinically low-stage disease [n = 26, clinical stage I (59.1%); n = 9, clinical stage IIA/B (20.4%)] and underwent radical orchiectomy followed by retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy (RPLND); nine patients (20.5%) presented with clinically advanced disease (clinical stage IIC to stage IV). Archival tumor blocks were available for pathological reevaluation and serial sections were obtained in all cases. The frequency of lymph node metastases in patients with clinical stage I disease was 19.2%; in patients with clinical stage IIA/B the risk was 66%. Pathohistological diagnosis of mature teratoma was confirmed in all cases; however, 17/20 patients demonstrated scars or calcifications in the adjacent parenchyma, indicating a burned-out tumor and 3/20 demonstrated microfocal germ cell tumor elements. None of the clinical stage I patients relapsed during follow-up; relapse rate among patients with stage IIA/B disease was 33%. Our data demonstrate the malignant potential of pure testicular mature teratoma. Based on our results, metastases in testicular mature teratoma seem to result from metastazising nan-germ-cell components undergoing early regression as demonstrated by the high frequency of burned-out tumors. We recommend serial sections of the orchiectomy specimen in all cases of pure mature teratoma for deciding on adequate management: RPLND in cases with associated scars, calcifications or microfocal malignant germ cell components, and surveillance in cases with pure mature teratomas. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT SURG,BETHESDA,MD 20814. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Heidenreich, A (reprint author), UNIV COLOGNE,KLIN & POLIKLIN UROL,MED ENRICHTUNGEN,JOSEPH STELZMANN STR 9,D-50931 COLOGNE,GERMANY. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0340-2592 J9 UROLOGE A JI Urol.-Ausg. A PD SEP PY 1997 VL 36 IS 5 BP 440 EP 444 DI 10.1007/s001200050123 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XZ911 UT WOS:A1997XZ91100008 PM 9424796 ER PT J AU Jacobson, ER Adams, HP Geisbert, TW Tucker, SJ Hall, BJ Homer, BL AF Jacobson, ER Adams, HP Geisbert, TW Tucker, SJ Hall, BJ Homer, BL TI Pulmonary lesions in experimental ophidian paramyxovirus pneumonia of Aruba Island rattlesnakes, Crotalus unicolor SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE electron microscopy; light microscopy; lung; paramyxovirus; pneumonia rattlesnakes; transmission ID SYNCYTIAL VIRUS PNEUMONIA; DISTEMPER; SNAKES; COLLECTION; INFECTION; CALVES; LUNG AB Histologic and ultrastructural changes were observed in the respiratory portions of luna in five 29-40-month-old Aruba Island rattlesnakes, Crotalus unicolor; that were inoculated with an Aruba Island Rattlesnake virus (AIV) strain of ophidian paramyxovirus (OPMV) isolated from an Aruba Island rattlesnake. Lungs from one non-infected and three mock-infected Aruba Island rattlesnakes were examined also. From 4 to 22 days following intratracheal inoculation, progressive microscopic changes were seen in the lung. Initially, increased numbers of heterophils were observed in the interstitium followed by proliferation and vacuolation of epithelial cells lining faveoli. The changes appeared to progress from cranial to caudal portions of the respiratory lung following inoculation. Beginning at 4 days postinoculation, viral antigen was demonstrated in epithelial cells lining faveoli with an immunofluorescent technique using a rabbit anti-AN polyclonal antibody. Electron microscopy revealed loss of type I cells, hyperplasia of type II cells, and interstitial infiltrates of heterophils and mononuclear cells. Viral nucleocapsid material was seen within the cytoplasm and mature virus was seen budding from cytoplasmic membranes of infected type I and type II cells from 8 to 19 days after infection. A virus consistent with AN was isolated from lung tissues of infected rattlesnakes, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates. C1 UNIV FLORIDA,COLL VET MED,DEPT PATHOBIOL,GAINESVILLE,FL 32610. NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,ELECTRON MICROSCOPY LAB,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. RP Jacobson, ER (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,COLL VET MED,DEPT SMALL ANIM CLIN SCI,BOX 100126,GAINESVILLE,FL 32610, USA. NR 20 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER COLL VET PATHOLOGIST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 34 IS 5 BP 450 EP 459 PG 10 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA XW975 UT WOS:A1997XW97500009 PM 9381656 ER PT J AU Liang, MF Guttieri, M Lundkvist, A Schmaljohn, C AF Liang, MF Guttieri, M Lundkvist, A Schmaljohn, C TI Baculovirus expression of a human G2-specific, neutralizing IgG monoclonal antibody to Puumala virus SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HANTAAN-VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; RENAL SYNDROME; NEPHROPATHIA-EPIDEMICA; VACCINIA VIRUS; HANTAVIRUS INFECTION; IMMUNITY; MICE; PROTECTION; SEGMENTS AB We amplified by polymerase chain reaction the heavy-and light-chain antibody genes of a human hybridoma secreting a neutralizing, IgG monoclonal antibody to the G2 protein of Puumala virus. The heavy-and light-chain genes were cloned and sequenced and the deduced amino acids were aligned with those of other human antibodies to identify the constant and variable regions. The genes were cloned into the baculovirus plasmid transfer vector pACUW51 such that the heavy-chain and light-chain genes were under control of the baculovirus polyhedrin or p10 promoters, respectively. The transfer vector plasmid was cotransfected into cultured Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells with linearized DNA of the baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, and recombinant baculoviruses were selected by plaque formation on monolayers of Sf9 cells. Expression and secretion of an IgG monoclonal antibody was confirmed by assay of recombinant-infected Sf9 cell supernatants for the presence of the heavy and light chains. specificity of the expressed human antibody was determined by immune-precipitation of radiolabeled Puumala virus proteins and by ELISA with Puumala virus-infected cell lysates. Similar quantities of the expressed IgG and the authentic monoclonal antibody neutralized Puumala virus in plaque-reduction neutralization assays. Neither the authentic nor the recombinant antibody could passively protect hamsters from challenge with Puumala virus; however, our results demonstrate the potential of this methodology for production of biologically active neutralizing antibodies. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV VIROL,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. SWEDISH INST INFECT DIS CONTROL,S-10521 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. NR 41 TC 24 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 235 IS 2 BP 252 EP 260 DI 10.1006/viro.1997.8695 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA XV859 UT WOS:A1997XV85900009 PM 9281505 ER PT J AU Krasko, GL AF Krasko, GL TI Effect of impurities on the electronic structure of grain boundaries and intergranular cohesion in iron and tungsten SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on the Strength of Materials (ICSMA-11) CY AUG 25-29, 1997 CL PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC DE iron; tungsten; grain boundary; intergranular cohesion; impurities; site competition effect ID PHOSPHORUS; EMBRITTLEMENT; BORON AB The semi-empirical and first-principles calculations of the energetics and the electronic structures of impurities on a Sigma 3 (111) grain boundary (GB) in Fe and W have revealed important features of the impurity effects. In both Fe and W, impurities Such as N, O, P, S and Si, weaken the intergranular cohesion resulting in 'loosening' of the GB. The presence of B and C on the contrary, enhances the interatomic interaction across the GB. Boron plays a dual role in both Fe and W; not only does its presence at GBs enhance the intergranular cohesion, but it also accomplishes 'site competition cleansing' by displacing the other impurity atoms off the GB. Micro alloying with 10-50 ppm B may be an effective way of improving the ductility of both Fe-base alloys and W. Another important result is understanding the decohesion effect of H in Fe. Contrary to general belief, H does not contribute its electron to the Fe d-bands at all. Instead, the electron stays very strongly localized close to its proton. There is also virtually no hybridization with the Fe electrons and virtually no effect on Fe atoms magnetization. As a result the interatomic bonding along the Fe-atom chains via H atoms is very inefficient, thus resulting in significant weakening of the intergranular cohesion. These results are important for understanding the fundamental physics of intergranular embrittlement. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. RP Krasko, GL (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,MET RES BRANCH,DIV MAT,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005, USA. NR 13 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD AUG 30 PY 1997 VL 234 BP 1071 EP 1074 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(97)00417-6 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA XV252 UT WOS:A1997XV25200266 ER PT J AU Abdelrahim, M Morris, E Carver, J Facchina, S White, A Verma, A AF Abdelrahim, M Morris, E Carver, J Facchina, S White, A Verma, A TI Liquid chromatographic assay of dityrosine in human cerebrospinal fluid SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B LA English DT Article DE dityrosine ID SELECTIVE PROTEOLYSIS; CROSS-LINKING; IN-VIVO; OXIDATION; PROTEINS; MARKERS AB A micro-scale method for separation and measurement of dityrosine in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is described utilizing liquid-liquid extraction and ion-paired, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection. A mobile phase containing 1-heptanesulfonic acid linearly increased in methanol from 0 to 100% over 30 min allows the resolution of dityrosine from other fluorescent compounds with excitation at 285 nm and emission at 410 nm. As little as 0.15 mi CSF sample can be utilized with a detection limit of 60 pg dityrosine on the column. This method facilitates the use of CSF dityrosine as a measure of free radical mediated protein damage in the central nervous system. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,NATL NAVAL MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. OHIO STATE MED CTR,CRIT CARE DIV,COLUMBUS,OH. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4347 J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B PD AUG 29 PY 1997 VL 696 IS 2 BP 175 EP 182 DI 10.1016/S0378-4347(97)00248-X PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA XW881 UT WOS:A1997XW88100001 PM 9323538 ER PT J AU Nastrom, GD Eaton, FD AF Nastrom, GD Eaton, FD TI Turbulence eddy dissipation rates from radar observations at 5-20 km at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; GRAVITY-WAVES; VHF RADAR; DIFFUSIVITY; LAYERS AB A climatology of the eddy dissipation rate is presented based on the widths of the Doppler radar spectra observed by the 50-MHz, clear-air profiler located at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico. The observations are from radar beams 15 degrees off zenith and extend from about 5 to 20 km altitude. The data are nearly continuous over the 5-year period 1991-1995. Mean corrections to the observed spectral widths are much larger for beam-broadening effects than for vertical shear of the wind or gravity-wave effects. The mean eddy dissipation rate falls between about 10(-35) and 10(-25) m(2) s(-3) altitudes and all seasons. The hourly means at a given height have an approximately lognormal frequency distribution. The hourly values have larger standard deviations in the troposphere than in the stratosphere. The maximum eddy dissipation rate is found at the lowest altitude observed, and the minimum value is found about 2-3 km below the tropopause, depending upon season. At about 6-10 km altitude the summer values of eddy dissipation rate are several decibels larger than those during other seasons. When the observations are sorted according to distance from the tropopause, there is very little difference among the seasonal values. The summer tropospheric values show very large interannual changes; the large values of eddy dissipation rate correlate with high surface temperatures and with large mean hourly standard deviations of vertical velocity (an indicator of convective activity in the troposphere). The diurnal changes of eddy dissipation rate and of hourly vertical velocity standard deviations also have similar patterns; that is, largest values occur in the afternoon, and smallest values occur during the night. The largest diurnal range of eddy dissipation rates is found during the summer in the troposphere. The correlation of hourly values of eddy dissipation rate with hourly values of wind speed and vertical wind shear is relatively low, which suggests that the eddy dissipation rate is strongly controlled by the small-scale flow and is not well predicted from features of the large-scale flow. C1 USA, RES LAB, WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE, NM 88002 USA. RP ST CLOUD STATE UNIV, DEPT EARTH SCI, ST CLOUD, MN 56301 USA. NR 30 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD AUG 27 PY 1997 VL 102 IS D16 BP 19495 EP 19505 DI 10.1029/97JD01262 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XT934 UT WOS:A1997XT93400009 ER PT J AU Meese, DA Reimnitz, E Tucker, WB Gow, AJ Bischof, J Darby, D AF Meese, DA Reimnitz, E Tucker, WB Gow, AJ Bischof, J Darby, D TI Evidence for radionuclide transport by sea ice SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Symposium and International Conference on Environmental Radioactivity in the Arctic CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL OSLO, NORWAY DE sea ice; sediment; radionuclides; contaminants; AOS-94 ID ENTRAINMENT; SEDIMENTS; ALASKA AB Ice and ice-borne sediments were collected across the Arctic Basin during the Arctic Ocean Section, 1994 (AOS-94), a recent US/Canada trans-Arctic expedition. Sediments were analysed for Cs-137, clay mineralogy and carbon. Concentrations of Cs-137 ranged from 5 to 73 Bq kg(-1) in the ice-borne sediments. Concentrations of ice samples without sediment were all less than 1 Bq m(-3). The sediment sample with the highest Cs-137 concentration (73 Bq kg(-1)) was collected in the Beaufort Sea. This concentration was significantly higher than in bottom sediments collected in the same area, indicating an ice transport mechanism from an area with correspondingly higher concentrations. Recent results from the application of ice transport models and sediment analyses indicate that it is very likely that sediments are transported by ice, from the Siberian shelf areas to the Beaufort Sea. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 US GEOL SURVEY, MENLO PK, CA 94025 USA. OLD DOMINION UNIV, APPL MARINE RES LAB, NORFOLK, VA 23529 USA. RP Meese, DA (reprint author), USA, COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB, 72 LYME RD, HANOVER, NH 03755 USA. RI Darby, Dennis/A-9219-2010 OI Darby, Dennis/0000-0002-3112-9072 NR 26 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD AUG 25 PY 1997 VL 202 IS 1-3 BP 267 EP 278 DI 10.1016/S0048-9697(97)00121-6 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA XL739 UT WOS:A1997XL73900022 ER PT J AU Luo, CY Liang, JD AF Luo, CY Liang, JD TI Evaluation of combined toxic effects of GB/GF and efficacy of Jielin Injection against combined poisoning in mice SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE nerve agent; combined toxicity; acetylcholinesterase; Jielin Injection ID OXIMES; GF; SOMAN AB A computer program (e-test) was used to evaluate the combined toxic effects of nerve agent GF and its combined form with sarin (GB/GF) in mice; Efficacy of Jielin Injection, the 2-PAM-containing antidote used successfully in China for the treatment of organophosphate pesticide poisoning, was also evaluated and compared with HI-6 against single and combined poisonings. The two agents were basically additive in toxicity when combined. However, toxic signs (convulsions) appeared later in combined poisoning than after exposure to each agent alone. The protective ratio of Jielin Injection against GF poisoning was low but significantly higher when against poisoning by GB or combined agent. When HI-6 was substituted for 2-PAM, the antidote was more effective against poisoning by both single and combined agents. Results of in vitro reactivation of GF-inhibited human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase by these oximes agreed with the in vivo antidotal efficacy. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 INST PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,BEIJING 100850,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP Luo, CY (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD AUG 22 PY 1997 VL 92 IS 3 BP 195 EP 200 DI 10.1016/S0378-4274(97)00057-X PG 6 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA XX091 UT WOS:A1997XX09100005 PM 9334830 ER PT J AU Videen, G Pellegrino, P Ngo, D Videen, JS Pinnick, RG AF Videen, G Pellegrino, P Ngo, D Videen, JS Pinnick, RG TI Light-scattering intensity fluctuations in microdroplets containing inclusions SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID MORPHOLOGY-DEPENDENT RESONANCES; RANDOM ROUGH SURFACES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SPHERICAL INCLUSIONS; ECCENTRIC INCLUSION; DIELECTRIC SPHERE; GRAPHITIC CARBON; SUPPRESSION; ENHANCEMENT; ABSORPTION AB A prominent characteristic of the Light scattered from a microparticle containing inclusions is a fluctuation in the intensity that is due to the changing positions of the inclusions with respect to each other and the host droplet. We calculate the magnitude of these fluctuations for a host sphere containing a single eccentrically located spherical inclusion and experimentally measure the fluctuation amplitudes for host spheres containing multiple inclusions. We find that, for sufficiently small single inclusions, the amplitude of the scattering fluctuations increases approximately linearly with the area of the inclusion. For multiple inclusions, the fluctuation amplitude increases with concentration with an approximate power-law dependence. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 NGOCO,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19149. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DIV NEPHROL HYPERTENS,SAN DIEGO,CA 92161. RP Videen, G (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,AMSRL IS EE,2800 POWDER MILL RED,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 34 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 20 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 24 BP 6115 EP 6118 DI 10.1364/AO.36.006115 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA XR271 UT WOS:A1997XR27100048 PM 18259458 ER PT J AU Kuehnert, MJ Jarvis, WR Schaffer, DA Chaffin, DJ AF Kuehnert, MJ Jarvis, WR Schaffer, DA Chaffin, DJ TI Platelet transfusion reaction due to Yersinia enterocolitica SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Kuehnert, MJ (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 20 PY 1997 VL 278 IS 7 BP 550 EP 550 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XQ986 UT WOS:A1997XQ98600027 PM 9268274 ER PT J AU Chan, JHM Chan, DS AF Chan, JHM Chan, DS TI Computer program for tracking incidence of intravascular-device-related infections in patients receiving parenteral nutrition SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY LA English DT Letter C1 TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT ARMY,DEPT PHARM,PY,MCHK,HONOLULU,HI 96859. RP Chan, JHM (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,1145 DAVENPORT ST 305,HONOLULU,HI 96822, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 1079-2082 J9 AM J HEALTH-SYST PH JI Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. PD AUG 15 PY 1997 VL 54 IS 16 BP 1897 EP 1898 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA XX590 UT WOS:A1997XX59000018 PM 9269525 ER PT J AU Longfield, JN Margileth, AM Cruess, DF AF Longfield, JN Margileth, AM Cruess, DF TI Tuberculin skin testing SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 MERCER SCH MED,HILTON HEAD ISL,SC 29925. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP Longfield, JN (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78234, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD AUG 15 PY 1997 VL 127 IS 4 BP 334 EP 334 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XR266 UT WOS:A1997XR26600021 PM 9265441 ER PT J AU Baer, MR Stewart, CC Lawrence, D Arthur, DC Byrd, JC Davey, FR Schiffer, CA Bloomfield, CD AF Baer, MR Stewart, CC Lawrence, D Arthur, DC Byrd, JC Davey, FR Schiffer, CA Bloomfield, CD TI Expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule CD56 is associated with short remission duration and survival in acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22) SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID ACUTE NONLYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA; CHROMOSOMAL-ABNORMALITIES; PROGNOSTIC-SIGNIFICANCE; TRANSLOCATION; DIAGNOSIS; FEATURES; ANTIGEN; BLOOD AB Although acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(8;21) (q22;q22) is associated with a high complete remission (CR) rate and prolonged disease-free survival, treatment outcome is not universally favorable. Identifying factors that predict for treatment outcome might allow therapy to be optimized based on risk. AML with t(8;21) has a distinctive immunophenotype, characterized by expression of the myeloid and stem cell antigens CD13, CD15, CD34, and HLADr, and frequent expression of the B-cell antigen CD19 and the neural cell adhesion molecule CD56, a natural killer cell/stem cell antigen. Because CD56 expression has been associated with both extramedullary leukemia and multidrug resistance, we sought to correlate CD56 expression with treatment outcome in AML with t(8;21). Pretreatment leukemia cells from 29 adult de novo AML patients with t(8;21) treated on Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) protocols were immunophenotyped by multiparameter flow cytometry as part of a prospective immunophenotyping study of adult AML (CALGB 8361). CD56 was expressed in 16 cases (55%). There was no correlation between CD56 expression and age, sex, white blood cell count, granulocyte count, the presence of additional cytogenetic abnormalities, or the presence of extramedullary disease at diagnosis. The CR rate to standard-dose cytarabine and daunorubicin was similar for cases with and without CD56 expression (88% v 92%; P = 1.0). Post-CR therapy included at least one course of high-dose cytarabine in 24 of 26 patients who achieved CR; numbers of courses administered were similar in cases with and without CD56 expression. Although post-CR therapy did not differ, CR duration was significantly shorter in cases with CD56 expression compared with those without (median, 8.7 months v not reached; P = .01), as was survival (median, 16.5 months v not reached; P = .008). We conclude that CD56 expression in AML with t(8;21) is associated with significantly shorter CR duration and survival. Our results suggest that CD56 expression may be useful in stratifying therapy for this subtype of AML. (C) 1997 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. SUNY HLTH SCI CTR,SYRACUSE,NY 13210. UNIV MARYLAND,CTR CANC,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. RP Baer, MR (reprint author), ROSWELL PK CANC INST,DIV MED,ELM & CARLTON ST,BUFFALO,NY 14263, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA31946, CA37027, CA59518] NR 34 TC 140 Z9 153 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD AUG 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 4 BP 1643 EP 1648 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA XR218 UT WOS:A1997XR21800034 PM 9269784 ER PT J AU Jones, KA Cole, MW Han, WY Eckart, DW Hilton, KP Crouch, MA Hughes, BH AF Jones, KA Cole, MW Han, WY Eckart, DW Hilton, KP Crouch, MA Hughes, BH TI Comparison of PdGeTiPt and NiGeAu ohmic contacts to n-GaAs and PdGeTiPt and TiPd contacts to p(+)-GaAs SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; P-GAAS; GE; RESISTANCE AB NiGeAu and PdGeTiPt ohmic contacts to n-GaAs and TiPd and PdGeTiPt ohmic contacts to p(+)-GaAs are examined by comparing their contact resistances, chemical intermixing as determined by Auger electron microscopy, interface structure as determined by transmission electron microscopy, and surface roughness as determined by surface profiling all measured as a function of annealing time and temperature. The n-PdGeTiPt contact annealed for short times, less than or equal to 15 s, and at low temperatures, less than or equal to 395 degrees C, was superior to the NiGeAu contact because it had a comparable contact resistance, less interface mixing, better lateral homogeneity, and a smoother surface. However, its contact resistance increased substantially with the annealing time and temperature, whereas the NiGeAu contact was relatively unaffected. For all annealing times and temperatures except the one at 550 degrees C, the TiPd contact to p(+) GaAs was superior as it had a lower contact resistance and a comparable amount of interface intermixing, lateral homogeneity, and surface roughness. However, it had a complete chemical breakdown at 550 degrees C, whereas the PdGeTiPt contact resistance remained relatively stable. C1 DEF RES AGCY,MALVERN WR14 3PS,WORCS,ENGLAND. RP Jones, KA (reprint author), PSD,ARMY RES LAB,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703, USA. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 1997 VL 82 IS 4 BP 1723 EP 1729 DI 10.1063/1.365973 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XQ797 UT WOS:A1997XQ79700031 ER PT J AU Barnes, MD Lermer, N Kung, CK Whitten, WB Ramsey, JM Hill, SC AF Barnes, MD Lermer, N Kung, CK Whitten, WB Ramsey, JM Hill, SC TI Real-time observation of single-molecule fluorescence in microdroplet streams SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AEROSOL-PARTICLE; RHODAMINE-6G; EMISSION; CAVITY; ATOM AB We report real-time observation of fluorescence bursts from individual Rhodamine 6G molecules in streams of microdroplets (peak signal-to-noise ratios, approximate to 30) whose trajectories are constrained with a linear electric quadrupole. This approach offers a reasonable dynamic range in droplet size (3-12-mu m diameter) with <1% shot-to-shot size fluctuations and sensitivity comparable with that of droplet levitation techniques with at least 10(3) higher analysis rates. Applications to the study of single-molecule microcavity effects and stimulated emission are discussed. RP Barnes, MD (reprint author), USA,RES LABS,2800 POWDER MILL RD,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 20 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1997 VL 22 IS 16 BP 1265 EP 1267 DI 10.1364/OL.22.001265 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA XP167 UT WOS:A1997XP16700021 PM 18185815 ER PT J AU Descour, MR Volin, CE Dereniak, EL Thome, KJ Schumacher, AB Wilson, DW Maker, PD AF Descour, MR Volin, CE Dereniak, EL Thome, KJ Schumacher, AB Wilson, DW Maker, PD TI Demonstration of a high-speed nonscanning imaging spectrometer SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SIMULTANEOUS ACQUISITION; RECONSTRUCTION AB We report results from a field demonstration of a nonscanning high-speed imaging spectrometer [computed-tomography imaging spectrometer (CTIS)] capable of simultaneously recording spatial and spectral information about a rapidly changing scene. High-speed spectral imaging was demonstrated by collection of spectral and spatial snapshots of a missile in flight. This instrument is based on computed-tomography concepts and operates in the visible spectrum (430-710 nm). Raw image data were recorded at video frame rate (30 frames/s) and an integration time of 2 ms. An iterative reconstruction of the spatial and spectral scene information from each raw image took 10 s. We present representative missile spectral signatures from the missile firing. The accuracy of the high-speed spectrometer is demonstrated by comparison of extended-source static-scene spectra acquired by a nonimaging reference spectrometer with spectra acquired by use of CTIS imaging of the same static scenes. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 USA,TANK AUTOMOT & ARMAMENTS COMMAND,WARREN,MI 48397. CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,CTR SPACE MICROELECT TECHNOL,PASADENA,CA 91109. RP Descour, MR (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,CTR OPT SCI,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. RI Thome, Kurtis/D-7251-2012 NR 13 TC 46 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1997 VL 22 IS 16 BP 1271 EP 1273 DI 10.1364/OL.22.001271 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA XP167 UT WOS:A1997XP16700023 PM 18185817 ER PT J AU Currin, MS Driggers, RG AF Currin, MS Driggers, RG TI Field-of-view overlap effects in multiaperture vision systems with apposition eyelets SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE multiaperture vision; point tracking AB The study of multiaperture vision systems (MAVS's), or insect like systems, is still in its infancy. It is known that, for simple tasks, these systems provide an advantage over single-aperture systems in the reduction of processor complexity. Conventional spatial sampling and optical-modeling techniques, however, do not appear to describe the advantages of multiaperture systems accurately. In an attempt to describe the basic task of point-source response, or resolution, a surprising result is shown with regard to the overlapping field-of-view characteristic of a MAVS. Two types of five-eyelet multiaperture system, zoomed and nonzoomed, are shown to provide varying resolution as a function of eyelet overlap. A better-than-conventional point-source resolution for eyelets of uniform spatial response is exhibited by these systems. This characteristic holds for both uniform and normal target distributions. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,ARLINGTON,VA 22203. RP Currin, MS (reprint author), TEXAB I,CSTE,FT BRAGG,NC 28307, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 10 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 23 BP 5775 EP 5780 DI 10.1364/AO.36.005775 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA XP479 UT WOS:A1997XP47900013 PM 18259405 ER PT J AU Engel, CC Jing, ZG AF Engel, CC Jing, ZG TI Identification of Gulf War syndrome: Methodological issues and medical illnesses SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Engel, CC (reprint author), UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814, USA. NR 2 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 6 PY 1997 VL 278 IS 5 BP 383 EP 384 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XN518 UT WOS:A1997XN51800017 PM 9244323 ER PT J AU Franz, DR Jahrling, PB Friedlander, AM McClain, DJ Hoover, DL Bryne, WR Pavlin, JA Christopher, CW Eitzen, EM AF Franz, DR Jahrling, PB Friedlander, AM McClain, DJ Hoover, DL Bryne, WR Pavlin, JA Christopher, CW Eitzen, EM TI Clinical recognition and management of patients exposed to biological warfare agents SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID ARGENTINE HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; HUMAN BRUCELLOSIS; LASSA FEVER; VACCINE PROPHYLAXIS; INHALATION ANTHRAX; ENTEROTOXIN-A; OUTBREAK; IMMUNIZATION; MELITENSIS AB Concern regarding the use of biological agents-bacteria, viruses, or toxins-as tools of warfare or terrorism has led to measures to deter their use or, failing that, to deal with the consequences. Unlike chemical agents, which typically lead to violent disease syndromes within minutes at the site of exposure, diseases resulting from biological agents have incubation periods of days. Therefore, rather than a paramedic, it will likely be a physician who is first faced with evidence of the results of a biological attack. We provide here a primer on 10 classic biological warfare agents to increase the likelihood of their being considered in a differential diagnosis. Although the resultant diseases are rarely seen in many countries today, accepted diagnostic and epidemiologic principles apply; if the cause is identified quickly, appropriate therapy can be initiated and the impact of a terrorist attack greatly reduced. C1 USA, MED RES INST INFECT DIS, FT DETRICK, MD 21702 USA. USA, WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, MED RES & MAT COMMAND, WASHINGTON, DC 20310 USA. NR 146 TC 417 Z9 425 U1 4 U2 40 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 6 PY 1997 VL 278 IS 5 BP 399 EP 411 DI 10.1001/jama.278.5.399 PG 13 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XN518 UT WOS:A1997XN51800032 PM 9244332 ER PT J AU Christopher, GW Cieslak, TJ Pavlin, JA Eitzen, EM AF Christopher, GW Cieslak, TJ Pavlin, JA Eitzen, EM TI Biological warfare - A historical perspective SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID KOREAN-WAR; ALLEGATIONS; OUTBREAK; ANTHRAX AB The deliberate use of microorganisms and toxins as weapons has been attempted throughout history. Biological warfare has evolved from the crude use of cadavers to contaminate water supplies to the development of specialized munitions for battlefield and covert use. The modern development of biological agents as weapons has paralleled advances in basic and applied microbiology. These include the identification of virulent pathogens suitable for aerosol delivery and industrial-scale fermentation processes to produce large quantities of pathogens and toxins. The history of biological warfare is difficult to assess because of a number of confounding factors. These include difficulties in verification of alleged or attempted biological attacks, the use of allegations of biological attacks for propaganda purposes, the paucity of pertinent microbiological or epidemiologic data, and the incidence of naturally occurring endemic or epidemic diseases during hostilities. Biological warfare has been renounced by 140 nations, primarily for strategic and other pragmatic reasons. International diplomatic efforts, including the 1972 Biological Weapons Convention, have not been entirely effective in preventing the enhancement and proliferation of offensive biological warfare programs. The threats posed by biological weapons are likely to continue into the future. RP Christopher, GW (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,OPERAT MED DIV,MCMR,UIZ,T LTC CHRISTOPHER,1425 PORTER ST,FT DETRICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 53 TC 314 Z9 324 U1 4 U2 30 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 6 PY 1997 VL 278 IS 5 BP 412 EP 417 DI 10.1001/jama.278.5.412 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XN518 UT WOS:A1997XN51800033 PM 9244333 ER PT J AU Vogel, P Fritz, DL Kuehl, K Davis, KJ Geisbert, T AF Vogel, P Fritz, DL Kuehl, K Davis, KJ Geisbert, T TI The agents of biological warfare SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP Vogel, P (reprint author), USA,MIL RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV PATHOL,1425 PORTER ST,FT DETRICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 6 PY 1997 VL 278 IS 5 BP 438 EP 439 DI 10.1001/jama.278.5.438 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XN518 UT WOS:A1997XN51800040 PM 9244340 ER PT J AU Zhuang, ZP Merino, MJ Vortmeyer, AO Bryant, B Lash, AE Wang, CY Deavers, MT Shelton, WF Kapur, S Chandra, RS AF Zhuang, ZP Merino, MJ Vortmeyer, AO Bryant, B Lash, AE Wang, CY Deavers, MT Shelton, WF Kapur, S Chandra, RS TI Identical genetic changes in different histologic components of Wilms' tumors SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; HUMAN CHROMOSOME-11; DELETION; CELLS; HETEROZYGOSITY; ASSOCIATION; MUTATION; CANCER; LOCUS; WT1 AB Background: In young children and infants, Wilms' tumor is the most common cancer of the kidney. Wilms' tumor exhibits heterogeneous histopathologic features, consisting of rapidly proliferating blastemal and epithelial cells and a stromal component that has heterologous elements (e.g,, cartilage, bone, and striated muscle), Ia. is unclear whether the stromal and heterologous components of sporadic Wilms' tumor are neoplastic or should be considered non-neoplastic, Purpose: Our purpose was twofold: 1) to selectively analyze the different histologic tissue components of sporadic Wilms' tumors, including blastemal, epithelial, stromal, and heterologous elements, for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the WT1 gene and for expression of the WT1 gene and 2) to determine the! role of WT1 gene expression in the development of these tissues, Methods: By use of tissue microdissection techniques, various histologic elements (blastema, stroma, epithelium, and striated muscle) of sporadic Wilms' tumor were obtained from specimens taken from 18 patients. DNA was extracted from the dissected tissue fragments, and DNA solutions were amplified by use of the polymerase chain reaction and the polymorphic genomic markers D11S1392 and D11S904 to detect LOH at the WT1 gene locus (11p13). Three selected specimens with heterologous elements and LOH af 11p13 were analyzed for expression of the WT1 gene hv means of the in situ reverse transcr iption-polymerase chain reaction. Results: Nine (50%) of the 18 spesimens showed LOH at the WT1 locus. Although identical WTB. gene deletion was consistently observed in all of the various histologic components; of these nine specimens, WT1 gene expression was high in the blastemal and epithelial elements and low in the stromal and heterologous elements, Conclusions and Implications: Identical allelic deletion at 11p13 in all components of the sporadic Wilms' tumors examined suggests that the stromal tissue components are neoplastic rather than noneoplastic, In conjunction with variable WT1 gene expression in the different histologic components, the results raise the possibility that undifferentiated blastemal cells are the? precursors of the stromal and heterologous elements. Morphologically benign stromal and heterologous elements may therefore be derived. from neoplastic cells. The developmental state of the various tissue components of Wilms' tumor may he attributed to an altered residual WT1 gene that is required for the maturation of blastemal and epithelial cells hut flat is not required for the maturation of stromal and heterologous elements. C1 NCI,PATHOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. CHILDRENS NATL MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20010. OI Lash, Alex/0000-0003-3787-1590 NR 25 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL CANCER INSTITUTE PI BETHESDA PA 9030 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0027-8874 J9 J NATL CANCER I JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD AUG 6 PY 1997 VL 89 IS 15 BP 1148 EP 1152 DI 10.1093/jnci/89.15.1148 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA XP270 UT WOS:A1997XP27000014 PM 9262253 ER PT J AU Chandra, S Allik, TH Catella, G Utano, R Hutchinson, JA AF Chandra, S Allik, TH Catella, G Utano, R Hutchinson, JA TI Continuously tunable, 6-14 mu m silver-gallium selenide optical parametric oscillator pumped at 1.57 mu m SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AGGASE2 AB An angle tuned silver gallium selenide (AgGaSe2) optical parametric oscillator (OPO), pumped by the fixed wavelength 1.57 mu m output of a noncritically phase-matched KTiOPO4 OPO, yielded radiation continuously tunable from 6 to 14 mu m. Energies of up to 1.2 mJ/pulse with bandwidths of similar to 5 cm(-1) (full width at half-maximum) were obtained using a 6.5 x 6.5 x 35.3 mm long. type IAgGaSe2 crystal. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 CLEVELAND CRYSTALS,CLEVELAND,OH 44110. USA,NIGHT VIS & ELECT SENSORS DIRECTORATE,FT BELVOIR,VA 22060. RP Chandra, S (reprint author), SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MCLEAN,VA 22102, USA. NR 10 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 4 PY 1997 VL 71 IS 5 BP 584 EP 586 DI 10.1063/1.119920 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XN677 UT WOS:A1997XN67700008 ER PT J AU Lande, RG Howie, P Chang, AS AF Lande, RG Howie, P Chang, AS TI The art of crime SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ART THERAPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT European Mental Health Conference CY APR, 1994 CL GARMISCH PARTENKI, GERMANY ID HUMAN FIGURE-DRAWINGS AB This study sought to identify relationships between artwork, psychiatric diagnoses, and criminal behavior. A total of 80 patients were enrolled. Subjects were recruited from two psychiatric facilities, a forensic psychiatry hospital, and a military inpatient psychiatry ward. A standardized art task with demonstrated inter-rater reliability was administered to both study groups. Statistical analysis examined the results that were generated by exploring relationships between artwork, psychiatric diagnoses, and criminal behavior. Statistical analysis also documented the reliability of the art instrument used in this study. Administration of the instrument and subsequent analysis revealed no significant differences among psychiatric diagnoses, but a weak link between criminal history and artwork was detected. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,OUTPATIENT PSYCHIAT SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,ACTIV THERAPY SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER J ART THERAPY PI MONTPELIER PA VERMONT COLL OF NORWICH UNIV, MONTPELIER, VT 05602 SN 0007-4764 J9 AM J ART THER JI Am. J. Art. Ther. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 36 IS 1 BP 2 EP 10 PG 9 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA XP264 UT WOS:A1997XP26400001 ER PT J AU Byrd, JC Dow, NS Gaertner, E Hargis, JB Raber, TR Burrell, L Weiss, RB AF Byrd, JC Dow, NS Gaertner, E Hargis, JB Raber, TR Burrell, L Weiss, RB TI Leukemic thyroiditis as the initial relapsing sign in a patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia and blast expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE acute lymphocytic leukemia; thyroiditis; extramedullary leukemia; neural cell adhesion molecule ID ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; MALIGNANT-LYMPHOMA; INVOLVEMENT; CD56; NCAM; CHILDREN AB We report a patient with a history of T-cell ALL in remission who presented with symptoms and laboratory values consistent with subacute thyroiditis but was found to have leukemic thyroiditis as the first clinical manifestation of leukemic relapse. Bone marrow examination at this time demonstrated recurrent ALL. After successful re-induction with chemotherapy and an allogeneic bone marrow transplant this patient developed an isolated recurrence of her ALL manifested by symptomatic thyromegaly and a new mediastinal mass that was treated with irradiation. Despite no medullary recurrence of ALL, the patient developed pleuritic chest pain and shortness of breath and succumbed to pericardial extramedullary leukemia 9 months later. This to our knowledge is the third reported case of symptomatic ALL involvement of the thyroid gland and the first to be confirmed histologically. Furthermore, this patient had blast expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule (CD56), a cell surface marker that has not been studied in ALL but has previously been identified as a risk factor for extramedullary leukemia (EML) in acute non-lymphocytic leukemia. The authors hypothesize that CD56 expression in this patient might have contributed to her predisposition to EML. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP Byrd, JC (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,HEMATOL ONCOL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0361-8609 J9 AM J HEMATOL JI Am. J. Hematol. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 55 IS 4 BP 212 EP 215 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8652(199707)55:4<212::AID-AJH9>3.0.CO;2-V PG 4 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA XQ040 UT WOS:A1997XQ04000009 PM 9257883 ER PT J AU Moul, JW AF Moul, JW TI Epidemiology and screening for prostate cancer SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY-BASED POPULATION; REFERENCE RANGES; ANTIGEN DENSITY; AMERICAN MEN; AGE; CARCINOMA; VALUES; RACE C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,UROL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT SURG,CTR PROSTATE DIS RES,4301 JONES BRIDGE RD,BETHESDA,MD 20814, USA. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MED PUBLISHING, M W C COMPANY PI OLD BRIDGE PA 1816 ENGLISHTOWN RD, STE 101, OLD BRIDGE, NJ 08857 SN 1088-0224 J9 AM J MANAG C JI Am. J. Manag. Care PD AUG PY 1997 VL 3 IS 8 BP 1200 EP 1205 PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA YB754 UT WOS:A1997YB75400005 PM 10170302 ER PT J AU SheaDonohue, T Goldhill, JM MontcalmMazzilli, E Colleton, C PineiroCarrero, VM Sjogren, RW AF SheaDonohue, T Goldhill, JM MontcalmMazzilli, E Colleton, C PineiroCarrero, VM Sjogren, RW TI Role of sensory afferents in the myoelectric response to acute enteric inflammation in the rabbit SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE intestinal motility; ricin; capsaicin; eicosanoids; prostaglandin E-2; leukotriene D-4; inflammatory bowel disease ID TRINITROBENZENE SULFONIC-ACID; EXPERIMENTAL COLITIS; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; SUBSTANCE-P; MOTOR RESPONSE; BLOOD-FLOW; MAST-CELLS; CAPSAICIN; NEURONS; RAT AB The role of sensory afferents in inflammation-induced alterations in myoelectric activity in vivo was investigated in the rabbit small intestine. Isolated ileal loops were implanted with serosal electrodes and exposed to ricin or vehicle after pretreatment with 125 mg/kg of subcutaneous (125 mg over 3 days) or intraluminal(640 mu M) capsaicin. After 5 h of myoelectric recording, the loops were prepared for histology and for ex vivo generation of eicosanoids. Capsaicin exacerbated mucosal damage after exposure to ricin but did not alter neutrophil infiltration. Subcutaneous capsaicin alone elevated slow-wave frequency and spike events and transiently suppressed the myoelectric response to ricin. In contrast, intraluminal capsaicin alone did not alter myoelectric activity but produced a sustained inhibition of the response to ricin. Eicosanoid production was unchanged by capsaicin alone. Intraluminal capsaicin blocked increases in leukotriene C-4 and prostaglandin E-2 during inflammation, an effect that paralleled its inhibition of myoelectric activity. Thus the contribution of sensory afferents to altered motility during acute ileitis involves the release of mucosal inflammatory mediators that influence neural control of smooth muscle. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI, DEPT PEDIAT, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, DIV MED, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. RP SheaDonohue, T (reprint author), UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI, DEPT MED, 4301 JONES BRIDGE RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. NR 39 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 273 IS 2 BP G447 EP G455 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA XQ263 UT WOS:A1997XQ26300024 PM 9277424 ER PT J AU Mellado, JM Rosenberg, ZS Beltran, J Colon, E AF Mellado, JM Rosenberg, ZS Beltran, J Colon, E TI The peroneocalcaneus internus muscle: MR imaging features SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article AB OBJECTIVE. The peroneocalcaneus internus muscle is a rare muscle of the posterior calf that to our knowledge has not been reported in the radiology literature. The purpose of our study was to describe the normal anatomy and MR characteristics of this muscle in eight patients in whom the muscle was identified. CONCLUSION. The peroneocalcaneus internus muscle is a rare muscle that originates from the inner aspect of the distal fibula, descends within the tarsal tunnel, and inserts on a small tubercle in the calcaneus, just distal to the sustentaculum tall. The muscle may displace the flexor hallucis longus muscle medially and thus indirectly encroach on the neurovascular bundle. C1 NYU,HOSP JOINT DIS,DEPT RADIOL,INST ORTHOPAED,NEW YORK,NY 10003. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 169 IS 2 BP 585 EP 588 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA XM758 UT WOS:A1997XM75800061 PM 9242782 ER PT J AU Allen, PJ Jackson, MR ODonnell, SD Gillespie, DL AF Allen, PJ Jackson, MR ODonnell, SD Gillespie, DL TI Saphenous vein versus polytetrafluoroethylene carotid patch angioplasty SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Clinical-Vascular-Surgery CY MAR 12-16, 1997 CL NAPLES, FL SP Soc Clin Vasc Surg ID PRIMARY CLOSURE; ENDARTERECTOMY AB BACKGROUND: The optimal material for carotid patch angioplasty after endarterectomy remains uncertain, This study compares the early outcome and recurrent stenosis rates between saphenous vein (SV) and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) carotid patch angioplasty, METHODS: The results of 421 consecutive carotid endarterectomies performed over a 72-month period were reviewed. Postoperative complications and restenosis rates, defined as greater than or equal to 60% narrowing measured by color flow duplex, were compared. RESULTS: Patch angioplasty was performed with SV in 287 and with ePTFE in 110 cases. Patients who had undergone primary closure (n = 20) or whose form of closure was unknown (n = 4) were excluded. The mean age of patients and length of follow-up was similar between groups. Women were more likely to be patched with ePTFE than were men (36% versus 23%, P = 0.02). One death occurred in each group (0.3% SV, 0.9% ePTFE, P = 0.47), and four strokes occurred in each group (1.4% SV, 3.6% ePTFE, P = 0.22), Cervical hematomas requiring operative evacuation occurred in five SV closures and in three ePTFE closures (1.7% versus 2.1%, P = 0.69). Vein harvest site complications occurred in 6 patients (2%) who had undergone SV patch angioplasty. Recurrent stenosis occurred in 3 patients with SV closure and in 3 patients with ePTFE closure (1.0% versus 2.7%, P = 0.35). The 60-month restenosis rates by life table analysis were 2.6% +/- 2.1% for SV and 10.7% +/- 7.9% for ePTFE (P = 0.17). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of postoperative complications is similar with SV or ePTFE patch angioplasty; however, Vein harvest site complications are avoided with the use of ePTFE. Recurrent stenosis at 5 years occurs infrequently with either SV or ePTFE. (C) 1997 by Excerpta Medica Inc. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT VASC SURG,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT SURG,BETHESDA,MD 20814. OI Gillespie, David/0000-0002-4378-9465 NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 174 IS 2 BP 115 EP 117 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(97)90066-0 PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA XT973 UT WOS:A1997XT97300005 PM 9293824 ER PT J AU Platt, KB Linthicum, KJ Myint, KSA Innis, BL Lerdthusnee, K Vaughn, DW AF Platt, KB Linthicum, KJ Myint, KSA Innis, BL Lerdthusnee, K Vaughn, DW TI Impact of dengue virus infection on feeding behavior of Aedes aegypti SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID VALLEY FEVER VIRUS; LA-CROSSE VIRUS; TRISERIATUS DIPTERA; MOSQUITO VECTOR; YELLOW-FEVER; CULICIDAE; SURVIVAL AB In addition to heavily infecting the salivary glands of Aedes aegypti (L.) mosquitoes, dengue viruses produce a significant infection of the nervous system, involving the brain, Johnston's organ, compound eye, and thoracic and abdominal ganglion. To determine if dengue infection affects feeding behavior of Ae. aegypti we measured feeding times, counted the number of feeding delays or interruptions, and by in situ immunocytochemistry techniques determined the spatial and temporal distribution of dengue infections in females parenterally infected with dengue 3 virus. The mean of the total time required for feeding by infected mosquitoes was significantly longer than the time required by uninfected mosquitoes. Similarly, the mean of the time spent probing was significantly longer in infected mosquitoes than in uninfected mosquitoes when day after inoculation was considered. Significant increases in the length of feeding activity in infected mosquitoes corresponded to virus infection in organs that are known to control or influence activities associated with blood feeding. Sequential infections of the salivary glands (five days postinoculation [PI]), brain and compound eye (eight days PI), and Johnston's organ and midgut and abdominal ganglion (11 days PI) of most mosquitoes were observed. The increased time required by infected Ae. aegypti mosquitoes to acquire a blood meal may contribute to the efficiency of Ae. aegypti as a vector of dengue virus. Longer feeding periods are more likely to be interrupted by the host, which increases the chance that an infected mosquito will probe or feed on additional hosts. C1 ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI, USAMC, DEPT ENTOMOL, BANGKOK 10400, THAILAND. IOWA STATE UNIV, DEPT MICROBIOL IMMUNOL & PREVENT MED, AMES, IA 50011 USA. ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI, DEPT VIROL, BANGKOK 10400, THAILAND. NATL CTR GENET ENGN & BIOTECHNOL, BANGKOK, THAILAND. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, DEPT VIROL, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. NR 33 TC 90 Z9 96 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 57 IS 2 BP 119 EP 125 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA XT635 UT WOS:A1997XT63500001 PM 9288801 ER PT J AU Weinberg, JM Mysliwiec, A Turiansky, GW Redfield, R James, WD AF Weinberg, JM Mysliwiec, A Turiansky, GW Redfield, R James, WD TI Viral folliculitis - Atypical presentations of herpes simplex, herpes zoster, and molluscum contagiosum SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; VARICELLA-ZOSTER; AIDS; SKIN AB Background: Viral folliculitis is an infrequently reported entity. The patients described herein were seen over a 12-year period of practice in a referral dermatologic setting. The cases involve a variety of viral infections limited to the hair follicle. Observations: We describe 5 patients with a variety of viral folliculitides: 2 with herpetic sycosis caused by herpes simplex; 1 with herpex simplex folliculitis (this patient also had human immunodeficiency virus); I with herpes tester without blisters, and 1 with molluscum contagiosum. Conclusions: These 5 cases demonstrate that viral folliculitis has varied causes and presentations. Clinicians should consider viral agents in the differential diagnosis of superficial infectious folliculitis, especially in cases that are refractory to antibacterial or antifungal therapy. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT DERMATOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,HONOLULU,HI 96859. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DERMATOL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIV MARYLAND,INST VIROL,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. NR 12 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 133 IS 8 BP 983 EP 986 DI 10.1001/archderm.133.8.983 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA XQ270 UT WOS:A1997XQ27000007 PM 9267244 ER PT J AU Davis, KJ Anderson, AO Geisbert, TW Steele, KE Geisbert, JB Vogel, P Connolly, BM Huggins, JW Jahrling, PB Jaax, NK AF Davis, KJ Anderson, AO Geisbert, TW Steele, KE Geisbert, JB Vogel, P Connolly, BM Huggins, JW Jahrling, PB Jaax, NK TI Pathology of experimental Ebola virus infection in African green monkeys - Involvement of fibroblastic reticular cells SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MARBURG-VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; LYMPH-NODES; DISEASE; RAT; PARTICLES; ANTIGEN; STRAIN; TISSUE AB Background.--Ebola virus has been responsible for explosive lethal outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever in both humans and nonhuman primates. Previous studies showed a predilection of Ebola virus for cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system and endothelial cells. Objective.--To examine the distribution of lesions and Ebola virus antigen in the tissues of six adult male African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) that died 6 to 7 days after intraperitoneal inoculation of Ebola-Zaire (Mayinga) virus. Methods.--Tissues were examined histologically, immunohistochemically, and ultrastructurally. Results.--A major novel finding of this study was that fibroblastic reticular cells were immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally identified as targets of Ebola virus infection. Conclusions.--The role of Ebola virus-infected fibroblastic reticular cells in the pathogenesis of Ebola hemorrhagic fever warrants further investigation. This is especially important because of recent observations indicating that fibroblastic reticular cells, along with the reticular fibers they produce, maximize the efficiency of the immune response. C1 USA, MED RES INST INFECT DIS, DIV DIAGNOST SYST, FT DETRICK, MD 21702 USA. USA, MED RES INST INFECT DIS, DIV VIROL, FT DETRICK, MD 21702 USA. RP Davis, KJ (reprint author), USA, MED RES INST INFECT DIS, DIV PATHOL, FT DETRICK, MD 21702 USA. NR 58 TC 84 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 7 PU COLL AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA SN 0003-9985 EI 1543-2165 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 121 IS 8 BP 805 EP 819 PG 15 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA XR791 UT WOS:A1997XR79100006 PM 9278608 ER PT J AU Burt, FJ Swanepoel, R Shieh, WJ Smith, JF Leman, PA Greer, PW Coffield, LM Rollin, PE Ksiazek, TG Peters, CJ Zaki, SR AF Burt, FJ Swanepoel, R Shieh, WJ Smith, JF Leman, PA Greer, PW Coffield, LM Rollin, PE Ksiazek, TG Peters, CJ Zaki, SR TI Immunohistochemical and in situ localization of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus in human tissues and implications for CCHF pathogenesis SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NOSOCOMIAL OUTBREAK; CLINICAL-FEATURES; SOUTHERN-AFRICA; CRNA; DNA AB Background.--Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a potentially fatal disease that occurs in parts of Africa, Asia, and eastern Europe, and that is caused by a recently emerged bunyavirus. Rapid laboratory diagnosis of CCHF infection is essential and is currently performed by virus isolation and serology. Histopathologic studies have been limited to a small number of cases, and little is known about the cellular tropism of CCHF virus and the pathogenesis of this disease. Design.--We conducted a retrospective case analysis of 12 patients with a diagnosis of CCHF infection, confirmed by virus isolation, who were evaluated at the Special Pathogens Unit, National institute for Virology, South Africa. The clinicopathologic features of CCHF and the diagnostic role of virus isolation as compared with serology, immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization were evaluated. Additionally, the distribution of CCHF virus in human tissues was examined. Results.--The clinical and histopathologic features of CCHF resemble those of other viral hemorrhagic fevers. Of the 12 patients with virus isolation-confirmed CCHF infection, 5 were positive by serology, 10 by immunohistochemistry, and 5 by in situ hybridization. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization analyses showed that the mononuclear phagocytes, endothelial cells, and hepatocytes are main targets of infection. Association of parenchymal necrosis in liver with viral infection suggests that cell damage may be mediated by a direct viral cytopathic effect. Conclusions.--The diagnosis of CCHF, suspected by history and clinical features, can be supported histopathologically. However, since the pathologic features resemble those of other viral hemorrhagic fevers, an unequivocal diagnosis can be made only by laboratory tests. The utility of immunohistochemistry as a sensitive and rapid diagnostic modality was established by the high degree of concordance with virus isolation. Infection of mononuclear phagocytes, endothelial cells, and hepatocytes may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of CCHF. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,INFECT DIS PATHOL ACT,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,DIV VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS,ATLANTA,GA 30333. UNIV WITWATERSRAND,DEPT VIROL,JOHANNESBURG,SOUTH AFRICA. NATL INST VIROL,JOHANNESBURG,SOUTH AFRICA. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV VIROL,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. NR 25 TC 95 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 2 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 121 IS 8 BP 839 EP 846 PG 8 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA XR791 UT WOS:A1997XR79100010 PM 9278612 ER PT J AU Davis, KJ Vogel, P Fritz, DL Steele, KE Pitt, ML Welkos, SL Friedlander, AM Byrne, WR AF Davis, KJ Vogel, P Fritz, DL Steele, KE Pitt, ML Welkos, SL Friedlander, AM Byrne, WR TI Bacterial filamentation of Yersinia pestis by beta-lactam antibiotics in experimentally infected mice SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PENICILLIN-BINDING PROTEINS; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; FORMS; MODE AB Objective.--To identify alternatives to streptomycin for treating pneumonic plague we evaluated beta-lactam antibiotics to treat experimental pneumonic plague in mice. Methods.--Mice were exposed to a lethal inhaled dose of Yersinia pestis and treated with P-lactam antibiotics administered every 6 hours, starting 42 hours postexposure. Results.--The mice died or were euthanized in extremis 3 days postexposure. We observed marked bacterial filamentation of Y pestis in the tissues of mice treated with ceftazidime (10/10 mice), aztreonam (9/10 mice), or ampicillin (1/10 mice), but not in the tissues of mice treated with cefotetan, cefazolin, ceftriaxone, or saline. There was no evidence of septation of the filamentous bacteria by light or electron microscopy. The filamentous bacteria were confirmed as Y pestis based on their reactivity with rabbit anti-Y pestis F1 serum. Conclusions.--Marked bacterial filamentation of Y pestis can be produced in vivo by certain beta-lactam antibiotics. This antibiotic-induced morphologic change is important because filamentous bacteria in clinical samples could possibly be confused with filamentous actinomycotic organisms. C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV TOXINOL,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV BACTERIOL,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. RP Davis, KJ (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV PATHOL,FT DETRICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 17 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 121 IS 8 BP 865 EP 868 PG 4 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA XR791 UT WOS:A1997XR79100014 PM 9278616 ER PT J AU Fair, KP Cho, MH AF Fair, KP Cho, MH TI Pathological case of the month - Meconium periorchitis SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SCROTAL MASSES; PERITONITIS; NEWBORN; DIAGNOSIS; HYDROCELE C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,SERV ANAT PATHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,AREA LAB SERV,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 151 IS 8 BP 853 EP 854 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA XQ271 UT WOS:A1997XQ27100019 PM 9265893 ER PT J AU Walker, SC Helm, PA Lavery, LA AF Walker, SC Helm, PA Lavery, LA TI Gait pattern alteration by functional sensory substitution in healthy subjects and in diabetic subjects with peripheral neuropathy SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID FOOT ULCERATION; RISK AB Objective: To evaluate the ability of diabetic and nondiabetic individuals to learn to use a lower extremity sensory substitution device to cue gait pattern changes. Design: Case-control study. Setting: Gait laboratory. Participants: Thirty diabetic persons-and 20 age-and education-matched nondiabetic controls responded to advertisements for study participation. Intervention: Participants walked on a treadmill at three speeds (1, 2, and 2.5mph) with auditory sensory feedback to cue ground contact greater than 80% duration of baseline. Main Outcome Measurements: The variables measured included gait cycle (steps per minute) and number of times per minute that any step during a trial exceeded 80% duration of ground contacted compared with a measured baseline step length for each speed. Results: Persons in both groups were able to rapidly and significantly alter their gait patterns in response to signals from the sensory substitution device, by changing their gait cycles (nondiabetic group, F(17,124) = 5.27, p <.001; diabetic group, F(5,172) = 3.45, p <.001). Post hoc analyses showed early gait cycle modification and error reduction among both groups. The nondiabetic group learned to use the device significantly more quickly than the diabetic group during the slow (1 mph, t = 3.57, p <.001) and average (2 mph, t = 2.97, p <.05) trials. By the fast (2.5 mph) ambulation trial, both groups were performing equally, suggesting a rapid rate of adjustment to the device. No technical failures from gait trainer malfunction occurred during the study. Conclusions: Diabetic persons with neuropathy effectively used lower extremity sensory substitution, and the technology is now available to manufacture a durable, effective lower extremity sensory substitution system. (C) 1997 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIOL & OPERAT SERV,SAN ANTONIO,TX. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHYS MED & REHABIL,DALLAS,TX 75235. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT ORTHOPED,SAN ANTONIO,TX. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,MEXICAN AMER MED TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS RES CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 78 IS 8 BP 853 EP 856 DI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90199-4 PG 4 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA XQ791 UT WOS:A1997XQ79100012 PM 9344305 ER PT J AU Kelemen, JJ Martin, RR Obney, JA Jenkins, D Kissinger, DP AF Kelemen, JJ Martin, RR Obney, JA Jenkins, D Kissinger, DP TI Evaluation of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in stable patients with gunshot wounds to the abdomen SO ARCHIVES OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID ABDOMINAL-TRAUMA; CONSECUTIVE PATIENTS; LOWER CHEST; LAPAROTOMY; MANAGEMENT; MORBIDITY; EXPLORATION; LAPAROSCOPY; EXPERIENCE; CELIOTOMY AB Background: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) is used to diagnose intra-abdominal injury in patients with stab wounds and blunt trauma. Because exploratory celiotomy is routinely performed on patients with gunshot wounds to the abdomen, DPL is rarely employed. However, several studies have questioned routine exploration and have drawn attention to the associated morbidity of negative celiotomy. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is an easily performed and inexpensive test that may be useful in this situation. Objective: To evaluate the performance of DPL in the diagnosis of intra-abdominal injury in hemodynamically stable patients with gunshot wounds to the abdomen. Design: A prospective clinical trial. Setting: Two urban trauma centers. Patients: Patients with gunshot wounds to the abdomen and a systolic blood pressure of at least 90 mm Hg. Interventions: Clinical predication of intra-abdominal injury in the emergency department and DPL performed in the operating room before the initiation of celiotomy. Injuries found during the celiotomy were recorded. Main Outcome Measures: The results of the clinical evaluation anti DPL were compared with the findings of the celiotomy. Results: Forty-four patients were enrolled into the study. Intra-abdominal injury was present in 32 (73%) of these patients. The senior surgery resident correctly predicted the presence of intra-abdominal injury in 36 (82%) of the patients (sensitivity=90.0%, specificity=58.3%, positive predictive value=85.3%, negative predictive value=63.6%, phi=0.52, P<.01) in the emergency department before DPL and celiotomy were performed. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage correctly identified the presence or absence of intra-abdominal injury in 40 (91%) of the patients (positive predictive value= 96.7%, negative predictive value=78.6%, phi=0.79, P<.01). Conclusions: Clinical judgment is highly accurate in separating patients with tangential gunshot wounds to the abdomen from those with intra-abdominal injury but may miss patients with intra-abdominal hemorrhage. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is highly predictive of the presence of intra-abdominal injury. The return of gross blood on aspiration or a lavage red blood cell count greater than 10x10(9)/L should prompt an urgent celiotomy. Missed injuries are rare and most likely to be bowel perforations. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is an objective test that may augment clinical judgment in selecting hemodynamically stable patients with potential tangential gunshot wounds for observation and is especially useful in identifying intra-abdominal hemorrhage. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. GEN SURG SERV,BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0004-0010 J9 ARCH SURG-CHICAGO JI Arch. Surg. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 132 IS 8 BP 909 EP 913 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA XQ294 UT WOS:A1997XQ29400029 PM 9267278 ER PT J AU DeBerardino, TM Arciero, RA Taylor, DC AF DeBerardino, TM Arciero, RA Taylor, DC TI Arthroscopic treatment of soft-tissue impingement of the ankle in athletes SO ARTHROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th Annual Combined Orthopaedic Spring Symposium of the Hawaii-Orthopaedic-Association CY APR 22, 1995 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Hawaii Orthopaed Assoc DE soft-tissue impingement; ankle arthroscopy; ankle score AB Sixty ankle arthroscopies were performed on patients with chronic soft-tissue impingement of the ankle after an ankle sprain between January 1989 and January 1994. Preoperative examination findings featured tenderness localized to the anterolateral aspect of the ankle, no instability, and, with the exception of 2 patients, normal radiographs. A preoperative bone scan was performed on 34 patients and was positive in each case but was not specific. Arthroscopy was performed an average of 23 months after injury. Results were determined by using a new ankle rating score. Hypertrophic synovium, synovitis, or fibrous adhesions were arthroscopically visualized and resected in all cases. The average follow-up was 27 months (range, 6 to 64 months). Thirty-one patients underwent complete evaluation and 29 were evaluated over the telephone. There were 51 excellent, 7 good, 1 fair, and 1 poor results. The diagnosis of chronic soft-tissue impingement of the ankle can be made from an appropriate history, thorough physical examination, and plain radiographs. Ankle arthroscopy with resection of impinging hypertrophic synovium or fibrous bands occurring after an ankle sprain was effective in alleviating pain in athletes. C1 US MIL ACAD,ORTHOPAED SURG SERV,W POINT,NY 10996. OI DeBerardino, Thomas/0000-0002-7110-8743 NR 19 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0749-8063 J9 ARTHROSCOPY JI Arthroscopy PD AUG PY 1997 VL 13 IS 4 BP 492 EP 498 DI 10.1016/S0749-8063(97)90129-8 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA XT232 UT WOS:A1997XT23200013 PM 9276057 ER PT J AU OBrien, SJ Gonzalez, DM Wright, JM Fealy, S AF OBrien, SJ Gonzalez, DM Wright, JM Fealy, S TI The adduction distraction maneuver SO ARTHROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE shoulder arthroscopy; position; beach chair; arthroscope insertion ID SHOULDER ARTHROSCOPY AB The adduction distraction maneuver is presented as an adjunct to the surgeon's technical skills to assist with the initial introduction of the shoulder arthroscope. Both novice and experienced arthroscopists can experience difficulty establishing access to the glenohumeral joint. Often this results in articular cartilage or soft tissue damage. The adduction distraction maneuver when used in the ''beach chair'' seated position for shoulder arthroscopy can facilitate posterior portal placement and minimize iatrogenic trauma. C1 HOSP SPECIAL SURG,NEW YORK,NY 10021. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,ORTHOPAED SURG SERV,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0749-8063 J9 ARTHROSCOPY JI Arthroscopy PD AUG PY 1997 VL 13 IS 4 BP 530 EP 532 DI 10.1016/S0749-8063(97)90138-9 PG 3 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA XT232 UT WOS:A1997XT23200022 PM 9276066 ER PT J AU Castro, CA AF Castro, CA TI Primacy and recency effects in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) using a serial probe recognition task .2. Effects of atropine sulfate SO BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; FREE-RECALL; SCOPOLAMINE; DIAZEPAM; LISTS; ACQUISITION; PERFORMANCE; POSITION; AMNESIA; PHYSOSTIGMINE AB Nonhuman primates display both a primacy and a recency effect when trained on a 6-item serial probe recognition task. The author has previously shown that in the rhesus monkey, diazepam (3.2 mg/kg im) interferes with the memory processes that mediate the recency effect without affecting those memory processes involved in the primacy effect (C. A. Castro, 1995). This study assessed the effects of atropine sulfate (0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mg/kg im) on the primacy and recency effects in these same monkeys. Opposite the effects of diazepam, atropine disrupted the primacy component of the serial position curve and had no measurable effect on the recency component. In addition, the 2 highest doses of atropine disrupted accuracy on the nonmatching probe trials, whereas all 3 doses of atropine resulted in increased response latencies. These reports indicate that the primacy and recency effects in the nonhuman primate can be pharmacologically dissociated. C1 USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. NR 65 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 SN 0735-7044 J9 BEHAV NEUROSCI JI Behav. Neurosci. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 111 IS 4 BP 676 EP 682 DI 10.1037/0735-7044.111.4.676 PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology GA XQ286 UT WOS:A1997XQ28600002 PM 9267645 ER PT J AU Pakhomova, ON Pakhomov, AG Akyel, Y AF Pakhomova, ON Pakhomov, AG Akyel, Y TI Effect of millimeter waves on UV-induced recombination and mutagenesis in yeast SO BIOELECTROCHEMISTRY AND BIOENERGETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd EBEA Congress CY FEB 28-MAR 03, 1996 CL NANCY, FRANCE DE microwaves; millimeter waves; recombination; mutagenesis; yeast ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI-CELLS; LOW-INTENSITY; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; GENE CONVERSION; GROWTH AB Effects of millimeter waves (MMW) on cell survival and ultraviolet-induced reciprocal and non-reciprocal recombination and mutagenesis were studied in the diploid D7 strain of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. MMW exposures lasted for 30 min (0.13 mW cm(-2), 61.02-61.42 GHz) and were followed in 60 min by a 100 J m(-2) dose of 254 nm ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The effect of the exposures was evaluated from the colony-forming ability of the cells on complete and selective media, and from the number of aberrant colonies formed. The MMW pretreatment did not alter cell survival or the frequency of reverse mutations. The incidence of conversions was higher in most cases in the MMW-treated cells (p < 0.05). MMW also increased the scores of crossovers and colored aberrants in isolated experiments, though the average increase for all experiments (performed with different MMW frequencies) was not statistically significant. The results suggested that the MMW irradiation did not alter the UV-induced mutagenesis, but could facilitate recombinagenic processes. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,USA MED RES DETACHMENT,MICROWAVE BIOEFFECTS BRANCH,BROOKS AFB,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78235. RP Pakhomova, ON (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,USA MED RES DETACHMENT,MCKESSON BIOSERV,BROOKS AFB,8308 HAWKS RD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78235, USA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0302-4598 J9 BIOELECTROCH BIOENER JI Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 43 IS 2 BP 227 EP 232 DI 10.1016/S0302-4598(96)05158-6 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA YD723 UT WOS:A1997YD72300006 ER PT J AU Lee, JW Yeomans, WG Allen, AL Gross, RA Kaplan, DL AF Lee, JW Yeomans, WG Allen, AL Gross, RA Kaplan, DL TI Production of zoogloea gum by Zoogloea ramigera with glucose analogs SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EXTRACELLULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; GENES; EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE; BIOSYNTHESIS; ACCUMULATION AB Zooglans with altered sugar composition were synthesized by Zoogloea ramigera by varying the glucose concentration and initial medium pH. The relative mol % of the sugar components, glucose and galactose, in the exopolymer made with 2% (w/v) glucose as the carbon source was 66 and 34%, respectively. By varying the glucose concentration and initial medium pH, the mol % ratios of glucose to galactose in zooglan ranged from 70 : 30 to 58 : 42. Also, glucose analogs, 3-O-methyl-D-glucose, 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose, and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose, were used as a cc-substrate with glucose to produce modified zooglans. The mol % ratios of glucose to galactose in exopolymers produced by co-feeding glucose analogs ranged from 70 : 30 to 9 : 91. C1 UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,DEPT CHEM,LOWELL,MA 01854. USA,NATICK RES DEV & ENGN CTR,DIV BIOTECHNOL,NATICK,MA 01760. TUFTS UNIV,DEPT CHEM ENGN,CTR BIOTECHNOL,MEDFORD,MA 02155. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0141-5492 J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT JI Biotechnol. Lett. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 19 IS 8 BP 799 EP 802 DI 10.1023/A:1018304729724 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA XQ182 UT WOS:A1997XQ18200021 ER PT J AU Lee, JW Yeomans, WG Allen, AL Gross, RA Kaplan, DL AF Lee, JW Yeomans, WG Allen, AL Gross, RA Kaplan, DL TI Compositional consistency of a heteropolysaccharide-7 produced by Beijerinckia indica SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; POLYSACCHARIDES; GENES; BIOSYNTHESIS; DEAMINASE; CLONING AB The component sugars of heteropolysaccharide-7 (PS-7) produced by Beijerinckia indica were rhamnose and glucose (1.0:4.8, mol:mol) by gas chromatographic analysis. Galacturonic acid, previously reported as a repeat unit of PS-7, was not found in purified PS-7. The yield of PS-7 varied with physiological conditions, such as concentration of carbon source and initial pH of medium, but the molar ratio of rhamnose to glucose stayed within 1.0 to 4.6-5.1. a. indica utilized glucose and some glucose analogs as carbon sources and produced exopolymers, although there was no direct incorporation of these sugars into PS-7. The molar ratio of rhamnose to glucose in each polymer synthesized from glucose-related sugars showed no significant variation (1.0 to 4.5-4.7) C1 UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,DEPT CHEM,LOWELL,MA 01854. USA,NATICK RES DEV & ENGN CTR,DIV BIOTECHNOL,NATICK,MA 01760. TUFTS UNIV,DEPT CHEM ENGN,CTR BIOTECHNOL,MEDFORD,MA 02155. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0141-5492 J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT JI Biotechnol. Lett. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 19 IS 8 BP 803 EP 807 DI 10.1023/A:1018356713795 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA XQ182 UT WOS:A1997XQ18200022 ER PT J AU Hardman, WE Cameron, IL Beer, WH Speeg, KV Kadakia, SC Lang, KA AF Hardman, WE Cameron, IL Beer, WH Speeg, KV Kadakia, SC Lang, KA TI Transforming growth factor alpha distribution in rectal crypts as a biomarker of decreased colon cancer risk in patients consuming cellulose SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID LOSE PROLIFERATIVE RESPONSE; CELL-PROLIFERATION; DIETARY CELLULOSE; TGF-ALPHA; CARCINOGENESIS; RATS; DIFFERENTIATE; NEOPLASIA; RECEPTOR; CALCIUM AB Data from rat experimental carcinogenesis studies indicate that supplemental dietary cellulose reduces the incidence of colon cancer. Epidemiology studies also indicate that high dietary fiber reduces the risk of colorectal cancer in humans. Patients diagnosed with sporadic adenomas were entered into a randomized clinical trial to determine if supplemental dietary cellulose would reduce the patients' risk for colon cancer. Immunohistochemical staining for transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) was done on biopsies of rectal mucosa taken from patients at the time of initial polypectomy and 1 year later. Results were evaluated for utility as a surrogate end point biomarker for reduction in colon cancer risk. There was a significant decrease in the fraction of the rectal crypt cells that stained for TGF-alpha in six of seven of the patients given the cellulose supplements but in only one of six of the patients not given cellulose. Thus, whether evaluated as a group or in individual patients, there was a significant decrease in TGF-alpha in rectal crypts due to cellulose intervention, which correlated with the expected ability of supplemental dietary cellulose to decrease the risk for colon cancer. Long-term testing of the ability of dietary cellulose to reduce adenoma recurrence is under way to validate the use of TGF-alpha as a surrogate end point biomarker. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE MURPHY DIV,S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78234. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. RP Hardman, WE (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT CELLULAR & STRUCT BIOL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 6 IS 8 BP 633 EP 637 PG 5 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA XR010 UT WOS:A1997XR01000012 PM 9264277 ER PT J AU Bradley, J Forero, N Pho, H Escobar, B Kasinath, BS Anzueto, A AF Bradley, J Forero, N Pho, H Escobar, B Kasinath, BS Anzueto, A TI Progressive somnolence leading to coma in a 68-year-old man SO CHEST LA English DT Article ID ACYCLOVIR; NEUROTOXICITY C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET HOSP DIV,S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST,SAN ANTONIO,TX. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV NEPHROL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV PULM DIS CRIT CARE MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Bradley, J (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX, USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD AUG PY 1997 VL 112 IS 2 BP 538 EP 540 DI 10.1378/chest.112.2.538 PG 3 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA XQ816 UT WOS:A1997XQ81600042 PM 9266897 ER PT J AU Dekonenko, A Ibrahim, MS Schmaljohn, CS AF Dekonenko, A Ibrahim, MS Schmaljohn, CS TI A colorimetric PCR-enzyme immunoassay to identify hantaviruses SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE hantavirus; hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome; hantavirus pulmonary syndrome; PCR-enzyme immunoassay ID KOREAN HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; UNITED-STATES; HANTAAN VIRUS; GENETIC IDENTIFICATION; ETIOLOGIC AGENT; RENAL SYNDROME; FAMILY BUNYAVIRIDAE; GENUS; RATS AB Background: Hantaviruses cause two serious human diseases: hantavirus pulmonary syndrome and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. At least nine hantaviruses are known to be pathogenic for humans and numerous others, with unknown disease potential, have been detected in rodents. Assays to quickly identify specific hantaviruses would be useful both for clinical diagnosis and in risk assessment studies. Objectives: The goal of our study was to develop and test a specific and sensitive PCR-based assay for identification and differentiation of hantaviruses. Study design: We developed an assay that combined RNA-PCR amplification and colorimetric enzymatic detection to identify representative European, Asian, and north American hantaviruses. RNAs from 18 hantavirus strains of nine species were amplified in the presence of digoxigenin-dUTP by using a single pair of oligonucleotide primers and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) performed by using rTth DNA polymerase. Digoxigenin-labeled PCR products were hybridized in solution to virus type-specific biotinilated probes, captured onto streptavidin-coated microtiter plates and detected by horseradish peroxidase-labeled anti-digoxigenin antibodies and a chromogenic substrate. Results and conclusions: The assay correctly identified each homologous virus type tested. The detection limit of the assay was approximately 15 PFU or at least 50 copies of the viral genome. The assay is simple and strain-specific and is adaptable for automation, making it more practical than other available techniques for accurate and reliable diagnosis and typing of hantaviruses. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV VIROL,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIAGNOST SYST DIV,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. NR 29 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-0197 J9 CLIN DIAGN VIROL JI Clin. Diagn. Virol. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 8 IS 2 BP 113 EP 121 DI 10.1016/S0928-0197(97)00020-2 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA XY585 UT WOS:A1997XY58500003 PM 9316733 ER PT J AU Gurney, J Perlis, D Purang, K AF Gurney, J Perlis, D Purang, K TI Interpreting presuppositions using active logic: From contexts to utterances SO COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE presupposition; discourse; context; accommodation; active logic AB Presupposition is a pervasive feature of human language. It involves many interesting interactions between the utterances of a discourse and the context of the discourse. In this paper we focus on issues of logical form connected with the interaction of presupposition and discourse context, and illustrate our theory with some implementational work using the active logic framework. After reviewing some of the major issues in presupposition theory we turn to a largely successful unified approach of Helm. We show how the main principles of this theory can be implemented in active logic. But we also find two serious difficulties. These consist in (a) a straightforward counterexample and (b) a type of discourse that we call a garden-path discourse. We maintain that both the counterexample and the garden-path type of discourse can be handled by our active-logic version of Helm's theory. This requires us to reformulate and extend Helm's theorey. Although this work is largely theoretical, both Helm's theory and ours have important things to say about the incremental processing of the utterances that make up discourse. And we present our theory as a specification of a processing device that takes logical form of a sentence along with current discourse context as input and delivers an updated discourse context as output. As an experiment, we have implemented portions of this device. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT COMP SCI,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP Gurney, J (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,INTELLIGENT SYST BRANCH,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 350 MAIN STREET, STE 6, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02148-5023 SN 0824-7935 J9 COMPUT INTELL JI Comput. Intell. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 13 IS 3 BP 391 EP 413 DI 10.1111/0824-7935.00044 PG 23 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA YA348 UT WOS:A1997YA34800004 ER PT J AU Siebold, GL AF Siebold, GL TI Diversity in work teams: Research paradigms for a changing workplace - Jackson,SE, Ruderman,MN SO CONTEMPORARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Book Review RP Siebold, GL (reprint author), USA,RES INST BEHAV & SOCIAL SCI,ALEXANDRIA,VA, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 SN 0010-7549 J9 CONTEMP PSYCHOL JI Comtemp. Psychol. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 42 IS 8 BP 739 EP 740 PG 2 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA XP900 UT WOS:A1997XP90000044 ER PT J AU Elliott, DC Wiles, CE AF Elliott, DC Wiles, CE TI Low lipid concentrations in critical illness: Hypocholesterolemia among trauma patients SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; PHASE-I; CHOLESTEROL; LIPOPROTEIN; DEATH C1 UNIV MARYLAND,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. RP Elliott, DC (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 25 IS 8 BP 1437 EP 1439 DI 10.1097/00003246-199708000-00038 PG 3 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA XQ994 UT WOS:A1997XQ99400038 PM 9267963 ER PT J AU Bridges, TS Farrar, JD AF Bridges, TS Farrar, JD TI The influence of worm age, duration of exposure and endpoint selection on bioassay sensitivity for neanthes arenaceodentata (Annelida: Polychaeta) SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Neanthes arenaceodentata; chronic sublethal bioassay; sensitivity; contaminated sediment; Black Rock Harbor ID LEPTOCHEIRUS-PLUMULOSUS; CONTAMINATED SEDIMENT; TOXICITY; SUBLETHAL; CADMIUM; GROWTH; COPPER; TRIBUTYLTIN AB The influence of worm age, duration of exposure, and endpoint selection on bioassay sensitivity were evaluated for Neanthes arenaceodentata. Worms were exposed to contaminated sediment collected from Black Rock Harbor (BRH) near Bridgeport, Connecticut, USA. This sediment was diluted with clean control sediment to result in five experimental treatments: 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% BRH. Three exposure scenarios were employed: (1) a 4-week exposure beginning with newly emerged juveniles (EJ-4w), (2) a 7-week exposure beginning with newly emerged juveniles (EJ-7w), and (3) a I 4-week exposure beginning with 3-week-old juveniles (3WO-4w). Six measures of worm size were recorded at the conclusion of each exposure to evaluate differences among measurement endpoints. Survival was significantly reduced at the 25% BRH level for the EJ-7w scenario and at the 100% BRH level for the EJ-4w and 3WO-4w scenarios. Growth was significantly reduced at the 25% BRH level in each exposure scenario. Estimates based on the calculated minimum detectable difference indicated that considerably lower concentrations of BRH (6-10%) should be distinguishable by measuring effects on Neanthes growth. Worm size measured in terms of projected area, dry weight, and ash-free dry weight provided the most sensitive measures of effects. Increasing the length of exposure from 4 to 7 weeks and initiating exposures with emergent juveniles rather than 3-week-old worms increased the sensitivity of the bioassay. The results of this study demonstrate that N. arenaceodentata is sensitive to the presence of sediment-associated contaminants and that test animal age, duration of exposure, and choice of endpoint can have a large effect on the magnitude of the toxic response observed. C1 ASCL CORP, VICKSBURG, MS 39180 USA. RP Bridges, TS (reprint author), USA, CORPS ENGINEERS, USAE, WATERWAYS EXPT STN, VICKSBURG, MS 39180 USA. NR 40 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 16 IS 8 BP 1650 EP 1658 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<1650:TIOWAD>2.3.CO;2 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA XP511 UT WOS:A1997XP51100013 ER PT J AU Bridges, TS Farrar, JD Duke, BM AF Bridges, TS Farrar, JD Duke, BM TI The influence of food ration on sediment toxicity in neanthes arenaceodentata (Annelida: Polychaeta) SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE nutrition; sediment bioassay; nontreatment effects; contaminant sensitivity ID STREBLOSPIO-BENEDICTI POLYCHAETA; CHIRONOMUS-RIPARIUS; GROWTH-RATE; REPRODUCTION; TEMPERATURE; BIOASSAYS; CADMIUM; PCB; ASSIMILATION; PHOTOPERIOD AB A 3 x 2 factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of food ration on observed toxicity in Neanthes arenaceodentata. Worms were fed one of three food rations: 0.25x, 1.0x, and 6.0x. The 1.0x ration was composed of 4 mg TetraMarin/worm/week and 2 mg alfalfa/worm/week. Worms in each food ration were exposed to one of two sediments: a clean control sediment collected from Sequim Bay, Washington, USA (SC) or a contaminated sediment collected from Black Rack Harbor near Bridgeport, Connecticut, USA (BRH) that was diluted with SC such that the final concentration of contaminated sediment was 12%. Survival and growth were monitored every 2 weeks for 8 weeks. Sediment treatment and food ration had strong effects on survival and growth patterns in N. arenaceodentata. Most of the mortality within any given treatment combination occurred during the first 2 weeks of the experiment. This decline in survival was greatest for worms exposed to BRH. Survival was significantly lower for worms in BRH compared to SC at the 0.25x and 1.0x ration levels. Survival was not reduced for worms in BRH compared to SC at the 6.0x ration level. Worm size during the course of the experiment was positively related to ration level. Significantly reduced size in BRH worms was observed at each monitoring period within the 0.25x and 1.0x rations, but only at weeks 6 and 8 for the 6.0x ration level. The percent difference in size between worms exposed to BRH and SC, when those worms were fed the 0.25x or 1.0x rations, ranged between 55 and 66%. The percent difference in size observed between BRH and SC worms fed the 6.0x ration was much smaller (9-17%). The results of this study demonstrate that food ration has a strong influence on observed toxicity in N. arenaceodentata. The importance of food ration effects on toxicity must be considered while designing chronic sublethal bioassays. To ensure the relevance of bioassay results, the food ration used during a chronic bioassay should produce a pattern of growth in control animals that is similar to patterns of growth observed in nature. C1 ASCL CORP, VICKSBURG, MS 39180 USA. RP Bridges, TS (reprint author), USA, CORPS ENGINEERS, USAE, WATERWAYS EXPT STN, VICKSBURG, MS 39180 USA. NR 47 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 16 IS 8 BP 1659 EP 1665 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<1659:TIOFRO>2.3.CO;2 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA XP511 UT WOS:A1997XP51100014 ER PT J AU Burch, HB Lahiri, S Bahn, RS Barnes, S AF Burch, HB Lahiri, S Bahn, RS Barnes, S TI Superoxide radical production stimulates retroocular fibroblast proliferation in Graves' ophthalmopathy SO EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Congress of Endocrinology CY JUN 12-15, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA DE Graves' disease; ophthalmopathy; thyroid; autoimmunity; pathogenesis; oxidative damage; superoxide radical; superoxide dismutase; retroocular fibroblast; cigarette smoking ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HLA-DR; SMOKING; DISMUTASE; LOCALIZATION; MODULATION; DISEASE; PATHOGENESIS; MANAGEMENT; EXPRESSION AB Retroocular fibroblast proliferation is believed to be a key component in the pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy. In the present study, we assessed the ability of superoxide radicals, generated using the xanthine oxidase/hypoxanthine system to induce cellular proliferation in cultured human retroocular fibroblasts obtained from two patients with severe Graves' ophthalmopathy and two control patients undergoing corrective eye surgery, In tissue obtained from patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy, fibroblast proliferation, as assessed by [H-3]-thymidine incorporation, was induced by superoxide radicals in a dose-dependent manner, Xanthine oxidase or hypoxanthine alone had no proliferative effect, and control retroocular fibroblasts showed no proliferation in response to superoxide generation. Preincubation with the antithyroid drug methimazole, at concentrations ranging from 0-25 mu M, prevented superoxide-induced fibroblast proliferation in a dose-response pattern. Preincubation With the xanthine oxidase inhibitor, allopurinol (1.0 mM) or the antioxidant nicotinamide (10 mu M) also inhibited superoxide-induced fibroblast proliferation, whereas propylthiouracil (10 mu M) had little effect. These studies suggest a pathway through which oxygen free radicals may contribute to the retroocular fibroblast proliferation observed in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy. (C) 1997 Academic Press Limited. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN,DIV ENDOCRINOL,ROCHESTER,MN 55905. RP Burch, HB (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,ENDOCRINE METAB SERV,KYLE METAB UNIT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 27 TC 46 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0014-4835 J9 EXP EYE RES JI Exp. Eye Res. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 65 IS 2 BP 311 EP 316 DI 10.1006/exer.1997.0353 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA XQ896 UT WOS:A1997XQ89600017 PM 9268599 ER PT J AU StanleyChristian, H Heim, BK Hines, JF Hall, KL Willett, GD Barnes, WA AF StanleyChristian, H Heim, BK Hines, JF Hall, KL Willett, GD Barnes, WA TI Villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the cervix: A report of three cases and review of the literature SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UTERINE CERVIX AB Villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the cervix is a distinct histologic type of cervical cancer. Fewer than 60 cases have been reported in the literature. Previous reports suggest that, due to the highly favorable prognosis of this rare histologic type of cervical cancer, conservative surgical therapy with cervical conization or extrafascial hysterectomy alone may be undertaken. In this series, three cases of villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the cervix are described. Preoperatively in each case, the cancer was confined to the cervix and histologic well-differentiated villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the cervix was confirmed. Extended hysterectomy was performed in all cases. In one case, residual invasive endocervical adenocarcinoma was noted. Careful review of the histologic characteristics of these tumors is needed when deciding if these patients can be managed with conservative therapy. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DIV GYNECOL ONCOL,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,DIV GYNECOL ONCOL,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. NR 12 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 66 IS 2 BP 327 EP 330 DI 10.1006/gyno.1997.4747 PG 4 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA XR313 UT WOS:A1997XR31300028 PM 9264585 ER PT J AU Manganaro, AM Cross, SE Startzell, JM AF Manganaro, AM Cross, SE Startzell, JM TI Carcinoma arising in a dentigerous cyst with neck metastasis SO HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK LA English DT Article DE dental follicle; dentigerous cyst; odontogenic keratocyst; ameloblastoma; intraosseous carcinoma; carcinoma AB Background: Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a dentigerous cyst is extremely uncommon. The diagnosis of carcinoma arising in a dentigerous cyst requires microscopically that an area of benign cystic epithelium is observed to transition into squamous cell carcinoma. In the present case, the patient was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the neck with an unknown primary. The primary site was found to be the follicular space associated with the right mandibular third molar. Methods. Light microscopic studies were performed to arrive al the final diagnosis. Results. Transition of the epithelial lining of the dentigerous cyst to squamous cell carcinoma was observed in multiple fields. Conclusions. The present case demonstrates that odontogenic cysts have to be considered a possible source of metastatic disease. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,HOSP DENT CLIN ORAL SURG,DEPT ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL SURG,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. NEW BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL ANAT,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX. NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 1043-3074 J9 HEAD NECK-J SCI SPEC JI Head Neck-J. Sci. Spec. Head Neck PD AUG PY 1997 VL 19 IS 5 BP 436 EP 439 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0347(199708)19:5<436::AID-HED12>3.0.CO;2-5 PG 4 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA XK797 UT WOS:A1997XK79700012 PM 9243273 ER PT J AU Torrieri, D Bakhru, K AF Torrieri, D Bakhru, K TI The effects of nonuniform and correlated noise on superresolution algorithms SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE algorithms; antenna arrays; noise ID RECURSIVE SUPPRESSION ALGORITHM AB The effects of nonuniform noise power and correlated noise in an antenna array on the performance of the recursive suppression, standard MUSIC, and reduced MUSIC superresolution algorithms are examined. It is shown that the speeds of resolution of all the algorithms are slowed, but their steady-state errors exhibit only a mild sensitivity to moderate noise-power variations if the signal-to-noise (SNR) is sufficiently large. The sensitivity of the standard MUSIC algorithm to correlated noise is shown to be much more than that of the other two algorithms, which can tolerate considerable correlated noise even when the SNR is relatively low. C1 CUB DEF SYST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186. RP Torrieri, D (reprint author), AMSRL IS TA,ARMY RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 45 IS 8 BP 1214 EP 1218 DI 10.1109/8.611239 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA XP189 UT WOS:A1997XP18900003 ER PT J AU Rao, PS Metz, HN Wilson, DW Hayon, EM AF Rao, PS Metz, HN Wilson, DW Hayon, EM TI One-electron reduction reactions of some inorganic nitrogen radicals in water SO INDIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY SECTION A-INORGANIC BIO-INORGANIC PHYSICAL THEORETICAL & ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SPECTRA AB The technique of pulse radiolysis and kinetic absorption spectrophotometry has been used to generate various inorganic nitrogen radicals and follow their one-electron reduction reactions. The method used is based on following the one-electron reduction of these free radicals (R-.) by various electron donor compounds (DH) present in solution: the R-. + DH --> R-. (or RH) + D-. + H+. The efficiency of this reaction is usually monitored by observing the formation of the D-. radicals at the wavelength of their absorption The efficiency of reduction of R-. radicals is found to depend upon the known redox potentials (E-0(1) at pH 7.0, 25 degrees C) of the donor compounds. Typical titration curves are obtained and from the midpoint (50% electron transfer) the ''kinetic potentials'' E-k(01) Of the R-. radicals can be derived. The E-k(01) values for the one-electron reduction of the following inorganic nitrogen radicals have been determined: N-.(3) (greater than or equal to+0.41V), (NH3+)-N-. (+0.55V), (NH2)-N-. (+0.20V), (CH3NH2+)-N-. (+0.06V), (CH3NH)-N-. (-0.05V), (N2H4+)-N-. (+0.034V), (N2H3)-N-. (+0.20V), (NHOH)-N-. (-0.40V), and (NHOCH3)-N-. (-0.45V). These values are based on the two-electron redox potentials of the donor compounds. The electron transfer kinetics leading to the formation of D-. radicals. are determined and rate constants (less than or equal to 6.0 x 10(9) M-1 sec(-1)) have been obtained. The implications of the results with regard to the reaction mechanism and kinetics of these inorganic nitrogen free radicals are discussed. C1 USA,NATICK RES & DEV LABS,PIONEERING RES LAB,NATICK,MA 01760. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU COUNCIL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH PI NEW DELHI PA PUBL & INFO DIRECTORATE, NEW DELHI 110012, INDIA SN 0376-4710 J9 INDIAN J CHEM A JI Indian J. Chem. Sect A-Inorg. Phys. Theor. Anal. Chem. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 36 IS 8 BP 649 EP 656 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XZ197 UT WOS:A1997XZ19700003 ER PT J AU Tacket, CO Kelly, SM Schodel, F Losonsky, G Nataro, JP Edelman, R Levine, MM Curtiss, R AF Tacket, CO Kelly, SM Schodel, F Losonsky, G Nataro, JP Edelman, R Levine, MM Curtiss, R TI Safety and immunogenicity in humans of an attenuated Salmonella typhi vaccine vector strain expressing plasmid-encoded hepatitis B antigens stabilized by the Asd-balanced lethal vector system SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID ORAL VACCINATION; CYCLIC-AMP; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; TYPHIMURIUM; AVIRULENT; MUTANTS; CONSTRUCTION; VOLUNTEERS; PROTEIN; CLONING AB Attenuated Salmonella typhi organisms which express genes encoding protective antigens of other pathogens have been developed for use as experimental oral vaccines, A Delta asd S. typhi strain attenuated by deletions in cya, crp, and cdt which contains hepatitis B core (HBc) and pre-S genes encoded on an Asd(+) pBR-based plasmid vector was constructed. Healthy adult volunteers ingested a single dose of 5 x 10(5) to 5 x 10(8) CFU of strain chi 4073 (Delta cya Delta crp Delta cdt S. typhi Ty2), 6 x 10(7) or 1 x 10(9) CFU of strain chi 4632(pYA3149), a further derivative of chi 4073 deleted in nsd and containing the Asd(+) vector without the HBc-pre-S fusion, or 3 x 10(7) or 7 x 10(8) CFU of strain chi 4632(pYA3167), a derivative containing the vector with the HBc-pre-S fusion, chi 4073 was generally well tolerated by 22 volunteers, No volunteer had fever or positive blood cultures; 4 of 22 volunteers shed vaccine organisms in the stool in the first 48 h only, Two of 18 volunteers who received one of the plasmid-containing derivatives of chi 4073 developed low-grade fevers on day 10 or 12 after ingestion, One of these volunteers had positive blood cultures on days 7 and 8, Seven of these 18 volunteers had vaccine organisms detected in their stools in the first 48 h only, Most volunteers developed S. typhi-specific serum responses and developed S. typhi-specific antibody-secreting cells, However, no volunteer developed serum antibody to hepatitis pre-S or pre-S-specific antibody-secreting cells, Although the parent strain chi 4073 was well tolerated, induced immunoglobulin G seroconversion to S. typhi lipopolysaccharide in 80 to 100% of vaccinees and stimulated specific IgA-secreting lymphocytes in 80 to 100% of vaccinees given a single oral dose of 2 x 10(7) and 5 x 10(8) CFU, chi 4073 derivatives containing the Asd(+) vector with and without sequences encoding the HBc-pre-S fusion caused occasional febrile reactions at high doses and did not stimulate detectable immune responses to hepatitis B antigens. C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT BIOL,ST LOUIS,MO 63130. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BACTERIAL DIS,WASHINGTON,DC. RP Tacket, CO (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,CTR VACCINE DEV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,685 W BALTIMORE ST,BALTIMORE,MD 21201, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01 AI15096]; NIDCR NIH HHS [R01 DE06669] NR 28 TC 88 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 65 IS 8 BP 3381 EP 3385 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA XM714 UT WOS:A1997XM71400057 PM 9234801 ER PT J AU Krakauer, T Fleischer, B Stevens, DL McClane, BA Stiles, BG AF Krakauer, T Fleischer, B Stevens, DL McClane, BA Stiles, BG TI Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin lacks superantigenic activity but induces an interleukin-6 response from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME; SUDDEN-INFANT-DEATH; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HUMAN-MONOCYTES; STAPHYLOCOCCAL ENTEROTOXINS; BACTERIAL TOXINS; SEPTIC SHOCK; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; ACTIVATION; ENDOTOXIN AB We investigated the potential superantigenic properties of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). In contrast to the findings of a previous report (P. Bowness, P. A. H. Moss, H. Tranter, J. I. Bell, and A. J. McMichael, J. Exp. Med. 176:893-896, 1992), two different, biologically active preparations of CPE had no mitogenic effects on PBMC. Furthermore, PBMC incubated with various concentrations of CPE did not elicit interleukin-l, interleukin-2, gamma interferon, or tumor necrosis factor alpha or beta, which are cytokines commonly associated with superantigenic stimulation. However, CPE did cause a dose-related release of interleukin-6 from PBMC cultures. C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DEPT IMMUNOL & MOL BIOL,FREDERICK,MD 21701. BERNHARD NOCHT INST TROP MED,HAMBURG,GERMANY. VET ADM MED CTR,INFECT DIS SECT,BOISE,ID. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV PITTSBURGH,SCH MED,DEPT MOL GENET & BIOCHEM,PITTSBURGH,PA 15261. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 19844-14] NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 65 IS 8 BP 3485 EP 3488 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA XM714 UT WOS:A1997XM71400074 PM 9234818 ER PT J AU Trotta, RF Hospenthal, DR Bennett, SP Daniels, AM Fishbain, JT AF Trotta, RF Hospenthal, DR Bennett, SP Daniels, AM Fishbain, JT TI Human monocytic ehrlichiosis with concurrent Lyme antibody seroconversion SO INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIOSIS; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; UNITED-STATES; AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM; POTENTIAL VECTOR; ETIOLOGIC AGENT; DISEASE; INFECTION; TICKS; RICKETTSIAE C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,INFECT DIS SERV,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1056-9103 J9 INFECT DIS CLIN PRAC JI Infect. Dis. Clin. Pract. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 6 IS 6 BP 401 EP 405 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA XX240 UT WOS:A1997XX24000016 ER PT J AU Maier, RS Bernard, RS AF Maier, RS Bernard, RS TI Accuracy of the lattice-Boltzmann method SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Discrete Models for Fluid Mechanics CY AUG 26-28, 1996 CL BOSTON UNIV, CTR COMPUTAT SCI, BOSTON, MA HO BOSTON UNIV, CTR COMPUTAT SCI DE lattice-Boltzmann; boundary conditions; numerical analysis ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; BGK MODELS; SIMULATIONS; FLOW AB The accuracy of the lattice-Boltzmann method (LBM) is moderated by several factors, including Mach number, spatial resolution, boundary conditions, and the lattice mean free path. Results obtained with 3D lattices suggest that the accuracy of certain two-dimensional (2D) flows, such as Poiseuille and Couette how, persist even when the mean free path between collisions is large, but that of the 3D duct flow deteriorates markedly when the mean free path exceeds the lattice spacing. Accuracy in general decreases with Knudsen number and Mach number, and the product of these two quantities is a useful index for the applicability of LBM to 3D low-Reynolds-number flow. The influence of boundary representations on LBM accuracy is captured by the proposed index, when the accuracy of the prescribed boundary conditions is consistent with that of LBM. C1 USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. RP Maier, RS (reprint author), USA,HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP RES CTR,1100 WASHINGTON AVE SO,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55415, USA. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0129-1831 J9 INT J MOD PHYS C JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. C PD AUG PY 1997 VL 8 IS 4 BP 747 EP 752 DI 10.1142/S0129183197000631 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA YE900 UT WOS:A1997YE90000010 ER PT J AU Chen, HC Nesterenko, VF LaSalvia, JC Meyers, MA AF Chen, HC Nesterenko, VF LaSalvia, JC Meyers, MA TI Shear-induced exothermic chemical reactions SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Mechanical and Physical Behaviour of Materials under Dynamics Loading (EURODYMAT 97) CY SEP 22-26, 1997 CL TOLEDO, SPAIN SP Univ Carlos III Madrid, Assoc DYMAT ID COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS; SHOCK SYNTHESIS; SILICIDES; PRESSURE AB The structure of controlled high-strain-rate shear bands generated in Ti-Si reactive powders has been investigated by means of the radial symmetric collapse of a thick-walled cylinder. Shear localization developed at global strains of 0.2-0.4 and a strain rate of 10(4) s(-1). Within the shear bands, local shear strains were up to 100 and local shear strain rates were 10(7) s(-1). Chemical reactions were initiated at these shear bands and propagated throughout the entire specimen under critical global strain conditions. A model for a periodic distribution of ''hot spots'' in reactive powders is proposed. It is possible to estimate the reaction rate from the triangular unreacted regions formed by the shear localization process. C1 USA,RES LAB,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005. RP Chen, HC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT APPL MECH & ENGN SCI,SAN DIEGO,CA 92093, USA. RI Meyers, Marc/A-2970-2016 OI Meyers, Marc/0000-0003-1698-5396 NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD AUG PY 1997 VL 7 IS C3 BP 27 EP 32 DI 10.1051/jp4:1997307 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YA512 UT WOS:A1997YA51200008 ER PT J AU Meyer, LW Krueger, L Gooch, W Burkins, M AF Meyer, LW Krueger, L Gooch, W Burkins, M TI Analysis of shear band effects in titanium relative to high strain-rate laboratory ballistic impact tests SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Mechanical and Physical Behaviour of Materials under Dynamics Loading (EURODYMAT 97) CY SEP 22-26, 1997 CL TOLEDO, SPAIN SP Univ Carlos III Madrid, Assoc DYMAT AB Mechanical and ballistic tests were performed on Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy subjected to three heat treatment conditions. For the samples annealed above the beta transition temperature, a loss in ballistic performance was noted and the samples exhibited little bulk deformation and bulging, but extensive adiabatic shear banding. Samples annealed below the beta transus temperature exhibited extensive bulk deformation and rear surface bulging, delaminations perpendicular to the penetrator path with shear bands parallel to the direction of impact. In mechanical tests, dynamic strength and failure behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V under compression and biaxial compression/shear loading has been investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to correlate deformation structures of shear cracks from ballistic tests with that of shear laboratory specimens. Indications of an relationship between the ballistic performance and mechanical behaviour under compression/shear loading of different heat treated titanium targets were noted, e.g. dynamic strength and sensitivity to adiabatic shear failure. C1 USA,RES LAB,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005. RP Meyer, LW (reprint author), TECH UNIV CHEMNITZ ZWICKAU,FAK MASCHINENBAU & VERFAHRENSTECH,D-09107 CHEMNITZ,GERMANY. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD AUG PY 1997 VL 7 IS C3 BP 415 EP 422 DI 10.1051/jp4:1997372 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YA512 UT WOS:A1997YA51200073 ER PT J AU Beyrer, C Artenstein, A Kunawararak, P VanCott, T Mason, C Rungreungthanakit, K Hegerich, P Nelson, KE Khamboonruang, C Natpratan, C AF Beyrer, C Artenstein, A Kunawararak, P VanCott, T Mason, C Rungreungthanakit, K Hegerich, P Nelson, KE Khamboonruang, C Natpratan, C TI The molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 among male sex workers in northern Thailand SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES AND HUMAN RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV subtype; prostitution; epidemiology; Thailand ID INFECTION; BEHAVIOR; MEN AB Male commercial sex workers (CSWs) in northern Thailand are at high risk for HIV-1 infection and may be exposed to multiple subtypes of HIV-1 through sexual contact with men and women from Thailand, other Asian nations, and the West. We studied 103 male Thai nationals working in gay bars and clubs in Chiang Mai city who participated in the 1994 sentinel surveillance of the Thai Ministry of Public Health using HIV serologic testing, DNA polymerase chain reaction methods, molecular cloning, differential colony hybridization, nucleotide sequencing, and a third hypervariable region (V3) peptide enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay to differentiate subjects infected with HIV-1 subtypes B, E, both, or neither. The majority (58%) reported heterosexual orientation, and 35 (34%) were married. Seventeen (16.5%) were HIV infected: 16 (94%) of 17 had HIV-1 subtype E; 1 had HIV-1 subtype B. Two subjects had dually reactive results by molecular techniques but colony hybridization sequencing revealed only HIV-1 subtype E. HIV-1 subtype E appears to be the predominant clade among male CSWs in northern Thailand. This may have important implications for the global kinetics of the HIV epidemic. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV RETROVIROL,ROCKVILLE,MD. ROYAL THAI MINIST PUBL HLTH,DEPT COMMUNICABLE DIS CONTROL,CHIANG MAI,THAILAND. ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. CHIANG MAI UNIV,RES INST HLTH SCI,CHIANG MAI 50000,THAILAND. HENRY M JACKSON FDN,ROCKVILLE,MD. RP Beyrer, C (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,DEPT EPIDEMIOL,615 N WOLFE ST,ROOM E7132,BALTIMORE,MD 21205, USA. OI MASON, CARL/0000-0002-3676-2811 NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1077-9450 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. PD AUG 1 PY 1997 VL 15 IS 4 BP 304 EP 307 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA YA525 UT WOS:A1997YA52500009 PM 9292590 ER PT J AU Weissman, DE Li, FK Lou, SH Nghiem, SV Neumann, G McIntosh, RE Carson, SC Carswell, JR Jensen, RE AF Weissman, DE Li, FK Lou, SH Nghiem, SV Neumann, G McIntosh, RE Carson, SC Carswell, JR Jensen, RE TI Measurements of ocean surface stress using aircraft scatterometers SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERACTION EXPERIMENT FASINEX; SEA-SURFACE; WIND STRESS; RADAR BACKSCATTER; MODEL FUNCTION; HEAT-FLUX; WAVES; COEFFICIENTS; ROUGHNESS; SPEED AB Scatterometer model functions that directly estimate friction velocity have been developed and are being tested with radar and in situ data acquired during the Surface Wave Dynamics Experiment (SWADE) of 1991. K-u-band and C-band scatterometers were operated simultaneously for extensive intervals for each of 10 days during SWADE. The model function developed previously from the FASINEX experiment converts the K-u-band normalized radar cross-section (NRCS) measurements into friction velocity estimates. These are compared to in situ estimates of surface wind stress and direction across a wide area both on and off the Gulf Stream (for hourly intervals), which were determined from buoy and meteorological measurements during February and March 1991. This involved the combination of a local, specially derived wind field, with an ocean wave model coupled through a sea-state-dependent drag coefficient. The K-u-band estimates u* magnitude are in excellent agreement with the in situ values. The C-band scatterometer measurements were coincident with the K-u-band NRCSs, whose u* estimates are then used to calibrate the C band. The results show the C-band NRCS dependence at 20 degrees, 30 degrees, 40 degrees, and 50 degrees to be less sensitive to friction velocity than the corresponding cases for K-u band. The goal is to develop the capability of making friction velocity estimates (and surface stress) from radar cross-sectional data acquired by satellite scatterometers. C1 CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,DEPT ELECT ENGN,AMHERST,MA 01003. UNIV MIAMI,ROSENSTIEL SCH MARINE & ATMOSPHER SCI,MIAMI,FL 33149. USA CORP ENGINEERS,COASTAL ENGN RES CTR,VICKSBURG,MS. RP Weissman, DE (reprint author), HOFSTRA UNIV,DEPT ENGN,HEMPSTEAD,NY 11550, USA. NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 14 IS 4 BP 835 EP 848 DI 10.1175/1520-0426(1997)014<0835:MOOSSU>2.0.CO;2 PG 14 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XN532 UT WOS:A1997XN53200007 ER PT J AU Chatterton, RT Vogelsong, KM Lu, YC Hudgens, GA AF Chatterton, RT Vogelsong, KM Lu, YC Hudgens, GA TI Hormonal responses to psychological stress in men preparing for skydiving SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID CORTISOL; PROLACTIN AB The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between the hormonal and psychological responses of young men about to engage in a potentially life-threatening event. Subjects were recruited to take their first skydiving jump. The scores on questionnaires designed to assess anxiety were not significantly increased at 0800 h on the morning before the jump by comparison with scores obtained from the same subjects 3-5 days previously. However, a psychological instrument for rating of events indicated significantly increased intensity, and sympathetic nervous system activity, as measured by the salivary amylase response, was increased over self-control values. Salivary cortisol and testosterone levels were significantly lower on the morning of the jump than self-control values and values in control subjects determined at the same time of day. However, plasma LH was not suppressed. The anxiety and stress measures as well as the rating of events rose to high levels just before the jump. With the exception of testosterone, which remained low, ser um cortisol, PRL, and GH all increased greatly subsequent to the rise in psychological measures, reached peak values before or shortly after landing, and declined significantly within the next hour. Anxiety and subjective stress scores declined to those of the self-control values within 15 min after landing, but the rating of events scale remained significantly elevated. In summary, reported anxiety associated with a purely psychological stressor was suppressed until within a few hours preceding the event, but was preceded by an increase in sympathetic nervous system activity and suppression of plasma cortisol and salivary testosterone levels. The event itself was associated with a reversal of the cortisol decline; other stress-associated hormones increased, but salivary testosterone remained low. C1 USA, RES LAB, ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD 21005 USA. RP Chatterton, RT (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL, 333 E SUPER ST, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA. NR 28 TC 159 Z9 164 U1 0 U2 5 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X EI 1945-7197 J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 82 IS 8 BP 2503 EP 2509 DI 10.1210/jc.82.8.2503 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA XP098 UT WOS:A1997XP09800022 PM 9253325 ER PT J AU Edwards, K Derby, JJ AF Edwards, K Derby, JJ TI Understanding horizontal Bridgman shelf growth of cadmium telluride and cadmium zinc telluride .1. Heat and momentum transfer SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE model; heat transfer; convection; cadmium telluride; horizontal Bridgman ID SOLUTE BOUNDARY-LAYER; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; RADIAL SEGREGATION; CONFIGURATION; CONVECTION; CDTE; CDZNTE; INTERFACE; FLOW AB Heat and momentum transport during the horizontal Bridgman (HB) growth of cadmium telluride (CdTe) and cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe) are investigated using a large-scale numerical model. The model employs the Galerkin finite element method to calculate two-dimensional, quasi-steady thermal and velocity fields in the presence of a free boundary, the solidification interface. Of particular interest in this study is the exploration of the shelf growth morphology during the HB growth of CdTe and CdZnTe. Our calculations clearly show that shelf growth naturally arises from simple heat transfer effects in the low-gradient system studied here. We also demonstrate how the shelf shape can be altered by process modifications. These results lend important insight to the benefits of shelf growth for production of CdTe and CdZnTe. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. UNIV MINNESOTA,ARMY HPC RES CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RI Derby, Jeffrey/B-9706-2009; OI Derby, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6418-2155 NR 56 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD AUG PY 1997 VL 179 IS 1-2 BP 120 EP 132 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(97)00201-7 PG 13 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA XN902 UT WOS:A1997XN90200017 ER PT J AU Edwards, K Derby, JJ AF Edwards, K Derby, JJ TI Understanding horizontal Bridgman shelf growth of cadmium telluride and cadmium zinc telluride .2. Thermoelastic stresses SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article ID GAAS CRYSTALS; DISLOCATION GENERATION; SEMICONDUCTOR CRYSTALS; LIQUID ENCAPSULATION; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; CZOCHRALSKI GROWTH; THERMAL-STRESSES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CDTE; MODEL AB A finite-element analysis of thermoelastic stresses is performed using the thermal fields predicted from a companion study [K. Edwards and J.J. Derby, J. Crystal Growth 179 (1997) 120] of the horizontal Bridgman growth of cadmium telluride and cadmium zinc telluride. Of special interest is the exploration of the shelf growth morphology and its effect on crystalline quality. The results of this study present a compelling argument for the benefits of shelf growth. Not only does the highly deflected interface characteristic of shelf growth act to shield the growing crystal from adverse crucible sticking interactions, the thermal conditions enhancing shelf growth, namely low thermal gradients and heating from below, act to minimize thermal stresses and further mitigate deleterious crucible interactions. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. UNIV MINNESOTA,ARMY HPC RES CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RI Derby, Jeffrey/B-9706-2009; OI Derby, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6418-2155 NR 43 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD AUG PY 1997 VL 179 IS 1-2 BP 133 EP 143 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(97)00202-9 PG 11 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA XN902 UT WOS:A1997XN90200018 ER PT J AU Cook, JF Hansen, M Breitweser, J AF Cook, JF Hansen, M Breitweser, J TI Optimizing radiology in the new picture archiving and communication system environment SO JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Symposium for Computer Applications in Radiology CY JUN 21-24, 1997 CL MAYO CLIN, ROCHESTER, MN SP Soc Comp Applicat Radiol HO MAYO CLIN DE picture archiving and communications system (PACS); radiology reports; diagnostic radiology; department management AB Picture archiving and communications systems (PACS) have inescapably altered the face of radiology. Images are available to radiologists and clinicians alike, nearly instantaneously. For patient care management, service has improved, but without inclusion of input from radiologists. Effecting timely report availability requires reorganization of radiology. In a hospital-wide PACS environment, we undertook to render a preliminary report on all nonprocedural computed radiography examinations within 30 minutes in a teaching environment. Two periods of time in the same month were analyzed, one before reorganization and one after. Of 686 reports, 117 were examined with a statistical significance of alpha = .05 (95% confidence) and a power of 90%. Average times for examination acquisition to preliminary report availability on the PACS decreased from 5 hours to 31 minutes. Standard deviation in report generation times decreased from 8 hours to 30 minutes. This preliminary study suggests that business process reengineering can effect improvement in information flow within a teaching facility resulting in radiologists rejoining the patient care management team. Successes, pitfalls, and future requirements are discussed. Copyrights (C) 1997 by W.B. Saunders Company. RP Cook, JF (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,1 JARRETT WHITE RD,HONOLULU,HI 96859, USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0897-1889 J9 J DIGIT IMAGING JI J. Digit. Imaging PD AUG PY 1997 VL 10 IS 3 SU 1 BP 165 EP 167 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA XR542 UT WOS:A1997XR54200052 PM 9268869 ER PT J AU Barrett, AH Cardello, AV Prakash, A Mair, L Taub, IA Lesher, LL AF Barrett, AH Cardello, AV Prakash, A Mair, L Taub, IA Lesher, LL TI Optimization of dehydrated egg quality by microwave assisted freeze-drying and hydrocolloid incorporation SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION LA English DT Article ID WHITE GELS; RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; STRESS-RELAXATION; PROTEIN GELS; TEXTURE; MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPRESSION; GELATION; CREEP; WHEY AB Enhancement of the physical and sensory properties of rehydrated egg products as a consequence of microwave assisted freeze-drying and addition of hydrocolloids to the formulation was assessed. When compared to conventional freeze-drying (CFD), microwave assisted freeze-drying (MFD) led to products with greater water-holding capacity and reduced elastic modulus. Comparisons were also made of moisture sorption rates. The addition of xanthan gum and, to a lesser extent, microcrystalline cellulose increased both water-holding capacity and elastic modulus. Magnitude estimation by a trained texture panel of critical sensory properties (chewiness, rubberiness, moistness, moisture release, and roughness) revealed that MFD samples were superior to CFD samples and that MFD samples containing xanthan were closest to the ''optimal'' for the egg products. It was concluded that the more uniform and less heat stressing process of microwave assisted freeze-drying coupled with the presence of xanthan gum leads to a rehydrated product that best retains its structural. C1 CHAPMAN UNIV,DEPT FOOD SCI & NUTR,ORANGE,CA 92666. GEO CTRS INC,FRAMINGHAM,MA 01760. RP Barrett, AH (reprint author), USA,SOLDIER SYST COMMAND,NATICK RES DEV & ENGN CTR,SUSTAINABIL DIRECTORATE,NATICK,MA 01760, USA. NR 37 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU FOOD NUTRITION PRESS INC PI TRUMBULL PA 6527 MAIN ST, P O BOX 374, TRUMBULL, CT 06611 SN 0145-8892 J9 J FOOD PROCESS PRES JI J. Food Process Preserv. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 21 IS 3 BP 225 EP 244 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4549.1997.tb00778.x PG 20 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA XU098 UT WOS:A1997XU09800004 ER PT J AU Puppala, SK Alshawabkeh, AN Acar, YB Gale, RJ Bricka, M AF Puppala, SK Alshawabkeh, AN Acar, YB Gale, RJ Bricka, M TI Enhanced electrokinetic remediation of high sorption capacity soil SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE electrokinetic remediation; metal precipitation; synthetic soil ID REMOVAL; KAOLINITE; ELECTROOSMOSIS AB In unenhanced electrokinetic remediation of metals, electrolysis reactions at the cathode generate a high pH medium that results in metal precipitation and immobilization in the soil. Different enhancement procedures could be utilized at the electrodes to prevent or hinder the generation and transport of this alkaline medium into the soil. This study investigates the feasibility of enhanced extraction of metals from high sorption capacity soils by the use of acetic acid to neutralize the cathode electrolysis reaction and also the use of an ion selective (Nafion (TM)) membrane to prevent back-transport of the OH- generated at the cathode. Synthetic soil samples spiked with lead were used in the testing. Synthetic soils were a mixture of 40% illite, 8% kaolinite, 5% Na-montmorillonite and 47% fine sand representing an illitic deposit. The results demonstrate the feasibility of extracting lead from the deposit, Acetic acid and Nafion enhancement resulted in better removal efficiencies and lead electrodepositions at the cathode compared to unenhanced tests. However, higher energy expenditure and longer processing periods were required when compared to enhanced extraction of lead from kaolinite. Acetic acid tests required less energy than membrane tests. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 NORTHEASTERN UNIV,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,SNELL ENGN CTR 420,BOSTON,MA 02189. ELECTROKINET INC,BATON ROUGE,LA 70809. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,WES EE R,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. NR 25 TC 101 Z9 109 U1 4 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 55 IS 1-3 BP 203 EP 220 DI 10.1016/S0304-3894(97)00011-3 PG 18 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA YF958 UT WOS:A1997YF95800015 ER PT J AU Kalayanarooj, S Vaughn, DW Nimmannitya, S Green, S Suntayakorn, S Kunentrasai, N Viramitrachai, W Ratanachueke, S Kiatpolpoj, S Innis, BL Rothman, L Nisalak, A Ennis, FA AF Kalayanarooj, S Vaughn, DW Nimmannitya, S Green, S Suntayakorn, S Kunentrasai, N Viramitrachai, W Ratanachueke, S Kiatpolpoj, S Innis, BL Rothman, L Nisalak, A Ennis, FA TI Early clinical and laboratory indicators of acute dengue illness SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 44th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV, 1995 CL SAN ANTONIO, TX SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg ID ANTIBODY-DEPENDENT ENHANCEMENT; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; SHOCK SYNDROME; RISK; PATHOGENESIS; INFECTIONS; MONOCYTES AB A prospective observational study was conducted to identify early indicators of acute dengue virus infection, Children with fever for <72 h without obvious cause were studied at hospitals in Bangkok and Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand, until resolution of fever, Of 172 evaluable subjects (91% of enrollees), 60 (35%) had dengue, including 32 with dengue fever (DF) and 28 with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). At enrollment, children with dengue were more likely than children with other febrile illnesses (OFI) to report anorexia, nausea, and vomiting and to have a positive tourniquet test, and they had lower total white blood cell counts, absolute neutrophil and absolute monocyte counts, and higher plasma alanine and aspartate (AST) aminotransferase levels than children with OFI. Plasma AST levels were higher in children who developed DHF than in those with DF. These data identify simple clinical and laboratory parameters that help to identify children with DF or DHF. C1 UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,MED CTR,DIV INFECT DIS & IMMUNOL,WORCESTER,MA 01655. BANGKOK CHILDRENS HOSP,BANGKOK,THAILAND. ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. KAMPHAENG PHET PROV HOSP,KAMPHAENG PHET,THAILAND. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT VIRUS RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-34533] NR 30 TC 269 Z9 295 U1 0 U2 11 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 176 IS 2 BP 313 EP 321 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA XW859 UT WOS:A1997XW85900002 PM 9237695 ER PT J AU Vaughn, DW Green, S Kalayanarooj, S Innis, BL Nimmannitya, S Suntayakorn, S Rothman, AL Ennis, FA Nisalak, A AF Vaughn, DW Green, S Kalayanarooj, S Innis, BL Nimmannitya, S Suntayakorn, S Rothman, AL Ennis, FA Nisalak, A TI Dengue in the early febrile phase: Viremia and antibody responses SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 44th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV, 1995 CL SAN ANTONIO, TX SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; PATHOGENESIS; INFECTIONS; VIRUSES; MOSQUITOS; ANTIGEN AB A multicenter effort was begun in 1994 to characterize the pathophysiology of dengue using a study design that minimized patient selection bias by offering enrollment to all children with undifferentiated fever for <72 h. In the first year, 189 children were enrolled (age range, 8 months to 14 years). Thirty-two percent of these children had dengue infections (60 volunteers). The percentage of children with a secondary dengue infection was 93%, with only 4 (7%) having a primary dengue infection. The virus isolation rate from the plasma of children with dengue was 98%. Viremia correlated highly with temperature. All four dengue virus serotypes were isolated at both study sites. This study demonstrates that all four serotypes of dengue virus can cause dengue hemorrhagic fever, that all dengue patients as defined by serology experience viremia during the febrile phase, and that as fever subsides, so does viremia. C1 ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,DEPT VIROL,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. BANGKOK CHILDRENS HOSP,BANGKOK,THAILAND. KAMPHAENG PHET PROV HOSP,KAMPHAENG PHET,THAILAND. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,MED CTR,DIV INFECT DIS & IMMUNOL,WORCESTER,MA. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT VIRUS DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-34533] NR 44 TC 241 Z9 253 U1 1 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 176 IS 2 BP 322 EP 330 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA XW859 UT WOS:A1997XW85900003 PM 9237696 ER PT J AU Alving, CR Szebeni, J AF Alving, CR Szebeni, J TI Policing function of complement: Through the body with gun and camera SO JOURNAL OF LABORATORY AND CLINICAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID OCCURRING ANTI-BAND-3 ANTIBODIES; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; LIPOSOMES; CHOLESTEROL; PHAGOCYTOSIS RP Alving, CR (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT MEMBRANE BIOCHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-2143 J9 J LAB CLIN MED JI J. Lab. Clin. Med. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 130 IS 2 BP 123 EP 125 DI 10.1016/S0022-2143(97)90087-1 PG 3 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Medical Laboratory Technology; General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA XT100 UT WOS:A1997XT10000004 PM 9280138 ER PT J AU Lynch, LN Hammons, MI AF Lynch, LN Hammons, MI TI Characterization methodology for preformed compression seals SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Preformed pavement polychloroprene compression seals were analyzed using dynamic shear rheology and numerical analysis to assess the feasibility of using these techniques to develop an improved methodology for designing and characterizing preformed seals, as well as predicting their field performance. The investigation consisted of three phases: (1) dynamic shear rheological analysis of unaged and aged polychloroprene materials to obtain material property input for numerical analysis; (2) numerical analysis of one preformed compression seal web design; and (3) numerical analysis verification through laboratory compression tests of unaged and aged seal materials. The investigational results indicate advanced material modeling capabilities of finite-element analysis coupled with the material properties obtained through dynamic shear rheological analysis provide a significant capability to explore seal performance variations resulting from different joint seal geometries, material compositions, and aging characteristics. The techniques investigated accurately described the deformation of the seal and provided force-displacement relationships, including relaxation with time and stiffening with age. Additional minor refinements in the techniques developed through this investigation would result in a powerful design and field performance predictive model. RP Lynch, LN (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,AIRFIELDS & PAVEMENTS DIV,GEOTECH LAB,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0899-1561 J9 J MATER CIVIL ENG JI J. Mater. Civ. Eng. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 9 IS 3 BP 139 EP 145 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(1997)9:3(139) PG 7 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science GA XM220 UT WOS:A1997XM22000006 ER PT J AU Gozalo, A Lucas, C Cachay, M Montoya, E Ballou, WR Wooster, MT Watts, DM AF Gozalo, A Lucas, C Cachay, M Montoya, E Ballou, WR Wooster, MT Watts, DM TI Prevalence of antibody to Plasmodium falciparum antigens among feral Saimiri monkeys in the Amazon basin region of Peru SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE malaria; Plasmodium falciparum; antigens; immunology; Saimiri sp.; Cebidae ID MALARIA; IMMUNOGENICITY; SCIUREUS; PROTEIN C1 USN,MED RES INST,LIMA,PERU. IVITA,CTR REPROD & CONSERVAT NONHUMAN PRIMATES,IQUITOS,PERU. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 26 IS 4 BP 204 EP 206 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA YG918 UT WOS:A1997YG91800004 PM 9416571 ER PT J AU Manganaro, AM Holmes, SM AF Manganaro, AM Holmes, SM TI Persistent lip swelling SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Article ID CHEILITIS-GRANULOMATOSA; CROHNS-DISEASE; MANIFESTATIONS C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. UNIV MIAMI,SCH MED,DIV ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL SURG,CORAL GABLES,FL 33124. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 55 IS 8 BP 842 EP 846 DI 10.1016/S0278-2391(97)90346-3 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA XQ334 UT WOS:A1997XQ33400013 PM 9251613 ER PT J AU Madison, JG Hokett, SD AF Madison, JG Hokett, SD TI The effects of different tetracyclines on the dentin root surface of instrumented, periodontally involved human teeth: A comparative scanning electron microscope study SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dentin; doxycycline, therapeutic use; minocycline, therapeutic use; sumycin, therapeutic use; tetracycline, therapeutic use; tooth root; smear layer ID CITRIC-ACID; FIBROBLAST ATTACHMENT; BIOCHEMICAL APPROACH; COLLAGENASE ACTIVITY; IN-VITRO; HCL; REGENERATION; GINGIVAL; DISEASES; INVITRO AB THIS IN VITRO STUDY COMPARES, by scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination, the surface effects of various topical applications of tetracycline on the instrumented dentin root surface of human teeth. Eighty-two (82) dentin samples were prepared from periodontally-compromised teeth planned for extraction. Solutions of tetracycline HCl, doxycycline, minocycline, sumycin, and a saline control were prepared and applied to the dentin samples for 0.5, 1, 3, 5, and 10 minutes. Each solution pH was measured: tetracycline HCl (pH 1.6), doxycycline (pH 2.2), minocycline (pH 3.8), sumycin (pH 4.4), and saline (pH 5.1). A tetracycline periodontal fiber was also evaluated at 1, 4, 7, and 10 days of exposure for dentin surface effects. Tetracycline HC1 removed the dentin smear layer leaving clean and open tubules significantly better than other solutions tested in as little as 30 seconds. Doxycycline and minocycline produced similar results to each other, which were significantly better than sumycin and saline, but not as effective as tetracycline HCl. Smear layer removal was attained by doxycycline and minocycline in five to ten minutes; however, sumycin and the saline control ineffectively removed the surface smear layer and dentinal tubules remained partially to totally occluded by debris. The periodontal fiber did not significantly alter the surface smear layer. Results of this study suggest that tetracycline HC1 is the best current tetracycline form for root surface conditioning as measured by its ability to affect both dentin smear layer removal and dentin tubule exposure. C1 USA,DENT CORP,FT BRAGG,NC. NR 37 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 68 IS 8 BP 739 EP 745 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA XT644 UT WOS:A1997XT64400005 PM 9287064 ER PT J AU Craddock, MLR Parker, MH Cameron, SM Gardner, FM AF Craddock, MLR Parker, MH Cameron, SM Gardner, FM TI Artifacts in recording immediate mandibular translation: A laboratory investigation SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article AB Statement of problem. Even though immediate mandibular translation has been extensively studied and analyzed, and its clinical significance emphasized there is controversy as to whether it actually exists or whether it is just an artifact of the pantograph. Purpose. The aim of this study was to determine whether what appears to be pantographic evidence of immediate mandibular translation can actually he an artifact and, if so, to find a method to avoid it. Material and methods. The first part of this article explains geometrically with computer vector graphics holy purr: rotation can produce a pantographic tracing on the horizontal plate that is identical to what would be seen for immediate mandibular translation. The second part of the article presents a technique that uses a modified pantograph that eliminates the rotational artifact and thus permits proper interpretation of true immediate mandibular translation. Results. This study shows that pure rotation about the sagittal axis mimics immediate mandibular translation on a pantographic tracing when the plates are inferior to the transverse horizontal asis, produces scribings in an opposite direction for plates in a superior position, and produces no scribing when hen the plates are level with it. By modifying the pantograph so the tip of the scribing Fin of the horizontal plate is level with the transverse horizontal asis, true immediate mandibular translation can most easily be differentiated from rotational artifact. Conclusions and Clinical Significance, Rotation can cause artifacts that mimic immediate mandibular translation. A technique to avoid this problem is presented. This technique provides the foundation for a valid evaluation of patients to determine whether true immediate mandibular translation exists and whether it is clinically important. C1 USA,DENT ACTIV,PROSTHODONT RESIDENCY PROGRAM,FT GORDON,GA 30905. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 78 IS 2 BP 172 EP 178 DI 10.1016/S0022-3913(97)70122-7 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA XQ489 UT WOS:A1997XQ48900010 PM 9260135 ER PT J AU Lebeda, FJ Olson, MA AF Lebeda, FJ Olson, MA TI Predicting differential antigen-antibody contact regions based on solvent accessibility SO JOURNAL OF PROTEIN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE botulinum neurotoxin; neural network algorithm; neutralizing determinant; type-specific antibody; vaccine ID PROTEIN SECONDARY STRUCTURE; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BOTULINUM; BINDING; COMPLEX; TETANUS; DETERMINANTS; NEUROTOXINS; FRAGMENT AB A novel computational approach was examined for predicting epitopes from primary structures of the seven immunologically distinct botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT/A-G) and tetanus toxin (TeTX). An artificial neural network [Rost and Sander (1994), Proteins 20, 216] was used to estimate residue solvent accessibilities in multiple aligned sequences. A similar network trained to predict secondary structures was also used to examine this protein family, whose tertiary fold is presently unknown. The algorithm was validated by showing that it was 80% accurate in determining the secondary structure of avian egg-white lysozyme and that it correctly identified highly solvent-exposed residues that correspond to the major contact regions of lysozyme-antibody cocrystals. When sequences of the heavy (H) chains of TeTX and BoNT/A-G were analyzed, this algorithm predicted that the most highly exposed regions were clustered at the sequentially nonconserved N- and C-termini [Lebeda and Olson (1994), Proteins 20, 293]. The secondary structures and the remaining highly solvent-accessible regions were, in contrast, predicted to be conserved. In experiments reported by others, H-chain fragments that induced immunological protection against BoNT/A overlap with these predicted most highly exposed regions. It is also known that the C-terminal halves of the TeTX and BoNT/A H-chains interfere with holotoxin binding to ectoacceptors on nerve endings. Thus, the present results provide a theoretical framework for predicting the sites that could assist in the development of genetically engineered vaccines and that could interact with neurally located toxin ectoacceptors, Finally, because the most highly solvent-exposed regions were not well conserved. it is hypothesized thar nonconserved, potential contact sites partially account for the existence of different dominant binding regions for type-specific neutralizing antibodies. RP Lebeda, FJ (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DEPT CELL BIOL & BIOCHEM,DIV TOXICOL,FREDERICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 43 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0277-8033 J9 J PROTEIN CHEM JI J. Protein Chem. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 16 IS 6 BP 607 EP 618 DI 10.1023/A:1026370807586 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA XP662 UT WOS:A1997XP66200004 PM 9263123 ER PT J AU Goedecke, GH Auvermann, HJ AF Goedecke, GH Auvermann, HJ TI Acoustic scattering by atmospheric turbules SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SOUND AB Atmospheric turbulence is modeled as a collection of self-similar localized eddies, called turbules. Turbulent temperature variation and solenoidal velocity structure function spectra and the corresponding average acoustic scattering cross sections are calculated for several isotropic homogeneous turbule ensembles. Different scaling laws for turbule strengths, number densities, and sizes produce different power-law spectra independent of turbule morphology in an ''inertial range'' of the spectral variable K. For fractal size scaling and Kolmogorov power law not congruent to K-11/3 in the inertial range, not only do turbule strengths scale like the one-third power of the size, but also the turbule packing fractions are scale invariant, as are the expressions derived for the structure parameters (C-T(2),C-p(2)). The inertial range boundaries of the spectral variable and scattering angles are easily estimated from the inner and outer scales of the turbulence. They depend weakly on turbule morphology, while the spectra and cross sections outside the inertial ranges depend strongly on it. Scattering at angles outside the inertial range, which occurs in practical cases, is much weaker than predicted by the Kolmogorov spectrum. For Gaussian turbule ensembles, quasianalytic forms are obtained for the spectra and scattering cross sections and for the structure functions themselves. (C) 1997 Acoustical Society of America. C1 USA,RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783. RP Goedecke, GH (reprint author), NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003, USA. NR 13 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 102 IS 2 BP 759 EP 771 DI 10.1121/1.419951 PN 1 PG 13 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA XQ763 UT WOS:A1997XQ76300010 ER PT J AU Li, YL White, MJ Tai, JF AF Li, YL White, MJ Tai, JF TI An improved approximation for wave propagation above an impedance ground in a medium with a linear sound-speed profile SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Letter ID TEMPERATURE-GRADIENTS; WIND; ATMOSPHERE AB The atmospheric profile whose sound speed varies linearly with height is simple in concept, but leads to complications when solving for the sound pressure, Its effects are commonly approximated by a similar profile whose squared refractive index is a linear function of height. In this paper, the validity of the approximation has been examined for sound propagation above an impedance ground and an improved approximation is given. The new approximation is based on a WKB-type analysis using Airy functions as the general solution to the wave equation. Numerical examples show that this new approximation more adequately models the sound field for the linear sound-speed profile for a wide range of detector heights and gradients and for both upward and downward refracting atmospheres, (C) 1997 Acoustical Society of America. C1 USA,CONSTRUCT ENGN RES LAB,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61826. RP Li, YL (reprint author), INTEL CORP,CH5-137,5000 W CHANDLER BLVD,CHANDLER,AZ 85226, USA. RI White, Michael/B-3612-2009 OI White, Michael/0000-0001-8450-9135 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 102 IS 2 BP 1231 EP 1234 DI 10.1121/1.419938 PN 1 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA XQ763 UT WOS:A1997XQ76300058 ER PT J AU Smith, KJ Skelton, HG Graham, JS Hamilton, TA Hackley, BE Hurst, CG AF Smith, KJ Skelton, HG Graham, JS Hamilton, TA Hackley, BE Hurst, CG TI Depth of morphologic skin damage and viability after one, two, and three passes of a high-energy, short-pulse CO2 laser (Tru-Pulse) in pig skin SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE LASER; PORCINE SKIN; PERMEABILITY; MODEL AB Background: CO2 laser energy is absorbed by water, which is present in all tissue. The depth of penetration of CO2 lasers is narrow with minimal reflection, scatter, or transmission. However, thermal damage has limited the usefulness of conventional, continuous-wave CO2 lasers for debridement as demonstrated by wound healing studies. The development df high-energy CO2 lasers, with pulse durations that are less than the thermal relaxation time of tissue, have made vaporization of skin for resurfacing and wound debridement possible because of the decreased risk of thermal damage. Objective: This study was performed to evaluate thermal damage produced by a CO2 laser. Methods: Routine histopathologic examination and nitroblue-tetrazolium chloride (NBTC) staining were used to evaluate the depth of tissue damage and viability in weanling pig skin after one. two, and three passes of the laser. Results: At a pulse energy of 300 mJ, with a pulse duration of 60 mu sec, one pass of the laser produced vaporization of the epidermis with minimal thermal damage. Two passes produced areas of denatured collagen with loss of viable cells in the superficial papillary dermis. Three passes extended the damage into the papillary dermis. Conclusion: Hyalinization of collagen appears to correspond well with the level of thermal damage as measured by NBTC staining. Our findings suggest that the energy necessary to vaporize the dermis may be greater than that needed to vaporize epidermis. C1 USA, MED RES INST CHEM DEF, ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD 21010 USA. LAB CORP AMER, HERNDON, VA USA. DEF CHEM & BIOL MATTERS, ARLINGTON, VA USA. RP Smith, KJ (reprint author), NATL NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT DERMATOL, BETHESDA, MD 20889 USA. NR 18 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 37 IS 2 BP 204 EP 210 DI 10.1016/S0190-9622(97)80126-0 PN 1 PG 7 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA XT275 UT WOS:A1997XT27500007 PM 9270505 ER PT J AU Loube, DI Loube, AA Erman, MK AF Loube, DI Loube, AA Erman, MK TI Continuous positive airway pressure treatment results in weight loss in obese and overweight patients with obstructive sleep apnea SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID THERAPY C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,SLEEP DISORDERS CTR,PULM CARE MED SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PSYCHIAT,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. SCRIPPS CLIN,DIV SLEEP DISORDERS,LA JOLLA,CA 92037. NR 14 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 97 IS 8 BP 896 EP 897 DI 10.1016/S0002-8223(97)00220-4 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA XP783 UT WOS:A1997XP78300017 PM 9259715 ER PT J AU Matthew, CB AF Matthew, CB TI Heat acclimation in telemetry equipped rat SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE telemetry; heat; acclimation; core temperature; heart rate; blood pressure; thermoregulation; rats; animal; handling stress ID SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS; CORE TEMPERATURE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; RADIOTELEMETRY; HYPERTHERMIA; PERFORMANCE; STRESS AB In rats with radio-telemetry units, core temperature (Tc), heart rare (HR), and blood pressure (BP) were measured during 2 weeks of heat acclimation and a subsequent heat stress test to differentiate between acclimation and handling effects. Heat acclimated telemetry equipped rats (THAC) had significantly lower HR, systolic BP, and Tc during heat stress than non-acclimated telemetry equipped rats (TCAC) THAC and TCAC rats had greater endurance times and lower water loss rates than comparable groups without telemetry. Differences in resting Tc previously attributed to acclimation may be due to a reduction in sensitivity to stress of handling and measurement of rectal temperature in heat acclimated animals. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Matthew, CB (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD AUG-OCT PY 1997 VL 22 IS 4-5 BP 275 EP 280 DI 10.1016/S0306-4565(97)00022-3 PG 6 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA YQ222 UT WOS:000071363000006 ER PT J AU Kraning, KK Gonzalez, RR AF Kraning, KK Gonzalez, RR TI A mechanistic computer simulation of human work in heat that accounts for physical and physiological effects of clothing, aerobic fitness, and progressive dehydration SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thermoregulatory models; heat stress; central and peripheral circulatory responses ID SKIN BLOOD-FLOW; MODERATE EXERCISE; STRESS; RESPONSES; MUSCLE AB 1. This paper describes a computer model (SCENARIO) specifically designed to simulate the time course of heat strain observed during athletic, industrial, and military settings. 2. The simulations generated by the model dependably reproduce the time course of body temperature shifts, thermoeffector responses, central and peripheral circulatory changes in persons exercising in warm and hot environments. 3. The model takes into consideration different clothing ensembles, varied levels of aerobic fitness in a population, and effects of progressive dehydration and deconditioning (extended bed rest). Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Kraning, KK (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 40 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD AUG-OCT PY 1997 VL 22 IS 4-5 BP 331 EP 342 DI 10.1016/S0306-4565(97)00031-4 PG 12 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA YQ222 UT WOS:000071363000014 ER PT J AU Kolka, MA Levine, L Stephenson, LA AF Kolka, MA Levine, L Stephenson, LA TI Use of an ingestible telemetry sensor to measure core temperature under chemical protective clothing SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thermoregulation; women; clothing; heat stress; telemetry ID TYMPANIC TEMPERATURE; HYPERTHERMIA; ESOPHAGEAL; EXERCISE; SURGERY; HUMANS; BRAIN AB The purpose of this study was to describe core temperatures measured by esophageal temperature and a swallowed telemetry sensor in women during exercise when wearing clothing with high thermal resistance (R-T, 0.4 m-(2).K-1.W-1). Resting esophageal temperature (T-es) averaged 37.11 +/- 0.21 degrees C and resting pill temperature (T-pill) averaged 37.17 +/- 0.27 degrees C. The combination of exercise (225 +/- 30 W m(-2)), clothing and ambient temperature (T-a = 30 degrees C) caused T-es to increase to an average of 38.67 +/- 0.28 degrees C and T-pill to increase to an average of 38.71 +/- 0.33 degrees C during the hour of treadmill walking. The two temperature measurements were compared by least squares regression techniques. For the eight individual experiments run, the regression coefficient (r) averaged 0.98 +/- 0.01. The calibrated temperature sensor ingested in these experiments provided accurate, usable core temperature data during logistically difficult experimental conditions. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Kolka, MA (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 24 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD AUG-OCT PY 1997 VL 22 IS 4-5 BP 343 EP 349 DI 10.1016/S0306-4565(97)00032-6 PG 7 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA YQ222 UT WOS:000071363000015 ER PT J AU Heidenreich, A Schenkmann, NS Sesterhenn, IA Mostofi, FK McCarthy, WF Heidenreich, B Moul, JW AF Heidenreich, A Schenkmann, NS Sesterhenn, IA Mostofi, FK McCarthy, WF Heidenreich, B Moul, JW TI Immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 to predict lymph node involvement in clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumors SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE testis cancer; proliferation marker; Ki-67; MIB-1; nonseminoma; germ cell tumor; retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy; surveillance ID DNA FLOW-CYTOMETRY; GROWTH FRACTION; PROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY; EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; VASCULAR INVASION; TESTICULAR CANCER; ANTIGEN; PCNA; PARAMETERS AB Purpose: Primary archival tumor tissues of 89 patients with clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumors were analysed for MIB-1 expression and histological parameters such as percentage embryonal carcinoma and presence of vascular invasion to determine the value of these parameters to predict absence or presence of occult lymph node disease. Materials and Methods: A monoclonal antibody (MIB-1) developed for application in paraffin-embedded tissues was used to measure immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 for the overall tumor (total MIB-1) and for each malignant cell type present. In addition, the primary tumors were examined for the presence of vascular invasion and determination of quantitative histology. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used for statistical analysis. Results: Univariate analysis neither revealed total MIL-1 score nor MIB-1 score in the highest area of staining of the different cell types to significantly predict pathological stage I or stage II disease. However, the presence of vascular invasion (p < 0.0001) and the percentage of embryonal carcinoma (p < 0.0001) were significant risk factors for occult nodal disease. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed the combination of vascular invasion and the percentage of embryonal carcinoma to be the best model to predict pathological stage II correctly (86.5%). Discussion: The determination of immunohistochemical MIB-1 expression did not correlate with pathological stage in clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT). We were not able to define high risk or low risk groups for occult nodal disease based on MIB-1 staining results. However, percentage of embryonal carcinoma and presence of vascular invasion accurately predicted absence or presence of lymph node metastasis in clinical stage I NSGCT. Our study underlines that a prospective multicenter trial is urgently needed to accurately assess the role of MIB-1 staining in management of clinical stage I NSGCT. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT SURG,BETHESDA,MD 20814. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,UROL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,DEPT GENITOURINARY PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. RP Heidenreich, A (reprint author), UNIV COLOGNE,DEPT UROL,JOSEPH STELZMANN STR 9,D-50924 COLOGNE,GERMANY. NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 158 IS 2 BP 620 EP 625 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)64571-3 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XL143 UT WOS:A1997XL14300103 PM 9224380 ER PT J AU Jackson, MR Friedman, SA Carter, AJ Bayer, V Burge, JR MacPhee, MJ Drohan, WN Alving, BM AF Jackson, MR Friedman, SA Carter, AJ Bayer, V Burge, JR MacPhee, MJ Drohan, WN Alving, BM TI Hemostatic efficacy of a fibrin sealant-based topical agent in a femoral artery injury model: A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled study SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID CARDIAC OPERATIONS; CARDIOVASCULAR-SURGERY; BOVINE THROMBIN; FACTOR-V; GLUE; EXPERIENCE; HEMORRHAGE; ADHESIVE; TRIAL AB Purpose: The efficacy of currently available topical hemostatic agents requires the formation of fibrin generated from circulating blood. Fibrin sealant, which is prepared from high concentrations of thrombin and fibrinogen, has been used in liquid form to promote hemostasis during vascular surgery. In a blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled fashion, we evaluated a dry dressing of purified, viral-inactivated human fibrinogen and human thrombin in a large animal model of arterial injury. Methods: Dressings were prepared by application of a layer of lyophilized human fibrin sealant or immunoglobulin G (IgG, control) to a silicone backing material. Six anesthetized female Yorkshire pigs (16 to 27 kg) received bilateral, 4 mm longitudinal femoral arteriotomies after surgical exposure of the arteries. The arteriotomies were not closed. In each animal a fibrin sealant dressing was applied to one artery and a control dressing to the other. Each dressing was secured on the arteriotomy by a mechanical device, After application of the dressings, blood flow was restored to each limb for 1 hour. The compressive device was released for 5 seconds at intervals of 15 minutes to assess hemostasis. Blood flow was measured distal to each arteriotomy with a dual-channel flowmeter to adjust equal bilateral compression. Results: Blood loss (mean +/- SEM) was significantly less from the arteriotomy treated with the fibrin-based dressing compared with the control dressing (4.9 +/- 4.0 mi versus 82.3 +/- 11.1 ml; p = 0.0005). Complete hemostasis was achieved at the first 15-minute interval in five of six arteriotomies treated with fibrin sealant and in none of the six control arteriotomies during 1 hour of assessment (p = 0.03). Blood flow through each femoral artery at baseline was the same in both treatment and control arteries (fibrin sealant, 114.2 +/- 17.4 ml/min; control, 106.7 +/- 16.5 ml/min; p = 0.24) and was not significantly different throughout the experiment. Conclusions: Fibrin-based dressings provide effective hemostasis in a large animal model of arterial injury. Further development of these dressings will address optimal formulation and configuration for clinical use. Our results suggest that fibrin-based dressings will be effective in promotion of hemostasis in arterial bleeding, without compromising blood flow. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT SURG,BETHESDA,MD 20814. AMER RED CROSS,JEROME H HOLLAND LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD. RP Jackson, MR (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT HEMATOL & VASC BIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 26 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 5 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 26 IS 2 BP 274 EP 280 DI 10.1016/S0741-5214(97)70189-7 PG 7 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA XT824 UT WOS:A1997XT82400013 PM 9279315 ER PT J AU Winters, DR Harper, BG Resnick, IG AF Winters, DR Harper, BG Resnick, IG TI Automated procedure for estimation of blood cholinesterase activities in rabbits SO LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB An automated procedure for estimation of blood cholinesterase activities was evaluated and used to determine baseline cholinesterase activities in rabbits, In addition, the kinetics of cholinesterase inhibition and recovery from diazinon challenge were determined by use of this procedure, The procedure developed is a modification of the colorimetric Ellman technique, adapted for use with the Instrumentation Laboratory Multistat III Plus Centrifugal Analyzer, The substrate used in this technique was acetylthiocholine, Baseline cholinesterase activities in domestic rabbits were plasma cholinesterase, 360 mU/ml; red blood cell cholinesterase, 2,658 mU/ml; and whole blood cholinesterase, 1,332 mU/ml, Rabbits were challenged with 0.3 LD50 (40 mg/kg) of diazinon, and blood samples were obtained at hourly, then daily intervals, Cholinesterase activity in these samples was determined to monitor the effect of the cholinesterase inhibitor diazinon in vivo, as estimated by the Multistat III Plus Centrifugal Analyzer procedure, Plasma cholinesterase activity decreased to 4% within 6 h, whereas red blood cell cholinesterase activity decreased to 51%, By 10 days, plasma and red blood cell cholinesterase activities had returned to 100 and 91%, respectively, of pre-challenge activities. RP Winters, DR (reprint author), USA,W DESERT TEST CTR,DIV LIFE SCI,DUGWAY PROVING GROUND,DUGWAY PROVING GROUND,UT, USA. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CORDOVA PA 70 TIMBERCREEK DR, SUITE 5, CORDOVA, TN 38018 SN 0023-6764 J9 LAB ANIM SCI JI Lab. Anim. Sci. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 47 IS 4 BP 407 EP 410 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA XV005 UT WOS:A1997XV00500012 PM 9306315 ER PT J AU Tomaski, SM Mahoney, EM Burgess, LPA Raines, KB Bornemann, M AF Tomaski, SM Mahoney, EM Burgess, LPA Raines, KB Bornemann, M TI Sodium ipodate (Oragrafin) in the preoperative preparation of Graves' hyperthyroidism SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Western Section of the American-Laryngological-Rhinological-and-Otological-Society CY JAN 13-14, 1996 CL LOS ANGELES, CA SP Amer Laryngol Rhinol Otol Soc Inc, W Sect ID CHOLECYSTOGRAPHIC AGENTS; INHIBITION; DISEASE; PROPYLTHIOURACIL; PROPRANOLOL; THYROXINE; MANAGEMENT; SECRETION; BINDING; IODIDE AB Fourteen Graves' hyperthyroid patients who had been prepared for surgery with sodium ipodate (SI) 500 mg orally twice daily for 3 days were retrospectively studied. SI was administered in combination with propylthiouracil (10 cases) and beta blockers (all cases), which had been previously initiated, Free serum thyroxine (T4) and total triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were measured before and after SI therapy on the morning of surgery. SI treatment significantly reduced total T3 concentration from 445.9 to 193.4 ng/dL (P < 0.0001) and free T4 concentration from 3.874 to 2.800 ng/dL (P = 0.0003). Preoperatively, only one patient had persistent tachycardia, and intraoperatively this same patient required beta blockers. Blood loss was unremarkable or reduced (average blood loss, 121 mL). On clinical examination glands were firm with normal or somewhat decreased vascularity. On histologic study all glands demonstrated changes consistent with treated Graves' disease. Preoperative treatment with SI appears to be a safe and efficacious method of preparing hyperthyroid patients for surgery. C1 TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,ENDOCRINE SERV,HONOLULU,HI 96859. TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,HONOLULU,HI 96859. RP Tomaski, SM (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG SERV,1 JARRETT WHITE RD,HONOLULU,HI 96859, USA. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD AUG PY 1997 VL 107 IS 8 BP 1066 EP 1070 DI 10.1097/00005537-199708000-00012 PG 5 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA XQ523 UT WOS:A1997XQ52300012 PM 9261010 ER PT J AU Gross, RD Sheridan, MF Burgess, LP AF Gross, RD Sheridan, MF Burgess, LP TI Endoscopic sinus surgery complications in residency SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Western-Section of the American-Laryngological-Rhinological-and-Otological-Society CY JAN 10-12, 1997 CL TUCSON, AZ SP Amer Laryngol Rhinol & Otol Soc Inc, W Sect ID FOLLOW-UP AB Otolaryngology has seen a rapid proliferation of functional endoscopic sinus surgery, and there is variability in the teaching of the procedure, in part because of the seriousness of the complications. A retrospective review of 106 consecutive cases was conducted at a teaching program to evaluate complications. Complication rates were combined and compared with the reported complication rates of other teaching programs and practicing otolaryngologists. The complication rate in our program was 13.9%; all were minor complications. This compared favorably with the rates of other programs (6% to 29%). The combined complication rate for residency training programs (16.6%) was significantly greater than the nonresident complication rate (10.5%). When divided into major and minor complications, the resident minor complication rate (15.9%) was significantly greater than the nonresident rate (8%), yet the major complication rates were significantly less for the resident group (0.7%) than for the nonresident group (2.5%). In addition, complications were significantly greater when procedures were performed under general anesthesia as compared with local anesthesia, and estimated blood loss was significantly greater under general anesthesia. RP Gross, RD (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DIV OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG,MCHK,DSH,HONOLULU,HI 96859, USA. NR 15 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD AUG PY 1997 VL 107 IS 8 BP 1080 EP 1085 DI 10.1097/00005537-199708000-00014 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA XQ523 UT WOS:A1997XQ52300014 PM 9261012 ER PT J AU Barth, J AF Barth, J TI Asset protection for everyone: Secrets to legally safeguarding your hard-earned money, home & business - Frasier,BR SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Barth, J (reprint author), US MIL ACAD LIB,W POINT,NY, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 122 IS 13 BP 103 EP 103 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA XQ846 UT WOS:A1997XQ84600180 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI How few remain - Turtledove,H SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA,COMBINED ARMS RES LIB,FT LEAVENWORTH,KS, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 122 IS 13 BP 136 EP 136 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA XQ846 UT WOS:A1997XQ84600370 ER PT J AU Bruner, JP Bruner, TA Sarno, AP AF Bruner, JP Bruner, TA Sarno, AP TI Long-term intravenous tocolytic therapy SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PRETERM LABOR; RITODRINE; SULFATE AB Eighteen women required continuous intravenous tocolytic therapy with either ritodrine hydrochloride or magnesium sulfate for greater than 48 hours because of repetitively recurrent preterm labor; these were compared with a similar group of women successfully treated in less than 48 hours in a retrospective, case-controlled study. The mean gestational age at the time of diagnosis was 31 weeks for both groups. Tocolytic selection was similar in both groups, although the dosage per hour was significantly greater with long-term therapy. The mean interval from initiation of therapy until delivery was 41 days in the study group, compared with 39 days among controls (not statistically significant). The mean gestational age at delivery was 36 weeks in both groups. There were no significant differences in various measures of fetal outcome between groups. These data demonstrate that long-term intravenous tocolytic therapy can be a safe and effective means of prolonging gestation in those women who fail to respond to conventional treatment. RP Bruner, JP (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,DIV MATERNAL FETAL MED,HONOLULU,HI 96859, USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 162 IS 8 BP 555 EP 559 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XR495 UT WOS:A1997XR49500015 PM 9271909 ER PT J AU Johnson, NA AF Johnson, NA TI The history of the army weight standards SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; FAT; WOMEN; EQUATIONS; OBESITY; DENSITY; MEN AB Medical officers in the U.S. Army are tasked with screening, evaluating, and processing soldiers in accordance with AR 600-9, the Army's height and weight standards regulation. This essay traces the origins of the Army's weight standards to the present day. The Army's height and weight standards have varied markedly, from the crude subjective assessment of selective service candidates at the local draft examination boards at the turn of the century to the modern, highly accurate methods currently used in anthropomorphic research. The strictness of military recruitment and retention standards closely paralleled changing military personnel requirements in any particular era. Racial integration and the influx of women into the ranks had noteworthy effects on this history. The evolution of the Army's weight-control program and screening standards reflects advancements in medical knowledge and technology, societal and political pressure, and the empirical tests of world wars. RP Johnson, NA (reprint author), DWIGHT D EISENHOWER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT COMMUNITY & FAMILY MED,FT GORDON,GA 30905, USA. NR 53 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 162 IS 8 BP 564 EP 570 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XR495 UT WOS:A1997XR49500017 PM 9271911 ER PT J AU Henning, KS AF Henning, KS TI Acute dissecting aortic aneurysm in an operational environment SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Acute dissecting thoracic aortic aneurysm is a rare cause of chest pain in young adults. Patients require prompt surgical treatment to reduce the high risk of early mortality. This report describes the case of a young Army officer who developed a dissecting aortic aneurysm in Mogadishu, Somalia, during Operation Continue Hope, Moving the patient from an isolated hostile country to a location where definitive surgical treatment could be quickly performed presented a significant challenge. Military physicians who may be deployed to isolated locations should be familiar with this unusual cause of chest pain and be prepared to rapidly evacuate patients to facilities that can treat them. RP Henning, KS (reprint author), USA,MARTIN ARMY COMMUNITY HOSP,DEPT FAMILY PRACTICE,MEDDAC,FT BENNING,GA 31905, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 162 IS 8 BP 573 EP 574 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XR495 UT WOS:A1997XR49500019 PM 9271913 ER PT J AU Gaydos, JC Kelly, PW Erickson, RL AF Gaydos, JC Kelly, PW Erickson, RL TI Fathers of the adenovirus vaccines SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP Gaydos, JC (reprint author), USA,CTR HLTH PROMOT & PREVENT MED,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 162 IS 8 BP R3 EP R4 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XR495 UT WOS:A1997XR49500003 PM 9271897 ER PT J AU Apland, JP Helekar, SA Lebeda, FJ AF Apland, JP Helekar, SA Lebeda, FJ TI Suppression of drug-induced epileptiform discharges by cyclic AMP in rat hippocampus SO MOLECULAR AND CHEMICAL NEUROPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adenosine; anticonvulsant; bethanechol; brain slices; cyclic AMP; seizures; theophylline ID CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; ADENOSINE RECEPTORS; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; INVITRO; BRAIN; PHOSPHODIESTERASE; 5'-NUCLEOTIDASE; ANTICONVULSANT; NOREPINEPHRINE; ACCUMULATION AB The effect of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) on epileptiform activity in rat hippocampal slices was investigated. Bath-applied cAMP reversibly decreased the frequency of extracellularly recorded discharges in the CA3 subfield induced by bethanechol-or theophylline-containing solutions. Because cAMP was presumed to be relatively membrane impermeant, we developed and tested the hypothesis that this cAMP-mediated effect occurred extracellularly through the catabolic conversion of cAMP to 5'-AMP and, in turn, to adenosine, a known inhibitory neuromodulator. Three predictions derived from this catabolic hypothesis were tested. First, blockers of the enzymes involved were predicted to antagonize this effect of cAMP. in contrast, the coapplication of a cAMP-phosphodiesterase inhibitor, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), or a 5'-nucleotidase inhibitor, adenosine 5'-[alpha,beta-methylene] diphosphate (AMP-CP), enhanced the cAMP-induced suppressive effect. Second, the nonhydrolyzable cAMP analogs, dibutyryl-and 8-bromo-cAMP, were predicted to be ineffective. Low concentrations (5-40 mu M) of these two derivatives, however, also suppressed bethanechol-induced discharges, while, at a higher concentration (100 mu M), both analogs increased discharge frequencies. Third, enzymatic catabolism of adenosine was predicted to antagonize cAMP's effect, but coapplying adenosine deaminase (10 U/mL) did not diminish this action. Because these data did not support the catabolic hypothesis, other, as pet undefined, mechanisms must be responsible for the discharge-suppressant effect of cAMP. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,PROGRAM NEUROSCI,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,SECT NEUROPHYSIOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP Apland, JP (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,NEUROTOXICOL BRANCH,3100 RICKETTS POINT RD,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010, USA. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 1044-7393 J9 MOL CHEM NEUROPATHOL JI Mol. Chem. Neuropathol. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 31 IS 3 BP 265 EP 278 DI 10.1007/BF02815129 PG 14 WC Neurosciences; Pathology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology GA YA056 UT WOS:A1997YA05600005 PM 9336768 ER PT J AU Putnak, JR KanesaThasan, N Innis, BL AF Putnak, JR KanesaThasan, N Innis, BL TI A putative cellular receptor for dengue viruses SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material RP Putnak, JR (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,INST RES,DEPT VIRUS DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 10 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 3 IS 8 BP 828 EP 829 DI 10.1038/nm0897-828 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA XP014 UT WOS:A1997XP01400016 PM 9256265 ER PT J AU Malins, DC Polissar, NL Sy, YZ Gardner, HS Gunselman, SJ AF Malins, DC Polissar, NL Sy, YZ Gardner, HS Gunselman, SJ TI A new structural analysis of DNA using statistical models of infrared spectra SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AGENTS C1 MT WHISPER LIGHT STAT CONSULTING,SEATTLE,WA 98112. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT BIOSTAT,SEATTLE,WA 98195. USA,CTR ENVIRONM HLTH RES,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. COLORADO STATE UNIV,CTR ENVIRONM TOXICOL & TECHNOL,GEOCENTERS INC,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. RP Malins, DC (reprint author), PACIFIC NW RES FDN,MOL EPIDEMIOL PROGRAM,720 BROADWAY,SEATTLE,WA 98122, USA. NR 18 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 3 IS 8 BP 927 EP 930 DI 10.1038/nm0897-927 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA XP014 UT WOS:A1997XP01400039 PM 9256288 ER PT J AU Rudick, RA Goodkin, DE Jacobs, LD Cookfair, DL Herndon, RM Richert Jr Salazar, AM Fischer, JS Granger, CV Simon, JH Alam, JJ Simonian, NA Campion, MK Bartoszak, DM Bourdette, DN Braiman, J Brownscheidle, CM Coats, ME Cohan, SL Dougherty, DS Kinkel, RP Mass, MK Munschauer, FE Priore, RL Pullicino, PM Scherokman, BJ WeistockGuttman, B Whitham, RH AF Rudick, RA Goodkin, DE Jacobs, LD Cookfair, DL Herndon, RM Richert, JR Salazar, AM Fischer, JS Granger, CV Simon, JH Alam, JJ Simonian, NA Campion, MK Bartoszak, DM Bourdette, DN Braiman, J Brownscheidle, CM Coats, ME Cohan, SL Dougherty, DS Kinkel, RP Mass, MK Munschauer, FE Priore, RL Pullicino, PM Scherokman, BJ WeistockGuttman, B Whitham, RH TI Impact of interferon beta-1a on neurologic disability in relapsing multiple sclerosis SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NATURAL-HISTORY AB Background and Objective: A phase III double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial demonstrated that interferon beta-1a (IFN beta-1a) (Avonex, Biogen) significantly delayed progression of disability in relapsing MS patients. The primary clinical outcome was time from study entry until disability progression, defined as greater than or equal to 1.0 point worsening from baseline Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score persisting for at least two consecutive scheduled visits separated by 6 months. The objective of this study was to examine the magnitude of benefit on EDSS and its clinical significance. Methods: Post hoc analyses related to disability outcomes using data collected during the double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III clinical trial. Results: (1) Clinical efficacy related to disability did not depend on the definition of disability progression. A significant benefit iu favor of IFN beta-1a was observed when greater than or equal to 2.0 point worsening from baseline EDSS was required or when worsening was required to persist for greater than or equal to 1.0 year. (2) Placebo recipients who reached the primary clinical outcome worsened by a larger amount from baseline EDSS than did IFN beta-1a recipients who reached the primary study outcome. (3) Significantly fewer IFN beta-1a recipients progressed to EDSS milestones of 4.0 (relatively severe impairment) or 6.0 (unilateral assistance needed to walk). (4) Cox proportional hazards models demonstrated that the only baseline characteristic strongly correlated with longer time to disability progression was IFN beta-1a treatment. Conclusions: The primary clinical outcome for the IFN beta-1a clinical trial underestimated clinical benefits of treatment. Results in this report demonstrate that IFN beta-1a treatment is associated with robust, clinically important beneficial effects on disability progression in relapsing MS patients. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 USA. SUNY BUFFALO, BUFFALO, NY USA. GOOD SAMARITAN HOSP, PORTLAND, OR 97209 USA. GEORGETOWN UNIV, MED CTR, WASHINGTON, DC 20007 USA. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. UNIV COLORADO, HLTH SCI CTR, DENVER, CO USA. BIOGEN INC, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV, PORTLAND, OR 97201 USA. KAISER PERMANENTE MED CTR, SPRINGFIELD, VA USA. RP Rudick, RA (reprint author), CLEVELAND CLIN FDN, DEPT NEUROL, MELLEN CTR MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS TREATMENT & RES U10, 9500 EUCLID AVE, CLEVELAND, OH 44195 USA. FU PHS HHS [R01-26321] NR 14 TC 158 Z9 161 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD AUG PY 1997 VL 49 IS 2 BP 358 EP 363 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA XR937 UT WOS:A1997XR93700008 PM 9270562 ER PT J AU Lin, JC Ward, TP Belyea, DA McEvoy, P Kramer, KK AF Lin, JC Ward, TP Belyea, DA McEvoy, P Kramer, KK TI Treatment of Nocardia asteroides keratitis with polyhexamethylene biguanide SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of American-Academy-of-Ophthalmology CY OCT 29-NOV 02, 1995 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Acad Ophthalmol ID FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; ACANTHAMOEBA-KERATITIS; CORNEAL ULCER; TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ENDOPHTHALMITIS; SCLERITIS; BIOCIDE; BAQUACIL; PFLA AB Purpose: Polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) is a polymeric biguanide disinfectant that has been used previously in the treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis. The authors report the first case of Nocardia asteroides keratitis treated successfully with PHMB. Further studies documenting the efficacy of PHMB against N. asteroides in vitro also are presented, Methods: A soft contact lens wearer presented with an infectious keratitis. Cultures from the cornea grew N. asteroides. The infection resolved with the treatment with PHMB 0.02%, Serial dilutions of PHMB were performed against N. asteroides in culture. Results: In vitro dilution studies determined that the minimal inhibitory concentration for PHMB against the tested isolate of N. asteroides was 0.01%, This is a concentration that has been shown to be well tolerated by the cornea in vivo, Conclusions: Polyhexamethylene biguanide is effective against both Acanthamoeba and Nocardia and may have a wider range of usefulness than that currently recognized, Further testing, both in vitro and in vivo, is required. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Lin, JC (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,OPHTHALMOL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 54 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD AUG PY 1997 VL 104 IS 8 BP 1306 EP 1311 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA XP841 UT WOS:A1997XP84100025 PM 9261318 ER PT J AU Stoute, JA Krzych, U Ballou, WR AF Stoute, JA Krzych, U Ballou, WR TI Why does Plasmodium have a pre-erythrocytic cycle? A response SO PARASITOLOGY TODAY LA English DT Editorial Material ID FALCIPARUM SPOROZOITES; IMMUNITY; MALARIA RP Stoute, JA (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV COMUNICABLE DIS & IMMUNOL,DEPT IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0169-4758 J9 PARASITOL TODAY JI Parasitol. Today PD AUG PY 1997 VL 13 IS 8 BP 286 EP 287 DI 10.1016/S0169-4758(97)01103-4 PG 2 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA XL634 UT WOS:A1997XL63400003 ER PT J AU Bootman, JL Harrison, DL AF Bootman, JL Harrison, DL TI Pharmacoeconomics and therapeutic drug monitoring SO PHARMACY WORLD & SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ESCP 24th European Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy CY OCT 10-13, 1995 CL PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC DE pharmacoeconomic evaluation; cost-effective; cost-benefit; therapeutic drug monitoring ID COST-BENEFIT-ANALYSIS; CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETIC SERVICE; PHARMACEUTICAL SERVICES; IMPERFECT WORLD; MEDICATION USE; PUBLIC-POLICY; IMPACT; AMINOGLYCOSIDES; HOSPITALIZATION; RECOMMENDATIONS AB The ever increasing rate of inflation and the reality that resources for medical care are limited has led to significant changes in the reimbursement for health care services. These influences have convinced health care policy makers to closely evaluate innovative health services in terms of the benefits and costs. New pharmaceutical services must be economically justified in order to exist in the future. This is crucial to the expansion and adoption of pharmaceutical services. Application of economic evaluations is not new to the health care sector. Until recently, there were no incentive to transfer this interest into widespread use. As health care expenditures have escalated over the past two decades, the number of applications of these techniques has increased. Especially significant are cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness evaluations of medical practice, pharmaceuticals, and other health care technologies. Pharmacoeconomic analysis is an important tool to assist in the evaluation of new pharmaceutical services and technologies. Essentially, economic analytical methods are used to weigh the positive and negative consequences of alternative courses of action. The usefulness of pharmacoeconomic analyses is in resource allocation, with the purpose of achieving the highest return on investment or accomplishing a given objective in the least costly manner. Unfortunately, very few pharmacy programs have been evaluated using pharmacoeconomic techniques. The purpose of this article is to present various methods to assess the economic value of therapeutic drug monitoring services in society and for specific patient populations. Additionally, this article will review the previous attempts and various issues surrounding the economic justification of therapeutic drug monitoring. C1 USA,CLIN INVEST REGULATORY OFF,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. RP Bootman, JL (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,COLL PHARM,POB 210207,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 9 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-1231 J9 PHARM WORLD SCI JI Pharm. World Sci. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 19 IS 4 BP 178 EP 181 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA XW992 UT WOS:A1997XW99200003 PM 9297729 ER PT J AU Samson, BA Vorontsov, MA AF Samson, BA Vorontsov, MA TI Localized states in a nonlinear optical system with a binary-phase slice and a feedback mirror SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID PATTERN-FORMATION AB We consider spatiotemporal dynamics in an optical system containing a thin film of nonlinear medium having binary-type refractive nonlinear response and a feedback mirror. Steady-state output transverse patterns consist of a set of localized states, and strongly depend on the initial spatial phase modulation (seeded phase image). These steady-state solution properties can be used for nonlinear image processing and edge detection. System dynamics are studied both theoretically and through numerical simulation. C1 BYELARUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST PHYS,MINSK 220602,BYELARUS. NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. RP Samson, BA (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 24 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG PY 1997 VL 56 IS 2 BP 1621 EP 1626 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.56.1621 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA XQ618 UT WOS:A1997XQ61800076 ER PT J AU Jimenez, CE Caravalho, J Hwang, I AF Jimenez, CE Caravalho, J Hwang, I TI Insidious illness in active seniors - Decoding atypical presentations SO PHYSICIAN AND SPORTSMEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA; DIAGNOSIS; EXERCISE AB Older athletes and active seniors may have serious medical problems without commonly recognized signs and symptoms. The cases of art older tennis player, a golfer and a deep-sea sport fisherman illustrate unusual presentations of coronary artery disease, bacterial pneumonia, and peptic ulcer disease in senior patients. Alertness for the effects of coexisting illnesses, chronic use of medicines, reduced physiologic and immunologic reserves, altered pain perception, and symptom denial can facilitate prompt treatment of active senior patients. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,F EDWARD HEBERT SCH MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP Jimenez, CE (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,NUCL MED SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MCGRAW HILL HEALTHCARE PUBLICATIONS PI MINNEAPOLIS PA 4530 WEST 77TH ST, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55435-5000 SN 0091-3847 J9 PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED JI Physician Sportsmed. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 25 IS 8 BP 112 EP 116 PG 5 WC Primary Health Care; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA XQ351 UT WOS:A1997XQ35100015 PM 20086930 ER PT J AU Butcher, JD AF Butcher, JD TI A murmur in an asymptomatic athlete SO PHYSICIAN AND SPORTSMEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,AUGUSTA,GA. MED COLL GEORGIA,AUGUSTA,GA 30912. RP Butcher, JD (reprint author), DD EISENHOWER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT FAMILY PRACTICE,FT GORDON,GA 30905, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCGRAW HILL HEALTHCARE PUBLICATIONS PI MINNEAPOLIS PA 4530 WEST 77TH ST, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55435-5000 SN 0091-3847 J9 PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED JI Physician Sportsmed. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 25 IS 8 BP 135 EP 137 PG 3 WC Primary Health Care; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA XQ351 UT WOS:A1997XQ35100018 PM 20086933 ER PT J AU Smilanick, JL Hershberger, W Bonde, MR Nester, SE AF Smilanick, JL Hershberger, W Bonde, MR Nester, SE TI Germinability of teliospores of Tilletia indica after hot water and sodium hypochlorite treatments SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID KARNAL BUNT; WHEAT; DISEASE; SEED AB Hot water and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) were evaluated to eradicate teliospores of the Karnal bunt fungus, Tilletia indica for the purpose of decontaminating grain storage and handling equipment. The germinability of free teliospores and teliospores within the sori of infected wheat was assessed. Temperatures of 25, 60, and 80 degrees C, NaOCl concentrations (wt/vol, pH 11.5) of 0, 0.53, and 1.60%, and immersion periods of 1, 5, 15, and 30 min were evaluated. In other tests, the influence of pH on NaOCl potency and of a delay between treatment and water rinsing were evaluated. Immersion at 80 degrees C in water alone or with NaOCl killed both free teliospores and those within the sori of infected seeds within 1 min. NaOCI at 1.60% at 25 degrees C killed teliospores suspended in water within 15 min, but some teliospores inside sori survived 30 min of this treatment. NaOCI adjusted to pH 8 before use was superior to NaOCI at pH 11.5. An application of 1.60% NaOCl at 25 degrees C for 5 min followed by a 10-min delay before the seeds were rinsed in fresh water killed free teliospores but not all teliospores within sori. This treatment was more effective than the 5-min treatment alone but inferior to the 15-min treatment with NaOCI at a concentration of 1.60%. Because teliospores within the sori of infected seeds are partially protected and much more resistant to NaOCI, we recommend the removal and disposal of seeds from equipment before the treatments are applied. NaOCI radically altered the appearance of the teliospores, leaving a persistent visual indication that they had been treated, while hot water treatment alone did not. Therefore, it is beneficial to add NaOCI to hot water, although the improvement in the sporicidal efficacy was often small. C1 USDA ARS,KEARNEYSVILLE,WV 25430. USA,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. RP Smilanick, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS,2021 S PEACH AVE,FRESNO,CA 93727, USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 81 IS 8 BP 932 EP 935 DI 10.1094/PDIS.1997.81.8.932 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA XN287 UT WOS:A1997XN28700018 ER PT J AU Brar, GS Palazzo, AJ AF Brar, GS Palazzo, AJ TI Temperature and germination relationships of Festuca varieties SO PLANT VARIETIES AND SEEDS LA English DT Article ID GRASSES; TALL AB Many studies have shown that water potential at planting will affect the germination rate and final germination of Festuca varieties. Limited information is available about the extent of variability in temperature dependence of germination among different Festuca varieties, Our objective was to study germination at five temperatures for a wide range of Festuca varieties. Festuca seeds were screened For germination during 28 days in polyethylene growth pouches held at constant temperatures of 10 degrees, 15 degrees, 20 degrees, 25 degrees, or 30 degrees C. The germination percentage significantly (P<0.05) increased as the temperature increased from 10 degrees to 15 degrees C and decreased thereafter. The variety 'Clemfine' tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb) had the greatest germination percentage and 'Arctured' red fescue) Festuca rubra L.) had the least when averaged across the five temperatures, Conversely the average time to germination (A(tg)) was greatest at 10 degrees C and least at 30 degrees C. Reaching a germination level of 80% or move of the seeds required 14 d at 10 degrees C, 9 d at 15 degrees C, 8 d at 20 degrees C, and 7 d at 25 degrees C or 30 degrees C. Base temperatures required for germination of Festuca species were 3.2 degrees C for rapid germinators, 3.6 to 6 degrees C for medium germinators, and 4 to 6 degrees C for slow germinators, Heat units calculated for the vapid germinators were 129 degrees C d 120 to 140 degrees C d for medium germinators, avid 135 to 191 degrees C d for the slow germinators. Germination decreased as heat units increased. The A(tg) and heat units regressions explained 91% and 66% of the variations in germination, respectively, The optimum temperature for germination of Festuca varieties was 15 degrees C. Seeding time for some Festuca varieties could be varied based on expected seed zone temperatures for particular locations. Rapidity and total germination are the most obvious factors distinguishing Festuca varieties. This study demonstrates the variability in rate and extent of varieties germination in response to temperature. C1 USA CORP ENGINEERS,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,HANOVER,NH 03755. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU NATL INST AGRICULTURAL BOTANY PI CAMBRIDGE PA HUNTINGDON RD, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND CB3 0LE SN 0952-3863 J9 PLANT VAR SEEDS JI Plant Var. Seeds PD AUG PY 1997 VL 10 IS 2 BP 103 EP 111 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA XZ372 UT WOS:A1997XZ37200004 ER PT J AU Albaret, C Lacoutiere, S Ashman, WP Froment, D Fortier, PL AF Albaret, C Lacoutiere, S Ashman, WP Froment, D Fortier, PL TI Molecular mechanic study of nerve agent O-ethyl S-[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl]methylphosphonothioate(VX) bound to the active site of Torpedo californica acetylcholinesterase SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND GENETICS LA English DT Article DE serine esterase; enantiomeric inhibition; stochastic dynamics; ab initio calculations ID ALLOSTERIC MODULATION; ANIONIC SUBSITE; DYNAMICS; PROTEIN; BINDING; DETERMINANTS; SPECIFICITY; RECOGNITION; TRANSITION; INHIBITION AB Herein a molecular mechanic study of the interaction of a lethal chemical warfare agent, O-ethyl S-[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl]methylphosphonothioate (also called VX), with Torpedo californica acetylcholinesterase (TcAChE) is discussed, This compound inhibits the enzyme by phosphonylating the active site serine, The chirality of the phosphorus atom induces an enantiomeric inhibitory effect resulting in an enhanced anticholinesterasic activity of the S-P isomer (VXS) versus its R-P counterpart (VXR). As formation of the enzyme-inhibitor Michaelis complex is known to be a crucial step in the inhibitory pathway, this complex was addressed by stochastic boundary molecular dynamics and quantum mechanical calculations, For this purpose two models of interaction were analyzed: in the first, the leaving group of VX was oriented toward the anionic subsite of TcAChE, in a similar way as it has been suggested for the natural substrate acetylcholine; in the second, it was oriented toward the gorge entrance, placing the active site serine in a suitable position for a backside attack on the phosphorus atom, This last model was consistent with experimental data related to the high inhibitory effect of this compound and the difference in activity observed for the two enantiomers. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 CTR ETUD BOUCHET,DGA,F-91710 VERT LE PETIT,FRANCE. USA,ERDEC,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005. NR 48 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD AUG PY 1997 VL 28 IS 4 BP 543 EP 555 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0134(199708)28:4<543::AID-PROT8>3.0.CO;2-A PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA XP463 UT WOS:A1997XP46300008 PM 9261870 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Torrington, KG Parker, JM AF Shorr, AF Torrington, KG Parker, JM TI Serum angiotensin converting enzyme does not correlate with radiographic stage at initial diagnosis of sarcoidosis SO RESPIRATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACE AB Serum levels of angiotension converting enzyme (ACE) are elevated in many patients who suffer from sarcoidosis. Few studies have correlated ACE levels at diagnosis with the radiographic stage of the disease. The present authors reviewed the charts of all patients who had the diagnosis of sarcoidosis made between 1990 and 1995, and correlated ACE level at diagnosis with radiographic stage. Only patients with biopsy-proven sarcoid were included. One hundred and sixteen cases were identified, and complete data were available for 104 individuals. Serum ACE levels were increased in approximately 63.5% of the study population. The relationships between both stage and ACE level, and stage and percentage of individuals with elevated ACE levels within that stage were not statistically significant (P>0.05). This large, retrospective study of patients with histologic evidence of sarcoidosis demonstrated no association between serum ACE level and radiographic stage. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,PULM & CRIT CARE MED SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 9 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0954-6111 J9 RESP MED JI Respir. Med. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 91 IS 7 BP 399 EP 401 DI 10.1016/S0954-6111(97)90252-3 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System GA XM990 UT WOS:A1997XM99000003 PM 9327039 ER PT J AU Heidenreich, A Moul, JW Srivastava, S Engelmann, UH AF Heidenreich, A Moul, JW Srivastava, S Engelmann, UH TI Synchronous bilateral testicular tumour: Nonseminomatous germ cell tumours and contralateral benign tumours SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY AND NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE germ cell tumour; bilateral testis cancer; benign testis tumour; epidermoid cyst; leyomyoma testis; Leydig cell tumour; frozen section ID EPIDERMOID CYSTS; TESTIS AB Synchronous bilateral testicular germ cell tumours (TGCT) of different origin are very rare; the simultaneous appearance of a TGCT with a contralateral benign non-germ cell tumour represents an even more seldom event. We report on three patients with nonseminomatous TGCT and a contralateral benign testis tumour being Leydig cell tumour, leiomyoma and epidermopid cyst, respectively. Patients were treated by radical orchiectomy in one case and by enucleation resection of the tumour in two cases. After follow-up of more than 5 years all patients are NED; no local recurrence occurred in the patients treated by tumour enucleation with their endogenous testosterone production being maintained. Although very rare the simultaneous appearance of a malignant TGCT and a contralateral benign intratesticular mass should be considered with bilateral tumours. Frozen section examination of the tumours might enable an organ sparing approach in benign testis tumours thereby maintaining endogenous testosterone production and fertility. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,UROL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,UROL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIV COLOGNE,DEPT UROL,D-50924 COLOGNE,GERMANY. RP Heidenreich, A (reprint author), UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT SURG,4301 JONES BRIDGE RD,BETHESDA,MD 20877, USA. NR 15 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCANDINAVIAN UNIVERSITY PRESS PI OSLO PA PO BOX 2959 TOYEN, JOURNAL DIVISION CUSTOMER SERVICE, N-0608 OSLO, NORWAY SN 0036-5599 J9 SCAND J UROL NEPHROL JI Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 31 IS 4 BP 389 EP 392 DI 10.3109/00365599709030626 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XR737 UT WOS:A1997XR73700013 PM 9290172 ER PT J AU McGarrah, PD Teller, D AF McGarrah, PD Teller, D TI Posttraumatic cervical osteophytosis causing progressive dysphagia SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 89th Annual Scientific Assembly of the Southern-Medical-Association CY NOV 15-19, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP So Med Assoc, Sect Neurosurg, So Med Assoc, Sect Pathol, So Med Assoc, Sect Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg AB Dysphagia is a commonly encountered patient complaint. The differential diagnosis for dysphagia is extensive, One long-recognized etiology of dysphagia is cervical osteophytosis. Degenerative joint disease, ankylosing spondylosis, and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) can all cause cervical osteophyte formation. We describe a patient with dysphagia and a large cervical osteophyte, Our case illustrates cervical osteophytosis associated with a history of previous cervical spine trauma. Evaluation and management strategies are discussed. RP McGarrah, PD (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG SERV,3851 ROGER BROOKE DR,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 9 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 90 IS 8 BP 858 EP 860 DI 10.1097/00007611-199708000-00020 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XQ388 UT WOS:A1997XQ38800020 PM 9258320 ER PT J AU Martin, RR Byrne, M AF Martin, RR Byrne, M TI Postoperative care and complications of damage control surgery SO SURGICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ABDOMINAL-TRAUMA; PLANNED REOPERATION AB Successful outcome with damage control procedures requires aggressive management of metabolic derangements in the postoperative phase. immediate concerns are continued resuscitation, restoration of hemostasis, normothermia, correction of acidosis and coagulation disorders. Return to the operating room must be planned and complications anticipated, especially abdominal wound difficulties. Vigilance must be maintained to minimize missed injuries. RP Martin, RR (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78234, USA. NR 16 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0039-6109 J9 SURG CLIN N AM JI Surg. Clin.-North Am. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 77 IS 4 BP 929 EP & DI 10.1016/S0039-6109(05)70595-8 PG 15 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA XU149 UT WOS:A1997XU14900016 PM 9291992 ER PT J AU Holcomb, JB Pusateri, AE Hess, JR Hetz, SP Harris, RA Tock, BB Drohan, WN MacPhee, MJ AF Holcomb, JB Pusateri, AE Hess, JR Hetz, SP Harris, RA Tock, BB Drohan, WN MacPhee, MJ TI Implications of new dry fibrin sealant technology for trauma surgery SO SURGICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID GLUE; REOPERATION; INJURIES; REPAIR AB Rapid definitive hemorrhage control, both in the field and in the operating room, remains an elusive goal in trauma patient management. Methods to control hemorrhage have not changed for years. Dry Fibrin Sealant technology has progressed rapidly in the last several years, possibly allowing rapid definitive hemorrhage control. This article reviews the history, theory, and problems with the homemade mixtures currently in clinical use. Ln animal hemorrhage studies, Dry Fibrin Sealant products have preserved blood pressure and significantly reduced blood loss. Future applications of various delivery systems (dressing, foam, powder, liquid) also are discussed. C1 WILLIAM BEAUMONT ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,EL PASO,TX 79920. WILLIAM BEAUMONT ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,EL PASO,TX 79920. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,BLOOD RES DETACHMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. AMER RED CROSS,HOLLAND LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD. NR 35 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0039-6109 J9 SURG CLIN N AM JI Surg. Clin.-North Am. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 77 IS 4 BP 943 EP & DI 10.1016/S0039-6109(05)70596-X PG 11 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA XU149 UT WOS:A1997XU14900017 PM 9291993 ER PT J AU Rothwell, SW Calvert, VS AF Rothwell, SW Calvert, VS TI Activation of human platelets causes post-translational modifications to cytoplasmic dynein SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-PLATELETS; OKADAIC ACID; MICROTUBULES; PROTEIN; PHOSPHORYLATION; CYTOSKELETON; FIBRINOGEN; KINESIN; ACTIN; MOTOR AB In our studies of human platelets we have detected the presence of the molecular motors kinesin and dynein. Dynein is present at a concentration (0.8 mu g/g tissue) that is approximately 1/3 the concentration reported for neuronal tissue. Immunofluorescence microscopy of resting platelets shows that, while platelet microtubules are arranged in coiled hoops forming the marginal band in the cortical region of the platelet, dynein is distributed in a pattern of punctate staining throughout the cytoplasm of the platelets, Fractionation of unactivated platelets shows that dynein partitions to the soluble fraction. Stimulation of platelets with thrombin, ADP or epinephrine causes a partial translocation of dynein from the soluble fraction to the particulate fraction with thrombin being the most efficient agent at promoting this shift, Dynein intermediate chain recovered in the soluble fraction of disrupted platelets following activation displays a transient, time-dependent phosphorylation. In contrast, dynein intermediate chain recovered in the particulate fraction shows decreased phosphorylation. These results indicate that human platelets contain a complex microtubule-based system of motor proteins that is an integral part of the physiological changes occurring during platelet activation. RP Rothwell, SW (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT HEMATOL & VASC BIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 49242] NR 43 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 3 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 45, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 78 IS 2 BP 910 EP 918 PG 9 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA XQ021 UT WOS:A1997XQ02100024 PM 9268194 ER PT J AU Francis, BR DaSilva, NJ Seebart, C Silva, LLCE Schmidt, JJ Kaiser, II AF Francis, BR DaSilva, NJ Seebart, C Silva, LLCE Schmidt, JJ Kaiser, II TI Toxins isolated from the venom of the Brazilian coral snake (Micrurus frontalis frontalis) include hemorrhagic type phospholipases A(2) and postsynaptic neurotoxins SO TOXICON LA English DT Article ID NOTECHIS-SCUTATUS-SCUTATUS; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; SEPTIC SHOCK; MOLECULAR-CLONING; RECEPTOR; EXPRESSION; MECHANISMS; RAT AB Two sets of proteins have been purified from the venom of the Brazilian coral snake, Micrurus frontalis frontalis. One set has mol. wts, as shown by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), in the 8000-13,000 range and includes some proteins which are toxic to mice and others which are not. These proteins appear to be isoforms of postsynaptic toxins. The other set shows phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) activity and the toxic members of this set promote hemorrhage in mice in a manner closely resembling that produced by PLA(2)s isolated from the venom of the Australian tiger snake (Notechis scutatus scutatus). These PLA(2)s migrate on SDS-PAGE with apparent mol. wts in the 18,000-22,000 range which is characteristic of PLA(2)s that have an alpha-helix D similar to pancreatic PLA(2)s. Elapid venom PLA(2)s of the type which typically migrate on SDS-PAGE with mol. wts in the 13,000-16,000 range and do not have alpha-helix D have not been detected in M. F. frontalis venom. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV CATOLICA GOIAS,CTR ESTUD & PESQUISAS BIOL,BR-74605010 GOIANIA,GO,BRAZIL. INST BUTANTAN,LAB HERPETOL,BR-05504900 SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV TOXICOL,FREDERICK,MD 21702. RP Francis, BR (reprint author), UNIV WYOMING,DEPT MOL BIOL,LARAMIE,WY 82071, USA. NR 44 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD AUG PY 1997 VL 35 IS 8 BP 1193 EP 1203 DI 10.1016/S0041-0101(97)00031-7 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA XQ417 UT WOS:A1997XQ41700002 PM 9278969 ER PT J AU Alving, BM Reid, TJ Fratantoni, JC Finlayson, JS AF Alving, BM Reid, TJ Fratantoni, JC Finlayson, JS TI Frozen platelets and platelet substitutes in transfusion medicine SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Editorial Material ID EAR BLEEDING-TIME; ENHANCED SPECIFICITY; FACTOR XA; ACTIVATION; PSORALEN; STORAGE; LIGHT; THROMBOERYTHROCYTES; INACTIVATION C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,HEMATOL ONCOL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT HEMATOL & VASC BIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD. NR 33 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD AUG PY 1997 VL 37 IS 8 BP 866 EP 876 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1997.37897424413.x PG 11 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA XT165 UT WOS:A1997XT16500017 PM 9280335 ER PT J AU Carroll, RG Riley, JL Levine, BL Kaushal, S Bernstein, W StLouis, DC June, CH Berger, EA AF Carroll, RG Riley, JL Levine, BL Kaushal, S Bernstein, W StLouis, DC June, CH Berger, EA TI Control of HIV co-receptor expression: Implications for pathogenesis and treatment - Response SO TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CD28 C1 NIAID,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP Carroll, RG (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. RI Levine, Bruce/D-1688-2009 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0966-842X J9 TRENDS MICROBIOL JI Trends Microbiol. PD AUG PY 1997 VL 5 IS 8 BP 302 EP 303 DI 10.1016/S0966-842X(97)01093-7 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA XQ007 UT WOS:A1997XQ00700004 ER PT J AU Bauer, JJ Finger, MJ Heidenberg, HB Preston, DM Moses, FM Watson, RA Irby, PB AF Bauer, JJ Finger, MJ Heidenberg, HB Preston, DM Moses, FM Watson, RA Irby, PB TI Incidence of stool guaiac conversion following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article AB Objectives. To study, in a prospective fashion, acute traumatic effects on the gastrointestinal tract of patients treated by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Methods. Stool samples from each of 54 patients were tested before and after ESWL for conversion to hemoccult positive. A minimum of one negative pre-ESWL stool guaiac test was required for inclusion into the study. A minimum of two stool guaiac tests were done after ESWL to verify negativity. Patients who converted to a positive hemoccult test after ESWL were then evaluated by colonoscopy for the source of bleeding. Results. Fifty patients completed the study. A single patient (2.0%) converted to a positive post-ESWL hemoccult test and was evaluated with colonoscopy. This patient was found to have two benign adenomatous polyps in the sigmoid and descending colon after treatment for a left renal pelvis calculus. An additional patient with a slightly positive post-ESWL conversion refused further evaluation. The overall post-ESWL conversion rate to guaiac positive, therefore, was less than 4% (2 of 51 patients). Conclusions. There is no evidence of significant trauma or detectable bleeding in the normal gastrointestinal tract caused by ESWL as measured by postprocedure stool guaiac testing. Guaiac testing of the stool after ESWL may unmask pre-existing gastrointestinal disease. Therefore a positive guaiac test after ESWL warrants further evaluation. This study reaffirms that ESWL is a safe, minimally invasive technique for the treatment of urolithiasis, without significant adverse side effects on the gastrointestinal tract. (C) 1997, Elsevier Science Inc, All rights reserved. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,UROL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,GASTROENTEROL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. DEWITT ARMY COMMUNITY HOSP,DEPT SURG,UROL SERV,FT BELVOIR,VA. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD AUG PY 1997 VL 50 IS 2 BP 192 EP 194 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(97)00208-2 PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XP368 UT WOS:A1997XP36800006 PM 9255287 ER PT J AU Tarcza, KR Weldon, WF AF Tarcza, KR Weldon, WF TI Metal gouging at low relative sliding velocities SO WEAR LA English DT Article DE gouging; hypervelocity; high velocity sliding contact; railguns; racket sleds; tribology AB Surface gouging by metals in high-velocity sliding contact has been observed for more than thirty years in engineering applications involving rocket sleds, two-stage gas guns and electromagnetic railguns. The onset of gouging is usually observed to occur at sliding velocities in excess of 1000 m s(-1). Previous investigations of the phenomenon have indicated that the gouging onset velocity is proportional to the yield strength and hardness of the materials involved. In this research, data from reported instances of gouging are used to develop a graphical, linear correlation between gouging onset velocity and yield strength of the sliding material. This correlation is extrapolated into a velocity regime below that in which gouging is usually observed and then serves as the basis for an experiment intended to produce gouges. In the experiment, incipient gouges are produced on lead sheets at sliding velocities as low as 245 m s(-1), well below those at which gouging had previously been reported and in a material never-before reported to have gouged, confirming the validity of the extrapolation. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 UNIV TEXAS,DEPT MECH ENGN,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP Tarcza, KR (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,DEPT CIVIL ENGN & MECH,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD AUG PY 1997 VL 209 IS 1-2 BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1016/S0043-1648(97)00003-3 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA XR002 UT WOS:A1997XR00200004 ER PT J AU Heim, PJS Fan, ZF Cho, SH Nam, K Dagenais, M Johnson, FG Leavitt, R AF Heim, PJS Fan, ZF Cho, SH Nam, K Dagenais, M Johnson, FG Leavitt, R TI Single-angled-facet laser diode for widely tunable external cavity semiconductor lasers with high spectral purity SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE semiconductor junction lasers; external cavity lasers ID WAVE-GUIDE AB External cavity semiconductor lasers are demonstrated using a single-angled-facet semiconductor laser diode that does not require anti-reflection coating. A wide tuning bandwidth (7%, lambda = 980nm), large side-mode suppression ratio (50dB, lambda = 1590nm), narrow linewidth (50rHz), and high output power (13.5mW) are achieved with conventional external cavity configurations. C1 LAB PHYS SCI,COLLEGE PK,MD 20740. ARMY RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783. RP Heim, PJS (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 9 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD, ENGLAND SG1 2AY SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 33 IS 16 BP 1387 EP 1389 DI 10.1049/el:19970911 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA XQ197 UT WOS:A1997XQ19700028 ER PT J AU Bhat, KR Benton, BJ Rosenthal, DS Smulson, ME Ray, R AF Bhat, KR Benton, BJ Rosenthal, DS Smulson, ME Ray, R TI The role of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in DNA repair in sulfur mustard exposed normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Lincoln Univ, Lincoln Univ, PA 19352 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 9 SU S MA 1959 BP A1192 EP A1192 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ZK302 UT WOS:000073305602446 ER PT J AU Boyle, T Neill, RJ Ionin, B Welch, C Jett, M AF Boyle, T Neill, RJ Ionin, B Welch, C Jett, M TI Effect of amino acid substitution mutations in SEB upon SEB induction of CD69 expression. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 9 SU S MA 2787 BP A1334 EP A1334 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ZK302 UT WOS:000073305603275 ER PT J AU Broomfield, CA Mills, KV Mejer, BM Lockridge, O Millard, CB AF Broomfield, CA Mills, KV Mejer, BM Lockridge, O Millard, CB TI Reaction of human butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE) His-117 enzymes with carbamates. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Eppley Inst Res Canc, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 9 SU S MA 982 BP A1026 EP A1026 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ZK302 UT WOS:000073305601468 ER PT J AU Chiang, PK Ellis, WY Gordon, RK Scovill, JP Kyle, DE AF Chiang, PK Ellis, WY Gordon, RK Scovill, JP Kyle, DE TI Nucleoside inhibitors of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase as antimalarial compounds SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 9 SU S MA 2438 BP A1273 EP A1273 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ZK302 UT WOS:000073305602925 ER PT J AU Das, R Kodsi, N Jett, M AF Das, R Kodsi, N Jett, M TI Cross talk between the MAP kinase and arachidonic acid pathways in signaling by IGF-1 in breast cancer cells SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mol Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 9 SU S MA 2852 BP A1345 EP A1345 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ZK302 UT WOS:000073305603337 ER PT J AU Garcia, GE Wirtz, RA Rosenberg, R AF Garcia, GE Wirtz, RA Rosenberg, R TI Plasmodium gamete activation factor (GAF): isolation and characterization from the mosquito SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem & Comm Dis & Immun, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 9 SU S MA 3413 BP A1440 EP A1440 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ZK302 UT WOS:000073305603899 ER PT J AU Gordon, RK Weitz, JA Dave, JR Doctor, BP Ved, HS AF Gordon, RK Weitz, JA Dave, JR Doctor, BP Ved, HS TI Huperzine-A (HUP-A) interacts with the NMDA receptor ion channel. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 9 SU S MA 268 BP A903 EP A903 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ZK302 UT WOS:000073305600753 ER PT J AU Herron, PC Hua, DH Chen, Y Chiang, PK Gordon, RK AF Herron, PC Hua, DH Chen, Y Chiang, PK Gordon, RK TI Novel tricyclic pyrones possess antimuscarinic but not antinicotinic activity. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 9 SU S MA 267 BP A903 EP A903 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ZK302 UT WOS:000073305600755 ER PT J AU Martens, ME AF Martens, ME TI Effect of sulfur mustard on oxidative metabolism in cultured human epidermal keratinocytes SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 9 SU S MA 573 BP A954 EP A954 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ZK302 UT WOS:000073305601060 ER PT J AU McKey, V Neill, RJ Jett, M AF McKey, V Neill, RJ Jett, M TI Bacterial toxins alter platelet function in a model of lethal shock SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 9 SU S MA 3403 BP A1438 EP A1438 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ZK302 UT WOS:000073305603888 ER PT J AU Ray, P Ali, ST AF Ray, P Ali, ST TI Characterization of mustard-stimulated protease SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 9 SU S MA 2163 BP A1227 EP A1227 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ZK302 UT WOS:000073305602652 ER PT J AU Saxena, A Ashani, Y Raveh, L Doctor, BP AF Saxena, A Ashani, Y Raveh, L Doctor, BP TI Functional characterization of glycan structures in cholinesterases. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Israel Inst Biol Res, IL-70450 Ness Ziona, Israel. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 9 SU S MA 2289 BP A1248 EP A1248 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ZK302 UT WOS:000073305602777 ER PT J AU Tolnay, M Lambris, JD Tsokos, GC AF Tolnay, M Lambris, JD Tsokos, GC TI An inducible heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein which functions as a DNA-binding transactivator. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 9 SU S MA 508 BP A943 EP A943 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ZK302 UT WOS:000073305600995 ER PT J AU Ulrich, RG AF Ulrich, RG TI Redesigning bacterial superantigen mimics of the T cell CD4 receptor SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 9 SU S MA M36 BP A836 EP A836 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ZK302 UT WOS:000073305600382 ER PT J AU Weitz, JA Frazier, SD Herron, PC Lenavitt, JA Gordon, RK Saxena, A Doctor, BP AF Weitz, JA Frazier, SD Herron, PC Lenavitt, JA Gordon, RK Saxena, A Doctor, BP TI Effect of pyridostigmine bromide (PB), DEET, and permethrin on cholinesterases (CK) and cholinergic receptors. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 9 SU S MA 345 BP A916 EP A916 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ZK302 UT WOS:000073305600830 ER PT J AU Yan, ZY Yang, DCH Jett, M AF Yan, ZY Yang, DCH Jett, M TI Cholera toxin induces TNF-alpha production by human monocytes via cAMP independent pathways SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC 20057 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 9 SU S MA 2746 BP A1327 EP A1327 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ZK302 UT WOS:000073305603232 ER PT J AU Rolfs, RT Joesoef, R Hendershot, EF Rompalo, AM Augenbraun, MH Chiu, M Bolan, G Johnson, SC French, P Steen, E Radolf, JD Larsen, S AF Rolfs, RT Joesoef, R Hendershot, EF Rompalo, AM Augenbraun, MH Chiu, M Bolan, G Johnson, SC French, P Steen, E Radolf, JD Larsen, S TI A randomized trial of enhanced therapy for early syphilis in patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; TREPONEMA-PALLIDUM; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; HIV-INFECTION; SECONDARY SYPHILIS; MEMBRANE IMMUNOGEN; PENICILLIN LEVELS; LATENT SYPHILIS; NEUROSYPHILIS; AIDS AB Background Reports of neurosyphilis and invasion of cerebrospinal fluid by Treponema pallidum in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have led to doubts about the adequacy of the recommended penicillin G benzathine therapy for early syphilis. Methods In a multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial, we assessed two treatments for early syphilis: 2.4 million units of penicillin G benzathine and that therapy enhanced with a 10-day course of amoxicillin and probenecid. The serologic and clinical responses of patients with and without HIV infection were studied during one year of follow-up. Results From 1991 through 1994, 541 patients were enrolled, including 101 patients (19 percent) who had HIV infection but differed little from the uninfected patients in their clinical presentations. The rates at which chancres and rashes resolved did not differ significantly according to treatment assignment or HIV status. Serologically defined treatment failures were more common among the HIV-infected patients. The single clinically defined treatment failure was in an HIV-infected patient. Rates of serologically defined treatment failure did not differ according to treatment group (18 percent at six months with usual therapy; 17 percent with enhanced therapy). T. pallidum was found at enrollment in the cerebrospinal fluid of 32 of 131 patients (24 percent) and after therapy in 7 of 35 patients tested. None had clinically evident neurosyphilis, and the rate of detection of T. pallidum did not differ according to HIV status. Conclusions After treatment for primary or secondary syphilis, the HIV-infected patients responded less well serologically than the patients without HIV infection, but clinically defined failure was uncommon in both groups. Enhanced treatment with amoxicillin and probenecid did not improve the outcomes. Although T. pallidum was detected in cerebrospinal fluid before therapy in a quarter of the patients tested, such a finding did not predict treatment failure. The current recommendations for treating early syphilis appear adequate for most patients, whether or not they have HIV infection. (C) 1997, Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT, DIV STD LAB RES, NATL CTR INFECT DIS, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA. BALTIMORE HLTH DEPT, BALTIMORE, MD USA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, MED CTR, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. SUNY HLTH SCI CTR, BROOKLYN, NY 11203 USA. UNIV TEXAS, SW MED CTR, DALLAS, TX USA. SAN FRANCISCO DEPT PUBL HLTH, SAN FRANCISCO, CA USA. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. NATL NAVAL MED CTR, PULM DIS SECT, BETHESDA, MD 20889 USA. MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV, PHILADELPHIA, PA USA. PHILADELPHIA DEPT PUBL HLTH, PHILADELPHIA, PA USA. RP Rolfs, RT (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT, COMMUN OFF, DIV STD PREVENT, NATL CTR HIV STD & TB PREVENT, MAILSTOP E-06, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA. NR 55 TC 260 Z9 274 U1 0 U2 5 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 31 PY 1997 VL 337 IS 5 BP 307 EP 314 DI 10.1056/NEJM199707313370504 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XN119 UT WOS:A1997XN11900004 PM 9235493 ER PT J AU Chao, LL Cargill, GS Levy, M Osgood, RM McLane, GF AF Chao, LL Cargill, GS Levy, M Osgood, RM McLane, GF TI Cathodoluminescence study of GaAs quantum wells and of submicron dots fabricated by magnetron reactive ion etching (vol 70, pg 408, 1997) SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Correction, Addition C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,COLUMBIA RADIAT LAB,NEW YORK,NY 10027. USA,RES LAB,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703. RP Chao, LL (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT CHEM ENGN MAT SCI & MIN ENGN,NEW YORK,NY 10027, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 28 PY 1997 VL 71 IS 4 BP 558 EP 558 DI 10.1063/1.120559 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XM733 UT WOS:A1997XM73300046 ER PT J AU Welsh, JP Koenig, GG Bruce, D AF Welsh, JP Koenig, GG Bruce, D TI Screening design for model sensitivity studies SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article AB This paper describes a different approach to sensitivity studies for environmental, including atmospheric, physics models. The sensitivity studies were performed on a multispectral environmental data and scene generation capability The capability includes environmental physics models that are used to generate data and scenes for simulation of environmental materials, features, and conditions, such as trees, clouds, soils, and snow. These studies were performed because it is difficult to obtain input data for many of the environmental variables. The problem to solve is to determine which of the 100 or so input variables, used by the generation capability, are the most important. These sensitivity studies focused on the generation capabilities needed to predict and evaluate the performance of sensor systems operating in the infrared portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The sensitivity study approach described uses a screening design. Screening designs are analytical techniques that use a fraction of all of the combinations of the potential input variables and conditions to determine which are the most important. Specifically a 20-run Plackett-Burman screening design was used to study the sensitivity of eight data and scene generation capability computed response variables to 11 selected input variables. This is a two-level design, meaning that the range of conditions is represented by two different values for each of the 11 selected variables. The eight response variables used were maximum, minimum, range, and mode of the model-generated temperature and radiance values. The result is that six of the 11 input variables (soil moisture, solar loading, roughness length, relative humidity, surface albedo, and surface emissivity) had a statistically significant effect on the response variables. C1 BATTLEFIELD ENVIRONM DIRECTORATE, ATMOSPHER RES LAB, WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE, NM 88002 USA. RP USA, COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB, 72 LYME RD, HANOVER, NH 03755 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUL 27 PY 1997 VL 102 IS D14 BP 16499 EP 16505 DI 10.1029/97JD00647 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XN384 UT WOS:A1997XN38400008 ER PT J AU Elsayed, NM AF Elsayed, NM TI Toxicology of blast over-pressure SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Molecular Mechanism(s) of Blast Overpressure-Induced Injury CY OCT 26, 1995 CL WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, WASHINGTON, DC HO WALTER REED ARMY INST RES DE blast overpressure; high energy impulse noise; lung injury; oxidative stress; free radicals ID TERRORIST BOMBINGS; RAT LUNG; INJURIES; REPERFUSION; EXPLOSION; ISCHEMIA; OXYGEN AB Blast overpressure (BOP) or high energy impulse noise, is the sharp instantaneous rise in ambient atmospheric pressure resulting from explosive detonation or firing of weapons. Blasts that were once confined to military and to a lesser extent, occupational settings, are becoming more universal as the civilian population is now increasingly at risk of exposure to BOP from terrorist bombings that are occurring worldwide with greater frequency. Exposure to incident BOP waves can cause auditory and non-auditory damage. The primary targets for BOP damage are the hollow organs, ear, lung and gastrointestinal tract. In addition, solid organs such as heart, spleen and brain can also be injured upon exposure. However, the lung is more sensitive to damage and its injury can lead to death. The pathophysiological responses, and mortality have been extensively studied, but little attention, was given to the biochemical manifestations, and molecular mechanism(s) of injury. The injury from BOP has been, generally, attributed to its external physical impact on the body causing internal mechanical damage. However, a new hypothesis has been proposed based on experiments conducted in the Department of Respiratory Research, Waiter Reed Army Institute of Research, and later in the Department of Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh. This hypothesis suggests that subtle biochemical changes namely, free radical-mediated oxidative stress occur and contribute to BOP-induced injury. Understanding the etiology of these changes may shed new light on the molecular mechanism(s) of injury, and can potentially offer new strategies for treatment. In this symposium, BOP research involving auditory, non-auditory, physiological, pathological behavioral, and biochemical manifestations as well as predictive modeling and current treatment modalities of BOP-induced injury are discussed. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT ENVIRONM & OCCUPAT HLTH SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Elsayed, NM (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV MED,DEPT RESP RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 77 TC 73 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUL 25 PY 1997 VL 121 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(97)03651-2 PG 15 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA XG756 UT WOS:A1997XG75600001 PM 9217311 ER PT J AU Mayorga, MA AF Mayorga, MA TI The pathology of primary blast overpressure injury SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Molecular Mechanism(s) of Blast Overpressure-Induced Injury CY OCT 26, 1995 CL WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, WASHINGTON, DC HO WALTER REED ARMY INST RES DE blast overpressure; primary blast injury; pathology; histology; lung; heart; gastrointestinal tract; brain ID CHEST AB Primary blast injury occurs in civilian and military detonations and from the firing of weapon systems. The pathology of primary blast injury has been reported for the last 70 years and has primarily been limited to descriptions of gross pathology and histology. Commonly accepted tenets have not been confirmed as blast overpressure experiments in enclosures and with multiple detonations have been conducted. Organ systems other than the ear and the lung are playing a greater role in injury definition and research importance. This paper is an overview and update of the current understanding of the pathology of primary blast injury. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. RP Mayorga, MA (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV MED,DEPT RESP RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 42 TC 137 Z9 144 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUL 25 PY 1997 VL 121 IS 1 BP 17 EP 28 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(97)03652-4 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA XG756 UT WOS:A1997XG75600002 PM 9217312 ER PT J AU Patterson, JH Hamernik, RP AF Patterson, JH Hamernik, RP TI Blast overpressure induced structural and functional changes in the auditory system SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Molecular Mechanism(s) of Blast Overpressure-Induced Injury CY OCT 26, 1995 CL WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, WASHINGTON, DC HO WALTER REED ARMY INST RES DE blast overpressure; hearing loss; auditory injury; histology; audiometry ID SENSORY CELL LOSS; COCHLEAR PATHOLOGY; HEARING; CHINCHILLA; DAMAGE; NOISE AB Blast overpressure of sufficient intensity can produce injury to various organ systems. Unprotected ears result in the auditory system being the most susceptible. The injuries to the auditory system include: rupture of the tympanic membrane, dislocation or fracture of the ossicular chain, and damage to the sensory structures on the basilar membrane. All these injuries can be characterized as a form of mechanical damage to the affected structure. Injury to the sensory structures on the basilar membrane leads to temporary and permanent loss of hearing sensitivity. The temporary component of the hearing loss shows a time course after removal from the noise which frequently will include an initial increase in hearing loss followed by a recovery period during which threshold may return to preexposure levels or stabilize at a higher level which represents a permanent loss of hearing sensitivity. This type of recovery function suggests that there are damage processes which continue after the traumatic event and that intervention might mitigate some of the damage and hearing loss. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 SUNY COLL PLATTSBURGH,PLATTSBURGH,NY 12901. RP Patterson, JH (reprint author), USA,AEROMED RES LAB,POB 620577,FT RUCKER,AL 36362, USA. NR 10 TC 35 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUL 25 PY 1997 VL 121 IS 1 BP 29 EP 40 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(97)03653-6 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA XG756 UT WOS:A1997XG75600003 PM 9217313 ER PT J AU Petras, JM Bauman, RA Elsayed, NM AF Petras, JM Bauman, RA Elsayed, NM TI Visual system degeneration induced by blast overpressure SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Molecular Mechanism(s) of Blast Overpressure-Induced Injury CY OCT 26, 1995 CL WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, WASHINGTON, DC HO WALTER REED ARMY INST RES DE brain injury; visual; axonopathy; blast overpressure; rats ID SUPERIOR COLLICULUS; INJURIES; NUCLEUS; MAMMALS; EAR AB The effect of blast overpressure on visual system pathology was studied in 14 male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 360-432 g. Blast overpressure was simulated using a compressed-air driven shock tube, with the aim of studying a range of overpressures causing sublethal injury. Neither control (unexposed) rats nor rats exposed to 83 kiloPascals (kPa) overpressure showed evidence of visual system pathology. Neurological injury to brain visual pathways was observed in male rats surviving blast overpressure exposures of 104-110 kPa and 129-173 kPa. Optic nerve fiber degeneration was ipsilateral to the blast pressure wave. The optic chiasm contained small numbers of degenerated fibers. Optic tract fiber degeneration was present bilaterally, but was predominantly ipsilateral. Optic tract fiber degeneration was followed to nuclear groups at the level of the midbrain, midbrain-diencephalic junction, and the thalamus where degenerated fibers arborized among the neurons of: (i) the superior colliculus, (ii) pretectal region, and (iii) the lateral geniculate body. The superior colliculus contained fiber degeneration localized principally to two superficial layers (i) the stratum opticum (layer III) and (ii) stratum cinereum (layer II). The pretectal area contained degenerated fibers which were widespread in (i) the nucleus of the optic tract, (ii) olivary pretectal nucleus, (iii) anterior pretectal nucleus, and (iv) the posterior pretectal nucleus. Degenerated fibers in the lateral geniculate body were not universally distributed. They appeared to arborize among neurons of the dorsal and ventral nuclei: the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (parvocellular and magnocellular parts); and the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. The axonopathy observed in the central visual pathways and nuclei of the rat brain are consistent with the presence of blast overpressure induced injury to the retina. The orbital cavities of the human skull contain frontally-directed eyeballs for binocular vision. Humans looking directly into an oncoming blast wave place both eyes at risk. With bilateral visual system injury, neurological deficits may include loss or impairments of ocular movements, and of the pupillary and accommodation reflexes, retinal hemorrhages, scotomas, and general blindness. These findings suggest that the retina should be investigated for the presence of traumatic or ischemic cellular injury, hemorrhages, scotomas, and retinal detachment. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV MED,DEPT RESP RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT ENVIRONM & OCCUPAT HLTH SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Petras, JM (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV NEUROSCI,DEPT NEUROBEHAV ASSESSMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 56 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUL 25 PY 1997 VL 121 IS 1 BP 41 EP 49 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(97)03654-8 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA XG756 UT WOS:A1997XG75600004 PM 9217314 ER PT J AU Januszkiewicz, AJ Mundie, TG Dodd, KT AF Januszkiewicz, AJ Mundie, TG Dodd, KT TI Maximal exercise performance-impairing effects of simulated blast overpressure in sheep SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Molecular Mechanism(s) of Blast Overpressure-Induced Injury CY OCT 26, 1995 CL WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, WASHINGTON, DC HO WALTER REED ARMY INST RES DE sheep; blast overpressure; lung injury; exercise performance ID OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; INCREMENTAL EXERCISE; TERRORIST BOMBINGS; INJURIES; EXPLOSION; CHEST AB Lung contusion has been identified as a primary blast injury. These experiments addressed a fundamental and overt endpoint of primary blast injury, incapacitation (performance decrement). Respiration, hemodynamics, and blood gases were measured in sheep undergoing incremental exercise challenge before and 1 h after simulated blast exposure of the thorax. Pathologic examination of lung tissue was performed after exposure and exercise testing. Blast overpressure was simulated in the laboratory using a compressed air-driven shock tube. Three levels of lung injury (Levels 1-3,'Trivial', 'Slight', and 'Moderate' injury, respectively) were examined for effects on maximal oxygen consumption ((V) over dot O-2max), an index of cardiorespiratory fitness. Resting hemodynamics and blood gases were relatively normal an hour after exposure, immediately before exercise. However, Levels 1-3 lung injury were associated with average 4.8, 29.9 and 49.3% (V) over dot O-2max decreases, respectively. These performance decrements for Levels 2 and 3 were significantly different from respective controls (non-exposed). Exercise caused significant hemoconcentration in sheep under control conditions, before exposure (resting 9.5 +/- 0.9, end-exercise 11.8 +/- 0.9 g/100 mi). Blast exposure resulted in average decreases of 4.9 +/- 3.4, 12.8 +/- 4.0, and 12.6 +/- 3.3% in exercise-induced hemoconcentration for Levels 1-3 injury, respectively. Normal exercise-induced hemodynamic increases were also attenuated after exposure. Levels 2 and 3 injury resulted in average 22.6 +/- 2.9 and 18.5 +/- 11.2% stroke volume decreases, and also 22.3 +/- 8,4 and 29.0 +/- 14.2% cardiac output decreases, respectively, during exercise. While blast lung pathology and pulmonary function changes could account for post-blast performance decrements, these experiments suggest that in sheep, early after exposure, diminished hemoconcentration and cardiac disfunction may also contribute to decreased exercise performance. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. RP Januszkiewicz, AJ (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT RESP RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 49 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUL 25 PY 1997 VL 121 IS 1 BP 51 EP 63 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(97)03655-X PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA XG756 UT WOS:A1997XG75600005 PM 9217315 ER PT J AU Bauman, RA Elsayed, N Petras, JM Widholm, J AF Bauman, RA Elsayed, N Petras, JM Widholm, J TI Exposure to sublethal blast overpressure reduces the food intake and exercise performance of rats SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Molecular Mechanism(s) of Blast Overpressure-Induced Injury CY OCT 26, 1995 CL WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, WASHINGTON, DC HO WALTER REED ARMY INST RES DE blast overpressure; neuropathology; feeding; exercise; rats ID TERRORIST AB Exposure to blast overpressure can typically inflict generalized damage on major organ systems, especially gas-containing organs such as the lungs and the gastrointestinal tract. The purpose of the present study was to use rat's food intake and exercise wheel running as behavioral correlates of the perhaps more subtle damage to these organ systems induced by sublethal blast overpressure. Toward this end, all rats were exposed to a 12-h light/dark cycle and food was available only in the dark period. Prior to exposure, rats in the (E)xercise group were required to execute five rotations of an activity wheel for a food pellet; wheel turns that occurred at times other than when a rat was feeding were recorded separately and labeled exercise running. In the (S)edentary and (A)nesthesia groups, wheel running was not possible and rats were required to execute five leverpresses for a single pellet. A compressed air-driven shock tube was used to expose rats to a supra-atmospheric wave of air pressure. The tube was separated into two sections by a polyester membrane, the thickness of which determined peak and duration of overpressure. All rats were anesthetized with 50 mg/kg of phenobarbital. After reaching a deep plane of anesthesia, they were individually tied in a stockinet across one end of the shock tube. In preliminary tests, the membrane thickness was 1000 (Angstrom)ngstroms and rats in Group L(ethality) were exposed to a 129 kPa (peak amplitude) wave of overpressure. Three of six rats survived exposure to this peak pressure; pathology was evident in the lungs and gastrointestinal tract of all non-survivors. Rats in Groups E and S were tested with a 500 Angstrom membrane, which resulted in an 83 kPa peak amplitude. All rats survived exposure to this lower peak pressure. On the day of exposure to blast, the relative reduction of intake during the first 3 h of the dark period was significantly greater for Group E than for Groups S and A; the intake of Groups E and S remained reduced for four additional recovery days. Bodyweight was not significantly affected. Exercise wheel running also was reduced significantly on the day of exposure and during subsequent recovery days. These preliminary findings suggest that exposure to sublethal blast overpressure can reduce food consumption and exercise performance, perhaps as a consequence of damage to the gastrointestinal tract and lungs. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV MED,DEPT RESP RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Bauman, RA (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV NEUROSCI,DEPT NEUROBEHAV ASSESSMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 38 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUL 25 PY 1997 VL 121 IS 1 BP 65 EP 79 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(97)03656-1 PG 15 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA XG756 UT WOS:A1997XG75600006 PM 9217316 ER PT J AU Elsayed, NM Gorbunov, NV Kagan, VE AF Elsayed, NM Gorbunov, NV Kagan, VE TI A proposed biochemical mechanism involving hemoglobin for blast overpressure-induced injury SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Molecular Mechanism(s) of Blast Overpressure-Induced Injury CY OCT 26, 1995 CL WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, WASHINGTON, DC HO WALTER REED ARMY INST RES DE blast overpressure; high energy impulse noise; hemoglobin-induced injury; lipid peroxidation; antioxidant depletion; prooxidants; methemoglobin; oxoferryl hemoglobin ID FREE-RADICALS; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; OXYGEN; TISSUE; MITOCHONDRIA; DISEASE AB Blast overpressure (BOP) is the abrupt, rapid, rise in atmospheric pressure resulting from explosive detonation, firing of large-caliber weapons, and accidental occupational explosions. Exposure to incident BOP waves causes internal injuries, mostly to the hollow organs, particularly the ears, lungs and gastrointestinal tract. BOP-induced injury used to be considered of military concern because it occurred mostly in military environments during military actions or training, and to a lesser extent during civilian occupational accidents. However, in recent years with the proliferation of indiscriminate terrorist bombings worldwide involving civilians, blast injury has become a societal concern, and the need to understand the biochemical and molecular mechanism(s) of injury, and to find new and effective methods for treatment gained importance. In general, past BOP research has focused on the physiological and pathological manifestations of incapacitation, thresholds of safety, and on predictive modeling. However, we have been studying the molecular mechanism of BOP-induced injury, and recently began to have an insight into that mechanism, and recognize the role of hemoglobin released during hemorrhage in catalyzing free radical reactions leading to oxidative stress. In this report we discuss the biochemical changes observed after BOP exposure in rat blood and lung tissue, and propose a biochemical mechanism for free radical-induced oxidative stress that can potentially complicate the injury. Moreover, we observed that some antioxidants can interact with Hb oxidation products (oxy-, met- and oxoferrylHb) and act as prooxidants that can increase the damage rather than decrease it. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT ENVIRONM & OCCUPAT HLTH,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT ENVIRONM & OCCUPAT HLTH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15238. RP Elsayed, NM (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV MED,DEPT RESP RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 40 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUL 25 PY 1997 VL 121 IS 1 BP 81 EP 90 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(97)03657-3 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA XG756 UT WOS:A1997XG75600007 PM 9217317 ER PT J AU Argyros, GJ AF Argyros, GJ TI Management of primary blast injury SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Molecular Mechanism(s) of Blast Overpressure-Induced Injury CY OCT 26, 1995 CL WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, WASHINGTON, DC HO WALTER REED ARMY INST RES DE blast overpressure; treatment; barotrauma; contusion; pulmonary ID BLUNT ABDOMINAL-TRAUMA; DIAGNOSTIC PERITONEAL-LAVAGE; HYPERBARIC-OXYGEN THERAPY; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; TERRORIST BOMBINGS; GAS EMBOLISM; CASUALTIES; BAROTRAUMA; EAR AB Blast waves are produced following the detonation of munitions, the firing of large caliber guns, or from any type of explosion. These blast waves can be powerful enough to injure the individuals exposed to them. This type of injury is called primary blast injury (PBI) and the organs most vulnerable to PBI are the gas-filled organs, namely the ear, the lungs and the gastrointestinal tract. The approach to the casualty with PBI is the same as it would be for any trauma victim, i.e. the initiation of life support measures. Attention should be directed to the common life-threatening manifestation of thoracic and abdominal PBI. Pulmonary manifestations would include hemorrhage, barotrauma and arterial air embolism, while abdominal manifestations would include hemorrhage and hollow organ rupture. Therapy is directed at the specific manifestations as well as avoiding additional iatrogenic injury. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP Argyros, GJ (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV MED,DEPT RESP RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 57 TC 44 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUL 25 PY 1997 VL 121 IS 1 BP 105 EP 115 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(97)03659-7 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA XG756 UT WOS:A1997XG75600009 PM 9217319 ER PT J AU Sie, KCY Perkins, JA Clarke, WR AF Sie, KCY Perkins, JA Clarke, WR TI Acute right heart failure due to adenotonsillar hypertrophy SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article DE obstructive sleep apnea; tonsils; pulmonary-hypertension; cor pulmonale; heart failure ID PULMONARY AB A case is presented in which a child with underlying chronic lung disease, developed cor pulmonale and severe pulmonary hypertension as a result of adenotonsillar hypertrophy. His cardiac function acutely decompensated with an upper respiratory infection which exacerbated his obstructive sleep symptoms. Pre and postoperative documentation of cardiopulmonary function was critical in the peri-operative management of this patient. His severe pulmonary hypertension was stabilized using a nasopharyngeal airway and medications pre-operatively, in order to minimize his risk of anesthesia. He continued to require careful monitoring and manipulation of his medications after adenolonsillectomy and bronchoscopy. Serial echocardiograms documented the effects of the various interventions implemented in this patient. Severe acute right heart failure is an unusual complication of obstructive sleep apnea. However, this may become more common as more children survive prematurity and its associated chronic lung disease. These children may have subclinical lung disease and/or chronic pulmonary hypertension even after they no longer require supplemental oxygen and bronchodilators. Because these children are often tenuous, with regard to their cardiopulmonary function, they may be at increased risk to develop significant complications related to obstructive sleep apnea. It is important that a physician familiar with the management of pulmonary hypertension be involved in the care of these patients. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 USA,MADIGAN ARMY MED CTR,TACOMA,WA 98431. RP Sie, KCY (reprint author), CHILDRENS HOSP & MED CTR,4800 SAND POINT WAY NE,SEATTLE,WA 98105, USA. NR 8 TC 23 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-5876 J9 INT J PEDIATR OTORHI JI Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. PD JUL 18 PY 1997 VL 41 IS 1 BP 53 EP 58 DI 10.1016/S0165-5876(97)00034-7 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics SC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics GA XR423 UT WOS:A1997XR42300007 PM 9279636 ER PT J AU Asermely, KE Broomfield, CA Nowakowski, J Courtney, BC Adler, M AF Asermely, KE Broomfield, CA Nowakowski, J Courtney, BC Adler, M TI Identification of a recombinant synaptobrevin-thioredoxin fusion protein by capillary zone electrophoresis using laser-induced fluorescence detection SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th Annual Frederick Conference on Capillary Electrophoresis CY OCT 21-23, 1996 CL HOOD COLL CAMPUS, FREDERICK, MD SP SAIC Frederick, Hood Coll Adm HO HOOD COLL CAMPUS DE synaptobrevin; thioredoxin; botulinum toxin ID MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; PROTEOLYTIC CLEAVAGE; TETANUS TOXIN; VESICLE; SYNAPTOPHYSIN; FRAGMENTS AB Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) was utilized to identify a synaptobrevin-thioredoxin fusion protein (TSB-51). TSB-51 is a substrate for cleavage by botulinum toxin B at the Q(76)-F(77) site, TSB-51 was derivatized with a fluorophore, CBQCA [3-(4-carboxy-benzoyl)-2-quinoline-carboxaldehyde], for 4 h at room temperature, Optimal conditions for CZE separation of the TSB-51-CBQCA complex were determined: buffer (sodium berate), pH (9.0), applied voltage (25 kV), temperature (25 degrees C) and forward polarity. SDS-PAGE showed that TSB-51 had a molecular mass of similar to 19 kDa. The protein was transferred to PVDF membrane and sequenced by the Edman degradation method verifying the first twelve amino acids as SDKIIHLTDDSF, TSB-51 was also collected during CZE separation and subsequently sequenced yielding the first three amino acids as SDK. This CZE-LIF method coupled with the CBQCA derivatization, fraction collection and Edman sequencing allowed for identification of the recombinant protein, a fast separation run time and utilization of small volumes of peptide (1.5 ng protein/23.6 nl injection). This method will be used for monitoring the endopeptidase activity of botulinum toxin B on TSB-51. C1 USA,BIOCHEM PHARMACOL BRANCH,DIV PHARMACOL,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. USA,APPL PHARMACOL BRANCH,DIV PHARMACOL,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. RP Asermely, KE (reprint author), USA,NEUROTOXICOL BRANCH,DIV PHARMACOL,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,3100 RICKETTS POINT RD,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010, USA. NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4347 J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B PD JUL 18 PY 1997 VL 695 IS 1 BP 67 EP 75 DI 10.1016/S0378-4347(97)00172-2 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA XN723 UT WOS:A1997XN72300008 PM 9271130 ER PT J AU Halpin, TJ Moore, W Waterman, SH Hadler, JL Wilcox, KR Ensign, B Simpson, DM Toomey, KE Rentas, FJ Dwyer, DM Haley, R AF Halpin, TJ Moore, W Waterman, SH Hadler, JL Wilcox, KR Ensign, B Simpson, DM Toomey, KE Rentas, FJ Dwyer, DM Haley, R TI Red blood cell transfusions contaminated with Yersinia enterocolitica - United States, 1991-1996, and initiation of a national study to detect bacteria-associated transfusion reactions (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 46, pg 553-555, 1997) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 CALIF DEPT HLTH SERV,BERKELEY,CA 94704. CONNECTICUT DEPT PUBL HLTH,HARTFORD,CT 06134. TEXAS DEPT HLTH,AUSTIN,TX 78756. GEORGIA DEPT HUMAN RESOURCES,DIV PUBL HLTH,ATLANTA,GA 30334. USA,MED DEPT ACT,BLOOD BANK CTR,FT HOOD,TX. MARYLAND DEPT HLTH & MENTAL HYG,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. AMER RED CROSS,BIOMED SERV,ARLINGTON,VA. US FDA,OFF COMPLIANCE,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. CDC,INVEST & PREVENT BR,HOSP INFECT PROGRAM,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,ATLANTA,GA 30333. RP Halpin, TJ (reprint author), OHIO DEPT HLTH,COLUMBUS,OH 43266, USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 16 PY 1997 VL 278 IS 3 BP 196 EP 197 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XK108 UT WOS:A1997XK10800010 ER PT J AU Wasser, WG Rossi, CA Glass, GE AF Wasser, WG Rossi, CA Glass, GE TI Hantavirus antibodies in New York SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID RENAL-DISEASE C1 USA, RES INST INFECT DIS, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA. JOHNS HOPKINS SCH PUBL HLTH, BALTIMORE, MD 21205 USA. RP Wasser, WG (reprint author), N GEN HOSP, NEW YORK, NY 10035 USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUL 15 PY 1997 VL 127 IS 2 BP 166 EP 167 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XK158 UT WOS:A1997XK15800028 PM 9230017 ER PT J AU Saxena, A Maxwell, DM Quinn, DM Radic, Z Taylor, P Doctor, BP AF Saxena, A Maxwell, DM Quinn, DM Radic, Z Taylor, P Doctor, BP TI Mutant acetylcholinesterases as potential detoxification agents for organophosphate poisoning SO BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN DE organophosphate; acetylcholinesterase inhibition; aging; stereoisomers of soman; reactivation; bioscavenger ID 1,2,2-TRIMETHYLPROPYL METHYLPHOSPHONOFLUORIDATE SOMAN; STEREOSPECIFIC REACTIVATION; 4 STEREOISOMERS; OXIMES; CHOLINESTERASES; BRAIN AB It has been demonstrated that cholinesterases (ChEs) are an effective mode of pretreatment to prevent organophosphate (OF) toxicity in mice and rhesus monkeys. The efficacy of ChE as a bioscavenger of OP can be enhanced by combining enzyme pretreatment with oxime reactivation, since the scavenging capacity extends beyond a stoichiometric ratio of ChE to OF. Aging has proven to be a major barrier to achieving oxime reactivation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibited by the more potent OPs. To further increase the stoichiometry of OP to ChE required, we have sought AChE mutants that are more easily reactivated than wild-type enzyme. Substitution of glutamine for glutamate (E-199) located at the amino-terminal to the active-site serine (Stool in Torpedo AChE generated an enzyme largely resistant to aging. Here we report the effect of the corresponding mutation on the rate of inhibition, reactivation by 1-(2-hydroxyiminomethyl-1-pyridinium)-1-(4-carboxyaminopyridinium)-dimethyl ether hydrochloride (HI-6), and aging of mouse AChE inhibited by C(+)P(-), and C(-)P(-)-epimers of soman. The E-202 to Q mutation decreased the affinity of soman for AChE, slowed the reactivation of soman-inhibited AChE by HI-6, and decreased the aging of mutant AChE. These effects were more pronounced with C(-)P(-)-soman than with C(+)P(-)-soman. In vitro detoxification of soman and sarin by wild-type and E(202)Q AChE in the presence of 2 mM HI-6 showed that, E(202)Q AChE was 2-3 times more effective in detoxifying soman and sarin than wild type AChE. These studies show that these recombinant DNA-derived AChEs are a great improvement over wild-type AChE as bioscavengers. They can be used to develop effective methods for the safe disposal of stored OP nerve agents and potential candidates for pre-or post-exposure treatment for OP toxicity. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. UNIV IOWA,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP Saxena, A (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 28 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0006-2952 J9 BIOCHEM PHARMACOL JI Biochem. Pharmacol. PD JUL 15 PY 1997 VL 54 IS 2 BP 269 EP 274 DI 10.1016/S0006-2952(97)00180-9 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA XR396 UT WOS:A1997XR39600007 PM 9271331 ER PT J AU Lee, BC Kim, KW Dutta, M Stroscio, MA AF Lee, BC Kim, KW Dutta, M Stroscio, MA TI Electron-optical-phonon scattering in wurtzite crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GAN AB We present Frohlich-like electron-optical-phonon interaction Hamiltonian for wurtzite crystals in the long-wavelength limit based on the macroscopic dielectric continuum model and the uniaxial model. In general, the optical-phonon branches support mixed longitudinal and transverse modes due to the anisotropy. We calculate electron scattering rate due to the optical phonons in the bulk wurtzite GaN and demonstrate that the scattering rate due to transverselike phonon processes can be strongly enhanced over a range of angles with respect to the c asis. For the case of longitudinal-like modes, the anisotropy is small and the result is almost the same as that obtained with the cubic Frohlich Hamiltonian. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,RALEIGH,NC 27695. USA,RES OFF,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. NR 11 TC 108 Z9 119 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 997 EP 1000 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.997 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XM766 UT WOS:A1997XM76600011 ER PT J AU Smolyaninov, II Mazzoni, DL Mait, J Davis, CC AF Smolyaninov, II Mazzoni, DL Mait, J Davis, CC TI Experimental study of surface-plasmon scattering by individual surface defects SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; FIELD; RESONANCE AB A direct-write ablation technique has been implemented in a photon scanning tunneling microscope setup. This combination allows us to study surface-plasmon (SP) scattering by in situ created individual surface defects, while the sizes and shapes of the defects are Varied continuously. It is found that within a certain range of its size, a ''hill'' on an otherwise flat surface can be the source of a very narrow plasmon beam. This effect is explained using the Huygens-Fresnel principle. Shadowing and refraction of the SP field by smaller defects has also been observed. In order to explain these results we introduce an effective SP refractive index for two classes of surface defects: shallow topographical defects and areas covered with absorbed molecular layers. This concept allows us to achieve a qualitative understanding of plasmon scattering in many practical cases. Some simple optical elements for the control of SP propagation are suggested and demonstrated. Our observations suggest numerous practical applications in multichannel chemical sensing, biosensing, and integrated optics. C1 USA, RES LAB, AMSRL SE EO, ADELPHI, MD 20783 USA. RP Smolyaninov, II (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ELECT ENGN, COLLEGE PK, MD 20742 USA. NR 31 TC 90 Z9 92 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1601 EP 1611 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.1601 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XM766 UT WOS:A1997XM76600096 ER PT J AU Randall, DC Jones, DL AF Randall, DC Jones, DL TI Eliminating unnecessary lactate dehydrogenase testing - A utilization review study and national survey SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; DIAGNOSIS AB Background: Consensus recommendations call for the elimination of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) tests from routine rule out myocardial infarction (ROMI) protocols. Methods: We conducted a utilization review project in which we evaluated the institutional impact of removing LDH and LDH isoenzyme tests from our hospital diagnostic panel. We then conducted a scripted telephone survey of 100 US hospitals to assess the generalizability of this project. Results: All our cardiology staff members supported this intervention. Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme test results did not add clinically useful data for any of 200 consecutive patients discharged with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, and selective use of LDH isoenzyme testing in cases where it was clinically believed to be indicated cut costs 99% during the year after our intervention. Furthermore, our telephone survey demonstrated that 66% of US hospitals polled continue to test for LDH isoenzymes in every patient with possible myocardial infarction. Conclusions: Our results corroborate prior recommendations for the removal of LDH testing from the routine ROMI protocol. Such an intervention may be accomplished easily, with excellent staff acceptance and considerable savings. Most US hospitals continue to include LDH testing in their ROMI panels despite national guidelines recommending otherwise. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. RP Randall, DC (reprint author), MADIGAN ARMY MED CTR, DEPT INTERNAL MED, TACOMA, WA 98431 USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-9926 EI 1538-3679 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD JUL 14 PY 1997 VL 157 IS 13 BP 1441 EP 1444 DI 10.1001/archinte.157.13.1441 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XJ665 UT WOS:A1997XJ66500005 PM 9224222 ER PT J AU Marple, RL Kroenke, K Lucey, CR Wilder, J Lucas, CA AF Marple, RL Kroenke, K Lucey, CR Wilder, J Lucas, CA TI Concerns and expectations in patients presenting with physical complaints - Frequency, physician perceptions and actions, and 2-week outcome SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MEDICAL-CARE; COMMON SYMPTOMS; SATISFACTION; SOMATIZATION; DEPRESSION; REQUESTS; SETTINGS; PREVALENCE; DISORDERS; THERAPY AB Background: Specific concerns and expectations may be a key reason that people with common physical complaints seek health care for their symptoms. Objectives: To determine the frequency of symptom-related patient concerns and expectations, physician perceptions and actions, and the relationship of these factors to patient satisfaction and symptom outcome. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of 328 adult outpatients presenting for evaluation of a physical complaint. The setting was a general medicine clinic in a teaching hospital. Measures included previsit patient questionnaire to identify symptom-related concerns and expectations; a postvisit physician questionnaire to determine physician perceptions and actions; and a 2-week follow-up patient questionnaire to assess symptom outcome and satisfaction with care. Results: Pain of some type accounted for 55% of common symptoms, upper respiratory tract illnesses for 22%, and other physical complaints for 73%. Two thirds of patients were worried their symptom might represent a serious illness, 62%, reported impairment in their usual activities, and 78%, 46%, and 41% hoped the physician would prescribe a medication, order a test, or provide a referral. Physicians often perceived symptoms as less serious or disabling and frequently did trot order anticipated tests or referrals. While symptoms improved 78% of the time at 2-week follow-up, only 56% of patients were fully satisfied. Residual concerns and expectations were the strongest correlates of patient satisfaction. Conclusions: Improved recognition of symptom-related concerns and expectations might improve satisfaction with care in patients presenting with common physical complaints. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 44 TC 107 Z9 108 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD JUL 14 PY 1997 VL 157 IS 13 BP 1482 EP 1488 DI 10.1001/archinte.157.13.1482 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XJ665 UT WOS:A1997XJ66500011 PM 9224227 ER PT J AU Arroyo, CM AF Arroyo, CM TI The chemistry of perfluoroisobutylene (PFIB) with nitrone and nitroso spin traps: An EPR spin trapping study SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE PFIB; spin trapping; EPR ID OLEFINS AB While applying electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)/Spin Trapping techniques, several reactive intermediate species were identified in the reaction of perfluoroisobutylene (PFIB) with nitrone and nitroso spin trap agents: the carbon dioxide radical anion (CO2.-), a carbonyl fluoride intermediate (COF), and vinyl carbanions of PFIB. The reaction of PFIB with N-t-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone (PBN) forms a dipolar ion which undergoes electron transfer reactions generating stable nitrone spin adducts. Nitroso compounds reacted with carbanions derived from PFIB, which raises the possibility that electron transfer reactions of this type might account for the observed nitroxides. Our results suggest that PFIB undergoes some type of electron transfer reaction leading to several reactive intermediate species (RIS). The implications of these observations on pulmonary damage caused by inhalation of PFIB are discussed. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. RP Arroyo, CM (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,DRUG ASSESSMENT DIV,ADV ASSESSMENT BRANCH,3100 RICKETTS POINT RD,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010, USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD JUL 11 PY 1997 VL 105 IS 2 BP 119 EP 129 DI 10.1016/S0009-2797(97)00041-0 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA XM373 UT WOS:A1997XM37300003 PM 9251724 ER PT J AU Viragh, C Akhmetshin, R Kovach, IM Broomfield, C AF Viragh, C Akhmetshin, R Kovach, IM Broomfield, C TI Unique push-pull mechanism of dealkylation in soman-inhibited cholinesterases SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; STEREOSPECIFIC REACTIVATION; HUMAN ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; ACTIVE-SITE; CHYMOTRYPSIN; STEREOISOMERS; SPECTROSCOPY; ERYTHROCYTE; PROTEINS; ANALOGS AB The pH-dependence and solvent isotope effects of dealkylation in diastereomeric adducts of Electric eel (Ee) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inactivated with P(-)C(+) and P(-)C(-) 2-(3,3-dimethylbutyl) methylphosphonofluoridate (soman) were studied at 4.0 +/- 0.2 degrees C. The rate constant versus pH profiles were fit to a bell-shaped curve for all adducts. Best fit parameters are pK(1) 4.4-4.6 and pK(2) 6.3-6.5 for Ee AChE and pK(1) 4.8-5.0 and pK(2) 5.8 for FBS AChE. The pKs are consistent with catalytic participation of the Glu199 anion and HisH(+)440. Maximal rate constants (k(max)) are 13-16 x 10(-3) s(-1) for Ee AChE and 8 x 10(-3) s(-1) for FBS AChE. The solvent isotope effects at the pH maxima are 1.1-1.3, indicating unlikely proton transfer at the enzymic transition states for the dealkylation reaction. Slopes of log rate constant versus pH plots are near 1 at 25.0 +/- 0.2 degrees C between pH 7.0 and 10.0. In stark contrast, the corresponding adducts of trypsin are very stable even at 37.0 +/- 0.2 degrees C. The rate constants for diastereomers of soman-inhibited trypsin at 37.0 +/- 0.2 degrees C are pH independent and similar to 10(4) times smaller than k(max) for analogous adducts with AChE. Dealkylation in soman-inhibited AChEs is estimated to occur at >10(10) times faster than a plausible nonenzymic reaction. Up to 40% of the catalytic acceleration can be attributed to an electrostatic push, and an electrostatic pull provides much of the balance. The results of this work together with results of a product analysis by Michel et al. (1969) can be explained by an initial and rate-determining methyl migration from C beta to C alpha. This is driven by the high electron density of residues (Glu199 and Trp84) at a crowded active site and may be concerted with C-O bond breaking. The positive charge at the rate-determining transition state is distributed between C beta and His440. A tertiary carbocation may have a fleeting existence before it is trapped by water or neighboring electrons which is likely to be promoted by Glu199 as the proton acceptor. C1 CATHOLIC UNIV AMER,DEPT CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20064. USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. NR 55 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUL 8 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 27 BP 8243 EP 8252 DI 10.1021/bi962764q PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA XK094 UT WOS:A1997XK09400007 PM 9204869 ER PT J AU Ketchel, BP Wood, GL Anderson, RJ Salamo, GJ AF Ketchel, BP Wood, GL Anderson, RJ Salamo, GJ TI Three-dimensional image reconstruction using strontium barium niobate SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHASE CONJUGATION; FIDELITY; DISTORTION; MEDIA AB A definitive demonstration of the use of a photorefractive crystal to project a three-dimensional image in space is reported on. The image is bright and different perspective views of the object appear as the viewing direction is changed. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 NATL SCI FDN,ARLINGTON,VA 22230. UNIV ARKANSAS,DEPT PHYS,FAYETTEVILLE,AR 72701. RP Ketchel, BP (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 7 PY 1997 VL 71 IS 1 BP 7 EP 9 DI 10.1063/1.119474 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XJ139 UT WOS:A1997XJ13900003 ER PT J AU Vispute, RD Talyansky, V Sharma, RP Choopun, S Downes, M Venkatesan, T Jones, KA Iliadis, AA Khan, MA Yang, JW AF Vispute, RD Talyansky, V Sharma, RP Choopun, S Downes, M Venkatesan, T Jones, KA Iliadis, AA Khan, MA Yang, JW TI Growth of epitaxial GaN films by pulsed laser deposition SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ATOMIC LAYER EPITAXY; SAPPHIRE; NITRIDE; DIODES AB High crystalline quality epitaxial GaN films with thicknesses 0.5-1.5 mu m have been successfully grown directly on Al2O3(0001) substrate by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). For films grown at 950 degrees C, we obtained an x-ray diffraction rocking curve linewidth of 7 are min. The ion channeling minimum yield in the near-surface region (similar to 2000 Angstrom) for a 0.5 mu m thick film was similar to 3%-4% indicating a high degree of crystallinity, The optical absorption edge measured by UV-visible spectroscopy Miss sharp. and tbe band gap was found to be 3.4 eV. The crystalline properties of these PLD GaN films are comparable to those grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition and molecular beam epitaxy. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA,RES LAB,AMSRL,PS,DS,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. APA OPT INC,BLAINE,MN 55434. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MAT & NUCL ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP Vispute, RD (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT PHYS,CSR,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. RI Venkatesan, Thirumalai/E-1667-2013; OI Choopun, Supab/0000-0001-8518-9014 NR 19 TC 74 Z9 78 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 7 PY 1997 VL 71 IS 1 BP 102 EP 104 DI 10.1063/1.119441 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XJ139 UT WOS:A1997XJ13900035 ER PT J AU Ray, P Millard, CB Petrali, JP Berman, JD Ray, R AF Ray, P Millard, CB Petrali, JP Berman, JD Ray, R TI Acetylcholine exocytosis in PC12 cells deficient in SNAP-25 SO NEUROREPORT LA English DT Article DE acetylcholine exocytosis; mastoparan; phospholipase A(2) activator; SNAP-25 ID ANTERIOR-PITUITARY-CELLS; GTP-BINDING PROTEIN; NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; WASP VENOM; MASTOPARAN; GROWTH AB STIMULUS-INDUCED acetylcholine (ACh) exocytosis from presynaptic nerve terminals involves two important steps: fusion of ACh loaded vesicles at presynaptic release sites, followed by release into the synaptic cleft. We studied the role of the putative vesicle fusion protein SNAP-25 in this process. The nerve growth factor-differentiated PC12 cell line was used as an experimental model. A bee venom tetradecapeptide (INLKA-LAALAKKIL-NH2) phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) activator, mastoparan, was used to induce ACh release. Treatment of PC12 cells with appropriate antisense oligonucleotides blocked SNAP-25 expression, as judged by Western blot protein analysis with a specific monoclonal antibody. Despite apparent elimination of SNAP-25, treatment of differentiated PC12 cells with mastoparan and high (80 mM) K+ induced ACh exocytosis. The results indicate that in PC12 cells, ACh exocytosis due to mastoparan plus K+ can occur in the absence of SNAP-25. C1 USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,BIOCHEM PHARMACOL BRANCH,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,COMPARAT PATHOL BRANCH,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,BASIC ASSESSMENT BRANCH,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. RP Ray, P (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BIOL,DIV EXPT THERAPEUT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0959-4965 J9 NEUROREPORT JI Neuroreport PD JUL 7 PY 1997 VL 8 IS 9-10 BP 2271 EP 2274 DI 10.1097/00001756-199707070-00035 PG 4 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA XL180 UT WOS:A1997XL18000036 PM 9243624 ER PT J AU Ader, DN Browne, MW AF Ader, DN Browne, MW TI Prevalence and impact of cyclic mastalgia in a United States clinic-based sample SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cyclic mastalgia; benign breast pain ID BREAST PAIN; NATURAL-HISTORY; DISEASE; WOMEN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FIBROADENOMA; MANAGEMENT; DISORDERS; SYMPTOMS; CANCER AB OBJECTIVES: A descriptive study was conducted to examine the prevalence of premenstrual breast symptoms, the impact of cyclic mastalgia on various activities, and associated patterns of health care utilization. STUDY DESIGN: Patients at an obstetrics and gynecology clinic (n = 1171) completed a questionnaire. RESULTS: Sixty-nine percent of women reported regular premenstrual discomfort; 36% had consulted a health care provider about the symptoms. Current moderate-to-severe cyclic mastalgia was found in 11%. Women <36 years old with cyclic mastalgia were 4.7 times as likely as asymptomatic young women to have had a mammogram. Mastalgia interferes with usual sexual activity in 48% of women and with physical (37%), social (12%), and work or school (8%) activity. CONCLUSIONS: Cyclic mastalgia is a common problem, sometimes severe enough to interfere with usual activities, and it is associated with high use of mammography among young women. Largely ignored both scientifically and clinically in the United States, this disorder merits further biopsychosocial investigation. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Ader, DN (reprint author), UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT PSYCHIAT,4301 JONES BRIDGE RD,BETHESDA,MD 20814, USA. NR 24 TC 58 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 177 IS 1 BP 126 EP 132 DI 10.1016/S0002-9378(97)70450-2 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA XM172 UT WOS:A1997XM17200022 PM 9240595 ER PT J AU Frankel, SS TennerRacz, K Racz, P Wenig, BM Hansen, CH Heffner, D Nelson, AM Pope, M Steinman, RM AF Frankel, SS TennerRacz, K Racz, P Wenig, BM Hansen, CH Heffner, D Nelson, AM Pope, M Steinman, RM TI Active replication of HIV-1 at the lymphoepithelial surface of the tonsil SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DENDRITIC CELLS; INFECTION; VIRUS; LOCALIZATION; TISSUE; AIDS AB Cells that are infected with HIV-1 were visualized at the mucosal surface of the nasopharyngeal and palatine tonsils in 14 specimens from patients with CD4(+) T-cell counts of 200 to 900/mu l and 2- to 10-year histories of HIV-1 infection. Most of the cells with intracellular HIV-1 protein were small but multinucleated. The majority of these syncytia could be double labeled for HIV-1 RNA and a dendritic cell marker S100. In the palatine tonsil, the infected cells were not found in the stratified squamous epithelium that is adjacent to the pharynx. Instead, the S100(+) infected syncytia were localized to the surface of tonsil invaginations or crypts. This mucosa, termed lymphoepithelium, contains antigen-transporting M cells that lie above regions where S100(+) dendritic cells are juxtaposed with CD4(+) lymphocytes. Likewise, infected cells were found in lympho-epithelium and not respiratory epithelium of nasopharyngeal tonsils or adenoids. We propose that lymphoepithelia, the histological term that describes the specialized regions where antigens access mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, are sites where HIV-1 replication can be enhanced in syncytia derived from dendritic cells. C1 ROCKEFELLER UNIV,CELLULAR PHYSIOL & IMMUNOL LAB,NEW YORK,NY 10021. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,ROCKVILLE,MD. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT HIV VACCINE DEV,DIV RETROVIROL,ROCKVILLE,MD. BERNHARD NOCHT INST TROP MED,HAMBURG,GERMANY. GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. RI Steinman, Ralph/F-7729-2012 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI40045, AI40874] NR 28 TC 85 Z9 88 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-3993 SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 151 IS 1 BP 89 EP 96 PG 8 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA XH227 UT WOS:A1997XH22700013 PM 9212735 ER PT J AU Campbell, WN Fitzpatrick, M Ding, XD Jett, M Gemski, P Goldblum, SE AF Campbell, WN Fitzpatrick, M Ding, XD Jett, M Gemski, P Goldblum, SE TI SEB is cytotoxic and alters EC barrier function through protein tyrosine phosphorylation in vitro SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE vascular permeability; endothelial cell; human; bovine; acute pulmonary injury; Staphylococcal enterotoxin B ID TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; STAPHYLOCOCCAL-ENTEROTOXIN-B; STREPTOCOCCAL PYROGENIC TOXINS; CLASS-II MOLECULES; POTENT INDUCERS; T-CELLS; SUPERANTIGENS; ACTIVATION; KINASES AB We studied whether Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) has direct effects on endothelial cells (EC) in the absence of effector cells or their products. Bovine or human pulmonary artery EC were grown to confluence on filters mounted in chemotaxis chambers. Barrier function was assessed by placing [C-14]bovine serum albumin in the chamber and sampling the lower well for C-14 activity. SEB exposures induced a significant (P < 0.001) dose- and time-dependent increase in albumin flux across both bovine and human EC monolayers. Albumin flux was temperature dependent, and cycloheximide pretreatment of the monolayers did not block the SEB-induced increase in permeability. Preincubation of SEB with trypsin or anti-SEB antibody significantly (P < 0.0001) reduced the effect, whereas pretreatment with polymyxin B did not. SEB at greater than or equal to 10 mu g/ml significantly (P < 0.03) increased EC injury as measured by Cr-51 release in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Herbimycin and genistein, inhibitors of protein tyrosine kinases, each protected against SEB-induced cytotoxicity, barrier dysfunction, and intercellular gap formation. We conclude that SEB perturbs endothelial barrier function and viability in the absence of effector cells or their mediators. C1 UNIV MARYLAND, SCH MED, VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT MED, BALTIMORE, MD 21201 USA. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, DEPT MOL PATHOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. RP Campbell, WN (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND, SCH MED,RA COWLEY SHOCK TRAUMA CTR,DIV INFECT DIS, T3R50, 22 S GREENE ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201 USA. NR 34 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 1040-0605 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-LUNG C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 273 IS 1 BP L31 EP L39 PG 9 WC Physiology; Respiratory System SC Physiology; Respiratory System GA XK464 UT WOS:A1997XK46400005 PM 9252537 ER PT J AU Lavallee, SL Iwamoto, LM Claybaugh, JR Dressel, MVC Sato, AK Nakamura, KT AF Lavallee, SL Iwamoto, LM Claybaugh, JR Dressel, MVC Sato, AK Nakamura, KT TI Furosemide-induced airway relaxation in guinea pigs: Relation to Na-K-2Cl cotransporter function SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE rubidium; diuretics; bronchodilator; ion channels; newborn; sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter ID VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE; NA/K/CL COTRANSPORT; LOOP DIURETICS; ION-TRANSPORT; CELLS; RESPONSIVENESS; BUMETANIDE; NEWBORN AB This study tested the hypothesis that airway relaxation to furosemide is mediated via the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter. If this mechanism exists in airway smooth muscle like in vascular smooth muscle, changes in airway relaxation should be associated with changes in Na-K-2Cl cotransporter function, and both should be substrate dependent. Tracheal rings from newborn guinea pigs were bathed in standard (STD) or varying low Cl- concentration ([Cl-]) N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesolfonic acid (HEPES). Isometric relaxation to 300 mu M furosemide or 10(-8) to 10(-5) M salbutamol was measured. Airway segments were incubated with rubidium-86 (Rb-86) in STD or varying low [Cl-] HEPES, with and without 300 mu M furosemide or 25 mu M salbutamol. Furosemide was unable to reduce Rb-86 uptake at 10 mM [Cl-], although relaxation was still observed in 10 mM [Cl-]. Salbutamol did not affect Rb-86 uptake. This study demonstrated that there is a furosemide-sensitive Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in newborn guinea pig trachea. However, the effect of furosemide on cotransporter function did not always directly correspond to differences in relaxation, suggesting that the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter may play a major, but not exclusive, role in furosemide-induced airway relaxation. C1 KAPIOLANI MED CTR, DEPT PEDIAT, JOHN A BURNS SCH MED, HONOLULU, HI 96826 USA. TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR, DEPT CLIN INVEST, HONOLULU, HI 96859 USA. TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR, DEPT PEDIAT, HONOLULU, HI 96859 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-45220] NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 1040-0605 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-LUNG C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 273 IS 1 BP L211 EP L216 PG 6 WC Physiology; Respiratory System SC Physiology; Respiratory System GA XK464 UT WOS:A1997XK46400026 PM 9252558 ER PT J AU Torii, R Sagawa, S Wada, F Nagaya, K Endo, Y Yamazaki, F Nakamura, T Claybaugh, JR Shiraki, K AF Torii, R Sagawa, S Wada, F Nagaya, K Endo, Y Yamazaki, F Nakamura, T Claybaugh, JR Shiraki, K TI Mechanism for changes in vasopressin during acute exposure at 3 atm abs air SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE central venous pressure; esophageal pressure; cardiopulmonary mechanoreceptors; plasma osmolality; mean corpuscular volume ID DRY SATURATION DIVE; NEGATIVE-PRESSURE; HUMANS; RESPONSES; DIURESIS; 31-ATA AB Mechanism for changes in vasopressin during acute exposure at 3 atm abs air. Am. J. Physiol. 273 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 42): R259-R264, 1997.-Plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) concentration is reduced in human subjects during prolonged saturation dive exposures of 4 atmospheres absolute (atm abs) and greater. The objectives of the present study were to determine if AVP would be reduced in eight male subjects during a 1-h exposure of 3 atm abs air and, if so, to determine the mechanisms responsible for the AVP response. Assessments of transmural central venous pressure (central venous pressure - esophageal pressure) and cardiac volume measurements were made to evaluate the possible role of cardiopulmonary receptors on the AVP response. Also, plasma osmolality (P-osmol), venous blood gases, and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were determined to evaluate potential effects of osmoreceptor and other fluid shifts on AVP release. AVP decreased (P < 0.05) by 0.5 mu U/ml at 3 atm abs, whereas the transmural central venous pressure and cardiac volume remained unchanged throughout the experimental periods. A significant reduction (P < 0.05) in P-osmol (by similar to 3 mosmol/kgH(2)O) was detected at 3 atm abs. Therefore, we conclude that the reduction in P-osmol may cause the reduction in AVP during exposure to 3 atm abs pressure. The reduction in P-osmol without water intake requires the postulation of an internal source of water. We propose that the threefold increase (P < 0.01) in venous Po-2 and concomitant decrease (P < 0.05) in venous MCV suggest that the red blood cell may contribute to hypotonicity at 3 atm abs. C1 UNIV OCCUPAT & ENVIRONM HLTH, SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL,OCCUPAT HLTH TRAINING CTR, YAHATANISHI KU, KITAKYUSHU, FUKUOKA 807, JAPAN. TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR, DEPT CLIN INVEST, HONOLULU, HI 96859 USA. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 273 IS 1 BP R259 EP R264 PG 6 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA XK680 UT WOS:A1997XK68000033 PM 9249558 ER PT J AU Richards, AL Soeatmadji, DW Widodo, MA Sardjono, TW Yanuwiadi, B Hernowati, TE Baskoro, AD Roebiyoso Hakim, L Soendoro, M Rahardjo, E Putri, MP Saragih, JM Strickman, D Kelly, DJ Dasch, GA Olson, JG Church, CJ Corwin, AL AF Richards, AL Soeatmadji, DW Widodo, MA Sardjono, TW Yanuwiadi, B Hernowati, TE Baskoro, AD Roebiyoso Hakim, L Soendoro, M Rahardjo, E Putri, MP Saragih, JM Strickman, D Kelly, DJ Dasch, GA Olson, JG Church, CJ Corwin, AL TI Seroepidemiologic evidence for murine and scrub typhus in Malang, Indonesia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTION AB Indonesian military personnel stationed in Malang, East Java were among troops deployed to central Cambodia as part of the United Nations' Transition Authority Cambodia peace-keeping operation in 1992. Predeployment blood samples obtained from a cohort of Indonesian soldiers indicated a high prevalence of antibodies to antigens of Rickettsia typhi or Orientia (formerly Rickettsia) tsutsugamushi, the etiologic agents for murine and scrub typhus, respectively. To evaluate the potential risk of these rickettsial diseases in the Malang area, a subsequent seroepidemiologic survey was conducted. This study involved civilian personnel residing within one of three Malang kelurahans (neighborhoods) representing urban, suburban, and rural communities. The heads-of-households from 197 homes completed a detailed epidemiologic survey. In addition, blood samples were collected from 464 individuals residing within the households surveyed. Examination of civilian blood samples disclosed that 34.7% and 1.3% of the study participants were seroreactive to R. typhi and O. tsutsugamushi, respectively. These results were similar to those obtained earlier from the military samples. In addition, assessment of 78 blood samples obtained from peridomestic rodents trapped from within or near the households surveyed showed that 28 were reactive to R. typhi antigens and four were reactive to O. tsutsugamushi antigens. These data indicate that military and civilian personnel living in the Malang area of East Java are at risk of infection with rickettsiae that are antigenically indistinguishable from those that cause murine and scrub typhus. C1 MALANG MUNICIPAL HLTH OFF, MALANG, E JAVA, INDONESIA. USN, MED RES INST, VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS PROGRAM, BETHESDA, MD 20889 USA. CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT, DIV VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA. NATL INST HLTH RES & DEV, COMMUNICABLE DIS RES CTR, JAKARTA, INDONESIA. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. BRAWIJAYA UNIV, FAC MED, MALANG, INDONESIA. RP Richards, AL (reprint author), USN, MED RES UNIT 2, RICKETTSIAL DIS PROGRAM, BOX 3, APO AP 962508132, APO, INDONESIA. NR 31 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 57 IS 1 BP 91 EP 95 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA XM907 UT WOS:A1997XM90700018 PM 9242326 ER PT J AU Defina, LF Bookstaver, DA Goldfinger, MP Coffey, TA AF Defina, LF Bookstaver, DA Goldfinger, MP Coffey, TA TI Nifedipine gastrointestinal therapeutic system versus nifedipine coat-core: Comparison of efficacy via 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE nifedipine; hypertension; formulation ID HYPERTENSION AB OBJECTIVE: To assess the comparable efficacy and adverse effect profile of two extended-release preparations of nifedipine gastrointestinal therapeutic system (GITS) and coat-core (CC)- in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension. DESIGN: Single institution, single-blind, prospective study. SETTING: Dwight David Eisenhower Army Medical Center, Fort Gordon, GA. PATIENTS: Ninety-one patients who were taking nifedipine GITS as a sole antihypertensive agent were randomized to receive either GITS or CC. After 3 weeks, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was conducted and an adverse effect questionnaire was administered. The patients were then crossed over to the other treatment arm and monitoring was repeated after 3 weeks. MEASUREMENTS: Mean blood pressures, heart rates, and the percentage of readings exceeding 140 mm Hg systolic and 90 mm HE diastolic were compared for the 24-hour period. Additionally, mean blood pressures at 4-hour intervals after drug administration and heart rate during the first 8 hours of the dosage interval were compared. RESULTS: Ninety-one patients enrolled, 79 completed the study, and 62 patients were included in the efficacy analysis. A statistically significant difference (p = 0.020) was shown only in the last 4-hour systolic blood pressure. However, this difference was small (122 +/- 15 mm Hg with GITS vs. 126 +/- 14 mm Hg with CC). There was no difference in the percentage of readings exceeding 140 mm Hg systolic or 90 mm Hg diastolic. Neither dosage nor treatment order had an effect on the results. Adverse effects were reported with a greater frequency during CC therapy (40 with CC vs. 22 with GITS; p = 0.006), but were generally transient. Discontinuation of the drug was necessary in 3 patients during the CC cycle. CONCLUSIONS: GITS and CC demonstrated clinically equivalent antihypertensive efficacy in the study population. The CC product may have a higher rate of adverse effects, but drug discontinuation was uncommon. C1 DWIGHT D EISENHOWER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PHARM,FT GORDON,GA 30905. DALLAS DIAGNOST ASSOC,DALLAS,TX. DWIGHT D EISENHOWER ARMY MED CTR,GEN INTERNAL MED SERV,FT GORDON,GA 30905. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 31 IS 7-8 BP 819 EP 822 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA XJ137 UT WOS:A1997XJ13700001 PM 9220037 ER PT J AU Euhus, DM Kimura, L Arnold, B AF Euhus, DM Kimura, L Arnold, B TI Expansion of CD3(+)CD56(+) lymphocytes correlates with induction of cytotoxicity by interleukin-2 gene transfer in human breast tumor cultures SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 21-25, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Soc Surg Oncol DE human breast cancer; adenovirus; interleukin-2; cytotoxicity ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; KILLER-CELLS; CANCER CELLS; INHIBITION; CYTOLYSIS; THERAPY; GROWTH; LINES; IL-2 AB Background: Mice immunized with murine mammary carcinoma cells genetically engineered to secrete interleukin-2 (IL-2) are rendered resistant to subsequent challenge with unmodified tumor cells, and in the case of mice bearing established tumors, the rate of development of pulmonary metastases is reduced, Despite these encouraging animal results, little is known about the induction of antitumor immunity by IL-2 gene transfer in human breast cancer. Methods: Adenovirally mediated IL-2 gene transfer was performed in 12 tumor fragment cultures established from seven primary breast cancers. Autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cocultured with transduced tumor fragments, and changes in phenotype and cytotoxicity were measured. Results: IL-2 was never detectable in the untransduced cultures, but it peaked at 5.0-1,324.8 ng/ml in the transduced cultures. Lymphocyte counts declined in all untransduced cultures, but they increased two- to sevenfold in four transduced cultures. CD4:CD8 ratios decreased from a mean of 2.11 at baseline to 1.27 after stimulation in coculture (p = 0.03). Expansion of lymphocytes expressing the natural killer cell phenotype (CD3(-)CD56(+)) occurred in only one culture, but the CD3(+)CD56(+) population increased in four of six cultures. Lymphocytes from four of 10 cocultures generated significant cytotoxicity against allogeneic breast cancer cells. Induction of cytotoxicity correlated with expansion of the CD3(+)CD56(+) phenotype (R-2 = 0.805, p = 0.02), Conclusions: IL-2 gene expression by human breast cancer causes expansion of CD3(+)CD56(+) cytotoxic lymphocytes. This phenotype is consistent with that of a non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted cytokine induced killer cell population previously described. C1 TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,HONOLULU,HI 96859. TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,HONOLULU,HI 96859. RP Euhus, DM (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DIV SURG ONCOL,E6222,5323 HARRY HINES BLVD,DALLAS,TX 75235, USA. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 4 IS 5 BP 432 EP 439 DI 10.1007/BF02305558 PG 8 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA XN438 UT WOS:A1997XN43800012 PM 9259972 ER PT J AU Burris, HA Dieras, V Tunca, M Earhart, RH Eckardt, JR Rodriguez, GI Shaffer, DS Fields, SM Campbell, E Schaaf, L Kasunic, D VonHoff, DD AF Burris, HA Dieras, V Tunca, M Earhart, RH Eckardt, JR Rodriguez, GI Shaffer, DS Fields, SM Campbell, E Schaaf, L Kasunic, D VonHoff, DD TI Phase I study with the DNA sequence-specific: Agent adozelesin SO ANTI-CANCER DRUGS LA English DT Article DE adozelesin; alkylating agents; DNA minor-groove binders; phase I ID ANTI-TUMOR AGENT; CC-1065 NSC-298223; ANALOGS; U-73,975; INVITRO; BINDING; POTENT; CYTOTOXICITY; KINETICS; U-73975 AB Adozelesin, a synthetic analog of the antitumor antibiotic CC-1065, is a novel cytotoxic agent which inhibits DNA synthesis by binding to the minor groove of the DNA helix. Preclinical studies have shown a broad spectrum of activity against a variety of murine and human tumor xenograft models. We conducted a phase I study of adozelesin to (i) determine a recommended dose for phase II testing using a 10 min i.v, infusion, (ii) characterize the toxic effects of the drug using this schedule and (III) document any anti tumor activity observed. Adozelesin was administered as an i.v. infusion every 6 weeks. CBC and biological parameters were performed weekly. The starting dose of 10 mu g/m(2), corresponding to 1/30 the mouse equivalent lethal dose, was escalated, according to a modified Fibonacci scheme, until dose-limiting toxicity was encountered. Forty-seven adult patients with solid malignancies ware entered in the study. Successive dose levels used were 10, 20, 33, 50, 70, 105, 120, 150 and 180 mu g/m(2). The main toxic effect was myelosuppression, which was dose limiting. The maximally tolerated dose was defined hs 180 mu g/m(2). A minor response with a 4 month duration was reported in one Previously treated patient with melanoma. We conclude that the recommended phase II dose of adozelesin given as a 10 min infusion is 150 mu g/m(2), repeated every 4 weeks. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78229. CANC THERAPY & RES CTR S TEXAS,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78245. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. INST CURIE,F-75005 PARIS,FRANCE. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIV,IZMIR,TURKEY. PHARMACIA & UPJOHN INC,KALAMAZOO,MI 49007. RI Schaaf, Larry/A-9417-2008 NR 32 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0959-4973 J9 ANTI-CANCER DRUG JI Anti-Cancer Drugs PD JUL PY 1997 VL 8 IS 6 BP 588 EP 596 DI 10.1097/00001813-199707000-00006 PG 9 WC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA XU877 UT WOS:A1997XU87700006 PM 9300573 ER PT J AU Hill, SC Barnes, MD Whitten, WB Ramsey, JM AF Hill, SC Barnes, MD Whitten, WB Ramsey, JM TI Collection of fluorescence from single molecules in microspheres: Effects of illumination geometry SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE fluorescence; single molecule detection; counterpropagating waves; spheres ID SPONTANEOUS-EMISSION RATES; LEVITATED MICRODROPLETS; DIELECTRIC PARTICLES; SPHERICAL-PARTICLE; LIGHT-SCATTERING; SPHERES; SURFACE; MICROPARTICLE; RHODAMINE-6G; SUPPRESSION AB The collection of fluorescence from a molecule inside a sphere illuminated with single or counterpropagating plane waves is modeled. The results are applicable to microdroplet-based single molecule detection techniques and to some microparticle characterization techniques using inelastic emission. The large position-dependent variations in the fluorescence collection rate are primarily attributable to variations in the excitation intensity. With plane-wave illumination the collection from shadow regions is low because the incident energy is refracted by the droplet surface away from these regions. The average collection rate from molecules in shadow regions can be increased by illuminating with counterpropagating beams. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Hill, SC (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,2800 POWDER MILL RD,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 42 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 1 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 19 BP 4425 EP 4437 DI 10.1364/AO.36.004425 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA XJ185 UT WOS:A1997XJ18500014 PM 18259232 ER PT J AU Ferris, DG Kriegel, D Cote, L Litaker, M Woodward, L AF Ferris, DG Kriegel, D Cote, L Litaker, M Woodward, L TI Women's triage and management preferences for cervical cytologic reports demonstrating atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions SO ARCHIVES OF FAMILY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th World Congress of Cervical Pathology and Colposcopy CY MAY 12-16, 1996 CL SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA SP Int Federat Cerv Pathol & Colposcopy ID PRACTICE GUIDELINES; PHYSICIAN; PATIENT; SMEAR AB Objective: To determine women's triage test preferences for the evaluation and management of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) Papanicolaou smear reports. Design: A 35-item questionnaire. Setting: Primary care clinic waiting rooms. Participants: A convenience sample of 968 women. Intervention: Women received standardized descriptions of the meaning of ASCUS and LSIL Papanicolaou smear classifications and uniform descriptions of the 4 triage tests: Papanicolaou smear, human papillomavirus DNA test, cervicography, and colposcopy. Main Outcome Measures: Subjects' responses to questionnaire. Results: More women (58.4%) preferred a repeat Papanicolaou smear for an ASCUS report than would choose human papillomavirus DNA testing (7.3%), cervicography (20.6%), or colposcopy (13.8%) (P<.001, chi(2)) Alternatively, 51% of women wanted colposcopy to evaluate an LSIL report compared with the other 3 options (P<.001, chi(2)). Test accuracy was the most important factor that influenced women's decisions for each test, compared with cost, discomfort, and other reasons (P<.001, chi(2)) Positive predictors for women's selection of colposcopy to evaluate a Papanicolaou smear showing LSIL included older age (P<.01, logistic regression analysis), higher level of income (P<.001, chi(2)), greater level of education (P<.001, logistic regression analysis),greater level of knowledge of colposcopy and Papanicolaou smears (P<.001, logistic regression analysis), family history of cervical cancer (P<.01, chi(2)), and history of cervical dysplasia (P=.02, chi(2)). Conclusions: Most women preferred a repeat Papanicolaou smear to further evaluate an initial Papanicolaou smear demonstrating ASCUS and colposcopy to evaluate a report of LSIL. Women identified test accuracy as the most important reason for triage test selection. Multiple factors, primarily involving patient and family history of cervical neoplasia, level of education, income, age, and knowledge of tests, influence women's desire for specific triage tests. Because no optimal management of women with AS CUS and LSIL Papanicolaou smear reports has been determined, consideration of cr omen's triage test preferences should complement overall patient care. C1 MED COLL GEORGIA,MED EFFECTIVENESS EDUC & RES PROGRAM,AUGUSTA,GA 30912. MED COLL GEORGIA,OFF BIOSTAT,AUGUSTA,GA 30912. EISENHOWER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT FAMILY & COMMUNITY MED,FT GORDON,GA. RP Ferris, DG (reprint author), MED COLL GEORGIA,DEPT FAMILY MED,AUGUSTA,GA 30912, USA. NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 1063-3987 J9 ARCH FAM MED JI Arch. Fam. Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 6 IS 4 BP 348 EP 353 DI 10.1001/archfami.6.4.348 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XK684 UT WOS:A1997XK68400008 PM 9225706 ER PT J AU Stamper, DA Lund, DJ Molchany, JW Stuck, BE AF Stamper, DA Lund, DJ Molchany, JW Stuck, BE TI Laboratory simulator and field pursuit tracking performance with females and males in the presence of laser glare SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID GENDER DIFFERENCES; MOTOR-PERFORMANCE; META-ANALYSIS; AGE AB Background: The developments in laser technology have increased the precision of many tasks and has made the presence of lasers commonplace. In the military the pervasive use of laser devices in uncontrolled environments enhances the potential for human exposure. The visual disruption experienced during these exposures could lead to serious injury or disruption of performance. Characterization of changes in visual-motor performance of military personnel exposed to safe levels of laser glare assists in minimizing mission performance decrements. Methods: There were 18 female and male military personnel who performed a tracking task in the field and in the laboratory. Two systems were used to assess possible gender differences inherent to the operation of each unit. There were six 3-s laser trials presented at an irradiance of 400 mu W . cm(-2) during 15 bright light and 15 simulated dawn/dusk trials with each system. The laser beam on the retina was collinear with the image on the sight. Maximum absolute error (MAE) and total time-off-target (TTOT) scores were determined. Results:Analysis showed that after the flash females tended to lead and males lagged behind the target. No significant differences in MAE or TTOT scores attributable to gender were found. Dawn/dusk flash trials produced greater disruption of pursuit tracking than did bright light trials. Repeated flash exposures showed either an adaptive or a cumulative response. Conclusions: Significant visual disruption was found following exposure to ''safe'' levels of laser light and this effect was increased during simulated dawn/dusk conditions. The degree of performance decrement was not related to gender. C1 USA,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,MED RES DETACHMENT,BROOKS AFB,TX. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 68 IS 7 BP 580 EP 587 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA XG511 UT WOS:A1997XG51100003 PM 9215462 ER PT J AU VandeMerwe, WP Li, ZZ Bronk, BV Czege, J AF VandeMerwe, WP Li, ZZ Bronk, BV Czege, J TI Polarized light scattering for rapid observation of bacterial size changes SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NUTRITIONAL SHIFT-UP; ESCHERICHIA-COLI-B/R; DIMENSIONAL REARRANGEMENT; B-R; DIVISION CYCLE; GROWTH; CELLS; SUBSTRAINS AB The effect of changing growth conditions on the diameter of rod-shaped bacteria was studied in vivo with the use of polarized light scattering. The value of a ratio of scattering matrix elements was measured as a function of scattering angle at various times after nutritional ''upshift'' for two strains of Escherichia coli cells, The peak locations of the scattering function were calibrated against the diameter for rod-shaped bacteria. The peaks moved toward smaller angles as a function of time after upshift, indicating that the diameter was increasing. Under special conditions, substantial peak shifts occurred within a few minutes of growth condition change, indicating a rapid onset of growth in diameter. The rate of increase of the diameters after upshift was obtained from the angular shift of peak location, This rate was similar to 14 nm/min for E. coli K12 and similar to 9 nm/min for E. coli B/r at 37 degrees C. The rate of diameter increase is smaller at lower temperatures. Experiments with Bacillus megaterium showed that any diameter change after nutritional upshift at 37 degrees C is limited to at most a very small increase, at least for the strain and medium tested. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BIOMED INSTRUMENTAT CTR,BETHESDA,MD 20814. USA,EDGEWOOD RES DEV & ENGN CTR,SCBRD RT,USAF ARMSTRONG LAB,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. RP VandeMerwe, WP (reprint author), INDIANA WESLEYAN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,4201 S WASHINGTON ST,MARION,IN 46953, USA. NR 34 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 73 IS 1 BP 500 EP 506 PG 7 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA XF776 UT WOS:A1997XF77600047 PM 9199812 ER PT J AU Braun, AR Balkin, TJ Wesensten, NJ Carson, RE Varga, M Baldwin, P Selbie, S Belenky, G Herscovitch, P AF Braun, AR Balkin, TJ Wesensten, NJ Carson, RE Varga, M Baldwin, P Selbie, S Belenky, G Herscovitch, P TI Regional cerebral blood flow throughout the sleep-wake cycle - An (H2O)-O-15 PET study SO BRAIN LA English DT Review DE REM sleep; non-REM sleep; slow wave sleep; rCBF; PET ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; EYE-MOVEMENT SLEEP; GIGANTOCELLULAR TEGMENTAL FIELD; PARAFASCICULAR THALAMIC NUCLEI; REM-SLEEP; INTRALAMINAR NUCLEI; BASAL GANGLIA; EFFERENT CONNECTIONS; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; GLOBUS PALLIDUS AB To assess dynamic changes in brain function throughout the sleep-wake cycle, CBF was measured with (H2O)-O-15 and PET in 37 normal male volunteers: (i) while awake prior to sleep onset; (ii) during Stage 3-4 sleep, i.e. slow wave sleep (SWS); (iii) during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep; and (iv) upon waking following recovery sleep. Subjects were monitored polysomnographically and PET images were acquired throughout the course of a single night. Stage-specific contrasts were performed using statistical parametric mapping. Data were analysed in repeated measures fashion, examining within-subject differences between stages [pre-sleep wakefulness-SWS (n = 20 subjects); SWS-post-sleep wakefulness (n = 14); SWS-REM sleep (n = 7); pre-sleep wakefulness-REM sleep (n = 8); REM sleep-post-sleep wakefulness (n 7); pre-sleep wakefulness-post-sleep wakefulness (n = 20)]. State-dependent changes in the activity of centrencephalic regions, including the brainstem, thalamus and basal forebrain (profound deactivations during SWS and reactivations during REM sleep) are consistent with the idea that these areas are constituents of brain systems which mediate arousal. Shifts in the level of activity of the striatum suggested that the basal ganglia might be more integrally involved in the orchestration of the sleep-wake cycle than previously thought. State-dependent changes in the activity of limbic and paralimbic areas, including the insula, cingulate and mesial temporal cortices, paralleled those observed in centrencephalic structures during both REM sleep and SWS. A functional dissociation between activity in higher order; heteromodal association cortices in the frontal and parietal lobes and unimodal sensory areas of the occipital and temporal lobes appeared to be characteristic of both SWS and REM sleep. SWS was associated with selective deactivation of the heteromodal association areas, while activity in primary and secondary sensory cortices was preserved SWS may not, as previously thought, represent a generalized decrease in neuronal activity. On the other hand, REM sleep was characterized by selective activation of certain post-rolandic sensory cortices, while activity in the frontoparietal association cortices remained depressed REM sleep may be characterized by activation of widespread areas of the brain, including the centrencephalic, paralimbic and unimodal sensory regions, with the specific exclusion of areas which normally participate in the highest order analysis and integration of neural information. Deactivation of the heteromodal association areas (the orbital, dorsolateral prefrontal and inferior parietal cortices) constitutes the single feature common to both non-REM and REM sleep states, and may be a defining characteristic of sleep itself The stages of sleep could also be distinguished by characteristic differences in the relationships between the basal ganglia, thalamic nuclei and neocortical regions of interest. C1 NIH, PET IMAGING SECT, CTR CLIN, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, DEPT BEHAV BIOL, DIV NEUROPSYCHIAT, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. RP Braun, AR (reprint author), NATL INST DEAFNESS & OTHER COMMUNICAT DISORDERS, LANGUAGE SECT, VOICE SPEECH & LANGUAGE BRANCH, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. RI Carson, Richard/H-3250-2011 OI Carson, Richard/0000-0002-9338-7966 NR 120 TC 641 Z9 651 U1 4 U2 37 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0006-8950 J9 BRAIN JI Brain PD JUL PY 1997 VL 120 BP 1173 EP 1197 DI 10.1093/brain/120.7.1173 PN 7 PG 25 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA XM395 UT WOS:A1997XM39500008 PM 9236630 ER PT J AU Hoskin, FCG Walker, JE AF Hoskin, FCG Walker, JE TI Malathion as a model for the enzymatic hydrolysis of the neurotoxic agent, VX SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOMONAS-DIMINUTA C1 USA,NATICK RES DEV & ENGN CTR,NATICK,MA 01760. RP Hoskin, FCG (reprint author), MARINE BIOL LAB,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543, USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0007-4861 J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 59 IS 1 BP 9 EP 13 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA XB893 UT WOS:A1997XB89300002 PM 9229491 ER PT J AU Douglas, TH Morgan, TO McLeod, DG Moul, JW Murphy, GP Barren, R Sesterhenn, IA Mostofi, FK AF Douglas, TH Morgan, TO McLeod, DG Moul, JW Murphy, GP Barren, R Sesterhenn, IA Mostofi, FK TI Comparison of serum prostate specific membrane antigen, prostate specific antigen, and free prostate specific antigen levels in radical prostatectomy patients SO CANCER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1996 Meeting of the Society-of-Government-Service-Urologists CY DEC 02, 1996 CL SCOTTSDALE, AZ SP Soc Govt Serv Urologists DE prostate specific antigen; prostate specific membrane antigen; free prostate specific antigen; prostate carcinoma; radical prostatectomy ID CANCER-DETECTION-PROJECT; DETECTION PROGRAM; ALPHA-1-ANTICHYMOTRYPSIN; SENSITIVITY; COMPLEX; ASSAY; PSA; MEN AB BACKGROUND, Higher preoperative prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels are associated with higher pathologic stage and grade in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). In earlier studies, serum prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) elevations were associated with clinical progression and hormone-refractory carcinoma. The goal of this study was to evaluate the serum markers PSMA, free PSA (FPSA), free:total PSA ratio (F:TPSA), and total PSA (PSA) in men undergoing RP. METHODS, Serum was obtained from 63 patients undergoing RP for clinically localized (Tlc, T2) prostate carcinoma. Serum PSA and FPSA were determined by Hybritech Tandem-E-R and Tandem-R-R, respectively, and PSMA was determined by Western blot analysis. Serum values for these markers were compared with the patho logic stage, surgical margin status, Gleason sum, prostate size (as calculated via reconstruction and transrectal ultrasound), tumor size based on pathologic assessment of the whole mount, and World Health Organization (WHO) grade of the prostatectomy specimen. Markers were also compared against demographic information and the patients' age and race. RESULTS. There was a weak correlation between serum PSA and positive surgical margins, higher Gleason sum, and WHO grade (P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis comparing sensitivity and specificity of the markers to positive and negative margins as well as seminal vesicle invasion demonstrated PSA and FPSA predictive ability for seminal vesicle invasion. The area under the curve for PSA and FPSA in this case was 0.7318 and 0.7432, respectively. There was also a weak correlation between the FPSA level and margins, with a low ROC area under the curve of 0.6789. The FPSA cannot distinguish the more advanced stage of disease. There was no significant correlation between F:TPSA and PSMA with regard to the study variables in predicting organ confinement. High PSMA levels only correlated with higher stage and were maximal in pT4a classified disease. CONCLUSIONS. Higher PSA and FPSA levels are likely to be associated with more locally advanced disease. Total PSA was the best marker. However, the cutoff values necessary for significant accuracy between PSA and FPSA are not of clinical usefulness due to the lack of specificity and sensitivity of the markers at those cutoffs. F:TPSA and PSMA levels as currently measured are of limited value in discriminating more aggressive disease in patients with clinically localized CaP. (C) 1997 American Cancer Society. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,UROL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT SURG,CTR PROSTATE DIS RES,BETHESDA,MD 20814. PACIFIC NW CANC FDN,CANC RES DIV,SEATTLE,WA. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,DEPT GENITOURINARY PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. NR 29 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD JUL 1 PY 1997 VL 80 IS 1 BP 107 EP 114 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19970701)80:1<107::AID-CNCR14>3.0.CO;2-1 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA XE920 UT WOS:A1997XE92000014 PM 9210715 ER PT J AU Cardello, AV AF Cardello, AV TI Pleasure from food: Its nature and role in sensory science SO CEREAL FOODS WORLD LA English DT Article RP Cardello, AV (reprint author), USA,NATICK RES DEV & ENGN CTR,NATICK,MA 01760, USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 SN 0146-6283 J9 CEREAL FOOD WORLD JI Cereal Foods World PD JUL PY 1997 VL 42 IS 7 BP 550 EP 552 PG 3 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA XK990 UT WOS:A1997XK99000007 ER PT J AU Wu, SJL Hanson, B Paxton, H Nisalak, A Vaughn, DW Rossi, C Henchal, EA Porter, ER Watts, DM Hayes, CG AF Wu, SJL Hanson, B Paxton, H Nisalak, A Vaughn, DW Rossi, C Henchal, EA Porter, ER Watts, DM Hayes, CG TI Evaluation of a dipstick enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to dengue virus SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; IMMUNOASSAY; ELISA; INFECTIONS; IGM; DIAGNOSIS AB Accurate serological confirmation of dengue (DEN) infection is difficult, because simple reliable assays for the detection of DEN antibodies are not available, To address this problem, a dipstick enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was evaluated, The dipstick contained dots of serially diluted DEN 2 antigen, To detect immunoglobulin G (IgG), the dipstick was processed through four reaction cuvettes containing test serum, enhancer, enzyme-conjugated anti-human IgG and IgM antibody, and substrate, Total assay time was 45 min, To detect IgM, the serum was passed through a protein G device to remove Ipc, The dipstick was then processed as before, except that the incubation times were longer and enzyme-conjugated anti-human IgM was used, The total assay time was 3 h, The dipstick ELISA results were compared with results from microplate ELISA. The IgG dipstick ELISA showed a sensitivity of 95.2% and a specificity of 100% compared to an IgG microplate ELISA with serum samples from 125 individuals living in an area in which DEN is endemic, In tests with 75 serum samples from patients with clinically suspected acute DEN infections, the IgM dipstick ELISA showed a sensitivity of 97.9% and specificity of 100% compared to those of an IgM antibody capture microplate ELISA, These results shelved that the dipstick ELISA was a sensitive and specific test for the detection of either DEN IgM or IgG in human serum, The dipstick ELISA was also shown to be useful for detecting seroconversions to DEN IgM or IgG in paired serum samples from 20 patients with virus isolation-confirmed acute DEN infections. C1 INTEGRATED DIAGNOST INC,BALTIMORE,MD 21227. ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,DEPT VIROL,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIAGNOST SYST DIV,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. NAVAL MED RES INST DETACHMENT,LIMA,PERU. RP Wu, SJL (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,DEPT INFECT DIS,CODE 41,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 28 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 4 IS 4 BP 452 EP 457 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA XH998 UT WOS:A1997XH99800011 PM 9220163 ER PT J AU Tsokos, GC Sfikakis, PP AF Tsokos, GC Sfikakis, PP TI Measuring soluble adhesion molecules - Reply SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 UNIV ATHENS,SCH MED,DEPT PROPAEDEUT MED 1,GR-11527 ATHENS,GREECE. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT CLIN PHYSIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 4 IS 4 BP 497 EP 497 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA XH998 UT WOS:A1997XH99800022 ER PT J AU Kuklo, TR Islinger, RB Shekitka, KM Temple, HT AF Kuklo, TR Islinger, RB Shekitka, KM Temple, HT TI Lateral leg pain in a 26-year-old woman SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article C1 ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,BONE DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. RP Kuklo, TR (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,ORTHOPAED SURG SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD JUL PY 1997 IS 340 BP 276 EP & PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA XJ873 UT WOS:A1997XJ87300035 PM 9224266 ER PT J AU Opal, SM Fisher, CJ Dhainaut, JFA Vincent, JL Brase, R Lowry, SF Sadoff, JC Slotman, GJ Levy, H Balk, RA Shelly, MP Pribble, JP LaBrecque, JF Lookabaugh, J Donovan, H Dubin, H Baughman, R Norman, J DeMaria, E Matzel, K Abraham, E Seneff, M Barber, A Brayman, K Cerra, F Chalfin, D Chazen, G Christou, N Cooney, R Corbin, R Drew, R Emmanuel, G Pines, B Eron, L Fletcher, R Foulke, G Gallagher, T Gervich, D Grossman, J Halpern, N Hanna, C Johnson, S Kubak, B Lodato, R Lovett, M Marshall, J Metzler, M Nelson, L Freeland, M Oropello, J Paz, H Rackow, E Riker, R Rissing, P Schein, R Scheld, M Schuster, D Sibbald, W Silverman, H Somermeyer, M Strange, C Summer, W Topiel, M White, J Alestig, K Andersen, PK Andersson, J Bennett, D Berg, S Bleichner, G Brunet, F Carlet, J deJong, MJ Drexler, H Garrard, C Heslet, L Kloss, T Paul, W Reinhart, K Renaud, B Ritz, R Romme, JH Schmitz, JE Stockenhuber, F Suter, P Tenaillon, A Vagt, A vanderMeer, WM vanDeventer, S vanLeeuwen, PAM Verhoef, J Webster, N Winter, RJ Wolff, M Stiles, DM deVos, A Croft, C Fazio, J Thompson, R Wiedemann, H Ellison, RT Chinchilli, VM Yarborough, M AF Opal, SM Fisher, CJ Dhainaut, JFA Vincent, JL Brase, R Lowry, SF Sadoff, JC Slotman, GJ Levy, H Balk, RA Shelly, MP Pribble, JP LaBrecque, JF Lookabaugh, J Donovan, H Dubin, H Baughman, R Norman, J DeMaria, E Matzel, K Abraham, E Seneff, M Barber, A Brayman, K Cerra, F Chalfin, D Chazen, G Christou, N Cooney, R Corbin, R Drew, R Emmanuel, G Pines, B Eron, L Fletcher, R Foulke, G Gallagher, T Gervich, D Grossman, J Halpern, N Hanna, C Johnson, S Kubak, B Lodato, R Lovett, M Marshall, J Metzler, M Nelson, L Freeland, M Oropello, J Paz, H Rackow, E Riker, R Rissing, P Schein, R Scheld, M Schuster, D Sibbald, W Silverman, H Somermeyer, M Strange, C Summer, W Topiel, M White, J Alestig, K Andersen, PK Andersson, J Bennett, D Berg, S Bleichner, G Brunet, F Carlet, J deJong, MJ Drexler, H Garrard, C Heslet, L Kloss, T Paul, W Reinhart, K Renaud, B Ritz, R Romme, JH Schmitz, JE Stockenhuber, F Suter, P Tenaillon, A Vagt, A vanderMeer, WM vanDeventer, S vanLeeuwen, PAM Verhoef, J Webster, N Winter, RJ Wolff, M Stiles, DM deVos, A Croft, C Fazio, J Thompson, R Wiedemann, H Ellison, RT Chinchilli, VM Yarborough, M TI Confirmatory interleukin-1 receptor antagonist trial in severe sepsis: A phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE sepsis; septic shock; interleukin-1; interleukin-1 receptor antagonist; cytokines ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; CLINICAL-TRIAL; IMPROVED SURVIVAL; SHOCK; ENDOTOXEMIA; ANTIBODIES; EFFICACY; RABBITS AB Objective: To determine the therapeutic efficacy and safety of recombinant human interleukin-l receptor antagonist (rhIL-1ra) in the treatment of patients with severe sepsis. Design: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial with a planned, midstudy, interim analysis, Setting: Ninety-one academic medical center intensive care units in North America and Europe, Patients: Patients with severe sepsis or septic shock (n = 696) received standard supportive care and antimicrobial therapy for sepsis, in addition to rhIL-1ra or placebo. Interventions: Patients were randomized to receive either rhIL-1ra (100 mg) or placebo (vehicle) by intravenous bolus, followed by a 72-hr continuous intravenous infusion of either rhIL-1ra (2.0 mg/kg/hr) or placebo. Measurements and Main Results: The study was terminated after an interim analysis found that it was unlikely that the primary efficacy end points would be met, The 28-day, all-cause mortality rate was 33.1% (116/350) in the rhIL-1ra treatment group, while the mortality rate in the placebo group was 36.4% (126/346), yielding a 9% reduction in mortality rate (p = .36). The patients were well matched at the time of study entry; 52.9% of placebo-treated patients were in shock while 50.9% of rhIL-1ra-treated patients were in shock at the time of study entry (p = .30). The mortality rate did not significantly differ between treatment groups when analyzed on the basis of site of infection, infecting microorganism, presence of bacteremia, shock, organ dysfunction, or predicted risk of mortality at the time of study entry, No excess number of adverse reactions or microbial superinfections were attributable to rhIL-1ra treatment in this study. Conclusions: A 72-hr, continuous intravenous infusion of rhIL-1ra failed to demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in mortality when compared with standard therapy in this multicenter clinical trial. It rhIL-1ra treatment has any therapeutic activity in severe sepsis, the incremental benefits are small and will be difficult to demonstrate in a patient population as defined by this clinical trial. C1 CLEVELAND CLIN FDN,DEPT PULM & CRIT CARE MED,CLEVELAND,OH 44195. CHU COCHIN PORT ROYAL,DEPT INTENS CARE MED,PARIS,FRANCE. HOP ERASME,DEPT INTENS CARE,BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. ZENT KRANKENHAUS LINKS WESER,DEPT INTENS CARE MED,BREMEN,GERMANY. CORNELL UNIV,MED CTR,LAB SURG METAB,NEW YORK,NY 10021. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. COOPER HOSP UNIV MED CTR,DIV SURG & CRIT CARE,CAMDEN,NJ. UNIV NEW MEXICO,MED CTR,MED INTENS CARE UNIT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RUSH PRESBYTERIAN ST LUKES MED CTR,DEPT MED,MED INTENS CARE UNIT,CHICAGO,IL 60612. UNIV S MANCHESTER HOSP,INTENS CARE UNIT,MANCHESTER M20 8LR,LANCS,ENGLAND. SYNERGEN INC,DEPT CLIN RES,BOULDER,CO 80301. AMGEN INC,BOULDER,CO. UNIV CINCINNATI,MED CTR,DEPT PULM & CRIT CARE MED,CINCINNATI,OH 45267. UNIV S FLORIDA,DEPT SURG,TAMPA,FL 33620. VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,MED COLL VIRGINIA,TRAUMA SERV,RICHMOND,VA 23298. DEPT CHIRURG,ERLANGEN,GERMANY. UNIV COLORADO,MED CTR,DEPT CRIT CARE MED,DENVER,CO 80202. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIA,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. RP Opal, SM (reprint author), BROWN UNIV,MEM HOSP RHODE ISL,SCH MED,DIV INFECT DIS,DEPT MED,BOX G-PMH,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912, USA. NR 34 TC 402 Z9 424 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 25 IS 7 BP 1115 EP 1124 DI 10.1097/00003246-199707000-00010 PG 10 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA XL366 UT WOS:A1997XL36600010 PM 9233735 ER PT J AU Salasche, SJ Grabski, WJ AF Salasche, SJ Grabski, WJ TI Transverse sectioning of a pigmented lesion SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID STAGE-1 CUTANEOUS MELANOMA; I MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; MANAGEMENT; THICKNESS; SURVIVAL; TUMOR; RISK C1 UNIV ARIZONA,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT DERMATOL,TUCSON,AZ. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT DERMATOL,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 23 IS 7 BP 578 EP 582 PG 5 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA XL559 UT WOS:A1997XL55900016 PM 9236877 ER PT J AU Lavery, LA vanHoutum, WH Armstrong, DG Harkless, LB Ashry, HR Walker, SC AF Lavery, LA vanHoutum, WH Armstrong, DG Harkless, LB Ashry, HR Walker, SC TI Mortality following lower extremity amputation in minorities with diabetes mellitus SO DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Diabetes-Association CY JUN 08-11, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Diabet Assoc DE diabetes; amputation; mortality; African-American; Hispanic; race ID NON-HISPANIC WHITES; LOWER-LIMB; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; ARTERIAL-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; COMPLICATIONS; HYPERTENSION; RETINOPATHY; POPULATION; GANGRENE AB The aim of this study was to identify the age adjusted and level specific mortality rate in African-Americans, Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites (NHW) during the perioperative period following a lower extremity amputation. We identified amputation data obtained from the Office of Statewide Planning and Development in California for 1991 from ICD-9-CM codes 84.11-84.18 and diabetes mellitus from any 250 related code. Amputations were categorized as foot (84.11-84.12), leg (84.13-84.16) or thigh (84.17-84.18). Death was coded under discharge status. Age adjusted and level specific mortality rates per 1000 amputees were calculated for each race/ethnic group. The age adjusted mortality was highest for African-Americans (41.39) compared to Hispanics (19.69) and NHW's (34.98). Mortality was consistently more frequent for proximal amputations. We conclude that mortality rates for persons with diabetes hospitalized for an amputation varied by race, gender and level of amputation. Higher prevalence or severity of risk factors may explain the excess mortality observed in African-Americans. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 MEXICAN AMER MED TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS RES CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. DIABET FOOD RES GRP,SAN ANTONIO,TX. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIA & OPERAT SCI,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Lavery, LA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT ORTHOPAED,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 40 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0168-8227 J9 DIABETES RES CLIN PR JI Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 37 IS 1 BP 41 EP 47 DI 10.1016/S0168-8227(97)00058-2 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA XQ989 UT WOS:A1997XQ98900006 PM 9279476 ER PT J AU Fengler, SA Pearl, RK Prasad, ML Orsay, CP Cintron, JR Hambrick, E Abcarian, H AF Fengler, SA Pearl, RK Prasad, ML Orsay, CP Cintron, JR Hambrick, E Abcarian, H TI Management of recurrent rectal prolapse SO DISEASES OF THE COLON & RECTUM LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-College-of-Surgeons CY OCT 09-14, 1994 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Coll Surgeons DE rectal prolapse; recurrence; procidentia; surgery AB PURPOSE: Many operations have been described for the management of rectal prolapse. Despite an overall recurrence rate of greater than 15 percent, few reviews address how to deal with this problem. This report summarizes our experience with recurrent rectal prolapse and includes suggestions for reoperative management of failed repairs from both abdominal and perineal approaches. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fourteen patients (3 male) ranging in age from 22 to 92 (mean, 68) years underwent operative correction of recurrent rectal prolapse. Average time from initial operation to recurrence was 14 (range, 6-60) months, Initial operations (before recurrence) were as follows: perineal proctectomy and levatorplasty (10), anal encirclement (2), Delorme's procedure (1), and anterior resection (1). Operative procedures performed for recurrence mere as follows: perineal proctectomy and levatorplasty (7), sacral rectopexy (abdominal approach; 3), anterior resection with rectopexy (2), Delorme's procedure (1), and anal encirclement (I). Average length of follow-up mas 50 (range, 9-115) months. RESULTS: Na further episodes of complete rectal prolapse were observed during this period. Preoperatively, three patients were noted to be incontinent to the extent that necessitated the use of perineal pads. The reoperative procedures failed to restore fecal continence in any of these three individuals. One patient died in the postoperative period after anal encirclement from an unrelated cause. CONCLUSION: Surgical management of recurrent rectal prolapse can be expected to alleviate the prolapse, but not necessarily fecal incontinence. Perineal proctectomies can be safely repeated. Resectional procedures may result in an ischemic segment between two anastomoses, unless the surgeon can resect a previous anastomosis in the repeat procedure. Nonresectional procedures such as the Delorme's procedure should be strongly considered in the management of recurrent rectal prolapse if a resectional procedure was performed initially and failed. C1 COOK CTY HOSP,DIV COLON & RECTAL SURG,CHICAGO,IL 60612. UNIV ILLINOIS,LUTHERAN GEN HOSP,PARK RIDGE,IL. UNIV ILLINOIS,W SIDE VET ADM HOSP,CHICAGO,IL. UNIV ILLINOIS,MICHAEL REESE HOSP & MED CTR,CHICAGO,IL 60616. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT SURG,CHICAGO,IL 60680. RP Fengler, SA (reprint author), UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,F EDWARD HERBERT SCH MED,BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,3851 ROGER BROOKE DR,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 7 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0012-3706 J9 DIS COLON RECTUM JI Dis. Colon Rectum PD JUL PY 1997 VL 40 IS 7 BP 832 EP 834 DI 10.1007/BF02055442 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery GA XK096 UT WOS:A1997XK09600018 PM 9221862 ER PT J AU Weis, D Demaiffe, D Souchez, R Gow, AJ Meese, DA AF Weis, D Demaiffe, D Souchez, R Gow, AJ Meese, DA TI Ice sheet development in central Greenland, implications from the Nd, Sr and pH isotopic compositions of basal material SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Greenland ice sheet; isotope ratios; provenance ID RECORDS; SUMMIT; CORES AB The Nd, Sr and Pb isotopic compositions of silt particles from the basal silty ice of the two deep ice cores in Central Greenland, GISP 2 and GRIP, are compared to those of the subglacial rock material at GISP 2 (dolerite boulder, till and granitic bedrock). The silt particles embedded in the GRIP basal ice result from the reworking of the subglacial till unit overlying granitic bedrock at GISP 2, 28 km to the east. This implies that the till unit is continuous in Central Greenland. The silt particles embedded in the GISP 2 basal ice result from local erosion of the granitic bedrock. An erratic dolerite boulder in the subglacial till at GISP 2 is from a mafic dyke that can be related to the Carolinidian mid-Proterozoic fold belt exposed in East Greenland. This study supports the hypothesis that the Greenland Ice Sheet in the Summit area did not result from in situ growth from local snowbanks. The composition of the dolerite boulder points to East Greenland as the most probable source region for the ice sheet. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,HANOVER,NH 03755. RP Weis, D (reprint author), FREE UNIV BRUSSELS,DEPT SCI TERRE & ENVIRONM,CP 160-02,AVE FD ROOSEVELT 50,B-1050 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. RI Weis, Dominique/Q-7658-2016 OI Weis, Dominique/0000-0002-6638-5543 NR 23 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 150 IS 1-2 BP 161 EP 169 DI 10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00073-3 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA XR096 UT WOS:A1997XR09600014 ER PT J AU Burke, DS AF Burke, DS TI Recombination in HIV: An important viral evolutionary strategy SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; RNA GENOMES; INFECTION; TYPE-1; RETROVIRUSES; POLIOVIRUS; RESISTANCE AB Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a diploid virus: each virion carries two complete RNA genomic strands. Homologous recombination can occur when a cell is coinfected with two different but related strains. Naturally occurring recombinant HIV strains have been found in infected patients in regions of the world where multiple genotypic variants cocirculate. One recombinant HIV strain has spread rapidly to millions of persons in Southeast Asia. Recombination is a mechanism whereby high level and multidrug-resistant strains may be generated in individual treated patients. Recombination also poses theoretical problems for the development of a safe HIV vaccine. Certain features of HIV replication, such as syncytium formation and transactivation, may be best understood as components of a sexual reproductive cycle. Recombination may be an important HIV evolutionary strategy. RP Burke, DS (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,1600 E GUDE DR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. OI /0000-0002-5704-8094 NR 40 TC 90 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 7 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL-SEP PY 1997 VL 3 IS 3 BP 253 EP 259 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA XR517 UT WOS:A1997XR51700001 PM 9284369 ER PT J AU Daniels, TJ Falco, RC Schwartz, I Varde, S Robbins, RG AF Daniels, TJ Falco, RC Schwartz, I Varde, S Robbins, RG TI Deer ticks (Ixodes scapularis) and the agents of Lyme disease and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis in a New York City park SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI AB Rodent trapping and drag sampling in Van Cortlandt Park, New York City, yielded all stages of Ixodes scapularis, the deer tick vector of Lyme disease and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE). Polymerase chain reaction analyses of the ticks showed Borrelia burgdorferi and the Ehrlichia sp. that causes HGE. C1 NEW YORK MED COLL,VALHALLA,NY 10595. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Daniels, TJ (reprint author), FORDHAM UNIV,ARMONK,NY 10504, USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR41511] NR 14 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL-SEP PY 1997 VL 3 IS 3 BP 353 EP 355 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA XR517 UT WOS:A1997XR51700012 PM 9284380 ER PT J AU Sciuto, AM Strickland, PT Kennedy, TP Gurtner, GH AF Sciuto, AM Strickland, PT Kennedy, TP Gurtner, GH TI Postexposure treatment with aminophylline protects against phosgene-induced acute lung injury SO EXPERIMENTAL LUNG RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HIGH-LEVEL EXPOSURE; PULMONARY-EDEMA; RAT LUNGS; ISOPROTERENOL; CAMP; PERMEABILITY; MECHANISM; TOXICITY AB Pretreatment with aminophylline has been shown to protect against various types of acute lung injury. Mechanisms responsible for protection are multifactorial but are thought to involve upregulation of cAMP. While previous studies focused on pretreatment, the present investigation examined post-treatment in rabbits following exposure to a lethal dose of the oxidant gas phosgene. Rabbits, 2-3 kg, were exposed to a cumulative dose of phosgene to attain a c x t exposure effect of 1500 ppm.min. Lungs were isolated in situ and prefused for 90-100 min after exposure with Krebs-Henseleit buffer at 40 mL/min. Pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa), tracheal pressure (Pt), and lung weight gain (lwg) were measured continuously. Leukotrienes C-4/D-4/E-4 were measured in the perfusate every 20 min during perfusion. At the immediate conclusion of the experiment, lung tissue was frozen in liquid N-2 and analyzed for reduced GSH, GSSG, cAMP, and lipid peroxidation (TBARS). Post-treatment with aminophylline 80-90 min after exposure significantly lowered Ppa, Pt, and lwg. Aminophylline significantly reduced TBARS and perfusate LTC4/D-4/E-4, and prevented phosgene-induced decreases in lung tissue cAMP. These data suggest that protective mechanisms observed with aminophylline involve decreased LTC4/D-4/E-4-mediated pulmonary capillary permeability and attenuated lipid peroxidation. Direct antipermeability effects of cAMP on cellular contraction may also be important in protection against phosgene-induced lung injury. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,DEPT ENVIRONM HLTH SCI,DIV OCCUPAT HLTH,BALTIMORE,MD. NEW YORK MED COLL,DIV PULM & CRIT CARE MED,VALHALLA,NY 10595. RP Sciuto, AM (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,NEUROTOXICOL BRANCH,MCMR,UV,YN,DIV PHARMACOL,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010, USA. FU PHS HHS [P30-EF03819] NR 41 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 2 PU HEMISPHERE PUBL CORP PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0190-2148 J9 EXP LUNG RES JI Exp. Lung Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 23 IS 4 BP 317 EP 332 DI 10.3109/01902149709039229 PG 16 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA XF465 UT WOS:A1997XF46500003 PM 9202957 ER PT J AU Ringelberg, DB Sutton, S White, DC AF Ringelberg, DB Sutton, S White, DC TI Biomass, bioactivity and biodiversity: microbial ecology of the deep subsurface: analysis of ester-linked phospholipid fatty acids SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Subsurface Microbiology CY SEP 15-21, 1996 CL DAVOS, SWITZERLAND DE microbial ecology; ester-linked phospholipid fatty acid; signature lipid biomarkers; in situ ID COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; SEDIMENTS; PROFILES AB To understand the ecology of microorganisms in deep subsurface sediments, it is necessary to utilize analyses which look at communities in situ since culturable organisms represent a small fraction of the extant microbiota. Application of the signature lipid biomarker (SLB) technology provides quantitative measures of viable biomass (abundance and distribution), community composition and insight into the nutritional physiological status of the community. With this analysis it was possible to define differences in the communities of different geologic horizons with differing geochemical and geophysical compositions. Although a number of different sites across the continental United States have been studied, the focus of this report is on a single site located in the semi-arid west in New Mexico state where late cretaceous (120-135 Myr) shales and sandstones could be sampled. Sediment cores from this site yielded ester-linked phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) indicating the presence of viable microbiota as well as diglyceride fatty acids (DGFA) which described the recently dead or non-viable populations of microorganisms. Both the spatial distribution and the nature of PLFA and DGFA were examined under the premises of two hypotheses: (1) that microorganisms in unheated shales would be similar to modern near shore marine sediment organisms and would be absent from heated (volcanic) shales and (2) that different microbial communities would be detected in shales and sandstones as a result of environmental influences and restrictions both at the time of deposition and in subsequent diagenesis. C1 USA,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,DYNTEL CORP,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. MIAMI UNIV,OXFORD,OH 45056. UNIV TENNESSEE,CTR ENVIRONM BIOTECHNOL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37932. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 13 TC 58 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-6445 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL REV JI Fems Microbiol. Rev. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 20 IS 3-4 BP 371 EP 377 DI 10.1016/S0168-6445(97)00019-3 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA XV020 UT WOS:A1997XV02000017 ER PT J AU Chang, FCT Spriggs, DL Benton, BJ Keller, SA Capacio, BR AF Chang, FCT Spriggs, DL Benton, BJ Keller, SA Capacio, BR TI 4-aminopyridine reverses saxitoxin (STX)- and tetrodotoxin (TTX)-induced cardiorespiratory depression in chronically instrumented guinea pigs SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMINOPYRIDINES; SHELLFISH; ANTIBODY; THERAPY; ORIGIN; MICE; STX AB The extent to which cardiorespiratory infirmity and other sublethal effects of saxitoxin (STX) and tetrodotoxin (TTX) can be reversed by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) was investigated in guinea pigs chronically instrumented for the concurrent electrophysiological recordings of electrocorticogram (ECoG), diaphragmatic electromyogram (DEMG), Lead II electrocardiogram, and neck skeletal muscle electromyoara. Animals were intoxicated with either STX or TTX (2 and 3 mu g/kg, im) to produce a state of progressive cardiorespiratory depression (depicted by decreasing DEMG amplitude, bradypnea, and bradycardia). At the point where cardiorespiratory performance was most seriously compromised (approximate to 30 min posttoxin), 4-AP (1 or 2 mg/kg, im) was administered. The therapeutic effect of 4-AP was striking in that, within minutes, the toxin-induced diaphragmatic blockade, bradypnea, bradycardia, and depressed cortical activity were all restored to a level either comparable to, or surpassing, that of control. The optimal 4-AP dose level was determined to be 2 mg/kg (im) based on analyses of cardiorespiratory activity profiles throughout the course of intoxication and 4-AP treatment. At the dose levels (either 1 or 2 mg/kg) used to restore ventilatory function and cardiovascular performance, 4-AP produced no sign of seizures and convulsions. Although less serious secondary effects such as cortical excitant/arousal effect (indicated by ECoG power spectral analysis) and transient periods of skeletal muscle fasciculation were observed, these events were of minor concern particularly in view of the remarkable therapeutic effects of 4-AP. (C) 1997 Society of Toxicology. RP USA, MED RES INST CHEM DEF, NEUROTOXICOL BRANCH, DIV PHARMACOL, ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD 21010 USA. NR 34 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0272-0590 J9 FUND APPL TOXICOL JI Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 38 IS 1 BP 75 EP 88 DI 10.1006/faat.1997.2328 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA XT796 UT WOS:A1997XT79600008 PM 9268607 ER PT J AU Elg, SA Hill, RB Heldman, L Ramakrishnan, S AF Elg, SA Hill, RB Heldman, L Ramakrishnan, S TI The in vitro effect on T cell function of soluble IL-2R alpha from advanced ovarian cancer ascites SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR-ALPHA; GROWTH FACTOR-BETA; HIGH-AFFINITY; HAPTOGLOBIN; PHENOTYPES; EXPRESSION; INVITRO; BINDING; PROTEIN; SERUM AB Activated T cells not only secrete interleukin-2 (IL-2) and express cell surface interleukin 2 receptor alpha (IL-2R alpha), but also shed IL-2R alpha. This soluble receptor is a truncated form of the membrane-bound p55 receptor with a similar binding affinity. It has been proposed that soluble IL-2R alpha (sIL-2R alpha) could negatively modulate local immune response. High levels of sIL-2R alpha have been found in the serum and ascites of ovarian cancer patients. The purpose of this investigation is to determine the amount of in vitro T cell inhibition seen in ovarian cancer ascites that is attributable to high levels of sIL-2R alpha. Purified sIL-2R alpha at levels up to 100,000 pg/ml was placed in lymphocyte proliferation assays. Soluble IL-2R alpha was removed from the ascites of three patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Lymphocyte proliferation assays utilizing phytohemaglutin (PHA) stimulation were carried out with this ascites. Untreated ascites from each patient served as control Addition of purified sIL-2R alpha to lymphocyte proliferation assays failed to demonstrate significant lymphocyte suppression. Addition of ascites to the lymphocyte assays resulted in up to an 80% decrease in lymphocyte proliferation. Neutralization of ascites sIL-2R alpha as well as removal of sIL-2R alpha via a protein G column failed to reverse any of the observed lymphocyte suppression. We conclude that although sIL2R alpha is elevated in ascites of patients with ovarian cancer, it does not account for the profound ascites-induced T cell suppression observed in vitro. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,TRIPLER,HI 96859. UNIV MINNESOTA,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. UNIV MINNESOTA,HLTH SCI CTR,WOMENS CANC CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RP Elg, SA (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 66 IS 1 BP 133 EP 137 DI 10.1006/gyno.1997.4741 PG 5 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA XN023 UT WOS:A1997XN02300023 PM 9234933 ER PT J AU Burkhart, JG Gardner, HS AF Burkhart, JG Gardner, HS TI Non-mammalian and environmental sentinels in human health: ''Back to the future?'' SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Review DE environmental sentinels; alternative models; non-mammalian test ID MEDAKA ORYZIAS-LATIPES; MUMMICHOG FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASES; HUDSON RIVER TOMCOD; GOLDFISH RAS GENE; LIVER NEOPLASMS; TRANSGENIC MICE; MESSENGER-RNA; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASES C1 USA,ENVIRONM HLTH RES DETACHMENT,FT DETRICK,MD. RP Burkhart, JG (reprint author), NIEHS,ENVIRONM TOXICOL PROGRAM,POB 12233,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709, USA. NR 131 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 3 IS 3 BP 309 EP 328 PG 20 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA XP521 UT WOS:A1997XP52100004 ER PT J AU Zari, MC Zwilling, AF Hess, DA Jo, J Anderson, CS Chiang, D AF Zari, MC Zwilling, AF Hess, DA Jo, J Anderson, CS Chiang, D TI Soldier identification system utilizing low probability of intercept (LPI) techniques SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB This paper documents the design of a laser/radio frequency (RF) Soldier Identification (ID) System developed by Dynetics, Inc., Harris, Corp., and the US Army Communications and Electronics Command (CECOM). The Soldier ID system includes an Interrogation Unit with a programmable activation code. The Interrogation Unit consists of a directive, eye-safe laser and a spread-spectrum RF transceiver. This allows for a low probability of intercept (LPI) interrogation, which is of interest during covert operations. A Responder Unit is worn, for example, by a soldier and transmits an LPI spread-spectrum RF response, only after receiving the proper interrogation codes. The basic subsystems for the identification system are a Laser Interrogation Unit, an RF Responder Unit, and an electronic Programming Unit. The operating principles for the subsystem are reviewed, and the design issues are discussed, In addition to the preliminary design performed under Phase I of the program, a breadboard system was developed to validate the proof-of-principle concept, Hardware implementation is reviewed and test results are presented. The brassboard development and engineering plans are also presented. C1 HARRIS CORP,MELBOURNE,FL 32902. UNIV FLORIDA,SHALIMAR,FL 32579. USA,CECOM,NVESD,AMSEL,RD,NVRC,IFF,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703. RP Zari, MC (reprint author), DYNET INC,1000 EXPLORER BLVD,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35806, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 12 IS 7 BP 21 EP 26 DI 10.1109/62.596651 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA XH521 UT WOS:A1997XH52100007 ER PT J AU Pecht, MG Fink, J Hakim, E Wyler, J AF Pecht, MG Fink, J Hakim, E Wyler, J TI An assessment of the qualified manufacturer list (QML) SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article DE QML; plastic encapsulated microcircuits; best commercial practices AB The Qualified Manufacturer List (QML) approach, detailed in MIL-I-38535, General Specification for Integrated Circuits (Microcircuit) Manufacturing, embraces many of the commercial practices employed by high volume microcircuit suppliers, Nevertheless, with the availability of highly reliable and lower cost commercial parts, the QML approach becomes unnecessary and undesirable. In this paper we attempt to show why US government support of the QML program is leading the military and government to unaffordable access to out-dated technologies, damaging our country's military and avionics position. We will present information to show why we support the retraction of MIL-PRF-38535 and any other documents which imply that QML parts are superior to commercial parts, including those of QPL, MIL-STD-454, and MIL-HDBK-217 (now prohibited from use in all new Army programs). C1 HONEYWELL INC,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55440. USA,RES LAB,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703. SMITH IND,MALVERN,PA 19355. RP Pecht, MG (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,CALCE,EPRC,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. OI Pecht, Michael/0000-0003-1126-8662 NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 12 IS 7 BP 39 EP 43 DI 10.1109/62.596656 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA XH521 UT WOS:A1997XH52100011 ER PT J AU Bergin, TJ Moye, W AF Bergin, TJ Moye, W TI 50 years of Army computing, from ENIAC to MSRC SO IEEE ANNALS OF THE HISTORY OF COMPUTING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA,RES LABS,ADELPHI,MD 20783. RP Bergin, TJ (reprint author), AMERICAN UNIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20016, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 SN 1058-6180 J9 IEEE ANN HIST COMPUT JI IEEE Ann. Hist. Comput. PD JUL-SEP PY 1997 VL 19 IS 3 BP 76 EP 77 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; History & Philosophy Of Science SC Computer Science; History & Philosophy of Science GA XM192 UT WOS:A1997XM19200008 ER PT J AU Kareenahalli, S Dagenais, M Stone, D Tayag, TJ AF Kareenahalli, S Dagenais, M Stone, D Tayag, TJ TI Experimental confirmation of phase relationships of multimode interference splitters using a shearing-type near-field Sagnac interferometer SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Fourier transforms; multimode interference (MMI) splitter; near-field sagnac interferometer; phase measurement AB We report, for the first time, the experimental confirmation of the phase relationships between the output images of 1 x 4 and 1 x 8 multimode interference (MMI) splitters, Interference data is obtained using a shearing type near-field Sagnac interferometer, A Fourier transform technique is used to extract the phase information of the splitter output images, Excellent agreement between the experimental results and the theoretical predictions is obtained, which indicates good phase performance of the device. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,JOINT PROGRAM ADV ELECT MAT,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. LAB PHYS SCI,COLLEGE PK,MD 20740. USA,RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783. RP Kareenahalli, S (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 9 IS 7 BP 937 EP 939 DI 10.1109/68.593357 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA XE098 UT WOS:A1997XE09800026 ER PT J AU Silverstein, JD Bender, R AF Silverstein, JD Bender, R TI Measurements and predictions of the RCS of Bruderhedrals at millimeter wavelengths SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE measurement; radar cross sections AB Polarimetric radar cross sections (RCS's) were measured for two large Bruderhedrals at 35 and 93 GHz, The overall spread in the measured RCS was 2 dB, It was found that the absolute RCS as well as the dependence of the RCS on elevation angle could be significantly altered by a slight misalignment of the Bruderhedral. The calculations of these RCS's by theories for a top hat and RCS simulation codes based on geometric and physical optics (PO) generally agreed with the measurements to within 3 db, Radar calibrations using these Bruderhedrals that are based on the predictions are not reliable, however, if accuracies better than 3 dB are required, The measured values of the cross-polarization RCS were very small compared to the copolarization ones, consistent with the codes and theoretical considerations. RP Silverstein, JD (reprint author), ARMY RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 45 IS 7 BP 1071 EP 1079 DI 10.1109/8.596894 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA XH347 UT WOS:A1997XH34700002 ER PT J AU Buchwald, WR Jones, KA Zhao, JH Huang, JW Kuech, TF AF Buchwald, WR Jones, KA Zhao, JH Huang, JW Kuech, TF TI A comparison of pnpn and oxygen-doped pn-i-pn GaAs thyristors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article ID PHASE EPITAXY GAAS AB The effects of an MOCVD grown, oxygen-doped, high-resistivity insulating layer incorporated into a pn-i-pn structure has been investigated by comparing this pn-i-pn device to a traditional pnpn GaAs structure. Although similar breakover voltages were obtained using 30% less material for the pn-i-pn device, the on-state forward drop was seen to increase from 1.65 V for the pnpn device to 7.95 V for the pn-i-pn structure. This increase is believed to be caused by a decrease in the i-layer's effective carrier lifetime and/or carrier mobility which is produced by midgap, oxygen-related defects located in the high-resistivity i-region of the pn-i-pn device, Turn-on times of 50 ns, and self commutated turn-off times with no current tail of approximately 45 ns are also reported for both devices. C1 USA,RES LAB,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT CHEM ENGN,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD JUL PY 1997 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1154 EP 1157 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XF923 UT WOS:A1997XF92300018 ER PT J AU Smith, JA Chauhan, NS Schmugge, TJ Ballard, JR AF Smith, JA Chauhan, NS Schmugge, TJ Ballard, JR TI Remote sensing of land surface temperature: The directional viewing effect SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 96) - Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future CY MAY 21-31, 1996 CL LINCOLN, NE SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NASA, NOAA, USN, Off Naval Res, US Natl Comm Union Radiosci Int, Canon Modern Methods Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Adv Land Management Informat Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Commun & Informat Sci, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Electro Opt, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Laser Anal Studies Trace Gas Dynam, Centurion Int Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Coll Engn & Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Elect Engn, ERDAS Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, High Plains Climate Ctr, Li Cor Inc, US Geol Survey EROS Data Ctr ID CANOPIES; FOREST; MODEL AB Land surface temperature and emissivity products are currently being derived from satellite and aircraft remote sensing data using a variety of techniques to correct for atmospheric effects. Implicit in the commonly employed approaches is the assumption of isotropy in directional thermal infrared exitance. Our theoretical analyzes indicate angular variations in apparent infrared temperature will typically yield land surface temperature errors ranging from 1 to 4 degrees C unless corrective measures are applied. C1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. ARS,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. USAE WATERWAYS EXPT STN,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. RP Smith, JA (reprint author), NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771, USA. NR 10 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JUL PY 1997 VL 35 IS 4 BP 972 EP 974 DI 10.1109/36.602539 PG 3 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA XL049 UT WOS:A1997XL04900019 ER PT J AU Sengupta, LC Sengupta, S AF Sengupta, LC Sengupta, S TI Novel ferroelectric materials for phased array antennas SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article ID BARIUM STRONTIUM-TITANATE AB Various composites of barium strontium titanium oxide (BSTO) combined with other nonelectrically active oxide ceramics have been formulated for application in phased array antennas. In general, the composites have adjustable electronic properties which can be tailored for use in phased array antennas and other phase shifting devices. The dielectric constant and the loss tangents have been reduced to enhance the overall impedance matching and thereby lowering the insertion loss of the device, In addition, the overall tunability, the change in the dielectric constant with applied voltage, is maintained at a sufficiently high level, In order to address a broad frequency range in the microwave region, the composites have been fabricated in bulk ceramic, thick film, and thin film form, This article discusses the processing, material characterization, and electronic properties of the composites in MHz and GHz frequencies. RP Sengupta, LC (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,CERAM RES BRANCH,ELECTROCERAM GRP,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005, USA. NR 16 TC 147 Z9 163 U1 1 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD JUL PY 1997 VL 44 IS 4 BP 792 EP 797 DI 10.1109/58.655193 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA XL869 UT WOS:A1997XL86900008 ER PT J AU Doolan, DL Hoffman, SL Southwood, S Wentworth, PA Sidney, J Chesnut, RW Keogh, E Appella, E Nutman, TB Lal, AA Gordon, DM Oloo, A Sette, A AF Doolan, DL Hoffman, SL Southwood, S Wentworth, PA Sidney, J Chesnut, RW Keogh, E Appella, E Nutman, TB Lal, AA Gordon, DM Oloo, A Sette, A TI Degenerate cytotoxic T cell epitopes from P-falciparum restricted by multiple HLA-A and HLA-B supertype alleles SO IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID SPOROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-2; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; GAMMA-INTERFERON; LYMPHOCYTES-T; INFECTED HEPATOCYTES; VACCINE DEVELOPMENT; PEPTIDE-BINDING; SEVERE MALARIA; RESPONSES AB We recently described human leukocyte antigen (HLA) A2, A3 and B7 supertypes, characterized by largely overlapping peptide-binding specificities and represented in a high percentage of different populations. Here, we identified 17 Plasmodium falciparum peptides capable of binding these supertypes and assessed antigenicity in both vaccinated and naturally exposed populations. Positive cytotoxic T lymphocyte recall and cytokine (interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha) responses were detected for all peptides; all were recognized in the context of more than one HLA class I molecule; and at least 12 of the 17 were recognized in the context of all HLA alleles studied. These data validate the concept of HLA supertypes at the biological level, show that highly degenerate peptides are almost always recognized as epitopes, and demonstrate the feasibility of developing a universally effective vaccine by focusing on a limited number of peptide specificities. C1 CYTEL CORP,SAN DIEGO,CA 92121. NCI,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIAID,PARASIT DIS LAB,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,DIV PARASIT DIS,ATLANTA,GA 30333. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. KENYA GOVT MED RES CTR,KISSIAN,KENYA. RP Doolan, DL (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,MALARIA PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. RI Doolan, Denise/F-1969-2015 FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01-AI-45241] NR 59 TC 140 Z9 141 U1 1 U2 5 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1050 MASSACHUSETTES AVE, CIRCULATION DEPT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 SN 1074-7613 J9 IMMUNITY JI Immunity PD JUL PY 1997 VL 7 IS 1 BP 97 EP 112 DI 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80513-0 PG 16 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA XN693 UT WOS:A1997XN69300009 PM 9252123 ER PT J AU Oelschlaeger, TA Tall, BD AF Oelschlaeger, TA Tall, BD TI Invasion of cultured human epithelial cells by Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from the urinary tract SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID RECEPTOR-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS; COATED PIT FORMATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; HELA-CELLS; MECHANISMS; ADHERENCE; STRAINS; FIBROBLASTS; INFECTIONS AB The mechanisms which enable entry into cultured human epithelial cells by Klebsiella pneumoniae were compared with those of Salmonella typhi Ty2.K. pneumoniae 3091, isolated from a urine sample of a patient with a urinary tract infection, invaded human epithelial cells from the bladder and ileocecum and persisted for days in vitro. Electron microscopic studies demonstrated that K. pneumoniae was always contained in endosomes. The internalization mechanism(s) triggered by K. pneumoniae was studied by invasion assays conducted with different inhibitors that act on prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structures and processes, Chloramphenicol inhibition of bacterial uptake revealed that bacterial de novo protein synthesis was essential for efficient invasion by K. pneumoniae and S. typhi. Interference with receptor-mediated endocytosis by g-strophanthin or monodansylcadaverine and inhibition of endosome acidification by monensin reduced the number of viable intracellular K. pneumoniae cells, but not S. typhi cells. The depolymerization of microfilaments by cytochalasin D inhibited the uptake of both bacteria. Microtubule depolymerization caused by colchicine, demecolcine, or nocodazole and the stabilization of microtubules with taxol reduced only the invasion ability of K. pneumoniae. S. typhi invasion was unaffected by microtubule depolymerization or stabilization. These data suggest that the internalization mechanism triggered by K. pneumoniae 3091 is strikingly different from the solely microfilament-dependent invasion mechanism exhibited by many of the well-studied enteric bacteria, such as entero-invasive Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, and Yersinia strains. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BACTERIAL IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RI Oelschlaeger, Tobias/B-5624-2015; OI Tall, Ben/0000-0003-0399-3629 NR 50 TC 68 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 65 IS 7 BP 2950 EP 2958 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA XF631 UT WOS:A1997XF63100060 PM 9199471 ER PT J AU Olsen, SC Cheville, NF Stevens, MG Houng, HH Drazek, ES Hadfield, TL Warren, RL Hoover, DL AF Olsen, SC Cheville, NF Stevens, MG Houng, HH Drazek, ES Hadfield, TL Warren, RL Hoover, DL TI Lymphocyte proliferative responses of goats vaccinated with Brucella melitensis 16M or a Delta purE201 strain SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNE-RESPONSES; RB51; ABORTUS; CATTLE; BRUCELLA-ABORTUS-2308; MACROPHAGES; ANTIGENS; MICE AB The response to a Brucella melitensis purEK deletion mutant, Delta purE201 (referred to as strain 201), was compared with the response to its parental strain, 16M, in juvenile goats. Proliferative responses to gamma-irradiated bacteria were detected earlier in strain 201-infected goats. Lymphocytes from strain 16M- or 201-infected goats proliferated in response to one-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis-separated proteins of similar mass isolated from strain 16M or Brucella abortus RB51. Data from this study suggest that some antigens stimulating cell-mediated responses are conserved among Brucella species, as 201- and 16M-infected goats recognized similar proteins expressed by RB51 and 16M. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT PATHOL,AMES,IA 50011. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT ENTER INFECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BACTERIAL DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,DEPT INFECT & PARASIT DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. RP Olsen, SC (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,ZOONOT DIS RES UNIT,POB 70,AMES,IA 50010, USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 65 IS 7 BP 2987 EP 2991 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA XF631 UT WOS:A1997XF63100067 PM 9199478 ER PT J AU Nindl, BC Friedl, KE Frykman, PN Marchitelli, LJ Shippee, RL Patton, JF AF Nindl, BC Friedl, KE Frykman, PN Marchitelli, LJ Shippee, RL Patton, JF TI Physical performance and metabolic recovery among lean, healthy men following a prolonged energy deficit SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE weight loss; hormonal adaptations; catabolism; body composition; military personnel ID SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; WEIGHT-LOSS; MUSCLE FUNCTION; YOUNG MEN; BODY-FAT; EXERCISE; ENDURANCE; NUTRITION; STRENGTH; STRAIN AB Previous studies have demonstrated that full recovery from weight loss may take months or years. The present investigation examined short-term recovery (5 wks ''post'') of physical performance (muscular strength, muscular power, vertical jump), body composition, metabolic hormones (testosterone, luteinizing hormone, sex hormone binding globulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, thyroid binding globulin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone) and metabolic markers (transferrin, ferritin, prealbumin, glycerol, nonesterified fatty acids, high-density lipoproteins, and lactate) in 10 healthy young men after an 8-week Army course with an energy deficit (1000 kcal/d) and loss of body mass (-12%). Subjects ate ad libitum after the course ended (''post''). Body composition was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; strength from a simulated power clean, power from body mass and jump height, and metabolic hormones were measured in morning-fasted blood by radioimmunoassay. With the exception of transferrin and glycerol, all study parameters were significantly (p < .05) altered by the training course. At 5 weeks post fat-free mass along with all physical performance measures returned to initial levels; however, fat mass had significantly (p < .05) increased over initial levels. Also, with the exception of lactate, all measured hormones and markers were close to initial levels and within normal ranges. Reported complications during recovery included sleep irregularities, diarrhea, loss of motivation and feelings of fatigue. While the long range effect of this energy deprivation experience is uncertain, these data do suggest that severe weight loss does not result in lasting alterations of the contractile and metabolic properties of skeletal muscle in young, lean, healthy men. C1 USA,ENVIRONM MED RES INST,MIL PERFORMANCE DIV,NATICK,MA 01760. OI Friedl, Karl/0000-0002-3134-8427 NR 41 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 4 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 30 11 20, D-70451 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0172-4622 J9 INT J SPORTS MED JI Int. J. Sports Med. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 18 IS 5 BP 317 EP 324 DI 10.1055/s-2007-972640 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA XR996 UT WOS:A1997XR99600001 PM 9298770 ER PT J AU Chang, JS Myint, T Chakrabarti, A Miziolek, A AF Chang, JS Myint, T Chakrabarti, A Miziolek, A TI Removal of carbon tetrachloride from air stream by a corona torch plasma reactor SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 1-REGULAR PAPERS SHORT NOTES & REVIEW PAPERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Reactive Plasmas (ICRP-3) CY JAN 21-24, 1997 CL NARA, JAPAN SP Japan Soc Appl Phys DE corona torch; plasma reactor; CCl4 destruction; VOC destruction; nonthermal plasma AB Non-thermal plasma technologies offer an innovative approach to the problem of decomposing various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the paint and semiconductor industries. We focused our attention on corona torch plasma reactors to study the decomposition destruction efficiency for carbon tetrachloride at 400 to 8600 ppm level in dry air. The effects of gas flow rate, concentration and reactor operating conditions on the decomposition and analysis of reactant conversion of carbon tetrachloride were investigated. Experimental results show that the destruction efficiencies of carbon tetrachloride depend nonmonotonically on discharge power or applied voltage and increase with decreasing gas flow rate. No significant O-3, NOx, N2O and CO are observed as the by-products of discharge in air. CO2, H2O, Cl-2 and HCl are observed to be the final products of carbon tetrachloride destruction. C1 USA,RES LAB,AMSRL WT PC,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005. RP Chang, JS (reprint author), MCMASTER UNIV,DEPT ENGN PHYS,HAMILTON,ON L8S 4M1,CANADA. NR 6 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU JAPAN J APPLIED PHYSICS PI MINATO-KU TOKYO PA DAINI TOYOKAIJI BLDG 24-8 SHINBASHI 4-CHOME, MINATO-KU TOKYO 105, JAPAN SN 0021-4922 J9 JPN J APPL PHYS 1 JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1 - Regul. Pap. Short Notes Rev. Pap. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 36 IS 7B BP 5018 EP 5024 DI 10.1143/JJAP.36.5018 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XR224 UT WOS:A1997XR22400088 ER PT J AU Woolard, DL Koscica, T Rhodes, DL Cui, HL Pastore, RA Jensen, JO Jensen, JL Loerop, WR Jacobsen, RH Mittleman, D Nuss, MC AF Woolard, DL Koscica, T Rhodes, DL Cui, HL Pastore, RA Jensen, JO Jensen, JL Loerop, WR Jacobsen, RH Mittleman, D Nuss, MC TI Millimeter wave-induced vibrational modes in DNA as a possible alternative to animal tests to probe for carcinogenic mutations SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE vibrational modes; DNA mutagenesis; millimeter wave spectroscopy AB Developing methods for alternative testing is increasingly important due to dwindling funding resources and increasing costs associated with animal testing and legislation, We propose to test the feasibility of a new and novel method for detecting DNA mutagenesis using millimeter wave spectroscopy, Although millimeter wave spectroscopy has been known since the 1950s, the cost was prohibitive and studies did not extend to large biological proteins such as DNA, Recent advances have made this technology feasible for developing laboratory and field equipment, We present preliminary findings for lesion-induced vibrational modes in DNA observed from 80 to 1000 gigahertz (GHz). These findings suggest that there are vibrational modes that can be used as identification resonances, These modes are associated with localized defects of the DNA polymers, They are unique for each defect/lesion, and should be easy to detect, We described a field-detecting detector based on the local modes. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 STEVENS INST TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ENGN PHYS,HOBOKEN,NJ 07030. USA,EDGEWOOD RES DEV & ENGN CTR,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. AT&T BELL LABS,LUCENT TECHNOL,HOLMDEL,NJ 07733. RP Woolard, DL (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. RI Jacobsen, Rune/K-6898-2015 OI Jacobsen, Rune/0000-0001-9128-574X NR 26 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 17 IS 4 BP 243 EP 246 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1263(199707)17:4<243::AID-JAT436>3.0.CO;2-6 PG 4 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA XR715 UT WOS:A1997XR71500006 PM 9285537 ER PT J AU Shih, TM McDonough, JH AF Shih, TM McDonough, JH TI Neurochemical mechanisms in soman-induced seizures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE organophosphorus compound; soman; seizure activity; excitatory amino acids; inhibitory amino acids; cholinesterase; acetylcholine; catecholamines ID BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; ANTICHOLINERGIC DRUGS; ACUTE NEUROPATHOLOGY; RAT HIPPOCAMPUS; POISONED RATS; NERVE AGENTS; TIME COURSE; DIAZEPAM; ACETYLCHOLINE; CONVULSIONS AB This study examined brain regional neurotransmitter level changes as a function of seizure duration following soman intoxication, Rats, implanted with cortical electrodes and pretreated with HI-6, received a convulsant dose of soman, At selected times after seizure onset the EEG recording electrodes were removed and the animal was killed, Spinal cord cholinesterase (ChE) activity was rapidly and maximally depressed, while brain acetylcholine (ACh) levels showed elevations as early as 3 min after soman treatment and reached significantly high levels at time of seizure onset. Norepinephrine (NE) levels decreased starting 5 min after seizure onset and continued to decline, Levels of dopamine (DA) and of its metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid were elevated as early as 5 min after seizure onset and thereafter, The brain levels of aspartate were markedly decreased at and after 20 min of seizures; levels of glutamate were depressed at 80 min in the cortex, Levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were significantly increased in the cortex starting at 20 min after seizure onset, and in the striatum and hippocampus at 80 min after onset, The levels of glutamine, glycine and taurine were not changed at any time studied, These findings are consistent with the notion that inhibition of ChE and elevation of ACh initiate the seizure process, resulting in secondary changes in DA turnover and release of NE, and later changes in excitatory (aspartate, glutamate) and inhibitory (GABA) amino acid transmitters. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. RP Shih, TM (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,DIV PHARMACOL,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010, USA. NR 65 TC 111 Z9 117 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 17 IS 4 BP 255 EP 264 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1263(199707)17:4<255::AID-JAT441>3.0.CO;2-D PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA XR715 UT WOS:A1997XR71500008 PM 9285539 ER PT J AU Netherland, MD Getsinger, KD Skogerboe, JD AF Netherland, MD Getsinger, KD Skogerboe, JD TI Mesocosm evaluation of the species-selective potential of fluridone SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Eurasian watermilfoil; herbicide selectivity; Sonar; aquatic herbicide; weed control ID EURASIAN WATERMILFOIL; HYDRILLA AB Fluridone {1-methyl-3-phenyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl]-4(1H)-pyridinone} was evaluated at rates of 0, 5, 10, and 20 mu g/L in 6,700-L outdoor mesocosm tanks for selective control of the exotic species Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L). Non-target species included elodea (Elodea canadensis Michaux), American pondweed (Potamogeton nodosus Poiret), sage pondweed (Potamogeton pectinatus L), and vallisneria (Vallisneria americana Michaux). Throughout the study, untreated mesocosms were dominated by Eurasian watermilfoil and elodea with limited growth of vallisneria and the two pondweed species. Fluridone treatments were conducted on April 23 and May 23 1995 to determine if plant growth stage affected species selectivity. Fluridone residues were monitored in water and target concentrations were achieved with a measured fluridone half-life of 33 days. The 5 mu g/L treatments in April (90 days of exposure) and May (60 days of exposure) reduced biomass of Eurasian watermilfoil by > 90% in late July while biomass of non-target species generally exceeded the levels of untreated reference plants. Treatments of 10 and 20 mu g/L also reduced Eurasian watermilfoil biomass by > 90%; however, these application rates also reduced growth several non-target species by > 90%. Chara (Chara spp.) and southern naiad (Najas guadalupensis (Sprengel) Magnus) propagules sprouted and attained high levels of biomass in mesocosms treated at 10 and 20 mu g/L. With the notable exception of vallisneria, plants exposed to 10 and 20 mu g/L in April (90 day exposure) did not show potential for recovery when placed in untreated water for 40 days. In contrast, when transferred to untreated water all species (with the exception of sage pondweed) exposed to 5, 10, and 20 mu g/L in May (60 day exposure) recovered significantly in comparison to plants that remained exposed to low concentrations of fluridone (1 to 4 mu g/L). Results suggest that fluridone can selectively control Eurasian watermilfoil; however, initial treatment rate, length of exposure, and initial biomass of the plants are key factors. The range of fluridone concentrations that provide selective control of Eurasian watermilfoil in a mixed plant community may be quite narrow. C1 USA,ENGINEER LEWISVILLE AQUAT ECOSYST RES FACIL,LEWISVILLE,TX 75057. RP Netherland, MD (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 12 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 5 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI CLERMONT PA PO BOX 121086, CLERMONT, FL 34712-1086 SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 35 BP 41 EP 50 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA YF961 UT WOS:A1997YF96100001 ER PT J AU Nelson, LS AF Nelson, LS TI Response of Hydrilla and American pondweed to flurprimidol SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE aquatic plant management; carbohydrates; Hydrilla verticillata; plant growth regulator; Potamogeton nodosus; TNC ID EURASIAN WATERMILFOIL; GROWTH; BLUEGRASS AB An outdoor mesocosm system was used to evaluate the growth regulator flurprimidol ([a-(1-methylethyl)-a-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-5-pyrimidine-methaanol]) as a potential management tool on hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata (L. f.) Royle) and American pondweed (Potamogeton nodosus Poiret). Treatments included single doses of flurprimidol at 100 and 200 mu g/L, a split application of 100 mu g/L, and untreated controls. Increasing contact time by applying a split treatment of flurprimidol was more effective for suppressing plant growth than applying flurprimidol as a single dose. The split application reduced shoot length and biomass by 69 and 50%, respectively, for hydrilla, and 34 and 86%, respectively, for American pondweed, at 12 weeks after treatment (WAT). Flurprimidol-inhibited American pondweed shoots had 84% lower total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) than untreated plants at 6 WAT, whereas hydrilla had 80% less shoot TNC at 12 WAT. This information will be useful for assessing the susceptibility of target and nontarget aquatic plants to flurprimidol. RP Nelson, LS (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI CLERMONT PA PO BOX 121086, CLERMONT, FL 34712-1086 SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 35 BP 50 EP 54 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA YF961 UT WOS:A1997YF96100002 ER PT J AU Madsen, JD Smith, DH AF Madsen, JD Smith, DH TI Vegetative spread of Eurasian watermilfoil colonies SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE autofragmentation; fragmentation; stolen; vegetative reproduction; clonal reproduction; Myriophyllum spicatum ID LAKE; ECOLOGY AB Colonies of Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) expand via stolen and fragment production. Clonal expansion primarily by stolons provides Eurasian watermilfoil with a means of localized spread, while intermediate distance expansion is provided by fragment production. These mechanisms of spread were studied in outdoor ponds at Lewisville, Texas, and the results were compared to a 1987 Lake George, New York study. In both studies, the predominant mechanism of vegetative propagation was stolen production. In the southern study, stolen production accounted for 74% of areal expansion while fragments accounted for 26%. Although plant establishment in new quadrats by fragments was not as successful an expansion strategy as stolons, this study determined that 46% of the fragments which settled onto the substrate successfully established and thus provided the species with a significant mechanism for a more rapid rate of population expansion. C1 USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,LEWISVILLE AQUAT ECOSYST RES FACIL RR 3,LEWISVILLE,TX 75056. RP Madsen, JD (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,CEWES ES P 3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 8 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 13 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI CLERMONT PA PO BOX 121086, CLERMONT, FL 34712-1086 SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 35 BP 63 EP 68 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA YF961 UT WOS:A1997YF96100005 ER PT J AU Ussery, TA Eakin, HL Payne, BS Miller, AC Barko, JW AF Ussery, TA Eakin, HL Payne, BS Miller, AC Barko, JW TI Effects of benthic barriers on aquatic habitat conditions and macroinvertebrate communities SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE aquatic invertebrates; Chironomidae; aquatic plant control; Bottom Line(TM) Benthic Barrier Fabric; bottom screens; reduced dissolved oxygen; sediments ID MACROPHYTES; WISCONSIN; ABUNDANCE; SAMPLER; WATER; LAKES AB Physical and chemical conditions of sediments and benthic community composition were evaluated under synthetic fabric barriers, used to control aquatic macrophytes in confined areas. Macroinvertebrate density declined by 69% within 4 weeks at Eau Galle Reservoir, WI. Within a few weeks of placement at ponds near Dallas, TX, invertebrate densities declined by more than 90%. At Eau Galle Reservoir, benthic barriers apparently blocked sedimentation and caused an increase in NH4 and a decline in dissolved oxygen to near zero beneath the fabric. Barriers reduced macroinvertebrate taxa richness at both locations. Community effects were most severe in warm water; Chironomidae was eliminated by barriers at the Texas ponds. Barriers substantially reduced macroinvertebrate density and altered community composition; however, biotic conditions in affected areas recovered rapidly after barrier removal. C1 USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,EAU GALLE AQUAT ECOL LAB,SPRING VALLEY,WI 54767. USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. RP Ussery, TA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,DEPT BIOL,POB 19498,ARLINGTON,TX 76019, USA. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI CLERMONT PA PO BOX 121086, CLERMONT, FL 34712-1086 SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 35 BP 69 EP 73 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA YF961 UT WOS:A1997YF96100006 ER PT J AU Chow, TM Liu, JH Piwoni, M Adrian, NR AF Chow, TM Liu, JH Piwoni, M Adrian, NR TI Analysis of the transformation of nitroaromatic compounds in wastewater by bacteria using micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography SO JOURNAL OF CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Biennial International Conference on Chemical Measurement and Monitoring of the Environment (EnviroAnalysis 96) CY MAY 13-16, 1996 CL OTTAWA, CANADA DE nitroaromatic explosives; MECC; CE; munition wastewaters; biodegradation; TNT; amino-nitrotoluenes AB A rapid micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatographic method is described for the analysis of nitroaromatic and nitramine explosives using sodium dodecyl sulfate-borate buffer with application to analyze specifically the biodegradation products of trinitrotoluene. The method is fast, inexpensive, offers better resolution, and saves on the consumption of organic solvents used in a comparable reversed-phase HPLC method. C1 Illinois Waste Management Res & Informat Ctr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU I S C TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS, INC PI SHELTON PA 30 CONTROLS DR, BOX 828, SHELTON, CT 06484-0828 USA SN 1079-5383 J9 J CAPILLARY ELECTROP JI J. Capillary Electrophor. PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 4 IS 4 BP 189 EP 194 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Electrochemistry SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Electrochemistry GA ZR291 UT WOS:000073959400007 PM 9627835 ER PT J AU Li, J Lee, SM Lee, EW OBrien, TK AF Li, J Lee, SM Lee, EW OBrien, TK TI Evaluation of the edge crack torsion (ECT) test for mode III interlaminar fracture toughness of laminated composites SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE composite materials; fracture toughness; delamination; compliance calibration; three-dimensional finite element analysis; strain energy release rate AB An analytical and experimental investigation was carried out on G40-800/R6376 graphite/epoxy laminates to evaluate the edge crack torsion (ECT) test as a candidate for a standard Mode III interlaminar fracture toughness test for laminated composites. The ECT rest consists of a [90/(+/-45)(3)/(-/+45)(3)/90](s) laminate with a delamination introduced by a non-adhesive film at the mid-plane along one edge and loaded in a special fixture to create torsion along the length of the laminate. Dye penetrant enhanced X-radiograph of failed specimens revealed that the delamination initiated at the middle of the specimen length and propagated in a self-similar manner along the laminate midplane. A three-dimensional finite element analysis was performed that indicated that a pure Mode III delamination exists at the middle of specimen length away from both ends. At the ends near the loading point a small Mode II component exists. However, the magnitude of this Mode II strain energy release rate at the loading point is small compared to the magnitude of Mode III component in the mid-section of the specimen. Hence, the ECT test yielded the desired Mode HII delamination. The Mode III fracture toughness was obtained from a compliance calibration method that was in good agreement with the finite element results. Mode Il end-notched flexure (ENF) tests and Mode I double cantilever beam (DCB) tests were also performed for the same composite material. The Mode I fracture toughness is much smaller than bath the Mode II and Mode III fracture toughness, The Mode II fracture toughness is found to be 75% of the Mode III fracture toughness. C1 BELL HELICOPTER TEXTRON,FT WORTH,TX 76101. USA,RES LAB,VEHICLE STRUCT DIRECTORATE,NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,HAMPTON,VA 23681. HEXCEL COMPOSITES,MAT SCI,DUBLIN,CA 94568. RP Li, J (reprint author), MCDONNELL DOUGLAS HELICOPTER CO,5000 E MCDOWELL RD,MESA,AZ 85215, USA. NR 8 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0884-6804 J9 J COMPOS TECH RES JI J. Compos. Technol. Res. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 19 IS 3 BP 174 EP 183 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA XV545 UT WOS:A1997XV54500006 ER PT J AU Rao, GN Grobler, F Ganeshan, R AF Rao, GN Grobler, F Ganeshan, R TI Interconnected component applications for AEC software development SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB The writers expect a surge in interest in computerized management information and decision support systems in the architecture, engineering, and construction industry. This trend is nourished by the need for more effective computer support and given momentum by the development of computer tools that facilitate increasing participation from end users, An interconnected component application (ICA), the integration of off-the-shelf software to create customized applications, is introduced and discussed as an alternative route to providing innovative information system solutions. Such applications promise to be modular, flexible, and relatively inexpensive, yet rapid in development, This paper is devoted to the background and technologies supporting ICAs, key elements to implement an ICA, key planning and design guidelines for developing ICA applications, and a description of how user development is accomplished. Two case studies of ICAs developed by the writers are reported, followed by analyses and conclusions. C1 USA,CONSTRUCT ENGN RES LAB,DIV ENGN PROC,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61826. UNIV SO CALIF,IMPACT LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. USA,CONSTRUCT ENGN RES LAB,FAC MANAGEMENT DIV,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61824. RP Rao, GN (reprint author), IMPACT FORECASTING LLC,230 W MONROE ST,CHICAGO,IL 60606, USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0887-3801 J9 J COMPUT CIVIL ENG JI J. Comput. Civil. Eng. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 11 IS 3 BP 154 EP 164 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3801(1997)11:3(154) PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Civil SC Computer Science; Engineering GA XF547 UT WOS:A1997XF54700004 ER PT J AU Earls, CJ Galambos, TV AF Earls, CJ Galambos, TV TI Design recommendations for equal leg single angle flexural members SO JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTIONAL STEEL RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Current design specifications do not address issues of compactness and bracing requirements for use in the plastic analysis and design of single angle flexural members. The research described herein employs experimentally verified nonlinear finite element analysis techniques, implemented on supercomputer hardware platforms, for the development of equal leg single angle compactness and bracing requirements. Four common flexural orientations are investigated. Geometric and material nonlinearities are considered in the models, as are the effects of residual stresses. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,MINNEAPOLIS,MN. RP Earls, CJ (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,DEPT CIVIL ENGN & MECH,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 12 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0143-974X J9 J CONSTR STEEL RES JI J. Constr. Steel. Res. PD JUL-SEP PY 1997 VL 43 IS 1-3 BP 65 EP 85 DI 10.1016/S0143-974X(97)00029-1 PG 21 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA YE876 UT WOS:A1997YE87600004 ER PT J AU Qi, SY AF Qi, SY TI Clarification of clean-bed filtration models SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Editorial Material RP Qi, SY (reprint author), USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,CONSTRUCT ENGN RES LAB,CECER,UL,I,POB 9005,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61826, USA. RI Qi, Shaoying/A-2837-2008 NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD JUL PY 1997 VL 123 IS 7 BP 729 EP 730 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1997)123:7(729) PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA XF801 UT WOS:A1997XF80100024 ER PT J AU Landry, FJ Kroenke, K Lucas, C Reeder, J AF Landry, FJ Kroenke, K Lucas, C Reeder, J TI Increasing the use of advance directives in medical outpatients SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE advance directives; living wills ID CONTROLLED TRIAL; COMPLETION; PATIENT; CARE AB OBJECTIVE: We studied whether a simple educational intervention would increase patient completion of advance directives and discussions on end-of-life issues. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled trial. SETTING: Outpatient clinic of a teaching hospital. SUBJECTS: One hundred eighty-seven outpatients of a primary care internal medicine clinic. INTERVENTION: Study subjects attended a 1-hour interactive seminar and received an informational pamphlet and advance directive forms. Control subjects received by mail the pamphlet and forms only. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Completion of the advance directive was the main measurement. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics of either group, Follow-up at 1 month revealed advance directive completion in 38% of study versus 24% of control subjects (p = .04), and discussions on advance planning in 73% of study versus 57% of control subjects (p =.02), Patients most likely to complete the documents were white, married, or attendees at the educational seminar. CONCLUSIONS: Interactive group seminars for medical outpatients increased discussions and use of written advance directives. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 13 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 12 IS 7 BP 412 EP 415 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.1997.00072.x PG 4 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA XK257 UT WOS:A1997XK25700003 PM 9229279 ER PT J AU Castric, PA Cassels, FJ AF Castric, PA Cassels, FJ TI Peptide epitope mapping in vaccine development: Introduction SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1996 Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Industrial-Microbiology CY AUG 04-08, 1996 CL RES TRIANGLE PK, NC SP Soc Ind Microbiol DE linear epitopes; peptide vaccine; pili; B cell epitopes; PEPSCAN ID RESOLUTION AB Protection from infectious disease by the host immune response requires specific molecular recognition of unique antigenic determinants of a given pathogen, An epitope is an antigenic determinant which: 1) specifically stimulates the immune response (either B or T cell mediated); and 2) is acted upon by the products of these protective mechanisms, In B cell immunity, antibodies produced from stimulation by specific epitopes recognize and bind to these same antigenic structures, Identification of protective epitopes is extremely valuable to successful vaccine development, In order to be protective these antibodies must, in addition to recognition and binding, interfere with some vital step in pathogenesis such as adherence or toxin action, Protein B cell epitopes are frequently composed of the side chains (R-groups) of the amino acids found at solvent-exposed surfaces. These epitopes are classified as continuous(also linear or sequential) if composed of a single antibody-recognizing element located at a single locus of the primary structure, They are discontinuous (or assembled) if more than one physically separated entity is involved, T cell epitopes are peptides on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells) that are bound to major histocompatibility proteins; the T cell recognizes this peptide-MHC complex. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT GASTROENTEROL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Castric, PA (reprint author), DUQUESNE UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,PITTSBURGH,PA 15282, USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 0169-4146 J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 19 IS 1 BP 56 EP 57 DI 10.1038/sj.jim.2900377 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA XR177 UT WOS:A1997XR17700010 PM 9281852 ER PT J AU LoomisPrice, LD Levi, M Burnett, PR vanHamont, JE Shafer, RA Wahren, B Birx, DL AF LoomisPrice, LD Levi, M Burnett, PR vanHamont, JE Shafer, RA Wahren, B Birx, DL TI Linear epitope mapping of humoral responses induced by vaccination with recombinant HIV-1 envelope protein gp160 SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1996 Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Industrial-Microbiology CY AUG 04-08, 1996 CL RES TRIANGLE PK, NC SP Soc Ind Microbiol DE HIV vaccines; HIV antibodies; gp120; gp41; Pepscan; statistical data analysis ID B-CELL EPITOPES; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; INFECTED LABORATORY WORKERS; PEPTIDE-SYNTHESIS; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; AMINO-ACID; STRATEGIES; SEQUENCE; THERAPY AB To enhance utility of the linear epitope mapping (Pepscan) technique for assay of humoral responses linked to vaccination, two modifications were tested, First, peptides were incubated with serum contained in baths rather than individual wells, Second, a rigorous statistical model was developed to determine which peptide/antibody-binding interactions were significant, The modifications increased the ability to detect signal in these experiments by 15-to 45-fold, These two modifications were applied to linear epitope mapping of HIV seropositive volunteers under treatment with recombinant HIV gp160 and also to rabbits immunized with the same product, Changes in fine specificity of response were observed in animal models and human vaccine recipients over the course of an immunization series with this antigen. C1 SWEDISH INST INFECT DIS,STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. KAROLINSKA INST,STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. USA,DENT RES DETACHMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. RP LoomisPrice, LD (reprint author), HENRY M JACKSON FDN,HIV LAB,13 TAFT COURT,SUITE 200,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 0169-4146 J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 19 IS 1 BP 58 EP 65 DI 10.1038/sj.jim.2900410 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA XR177 UT WOS:A1997XR17700011 PM 9281853 ER PT J AU Cassels, FJ Jarboe, DL Reid, RH Lees, A Deal, CD AF Cassels, FJ Jarboe, DL Reid, RH Lees, A Deal, CD TI Linear epitopes of colonization factor antigen I and peptide vaccine approach to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1996 Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Industrial-Microbiology CY AUG 04-08, 1996 CL RES TRIANGLE PK, NC SP Soc Ind Microbiol DE linear epitopes; colonization factors; enterotoxigenic E-coli; peptide vaccine ID CELL EPITOPE; SEQUENCE; RESPONSES; CHALLENGE; CFA/I AB Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) cause diarrhea in infants and in travelers to developing countries, The bacteria utilize colonization factors (CF) for adherence to intestinal epithelia, then release toxins causing diarrhea, CF are strong immunogens as well as protective antigens, While 20 ETEC CF have been described in the literature, 11 CF are prominent enough to be considered for vaccine targeting, Of this group, six of the members fall into the CFA/I family of CF, Geysen pin (peptide) linear epitope analysis demonstrated that three regions containing linear epitopes exist in CFA/I, and that both B-and T-cell linear epitopes of CFA/I were concentrated at the N-terminus of the protein, We have determined N-terminal sequence of the CFA/I family members not previously sequenced, Comparison of the protein sequence of the six members of the family showed a strong homology up to residue 36, A peptide of 36 amino acids representing a consensus of the six sequences was synthesized and used to immunize animals, The antibody induced to the peptide was reactive to the peptide as well as cross-reactive to each member of the CFA/I family in Western blots, In addition, this antibody agglutinated three of the six members of the CFA/I family when added to whole cells expressing the native CF, We are currently evaluating different carriers and conjugation methods to maximize production of high titer, agglutinating antibody, It is hoped that this and related research will result in an effective and inexpensive cross-reactive and cross-protective ETEC vaccine. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BACTERIAL DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. VIR SYST INC,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. RP Cassels, FJ (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT GASTROENTEROL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 0169-4146 J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 19 IS 1 BP 66 EP 70 DI 10.1038/sj.jim.2900416 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA XR177 UT WOS:A1997XR17700012 PM 9281854 ER PT J AU Genega, SG AF Genega, SG TI Leadership is essential to managing success SO JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0742-597X J9 J MANAGE ENG JI J. Manage. Eng. PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 13 IS 4 BP 22 EP 23 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0742-597X(1997)13:4(22) PG 2 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA XF562 UT WOS:A1997XF56200019 ER PT J AU Farr, JV Walesh, SG Forsythe, GB AF Farr, JV Walesh, SG Forsythe, GB TI Leadership development for engineering managers SO JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Many recent reports from business and industry list leadership as one of the areas that must be shaped by engineering curricula to meet the needs of a modem industrial society. Also, a recurring theme from American business and industry is that leadership must emerge at all levels if we are to maintain our competitive edge. Because of the changing nature of modern engineering, young technical or staff engineers must grow into leadership roles faster than their predecessors. Thus, some type of formal leader development process must be incorporated into engineering education programs along with on-the-job training to respond to the changing nature of the engineering profession. This paper presents a framework for defining those key leadership qualities that are relevant to engineers. This framework can be used by engineers to assess and refine their skills as part of the leadership development process. Recommendations are presented that engineers can use throughout their professional careers to improve their leadership abilities. RP Farr, JV (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,DEPT SYST ENGN,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 12 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0742-597X J9 J MANAGE ENG JI J. Manage. Eng. PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 13 IS 4 BP 38 EP 41 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0742-597X(1997)13:4(38) PG 4 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA XF562 UT WOS:A1997XF56200023 ER PT J AU Swain, MV Perry, AJ Treglio, JR Elkind, A Demaree, JD AF Swain, MV Perry, AJ Treglio, JR Elkind, A Demaree, JD TI Influence of implantation of heavy metallic ions on the mechanical properties of two polymers, polystyrene and polyethylene terephthalate SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POLYESTER FILMS; WEAR PROPERTIES; INDENTATION; PERFORMANCE; HARDNESS; BEAM AB Ion implantation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polystyrene (PS) with various high energy metallic ions at 70 kV and a dose of 3 x 10(16) ions/cm(2) has been made. Measurements of the mechanical properties of the polymers before and after implantation have been made with an ultra microindentation system using both pointed and a small (2 mu m) radius spherical-tipped indenter. The surface regions were also investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Rutherford backscattering (RBS). Significant differences have been observed between the Ti-B dual-implanted surfaces and those of the Au and W implanted surfaces. For both the PET and PS, the resistance to indenter penetration at very low loads was much greater for the Ti-B dual-implanted surfaces, The estimated maximum hardness and modulus of the implanted materials were 0.3 and 8 GPa for the PET material and 1.4 and 16 GPa for the PS material. The results obtained with the spherical indenter show a gradual decline in effective modulus of the surface with penetration depth, whereas the hardness or contact pressure goes through a maximum before declining asymptotically to the bulk values. The values of hardness estimated for the spherical-tipped indenter are somewhat more conservative than the optimistic estimates with the Berkovich indenter. The improved increase in hardness for the Ti-B dual-implanted PET material scales with the RBS measured increased depth of implantation. C1 UNIV SYDNEY,DEPT MECH & MECHATRON ENGN,SYDNEY,NSW 2006,AUSTRALIA. ISM TECHNOL INC,SAN DIEGO,CA 92131. USA,RES LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WATERTOWN,MA 02172. RP Swain, MV (reprint author), CSIRO,DIV APPL PHYS,LINDFIELD,NSW 2070,AUSTRALIA. NR 25 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 12 IS 7 BP 1917 EP 1926 DI 10.1557/JMR.1997.0262 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA XJ194 UT WOS:A1997XJ19400035 ER PT J AU Sandler, S AF Sandler, S TI Black soldier, white army: The 24th infantry regiment in Korea - Bowers,WT, Hammond,WM, MacGarrigle,G SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review RP Sandler, S (reprint author), US ARMY SPECIAL OPERAT COMMAND,FT BRAGG,NC, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 61 IS 3 BP 647 EP 648 DI 10.2307/2954072 PG 2 WC History SC History GA XM165 UT WOS:A1997XM16500043 ER PT J AU Webright, WG Randolph, BL Perrin, DH AF Webright, WG Randolph, BL Perrin, DH TI Comparison of nonballistic active knee extension in neural slump position and static stretch techniques on hamstring flexibility SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE neural tension; stretch; active knee extension test; hamstrings ID HIP FLEXION; MUSCLE; RANGE; RELIABILITY AB Nonballistic, active range of motion exercises have been advocated as more effective than static stretching for increasing range of motion, yet no published data exist to suppert this claim. This study compared the effect of nonballistic, repetitive active knee extension movements performed in a neural slump sitting position with static stretching technique on hamstring flexibility Forty healthy, adult volunteer subjects with limited right hamstring flexibility tie., minimum of 15 degrees loss of active knee extension measured with femur held at 90 degrees of hip flexion) were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Group 1 (static stretch) performed a 30-second stretch twice daily. Group 2 (active stretch) performed 30 repetitions of active knee extension while sitting in a neural slump position twice daily. Group 3 served as a control. Hamstring flexibility was determined by an active knee extension test before and after 6 weeks of stretching. Goniometric measurement of knee joint flexion angle was obtained from videotape recording of the active knee extension test. A 3 (group) x 2 (test) repeated measures analysis of variance and subsequent Tukey post hoc testing revealed no significant difference in knee joint range of motion gains between the static ((X) over bar = 8.9 degrees) and active stretch ((X) over bar = 10.2 degrees). Both stretch groups' knee joint range of motion improved significantly (p < .05) more than the control group. We conclude that 6 weeks of nonballistic, repetitive active knee extensions (30 repetitions, twice daily) performed in a neural slump sitting position improves hamstring flexibility in uninjured subjects, but is no different compared with static stretching (30 seconds, twice daily). C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,PHYS THERAPY SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Webright, WG (reprint author), UNIV VIRGINIA,CURRY SCH EDUC,DEPT HUMAN SERV,PROGRAM AREA HLTH & PHYS EDUC,MEM GYM,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903, USA. NR 33 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 26 IS 1 BP 7 EP 13 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA XF797 UT WOS:A1997XF79700002 PM 9201636 ER PT J AU Yakimov, MM Amro, MM Bock, M Boseker, K Fredrickson, HL Kessel, DG Timmis, KN AF Yakimov, MM Amro, MM Bock, M Boseker, K Fredrickson, HL Kessel, DG Timmis, KN TI The potential of Bacillus licheniformis strains for in situ enhanced oil recovery SO JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE microbially enhanced oil recovery (MEOR); in situ growth and metabolism; Bacillus licheniformis; extracellular aerobic and anaerobic polymer production; core flood tests ID BACTERIA; THERMOTOLERANT; BIOSURFACTANT; HALOTOLERANT; SUBTILIS; REMOVAL; GROWTH; BAS50 AB The ability of microorganisms isolated from oil reservoirs to increase oil recovery by in situ growth and metabolism following the injection of laboratory grown microbial cells and nutrients were studied. Four strains isolated from Northern German oil reservoirs at depths of 866 to 1520 m, and identified as Bacillus licheniformis, were characterized taxonomically and physiologically. All strains grew on a variety of substrates at temperatures of up to 55 degrees C and at salinities of up to 12% NaCl. Extracellular polymer production occurred both aerobically and anaerobically over a wide range of temperatures, pressures and salinities, though it was optimal at temperatures around 50 degrees C and at salinities between 5 and 10% NaCl. Strain BNP29 was able to produce significant amounts of biomass, polymer, fermentation alcohols and acids in batch culture experiments under simulated reservoir conditions. Oil recovery (core flooding) experiments with strain BNP29 and a sucrose-based nutrient were performed with lime-free and lime-containing, oil-bearing sandstone cores. Oil recovery efficiencies varied from 9.3 to 22.1% of the water flood residual oil saturation. Biogenic acid production that accompanied oil production, along with selective plugging, are important mechanisms leading to increased oil recovery, presumably through resulting changes in rock porosity and alteration of wettability. These data show that strain BNP29 exhibits potential for the development of enhanced oil recovery processes. C1 GERMAN PETR INST, CLAUSTHAL ZELLERFELD, GERMANY. FED INST GEOSCI & NAT RESOURCES, BGR, D-3000 HANNOVER, GERMANY. USAGE, ENVIRONM LAB, WATERWAYS EXPT STN, VICKSBURG, MS USA. RP Yakimov, MM (reprint author), GBF, NATL RES CTR BIOTECHNOL, MICROBIAL ECOL GRP, DIV MICROBIOL, MASCHERODER WEG 1, D-38124 BRAUNSCHWEIG, GERMANY. OI Yakimov, Michail/0000-0003-1418-363X NR 35 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-4105 J9 J PETROL SCI ENG JI J. Pet. Sci. Eng. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 18 IS 1-2 BP 147 EP 160 DI 10.1016/S0920-4105(97)00015-6 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA XV168 UT WOS:A1997XV16800012 ER PT J AU Tortella, FC Rose, J Robles, L Moreton, JE Hughes, J Hunter, JC AF Tortella, FC Rose, J Robles, L Moreton, JE Hughes, J Hunter, JC TI EEG spectral analysis of the neuroprotective kappa opioids enadoline and PD117302 SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID POWER SPECTRA; RECEPTOR AGONIST; SELECTIVE AGONIST; CORTICAL EEG; CI-977; RATS; NALOXONE; MORPHINE; PHENCYCLIDINE; PRETREATMENT AB The present study characterized the electroencephalographic (EEG) effects of the neuroprotective kappa opioids enadoline and PD117302 in conscious, freely moving rats with the use of computer-assisted spectral analysis (CASA). Enadoline (25-100 mu g/kg) or PD117302 (1.25-5.0 mg/kg) was administered intravenously to rats implanted with cortical EEG electrodes. Although both drugs produced an immediate, mild sedation, there were no signs of head-weaving or ataxia, and there was little visual evidence of opioid-like EEG slow-wave bursts or seizures. Both drugs produced only modest increases in total EEG power that were not dose dependent. In contrast, CASA revealed significant dose-dependent frequency shifts in relative power distributions, thereby identifying distinct kappa opioid alterations in awake EEG activity; EEG power decreased in the 0- to 4-Hz frequency band with concomitant increases in power measured in the 4- to 8-Hz frequency range. The kappa opioids produced a dose-dependent consolidation of the EEG waveform centered about a peak frequency of 5.0 Hz (for enadoline) or 4.8 Hz (for PD117302) and a significant shift in the mean EEG frequency from 6.6 Hz (predrug) to 6.2 Hz (postdrug). Further CASA revealed significant postdrug decreases in the edge frequency, mobility and complexity of the EEG. Both drugs produced moderate increases in the latency to slow-wave sleep (SWS). Overall, enadoline (ED50 = 18 mu g/kg) was similar to 94 times more potent than PD117302 (ED50 = 1690 mu g/kg) in producing the kappa EEG profile. Because the kappa-induced EEG changes were stereospecific for the (-)-enantiomers and inhibited by norbinaltorphimine (nor-BNI), the EEG ''fingerprint'' described in this study could be attributed to specific activation of brain kappa opioid receptors. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,SCH PHARM,DEPT PHARMACEUT SCI,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. PARKE DAVIS & CO,CTR RES NEUROSCI,CAMBRIDGE CB1 5EF,ENGLAND. RP Tortella, FC (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT NEUROPHARMACOL & MOL BIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 45 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 282 IS 1 BP 286 EP 293 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA XK159 UT WOS:A1997XK15900034 PM 9223566 ER PT J AU Dipert, RR AF Dipert, RR TI The mathematical structure of the world: The world as graph SO JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Marvin Farber Conference on the Metaphysics and Epistemology of Relations CY SEP, 1994 CL SUNY, BUFFALO, BUFFALO, NY HO SUNY, BUFFALO RP Dipert, RR (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 55 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU J PHILOSOPHY INC PI NEW YORK PA COLUMBIA UNIV 709 PHILOSOPHY HALL, NEW YORK, NY 10027 SN 0022-362X J9 J PHILOS JI J. Philos. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 94 IS 7 BP 329 EP 358 DI 10.2307/2564553 PG 30 WC Philosophy SC Philosophy GA XH686 UT WOS:A1997XH68600001 ER PT J AU Delatte, NJ AF Delatte, NJ TI Failure case studies and ethics in engineering mechanics courses SO JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article AB Often, engineering students do not study engineering failures or discuss ethics until they take upper division undergraduate courses or graduate level courses. One drawback to this approach is that problems analyzed in introductory courses are often contrived, uninteresting, and bear little relation to the problems encountered in engineering practice. At the point when educators need to grab the student's interest in engineering most, they should show the excitement and relevance of the profession. Another is that the students encounter the issues of ethics, responsibility, and accountability that are often highlighted by a failure, late in their engineering education. As a result, they may see these issues as secondary to engineering practice rather than fundamentally embedded. Examples of failure case studies and their incorporation into introductory engineering mechanics courses are discussed, along with ethical implications. When possible, problems should be selected so that the students can perform the calculations. By incorporating this material earlier in engineering education, it is possible to forge a stronger link between engineering education and practice. RP Delatte, NJ (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,DEPT CIVIL ENGN & MECH,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. RI Delatte, Norbert/K-5095-2012; OI Delatte, Norbert/0000-0002-1811-4335 NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 1052-3928 J9 J PROF ISS ENG ED PR JI J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 123 IS 3 BP 111 EP 116 PG 6 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA XF537 UT WOS:A1997XF53700004 ER PT J AU Hallit, REA Hawk, CW Allan, BD Logan, N AF Hallit, REA Hawk, CW Allan, BD Logan, N TI Compatibility of gelled inhibited red fuming nitric acid with aluminum alloys SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE 31st Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit CY JUL 10-12, 1995 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP AIAA, ASME, SAE, ASEE AB This paper presents data obtained from electrochemical methods, weight loss studies, and surface studies to determine compatibility of gelled inhibited red fuming nitric acid (IRFNA) with aluminum alloys. Comparisons are presented between liquid IRFNA and gelled IRFNA with and without added inhibitor (P4O10). The 1100 and 2014 aluminum alloys behave in a similar fashion when exposed to gelled IRFNA, based upon the weight loss investigations. The addition of phosphoric oxide is beneficial with the 1100 Al systems according to the electrochemical results. However, the weight loss data suggest that the gels are satisfactory without added P4O10, especially when compared to a liquid IRFNA system, The x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows that the fluorine from the hydrofluoric acid inhibitor in IRFNA is not consumed entirely by the silica gelling agent, and is available to the metal surface as in gel systems without P4O10. Aluminum, silicon, and phosphorous will compete for the fluorine present in the systems with added inhibitor. In general, all corrosion rates are small and decrease with time. These rates appear acceptable for long-term storage of gelled IRFNA; they are consistent with the storage of IRFNA in the field. C1 USA,MISSILE COMMAND,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35898. UNIV ALABAMA,PROP RES LAB,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35899. UNIV NOTTINGHAM,NOTTINGHAM NG7 2RD,ENGLAND. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 13 IS 4 BP 481 EP 487 DI 10.2514/2.5209 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA XL152 UT WOS:A1997XL15200004 ER PT J AU Moore, JJ Palazzolo, AB Gadangi, RK Kascak, AF Brown, G Montague, G AF Moore, JJ Palazzolo, AB Gadangi, RK Kascak, AF Brown, G Montague, G TI Hybrid friction-impact vibration damper for cryogenic rotating machinery SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article AB A hybrid friction-impact rotordynamic damper has been designed and tested in a high-speed rotordynamic test rig for application to rocket engine turbopumps operating at cryogenic temperatures, such as the high-pressure oxygen and fuel turbopumps used in the Space Shuttle Main Engines. Test results have shown the impact damper to be effective at larger amplitudes and higher frequencies, whereas the friction damper is effective at lower amplitudes and frequencies. Together, the hybrid damper offers good performance over a wide range of operating conditions. A friction damper design methodology is presented and applied to the experimental test rig. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. NASA,LEWIS RES CTR,USA,CLEVELAND,OH 44135. NASA,LEWIS RES CTR,DYNAM BRANCH,STRUCT GRP,CLEVELAND,OH 44135. NASA,LEWIS RES CTR,NYMA,CLEVELAND,OH 44135. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 13 IS 4 BP 495 EP 501 DI 10.2514/2.5211 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA XL152 UT WOS:A1997XL15200006 ER PT J AU Welch, GE AF Welch, GE TI Macroscopic balance model for wave rotors SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA 34th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit CY JAN 15-19, 1996 CL RENO, NV SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut AB A mathematical model for wave rotors is described, The wave processes that affect energy exchange within the rotor passages are modeled using one-dimensional gasdynamics. Macroscopic balances relate volume-averaged thermodynamic properties in the rotor passage control volume to the mass, momentum, and energy fluxes at the ports, Simple loss models are used to estimate entropy production in boundary layers and in separating flows caused by blade-blockage, incidence, and the gradual opening and closing of rotor passages, The mathematical model provides a basis for designing port and rotor geometry, and for predicting design-point wave rotor performance, Model predictions are evaluated through comparisons with computational fluid dynamics calculations and three-port wave rotor experimental data, A four-port wave rotor design example is provided to demonstrate model applicability, The modeling approach is amenable to wave rotor optimization studies and rapid assessment of the tradeoffs associated with integrating wave rotors into gas turbine engine systems. RP Welch, GE (reprint author), NASA,LEWIS RES CTR,USA,RES LAB,VEHICLE TECHNOL CTR,21000 BROOKPARK RD,M-S 77-6,CLEVELAND,OH 44135, USA. NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 13 IS 4 BP 508 EP 516 DI 10.2514/2.5213 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA XL152 UT WOS:A1997XL15200008 ER PT J AU Agar, JR Cameron, SM Hughbanks, JC Parker, MH AF Agar, JR Cameron, SM Hughbanks, JC Parker, MH TI Cement removal from restorations luted to titanium abutments with simulated subgingival margins SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Prosthodontics CY MAY, 1995 CL TUCSON, AZ SP Acad Prosthodont ID PLASTIC INSTRUMENTS; SURFACE; PLAQUE; METAL AB Statement of problem, The process of removing excess cement from subgingival margins after cementation of restorations to implant abutments may lead to scratching of the abutments or incomplete cement removal. Purpose, The purpose of this study was to investigate and to compare the surfaces of abutments after the removal of three cements (glass ionomer, resin, and zinc phosphate) by use of three instruments (gold coated scaler, rigid plastic scaler, and stainless steel explorer). Material and methods. Sis investigators removed zinc phosphate, glass ionomer, and resin cements with explorers, gold coated scalers, and rigid plastic scalers with a model simulating clinical conditions. The surface of Branemark abutments with cemented restorations were examined with a microscope at 20x for scratches and cement remnants. Results, Statistical analysis of the results were inconclusive about which combination of instrument and cement worked most effectively. Conclusion. A surprising amount of cement remnants and scratching of abutments was observed. Although the six investigators were experienced in prosthodontic and implant procedures, there was variation in the results of their cement removal. C1 USA,DENT ACTIV,FT GORDON,GA 30905. HANAU DENT CLIN COMMAND,HANAU,GERMANY. RP Agar, JR (reprint author), UNIV CONNECTICUT,SCH DENT MED,DEPT PROSTHODONT,CTR HLTH,263 FARMINGTON AVE,FARMINGTON,CT 06032, USA. NR 10 TC 95 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 78 IS 1 BP 43 EP 47 DI 10.1016/S0022-3913(97)70086-6 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA XK462 UT WOS:A1997XK46200008 PM 9237145 ER PT J AU Guidos, BJ AF Guidos, BJ TI Navier-Stokes computations of pinned kinetic energy projectile base flow SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference CY AUG 07-10, 1995 CL BALTIMORE, MD SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut ID SCHEME AB A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study of finned kinetic energy projectile base flow is presented for supersonic flight conditions. A parabolized Navier-Stokes technique is used to compute the attached flow over the forebody and fins. An unsteady Navier-Stokes technique is then used to compute the Bow in the base region. The modeling approach and computational requirements of the problem are discussed. Base pressures from several CFD solutions at Mach numbers 3, 4, and 5 are presented, and the computed zero-yaw drag coefficients are compared with range-acquired values. Two-dimensional flow visualization of the computed base Bow structure for one case is presented, indicating the extent and shape of the separated flow region. No flow axisymmetry exists in the base region, and the Bow structure bears little resemblance to those of axisymmetric configurations at zero angle of attack. RP Guidos, BJ (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,AERODYNAM BRANCH,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005, USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 34 IS 4 BP 471 EP 477 DI 10.2514/2.3260 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA XP929 UT WOS:A1997XP92900009 ER PT J AU Gibson, PW Elsaiid, AE Kendrick, CE Rivin, D Charmchi, M AF Gibson, PW Elsaiid, AE Kendrick, CE Rivin, D Charmchi, M TI A test method to determine the relative humidity dependence of the air permeability of woven textile fabrics SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE air permeability; diffusion; mass transfer; textiles; test methods; permeation; woven fabric ID FLOW AB This paper describes a test method used to determine the relative humidity dependence of the air permeability of hygroscopic woven textile fabrics. Changes in fabric structure as hygroscopic fibers swell at high humidities can have a large influence on the measured air permeability of materials such as cotton, wool, silk, and nylon fabrics. The method is sensitive enough to show sorption hysteresis effects in the relative humidity versus air permeability curve. The instrumentation also permits dynamic measurements during a step change in relative humidity. Typical results are shown for seven fabrics, covering a range of fiber hygroscopic properties and air permeabilities. C1 UNIV LOWELL,DEPT MECH ENGN,LOWELL,MA 01854. RP Gibson, PW (reprint author), USA,NATICK RES DEV & ENGN CTR,SOLDIER SYST COMMAND,NATICK,MA 01760, USA. RI Gibson, Phillip/D-2398-2010 OI Gibson, Phillip/0000-0002-6172-4438 NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0090-3973 J9 J TEST EVAL JI J. Test. Eval. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 25 IS 4 BP 416 EP 423 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA XR787 UT WOS:A1997XR78700008 ER PT J AU Chambers, JP Raspet, R Berthelot, YH White, MJ AF Chambers, JP Raspet, R Berthelot, YH White, MJ TI Use of the fast field program for predicting diffraction of sound by curved surfaces SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Letter AB The fast field program (FFP) is a powerful tool for solving outdoor sound propagation problems in stratified atmospheres, It is shown here to be equally powerful for solving for the propagation of sound over curved surfaces of finite impedance. Results from scale model experiments are in excellent agreement with the FFP calculation in the deep shadow, penumbra, and bright zone behind the surface. The results are also compared with Berry and Daigle's creeping wave series [J. Acoust. Sec. Am. 83. 2047-2058 (1988)], The FFP calculation and creeping wave series yield identical results in the deep shadow, In the penumbra and bright zone behind the curved surface the FFP is in slightly better agreement with the data than the creeping wave series, although the differences are typically 1 dB or less which is comparable to the experimental error, The improvement is due to the more accurate sound speed profile and coordinate mapping used rather than to any differences in the computational method. (C) 1997 Acoustical Society of America. C1 GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,GEORGE W WOODRUFF SCH MECH ENGN,ATLANTA,GA 30332. USA,CONSTRUCT ENGN RES LAB,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61826. RP Chambers, JP (reprint author), UNIV MISSISSIPPI,NATL CTR PHYS ACOUST,UNIVERSITY,MS 38677, USA. RI White, Michael/B-3612-2009 OI White, Michael/0000-0001-8450-9135 NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 102 IS 1 BP 646 EP 649 DI 10.1121/1.419739 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA XL752 UT WOS:A1997XL75200069 ER PT J AU English, JC Laws, RA Keough, GC Wilde, JL Foley, JP Elston, DM AF English, JC Laws, RA Keough, GC Wilde, JL Foley, JP Elston, DM TI Dermatoses of the glans penis and prepuce SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Review ID BALANITIS-XEROTICA-OBLITERANS; SCLEROSUS-ET-ATROPHICUS; VULVITIS CIRCUMSCRIPTA-PLASMACELLULARIS; EXTRAMAMMARY PAGETS-DISEASE; SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; FIXED DRUG ERUPTION; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED DISEASES; MOHS MICROGRAPHIC SURGERY; BUSCHKE-LOWENSTEIN TUMORS; CARBON-DIOXIDE LASER AB A wide range of infectious, neoplastic, and inflammatory dermatoses can affect the glans penis or prepuce. Some are unique to the genitalia. Other more common dermatoses may have a unique appearance when they involve genital skin and mucosa. A thorough understanding of regional anatomy and a systematic diagnostic approach are helpful in the management of a refractory penile dermatosis. We review embryology and regional anatomy, drug-induced eruptions, allergic and irritant dermatitis, infection, neoplasia, and traumatic and inflammatory dermatoses as they relate to the glans and prepuce. Our discussion focuses on the clinical features, office laboratory studies, and histopathologic findings that assist in diagnosis and treatment. C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR, DEPT UROL, FT SAM HOUSTON, TX 78234 USA. RP English, JC (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR, DEPT DERMATOL, FT SAM HOUSTON, TX 78234 USA. NR 352 TC 50 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 37 IS 1 BP 1 EP 24 PG 24 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA XJ179 UT WOS:A1997XJ17900001 PM 9216519 ER PT J AU Elston, DM McCollough, ML Bergfeld, WF Liranzo, MO Heibel, M AF Elston, DM McCollough, ML Bergfeld, WF Liranzo, MO Heibel, M TI Eosinophils in fibrous tracts and near hair bulbs: A helpful diagnostic feature of alopecia areata SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANDROGENETIC ALOPECIA; HISTOPATHOLOGY; PATHOLOGY; SCALP AB Background: When biopsy specimens lack a ''swarm of bees'' peribulbar lymphoid infiltrate, the diagnosis of alopecia areata depends on the recognition of other histologic features of the disease. Objective: Our objective was to determine the frequency of the presence of eosinophils in biopsy specimens of alopecia areata in relation to the other major histologic features of the disease. Methods: Biopsy specimens from 71 patients with alopecia areata were studied. Results: Eosinophils were present in 38 of the 71 cases. A peribulbar lymphoid infiltrate was absent in 27 of the 71 cases. Eosinophils were present in 13 of these cases. Multiple catagen hairs and pigment casts (features which may lead to confusion with trichotillomania) were present in 39 cases. The presence of eosinophils was found to be a helpful diagnostic feature in cases with potential for misdiagnosis as trichotillomania. Conclusion: Eosinophils are common in all stages of alopecia areata, both within the peribulbar infiltrate and within fibrous tracts. A ''swarm of bees'' peribulbar infiltrate may be absent. The presence of eosinophils is a helpful diagnostic feature of alopecia areata. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DERMATOL SERV,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX. CLEVELAND CLIN FDN,DEPT PATHOL,CLEVELAND,OH 44195. NR 16 TC 34 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 37 IS 1 BP 101 EP 106 DI 10.1016/S0190-9622(97)70219-6 PG 6 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA XJ179 UT WOS:A1997XJ17900013 PM 9216531 ER PT J AU Chaffin, MS Berry, JD AF Chaffin, MS Berry, JD TI Helicopter fuselage aerodynamics under a rotor by Navier-Stokes simulation SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 51st Annual Forum of the American-Helicopter-Society CY MAY 09-11, 1995 CL FT WORTH, TX SP Amer Helicopter Soc ID HOVER AB An incompressible Navier-Stokes code was modified to model the effects of a helicopter rotor in forward flight on the viscous aerodynamics of the fuselage. The rotor was treated in a manner similar to an actuator disk, with the thrust being modelled as a jump in pressure across the disk. Unlike an actuator disk, the pressure jump was allowed to vary with radial and azimuthal locations on the disk and was computed from a fully coupled blade element model. Swirl velocities were implemented by adding a jump in tangential velocity across the disk surface. Chimera grids were used to allow more complex configurations to be modelled. Calculations were made for an isolated rotor as well as for a rotor/fuselage geometry and compared with experimental inflow velocity data and experimental fuselage surface pressure data. The time-averaged effect of the rotor on the fuselage as well as the time averaged effect of the fuselage on the rotor are shown. C1 USA,ATCOM AEROFLIGHTDYNAM DIRECTORATE,LANGLEY RES CTR,HAMPTON,VA. RP Chaffin, MS (reprint author), VIGYAN INC,HAMPTON,VA, USA. NR 33 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 42 IS 3 BP 235 EP 243 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA XM936 UT WOS:A1997XM93600004 ER PT J AU Blanken, CL Ockier, CJ Pausder, HJ Simmons, RC AF Blanken, CL Ockier, CJ Pausder, HJ Simmons, RC TI Rotorcraft pitch-roll decoupling requirements from a roll tracking maneuver SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT American-Helicopter-Society 50th Annual Forum CY MAY 11-13, 1994 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Amer Helicopter Soc AB A research investigation has been conducted on the effects of pitch-due-to-roll and roll-due-to-pitch cross coupling on helicopter handling qualities while performing a forward flight (60 knots) roll axis tracking tack, Conducted under the US/German Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) for Cooperative Research in Helicopter Aeromechanics, this study involved complementary use of a NASA-Ames ground-based simulation and two in-flight simulations using DLR's variable-stability BO 105. The results show that for a roll tracking task, the current time-domain pitch-roll cross coupling criteria does discriminate against unacceptable coupling from basic control, rate, and combined control-rate coupling, However, this criteria formal, does not discriminate against washed-out coupling which can occur in helicopters with feedback control systems, In addition, the data suggest a tightening in the ADS-33 Level 1-2 boundary, and the four second window specified for obtaining compliance data may not be suited for highly agile helicopters. A newly proposed frequency-domain criteria offers more comprehensive coverage that shows consistency for all types of coupling investigated. An additional benefit is that the required frequency-domain data can be obtained from the bandwidth tests and analysis, thus reducing compliance flight time by eliminating specific pitch-roll coupling tests. C1 DEUTSCH FORSCHUNGSANSTALT LUFT & RAUMFAHRT EV, INST FLUGMECH, BRAUNSCHWEIG, GERMANY. NASA, AMES RES CTR, MOFFETT FIELD, CA 94035 USA. RP Blanken, CL (reprint author), USA, AVIAT & TROOP COMMAND, AMES RES CTR, AEROFLIGHTDYNAM DIRECTORATE, MOFFETT FIELD, CA 94035 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 42 IS 3 BP 282 EP 296 PG 15 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA XM936 UT WOS:A1997XM93600009 ER PT J AU Walker, SC AF Walker, SC TI Sensory substitution in the diabetic neuropathic foot SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PODIATRIC MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID TACTILE VISION-SUBSTITUTION; CONTACT; ULCERATIONS C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,ANESTHESIA SERV,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PODIATRIC MED ASSN PI BETHESDA PA 9312 OLD GEORGETOWN ROAD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-1621 SN 0003-0538 J9 J AM PODIAT MED ASSN JI J. Am. Podiatr. Med. Assoc. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 87 IS 7 BP 338 EP 338 PG 1 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA XL325 UT WOS:A1997XL32500011 PM 9241979 ER PT J AU Lowrey, AH Famini, GR Wilson, LY AF Lowrey, AH Famini, GR Wilson, LY TI Using theoretical descriptors in quantitative structure-property relationships: Gas phase acidity of some hydrocarbons and nitrohydrocarbons SO JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-PERKIN TRANSACTIONS 2 LA English DT Article ID AFFINITIES AB Calculation of the gas phase acidity of some hydrocarbons and nitrohydrocarbons is studied using direct (quantum mechanical) methods as well as a model equation, derived with the aid of correlation analysis, relating empirical values to computational molecular parameters, Agreement between directly calculated and empirical values is improved by correlation equations, The correlation analysis model is statistically significant and physically reasonable; gas phase acidity increases with acidity modelling parameters and decreases with basicity modelling parameters. C1 LA SIERRA UNIV,DEPT CHEM,RIVERSIDE,CA 92515. US ARMY EDGEWOOD RES,CTR DEV & ENGN,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. USN,RES LAB,LAB STRUCT & MATTER,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0300-9580 J9 J CHEM SOC PERK T 2 JI J. Chem. Soc.-Perkin Trans. 2 PD JUL PY 1997 IS 7 BP 1381 EP 1388 DI 10.1039/a607448k PG 8 WC Chemistry, Organic; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA XL563 UT WOS:A1997XL56300023 ER PT J AU Zheng, JP Jow, TR AF Zheng, JP Jow, TR TI The effect of salt concentration in electrolytes on the maximum energy storage for double layer capacitors SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Double layer capacitors made with activated carbon electrodes and filled with nonaqueous electrolytes at different salt concentrations have been studied. It was found that the performance of the capacitor is strongly dependent on the salt concentration in the electrolyte. For electrolytes with high salt concentrations, the maximum energy stored in the capacitor is limited by the capacitance of the electrode material. For electrolytes with low salt concentrations, the maximum operating voltage as well as the maximum energy decreases with decreasing salt concentration. It has been demonstrated from ac impedance measurements that the decay of the maximum energy is due to the depletion of free ions in the electrolyte. The maximum energy storage in double layer capacitors with electrolytes at different salt concentrations was measured and was found to agree with the theory developed previously. From the study of de charge and discharge cycles at different constant current rates, it was found that the power performance of the capacitor is also strongly dependent on the salt concentration in the electrolyte. C1 USA,RES LAB,SENSORS & ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703. NR 2 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 144 IS 7 BP 2417 EP 2420 DI 10.1149/1.1837829 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA XM567 UT WOS:A1997XM56700039 ER PT J AU Fucile, E Denti, P Borghese, F Saija, R Sindoni, OI AF Fucile, E Denti, P Borghese, F Saija, R Sindoni, OI TI Optical properties of a sphere in the vicinity of a plane surface SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID EXACT-IMAGE THEORY; ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING; LIGHT-SCATTERING; SUBSTRATE; INTERFACE; PARTICLES; CLOUD AB The full scattering pattern from a sphere in the vicinity of a plane surface is calculated through an approach based on the expansion of the electromagnetic field in terms of vector multipole fields and on the imposition of the boundary conditions. Our approach does not invoke any approximation but can easily incorporate the simplifying assumptions of Bobbert and Vlieger [Physica (Utrecht) 137A, 202 (1986)] and of Johnson [J. Opt. Sec. Am. A 13, 326 (1996)], whose results are compared with ours. Real progress is achieved, since, unlike the previous theories but in agreement with the available experimental data, a nonvanishing field is allowed to propagate along the surface, even when the latter is nonperfectly reflecting. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 UNIV MESSINA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS MAT & TECNOL AVANZATE,I-98166 MESSINA,ITALY. SEZ MESSINA,IST NAZL FIS MAT,MESSINA,ITALY. USA,CTR CHEM RES DEV & ENGN,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. RP Fucile, E (reprint author), CTR SICILIANO RIC ATMOSFERICHE & FIS AMBIENTE,SALITA SPERONE 31,I-98166 MESSINA,ITALY. NR 26 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 14 IS 7 BP 1505 EP 1514 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.14.001505 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA XG645 UT WOS:A1997XG64500015 ER PT J AU Coats, SD AF Coats, SD TI Life and manners in the frontier army - Knight,O SO JOURNAL OF THE WEST LA English DT Book Review RP Coats, SD (reprint author), US ARMY COMMAND & GENERAL STAFF COLL,DEPT COMBINED & JOINT OPERATIONS,FT LEAVENWORTH,KS 66027, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU J WEST INC PI MANHATTAN PA P O BOX 1009 1531 YUMA, MANHATTAN, KS 66502 SN 0022-5169 J9 J WEST JI J. West PD JUL PY 1997 VL 36 IS 3 BP 119 EP 119 PG 1 WC History SC History GA XP095 UT WOS:A1997XP09500042 ER PT J AU Jackson, MR Brengman, ML Rich, NM AF Jackson, MR Brengman, ML Rich, NM TI Delayed presentation of 50 years after a World War II vascular injury with intraoperative localization by duplex ultrasound of a traumatic false aneurysm SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article AB A case of delayed presentation of a traumatic false aneurysm in the left arm 50 years after penetrating injury sustained during World War II is described, The original injury resulted in brachial artery occlusion and complete median nerve palsy, The false aneurysm presented with a spontaneous, contained rupture. Surgical repair was performed after duplex ultrasound localization of the lesion to a small collateral artery lateral to the elbow, thereby avoiding dissection in the densely scarred tissue plains in the antecubital fossa, Duplex ultrasound was also used intraoperatively to facilitate localization of the aneurysm neck and to confirm absence of flow in the sac after repair, A brief historical review of traumatic false aneurysms caused by combat injuries, is provided, The progress in the treatment of such injuries gained by wartime experience is reviewed. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT SURG,BETHESDA,MD 20814. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,VASC SURG SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUL PY 1997 VL 43 IS 1 BP 159 EP 161 DI 10.1097/00005373-199707000-00041 PG 3 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA XN917 UT WOS:A1997XN91700046 PM 9253933 ER PT J AU Bamberger, PK Stojadinovic, A Shaked, G Golocovsky, M AF Bamberger, PK Stojadinovic, A Shaked, G Golocovsky, M TI Biliary-pleural fistula presenting as a massive pleural effusion after thoracoabdominal penetrating trauma SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article ID MANAGEMENT C1 WASHINGTON HOSP CTR,TRAUMA SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20010. RP Bamberger, PK (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,GEN SURG SERV,DEPT GEN SURG,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUL PY 1997 VL 43 IS 1 BP 162 EP 163 DI 10.1097/00005373-199707000-00042 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA XN917 UT WOS:A1997XN91700047 PM 9253934 ER PT J AU Burnett, AL Calvin, DC Silver, RI Peppas, DS Docimo, SG AF Burnett, AL Calvin, DC Silver, RI Peppas, DS Docimo, SG TI Immunohistochemical description of nitric oxide synthase isoforms in human clitoris SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE nitric oxide; clitoris; immunohistochemistry ID CAVERNOSUM SMOOTH-MUSCLE; CYCLIC-GMP FORMATION; CORPUS CAVERNOSUM; NERVE-FIBERS; RELAXATION; PHYSIOLOGY; ERECTION; NEUROTRANSMISSION; INNERVATION; MEDIATOR AB Purpose: Our aim was to identify and localize nitric oxide synthase isoforms in the human clitoris in support of the hypothesis that nitric oxide mediates erectile function in this organ. Materials and Methods: Nitric oxide synthase immunohistochemistry studies specific for neuronal, inducible and endothelial isoforms of the enzyme were performed on human clitoral tissue obtained from 4 patients (3 with female pseudohermaphroditism and 1 with true hermaphroditism) at feminizing genitoplasty and from I phenotypically normal woman at autopsy. Results: Neuronal nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity was detected in nerve bundles and fibers coursing within the glans clitoris and corpora cavernosa of the clitoris, predominating in the latter tissue. Specific inducible nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity was not identified. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity was detected in vascular and sinusoidal endothelium of these tissues with a predominance in the glans clitoris. Conclusions: The presence and anatomical localizations of nitric oxide synthase isoforms in the human clitoris indicate that nitric oxide is generated in this organ. These data suggest that nitric oxide may be involved in the erectile physiology of the clitoris as a modulator of clitoral smooth muscle activity. Functional studies are required to support this hypothesis. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV HOSP,JAMES BUCHANAN BRADY UROL INST,DIV ADULT UROL,BALTIMORE,MD 21287. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV HOSP,SCH MED,BALTIMORE,MD 21287. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT UROL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Burnett, AL (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV HOSP,JAMES BUCHANAN BRADY UROL INST,DEPT UROL,DIV PEDIAT UROL,MARBURG 407,BALTIMORE,MD 21287, USA. NR 28 TC 113 Z9 117 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 158 IS 1 BP 75 EP 78 DI 10.1097/00005392-199707000-00020 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XC692 UT WOS:A1997XC69200019 PM 9186326 ER PT J AU McLane, GF Dubey, M Wood, MC Lynch, KE AF McLane, GF Dubey, M Wood, MC Lynch, KE TI Dry etching of germanium in magnetron enhanced SF6 plasmas SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID SIGE ALLOYS; ION; RESPECT; GAAS; SILICON AB Magnetron enhanced reactive ion etching of germanium was investigated in SF6 plasmas. Ge etch rates were determined as a function of cathode power density (0.1-0.5 W/cm(2)), pressure (2-8 mTorr), and SF6 flow rate (2-11.5 seem). Etch rate increased as pressure and flow rate were increased, but exhibited the unusual characteristic of decreasing as cathode power was increased, Auger electron spectroscopy measurements showed the presence of a sulfur residue (<1 at. %) upon etching, while scanning electron microscopy revealed that smooth etched surfaces were attained in SF6 magnetron enhanced plasmas. (C) 1997 American Vacuum Society. C1 NEW JERSEY INST TECHNOL,NEWARK,NJ 07102. RP McLane, GF (reprint author), ARMY RES LAB,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703, USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 15 IS 4 BP 990 EP 992 DI 10.1116/1.589551 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA XT088 UT WOS:A1997XT08800038 ER PT J AU Zeng, KC Smith, M Lin, JY Jiang, HX Robert, JC Piner, EL McIntosh, FG Zavada, J AF Zeng, KC Smith, M Lin, JY Jiang, HX Robert, JC Piner, EL McIntosh, FG Zavada, J TI Optical transitions in InGaN/AlGaN single quantum wells SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 24th Annual Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Semiconductor Interfaces (PCSI-24) CY JAN 12-15, 1997 CL RES TRIANGLE PK, NC AB The optical transitions in InGaN/AlGaN single quantum wells (SQWs) grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition have been studied, The spectral lineshape and the recombination dynamics of the optical transitions have been systematically investigated at different conditions. It was found that the main photoluminescence (PL) emission line in these SQW was contributed predominantly by the localized exciton recombination. However, time-resolved PL results revealed the presence of a band-to-impurity transition which cannot be resolved spectroscopically from the localized exciton transition line due to the broad emission linewidth. (C) 1997 American Vacuum Society. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,RALEIGH,NC 27685. USA,RES OFF,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. RP Zeng, KC (reprint author), KANSAS STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CARDWELL HALL,MANHATTAN,KS 66506, USA. RI Lin, Jingyu/A-7276-2011; Jiang, Hongxing/F-3635-2011; Piner, Edwin/B-5359-2016 OI Lin, Jingyu/0000-0003-1705-2635; Jiang, Hongxing/0000-0001-9892-4292; NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 15 IS 4 BP 1139 EP 1143 DI 10.1116/1.589428 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA XT088 UT WOS:A1997XT08800064 ER PT J AU Wood, A Palmer, R Petroff, C AF Wood, A Palmer, R Petroff, C TI Comparison and assessment of zero-rise floodplain ordinances SO JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT-ASCE LA English DT Article AB This paper compares and evaluates the implications of some zero-risk regulations, particularly zero-rise floodplain ordinances. An ordinance for King County, Wash., is used to illustrate the challenges of implementing such restrictions and their resulting implications for bridge design. The evaluation is performed by comparing the King County floodplain regulation to similarly restrictive regulations in other states and counties and to other zero tolerance regulations. The bridge design and construction costs associated with the ordinance since 1990 are also reviewed, as are procedures for obtaining variances from the zero-rise criterion. It was found that in King County the zero-rise criterion compounds the already existing complexities of bridge design requirements. important differences between the King County regulations and zero-rise requirements in other locales were found to include: freedom from substantial clearance requirements, pier-in-channel prohibitions (unrelated to backwater considerations), exemptions for replacement in-kind, lenient permitting processes for rises where no damage is anticipated, and the ability of approach roads to cause hood. The zero-rise ordinance was found to increase bridge design and construction costs by about 40% on the bridges for which backwater was a constraint. Variance procedures were as impractical in other locales as in King County, but mitigation options, such as the purchase of flooding easements, were more frequently pursued. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP Wood, A (reprint author), USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,INST WATER RESOUR,CASEY BLDG,7701 TELEGRAPH RD,ALEXANDRIA,VA 22315, USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9496 J9 J WATER RES PL-ASCE JI J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage.-ASCE PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 123 IS 4 BP 239 EP 245 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(1997)123:4(239) PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA XF442 UT WOS:A1997XF44200005 ER PT J AU Larson, M Hanson, H Kraus, NC AF Larson, M Hanson, H Kraus, NC TI Analytical solutions of one-line model for shoreline change near coastal structures SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID BEACH NOURISHMENT; SEAWALL AB Analytical solutions provide a simple and economical means of quickly estimating qualitative and quantitative responses of the shoreline to a wide range of environmental and engineering conditions. This paper presents analytical solutions for shoreline evolution in the vicinity of coastal structures, including detached breakwaters, seawalls, and jetties with and without wave diffraction. The solution for a detached breakwater illustrates the growth of a salient with time behind the breakwater and the associated initial shoreline retreat at locations across from the breakwater tips. A simple solution describing flanking of a seawall is obtained by using two different solution areas where the longshore sand transport rate and breaking-wave angle vary. A similar technique is used to model diffraction downdrift of a groin or jetty by allowing the wave angle to vary with the distance alongshore according to a specified function or by employing a large number of solution areas. Cases are also presented for the accumulation updrift a groin and the shoreline response in a groin compartment with a breaking wave angle that varies sinusoidally in time. A solution for a single groin illustrates the impact of bypassing on the updrift accumulation. C1 UNIV TOKYO, DEPT CIVIL ENGN, TOKYO 113, JAPAN. USA, COASTAL ENGN RES CTR, WATERWAYS EXPT STN, VICKSBURG, MS 39180 USA. TEXAS A&M UNIV, CONRAD BLOCKER INST SURVEY & SCI, CORPUS CHRISTI, TX 78412 USA. RP Larson, M (reprint author), LUND UNIV, DEPT WATER RES ENGN, S-22100 LUND, SWEDEN. NR 32 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 10 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-950X J9 J WATERW PORT C-ASCE JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng.-ASCE PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 123 IS 4 BP 180 EP 191 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(1997)123:4(180) PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA XF332 UT WOS:A1997XF33200005 ER PT J AU Spalinger, DE Cooper, SM Martin, DJ Shipley, LA AF Spalinger, DE Cooper, SM Martin, DJ Shipley, LA TI Social learning an important influence on foraging behavior in white-tailed deer? SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE bite size; diet selection; food preference; foraging; foraging efficiency; hand-reared animals; innate behavior; intake rate; learning; Odocoileus virginianus; ungulates; white-tailed deer ID FUNCTIONAL-RESPONSE; FOOD SELECTION; LAMBS; EXPERIENCE; BLACKBRUSH; HERBIVORES; MOTHER; GOATS; DIET; SERVICEBERRY AB The use of hand-reared deer in foraging experiments is a common practice, but its validity as a technique for estimating wild deer behavior has often been questioned. We conducted 2 experiments to determine the influence of learning and experience on forage selection and foraging efficiency in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). In the first experiment, we compared food selection (diet composition) and foraging efficiency (biting rate, bite size, and intake rate) among a group of adult hand-reared deer that had been used in previous field experiments (experienced adults), and 2 groups of fawns, one of which was weaned to a diet of 13 browses, a pelleted ration, and alfalfa hay (experienced fawns), the other weaned to pellets and hay alone (naive farms). Each animal was offered an identical array of 6 browses varying in palatability in a series of 5 feeding trials. The naive fawns selected a diet similar to that of the experienced fawns and adults. The ordering of preferences of the 6 browses was not statistically different among the 3 groups of animals. Biting rates, bite sizes, and intake rates were not statistically different between naive and experienced fawns, although bite size and intake rates were generally greater for the adult animals. In a second experiment, we compared food selection and foraging efficiency of wild and hand-reared adult deer using a procedure similar to experiment 1. Food selection by tame and wild deer was similar except for a difference between groups for one of the lesser-preferred species of browse. Preference rankings of the 6 browses were not statistically different when preferences were ranked according to mass consumed or number of bites taken. We suggest that food selection by white-tailed deer is largely an innate behavior and that hand-reared deer are essentially the foraging equivalents of maternal-reared or wild animals. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,TEXAS AGR EXPT STN,UVALDE,TX 78801. USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,REGULATORY BRANCH,FT WORTH,TX 76102. NR 31 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 19 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 61 IS 3 BP 611 EP 621 DI 10.2307/3802169 PG 11 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA XR474 UT WOS:A1997XR47400003 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Digger - Flynn,J SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA,COMBINED ARMS RES LIB,FT LEAVENWORTH,KS 66027, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 122 IS 12 BP 124 EP 124 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA XK069 UT WOS:A1997XK06900332 ER PT J AU Wolden, CA Han, SK McClure, MT Sitar, Z Prater, JT AF Wolden, CA Han, SK McClure, MT Sitar, Z Prater, JT TI Highly oriented diamond deposited using a low pressure flat flame SO MATERIALS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE diamond; combustion synthesis; highly oriented; x-ray texture analysis; si substrate ID BIAS-ENHANCED NUCLEATION; TEXTURED GROWTH; FILMS; SILICON AB A multi-step process for the achievement of highly oriented, (100) textured diamond films on silicon using flat flame deposition has been developed. First, a bias-enhanced technique was used to achieve oriented nuclei on a Si (100) substrate in a microwave plasma reactor. Substrates were then transferred to the combustion system and rapidly grown into coalesced (100) films at a growth rate of 4-5 mu m/h. X-ray texture analysis was used to characterize the films. It showed a 12 degrees misalignment of the crystallites with respect to the surface normal, while the azimuthal misalignment was measured to be 20 degrees. C1 USA,RES OFF,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. RP Wolden, CA (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,1001 CAPABIL DR,RALEIGH,NC 27695, USA. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-577X J9 MATER LETT JI Mater. Lett. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 32 IS 1 BP 9 EP 12 DI 10.1016/S0167-577X(97)00003-7 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA XJ246 UT WOS:A1997XJ24600003 ER PT J AU Faue, M Folen, RA James, LC Needels, T AF Faue, M Folen, RA James, LC Needels, T TI The tripler tobacco-cessation program: Predictors for success and improved efficacy SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hawaii-Psychological-Association Convention CY JAN 25, 1996 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Hawaii Psycholog Assoc ID UNITED-STATES MILITARY; SMOKING CESSATION; RELAPSE; INTERVENTIONS; PERSONNEL AB This study analyzed differences in baseline, course of treatment, and post-quit variables of participants in a tobacco-cessation program to identify factors predictive of outcome that could be used as a focus for intervention, The program offered a 10-week course of transdermal nicotine replacement combined with education and cognitive/behavioral therapy in a group format at a major military medical center, Demonstrated differences were found among abstainers, early relapsers, and late relapsers in age-initiated tobacco use, use of liquor, levels of exhaled carbon monoxide at intake, tobacco use during the program, and perceived reasons for relapse, The abstinence rate at follow-up was 27%, Based on our findings, we discuss recommendations to improve treatment, This information is offered as a model to evaluate and improve the efficacy of established clinic-based tobacco-cessation programs. C1 TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,CLIN HLTH PSYCHOL SERV,HONOLULU,HI 96859. AMER SCH PROFESS PSYCHOL,HONOLULU,HI 96816. RP Faue, M (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHOL,HONOLULU,HI 96859, USA. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 162 IS 7 BP 445 EP 449 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XL132 UT WOS:A1997XL13200002 PM 9232970 ER PT J AU Mangelsdorff, AD Rogers, JR Zucker, KW Thieschafer, CL Hagen, JP Finstuen, K AF Mangelsdorff, AD Rogers, JR Zucker, KW Thieschafer, CL Hagen, JP Finstuen, K TI Vision 21 delphi panel: Senior Army Medical Service Corps officers' vision of behaviors for success of future medical service corps officers SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB A Delphi study was conducted of Army senior Medical Service Corps leaders (O6s) to identify the expected behaviors and competencies needed to ensure that junior officers will achieve successful careers as Medical Service Corps officers in the 21st century, A Delphi mailing was conducted in two phases, In the first iteration, 41 behaviors were identified to be of importance, In the second mailing, the 41 behaviors were rated for relative importance on a 7-point bipolar rating scale (1 = unimportant, 7 = most important), Comparisons were made between the ratings of administrative and biomedical scientific/technical (BS/T) series, Discriminant models developed to compare demographics between administrative and BS/T officers indicated that administrative officers had more time in grade, years of service, and professional military education, whereas BS/T officers reported significantly more civilian education, Minor differences among the two groups emerged for behavior ratings; however, the final priority order of behaviors reflected a high degree of consensus from both groups. C1 USA,MED DEPT CTR & SCH,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. RP Mangelsdorff, AD (reprint author), USA,BAYLOR UNIV,GRAD PROGRAM HLTH CARE ADM,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 162 IS 7 BP 450 EP 452 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XL132 UT WOS:A1997XL13200003 PM 9232971 ER PT J AU Warber, JP Boquist, SHM Cline, AD AF Warber, JP Boquist, SHM Cline, AD TI Fruit and vegetables in the service member's diet: Data from military institutional feeding studies SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CANCER; STATES AB Previous surveys of the U.S. population have indicated that typical intakes of fruits and vegetables are substantially below recommended levels, Using data from nine dietary studies, we examined 798 service members who subsisted in government-run feeding programs to determine how they differ from the general population, The findings of this retrospective investigation showed that an estimated 43% of service members met the minimum recommendation of five daily servings of fruit and vegetables compared with 6% of the general population, Among genders, more males had fruits and vegetables rich in carotenoids (22 vs, 10%), whereas a slightly higher proportion of females consumed cruciferous vegetables (14 vs. 11%), Only 3% consumed no servings of vegetables, and 11% consumed no servings of fruits, Intake in overall quantity of fruits and vegetables was higher among service members, but further efforts are needed to increase consumption of cruciferous vegetables and fruits and vegetables rich in carotenoids. C1 GEOCENTERS INC,NEWTON CTR,NEWTON,MA 02159. RP Warber, JP (reprint author), USA,ENVIRONM MED RES INST,MIL NUTR & BIOCHEM DIV,NATICK,MA 01760, USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 162 IS 7 BP 468 EP 471 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XL132 UT WOS:A1997XL13200007 PM 9232975 ER PT J AU Wassmuth, Z Ramirez, SG AF Wassmuth, Z Ramirez, SG TI Pediatric thyroid carcinoma in the military population SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Southern-Medical-Association CY NOV, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP So Med Assoc AB A 30-year review of the Armed Forces Tumor Registry revealed that of 3,126 thyroid cancers on file, 82 were in the pediatric population, All of these cases were reviewed, and the mean age was found to be 13.8 years, There was a male-to-female ratio of 1:2.3, At the time of diagnosis, 33% had regional nodes and 6% had distant metastasis, The malignancies were 60% papillary, 13% follicular, 10% papillary-follicular variant, and 6% medullary, Treatment included 41% lobectomies with or without isthmectomy, 27% total thyroidectomies with or without node sampling, 20% total thyroidectomies with neck dissections, and 12% surgical treatment not otherwise specified. Of the surgical patients, 30% received postoperative I-131 ablation, An average patient follow-up of 8.6 years showed that 65 remained disease-free, 5 had disease, 1 was dead of disease, and 10 were unknown, The results of our pediatric thyroid carcinoma review are compared with previously published figures. C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG SERV,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. RP Wassmuth, Z (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 162 IS 7 BP 489 EP 491 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XL132 UT WOS:A1997XL13200012 PM 9232980 ER PT J AU Adler, AB Bartone, PT AF Adler, AB Bartone, PT TI Military psychologists and the partnership for peace program in Albania SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB A team of two military psychologists (the authors) traveled to Albania to provide training to Albanian military sociologists in psychological issues associated with peacekeeping deployment in connection with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's Partnership for Peace program. The training, based on research conducted by the authors, emphasized the typical problems faced by peacekeepers. The information presented was adjusted to better meet the particular needs of the Albanians, Topics of primary interest to the Albanians are discussed with an emphasis on the Albanian cultural context. General lessons for future Partnership for Peace training are also presented. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,EUROPEAN DIV,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP Adler, AB (reprint author), USA,MED RES UNIT EUROPE,UNIT 29218,APO,AE 09102, USA. OI Bartone, Paul/0000-0002-5767-0086 NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 162 IS 7 BP 492 EP 494 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XL132 UT WOS:A1997XL13200013 PM 9232981 ER PT J AU Myers, D AF Myers, D TI Identification and eradication of Helicobacter pylori in an isolated patient population SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB This study had three goals: (1) Identify patients with Helicobacter pylori, treat their disease, monitor their progress, and determine that they are no longer infected. (2) Realize a cost savings for our health clinic, (3) Improve patient quality of life. These three goals have been met. RP Myers, D (reprint author), USA, HLTH CLIN, DUGWAY PROVING GROUND, UT 84022 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 162 IS 7 BP 507 EP 509 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XL132 UT WOS:A1997XL13200016 PM 9232984 ER PT J AU Schomer, PD Sias, JW Maglieri, D AF Schomer, PD Sias, JW Maglieri, D TI A comparative study of human response, indoors, to blast noise and sonic booms SO NOISE CONTROL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FIELD-LABORATORY TESTS; COMMUNITY RESPONSE; MILITARY SOUNDS; SMALL-ARMS AB For the past two decades, blast sounds and sonic booms have been assessed in a like manner in the United States using C-weighted day-night average sound level, Recently, based almost exclusively on blast sound research, a new method which replaces the C-weighted day-night average sound level has been recommended and incorporated into a new American National Standard, In this new method, as in the previous method, sonic boom sounds are included and assessed in a like manner to blast sounds, However, while available evidence suggested that in an indoor setting sonic boom could be treated in a similar fashion to blast sounds, experimental evidence was lacking, The purpose of the study reported herein was to provide the lacking comparison data, The study tested if the responses of subjects to sonic booms were consistent with previous blast response data presented by Schemer, since these were the data which formed the basis for the new method, A key factor in the design of this study was the presentation of real blasts and booms to subjects situated in real structures in the field, The study was performed as a paired-comparison test with the same control sound being used in this study as had been used in all the previous blast research that formed the basis for the new assessment method, In this new study, 232 subjects each judged 20 booms and 30 blast sounds, The new data resulting from this study show good general agreement with the previous data reported by Schemer, However, there is an indication that for the same C-weighted sound exposure level, a boom is slightly more annoying than a blast. (C) 1997 Institute of Noise Control Engineering. RP Schomer, PD (reprint author), USA,CONSTRUCT ENGN RES LABS,POB 9005,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61826, USA. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST NOISE CONTROL ENG PI POUGHKEEPSIE PA PO BOX 3206 ARLINGTON BRANCH, POUGHKEEPSIE, NY 12603 SN 0736-2501 J9 NOISE CONTROL ENG JI Noise Control Eng. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 45 IS 4 BP 169 EP 182 DI 10.3397/1.2828438 PG 14 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Acoustics; Engineering GA YC432 UT WOS:A1997YC43200003 ER PT J AU Udd, E CoronaBittick, K Slattery, KT Dorr, DJ Crowe, C Vandiver, TL Evans, RN AF Udd, E CoronaBittick, K Slattery, KT Dorr, DJ Crowe, C Vandiver, TL Evans, RN TI Fiber grating systems used to measure strain in cylindrical structures SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE smart structures; cylindrical structures; fiber optic grating systems; utility pole; power lines AB Fiber optic grating systems are described that have been used to measure strain in cylindrical structures. The applications of these systems to a composite utility cole and to a composite missile body are described. Composite utility poles have significant advantages with respect to wooden utility poles that include superior strength and uniformity; light weight for ease of deployment; the ability to be recycled, reducing hazardous waste associated with chemically treated wooden poles; and compatibility with embedded fiber optic sensors, allowing structural loads to be monitored. Tests conducted of fiber optic grating sensors in combination with an overcoupled coupler demodulation system to support structural testing of a 22-ft composite pole are reported. Monitoring strain in composite missile bodies has the potential to improve the quality of manufactured parts, support performance testing, and enhance safety during long periods of storage. Strain measurements made with fiber optic grating and electrical strain gauges are described. (C) 1997 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 PROD PROD,ST LOUIS,MO 63138. WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,ST LOUIS,MO 63130. DUKE & ASSOCIATES,ST LOUIS,MO 63166. DEF ADV RES PROJECTS AGCY,ARLINGTON,VA 22203. USA,MISSILE COMMAND,REDSTONE ARSENAL,AL 35898. RP Udd, E (reprint author), BLUE RD RES,2555 NE 205TH AVE,TROUTDALE,OR 97060, USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 36 IS 7 BP 1893 EP 1900 DI 10.1117/1.601408 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA XK790 UT WOS:A1997XK79000008 ER PT J AU Driggers, RG Cox, P Kelly, M AF Driggers, RG Cox, P Kelly, M TI National imagery interpretation rating system and the probabilities of detection, recognition, and identification SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE national imagery interpretation rating systems; infrared systems; imaging performance AB A large number of electro-optical (EO) and IR sensors are used on military platforms such as ground vehicles, low-altitude air vehicles, high-altitude air vehicles, and satellite systems, Ground vehicle and low-altitude air vehicle (rotary and fixed-wing aircraft) sensors typically use the probabilities of discrimination (detection, recognition, and identification) as design requirements and system performance indicators. High-altitude air vehicles and satellite sensors have traditionally used national imagery interpretation rating system (NIIRS) performance measures for guidance in design and measures of system performance, Data from the high-altitude air vehicle and satellite sensors are now being made available to the warfighter for many applications including surveillance and targeting. National imagery offices are being merged and restructured to support the warfighters and connectivities to high-altitude air vehicle sensors more effectively, It is becoming more apparent that the gap between the NIIRS approach and the probabilities of discrimination approach must be addressed, Users, engineers, and analysts must have a comparative basis for assessing the image quality between the two classes of sensors. The two approaches are described and compared. (C) 1997 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA,NIGHT VIS & ELECT SENSOR DIRECTORATE,AIRBORNE SYST DIV,FT BELVOIR,VA 22060. RP Driggers, RG (reprint author), SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,DEF ANAL GRP,4301 N FAIRFAX DR,ARLINGTON,VA 22203, USA. NR 16 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 36 IS 7 BP 1952 EP 1959 DI 10.1117/1.601381 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA XK790 UT WOS:A1997XK79000016 ER PT J AU Bass, JW Chan, DS Creamer, KM Thompson, MW Malone, FJ Becker, TM Marks, SN AF Bass, JW Chan, DS Creamer, KM Thompson, MW Malone, FJ Becker, TM Marks, SN TI Comparison of oral cephalexin, topical mupirocin and topical bacitracin for treatment of impetigo SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cephalexin; mupirocin; bacitracin; impetigo ID SECONDARY SKIN INFECTIONS; ERYTHROMYCIN; EFFICACY; OINTMENT C1 TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PHARM,HONOLULU,HI 96859. RP Bass, JW (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,HONOLULU,HI 96859, USA. NR 20 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 16 IS 7 BP 708 EP 710 DI 10.1097/00006454-199707000-00013 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA XK756 UT WOS:A1997XK75600013 PM 9239775 ER PT J AU Baraff, LJ Schriger, DL Bass, JW Fleisher, GR Klein, JO McCracken, GH Powell, KR AF Baraff, LJ Schriger, DL Bass, JW Fleisher, GR Klein, JO McCracken, GH Powell, KR TI Management of the young febrile child: A commentary on recent practice guidelines SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID BACTERIAL-MENINGITIS; ANTIBIOTIC-THERAPY; BACTEREMIA; INFECTION; INFANTS; RISK C1 TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,HONOLULU,HI 96859. CHILDRENS HOSP,BOSTON,MA 02115. BOSTON CITY HOSP,BOSTON,MA 02118. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR DALLAS,DALLAS,TX 75235. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14642. RP Baraff, LJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR EMERGENCY MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 7 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 1997 VL 100 IS 1 BP 134 EP 136 DI 10.1542/peds.100.1.134 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA XJ181 UT WOS:A1997XJ18100031 PM 9200371 ER PT J AU Candler, GV Olejniczak, J Harrold, B AF Candler, GV Olejniczak, J Harrold, B TI Detailed simulation of nitrogen dissociation in stagnation regions SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID CLASSICAL-MODEL; SHOCK-WAVES AB Vibrational relaxation rates from Schwartz-Slawsky-Herzfeld theory and the forced-harmonic oscillator model are used to study the Bow of nitrogen in the stagnation region of a blunt body. The mass conservation equations are coupled to the momentum and total energy equations, and solved using an implicit finite-volume computational fluid dynamics method. The effects of single- and multiple-quantum vibration-translation transitions and vibration-vibration transitions are studied. Also, the effect of the mass diffusion of the excited oscillators across the shock layer is investigated. It is found that highly non-Boltzmann vibrational distributions are present in the flow field, and that the forced-harmonic oscillator model predicts that dissociation occurs from the low vibrational levels only. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. RP Candler, GV (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT AEROSP ENGN & MECH, ARMY HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP RES CTR, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. NR 18 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD JUL PY 1997 VL 9 IS 7 BP 2108 EP 2117 DI 10.1063/1.869330 PG 10 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA XH287 UT WOS:A1997XH28700026 ER PT J AU Wilkerson, RC Sallum, MAM Forattini, OP AF Wilkerson, RC Sallum, MAM Forattini, OP TI Redescription of Anopheles (Anopheles) shannoni Davis; A member of the arribalzagia series from the Amazon Basin (Diptera:Culicidae) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Diptera; Culicidae; Arribalzagia; Anopheles shannoni; redescription; Amazon Basin AB Anopheles (Anopheles) shannoni Davis is redescribed and illustrated in the adult female, male genitalia, and larval and pupal stages. This species is distributed throughout the Amazon Basin of South America. The larvae are found in shaded forest pools, and the adults appear to be zoophilic and prefer to bite outdoors. This species is a member of the Neotropical Arribalzagia Series. RP Wilkerson, RC (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST, WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, MUSEUM SUPPORT CTR, DEPT ENTOMOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA. RI Sallum, Maria/B-8537-2012 NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 99 IS 3 BP 461 EP 471 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA XM735 UT WOS:A1997XM73500005 ER PT J AU Robbins, RG Eckerlin, RP AF Robbins, RG Eckerlin, RP TI Robert Traub (1916-1995): An appreciation SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Item About an Individual RP Robbins, RG (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,ARMED FORCES PEST MANAGEMENT BOARD,FOREST GLEN SECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 99 IS 3 BP 588 EP 590 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA XM735 UT WOS:A1997XM73500024 ER PT J AU Beairsto, C Walter, R Ionin, AA Kotkov, AA Penny, R Seleznev, LA Squires, S AF Beairsto, C Walter, R Ionin, AA Kotkov, AA Penny, R Seleznev, LA Squires, S TI High-frequency temporal structure of laser and phase-conjugated signals in intracavity degenerate four-wave mixing of radiation from electron-beam-controlled discharge CO2 and CO lasers in their active media SO QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article AB The high-frequency temporal structure of probe-laser and phase-conjugated signals, generated in the course of degenerate four-wave mixing of long pulses from CO2 and CO lasers in their own inverted media, was investigated experimentally with nanosecond resolution throughout the whole pulse. Single-frequency (corresponding to one vibrational-rotational transition) and multifrequency pulses of similar to 10-20 mu s and similar to 200-300 mu s durations, generated respectively by electron-beam-controlled discharge CO2 and CO lasers, had a complex temporal dynamics with a depth of modulation up to 100%. In one round-trip period (similar to 100 ns) the pulses from these CO2 and CO lasers consisted of several spikes (free-running mode) or of one spike (self-mode-locking with the aid of a plasma mirror) of tau(0.1) similar to 10 ns duration. The temporal dynamics of the phase-conjugated signal also had a complex structure, differing from the probe signal structure over longer (in excess of 100 ns) and shorter time intervals. The relative influence of the amplitude and phase mechanisms of the formation of transient diffraction gratings in the active medium, and also the influence of large-and small-scale diffraction gratings, and of the temporal synchronism on the dynamics of the phase-conjugated signal were considered. C1 USA, Directorate Appl Technol, White Sands, NM 88002 USA. Russian Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. WJ Schafer Associates Inc, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Beairsto, C (reprint author), USA, Directorate Appl Technol, White Sands, NM 88002 USA. RI Selenev, Leonid/K-7441-2015; Ionin, Andrey/M-3857-2015; Kotkov, Andrei/K-7590-2015 OI Selenev, Leonid/0000-0002-8121-9914; Ionin, Andrey/0000-0003-3119-4592; Kotkov, Andrei/0000-0001-5967-0840 NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU TURPION LTD PI LETCHWORTH PA TURPION DISTRIBUTION SERVICES, BLACKHORSE RD, LETCHWORTH, HERTS, ENGLAND SG6 1HN SN 1063-7818 J9 QUANTUM ELECTRON+ JI Quantum Electron. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 27 IS 7 BP 614 EP 620 DI 10.1070/QE1997v027n07ABEH000993 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA YW592 UT WOS:000071951800014 ER PT J AU Nestler, JM Long, KS AF Nestler, JM Long, KS TI Development of hydrological indices to aid cumulative impact analysis of riverine wetlands SO REGULATED RIVERS-RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE cumulative impact assessment; environmental impact; Cache River; White River; streamflow; hydrology; daily values; harmonic analysis; non-linear regression models; time-scale analysis; root-mean-square error ID ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; GROUNDWATER; WATER; BALQUHIDDER; BASIN; SPAIN AB A hydrological analysis of historic stream data collected with the gauge on the Cache River at Patterson, Arkansas, USA, is presented as the basis for cumulative impact analysis of riverine wetlands. Subtle, long-term changes in hydroperiod, which could collectively have major effects on wetland function, are quantified. Harmonic analysis, time-scale analysis, and conventional methods of hydrological analysis of gauge data, at decade intervals, are employed, showing a steady decline in the magnitude and predictability of the baseflow during low flow periods, beginning with the 1920s and becoming increasingly more pronounced into the 1980s. Complementary information suggests that hydroperiod alterations are associated with increased groundwater pumping to support rice agriculture in the basin. These hydrological methods are simple enough for routine application (when adequate data are available) but sufficiently sophisticated to identify subtle changes in hydroperiod associated with cumulative effects. The changes in hydroperiod identified using these methods may have potential to explain changes in biotic communities or wetlands structure as part of comprehensive wetlands studies. (C) 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,ENVIRONM LAB,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. NR 33 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0886-9375 J9 REGUL RIVER JI Regul. Rivers-Res. Manage. PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 13 IS 4 BP 317 EP 334 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1646(199707)13:4<317::AID-RRR433>3.0.CO;2-D PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA XQ228 UT WOS:A1997XQ22800001 ER PT J AU Getsinger, KD Turner, EG Madsen, JD Netherland, MD AF Getsinger, KD Turner, EG Madsen, JD Netherland, MD TI Restoring native vegetation in a Eurasian water milfoil dominated plant community using the herbicide triclopyr SO REGULATED RIVERS-RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE aquatic plant control; aquatic weeds; Garlon(R) 3A; Myriophyllum spicatum; pesticide dissipation; rhodamine WT ID CONCURRENT APPLICATION; MYRIOPHYLLUM-SPICATUM; DYE CONCENTRATIONS; TRIETHYLAMINE SALT; AQUEOUS PHOTOLYSIS; TIDAL CANALS; LAKE-GEORGE; NEW-YORK; WATERMILFOIL; DISSIPATION AB In an effort to evaluate the selective control of the exotic weed Eurasian water milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum I,.) and to assess the recovery and restoration of the native submersed plant community, a 6-ha river and 4-ha cove plot were treated with the herbicide triclopyr at application rates of 2.5 and 1.75 mg/l, respectively, in the Pend Oreille River, WA, in August 1991. Water exchange half-lives within the plots were measured using rhodamine WT dye (river, t(1/2) = 20 h; cove, t(1/2) = 52 h), and triclopyr dissipation rates were also calculated (river, t(1/2) = 19 h; cove, t(1/2) = 53 h). Triclopyr concentrations were below the proposed potable water tolerance level (0.5 mg/l) within the river treatment plot by 3 days after treatment (< 0.01 to 0.41 mg/l), and 675 m downstream of that plot by 1 day after treatment (< 0.01 to 0.47 mg/l). Following the cove treatment, triclopyr residues ranged from 0.12 to 0.29 mg/l by 7 days after treatment, and from < 0.01 to 0.06 mg/l as close as 150 m downstream from the plot. Eurasian water milfoil biomass was reduced by 99% in the treated plots at 4 weeks post-treatment, remained low one year later (river treatment, 28% of pretreat levels; cove treatment 1% of pre-treat levels) and was still at acceptable levels of control at two years post-treatment (river treatment, 47% of pre-treat levels; cove treatment, 24% of pre-treat levels). The four-week post-treatment efficacy results verified triclopyr concentration/exposure time relationships for controlling Eurasian water milfoil developed under laboratory conditions. Non-target native plant biomass increased 500-1000% by one year posttreatment, and remained significantly higher in the cove plot at two years after treatment. Native species diversity doubled following herbicide treatment, and the restoration of this robust community delayed the re-establishment and dominance of Eurasian water milfoil for three growing seasons. (C) 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. RP Getsinger, KD (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,ENVIRONM LAB,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 44 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 15 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0886-9375 J9 REGUL RIVER JI Regul. Rivers-Res. Manage. PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 13 IS 4 BP 357 EP 375 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1646(199707)13:4<357::AID-RRR446>3.0.CO;2-# PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA XQ228 UT WOS:A1997XQ22800004 ER PT J AU McCleave, BW AF McCleave, BW TI Do you know the code? SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP McCleave, BW (reprint author), USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 38 IS 7 BP 88 EP 88 PG 1 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA XN004 UT WOS:A1997XN00400014 ER PT J AU Banks, HT Smith, RC Brown, DE Silcox, RJ Metcalf, VL AF Banks, HT Smith, RC Brown, DE Silcox, RJ Metcalf, VL TI Experimental confirmation of a PDE-based approach to design of feedback controls SO SIAM JOURNAL ON CONTROL AND OPTIMIZATION LA English DT Article DE feedback control; piezoceramic actuators; PDE model ID INFINITE-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS; FLEXIBLE STRUCTURES; APPROXIMATIONS; COMPENSATORS; EQUATIONS AB Issues regarding the experimental implementation of PDE-based controllers are discussed in this work. While the motivating application involves the reduction of vibration levels for a circular plate through excitation of surface-mounted piezoceramic patches, the general techniques described here will extend to a variety of applications. The initial step is the development of a PDE model which accurately captures the physics of the underlying process. This model is then discretized to yield a vector-valued initial value problem. Optimal control theory is used to determine continuous-time voltages to the patches, and the approximations needed to facilitate discrete-time implementation are addressed. Finally, experimental results demonstrating the control of both transient and steady-state vibrations through these techniques are presented. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH,AMES,IA 50011. NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,LOCKHEED ENGN & SCI CO,HAMPTON,VA 23681. NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,ACOUST DIV,HAMPTON,VA 23681. NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,USA,RES LAB,HAMPTON,VA 23681. RP Banks, HT (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,CTR RES SCI COMPUTAT,RALEIGH,NC 27695, USA. NR 39 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 0363-0129 J9 SIAM J CONTROL OPTIM JI SIAM J. Control Optim. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 35 IS 4 BP 1263 EP 1296 DI 10.1137/S0363012995285909 PG 34 WC Automation & Control Systems; Mathematics, Applied SC Automation & Control Systems; Mathematics GA XG743 UT WOS:A1997XG74300009 ER PT J AU Dai, WL Woodward, PR AF Dai, WL Woodward, PR TI A high-order Godunov-type scheme for shock interactions in ideal magnetohydrodynamics SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE hyperbolic conservation laws; finite difference methods; Godunov-type method; MHD shocks; Riemann problems ID CONSERVATIVE DIFFERENCE SCHEME; LAWS; EQUATIONS AB A high-order Godunov-type scheme is developed for the shock interactions in ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). The scheme is based on a nonlinear Riemann solver and follows the basic procedure in the piecewise parabolic method. The scheme takes into account all the discontinuities in ideal MHD and is in a strict conservation form. The scheme is applied to numerical examples, which include shock-tube problems in ideal MHD and various interactions between strong MHD shocks. All the waves involved in the corresponding Riemann problems are resolved and are correctly displayed in the simulation results. The correctness of the scheme is shown by the comparison between the simulation results and the solutions of the Riemann problems. The robustness of the scheme is demonstrated through the numerical examples. It is shown that the scheme offers the principle advantages of a high-order Godunov-type scheme: robust operation in the presence of very strong waves, thin shock fronts, and thin contact and slip surface discontinuities. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA, ARMY HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP RES CTR, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. RP UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT PHYS, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. NR 27 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 EI 1095-7197 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 18 IS 4 BP 957 EP 981 DI 10.1137/S1064827593257729 PG 25 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA XG742 UT WOS:A1997XG74200001 ER PT J AU Dai, WL Woodward, PR AF Dai, WL Woodward, PR TI An iterative Riemann solver for relativistic hydrodynamics SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE shock; Riemann problem; relativistic flows; Godunov scheme ID BLACK-HOLE ACCRETION; NONOSCILLATORY SCHEMES AB An approximate method for solving the Riemann problem is needed to construct Godunov schemes for relativistic hydrodynamical equations. Such an approximate Riemann solver is presented in this paper which treats all waves emanating from an initial discontinuity as themselves discontinuous. Therefore, jump conditions for shocks are approximately used for rarefaction waves. The solver is easy to implement in a Godunov scheme and converges rapidly for relativistic hydrodynamics. The fast convergence of the solver indicates the potential of a higher performance of a Godunov scheme in which the solver is used. RP UNIV MINNESOTA, SCH PHYS & ASTRON, INST SUPERCOMP, ARMY HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP RES CTR, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. NR 23 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 EI 1095-7197 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 18 IS 4 BP 982 EP 995 DI 10.1137/S1064827595282234 PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA XG742 UT WOS:A1997XG74200002 ER PT J AU Swami, A Giannakis, GB Zhou, GT AF Swami, A Giannakis, GB Zhou, GT TI Bibliography on higher-order statistics SO SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Bibliography DE higher-order statistics; cumulants; polyspectra; bispectrum; trispectrum; bicoherence; tricoherence; bicepstra; tricepstra; nonlinear models C1 USA,AMSRL,IS,TA,ADELPHI,MD 20783. NR 0 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-1684 J9 SIGNAL PROCESS JI Signal Process. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 60 IS 1 BP 65 EP 126 DI 10.1016/S0165-1684(97)00065-0 PG 62 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA XT480 UT WOS:A1997XT48000006 ER PT J AU Novak, MJ Baskin, SI AF Novak, MJ Baskin, SI TI Effects of inorganic anionic sulfur species on the spectrophotometric properties of RNA SO TOXICOLOGY METHODS LA English DT Article DE in vitro mustard assay; RNA; thiosulfate ID POSSIBLE REGULATORY ROLE; MUSTARD GAS; DNA; ACID; ALKYLATION; PROTEINS; BINDING; SITE AB This paper describes changes in the ultraviolet spectra of ribonucleic acid (RNA) that occur in the presence of inorganic anionic sulfur species. As part of a larger program for validating an in vitro screen for testing the safety and efficacy of potential sulfur mustard (HD) antagonists, this work suggests that modification of RNA may occur in the presence of anionic sulfur moieties. Although the exact mechanism of the modification is unclear, it may explain why compounds such as thiosulfate are effective as pretreatments for sulfur mustard intoxication under certain conditions. Alteration of certain intracellular components may act to preserve signal transduction at the RNA message step. C1 USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,DIV PHARMACOL,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. RP Novak, MJ (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,DIV DRUG ASSESSMENT,3100 RICKETTS POINT RD,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010, USA. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 1051-7235 J9 TOXICOL METHOD JI Toxicol. Method. PD JUL-SEP PY 1997 VL 7 IS 3 BP 191 EP 204 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA YH827 UT WOS:A1997YH82700003 ER PT J AU Koplovitz, I Schulz, S Shutz, M Railer, R Smith, F Okerberg, C Filbert, M AF Koplovitz, I Schulz, S Shutz, M Railer, R Smith, F Okerberg, C Filbert, M TI Memantine effects on soman-induced seizures and seizure-related brain damage SO TOXICOLOGY METHODS LA English DT Article DE brain damage; memantine; seizures; soman ID METHYL-D-ASPARTATE; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR SOMAN; STATUS-EPILEPTICUS; ANTICONVULSANT; MK-801; PHENCYCLIDINE; NEUROTOXICITY; PILOCARPINE; RESPONSES; GLUTAMATE AB Excitatory amino acids have been implicated in the seizures and seizure-related brain damage (SRBD) resulting from soman intoxication. Memantine (Mem) is an open channel blocker of the glutaminergic NMDA receptor subtype reported to have anticonvulsant activity against soman. The aim of the present experiments was to evaluate the effect of Mem on electrographic seizure activity (EGSA) and SRBD produced by soman. Male rats were implanted with cortical screw electrodes for recording bipolar electrocorticograms and allowed to recover for 5-7 days. EGSA was precipitated by injecting soman (180 mu g/kg, SC) 30 min after HI6 (125 mg/kg, IP) pretreatment. Saline, Mem (18 mg/kg), atropine (A;10 mg/kg), or Mem + A was administered IP either 5 or 40 min after the onset of EGSA. Saline-treated animals displayed limbic convulsive behaviors and EGSA lasting for 4 or more hours. Mem or Mem + A suppressed behavioral signs of soman intoxication, but did not terminate EGSA or prevent SRBD. These results indicate that soman-induced seizures are not ameliorated by Mem or Mem + A, and that the presence or absence of soman-induced seizures cannot be verified reliably through behavioral observations alone. C1 USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,DIV PHARMACOL,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. RP Koplovitz, I (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,MCMR UV BD,DRUG ASSESSMENT DIV,3100 RICKETTS POINT RD,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010, USA. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 1051-7235 J9 TOXICOL METHOD JI Toxicol. Method. PD JUL-SEP PY 1997 VL 7 IS 3 BP 227 EP 239 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA YH827 UT WOS:A1997YH82700005 ER PT J AU Adler, M Dinterman, RE Wannemacher, RW AF Adler, M Dinterman, RE Wannemacher, RW TI Protection by the heavy metal chelator N,N,N',N'-tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN) against the lethal action of botulinum neurotoxin A and B SO TOXICON LA English DT Article ID NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; TETANUS TOXIN; NEUROMUSCULAR-JUNCTION; SYNAPSE FORMATION; ZINC; PROTEIN; CELLS AB The ability of N,N,N',N'-tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl)-ethyenediamine (TPEN) to protect against botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) A and B was examined in vivo in mice. To determine the protective effcacy of TPEN, mice were injected i.p. with TPEN as a single bolus or as multiple injections 30 min before and 0, 2, 4 and 6 hr following i.v. challenges with BoNT-A or -B. TPEN treatment did not alter the 24 hr lethality of BoNT but did produce a significant delay in the time to death. For a moderate dose of serotype A (20 LD50), five divided doses of TPEN prolonged the time to death from 7.8 +/- 0.4 hr to 9.9 +/- 0.5 hr. For serotype B, examined under comparable conditions, the prolongation of the time to death was from 6.1 +/- 0.2 hr to 9.4 +/- 0.6 hr. The range of TPEN doses that could be examined in vivo was limited by its acute toxicity, Although low doses of TPEN (less than or equal to 10 mg/kg) were well tolerated, higher doses (greater than or equal to 30 mg/kg) led to ataxia, loss of coordination, convulsions and death in 20.3 min or less. In clonal NG108-15 cells, TPEN was found to produce cytotoxicity as revealed by increases in the secretion of the marker enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and enhanced reactivity with the vital dye trypan blue. From LDH concentration-response data determined 24 hr after addition of TPEN, the threshold concentration for observing cytotoxicity was 10 mu M and the IC50 was 19.8 mu M. At the highest TPEN concentration tested (100 mu M), cytotoxicity was detected 8 hr after TPEN addition and increased in severity over a 3 day period. The cytotoxicity in NG108-15 cells appears to be distinct from the rapid-onset toxicity observed in whole animals. These results suggest that TPEN may be of potential benefit in delaying the lethal actions of BoNT-A and -B, but its use is limited by its initial and delayed toxicity. Since the therapeutic and toxic actions of TPEN are both related to zinc chelation, the use of TPEN would need to be restricted to low doses as part of a combination therapy. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,TOXINOL DIV,FREDERICK,MD 21701. RP Adler, M (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,NEUROTOXICOL BRANCH,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010, USA. NR 25 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD JUL PY 1997 VL 35 IS 7 BP 1089 EP 1100 DI 10.1016/S0041-0101(96)00215-2 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA XK243 UT WOS:A1997XK24300010 PM 9248007 ER PT J AU Pradutkanchana, J Silpapojakul, K Paxton, H Pradutkanchana, S Kelly, DJ Strickman, D AF Pradutkanchana, J Silpapojakul, K Paxton, H Pradutkanchana, S Kelly, DJ Strickman, D TI Comparative evaluation of four serodiagnostic tests for scrub typhus in Thailand SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE scrub typhus; Orientia tsutsugamushi; diagnosis; dot-blot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Dip-S-Ticks(TM); Thailand ID RICKETTSIA-TSUTSUGAMUSHI; ANTIBODY; ILLNESS AB The commercial dot-blot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Dip-S-Ticks(TM) dipstick test was compared with the indirect immunoperoxidase (IIP) and Weil-Felix (WF) tests for the diagnosis of scrub typhus, using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFA) as the reference standard. With a panel of 117 positive and 75 negative sera, the dipstick test was 94% sensitive and 98.7% specific at a cut-off value of one or more positive dots. The IIP was 90.6% sensitive and 100% specific at a cut-off titre of 1:400, and was more sensitive than the IFA with acute sera (79.6% vs. 68.5% at a titre greater than or equal to 1:400). All 3 were superior to the WF, which lacked sensitivity. The dipstick assay was easy to perform and did not require sophisticated electrical equipment, and the results were available within one hour. It is therefore suitable for use in rural Thailand, where scrub typhus is common. C1 PRINCE SONGKLA UNIV, DEPT MED, FAC MED, SONGKHLA 90112, THAILAND. PRINCE SONGKLA UNIV, DEPT PATHOL, FAC MED, SONGKHLA 90112, THAILAND. INTEGRATED DIAGNOST, BALTIMORE, MD 21227 USA. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, DEPT RICKETTSIAL DIS, WASHINGTON, DC USA. NATL NAVAL MED CTR, VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS PROGRAM, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. NR 31 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0035-9203 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL-AUG PY 1997 VL 91 IS 4 BP 425 EP 428 DI 10.1016/S0035-9203(97)90266-2 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA XU339 UT WOS:A1997XU33900022 PM 9373640 ER PT J AU Thibault, G Shandera, K Deshon, GE AF Thibault, G Shandera, K Deshon, GE TI Bilateral perinephric urinomas SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article C1 TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,UROL SERV,DEPT ARMY,HONOLULU,HI 96859. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD JUL PY 1997 VL 50 IS 1 BP 120 EP 120 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(97)00193-3 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XJ076 UT WOS:A1997XJ07600023 PM 9218031 ER PT J AU Drabick, JJ Tang, DB Moran, EE Trofa, AF Foster, JS Zollinger, WD AF Drabick, JJ Tang, DB Moran, EE Trofa, AF Foster, JS Zollinger, WD TI A randomized, placebo-controlled study of oral cimetidine as an immunopotentiator of parenteral immunization with a group B meningococcal vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE cimetidine; immunoaugmentation; meningococcal; vaccine; adjuvant AB Cimetidine (CIM) is an H2-receptor antagonist with a long history of clinical rue in peptic ulcer disease. In addition to its inhibitory effect upon gastric acid secretion, CIM can also block histamine-mediated immunosuppression by inhibiting H2 receptors on suppressor T cells. CIM results in immunoaugmentation of both cellular and humoral immunity by this mechanism and has been used clinically in the treatment of chronic infectious and neoplastic diseases. We postulated that orally administered CIM, like an adjuvant, could augment the immunologic response to a parenteral vaccine. To test this hypothesis, a radomized placebo (PLB)-controlled, double-blinded study in 14 healthy volunteers was performed using a Group B meningococcal outer membrane protein (OMP) vaccine administered twice, 6 weeks apart. Volunteers were randomized within pairs defined by their screening OMP antibody titers to receive either CIM or PLB which was administered for 5 days, beginning 2 days before each of the two in immunizations All 14 volunteers completed the study with excellent compliance. Sera were tested for anti-OMP and bactericidal antibodies. The groups were comparable in terms of gender distribution age and baseline anti-OMP titers. Reactogenicity to the vaccine was mild and comparable between groups. There was little effect of CIM (over PLB) on anti-OMP or functional bactericidal antibody levels over time. Geometric means of maximum OMP antibody, increase over baseline was 3.3-fold (95% CI: 1.8-6.3) for CIM and 2.4 for PLB (CI: 1.6-3.7). CIM had a corresponding 3.9-fold increase (CI: 1.9-8.3) in bactericidal antibody level compared to 2.2 for PLB (CI. 1.4-3.4). We conclude that oral CIM was not effective as an immunopotentiator of immunization with this group B meningococcal vaccine. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV BIOMETR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,CLIN TRIALS SECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Drabick, JJ (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BACTERIAL DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL PY 1997 VL 15 IS 10 BP 1144 EP 1148 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(96)00311-8 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA XQ514 UT WOS:A1997XQ51400016 PM 9269060 ER PT J AU Steele, KE Schulman, FY Mena, H Strimple, EO AF Steele, KE Schulman, FY Mena, H Strimple, EO TI Rhabdoid tumor in the brain of a dog SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE brain neoplasms; dogs; immunohistochemistry; rhabdoid tumor; ultrastructure ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; NATIONAL-WILMS-TUMOR; PATHOLOGY-CENTER; NEOPLASMS; FEATURES; KIDNEY AB Rhabdoid tumor is a neoplasm of uncertain cellular origin recognized in humans. These tumors most commonly arise in the kidneys of children, but they can also affect many extrarenal sites, including the central nervous system. Similar neoplasms have not been reported in nonprimate species. A malignant brain tumor in a young dog was characterized by large cells with globular intracytoplasmic inclusions composed of intermediate filaments. By immunohistochemistry, neoplastic cells were uniformly reactive for vimentin and demonstrated scattered reactivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein and neuron-specific enolase. The intermediate filaments also reacted with vimentin antibodies by immunogold electron microscopy. The findings in this case are remarkably similar to the histologic, ultrastructural, and immunocytochemical features of rhabdoid tumors in humans. RP Steele, KE (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV PATHOL,FT DETRICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL VET PATHOLOGIST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD JUL PY 1997 VL 34 IS 4 BP 359 EP 363 PG 5 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA XM434 UT WOS:A1997XM43400015 PM 9240848 ER PT J AU Johnson, AA Tezduyar, TE AF Johnson, AA Tezduyar, TE TI 3D simulation of fluid-particle interactions with the number of particles reaching 100 SO COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID FINITE-ELEMENT METHODS; INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; CONNECTION MACHINE; CM-5 AB A high performance computing research tool has been developed for 3D simulation of fluid-particle interactions with the number of particles reaching 100. The tool is based on a stabilized space-time finite element formulation for moving boundaries and interfaces and parallel computing. Other components of this tool include: fast automatic mesh generation with structured layers of elements around the particles and unstructured meshes elsewhere; an automatic mesh moving method combined with remeshing as needed; accurate and efficient projection of the solution between the old and new meshes after each remesh; surface mesh refinement as two spheres or a sphere and the tube wall get close; and multi-platform computing. We apply this tool to the simulation of two cases involving 101 spheres falling in a liquid-filled tube. In both cases the initial distribution of the spheres in the tube is random. In the first simulation the size of the spheres is also random, whereas in the second case it is uniform. We demonstrate that the tool developed can be used for simulation of this class of problems with computing durations kept at acceptable levels. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,ARMY HPC RES CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55415. RI Tezduyar, Tayfun/F-6134-2012 OI Tezduyar, Tayfun/0000-0001-8707-3162 NR 21 TC 130 Z9 134 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0045-7825 J9 COMPUT METHOD APPL M JI Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng. PD JUN 30 PY 1997 VL 145 IS 3-4 BP 301 EP 321 DI 10.1016/S0045-7825(96)01223-6 PG 21 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA XD795 UT WOS:A1997XD79500007 ER PT J AU Johnson, AA Tezduyar, TE AF Johnson, AA Tezduyar, TE TI Parallel computation of incompressible flows with complex geometries SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd US/Japan Symposium on Finite Element Methods in Large-Scale Computational Fluid Dynamics CY APR 01-03, 1996 CL UNIV MINNESOTA, MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP Univ Minnesota, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Univ Minnesota, Supercomp Inst HO UNIV MINNESOTA DE parallel flow simulation; complex geometries; mesh generation; automobile ID 3-DIMENSIONAL MESH GENERATION; CONNECTION MACHINE; FINITE; SIMULATION AB We present our numerical methods for the solution of large-scale incompressible flow applications with complex geometries. These methods include a stabilized finite element formulation of the Navier-Stokes equations, implementation of this formulation on parallel architectures such as the Thinking Machines CM-5 and the GRAY T3D, and automatic 3D mesh generation techniques based on Delaunay-Voronoi methods for the discretization of complex domains. Ail three of these methods are required for the numerical simulation of most engineering applications involving fluid flow. We apply these methods to the simulation of airflow past an automobile and fluid-particle interactions. The simulation of airflow past an automobile is of very large scale with a high level of detail and yielded many interesting airflow patterns which help in understanding the aerodynamic characteristics of such vehicles. (C) 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,ARMY HPC RES CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55415. RI Tezduyar, Tayfun/F-6134-2012 OI Tezduyar, Tayfun/0000-0001-8707-3162 NR 37 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0271-2091 J9 INT J NUMER METH FL JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids PD JUN 30 PY 1997 VL 24 IS 12 BP 1321 EP 1340 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0363(199706)24:12<1321::AID-FLD562>3.3.CO;2-C PG 22 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA XH170 UT WOS:A1997XH17000006 ER PT J AU Kalro, V Aliabadi, S Garrard, W Tezduyar, T Mittal, S Stein, K AF Kalro, V Aliabadi, S Garrard, W Tezduyar, T Mittal, S Stein, K TI Parallel finite element simulation of large ram-air parachutes SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd US/Japan Symposium on Finite Element Methods in Large-Scale Computational Fluid Dynamics CY APR 01-03, 1996 CL UNIV MINNESOTA, MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP Univ Minnesota, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Univ Minnesota, Supercomp Inst HO UNIV MINNESOTA DE parallel computations; parachutes; 3D flow simulations ID COMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; MOVING BOUNDARIES; COMPUTATION; INTERFACES AB In the near future, large ram-air parachutes are expected to provide the capability of delivering 21 ton payloads from altitudes as high as 25,000 ft. In development and test and evaluation of these parachutes the size of the parachute needed and the deployment stages involved make high-performance computing (HPC) simulations a desirable alternative to costly airdrop tests. Although computational simulations based on realistic, 3D, time-dependent models will continue to be a major computational challenge, advanced finite element simulation techniques recently developed for this purpose and the execution of these techniques on HPC platforms are significant steps in the direction to meet this challenge. In this paper, two approaches for analysis of the inflation and gliding of ram-air parachutes are presented. In one of the approaches the point mass flight mechanics equations are solved with the time-varying drag and lift areas obtained from empirical data This approach is limited to parachutes with similar configurations to those for which data are available. The other approach is 3D finite element computations based on the Navier-Stokes equations governing the airflow around the parachute canopy and Newton's law of motion governing the 3D dynamics of the canopy, with the forces acting on the canopy calculated from the simulated flow held. At the earlier stages of canopy inflation the parachute is modelled as an expanding box, whereas at the later stages, as it expands, the box transforms to a parafoil and glides. These finite element computations are carried out on the massively parallel supercomputers GRAY T3D and Thinking Machines CM-5, typically with millions of coupled, non-linear finite element equations solved simultaneously at every time step or pseudo-time step of the simulation. (C) 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,ARMY HPC RES CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55415. INDIAN INST TECHNOL,KANPUR 208016,UTTAR PRADESH,INDIA. USA,NATICK RES DEV & ENGN CTR,NATICK,MA 01760. RI Tezduyar, Tayfun/F-6134-2012 OI Tezduyar, Tayfun/0000-0001-8707-3162 NR 21 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0271-2091 J9 INT J NUMER METH FL JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids PD JUN 30 PY 1997 VL 24 IS 12 BP 1353 EP 1369 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0363(199706)24:12<1353::AID-FLD564>3.0.CO;2-6 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA XH170 UT WOS:A1997XH17000008 ER PT J AU Sturek, WB Ray, S Aliabadi, S Waters, C Tezduyar, TE AF Sturek, WB Ray, S Aliabadi, S Waters, C Tezduyar, TE TI Parallel finite element computation of missile aerodynamics SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd US/Japan Symposium on Finite Element Methods in Large-Scale Computational Fluid Dynamics CY APR 01-03, 1996 CL UNIV MINNESOTA, MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP Univ Minnesota, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Univ Minnesota, Supercomp Inst HO UNIV MINNESOTA DE parallel computing methods; compressible flows; missile aerodynamics ID ALGORITHM AB A flow simulation tool, developed by the authors at the Army HPC Research Center, for compressible flows governed by the Navier-Stokes equations is used to study missile aerodynamics at supersonic speeds, high angles of attack and for large Reynolds numbers. The goal of this study is the evaluation of this Navier-Stokes computational technique for the prediction of separated flow fields around high-length-to-diameter (L/D) bodies. In particular, this paper addresses two issues: (i) turbulence modelling with a finite element computational technique and (ii) efficient performance of the computational technique on two different multiprocessor mainframes, the Thinking Machines CM-5 and GRAY T3D. The paper first provides a discussion of the Navier-Stokes computational technique and the algorithm issues for achieving efficient performance on the CM-5 and T3D. Next, comparisons are shown between the computation and experiment for supersonic ramp flow to evaluate the suitability of the turbulence model. Following that, results of the computations for missile flow fields are shown for laminar and turbulent viscous effects. (C) 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,ARMY HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP RES CTR,DEPT MECH & AEROSP ENGN,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55415. RP Sturek, WB (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005, USA. RI Tezduyar, Tayfun/F-6134-2012 OI Tezduyar, Tayfun/0000-0001-8707-3162 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0271-2091 J9 INT J NUMER METH FL JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids PD JUN 30 PY 1997 VL 24 IS 12 BP 1417 EP 1432 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA XH170 UT WOS:A1997XH17000011 ER PT J AU Wren, GP Ray, SE Aliabadi, SK Tezduyar, TE AF Wren, GP Ray, SE Aliabadi, SK Tezduyar, TE TI Simulation of flow problems with moving mechanical components, fluid-structure interactions and two-fluid interfaces SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd US/Japan Symposium on Finite Element Methods in Large-Scale Computational Fluid Dynamics CY APR 01-03, 1996 CL UNIV MINNESOTA, MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP Univ Minnesota, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Univ Minnesota, Supercomp Inst HO UNIV MINNESOTA DE flow simulation; moving mechanical components; fluid-structure interactions; two-fluid interfaces ID FINITE-ELEMENT COMPUTATION; COMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; DYNAMICS; FORMULATIONS; BOUNDARIES; EQUATIONS AB The application of a stabilized space-time finite element formulation to problems involving fluid-structure interactions and two-fluid interfaces is discussed. Two sample problems are presented and the method is validated by comparison with a test problem. (C) 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT AEROSP ENGN & MECH,ARMY HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP RES CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55415. RP Wren, GP (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,WEAPONS & MAT RES DIRECTORATE,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005, USA. RI Tezduyar, Tayfun/F-6134-2012 OI Tezduyar, Tayfun/0000-0001-8707-3162 NR 30 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0271-2091 J9 INT J NUMER METH FL JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids PD JUN 30 PY 1997 VL 24 IS 12 BP 1433 EP 1448 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0363(199706)24:12<1433::AID-FLD568>3.3.CO;2-L PG 18 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA XH170 UT WOS:A1997XH17000012 ER PT J AU Yeckel, A Smith, JW Derby, JJ AF Yeckel, A Smith, JW Derby, JJ TI Parallel finite element calculation of flow in a three-dimensional lid-driven cavity using the CM-5 and T3D SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd US/Japan Symposium on Finite Element Methods in Large-Scale Computational Fluid Dynamics CY APR 01-03, 1996 CL UNIV MINNESOTA, MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP Univ Minnesota, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Univ Minnesota, Supercomp Inst HO UNIV MINNESOTA DE parallel finite element; three-dimensional; incompressible; steady; flow ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; MATERIALS PROCESSING SYSTEMS; MASSIVELY-PARALLEL; VISCOUS FLOWS; VISUALIZATION; COMPUTATIONS; GROWTH AB Steady flows in a three-dimensional lid-driven cavity at moderate Reynolds number are studied using various methods of parallel programming on the Gray T3D and Thinking Machines CM-5. These three-dimensional flows are compared with flows computed in a two-dimensional cavity. Solutions at Reynolds number up to 500 agree well with the experimental data of Aidun et al. (Phys. Fluids A, 3, 2081-2091 (1991)) for the location of separation of the secondary eddy at the downstream wall. Convergence of the three-dimensional problem using GMRES with diagonal preconditioning could not be obtained at Reynolds number greater than about 500. We speculate that the source of the difficulty is the loss of stability via pitchfork and Hopf bifurcations identified by Aidun et al. The relative performance of various methods of message passing on the Gray T3D is compared with the data-parallel mode of programming on the CM-5. No clear advantage between machines or message-passing methods is distinguished. (C) 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. UNIV MINNESOTA,ARMY HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP RES CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RI Derby, Jeffrey/B-9706-2009; OI Derby, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6418-2155 NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0271-2091 J9 INT J NUMER METH FL JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids PD JUN 30 PY 1997 VL 24 IS 12 BP 1449 EP 1461 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0363(199706)24:12<1449::AID-FLD569>3.0.CO;2-8 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA XH170 UT WOS:A1997XH17000013 ER PT J AU Lee, C Gido, SP Pitsikalis, M Mays, JW Tan, NB Trevino, SF Hadjichristidis, N AF Lee, C Gido, SP Pitsikalis, M Mays, JW Tan, NB Trevino, SF Hadjichristidis, N TI Asymmetric single graft block copolymers: Effect of molecular architecture on morphology SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID 3-MIKTOARM AB This paper reports on the synthesis and morphological characterization of graft, block copolymers in which a single polystyrene (PS) arm was grafted at an asymmetric position along a polyisoprene (PI) backbone. These materials represent a model series of asymmetric simple graft (ASG) block copolymer structures. The synthesis of these materials was carried out with methods developed for three-arm ''miktoarm'' star copolymers using anionic polymerization high-vacuum techniques with cholorosilane linking agents. The three arms were two polyisoprene blocks with different degrees of polymerization and one deuterated polystyrene block, which formed an asymmetric simple graft structure (ASG). Molecular characterization was performed using size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with refractive index and UV detection, membrane osmometry, and low-angle laser light scattering. These techniques confirmed that the materials exhibited narrow molecular weight distributions and low compositional heterogeneity. The morphologies formed by these samples were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small-angle neutron scattering(SANS). The ASG structures were compared with structures formed by Linear diblock copolymers and other samples having miktoarm structures, like I2S (symmetric simple graft with PI backbone and one PS branch grafted from the middle) and I3S (three equal PI arms and one PS arm). Comparisons of the morphologies formed and their dimensions indicated that the chain stretching and lateral crowding due to the miktoarm architecture was partially alleviated by the different lengths of PI blocks in ASG. C1 UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,DEPT POLYMER SCI & ENGN,WM KECK ELECTRON MICROSCOPY LAB,AMHERST,MA 01003. UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT CHEM,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. USA,RES LAB,POLYMERS RES BRANCH,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21100. NIST,DIV REACTOR RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. INST ELECT STRUCT & LASER,GR-71110 IRAKLION,CRETE,GREECE. UNIV ATHENS,DEPT CHEM,GR-15771 PANEPISTIMIOPOLI,GREECE. NR 19 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUN 30 PY 1997 VL 30 IS 13 BP 3732 EP 3738 DI 10.1021/ma970172p PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA XH723 UT WOS:A1997XH72300003 ER PT J AU Chen, R Connelly, RR Mantel, N AF Chen, R Connelly, RR Mantel, N TI The efficiency of the sets and the cuscore techniques under biased baseline rates SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM AB Statistical techniques used for surveillance of disease incidence rates are generally based on the assumption of known baseline rate of the disease monitored, whereas actually it is an estimate obtained from a large sample, As a result, the time interval until true or false alarm is shorter or longer than assumed. In this study, we evaluate the performance of the sets and of the cuscore techniques when the estimate of the baseline rate is biased. We evaluate the effect of an underestimated baseline rate with respect to frequency of false alarms and to that of an over estimated rate with respect to the delay until elicitation of a true alarm. We evaluate the effects of 5 per cent and 10 per cent bias in the estimated baseline rate for specified conditions associated with sparse data The results show that the effect of plus or minus 5 per cent bias in the estimate are moderate and those of 10 per cent we substantial. In general, the effect of an overestimated baseline rate is greater on the sets technique than it is on the cuscore technique and the effect of an underestimated rate is greater on the cuscore technique than it is on the sets technique. However, the differences between the two techniques are small on both perspectives. The two methods differ also with respect to the expected time until true alarm when the specified baseline rate is unbiased. The sets technique is the more efficient in detecting a two-fold increased rate when the number of diagnoses expected annually (E(X)) is less than 1.62, and the cuscore is the more efficient technique when E(X) > 1.62. We use the term 'turning point' to define the regions in which the sets technique and the cuscore techniques are preferred. With an estimated baseline rate that is 5 per cent higher than the actual rate, the turning point falls from 1.62 to 1.45 when the rate is twice the baseline rate, and from 5.75 to 4.34 when the rate is triple the baseline rate. (C) 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,CTR PROSTRATE DIS RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. AMERICAN UNIV,DEPT MATH & STAT,POTOMAC,MD 20854. RP Chen, R (reprint author), ISRAEL INST BIOL RES,DEPT APPL MATH,POB 19,IL-74100 NESS ZIONA,ISRAEL. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0277-6715 J9 STAT MED JI Stat. Med. PD JUN 30 PY 1997 VL 16 IS 12 BP 1401 EP 1411 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19970630)16:12<1401::AID-SIM566>3.0.CO;2-7 PG 11 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Mathematics GA XH512 UT WOS:A1997XH51200007 PM 9232761 ER PT J AU Stenhouse, PJ Ratto, JA Schneider, NS AF Stenhouse, PJ Ratto, JA Schneider, NS TI Structure and properties of starch/poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) blown films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE starch; poly(ethylene-co-vinyl-alcohol); blown film extrusion; blends ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; THERMOPLASTIC STARCH; BLENDS; CORNSTARCH AB Blends of native corn starch and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (EVOH), with starch : EVOH ratios of 1 : 1 (SE-50) and 2 : 1 (SE-67A, SE-67B), were processed into blown films. SE-67A had a higher glycerol and water content and was processed at 5 degrees C higher than was SE-67B. The films were conditioned to various moisture contents by equilibrating at a constant relative humidity and by oven drying at 41 degrees C. Equilibrium moisture content, which ranged from 2 to 11%, increased with increasing starch content at a given relative humidity. Mechanical properties depended strongly on starch and moisture content as well as on processing history. The extension to break of SE-50 was only about one-third that of EVOH, while that of the 2 : 1 blends was even lower. SE-67A exhibited a higher extension to break, lower tensile strength and modulus, and greater moisture sensitivity than those of SE-67B. Differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis revealed evidence of interactions between starch and EVOH, probably indicative of extensive intermixing but not necessarily miscibility. Scanning electron micrographs of fracture surfaces revealed extensive differences in texture with microcracking in SE-50 and SE-67A. The combination of the analytical results provide a basis for explaining many aspects of the mechanical behavior including the marked difference in properties between SE-67A and SE-67B. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 USA,DIV BIOTECHNOL,NATICK RES DEV & ENGN CTR,NATICK,MA 01760. GEOCENTERS INC,NEWTON,MA 02159. NR 27 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD JUN 27 PY 1997 VL 64 IS 13 BP 2613 EP 2622 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19970627)64:13<2613::AID-APP15>3.0.CO;2-# PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA XA655 UT WOS:A1997XA65500015 ER PT J AU Hogan, A AF Hogan, A TI A synthesis of warm air advection to the South Polar Plateau SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XXIst General Assembly of the International-Union-of-Geodesy-and-Geophysics CY JUL 02-14, 1995 CL BOULDER, CO SP Int Union Geodesy & Geophys ID ANTARCTICA; TRANSPORT; SURFACE; SIMULATION; WINDS AB Surface temperature and wind chronologies of varying length and 10 m snow temperatures have been used to produce a synthesis of airflow into Antarctica. This synthesis shows relatively warm air over Ellsworth Land, which appears to enter the South Polar Plateau through a slightly lower-tying trough between the summit of the Transantarctic Mountains and the Polar Plateau. Comparison of recent automatic weather station (AWS) records from Mount Howe (88.5 degrees S, 150 degrees W) with four AWS surrounding South Pole at 89 degrees S show that this upslope inflow is a frequent and persistent phenomenon. RP Hogan, A (reprint author), USA, COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB, 72 LYME RD, HANOVER, NH 03755 USA. NR 47 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 27 PY 1997 VL 102 IS D12 BP 14009 EP 14020 DI 10.1029/97JD00282 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XH196 UT WOS:A1997XH19600051 ER PT J AU Hogan, AW Gow, AJ AF Hogan, AW Gow, AJ TI Occurrence frequency of thickness of annual snow accumulation layers at South Pole SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XXIst General Assembly of the International-Union-of-Geodesy-and-Geophysics CY JUL 02-14, 1995 CL BOULDER, CO SP Int Union Geodesy & Geophys ID TEMPORAL VARIATIONS; ANTARCTIC AEROSOLS AB This paper describes the frequency analysis of 2000 annual snow accumulation layers at the South Pole. It proposes application of this analysis to objective extraction of meteorological parameters from the South Pole snow accumulation record. We have compared the 200-year ''snow mine'' accumulation record of Giovinetto and Schwerdtfeger and a 2000-layer pit and core record obtained in 1982. Frequency analysis of the number of occurrences of layers with respect to thickness or mass of the layer showed the logarithms of thickness or mass to be normally distributed. This lognormality is quite robust. Arbitrary partitioning of the data by depth or systematic partition of the data by densification or firn-ice transition does not destroy the lognormality of the accumulation series. The geometric standard deviation of the mass of annual layers was the same as the geometric standard deviation of the thickness of these same layers as the layers densified from firn to ice. This agrees with Kapteyn's theory of transformability of lognormal distributions. We have also compared the snow accumulation and marine aerosol (sodium) accumulation in recent annual layers with the station meteorological record and the surface aerosol record. The amounts of snow and sodium accumulated are proportional to the number of warmings (''salt storms'') in most years of this short record. The accumulation record may be transformable to provide an index of this meridional transport. We propose that the magnitude of snow accumulation, with respect to frequency of that accumulation, provides an objective criterion for comparing individual years of meteorological history and that the geometric standard deviation of accumulation provides an objective index for estimation of climatic fluctuation during the period of accumulation. RP Hogan, AW (reprint author), USA, COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB, 72 LYME RD, HANOVER, NH 03755 USA. NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 27 PY 1997 VL 102 IS D12 BP 14021 EP 14027 DI 10.1029/97JD00280 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XH196 UT WOS:A1997XH19600052 ER PT J AU Roschke, V Kopantzev, E Dertzbaugh, M Rudikoff, S AF Roschke, V Kopantzev, E Dertzbaugh, M Rudikoff, S TI Chromosomal translocations deregulating c-myc are associated with normal immune responses SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Article DE c-myc; chromosomal translocation; B cell malignancy; tumor susceptibility ID MURINE PLASMACYTOMAS; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; CHOLERA-TOXIN; CELLS; LYMPHOMA; MICE; ONCOGENE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; DNA; DIFFERENTIATION AB Plasmacytomas induced in BALB/c mice by pristane consistently evidence chromosomal translocations involving the c-myc gene and one of the Ig loci. This obervation has lead to the suggestion that c-myc deregulation is a critical event in the generation of such tumors, However, it is not clear whether c-myc translocation is related to pristane treatment or occurs in normal lymphocyte populations nor whether such translocations occur normally, and at similar frequencies, in strains genetically resistant to plasmacytoma development, such as DBA/2, In order to address these questions, a Long Distance PCR assay with single copy sensitivity was employed to assess the frequency of c-myc/IgA translocations in normal and immunized mice of both plasmacytoma resistant and susceptible lineages in the absence of pristane treatment. Our data demonstrate that spontaneous translocations occur in normal DBA/2 and BALB/c mice with no significant differences in frequency, A 3-5-fold increase in translocation frequency was observed in mice immunized with cholera toxin, a strong stimulator of IgA responses, We conclude that c-myc deregulation by chromosomal translocation is associated with normal physiological processes of B-cell differentiation and, as such, can not be the determining factor leading to malignancy. C1 NCI,GENET LAB,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,FREDERICK,MD 21702. NR 43 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD JUN 26 PY 1997 VL 14 IS 25 BP 3011 EP 3016 DI 10.1038/sj.onc.1201156 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA XG100 UT WOS:A1997XG10000003 PM 9223664 ER PT J AU Kiang, JG AF Kiang, JG TI Corticotropin-releasing factor-like peptides increase cytosolic [Ca2+] in human epidermoid A-431 cells SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sauvagine; urotensin I; corticoliberin; CRF (corticotropin-releasing factor); epithelium; edema; Ca2+; inositol trisphosphate; CRF receptor; skin; tyrosine; phosphorylation ID PITUITARY-CELLS; INOSITOL TRISPHOSPHATE; FACTOR-RECEPTOR; UROTENSIN-I; RAT-BRAIN; OVINE CRF; (I); CLONING; CA-2+; EXPRESSION AB This study investigated whether sauvagine and urotensin I change [Ca2+](i) in human epidermoid A-431 cells and whether these changes are correlated with their anti-edema properties in vivo. A-331 cells were used because they possess the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor 2. Treatment with either sauvagine or urotensin I led to an immediate increase in [Ca2+],, the magnitude of which depended on the concentration of the drug. Sauvagine was more effective than urotensin I, with a median effective concentration (EC50) of 1.4 +/- 0.2 fM, compared to an EC50 of 66 +/- 7 fM for urotensin I. Both were more effective at stimulating increases in [Ca2+](i) than CRF (EC50 of 6.8 +/- 0.1 pM). There was a correlation between the EC50 for increasing [Ca2+](i) and the median effective dose (ED50) for inhibiting edema induced by heating rat paw (r = 0.99). Removal of extracellular Ca2+ or incubation with La3+ eliminated the increase in [Ca2+](i) stimulated by either peptide. Pretreatment with a CRF receptor antagonist reduced the increase in [Ca2+](i) by these peptides. This occurred in an antagonist concentration-dependent manner, with median inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 1.99 +/- 0.04 nM and 0.85 +/- 0.04 nM, respectively. Both pertussis toxin (an inhibitor of G proteins) and U-73122 (an inhibitor for inositol trisphosphate (InsP(3)) production) partially inhibited the increases. InsP, was measured to determine whether these peptides mobilized Ca2+ from an InsP(3)-sensitive store. Both sauvagine and urotensin I increased InsP(3). The InsP(3) increases were inhibited by U-73122 and CRF antagonist, but not by removal of external Ca2+. Both peptides elevated protein tyrosine phosphorylation. In summary, these peptides increase [Ca2+](i) as a result of Ca2+ influx via CRF receptor-operated Ca2+ channels coupled to pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins and a Ca2+ mobilization from InsP(3)-sensitive Ca2+ pools. Their in vivo effectiveness at inhibiting edema is related to their respective capacities to stimulate elevations of [Ca2+](i), supporting a role for intracellular Ca2+ in this process. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. RP Kiang, JG (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT CLIN PHYSIOL,DIV MED,ROOM 3117A,BLDG 40,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 29 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2999 J9 EUR J PHARMACOL JI Eur. J. Pharmacol. PD JUN 25 PY 1997 VL 329 IS 2-3 BP 237 EP 244 DI 10.1016/S0014-2999(97)00165-9 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA XH485 UT WOS:A1997XH48500018 PM 9226418 ER PT J AU Smith, LA Reid, PF Wang, FC Parcej, DN Schmidt, JJ Olson, MA Dolly, JO AF Smith, LA Reid, PF Wang, FC Parcej, DN Schmidt, JJ Olson, MA Dolly, JO TI Site-directed mutagenesis of dendrotoxin K reveals amino acids critical for its interaction with neuronal K+ channels SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DENDROASPIS-POLYLEPIS-POLYLEPIS; DEPENDENT POTASSIUM CHANNELS; SNAKE-VENOM TOXINS; GREEN MAMBA VENOM; BLACK MAMBA; ALPHA-DENDROTOXIN; RAT-BRAIN; PHENOTYPIC SELECTION; BINDING-PROPERTIES; PURIFICATION AB Dendrotoxin K (DTXK) is a 57-residue protein from mamba venom that blocks certain non-inactivating, voltage-activated K+ currents in neurones. In order to pinpoint the residues responsible for its specificity, structure-activity relations of DTXK were investigated by mutagenesis. A previously cloned gene encoding this toxin [Smith et al. (1993) Biochemistry 32, 5692-5697] was used to make single mutations; after expression in Escherichia coli as fusion proteins and enzymatic cleavage of the conjugates isolated from the periplasmic space, nine toxins were purified. Structural analysis of the native DTXK and representative mutants by circular dichroism showed that no significant differences were detectable in their folded structures. The biological activity of the mutants, which contained alterations of positively charged and other amino acids, was determined from their abilities to compete for the binding of I-125-labeled DTXK to K+ channels in synaptic plasma membranes from rat cerebral cortex. Mutants with residues substituted in the alpha-helix near the C-terminus (R52A or R53A) yielded binding parameters similar to those of wild-type and native DTXK. In the case of the beta-turn (residues 24-28), however, altering single amino acids reduced binding to the high-affinity site of K+ channels, with the rank order of decreases being K26A much greater than W25A > K24A = K28A. Also, substitutions made in the 3(10)-helix (residues 3-7), a region located close to the beta-turn, produced equivalent effects (K3A > K6A). Thus, it is deduced that residues in the distorted beta-turn and neighboring 3(10)-helix of DTXk are critical for its interaction with neuronal K+ channels. C1 UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,LONDON SW7 2AY,ENGLAND. RP Smith, LA (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DEPT IMMUNOL & MOL BIOL,DIV TOXICOL,FT DETRICK,FREDERICK,MD 21702, USA. RI Dolly, Oliver/G-1532-2012 OI Dolly, Oliver/0000-0002-0861-5320 NR 39 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUN 24 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 25 BP 7690 EP 7696 DI 10.1021/bi963105g PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA XG901 UT WOS:A1997XG90100007 PM 9201909 ER PT J AU Golenda, CF Li, J Rosenberg, R AF Golenda, CF Li, J Rosenberg, R TI Continuous in vitro propagation of the malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID DUFFY-BLOOD-GROUP; INVITRO; CHLOROQUINE; RESISTANCE; MEROZOITES; INVASION; CULTURE; CELLS AB The difficulty in controlling Plasmodium vivax, the most common cause of human malaria, has been complicated by growing drug resistance, We have established a method to cycle parasite generations in continuous culture using human blood cells, Chesson strain parasites were passaged from owl monkey erythrocytes to human reticulocytes in McCoy's 5A medium modified with L-glutamine with 25 mM Hepes buffer supplemented with 20% AB(+) human serum, Reticulocytes were separated by differential centrifugation in homologous plasma from the peripheral blood of a hemochromatosis patient, Parasites were grown during each 48-hr cycle in a static candle jar environment until the beginning of schizogony, at about 36-40 hr, when reticulocytes were added and cultures transferred to a shaker for 10-12 hr. The addition of a concentration of 10% reticulocytes resulted in stabilizing parasite densities between 0.28 and 0.57 after cycle 3 and increasing the total number of parasites at least 2-fold with each generational cycle, Cultured parasites successfully infected an owl monkey. The morphology of cultured parasites was typical of P. vivax, with highly ameboid trophozoites evident; holt-ever, infected erythrocytes were enlarged and distorted on thin film preparations, The species identity of cultivated parasites was confirmed by analysis of the A and C 18S rRNA genes from genomic DNA and expression of only the A gene during erythrocytic asexual growth. The ability to culture P. vivax opens new opportunities to develop vaccines, test drugs, and clone parasites for genome sequencing. C1 NIAID, PARASIT DIS LAB, NIH, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. RP Golenda, CF (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, DEPT ENTOMOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. NR 28 TC 86 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 6 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 24 PY 1997 VL 94 IS 13 BP 6786 EP 6791 DI 10.1073/pnas.94.13.6786 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA XH034 UT WOS:A1997XH03400037 PM 9192643 ER PT J AU Yang, Y Gould, RD Horie, Y Iyer, KR AF Yang, Y Gould, RD Horie, Y Iyer, KR TI Shock-induced chemical reactions in a Ni/Al powder mixture SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A new 50 mm powder gun was used to reproduce and to extend the real-time observations of ultra-fast exothermic reactions in a Ni/Al powder mixture at the shock front. Shock profiles measured by a manganin gauge show that (1) the threshold pressure for reaction is about 14 GPa; (2) the initiation criteria based either on shock energy or melting are in contradiction with experimental evidence. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA,RES OFF,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. RP Yang, Y (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,RALEIGH,NC 27695, USA. NR 7 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 23 PY 1997 VL 70 IS 25 BP 3365 EP 3367 DI 10.1063/1.119172 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XH231 UT WOS:A1997XH23100013 ER PT J AU Sanchez, JL Taylor, DN AF Sanchez, JL Taylor, DN TI Cholera SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID NORTH-AMERICAN VOLUNTEERS; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; EPIDEMIC CHOLERA; UNITED-STATES; O139 BENGAL; VACCINE; TRANSMISSION; BANGLADESH; LIVE; EFFICACY C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, DIV COMMUNICABLE DIS & IMMUNOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. USN, MED RES INST DETACHMENT, LIMA, PERU. RP Sanchez, JL (reprint author), USA, MED RES UNIT BRAZIL, APO, AA 34030 USA. NR 81 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUN 21 PY 1997 VL 349 IS 9068 BP 1825 EP 1830 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)04486-3 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XF735 UT WOS:A1997XF73500043 PM 9269227 ER PT J AU Saxena, A Raveh, L Ashani, Y Doctor, BP AF Saxena, A Raveh, L Ashani, Y Doctor, BP TI Structure of glycan moieties responsible for the extended circulatory life time of fetal bovine serum acetylcholinesterase and equine serum butyrylcholinesterase SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; RECOMBINANT HUMAN ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; MULTIPLE MOLECULAR-FORMS; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; N-GLYCOSYLATION; RHESUS-MONKEYS; CHOLINESTERASES; PROTECTION; SOMAN; EXPRESSION AB Cholinesterases are serine hydrolases that can potentially be used as pretreatment drugs for organophosphate toxicity, as drugs to alleviate succinylcholine-induced apnea, and as detoxification agents for environmental toxins such as heroin and cocaine. The successful application of serum-derived cholinesterases as bioscavengers stems from their relatively long residence rime in the circulation. To better understand the relationship between carbohydrate structure and the stability of cholinesterases in circulation, we determined the monosaccharide composition, the distribution of various oligosaccharides, and the structure of the major asparagine-linked oligosaccharides units present in fetal bovine serum acetylcholinesterase and equine serum butyrylcholinesterase. Our findings indicate that 70-80% of the oligosaccharides in both enzymes are negatively charged. This finding together with the molar ratio of galactose to sialic acid clearly suggests that the beta-galactose residues structures of the two major oligosaccharides from fetal bovine serum acetylcholinesterase and one major oligosaccharide from equine serum butyrylcholinesterase were determined. The three carbohydrate structures were of the biantennary complex type, but only the ones from fetal bovine serum acetylcholinesterase were fucosylated on the innermost N-acetylglucosamine residue of the core. Pharmacokinetic studies with native, desialylated, and deglycosylated forms of both enzymes indicate that the microheterogeneity in carbohydrate structure may be responsible, in part, for the multiphasic clearance of cholinesterases from the circulation of mice. C1 ISRAEL INST BIOL RES, IL-70450 NESS ZIONA, ISRAEL. RP Saxena, A (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, DIV BIOCHEM, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. NR 66 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUN 17 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 24 BP 7481 EP 7489 DI 10.1021/bi963156d PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA XE967 UT WOS:A1997XE96700022 PM 9200697 ER PT J AU Joshi, PC Ramanathan, S Desu, SB Stowell, S AF Joshi, PC Ramanathan, S Desu, SB Stowell, S TI Microstructural and electrical characteristics of rapid thermally processed (Ba1-xSrx)TiO3 thin films prepared by metalorganic solution deposition technique SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLIED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ACCESS MEMORY APPLICATIONS; DEVICES; SRTIO3 AB Barium strontium titanate thin films including barium titanate BaTiO3 and strontium titanate SrTiO3 end members were fabricated on Pt-coated silicon and bare silicon substrates by metalorganic solution deposition (MOSD) technique using acetate precursors. Polycrystalline (Ba1-xSrx)TiO3 thin films were obtained by rapid thermal annealing at 700 degrees C for 60 s. The films were characterized for electrical properties in terms of dielectric permitivity, dissipation factor: and de leakage current characteristics. Apeak in dielectric constant Nas observed for (Ba0.6Sr0.4)TiO3 composition at room temperature. The typical measured small signal dielectric constant and dissipation factor for 0.5 mu m-thick (Ba0.6Sr0.4)TiO3 films at 100 kHz were 450 and 0.012, respectively. (Ba0.6Sr0.4)TiO3 thin films exhibited a high voltage dependent tunability of 47% at an applied electric field of 0.5 MV/cm. The interfacial properties of Au/(Ba0.6Sr0.4)TiO3/Si structure were examined by high frequency C-V measurements. A charge storage density of 39.6 fC/mu m(2) and leakage current density of less than 10(-8) A/cm(2) were obtained for (Ba0.6Sr0.4)TiO3 thin films at an applied electric field of 100 kV/cm. C1 USA,RES LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005. RP Joshi, PC (reprint author), VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,213 HOLDEN HALL,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061, USA. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU AKADEMIE VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0031-8965 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI A JI Phys. Status Solidi A-Appl. Res. PD JUN 16 PY 1997 VL 161 IS 2 BP 361 EP 370 DI 10.1002/1521-396X(199706)161:2<361::AID-PSSA361>3.0.CO;2-0 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA XK653 UT WOS:A1997XK65300012 ER PT J AU Ohrt, C Richie, TL Widjaja, H Shanks, D Fitriadi, J Fryauff, DJ Handschin, J Tang, D Sandjaja, B Tjitra, E Hadiarso, L Watt, G Wignall, FS AF Ohrt, C Richie, TL Widjaja, H Shanks, D Fitriadi, J Fryauff, DJ Handschin, J Tang, D Sandjaja, B Tjitra, E Hadiarso, L Watt, G Wignall, FS TI Mefloquine compared with doxycycline for the prophylaxis of malaria in Indonesian soldiers - A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; EASTERN THAILAND; TRAVELERS; VIVAX; PRIMAQUINE; CHLOROQUINE; PREVENTION; REGIMENS; EFFICACY AB Background: Mefloquine and doxycycline are the two drugs recommended for prophylaxis of malaria for visitors to areas where Plasmodium falciparum is resistant to chloroquine. Objective: To compare the efficacy and tolerability of mefloquine with those of doxycycline as prophylaxis for malaria. Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled field trial of chemoprophylaxis of malaria. Setting: Northeastern Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Participants: 204 Indonesian soldiers. Intervention: After radical curative treatment, participants were randomly assigned to receive 100 mg of doxycycline per day and mefloquine placebo; 250 mg of mefloquine per week (preceded by a loading dose of 250 mg/d for 3 days) and doxycycline placebo; or placebos for both drugs. Prophylaxis lasted approximately 13 weeks. Measurements: The primary end point for efficacy was the first occurrence of malaria, as documented by a positive malaria smear. Malaria smears were obtained weekly I and when patients had symptoms suggesting malaria. Reported symptoms were recorded daily, and an exit study questionnaire was conducted. Results: In the placebo group, 53 of 69 soldiers developed malaria (9.1 person-years), resulting in an attack rate of 5.8 cases per person-year (95% CI, 4.3 to 7.7 cases per person-year). Plasmodium falciparum accounted for 57% of cases, and P. vivax accounted for 43% of cases. No malaria occurred in the 68 soldiers (16.9 person-years) in the mefloquine group; thus, the protective efficacy of mefloquine was 100% (CI, 96% to 100%). In the doxycycline group, P. falciparum malaria occurred in 1 of 67 soldiers (16.0 person-years), yielding a protective efficacy of 99% (CI, 94% to 100%). Both drugs were very well tolerated. Conclusions: Mefloquine and doxycycline were both highly efficacious and well tolerated as prophylaxis of malaria in Indonesian soldiers. RP Ohrt, C (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT CLIN PHARMACOL,DIV EXPT THERAPEUT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. RI Shanks, George Dennis/F-4056-2014 OI Shanks, George Dennis/0000-0001-5763-8660 NR 44 TC 109 Z9 109 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUN 15 PY 1997 VL 126 IS 12 BP 963 EP 972 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XE549 UT WOS:A1997XE54900009 PM 9182474 ER PT J AU Rajan, SD Laible, H Tucker, WB AF Rajan, SD Laible, H Tucker, WB TI A study of the evolution of the under-ice water layer during summer melt phase in an Arctic bay SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SEA AB An acoustic ice tomography experiment which extended over a 12-month period was conducted in the Sabine Bay area of the Canadian Archipelago. Acoustic transmitter and receiver arrays were deployed in the ice for this experiment. The Vertical arrays penetrated through the ice and extended into the water column. The acoustic data collected from the transmitter/receiver pairs in the water column are analyzed to investigate the changes in the sound speed structure of the water column. Analysis of the acoustic data shows significant changes in the sound speed structure in the upper 2 m of the water column during the summer melt phase. We associate these changes in sound speed with the influx of fresh water caused by the melting of ice cover, snow, and runoff from rivers. Other features of the acoustic data suggest (1) that the fresh water remained stagnant and the ice growth during the winter months was due to the freezing of the fresh water and (2) that ice formed around the transducers as the fresh water came into contact with it. As the study presented in this paper was not one of the goals of the tomography experiment, support measurements to validate the conclusions from the acoustic data, such as measurement of temperature and salinity in the water column, were not made. However, the analysis presented is a demonstration of the usefulness of this technique to monitor the changes that take place in the region beneath the ice cover. C1 USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,HANOVER,NH 03755. WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUN 15 PY 1997 VL 102 IS C6 BP 12587 EP 12592 DI 10.1029/97JC00586 PG 6 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA XF422 UT WOS:A1997XF42200017 ER PT J AU Liossis, SNC Ding, XZ Kiang, JG Tsokos, GC AF Liossis, SNC Ding, XZ Kiang, JG Tsokos, GC TI Overexpression of the heat shock protein 70 enhances the TCR/CD3- and Fas/Apo-1/CD95-mediated apoptotic cell death in Jurkat T cells SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN EPIDERMOID-A-431 CELLS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; STEROID-RECEPTOR; ACTIVATION; FAS; HSP90; PHOSPHORYLATION; LYMPHOCYTES; KINASE; HETEROCOMPLEX AB To investigate whether the protective effects of the 70-kDa beat shock protein (hsp70) extend to the apoptotic mode of cell death, we transfected jurkat T cells with the gene for the human hsp70 and challenged the cells with an anti-Fas mAb or with two different murine anti-CD3 mAbs, The anti-Fas mAb-triggered apoptotic cell death and the anti-CD3 mAb-mediated activation-induced cell death were significantly enhanced in the gene-transfected jurkat cells overexpressing hsp70 compared with the unmanipulated and the vector-transfected cells, On the other hand, the well-established protective effect that this protein offers to the cells was unaffected, as determined by enhanced viability of gene-transfected cells exposed to a lethal heat shock, To investigate the mechanisms that are responsible for the increased susceptibility of the gene-transfected cells to apoptotic death, we studied the TCR/CD3-initiated events that showed a significant down-regulation of the protein tyrosine phospborylation levels and the cytoplasmic free Ca2+ responses. As for the Fas/Apo-1/CD95-mediated early events, the activity of protein serine/threonine phosphatases was markedly increased in the cells overexpressing hsp70, Our study demonstrates that hsp70 overexpression offers thermoprotection but enhances TCR/CD3- and the Fas-induced apoptotic cell death, This phenomenon is associated with a down-regulation of the Ag receptor-initiated early signal transduction pathways and with an up-regulation of Fas-mediated early metabolic events. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT CLIN PHYSIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 60 TC 112 Z9 117 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JUN 15 PY 1997 VL 158 IS 12 BP 5668 EP 5675 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA XE749 UT WOS:A1997XE74900013 PM 9190915 ER PT J AU Vorontsov, MA Carhart, GW Ricklin, JC AF Vorontsov, MA Carhart, GW Ricklin, JC TI Adaptive phase-distortion correction based on parallel gradient-descent optimization SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We describe an adaptive wave-front control technique based on a parallel stochastic perturbation method that can be applied to a general class of adaptive-optical system. The efficiency of this approach is analyzed numerically and experimentally by use of a white-light adaptive-imaging system with an extended source. To create and compensate for static phase distortions, we use 127-element liquid-crystal phase modulators. Results demonstrate that adaptive wave-front correction by a parallel-perturbation technique can significantly improve image quality. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 USA,RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20823. RP Vorontsov, MA (reprint author), NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003, USA. NR 8 TC 148 Z9 182 U1 2 U2 13 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 1997 VL 22 IS 12 BP 907 EP 909 DI 10.1364/OL.22.000907 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA XE107 UT WOS:A1997XE10700021 PM 18185702 ER PT J AU Zoltani, CK KovesiDomokos, S Domokos, G AF Zoltani, CK KovesiDomokos, S Domokos, G TI Variational method in the statistical theory of turbulence SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article DE turbulence; variational principles ID DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB Variational principles are introduced in the statistical theory of turbulence. With the help of those, the various correlation functions are determined by extremizing certain functionals. As an illustration of the method, some sample calculations of mean flow profiles and two-point correlation functions of cylindrically symmetric free jets are carried out, both in a single-phase flow and a non-reactive two-phase one. A Rayleigh-Ritz method is used for the determination of the correlation functions. A judicious choice of the trial functions leads to the determination of the correlation functions with a modest amount of computation. The results are in reasonable agreement with experimental data. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,HENRY A ROWLAND DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. USA,RES LAB,ADV COMPUTAT & INFORMAT SERV DIRECTORATE,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD JUN 15 PY 1997 VL 105 IS 1-3 BP 185 EP 202 DI 10.1016/S0167-2789(97)83391-X PG 18 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA XE364 UT WOS:A1997XE36400011 ER PT J AU Schwartz, RN Wang, CC Trivedi, S Jagannathan, GV Davidson, FM Boyd, PR Lee, U AF Schwartz, RN Wang, CC Trivedi, S Jagannathan, GV Davidson, FM Boyd, PR Lee, U TI Spectroscopic and photorefractive characterization of cadmium telluride crystals codoped with vanadium and manganese SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; DOPED CDTE AB Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, secondary-ion mass spectrometry, and moving space charge field techniques were used to characterize semi-insulating cadmium telluride crystals codoped with vanadium and manganese. Photorefractive two-wave-mixing gains were observed for CdTe:Mn,V that were a factor of similar to 2 larger than that measured for singly doped CdTe:V. Secondary-ion mass spectrometry and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to establish the chemical identities, concentration levels, and charge states of the dopants that govern the photorefractive response in this semiconductor material. In CdTe:V,Mn only the Mn2+ EPR was observed; this result, combined with the photorefractive data, provides information regarding the existence of a manganese-related ionization level in the band gap of CdTe. C1 NEC RES INST,PRINCETON,NJ 08540. BRIMROSE CORP AMER,BALTIMORE,MD 21236. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. USA,RES LAB,FT BELVOIR,VA 22060. RP Schwartz, RN (reprint author), HUGHES RES LABS,3011 MALIBU CANYON RD,MALIBU,CA 90265, USA. RI Davidson, Frederic /A-3273-2010 NR 22 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 23 BP 15378 EP 15381 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.15378 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XH335 UT WOS:A1997XH33500010 ER PT J AU Young, CF Poindexter, EH Gerardi, GJ Warren, WL Keeble, DJ AF Young, CF Poindexter, EH Gerardi, GJ Warren, WL Keeble, DJ TI Electron paramagnetic resonance of conduction-band electrons in silicon SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIN-RESONANCE; DONOR AB The g value of conduction-band electrons in silicon was properly determined by using electron paramagnetic resonance; A linear empirical relationship was first found between the g values and the thermal ionization energies of several well-known group-V substitutional shallow donors in silicon. An extrapolation of,the empirical relation to zero ionization energy predicted the g value of conduction-band (CB) electrons, g(CB) = 1.9995, which is slightly but definitely different from that of conduction electrons in the donor-impurity band of degenerate n-type silicon; although both g values have been tacitly accepted to be identical for nearly four decades. The prediction was directly verified by measuring the g value of CB electrons created either by thermal emission from shallow donors in phosphorus-doped silicon at T = 125 K and by above-band-gap optical excitation in high-purity p-type silicon at T = 3.5 K; the measured g value in both experiments was precisely g(CB) = 1.9995(1). The empirical relation is still not theoretically explained. C1 WILLIAM PATERSON COLL NEW JERSEY,DEPT CHEM & PHYS,WAYNE,NJ 07758. SANDIA NATL LABS,ADV MAT LAB,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. UNIV DUNDEE,CARNEGIE LAB PHYS,DUNDEE DD1 4DH,SCOTLAND. RP Young, CF (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703, USA. RI Keeble, David /C-6633-2012 OI Keeble, David /0000-0002-5378-799X NR 32 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 24 BP 16245 EP 16248 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.16245 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XJ271 UT WOS:A1997XJ27100043 ER PT J AU Fornari, M Chen, HH Fu, L Graft, RD Lohrmann, DJ Moroni, S Parravicini, GP AF Fornari, M Chen, HH Fu, L Graft, RD Lohrmann, DJ Moroni, S Parravicini, GP TI Electronic structure and wave functions of interface states in HgTe-CdTe quantum wells and superlattices SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID VALENCE-BAND-OFFSET; ENVELOPE-FUNCTION APPROXIMATION; INDUCED INTRABAND TRANSITIONS; SHORT-PERIOD SUPERLATTICES; HGTE/CDTE SUPERLATTICE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; EXCITED-STATES; SUPER-LATTICE; GAP; SEMICONDUCTORS AB We report on extensive tight-binding calculations of electronic states in HgTe-CdTe heterojunctions, quantum wells, and superlattices. The method of solution is based on the Green's function and a powerful renormalization technique. While the band structures that we obtain are basically consistent with previous calculations by other authors with several different methods and parametrizations, we have made substantial progress in the detailed study of the corresponding wave functions and their atomic-orbital content. That allows a conclusive identification and analysis of the peculiar interface states that occur in these microstructures, and shows the crucial role played by the s-p mixing that derives from coupling of Gamma(8)- and Gamma(6)-like bands of the composing materials. In particular, the critical concentration x(alpha) at which the semimetal-semiconductor transition occurs in the Hg1-xCdxTe simple alloy is shown to be related to a critical concentration x(c) occurring in (HgTe)(m)(Hg1-xCdxTe)(n) superlattice alloys, at which interfacial states (anti)cross, with maximum s-p mixing. We also apply a modified (two- or n-step) Lanczos method to determine real and imaginary parts of all the components of the wave-function amplitude, to confirm or further investigate the complete nodal structure. Finally, we present some results regarding the question of large versus small valence-band offset for this type of interface. C1 IST NAZL FIS MAT, I-34014 TRIESTE, ITALY. CATHOLIC UNIV AMER, DEPT PHYS, WASHINGTON, DC 20064 USA. USA, RES LAB, INFRARED TECHNOL BRANCH, FT BELVOIR, VA 22060 USA. USA, CTR NIGHT VIS & ELECTROOPT, FT BELVOIR, VA 22060 USA. INT CTR THEORET PHYS, I-34014 TRIESTE, ITALY. UNIV PAVIA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS A VOLTA, I-27100 PAVIA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS MAT, I-27100 PAVIA, ITALY. USA, RES OFF, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA. RP UNIV TRIESTE, DIPARTIMENTO FIS TEOR, STRADA COSTIERA 11, I-34014 TRIESTE, ITALY. RI Fornari, Marco/C-8848-2012 OI Fornari, Marco/0000-0001-6527-8511 NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 24 BP 16339 EP 16348 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.16339 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XJ271 UT WOS:A1997XJ27100054 ER PT J AU Tober, RL AF Tober, RL TI Characterizing electric fields in (111)B and (100)p-i-n diodes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FRANZ-KELDYSH OSCILLATIONS AB A series of electroreflectance experiments were performed on GaAs p-i-n diodes in order to ascertain the accuracy with which Franz-Keldysh oscillations could be used to determine either electric fields (at a given bias) or effective masses. The samples used in the experiments were sufficiently thick to avoid quantum-size effects, yet thin enough that field nonuniformity and the radiation-penetration depth did not adversely affect spectral line shapes. The (linear) plots of electric fields determined from the Franz-Keldysh oscillations versus applied bias always had smaller slopes than similar plots of electric fields calculated using a depletion mode. These results show that the experimental and calculated values agree, to within a reasonable error, only at fields less than about 40 kV/cm and diverge with increasing electric fields. RP Tober, RL (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,2800 POWDER MILL RD,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 24 BP 16371 EP 16375 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.16371 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA XJ271 UT WOS:A1997XJ27100057 ER PT J AU Douglas, TH McLeod, DG Mostofi, FK Mooneyhan, R Connelly, R Moul, JW Sesterhenn, IA AF Douglas, TH McLeod, DG Mostofi, FK Mooneyhan, R Connelly, R Moul, JW Sesterhenn, IA TI Prostate-specific antigen-detected prostate cancer (stage T1c): An analysis of whole-mount prostatectomy specimens SO PROSTATE LA English DT Article DE prostate cancer; prostatectomy; staging; stage T1c disease ID TUMORS; ULTRASOUND; CARCINOMA AB BACKGROUND. Clinical and pathological staging of prostate cancer has been, and remains, problematic. Since prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-detected tumors are often discerned during ''screening,'' what are their significance? METHODS. We analyzed 67 consecutive patients with stage Tie prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy at our institution from August 1, 1991-September 12, 1995, and who had whole-mount specimen processing. Diagnosis was determined in all cases by transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy. RESULTS. The mean age of our patients was 63 years, and the mean PSA at time of diagnosis was 8.6 ng/ml (median, 7.2 ng/ml). There was organ-confined cancer in 31/67 (46%) patients; 17/67 (25%) had periprostatic fat infiltration, and of these 5 (7%) had seminal vesicle involvement. Thirty-one of 67 (46%) had positive surgical margins. Twenty-two (33%) had a Gleason sum of greater than or equal to 7 in the final pathological specimen. Insignificant tumors (dominant tumor volume <0.20 cc) were found in only 4 cases. Smaller tumors were more likely to be found when the PSA was <10 ng/ml. Multifocal disease was found in 64/67 (96%) prostate specimens. CONCLUSIONS. This study adds impetus to the growing realization that nonpalpable prostate cancer, detected because of elevated PSA, is rarely insignificant. Our findings add further emphasis to the fact that patients diagnosed by PSA elevation have, for the most part, significant cancer that should be treated aggressively. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,UROL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT SURG,CTR PROSTATE DIS RES,BETHESDA,MD 20814. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,DEPT GENITOURINARY PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. NR 21 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0270-4137 J9 PROSTATE JI Prostate PD JUN 15 PY 1997 VL 32 IS 1 BP 59 EP 64 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology GA XG774 UT WOS:A1997XG77400008 PM 9207958 ER PT J AU Hoffman, SL Bancroft, WH Gottlieb, M James, SL Burroughs, ECB Stephenson, JR Morgan, MJ AF Hoffman, SL Bancroft, WH Gottlieb, M James, SL Burroughs, ECB Stephenson, JR Morgan, MJ TI Funding for malaria genome sequencing SO NATURE LA English DT Letter C1 USA,MED RES & MAT COMMAND,MIL INFECT DIS RES PROGRAM,FREDERICK,MD 21703. NIAID,NIH,PARASITOL & INT PROGRAMS BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. WELLCOME FUND,MORRISVILLE,NC 27560. WELLCOME TRUST RES LABS,LONDON NW1 2BE,ENGLAND. RP Hoffman, SL (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,MALARIA PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 0 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, ENGLAND N1 9XW SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 12 PY 1997 VL 387 IS 6634 BP 647 EP 647 DI 10.1038/42571 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA XD869 UT WOS:A1997XD86900018 PM 9192878 ER PT J AU Ballou, WR Stoute, JA AF Ballou, WR Stoute, JA TI A recombinant circumsporozoite protein vaccine against malaria - Reply SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP Ballou, WR (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 12 PY 1997 VL 336 IS 24 BP 1760 EP 1760 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XD543 UT WOS:A1997XD54300026 ER PT J AU Clingenpeel, TH Wessel, TE Biaglow, AI AF Clingenpeel, TH Wessel, TE Biaglow, AI TI C-13 NMR study of the carbonylation of benzene with CO in sulfated zirconia SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ZEOLITE; ACETONE; CONDENSATION; CONVERSION; CHEMISTRY; METHANOL; H-ZSM-5; HZSM-5 C1 US MIL ACAD,DEPT CHEM,W POINT,NY 10996. NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 11 PY 1997 VL 119 IS 23 BP 5469 EP 5470 DI 10.1021/ja970824p PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XD910 UT WOS:A1997XD91000035 ER PT J AU Montemarano, AD Gupta, RK Burge, JR Klein, K AF Montemarano, AD Gupta, RK Burge, JR Klein, K TI Insect repellents and the efficacy of sunscreens SO LANCET LA English DT Article C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BIOSTAT & APPL MATH,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. COSMETECH LABS INC,FAIRFIELD,NJ. RP Montemarano, AD (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV COMMUNICABLE DIS & IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 3 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 42 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1B 3SL SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUN 7 PY 1997 VL 349 IS 9066 BP 1670 EP 1671 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)62637-2 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XD100 UT WOS:A1997XD10000018 PM 9186392 ER PT J AU McKnight, SH Gillespie, JW AF McKnight, SH Gillespie, JW TI In situ examination of water diffusion to the polypropylene-silane interface using FTIR-ATR SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE adhesion; adhesive bonding; polymer-silane interphase; silane coupling agents; FTIR-ATR; water diffusion; polymer composite ID SPECTROSCOPY; POLYMERS AB This study investigated the effect of moisture on a model silane coupling agent modified adhesive bond. Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) spectroscopy was used to characterize the transport of moisture to a poly-propylene-silane interphase and monitor the resulting chemical changes. The FTIR-ATR method offers the advantage of in-situ examination of the diffusion process, as well as the ability to characterize chemical changes that occur due to the presence of moisture. Experiments were conducted at ambient and elevated temperatures. The results of the real-time measurements demonstrated that moisture will migrate through the polypropylene to the silane interphase. The diffusion behavior was described well by a Fickian model. The apparent diffusion coefficients for water in the polypropylene-silane bilayer were on the order of the diffusion coefficients for water in polypropylene at both test temperatures. Furthermore, changes in the spectra were observed during the diffusion experiments. These changes were indicative of hydrolysis of the siloxane backbone in the silane layer while buried beneath the polypropylene film. This finding is significant as it presents direct evidence of a degradation mechanism in silane-modified adhesive bonds. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 UNIV DELAWARE, CTR COMPOSITE MAT, NEWARK, DE 19716 USA. UNIV DELAWARE, MAT SCI PROGRAM, NEWARK, DE 19716 USA. ARMY RES LAB, WEAPONS & MAT RES DIRECTORATE, ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD 21005 USA. NR 28 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD JUN 6 PY 1997 VL 64 IS 10 BP 1971 EP 1985 PG 15 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA WW914 UT WOS:A1997WW91400012 ER PT J AU Palmer, WG Beaman, JR Walters, DM Creasia, DA AF Palmer, WG Beaman, JR Walters, DM Creasia, DA TI Bioavailability of TNT residues in composts of TNT-contaminated soil SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; EXPLOSIVES AB Composting is being explored as a means to remediate 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) contaminated soils. This process appears to modify TNT and to bind it to organic matter. The health hazards associated with dusts generated from such materials cannot be predicted without knowing if the association between TNT residues and compost particulate is stable in biological systems. To address this question, single doses of [C-14]-TNT, soil spiked with [C-14]-TNT, or compost generated with [C-14]-TNT-spiked soils were administered to rats by intratracheal instillation. The appearance of C-14 in urine and tissues was taken as an indication of the bioavailability of TNT residues from compost particles. In rats instilled with neat [C-14]-TNT, about 35% of the C-14 dose appeared in urine within 3 d. The C-14 excreted in urine by these rats decreased rapidly thereafter, and was undetectable by 4 wk after treatment. Similar results were obtained with soil-treated rats. In contrast, after treatment with [C-14]-TNT-labeled compost, only 2.3% of the total C-14 dose appeared in urine during the first 3 d Low levels of C-14 continued to be excreted in urine from compost-treated rats for more than 6 mo, and the total amount of C-14 in urine was comparable to that in TNT-treated animals. Determination of the radiolabel in tissues showed that C-14 accumulated in the kidneys of rats treated with labeled compost but not in rats treated with [C-14]-TNT or [C-14]-TNT-spiked soil. These results indicate that the association between TNT and particulate matter in compost is not stable when introduced into the lungs. Accumulation of C-14 in kidneys suggests the presence of a unique TNT residue in compost-treated rats. The rate of excretion and tissue disposition of C-14 in rats treated with TNT-spiked soil indicate that TNT in soil is freely available in the lungs. C1 USA,CTR HLTH PROMOT & PREVENT MED,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD. GEOCTR,FREDERICK,MD. USA,RES INST INFECT DIS,FREDERICK,MD. OI Walters, Dianne/0000-0003-3888-2646 NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0098-4108 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEALTH JI J. Toxicol. Environ. Health PD JUN 6 PY 1997 VL 51 IS 2 BP 97 EP 108 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA XB353 UT WOS:A1997XB35300001 PM 9176551 ER PT J AU Cowan, DN DeFraites, RF Gray, GC Goldenbaum, MB Wishik, SM AF Cowan, DN DeFraites, RF Gray, GC Goldenbaum, MB Wishik, SM TI The risk of birth defects among children of Persian Gulf War veterans SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS AB Background There has been suspicion that service in the Persian Gulf War affected the health of veterans adversely, and there have been claims of an increased rate of birth defects among the children of those veterans. Methods We evaluated the routinely collected data on all live births at 135 military hospitals in 1991, 1992, and 1993. The data base included up to eight diagnoses from the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) for each birth hospitalization, plus information on the demographic characteristics and service history of the parents. The records of over 75,000 newborns were evaluated for any birth defect (ICD-9-CM codes 740 to 759, plus neoplasms and hereditary diseases) and for birth defects defined as severe on the basis of the specific diagnoses and the criteria of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Results During the study period, 33,998 infants were born to Gulf War veterans and 41,463 to nondeployed veterans at military hospitals. The overall risk of any birth defect was 7.45 percent, and the risk of severe birth defects was 1.85 percent. These rates are similar to those reported in civilian populations. In the multivariate analysis, there was no significant association for either men or women between service in the Gulf War and the risk of any birth defect or of severe birth defects in their children. Conclusions This analysis found no evidence of an increase in the risk of birth defects among the children of Gulf War veterans. (C) 1997, Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. USN,HLTH RES CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. US DEPT DEF,DEPLOYMENT SURVEILLANCE TEAM,WASHINGTON,DC. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP Cowan, DN (reprint author), SRA TECHNOL INC,8110 GATEHOUSE RD,SUITE 600W,FALLS CHURCH,VA 22042, USA. NR 17 TC 86 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 5 PY 1997 VL 336 IS 23 BP 1650 EP 1656 DI 10.1056/NEJM199706053362306 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XC086 UT WOS:A1997XC08600006 PM 9171068 ER PT J AU Yang, PC Schlesser, R Wolden, CA Liu, W Davis, RF Sitar, Z Prater, JT AF Yang, PC Schlesser, R Wolden, CA Liu, W Davis, RF Sitar, Z Prater, JT TI Control of diamond heteroepitaxy on nickel by optical reflectance SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Real time in situ laser reflectometry was used to investigate changes in surface morphology observed during the nucleation of oriented diamond on Ni in a hot filament chemical vapor deposition reactor. Characteristic features observed in the intensities of reflected and scattered light were interpreted by comparison with scanning electron micrographs of the diamond seeded substrates quenched at sequential stages of the process. Based on this analysis, a process was developed in which the scattered light signal was used as a steering parameter. Using this process, oriented nucleation and growth of diamond on Ni can be repeatedly achieved. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA,RES OFF,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. RP Yang, PC (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,BOX 7907,RALEIGH,NC 27695, USA. RI Davis, Robert/A-9376-2011 OI Davis, Robert/0000-0002-4437-0885 NR 6 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 2 PY 1997 VL 70 IS 22 BP 2960 EP 2962 DI 10.1063/1.118756 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XB501 UT WOS:A1997XB50100011 ER PT J AU Stewart, FF Lash, RP Singler, RE AF Stewart, FF Lash, RP Singler, RE TI Synthesis and characterization of esterified poly[(aryloxy)phosphazene]s SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHAZENE POLYMER MEMBRANES; POLYPHOSPHAZENE; ELECTROLYTES; SEPARATION AB Four new phosphazene polymers were synthesized using an esterification methodology. It was found that poly[bis(4-carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene] reacts with neat alcohols and catalytic acid at reflux to form polymers with varying chemical and physical properties. Esters were prepared from the following alcohols; 2-methoxyethanol, 2,2'-methoxyethoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, and 1-butanol. The resulting new polymers were characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and were found to have the expected ester pendant groups homogeneously substituted onto the phosphorus-nitrogen backbone. Laser light scattering (LLS) was used to determine that during the modification process molecular weight of the polymer is conserved, suggesting that under the conditions of the esterification process no chain scission occurs. C1 US MIL ACAD,DEPT CHEM,W POINT,NY 10996. RP Stewart, FF (reprint author), LOCKHEED MARTIN IDAHO TECHNOL CO,IDAHO NATL ENGN & ENVIRONM LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 35 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUN 2 PY 1997 VL 30 IS 11 BP 3229 EP 3233 DI 10.1021/ma9618991 PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA XC528 UT WOS:A1997XC52800016 ER PT J AU Liebowitz, J AF Liebowitz, J TI Worldwide perspectives and trends in expert systems - An analysis based on the three world congresses on expert systems SO AI MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB Some people believe that the expert system field is dead, yet others believe it is alive and well. To gain a better insight into these possible views, the first three world congresses on expert systems (which typically attract representatives from some 45-50 countries) are used to determine the health of the global expert system field in terms of applied technologies, applications, and management. This article highlights some of these findings. C1 USA,WAR COLL,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ARTIFICIAL INTELL PI MENLO PK PA 445 BURGESS DRIVE, MENLO PK, CA 94025-3496 SN 0738-4602 J9 AI MAG JI AI Mag. PD SUM PY 1997 VL 18 IS 2 BP 115 EP 119 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA XK443 UT WOS:A1997XK44300010 ER PT J AU Cowan, D DeFraites, R Gray, G Goldenbaum, M AF Cowan, D DeFraites, R Gray, G Goldenbaum, M TI Birth defects among children of Gulf War veterans. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV SCHOOL HYGIENE PUB HEALTH PI BALTIMORE PA 111 MARKET PLACE, STE 840, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-6709 SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 1997 VL 145 IS 11 SU S BP 12 EP 12 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA XA896 UT WOS:A1997XA89600012 ER PT J AU Writer, JV Kang, H Lee, KL Kelley, PW AF Writer, JV Kang, H Lee, KL Kelley, PW TI Pre-war hospitalization as a risk factor for enrollment on a Persian Gulf Registry. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,WASHINGTON,DC 20036. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV SCHOOL HYGIENE PUB HEALTH PI BALTIMORE PA 111 MARKET PLACE, STE 840, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-6709 SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 1997 VL 145 IS 11 SU S BP 340 EP 340 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA XA896 UT WOS:A1997XA89600338 ER PT J AU Chan, DS Wong, MK AF Chan, DS Wong, MK TI Multidisciplinary handbook on pediatric nutritional support SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY LA English DT Letter RP Chan, DS (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,MCHK,PY,DEPT PHARM,1 JARRETT WHITE RD,HONOLULU,HI 96859, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 1079-2082 J9 AM J HEALTH-SYST PH JI Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. PD JUN 1 PY 1997 VL 54 IS 11 BP 1335 EP 1335 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA XC757 UT WOS:A1997XC75700020 ER PT J AU Lasley, DS Eblen, A Yancey, MK Duff, P AF Lasley, DS Eblen, A Yancey, MK Duff, P TI The effect of placental removal method on the incidence of postcesarean infections SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the Pacific-Coast-Obstetrical-and-Gynecological-Society CY OCT 01-06, 1996 CL SUNRIVER, OR SP Pacif Coast Obstetr & Gynecol Soc DE cesarean delivery; placental removal; endometritis; wound infection ID OPERATIVE BLOOD-LOSS; CESAREAN-SECTION; ENDOMYOMETRITIS; MANAGEMENT; DELIVERY; PATHOGENESIS; REPAIR AB OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine whether the incidence of postoperative endometritis and wound infection is associated with the method of placental removal at the time of cesarean section. STUDY DESIGN: Parturients undergoing cesarean delivery were prospectively randomized to have the placenta removed manually or spontaneously. Patients were excluded from participation if they had received intrapartum prophylactic antibiotics or had been determined to have chorioamnionitis. After delivery of the infant women in the manual group had the placenta extracted by the primary surgeon, whereas women in the spontaneous group had the placenta delivered by gentle traction on the umbilical cord. All study subjects received perioperative prophylactic antibiotics. The primary outcome variable was a postcesarean infection, defined as postcesarean endometritis or wound cellulitis requiring drainage and antibiotic therapy. RESULTS: A total of 333 women were enrolled in the investigation, with 165 assigned to the manual removal group and 168 allocated to have spontaneous removal. There were no statistically significant differences in mean gestational age, frequency or duration of ruptured membranes, frequency or duration of labor, or mean number of vaginal examinations between the two study groups. Postoperative infections occurred in 25 of 168 (15%) women in the spontaneous delivery group compared with 44 of 165 (27%) women in which the placenta was manually extracted (relative risk 0.6, 95% confidence interval 0.4 to 0.9, p = 0.01). Subset analysis of patients delivered with ruptured membranes similarly demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of postoperative infections with spontaneous placental removal compared with manual extraction (20% vs. 38%, relative risk 0.5, 95% confidence interval 0.3 to 0.9, p = 0.02). There was a similar trend toward a reduction in postdelivery infections associated with spontaneous placental removal in women with intact membranes; however, this difference did not attain statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Spontaneous delivery of the placenta after cesarean delivery is associated with a decrease in the incidence of postcesarean infections. C1 UNIV FLORIDA,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. RP Lasley, DS (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,HONOLULU,HI 96859, USA. NR 12 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 176 IS 6 BP 1250 EP 1254 DI 10.1016/S0002-9378(97)70342-9 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA XH734 UT WOS:A1997XH73400054 PM 9215181 ER PT J AU Colbeck, SC Najarian, L Smith, HB AF Colbeck, SC Najarian, L Smith, HB TI Sliding temperatures of ice skates SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The two theories developed to explain the low friction of ice, pressure melting and frictional heating, require opposite temperature shifts at the ice-skate interface. The arguments against pressure melting are strong, but only theoretical, A set of direct temperature measurements shows that frictional heating is the dominant mechanism because temperature behaves in the manner predicted by the theory of frictional heating. Like snow skis, ice skates are warmed by sliding and then cool when the sliding stops. The temperature increases with speed and with thermal insulation, The sliding leaves a warm track on the ice surface behind the skate and the skate sprays warm ejecta. (C) 1997 American Association of Physics Teachers. C1 DARTMOUTH COLL,WOMEN SCI PROGRAM,HANOVER,NH 03755. RP Colbeck, SC (reprint author), USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,72 LYME RD,HANOVER,NH 03755, USA. NR 5 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 65 IS 6 BP 488 EP 492 DI 10.1119/1.18576 PG 5 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA XB109 UT WOS:A1997XB10900011 ER PT J AU Bowman, PD Schuschereba, ST Lawlor, DF Gilligan, GR Mata, JR DeBaere, DR AF Bowman, PD Schuschereba, ST Lawlor, DF Gilligan, GR Mata, JR DeBaere, DR TI Survival of human epidermal keratinocytes after short-duration high temperature: Synthesis of HSP70 and IL-8 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thermal injury; burn; heat shock response; chemokine synthesis; heat shock protein 70; interleukin-8 ID HEAT-SHOCK; PROTEIN DENATURATION; CELL; HYPERTHERMIA; EXPRESSION; GROWTH AB Thermal injury by short pulses (1-30 s) of relatively high temperature (50-68 degrees C) was investigated in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK). NHEK were cultured on plastic coverslips and dipped in medium held at various temperatures. Survival assessed by methylthiazol tetrazolium reduction assay at 6 days postheating demonstrated an inverse time-temperature relationship that indicated that most cells could survive after a 1-s, 60 degrees C exposure or a 30-s, 55 degrees C exposure. Arrhenius plots of the data indicated major transition points for cell injury at 50 and 60 degrees C. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were both induced by elevation of temperature between 50 and 60 degrees C for as short a time as 1 s. HSP70 synthesis stimulated by short, high pulses of heat appeared to induce thermotolerance. These results demonstrate that brief exposure to relatively high temperature can induce HSP70 and IL-8 synthesis in keratinocytes. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, DEPT MED RES, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78235 USA. RP Bowman, PD (reprint author), USA, INST SURG RES, MCMR, USM T, 3400 RAWLEY E CHAMBERS AVE, FT SAM HOUSTON, TX 78234 USA. NR 25 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6143 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-CELL PH JI Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Physiol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 272 IS 6 BP C1988 EP C1994 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA XF782 UT WOS:A1997XF78200027 ER PT J AU Loube, DI AF Loube, DI TI Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty may compromise nasal CPAP therapy in sleep apnea syndrome SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP Loube, DI (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 155 IS 6 BP 2112 EP 2112 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA XD760 UT WOS:A1997XD76000045 PM 9196124 ER PT J AU Helgason, JW Chandnani, VP Yu, JS AF Helgason, JW Chandnani, VP Yu, JS TI MR arthrography: A review of current technique and applications SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ULNAR COLLATERAL LIGAMENT; GADOPENTETATE DIMEGLUMINE; GADOLINIUM-DTPA; CHONDROMALACIA PATELLAE; GLENOHUMERAL LIGAMENTS; GLENOID IMPINGEMENT; ACETABULAR LABRUM; ANKLE INSTABILITY; CONTRAST MATERIAL; CT ARTHROGRAPHY C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,MCHE,DR,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. OHIO STATE UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. NR 50 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 168 IS 6 BP 1473 EP 1480 PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA XA553 UT WOS:A1997XA55300016 PM 9168710 ER PT J AU Looareesuwan, S Wilairatana, P Viravan, C Vanijanonta, S Pitisuttithum, P Kyle, DE AF Looareesuwan, S Wilairatana, P Viravan, C Vanijanonta, S Pitisuttithum, P Kyle, DE TI Open randomized trial of oral artemether alone and a sequential combination with mefloquine for acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; QUININE-TETRACYCLINE; ARTESUNATE; HALOFANTRINE; THAILAND; ARTEMISININ; DERIVATIVES AB One hundred fifty-one patients with acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria were enrolled in a randomized, open-label study of oral artemether given alone for five or seven days or a sequential treatment of oral artemether followed by mefloquine. Forty patients received oral artemether, 100 mg initially, then 50 mg every 12 hr for a total dose of 500 mg over a five-day period: Group I. Fifty-eight patients received oral artemether, 100 mg initially, then 50 mg every 12 hr for a total dose of 750 mg over a seven-day period: Group II. Fifty-three patients received oral artemether, 200 mg every 8 hr for a total dose of 600 mg, followed 8 hr later with mefloquine (1,250 mg divided into two doses given 6 hr apart: Group III. All patients were admitted to the hospital for 28 days to exclude reinfection and 131 patients remained through the 28-day follow-up. Only two, nine, and nine patients in Groups I, II, and III, respectively, left the hospital prior to study completion for reasons unrelated to their treatment. Cure rates for the three groups were 74% (28 of 38) for Group I, 98% (48 of 49) for Group LT, and 98% (43 of 44) for Group III. Mean fever and parasite clearance times were not significantly different (32.8, 27.5, and 31.4 hr for fever clearance times and 40.2, 40.6, and 36.7 hr for parasite clearance times of Groups I, Il, and III, respectively) nor were any adverse effects seen. In vitro drug susceptibility testing of admission and recrudescent parasite isolates was conducted for 10 patients. These data showed no decreased response to artemether or dihydroartemisinin in recrudescent isolates when compared with admission isolates. The results of this study suggest that sequential treatment for two days with oral artemether (600 mg) followed by mefloquine (1,250 mg) is effective and well-tolerated in patients with acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria and may be an alternative treatment for multidrug-resistant falciparum malaria, particularly useful for treating patients in rural areas where the period of admission to the hospital should be as short as possible. A seven-day regimen of artemether alone (750 mg) is also very effective, yet requires prolonged administration of drug after malaria symptoms disappear. C1 MAHIDOL UNIV,FAC TROP MED,BANGKOK HOSP TROP DIS,BANGKOK,THAILAND. USA MED COMPONENT,ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,BANGKOK,THAILAND. RP Looareesuwan, S (reprint author), MAHIDOL UNIV,FAC TROP MED,DEPT CLIN TROP MED,420-6 RAJAVITHEE RD,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. NR 27 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 56 IS 6 BP 613 EP 617 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA XL429 UT WOS:A1997XL42900008 PM 9230790 ER PT J AU Watts, DM Lavera, V Callahan, J Rossi, C Oberste, MS Roehrig, JT Cropp, CB Karabatsos, N Smith, JF Gubler, DJ Wooster, MT Nelson, WM Hayes, CG AF Watts, DM Lavera, V Callahan, J Rossi, C Oberste, MS Roehrig, JT Cropp, CB Karabatsos, N Smith, JF Gubler, DJ Wooster, MT Nelson, WM Hayes, CG TI Venezuelan equine encephalitis and Oropouche virus infections among Peruvian army troops in the Amazon region of Peru SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; SOUTH-AMERICA; IDENTIFICATION; EPITOPES; VACCINE; TC-83; NEUTRALIZATION; TOGAVIRIDAE AB An outbreak of a febrile illness characterized by headache, ocular pain, myalgia, and arthralgia occurred during June 1994 among Peruvian army troops in Northern Peru. On June 14-16, 1994, clinical data and blood samples were obtained from eight soldiers with a febrile illness, and from 26 others who had a history of febrile illness during the past three months. A follow-up blood sample was obtained 107 days later from four of the febrile and seven of the afebrile soldiers. Serum samples were tested for dengue (DEN), Oropouche (ORO), and Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) IgM and IgG antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Virus isolation was performed by inoculation of newborn mice and Vero cell cultures. Viral isolates were identified by immunofluorescence, ELISA, and nucleotide sequencing. A VEE virus infection was confirmed in three of the eight febrile soldiers, two by virus isolation, and one by serology. Antigenic analysis indicated that one of the virus isolates was similar to VEE subtype I, variety LD, viruses previously isolated in Colombia and Venezuela. Nucleotide sequence data showed that both viral isolates were identical to one another and closely related to VEE ID viruses previously isolated in Peru, Colombia, and Venezuela. Serologic results showed that two of 26 afebrile soldiers had IgM antibody to VEE and four had Ige antibody to VEE; two febrile soldiers had IgG antibody in their first serum samples. Oropouche-specific IgM antibody was detected in one of the eight febrile and five of the afebrile soldiers, and 18 of the 34 soldiers had low titers of ORO IgG antibody titers, which did not meet the diagnostic criteria for confirmed cases. All soldiers were negative for DEN IgM antibody, and 10 had flavivirus IgG antibody that reacted with DEN antigens. These data indicated that VEE ID virus was one of the causes of illness among Peruvians soldiers and that this was the first association of this VEE subtype with human disease in Peru. C1 SANTA ROSA ARMY HOSP,IQUITOS,PERU. CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,DIV VECTOR BORNE INFECT DIS,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,FT COLLINS,CO 80522. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,FREDERICK,MD 21702. USN,MED RES INST,DEPT INFECT DIS,BETHESDA,MD 20889. RP Watts, DM (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST DETACHMENT,NAMRID,UNIT 3800,AMER EMBASSY,APO AA 34031,LIMA,PERU. OI Roehrig, John/0000-0001-7581-0479 NR 43 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 56 IS 6 BP 661 EP 667 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA XL429 UT WOS:A1997XL42900018 PM 9230800 ER PT J AU Stevens, JB Vescovo, MV Harris, KC Walker, SC Hickey, R AF Stevens, JB Vescovo, MV Harris, KC Walker, SC Hickey, R TI Tracheal intubation using alfentanil and no muscle relaxant: Is the choice of hypnotic important? SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 71st Annual Meeting of the International-Anesthesia-Research-Society CY MAR 14-18, 1997 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Int Anesthesia Res Soc ID PROPOFOL; THIOPENTONE; ANESTHESIA; INDUCTION; SURGERY AB Administration of alfentanil followed by propofol intravenously (IV) without neuromuscular blockade for induction of anesthesia provides adequate conditions for tracheal intubation. Other hypnotic drugs have not been thoroughly investigated in this regard. Accordingly, 140 ASA physical status I and II premedicated outpatients were randomly assigned to one of seven groups (n = 20/group). Patients in Groups I-VI received alfentanil 40 mu g/kg followed by etomidate 0.3 mg/kg, propofol 2 mg/kg, or thiopental 4 mg/kg. One half of these patients (Groups II, IV, VI) also received lidocaine 1 mg/kg IV prior to the administration of the above drugs. Patients in group VII received d-tubocurarine 3 mg followed by thiopental 4 mg/kg and succinylcholine 1 mg/kg. Ninety seconds after induction, laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation were attempted and graded. Patients in Group V (alfentanil/thiopental) were significantly (P < 0.05) more likely to have a clinically unacceptable response to intubation (55%) (e.g., vigorous coughing, purposeful movement, or requirement for succinylcholine to complete intubation) compared with patients who received propofol (35%) or etomidate (20%). Alfentanil/etomidate yielded intubation conditions comparable to those achieved with alfentanil/propofol and d-tubocurarine/thiopental/succinylcholine. Lidocaine appeared to improve intubating conditions, although this improvement did not reach statistical significance. The results suggest that healthy, premedicated patients with favorable airway anatomy who have received alfentanil 40 mu g/kg can be reliably tracheally intubated 90 s after administration of propofol 2 mg/kg or etomidate 0.3 mg/kg. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78285. RP Stevens, JB (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78234, USA. NR 11 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 84 IS 6 BP 1222 EP 1226 DI 10.1097/00000539-199706000-00009 PG 5 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA XB414 UT WOS:A1997XB41400009 PM 9174296 ER PT J AU Sharma, S Vukelja, SJ Kadakia, S AF Sharma, S Vukelja, SJ Kadakia, S TI Gilbert's syndrome co-existing with and masking hereditary spherocytosis SO ANNALS OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gilbert's syndrome; hereditary spherocytosis ID DIAGNOSIS AB An unusual case of co-existing Gilbert's syndrome and hereditary spherocytosis is reported. Diagnostic strategies are presented, and the literature is reviewed for simultaneous presence of these disorders. C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,HEMATOL ONCOL SERV,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,GASTROENTEROL SERV,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. RP Sharma, S (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV MED ONCOL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0939-5555 J9 ANN HEMATOL JI Ann. Hematol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 74 IS 6 BP 287 EP 289 DI 10.1007/s002770050302 PG 3 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA XL462 UT WOS:A1997XL46200008 PM 9236515 ER PT J AU Rhee, JP AF Rhee, JP TI On the transmission of water waves over a shelf SO APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CIRCULAR-CYLINDER; DIFFRACTION; STEP; PROPAGATION AB The first- and second-order problems of wave transmission over a step in an oblique sea are solved using a Green's theorem integral equation with a finite-depth Green's function. The first-order transmission and reflection coefficients are shown to be consistent with previous results obtained by using the method of matching eigenfunction expansions (Newman), the variational formulation (Miles), and Galerkin method (Massel). Comparison of the second-order free wave agrees with Massel. It is shown that the ratio of the second-to first-order maximum amplitude can be over 0.2 for the range where the Stokes theory is valid and that at low frequency the second-order potential is more pronounced than the quadratic interaction of the first-order potentials. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Coastal Engn Res Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Rhee, JP (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Coastal Engn Res Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-1187 J9 APPL OCEAN RES JI Appl. Ocean Res. PD JUN-AUG PY 1997 VL 19 IS 3-4 BP 161 EP 169 DI 10.1016/S0141-1187(97)00018-7 PG 9 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA YQ360 UT WOS:000071378700002 ER PT J AU Keough, GC Laws, RA Elston, DM AF Keough, GC Laws, RA Elston, DM TI Favre-Racouchot syndrome: A case for smokers' comedones SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP Keough, GC (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT DERMATOL,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 133 IS 6 BP 796 EP 797 DI 10.1001/archderm.133.6.796 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA XE002 UT WOS:A1997XE00200026 PM 9197844 ER PT J AU Forte, VA Leith, DE Muza, SR Fulco, CS Cymerman, A AF Forte, VA Leith, DE Muza, SR Fulco, CS Cymerman, A TI Ventilatory capacities at sea level and high altitude SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INSPIRATORY MUSCLES; FLOW; ENDURANCE; EXERCISE; HYPOXIA; FATIGUE; HUMANS AB Because air is less dense at high altitude (HA), airway resistance is reduced and maximum inspiratory and expiratory flows are greater than at sea level (SL). Despite the reduction in airway resistance, ventilatory muscle endurance may be decreased by hypobaric hypoxia and, thus, may be a factor in limiting exercise at HA. To explore the effects of HA on ventilatory capacities and their relation to ventilatory demands of exercise, we measured 15-s maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), 15-min maximum sustainable ventilation (MSV), and maximum airway pressures (PImax and PEmax) in 18 healthy young men at SL and HA (Pikes Peak, 4300 m, or hypobaric chamber, PB similar to 460 mmHg). In eight of these subjects ventilatory capacities were compared with exercise ventilations. We also measured the effects of 36% O-2 on the MSV in 12 of the subjects exposed to simulated altitude. Similar results were obtained at either simulated or actual HA. We found that MW increased (p < 0.001) by 20% and the MSV (p < 0.001) by 15% at HA. Administration of 36% O-2 at HA increased MSV further by 5% with no effect on MVV. No effect of HA on maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures was found. We confirmed previous findings of modest increases in forced 1-s expired volume (FEV1) and slight decreases in forced vital capacity (FVC) at HA. At both SL and HA, the MSV exceeded the ventilatory demands or submaximal cycle exercise that could be sustained for about 30 min. During progressive cycle exercise to exhaustion, however, peak (V) over dot E was not different from MW, either at SL or HA. We conclude that the small, but significant, increase in MSV with 36% O-2 administration at HA suggests that hypoxia decreases ventilatory endurance for flow loads as determined by the MSV. Thus, the possibility that ventilatory limits have a role in cessation of exercise at high altitude cannot be ruled out. C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV, COLL VET MED, DEPT CLIN SCI, MANHATTAN, KS 66506 USA. RP Forte, VA (reprint author), USA, ENVIRONM MED RES INST, ALTITUDE PHYSIOL & MED DIV, KANSAS ST, NATICK, MA 01760 USA. NR 33 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 68 IS 6 BP 488 EP 493 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA XC764 UT WOS:A1997XC76400004 PM 9184735 ER PT J AU Pakhomov, AG Pol, HK Mathur, SP Akyel, Y Campbell, CBG AF Pakhomov, AG Pol, HK Mathur, SP Akyel, Y Campbell, CBG TI Role of field intensity in the biological effectiveness of millimeter waves at a resonance frequency SO BIOELECTROCHEMISTRY AND BIOENERGETICS LA English DT Article DE millimeter waves; ratio of relative amplitudes; nerve function ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI-CELLS; CONFORMATIONAL STATE; NERVE FUNCTION; MICROWAVES AB The study replicated the effect of low-intensity millimeter waves (MMW) on isolated nerve function and characterized its dependence on radiation intensity. MMW exposures lasted for 23 min at 0.02, 0.1, 0.5, or 2.6 mW cm(-2) (41.34 GHz) and were accompanied by a high-rate electrical stimulation of the nerve (HRS, 20 twin pulses s(-1), 9 ms interpulse interval). MMW had no effect on the conditioning compound action potentials (CAPs), but significantly attenuated the HRS-caused decrease of the test CAPs, The magnitude of this effect was virtually the same (20-25%) at field intensities of 0.02, 0.1, and 2.6 mW cm(-2). irradiation at 0.5 mW cm(-2), however, did not produce statistically significant changes. The results are consistent with our earlier observations of this MMW effect and provide further evidence for its nonthermal mechanism. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,MCKESSON BIOSERV,USA MED RES DETACHMENT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78235. RP Pakhomov, AG (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,MICROWAVE BIOEFFECTS BRANCH,USA MED RES DETACHMENT,8308 HAWKS RD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78235, USA. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0302-4598 J9 BIOELECTROCH BIOENER JI Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 43 IS 1 BP 27 EP 33 DI 10.1016/S0302-4598(97)00022-6 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA XW730 UT WOS:A1997XW73000005 ER PT J AU Grodowitz, MJ Center, TD Freedman, JE AF Grodowitz, MJ Center, TD Freedman, JE TI A physiological age-grading system for Neochetina eichhorniae (Warner) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a biological control agent of water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart) Solms SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE water hyacinth; Neochetina; age grading; reproduction; biocontrol ID WATERHYACINTH; LOUISIANA; DYNAMICS AB Neochetina eichhorniae has a meroistic reproductive system composed of a pair of ovaries each subdivided into two tube-like ovarioles, The ovarioles consist of two main regions, the distal germarium and the proximal vitellarium. The vitellarium houses the developing follicles, which mature sequentially. The two ovarioles in each pair connect proximally via the lateral oviducts. The paired ovaries join one another via the common oviduct, Ovarian development involves two distinct phases: a nulliparous (meaning ''no eggs'') phase and a parous (meaning ''with eggs'') phase. Each phase undergoes three sequential stages, named N1, N2, and N3 and P1, P2, and P3 for the nulliparous and parous categories, respectively. The degree of maturity of the proximate follicles and the extent of follicular differentiation distinguish the nulliparous stages. The quantity and quality of follicular relies (and, by association, the number of egg ovulations) distinguishes the parous phases, The overall condition of the ovaries can be characterized from the number of developing follicles in the ovarioles as well as the integrity of the follicular cellular material, Samples from field populations in Texas revealed distinct seasonal changes in physiological age structure and condition of the reproductive system, This physiological age-grading system can be an important tool for assessing age structure and relative reproductive health of N. eichhorniae populations or other weed biological control agents with similar reproductive systems. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 USDA ARS,AQUAT PLANT CONTROL RES UNIT,FT LAUDERDALE,FL 33314. RP Grodowitz, MJ (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JUN PY 1997 VL 9 IS 2 BP 89 EP 105 DI 10.1006/bcon.1997.0525 PG 17 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA XF218 UT WOS:A1997XF21800003 ER PT J AU He, XM Shen, LJ AF He, XM Shen, LJ TI Linear regression after spline transformation SO BIOMETRIKA LA English DT Article DE b-spline; box-Cox transformation; canonical analysis; generalised linear model; model selection; slicing regression ID LINK AB In a transformation model h(Y)=X'beta+epsilon for some smooth and usually monotone function h, we are often interested in the direction of beta without knowing the exact form of h. We consider a projection of h onto a linear space of B-spline functions which has the highest correlation with the design variable X. As with the Box-Cox transformation, the transformed response may then be analysed by standard linear regression software. The direction estimate from canonical correlation calculations agrees with the least squares estimate for the approximating model subject to an identifiability constraint. This approach is also closely related to the slicing regression of Duan & Li (1991). The dimensionality of the space of spline transformations can be determined by a model selection principle. Typically, a very small number of B-spline knots is needed. A number of real and simulated data examples is presented to demonstrate the usefulness of this approach. C1 USA,FOOD & DRUG ADM,HFD725,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. RP He, XM (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT STAT,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61820, USA. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMETRIKA TRUST PI LONDON PA UNIV COLLEGE LONDON GOWER ST-BIOMETRIKA OFFICE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1E 6BT SN 0006-3444 J9 BIOMETRIKA JI Biometrika PD JUN PY 1997 VL 84 IS 2 BP 474 EP 481 DI 10.1093/biomet/84.2.474 PG 8 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA XK260 UT WOS:A1997XK26000018 ER PT J AU Peck, L ONeill, K AF Peck, L ONeill, K TI Frost penetration in soil with an inclusion of sand: Dependence on soil moisture content and winter severity SO CANADIAN GEOTECHNICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE frost penetration; soil; sand; heat transfer; moisture content; finite elements ID PHASE-CHANGE; ELEMENT AB An innovative numerical method was developed for calculating multidimensional heat conduction with phase change. The method is simple and robust, and can easily be included in standard finite element and finite difference heat transfer programs. Simulations of one- and two-dimensional heat transfer in soil with an inclusion of sand were done to investigate the disruption in frost and thaw penetration due to the presence of a dry, low thermal conductivity sand The thermal properties of the surrounding material were assumed to be those of a silty soil at various moisture contents. The dependence of frost depth on weather conditions was investigated by using four different (coldest, cold, warm, warmest) winter-long temperature histories for the soil surface boundary condition; these were derived from measured soil temperatures at a Vermont site. With derails depending an the moisture content of the soil, significant effects ts on the time history of frost penetration were observed when a wide sand inclusion is present. Frost penetration actually proceeds more rapidly through the sand at first because it is dry and, therefore, has a lower latent hear and heat capacity; initial frost depth is greater when a sand inclusion is present. Freezing of the soil below the sand inclusion is subsequently impeded by the slow removal of hear at the base of the sand as a consequence of its lower thermal conductivity; thus, the maximum frost depth is greater in soil without a sand inclusion. The influence of the width of the sand inclusion and its effective lateral range are also considered. RP Peck, L (reprint author), USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,72 LYME RD,HANOVER,NH 03755, USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-3674 J9 CAN GEOTECH J JI Can. Geotech. J. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 34 IS 3 BP 368 EP 383 DI 10.1139/cgj-34-3-368 PG 16 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA XM380 UT WOS:A1997XM38000004 ER PT J AU Hendricks, DT Taylor, R Reed, M Birrer, MJ AF Hendricks, DT Taylor, R Reed, M Birrer, MJ TI FHIT gene expression in human ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancer cell lines SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB (1)The fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene, located at 3p14.2, has been shown to be altered in numerous epithelial cancers, Because previous studies have shown a loss of heterozygosity and cytogenetic abnormalities at the 3p region in ovarian, endometrial, and cervical carcinomas, we examined the status of the FHIT gene in 14 ovarian, 8 cervical, and 4 endometrial human cancer cell lines, RNA was isolated and subjected to reverse transcription-PCR to amplify the FHIT gene transcript, Sixty-three % (5 of 8) of cervical cell lines, 14% (2 of 14) of ovarian cell lines, and none (0 of 4) of the endometrial cell lines displayed aberrantly migrating FHIT transcripts. DNA sequencing demonstrated that the aberrantly migrating bands primarily lacked exons 5, 6, and 7 (with other exon losses also observed), resulting in shorter mRNA transcripts, Southern blot analysis of DNA from five of the cervical carcinomas demonstrated alterations in four of them, three of which had exhibited no normally sized FHIT transcripts, The results suggest that the expression of the FHIT gene may be altered, in cervical tumor tissue, potentially implicating this gene in cervical tumorigenesis, whereas the involvement of this gene appears to be less important in the development of ovarian and endometrial cancer. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL GYNECOL ONCOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Hendricks, DT (reprint author), NCI,MED BRANCH,DIV CLIN SCI,NIH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 15 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JUN 1 PY 1997 VL 57 IS 11 BP 2112 EP 2115 PG 4 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA XB759 UT WOS:A1997XB75900009 PM 9187105 ER PT J AU Premachandran, R Banerjee, S John, VT McPherson, GL Akkara, JA Kaplan, DL AF Premachandran, R Banerjee, S John, VT McPherson, GL Akkara, JA Kaplan, DL TI The enzymatic synthesis of thiol-containing polymers to prepare polymer-CdS nanocomposites SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID COLLOIDAL METAL SULFIDES; REVERSE MICELLES; PARTICLES; MICROCRYSTALS; PEROXIDASE; PBS AB Thiol-containing polyphenolics are enzymatically synthesized in the microstructured environment of reversed micelles. CdS semiconductor nanocrystallites, also synthesized in the water pools of reversed micelles, are then attached to these polymers through binding to the sulfhydryl groups. The polymer - CdS nanocomposite thus prepared exhibits luminescence characteristic of such quantum dot particles. Passivation of the CdS by the polymer suppresses low-energy emissions associated with surface recombinations, while slightly enhancing higher energy emissions resulting from the recombinations in the excitonic state of the crystallite interior. The polymer - CdS complex is stable in solution, and the solid form can be obtained in the morphology of microspheres. C1 TULANE UNIV,DEPT CHEM ENGN,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70118. TULANE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70118. USA,SOLDIER SYST COMMAND,NATICK,MA 01760. RI John, Vijay/G-3747-2010 NR 32 TC 101 Z9 106 U1 4 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 9 IS 6 BP 1342 EP 1347 DI 10.1021/cm960418p PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA XE922 UT WOS:A1997XE92200008 ER PT J AU Saumweber, M Thevaos, TG Leibach, FH Blankenship, PR McPherson, JC McPherson, JC AF Saumweber, M Thevaos, TG Leibach, FH Blankenship, PR McPherson, JC McPherson, JC TI Hyperhippuric aciduria in isolated cases. SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 GRACEWOOD STATE SCH & HOSP,GRACEWOOD,GA. DWIGHT D EISENHOWER ARMY MED CTR,FT GORDON,GA. MED COLL GEORGIA,AUGUSTA,GA 30912. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 43 SU 6 BP 418 EP 418 PN 2 PG 1 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA XD363 UT WOS:A1997XD36300417 ER PT J AU Blankenship, PR Leibach, FH Saumweber, M Thevaos, TG McPherson, JC McPherson, JC AF Blankenship, PR Leibach, FH Saumweber, M Thevaos, TG McPherson, JC McPherson, JC TI The occurrence of free benzoic acid in human urine samples. SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MED COLL GEORGIA,AUGUSTA,GA 30912. GRACEWOOD STATE SCH & HOSP,GRACEWOOD,GA. DWIGHT D EISENHOWER ARMY MED CTR,FT GORDON,GA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 43 SU 6 BP 419 EP 419 PN 2 PG 1 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA XD363 UT WOS:A1997XD36300418 ER PT J AU Vassilopoulos, D Zurier, RB Rossetti, RG Tsokos, GC AF Vassilopoulos, D Zurier, RB Rossetti, RG Tsokos, GC TI Gammalinolenic acid and dihomogammalinolenic acid suppress the CD3-mediated signal transduction pathway in human T cells SO CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRECURSOR FATTY-ACIDS; GAMMA-LINOLENIC ACID; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; LYMPHOCYTE-T; INDEPENDENT MECHANISM; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; CHRONIC INFLAMMATION; MEMBRANE-STRUCTURE; BOTANICAL LIPIDS; CALCIUM AB Gammalinolenic acid (GLA; 18:3n6) and dihomogammalinolenic acid (DGLA; 20:3n6) suppress lymphocyte activation, and GLA administration reduces joint swelling and tenderness in rheumatoid arthritis patients with active synovitis. In an effort to dissect the mechanisms whereby GLA, DGLA, and other fatty acids influence lymphocyte function, we examined their effects on anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb)-mediated early signaling events in human T cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy individuals were incubated overnight at 37 degrees C with or without 10 mu g/ml fatty acid and then loaded with the calcium binding fluorescent dye indo-1. Fatty acids did not affect the efficiency of indo-1 loading, and they did not alter cell surface membrane expression of the CD3 molecule. Anti-CD3 mAb (G19-4)-induced intracellular calcium [(Ca2+)(i)] changes were monitored by flow cytometry in negatively selected human T cells. The ratio of violet to blue fluorescence, which is proportional to (Ca2+)(i), was measured over time. Cells enriched with GLA and DGLA but not cells enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid(20:5n3) displayed a significant reduction in anti-CDS mAb-induced early and late (Ca2+)(i) responses. T cells loaded with GLA, DGLA, or medium alone displayed similar increases in (Ca2+)(i) in response to the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin. Anti-CD3 mAb-mediated inositol phosphate production was also diminished in GLA- and DGLA-treated cells. These experiments suggest that GLA and DGLA suppress T cell activation by interfering with early events in the signal transduction pathway. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,MED CTR,WORCESTER,MA 01655. RP Vassilopoulos, D (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT CLIN PHYSIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. FU PHS HHS [R01-38501] NR 29 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0090-1229 J9 CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 83 IS 3 BP 237 EP 244 DI 10.1006/clin.1997.4343 PG 8 WC Immunology; Pathology SC Immunology; Pathology GA XB138 UT WOS:A1997XB13800006 PM 9175912 ER PT J AU RiveraRodriguez, JE AF RiveraRodriguez, JE TI Scintigraphic evaluation of metastatic osteosarcoma - The importance of SPECT bone scintigraphy and correlative imaging SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE osteosarcoma; SPECT; Tc-99m MDP; bone imaging AB A 31-year-old man with a history of osteosarcoma and prior resection oil ii-se left distal femur had an acute onset of hemoptysis. Planar skeletal scintigraphy with Tc-99m MDP showed an area of increased uptake in the region of the posterior left 8th rib, suspicious for a metastatic lesion. Chest x-ray showed a pulmonary nodule in the left lower lobe, Rib x-rays showed no metastases. Because the patient was scheduled for a thoracotomy to remove the lung lesion, original plans called for removal of the left eight posterior rib as as well, Repeat hone scintigraphy, this time using SPECT, clearly showed that the lesion identified on planar imaging was indeed int the pulmonary parenchyma and not in the rib, representing ''shine through.'' This case shows the importance of correlative imaging as well as SPECT bone scintigraphy when findings on the planar study are not clear, and it may affect the patient's surgical management. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 22 IS 6 BP 440 EP 441 DI 10.1097/00003072-199706000-00032 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA XD579 UT WOS:A1997XD57900032 PM 9193833 ER PT J AU Stamp, GL AF Stamp, GL TI Advances in emergency and critical care SO COMPENDIUM ON CONTINUING EDUCATION FOR THE PRACTICING VETERINARIAN LA English DT Editorial Material RP Stamp, GL (reprint author), USA,VET COMMAND,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU VETERINARY LEARNING SYSTEMS PI TRENTON PA 425 PHILLIPS BLVD #100, TRENTON, NJ 08618 SN 0193-1903 J9 COMP CONT EDUC PRACT JI Compend. Contin. Educ. Pract. Vet. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 19 IS 6 BP 670 EP & PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA XH782 UT WOS:A1997XH78200002 ER PT J AU Hines, AH Labbate, LA AF Hines, AH Labbate, LA TI Combination midazolam and droperidol for severe post-ECT agitation SO CONVULSIVE THERAPY LA English DT Letter ID ELECTROCONVULSIVE-THERAPY; DELIRIUM RP Hines, AH (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0749-8055 J9 CONVULSIVE THER JI Convulsive Therapy PD JUN PY 1997 VL 13 IS 2 BP 113 EP 114 PG 2 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA XM843 UT WOS:A1997XM84300008 PM 9253531 ER PT J AU Hepburn, MJ English, JC Meffert, JJ AF Hepburn, MJ English, JC Meffert, JJ TI Mees' lines in a patients with multiple parasitic infections SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID LEUKONYCHIA AB Mees' lines, or transverse striate leukonychia, are classically associated with arsenic poisoning, but have been described in other cases of acute or chronic illness. Their pathogenesis is thought to be a disruption of nail plate keratinization secondary to systemic stress, Mees' lines were observed in a patient with helminthic and amebic infections and no history of arsenic exposure, This case demonstrates another clinical setting in which Mees' lines can appear, providing further evidence that Mees' lines may chronicle systemic disease. RP Hepburn, MJ (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,BLDG 3600,3851 ROGER BROOKE DR,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUN PY 1997 VL 59 IS 6 BP 321 EP 323 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA XH492 UT WOS:A1997XH49200008 PM 9218891 ER PT J AU Schmid, I Nicholson, JKA Giorgi, JV Janossy, G Kunkl, A Lopez, PA Perfetto, S Seamer, LC Dean, PN AF Schmid, I Nicholson, JKA Giorgi, JV Janossy, G Kunkl, A Lopez, PA Perfetto, S Seamer, LC Dean, PN TI Biosafety guidelines for sorting of unfixed cells SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Article DE flow cytometry; biohazard; occupational health; safety; cell sorting; aerosol containment ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; INACTIVATION; SURVIVAL; AEROSOL; SPREAD AB The International Society of Analytical Cytology (ISAC) Biohazard Working Group presents guidelines for sorting of unfixed cells, including known biohazardous samples, using jet-in-air, deflected droplet cell sorters. There is a risk that personnel operating these instruments could become exposed to droplets and aerosols containing biological agents present in the samples. The following guidelines can aid in the prevention of exposures of laboratory personnel to pathogens contained in the sort samples. The document provides biosafety recommendations for sample handling, operator training and protection, laboratory facility design, and instrument setup and maintenance. In addition, it describes in detail methods for assessment of instrument aerosol containment. Recommendations provided here may also help laboratories to obtain institutional and/or regulatory agency approval for sorting of unfixed and known biohazardous samples. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,ATLANTA,GA. ROYAL FREE HOSP MED,LONDON,ENGLAND. UNIV GENOA,SAN MARTINO HOSP,GENOA,ITALY. CYTOMAT INC,FT COLLINS,CO. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT HIV DIS PREVENT,ROCKVILLE,MD. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. RP Schmid, I (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT HEMATOL & ONCOL,12-236 FACTOR BLDG,10833 LE CONTE AVE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-16042]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-28697] NR 27 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PD JUN 1 PY 1997 VL 28 IS 2 BP 99 EP 117 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0320(19970601)28:2<99::AID-CYTO2>3.0.CO;2-B PG 19 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA XC495 UT WOS:A1997XC49500002 PM 9181299 ER PT J AU Grabski, WJ Welch, M AF Grabski, WJ Welch, M TI How many skin cancers required Mohs micrographic surgery? Reply SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Letter C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Grabski, WJ (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 23 IS 6 BP 496 EP 497 PG 2 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA XG810 UT WOS:A1997XG81000016 ER PT J AU Thorne, PG Leggett, DC AF Thorne, PG Leggett, DC TI Hydrolytic release of bound residues from composted soil contaminated with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene; explosives; nitroaromatics; compost; analines ID MICROBIAL TRANSFORMATION; EXPLOSIVES; EXTRACTION; SYSTEM; PLANT; TNT AB Samples of composted soil were extracted with solvent, then hydrolyzed with acid or base. The concentrations of extractable, unbound 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and its mono- and diamino metabolites fell rapidly after the first days of composting. Hydrolysis of the extracted residues released significant quantities of intact metabolites. RP Thorne, PG (reprint author), USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,72 LYME RD,HANOVER,NH 03755, USA. NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1132 EP 1134 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<1132:SCHROB>2.3.CO;2 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA XC442 UT WOS:A1997XC44200006 ER PT J AU Parmelee, RW Phillips, CT Checkai, RT Bohlen, PJ AF Parmelee, RW Phillips, CT Checkai, RT Bohlen, PJ TI Determining the effects of pollutants on soil faunal communities and trophic structure using a refined microcosm system SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE cadmium; copper; malathion; polychlorinated biphenyl; soil fauna ID EISENIA-FETIDA; HEAVY-METALS; TOXICITY; COPPER; EARTHWORMS; PENTACHLOROPHENOL; REPRODUCTION; POPULATIONS; MALATHION; CADMIUM AB We used a refined microcosm technique to investigate the toxicity of copper, cadmium. malathion, and the polychlorinated biphenyl, Aroclor 1254, to trophic groups of soil nematodes and to the microarthropod community. Comparisons of changes in nematode abundance in control soils through time indicated that day 7 was the most appropriate time to sample the microcosms after chemical application. Nematode abundance was reduced after exposure to copper at 100 mu g/g, with fungivore, bacterivore, and omnivore-predator nematodes being the most sensitive groups. Cadmium did not affect the nematode or microarthropod communities. Microarthropods were far more sensitive to malathion than were nematodes, and total microarthropod abundance was tower than controls at 400 mu g/g. Prostigmatid mites and ''other'' arthropods were the most affected groups. Aroclor 1254 also had a greater negative impact on microarthropods than on nematodes. Total microarthropod abundance declined at 2,500 mu g/g, with prostigmatid and oribatid mites exhibiting the highest susceptibility. Strong differential sensitivity between nematode and microarthropod communities indicates that both groups should be examined to fully evaluate the biological impact of chemicals on soils. We conclude that microcosms with field-collected soil microfaunal communities offer high resolution of the ecotoxicologic effects of chemicals in complex soil systems. C1 USA,EDGEWOOD RES DEV & ENGN CTR,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. INST ECOSYST STUDIES,NEW YORK,NY 12545. RP Parmelee, RW (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT ENTOMOL,1735 NEIL AVE,COLUMBUS,OH 43210, USA. NR 29 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 12 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1212 EP 1217 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<1212:DTEOPO>2.3.CO;2 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA XC442 UT WOS:A1997XC44200016 ER PT J AU Beutin, L Gleier, K Kontny, I Echeverria, P Scheutz, F AF Beutin, L Gleier, K Kontny, I Echeverria, P Scheutz, F TI Origin and characteristics of enteroinvasive strains of Escherichia coli (EIEC) isolated in Germany SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article ID HEALTHY DOMESTIC-ANIMALS; SERENY TEST; DNA PROBES; SHIGELLA; VIRULENCE; INFECTIONS; DYSENTERY; TOXIN; IDENTIFICATION; AMPLIFICATION AB Thirty-five E. coli strains belonging to O-serogroups associated with enteroinvasive types of Escherichia coli (EIEC) isolated in Germany between 1989 and 1995 were investigated for invasivity-associated DNA sequences. Only 11 strains were positive for ipaH and thus confirmed as EIEC. All 11 EIEC isolates originated from human infections which were imported to Germany from Eastern Europe. EIEC O124 were most frequent and originated from asymptomatic Romanians arriving at Restock, Germany in 1992 and 1993. In January 1993, EIEC O124 were isolated from faeces of a laboratory technician with diarrhoea working at the enteric pathogen department of the Institute of Hygiene in Restock. By comparing her E. coli O124 isolate with recently imported O124 strains for Xba I restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) the probable source of infection could be determined. Four major RFLP patterns were found in the group of O124 strains. O124 strains with identical RFLP patterns were found in the group of O124 strains. O124 strains with identical RFLP patterns were isolated from people who were in close contact to each other. C1 LANDESHYG INST MECKLENBURG VORPOMMERN,D-18002 ROSTOCK,GERMANY. ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. STATENS SERUM INST,WHO,INT ESCHERICHIA & KLEBSIELLA CTR,DEPT GASTROINTESTINAL INFECT,DK-2300 COPENHAGEN S,DENMARK. RP Beutin, L (reprint author), ROBERT KOCH INST,DEPT MICROBIOL,DIV PATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI,NORDUFER 20,D-13353 BERLIN,GERMANY. OI Scheutz, Flemming/0000-0002-3931-4846 NR 36 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 118 IS 3 BP 199 EP 205 DI 10.1017/S0950268897007413 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA XF455 UT WOS:A1997XF45500001 PM 9207729 ER PT J AU Lackey, SW AF Lackey, SW TI Frederick III: Germany's liberal emperor - Kollander,PA SO HISTORIAN LA English DT Book Review RP Lackey, SW (reprint author), US ARMY COMBINED ARMS CTR,FT LEAVENWORTH,KS 66027, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHI ALPHA THETA PI ALLENTOWN PA THE HISTORIAN 50 COLLEGE DR, ALLENTOWN, PA 18104-6100 SN 0018-2370 J9 HISTORIAN JI Historian PD SUM PY 1997 VL 59 IS 4 BP 924 EP 926 PG 3 WC History SC History GA XV015 UT WOS:A1997XV01500063 ER PT J AU Tidrow, SC Tauber, A Wilber, WD Lareau, RT Brandle, CD Berkstresser, GW VenGraitis, AJ Potrepka, DM Budnick, JI Wu, JZ AF Tidrow, SC Tauber, A Wilber, WD Lareau, RT Brandle, CD Berkstresser, GW VenGraitis, AJ Potrepka, DM Budnick, JI Wu, JZ TI New substrates for HTSC microwave devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1996 Applied Superconductivity Conference CY AUG 25-30, 1996 CL PITTSBURGH, PA ID THIN-FILMS; SUPERCONDUCTORS; PHYSICS AB A new substrate material LSAT, a 30/70 mole % solid solution between LaAlO3 anti Sr2AlTaO6, has been prepared for the purposes of eliminating twinning, strain and non-isotropic microwave properties found in pure LaAlO3 substrates, At 300 K and 30/70 mob! %, LSAT is cubic with lattice parameter of 7.737 Angstrom, The dielectric properties of single crystal LSAT (30/70 mole %) substrates have been measured at 10 GHz and 300 K and determined 19 be: dielectric constant epsilon(r)=22.5; and, loss tangent tan(delta) less than or equal to 10(-3), High quality c-axis oriented high critical temperature superconducting (HTSC), YBa2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO), thin films ham been deposited on (001) single crystal LSAT substrates, The crystal quality of these films is excellent as evidenced by the full width half maximum (FWHM) rocking curve widths of typically 300 are-seconds, Critical current densities (as measured using magnetization) are about 4 x 10(6) A/cm(2) at 10 K. Microwave film properties include an onset transition temperature (T-c) higher than 91 K, transition width (Delta T-c) less than 5 K, surface resistance R-s lower than copper (30 m Omega) at 85 K and 35 GHz for a film of thickness 2500 Angstrom. C1 USA,RES LAB,PHYS SCI DIRECTORATE,AMSRL EP EC H,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703. AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT PHYS,STORRS,CT 06268. RP Tidrow, SC (reprint author), UNIV KANSAS,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LAWRENCE,KS 66045, USA. RI Tidrow, Steven/C-8133-2013; OI Potrepka, Daniel/0000-0002-0528-1038 NR 15 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 7 IS 2 BP 1766 EP 1768 DI 10.1109/77.620924 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XH866 UT WOS:A1997XH86600162 ER PT J AU Tidrow, SC Tauber, A Wilber, WD Finnegan, RD Eckart, DW Drach, WC AF Tidrow, SC Tauber, A Wilber, WD Finnegan, RD Eckart, DW Drach, WC TI Dielectric properties of perovskite antimonates SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1996 Applied Superconductivity Conference CY AUG 25-30, 1996 CL PITTSBURGH, PA ID BA-CU-O; SUPERCONDUCTOR THIN-FILMS; SUBSTRATE MATERIALS; GARNET; POLARIZABILITIES; DEVICES; PHYSICS AB In the search for lower dielectric constant substrates for use in a high critical temperature superconducting (HTSC) microwave technology, the dielectric constants and microwave loss tangents determined from the complex dielectric properties measured at 10 GHz and 300 K are reported for numerous perovskite antimonates like A(2)MeSbO(6) where A=Ba or Sr, Me = a rare-earth, Y, Sc, Ga or In and A(4)MeSb(3) O-12 where A=Ba or Sr and Me=Li, Na or K, Using these material properties, the Clausius-Mossotti relationship and a nonlinear regression fitting program, the polarizability of Sb5+ has been investigated and determined to be 1.18+/-0.49 Angstrom(3) which makes it an excellent candidate for use as a constituent in a HTSC microwave substrate technology. C1 USA,RES LAB,PHYS SCI DIRECTORATE,AMSRL PS PC,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703. RI Tidrow, Steven/C-8133-2013 NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 7 IS 2 BP 1769 EP 1771 DI 10.1109/77.620925 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XH866 UT WOS:A1997XH86600163 ER PT J AU Wu, JZ Yun, SH Gapud, A Kang, BW Kang, WN Tidrow, SC Eckart, D Cui, XT Chu, WK AF Wu, JZ Yun, SH Gapud, A Kang, BW Kang, WN Tidrow, SC Eckart, D Cui, XT Chu, WK TI Fast temperature ramping Hg-vapor annealing process for fabrication of Hg-based superconducting thin films SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1996 Applied Superconductivity Conference CY AUG 25-30, 1996 CL PITTSBURGH, PA AB Growth mechanism of superconducting Hg-based cuprate thin films has been studied by changing the sample heating rate in Hg-vapor annealing process. A fast temperature ramping Hg-vapor annealing (FTRA) process has been found to be beneficial to the growth of high quality c-axis oriented epitaxial HgBa2CaCu2O6+delta films with zero-resistance T-c up to 124 K and HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+delta films with zero-resistance T-c up to 130 K on SrTiO3 and LaAlO3 substrates. The high J(c)'s carried by these films makes them promising for many applications. C1 USA,RES LAB,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703. UNIV HOUSTON,TEXAS CTR SUPERCONDUCT,HOUSTON,TX 77204. RP Wu, JZ (reprint author), UNIV KANSAS,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LAWRENCE,KS 66045, USA. RI Tidrow, Steven/C-8133-2013; OI Gapud, Albert/0000-0001-9048-9230 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 7 IS 2 BP 1907 EP 1910 DI 10.1109/77.620958 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XH866 UT WOS:A1997XH86600196 ER PT J AU Snellings, NJ Tall, BD Venkatesan, MM AF Snellings, NJ Tall, BD Venkatesan, MM TI Characterization of Shigella type 1 fimbriae: Expression, FimA sequence, and phase variation SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID URINARY-TRACT INFECTIONS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PILI; COLONIZATION; VIRULENCE; GENE; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; HEMAGGLUTINATION; MUTANTS AB This study documents the presence of type I fimbriae on Shigella and confirms these mannose-sensitive adherence structures to be bona fide components of the Shigella surface, While laboratory-passaged Shigella strains and lyophilized clinical isolates failed to express type 1 fimbriae, 6 of 20 recent clinical isolates, including 1 Shigella flexneri strains, 1 Shigella boydii strain, and 1 Shigella dysenteriae strain, produced type I fimbriae as detected by mannose-sensitive hemagglutination (MSHA) and electron microscopy. Optimal production of a predominantly Fim(+) population required serial passage every 48 to 72 h in unshaken brain heart infusion broth at 37 degrees C, Fim(+) Shigella cultures were capable of reversibly switching ro a non-MSHA, afimbriated phase during serial aerobic cultivation on tryptic soy agar plates, The amino acid sequence of S, flexneri type I FimA contained 18 substitutions compared to that of Escherichia coli fimbrillin, Indirect immunoelectron microscopy suggested the presence of both shared and unique epitopes on E, coli and S, flexneri type 1 fimbriae. Random phase variation between fimbriated and afimbriated states in Shigella was accompanied by the genomic rearrangement associated with phase variation in E, coli. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT ENTER INFECT,DIV COMMUNICABLE DIS & IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & NUTR,MICROBIAL ECOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. OI Tall, Ben/0000-0003-0399-3629 NR 33 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 65 IS 6 BP 2462 EP 2467 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA XB562 UT WOS:A1997XB56200070 PM 9169792 ER PT J AU Godfrey, P AF Godfrey, P TI Minimization in cooperative response to failing database queries SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COOPERATIVE INFORMATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE algorithms and complexity; cooperative query answering; and database query processing ID SYSTEM AB When a query fails, it is more cooperative to identify the cause of failure, rather than just to report the empty answer set. When there is not a cause per se for the query's failure, it is then worthwhile to report the part of the query which failed. To identify a Minimal Failing Subquery (MFS) of the query is the best way to do this. (This MFS is not unique; there may be many of them.) Likewise, to identify a Maximal Succeeding Subquery (XSS) can help a user to recast a new query that leads to a non-empty answer set. Database systems do not provide the functionality of these types of cooperative responses. This may be, in part, because algorithmic approaches to finding the MFSs and the XSSs to a failing query are not obvious. The search space of subqueries is large. Despite work on MFSs in the past, the algorithmic complexity of these identification problems had remained uncharted. This paper shows the complexity profile of MFS and XSS identification. It is shown that there exists a simple algorithm for finding an MFS or an XSS by asking N subsequent queries, in which N is the length of the query. To find more MFSs (or XSSs) can be hard. It is shown that to find N MFSs (or XSSs) is NP-hard. To find k MFSs (or XSSs), for a fixed k, remains polynomial. An optimal algorithm for enumerating MFSs and XSSs, ISHMAEL, is developed and presented. The algorithm has ideal performance in enumeration, finding the first answers quickly, and only decaying toward intractability in a predictable manner as further answers are found. The complexity results and the algorithmic approaches given in this paper should allow for the construction of cooperative facilities which identify MFSs and XSSs for database systems. These results are relevant to a number of problems outside of databases tao, and may find further application. RP Godfrey, P (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 50 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 4 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0218-8430 J9 INT J COOP INF SYST JI Int. J. Coop. Inf. Syst. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 6 IS 2 BP 95 EP 149 DI 10.1142/S0218843097000070 PG 55 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA XE096 UT WOS:A1997XE09600001 ER PT J AU Mather, MK Sperling, LC Sau, P AF Mather, MK Sperling, LC Sau, P TI Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The patient in this study was an 18-day-old healthy boy, delivered by caesarean section at 33 weeks gestation, and the product of a pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes and preterm labor. At 10 days old, three dermal and subcutaneous nodules were noted on the midline of the back (Fig. 1). The nodules measured 1-3 cm in size; they were firm, mobile, and multilobulated in quality. The overlying epidermis was slightly erythematous, but otherwise appeared normal. A skin biopsy obtained 8 days after the lesions were first noted is shown in Fig. 2(a); necrosis of the fat with giant cell formation and characteristic needle-shaped clefts within residual fat cells can be seen (Fig. 2b). RP Mather, MK (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DERMATOL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0NE SN 0011-9059 J9 INT J DERMATOL JI Int. J. Dermatol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 36 IS 6 BP 450 EP 452 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA XK779 UT WOS:A1997XK77900013 PM 9248893 ER PT J AU Scollard, DM Lathrop, GW Truman, RW AF Scollard, DM Lathrop, GW Truman, RW TI Bacillary and histopathological findings in the peripheral nerves of armadillos experimentally infected with M-leprae - Reply SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEPROSY AND OTHER MYCOBACTERIAL DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 USA,MRID,DIV VET MED,FT DETRICK,MD 21701. RP Scollard, DM (reprint author), LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,GWL HANSENS DIS CTR,LAB RES BRANCH,POB 25072,BATON ROUGE,LA 70894, USA. RI Truman, Richard/E-3025-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LEPROSY MISSION PI BATON ROUGE PA GWL HANSENS DISEASE CENTER, LSU VET SCHOOL, RM 11022, SOUTH STADIUM DR, BATON ROUGE, LA 70803-9999 SN 0148-916X J9 INT J LEPROSY JI Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 65 IS 2 BP 261 EP 262 PG 2 WC Microbiology; Pathology; Tropical Medicine SC Microbiology; Pathology; Tropical Medicine GA XX628 UT WOS:A1997XX62800018 ER PT J AU Kim, HJ Leszyk, J Taub, IA AF Kim, HJ Leszyk, J Taub, IA TI Direct observation of protein glycosylation by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE MALDI-TOF-MS; nonenzymatic glycosylation; Maillard reaction; glucagon; lysozyme ID CROSS-LINKING; LYSOZYME; GLUCOSE AB Nonenzymatic glycosylation products of several peptides and lysozyme were observed directly by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) operating in a linear mode, and the number of glucose units added was determined from the observed mass. Oxidation products of the peptides and the glycosylated peptides were also observed. Lysine residues were readily glycosylated; however, a nonapeptide without lysine residue also showed addition of up to four glucose units, suggesting that other amino acid residues can also be glycosylated. The MALDI-TOF-MS technique was useful for comparing reaction products from the glycosylation of different peptides as well as for demonstrating inhibition of glycosylation by N-alpha-acetyl-L-lysine. C1 WORCESTER FDN BIOMED RES,SHREWSBURY,MA. USA,NATICK RES DEV & ENGN CTR,SOLDIER SYST COMMAND,NATICK,MA 01760. RP Kim, HJ (reprint author), SEOUL NATL UNIV,COLL NAT SCI,DEPT CHEM,SEOUL 151742,SOUTH KOREA. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 45 IS 6 BP 2158 EP 2165 DI 10.1021/jf9608128 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA XF143 UT WOS:A1997XF14300034 ER PT J AU Giangreco, DM AF Giangreco, DM TI Untitled SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Letter RP Giangreco, DM (reprint author), USA,COMMAND & GEN STAFF COLL,FT LEAVENWORTH,KS 66027, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGANIZATION AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47408 SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 84 IS 1 BP 322 EP 323 PG 2 WC History SC History GA XE277 UT WOS:A1997XE27700168 ER PT J AU Mello, KE Murarka, SP Lu, TM Lee, SL AF Mello, KE Murarka, SP Lu, TM Lee, SL TI Texture analysis of CoGe2 alloy films grown heteroepitaxially on GaAs(100) using partially ionized beam deposition SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID N-TYPE GAAS; OHMIC CONTACTS; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; METAL; CU AB Reflection x-ray pole figure analysis techniques were used to study the heteroepitaxial relationships of the cobalt germanide CoGe2 to GaAs(100). The alloy films were grown using the partially ionized beam deposition technique, in which low energy Ge+ ions are employed to alter the heteroepitaxial orientation of the CoGe2 deposits. The CoGe2[001](100)\\GaAs[100](001) orientation, which has the smallest lattice mismatch, was found to occur for depositions performed at a substrate temperature around 280 degrees C and with similar to 1200 eV Ge+ ions. Lowering the substrate temperature or reducing the Ge+ ion energy leads ro CoGe2)100) orientation domination with CoGe2[100](010)\\GaAs[100](001) and CoGe2[100](001)\\GaAs[100](001). Substrate temperature alone was seen to produce only the CoGe2(100) orientation. For CoGe2(001) films, additional energy was required from Ge+ ions in the evaporant stream. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,CTR INTEGRATED ELECT & ELECT MFG,DEPT PHYS,TROY,NY 12180. RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,CTR INTEGRATED ELECT & ELECT MFG,DEPT APPL PHYS,TROY,NY 12180. RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,CTR INTEGRATED ELECT & ELECT MFG,DEPT ASTRON,TROY,NY 12180. USA,ARMAMENT RES DEV & ENGN CTR,WATERVLIET,NY 12189. RP Mello, KE (reprint author), RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,CTR INTEGRATED ELECT & ELECT MFG,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,TROY,NY 12180, USA. RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009 NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 11 BP 7261 EP 7267 DI 10.1063/1.365323 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XC348 UT WOS:A1997XC34800021 ER PT J AU Young, CF Poindexter, EH Gerardi, GJ AF Young, CF Poindexter, EH Gerardi, GJ TI Electron paramagnetic resonance of porous silicon: Observation and identification of conduction-band electrons SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB New features in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of porous silicon have been examined here. A new isotropic EPR center was observed at g = 1.9995(1) at T = 4.2 K, in both p-type and n-type porous silicon. By comparing its g value with those of shallow donors in bull; silicon, the center was identified due to the conduction-band (CB) electrons in silicon microcrystals. The CB signal, present in freshly prepared p-type and n-type samples, can be dramatically and surprisingly enhanced by the presence of a polar solvent on the n-type porous silicon surface. Even though it was shown that most of the donor electrons in an n-type sample can be pulled into the porous layer from the substrate by solvent exposure of the porous layer, the possible electrochemical effects are not yet completely understood; to establish a reasonable model for them would require appropriately controlled experiments. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 WILLIAM PATERSON COLL NEW JERSEY,DEPT CHEM & PHYS,WAYNE,NJ 07758. RP Young, CF (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703, USA. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 11 BP 7468 EP 7470 DI 10.1063/1.365289 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XC348 UT WOS:A1997XC34800053 ER PT J AU Gruber, JB Zandi, B Seltzer, MD AF Gruber, JB Zandi, B Seltzer, MD TI Spectra and energy levels of trivalent holmium in strontium fluorapatite SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID YTTRIUM-ALUMINUM-GARNET AB Polarized absorption and fluorescence spectra are reported for Ho3+ (4f(10)) ions incorporated into single crystals of strontium fluorapatite, Sr-5(PO4)(3)F, also known as SFAP. Site-selective excitation experiments indicate that, to within instrumental resolution, the Ho3+ ions occupy similar lattice sites having C-s symmetry. Spectra were obtained between 1940 and 400 nm at temperatures from 4 K to room temperature on crystals having the hexagonal structure [P6(3)/m(C-6h(2))]. Individual energy (Stark) levels for the fourteen lowest-energy multiplet manifolds of Ho3+ (4f(10)) were analyzed in detail. These manifolds include the I-5(8) (ground state), the remaining I-5(J) manifolds, F-5(J), S-5(2), K-3(8)(2), (5)G(6), and the (3)G(5)(2) manifolds. A Hamiltonian consisting of Coulombic, spin-orbit, and crystal-field terms was diagonalized over these manifolds in an LSJM(J) bas;is set, which includes 146 crystal-quantum states, labeled either Gamma(1) or Gamma(2), appropriate to the crystal-field symmetry of C-s. By varying the crystal-field parameters, B-nm, and the centroid for each manifold, we obtained agreement between 101 experimental and calculated Stark levels with a rms deviation of 9 cm(-1). An additional 15 Stark levels, not included in the original analyses, are predicted to within the rms deviation. The predicted symmetry label of each Stark level agrees with the experimental assignment based on the analysis of the polarized spectra. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA,RES LAB,SENSORS & ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE,ADELPHI,MD 20783. USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,DIV WEAPONS,RES & TECHNOL GRP,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. RP Gruber, JB (reprint author), SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SAN JOSE,CA 95192, USA. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 11 BP 7506 EP 7513 DI 10.1063/1.365292 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XC348 UT WOS:A1997XC34800058 ER PT J AU Scozzie, CJ McLean, FB McGarrity, JM AF Scozzie, CJ McLean, FB McGarrity, JM TI Modeling the temperature response of 4H silicon carbide junction field-effect transistors SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The electrical characteristics of 4H-SiC depletion-mode junction field-effect transistors (JFETs) have been measured over an extended temperature range from 218 to 673 K. A basic model has been applied to predict I-V characteristics for SiC JFETs over this extended temperature range using the standard abrupt-junction long-channel JFET equations. The model employs a two-level donor ionization structure using ionization energies of 0.050 and 0.080 eV and assumes a two-step inverse power law dependence of mobility on temperature based on recently published Hall measurement data. The modeled I-V characteristics are in good agreement with the experimental data over the temperature range from 273 to 673 K. The deviations between the experimental data and the response model at the temperature extremes are attributed to increased substrate resistivity at 218 K and increased device leakage currents at 673 K. RP USA, RES LAB, 2800 POWDER MILL RD, ADELPHI, MD 20783 USA. NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 11 BP 7687 EP 7689 DI 10.1063/1.365349 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XC348 UT WOS:A1997XC34800087 ER PT J AU Rudolph, AS Sulpizio, A Hieble, P MacDonald, V Chavez, M Feuerstein, G AF Rudolph, AS Sulpizio, A Hieble, P MacDonald, V Chavez, M Feuerstein, G TI Liposome encapsulation attenuates hemoglobin-induced vasoconstriction in rabbit arterial segments SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nitric oxide; blood substitute ID CROSS-LINKED HEMOGLOBIN; RECOMBINANT HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN; STROMA-FREE HEMOGLOBIN; NITRIC-OXIDE; EXCHANGE-TRANSFUSION; BIOLOGICAL RESPONSES; RESUSCITATIVE FLUID; BLOOD SUBSTITUTE; SALINE SOLUTION; EAR ARTERY AB Free hemoglobin (Hb) induces a potent vasoconstrictor response that may limit its therapeutic application as a red blood cell replacement. We have investigated whether encapsulation of stroma-free Hb (SFHb) or cross-linked HI, (alpha alpha-Hb) in Liposomes modulates Hb vasoactivity in isolated blood vessels. Relaxation of rabbit thoracic vessels was measured before and after exposure to acellular SFHb. alpha alpha-Hb, and liposome-encapsulated SFHb or alpha alpha-Hb. SFHb and alpha alpha-Hb caused significant inhibition of carbachol-induced relaxation at 0.5 mg/dl, whereas encapsulation inhibited vessel relaxation at 30- to 60-fold higher Hb concentrations. The contractile response of rabbit ear arterial segments to electrical stimulation in the presence of acellular alpha alpha-Hb resulted in a 150% increase (EC150) in contractile amplitude at 0.23 mg/dl: whereas the EC150 for encapsulated alpha alpha-Hb was 13.7 mg/dl. Mechanistic studies of the vasoconstrictor activity of Hb demonstrated that acellular alpha alpha-Hb had no effect on norepinephrine release in the rabbit ear artery. In addition, neither acellular nor encapsulated alpha alpha-Hb preparations inhibited endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase activity isolated from bovine pulmonary artery. However, inhibition of vessel relaxation by acellular or encapsulated cra-Hb was reversed by the NO donor S-nitrosylpenacillamine, implicating Hb-NO binding as a possible mechanism for the vasoconstrictor response. Ln vitro stopped-flow kinetic studies of Hb-NO binding showed similar rates of reaction for conversion of oxyhemoglobin to methemoglobin (metHb; <2 ms), followed by rapid conversion of metHb to NO-Hb, (300 ms) for both acellular and encapsulated aa-Hb, demonstrating that liposome encapsulation does not retard NO-Hb binding. The attenuated vasoactivity of encapsulated Kb may, therefore, result from the limited access of encapsulated Hb to NO imposed by the physical size of the liposome and reduced penetration of Hb across the vascular endothelium. C1 SMITHKLINE BEECHAM,DEPT CARDIOVASC PHARMACOL,KING OF PRUSSIA,PA 19406. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,BLOOD RES DETACHMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Rudolph, AS (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,CODE 6910,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 56 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 82 IS 6 BP 1826 EP 1835 PG 10 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA XD265 UT WOS:A1997XD26500017 PM 9173947 ER PT J AU Andreas, EL Trevino, G AF Andreas, EL Trevino, G TI Using wavelets to detect trends SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Acoustic Remote Sensing and Associated Techniques of the Atmosphere and Oceans CY OCT 03-07, 1994 CL NOAA ENVIRONM TECHNOL LAB, BOULDER, CO SP Int Soc Acoust Remote Sensing HO NOAA ENVIRONM TECHNOL LAB ID COHERENT STRUCTURES; TURBULENCE; TRANSFORMS; MICROFRONTS AB Wavelets are a new class of basis functions that are finding wide use for analyzing and interpreting time series data. This paper describes a new use for wavelets-identifying trends in time series. The general signal considered has a quadratic trend. The inverted Haar wavelet and the elephant wavelet, respectively, provide estimates of the first-order and second-order coefficients in the trend polynomial. Unlike usual wavelet applications, however, this analysis requires only one wavelet dilation scale L, where L is the total length of the time series. Error analysis shows that wavelet trend detection is roughly half as accurate as least squares trend detection when accuracy is evaluated in terms of the mean-square error in estimates of the first-order and second-order trend coefficients. But wavelet detection is more than twice as efficient as least squares detection in the sense that it requires fewer than half the number of floating-point operations of least squares regression to yield the three coefficients of the quadratic trend polynomial. This paper demonstrates wavelet trend detection using artificial data and then various turbulence data collected in the atmospheric surface layer and last, provides guidelines on when linear and quadratic trends are ''significant'' enough to require removal from a time series. C1 MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN ENGN MECH,HOUGHTON,MI 49931. RP Andreas, EL (reprint author), USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,SNOW & ICE DIV,72 LYME RD,HANOVER,NH 03755, USA. NR 26 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 14 IS 3 BP 554 EP 564 DI 10.1175/1520-0426(1997)014<0554:UWTDT>2.0.CO;2 PN 1 PG 11 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XC594 UT WOS:A1997XC59400021 ER PT J AU Serichantalergs, O Nirdnoy, W Cravioto, A LeBron, C Wolf, M Svennerholm, AM Shlim, D Hoge, CW Echeverria, P AF Serichantalergs, O Nirdnoy, W Cravioto, A LeBron, C Wolf, M Svennerholm, AM Shlim, D Hoge, CW Echeverria, P TI Coli surface antigens associated with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from persons with traveler's diarrhea in Asia SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PUTATIVE COLONIZATION FACTOR; DISEASE; HUMANS AB Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains were isolated from travelers or military personnel who developed diarrhea after visiting Nepal or who were deployed to Thailand, Indonesia, or the Philippines. ETEC isolates were examined for colonization factor antigen (CFA). CFAs were identified on 59% (40 of 68) of the isolates examined. The lack of a detectable CFA on 41% (28 of 68) of the isolates is of concern for the development of an effective ETEC vaccine. C1 ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,DEPT BACTERIOL IMMUNOL & MOL GENET,BANGKOK,THAILAND. UNIV NACL AUTONOMA MEXICO,FAC MED,MEXICO CITY 04510,DF,MEXICO. NAVAL MED RES UNIT 2,JAKARTA,INDONESIA. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC. GOTHENBURG UNIV,DEPT MED MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,S-41346 GOTHENBURG,SWEDEN. CANADIAN INT WATER & ENERGY CONSULTANTS CLIN,KATMANDU,NEPAL. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1639 EP 1641 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA XA755 UT WOS:A1997XA75500075 PM 9163506 ER PT J AU Burris, HA Moore, MJ Andersen, J Green, MR Rothenberg, ML Madiano, MR Cripps, MC Portenoy, RK Storniolo, AM Tarassoff, P Nelson, R Dorr, FA Stephens, CD VanHoff, DD AF Burris, HA Moore, MJ Andersen, J Green, MR Rothenberg, ML Madiano, MR Cripps, MC Portenoy, RK Storniolo, AM Tarassoff, P Nelson, R Dorr, FA Stephens, CD VanHoff, DD TI Improvements in survival and clinical benefit with gemcitabine as first-line therapy for patients with advanced pancreas cancer: A randomized trial SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHASE-II TRIAL; PREVIOUSLY UNTREATED PATIENTS; ADVANCED COLORECTAL-CANCER; HIGH-DOSE LEUCOVORIN; MITOMYCIN-C FAM; ADVANCED ADENOCARCINOMA; 5-FLUOROURACIL; CARCINOMA; FLUOROURACIL; PAIN AB Purpose: Most patients with advanced pancreas cancer experience pain and must limit their daily activities because of tumor-related symptoms, To date, no treatment has had a significant impact on the disease. In early studies with gemcitabine, patients with pancreas cancer experienced an improvement in disease-related symptoms. Based on those findings, a definitive trial was performed to assess the effectiveness of gemcitabine in patients with newly diagnosed advanced pancreas cancer. Patients and Methods: One hundred twenty-six patients with advanced symptomatic pancreas cancer completed a lead-in period to characterize and stabilize pain and were randomized to receive either gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m(2) weekly x 7 followed by 1 week of rest, then weekly x 3 every 4 weeks thereafter (63 patients), or to fluorouracil (5-FU) 600 mg/m(2) once weekly (63 patients). The primary efficacy measure was clinical benefit response, which was a composite of measurements of pain (analgesic consumption and pain intensity), Karnofsky performance status, and weight, Clinical benefit required a sustained (greater than or equal to 4 weeks) improvement in at least one parameter without worsening in any others. Other measures of efficacy included response rate, time to progressive disease, and survival, Results: Clinical benefit response was experienced by 23.8% of gemcitabine-treated patients compared with 4.8% of 5-FU-treated patients (P = .0022), The median survival durations were 5.65 and 4,41 months for gemcitabine-treated and 5-FU-treated patients, respectively (P = .0025), The survival rate at 12 months was 18% for gemcitabine patients and 2% for 5-FU patients, Treatment wets well tolerated. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that gemcitabine is more effective than 5-FU in alleviation of some disease-related symptoms in patients with advanced, symptomatic pancreas cancer. Gemcitabine also confers a modest survival advantage over treatment with 5-FU, (C) 1997 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 INST DRUG DEV,CANC THERAPY & RES CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78245. USA,BROOKE MED CTR,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. PRINCESS MARGARET HOSP,TORONTO,ON M4X 1K9,CANADA. ONTARIO CANC TREATMENT & RES FDN,OTTAWA,ON,CANADA. ELI LILLY & CO,LILLY RES LABS,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46285. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,CTR CANC,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. ARIZONA CLIN RES CTR,TUCSON,AZ. CANC CARE CTR SO ARIZONA,TUCSON,AZ. MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RI qiao, zhixin/I-3408-2012 NR 41 TC 3182 Z9 3301 U1 13 U2 89 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 15 IS 6 BP 2403 EP 2413 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA XD977 UT WOS:A1997XD97700029 PM 9196156 ER PT J AU Pope, J AF Pope, J TI Responding to coastal erosion and flooding damages SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Louisianas Barrier Islands - An Evaluation of Their Geological Evolution, Morphodynamics and Rapid Deterioration CY APR, 1995 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA DE Louisiana; shore erosion; shore protection; seawalls; coastal armoring; beaches; coastal flooding; coastal management AB Throughout recorded history the great seaside centers of culture and commerce have relied upon safe harbors and the stability of their shores for survival. Today's coastline is of economical, social, cultural, and environmental value to communities and to nations. However, shorelines are dynamic and ephemeral places where erosion trends tend to dominate. Development along the shore places the desires of man (to have a safe and stable home) in direct opposition to the natural trends of nature (to erode. transport, and deposit coastal lands). Human reaction to coastal erosion and flooding problems range from hardening the shore to continually replacing the lost material to limiting or stopping future development. Whatever management and engineering steps are taken should be determined as the result of a well-informed and logical process. Coastal management strategy, including the decision to incorporate shore protection works, should be based upon a clear understanding of the problem, site conditions, and socio-economic expectations. Although the discussion presented here is applicable to all coastal settings; the full integration of geologic insights, engineering technology, and human anticipations is particularly critical in addressing the problems of the rapidly eroding and flood-prone shores of Louisiana. There are no ''silver bullets'' for solving coastal flooding and erosion problems. Every human action in the coastal zone has the potential to cause both an enhancing and an adverse reaction. However, when properly evaluated and rationally considered, there are effective means for minimizing coastal flood and erosion damages. This paper explores the philosophy and issues associated with developing management and engineering responses to coastal erosion and flooding problems. RP Pope, J (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 17 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD SUM PY 1997 VL 13 IS 3 BP 704 EP 710 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA XQ326 UT WOS:A1997XQ32600011 ER PT J AU White, KD Kay, RL AF White, KD Kay, RL TI Dusting procedures for advance ice-jam mitigation measures SO JOURNAL OF COLD REGIONS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB In areas where damaging spring breakup ice jams are recurring events, advance mitigation measures should be considered. One mitigation measure that might be used in advance of ice breakup is aerial dusting of the ice, which enhances the natural weakening process. Because there may be limited time in which to organize and implement advance measures for ice jams, dusting operations should be planned beforehand. This paper provides a brief overview of the physical processes involved in ice dusting and discusses important aspects of a dusting plan. Experiences from two dusting programs in Nebraska were used as the basis for developing a set of guidelines for planning dusting operations. A spreadsheet for estimating dusting costs was also developed and is presented with actual data from a 1994 dusting operation. C1 USA, CORPS ENGINEERS, OMAHA DIST, OMAHA, NE 68102 USA. RP White, KD (reprint author), USA, COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB, 72 LYME RD, HANOVER, NH 03755 USA. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0887-381X J9 J COLD REG ENG JI J. Cold Reg. Eng. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 11 IS 2 BP 130 EP 145 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(1997)11:2(130) PG 16 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA WZ817 UT WOS:A1997WZ81700003 ER PT J AU Clarke, FW AF Clarke, FW TI An optical alternative to the Hall test SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1996 US Workshop on The Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY OCT 22-24, 1996 CL LAS VEGAS, NV SP USA, Night Vis & Electro Opt Syst Directorate, USN, Naval Res Lab, USAF, Wright Labs, Amer Phys Soc, Minerals Met & Mat Soc DE electron effective mass; electron mobility; Faraday rotation; free carrier absorption; IR detector materials; magneto-optical; nondestructive testing ID HG1-XCDXTE; MOBILITY AB Effective mass ratios, m*, of electrons in n-type InSb, GaAs, and near intrinsic and n-type Hg1-xCdxTe for 0.20 < x < 0.30 over the temperature range 77K < T < 296K were measured using Faraday rotation spectroscopy. m(*) ranged from 0.0186 to 0.0357 for InSb with carrier concentrations, N, in the range 1.76 < N < 110 x 10(16) cm(-3) at 296K, in good agreement with available values in the literature. Effective masses of HgCdTe were found to be about twice as large at room temperature as band edge effective mass, m(be)*, calculations. These calculations can be corrected for thermal excitation by adding a factor, m**, to the band edge calculation: m* = m** m(be)(*), where m** was found empirically to be m** = 4.52 x 10(-3) T + 0.78. The electron's mobility is proportional to the ratio of the electron's Faraday rotation to its absorption; that is, the absorption due to the intraband transitions of the electron itself not the sample's total absorption, which may include holes, interband transitions, and the like. The constant of proportionality, or the ''mobility constant'', was measured in n-type GaAs and InSb doped above 18 x 10(16) cm(-3) using absorption directly. Both HgCdTe and InSb have large intrinsic carrier concentrations, on the order of 10(16) cm(-3). Hole absorption is the majority component of the sample's absorption at lower n-type dopant concentrations. In these cases, the mobility constant was determined using an absorption cross section. C1 USA,MISSILE COMMAND,CTR RES DEV & ENGN,WEAPONS SCI DIRECTORATE,AMSMI,RD,WS,CM,REDSTONE ARSENAL,AL 35898. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 26 IS 6 BP 593 EP 599 DI 10.1007/s11664-997-0200-y PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA XF164 UT WOS:A1997XF16400022 ER PT J AU James, WF Barko, JW Eakin, HL AF James, WF Barko, JW Eakin, HL TI Nutrient regeneration by the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WESTERN LAKE ERIE; HATCHERY BAY; ALGAE AB Changes in suspended seston and soluble nutrients were examined as a function of zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) density in flow-through sediment-water microcosms to determine impacts on nutrient recycling. Overall, zebra mussels removed >70% of the suspended seston and >80% of the total chlorophyll a input to the microcosms. Declines in organic nitrogen in microcosms were accompanied by density-dependent increases in nitrate-nitrite nitrogen. We suggest that micro nora associated with the sediments in the microcosms were transforming ammonium nitrogen, which is an excretory product of zebra mussels, into nitrate nitrogen. Declines in total phosphorus in the microcosms also coincided with density-dependent increases in the concentration of soluble reactive phosphorus and its rate of regeneration, suggesting enhanced nutrient cycling via excretion. Calculated rates of soluble phosphorus regeneration due to zebra mussel activity ranged from 0.3 to 2.5 mg m(-2) d(-1) at mussel densities ranging between 170 to 1300 individuals m(-2) phosphorus regeneration by zebra mussels could have important implications for the phosphorus economy of many lakes and rivers which have been invaded by this organism. RP James, WF (reprint author), USA, ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN, EAU GALLE AQUAT ECOL LAB, SPRING VALLEY, WI 54767 USA. NR 22 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 12 PU OIKOS PUBL INC PI LA CROSSE PA PO BOX 2558, LA CROSSE, WI 54601 USA SN 0270-5060 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 12 IS 2 BP 209 EP 216 DI 10.1080/02705060.1997.9663528 PG 8 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA WZ073 UT WOS:A1997WZ07300005 ER PT J AU Valsaraj, KT Choy, B Ravikrishna, R Reible, DD Thibodeaux, LJ Price, CB Brannon, JM Myers, TE AF Valsaraj, KT Choy, B Ravikrishna, R Reible, DD Thibodeaux, LJ Price, CB Brannon, JM Myers, TE TI Air emissions from exposed, contaminated sediments and dredged materials .1. Experimental data in laboratory microcosms and mathematical modelling SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID VAPORS AB The air emissions of two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pyrene and phenanthrene) and one heterocyclic compound (dibenzofuran) from an 'aged' contaminated sediment (Rouge River, Michigan) were studied in an experimental microcosm. The sediment-to-air flux of the above semivolatile organic compounds (SOCs) was obtained from an initially water-saturated sediment. The magnitude of flux varied as dibenzofuran > phenanthrene > pyrene. At a low air flow rate (10 ml min(-1)) the flux was low and stable and air-phase resistance controlled. At a larger flow rate (100 ml min(-1)) the flux was high initially and then declined, indicating the effects of sediment-side diffusion on mass transfer to air. The flux was also sensitive to the relative humidity (RH) of the air flowing above the sediment, It was observed that the flux, though high initially, declined rapidly as dry air (0% RH) was passed over the wet sediment, Loss of sediment moisture which increased the sorptive capacity of the sediment for the contaminants was also noted. Subsequent exposure of the dry sediment to humid air increased the flux. The steady stare flux was consistently high when humid air was passed over dry sediment. The experimental data were analyzed using a mathematical model which estimated the air emission from an exposed sediment layer under both sediment-side and air-side resistance controled conditions. The model incorporated an advancing 'drying front' in the direction of airflow for water evaporation in accordance with our observations. The sharp decrease in contaminant flux was attributed to the drying-out of the sediment and a consequent increase in its sorptive capacity for the contaminant. The framework of the theory underlying the air emission modelling from exposed sediment, dredged and placed in a confined disposal facility (CDF) is summarized. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 UNIV SYDNEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,SYDNEY,NSW 2006,AUSTRALIA. USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,ENVIRONM LAB,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. RP Valsaraj, KT (reprint author), LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803, USA. NR 30 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 54 IS 1-2 BP 65 EP 87 DI 10.1016/S0304-3894(96)01872-9 PG 23 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA XJ433 UT WOS:A1997XJ43300005 ER PT J AU Ayala, E Enghardt, MH Horton, M AF Ayala, E Enghardt, MH Horton, M TI Cost effective, environmentally safe tissue processing method with paraffin oil SO JOURNAL OF HISTOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE clearing; paraffin oil; tissue processing ID D-LIMONENE AB We present a cost-effective, environmentally safer tissue processing technique that results in superior morphological detail and preserves antigenicity. Our procedure uses par affin oil in place of common clearing reagents such as xylene or limonene. Paraffin oil is compatible with existing laboratory equipment and can be used in closed tissue processing instruments. The oil is economical because it is easily and quickly restored for repeat use. C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. RP Ayala, E (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,3851 ROGER BROOKE DR,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL SOC HISTOTECHNOLOGY PI BOWIE PA 4201 NORTHVIEW DR, STE 502, BOWIE, MD 20716-1073 SN 0147-8885 J9 J HISTOTECHNOL JI J. Histotechnol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 20 IS 2 BP 133 EP 137 PG 5 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA XA940 UT WOS:A1997XA94000008 ER PT J AU Steffler, PM Hicks, E AF Steffler, PM Hicks, E TI Finite-element model for high-velocity channels - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,CEWES HW,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,CEWES HS S,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. RP Steffler, PM (reprint author), UNIV ALBERTA,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,EDMONTON,AB T6G 2G7,CANADA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD JUN PY 1997 VL 123 IS 6 BP 581 EP 582 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1997)123:6(581) PG 2 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA XA489 UT WOS:A1997XA48900014 ER PT J AU Berger, RC Stockstill, RL AF Berger, RC Stockstill, RL TI Finite-element model for high-velocity channels - Closure SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,CEWES HW S,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. RP Berger, RC (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,CEWES HW,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD JUN PY 1997 VL 123 IS 6 BP 582 EP 582 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1997)123:6(582.x) PG 1 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA XA489 UT WOS:A1997XA48900017 ER PT J AU Riley, JL Carroll, RG Levine, BL Bernstein, W StLouis, DC Weislow, OW June, CH AF Riley, JL Carroll, RG Levine, BL Bernstein, W StLouis, DC Weislow, OW June, CH TI Intrinsic resistance to T cell infection with HIV type 1 induced by CD28 costimulation SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; IN-VITRO; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; HUMAN MACROPHAGES; INTERFERON-ALPHA; CROSS-LINKING; REPLICATION; ACTIVATION; ANTIGEN; CD4 AB When HIV-infected leukocytes are activated by the CD28 costimulatory receptor, HIV-1 is rapidly cleared from cultures, suggesting that costimulation can render T cells resistant to HIV-1 infection, In this study we tested the hypothesis that enhanced secretion of cytokines or chemokines could account for CD28-induced antiviral effects. In an acute infection system, resistance to infection with macrophage-tropic strains of HIV-1 was shown to be comprised of both soluble and cell-associated components, Induction of HIV-1 resistance was specific for CD28 costimulation, in that a variety of other accessory receptors, such as CD2, CD4, CD5, and MHC class I, failed to confer the antiviral resistance, The soluble component was secreted by both CD4 and CD8 T cells, was not unique to CD28 costimulation, and could be neutralized by removal of C-C chemokines (RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha and -1 beta) from the culture supernatants of costimulated CD4 T cells, In contrast, CD28 stimulation of CD4 cells resulted in the specific induction of a pronounced intrinsic resistance to HIV-1 infection by macrophage tropic isolates of HIV-1. C1 USN,MED RES INST,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV RETROVIROL,ROCKVILLE,MD. SRA TECHNOL,DIV LIFE SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. SRA TECHNOL,HENRY M JACKSON FDN ADVANCEMENT MIL MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MOL & CELL BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RI Levine, Bruce/D-1688-2009; OI Riley, James/0000-0002-1057-576X NR 55 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JUN 1 PY 1997 VL 158 IS 11 BP 5545 EP 5553 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA XA063 UT WOS:A1997XA06300063 PM 9164979 ER PT J AU Michael, NL Brown, AE Voigt, RF Frankel, SS Mascola, JR Brothers, KS Louder, M Birx, DL Cassol, SA AF Michael, NL Brown, AE Voigt, RF Frankel, SS Mascola, JR Brothers, KS Louder, M Birx, DL Cassol, SA TI Rapid disease progression without seroconversion following primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection - Evidence for highly susceptible human hosts SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; HIV-1 INFECTION; NATURAL-HISTORY; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; IN-VIVO; AIDS; BLOOD; ASSAY; LOAD; PATHOGENICITY AB A patient is described who rapidly progressed from primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection to death without seroconversion but with consistently high plasma viremia. His asymptomatic sex partner had been HIV-1 seropositive for >8 years prior to transmission Analysis of viral sequences from these subjects and controls confirmed the transmission event. Although the biologic properties of the patient's virus were unremarkable, he had poor functional immune responses to HIV and an HLA haplotype associated with rapid disease progression, The disparity between immune responses and clinical course in this transmission pair, coupled with infection with an unremarkable HIV-1 isolate, underscores the crucial importance of host factors in HIV-1 pathogenesis. C1 HENRY M JACKSON FDN,ROCKVILLE,MD. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. ST PAULS HOSP,VANCOUVER,BC V6Z 1Y6,CANADA. BRITISH COLUMBIA CTR EXCELLENCE HIV AIDS,VANCOUVER,BC,CANADA. RP Michael, NL (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV RETROVIROL,13 TAFT COURT,SUITE 200,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 54 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 175 IS 6 BP 1352 EP 1359 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA XC322 UT WOS:A1997XC32200010 PM 9180174 ER PT J AU Wheeler, JS AF Wheeler, JS TI City of capital: Politics and markets in the English financial revolution - Carruthers,BG SO JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review RP Wheeler, JS (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU M I T PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA FIVE CAMBRIDGE CENTER, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0022-1953 J9 J INTERDISCIPL HIST JI J. Interdiscip. Hist. PD SUM PY 1997 VL 28 IS 1 BP 98 EP 99 DI 10.2307/206174 PG 2 WC History SC History GA XM889 UT WOS:A1997XM88900012 ER PT J AU Wu, X Hommerich, U MacKenzie, JD Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Wilson, RG Schwartz, RN Zavada, JM AF Wu, X Hommerich, U MacKenzie, JD Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Wilson, RG Schwartz, RN Zavada, JM TI Photoluminescence study of Er-doped AlN SO JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Conference on luminescence and Optical Spectroscopy of Condensed Matter (ICL 96) CY AUG 18-23, 1996 CL PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Charles Univ, Fac Math & Phys, Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Czech Minist Educ Youth & Sport, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, European Commiss, WE Heraeus Fdn DE Er; AlN; photoluminescence AB We present a photoluminescence (PL) study of Er-doped AIN epilayer on sapphire substrate. The AlN: Er film was grown by metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy and an Er concentration of 2-5 x 10(19) Er/cm(3) was obtained. Following the excitation of an argon ion laser at 488 nm, we observed a strong 1.54 mu m Er3+ luminescence, which is quenched by only a factor of two between 15 K and room temperature. The photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectrum, as well as PL lifetime measurement suggest that at 488 nm, Er3+ is excited through a photo-carrier mediated process. In contrast, exciting AIN: Er at similar to 525 nm seems to result in the direct excitation of an intra-4f transition of Er3+. C1 HAMPTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,OPT PHYS RES CTR,HAMPTON,VA 23668. UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. HUGHES RES LABS,MALIBU,CA 90265. USA,RES OFF,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. NR 3 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2313 J9 J LUMIN JI J. Lumines. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 72-4 BP 284 EP 286 DI 10.1016/S0022-2313(97)00010-0 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA XK428 UT WOS:A1997XK42800104 ER PT J AU Dhote, AM Madhukar, S Young, D Venkatesan, T Ramesh, R Cotell, CM Benedetto, JM AF Dhote, AM Madhukar, S Young, D Venkatesan, T Ramesh, R Cotell, CM Benedetto, JM TI Low temperature growth and reliability of ferroelectric memory cell integrated on Si with conducting barrier stack SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; HETEROSTRUCTURES; FABRICATION; CAPACITORS; ELECTRODES; FATIGUE; LAYERS AB Polycrystalline LSCO/PNZT/LSCO ferroelectric capacitor heterostructures were grown by pulsed laser deposition using a composite conducting barrier layer of Pt/TiN on poly Si/Si substrate, The growth of the ferroelectric heterostructure is accomplished at a temperature in the range of 500-600 degrees C, This integration results in a 3-dimensional stacked capacitor-transistor geometry which is important for high density nonvolatile memory (HDNVM) applications, Transmission electron microscopy shows smooth substrate-film and film-film interfaces without any perceptible interdiffusion, The ferroelectric properties and reliability of these integrated capacitors were studied extensively at room temperature and 100 degrees C for different growth temperatures. The capacitors exhibit excellent reliability, both at room temperature and at elevated temperatures, making them very desirable for HDNVM applications. C1 USN,RES LAB,SURFACE MODIFICAT BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. USA,RES LABS,ADELPHI,MD 20783. RP Dhote, AM (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MAT & NUCL ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. RI Venkatesan, Thirumalai/E-1667-2013 NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 12 IS 6 BP 1589 EP 1594 DI 10.1557/JMR.1997.0218 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA XC344 UT WOS:A1997XC34400026 ER PT J AU Cragg, GM Baker, JT Borris, RP Carte, B Cordell, GA Soejarto, DD AF Cragg, GM Baker, JT Borris, RP Carte, B Cordell, GA Soejarto, DD TI Interactions with source countries. Guidelines for members of the American Society of Pharmacognosy SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS LA English DT Editorial Material AB The formulation of a set of guidelines for members of the American Society of Pharmacognosy to follow in their relationship with genetically rich source countries has been discussed for several years. At the 37th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Pharmacognosy, held in July 1996 at the University of California, Santa Cruz, a resolution and set of guidelines promoting the research and training of source country scientists, the facilitation of technology transfer, and the fair and equitable sharing of results and benefits arising from the utilization and commercialization of source country natural resources were officially endorsed by the membership in attendance. C1 OFF COMMISSIONER ENVIRONM,CANBERRA,ACT 2601,AUSTRALIA. MERCK RES LABS,RAHWAY,NJ 07065. NATL UNIV SINGAPORE,INST MOL & CELL BIOL,CTR NAT PROD RES,SINGAPORE 119260,SINGAPORE. UNIV ILLINOIS,COLL PHARM,DEPT MED CHEM & PHARMACOGNOSY,PROGRAM COLLABORAT RES PHARMACEUT SCI,CHICAGO,IL 60612. ESTEFETA UNIV,COLL PHARM,CTR PHARMACOGNOST RES PANAMANIAN FLORA,PANAMA CITY,PANAMA. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NATL MUSEUM,DEPT BOT,MANILA,PHILIPPINES. RP Cragg, GM (reprint author), NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,NAT PROD BRANCH,DIV CANC TREATMENT DIAG & CTR,FREDERICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 2 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0163-3864 J9 J NAT PROD JI J. Nat. Prod. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 60 IS 6 BP 654 EP 655 DI 10.1021/np970125q PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA XG185 UT WOS:A1997XG18500033 ER PT J AU Krishnamurthy, T Ross, PL Goode, MT Menking, DL Rajamani, U Heroux, K AF Krishnamurthy, T Ross, PL Goode, MT Menking, DL Rajamani, U Heroux, K TI Biomolecules and mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL TOXINS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Rocky Mountain Regional ACS Meeting CY JUN, 1996 CL LAKEWOOD, CO SP ACS Rocky Mtd Reg ID ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; PEPTIDES AB In recent years, state-of-the-art mass spectrometric (MS) and tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) techniques have contributed immensely towards the investigation of biopolymers. Characterization and analysis of toxic and biologically active molecules, pathogenic and non-pathogenic organisms, diagnosis and treatment of diseases, identification and therapy for genetic disorders, biotechnology, bioremediation, and recognition as well as projection of potential threats to human health are some of the areas in which MS and MS/MS methodologies have been applied extensively. Electrospray (ESI), fast atom bombardment (FAB), and matrix assisted laser desorption (MALDI) ionization methods in combination with MS and MS/MS techniques were applied to measure the molecular masses of proteins using femtomole quantities of the intact molecules. Samples were introduced into the ionization source either directly or after liquid chromatographic (HPLC) or capillary zone electrophoretic (CZE) separation for measuring molecular masses. Simple chemical transformation, derivatization, and enzymatic degradations of a few nanomoles of the intact molecules followed by tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) analysis of the products resulted in deriving the total amino acid sequences of the intact molecule. Location of the disulfide bonds could also be identified by a similar approach using 1-2 nanomdes of the proteins. Bacterial pathogens can be detected up to the strain level and distinguished from their non-pathogenic counterparts by the MALDI-MS analysis of either bacterial proteins or the intact whole cells. Distinction of closely related bacteria could thus be accomplished by mass spectrometric methods with ease, which was not possible earlier. Methods described in this report can easily be adopted for the detection, identification, and characterization of any proteinaceous toxins, antibodies, bacterial and viral pathogens. All of these investigations and analyses can be carried out cost-effectively as well as with great speed, selectivity, accuracy, and consistency. C1 USA,EDGEWOOD RD&E CTR,RES & TECHNOL DIRECTORATE,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ALAKEN, INC PI FT COLLINS PA 305 W MAGNOLIA ST, STE 196, FT COLLINS, CO 80521 SN 1058-8108 J9 J NAT TOXINS JI J. Nat. Toxins PD JUN PY 1997 VL 6 IS 2 BP 121 EP 162 PG 42 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Toxicology GA XE934 UT WOS:A1997XE93400001 ER PT J AU Hong, SU Barbari, TA Sloan, JM AF Hong, SU Barbari, TA Sloan, JM TI Diffusion of methyl ethyl ketone in polyisobutylene: Comparison of spectroscopic and gravimetric techniques SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE FTIR-ATR spectroscopy; gravimetric sorption; diffusion; polymer ID FREE-VOLUME THEORY; FTIR-ATR; EVANESCENT FIELD; SOLVENT SYSTEMS; SPIN CAST; POLYMER; MICROSTRUCTURE; DIFFUSIVITIES; COEFFICIENTS; TRANSPORT AB In this study, vapor sorption FTIR-ATR (Fourier Transform Infrared Attenuated Total Reflectance) spectroscopy was combined with a conventional gravimetric sorption balance to examine diffusion in polymers. Mutual diffusion coefficients of methyl ethyl ketone in polyisobutylene were measured using both methods at various penetrant activities and temperatures in the range 40-60 degrees C. Actual penetrant concentrations were determined from the sorption balance. The diffusion coefficients from the two techniques agree very well with each other. In addition, the diffusivity data from both techniques could be correlated successfully as a function of temperature and concentration with the Vrentas and Duda free-volume model. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. USA,RES LAB,POLYMER RES BRANCH,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005. NR 22 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 14 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 35 IS 8 BP 1261 EP 1267 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0488(199706)35:8<1261::AID-POLB12>3.3.CO;2-6 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA WU851 UT WOS:A1997WU85100012 ER PT J AU Hondrum, SO Fernandez, R AF Hondrum, SO Fernandez, R TI Effects of long-term storage on properties of an alginate impression material SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID STATES-ARMY INSTITUTE; SHELF-LIFE SURVEY AB Statement of problem. Storage stability is a critical characteristic for perishable dental materials. Purpose. The purpose of this shelf-life study was to document changes in the properties of an alginate impression material on exposure to Various environmental conditions for more than 78 months. Material and methods. Properties measured included recovery from deformation, strain in compression, compressive strength, tear strength, working time, and creep compliance. Results. Results revealed increases in strength and working time and a decrease in recovery from deformation at 30 to 50 months; strength and recovery then remained constant past 6 years, whereas working time and creep compliance decreased. Only the most stressful environmental conditions (heat and humidity) caused spontaneous failure of the material to set. Conclusions. We concluded that, under most storage conditions, properties of the alginate material tested remain within ADA specification limits well past manufacturer's designated shelf life. ADA specifications should require manufacturers to verify that the shelf life of each perishable material is based on valid data. An accelerated aging test was developed to simulate real-time property changes and to assist in evaluating similar materials. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DENT RES ATTACHMENT,WASHINGTON,DC. RP Hondrum, SO (reprint author), USA,AREA DENT LAB,DENT MAT LAB,BLDG 322,MCDS-RG,FT GORDON,GA 30905, USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 77 IS 6 BP 601 EP 606 DI 10.1016/S0022-3913(97)70102-1 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA XC972 UT WOS:A1997XC97200009 PM 9185053 ER PT J AU Cheok, KC Smid, GE Kobayashi, K Overholt, JL Lescoe, P AF Cheok, KC Smid, GE Kobayashi, K Overholt, JL Lescoe, P TI A fuzzy logic intelligent control system paradigm for an in-line-of-sight leader-following HMMWW SO JOURNAL OF ROBOTIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID VISUAL TRACKING; VISION AB A hierarchical intelligent control system paradigm for a vision-based autonomous driving scheme is presented for a leader-following HMMWV. This article shows how fuzzy logic is employed to represent knowledge at the organization level, how to resolve conflicting perceived information at the coordination level, and how to carry out the best action for the vehicle at the execution level. After introducing the methodology, simulation and experimental aspects for realizing and testing the scheme are discussed. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 USA,TANK AUTOMOT ARMAMENT COMMAND,VEHICLE SIMULAT GRP,WARREN,MI. USA,TANK AUTOMOT ARMAMENT COMMAND,ROBOT OFF,WARREN,MI. RP Cheok, KC (reprint author), OAKLAND UNIV,SCH ENGN & COMP SCI,DEPT ELECT & SYST ENGN,ROCHESTER,MI 48309, USA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0741-2223 J9 J ROBOTIC SYST JI J. Robot. Syst. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 14 IS 6 BP 407 EP 420 PG 14 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA XB368 UT WOS:A1997XB36800003 ER PT J AU Caldwell, JL Caldwell, JA AF Caldwell, JL Caldwell, JA TI Recovery sleep and performance following sleep deprivation with dextroamphetamine SO JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE dextroamphetamine; sleep architecture; sleep deprivation; recovery ID D-AMPHETAMINE; MOOD AB Twelve subjects were studied to determine the after-effects of using three 10-mg doses of dextroamphetamine to sustain alertness during sleep deprivation. Sleep architecture during recovery sleep was evaluated by comparing post-deprivation sleep beginning 15 h after the last dextroamphetamine dose to post-deprivation sleep after placebo. Performance and mood recovery were assessed by comparing volunteers who received dextroamphetamine first (during sleep deprivation) to those who received placebo first. Stages 1 and 2 sleep, movement time, REM latency, and sleep latency increased on the night after sleep deprivation with dextroamphetamine vs, placebo, Stage 4 was unaffected. Comparisons to baseline revealed more stage 1 during baseline than during either post-deprivation sleep period and more stage 2 during baseline than during sleep following placebo. Stage 4 sleep was lower during baseline than it was after either dose, and REM sleep was lower during baseline and after dextroamphetamine than after placebo. Sleep onset was slowest on the baseline night. Next-day performance and mood were not different as a function of whether subjects received dextroamphetamine or placebo during deprivation. These data suggest dextroamphetamine alters post-deprivation sleep architecture when used to sustain alertness during acute sleep loss, but next-day performance and subjective mood ratings are not substantially affected, A recovery sleep period of only 8 h appears to be adequate to regain baseline performance levels after short-term sleep deprivation. RP Caldwell, JL (reprint author), USA,AEROMED RES LAB,POB 620577,FT RUCKER,AL 36362, USA. NR 35 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0NE SN 0962-1105 J9 J SLEEP RES JI J. Sleep Res. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 6 IS 2 BP 92 EP 101 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA XL410 UT WOS:A1997XL41000004 PM 9377539 ER PT J AU Welch, ML Grabski, WJ McCollough, ML Skelton, HG Smith, KJ Menon, PA Anderson, LL AF Welch, ML Grabski, WJ McCollough, ML Skelton, HG Smith, KJ Menon, PA Anderson, LL TI 5-fluorouracil iontophoretic therapy for Bowen's disease SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CARCINOMA; SKIN AB Background: Topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is an accepted therapy for Bowen's disease, Recurrences with this method have been attributed to deep follicular involvement and poor patient compliance because of the prolonged treatment time required. Objective: We sought to determine whether iontophoresis of 5-FU is an effective therapy for Bowen's disease. Methods: Twenty-six patients with biopsy-proven Bowen's disease received eight 5-FU iontophoretic treatments in 4 weeks, Local excision was done 3 months after the last treat ment. The specimens were step-sectioned and evaluated for any histologic evidence of bowenoid changes, Results: Only 1 of 26 patients showed histologic evidence of Bowen's disease 3 months after treatment, Conclusion: 5-FU iontophoresis appears to be a safe, effective, and well-tolerated therapy for Bowen's disease. C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DERMATOL SERV,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,DEPT DERMATOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. BETHESDA NAVAL MED CTR,DEPT DERMATOL,BETHESDA,MD. RP Welch, ML (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DERMATOL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 12 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 36 IS 6 BP 956 EP 958 DI 10.1016/S0190-9622(97)80280-0 PN 1 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA XE539 UT WOS:A1997XE53900013 PM 9204062 ER PT J AU Welch, ML Grabski, WJ AF Welch, ML Grabski, WJ TI Suturing - Reply SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Welch, ML (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DERMATOL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1031 EP 1032 DI 10.1016/S0190-9622(97)80306-4 PN 1 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA XE539 UT WOS:A1997XE53900039 ER PT J AU Euhus, DM Uyehara, C AF Euhus, DM Uyehara, C TI Influence of parenteral progesterones on the prevalence and severity of mastalgia in premenopausal women: A multi-institutional cross-sectional study SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Article ID BLIND CONTROLLED TRIAL; BENIGN BREAST DISEASE; THERAPY; PAIN; MANAGEMENT; MASTODYNIA; CREAM AB BACKGROUND: More than 30 percent of women seen in surgical breast clinics suffer from mastalgia. Although the causes of mastalgia are poorly understood, imbalances in estrogen and progesterone effects in the breast have been implicated. Progesterones have been proposed as a treatment for mastalgia, but the literature supporting their use is conflicting and currently inconclusive. STUDY DESIGN: The prevalence and severity of mastalgia in women receiving parenteral progesterones for contraception was compared to that of a randomly selected, age-matched control group using a validated survey instrument. Surveys were completed by 671 case subjects and 1,433 randomly selected, age-matched control subjects. RESULTS: Nine percent of women using medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera, Upjohn, Kalamazoo, Mich) reported frequent breast pain compared to 21 percent of control subjects (OR 0.220, p<0.001). The prevalence of clinically significant breast pain was 2.3 percent in the progesterone group compared to 4.9 percent in the control group (p<0.02). Focal, noncyclic mastalgia predominated in the progesterone group with continued breast pain (78.8 percent), while diffuse, cyclic breast pain was more common in the control group (67.7 percent, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Medroxyprogesterone acetate effectively suppresses cyclic mastalgia in reproductive-age women and warrants additional study as a primary therapy. C1 TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,HONOLULU,HI 96859. TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,HONOLULU,HI 96859. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL SURGEONS PI CHICAGO PA 54 EAST ERIE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60611 SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 184 IS 6 BP 596 EP 604 PG 9 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA XC356 UT WOS:A1997XC35600006 PM 9179116 ER PT J AU Robert, LL Perich, MJ Schlein, Y Jacobson, RL Wirtz, RA Lawyer, PG Githure, JI AF Robert, LL Perich, MJ Schlein, Y Jacobson, RL Wirtz, RA Lawyer, PG Githure, JI TI Phlebotomine sand fly control using bait-fed adults to carry the larvicide Bacillus sphaericus to the larval habitat SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID PAPATASI DIPTERA; JORDAN VALLEY; PSYCHODIDAE; LEISHMANIASIS; SANDFLIES; HONEYDEW; ARIASI; SUGAR AB Sugar meals of plant origin are an important component of the sand fly diet. We show that sugar solution baits have potential as vehicles for phlebotomine sand fly control. In the Laboratory, adult Phlebotomus duboscqi Neveu-Lemaire and Sergentomyia schwetzi (Adler, Theodor, and Parrot) that have consumed an aqueous sucrose solution containing Bacillus sphaericus Neide toxins and are subsequently eaten by larvae produce significant larval death (P < 0.01). In the field, when vegetation near animal burrows and eroded termite mounds was sprayed with sucrose solution with or without incorporation of the larval toxicant B. sphaericus, 40% of female sand flies fed in situ. Dispersing B. sphaericus-carrier sand flies caused significant larval mortality (P < 0.01) in resting and breeding sites in animal burrows 10-30 m from the sprayed vegetation for 2-12 wk posttreatment. Also, adult sand fly populations breeding and resting inside animal burrows were significantly reduced (P < 0.01) following direct application of the sucrose/B. sphaericus solution to the burrow entrances. This control effect lasted 4-10 wk post-treatment. The effect was not seen for sand fly populations breeding and resting inside eroded termite mounds. This approach may be useful for the application of biological control agents against phlebotomine sand flies in biotypes where larvae and adults use the same habitats. C1 USA,MED RES UNIT,NAIROBI,KENYA. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT ENTOMOL,DIV COMMUNICABLE DIS & IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,HADASSAH MED SCH,DEPT PARASITOL,IL-91010 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. KENYA GOVT MED RES CTR,BIOMED SCI RES CTR,NAIROBI,KENYA. NR 16 TC 14 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSN INC PI LAKE CHARLES PA 707-A EAST PRIEN LAKE ROAD, PO BOX 5416, LAKE CHARLES, LA 70606-5416 SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 13 IS 2 BP 140 EP 144 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA XM716 UT WOS:A1997XM71600004 PM 9249650 ER PT J AU Boyd, SYN Mego, DM Khan, NA Rubal, BJ Gilbert, TM AF Boyd, SYN Mego, DM Khan, NA Rubal, BJ Gilbert, TM TI Doppler echocardiography in cardiac transplant patients: Allograft rejection and its relationship to diastolic function SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th Annual Scientific Session of the American-Society-of-Echocardiography CY JUN 18-20, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Amer Soc Echocardiog ID ENDOMYOCARDIAL BIOPSY; HEART-TRANSPLANTATION; OUTFLOW TRACT AB Right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy has been the traditional gold standard for determining cardiac transplant rejection. Although endomyocardial biopsy has proved useful in guiding rejection therapy, this procedure is not without risk. The objective of the present study was to determine whether a noninvasive method for assessing cardiac diastolic function would be of value in predicting biopsy scores. Doppler echocardiographic indices of left ventricular function were compared with biopsy scores in 43 studies from 23 patients (age 50 +/- 8 years). The average time from transplant to echocardiographic study was 1.5 years. Standard clinical indices of diastolic function failed to predict biopsy results. The A-Ar interval, evaluated in 36 studies, was found to significantly decrease (p < 0.003) with increasing biopsy scores. Preliminary results suggest that this echocardiographic parameter may prove useful in predicting biopsy results. RP Boyd, SYN (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,SERV CARDIOL,MCHE MDC,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 16 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0894-7317 J9 J AM SOC ECHOCARDIOG JI J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 10 IS 5 BP 526 EP 531 DI 10.1016/S0894-7317(97)70006-3 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA XF391 UT WOS:A1997XF39100009 PM 9203492 ER PT J AU Zheng, JP Huang, J Jow, TR AF Zheng, JP Huang, J Jow, TR TI The limitations of energy density for electrochemical capacitors SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID OXIDE AB Electrochemical capacitors can be divided into two types depending on whether the salt concentration in the electrolyte changes during charging and discharging. In the first type of capacitor, such as double-layer capacitors, the salt concentration in the electrolyte reduces during the charging of the capacitor. The maximum energy density of this type of capacitor will depend not only on the specific capacitance and the operating voltage, but also on the salt concentration of the electrolyte. In this paper, a formula describing the dependence of energy density on specific capacitance, operating voltage, and salt concentration is given based on the optimized weight (or volume) ratio of the electrode material and the electrolyte. It shows that for electrochemical capacitors using nonaqueous electrolytes, the maximum energy density of the capacitor will be limited mainly by the low salt concentrations ol the electrolyte. The relationship between the energy density and the mass density of the electrode is also given. The optimum mass density of the electrode can be obtained based on the value of the theoretical energy density for capacitors with different electrolytes. In the second type of capacitor, such as pseudocapacitors with metal oxide electrodes, the salt concentration in the electrolyte remains constant during charging and discharging. The maximum energy density of this type of capacitor will be Limited mainly by specific capacitance and operating voltage. C1 GEN TECH SERV INC,WALL TOWNSHIP,NJ. RP Zheng, JP (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,SENSORS & ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703, USA. NR 23 TC 190 Z9 211 U1 3 U2 52 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 144 IS 6 BP 2026 EP 2031 DI 10.1149/1.1837738 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA XH828 UT WOS:A1997XH82800040 ER PT J AU Shitzer, A Stroschein, LA Sharp, MW Gonzalez, RR Pandolf, KB AF Shitzer, A Stroschein, LA Sharp, MW Gonzalez, RR Pandolf, KB TI Simultaneous measurements of finger-tip temperatures and blood perfusion rates in a cold environment SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cold-induced vasodilatation; finger-tip; model; phase-lag; laser-Doppler AB Simultaneous measurements of middle finger-tip temperatures and blood perfusion rates were made in hands exposed to 0 degrees C air. Temperatures were measured by a thermocouple disk attached to the nail-bed of the finger. Blood perfusion was monitored by a laser-Doppler velocimeter probe attached to the palmar side of the finger-tip. Seven, 60-80 min long experiments were performed on 6 men. The subjects sat in a comfortable (20-22 degrees C) environment while the test hand was inserted, at about heart level, into a small non-contacting environmental chamber. Results indicated a sharp drop in finger-lip temperature of 10.1 +/- 2.0 degrees C during the initial 2 min. The time-lag between the preceding changes in blood perfusion and the ensuing changes in temperatures was in the range of 2-7 (5.86 +/- 1.73) min. Cold induced vasodilatation was typically effected by triangular-like waves indicating 3 to 20-fold gradual opening-closing changes of the arterial supply of the finger-tip. Average finger-tip temperatures (11.8-15.5 degrees C) showed much less variability among the subjects than did average blood perfusion rates (2.8-17.0 mL(b) . mL(t)(-1). hr(-1)). Results of this study were compared to an analytical model quantifying finger-tip temperature and good conformity was obtained. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, ENVIRONM MED RES INST, ENVIRONM PHYSIOL & MED DIRECTORATE, NATICK, MA 01760 USA. RP Shitzer, A (reprint author), TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL, DEPT MECH ENGN, IL-32000 HAIFA, ISRAEL. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 22 IS 3 BP 159 EP 167 DI 10.1016/S0306-4565(97)00004-1 PG 9 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA YF698 UT WOS:A1997YF69800001 ER PT J AU Mozingo, DW McManus, AT Kim, SH Pruitt, BA AF Mozingo, DW McManus, AT Kim, SH Pruitt, BA TI Incidence of bacteremia after burn wound manipulation in the early postburn period SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY SEP 19-21, 1996 CL HOUSTON, TX SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma AB Background: Transient bacteremia associated with burn wound manipulation is considered a frequent occurrence and is commonly cited as an indication for perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in burn patients. Methods: In a prospective clinical setting, blood cultures (BC) were obtained from 19 burn patients at the following intervals: 30 minutes before wound cleansing (WC) or wound excision (WE), 30 minutes after the start of WC or WE, hourly until procedure completion, and 1 hour after completion. Burn wound biopsy for histologic grading and microbial culture was performed after the first BC. Results: Twenty-two WC and 20 WE episodes were evaluated by 67 and 76 BC sets, respectively. Patients had a mean age of 42.8 years and mean burn size of 50% of the body surface area. Three WC episodes (13.6%) and four WE procedures (20.0%) were associated with postprocedure bacteremia. Two patients had both preprocedure and postprocedure bacteremia later attributed to nonburn wound infections, Excluding these cases, the bacteremia rate was 12.5% (9.5% from WC and 15% from WE). Wound biopsy culture and histologic analysis did not predict the occurrence of bacteremia. Conclusion: Current therapy is associated with a lesser incidence of burn wound manipulation-induced bacteremia than reported in prior series, The discordance between wound biopsy and BC results, the absence of positive histology, and the similarity of bacteremia occurrence rates with WC and WE confirm the effectiveness of current techniques of microbial control in burn wounds and question the need for perioperative antibiotic therapy in patients with burns involving less than 40% of the total body surface during the first 10 postburn days. C1 UNIV FLORIDA,COLL MED,DEPT SURG,GAINESVILLE,FL. RP Mozingo, DW (reprint author), USA,INST SURG RES,FT SAM HOUSTON,LIB BRANCH,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78234, USA. NR 12 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUN PY 1997 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1006 EP 1010 DI 10.1097/00005373-199706000-00003 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA XH700 UT WOS:A1997XH70000005 PM 9210532 ER PT J AU Lisagor, P Cohen, D McDonnell, B Lawlor, D Moore, C AF Lisagor, P Cohen, D McDonnell, B Lawlor, D Moore, C TI Irreversible shock revisited: Mechanical support of the cardiovascular system: A case report and review SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Review ID EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE-OXYGENATION; CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS; RESPIRATORY-FAILURE; LIFE-SUPPORT; TRAUMA; VENTILATION; INJURY; TRIAL; RESUSCITATION; PRESSURE C1 SAN ANTONIO REG HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX. USA,INST SURG RES,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. RP Lisagor, P (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT THORAC SURG,DIV CARDIOTHORAC SURG,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUN PY 1997 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1182 EP 1186 DI 10.1097/00005373-199706000-00037 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA XH700 UT WOS:A1997XH70000047 PM 9210566 ER PT J AU VanCott, TC Mascola, JR Kaminski, RW Kalyanaraman, V Hallberg, PL Burnett, PR Ulrich, JT Rechtman, DJ Birx, DL AF VanCott, TC Mascola, JR Kaminski, RW Kalyanaraman, V Hallberg, PL Burnett, PR Ulrich, JT Rechtman, DJ Birx, DL TI Antibodies with specificity to native gp120 and neutralization activity against primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates elicited by immunization with oligomeric gp160 SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID BIOSPECIFIC INTERACTION ANALYSIS; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN GP120; RECOMBINANT VACCINIA VIRUS; EXPRESSING HIV ENVELOPE; T-CELL LINE; SOLUBLE CD4; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SERONEGATIVE VOLUNTEERS; CANDIDATE VACCINE; EPITOPE EXPOSURE AB Current human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-I) envelope vaccine candidates elicit high antibody binding titers with neutralizing activity against T-cell line-adapted but not primary HIV-1 isolates. Serum antibodies from these human vaccine recipients were also found to be preferentially directed to linear epitopes within gp120 that are poorly exposed on native gp120. Systemic immunization of rabbits with an affinity-purified oligomeric gp160 protein formulated with either Alhydrogel or monophosphoryl lipid A-containing adjuvants resulted in the induction of high-titered serum antibodies that preferentially bound epitopes exposed on native forms of gp120 and gp160, recognized a restricted number of linear epitopes, efficiently bound heterologous strains of monomeric gp120 and cell surface-expressed oligomeric gp120/gp41, and neutralized several strains of T-cell line-adapted HIV-1. Additionally, those immune sera with the highest oligomeric gp160 antibody binding titers had neutralizing activity against some primary HIV-1 isolates, using phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell targets. Induction of an antibody response preferentially reactive with natively folded gp120/gp160 was dependent on the tertiary structure of the HIV-1 envelope immunogen as well as its adjuvant formulation, route of administration, and number of immunizations administered. These studies demonstrate the capacity of a soluble HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein vaccine to elicit an antibody response capable of neutralizing primary HIV-1 isolates. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV RETROVIROL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. ADV BIOSCI LABS,KENSINGTON,MD 20895. RIBI IMMUNOCHEM RES INC,HAMILTON,MT 59840. USN,MED RES INST,DEPT INFECT DIS,BETHESDA,MD 20889. RP VanCott, TC (reprint author), HENRY M JACKSON FDN,13 TAFT CT,SUITE 200,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 67 TC 102 Z9 105 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 71 IS 6 BP 4319 EP 4330 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA WZ571 UT WOS:A1997WZ57100017 PM 9151820 ER PT J AU Sinha, CK Hamaker, R Hamaker, RC Freeman, SB Borrowdale, RW Huntley, TC AF Sinha, CK Hamaker, R Hamaker, RC Freeman, SB Borrowdale, RW Huntley, TC TI Utility of preoperative radionuclide scanning for primary hyperparathyroidism SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Middle-Section of the American-Laryngological-Rhinological-and-Otological-Society CY JAN 20-21, 1996 CL DEARBORN, MI SP Amer Laryngol Rhinol & Otol Soc Inc ID TECHNETIUM 99M SESTAMIBI; TC-99M SESTAMIBI; PARATHYROID LOCALIZATION; EXPLORATION; TECHNETIUM-99M-SESTAMIBI; FAILURE; ADENOMA; TISSUE AB This study retrospectively reviews 60 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism, 21 of whom underwent technetium 99 sestamibi scanning and 10 of whom underwent thallium 201/technetium 99 pertechnetate scanning preoperatively. The sestamibi and thallium scans demonstrated an 89.5% and a 62.5% sensitivity rate for adenoma, respectively. Neither scan demonstrated hyperplastic glands well. Although the scans localized adenomatous glands to the correct side well, the ability to localize them more discretely was 68.4% and 62.5%, respectively. In cases of solitary adenoma the effect of an accurate preoperative scan on operative time for bilateral exploration was not significant, whereas the experience of the attending surgeon was significant. Also, the cost of the scans at our institution was greater than the cost of the time saved in performing even unilateral neck exploration. Thus preoperative radionuclide scanning is not cost-effective for the initial exploration of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and is insufficiently sensitive to make routine unilateral neck exploration for adenoma consistently effective. C1 PEDIAT EAR NOSE & THROAT ASSOCIATES,INDIANAPOLIS,IN. HEAD & NECK SURG ASSOCIATES,INDIANAPOLIS,IN. RP Sinha, CK (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD JUN PY 1997 VL 107 IS 6 BP 753 EP 758 DI 10.1097/00005537-199706000-00009 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA XC737 UT WOS:A1997XC73700009 PM 9185731 ER PT J AU Wasserman, GM Martin, BL Hyams, KC Merrill, BR Oaks, HG McAdoo, HA AF Wasserman, GM Martin, BL Hyams, KC Merrill, BR Oaks, HG McAdoo, HA TI A survey of outpatient visits in a United States Army forward unit during Operation Desert Shield SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PERSIAN-GULF; STORM; DISEASE; EXPERIENCE; CASUALTIES; DIARRHEAL; SUPPORT; BRIGADE; INJURY; HEALTH AB Reports suggest that deployed soldiers during Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm remained healthy, but primary care data are limited. We reviewed the outpatient visit surveillance data from the 3d Armored Cavalry Regiment to obtain information regarding soldiers' health in the field. Nontraumatic orthopedic problems accounted for the highest incidence of primary health care visits, followed by unintended injuries, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and dermatologic conditions, Visits for heat injuries, sexually transmitted diseases, unexplained fever, and psychiatric problems were low, probably due to preventive measures. These results suggest that increased prevention to decrease orthopedic problems and unintended injuries may substantially reduce outpatient visits during future deployments. Medical surveillance during future deployments can be improved by taking advantage of current advances in technology to facilitate patient data retrieval and provide timely information to first- and second-echelon medical personnel. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV PREVENT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 39 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 162 IS 6 BP 374 EP 379 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XD115 UT WOS:A1997XD11500006 PM 9183156 ER PT J AU Drabick, JJ Gambel, JM Mackey, JF AF Drabick, JJ Gambel, JM Mackey, JF TI Prostatodynia in United Nations peacekeeping forces in Haiti SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NONBACTERIAL PROSTATITIS; BACTERIAL; PAIN AB Prostatodynia is a clinical entity associated with voiding symptoms and pelvic pain suggestive of prostatitis but with a normal prostate examination and without evidence of inflammation or infection in expressed prostatic secretions. The problem tends to be chronic and is vexing in its management. Although thought to be a common condition, prevalence data are generally lacking. From June to October 1995, the U.S. Army's 86th Combat Support Hospital provided medical support to a multinational United Nations peacekeeping force in Haiti. Patients diagnosed with prostatodynia were more common (13 cases) than men with other urologic problems (urolithiasis, 6 cases; urinary tract infection, 6 cases; scrotal abscess/mass, 2 cases; epididymitis, 1 case), Patients tended to be young (mean age 29.8), had multiple visits, failed to respond to multiple courses of antibiotics for presumed ''prostatitis,'' and denied recent sexual relations, Some patients reported having had similar symptoms on prolonged separation from their spouses in the past that resolved with resumption of normal intercourse, Masturbation, however, had no impact on symptoms and was painful in some individuals, Terazosin, an alpha-antagonist, and stress-reduction therapy led to improvement in some patients' symptoms. A discussion of these retrospective findings in light of what is known about the possible etiologies and treatment of prostatodynia is presented. Prostatodynia appears to be a common problem in deployed troops and can lead to frequent use of medical services. Physicians supporting long deployments need to be aware of this entity. RP Drabick, JJ (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BACTERIAL DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 162 IS 6 BP 380 EP 383 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XD115 UT WOS:A1997XD11500007 PM 9183157 ER PT J AU Zeff, KN Lewis, SJ Hirsch, KA AF Zeff, KN Lewis, SJ Hirsch, KA TI Military family adaptation to United Nations operations in Somalia SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of US Army Medical Behavior Science Short Course CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL MIAMI, FL SP USA ID LIFE EVENTS; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY; CHILDREN AB In this first known investigation of family responses to the absence of the active duty sponsor deployed to Somalia, 16 adults and 12 children repeatedly completed self-report measures of psychopathology and parenting attitudes, Stay-home parents registered more distress than their deployed spouses, Levels of parental intimacy varied significantly over time, reaching its lowest point near the end of the mission, Future humanitarian mission deployment support programs may need to more effectively address issues of parenting and spousal stress if future research confirms our findings. RP Zeff, KN (reprint author), USA,MARTIN ARMY COMMUNITY HOSP,DEPT PSYCHIAT,FT BENNING,GA 31905, USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 162 IS 6 BP 384 EP 387 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XD115 UT WOS:A1997XD11500008 PM 9183158 ER PT J AU Grasser, JA Childers, E AF Grasser, JA Childers, E TI Prevalence of smokeless tobacco use and clinical oral leukoplakia in a military population SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BASEBALL PLAYERS; UNITED-STATES; PERFORMANCE; CESSATION; PERSONNEL; SMOKING; CANCER AB The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of smokeless tobacco use and clinical leukoplakia in a specific military population. Two hundred fourteen soldiers participated in this study. Each participant completed a questionnaire-type survey regarding tobacco use and received an annual-type dental examination that included extra-oral and intra-oral examination of hard and soft tissues and counseling regarding the risks associated with the use of tobacco. More than 50% of the participants were between the ages of 18 and 24. Survey response indicated that 7.0% used smokeless tobacco, 29.0% smoked cigarettes, and 7.9% used both cigarettes and smokeless tobacco. Leukoplakia was seen in 4 of the current smokeless tobacco users, Difficulty in cessation was experienced by 10 of 32 smokeless tobacco users; 5 continue to use smokeless tobacco. Due to the concentration of users in the 18 to 24 age group, efforts toward detection and reduction of smokeless tobacco use should be focused on junior ranks and younger age groups. RP Grasser, JA (reprint author), USA,DENT ACTIV,ADV EDUC GEN DENT RESIDENCY,FT BRAGG,NC 28307, USA. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 162 IS 6 BP 401 EP 404 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XD115 UT WOS:A1997XD11500011 PM 9183161 ER PT J AU Pylman, ML Teiken, PJ AF Pylman, ML Teiken, PJ TI Sevoflurane concentration available from the universal drawover vaporizer SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Field anesthesia can have special considerations because of the possibly primitive conditions. The drawover vaporizer has enjoyed increased interest because of the ability to deliver an anesthetic without electricity or compressed gases. Sevoflurane is a potentially attractive field agent because of its relative insolubility in blood, giving more rapid control over anesthetic depth. We investigated the output of sevoflurane from the drawover vaporizer to determine if the concentration is in the necessary range for clinical use. We found that the output of the Ohmeda PAC drawover vaporizer delivered between 0.1 and 3.6% (v/v) sevoflurane. Therefore, the drawover vaporizer should be able to deliver a sufficient concentration of sevoflurane for anesthetic maintenance; however, this concentration appears inadequate for routine inhalation induction. RP Pylman, ML (reprint author), USA,BLANCHFIELD ARMY COMMUNITY HOSP,650 JOEL DR,FT CAMPBELL,KY 42223, USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 162 IS 6 BP 405 EP 406 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XD115 UT WOS:A1997XD11500012 PM 9183162 ER PT J AU Coy, J Chatfield, G AF Coy, J Chatfield, G TI Unsuspected abdominal aortic aneurysm SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article RP Coy, J (reprint author), USA,HARRY S TRUMAN MEM VET HOSP,800 HOSP DR,COLUMBIA,MO 65201, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 162 IS 6 BP 441 EP 443 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XD115 UT WOS:A1997XD11500019 PM 9183169 ER PT J AU Yakes, WF Krauth, L Ecklund, J Swengle, R Dreisbach, JN Seibert, CE Baker, R Miller, M Vanderark, G Fullagar, T Prenger, E AF Yakes, WF Krauth, L Ecklund, J Swengle, R Dreisbach, JN Seibert, CE Baker, R Miller, M Vanderark, G Fullagar, T Prenger, E TI Ethanol endovascular management of brain arteriovenous malformations: Initial results SO NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Article DE arteriovenous malformations; ethanol embolization; interventional neuroradiology; radiosurgery; surgical resection; therapeutic ethanol blockade ID VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS; FOLLOW-UP; PREOPERATIVE EMBOLIZATION; VENOUS MALFORMATIONS; POLYVINYL-ALCOHOL; ABSOLUTE ETHANOL; GRADING SYSTEM; EMBOLOTHERAPY; AVMS; EXPERIENCE AB OBJECTIVE: The goal was to determine the safety and efficacy of absolute ethyl alcohol treatment in the management of intra-axial brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). METHODS: Seventeen patients (eight female and nine male patients; mean age, 41 yr) underwent ethanol endovascular therapy for treatment of their brain AVMs. Superselective amytal testing preceded all procedures. Neuroleptic intravenous anesthesia was used for 16 patients, and general anesthesia was used for 1 patient. Follow-up monitoring consisted of clinical evaluations, magnetic resonance imaging, and arteriography. RESULTS: In follow-up evaluations (mean follow-up period, 13 mo) after embolization of brain AVMs, neither vascular recanalization nor the neovascular recruitment phenomenon was observed in any patient. Progressive AVM thrombosis at arteriographic follow-up evaluation was a constant feature. Seven patients were cured of their AVMs with ethanol endovascular therapy alone. Three patients were cured of their lesions with ethanol embolization plus surgical resection. One patient was cured of his lesion with ethanol embolization and radiation therapy of the residual nidus. Three patients underwent only partial therapy, with significant improvement in symptoms. Three patients are currently undergoing ethanol endovascular therapy. Complications occurred with 8 of 17 patients, most of which were transient. Two patients died because of late subarachnoid hemorrhages, one patient 4 months and one patient 14 months after partial therapy. CONCLUSION: Progressive and permanent AVM occlusion is a common finding in arteriographic follow-up evaluations. In no patients did arterial recanalization or the neovascular recruitment phenomenon occur. Our initial results indicate that ethanol has a permanence that is seldom encountered with other embolic agents. With aggressive decadron therapy, the complications related to swelling in the brain are largely reversible. C1 COLORADO NEUROL INST,ROCKY MT NEUROSURG ALLIANCE,ENGLEWOOD,CO. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT NEUROSURG,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. FITZSIMONS ARMY MED CTR,DEPT NEUROSURG,AURORA,CO 80045. S DENVER ANESTHERSIOL,DENVER,CO. RP Yakes, WF (reprint author), RADIOL IMAGING ASSOCIATES PC,SWEDISH MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,501 E HAMPDEN AVE,ENGLEWOOD,CO 80110, USA. NR 47 TC 60 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0148-396X J9 NEUROSURGERY JI Neurosurgery PD JUN PY 1997 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1145 EP 1152 DI 10.1097/00006123-199706000-00005 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA XC450 UT WOS:A1997XC45000012 PM 28180363 ER PT J AU Gordon, M Goodwin, CW AF Gordon, M Goodwin, CW TI Initial assessment, management, and stabilization SO NURSING CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article AB Burn statistics today reflect a downward trend in occurrence, and many burn injuries are preventable. The outcomes of the injury are greatly influenced by the care received at the scene of the accident and in the emergency department. Initial burn wound assessment and fluid resuscitation, as well as management of associated injuries, pain, and anxiety are critical elements of care and require monitoring by experienced burn team staff members. RP Gordon, M (reprint author), USA,INST SURG RES,3400 RAWLEY E CHAMBERS AVE,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0029-6465 J9 NURS CLIN N AM JI Nurs. Clin. North Am. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 32 IS 2 BP 237 EP & PG 14 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA XA072 UT WOS:A1997XA07200003 PM 9106420 ER PT J AU Jordan, BS Harrington, DT AF Jordan, BS Harrington, DT TI Management of the burn wound SO NURSING CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; HUMAN GROWTH-HORMONE; THERMAL-INJURY; EARLY EXCISION; HYPOTHERMIA; SKIN; TEMPERATURE; MORTALITY; PATIENT; INTERLEUKIN-6 AB Few features of the burn victim attract more attention than the damage or destruction of the skin from thermal injury. Management of the resultant burn wound is the systematic application of knowledge and technique to promote and facilitate closure of integumentary disruption. The role of the professional nurse in the management of burn wounds, often within the milieu of critical care, can be uniquely challenging and especially rewarding. This article reviews management of the burn wound with emphasis on methods, techniques, and procedures used in contemporary burn wound treatment. The article also includes nursing care plans of selected nursing diagnoses for organizing and facilitating the nursing care process. RP Jordan, BS (reprint author), USA,INST SURG RES,3400 RAWLEY E CHAMBERS AVE,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 69 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0029-6465 J9 NURS CLIN N AM JI Nurs. Clin. North Am. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 32 IS 2 BP 251 EP & PG 24 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA XA072 UT WOS:A1997XA07200004 PM 9115476 ER PT J AU Winfree, J Barillo, DJ AF Winfree, J Barillo, DJ TI Nonthermal injuries SO NURSING CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS; HYDROFLUORIC-ACID BURNS; ELECTRICAL INJURIES; CHEMICAL BURNS; 10-YEAR EXPERIENCE; MANAGEMENT; SURVIVAL; DAMAGE; UNIT; CARE AB The return to optimal function for patients who sustain chemical and electrical injuries depends on immediate emergency treatment and burn center referral for definitive fare. Patients with exfoliating diseases also require fare provided by a burn center. Critical care nurses, along with other members of a multidisciplinary health care team, must be dedicated to the principles of infection control, pain management, and psychosocial care to ensure positive outcomes and the return of these citizens to society. C1 USA,INST SURG RES,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT SURG,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0029-6465 J9 NURS CLIN N AM JI Nurs. Clin. North Am. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 32 IS 2 BP 275 EP & PG 23 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA XA072 UT WOS:A1997XA07200005 PM 9115477 ER PT J AU Greenfield, E McManus, AT AF Greenfield, E McManus, AT TI Infectious complications - Prevention and strategies for their control SO NURSING CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-INJURY; BURN PATIENTS; PATHOGENESIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MORTALITY AB Despite major advances in burn wound management and other supportive care regimens, infection remains the leading cause of morbidity In the thermally injured patient. Changes in nursing practices and patient isolation have played a significant role in reducing the incidence of burn wounds and other infections, particularly those that result from cross-contamination in the hospitalized burn patient. This article focuses on the sources of the most common infections seen in burn centers today and on the infection control strategies developed for their prevention and treatment. RP Greenfield, E (reprint author), USA,INST SURG RES,3400 RAWLEY E CHAMBERS AVE,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 24 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0029-6465 J9 NURS CLIN N AM JI Nurs. Clin. North Am. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 32 IS 2 BP 297 EP & PG 14 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA XA072 UT WOS:A1997XA07200006 PM 9115478 ER PT J AU Davis, ST SheelyAdolphson, P AF Davis, ST SheelyAdolphson, P TI Psychosocial interventions - Pharmacologic and psychologic modalities SO NURSING CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA; BURN PATIENTS; PAIN; ADJUSTMENT; MEPERIDINE; INJURY AB The devastating nature of a thermal Injury drastically alters both the physical and psychologic elements of the survivor. Understanding the physiologic and psychologic processes of burn patients in all phases of recovery enables the caregiver to provide optimal holistic treatment to the patient. The pain of bums can be best treated with analgesic medication in conjunction with therapeutic psychologic interventions. Care of thermally injured patients requires dedicated and well-trained staff members who can effectively assist the patient in coping with the situation and working toward recovery. C1 USA,INST SURG RES,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0029-6465 J9 NURS CLIN N AM JI Nurs. Clin. North Am. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 32 IS 2 BP 331 EP & PG 14 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA XA072 UT WOS:A1997XA07200008 PM 9115480 ER PT J AU Goodwin, CW AF Goodwin, CW TI Burn management - Foreword SO NURSING CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Editorial Material RP Goodwin, CW (reprint author), USA,INST SURG RES,3400 RAWLEY E CHAMBERS AVE,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0029-6465 J9 NURS CLIN N AM JI Nurs. Clin. North Am. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 32 IS 2 BP R11 EP R11 PG 1 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA XA072 UT WOS:A1997XA07200001 ER PT J AU Greenfield, E AF Greenfield, E TI Burn management - Preface SO NURSING CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Editorial Material RP Greenfield, E (reprint author), USA,INST SURG RES,NURSE CORPS,3400 RAWLEY E CHAMBERS AVE,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0029-6465 J9 NURS CLIN N AM JI Nurs. Clin. North Am. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 32 IS 2 BP R13 EP R14 PG 2 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA XA072 UT WOS:A1997XA07200002 ER PT J AU Cockerham, KP Pal, C Jani, B Wolter, A Kennerdell, JS AF Cockerham, KP Pal, C Jani, B Wolter, A Kennerdell, JS TI The prevalence and implications of ocular hypertension and glaucoma in thyroid-associated orbitopathy SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 14-19, 1995 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FL SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol ID INTRAOCULAR-PRESSURE CHANGES; GRAVES-DISEASE; OPHTHALMOPATHY; HYPOTHYROIDISM; DIAGNOSIS; UPGAZE AB Purpose: The authors determined the prevalence of ocular hypertension and its association with progression to glaucomatous damage in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO). Methods: The charts of 500 consecutive patients with TAO seen at the Allegheny General Hospital (Pittsburgh, PA) between 1985 and 1995 were analyzed, The amount of proptosis, degree and duration of myopathy, exposure to corticosteroids, prior glaucoma treatment, and family history of glaucoma were evaluated. Results: One hundred twenty (24%) patients with TAO were noted to have an intraocular pressure (IOP) greater than 22 mmHg but less than 30 mmHg. This ocular hypertensive group was composed of 34 men and 86 women with a mean age of 55 years and mean follow-up of 4 years. Seven patients were defined as glaucoma suspects, based on increased but nonprogressive cup-to-disc ratios or nonprogressive, atypical visual field changes in the presence of increased IOP. Two patients demonstrated progressive visual field abnormalities and cupping, Of the factors evaluated, only the duration of active orbital involvement was statistically associated with progression to glaucomatous damage. The mean duration of TAO was 3, 8, and 12 years for ocular hypertensives, glaucoma suspects, and glaucomatous damage, respectively, Conclusions: Only a prolonged duration of active TAO in association with ocular hypertension correlated with progression to glaucomatous damage, These patients with chronic TAO deserve special attention and close follow-up to prevent optic nerve damage. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,OPHTHALMOL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. ALLEGHENY GEN HOSP,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,PITTSBURGH,PA 15212. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. NR 23 TC 35 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD JUN PY 1997 VL 104 IS 6 BP 914 EP 917 PG 4 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA XD424 UT WOS:A1997XD42400018 PM 9186429 ER PT J AU Bollt, EM Dolnik, M AF Bollt, EM Dolnik, M TI Encoding information in chemical chaos by controlling symbolic dynamics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID BELOUSOV-ZHABOTINSKY REACTION; MAP AB In this paper we describe a technique of encoding and then decoding symbol sequences containing information into chaotic oscillations of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. The encoding technique is based on controlling the chaotic oscillations by applying small parameter perturbations and on learning the grammar of corresponding symbol dynamics produced by the free-running chaotic system. The use of small parameter perturbations requires that we respect the grammar of the symbol dynamics which represents the physical dynamical system. We present a method for learning the grammar of a symbol dynamics in terms of allowed transitions between the bins defined by the symbol generating partition. The encoding technique can be easily utilized for targeting and stabilization of any unstable periodic orbit. C1 BRANDEIS UNIV,DEPT CHEM,WALTHAM,MA 02254. BRANDEIS UNIV,CTR COMPLEX SYST,WALTHAM,MA 02254. RP Bollt, EM (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,DEPT MATH SCI,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 15 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUN PY 1997 VL 55 IS 6 BP 6404 EP 6413 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.55.6404 PN A PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA XG965 UT WOS:A1997XG96500020 ER PT J AU Jimenez, CE Hwang, I AF Jimenez, CE Hwang, I TI Imaging quiz - Fever of undetermined origin in a soldier SO PHYSICIAN AND SPORTSMEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MANAGED CARE; PERFORMANCE; GROWTH RP Jimenez, CE (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,NUCL MED SERV,6825 16TH ST NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU MCGRAW HILL HEALTHCARE PUBLICATIONS PI MINNEAPOLIS PA 4530 WEST 77TH ST, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55435-5000 SN 0091-3847 J9 PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED JI Physician Sportsmed. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 25 IS 6 BP 93 EP & PG 4 WC Primary Health Care; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA XD030 UT WOS:A1997XD03000017 ER PT J AU Glushko, GM AF Glushko, GM TI Human ehrlichiosis SO POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIOSIS; UNITED-STATES AB Unheard of a decade ago, human ehrlichiosis has now been reported in many parts of the United States. The key to successful management is a high index of suspicion and early treatment with doxycycline. Until techniques for early diagnosis are improved, clinicians must rely on careful history taking and awareness of signs and symptoms if serious illness and deaths are to be avoided. Evidence of leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and mildly elevated liver enzyme levels in a patient with fever and a history of tick bites is sufficient reason for starting empirical drug therapy. RP Glushko, GM (reprint author), USA,DEPT INTERNAL MED,AEROMED CTR,FT RUCKER,AL 36362, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCGRAW HILL HEALTHCARE PUBLICATIONS PI MINNEAPOLIS PA 4530 WEST 77TH ST, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55435-5000 SN 0032-5481 J9 POSTGRAD MED JI Postgrad. Med. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 101 IS 6 BP 225 EP 230 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XE563 UT WOS:A1997XE56300015 PM 9194875 ER PT J AU Majumdar, APN Jaszewski, R Dubick, MA AF Majumdar, APN Jaszewski, R Dubick, MA TI Effect of aging on the gastrointestinal tract and the pancreas SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID GASTRIC-ACID SECRETION; TYROSINE KINASE-ACTIVITY; RAT SMALL-INTESTINE; MUCOSAL ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION; AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; FISCHER 344 RATS; SERUM GASTRIN; DIVERTICULAR-DISEASE; BIOCHEMICAL-CHANGES AB With estimates that about 14% of the U.S. population will be over 65 years old by the end of this century, scientific research has attempted to achieve a better understanding of the aging process and of diseases that are expressed in higher incidence with advancing age. Because of its high rate of cell turnover and continual renewal, the mucosa of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract appears particularly susceptible to age-related disruptions in the normal cell proliferative process. This may translate into altered function that may result in the induction of malnutrition or malabsorption of particular nutrients, or a greater incidence of GI diseases, such as neoplasia. This review will examine the evidence for age-related alterations in the structural and functional properties of different regions of the GI tract and the pancreas, and how they may relate to malnutrition or disease processes. C1 WAYNE STATE UNIV, SCH MED, DETROIT, MI 48201 USA. USA, INST SURG RES, FT SAM HOUSTON, TX 78234 USA. UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT PHYSIOL, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. RP VET ADM MED CTR, RES SERV 151, DIV GASTROENTEROL, DETROIT, MI 48201 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 08438] NR 135 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0037-9727 J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 215 IS 2 BP 134 EP 144 PG 11 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA WY856 UT WOS:A1997WY85600002 PM 9160041 ER PT J AU Lillycrop, WJ Irish, JL Parson, LE AF Lillycrop, WJ Irish, JL Parson, LE TI SHOALS system SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article RP Lillycrop, WJ (reprint author), USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,AIRBORNE LIDAR BATHYMETRY TECH CTR EXPERTISE,MOBILE,AL, USA. OI Irish, Jennifer/0000-0002-2429-5953 NR 0 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 38 IS 6 BP 17 EP & PG 7 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA XG284 UT WOS:A1997XG28400003 ER PT J AU Mansour, L AF Mansour, L TI An unnecessary man: Life of Apollon Grigorev - Dowler,W SO SLAVIC AND EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Mansour, L (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSN TEACHERS SLAVIC EAST EUROPEAN LANGUAGES PI TUCSON PA UNIV ARIZONA MODERN LANGUAGES BUILDING, TUCSON, AZ 85287 SN 0037-6752 J9 SLAVIC E EUR J JI Slavic East Eur. J. PD SUM PY 1997 VL 41 IS 2 BP 354 EP 355 DI 10.2307/309749 PG 2 WC Literature, Slavic SC Literature GA XH329 UT WOS:A1997XH32900026 ER PT J AU Straub, FK Merkley, DJ AF Straub, FK Merkley, DJ TI Design of a smart material actuator for rotor control SO SMART MATERIALS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd US Army Research Office Sponsored Workshop on Smart Structures CY 1995 CL UNIV MARYLAND, COLLEGE PK, MD SP USA Res Off HO UNIV MARYLAND AB The results of a study to conceptually define an on-blade smart material actuator for primary and active control on a servoflap rotor are presented. Actuator design drivers, goals, and requirements are defined. For a previously developed hybrid actuator concept, the design of the cyclic and active (high speed) control actuator and feasibility of the collective (low speed) actuator and stroke multiplier are investigated. Sizing of actuator components based on AH-64 servoflap requirements shows that collective control using shape memory alloys is well within the capability of the material. Cyclic and active control using magnetostrictive material, leads to a reduced maneuver envelope due to weight and volume constraints. The promise of smart materials can be realized incrementally as the materials and actuator design approaches mature. Future improvements in smart material performance and actuator technology, and additional rotor system design changes to reduce load and motion requirements should provide the full AH-64 maneuver envelope. C1 MCDONNELL DOUGLAS HELICOPTER SYST,MESA,AZ. USA,AATD,FT EUSTIS,VA. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE SN 0964-1726 J9 SMART MATER STRUCT JI Smart Mater. Struct. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 6 IS 3 BP 223 EP 234 DI 10.1088/0964-1726/6/3/002 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science GA XJ318 UT WOS:A1997XJ31800002 ER PT J AU Anderson, O Wereley, NM AF Anderson, O Wereley, NM TI Second US Army Research Office Workshop on Smart Structures - Preface SO SMART MATERIALS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA,RES OFF,ENGN SCI DIV,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE SN 0964-1726 J9 SMART MATER STRUCT JI Smart Mater. Struct. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 6 IS 3 BP U3 EP U3 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science GA XJ318 UT WOS:A1997XJ31800001 ER PT J AU Christie, RJ Carrington, L Alving, B AF Christie, RJ Carrington, L Alving, B TI Postoperative bleeding induced by topical bovine thrombin: Report of two cases SO SURGERY LA English DT Article ID FACTOR-V; ANTIBODIES C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT HEMATOL & VASC BIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Christie, RJ (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DIV HEMATOL ONCOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 6 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0039-6060 J9 SURGERY JI Surgery PD JUN PY 1997 VL 121 IS 6 BP 708 EP 710 DI 10.1016/S0039-6060(97)90061-1 PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA XD050 UT WOS:A1997XD05000016 PM 9186473 ER PT J AU Cornum, R Gresham, V Bell, J Tuthill, D Drohan, W MacPhee, M AF Cornum, R Gresham, V Bell, J Tuthill, D Drohan, W MacPhee, M TI Evaluation of an absorbable fibrin adhesive bandage in canine radical prostatectomies SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AMER RED CROSS,HOLLAND LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 45, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD JUN PY 1997 SU S BP OC794 EP OC794 PG 2 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA XE898 UT WOS:A1997XE89800793 ER PT J AU Hess, J Holcomb, J MacPhee, M AF Hess, J Holcomb, J MacPhee, M TI Hemorrhage control with a dry powdered thrombin and fibrinogen bandage SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC. WILLIAM BEAUMONT ARMY MED CTR,EL PASO,TX 79920. AMER RED CROSS,HOLLAND LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 45, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD JUN PY 1997 SU S BP OC793 EP OC793 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA XE898 UT WOS:A1997XE89800792 ER PT J AU Holcomb, J MacPhee, M Pusateri, A Harris, R Hess, J AF Holcomb, J MacPhee, M Pusateri, A Harris, R Hess, J TI Hemorrhage control from severe liver injuries with dry fibrin sealant dressings SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WILLIAM BEAUMONT ARMY MED CTR,EL PASO,TX 79920. AMER RED CROSS,HOLLAND LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 45, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD JUN PY 1997 SU S BP P1035 EP P1035 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA XE898 UT WOS:A1997XE89801033 ER PT J AU Krishnamurti, C Cutting, MA Reid, TJ Alving, BM AF Krishnamurti, C Cutting, MA Reid, TJ Alving, BM TI The quantitative thrombin time: A simple, rapid assay for measurement of plasma argatroban levels SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 45, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD JUN PY 1997 SU S BP PS371 EP PS371 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA XE898 UT WOS:A1997XE89800370 ER PT J AU Pusateri, A Holcomb, J Harris, R Gomez, R Hetz, S MacPhee, M Enriquez, J Hess, J AF Pusateri, A Holcomb, J Harris, R Gomez, R Hetz, S MacPhee, M Enriquez, J Hess, J TI Hemodynamic effect of intravenous bovine or human thrombin in swine SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WILLIAM BEAUMONT ARMY MED CTR,EL PASO,TX 79920. AMER RED CROSS,ROCKVILLE,MD. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 45, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD JUN PY 1997 SU S BP P1026 EP P1026 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA XE898 UT WOS:A1997XE89801024 ER PT J AU Ringel, MD Taylor, T Barsouk, A Wall, JR Freter, CE Howard, RS Diehl, L Burman, KD AF Ringel, MD Taylor, T Barsouk, A Wall, JR Freter, CE Howard, RS Diehl, L Burman, KD TI Hodgkin's disease treated with neck radiation is associated with increased antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against human extraocular muscle cells SO THYROID LA English DT Article ID THYROID-ASSOCIATED OPHTHALMOPATHY; GRAVES-DISEASE; MANTLE IRRADIATION; LYMPHOMA; HYPERTHYROIDISM; ABNORMALITIES; RADIOTHERAPY; DYSFUNCTION; SERUM; CHILDREN AB Patients with Hodgkin's disease have higher a prevalence of thyroid function abnormalities and, perhaps, orbitopathy than the general population, but the pathophysiology of this association and its relationship to Hodgkin's disease treatment remain unclear. We analyzed the frequency of thyroid function abnormalities, autoantibodies against thyroid antigens, and autoimmunity against extraocular muscle cell antigens by Western blot analyses and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) assays in patients with Hodgkin's disease (n=20) and controls (n=10). Hodgkin's disease patients were subdivided into those treated with thyroidal external beam radiation therapy (XRT, n=15) or chemotherapy (MOPP/ABVD, n=5). The ADCC assay against extraocular muscle cells was increased in patients with Hodgkin's disease (5.5% vs. <1.0%, p=.026) when compared with controls. In addition, Hodgkin's disease patients treated with XRT (with or without chemotherapy) had significantly higher ADCC tests than controls (9.7% vs. <1.0%, p=.010), In contrast, ADCC assays were not different between Hodgkin's disease patients treated with chemotherapy alone and controls (<1.0% vs. <1.0%, p=.53). Hodgkin's patients treated with XRT had higher ADCC assays than those treated with chemotherapy alone (p=.087), although this difference did not achieve statistical significance. Serum measurements of antithyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies, antithyroglobulin (Tg) antibodies, thyroid binding inhibitory immunoglobulins (TBII), and thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) were. similar in all groups. Antibodies against the 64 kDa orbital antigen were detected in 1 patient and 1 control subject. Excluding patients already treated with L-thyroxine for hypothyroidism (n=5), free T-3, but not free T-4, was lower in the Hodgkin's disease group than in controls (2.2 pg/mL vs. 2.7 pg/mL, p=.008). Thyrotropin (TSH) concentrations were not statistically different between these groups. In summary, these data show: (1) ADCC against human orbital muscle cells is increased in patients with Hodgkin's disease compared with controls: (2) these differences were noted among Hodgkin's disease patients treated with thyroidal XRT, with or without chemotherapy, and not among those patients treated with chemotherapy alone; and (3) no statistically significant differences in the frequency of thyroid autoantibodies were found. These data suggest that patients with Hodgkin's disease display altered antibody-dependent immune function toward extraocular muscle cells that may possibly be related to by ?CRT. Larger, prospective studies assessing thyroid and orbital-related immunologic abnormalities in Hodgkin's disease are warranted. C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,DIV ENDOCRINOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. ALLEGHENY SINGER RES INST,THYROID EYE DIS RES LAB,PITTSBURGH,PA 15212. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,WASHINGTON HOSP CTR,ENDOCRINE SECT,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD JUN PY 1997 VL 7 IS 3 BP 425 EP 432 DI 10.1089/thy.1997.7.425 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA XL016 UT WOS:A1997XL01600018 PM 9226215 ER PT J AU Cao, CJ Mioduszewski, RJ Menking, DE Valdes, JJ Cortes, VI Eldefrawi, ME Eldefrawi, AT AF Cao, CJ Mioduszewski, RJ Menking, DE Valdes, JJ Cortes, VI Eldefrawi, ME Eldefrawi, AT TI Validation of the cytosensor for in vitro cytotoxicity studies SO TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO LA English DT Article ID TARGET ORGAN TOXICITY; 10 CHEMICALS; CELL-CULTURE; LIVING CELLS; INVITRO; SYSTEMS; TESTS; MICROPHYSIOMETER; PROLIFERATION; LYMPHOCYTES AB The Cytosensor(TM) microphysiometer was used to continuously monitor perturbations in metabolic rates of the human liver cell line ATCC-CCL-13 when exposed to each of 10 drugs. The effects of exposure to one concentration for 24 hr or to sequential increasing concentrations for 4 hr, and recovery after drug removal, were compared. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) and ethanol were used to establish the assay protocols and determine reversibility of drug effect. All drugs produced concentration- and time-dependent reduction in acidification rate following 24 hr exposure, which may be due to decreased number of viable cells and/or lowered metabolic rates of the live cells. The degree of irreversible inhibition of acidification rate was used as an index of cell death and the IC50 values for the 10 drugs were comparable to those produced in the same cell line by a fluorescence assay using Calcein AM stain (r = 0.991), that fluoresces only in live cells, as well as the [H-3]thymidine uptake assay (r = 0.976). There was also excellent correlation (r = 0.958) between IC50 values of 24 hr exposure obtained from the Cytosensor with the 10 drugs and their published human lethal blood concentrations. An advantage of this new methodology over other in vitro assays is that it allows the determination of time points at which reversible change becomes irreversible. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL & EXPT THERAPEUT,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. USA,RES & TECHNOL DIRECTORATE,EDGEWOOD RES DEV & ENGN CTR,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0887-2333 J9 TOXICOL IN VITRO JI Toxicol. Vitro PD JUN PY 1997 VL 11 IS 3 BP 285 EP 293 DI 10.1016/S0887-2333(97)00009-X PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA XP588 UT WOS:A1997XP58800010 PM 20654314 ER PT J AU Levine, BL Bernstein, W Craighead, N Thompson, CB Lindsten, T StLouis, DC June, CH AF Levine, BL Bernstein, W Craighead, N Thompson, CB Lindsten, T StLouis, DC June, CH TI Ex vivo replicative potential of adult human peripheral blood CD4+ T cells SO TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Congress of the Transplant-Society CY SEP 29-OCT 02, 1996 CL MIAMI BEACH, FL SP Transplantat Soc C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV RETROVIROL,ROCKVILLE,MD. HENRY M JACKSON FDN ADVANCEMENT MIL MED,ROCKVILLE,MD. GWEN KNAPP CTR,CHICAGO,IL. RP Levine, BL (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. RI Levine, Bruce/D-1688-2009 NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0041-1345 J9 TRANSPLANT P JI Transplant. Proc. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 29 IS 4 BP 2028 EP 2028 DI 10.1016/S0041-1345(97)00216-9 PG 1 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA XE833 UT WOS:A1997XE83300056 PM 9193511 ER PT J AU Krogmann, U Boyles, LS Martel, CJ McComas, KA AF Krogmann, U Boyles, LS Martel, CJ McComas, KA TI Biosolids and sludge management SO WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Review C1 USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,HANOVER,NH 03755. CORNELL UNIV,DEPT COMMUN,ITHACA,NY. RP Krogmann, U (reprint author), RUTGERS STATE UNIV,COOK COLL,ENRSB,DEPT ENVIRONM SCI,NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ 08903, USA. NR 210 TC 23 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 4 PU WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION PI ALEXANDRIA PA 601 WYTHE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1994 SN 1061-4303 J9 WATER ENVIRON RES JI Water Environ. Res. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 69 IS 4 BP 534 EP 550 DI 10.2175/106143097X134830 PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA XH757 UT WOS:A1997XH75700014 ER PT J AU Roig, LC Bergs, MA AF Roig, LC Bergs, MA TI Mixing and transport SO WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Review C1 USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,HYDRAUL LAB,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. UNIV TOLEDO,DEPT ENGN,TOLEDO,OH 43606. NR 147 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION PI ALEXANDRIA PA 601 WYTHE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1994 SN 1061-4303 J9 WATER ENVIRON RES JI Water Environ. Res. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 69 IS 4 BP 727 EP 736 DI 10.2175/106143097X135019 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA XH757 UT WOS:A1997XH75700033 ER PT J AU Christodoulatos, C Bhaumik, S Brodman, BW AF Christodoulatos, C Bhaumik, S Brodman, BW TI Anaerobic biodegradation of nitroglycerin SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE nitroglycerin glycerol trinitrate; anaerobic degradation; degradation pathway; kinetics; wastewater treatment; energetic materials; regioselectivity ID PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; GLYCERYL TRINITRATE; BIOCONVERSION; METABOLISM AB Nitroglycerin (C3H5(ONO2)(3)) or glycerol trinitrate (GTN), a constituent of various propellant formulations and a vasodilator prescribed to treat angina pectoris and other heart diseases, was completely mineralized in serum vials under strict anaerobiosis by mixed cultures from an anaerobic digester. Anaerobic biodegradation occurred via successive denitration of the parent molecule and production of glycerol dinitrate (GDN), and glycerol mononitrate (GMN), which was converted to a utilizable carbon source, most likely glycerol. Both isomeric forms of GDN were detected, namely glycerol 1,3-dinitrate (1,3-GDN) and glycerol 1,2-dinitrate (1,2-GDN), which were converted to glycerol 1-mononitrate (1-GMN) and glycerol 2-mononitrate (2-GMN). Significant regioselectivity of the enzymatic degradation was observed with preferential attack at the secondary (C2) nitro group, which favored production of 1,3-GDN and 1-GMN. Addition of cosubstrates substantially enhanced the rates of conversion of GTN; however, biodegradation also occurred in the absence of external carbon sources. The rates of biodegradation were significantly decreased at each successive denitration, with conversion of GMN to glycerol being the rate limiting step. The destruction of the GDN and GMN intermediates, which are more soluble than the parent compound, and possibly more toxic and mutagenic, is extremely important for the treatment of wastewater and soils contaminated with GTN. Nitrate and nitrite, the main nitrogen products of denitration, were also removed under anaerobic conditions. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA,ARMAMENTS RES,DEV & ENGN CTR,PICATINNY ARSENAL,NJ 07806. RP Christodoulatos, C (reprint author), STEVENS INST TECHNOL,CTR ENVIRONM ENGN,HOBOKEN,NJ 07030, USA. NR 16 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 31 IS 6 BP 1462 EP 1470 DI 10.1016/S0043-1354(96)00390-9 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA WZ852 UT WOS:A1997WZ85200026 ER PT J AU Li, YG Mehta, AJ Hatfield, K Dortch, MS AF Li, YG Mehta, AJ Hatfield, K Dortch, MS TI Modulation of constituent release across the mud-water interface by water waves SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION ADSORPTION; CAPPING LAYER; SEDIMENTS; EFFICIENCY AB Mechanisms that contribute to the modulation of the release flux of conservative constituents from bottom mud by water waves have been investigated. Laboratory flume tests were carried out by initially inoculating fluid-like clayey muds with dyes used as generic constituent surrogates. For each combination of dye and mud, dissolved and particle-bound release fluxes were determined as functions of wave and mud properties by numerically modeling constituent and sediment transport. Ln the absence of sediment entrainment the dissolved constituent flux in the interfacial diffusive sublayer is mainly governed by the rate of diffusion in mud heaving under wave action and by the rate of mass transfer across the sublayer. The diffusion coefficient in mud appears to be related to the rate of wave energy dissipation by internal friction, and the sublayer diffusion coefficient is found to follow a Chilton-Colburn type relationship for boundary layer mass transfer. When entrainment of sediment and associated pore water occurred, particle-bound constituent release became important. However, partial return of the entrained sediment and water due to redeposition of mud flocs caused the net rate of constituent release to the ambient water column to be a comparatively small fraction of the total rate of release. This observation implies that transport models for nutrients and contaminants must accurately account for the two-way interfacial exchange of sediment and water to avoid a possible overprediction of constituent release at the mud boundary. C1 USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,ENVIRONM LAB,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT COASTAL & OCEANOG ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. RP Li, YG (reprint author), MOFFATT & NICHOL ENGINEERS,259 W WARDLOW RD,POB 7707,LONG BEACH,CA 90807, USA. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD JUN PY 1997 VL 33 IS 6 BP 1409 EP 1418 DI 10.1029/97WR00654 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA XC196 UT WOS:A1997XC19600019 ER PT J AU Wakeley, JS Lichvar, RW AF Wakeley, JS Lichvar, RW TI Disagreements between plot-based prevalence indices and dominance ratios in evaluations of wetland vegetation SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE hydrophytic vegetation; prevalence index; dominance ratio; wetland delineation ID SOILS AB Methods for wetland identification and delineation require the investigator to determine whether vegetation is hydrophytic. Two widely used techniques for making hydrophytic vegetation decisions involve dominance ratios (i.e., the percentage of dominant species that are rated obligate (OBL), facultative wetland (FACW), and facultative (FAG)) and prevalence indices (i.e., the weighted-average wetland indicator status of all plants present). We sampled 338 vegetation plots on sites throughout the United States and calculated the dominance ratio and a plot-based prevalence index for each plot. We found that hydrophytic vegetation decisions based on the two methods disagreed on 16% of field plots. Analysis of simulated plot data (n = 80,000) indicated that frequencies of disagreement increase as vegetation complexity (i.e., number of strata and number of species per stratum) increases. We conclude that the two methods for hydrophytic vegetation decisions disagree too often to be considered equivalent. Additional studies are needed in different biogeographic regions and plant community types to determine the conditions under which prevalence indices, dominance ratios, or some other treatment of vegetation data provide more reliable indicators of wetland vegetation. RP Wakeley, JS (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,ENVIRONM LAB,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 9 PU SOC WETLAND SCIENTISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH ST, P O BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0277-5212 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD JUN PY 1997 VL 17 IS 2 BP 301 EP 309 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA XG356 UT WOS:A1997XG35600012 ER PT J AU Clingenpeel, TH Biaglow, AI AF Clingenpeel, TH Biaglow, AI TI Carbonylation of benzene in a zeolite catalyst SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DEALUMINATED FAUJASITES; H-ZSM-5; ACIDITY C1 US MIL ACAD, DEPT CHEM, W POINT, NY 10996 USA. NR 24 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAY 28 PY 1997 VL 119 IS 21 BP 5077 EP 5078 DI 10.1021/ja970325o PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XB674 UT WOS:A1997XB67400049 ER PT J AU Brown, ER Parker, CD Verghese, S Geis, MW Harvey, JF AF Brown, ER Parker, CD Verghese, S Geis, MW Harvey, JF TI Resonant-tunneling transmission-line relaxation oscillator SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Experimental and numerical results are presented for a high-frequency oscillator consisting of a resonant-tunneling diode (RTD) series-embedded in a transmission line, one end of which is short circuited and the other end terminated with a load resistor. Like relaxation oscillators, the ac voltage across the RTD is a square wave. However, the current wave form (and hence the load wave forms) consists of a sequence of sharp pulses that are essentially locked to the fundamental mode of the transmission line. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 MIT,LINCOLN LAB,LEXINGTON,MA 02173. USA,RES OFF,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. NR 6 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 26 PY 1997 VL 70 IS 21 BP 2787 EP 2789 DI 10.1063/1.119059 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XA599 UT WOS:A1997XA59900003 ER PT J AU Krinitzsky, EL Hynes, ME Franklin, AG AF Krinitzsky, EL Hynes, ME Franklin, AG TI Earthquake safety evaluation of sanitary landfills SO ENGINEERING GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE earthquake safety evaluation; sanitary landfills; probabilistic map; deterministic map AB Earthquake ground motions at municipal solid waste landfills must be specified according to the level of hazard or criticality of the site along with the type of engineering analysis that is to be performed. Today's landfills, when built to regulatory standards, are unlikely to be critical, but older landfills can be seriously hazardous. Consequently, the hazards are graded as: (1) none to negligible; (2) low; (3) moderate; and (4) great. For non-critical sites, motions may be obtained from a probabilistic map but a deterministic map, if available, is preferred as part of a non-site-specific investigation; however, for critical sites, a deterministic, site-specific evaluation should be made. Motions must be specified appropriately for the type of analysis, whether it is for foundation liquefaction, stability of slopes, integrity of barriers, earth pressures, or the design of appurtenant structures. RP Krinitzsky, EL (reprint author), USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,GEOTECH LAB,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0013-7952 J9 ENG GEOL JI Eng. Geol. PD MAY 23 PY 1997 VL 46 IS 2 BP 143 EP 156 DI 10.1016/S0013-7952(96)00108-1 PG 14 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA XD834 UT WOS:A1997XD83400007 ER PT J AU Trofa, AF DeFraites, RF Smoak, BL KanesaThasan, N King, AD Burrous, JM MacArthy, PO Rossi, C Hoke, CH AF Trofa, AF DeFraites, RF Smoak, BL KanesaThasan, N King, AD Burrous, JM MacArthy, PO Rossi, C Hoke, CH TI Dengue fever in US military personnel in Haiti SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID DISEASE; VIRUS AB Objective.-To describe clinical manifestations and public health implications of an outbreak of dengue fever (DF) during Operation Uphold Democracy, Haiti, 1994. Design.-Consecutive sample, Setting.-Military combat support hospital, Port-au-Prince, Haiti, Patients.-A total of 101 US military personnel with acute febrile illnesses, Interventions.-A disease surveillance team collected clinical and epidemiologic data from US military clinics throughout Haiti, Febrile patients admitted to the combat support hospital were evaluated with standardized clinical and laboratory procedures, The surveillance team followed patients daily, Main Outcome Measures.-Arbovirus isolation and specific antibody determination and symptoms and physical findings, Results.-Febrile illnesses accounted for 103 (25%) of the 406 combat support hospital admissions during the first 8 weeks of deployment. Ail patients with febrile illness recovered. A total of 30 patients had DF; no patient had evidence of infection with malaria, Dengue virus serotypes 1,2, and 4 were isolated from 22 patients, and 8 patients developed IgM antibody to dengue virus, Patients with DF could not be distinguished from other febrile patients on clinical grounds alone, No arboviruses other than dengue were identified. Conclusions.-Active surveillance, with clinical and laboratory evaluation directed by an epidemiologic team, led to the timely recognition of an outbreak of febrile illness among US troops in Haiti, Viral isolation and serological studies were essential in confirming DF, During the surveillance period, DF accounted for at least 30% of the febrile illnesses among hospitalized US troops, Dengue fever is a significant threat to military personnel and civilian travelers in Haiti and has the potential for introduction to and transmission in the United States. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV PREVENT MED,WASHINGTON,DC. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV COMMUNICABLE DIS & IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DEPT APPL DIAGNOST,FREDERICK,MD. NR 22 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 21 PY 1997 VL 277 IS 19 BP 1546 EP 1548 DI 10.1001/jama.277.19.1546 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WY969 UT WOS:A1997WY96900033 PM 9153369 ER PT J AU Vorontsov, MA Carhart, GW Pruidze, DV Ricklin, JC Voelz, DG AF Vorontsov, MA Carhart, GW Pruidze, DV Ricklin, JC Voelz, DG TI Adaptive imaging system for phase-distorted extended source and multiple-distance objects SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID OPTICS; PERFORMANCE; TELESCOPE AB We introduce an incoherent adaptive imaging system based on optimization of an image quality metric measured using a coherent optical system. Experimental results and numerical simulations are presented that demonstrate adaptive correction of phase-distorted extended source images containing objects located at multiple distances. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,IMAGING BRANCH,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117. RP Vorontsov, MA (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. RI Tippie, Abbie/A-1106-2007 NR 19 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 20 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 15 BP 3319 EP 3328 DI 10.1364/AO.36.003319 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA WZ080 UT WOS:A1997WZ08000020 PM 18253343 ER PT J AU Videen, G Pellegrino, P Ngo, D Nachman, P Pinnick, RG AF Videen, G Pellegrino, P Ngo, D Nachman, P Pinnick, RG TI Qualitative light-scattering angular correlations of conglomerate particles SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID MORPHOLOGY-DEPENDENT RESONANCES; ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTIONS; CLASSICAL ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING; PARTIAL-WAVE RESONANCES; DIELECTRIC SPHERES; COMPOUNDED SPHERES; SPHERICAL INCLUSIONS; EXTERNAL AGGREGATION; ECCENTRIC INCLUSION; CONSUMMATE SOLUTION AB The scattering phase functions of micrometer-sized glycerol droplets containing spherical latex inclusions undergo random fluctuations with time. We measure scattering intensities in the near-forward and near-backward scattering directions and find them to have strong positive correlations during some time periods and strong negative correlations during other time periods. The characteristic time constants of these correlations are of the order of seconds. We calculate scattering correlations from two types of scattering system. Correlations from a two-sphere system generally are positive, whereas correlations from a sphere containing a single spherical inclusion may be both positive and negative. Calculations of correlations from our experimental data are consistent with diffusion of inclusions within the host droplet, rather than interference effects between the inclusions. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. RP Videen, G (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,2800 POWDER MILL RD,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 50 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 20 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 15 BP 3532 EP 3537 DI 10.1364/AO.36.003532 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA WZ080 UT WOS:A1997WZ08000049 PM 18253372 ER PT J AU Vispute, RD Talyansky, V Trajanovic, Z Choopun, S Downes, M Sharma, RP Venkatesan, T Woods, MC Lareau, RT Jones, KA Iliadis, AA AF Vispute, RD Talyansky, V Trajanovic, Z Choopun, S Downes, M Sharma, RP Venkatesan, T Woods, MC Lareau, RT Jones, KA Iliadis, AA TI High quality crystalline ZnO buffer layers on sapphire (001) by pulsed laser deposition for III-V nitrides SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OXIDE THIN-FILMS; ORIENTATION; SUBSTRATE; EPITAXY AB ZnO thin films with near perfect crystallinity have been grown epitaxially on sapphire (001) by pulsed laser deposition technique. The omega-rocking curve full width at half-maximum of the ZnO(002) peak for the films grown at 750 degrees C, oxygen pressure 10(-5) Torr was 0.17 degrees. The high degree of crystallinity was confirmed by ion channeling technique providing a minimum Rutherford backscattering yield of 2%-3% in the near-surface region (similar to 2000 Angstrom). The atomic force microscopy revealed smooth hexagonal faceting of the ZnO films. It has been possible to deposit epitaxial ALN films of thickness 1000 Angstrom on epi-ZnO/sapphire. Excellent crystalline properties of these epi-ZnO/sapphire heterostructures are, thus, promising for lattice-matched substrates for III-V nitride heteroepitaxy and optoelectronics devices. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA,RES LAB,AMSRL,PS,DS,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MAT & NUCL ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP Vispute, RD (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT PHYS,CTR SUPERCOND RES,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. RI Venkatesan, Thirumalai/E-1667-2013; OI Choopun, Supab/0000-0001-8518-9014 NR 19 TC 194 Z9 206 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 19 PY 1997 VL 70 IS 20 BP 2735 EP 2737 DI 10.1063/1.119006 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WZ348 UT WOS:A1997WZ34800033 ER PT J AU Kiserow, DJ Itoh, Y Webber, SE AF Kiserow, DJ Itoh, Y Webber, SE TI Effect of coil collapse on photon-harvesting polymers with phenanthrene chromophores SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-ENERGY TRANSFER; EFFICIENT NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; SHORT-RANGE TRANSFER; TIME-DEPENDENCE; ACID; COPOLYMERS; SINGLET AB Fluorescence measurements were used to explore the effect of solvent-induced polymer coil collapse on electronic energy transport for both methacrylate and methacrylic acid copolymers with pendant phenanthrene chromophores. Changes in the quantum yield and efficiency of excitation transport show that the efficiency of electronic energy transport to a covalently bound anthracene trap increases with coil contraction, although this increase is part of a complex chain of events in which phenanthrene-phenanthrene self-quenching plays an important role even though classical excimer formation is negligible. Room temperature solution and 77 K matrices display qualitatively similar behavior. Measurements for polymethacrylic acid-co/alt-poly(vinylphenanthrene) polymers in aqueous solution at room temperature and at 77 K illustrate analogous behavior as a function of pH. C1 SHINSHU UNIV,FAC TEXT SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT FUNCT POLYMER SCI,UEDA,NAGANO 386,JAPAN. UNIV TEXAS,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,AUSTIN,TX 78712. UNIV TEXAS,CTR POLYMER RES,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP Kiserow, DJ (reprint author), USA,RES OFF,4300 S MIAMI BLVD,POB 12211,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709, USA. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD MAY 19 PY 1997 VL 30 IS 10 BP 2934 EP 2940 DI 10.1021/ma9617680 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA XA232 UT WOS:A1997XA23200018 ER PT J AU Dona, CL Green, DW Willhite, GP AF Dona, CL Green, DW Willhite, GP TI A study of the uptake and gelation reactions of Cr(III) oligomers with polyacrylamide SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; CHROMIUM(III); HYDROLYSIS AB The reaction rates of Cr(III) oligomers with partially hydrolyzed (PAAm) polyacrylamide were measured. The oligomers were prepared in relatively pure form using liquid chromatography, allowed to react with polymer, quenched, and then separated using equilibrium dialysis. In the pH range of 4-5, Cr(III) concentrations in the range of 8-30 ppm and polymer concentrations in the range of 4000-20,000 ppm, reaction rates increased with increasing oligomer size, concentration, and pH. Gelation rates determined using rheological measurements were found to follow closely the Cr(III) reaction rates. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 UNIV KANSAS,DEPT CHEM & PETR ENGN,LAWRENCE,KS 66045. USA CORPS ENGINEERS,ENVIRONM BRANCH,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD MAY 16 PY 1997 VL 64 IS 7 BP 1381 EP 1391 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19970516)64:7<1381::AID-APP18>3.0.CO;2-# PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA WU622 UT WOS:A1997WU62200018 ER PT J AU McElroy, PD Beier, JC Oster, CN Onyango, FK Oloo, AJ Lin, XH Beadle, C Hoffman, SL AF McElroy, PD Beier, JC Oster, CN Onyango, FK Oloo, AJ Lin, XH Beadle, C Hoffman, SL TI Dose- and time-dependent relations between infective Anopheles inoculation and outcomes of Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia among children in western Kenya SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anopheles; Culicidae; malaria; Plasmodium falciparum ID CEREBRAL MALARIA; BED NETS; TRANSMISSION; MORTALITY; SEVERITY; DISEASE; TRIAL; AREA; SEQUESTRATION; MORBIDITY AB Blood-stage level Plasmodium falciparum infection (parasitemia density) is generally elevated prior to, or at the time of, clinical presentation of severe pediatric malaria episodes. Intensity of exposure to infective Anopheles mosquito bites is a suspected determinant of higher density parasitemia. Analyses of entomologic and parasitologic data collected in 1986-1987 were conducted to investigate whether the dose of infective bites predicted the incidence or degree of P. falciparum parasitemia in Kenyan children <6 years old. At 21 consecutive 30-day intervals, a new cohort (n approximate to 50 each) was enrolled, cured of malaria parasites, and monitored over 84 days for recurrent parasitemia. Outcomes included time to parasitemia, time to parasitemia greater than or equal to 5,000/mu l, and parasitemia density. Ecologic and individual-level analyses were conducted. The mean infective bite exposure experienced by each cohort was significantly associated with the incidence of parasitemia (age-adjusted r(2)=0.38, p=0.022) and more strongly associated with the incidence of parasitemia greater than or equal to 5,000/mu l (age-adjusted r(2)=0.72, p <0.001). The infective bite dose, analyzed as a time-dependent covariate, was associated with a 2.8 times higher rate of parasitemia greater than or equal to 5,000/mu l among children exposed to greater than or equal to 1 infective bite per day as compared with the referent (rate ratio (RR)=2.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.24-3.56). Cumulative infective bite exposure, exposure duration, and age were significant predictors of recurrent parasitemia density in multiple linear regression analyses. The results support the contention that reductions in P. falciparum transmission intensity, in the absence of complete elimination, will reduce higher level parasitemia among African children. C1 USN,MED RES INST,MALARIA PROGRAM,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. UNIV MICHIGAN,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT EPIDEMIOL,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. USA,MED RES UNIT,NAIROBI,KENYA. USA,MED RES UNIT,KISUMU,KENYA. TULANE UNIV,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT TROP MED,NEW ORLEANS,LA. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT INFECT DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. KENYA GOVT MED RES CTR,VECTOR BIOL & CONTROL RES CTR,KISUMU,KENYA. UNIV MICHIGAN,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT BIOSTAT,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-29000] NR 40 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV SCHOOL HYGIENE PUB HEALTH PI BALTIMORE PA 111 MARKET PLACE, STE 840, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-6709 SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD MAY 15 PY 1997 VL 145 IS 10 BP 945 EP 956 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA WY376 UT WOS:A1997WY37600009 PM 9149666 ER PT J AU Jones, MP Alving, B AF Jones, MP Alving, B TI Response to activated protein C and cerebrovascular disease SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 WASHINGTON HOSP CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20010. RP Jones, MP (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAY 15 PY 1997 VL 126 IS 10 BP 832 EP 833 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WZ823 UT WOS:A1997WZ82300032 PM 9148671 ER PT J AU Millard, CB Bongiovanni, R Broomfield, CA AF Millard, CB Bongiovanni, R Broomfield, CA TI Cutaneous exposure to bis-(2-chloroethyl)sulfide results in neutrophil infiltration and increased solubility of 180,000 M-r subepidermal collagens SO BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sulfur mustard; hairless guinea pig; myeloperoxidase; collagen ID AMINO-ACID-ANALYSIS; BASEMENT-MEMBRANE COMPONENTS; HAIRLESS GUINEA-PIG; SULFUR MUSTARD; HUMAN-SKIN; IDENTIFICATION; POLYPEPTIDES; PROTEINS; BINDING AB Exposure to bis-(2-chloroethyl)sulfide (BCES; ''sulfur mustard'') causes delayed formation of slowly healing skin blisters. Although the histopathology of BCES injury is well characterized [reviewed in Smith et al., J Am Acad Dermatol 32: 767-776, 1995], little is known of the cutaneous toxicity at the molecular level. To identify biological markers of exposure, epidermal and subepidermal extracts were prepared from 48 individual hairless guinea pigs (HGP) at successive 3-hr intervals following exposure to BCES vapor, and compared using gel electrophoresis, and lectin- and antisera-binding. Inflammation was assessed by measuring edema and myeloperoxidase activity. Edema reached peak levels at 15-18 hr and remained elevated above controls at 24 hr. Recruitment of neutrophils, deduced from increased myeloperoxidase, occurred as early as 3 hr after BCES exposure with maximum infiltration at 6-12 hr. Binding of concanavalin-A lectin revealed increased amounts, relative to contralateral control sites, of two approximately 180,000 M-r polypeptides in subepidermal protein extracts from the BCES exposed skin obtained greater than or equal to 12 hr after exposure. This alteration was not found in epidermal protein extracts prepared from the same animals. Based upon the determined amino acid compositions, both polypeptides had significant collagenous triple helical content (>75%). They could be distinguished immunologically from collagen types I, III, and IV by using polyclonal antisera. We conclude that exposure of HGP skin to BCES results in an early neutrophil infiltration that precedes epidermal-dermal separation and selective alterations of the subepidermal extracellular matrix. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. NR 48 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0006-2952 J9 BIOCHEM PHARMACOL JI Biochem. Pharmacol. PD MAY 15 PY 1997 VL 53 IS 10 BP 1405 EP 1412 DI 10.1016/S0006-2952(97)00008-7 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA XP115 UT WOS:A1997XP11500003 PM 9260866 ER PT J AU Gruber, JB Wright, AO Seltzer, MD Zandi, B Merkle, LD Hutchinson, JA Morrison, CA Allik, TH Chai, BHT AF Gruber, JB Wright, AO Seltzer, MD Zandi, B Merkle, LD Hutchinson, JA Morrison, CA Allik, TH Chai, BHT TI Site-selective excitation and polarized absorption and emission spectra of trivalent thulium and erbium in strontium fluorapatite SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-LEVELS; LASER; FLUOROPHOSPHATE; CRYSTALS AB Polarized fluorescence spectra produced by site-selective excitation, and conventional polarized absorption spectra were obtained for Tm3+ and Er3+ ions individually incorporated into single crystals of strontium fluorapatite, Sr-5(PO4)(3)F, also known as SFAP. Substitution of the trivalent rare earth ion for divalent strontium was achieved by passive charge compensation during Czochralski growth of the fluorapatite crystals. Spectra were obtained between 1780 and 345 nm at temperatures from 4 K to room temperature on crystals having the hexagonal structure [P6(3)/m(C-6h(2))]. The polarized fluorescence spectra due to transitions from multiplet manifolds of Tm3+(4f(12)), including D-1(2), (1)G(4), and H-3(4) to manifolds H-3(6) (the ground-state manifold), F-3(4), H-3(5), H-3(4), and F-3(3) were analyzed for the details of the crystal-field splitting of the manifolds. Fluorescence Lifetimes were measured for Tm3+ transitions from D-1(2), (1)G(4), and H-3(4) at room temperature and from (1)G(4) at 16 K. Results of the analysis indicate that the majority of Tm3+ ions occupy sites having C-s symmetry. A point-charge lattice-sum calculation was made in which the crystal-field components, A(nm), were determined assuming that trivalent thulium replaces divalent strontium in the metal site having C-s symmetry. Results support the conclusion that the nearest-neighbor fluoride (F-) is replaced by divalent oxygen (O2-), thus preserving overall charge neutrality and local symmetry. Crystal-field splitting calculations predict energy levels in agreement with results obtained from an analysis of the experimental data. By varying the crystal-field parameters, B-nm, we obtained a rms difference of 7 cm(-1) between 43 calculated and experimental Stark levels for Tm3+(4f(12)) in Tm:SFAP. Absorption and fluorescence spectra are also reported for Er3+ ions in Er:SFAP. Measurement of the temporal decay of the room temperature fluorescence from the I-4(11/2) and I-4(13/2) manifolds yielded fluorescence lifetimes of 230+/-20 mu s and 8.9+/-0.1 ms, respectively. The experimental Stark levels obtained from an analysis of the spectroscopic data were compared with a crystal-field splitting calculation. The initial set of B-nm parameters for Er3+(4f(11)) was established from the three-parameter theory and the final set of B-nm parameters obtained for Tm3+(4f(12)) in Tm:SFAP. The best overall agreement between calculated and experimental Stark levels is 8 cm(-1) for 48 Stark levels, representing 12 observed multiplet manifolds of Er3+(4f(11)) in Er:SFAP. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,RES & TECHNOL DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. USA,RES LAB,IR OPT TECHNOL OFC,FT BELVOIR,VA 22060. USA,NIGHT VIS & ELECT SENSORS DIRECTORATE,FT BELVOIR,VA 22060. USA,RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783. SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MCLEAN,VA 22102. UNIV CENT FLORIDA,CTR RES ELECTROOPT & LASERS,ORLANDO,FL 32836. RP Gruber, JB (reprint author), SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SAN JOSE,CA 95192, USA. NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 10 BP 6585 EP 6598 DI 10.1063/1.365197 PG 14 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WZ575 UT WOS:A1997WZ57500005 ER PT J AU Barth, J AF Barth, J TI 50 great investments for the 21st century - Veitia,DJ SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Barth, J (reprint author), US MIL ACAD LIB,W POINT,NY, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 15 PY 1997 VL 122 IS 9 BP 85 EP 85 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA WZ160 UT WOS:A1997WZ16000119 ER PT J AU Donovan, SM MacKenzie, JD Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Ren, F Jones, K Cole, M AF Donovan, SM MacKenzie, JD Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Ren, F Jones, K Cole, M TI InN-based ohmic contacts to InAlN SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; NITRIDE THIN-FILMS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; GALLIUM NITRIDE; PLASMA SOURCE; GAN FILMS; GROWTH AB The ability to form low resistance Ohmic contacts to InAlN using refractory metallization on In-containing contact layers has been investigated. The crystal quality as measured by surface roughness and x-ray diffraction was found to be a determining factor in the contact resistance which could be obtained using WSix contacts. InN growth conditions which resulted in poorer structural quality, such as the use of GaAs rather than sapphire substrates, low nitrogen flows, and low growth temperatures, resulted in contact resistances of 10(-4)-10(-3) Omega cm(2), as compared to similar to 10(-5) cm(2) for InAlN alone, Using optimized conditions, contact resistances to InAlN of similar to 3.5x10(-6) Omega cm(2) were obtained. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 AT&T BELL LABS, LUCENT TECHNOL, MURRAY HILL, NJ 07974 USA. USA, RES LAB, FT MONMOUTH, NJ 07703 USA. RP Donovan, SM (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, GAINESVILLE, FL 32611 USA. NR 26 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 12 PY 1997 VL 70 IS 19 BP 2592 EP 2594 DI 10.1063/1.118927 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WY234 UT WOS:A1997WY23400034 ER PT J AU Klette, KL Lin, Y Clapp, LE DeCoster, MA Moreton, JE Tortella, FC AF Klette, KL Lin, Y Clapp, LE DeCoster, MA Moreton, JE Tortella, FC TI Neuroprotective sigma ligands attenuate NMDA and trans-ACPD-induced calcium signaling in rat primary neurons SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE NMDA; trans-ACPD; KCl; metabotropic; intracellular calcium; sigma ligand; neuroprotection; neuronal culture ID METABOTROPIC GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS; METHYL-D-ASPARTATE; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; PHENYLGLYCINE DERIVATIVES; CULTURE; MOUSE; MODULATION; TOXICITY; BRAIN; CA-2+ AB The effect of neuroprotective sigma ligands possessing a range of relative selectivity for sigma and phencyclidine (PCP) binding sites on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and (+/-)-1-aminocyclopentane-trans-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (trans-ACPD)-stimulated calcium flux was studied in 12-15-day-old primary cultures of rat cortical neurons. In approximately 80% of the neurons tested, NMDA (80 mu M) caused a sustained increase in intracellular calcium ([Ca2+](i)). With the exception of R-(+)-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-N-propylpiperidine hydrochloride ((+)-3-PPP) (previously shown not to be neuroprotective) all of the sigma ligands studied significantly altered NMDA-induced calcium dynamics. The primary effect of dextromethorphan, (+)-pentazocine, (+)-cyclazocine, (+)-SKF10047, carbetapentane, 1,3-di(2-tolyl) guanidine (DTG), and haloperidol was to shift the NMDA response from a sustained, to either a biphasic or a transient, calcium event. In contrast to NMDA, the primary response observed in 62% of the neurons treated with trans-ACPD (100 mu M) was a transient elevation in [Ca2+](i). Here, however, only the highly selective neuroprotective sigma ligands (i.e., those lacking substantial PCP binding affinity) significantly decreased the number of transient responses elicited by trans-ACPD whereas the PCP-related sigma ligands such as dextromethorphan, (+)-SKF10047 and (+)-cyclazocine were ineffective. Unexpectedly, (+)-3-PPP potentiated trans-ACPD activity. These results demonstrating attenuating effects of sigma ligands on NMDA-stimulated neuronal calcium responses agree with earlier studies using glutamate and KCl and identify a sigma receptor modulation of functional NMDA responsiveness. Furthermore, the ability of sigma ligands to attenuate NMDA-, trans-ACPD- and KCl-evoked neuronal calcium dynamics indicates that the receptor mechanisms mediating sigma neuroprotection comprise complex interactions involving ionotropic, metabotropic, and even voltage-gated calcium signaling processes. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DIV NEUROSCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,DIV FORENS TOXICOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,MED CTR,CTR NEUROSCI,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70112. UNIV MARYLAND,SCH PHARM,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. NR 41 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD MAY 9 PY 1997 VL 756 IS 1-2 BP 231 EP 240 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(97)00142-X PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA XA015 UT WOS:A1997XA01500030 PM 9187337 ER PT J AU Gorbunov, NV Yalowich, JC Gaddam, A Thampatty, P Ritov, VB Kisin, ER Elsayed, NM Kagan, VE AF Gorbunov, NV Yalowich, JC Gaddam, A Thampatty, P Ritov, VB Kisin, ER Elsayed, NM Kagan, VE TI Nitric oxide prevents oxidative damage produced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide in erythroleukemia cells via nitrosylation of heme and non-heme iron - Electron paramagnetic resonance evidence SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; HUMAN ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; RED-BLOOD-CELLS; SPIN-RESONANCE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; RIBONUCLEOTIDE REDUCTASE; K562 CELLS; ACTIVATED MACROPHAGES; REOXYGENATION INJURY; LIPID-PEROXIDATION AB We studied protective effects of NO against tert-butyl-hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH)-induced oxidations in a subline of human erythroleukemia K562 cells with different intracellular hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations. t-BuOOH-induced formation of oxoferryl-Hb-derived free radical species in cells was demonstrated by low temperature EPR spectroscopy, Intensity of the signals was proportional to Hb concentrations and was correlated with cell viability, Peroxidation of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, and cardiolipin metabolically labeled with oxidation-sensitive cis-parinaric acid was induced by t-BuOOH. An NO donor, (Z)-1-[N-(3-ammoniopropyl)-N-(n-propyl)amino]-diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate], produced nonheme iron dinitrosyl complexes and hexa- and pentacoordinated Hb-nitrosyl complexes in the cells. Nitrosylation of non heme iron centers and Hb-heme protected against t-BuOOH-induced: (a) formation of oxoferryl-Hb-derived free radical species, (b) peroxidation of cis-parinaric acid-labeled phospholipids, and (c) cytotoxicity. Since NO did not inhibit peroxidation induced by an ate-initiator of peroxyl radicals, 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), protective effects of NO were due to formation of iron-nitrosyl complexes whose redox interactions with t-BuOOH prevented generation of oxoferryl-Hb-derived free radical species. C1 UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT ENVIRONM & OCCUPAT HLTH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15238. UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT PHARMACOL,PITTSBURGH,PA 15238. PITTSBURGH CANC INST,PITTSBURGH,PA 15238. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT RESP RES,DIV MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 106 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAY 9 PY 1997 VL 272 IS 19 BP 12328 EP 12341 DI 10.1074/jbc.272.19.12328 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA WY829 UT WOS:A1997WY82900014 PM 9139677 ER PT J AU Li, Y Lu, Y Shen, H Wraback, M Brown, MG Schurman, M Koszi, L Stall, RA AF Li, Y Lu, Y Shen, H Wraback, M Brown, MG Schurman, M Koszi, L Stall, RA TI Temperature dependence of energy gap in GaN thin film studied by thermomodulation SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM WELL STRUCTURES; PHOTOREFLECTANCE; EXCITON; SPECTRA; GAAS AB The thermomodulation spectrum from metal organic chemical vapor deposition grown GaN has been measured in the temperature range of 20-310 K. A theoretical model is established to explain the spectrum by considering the modulation of dielectric constant and epilayer thickness. It is found that the latter is especially important for a material system with a large difference in refractive indices between the epilayer and the substrate. The band gap energy and broadening parameter are determined using a lineshape analysis. Varshni coefficients of the energy gap are determined. The temperature dependence of broadening parameter is also measured. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 RUTGERS STATE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855. USA,RES LAB,PHYS SCI DIRECTORATE,AMSRL PS PB,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703. RP Li, Y (reprint author), EMCORE CORP,35 ELIZABETH AVE,SOMERSET,NJ 08873, USA. NR 19 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 5 PY 1997 VL 70 IS 18 BP 2458 EP 2460 DI 10.1063/1.118855 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WZ076 UT WOS:A1997WZ07600042 ER PT J AU Asgari, K Sesterhenn, IA McLeod, DG Cowan, K Moul, JW Seth, P Srivastava, S AF Asgari, K Sesterhenn, IA McLeod, DG Cowan, K Moul, JW Seth, P Srivastava, S TI Inhibition of the growth of pre-established subcutaneous tumor nodules of human prostate cancer cells by single injection of the recombinant adenovirus p53 expression vector SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article ID WILD-TYPE P53; GENE-TRANSFER; SUPPRESSOR GENE; ANGIOGENESIS; MUTATIONS; APOPTOSIS; INDUCTION; CARCINOMA; THERAPY; HEAD AB We have previously described potent growth-inhibitory effect of a recombinant adenovirus expressing wild type p53 (AdWTp53) in metastatic prostate cancer cells via activation of cellular p53 pathways. We have extended these observations to analyze the effects of AdWTp53 on primary cultures of radical prostatectomy specimens (RPS) and have also evaluated the gene therapeutic potential of the AdWTp53 in a nude mice model. Infection of primary cultures of prostate cancer specimens resulted in about 80% cell growth inhibition in comparison with cultures treated with control adenovirus d1312. Single injection of AdWTp53 into pre-established tumor nodules of DU145 prostate cancer cells suppressed tumor growth significantly (p = 0.0407) as determined by comparison of tumor volumes of the AdWTp53-treated vs. control vector (d1312) or PBS-treated groups. Moreover, there was no significant difference in tumor growth inhibition between single vs. multiple injections of AdWTp53. Our observations support the potential of AdWTp53 for gene therapy of prostate cancer. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT SURG,CTR PROSTATE DIS RES,BETHESDA,MD 20814. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,UROL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. NCI,MED BREAST SECT,MED BRANCH,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 28 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0020-7136 J9 INT J CANCER JI Int. J. Cancer PD MAY 2 PY 1997 VL 71 IS 3 BP 377 EP 382 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19970502)71:3<377::AID-IJC13>3.0.CO;2-D PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA WW911 UT WOS:A1997WW91100013 PM 9139872 ER PT J AU Floyd, EA Reasor, JD Moore, EL Rucker, HK AF Floyd, EA Reasor, JD Moore, EL Rucker, HK TI Effects of chronic ethanol ingestion on mid-latency auditory evoked potentials depend on length of exposure SO ALCOHOL LA English DT Article DE ethanol; mid-latency auditory evoked potentials; Na; Pa; information processing; withdrawal; abstinence ID EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS; BRAIN-STEM POTENTIALS; ABSTINENT CHRONIC-ALCOHOLICS; BASAL FOREBRAIN; CHOLINERGIC INNERVATION; FUNCTIONAL-ANATOMY; PROJECTION SYSTEM; GENERATING-SYSTEM; RAT; COMPONENTS AB We hypothesized that chronic ethanol ingestion is associated with modifications in components of mid-latency auditory evoked potentials (MAEPs). To test this, male Long-Evans rats were administered 10% ethanol in drinking water as the sole fluid source for 3, 6, or 9 months. MAEPs were obtained and compared to age-matched control groups. MAEPs were obtained from additional rats after 4 weeks of abstinence. Data were obtained for varying frequencies (4, 8, 16, 24, 32 kHz) and intensities (65, 75, 85 dB SPL). Three months of ethanol exposure was associated with increased latencies and amplitudes of Na and Pa. MAEP components recovered and returned to control values after 4 weeks' abstinence following 3 months of EtOH exposure. Few significant differences were observed in the ethanol-treated or abstinent group after 6 months' exposure. However, 9 months of ethanol exposure revealed a significant increase in latencies and decrease in amplitudes of both Na and Pa components. After 3 weeks of abstinence, the Na and Pa component peak latencies appeared earlier than age-matched controls. The Na and Pa peak amplitudes were slightly greater than the ethanol-treated group; however, they did not recover to control values. These findings suggest that chronic ethanol consumption may produce time-dependent structural and/or neurochemical alterations in substrates for cortical information processing, which may be irreversible. In the present paradigm, this irreversibility may occur after 6 or more months of ethanol intake, and may be detected with the use of MAEPs. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 MEHARRY MED COLL,DEPT PHYSIOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37208. USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,NEUROTOXICOL BRANCH,DIV PATHOPHYSIOL,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. RP Floyd, EA (reprint author), WAKE FOREST UNIV,BOWMAN GRAY SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL PHARMACOL,MED CTR BLVD,WINSTON SALEM,NC 27157, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [T32MH19843-02] NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0741-8329 J9 ALCOHOL JI Alcohol PD MAY-JUN PY 1997 VL 14 IS 3 BP 269 EP 279 DI 10.1016/S0741-8329(96)00152-8 PG 11 WC Substance Abuse; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Substance Abuse; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA WZ025 UT WOS:A1997WZ02500010 PM 9160805 ER PT J AU Johnson, AT Dooly, CR Caretti, DM Green, M Scott, WH Coyne, KM Sahota, MS Benjamin, B AF Johnson, AT Dooly, CR Caretti, DM Green, M Scott, WH Coyne, KM Sahota, MS Benjamin, B TI Individual work performance during a 10-hour period of respirator wear SO AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOCIATION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cognition; fatigue; mood; respirators; work performance ID MASK; TASK AB A study was performed to test the effects of fatigue and food deprivation on performance while wearing respirator masks. Eleven subjects performed cognitive, psychomotor, and motor tasks, arranged in blocks of 3 hours and performed in round-robin sequence. Performance data and additional psychological and physiological information were obtained. Respirator masks were found to have little effect on task performance even with food intake denied. Fatigue and food deprivation had little effect on performance in the unmasked condition. The only measure that reflected fatigue effects was the psychological profile of mood states. An ancillary study involving five subjects who were allowed to ingest food during the day did not show any performance improvement over subjects without food. C1 SLIPPERY ROCK UNIV,DEPT PHYS EDUC,SLIPPERY ROCK,PA 16057. USA,EDGEWOOD RES DEV & ENGN CTR,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. NUCL RES CTR NEGEV,FILTRAT & AEROSOL LAB,RADIAT PROTECT & SAFETY DEPT,IL-84190 BEER SHEVA,ISRAEL. RP Johnson, AT (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOC PI FAIRFAX PA 2700 PROSPERITY AVE #250, FAIRFAX, VA 22031-4307 SN 0002-8894 J9 AM IND HYG ASSOC J JI Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 58 IS 5 BP 345 EP 353 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA WW090 UT WOS:A1997WW09000003 ER PT J AU Omdal, DG Baird, DE Burton, BS Goodhue, WW Giddens, EM AF Omdal, DG Baird, DE Burton, BS Goodhue, WW Giddens, EM TI Myelolipoma of the thoracic spine SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE spine, neoplasms; lipoma ID EXTRAADRENAL MYELOLIPOMA; PRESACRAL MYELOLIPOMA; MEDIASTINUM AB We describe a myelolipoma of the thoracic spine in a patient with gradual and progressive myelopathy. MR imaging showed this predominately fatty lesion to be extradural in location. C1 TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,HONOLULU,HI 96859. TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,HONOLULU,HI 96859. TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT NEUROSURG,HONOLULU,HI 96859. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NEURORADIOLOGY PI OAK BROOK PA 2210 MIDWEST RD, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0195-6108 J9 AM J NEURORADIOL JI Am. J. Neuroradiol. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 18 IS 5 BP 977 EP 979 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA WZ046 UT WOS:A1997WZ04600025 PM 9159380 ER PT J AU Nachman, P Pellegrino, PM Bernstein, AC AF Nachman, P Pellegrino, PM Bernstein, AC TI Mechanical resonance detected with a Michelson interferometer SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article C1 NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. BATTLEFIELD ENVIRONM DIRECTORATE,ARMY RES LAB,WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE,NM 88002. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 65 IS 5 BP 441 EP 443 DI 10.1119/1.18558 PG 3 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA WX186 UT WOS:A1997WX18600018 ER PT J AU Fildes, RD Atkins, JL AF Fildes, RD Atkins, JL TI Substance P decreases fluid absorption in the renal proximal tubule SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE isolated perfused nephron; nitric oxide; natriuresis ID VASOACTIVE-INTESTINAL-PEPTIDE; AUTORADIOGRAPHIC LOCALIZATION; RAT; BRADYKININ; NERVES; KIDNEY; COLON; ACTIVATION; TRANSPORT; SECRETION AB Substance P is a neuropeptide found principally in the central nervous system and peripheral afferent nerve fibers. It is widely distributed in the body, and its local release is thought to have important effects in the normal physiology and pathophysiology of several organ systems. Substance P releases histamine from mast cells and nitric oxide from endothelial cells. Systemic infusion of substance P causes a brisk natriuresis. Previously, proximal tubule transport in the kidney was measured in vivo during the infusion of substance P. Transport was inhibited. This could have been a direct action of substance P or secondary to the release of histamine or nitric oxide. Therefore, we have now studied the effect of substance P on isolated proximal tubules perfused in vitro. We found that 10(-10) M substance P caused a 50% reduction in the rate of fluid absorption in rabbit proximal straight tubule. This effect was reversible on removal of substance P from the bath. Inhibition of nitric oxide production with N-G-monomethyl-L-arginine (10(-4) M) did not influence the action of substance P at 10(-10) M. The sensitivity of the proximal tubule to low concentrations of substance P, together with the recent findings of substance P-containing afferent fibers within the cortex of the kidney, suggest a role for substance P in the control of proximal tubule reabsorption, particularly in pathophysiological conditions associated with increased afferent nerve activity, such as ureteric occlusion. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, DEPT NEPHROL, DIV MED, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. RP Fildes, RD (reprint author), GEORGETOWN UNIV, CHILDRENS MED CTR, DIV PEDIAT NEPHROL, 3800 RESERVOIR RD NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20007 USA. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 272 IS 5 BP R1396 EP R1401 PG 6 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA WY626 UT WOS:A1997WY62600006 PM 9176329 ER PT J AU Taylor, DC Arciero, RA AF Taylor, DC Arciero, RA TI Pathologic changes associated with shoulder dislocations - Arthroscopic and physical examination findings in first-time, traumatic anterior dislocations SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st Annual Meeting of the AOSSM CY JUL, 1995 CL TORONTO, CANADA SP Amer Orthopaed Soc Sports Med ID INSTABILITY; CAPSULORRHAPHY; REPAIR AB This prospective observational study was performed on young patients, less than 24 years old, with first-time, traumatic anterior shoulder dislocations. These patients were offered either arthroscopic or nonoperative treatment. Fifty-three patients chose nonoperative treatment. Sixty-three patients elected to have arthroscopic procedures. The average patient age was 19.6 years. There were 59 men and 4 women. All procedures were performed within 10 days of dislocation. All 63 patients had hemarthrosis. Sixty-one of 63 (97%) patients treated surgically had complete detachment of the capsuloligamentous complex from the glenoid rim and neck (Perthes-Bankart lesion), with no gross evidence of intracapsular injury. Of the other two patients, one had an avulsion of the inferior glenohumeral ligament from the neck of the humerus, and one had an interstitial capsular tear adjacent to the intact glenoid labrum. Fifty-seven patients had Hill-Sachs lesions; none were large. There were six superior labral anterior posterior lesions, two with detachment of the biceps tendon. There were no rotator cuff tears. Of the 53 nonoperatively treated patients, 48 (90%) have developed recurrent instability. In this population, the capsulolabral avulsion appeared to be the primary gross pathologic lesion after a first-time dislocation. These findings, associated with the 90% nonoperative recurrence rate, suggest a strong association between recurrent instability and the Perthes-Bankart lesion in this population. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP Taylor, DC (reprint author), KELLER ARMY COMMUNITY HOSP,ORTHOPAED SURG SERV,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 46 TC 191 Z9 204 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC SOC SPORT MED PI WALTHAM PA 230 CALVARY STREET, WALTHAM, MA 02154 SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 1997 VL 25 IS 3 BP 306 EP 311 DI 10.1177/036354659702500306 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA XA527 UT WOS:A1997XA52700006 PM 9167808 ER PT J AU Moore, MS Popovic, NA Daniel, JN Boyea, SR Polly, DW AF Moore, MS Popovic, NA Daniel, JN Boyea, SR Polly, DW TI The effect of a wrist brace on injury patterns in experimentally produced distal radial fractures in a cadaveric model SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID WEST-POINT; EFFICACY AB We compared patterns of bony and ligamentous injury with distal radial fractures in braced and unbraced wrists using 20 paired fresh cadaveric upper extremities. A commercially available wrist brace was placed on one wrist in each pair. Specimens were then placed in a fast-loading gravity-driven device and subjected to loads averaging 16 kg from an average height of 78 cm. Postfracture radiographs were obtained, the specimens were dissected, and fracture patterns and ligamentous integrity were assessed. The following fracture types were produced: distal radial fractures (eight unbraced, seven braced) and intraarticular (seven unbraced, four braced). Radiographically, seven unbraced wrists demonstrated carpal bone fracture and one braced wrist demonstrated carpal fractures. Eight unbraced and three braced wrists sustained carpal intrinsic ligament injuries, four unbraced and one braced wrists demonstrated extrinsic ligament injuries. More capsular tears occurred in the unbraced group (N = 8) than in the braced group (N = 1). This model demonstrated a difference in the patterns of injury in unbraced and braced wrists subjected to the same mechanical conditions, which suggests that use of a wrist brace may alter patterns of wrist injury. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,ORTHOPAED SURG SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 22 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC SOC SPORT MED PI WALTHAM PA 230 CALVARY STREET, WALTHAM, MA 02154 SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 1997 VL 25 IS 3 BP 394 EP 401 DI 10.1177/036354659702500321 PG 8 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA XA527 UT WOS:A1997XA52700022 PM 9167823 ER PT J AU Edstein, MD Looareesuwan, S Wilairatana, P Vanijanonta, S Kyle, DE Rieckmann, KH AF Edstein, MD Looareesuwan, S Wilairatana, P Vanijanonta, S Kyle, DE Rieckmann, KH TI Disposition of proguanil in Thai patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE METABOLITE CYCLOGUANIL; PHARMACOKINETICS; VARIABILITY; ACTIVATION; VOLUNTEERS; DAPSONE AB The objective of this study was to examine the disposition of proguanil in malaria-infected Thai patients with acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria, Eleven patients were administered 500 mg of proguanil twice a day for three days (total dose = 3,000 mg). Four patients were tentatively classified as extensive metabolizers (EMs) and seven as poor metabolizers (PMs). The mean plasma clearances of proguanil for EMs and PMs were 1.31 and 1.10 L/hr/kg, respectively. The mean elimination half-life of proguanil was statistically longer in PMs than EMs (19.6 hr versus 16.1 hr; P = 0.01). Plasma clearance and elimination half-life of proguanil in the malaria patients were comparable with those reported in the literature for healthy Thai volunteers, In contrast to other ethnic groups, Thai EM patients had relatively low plasma concentrations of cycloguanil, the active metabolite of proguanil. None of the 11 patients treated with proguanil were cured of malaria and their phenotypic status did not affect the treatment outcome. Although high levels of parasite resistance to cycloguanil were probably responsible for the poor response to proguanil treatment, the inability of Thai EM and PM patients to produce cycloguanil may have also contributed to the treatment outcome. C1 MAHIDOL UNIV,DEPT CLIN TROP MED,BANGKOK 10700,THAILAND. MAHIDOL UNIV,FAC TROP MED,BANGKOK HOSP TROP DIS,BANGKOK 10700,THAILAND. USA,MED COMPONENT,ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,DEPT IMMUNOL & PARASITOL,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. RP Edstein, MD (reprint author), ARMY MALARIA RES UNIT,LIVERPOOL MIL AREA,SYDNEY,NSW 2174,AUSTRALIA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 56 IS 5 BP 498 EP 502 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA XC536 UT WOS:A1997XC53600004 PM 9180597 ER PT J AU Obaldia, N Rossan, RN Cooper, RD Kyle, DE Nuzum, EO Rieckmann, KH Shanks, GD AF Obaldia, N Rossan, RN Cooper, RD Kyle, DE Nuzum, EO Rieckmann, KH Shanks, GD TI WR 238605, chloroquine, and their combinations as blood schizonticides against a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium vivax in Aotus monkeys SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID EFFICACY; MALARIA AB The compound WR 238605 is a primaquine analog being developed by the U.S. Army as an antimalarial drug. Currently, there is no established treatment for Plasmodium vivax parasitemias that are not cured by chloroquine. This study tested WR 238605, chloroquine, and their combinations against a chloroquine-resistant strain of P. vivax (AMRU 1) in Aotus monkeys. A total dose of 3 mg/kg of WR 238605 given at a dosage of 1 mg/kg/day for three days cleared patent parasites in all eight monkeys but recrudescence of parasitemia occurred 15-25 days after initiation of treatment. A total dose of 9 mg/kg of WR 238605 over a three-day period cured all three monkeys of their infections. A total dose of 30 mg/kg of chloroquine did not clear patent infections in three monkeys, whereas a total dose of 60 mg/kg generally (two of three) cleared patent parasitemia but did not cure. Whereas total doses of 30 mg/kg of chloroquine or 3 mg/kg of WR 238605 given alone failed to cure, both drugs given in combination at these dosages cured two of three infections. These results indicate that WR 238605 may be an alternative treatment for chloroquine-resistant vivax malaria. C1 PROMED TRADING SA,PANAMA CITY,PANAMA. UNIV SYDNEY,AUSTR ARMY MALARIA RES UNIT,SYDNEY,NSW 2006,AUSTRALIA. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV EXPT THERAPEUT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RI Obaldia, Nicanor/O-8460-2015; Shanks, George Dennis/F-4056-2014; OI Shanks, George Dennis/0000-0001-5763-8660; Obaldia, Nicanor/0000-0002-3711-9449 NR 10 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 56 IS 5 BP 508 EP 510 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA XC536 UT WOS:A1997XC53600006 PM 9180599 ER PT J AU Nosten, F Luxemburger, C Kyle, DE Gordon, DM Ballou, WR Sadoff, JC Brockman, A Permpanich, B Chongsuphajaisiddhi, T Heppner, DG AF Nosten, F Luxemburger, C Kyle, DE Gordon, DM Ballou, WR Sadoff, JC Brockman, A Permpanich, B Chongsuphajaisiddhi, T Heppner, DG TI Phase I trial of the SPF66 malaria vaccine in a malaria-experienced population in Southeast Asia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; SYNTHETIC VACCINE; GAMBIAN INFANTS; FIELD TRIAL; IMMUNOGENICITY; SAFETY; EFFICACY; INFECTION; CHILDREN AB In preparation for a recently reported, independent field trial of SPf66 malaria vaccine efficacy in Thailand, we first established the safety and immunogenicity of two clinical lots of U.S. manufactured lots of SPf66 in a series of overlapping Phase I studies. The vaccine was produced in approved laboratories using good manufacturing practices. Two clinical lots of alum-adsorbed SPf66 were evaluated in a combined, open-label, Phase I clinical trial involving 50 healthy, malaria-experienced Karen adults and children. Volunteers were grouped by age and immunized sequentially. Group 1 had 30 adults, Group 2 had 10 children 8-15 years of age, and Group 3 had 10 children 2-6 years of age. The SPf66 vaccine was well tolerated in this malaria-experienced population. The most common side effects were erythema, induration, warmth, and tenderness at the site of injection, which typically resolved within 24-48 hr. One adult volunteer developed an acute urticarial rash following the third dose. Among adults, and to a lesser extent older children, females had more local reactions than their male counterparts. Seroconversion to SPf66 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay occurred in 76% of volunteers receiving two or three doses. This vaccine was safe and immunogenic in malaria-experienced Karen adults and children. This study establishes the comparability of U.S.-manufactured SPf66 with that of Colombian origin, and is important for interpreting the efficacy results of U.S.-manufactured SPf66 in the same study population. C1 ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,DEPT IMMUNOL & MED,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. MAHIDOL UNIV,HOSP TROP DIS,BANGKOK 10700,THAILAND. JOHN RADCLIFFE HOSP,NUFFIELD DEPT CLIN MED,OXFORD OX3 9DU,ENGLAND. SHOKLO MALARIA RES UNIT,MAE SOT 63110,THAILAND. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT IMMUNOL,DIV COMMUNICABLE DIS & IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. OI Nosten, Francois/0000-0002-7951-0745 NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 56 IS 5 BP 526 EP 532 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA XC536 UT WOS:A1997XC53600010 PM 9180603 ER PT J AU McClain, DJ Summers, PL Pratt, WD Davis, KJ Jennings, GB AF McClain, DJ Summers, PL Pratt, WD Davis, KJ Jennings, GB TI Experimental infection of nonhuman primates with sandfly fever virus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Due to the lack of an animal model, previous studies of sandfly fever have relied upon human challenge trials. We examined the infectivity and potential pathogenicity of sandfly fever virus in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Three different preparations of sandfly fever virus, Sicilian strain, and a placebo were compared by different routes of administration. The most notable postchallenge clinical event was a decrease in lymphocytes in the intramuscularly challenged monkeys. Plaque-reduction neutralization responses peaked earlier in animals challenged intravenously as compared with those in animals challenged intramuscularly. There was no evidence for neurotropism or meningeal inflammation. Sandfly fever virus was infectious for cynomolgus monkeys, but produced no detectable clinical disease that might serve as a marker for animal modeling studies. On the other hand, the preclinical data provide supportive evidence for safe parenteral administration of a Sicilian strain of sandfly fever virus inoculum to humans as a challenge model for sandfly fever disease. C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV PATHOL,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. RP McClain, DJ (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV VIROL,FT DETRICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 56 IS 5 BP 554 EP 560 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA XC536 UT WOS:A1997XC53600014 PM 9180607 ER PT J AU Waddell, BE Calton, WC Steinberg, SR Martindale, RG AF Waddell, BE Calton, WC Steinberg, SR Martindale, RG TI The adverse effects of octreotide on wound healing in rats SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article ID SOMATOSTATIN ANALOG; REGENERATION AB Octreotide acetate is a long-acting somatostatin analogue with protean physiologic effects. It is used primarily as an inhibitory paracrine hormone to treat a variety of medical and surgical disorders, including endocrine tumors and several gastrointestinal hypersecretory states. Because of octreotide's known inhibition of multiple trophic and anabolic hormones, we suspected that it may have deleterious effects on wound healing. Twenty-four rats were randomized to one of three groups: control, steroid (a negative control), or octreotide. Dorsal midline incisions were made and closed primarily. Wound-breaking strength measurements were performed 7 days later. The mean peak load (+/- standard error of the mean) for each group was calculated: control = 754 +/- 89 g; steroid = 378 +/- 32 g; and octreotide = 427 +/- 41 g. The difference between the control group and each of the other groups was statistically significant with P < 0.030. We conclude that octreotide has significant adverse effects on wound healing in the rat model and that these effects are comparable in magnitude to those caused by steroids. C1 DWIGHT D EISENHOWER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,FT GORDON,GA. MED COLL GEORGIA,DEPT SURG,AUGUSTA,GA 30912. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 1776 PEACHTREE RD, NW., SUITE 410N, ATLANTA, GA 30309-2352 SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 63 IS 5 BP 446 EP 449 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA WV794 UT WOS:A1997WV79400017 PM 9128235 ER PT J AU Brown, AE Robb, M McCutchan, F AF Brown, AE Robb, M McCutchan, F TI Polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of HIV infection SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 HENRY M JACKSON FDN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. RP Brown, AE (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 2 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAY 1 PY 1997 VL 126 IS 9 BP 739 EP 739 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WW147 UT WOS:A1997WW14700015 PM 9139565 ER PT J AU Zhang, YZ Sundaram, ST Sharma, A Brodman, BW AF Zhang, YZ Sundaram, ST Sharma, A Brodman, BW TI Biodegradation of glyceryl trinitrate by Penicillium corylophilum Dierckx SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENTEROBACTER-AGGLOMERANS; NITRATE ESTERS; BIOCONVERSION; DEGRADATION AB Penicillium corylophilum Dierckx, isolated from a contaminated water met, double-base propellant, was able to completely degrade glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) in a buffered medium (pH 7.0) containing glucose and ammonium nitrate. In the presence of 12 mg of initial fungal inoculum, GTN (48.5 to 61.6 mu mol) was quantitatively transformed in a stepwise process to glyceryl dinitrate (GDN) and glyceryl mononitrate (GMN) within 48 h followed by a decrease in the GDN content with a concomitant increase in the GMN level. GDN was totally transformed to GMN within 168 h, and the complete degradation of GMN was achieved within 336 h. The presence of glucose and ammonium nitrate in the growth medium was essential for completion of the degradation of GTN and its metabolites. Complete degradation of GTN by a fungal culture has not been previously reported in the literature. C1 USA,ARMAMENTS RES DEV & ENGN CTR,PICATINNY ARSENAL,NJ 07806. GEOCENTERS INC,LAKE HOPATCONG,NJ 07849. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 63 IS 5 BP 1712 EP 1714 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA WX361 UT WOS:A1997WX36100012 PM 9143106 ER PT J AU Tuminello, PS Arakawa, ET Khare, BN Wrobel, JM Querry, MR Milham, ME AF Tuminello, PS Arakawa, ET Khare, BN Wrobel, JM Querry, MR Milham, ME TI Optical properties of Bacillus subtilis spores from 0.2 to 2.5 mu m SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE optical constants; bacterial spores; index of refraction; extinction coefficient; thin films; suspension ID STEADY-STATE; DECAY CHARACTERISTICS; INTERSTELLAR GRAINS; FLUORESCENCE; ULTRAVIOLET; PARTICLES; BACTERIA; SPECTRA AB Ne have used spectral reflectance and transmittance measurements combined with Kramers-Kronig analyses to obtain the red (n) and imaginary (k) parts of the complex refractive index, N = n + ik, of Bacillus subtilis spores over a wavelength interval from 0.2 to 2.5 mu m. Samples were in the form of thin solid films, pressed pellets, and suspensions in water and glycerol. The optical constants of spores suspended in water were found to differ from those of spores suspended in glycerol. In addition, spores previously exposed to water in earlier experiments and subsequently dried exhibited different optical constants from spores that had not been exposed to water. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 CORNELL UNIV,PLANETARY STUDIES LAB,ITHACA,NY 14853. UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT PHYS,KANSAS CITY,MO 64110. USA,MCCOM,EDGEWOOD RES DEV & ENGN CTR,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. RP Tuminello, PS (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 23 TC 60 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 1 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 13 BP 2818 EP 2824 DI 10.1364/AO.36.002818 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA WX242 UT WOS:A1997WX24200014 PM 18253278 ER PT J AU McNesby, KL Daniels, RG Miziolek, AW Modiano, SH AF McNesby, KL Daniels, RG Miziolek, AW Modiano, SH TI Optical measurement of toxic gases produced during firefighting using Halons SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Halon; flame inhibition; toxic gas production; HF; CF2O ID BAND AB Several optical techniques (FT-TR emission and absorption spectroscopy;, mid- and near-infrared tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy) have been used to measure toxic gases produced during inhibition of flames by halogenated hydrocarbons (Halons). Fire types studied include low-pressure premixed flames, counterflow diffusion atmospheric-pressure flames, open-air JP-8 (turbine fuel) fires, and confined JP-8 fires, Spectra are presented and analyzed for these fires inhibited by CF3Br (Halon 1301) and C3F7H (FM-200). For low-pressure premixed flames, spectra are presented which show production of the CF3 radical in methane/oxygen/Ar flames inhibited by CF3Br. For large-scale fire testing, it is shown that the type and amount of toxic gases produced during fire inhibition are highly dependent on fire conditions and temperatures and that some species not considered important (CF2O) are often produced in significant amounts, Finally, it is shown that HF production, during inhibition of vehicle fires using FM-200, is highly dependent on time to suppression. C1 ABERDEEN TEST CTR,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005. RP McNesby, KL (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005, USA. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 51 IS 5 BP 678 EP 683 DI 10.1366/0003702971940819 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA XB789 UT WOS:A1997XB78900012 ER PT J AU Dinkel, TA Ward, TP Frey, DM Hollifield, RD AF Dinkel, TA Ward, TP Frey, DM Hollifield, RD TI Dissection along the optic nerve axis by a BB SO ARCHIVES OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PENETRATING OCULAR INJURIES AB A 13-year-old Hispanic boy suffered a perforating injury to his right eye from a BE. The clinical examination and computed tomographic scan revealed questionable light perception and a dense foreign body, consistent with a BE, situated behind the globe. A vitrectomy was performed that was unsuccessful. Six months later the eye was enucleated, and the BE was found to be within the optic nerve sheath. Foreign bodies within the optic nerve are uncommon. The foreign body in this case, a BE, entered the optic nerve through the nerve head after traversing the globe. The histopathologic findings in this unusual case are presented herein. C1 LYSTER ARMY HOSP,OPHTHALMOL SERV,FT RUCKER,AL. RP Dinkel, TA (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,OPHTHALMOL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9950 J9 ARCH OPHTHALMOL-CHIC JI Arch. Ophthalmol. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 115 IS 5 BP 673 EP 675 PG 3 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA WY804 UT WOS:A1997WY80400023 PM 9152140 ER PT J AU Bijur, PE Horodyski, M Egerton, W Kurzon, M Lifrak, S Friedman, S AF Bijur, PE Horodyski, M Egerton, W Kurzon, M Lifrak, S Friedman, S TI Comparison of injury during cadet basic training by gender SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MODERATOR VARIABLES; COPING SKILLS; LIFE STRESS; CHILDHOOD; PROGRAM; WOMEN AB Objectives: To describe the rate and distribution of injuries during basic training in male and female cadets and to assess the contribution of pretraining conditioning and height to the male-female differential in injuries. Design: Cohort study. Setting: The US Military Academy, West Point, NY. Participants: A total of 558 cadets from the class of 1995 at the US Military Academy. Main Outcome Measures: The rate of injuries resulting in 1 or more days excused from physical activities per 100 cadets and the rate of injuries resulting in hospitalization of 1 night or longer per 100 cadets. Results: Women had 2.5 times the rate of injuries as men and 3.9 times the rate of injuries resulting in hospitalization. Women had significantly more stress fractures and stress reactions than men. The median number of days excused from physical activities for women's injuries was significantly higher than that from men's injuries. Pretraining conditioning, measured by performance on a 2-mile (3.2-km) run, accounted for approximately half the difference in rates of injuries between men and women; differences in height among men and women did not account for differences in injury rates. Conclusions: The women had a higher risk for injury during military training than men. Increased pretraining conditioning may substantially decrease the risk for injury. C1 UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT EXERCISE & SPORT SCI,GAINESVILLE,FL. US MIL ACAD,USAMEDDAC,W POINT,NY 10996. MONTEFIORE MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,BRONX,NY 10467. RP Bijur, PE (reprint author), YESHIVA UNIV ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,ROSE F KENNEDY CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,ROOM 920,1410 PELHAM PKWY S,BRONX,NY 10461, USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [R01-HD30850, R01-HD25416] NR 19 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 151 IS 5 BP 456 EP 461 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA WY810 UT WOS:A1997WY81000004 PM 9158436 ER PT J AU Kovacs, B Patel, A Hershey, JN Dennis, GJ Kirschfink, M Tsokos, GC AF Kovacs, B Patel, A Hershey, JN Dennis, GJ Kirschfink, M Tsokos, GC TI Antibodies against p53 in sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and other rheumatic diseases SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN; CONFORMATION C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Kovacs, B (reprint author), UNIV HEIDELBERG,BERGHEIMER STR 58,HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. NR 15 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 40 IS 5 BP 980 EP 982 DI 10.1002/art.1780400531 PG 3 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA WX862 UT WOS:A1997WX86200029 PM 9153564 ER PT J AU Montain, SJ Shippee, RL Tharion, WJ AF Montain, SJ Shippee, RL Tharion, WJ TI Carbohydrate-electrolyte solution effects on physical performance of military tasks SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID EXERCISE PERFORMANCE; WATER; HEAT AB Background: Physical performance of military tasks can deteriorate during field training. Hypothesis: Drinking a carbohydrate-electrolyte (CHO-E) beverage during military relevant training would improve fluid and caloric intake, and better sustain physical performance. Methods Some 27 Volunteers restricted to similar to 2600 kcal.d(-1) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: CHO-E, placebo, or water. Fluid intake was ad libitum. The volunteers completed 3 d of field training in hot humid conditions (30 degrees C, 60% rh). Training days 1 and 2 each included a 16-21 km march over hilly terrain, marksmanship training, and 2 h of rock climbing. Day 3 included a 14.5 km march followed by marksmanship tests, a timed rock climb and a 0.7 km uphill (21% grade) run. Results. The CHO-E beverage provided an additional similar to 2800 kcal (p<0.05) for the 3 d of training. There were no differences (ANOVA, p>0.05) between the groups' absolute or changes from pre-training values for fluid intake, body weight, climb time, run time, marksmanship, or mood. Those drinking CHO-E were, however, more likely to maintain uphill run performance after training (chi(2) = 7.2; p<0.05) and more likely to maintain both uphill run and marksmanship ability (chi(2) = 1.7.2: p<0.05). There was also an inverse relationship between caloric intake and deterioration of uphill run performance [r = -0.75; p<0.05). Conclusions: Persons drinking CHO-E or practicing good food discipline are more likely to sustain physical performance than those eating only a portion of their food. CHO-E provides an accessible source of calories which can be advantageous when limited food is available or inadaquate food consumption is likely. C1 GEOCENTERS INC,NATICK,MA. RP Montain, SJ (reprint author), USA,ENVIRONM MED RES INST,THERMAL & MT MED DIV,5 KANSAS ST,NATICK,MA 01760, USA. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 68 IS 5 BP 384 EP 391 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA WX138 UT WOS:A1997WX13800005 PM 9143747 ER PT J AU Blair, PJ Riley, JL Carroll, RG StLouis, DC Levine, BL Saha, B Lee, KP Perrin, PJ Harlan, DM June, CH AF Blair, PJ Riley, JL Carroll, RG StLouis, DC Levine, BL Saha, B Lee, KP Perrin, PJ Harlan, DM June, CH TI CD28 co-receptor signal transduction in T-cell activation SO BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 660th Meeting Biochemical-Society / British-Society-Immunology CY DEC 10-13, 1996 CL HARROGATE, ENGLAND SP Biochem Soc, Brit Soc Immunol ID HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES-T; TRANSGENIC MICE; HIV-1 INFECTION; CTLA-4; APOPTOSIS; ANTIGEN; COSTIMULATION; REPLICATION; DEATH; GENE C1 HENRY M JACKSON FDN ADVANCEMENT MIL MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DIV RETROVIROL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MOL & CELL BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP Blair, PJ (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,1809 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20814, USA. RI Levine, Bruce/D-1688-2009; OI Riley, James/0000-0002-1057-576X NR 59 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON, ENGLAND W1N 3AJ SN 0300-5127 J9 BIOCHEM SOC T JI Biochem. Soc. Trans. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 25 IS 2 BP 651 EP 657 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA XB637 UT WOS:A1997XB63700060 PM 9191174 ER PT J AU Grodowitz, MJ Center, TD Cofrancesco, AF Freedman, JE AF Grodowitz, MJ Center, TD Cofrancesco, AF Freedman, JE TI Release and establishment of Hydrellia balciunasi (Diptera: Ephydridae) for the biological control of the submersed aquatic plant Hydrilla verticillata (Hydrocharitaceae) in the United States SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE aquatic weed; Insecta; aquatic plant; insect releases; classical biological control; submerged weed ID HOST RANGE AB The Australian leaf-mining fly, Hydrellia balciunasi, was first released as a biological control agent for the management of the submersed aquatic plant, Hydrilla verticillata in August 1989 in southern Florida. Since then, 284,684 individuals have been released at seven Florida and four Texas sites. Despite this effort, populations have persisted at just two Texas sites: Sheldon Reservoir near Houston and Lake Raven in Huntsville State Park. H. balciunasi levels have remained relatively low at these sites, averaging, at best, less than 1000 immatures/kg wet plant weight. All other collections were substantially lower. Reasons for poor establishment are unknown but probably relate to a complex of factors, including competition with another introduced leaf-mining species, parasitism by native wasps, poor host quality, genetic differences between Australian and United States hydrilla resulting in mismatched physiological strains of agent and host plant, and possibly inbreeding depression in laboratory colonies used for releases. (C) 1997 Academic Press. RP Grodowitz, MJ (reprint author), USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 18 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD MAY PY 1997 VL 9 IS 1 BP 15 EP 23 DI 10.1006/bcon.1997.0513 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA WY259 UT WOS:A1997WY25900003 ER PT J AU Eaton, FD Hines, JR Hatch, WH Cionco, RM Byers, J Garvey, D Miller, DR AF Eaton, FD Hines, JR Hatch, WH Cionco, RM Byers, J Garvey, D Miller, DR TI Solar eclipse effects observed in the planetary boundary layer over a desert SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE solar eclipse; desert boundary layer; turbulent fluxes; surface heat exchange; Kelvin-Helmholtz instability ID SANDS-MISSILE-RANGE; WHITE-SANDS; NEW-MEXICO; GRAVITY-WAVES; VHF RADAR; TURBULENCE AB Boundary-layer meteorological measurements were made before, during, and after the May 10, 1994 partial (94%) solar eclipse over the desert at the Atmospheric Profiler Research Facility at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico, U.S.A. A large number of sensors were located in the middle of the Tularosa Basin to measure mean and turbulent quantities and the refractive index structure parameter (C-n(2)). This event permitted a rare opportunity to measure, examine, and document the effects upon the atmospheric boundary layer of a sudden cut-off and subsequent turn-on of the sun's radiant energy. At the peak of the eclipse, which occurred for more than three hours, all of the heat exchange parameters were affected, the turbulent processes were diminished, and the refractive index structure parameter decreased dramatically. A time-height display from the FM-CW radar shows a Kelvin-Helmholtz wave that developed during the eclipse. The results of several analyses are presented to document and characterize the eclipse-modified boundary layer. C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT,STORRS,CT. RP Eaton, FD (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,BATTLEFIELD ENVIRONM DIRECTORATE,WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE,NM 88002, USA. NR 24 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 83 IS 2 BP 331 EP 346 DI 10.1023/A:1000219210055 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XG899 UT WOS:A1997XG89900007 ER PT J AU Sfikakis, PP Tsokos, GC AF Sfikakis, PP Tsokos, GC TI Clinical use of the measurement of soluble cell adhesion molecules in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; KAWASAKI-DISEASE; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; E-SELECTIN; ARTHRITIS; EXPRESSION; SCLEROSIS; SERUM; SCLERODERMA; VASCULITIS C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT CLIN PHYSIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIV ATHENS,SCH MED,DEPT PROPAEDEUT MED 1,GR-11527 ATHENS,GREECE. NR 50 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 4 IS 3 BP 241 EP 246 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA WX249 UT WOS:A1997WX24900001 PM 9144356 ER PT J AU Baqar, S ElDin, AAMN Scott, DA Bourgeois, AL Mourad, AS Kleinosky, MT Oplinger, MJ Murphy, JR AF Baqar, S ElDin, AAMN Scott, DA Bourgeois, AL Mourad, AS Kleinosky, MT Oplinger, MJ Murphy, JR TI Standardization of measurement of immunoglobulin-secreting cells in human peripheral circulation SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MUCOSAL IMMUNE-SYSTEM; ORAL IMMUNIZATION; BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES; SHIGELLA-SONNEI; ACUTE DIARRHEA; B SUBUNIT; VACCINE; INFECTION; IMMUNOGENICITY; RESPONSES AB A sensitive, and at times the most sensitive, measurement of human vaccine immunogenicity is enumeration of antibody-secreting cells (ASC) in peripheral blood. However, this assay, which is inherently capable of measurement of the absolute number of antigen-specific ASC, is not standardized, Thus, quantitative comparison of results between laboratories is not currently possible, To address this issue, isotype-specific ASC were enumerated from paired fresh and cryopreserved mononuclear cell (MNC) preparations from healthy adult volunteers resident in either the United States (US group) or Egypt (EG group). Analysis of fresh cells from US volunteers revealed mean numbers of ASC per 10(6) MNC of 617, 7,738, and 868 for immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG, and IgA, respectively, whereas EG volunteers had 2,086, 7,580, and 1,677 ASC/10(6) MNC for the respective isotypes. Cryopreservation resulted in a slight reduction in group mean IgM, IgG, and IgA ASC (maximum reduction in group mean, 14%), but in no instance were results obtained with cryopreserved cells significantly lower than those obtained with fresh cells. To determine if cryopreservation affected the number of bacterial antigen-specific ASC detected, cells from a group of US adult volunteers who received a single oral dose of a mutated Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LTR192G) were tested, There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the number of antigen-specific IgA or IgG ASC detected between fresh and cryopreserved MNC. The results support the views that ASC assays can be standardized to yield quantitative results and that the methodology can be changed to make the test more practical. C1 UNIV TEXAS,SCH MED,CTR INFECT DIS,HLTH SCI CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77225. USN,MED RES INST,DEPT INFECT DIS,BETHESDA,MD. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,FREDERICK,MD. UNIV ALEXANDRIA,DEPT BACTERIOL,ALEXANDRIA,EGYPT. USN,MED RES UNIT 3,CAIRO,EGYPT. UNIV TEXAS,SCH PUBL HLTH,HOUSTON,TX 77225. UNIV TEXAS,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,DIV INFECT DIS,HOUSTON,TX. NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 4 IS 3 BP 375 EP 379 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA WX249 UT WOS:A1997WX24900025 PM 9144380 ER PT J AU Smith, KJ Skelton, HG Yeager, J Ledsky, R Ng, TH Wagner, KF AF Smith, KJ Skelton, HG Yeager, J Ledsky, R Ng, TH Wagner, KF TI Increased drug reactions in HIV-1-positive patients: a possible explanation based on patterns of immune dysregulation seen in HIV-1 disease SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; PNEUMOCYSTIS-CARINII PNEUMONIA; BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS; TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; HEPATIC CYTOCHROME-P-450; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; INFECTION; HYPERSENSITIVITY; DESENSITIZATION; CELLS AB Drug reactions are common in HIV-1 disease, with the incidence having been reported to increase with increasing stage and with CD4+ T-cell counts below 200/mu l. However, there have been numerous reports of patients in which rechallenge, dosing changes or continued therapy have resulted in no recurrence or else clearing of the eruption. We followed 974 HIV-1-positive patients for 46 months as a part of a military study of HIV-1 disease. Within this group there were a total of 283 drug eruptions, with cutaneous manifestations in 201 patients in which clinical characteristics were noted and 86 patients in which cutaneous biopsies were performed. Serological evidence of reactivation or acute Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) or cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections were also noted, as well as peripheral eosinophilia. The incidence of drug eruptions significantly increased with increasing Walter Reed stage and decreasing CD4 counts and CD4/CD8 ratio, as well as with increasing age and in patients with increased numbers of other dermatological diagnoses. In addition, white patients had significantly more drug eruptions than did black. Serological or culture evidence of acute or reactivated EBV or CMV was significantly increased in patients with drug eruptions. The majority of the eruptions were maculopapular or morbilliform with a predominantly perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrate. C1 NATL NAVAL MED CTR, DERMATOL SERV, BETHESDA, MD USA. HENRY M JACKSON FDN, ROCKVILLE, MD USA. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20306 USA. RP Smith, KJ (reprint author), USA, MED RES INST CHEM DEF, ABERDEEN, MD 21010 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [YO1AR00014, YO1AR90008] NR 44 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0NE SN 0307-6938 J9 CLIN EXP DERMATOL JI Clin. Exp. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 22 IS 3 BP 118 EP 123 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2230.1997.2130642.x PG 6 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA YC100 UT WOS:A1997YC10000002 PM 9425690 ER PT J AU Villahermosa, LG Abalos, RM Walsh, DS Fajardo, TT Walsh, GP AF Villahermosa, LG Abalos, RM Walsh, DS Fajardo, TT Walsh, GP TI Recombinant interleukin-2 in lepromatous leprosy lesions: immunological and microbiological consequences SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CELL-MEDIATED-IMMUNITY; MYCOBACTERIUM-LEPRAE; RESPONSES; SKIN; TUBERCULIN; INTERFERON; PRODUCTS AB Seven patients with lepromatous leprosy (LL) were inoculated with recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) at 5 lesional sites on the back, four sites receiving one dose of 10 mu g and biopsy specimens being obtained on 4 consecutive days after the injection. At the 5th site, rIL-2 was instead administered over several days, three patients receiving a total dose of 40 mu g and 4 patients 150 mu g, while biopsy specimens from this site were obtained 7, 14 and 21 days after the first injection. Most injection sites developed features of a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction, namely erythema and induration at the injection site, infiltrates rich in T helper cells, monocytes, and Langerhans cells, and at sites receiving higher doses, multinucleated Langhans giant cells and epithelioid granulomas. In some patients, there were favourable shifts in histological classification or small changes in bacterial load. Low doses of rIL-2 injected into LL lesions rapidly enhance cellular immunity and may alter the histological classification or bacterial load at the injection site. C1 AMER LEPROSY FDN,LEONARD WOOD MEM CTR LEPROSY RES,CEBU,PHILIPPINES. ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,USA MED COMPONENT,DEPT IMMUNOL,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0NE SN 0307-6938 J9 CLIN EXP DERMATOL JI Clin. Exp. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 22 IS 3 BP 134 EP 140 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2230.1997.2100631.x PG 7 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA YC100 UT WOS:A1997YC10000005 PM 9425693 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Loveland, JE Sitz, KV Kim, SR McLinden, RJ Tencer, K Davis, K Burke, DS Boswell, RN Redfield, RR Birx, DL AF Kim, JH Loveland, JE Sitz, KV Kim, SR McLinden, RJ Tencer, K Davis, K Burke, DS Boswell, RN Redfield, RR Birx, DL TI Expansion of restricted cellular immune responses to HIV-1 envelope by vaccination: IL-7 and IL-12 differentially augment cellular proliferative responses to HIV-1 SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE IL-7; IL-12; HIV-12; T cell ID ANTIGEN-INDUCIBLE EXPRESSION; VIRUS-INFECTED PATIENTS; HTLV-III/LAV INFECTION; T-CELLS; TYPE-1 INFECTION; GROWTH-FACTOR; INTERLEUKIN-12; DISEASE; AIDS; INDIVIDUALS AB The failure of immune effector mechanisms to control HIV-1 infection has important consequences for the human host. In a randomized cohort of HIV-infected patients, there was striking in vitro restriction of the proliferative response to HIV-1 envelope protein (Env), gp160; 34% of patients recognized Env. Therapeutic vaccination with recombinant gp160 (rgp160, rgp120) reversed the restriction in vitro, with Env recognition rising to 81%. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from HIV-infected vaccine recipients, and seronegative volunteers were cultured with exogeneous IL-7 or IL-12 and either tetanus toxoid (TT) or gp160. IL-7 significantly augmented proliferative responses to TT and gp160, whereas IL-12 only affected proliferation to gp160. IL-7, but not IL-12, increased the number of HIV-infected placebo recipients who recognized rgp160. IL-12 had its greatest effect in the induction of rgp160-specific responses from seronegative individuals. The data suggest that these two cytokines have differential activity in the relief of restricted cellular immunity to Env; the predominant effect of IL-7 is in individuals who have been primed by exposure to antigen, while the effect of IL-12 is most evident in seronegative, unprimed individuals. Modification of restricted proliferative responses to Env by vaccination or cytokines in vitro suggests that strategies incorporating IL-7 or IL-12 as adjuvants may selectively boost cellular reactivity to HIV-1. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. HENRY M JACKSON FDN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. RP Kim, JH (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,INST HUMAN VIROL,BIOTECHNOL INST,725 W LOMBARD ST,BALTIMORE,MD 21201, USA. OI /0000-0002-5704-8094 NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0NE SN 0009-9104 J9 CLIN EXP IMMUNOL JI Clin. Exp. Immunol. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 108 IS 2 BP 243 EP 250 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1997.d01-1006.x PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA WY467 UT WOS:A1997WY46700009 PM 9158092 ER PT J AU Tolcher, AW OShaughnessy, JA Weiss, RB Zujewski, J Myhand, RC Schneider, E Hakim, F Gress, R Goldspiel, B Noone, MH Brewster, LR Gossard, MR Cowan, KH AF Tolcher, AW OShaughnessy, JA Weiss, RB Zujewski, J Myhand, RC Schneider, E Hakim, F Gress, R Goldspiel, B Noone, MH Brewster, LR Gossard, MR Cowan, KH TI A Phase I study of topotecan followed sequentially by doxorubicin in patients with advanced malignancies SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DNA TOPOISOMERASE-I; LEUKEMIA GROUP-B; CYTO-TOXICITY; CELL-LINE; CANCER; CAMPTOTHECIN; INHIBITOR; TUMORS AB Inhibitors of topoisomerase I and topoisomerase II have demonstrated synergy when administered sequentially in several tumor models while having a diminished antitumor effect when given concurrently, To explore the potential for clinical sequence-dependent synergy, we instituted a Phase I study of topotecan (a topoisomerase I inhibitor) followed by doxorubicin (a topoisomerase II inhibitor) in patients with advanced malignancies, Thirty-three patients with advanced malignancies or malignancies for whom no standard therapy exists were entered into the study, Topotecan was administered in escalating doses by 72-h continuous infusion on days 1, 2, and 3, followed by a bolus of doxorubicin given on day 5, To explore the hematological toxicity associated with this sequence, bone marrow aspirates were obtained both prior to the topotecan infusion and immediately prior to the doxorubicin in 10 patients to determine by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis whether CD34+ cell synchronization was occurring using this sequential schedule, Dose-limiting hematological toxicity occurred at the first dose-level in three of six patients, Therefore, we defined the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) below our starting dose-level, Further dose-escalation and a new MTD were defined with the addition of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), The MTD was, therefore, topotecan 0.35 mg/m(2)/day continuous i,v, infusion on days 1, 2, and 3, followed by doxorubicin 45 mg/m(2) on day 5 without G-CSF, whereas the MTD with G-CSF was topotecan 0.75 mg/m(2)/day by 72-h continuous i,v, infusion, followed by doxorubicin 45 mg/m(2) i,v, bolus on day 5, Ten patients with paired bone marrow aspirates obtained before topotecan and before doxorubicin administrations were available for evaluation, In 7 of 10 patients, there was an increase (16.6 +/- 2.9% to 25.0 +/- 3.5%; P < 0.02) in the proportion of CD34+ cells in S-phase 24 h after the topotecan infusion and prior to doxorubicin compared to the pretreatment values, whereas 1 patient had a decrease in the proportion of CD34+ cells in S phase and 2 patients had no change, Topotecan and doxorubicin with this sequence and schedule can be given safely; the dose-limiting toxicity is hematological toxicity. Alterations in the fraction of hematopoietic progenitor CD34+ cells in S-phase may account for the increased granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia observed at relatively low dose levels of the combination with and without G-CSF. C1 NCI,MED BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NIH,CTR CLIN,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 22 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 3 IS 5 BP 755 EP 760 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA WY371 UT WOS:A1997WY37100015 PM 9815746 ER PT J AU Tighe, JF Steiman, DM Vernalis, MN Taylor, AJ AF Tighe, JF Steiman, DM Vernalis, MN Taylor, AJ TI Observer bias in the interpretation of dobutamine stress echocardiography SO CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dobutamine stress echocardiography; coronary artery disease; ST-segment changes; interpreter bias ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; PERFUSION SCINTIGRAPHY; MYOCARDIAL-ISCHEMIA; EXERCISE; PROBABILITY; ACCURATE AB Background and hypothesis: Blinded image analysis is typically utilized in published studies evaluating the accuracy of dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE). However, in clinical settings, practical considerations may limit the use of blinded interpretations and thus the potential for observer bias arises. This study evaluated the relationships between clinical and blinded interpretations of DSE. Methods: Wall motion analysis from clinical and blinded DSE interpretations were compared and factors associated with their concordance were investigated in 115 consecutive patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. Results: Clinical and blinded interpretations agreed on the presence or absence of inducible ischemia in 102 of 115 cases (88.7%; kappa = 0.76, p < 0.00001). In studies in which the clinical and blinded interpretations were in agreement, there was greater ST-segment depression (STD) in echocardiographically positive compared with negative studies (mean STD 0.73 +/- 0.65 vs. 0.42 +/- 0.67 mm; p = 0.008). In contrast, studies in which there was disagreement had significantly less ST-seg ment changes (mean STD 0.19 +/- 0.56 mm; p = 0.012) despite comparable results an blinded wall motion analysis. Multiple logistic regression for factors related to the results of clinical and blinded wall motion analysis disclosed that angina pectoris and ST-segment changes were related to clinical interpretations, whereas only angina pectoris was related to the findings on blinded analysis. Conclusions: Clinical interpretations of echocardiographic images during DSE overall demonstrate good agreement with the results of blinded analysis. Ancillary testing data may influence the analysis of wall motion abnormalities, and thus the potential for observer bias exists unless these interpretations are performed blinded to other clinical data. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,SERV CARDIOL,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY PUBL CO PI MAHWAH PA PO BOX 832, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-0832 SN 0160-9289 J9 CLIN CARDIOL JI Clin. Cardiol. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 20 IS 5 BP 449 EP 454 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA WW867 UT WOS:A1997WW86700008 PM 9134276 ER PT J AU Plemmons, RM McAllister, CK Garces, MC Ward, RL AF Plemmons, RM McAllister, CK Garces, MC Ward, RL TI Osteomyelitis due to Mycobacterium haemophilum in a cardiac transplant patient: Case report and analysis of interactions among clarithromycin, rifampin, and cyclosporine SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America CY SEP 16-20, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Infect Dis Soc Amer ID RIFABUTIN; INFECTION AB We describe a case of osteomyelitis due to Mycobacterium haemophilum in a cardiac transplant recipient and review the two other reported cases of M. haemophilum infection in cardiac transplant patients. Our patient had an excellent response to a prolonged course of therapy with clarithromycin and rifampin. We examine in detail the interactions between these two antibiotics and cyclosporine, including the apparently offsetting effects of clarithromycin/rifampin combination therapy on blood levels of cyclosporine. C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,AREA LAB SERV,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,NUCL MED SERV,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. RP Plemmons, RM (reprint author), USA,MED CORPS,INFECT DIS SERV,BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 11 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 24 IS 5 BP 995 EP 997 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA WX257 UT WOS:A1997WX25700045 PM 9142810 ER PT J AU Wilairatana, P Looareesuwan, S Walsh, DS AF Wilairatana, P Looareesuwan, S Walsh, DS TI Chemotherapy of cerebral malaria - Current recommendations for treatment and prophylaxis SO CNS DRUGS LA English DT Review ID SEVERE FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; CELL-ADHESION MOLECULE-1; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; AFRICAN CHILDREN; MALAWIAN CHILDREN; GAMBIAN CHILDREN; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; PHARMACODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; ARTEMISININ SUPPOSITORIES AB Cerebral malaria is a potentially fatal manifestation of 'severe' malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. It is an especially important problem for African children because it is a major cause of death due to malaria. The pathophysiology of cerebral disease is characterised by complex host-parasite interactions. Optimal management of cerebral malaria is also complex, requiring accurate diagnosis, prompt treatment with one of the few remaining effective antimalarial drugs, and recognition that cerebral disease is frequently accompanied by other major organ dysfunction requiring additional care. Three classes of antimalarial drugs are useful for cerebral malaria: the 4-aminoquinolines (chloroquine), the cinchona alkaloids (quinine, quinidine) and the artemisinin compounds (artesunate, artemether). Chloroquine is the drug of choice in the few areas of the world where the falciparum parasite remains sensitive. In most malarious regions, however, the cinchona alkaloids and the artemisinin compounds are the only remaining options. In some areas of Southeast Asia, resistance to quinine is established, further limiting treatment options and raising concerns for the future. Artemisinin compounds, an exciting new class of antimalarial drugs developed in China, are the most rapidly acting of all the antimalarial drugs, with little known toxicity. Despite new insight into the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria and powerful antiparasitic therapies, the mortality rates in patients with this disease have remained stable over many years and are unacceptably high, ranging from 10 to 50%. Thus, malaria remains a tremendous public health problem that requires continued efforts to better understand pathophysiology and develop more effective therapies. The best way to prevent cerebral malaria is to prevent infection with P. falciparum. Most approaches an based on a chemoprophylactic regimen in combination with other measures such as repellents and insect screens. Even though no regimen is completely effective, chemoprophylaxis may reduce the subsequent risk of cerebral malaria if a 'breakthrough' falciparum infection is acquired. Additionally, early diagnosis and prompt treatment of individuals with uncomplicated falciparum malaria may diminish the risk of cerebral malaria. C1 MAHIDOL UNIV,FAC TROP MED,HOSP TROP DIS,DIV CRIT CARE TROP DIS,BANGKOK,THAILAND. USA MED COMPONENT,ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,DEPT IMMUNOL,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. NR 116 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 10, NEW ZEALAND SN 1172-7047 J9 CNS DRUGS JI CNS Drugs PD MAY PY 1997 VL 7 IS 5 BP 366 EP 380 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA XA190 UT WOS:A1997XA19000004 ER PT J AU Kagan, FW Fautua, DT AF Kagan, FW Fautua, DT TI Could we fight a war if we had to? SO COMMENTARY LA English DT Article RP Kagan, FW (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER JEWISH COMMITTEE PI NEW YORK PA 165 E 56TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10022 SN 0010-2601 J9 COMMENTARY JI Commentary PD MAY PY 1997 VL 103 IS 5 BP 25 EP 29 PG 5 WC Political Science; Social Issues SC Government & Law; Social Issues GA WV096 UT WOS:A1997WV09600030 ER PT J AU Ahmad, F Razzaghi, M AF Ahmad, F Razzaghi, M TI Construction of smooth dielectric profiles by a pseudospectral method SO COMPUTERS & ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE inverse problems; profile construction; scattering problems; dielectric media; pseudospectral methods ID INVERSE SCATTERING PROBLEM; RECONSTRUCTION; EQUATION AB One way to attain the solution of the one-dimensional inverse scattering problem is through the Gel'fand-Levitan integral equation. In this paper we propose a numerical method for solving this integral equation and hence an alternative method for the construction of smooth dielectric profiles. Two examples are given to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed method. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762. MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH & STAT,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762. RP Ahmad, F (reprint author), USA,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-7906 J9 COMPUT ELECTR ENG JI Comput. Electr. Eng. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 23 IS 3 BP 189 EP 194 DI 10.1016/S0045-7906(97)00001-3 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA XE126 UT WOS:A1997XE12600005 ER PT J AU Asay, KH Chatterton, NJ Jensen, KB Wang, RRC Johnson, DA Horton, WH Palazzo, AJ Young, SA AF Asay, KH Chatterton, NJ Jensen, KB Wang, RRC Johnson, DA Horton, WH Palazzo, AJ Young, SA TI Registration of 'CD-II' crested wheatgrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,HANOVER,NH 03755. UTAH STATE UNIV,DEPT PLANTS SOILS & BIOMETEOROL,LOGAN,UT 84322. RP Asay, KH (reprint author), UTAH STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,FORAGE & RANGE RES LAB,LOGAN,UT 84322, USA. NR 1 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 1997 VL 37 IS 3 BP 1023 EP 1023 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA XD192 UT WOS:A1997XD19200084 ER PT J AU Houng, HSH Sethabutr, O Echeverria, P AF Houng, HSH Sethabutr, O Echeverria, P TI A simple polymerase chain reaction technique to detect and differentiate Shigella and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli in human feces SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article ID O-ANTIGEN; MOLECULAR-CLONING; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; RFB REGION; DYSENTERY; FLEXNERI; AMPLIFICATION; SEQUENCE AB A simple polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure using IS630-specific primers was developed as a general diagnostic probe to detect Shigella and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC). However, IS630 and the other two previously reported molecular probes, ipaH and iaI, cannot be used to differentiate among Shigella serotypes and EIEC strains that cause dysentery. The sensitivity of PCR protocol was determined to be 100-200 shigellae for each PCR reaction. An enrichment incubation would allow the detection of shigellae in stool samples with low bacterial concentration; i.e., <10(4) CFU/gram. Serotype-specific primers derived from the rfc genes of different Shigella strains were used in PCR reactions to differentiate among Shigella serotypes in the laboratory, such as S. sonnei, S. flexneri, and S. dysenteriae 1. It was demonstrated further that the multiplex PCR system containing rfc-specific primers can efficiently identify the most prominent Shigella serotypes in raw stool samples of acute diarrheal patients. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,BANGKOK,THAILAND. RP Houng, HSH (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT ENTER INFECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 15 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 28 IS 1 BP 19 EP 25 DI 10.1016/S0732-8893(97)89154-7 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA XH431 UT WOS:A1997XH43100003 PM 9218914 ER PT J AU Moore, DW Bridges, TS Gray, BR Duke, BM AF Moore, DW Bridges, TS Gray, BR Duke, BM TI Risk of ammonia toxicity during sediment bioassays with the estuarine amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE survival; growth; reproduction; LC50; NOEC; LOEC ID OSMOREGULATION; SURVIVAL AB High levels of ammonia in sediment toxicity tests can potentially confound test results. At issue is whether the observed toxicity is due to elevated ammonia or the presence of more persistent anthropogenic contaminants. To evaluate the risk of ammonia toxicity, information on (1) the exposure-response relationship and (2) the probability of exposure are needed. Preliminary exposure response data were obtained for two different sieved size classes of the estuarine amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus representing juveniles (425-600 mu m) and subadults (not reproductively active) (600-1,000 mu m) in 4-d water-only exposures with ammonia (NH4Cl). Resulting LC50 values were 44 (juvenile) and 89 mg NH3-N/L (subadult). Results from 4-d tests were used to establish exposure concentrations for two spiked-sediment studies: (1) a 10-d static exposure starting with subadults measuring survival and growth and (2) a 28-d exposure with daily renewal of overlying water starting with juveniles and measuring survival, growth, and reproduction. Risk of ammonia toxicity to L. plumulosus during sediment toxicity tests was characterized via a Monte Carlo simulation using the exposure-response curves from laboratory spiked sediment studies and published porewater ammonia values for 322 marine sediments. Results indicate a significant potential for ammonia induced interference in the 10-d test (e.g., 2-18% probability of significant mortality due to ammonia alone). Risk in 28-d tests appears to be minimal due to rapid dissipation of ammonia via renewal of overlying water. C1 ASCI CORP,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. RP Moore, DW (reprint author), USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. OI Gray, Brian/0000-0001-7682-9550 NR 23 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD MAY PY 1997 VL 16 IS 5 BP 1020 EP 1027 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<1020:ROATDS>2.3.CO;2 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA WX065 UT WOS:A1997WX06500023 ER EF