FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Dobard, C Masciotra, S Lipscomb, J Youngpairoj, A Cong, M Sharma, S Johnson, JA Garcia-Lerma, JG Heneine, W AF Dobard, C. Masciotra, S. Lipscomb, J. Youngpairoj, A. Cong, M. Sharma, S. Johnson, J. A. Garcia-Lerma, J. G. Heneine, W. TI Assessing drug resistance emergence in a macaque model of antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International HIV and Hepatitis Virus Drug Resistance and Curative Strategies Workshop CY JUN 08-12, 2010 CL Dubrovnik, CROATIA C1 [Dobard, C.; Masciotra, S.; Lipscomb, J.; Youngpairoj, A.; Cong, M.; Sharma, S.; Johnson, J. A.; Garcia-Lerma, J. G.; Heneine, W.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2010 VL 15 IS 4 MA 133 BP A165 EP A165 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 629QW UT WOS:000280215800152 ER PT J AU Lipscomb, JT Owen, SM Johnson, JA AF Lipscomb, J. T. Owen, S. M. Johnson, J. A. TI Dynamic expression of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations during acute infection SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Workshop on International HIV and Hepatitis Virus Drug Resistance and Curative Strategies CY JUL 08-12, 2010 CL Dubrovnik, CROATIA SP Univ California, Sch Med C1 [Lipscomb, J. T.; Owen, S. M.; Johnson, J. A.] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2010 VL 15 SU 2 BP A47 EP A47 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 722KO UT WOS:000287431300043 ER PT J AU Lipscomb, JT Owen, SM Johnson, JA AF Lipscomb, J. T. Owen, S. M. Johnson, J. A. TI Dynamic expression of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations during acute infection SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International HIV and Hepatitis Virus Drug Resistance and Curative Strategies Workshop CY JUN 08-12, 2010 CL Dubrovnik, CROATIA C1 [Lipscomb, J. T.; Owen, S. M.; Johnson, J. A.] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2010 VL 15 IS 4 MA 39 BP A47 EP A47 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 629QW UT WOS:000280215800058 ER PT J AU Malik, S Kellam, P Johnson, J Cane, P Geretti, AM AF Malik, S. Kellam, P. Johnson, J. Cane, P. Geretti, A. M. TI Fitness contributions of the RT mutation H208Y SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Workshop on International HIV and Hepatitis Virus Drug Resistance and Curative Strategies CY JUL 08-12, 2010 CL Dubrovnik, CROATIA SP Univ California, Sch Med C1 [Malik, S.; Kellam, P.; Geretti, A. M.] Univ Coll, Sch Med, London, England. [Kellam, P.] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge, England. [Johnson, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cane, P.] Hlth Protect Agcy, Ctr Infect, Porton Down, England. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2010 VL 15 SU 2 BP A164 EP A164 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 722KO UT WOS:000287431300136 ER PT J AU Malik, S Kellam, P Johnson, J Cane, P Geretti, AM AF Malik, S. Kellam, P. Johnson, J. Cane, P. Geretti, A. M. TI Fitness contributions of the RT mutation H208Y SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International HIV and Hepatitis Virus Drug Resistance and Curative Strategies Workshop CY JUN 08-12, 2010 CL Dubrovnik, CROATIA C1 [Malik, S.; Kellam, P.; Geretti, A. M.] UCL, Sch Med, London W1N 8AA, England. [Kellam, P.] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge, England. [Johnson, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2010 VL 15 IS 4 MA 132 BP A164 EP A164 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 629QW UT WOS:000280215800151 ER PT J AU Zhang, J Kang, D Sun, X Lin, B Fu, J Bi, Z Nkengasong, J Yang, C AF Zhang, J. Kang, D. Sun, X. Lin, B. Fu, J. Bi, Z. Nkengasong, J. Yang, C. TI HIV-1 viral load measurement and PCR for drug resistance genotyping using dried blood spots and dried plasma spots collected from antiretroviral therapy-experienced patients SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Workshop on International HIV and Hepatitis Virus Drug Resistance and Curative Strategies CY JUL 08-12, 2010 CL Dubrovnik, CROATIA SP Univ California, Sch Med C1 [Zhang, J.; Nkengasong, J.; Yang, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhang, J.; Kang, D.; Sun, X.; Lin, B.; Fu, J.; Bi, Z.] Shandong Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inst AIDS HIV Control & Prevent, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2010 VL 15 SU 2 BP A146 EP A146 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 722KO UT WOS:000287431300121 ER PT J AU Zhang, J Kang, D Sun, X Lin, B Fu, J Bi, Z Nkengasong, J Yang, C AF Zhang, J. Kang, D. Sun, X. Lin, B. Fu, J. Bi, Z. Nkengasong, J. Yang, C. TI HIV-1 viral load measurement and PCR for drug resistance genotyping using dried blood spots and dried plasma spots collected from antiretroviral therapy-experienced patients SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International HIV and Hepatitis Virus Drug Resistance and Curative Strategies Workshop CY JUN 08-12, 2010 CL Dubrovnik, CROATIA C1 [Zhang, J.; Nkengasong, J.; Yang, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhang, J.; Kang, D.; Sun, X.; Lin, B.; Fu, J.; Bi, Z.] Shandong Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inst AIDS HIV Control & Prevent, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China. RI Yang, Chunfu/G-6890-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2010 VL 15 IS 4 MA 117 BP A146 EP A146 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 629QW UT WOS:000280215800136 ER PT J AU Girard, YA Travinsky, B Schotthoefer, A Fedorova, N Eisen, RJ Eisen, L Barbour, AG Lane, RS AF Girard, Yvette A. Travinsky, Bridgit Schotthoefer, Anna Fedorova, Natalia Eisen, Rebecca J. Eisen, Lars Barbour, Alan G. Lane, Robert S. TI Population Structure of the Lyme Borreliosis Spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi in the Western Black-Legged Tick (Ixodes pacificus) in Northern California (vol 75, pg 7243, 2009) SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Girard, Yvette A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Med, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Girard, YA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, 137 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 76 IS 1 BP 386 EP 386 DI 10.1128/AEM.02688-09 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 535TB UT WOS:000272992800048 ER PT J AU Behl, AS AF Behl, Ajay Singh TI Children and labour supply SO APPLIED ECONOMICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB This article analyses the role of parents' expected payoffs of children and their labour supply. It uses the current education and income status of the parent and the educational expectations, health and behaviour problems of the child in order to form the expectations regarding the payoffs. We use a three stage (child, adult and old) model for individuals in order to capture the trade-off between supply of labour in the adult stage and consumption (from savings, investments and transfers from government and child) in the old age. The labour supply increases with the educational expectations, hopefulness and expected future income of the parent. C1 [Behl, Ajay Singh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Behl, Ajay Singh] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Behl, AS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ftg2@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1350-4851 J9 APPL ECON LETT JI Appl. Econ. Lett. PY 2010 VL 17 IS 3 BP 251 EP 255 AR PII 791779660 DI 10.1080/13504850701720072 PG 5 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 525KT UT WOS:000272215500009 ER PT J AU Waters, TR Garg, A AF Waters, Thomas R. Garg, Arun TI Two-dimensional biomechanical model for estimating strength of youth and adolescents for manual material handling tasks SO APPLIED ERGONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Youth; Strength; Prediction; Manual material handling ID 3-DIMENSIONAL MOTION MODEL; EMG-ASSISTED MODEL; LUMBAR SPINE; CT SCANS; MOMENT; LOADS; LENGTHS AB Youth and adolescents are routinely engaged in manual material handling (MMH) tasks that may exceed their strength capability to perform the task and may place them at excessive risk for musculoskeletal disorders. This paper reports on a two-dimensional biomechanical model that was developed to assess MMH tasks performed by youth 3-21 years of age. The model uses age, gender, posture of the youth performing the MMH activity, and weight of the load handled as input, and provides an estimate of the strength demands of the task and spinal disc compression and shear force resulting from the activity as output. The model can be used to assess whether a specific MMH task exceeds the strength demands for youth of certain ages or genders, which of the internal muscle strengths are most affected, and provides information about the estimated spinal disc compression and shear forces on the spine as a result of the specified MMH task. These results would be helpful in deciding whether a task is appropriate for a youth to perform or whether a certain task modification may be sufficient in reducing the physical demands to a level acceptable for a youth of certain age and gender. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Waters, Thomas R.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Garg, Arun] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. RP Waters, TR (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM trw1@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0003-6870 J9 APPL ERGON JI Appl. Ergon. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 41 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.apergo.2009.02.006 PG 7 WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied SC Engineering; Psychology GA 516MV UT WOS:000271547500001 PM 19375692 ER PT J AU Lowe, BD Schrader, SM Breitenstein, MJ AF Lowe, Brian D. Schrader, Steven M. Breitenstein, Michael J. TI Untitled SO APPLIED ERGONOMICS LA English DT Letter ID ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION; SEAT PRESSURE; PERINEUM; NOSE C1 [Lowe, Brian D.; Schrader, Steven M.; Breitenstein, Michael J.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Lowe, BD (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS C-24, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM blowe@cdc.gov RI Schrader, Steven/E-8120-2011 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0003-6870 J9 APPL ERGON JI Appl. Ergon. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 41 IS 1 BP 173 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.apergo.2009.04.003 PG 2 WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied SC Engineering; Psychology GA 516MV UT WOS:000271547500021 PM 19433322 ER PT J AU Banyard, A Mahy, BWJ AF Banyard, Ashley Mahy, Brian W. J. TI In memoriam: Prof. Thomas Barrett OBITUARY SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Mahy, Brian W. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emerging Infect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mahy, Brian W. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Banyard, Ashley] Vet Labs Agcy, Rabies & Wildlife Zoonoses Grp, Weybridge KT15 3NB, Surrey, England. RP Mahy, BWJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emerging Infect, Mailstop D 61,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bxm1@cdc.gov RI Banyard, Ashley/C-7998-2011 OI Banyard, Ashley/0000-0002-1286-9825 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 155 IS 1 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1007/s00705-009-0565-8 PG 2 WC Virology SC Virology GA 543OM UT WOS:000273588000001 ER PT J AU Chapman, LE AF Chapman, Louisa E. TI In memoriam: Jonathan S. Allan, DVM (1952-2009) SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Chapman, LE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Mailstop D 75,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lec3@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 155 IS 1 BP 3 EP 5 DI 10.1007/s00705-009-0566-7 PG 3 WC Virology SC Virology GA 543OM UT WOS:000273588000002 PM 20012659 ER PT J AU Banyai, K Esona, MD Kerin, TK Hull, JJ Mijatovic, S Vasconez, N Torres, C de Filippis, AMB Foytich, KR Gentsch, JR AF Banyai, Krisztian Esona, Mathew D. Kerin, Tara K. Hull, Jennifer J. Mijatovic, Slavica Vasconez, Nancy Torres, Carlos de Filippis, Ana M. B. Foytich, Kimberly R. Gentsch, Jon R. TI Erratum to: Molecular characterization of a rare, human-porcine reassortant rotavirus strain, G11P[6], from Ecuador(vol 154, pg 1823, 2009) SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Esona, Mathew D.; Kerin, Tara K.; Hull, Jennifer J.; Mijatovic, Slavica; Foytich, Kimberly R.; Gentsch, Jon R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Banyai, Krisztian] Assoc Publ Hlth Labs, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Banyai, Krisztian] Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary. [Vasconez, Nancy] Nacl PAI, Quito, Ecuador. [Torres, Carlos] MSP, Quito, Ecuador. [de Filippis, Ana M. B.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Immunizat Unit, Washington, DC USA. RP Gentsch, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bkrota@hotmail.com; jrg4@cdc.gov OI Banyai, Krisztian/0000-0002-6270-1772 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 155 IS 1 BP 147 EP 147 DI 10.1007/s00705-009-0531-5 PG 1 WC Virology SC Virology GA 543OM UT WOS:000273588000022 ER PT J AU Callahan, LF Shreffler, J Siaton, BC Helmick, CG Schoster, B Schwartz, TA Chen, JC Renner, JB Jordan, JM AF Callahan, Leigh F. Shreffler, Jack Siaton, Bernadette C. Helmick, Charles G. Schoster, Britta Schwartz, Todd A. Chen, Jiu-Chiuan Renner, Jordan B. Jordan, Joanne M. TI Limited educational attainment and radiographic and symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional analysis using data from the Johnston County (North Carolina) Osteoarthritis Project SO ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY LA English DT Article ID HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; FORMAL EDUCATION; UNITED-STATES; SOCIAL-CLASS; PHYSICAL WORKLOAD; CHRONIC DISEASES; MORTALITY; HEALTH AB Introduction: Applying a cross-sectional analysis to a sample of 2,627 African-American and Caucasian adults aged >= 45 years from the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project, we studied the association between educational attainment and prevalence of radiographic knee osteoarthritis and symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. Methods: Age-and race-adjusted associations between education and osteoarthritis outcomes were assessed by gender-stratified logistic regression models, with additional models adjusting for body mass index, knee injury, smoking, alcohol use, and occupational factors. Results: In an analysis of all participants, low educational attainment (<12 years) was associated with higher prevalence of four knee osteoarthritis outcomes (unilateral and bilateral radiographic and symptomatic osteoarthritis). Women with low educational attainment had 50% higher odds of having radiographic knee osteoarthritis and 65% higher odds of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis compared with those with higher educational attainment (>= 12 years), by using fully adjusted models. In the subset of postmenopausal women, these associations tended to be weaker but little affected by adjustment for hormone replacement therapy. Men with low educational attainment had 85% higher odds of having symptomatic knee osteoarthritis by using fully adjusted models, but the association with radiographic knee osteoarthritis was explained by age. Conclusions: After adjustment for known risk factors, educational attainment, as an indicator of socioeconomic status, is associated with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis in both men and women and with radiographic knee osteoarthritis in women. C1 [Callahan, Leigh F.; Shreffler, Jack; Schoster, Britta; Jordan, Joanne M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Callahan, Leigh F.; Jordan, Joanne M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Orthopaed, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Callahan, Leigh F.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Social Med, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Siaton, Bernadette C.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Helmick, Charles G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schwartz, Todd A.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Chen, Jiu-Chiuan] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Div Environm Hlth, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Renner, Jordan B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Radiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Callahan, LF (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, 3300 Thurston Bldg,CB 7280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM leigh_callahan@med.unc.edu RI Schwartz, Todd/D-4995-2012; Chen, JC/I-2261-2016 OI Schwartz, Todd/0000-0002-0232-2543; FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Association of Schools of Public Health [S043, S3486]; National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disease Center [5-P60-AR30701]; Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center [5-P60-AR49465]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Association of Schools of Public Health S043 and S3486, and the National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disease Center 5-P60-AR30701, and Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center 5-P60-AR49465 (LFC, JS, BCS, BS, TS, JR, JC, JMJ). Charles Helmick, MD, is funded by the Arthritis Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We thank the staff of the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project for their long-standing and dedicated work, as well as the Project participants, without whose continuing cooperation none of this work would be possible. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 49 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-6354 J9 ARTHRITIS RES THER JI Arthritis Res. Ther. PY 2010 VL 12 IS 2 AR R46 DI 10.1186/ar2956 PG 9 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 629VD UT WOS:000280227200024 PM 20298606 ER PT J AU Lei, WK Yu, XQ Lam, C Leong, WK AF Lei, Wai Kei Yu, Xue Qin Lam, Chong Leong, Wai Kit TI Survival Analysis of 2003-2005 Data from the Population-based Cancer Registry in Macao SO ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE Relative survival; population-based cancer registry data; Macao ID NORDIC COUNTRIES; SINGAPORE; TRENDS; END AB Aim: Macao Cancer Registry was established in 2003. It is population-based and has been collecting cancer reports from all possible settings where pathological and management services are available. To get a better idea over the prognosis and survival of all and major cancer sites, a survival analysis was here performed to estimate the relative survival rates of cancers diagnosed and registered during 2003 to 2005 with a follow-up of vital status till 31 Dec, 2008. Methods: 3,244 cancer cases diagnosed and registered during 2003-2005 in Macao Cancer Registry were considered for analysis. Cases of in-situ carcinoma, extreme age and poor data quality were deliberately excluded, leaving 2,623 newly diagnosed cancers eligible. Vital status of registered cases through 31 December 2008 was confirmed by matching with death certificates and review from the Hospital Information System (HIS) of the only public hospital. Observed survival rates were calculated using a Life Table method, and relative survival rates were examined using an algorithm written in SAS by Paul Dickman with minor adaptations. Apart from general relative survival rates, specific rates by sex and age strata were also estimated. Results: 3-year and 5-year relative survival rates of all cancers were 61% and 56% respectively for both sexes; (54% and 47%, respectively, for males and 68% and 64% for females). The 3-year relative survival rates for major cancer sites ranged from 21% to 90%, with lung cancer showing the lowest and female breast cancer the highest. 5-year relative survival rates for major cancer sites ranged from 18% to 85%, with liver cancer showing the lowest and again female breast cancer the highest. Female cancer patients had higher relative survival than males across the 5-year follow up period, with a sex difference of nearly 15%. Conclusion: Comparison of survival rates from this first trial in Macao, deriving survival statistics from population-based cancer registration, with other Asian countries/cities, like Taiwan, Singapore and Japan, showed Macao and Taiwan to have the closest estimates for 3-year relative survival. Random variation was found to exist in the stratification of sex and age in certain cancer sites due to scarce case numbers in the subgroups. It is important to note that the 3-year survival rates are relatively more consistent and reliable than 4-year or 5-year ones. Promotion of reporting cancer stage by physicians as well as improvement in data quality of cancer registration are essential to allow further informative statistics derived from the cancer registry with reference to cancer prevention. C1 [Lei, Wai Kei; Lam, Chong; Leong, Wai Kit] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Bur, Govt Macau, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lei, WK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Bur, Govt Macau, Atlanta, GA USA. EM leivicky@ssm.gov.mo RI Yu, Xue Qin/E-7405-2013 FU World Health Organization West Pacific Region Office (WPRO/WHO), Australian Federal Government of Health and Aging; Health Bureau of Macao FX This study was supported and funded by the World Health Organization West Pacific Region Office (WPRO/WHO), Australian Federal Government of Health and Aging and the Health Bureau of Macao. Heartiest thanks to the Cancer Epidemiology Research Unit of Cancer Council New South Wales for granting an opportunity to work with Prof. Freddy Sitas and Prof. Dianne O'Connell and have this study accomplished under their guidance and supervision. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASIAN PACIFIC ORGANIZATION CANCER PREVENTION PI GYEONGGI-DO PA APJCP HEAD OFFICE, KOREAN NATL CANCER CENTER, 323 ILAN -RO, ILSANDONG-GU, GOYANG-SI, GYEONGGI-DO, 410-769, SOUTH KOREA SN 1513-7368 J9 ASIAN PAC J CANCER P JI Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev. PY 2010 VL 11 IS 6 BP 1561 EP 1567 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 772EM UT WOS:000291216400021 PM 21338197 ER PT B AU Deak, E Balajee, SA AF Deak, Eszter Balajee, S. Arunmozhi BE Pasqualotto, AC TI Molecular Methods for Identification of Aspergillus Species SO ASPERGILLOSIS: FROM DIAGNOSIS TO PREVENTION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Aspergillus; DNA sequencing; Molecular methods; Species identification ID INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER; CELL TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; CYTOCHROME-B GENE; RNA-POLYMERASE-II; MEDICALLY IMPORTANT; SECTION FUMIGATI; SP NOV.; INVASIVE ASPERGILLOSIS; POLYPHASIC TAXONOMY; NEOSARTORYA AB Using molecular methods for Aspergillus species identification can be a cost-effective, rapid, discriminatory, and objective approach for delineating Aspergillus species in a clinical microbiology laboratory. Identification of Aspergillus to species level is important for therapeutic decision-making, since different species have variable susceptibilities to available antifungal drugs. Standardization of loci and methods, availability of appropriate guidelines for species definitions using sequence information, and robust sequence databases will make these technologies more conducive to use in a clinical microbiology laboratory. This book section focuses on utilization of molecular methods, specifically comparative sequence identification methods, for the identification of Aspergillus at the species level. C1 [Deak, Eszter; Balajee, S. Arunmozhi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Balajee, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gufo@cdc.gov; fir3@cdc.gov NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-90-481-2407-7 PY 2010 BP 75 EP 85 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-2408-4_5 PG 11 WC Dermatology; Mycology SC Dermatology; Mycology GA BMJ13 UT WOS:000272541500005 ER PT B AU Ford, ES Mannino, DM AF Ford, Earl S. Mannino, David M. BE Harver, A Kotses, H TI Considerations Regarding the Epidemiology and Public Health Burden of Asthma SO ASTHMA, HEALTH AND SOCIETY: A PUBLIC HEALTH PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EXHALED NITRIC-OXIDE; IN-HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-ADULTS; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; PEDIATRIC ASTHMA; MELBOURNE SCHOOLCHILDREN; DEATH CERTIFICATES; CARE UTILIZATION C1 [Ford, Earl S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mannino, David M.] Univ Kentucky, Med Ctr, Div Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med, Lexington, KY USA. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM eford@cdc.gov OI Mannino, David/0000-0003-3646-7828 NR 96 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-78284-3 PY 2010 BP 3 EP 17 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-78285-0_1 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-78285-0 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA BNH62 UT WOS:000274571400001 ER PT B AU Mangan, JM Merkle, S Gerald, LB AF Mangan, Joan M. Merkle, Sarah Gerald, Lynn B. BE Harver, A Kotses, H TI Asthma in the Schools SO ASTHMA, HEALTH AND SOCIETY: A PUBLIC HEALTH PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID INNER-CITY CHILDREN; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SELF-MANAGEMENT PROGRAM; HOUSE-DUST MITE; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; CONSULTING PHYSICIAN; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; CASE IDENTIFICATION; SEPTEMBER EPIDEMIC; PERSISTENT ASTHMA C1 [Gerald, Lynn B.] Univ Arizona, Mel & Enid Zuckerman Coll Publ Hlth, Canyon Ranch Endowed Chair, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. [Mangan, Joan M.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Lung Hlth Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. [Merkle, Sarah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Merkle, Sarah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gerald, LB (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Mel & Enid Zuckerman Coll Publ Hlth, Canyon Ranch Endowed Chair, 1295 N Martin Ave,POB 245163, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. EM lgerald@email.arizona.edu NR 121 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-78284-3 PY 2010 BP 229 EP 244 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-78285-0_14 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-78285-0 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA BNH62 UT WOS:000274571400014 ER PT J AU Wang, RJ Jian, FC Sun, YP Hu, QS Zhu, JJ Wang, F Ning, CS Zhang, LX Xiao, LH AF Wang, Rongjun Jian, Fuchun Sun, Yanping Hu, Qunshan Zhu, Jingjing Wang, Fang Ning, Changshen Zhang, Longxian Xiao, Lihua TI Large-scale survey of Cryptosporidium spp. in chickens and Pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) in Henan, China: prevalence and molecular characterization SO AVIAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GEESE BRANTA-CANADENSIS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; BROILER-CHICKENS; GEORGIA BROILERS; FARM-ANIMALS; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTION; BIRDS; APICOMPLEXA AB Few data are available on the molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in chickens and ducks in China. In this study, 2579 faecal samples from 46 chicken farms and eight Pekin duck farms in 21 prefectures in Henan Province were examined. The overall infection rate of Cryptosporidium was 10.6% (163/1542) in layer chickens (10 out of 17 farms), 3.4% (16/473) in broilers (five out of 29 farms), and 16.3% (92/564) in Pekin ducks (four out of eight farms), respectively. The highest infection rates were observed in 31-day-old to 60-day-old layer chickens (24.6%) and 11-day-old to 30-day-old Pekin ducks (40.3%). The season of highest prevalence in chickens was spring (15.6%) and the lowest was winter (P0.01). One hundred and eighty-seven Cryptosporidium-positive samples were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the small subunit rRNA gene, and 55 were further analysed by DNA sequencing of the PCR products. Two Cryptosporidium species were identified: Cryptosporidium baileyi (184/187) on 15 chicken farms and four duck farms, and Cryptosporidium meleagridis (3/187) on three layer chicken farms. C. baileyi was the predominant Cryptosporidium species, found in all age groups of chickens and all Cryptosporidium-positive ducks examined, whereas C. meleagridis was only identified in 31-day-old to 120-day-old layer chickens. Considering the large size of the chicken industry and the close contact between chickens and humans, and that C. meleagridis is the third most common Cryptosporidium parasite in humans, then C. meleagridis could potentially become an emerging zoonosis in some areas in China. C1 [Wang, Rongjun; Jian, Fuchun; Sun, Yanping; Hu, Qunshan; Zhu, Jingjing; Wang, Fang; Ning, Changshen; Zhang, Longxian] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Longxian; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ning, CS (reprint author), Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. EM ningchangshen@yahoo.com.cn; zhanglx8999@yahoo.com.cn RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30871863, 30928019]; Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China [20094105110003]; Henan Province Special Fund of Public Welfare [81100912300]; Ministry of Health [200808012] FX The present study was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30871863, and 30928019), the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (No. 20094105110003), Henan Province Special Fund of Public Welfare (No. 81100912300), and the Ministry of Health Special Funds of Public Sector Research (No. 200808012). NR 51 TC 13 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-9457 J9 AVIAN PATHOL JI Avian Pathol. PY 2010 VL 39 IS 6 BP 447 EP 451 AR PII 930994731 DI 10.1080/03079457.2010.518314 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 693AT UT WOS:000285197700005 PM 21154053 ER PT J AU Wu, JZ An, KN Cutlip, RG Dong, RG AF Wu, John Z. An, Kai-Nan Cutlip, Robert G. Dong, Ren G. TI A practical biomechanical model of the index finger simulating the kinematics of the muscle/tendon excursions SO BIO-MEDICAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Index finger; kinematics; muscle-tendon excursion; moment arm; simulations ID MUSCLES; HAND AB Biomechanical models of the hand and fingers are useful tools for hand surgeons to improve surgical procedures and for biomedical researchers to explore the mechanical loading in the musculoskeletal system that cannot be easily measured in vivo. The purpose of the present study was to develop a realistic index finger model for solving practical problems. The model includes the meshes of four bony sections (distal, middle, proximal and metacarpal bones) obtained via micro-CT scans. The tendon attachment sites are adopted from the normative finger model. A total of seven tendon/muscles are included in the model. The predicted tendon excursions and moment arms were compared with published experimental data. One of the advantages of the current approach over previous studies is that the current model has been developed on a platform of a commercial software package, such that researchers can apply it as a universal tool for practical problems. C1 [Wu, John Z.] CDC, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [An, Kai-Nan] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. RP Wu, JZ (reprint author), CDC, NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 2027, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM jwu@cdc.gov RI CHASSAGNE, Fanette/B-7212-2012 NR 10 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0959-2989 J9 BIO-MED MATER ENG JI Bio-Med. Mater. Eng. PY 2010 VL 20 IS 2 BP 89 EP 97 DI 10.3233/BME-2010-0618 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 617ZP UT WOS:000279320800003 PM 20592446 ER PT J AU Yu, W Clyne, M Khoury, MJ Gwinn, M AF Yu, W. Clyne, M. Khoury, M. J. Gwinn, M. TI Phenopedia and Genopedia: disease-centered and gene-centered views of the evolving knowledge of human genetic associations SO BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN GENOME EPIDEMIOLOGY; WIDE ASSOCIATION AB We developed web-based applications that encourage the exploration of the literature on human genetic associations by using a database that is continuously updated from PubMed. These applications provide user-friendly interfaces for searching summarized information on human genetic associations, using either genes or diseases as the starting point. C1 [Yu, W.; Clyne, M.; Khoury, M. J.; Gwinn, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. RP Yu, W (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. EM wby0@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 73 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1367-4803 J9 BIOINFORMATICS JI Bioinformatics PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 26 IS 1 BP 145 EP 146 DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btp618 PG 2 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 537MD UT WOS:000273116100028 PM 19864262 ER PT J AU Wu, JJ Hao, LJ Hansen, J Robert, T Sidell, N AF Wu, Juanjuan Hao, Lijuan Hansen, Jason Robert, Taylor Sidell, Neil TI Retinoic Acid-Stimulation of VEGF Secretion from Human Endometrial Stromal Cells Is Mediated by Production of Reactive Oxygen Species SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY JUL 31-AUG 03, 2010 CL Milwaukee, WI SP Soc Study Reproduct C1 Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2010 SU S MA 444 BP 146 EP 146 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 682DY UT WOS:000284381300413 ER PT J AU Oster, ME Riehle-Colarusso, T Correa, A AF Oster, Matthew E. Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany Correa, Adolfo TI An Update on Cardiovascular Malformations in Congenital Rubella Syndrome SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE rubella; heart; congenital heart defects; cardiovascular malformations; infection; pediatrics; patent ductus arteriosus; branch pulmonary artery stenosis ID PATENT DUCTUS-ARTERIOSUS; MATERNAL RUBELLA; HEART-DISEASE; SYNDROME CRS; PULMONIC STENOSIS; UNITED-STATES; INFANTS; PREGNANCY; LESIONS; EMBRYOPATHY AB BACKGROUND: Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) has long been characterized by the triad of deafness, cataract, and cardiovascular malformations (CVMs). While initial reports identified patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) as the primary CVM in CRS, the exact nature of the CVMs found in CRS has not been well established. METHODS: We searched the English literature from 1941 through 2008 to identify studies that used cardiac catheterization or echocardiography to evaluate the CVMs in CRS. RESULTS: Of the 121 patients in the 10 studies with catheterization data, 78% had branch pulmonary artery stenosis, and 62% had a PDA. In 49% of cases, both branch pulmonary artery stenosis and PDA were present, whereas isolated branch pulmonary artery stenosis and isolated PDA were found in 29 and 13% of cases, respectively. Of the 12 patients in the 10 studies with echocardiographic data, PDA was more common than branch pulmonary artery stenosis, but this finding is greatly limited by the small numbers of patients and limitations of echocardiography. Although published studies of CVMs in CRS have in general reported PDA as the CVM phenotype most commonly associated with CRS, among CRS cases evaluated by catheterization, branch pulmonary artery stenosis was actually more common than PDA. Moreover, although the combination of branch pulmonary artery stenosis and PDA was more common than either branch pulmonary artery stenosis or PDA alone, isolated branch pulmonary artery stenosis was twice as common as isolated PDA. CONCLUSION: Among children with suspected CRS, clinical evaluations for the presence of CVMs should include examinations for both branch pulmonary artery stenosis and PDA. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 88:1-8, 2010. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. EM matthew.oster@choa.org NR 70 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 88 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1002/bdra.20621 PG 8 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 548FG UT WOS:000273944500001 PM 19697432 ER PT J AU Pettifor, A Turner, AN Swezey, T Khan, M Raharinivo, MSM Randrianasolo, B Penman-Aguilar, A Van Damme, K Jamieson, DJ Behets, F AF Pettifor, Audrey Turner, Abigail Norris Swezey, Teresa Khan, Maria Raharinivo, Mbolatiana S. M. Randrianasolo, Bodo Penman-Aguilar, Ana Van Damme, Kathleen Jamieson, Denise J. Behets, Frieda TI Perceived control over condom use among sex workers in Madagascar: a cohort study SO BMC WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article AB Background: Women's perceived control over condom use has been found to be an important determinant of actual condom use in some studies. However, many existing analyses used cross-sectional data and little quantitative information exists to characterize the relationships between perceived control and actual condom use among sex worker populations. Methods: We assessed the association between measures of perceived condom use control and self-reported use of male condoms employing data from a longitudinal pilot study among 192 sex workers in Madagascar. Results: In multivariable models, a lack of perceived control over condom use with a main partner and having a main partner ever refuse to use a condom when asked were both associated with an increased number of sex acts unprotected by condoms in the past week with a main partner (RR 1.86; 95% CI 1.21-2.85; RR 1.34; 95% CI 1.03-1.73, respectively). Conversely, no measure of condom use control was significantly associated with condom use with clients. Conclusion: Perceived control over condom use was an important determinant of condom use with main partners, but not clients, among sex workers in Madagascar. Programs working with sex workers should reach out to main and commercial partners of sex workers to increase male condom use. C1 [Pettifor, Audrey; Turner, Abigail Norris; Swezey, Teresa; Khan, Maria; Behets, Frieda] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Raharinivo, Mbolatiana S. M.; Randrianasolo, Bodo; Van Damme, Kathleen; Behets, Frieda] UNC MAD, Antananarivo, Madagascar. [Penman-Aguilar, Ana; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pettifor, A (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM apettif@email.unc.edu FU United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; United States Agency for International Development; CONRAD FX This study was funded by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through an Inter-Agency Agreement with the United States Agency for International Development and CONRAD. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1472-6874 J9 BMC WOMENS HEALTH JI BMC Womens Health PY 2010 VL 10 AR 4 DI 10.1186/1472-6874-10-4 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA V27IS UT WOS:000208607500004 PM 20109195 ER PT J AU Presley, GM Lonergan, W Chu, J AF Presley, Gina M. Lonergan, William Chu, Joanne TI Effects of Amphetamine on Conditioned Place Preference and Locomotion in the Male Green Tree Frog, Hyla cinerea SO BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Amphetamine; Amphibian; Catecholamine; Conditioned place preference; Dopamine; Frog; Hyla cinerea; Locomotor activity; Motivation; Motor; Non-mammal; Reward ID MALE JAPANESE-QUAIL; REWARDING PROPERTIES; INCENTIVE SALIENCE; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS; ANURAN AMPHIBIANS; PRAIRIE VOLES; MODEL SYSTEM; FEMALE RATS; BEHAVIOR; BRAIN AB Neural systems mediating motivation and reward have been well described in mammalian model systems, especially with reference to reward properties of drugs of abuse. Far less is known of the neural mechanisms underlying motivation and reward in non-mammals. The behavioral procedure conditioned place preference (CPP) is often used to quantify reward properties of psychoactive drugs. The indirect dopamine agonist d-amphetamine (AMPH) is known for its properties for inducing CPP in mammals and for inducing dose-related stereotypic movements. We used the green tree frog, Hyla cinerea, to examine whether AMPH could induce both CPP and a dose response change in motor behaviors. We demonstrated that H. cinerea can show place conditioning to AMPH following 14 days of training and that AMPH can cause reversal of a strong baseline place preference. Amphetamine- treated animals (20 mg/kg b.w.) received the drug paired with the previously non-preferred context, and vehicle paired with the preferred context. Control animals received vehicle in both preferred and non-preferred contexts. Amphetamine-treated animals switched context preference following conditioning, whereas control animals did not. We also demonstrated in an open-field experiment that AMPH did not cause any noticeable changes in motor movement or behaviors across a range of doses (0, 10, 20 mg/kg b.w.). This study represents the first examination of the behavioral effects of AMPH in amphibians. These results may contribute to a better understanding of the function and pharmacology of a reward system that may mediate natural behaviors in frogs and other vertebrates. Copyright (c) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Chu, Joanne] Agnes Scott Coll, Dept Biol, Decatur, GA 30030 USA. [Presley, Gina M.] Univ Alabama, Dept Justice Sci, Birmingham, AL USA. [Lonergan, William] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chu, J (reprint author), Agnes Scott Coll, Dept Biol, 141 E Coll Ave, Decatur, GA 30030 USA. EM jchu@agnesscott.edu FU HHMI [52005140]; NIH/NIGMS Research Initiative for Scientific Enhancement (RISE) at Spelman College, Atlanta, Ga.; National Science Foundation; NSF/STC - Center for Behavioral Neuroscience [IBN-9876754]; NIH/NCMHD RIMI [P20 MD000215] FX We would like to thank the two anonymous reviewers for their thorough comments on the original submission of the manuscript, Gertie for the illustration of the conditioning chamber, Ni-cole Rankine for excellent technical support, and Brittany Johnson for her assistance on the behavioral experiments. This work was supported by HHMI Undergraduate Science Program Award No. 52005140 and NIH/NIGMS Research Initiative for Scientific Enhancement (RISE) at Spelman College, Atlanta, Ga., to G. M. P. Research support was provided by funding from the National Science Foundation, the NSF/STC - Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, IBN-9876754 and NIH/NCMHD RIMI, P20 MD000215, to J.C. NR 64 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0006-8977 J9 BRAIN BEHAV EVOLUT JI Brain Behav. Evol. PY 2010 VL 75 IS 4 BP 262 EP 270 DI 10.1159/000314901 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Zoology GA 648FI UT WOS:000281675400005 PM 20587994 ER PT J AU Ramsey, SD Zeliadt, SB Richardson, LC Pollack, LA Linden, H Blough, DK Cheteri, MK Tock, L Nagy, K Anderson, N AF Ramsey, Scott D. Zeliadt, Steven B. Richardson, Lisa C. Pollack, Lori A. Linden, Hannah Blough, David K. Cheteri, Mahesh Keitheri Tock, Lauri Nagy, Krisztina Anderson, Nancy TI Discontinuation of Radiation Treatment among Medicaid-Enrolled Women with Local and Regional Stage Breast Cancer SO BREAST JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE breast cancer; medicaid; radiation treatment discontinuation ID CARCINOMA-IN-SITU; SURGICAL ADJUVANT BREAST; CONSERVING TREATMENT; COLORECTAL-CANCER; THERAPY; CHEMOTHERAPY; RADIOTHERAPY; INSURANCE; SURVIVAL; RACE AB For women with nonmetastatic breast cancer, radiation therapy is recommended as a necessary component of the breast conserving surgery (BCS) treatment option. The degree to which Medicaid-enrolled women complete recommended radiation therapy protocols is not known. We evaluate radiation treatment completion rates for Medicaid enrollees aged 18-64 diagnosed with breast cancer. We determine clinical and socio-demographic factors associated with not starting treatment, and with interruptions or not completing radiation treatment. Using data from the Washington State Cancer Registry linked to Medicaid enrollment and claims records, we identified Medicaid enrollees diagnosed with breast cancer from 1997 to 2003 who received BCS. Among the 402 women who met inclusion criteria, 105 (26%) did not receive any radiation. Factors significantly associated with not receiving radiation included in situ disease and non-English as a primary language. Among those who received at least one radiation treatment, 65 (22%) failed to complete therapy and 71 (24%) patients had at least one 5 to 30 day gap in treatment. We found no significant predictors of interruptions in treatment or early discontinuation. A substantial proportion of Medicaid-insured women who are eligible for radiation therapy following BCS either fail to receive any treatment, experience significant interruptions during therapy, or do not complete a minimum course of treatment. More effort is needed to ensure this vulnerable population receives adequate radiation following BCS. C1 [Ramsey, Scott D.; Zeliadt, Steven B.; Tock, Lauri] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Zeliadt, Steven B.] Hlth Serv Res & Dev Ctr Excellence, Seattle, WA USA. [Zeliadt, Steven B.] VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. [Richardson, Lisa C.; Pollack, Lori A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Linden, Hannah] Univ Washington, Div Oncol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Blough, David K.] Univ Washington, Dept Pharm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Cheteri, Mahesh Keitheri] Washington State Canc Registry, Washington State Dept Hlth, Olympia, WA USA. [Nagy, Krisztina] Univ Washington, Dept Econ, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Anderson, Nancy] Dept Social & Hlth Serv, Olympia, WA USA. RP Ramsey, SD (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, 1100 Fairview Ave N,M3-B232, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM sramsey@fhcrc.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Prevention Research Centers Program, through the University of Washington Health Promotion Research Center [1-U48-DP-000050 SIP 7-05] FX This publication was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number 1-U48-DP-000050 SIP 7-05 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Prevention Research Centers Program, through the University of Washington Health Promotion Research Center. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1075-122X J9 BREAST J JI Breast J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 20 EP 27 DI 10.1111/j.1524-4741.2009.00865.x PG 8 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 542FL UT WOS:000273478300005 PM 19929888 ER PT J AU Glew, RS Amoako-Atta, B Ankar-Brewoo, G Presley, J Chuang, LT Millson, M Smith, BR Glew, RH AF Glew, R. S. Amoako-Atta, B. Ankar-Brewoo, G. Presley, J. Chuang, L-T Millson, M. Smith, B. R. Glew, R. H. TI Furthering an understanding of West African plant foods Mineral, fatty acid and protein content of seven cultivated indigenous leafy vegetables of Ghana SO BRITISH FOOD JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Proteins; Minerals; Food products; Ghana; Plants; Africa ID COMPLEMENTARY FOODS; AMINO-ACIDS; NIGER AB Purpose - The main purpose of this paper is to determine the content of amino acids, fatty acids and minerals in seven indigenous leafy vegetables (ILVs) in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach - Leaves from plants growing near Kumasi were milled to a fine powder, dried to constant weight in a vacuum desiccator, and analyzed for their content of the afore-mentioned nutrients. The plants were: Hibiscus sabdarija, Hibiscus cannabinus, Amaranthus cruentus, Corchorus oliforius, Solanum macrocarpon, Xanthomosa sagittifolium and Vigna unguiculatus. Findings - All seven ILVs contained a large amount of protein (15.5-22.8 percent), which compared favorably to the essential amino acid pattern of a WHO standard. They all contained nutritionally useful amounts of alpha-linolenic acid and had an omega-6/omega-3 ratio of 0.1-0.9. The seven ILVs contained quantities of calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum and zinc that could contribute significantly to satisfying an individual's need for these elements. Research limitations/implications - The presence of relatively large amounts of various nutritionally essential macro- and micronutrients in these seven ILVs does not necessarily mean these nutrients are bioavailable. Future research is required to determine the amounts of anti-nutrients (e.g. protease inhibitors, chelators) in these vegetables, and the extent to which their protein, lipid and mineral constituents are digested and/or absorbed. Originality/value - Since malnutrition (e.g. iron-deficiency anemia, rickets, zinc deficiency, protein-calorie malnutrition) is common in sub-Saharan Africa, the information which is provided should increase awareness among agricultural and public health officials of the nutritional value of seven underappreciated and underutilized ILVs that are indigenous to Ghana and many other parts of Africa. C1 [Glew, R. H.] Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Glew, R. S.] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Adv Study Int Dev, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Amoako-Atta, B.] Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, Kumasi, Ghana. [Ankar-Brewoo, G.] Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biochem, Kumasi, Ghana. [Presley, J.; Smith, B. R.] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr Prote Core Facil, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Chuang, L-T] Yuanpei Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Hsinchu, Taiwan. [Millson, M.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Glew, RH (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM rglew@salud.unm.edu NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 13 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LIMITED PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0007-070X EI 1758-4108 J9 BRIT FOOD J JI Br. Food J. PY 2010 VL 112 IS 10-11 BP 1102 EP 1114 DI 10.1108/00070701011080230 PG 13 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 698CV UT WOS:000285570000005 ER PT J AU Moriarty, CM Jensen, JD Stryker, JE AF Moriarty, Cortney M. Jensen, Jakob D. Stryker, Jo Ellen TI Frequently cited sources in cancer news coverage: a content analysis examining the relationship between cancer news content and source citation SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Cancer; Media; Cancer control; Journalists ID MEDIA COVERAGE; BREAST-CANCER; SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHY; PUBLICATION BIAS; HEALTH RESEARCH; PRESS RELEASES; POPULAR PRESS; INFORMATION; TELEVISION; PREVENTION AB The media are a frequent and sometimes sole source of cancer information for many people. News coverage of cancer can be influential to cancer-related practices such as prevention or detection behaviors, and sources cited by journalists may be influential in shaping this coverage. A content analysis (n = 3,656 stories) revealed that the most frequently cited sources in cancer news articles-research institutions and medical journals-receive disproportionately more attention compared to the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the American Cancer Society (ACS), and pharmaceutical companies. Research institutions were cited twice as frequently as medical journals, and more than three times as frequently as pharmaceutical companies. Most clinical trial stories were optimistic or neutral in tone, and tone was significantly related to citations of pharmaceutical companies and medical journals. Implications for effects of cancer coverage on behaviors, and the influence of sources such as research institutions and pharmaceutical companies, are discussed. C1 [Moriarty, Cortney M.] Coll Mt St Vincent, Dept Commun, Riverdale, NY 10471 USA. [Jensen, Jakob D.] Purdue Univ, Dept Commun, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Stryker, Jo Ellen] Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Res & Evaluat Prevent Commun Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Moriarty, CM (reprint author), Coll Mt St Vincent, Dept Commun, 6301 Riverdale Ave, Riverdale, NY 10471 USA. EM cortney.moriarty@mountsaintvincent.edu RI Jensen, Jakob/K-7064-2012 OI Jensen, Jakob/0000-0002-6959-7090 FU National Cancer Institute [CA98437-01A1] FX The authors thank Viviana Abuchar, Ryan Hurley, and Gina Tassio for assistance in data coding. This research was conducted with funding from the National Cancer Institute, CA98437-01A1. NR 53 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD JAN PY 2010 VL 21 IS 1 BP 41 EP 49 DI 10.1007/s10552-009-9432-x PG 9 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 543FB UT WOS:000273555400005 PM 19784789 ER PT J AU Weinmann, S Shapiro, JA Rybicki, BA Enger, SM Van Den Eeden, SK Richert-Boe, KE Weiss, NS AF Weinmann, Sheila Shapiro, Jean A. Rybicki, Benjamin A. Enger, Shelley M. Van Den Eeden, Stephen K. Richert-Boe, Kathryn E. Weiss, Noel S. TI Medical history, body size, and cigarette smoking in relation to fatal prostate cancer SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Epidemiologic studies; Prostatic neoplasms; Mortality; Smoking; Body size ID UNITED-STATES MEN; DIABETES-MELLITUS; FOLLOW-UP; RISK-FACTORS; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; WEIGHT CHANGE; TOBACCO USE; MASS INDEX; US ADULTS; VASECTOMY AB Prostate cancer has few known risk factors. As part of a population-based case-control study conducted in four health maintenance organizations, the authors examined the associations between fatal prostate cancer and several medical and behavioral characteristics. Cases were 768 health plan members who died of prostate adenocarcinoma during the period 1997-2001. We randomly selected controls (929) from the health plan membership and matched them to cases on health plan, age, race, and pattern of health plan membership. We examined medical records to obtain information on potential risk factors during the 10 years before the date on which prostate cancer was first suspected; the same reference date was used for the matched controls. Anthropometric characteristics, as well as personal histories of benign prostatic hypertrophy, transurethral prostatectomy, cancer, diabetes, prostatitis, hypertension, and vasectomy were largely similar for cases and controls. Men who died from prostate cancer were more likely than controls to have been cigarette smokers according to the most recent smoking notation before the reference date (odds ratio 1.5, 95% confidence interval 1.1-2.0). The observed increase in risk associated with recent cigarette smoking is consistent with the findings of several other studies. However, in contrast with some reports, we observed no connection between fatal prostate cancer and some prior health conditions or measures of body size. C1 [Weinmann, Sheila; Richert-Boe, Kathryn E.] Kaiser Permanente NW, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Shapiro, Jean A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rybicki, Benjamin A.] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Josephine Ford Canc Ctr, Detroit, MI USA. [Enger, Shelley M.] Kaiser Permanente, Dept Res & Evaluat, Pasadena, CA USA. [Van Den Eeden, Stephen K.] Kaiser Permanente, Dept Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Weiss, Noel S.] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Weinmann, S (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente NW, Ctr Hlth Res, 3800 N Interstate Ave, Portland, OR USA. EM Sheila.Weinmann@kpchr.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Purchase Order [MLM000HCL84-2004-10249] FX This research was supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Purchase Order MLM000HCL84-2004-10249 and Task Order 0953-20. NR 57 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD JAN PY 2010 VL 21 IS 1 BP 117 EP 125 DI 10.1007/s10552-009-9441-9 PG 9 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 543FB UT WOS:000273555400014 PM 19816779 ER PT B AU Fowler, BA AF Fowler, Bruce A. BE Zalups, RK Koropatnick, J TI Molecular and Cell Biology of Lead SO CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF METALS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID AMINOLEVULINIC-ACID DEHYDRATASE; MALE REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; DNA STRAND BREAKS; FISHER 344 RATS; NF-KAPPA-B; OXIDATIVE STRESS; BINDING-PROTEINS; INDUCED HYPERTENSION; IN-VITRO; GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE C1 Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fowler, BA (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 126 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-5998-4; 978-1-4200-5997-7 PY 2010 BP 113 EP 126 DI 10.1201/9781420059984-c4 D2 10.1201/9781420059984 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Materials Science GA BQR81 UT WOS:000281677300005 ER PT J AU Pickering, LK AF Pickering, L. K. TI ROTAVIRUS GASTROENTERITIS SO CHILD CARE HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pickering, L. K.] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0305-1862 J9 CHILD CARE HLTH DEV JI Child Care Health Dev. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 36 SU 1 BP 20 EP 20 PG 1 WC Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Pediatrics GA 544EV UT WOS:000273636500048 ER PT J AU Grosse, SD AF Grosse, Scott D. TI Late-Treated Phenylketonuria and Partial Reversibility of Intellectual Impairment SO CHILD DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID WHITE-MATTER ABNORMALITIES; BARRIER PHENYLALANINE TRANSPORT; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTROSCOPY; DIETARY-TREATMENT; CLASSICAL PHENYLKETONURIA; MATERNAL PHENYLKETONURIA; FINAL INTELLIGENCE; FOLLOW-UP; PAH GENE; CHILDREN AB Individuals with late-treated phenylketonuria (PKU) not detected by newborn screening but who followed dietary treatment for at least 12 months before 7 years of age have intelligence quotient (IQ) scores that range from severe impairment to the low-normal range. Among adults with late-treated PKU in California, 85% of those who were born from 1961 to 1978 had IQ scores of 70 or above. Longitudinal studies with repeated cognitive assessments often show average changes in cognitive test scores as high as 20-45 points. Although the severe cognitive impairment associated with untreated PKU can in many cases be partially reversed with dietary treatment, prompt initiation of treatment following newborn metabolic screening is essential for optimal development and the prevention of disability. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-87, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgrosse@cdc.gov NR 76 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0009-3920 J9 CHILD DEV JI Child Dev. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 81 IS 1 BP 200 EP 211 PG 12 WC Psychology, Educational; Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA 552QM UT WOS:000274308300012 PM 20331662 ER PT J AU Morrison, H Posner, SF AF Morrison, Howard Posner, Samuel F. TI Chronic Diseases in Canada and Preventing Chronic Disease: copublishing on health in Aboriginal populations INTRODUCTION SO CHRONIC DISEASES IN CANADA LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Posner, Samuel F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM CDIC-MCC@phac-aspc.gc.ca; SPosner@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC HEALTH AGENCY CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 130 COLONNADE RD, ADDRESS LOCATOR 6501G, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0K9, CANADA SN 0228-8699 J9 CHRONIC DIS CAN JI Chronic Dis. Can. PY 2010 VL 31 IS 1 BP 1 EP 1 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 701UF UT WOS:000285848200001 ER PT J AU Basile, AJ Biggerstaff, BJ Kosoy, OL Junna, SR Panella, NA Powers, AM Stark, LM Nemeth, NM AF Basile, Alison Jane Biggerstaff, Brad J. Kosoy, Olga L. Junna, Shilpa R. Panella, Nicholas A. Powers, Ann M. Stark, Lillian M. Nemeth, Nicole M. TI Removal of Species Constraints in Antibody Detection SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAYS; ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; EPITOPES; IDENTIFICATION; GLYCOPROTEIN; PROTEIN AB Serum antibodies from myriad species, particularly birds, can provide key information regarding the transmission and the expansion of the territory of emerging pathogens. Expedient antibody analysis is constrained by a lack of species-specific reagents, a deficiency potentially highlighted by the recent swine-origin influenza A virus (H1N1) outbreak. Available methodologies present difficulties that discourage thorough serologic monitoring of potential disease vectors or hosts. Rapid high-throughput procedures that combined serum amine labeling via biotinylation, contaminant removal, and microsphere-based immunoassays for antibodies to three arboviruses were developed. Agent-specific adaptations of this simple format should facilitate expanded surveillance and diagnostic capabilities regarding pathogens of human and veterinary importance. C1 [Basile, Alison Jane; Biggerstaff, Brad J.; Kosoy, Olga L.; Panella, Nicholas A.; Powers, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Stark, Lillian M.] Bur Labs Tampa, Florida Dept Hlth, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. [Junna, Shilpa R.] Poudre High Sch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Nemeth, Nicole M.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Basile, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM ajj1@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 17 IS 1 BP 56 EP 61 DI 10.1128/CVI.00291-09 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 539ED UT WOS:000273235500005 PM 19923570 ER PT J AU Munoz, C Gomez, BL Tobon, A Arango, K Restrepo, A Correa, MM Muskus, C Cano, LE Gonzalez, A AF Munoz, Cesar Gomez, Beatriz L. Tobon, Angela Arango, Karen Restrepo, Angela Correa, Margarita M. Muskus, Carlos Elena Cano, Luz Gonzalez, Angel TI Validation and Clinical Application of a Molecular Method for Identification of Histoplasma capsulatum in Human Specimens in Colombia, South America SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; ANTIGEN-DETECTION; VAR. CAPSULATUM; FRENCH-GUIANA; DIAGNOSIS; ASSAY; INFECTION; HIV; COUNTRIES; THERAPY AB The conventional means of diagnosis of histoplasmosis presents difficulties because of the delay to the time that the diagnosis is made, indicating the need for the implementation of molecular assays. We evaluated 146 clinical samples from 135 patients suspected of having histoplasmosis using a previously reported nested PCR assay for the Histoplasma capsulatum-specific 100-kDa protein (the Hc100 PCR). In order to determine the specificity of this molecular test, we also used samples from healthy individuals (n = 20), patients suspected of having respiratory disease with negative fungal cultures (n = 29), and patients with other proven infections (n = 60). Additionally, a sizable collection of DNA from cultures of H. capsulatum and other medically relevant pathogens was studied. A panfungal PCR assay that amplified the internal transcribed spacer 2 region was also used to identify all fungal DNAs. All PCR-amplified products were sequenced. Of the 146 clinical samples, 67 (45.9%) were positive by culture and PCR, while 9 samples negative by culture were positive by PCR. All the sequences corresponding to the 76 amplified products presented >= 98% identity with H. capsulatum. The Hc100 PCR exhibited a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 92.4% and 95.2% when the results were compared to those for the negative controls and samples from other proven clinical entities, respectively; the positive predictive value was 83% and the negative predictive value was 100%; the positive and negative likelihood rates were 25 and 0, respectively. These results suggest that the Hc100 nested PCR assay for the detection of H. capsulatum DNA is a useful test in areas where mycosis caused by this organism is endemic. C1 [Munoz, Cesar; Tobon, Angela; Arango, Karen; Restrepo, Angela; Elena Cano, Luz; Gonzalez, Angel] CIB, Med & Expt Mycol Unit, Medellin, Colombia. [Correa, Margarita M.] Univ Antioquia, Escuela Microbiol, Mol Microbiol Grp, Medellin, Colombia. [Munoz, Cesar; Gomez, Beatriz L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tobon, Angela] Hosp La Maria, Medellin, Colombia. [Muskus, Carlos] Univ Antioquia, PECET, Medellin, Colombia. RP Gonzalez, A (reprint author), CIB, Med & Expt Mycol Unit, Carrera 72A 78,B141, Medellin, Colombia. EM agonzalezm@cib.org.co FU Research Committee (CODI) of the Universidad de Antioquia; American Society for Microbiology; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; Coccidioides DNA and Mary Brandt FX We thank Mark Lindsley for providing Coccidioides DNA and Mary Brandt for supporting this project. NR 34 TC 14 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 17 IS 1 BP 62 EP 67 DI 10.1128/CVI.00332-09 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 539ED UT WOS:000273235500006 PM 19940044 ER PT J AU Handali, S Klarman, M Gaspard, AN Noh, J Lee, YM Rodriguez, S Gonzalez, AE Garcia, HH Gilman, RH Tsang, VCW Wilkins, PP AF Handali, Sukwan Klarman, Molly Gaspard, Amanda N. Noh, John Lee, Yeuk-Mui Rodriguez, Silvia Gonzalez, Armando E. Garcia, Hector H. Gilman, Robert H. Tsang, Victor C. W. Wilkins, Patricia P. TI Multiantigen Print Immunoassay for Comparison of Diagnostic Antigens for Taenia solium Cysticercosis and Taeniasis SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; IMMUNOELECTROTRANSFER BLOT ASSAY; CONNECTIVE-TISSUE DISORDERS; MULTICENTER VALIDATION; SYNTHETIC 8-KD; ENZYME; NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS; RECOMBINANT; CLONING; AUTOANTIBODIES AB One of the best-characterized tests for the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis is the enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot assay, developed at the CDC, which uses lentil lectin-purified glycoproteins (LLGPs) extracted from Taenia solium cysticerci. The purification of the LLGP antigens has been difficult to standardize, and the polyacrylamide gel system used for the immunoblot assay is not easily transferable to other laboratories. In this study, we developed a multiantigen printing immunoassay (MAPIA) to compare the performance of multiple recombinant Taenia solium proteins with the potential for the detection of cysticercosis and taeniasis. We prepared MAPIA strips using six cysticercosis and two taeniasis diagnostic proteins and compared the performance of the proteins with sera collected from defined cysticercosis and taeniasis cases. Of the six cysticercosis antigens, rT24H performed well in detecting cases with two or more viable cysts in the brain (sensitivity and specificity, 97% and 99.4%, respectively); the use of a combination of cysticercosis antigens did not improve the sensitivity of the test and decreased the specificity. None of the antigens could differentiate the different clinical presentations of cysticercosis. Both of the taeniasis antigens (rES33 and rES38) had the same sensitivity of 99.4% and specificities of 93.9% and 94.5%, respectively. Some cross-reactivity against rES33 and rES38 was found, especially with sera from cases infected with Schistosoma mansoni. We conclude that MAPIA is a simple and effective tool that may be used to compare antibody responses to different cysticercosis and taeniasis antigens and, in this case, may be useful for the rapid detection of T. solium cases. C1 [Handali, Sukwan; Klarman, Molly; Gaspard, Amanda N.; Noh, John; Lee, Yeuk-Mui; Wilkins, Patricia P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rodriguez, Silvia; Garcia, Hector H.] Inst Ciencias Neurol, Cysticercosis Unit, Lima, Peru. [Gonzalez, Armando E.] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Sch Vet Med, Lima 14, Peru. [Gonzalez, Armando E.; Garcia, Hector H.; Gilman, Robert H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Garcia, Hector H.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Dept Microbiol, Lima, Peru. [Garcia, Hector H.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Ctr Global Hlth, Lima, Peru. [Tsang, Victor C. W.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Handali, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, 4770 Buford Highway, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM ahi0@cdc.gov FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [23981]; CDC Epilepsy Program; Fogarty International Center [D43 TW001140] FX This work was supported in part by a grant (grant 23981) from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the CDC Epilepsy Program, and the Fogarty International Center (training grant D43 TW001140) (to H. H. G.). NR 22 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 17 IS 1 BP 68 EP 72 DI 10.1128/CVI.00339-09 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 539ED UT WOS:000273235500007 PM 19906893 ER PT J AU Luo, T Zhang, XF Nicholson, WL Zhu, B McBride, JW AF Luo, Tian Zhang, Xiaofeng Nicholson, William L. Zhu, Bing McBride, Jere W. TI Molecular Characterization of Antibody Epitopes of Ehrlichia chaffeensis Ankyrin Protein 200 and Tandem Repeat Protein 47 and Evaluation of Synthetic Immunodeterminants for Serodiagnosis of Human Monocytotropic Ehrlichiosis SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LENGTH-PCR-TARGET; RECOMBINANT 120-KILODALTON PROTEIN; HUMAN GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIOSIS; MAJOR IMMUNOREACTIVE PROTEIN; HUMAN MONOCYTIC EHRLICHIOSIS; CANIS INFECTION; CLONING; GENE; ORTHOLOGS; IDENTIFICATION AB Recently, major species-specific antibody epitopes in three immunoreactive tandem repeat proteins (TRPs) of Ehrlichia chaffeensis, TRP32, TRP47, and TRP120, have been identified and molecularly characterized within tandem repeat (TR) regions. In this study, we mapped the major immunodeterminants of the E. chaffeensis 200-kDa ankyrin protein (Ank200) and the minor immunodeterminants in the N-and C-terminal regions of E. chaffeensis TRP47. Major antibody epitopes of Ank200 were localized to four polypeptide regions (18-mer, 20-mer, 20-mer, and 21-mer, respectively) in terminal acidic domains, which reacted with antibodies in sera from human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis (HME) patients and an E. chaffeensis-infected dog. Two minor epitope-containing regions were identified in the N terminus and the C terminus of TRP47. The sensitivities and specificities of synthetic peptides representing these and other well-defined major immunodeterminants of E. chaffeensis were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Thirty-one HME patient serum samples that had detectable E. chaffeensis antibodies (titers from 64 to 8,192) by indirect fluorescent-antibody assay (IFA) were tested. All 31 serum samples reacted with at least one E. chaffeensis peptide, 30 (96.8%) with TRP120 peptides, 27 (87.1%) with TRP32 peptides, 24 (77.4%) with TRP47 peptides, 19 (61.3%) with Ank200 peptides, and 28 (90.3%) with recombinant TRP120-TR protein. A mixture of the two most sensitive peptides from TRP120 and TRP32 did not provide enhanced analytical sensitivity compared to that provided by TRP120 alone. Our results demonstrate that the TRP120 peptide can be utilized for development of standardized sensitive point-of-care and reference laboratory immunodiagnostics for HME. This is the first study to compare analysis of molecularly defined major antibody epitopes with IFA for diagnosis of HME. C1 [Luo, Tian; Zhang, Xiaofeng; Zhu, Bing; McBride, Jere W.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [McBride, Jere W.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [McBride, Jere W.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Ctr Biodef & Emerging Infect Dis, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [McBride, Jere W.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Sealy Ctr Vaccine Dev, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [McBride, Jere W.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Inst Human Infect & Immun, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Nicholson, William L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McBride, JW (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM jemcbrid@utmb.edu FU National Institutes of Health [AI 071145, AI 069270]; Clayton Foundation for Research FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grant AI 071145, AI 069270, and the Clayton Foundation for Research. NR 33 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 17 IS 1 BP 87 EP 97 DI 10.1128/CVI.00331-09 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 539ED UT WOS:000273235500010 PM 19955322 ER PT J AU Branda, JA Aguero-Rosenfeld, ME Ferraro, MJ Johnson, BJB Wormser, GP Steere, AC AF Branda, John A. Aguero-Rosenfeld, Maria E. Ferraro, Mary Jane Johnson, Barbara J. B. Wormser, Gary P. Steere, Allen C. TI 2-Tiered Antibody Testing for Early and Late Lyme Disease Using Only an Immunoglobulin G Blot with the Addition of a VlsE Band as the Second-Tier Test SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; CLINICAL-DIAGNOSIS; C6 PEPTIDE; IGG ELISA; SERODIAGNOSIS; OVERDIAGNOSIS; RESPONSES; ACCURACY AB Background. Standard 2-tiered immunoglobulin G (IgG) testing has performed well in late Lyme disease (LD), but IgM testing early in the illness has been problematic. IgG VlsE antibody testing, by itself, improves early sensitivity, but may lower specificity. We studied whether elements of the 2 approaches could be combined to produce a second-tier IgG blot that performs well throughout the infection. Methods. Separate serum sets from LD patients and control subjects were tested independently at 2 medical centers using whole-cell enzyme immunoassays and IgM and IgG immunoblots, with recombinant VlsE added to the IgG blots. The results from both centers were combined, and a new second-tier IgG algorithm was developed. Results. With standard 2-tiered IgM and IgG testing, 31% of patients with active erythema migrans (stage 1), 63% of those with acute neuroborreliosis or carditis (stage 2), and 100% of those with arthritis or late neurologic involvement (stage 3) had positive results. Using new IgG criteria, in which only the VlsE band was scored as a second-tier test among patients with early LD (stage 1 or 2) and >= 5 of 11 IgG bands were required in those with stage 3 LD, 34% of patients with stage 1, 96% of those with stage 2, and 100% of those with stage 3 infection had positive responses. Both new and standard testing achieved 100% specificity. Conclusions. Compared with standard IgM and IgG testing, the new IgG algorithm (with VlsE band) eliminates the need for IgM testing; it provides comparable or better sensitivity, and it maintains high specificity. C1 [Branda, John A.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Clin Microbiol Lab, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Ferraro, Mary Jane; Steere, Allen C.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Ferraro, Mary Jane; Steere, Allen C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Aguero-Rosenfeld, Maria E.; Wormser, Gary P.] New York Med Coll, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. [Aguero-Rosenfeld, Maria E.] New York Med Coll, Dept Pathol, Div Infect Dis, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. [Johnson, Barbara J. B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Branda, JA (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Clin Microbiol Lab, Dept Pathol, GRB 526, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM branda.john@mgh.harvard.edu FU Viramed Biotech AG; Diasorin. G. P. W.; Immunetics, BioRad Laboratories, and Diasorin FX A. C. S. received a research grant from Viramed Biotech AG to fund this study. J. A. B. has received a research grant from Diasorin. G. P. W. has received research grants from Immunetics, BioRad Laboratories, and Diasorin. M. J. F. is a member of the scientific advisory board at bioMerieux. All other authors: no conflicts. NR 24 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 6 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 50 IS 1 BP 20 EP 26 DI 10.1086/648674 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 539YO UT WOS:000273296500004 PM 19947857 ER PT J AU Schecter, GF Scott, C True, L Raftery, A Flood, J Mase, S AF Schecter, G. F. Scott, C. True, L. Raftery, A. Flood, J. Mase, S. TI Linezolid in the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; OPTIC NEUROPATHY; TOLERABILITY; SAFETY; EFFICACY; OXAZOLIDINONES; COMPLEX AB Background. Linezolid is a new antibiotic with activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro and in animal studies. Several small case series suggest that linezolid is poorly tolerated because of the side effects of anemia/thrombocytopenia and peripheral neuropathy. To characterize our clinical experience with linezolid, the California Department of Public Health Tuberculosis Control Branch's Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) Service reviewed cases in which the MDR-TB treatment regimens included linezolid therapy. Methods. Record review was performed for 30 patients treated with linezolid as part of an MDR-TB regimen. Data were collected on clinical and microbiological characteristics, linezolid tolerability, and treatment outcomes. The dosage of linezolid was 600 mg daily. Vitamin B6 at a dosage of 50-100 mg daily was used to mitigate hematologic toxicity. Results. During 2003-2007, 30 patients received linezolid for the treatment of MDR-TB. Patients had isolates resistant to a median of 5 drugs (range, 2-13 drugs). Of the 30 cases, 29 (97%) were pulmonary; of these 29, 21 (72%) had positive results of acid-fast bacilli smear, and 16 (55%) were cavitary. Culture conversion occurred in all pulmonary cases at a median of 7 weeks. At data censure (31 December 2008), 22 (73%) of 30 patients had successfully completed treatment. Five continued to receive treatment. There were no deaths. Three patients had a poor outcome, including 2 defaults and 1 treatment failure. Side effects occurred in 9 patients, including peripheral and optic neuropathy, anemia/thrombocytopenia, rash, and diarrhea. However, only 3 patients stopped linezolid treatment because of side effects. Conclusions. Linezolid was well tolerated, had low rates of discontinuation, and may have efficacy in the treatment of MDR-TB. C1 [Schecter, G. F.; Scott, C.; True, L.; Flood, J.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, TB Control Branch, Div Communicable Dis Control, Ctr Infect Dis, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Raftery, A.] Francis J Curry Natl TB Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. [Scott, C.; Mase, S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Field Serv & Evaluat Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schecter, GF (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, TB Control Branch, Div Communicable Dis Control, Ctr Infect Dis, 850 Marina Bay Pkwy,Bldg P,2nd Fl, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. EM gisela.schecter@cdph.ca.gov NR 22 TC 94 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 16 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 50 IS 1 BP 49 EP 55 DI 10.1086/648675 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 539YO UT WOS:000273296500008 PM 19947856 ER PT J AU Rahman, KM Islam, S Rahman, MW Kenah, E Galive, CM Zahid, MM Maguire, J Rahman, M Haque, R Luby, SP Bern, C AF Rahman, Kazi Mizanur Islam, Shamim Rahman, Muhammad Waliur Kenah, Eben Galive, Chowdhury Mohammad Zahid, M. M. Maguire, James Rahman, Mahmudur Haque, Rashidul Luby, Stephen P. Bern, Caryn TI Increasing Incidence of Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis in a Population-Based Study in Bangladesh SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SITUATION; IMPACT; INDIA AB Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) occurs after kala-azar treatment and acts as a durable infection reservoir. On the basis of active case finding among 22,699 respondents, 813 (3.6%) had had kala-azar since 2002, of whom 79 (9.7%) developed PKDL. Eight additional patients with PKDL had no history of kala-azar. Annual kala-azar incidence peaked at 85 cases per 10,000 person-years in 2004 and fell to 46 cases per 10,000 person-years in 2007, but PKDL incidence rose from 1 case per 10,000 person-years in 2002-2004 to 21 cases per 10,000 person-years in 2007. The rising PKDL incidence threatens the regional visceral leishmaniasis elimination initiative and underscores the urgent need for more effective PKDL diagnosis and treatment. C1 [Bern, Caryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Rahman, Mahmudur] Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Kenah, Eben] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Maguire, James] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Bern, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Parasit Dis, MS F-22,4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM CBern@cdc.gov FU US Agency for International Development-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention interagency [GHN-T-00-06-00001-00]; National Institutes of Health [F32GM085945] FX The study was funded by US Agency for International Development-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention interagency agreement GHN-T-00-06-00001-00. E. K.'s participation was funded by National Institutes of Health grant F32GM085945. NR 19 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 50 IS 1 BP 73 EP 76 DI 10.1086/648727 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 539YO UT WOS:000273296500012 PM 19951168 ER PT J AU Saran, R Hedgeman, E Plantinga, L Burrows, NR Gillespie, BW Young, EW Coresh, J Pavkov, M Williams, D Powe, NR AF Saran, Rajiv Hedgeman, Elizabeth Plantinga, Laura Burrows, Nilka Rios Gillespie, Brenda W. Young, Eric W. Coresh, Josef Pavkov, Meda Williams, Desmond Powe, Neil R. CA CKD Surveillance Team TI Establishing a National Chronic Kidney Disease Surveillance System for the United States SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROSPECTIVE COHORT; DESIGN; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; PREVALENCE; OBJECTIVES; AWARENESS; OUTCOMES; PROGRAM; TRENDS; RISK AB Despite the recognized importance of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the United States currently lacks a comprehensive, systematic surveillance program that captures and tracks all aspects of CKD in the population. As part of its CKD Initiative, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded two teams to jointly initiate the development of a CKD surveillance system. Here, we describe the process and methods used to establish this national CDC CKD Surveillance System. The major CKD components covered include burden (incidence and prevalence), risk factors, awareness, health consequences, processes and quality of care, and health system capacity issues. Goals include regular reporting of the data collected, plus development of a dynamic project web site and periodic issuance of a CKD fact sheet. We anticipate that this system will provide an important foundation for widespread efforts toward primary prevention, earlier detection, and implementation of optimal disease management strategies, with resultant increased awareness of CKD, decreased rates of CKD progression, lowered mortality, and reduced resource utilization. Final success will be measured by usage, impact, and endorsement. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 5: 152-161, 2010. doi: 10.2215/CJN.05480809 C1 [Saran, Rajiv] Univ Michigan, Div Nephrol, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA. [Saran, Rajiv; Hedgeman, Elizabeth; Gillespie, Brenda W.] Univ Michigan, Kidney Epidemiol & Cost Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA. [Gillespie, Brenda W.] Univ Michigan, Ctr Stat Consultat & Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA. [Young, Eric W.] Vet Adm Ann Arbor Healthcare Syst, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Plantinga, Laura; Powe, Neil R.] San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. [Plantinga, Laura; Powe, Neil R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Burrows, Nilka Rios; Pavkov, Meda; Williams, Desmond] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Coresh, Josef] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Coresh, Josef] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Biostat, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Coresh, Josef] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Saran, R (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Div Nephrol, Dept Internal Med, 315 W Huron,Suite 240, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA. EM rsaran@umich.edu FU CDC through the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) [U36/CCU319276, MM-0996-07/07, MM-0997-07/07] FX We gratefully acknowledge the members of our CDC CKD Surveillance System Advisory Group: Andrew S. Narva, MD; Joseph A. Vassalotti, MD, FASN; Frank (Chip) Brosius, MD; George Bakris, MD, FACP; Bobbi Wager; Ahmed Calvo, MD, MPH; Shilpa Amin, MD; Yen-pin Chiang, PhD; Ann M. O'Hare, MD; Susan Furth, MD; Diane Frankenfield; William McClellan, MD, MPH; and Alan S. Go, MD.; This project was supported under a cooperative agreement from the CDC through the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), grant number U36/CCU319276, AAMC ID numbers MM-0996-07/07 and MM-0997-07/07. Report contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the AAMC or CDC. NR 32 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC NEPHROLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1725 I ST, NW STE 510, WASHINGTON, DC 20006 USA SN 1555-9041 EI 1555-905X J9 CLIN J AM SOC NEPHRO JI Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 5 IS 1 BP 152 EP 161 DI 10.2215/CJN.05480809 PG 10 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 545CN UT WOS:000273710200022 PM 19965534 ER PT J AU Teo, CG AF Teo, C. G. TI Much meat, much malady: changing perceptions of the epidemiology of hepatitis E SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Review DE Environmental pollution; food habits; hepatitis; jaundice; review; viral; zoonosis ID E-VIRUS-INFECTION; RURAL EGYPTIAN COMMUNITIES; CROSS-SPECIES INFECTION; LOCAL GROCERY STORES; ANTI-HEV ANTIBODIES; PIG LIVERS SOLD; WILD SIKA-DEER; SEROLOGICAL EVIDENCE; UNITED-STATES; EASTERN CHINA AB Hepatitis E, which is caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV), may now be considered a zoonosis as well as an anthroponosis. Pigs, boars and deer have been identified as reservoirs, and their flesh and entrails-as meat and offal-as vehicles of HEV transmission. Shellfish also act as vehicles. Dietary, gastronomic and culinary preferences influence how extensively HEV conveyed by these vehicles can be inactivated before their ingestion by the host. Another route of infection is paved by HEV that is enterically shed by humans and by live animals into the environment. Although anthroponotic transmission of HEV is primarily environmental, zoonotic transmission may proceed along both foodborne and environmental routes. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Teo, CG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM CTeo@cdc.gov NR 149 TC 56 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1198-743X J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 24 EP 32 DI 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.03111.x PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 530ZO UT WOS:000272631700005 PM 20002688 ER PT J AU Schmid, DS Jumaan, AO AF Schmid, D. Scott Jumaan, Aisha O. TI Impact of Varicella Vaccine on Varicella-Zoster Virus Dynamics SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; REAL-TIME PCR; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CELL-MEDIATED-IMMUNITY; WILD-TYPE STRAINS; HEALTHY-CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES; LONG-TERM; BREAKTHROUGH VARICELLA AB The licensure and recommendation of varicella vaccine in the mid-1990s in the United States have led to dramatic declines in varicella incidence and varicella-related deaths and hospitalizations. Varicella outbreaks remain common and occur increasingly in highly vaccinated populations. Breakthrough varicella in vaccinated individuals is characteristically mild, typically with fewer lesions that frequently do not progress to a vesicular stage. As such, the laboratory diagnosis of varicella has grown increasingly important, particularly in outbreak settings. In this review the impact of varicella vaccine on varicella-zoster virus (VZV) disease, arising complications in the effective diagnosis and monitoring of VZV transmission, and the relative strengths and limitations of currently available laboratory diagnostic techniques are all addressed. Since disease symptoms often resolve in outbreak settings before suitable test specimens can be obtained, the need to develop new diagnostic approaches that rely on alternative patient samples is also discussed. C1 [Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Herpesvirus Team, MMRHLB, NCIRD,DVD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl VZV Lab, MMRHLB, NCIRD,DVD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jumaan, Aisha O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Herpesvirus Team, Epidemiol Branch, NCIRD,DVD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schmid, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Herpesvirus Team, MMRHLB, NCIRD,DVD, 1600 Clifton Rd,Bldg 18,Rm 6-134, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM SSchmid@cdc.gov NR 153 TC 48 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0893-8512 EI 1098-6618 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL REV JI Clin. Microbiol. Rev. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 23 IS 1 BP 202 EP + DI 10.1128/CMR.00031-09 PG 17 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 542QW UT WOS:000273511000007 PM 20065330 ER PT J AU Lopez, LM Grimes, DA Gallo, MF Schulz, KF AF Lopez, Laureen M. Grimes, David A. Gallo, Maria F. Schulz, Kenneth F. TI Skin patch and vaginal ring versus combined oral contraceptives for contraception SO COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Contraceptive Devices; Female [adverse effects]; Drug Implants [adverse effects]; Consumer Satisfaction; Contraceptive Agents; Female [administration & dosage; adverse effects]; Contraceptives; Oral; Combined [administration & dosage; adverse effects]; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Pregnancy ID 30 MU-G; CYCLE CONTROL; ETHINYL ESTRADIOL; RANDOMIZED TRIALS; HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES; HEMOSTASIS VARIABLES; HEPATIC PROTEINS; CLINICAL-TRIALS; EFFICACY; SATISFACTION AB Background The delivery of combination contraceptive steroids from a skin patch or vaginal ring offers potential advantages over the traditional oral route. The skin patch and vaginal ring could require a lower dose due to increased bioavailability and improved user compliance. Objectives To compare the contraceptive effectiveness, cycle control, adherence (compliance), and safety of the skin patch or the vaginal ring versus combination oral contraceptives (COCs). Search strategy For trials of the contraceptive patch or the vaginal ring, we searched MEDLINE, POPLINE, CENTRAL, EMBASE, LILACS, ClinicalTrials.gov, and ICTRP. We contacted manufacturers and researchers to identify other trials. Selection criteria All randomized controlled trials comparing the skin patch or vaginal ring with a COC. Data collection and analysis Data were abstracted by two authors and entered into RevMan. For dichotomous variables, the Peto odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated. For continuous variables, the mean difference was computed. Main results We found 5 trials of the skin patch and 10 of the vaginal ring. Contraceptive effectiveness was similar for the patch or ring versus the comparison COC. More patch users discontinued early than COC users: ORs were 1.59 (95% CI 1.26 to 2.00), 1.56 (95% CI 1.18 to 2.06), and 2.57 (95% CI 0.99 to 6.64). Patch users also had more discontinuation due to adverse events. Compared to COC users, patch users reported more breast discomfort, dysmenorrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Patch users reported more compliant cycles than the COC users in two trials: ORs were 2.05 (95% CI 1.83 to 2.29) and 2.76 (95% CI 2.35 to 3.24). The ring trials generally showed similar discontinuation for ring and COC users. Ring users reported less nausea, acne, irritability, and depression than COC users. Ring users had more vaginitis and leukorrhea but less vaginal dryness. Ring users had similar adherence to COC users in two trials but less adherence in one. Cycle control was generally similar for the patch and COC, and was similar or better for the ring versus COC. Authors' conclusions Effectiveness was similar for the methods compared. The patch could lead to more discontinuation while the vaginal ring showed little difference. The patch group had better compliance than the COC group but more side effects. Ring users generally had fewer adverse events than COC users but more vaginal irritation and discharge. High losses to follow up can affect the validity of the results. C1 [Lopez, Laureen M.; Grimes, David A.] Family Hlth Int, Behav & Biomed Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Gallo, Maria F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schulz, Kenneth F.] Family Hlth Int, Quantitat Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Lopez, LM (reprint author), Family Hlth Int, Behav & Biomed Res, POB 13950, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM llopez@fhi.org NR 67 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1469-493X J9 COCHRANE DB SYST REV JI Cochrane Database Syst Rev. PY 2010 IS 3 AR CD003552 DI 10.1002/14651858.CD003552.pub3 PG 112 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 570ZP UT WOS:000275717700025 PM 20238323 ER PT J AU Nisbet, MC AF Nisbet, Matthew C. BE Kahlor, LA Stout, PA TI Framing Science A New Paradigm in Public Engagement SO COMMUNICATING SCIENCE: NEW AGENDAS IN COMMUNICATION SE New Agendas in Communication LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID STEM-CELL RESEARCH; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MEDIA; BIOTECHNOLOGY; CONTROVERSY; OPINION; FRAMES; PARTICIPATION; KNOWLEDGE; EVOLUTION C1 [Nisbet, Matthew C.] American Univ, Sch Commun, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Nisbet, Matthew C.] George Mason Univ, Ctr Climate Change Commun, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Nisbet, Matthew C.] Natl Sci Fdn, Arlington, VA 22230 USA. [Nisbet, Matthew C.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nisbet, Matthew C.] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chevy Chase, MD USA. RP Nisbet, MC (reprint author), American Univ, Sch Commun, Washington, DC 20016 USA. RI Nisbet, Matthew/E-4245-2010 OI Nisbet, Matthew/0000-0001-5931-6446 NR 92 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 15 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-86763-1 J9 NEW AGENDAS COMMUN PY 2010 BP 40 EP 67 PG 28 WC Communication SC Communication GA BNE17 UT WOS:000274256600005 ER PT J AU Song, RG Harrison, KM Hanson, DL Hall, HI AF Song, Ruiguang Harrison, Kathleen McDavid Hanson, Debra L. Hall, H. Irene TI Correction of Bias in Imputing Missing Values of Categorical Variables SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE Categorical variable; Multiple imputation; Rounding bias ID MULTIPLE IMPUTATION AB Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is the most common method used in multiple imputation. However, it is not unbiased when it is applied to imputations of categorical variables. The literature has considered the problem for binary variables with only two levels. In this article, we consider more general situations. We not only evaluate the bias associated with the imputation of categorical variables using the MCMC method, but also introduce a method to correct the bias. A simulation study is conducted and an application is provided to demonstrate the advantages of using the correction factors proposed in this article. C1 [Song, Ruiguang; Harrison, Kathleen McDavid; Hanson, Debra L.; Hall, H. Irene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Song, RG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E48, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rsong@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0361-0926 EI 1532-415X J9 COMMUN STAT-THEOR M JI Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods PY 2010 VL 39 IS 2 BP 350 EP 362 DI 10.1080/03610920902750061 PG 13 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 541IU UT WOS:000273409300013 ER PT J AU Petersen, MR Deddens, JA AF Petersen, Martin R. Deddens, James A. TI Maximum Likelihood Estimation of the Log-Binomial Model SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE Log-binomial model; Maximum likelihood; Parameter space ID REGRESSION; RATIOS; RISK AB Maximum likelihood estimation of prevalence ratios using the log-binomial model is problematic when the estimates are on the boundary of the parameter space. When the model is correct, maximum likelihood is often the method of choice. The authors provide a theorem, formulas, and methodology for obtaining maximum likelihood estimators of the log-binomial model and their estimated standard errors when the solution is on the boundary of the parameter space. Examples are given to illustrate the method. C1 [Petersen, Martin R.; Deddens, James A.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Deddens, James A.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Math Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Petersen, MR (reprint author), NIOSH, Mail Stop R15,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH USA. EM mrp1@one.net NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0361-0926 J9 COMMUN STAT-THEOR M JI Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods PY 2010 VL 39 IS 5 BP 874 EP 883 AR PII 919482045 DI 10.1080/03610920902807879 PG 10 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 562KR UT WOS:000275049600010 ER PT J AU Whelan, EA AF Whelan, E. A. BE McQueen, CA TI Risk Assessment Studies: Epidemiology SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 11: REPRODUCTIVE AND ENDOCRINE TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PATERNAL OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; SPONTANEOUS-ABORTION; AGRICULTURAL HEALTH; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; ANTINEOPLASTIC DRUGS; REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; DENTAL ASSISTANTS; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY C1 NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Whelan, EA (reprint author), NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. NR 90 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6 PY 2010 BP 523 EP 533 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA BA2HG UT WOS:000333406700027 ER PT J AU Silva, EFDE O'Callaghan, JP AF da Cruz e Silva, E. F. O'Callaghan, J. P. BE McQueen, CA TI Protein Phosphatase 1 as a Potential Mediator of Aluminum Neurotoxicity SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 13: NERVOUS SYSTEM AND BEHAVIORAL TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; RAT-BRAIN; IN-VITRO; THERAPEUTIC TARGET; OKADAIC ACID; TAU; EXPOSURE; PHOSPHORYLATION C1 [da Cruz e Silva, E. F.] Univ Aveiro, P-3800 Aveiro, Portugal. [O'Callaghan, J. P.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Silva, EFDE (reprint author), Univ Aveiro, P-3800 Aveiro, Portugal. NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6 PY 2010 BP 173 EP 179 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA BA2JT UT WOS:000333465100010 ER PT J AU Liang, AP AF Liang, Arthur P. TI Decision Making: Food Safety Applications SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION LA English DT Review ID DISEASE SURVEILLANCE; CAUSATION; STATES AB Foodborne outbreak investigations are a special category of epidemiologic study. These investigations, by their nature, are not planned research studies. In addition, because there is often time pressure to determine if a problem might be ongoing and require urgent public health action, epidemiologists often need to use preliminary information as a basis for subsequent actions. Investigations often begin as a perceived increase in gastrointestinal illness without clear food-related hypotheses. They often require the use of available descriptive statistics to generate hypotheses before analytic studies are conducted to test these hypotheses. This process is usually iterative, in that it may be repeated throughout an investigation, and the epidemiologists assess the direction of the study at each step. Thus, foodborne outbreaks can be constantly evolving investigations, rather than fixed designs, and their design may change based on the analysis of incomplete data at unanticipated intervals. Historically, retrospective cohort designs are used when the at-risk population can be defined, such as at a ochurcho picnic (CDC, 1995); a case-control approach is used when the at-risk population cannot be unequivocally defined and/or enumerated (CDC, 2007). Because foodborne outbreak investigations are conducted in field settings, the approach to the investigation is subject to multiple constraints and practical considerations. Compared with planned research efforts, outbreak investigations are often characterized by limited control over many aspects of a study. Limited access, small numbers, or reluctance to participate on the part of cases and controls may limit statistical power. The investigator may be unable to collect appropriate clinical specimens and/or food samples for laboratory analysis. Bias may be potentially introduced by publicity, and the social pressure to intervene may conflict with the desire for methodological rigor. Foodborne outbreak investigations may be complicated by protracted time between exposure, illness, and investigation (Hedberg et al., 2008). Data sources may be incomplete, inaccurate, or not ideally designed for the study purpose. Case-control studies, in general, and some foodborne outbreak investigations, in particular, may be especially vulnerable to information bias (Decker et al., 1986). Self-selection bias can be a problem if ill restaurant employees are reluctant to cooperate or cases oover-remembero certain food exposures. On the other hand, foodborne outbreak investigations may be increasingly less vulnerable to misclassification of cases and controls because of the increased availability of standardized molecular subtyping in public health laboratories (Swaminathan et al., 2001). Although many textbooks emphasize o...that epidemiologic evidence by itself is insufficient to establish causalityo (Last, 2000), the field epidemiologist must balance the risks to the community against the level of uncertainty that specific interventions are necessary and appropriate. Although criteria for causal inference have been discussed since the time of Robert Koch (Evans, 1976; Hill, 1965), implicating a food vehicle as the cause of the outbreak in the final analysis comes down to the judgment of the public health professionals conducting the investigation. As with any professional judgment, a number of criteria are used, which often include consistency with findings from previous outbreaks, knowledge of the natural history of the disease, as well as the results of an epidemiologic study (Petersen and James, 1998). Desite recognized limitations and uncertainties, the utility of epidemiology and statistics in foodborne outbreak investigations has been consistently demonstrated (USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service, 2003). This article is not subject to US copyright law. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Liang, AP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1040-8398 J9 CRIT REV FOOD SCI JI Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. PY 2010 VL 50 SU 1 BP 20 EP 21 AR PII 930724853 DI 10.1080/10408398.2010.526854 PG 2 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 689UL UT WOS:000284955300007 ER PT J AU Rhodes, SD Hergenrather, KC Aronson, RE Bloom, FR Felizzola, J Wolfson, M Vissman, AT Alonzo, J Allen, AB Montano, J McGuire, J AF Rhodes, Scott D. Hergenrather, Kenneth C. Aronson, Robert E. Bloom, Fred R. Felizzola, Jesus Wolfson, Mark Vissman, Aaron T. Alonzo, Jorge Allen, Alex Boeving Montano, Jaime McGuire, Jamie TI Latino men who have sex with men and HIV in the rural south-eastern USA: findings from ethnographic in-depth interviews SO CULTURE HEALTH & SEXUALITY LA English DT Article DE gay men; HIV prevention; sexual behaviour; latino; USA ID BISEXUAL MEN; PREVENTION INTERVENTION; RISK BEHAVIOR; SAN-FRANCISCO; GAY; HEALTH; MSM; INFECTION; COMMUNITIES; PREDICTORS AB A community-based participatory research partnership explored HIV risk and potentially effective intervention characteristics to reduce exposure and transmission among immigrant Latino men who have sex with men living in the rural south-eastern USA. Twenty-one participants enrolled and completed a total of 62 ethnographic in-depth interviews. Mean age was 31 (range 18-48) years and English-language proficiency was limited; 18 participants were from Mexico. Four participants reported having sex with men and women during the past three months; two participants self-identified as male-to-female transgender. Qualitative themes that emerged included a lack of accurate information about HIV and prevention; the influence of social-political contexts to sexual risk; and barriers to healthcare services. We also identified eight characteristics of potentially effective interventions for HIV prevention. Our findings suggest that socio-political contexts must be additional targets of change to reduce and eliminate HIV health disparities experienced by immigrant Latino men who have sex with men. C1 [Rhodes, Scott D.; Wolfson, Mark; Vissman, Aaron T.; McGuire, Jamie] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Social Sci & Hlth Policy, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Rhodes, Scott D.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Infect Dis Sect, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Rhodes, Scott D.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Maya Angelou Ctr Hlth Equ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Hergenrather, Kenneth C.] George Washington Univ, Grad Sch Educ & Human Dev, Dept Counseling & Human & Org Studies, Washington, DC USA. [Aronson, Robert E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Publ Hlth Educ, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA. [Bloom, Fred R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Felizzola, Jesus] Natl Minor AIDS Educ & Training Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Alonzo, Jorge] Family Life Council, Greensboro, NC USA. [Allen, Alex Boeving] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Pediat, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Montano, Jaime] Chatham Social Hlth Council, Siler City, NC USA. RP Rhodes, SD (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Social Sci & Hlth Policy, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. EM srhodes@wfubmc.edu FU NICHD NIH HHS [R21 HD049282] NR 50 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 12 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1369-1058 J9 CULT HEALTH SEX JI Cult. Health Sex PY 2010 VL 12 IS 7 BP 797 EP 812 AR PII 923339233 DI 10.1080/13691058.2010.492432 PG 16 WC Family Studies; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Family Studies; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 640UY UT WOS:000281080300006 PM 20582764 ER PT J AU Caporaso, NE Marti, GE Vogt, RF Shim, YK Middleton, D Landgren, O AF Caporaso, Neil E. Marti, Gerald E. Vogt, Robert F., Jr. Shim, Youn K. Middleton, Dan Landgren, Ola CA Int MBL Study Grp TI Evolution of a Precursor SO CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY LA English DT Editorial Material ID CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; B-CELL LYMPHOCYTOSIS; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI; NATURAL-HISTORY; CLASSIFICATION; FAMILIES; CLONES; COUNT C1 [Caporaso, Neil E.] NCI, Pharmacogenet Sect, Genet Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet,NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Marti, Gerald E.] NIH, Flow & Image Cytometry Sect, CBER, US FDA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Vogt, Robert F., Jr.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening Branch, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shim, Youn K.; Middleton, Dan] ATSDR, Div Hlth Studies, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Landgren, Ola] NCI, Med Oncol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Caporaso, NE (reprint author), NCI, Pharmacogenet Sect, Genet Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet,NIH, EPS 7116,6120 Execut Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM caporaso@nih.gov NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1552-4949 J9 CYTOM PART B-CLIN CY JI Cytom. Part B-Clin. Cytom. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 78B IS 1 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1002/cyto.b.20508 PG 2 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology GA 538EW UT WOS:000273168100001 PM 20014321 ER PT J AU Marti, GE Shim, YK Albitar, M Middleton, D Abbasi, F Anderson, A Vogt, RF AF Marti, Gerald E. Shim, Youn K. Albitar, Maher Middleton, Dan Abbasi, Fatima Anderson, Ayana Vogt, Robert F. TI Long-Term Follow-Up of Monoclonal B-cell Lymphocytosis Detected in Environmental Health Studies SO CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY LA English DT Article DE monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis; follow-up; case report ID NATURAL-HISTORY; LEUKEMIA; BLOOD; CLONES AB Background: Four individuals in whom Monoclonal B cell Lymphocytosis (MBL) had been previously detected were evaluated for the fourth time after 15-18 years since initial testing. All four were environmental health study participants without hematologic malignancies who had elevated absolute B cell counts at initial testing. Methods: The current laboratory evaluation included complete blood counts, lymphocyte immunophenotypes, immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable (IGHV) gene mutation status, and serum tests for monoclonal immunoglobulins and free light chains. Results from this evaluation were compared with those from the three previous evaluations. Clinical status was assessed by reviewing medical records. Results: B-cell clones with phenotypic characteristics of the original MBL clone were detected in three of the four individuals. Since the last evaluation in 2003, one participant who had a clinical diagnosis of Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia had developed a diffuse large cell lymphoma and was treated. Another participant continued to show a decline in lymphocyte and B cell counts, reaching clinical lymphocytopenia and B cell lymphopenia. The MBL clone was still detectable. The remaining two participants had stable blood counts and MBL phenotypes. Neither had been diagnosed with a hematologic malignancy. However, molecular analysis revealed clonal changes in both: one showed a marked decline in the percentage of somatically-mutated B cells, and the other showed a clonal transition from IGHV3-13 to IGHV4-34. Conclusions: A diversity of clonal evolution was observed in these MBL cases. These observations suggest that long-term follow-up studies using standardized MBL subcategories are essential to understanding B-cell pathobiology and optimizing clinical management. Published 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger) C1 [Shim, Youn K.; Middleton, Dan; Anderson, Ayana] ATSDR, Div Hlth Studies, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Marti, Gerald E.; Abbasi, Fatima] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD USA. [Albitar, Maher] Nichols Inst, San Juan Capistrano, CA USA. [Vogt, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shim, YK (reprint author), ATSDR, Div Hlth Studies, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM yshim@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1552-4949 J9 CYTOM PART B-CLIN CY JI Cytom. Part B-Clin. Cytom. PY 2010 VL 78B SU 1 BP S83 EP S90 DI 10.1002/cyto.b.20522 PG 8 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology GA 647BM UT WOS:000281590700012 PM 20839341 ER PT J AU Nieto, WG Almeida, J Teodosio, C Abbasi, F Allgood, SD Connors, F Rachel, JM Ghia, P Lanasa, MC Rawstron, AC Orfao, A Caporaso, NE Hanson, CA Shim, YK Vogt, RF Marti, GE AF Nieto, Wendy G. Almeida, Julia Teodosio, Cristina Abbasi, Fatima Allgood, Sallie D. Connors, Fiona Rachel, Jane M. Ghia, Paolo Lanasa, Mark C. Rawstron, Andy C. Orfao, Alberto Caporaso, Neil E. Hanson, Curt A. Shim, Youn K. Vogt, Robert F. Marti, Gerald E. TI Commentary: Comparison of Current Flow Cytometry Methods for Monoclonal B Cell Lymphocytosis Detection SO CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY LA English DT Editorial Material DE chronic lymphocytic leukemia; immunophenotyping; lymphocyte gating ID CHRONIC LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS; MINIMAL RESIDUAL DISEASE; LEUKEMIA; CLONES; COUNT AB Monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis (MBL) is now recognized as the B-lymphocyte analogue of a monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance. MBL can be the precursor of chronic lymphocytic leukemia or associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It may be associated with an autoimmune abnormality or be related to aging (immunosenescence). The combination of available new fluorochrome-conjugated monoclonal antibody reagents, multilaser instrumentation, and improved software tools have led to a new level of multicolor analysis of MBL. Presently, several centers, including the University of Salamanca (Spain), Duke University (Durham, NC), Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN), and the National Cancer Institute (Bethesda, MD) in conjunction with the Genetics and Epidemiology of Familial chronic lymphocytic leukemia Consortium, the Food and Drug Administration (Bethesda, MD), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (Atlanta, GA) in collaboration with Saint Luke's Hospital (Kansas City, MO), the Universita Vita-Salute San Raffaele in Milan (Italy), and Leeds Teaching Hospital (UK) are all actively conducting studies on MBL. This commentary is an updated summary of the current methods used in these centers. It is important to note the diversity of use in reagents, instruments, and methods of analysis. Despite this diversity, there is a consensus in what constitutes the diagnosis of MBL and its subtypes. There is also an emerging consensus on what the next investigative steps should be. Published 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger) C1 [Abbasi, Fatima; Marti, Gerald E.] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD USA. [Nieto, Wendy G.; Almeida, Julia; Teodosio, Cristina; Orfao, Alberto] Univ Salamanca, Serv Gen Citometria, CSIC, Ctr Invest Canc,IBMCC,USAL, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain. [Nieto, Wendy G.; Almeida, Julia; Teodosio, Cristina; Orfao, Alberto] Univ Salamanca, Dept Med, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain. [Allgood, Sallie D.; Lanasa, Mark C.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Connors, Fiona; Rawstron, Andy C.] Leeds Teaching Hosp, St Jamess Inst Oncol, Hematol Malignancy Diagnost Serv, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. [Rachel, Jane M.] St Lukes Hosp, Mol Diagnost & Flow Cytometry Lab, Kansas City, MO USA. [Ghia, Paolo] Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele, Dept Oncol, Div Mol Oncol, Lab Cell Neoplasia B, Milan, Italy. [Ghia, Paolo] Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele, Dept Oncol, Lymphoma Unit, Milan, Italy. [Caporaso, Neil E.] NCI, Genet Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Hanson, Curt A.] Mayo Clin, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Rochester, MN USA. [Shim, Youn K.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vogt, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ghia, Paolo] Ist Sci San Raffaele, Milan, Italy. RP Marti, GE (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD USA. EM gemarti@mac.com RI Ghia, Paolo/K-7138-2016; OI Ghia, Paolo/0000-0003-3750-7342; Allgood, Sallie/0000-0002-0329-4572; Rawstron, Andy/0000-0003-0798-9790 NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1552-4949 J9 CYTOM PART B-CLIN CY JI Cytom. Part B-Clin. Cytom. PY 2010 VL 78B SU 1 BP S4 EP S9 DI 10.1002/cyto.b.20556 PG 6 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology GA 647BM UT WOS:000281590700003 PM 20839336 ER PT J AU Perez-Andres, M Paiva, B Nieto, WG Caraux, A Schmitz, A Almeida, J Vogt, RF Marti, GE Rawstron, AC Van Zelm, MC Van Dongen, JJM Johnsen, HE Klein, B Orfao, A AF Perez-Andres, M. Paiva, B. Nieto, W. G. Caraux, A. Schmitz, A. Almeida, J. Vogt, R. F., Jr. Marti, G. E. Rawstron, A. C. Van Zelm, M. C. Van Dongen, J. J. M. Johnsen, H. E. Klein, B. Orfao, A. CA Study MBL TI Human Peripheral Blood B-Cell Compartments: A Crossroad in B-Cell Traffic SO CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY LA English DT Review DE B-cell; peripheral blood; circulating; differentiation; subsets ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; BONE-MARROW; PLASMA-CELLS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; SEROLOGICAL MEMORY; HUMORAL IMMUNITY; FLOW-CYTOMETRY AB A relatively high number of different subsets of B-cells are generated through the differentiation of early B-cell precursors into mature B-lymphocytes in the bone marrow (BM) and antigen-triggered maturation of germinal center B-cells into memory B-lymphocytes and plasmablasts in lymphoid tissues. These B-cell subpopulations, which are produced in the BM and lymphoid tissues, recirculate through peripheral blood (PB), into different tissues including mucosa and the BM, where long-living plasma cells produce antibodies. These circulating PB B-cells can be classified according to their maturation stage into i) immature/transitional, ii) naive, and iii) memory B-lymphocytes, and iv) plasmablasts/plasma cells. Additionally, unique subsets of memory B-lymphocytes and plasmablasts/plasma cells can be identified based on their differential expression of unique Ig-heavy chain isotypes (e.g.: IgM, IgD, IgG, IgA). In the present paper, we review recent data reported in the literature about the distribution, immunophenotypic and functional characteristics of these cell subpopulations, as well as their distribution in PB according to age and seasonal changes. Additional information is also provided in this regard based on the study of a population-based cohort of 600 healthy adults aged from 20 to 80 years, recruited in the Salamanca area in western Spain. Detailed knowledge of the distribution and traffic of B-cell subsets through PB mirrors the immune status of an individual subject and it may also contribute to a better understanding of B-cell disorders related to B-cell biology and homeostasis, such as monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL). (C) 2010 International Clinical Cytometry Society C1 [Perez-Andres, M.; Paiva, B.; Nieto, W. G.; Almeida, J.; Orfao, A.] Univ Salamanca, CSIC, Ctr Invest Canc, Salamanca 37007, Spain. [Perez-Andres, M.; Nieto, W. G.; Almeida, J.; Orfao, A.] Univ Salamanca, Dept Med, Serv Cytometry, Salamanca 37007, Spain. [Paiva, B.] Hosp Univ Salamanca, Serv Hematol, Salamanca, Spain. [Caraux, A.] INSERM, U847, F-34295 Montpellier, France. [Schmitz, A.; Johnsen, H. E.] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Aalborg Hosp, Serv Hematol, Aalborg, Denmark. [Vogt, R. F., Jr.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Marti, G. E.] CBER FDA, Flow & Image Cytometry Sect, Bethesda, MD USA. [Rawstron, A. C.] St Jamess Inst Oncol, HMDS, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. [Rawstron, A. C.] St Jamess Inst Oncol, Dept Haematol, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. [Van Zelm, M. C.; Van Dongen, J. J. M.] Univ Med Ctr, Erasmus MC, Dept Immunol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Klein, B.] CHU Montpellier, Inst Res Biotherapy, F-34295 Montpellier, France. [Klein, B.] Univ Montpellier 1, F-34967 Montpellier, France. RP Orfao, A (reprint author), Univ Salamanca, CSIC, Ctr Invest Canc, Univ Coimbra S-N,Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Salamanca 37007, Spain. EM orfao@usal.es RI IBSAL, Secretaria/H-3719-2011; van Dongen, Jacques/F-8537-2015; van Zelm, Menno/O-4404-2015; OI van Dongen, Jacques/0000-0001-7686-0021; van Zelm, Menno/0000-0003-4161-1919; Lourenco Paiva, Bruno David/0000-0003-1977-3815; Rawstron, Andy/0000-0003-0798-9790 FU MSCNet European strep [E06005FF]; Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Madrid, Spain [RTICC RD06/0020/0035, PI06/0824, PS09/02430]; Gerencia Regional de Salud de castilla y Leon [GRS206/A/08]; Ayuda GR37 de Excelencia de Castilla y Leon, Consejeria de Educacion, Junta de Castilla y Leon, Valladolid, Spain; Fundacion Samuel Solorzano, Salamanca, Spain [FS/16-2008] FX Grant sponsor: MSCNet European strep; Grant number: No E06005FF; Grant sponsor: Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Madrid, Spain; Grant numbers: RTICC RD06/0020/0035, PI06/0824, PS09/02430; Grant sponsor: Gerencia Regional de Salud de castilla y Leon; Grant number: GRS206/A/08; Grant sponsor: Ayuda GR37 de Excelencia de Castilla y Leon, Consejeria de Educacion, Junta de Castilla y Leon, Valladolid, Spain; Fundacion Samuel Solorzano, Salamanca, Spain; Grant number: FS/16-2008. NR 111 TC 74 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 26 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1552-4949 J9 CYTOM PART B-CLIN CY JI Cytom. Part B-Clin. Cytom. PY 2010 VL 78B SU 1 BP S47 EP S60 DI 10.1002/cyto.b.20547 PG 14 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology GA 647BM UT WOS:000281590700009 PM 20839338 ER PT J AU Shim, YK Middleton, DC Caporaso, NE Rachel, JM Landgren, O Abbasi, F Raveche, ES Rawstron, AC Orfao, A Marti, GE Vogt, RF AF Shim, Youn K. Middleton, Dannie C. Caporaso, Neil E. Rachel, Jane M. Landgren, Ola Abbasi, Fatima Raveche, Elizabeth S. Rawstron, Andy C. Orfao, Alberto Marti, Gerald E. Vogt, Robert F. TI Prevalence of Monoclonal B-Cell Lymphocytosis: A Systematic Review SO CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY LA English DT Review DE monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis; MBL; chronic lymphocytic leukemia; CLL; prevalence; epidemiology ID NATURAL-HISTORY; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; LEUKEMIA; BLOOD; DISEASE; BURDEN; CLONES AB Background: Individuals with monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) have been identified in clinic outpatients, in unaffected relatives of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and in general populations. MBL and its relationship with CLL have been actively investigated over the last decade. This report systematically reviews the prevalence of MBL in the context of the populations studied and the evolution of laboratory methods used to define MBL. Methods: To identify published studies that have assessed the prevalence of MBL, we systematically searched the MEDLINE (R) databases and consulted with members of the International MBL Study Group. We reviewed the 10 articles that were identified by this process. We abstracted information on study populations, laboratory tests, criteria for designating MBL, and the reported frequencies. Results: Three of the ten studies were published in 2009, three between 2007 and 2008, and four between 2002 and 2004. Reported prevalences varied widely, ranging from 0.12 to 18.2%. This variability was clearly associated with both the laboratory methods and the populations studied. MBL was more common among older individuals and kindred of persons with CLL. The most common MBL subtype was CLL-like MBL. Conclusions: Large population-based studies of MBL that employ standardized laboratory methods with a consensus case definition are needed to assess prevalence and establish risk factors. These studies should include prospective follow-up of MBL cases to determine the relationship between MBL and CLL. Data from original studies should be reported in sufficient detail to allow future synthesis of information from multiple studies, such as meta-analysis. Published 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger) C1 [Shim, Youn K.; Middleton, Dannie C.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, Atlanta, GA USA. [Caporaso, Neil E.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Rachel, Jane M.] St Lukes Hosp, Kansas City, MO USA. [Landgren, Ola] NCI, Med Oncol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Abbasi, Fatima; Marti, Gerald E.] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD USA. [Raveche, Elizabeth S.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. [Rawstron, Andy C.] Leeds Teaching Hosp, St Jamess Inst Oncol, Hematol Malignancy Diagnost Serv, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. [Orfao, Alberto] Univ Hosp, Dept Med, Cytometry Serv, Canc Res Ctr,IBMCC,CSIC,USAL, Salamanca, Spain. [Orfao, Alberto] Univ Salamanca, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain. [Vogt, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shim, YK (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, Atlanta, GA USA. EM yshim@cdc.gov RI IBSAL, Secretaria/H-3719-2011; OI Rawstron, Andy/0000-0003-0798-9790 FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA129826-01A2, R01 CA129826] NR 30 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1552-4949 J9 CYTOM PART B-CLIN CY JI Cytom. Part B-Clin. Cytom. PY 2010 VL 78B SU 1 BP S10 EP S18 DI 10.1002/cyto.b.20538 PG 9 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology GA 647BM UT WOS:000281590700004 PM 20839330 ER PT S AU Munoz-Jordan, JL AF Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L. BE Rothman, AL TI Subversion of Interferon by Dengue Virus SO DENGUE VIRUS SE Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; ALPHA-INTERFERON; GENE-EXPRESSION; DENDRITIC CELL; RIG-I; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; RNA HELICASES; PROTEIN NS4B; INFECTION AB Dengue virus is sensed in mammalian cells by Toll-like receptors and DExD/H box RNA helicases, triggering a Type I interferon response. Interferon acts upon infected and noninfected cells by stimulating the JAK/STAT signaling pathway resulting in the activation of interferon stimulated genes that lead cells toward the establishment of an antiviral response. The recognition of the importance of this rapid protective response should come with the realization that dengue virus would circumvent the interferon response to propagate in the host. There is recent, mounting evidence for mechanisms encoded by the dengue virus that weaken interferon signaling. Nonstructural proteins expressed separately or in replicon vectors block phosphorylation and down-regulate expression of major components of the JAK/STAT pathway, causing reduced activation of gene expression in response to IFN alpha/beta interferon. As our understanding of viral-host interaction increases, opportunities for improved biological models and therapeutics discovery arise. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. RP Munoz-Jordan, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Dengue Branch, 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. EM ckq2@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0070-217X BN 978-3-642-02214-2 J9 CURR TOP MICROBIOL JI Curr.Top.Microbiol.Immunol. PY 2010 VL 338 BP 35 EP 44 DI 10.1007/978-3-642-02215-9_3 D2 10.1007/978-3-642-02215-9 PG 10 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA BMW93 UT WOS:000273776100003 PM 19802576 ER PT S AU Woolfitt, AR Boyer, AE Quinn, CP Hoffmaster, AR Kozel, TR De, BK Gallegos, M Moura, H Pirkle, JL Barr, JR AF Woolfitt, Adrian R. Boyer, Anne E. Quinn, Conrad P. Hoffmaster, Alex R. Kozel, Thomas R. De, Barun K. Gallegos, Maribel Moura, Hercules Pirkle, James L. Barr, John R. BE Banoub, J TI Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Bacillus anthracis: From Fingerprint Analysis of the Bacterium to Quantification of its Toxins in Clinical Samples SO DETECTION OF BIOLOGICAL AGENTS FOR THE PREVENTION OF BIOTERRORISM SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series A-Chemistry and Biology LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Detection of Biological Agents for the Prevention of Bioterrorism CY JUN 26-JUL 02, 2009 CL ITALY DE Bacillus anthracis; Anthrax; Anthrax toxin; Anthrax lethal factor; MALDI MS; Fingerprinting; Statistical analysis; Quantification ID ACID-SOLUBLE PROTEINS; INHALATION ANTHRAX; UNITED-STATES; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; PATTERN-RECOGNITION; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; LETHAL FACTOR; CEREUS; DIFFERENTIATION; BIOMARKERS AB A range of mass spectrometry-based techniques have been used to identify, characterize and differentiate Bacillus anthracis, both in culture for forensic applications and for diagnosis during infection. This range of techniques could usefully be considered to exist as a continuum, based on the degrees of specificity involved. We show two examples here, a whole-organism fingerprinting method and a high-specificity assay for one unique protein, anthrax lethal factor. C1 [Woolfitt, Adrian R.; Boyer, Anne E.; Gallegos, Maribel; Moura, Hercules; Pirkle, James L.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Quinn, Conrad P.; Hoffmaster, Alex R.; De, Barun K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kozel, Thomas R.] Univ Nevada, Sch Med, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ahw9@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-6489 BN 978-90-481-9814-6 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC A JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. A-Chem. Biol. PY 2010 BP 83 EP + DI 10.1007/978-90-481-9815-3_6 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Applied; Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Microbiology; Virology GA BUX84 UT WOS:000290640100006 ER PT S AU Kalb, SR Pirkle, JL Barr, JR AF Kalb, Suzanne R. Pirkle, James L. Barr, John R. BE Banoub, J TI Mass Spectrometric Detection of Botulinum Neurotoxin by Measuring its Activity in Serum and Milk SO DETECTION OF BIOLOGICAL AGENTS FOR THE PREVENTION OF BIOTERRORISM SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series A-Chemistry and Biology LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Detection of Biological Agents for the Prevention of Bioterrorism CY JUN 26-JUL 02, 2009 CL Terme di Spezzano, ITALY DE Botulinum neurotoxin; Mass spectrometry; MALDI; Antibody extraction ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; FOOD SAMPLES; ENDOPEP-MS; SEROTYPE-A; TOXIN; IDENTIFICATION; SNAP-25; CLEAVES AB Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are bacterial protein toxins which are considered likely agents for bioterrorism due to their extreme toxicity and high availability. A new mass spectrometry based assay called Endopep MS detects and defines the toxin serotype in clinical and food matrices via toxin activity upon a peptide substrate which mimics the toxin's natural target. Furthermore, the subtype of the toxin is differentiated by employing mass spectrometry based proteomic techniques on the same sample. The Endopep-MS assay selectively detects active BoNT and defines the serotype faster and with sensitivity greater than the mouse bioassay. One 96-well plate can be analyzed in under 7 h. On higher level or "hot" samples, the subtype can then be differentiated in less than 2 h with no need for DNA. C1 [Kalb, Suzanne R.; Pirkle, James L.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ssk7@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-6489 BN 978-90-481-9814-6 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC A JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. A-Chem. Biol. PY 2010 BP 115 EP 129 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-9815-3_8 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Applied; Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Microbiology; Virology GA BUX84 UT WOS:000290640100008 ER PT J AU Burrows, NR Li, YF Geiss, LS AF Burrows, Nilka Rios Li, Yanfeng Geiss, Linda S. TI Incidence of Treatment for End-Stage Renal Disease Among Individuals With Diabetes in the US Continues to Decline SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; NATIONAL-HEALTH; PREVALENCE; COMPLICATIONS; MELLITUS; TRENDS; RISK; PROGRESSION; REGRESSION AB OBJECTIVE - We examined trends in incidence of treatment for diabetes-related end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the U.S. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Using the U.S. Renal Data System, we obtained the number of individuals having diabetes listed as primary diagnosis who initiated ESRD treatment between 1990 and 2006. Incidence was calculated using the estimated U.S. Population with diabetes from the National Health Interview Survey and then was age adjusted based on the 2000 U.S. Standard population. Trends were analyzed using joinpoint regression. RESULTS - The number of individuals who began diabetes-related ESRD treatment increased from 17,727 in 1990 to 48,215 in 2006. From 1990 to 1996, the age-adjusted diabetes-related ESRD incidence increased somewhat from 299.0 to 343.2 per 100,000 diabetic population (P = 0.45). However, from 1996 to 2006, the age-adjusted diabetes-related ESRD incidence decreased by 3.9% per year (P < 0.01) from 343.2 to 197.7 per 100,000 diabetic population. Among individuals with diabetes aged <45 years, diabetes-related ESRD incidence decreased by 4.3% per year (P < 0.01) from 1990 to 2006. Among older individuals, incidence increased during the 19905 but decreased in later years, by 3.9% per year (P < 0.01) among individuals aged 45-64, by 3.4% per year (P < 0.01) among individuals aged 65-74 years, and by 2.1% per year (P = 0.02) among individuals aged >= 75 years. CONCLUSIONS - Diabetes-related ESRD incidence in the diabetic population has declined in all age-groups, probably because of a reduction in the prevalence of ESRD risk factors, improved treatment and care, and Other factors. C1 [Burrows, Nilka Rios; Li, Yanfeng; Geiss, Linda S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Burrows, NR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nrios@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 68 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JAN PY 2010 VL 33 IS 1 BP 73 EP 77 DI 10.2337/dc09-0343 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 544AA UT WOS:000273622200015 PM 20040673 ER PT J AU Funnell, MM Brown, TL Childs, BP Haas, LB Hosey, GM Jensen, B Maryniuk, M Peyrot, M Piette, JD Reader, D Siminerio, LM Weinger, K Weiss, MA AF Funnell, Martha M. Brown, Tammy L. Childs, Belinda P. Haas, Linda B. Hosey, Gwen M. Jensen, Brian Maryniuk, Melinda Peyrot, Mark Piette, John D. Reader, Diane Siminerio, Linda M. Weinger, Katie Weiss, Michael A. TI National Standards for Diabetes Self-Management Education SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Review ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CHRONIC DISEASE MANAGEMENT; IMPROVE GLYCEMIC CONTROL; PRIMARY-CARE PATIENTS; HEALTH-CARE; COMPLICATIONS TRIAL; PATIENT EDUCATION; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; COMMUNITY-HEALTH; CHRONIC ILLNESS C1 [Funnell, Martha M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Med Educ, Ctr Diabet Res & Training, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Brown, Tammy L.] Indian Hlth Serv, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Haas, Linda B.] VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. [Childs, Belinda P.] MidAmer Diabet Associates, Wichita, KS USA. [Hosey, Gwen M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jensen, Brian] Lakeshore Apothacare, Two Rivers, WI USA. [Maryniuk, Melinda; Weinger, Katie] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Joslin Diabet Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Piette, John D.] VA Ann Arbor Hlth Care Syst, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Peyrot, Mark] Loyola Coll, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA. [Piette, John D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Ctr Diabet Res & Training, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Reader, Diane] Int Diabet Ctr, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Siminerio, Linda M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Inst Diabet, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Weiss, Michael A.] Patient Centered Solut, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Funnell, MM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Med Educ, Ctr Diabet Res & Training, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM mfunnell@umich.edu FU National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health [N1H5P60 DK20572, 1 R18 OK062323] FX Work on this article was supported in part by grant nos. N1H5P60 DK20572 and 1 R18 OK062323 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Of the National Institutes of Health NR 164 TC 61 Z9 64 U1 4 U2 10 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 EI 1935-5548 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JAN PY 2010 VL 33 SU 1 BP S89 EP S96 DI 10.2337/dc10-S089 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 544AC UT WOS:000273622400007 PM 20042780 ER PT S AU Shi, FQ Wu, JF He, XD Wang, HN Sun, SQ AF Shi, Fuqian Wu, Jianfeng He, Xiaodong Wang, Haining Sun, Shouqian BE Chai, GZ Lu, CD Wen, DH TI Evaluation on Product Form Image using Linguistic Variables based Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process SO DIGITAL DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY, PTS 1 AND 2 SE Advanced Materials Research LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Global Conference on Digital Design and Manufacturing Technology CY APR 26-28, 2010 CL Hangzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Comm Drawing Tech, China Engn Graph Soc, Zhejiang Univ Technol, Wenzhou Vocat & Tech Coll DE Fuzzy number; AHP; Linguistic variables; Image evaluation ID AHP AB Due to the uncertainness and fuzziness of image evaluation on product form, many fuzzy multi-criteria decision making approaches are applied in this fields. Fuzzy linguistic is usually used by expert to evaluate the importance of the criteria and to rate the alternatives; hence, we integrating fuzzy linguistic based analytic hierarchy process methodology to image evaluation of product form. Trapezoidal fuzzy number and 11-scale linguistic variables were applied in this model. The proposed approach started by a web-based image evaluation system, and then target products were extracted and divided in many design characteristics. Fuzzy linguistic based AHP was applied to generate the critical forms that ordered by vary image adjectives. A case study of mobile phone design was demonstrated the effectiveness. C1 [Shi, Fuqian; Wu, Jianfeng; Wang, Haining; Sun, Shouqian] Zhejiang Univ, Modern Ind Design Inst, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China. [Shi, Fuqian; Wu, Jianfeng; He, Xiaodong] CDC, Wenzhou Creative Design Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Shi, FQ (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Modern Ind Design Inst, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China. EM shifuqian@zju.edu.cn; Jianfw@zju.edu.cn; hxd@wzgky.com; wanghn@zju.edu.cn; ssq@zju.edu.cn FU Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department [20070920]; Key Research and Development Program Project [2006C11235]; Zhejiang Province and Wenzhou Science Research Project [20090031] FX The research was supported by Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department (No. 20070920), the Key Research and Development Program Project (No.2006C11235) from Zhejiang Province and Wenzhou Science Research Project (No. 20090031) NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1022-6680 J9 ADV MATER RES-SWITZ PY 2010 VL 102-104 BP 905 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.102-104.905 PN 1-2 PG 2 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BPY31 UT WOS:000280317100188 ER PT J AU Sullivan, K Hossain, SMM Woodruff, BA AF Sullivan, Kevin Hossain, S. M. Moazzem Woodruff, Bradley A. TI Mortality rate and confidence interval estimation in humanitarian emergencies SO DISASTERS LA English DT Article DE cluster survey; cross-sectional survey; humanitarian emergency; mortality AB Surveys are conducted frequently in humanitarian emergencies to assess the health status of the population. Most often, they employ complex sample designs, such as cluster sampling. Mortality is an indicator commonly estimated in such surveys. Confidence limits provide information on the precision of the estimate and it is important to ensure that confidence limits for a mortality rate account for the survey design and utilise an acceptable methodology. This paper describes the calculation of confidence limits for mortality rates from surveys using complex sampling designs and a variety of software programmes and methods. It contains an example that makes use of the SAS, SPSS, and Epi Info software programmes. Of the three confidence interval methods examined-the ratio command approach, the modified rate approach, and the modified proportion approach-the paper recommends the ratio command approach to estimate mortality rates with confidence limits. C1 [Sullivan, Kevin] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Woodruff, Bradley A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sullivan, K (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM cdckms@sph.emory.edu NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0361-3666 J9 DISASTERS JI Disasters PD JAN PY 2010 VL 34 IS 1 BP 164 EP 175 DI 10.1111/j.0361-3666.2009.01120.x PG 12 WC Planning & Development SC Public Administration GA 524UV UT WOS:000272170400011 PM 19682003 ER PT J AU Semaan, S Neumann, MS Hutchins, K D'Anna, LH Kamb, ML AF Semaan, Salaam Neumann, Mary Spink Hutchins, Kathleen D'Anna, Laura Hoyt Kamb, Mary L. CA Project RESPECT Study Grp TI Brief counseling for reducing sexual risk and bacterial STIs among drug users-Results from project RESPECT SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE Injection drug users; Project RESPECT; Risk reduction; Sexually transmitted diseases; Sexual risk behaviors; Substance use ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; NEW-YORK-CITY; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; TRICHOMONAS-VAGINALIS INFECTION; TRANSMITTED-DISEASE CLINICS; AFRICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; SERVICES-TASK-FORCE; UNITED-STATES; PUBLIC-HEALTH AB Objective: Project RESPECT's brief risk reduction counseling (BRRC) reduced sexual risk and bacterial STIs among at-risk heterosexuals and has been packaged for use with this population. We assessed BRRC's efficacy with RESPECT participants who used drugs and examined BRRC's applicability to present-day users of heroin, cocaine, speedball, or crack. Methods: We compared baseline demographic and economic variables, risk behaviors, and prevalence and correlates of bacterial STIs for ever-injectors ([EIs], N=335) and never-injectors ([NIs], N=3963). We assessed changes in risk behaviors and bacterial STIs for EIs and NIs at 12 months. We compared prevalence of HSV-2, hepatitis B core antigen virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and trichomonas among EIs with recently reported rates among drug users. Results: At baseline, 19% of EIs and 29% of NIs had bacterial STIs. Both groups had similar baseline STI correlates. At 12 months, 4% of EIs and 7% of NIs had bacterial STIs. Twelve-month cumulative incidence of bacterial STIs in BRRC was 21% lower among EIs and 18% lower among NIs compared to the informational condition. At 12 months, EIs reported fewer sexual risk behaviors than at baseline. Baseline positivity rates of trichomoniasis in EIs (female: 15%) and-in male and female EIs of HSV-2 (39%, 68%), HBV (41%, 37%), and HCV (60%, 58%) were similar to rates in present-day drug users. Conclusion: Efficacy of BRRC in reducing sexual risk and bacterial STIs in EIs, and similar profiles for EIs and present-day drug users suggest evaluating BRRC with present-day drug users. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Semaan, Salaam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Neumann, Mary Spink] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hutchins, Kathleen; Kamb, Mary L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [D'Anna, Laura Hoyt] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Ctr Hlth Care Innovat, Long Beach, CA 90815 USA. RP Semaan, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Off Director, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,E-07, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ssemaan@cdc.gov NR 75 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 106 IS 1 BP 7 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.07.015 PG 9 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 548CE UT WOS:000273935800002 PM 19720471 ER PT J AU Nahar, N Sultana, R Gurley, ES Hossain, MJ Luby, SP AF Nahar, Nazmun Sultana, Rebeca Gurley, Emily S. Hossain, M. Jahangir Luby, Stephen P. TI Date Palm Sap Collection: Exploring Opportunities to Prevent Nipah Transmission SO ECOHEALTH LA English DT Article DE date palm sap collection; Nipah virus; local preventative methods; bats; Bangladesh ID TO-PERSON TRANSMISSION; VIRUS; ENCEPHALITIS; BANGLADESH; OUTBREAK; INFECTION; MALAYSIA; EBOLA AB Nipah virus (NiV) infection is a seasonal disease in Bangladesh that coincides with the date palm sap collection season. Raw date palm sap is a delicacy to drink in Bengali culture. If fruit bats that are infected with NiV gain access to the sap for drinking, they might occasionally contaminate the sap through saliva and urine. In February 2007, we conducted a qualitative study in six villages, interviewing 27 date palm sap collectors (gachhis) within the geographical area where NiV outbreaks have occurred since 2001. Gachhis reported that bats pose a challenge to successful collection of quality sap, because bats drink and defecate into the sap which markedly reduces its value. They know some methods to prevent access by bats and other pests but do not use them consistently, because of lack of time and resources. Further studies to explore the effectiveness of these methods and to motivate gachhis to invest their time and money to use them could reduce the risk of human Nipah infection in Bangladesh. C1 [Nahar, Nazmun; Sultana, Rebeca; Gurley, Emily S.; Hossain, M. Jahangir; Luby, Stephen P.] ICDDR B, PIDVS, Hlth Syst & Infect Dis Div HSID, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. [Luby, Stephen P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Nahar, N (reprint author), ICDDR B, PIDVS, Hlth Syst & Infect Dis Div HSID, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. EM nahar.nazmun@yahoo.com RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010 OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), CoAg [5-U01-CI000298-03] FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), CoAg Grant 5-U01-CI000298-03. International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B) acknowledges, with gratitude, the commitment of the CDC to the Centre's research efforts. We are grateful to our study participants for their time and invaluable information. We thank Main Uddin and Asma Sharmin Muna for their assistance in data collection and transcription of interviews; Rasheda Khan and M. Salah Uddin Khan for contributing to preliminary planning meetings for this study; Dorothy Southern for her guidance in writing manuscripts; and Lara Lise Barker for editing. NR 22 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1612-9202 J9 ECOHEALTH JI EcoHealth PY 2010 VL 7 IS 2 BP 196 EP 203 DI 10.1007/s10393-010-0320-3 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 702RL UT WOS:000285911700005 PM 20617362 ER PT J AU Glew, RS Amoako-Atta, B Ankar-Brewoo, G Presley, JM Chang, YC Chuang, LT Millson, M Smith, BR Glew, RH AF Glew, R. S. Amoako-Atta, B. Ankar-Brewoo, G. Presley, J. M. Chang, Y. -C. Chuang, L. -T. Millson, M. Smith, B. R. Glew, R. H. TI An Indigenous Plant Food Used by Lactating Mothers in West Africa: The Nutrient Composition of the Leaves of Kigelia Africana in Ghana SO ECOLOGY OF FOOD AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Kigelia africana; nutrients; leaves; minerals; fatty acids; protein; amino acids; Ghana ID SPINACH; NIGER AB Although the leaves of Kigelia africana are used to make a palm-nut soup which is consumed mainly by lactating women in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about the nutrient qualities of this underutilized and underappreciated plant food. Leaves of Kigelia africana, called osausage treeo in English and onufuteno in the Twi language of Ghana, were collected in Kumasi and analyzed for their content of nutritionally important fatty acids, amino acids, minerals, and trace elements. The dried leaves contained 1.62% fatty acids, of which -linolenic acid and linolenic acid accounted for 44% and 20%, respectively, of the total. Protein accounted for 12.6% of the dry weight and, except for lysine, its overall essential amino acid profile compared favorably to a World Health Organization protein standard for school children. Kigelia leaf contained considerable amounts of many essential elements, including calcium (7,620g/g), iron (161g/g), magnesium (2,310g/g), manganese (14.6g/g), zinc (39.9g/g), and chromium (0.83g/g); selenium, however, was not detected. These data indicate that Kigelia africana leaf compares favorably with many other commonly-consumed green leafy vegetables such as spinach and provides a rational basis for promoting the conservation and propagation of the plant and encouraging its wider use in the diets of populations in sub-Saharan Africa. C1 [Glew, R. H.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Sch Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Glew, R. S.] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Adv Study Int Dev, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Amoako-Atta, B.] Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, Kumasi, Ghana. [Ankar-Brewoo, G.] Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biochem, Kumasi, Ghana. [Presley, J. M.; Smith, B. R.] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr Prote Core Facil, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Chang, Y. -C.; Chuang, L. -T.] Yuanpei Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Hsinchu, Taiwan. [Millson, M.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Glew, RH (reprint author), 1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, MSC08-4670, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM rglew@salud.unm.edu NR 21 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0367-0244 J9 ECOL FOOD NUTR JI Ecol. Food Nutr. PY 2010 VL 49 IS 1 BP 72 EP 83 AR PII 918574193 DI 10.1080/03670240903433303 PG 12 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 544DF UT WOS:000273632000004 PM 21883090 ER PT S AU Erdman, DD Anderson, LJ AF Erdman, Dean D. Anderson, Larry J. BE Scheld, WM Grayson, ML Hughes, JM TI Reemergence of Human Adenovirus 14 SO EMERGING INFECTIONS 9 SE Emerging Infections Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY-DISEASE; OF-THE-LITERATURE; GENOME TYPES; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; ANTIBODY RESPONSE; B-ADENOVIRUSES; SOUTH-AMERICA; MILITARY CAMP; UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-ADULTS C1 [Erdman, Dean D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Anderson, Larry J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Erdman, DD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, MS G04, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1542-4502 BN 978-1-55581-525-7 J9 EMERG INFECT JI Emerg. Infect. PY 2010 VL 9 BP 17 EP 32 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA BTW84 UT WOS:000288320400004 ER PT J AU Doyle, TJ Mejia-Echeverry, A Fiorella, P Leguen, F Livengood, J Kay, R Hopkins, R AF Doyle, Timothy J. Mejia-Echeverry, Alvaro Fiorella, Paul Leguen, Fermin Livengood, John Kay, Robyn Hopkins, Richard TI Cluster of Serogroup W135 Meningococci, Southeastern Florida, 2008-2009 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DISEASE; EMERGENCE; OUTBREAK AB Recently, 14 persons in southeastern Florida were identified with Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W135 invasive infections. All isolates tested had matching or near-matching pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and belonged to the multilocus sequence type 11 clonal complex. The epidemiologic investigation suggested recent endemic transmission of this clonal complex in southeastern Florida. C1 [Doyle, Timothy J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Florida Dept Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Doyle, Timothy J.] Dept Hlth, Miami, FL USA. [Mejia-Echeverry, Alvaro; Leguen, Fermin] Miami Dade Cty Hlth Dept, Miami, FL USA. [Fiorella, Paul; Kay, Robyn] Dept Hlth, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Livengood, John] Broward Cty Hlth Dept, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA. [Hopkins, Richard] Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. RP Doyle, TJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Florida Dept Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop K72, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tdoyle@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 113 EP 115 DI 10.3201/eid1601.091026 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 540JY UT WOS:000273328700020 PM 20031054 ER PT J AU Teshale, EH Howard, CM Grytdal, SP Handzel, TR Barry, V Kamili, S Drobeniuc, J Okware, S Downing, R Tappero, JW Bakamutumaho, B Teo, CG Ward, JW Holmberg, SD Hu, DJ AF Teshale, Eyasu H. Howard, Christopher M. Grytdal, Scott P. Handzel, Thomas R. Barry, Vaughn Kamili, Saleem Drobeniuc, Jan Okware, Samuel Downing, Robert Tappero, Jordan W. Bakamutumaho, Barnabas Teo, Chong-Gee Ward, John W. Holmberg, Scott D. Hu, Dale J. TI Hepatitis E Epidemic, Uganda SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID E VIRUS-INFECTION; NON-B-HEPATITIS; NON-A; OUTBREAK; DARFUR; SUDAN AB In October 2007, an epidemic of hepatitis E was suspected in Kitgum District of northern Uganda where no previous epidemics had been documented. This outbreak has progressed to become one of the largest hepatitis E outbreaks in the world. By June 2009, the epidemic had caused illness in >10,196 persons and 160 deaths. C1 [Teshale, Eyasu H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Okware, Samuel] Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Downing, Robert; Tappero, Jordan W.] Global AIDS Program, Kampala, Uganda. [Bakamutumaho, Barnabas] Ugandan Virus Res Inst, Entebbe, Uganda. RP Teshale, EH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eht4@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 61 Z9 63 U1 2 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 126 EP 129 DI 10.3201/eid1601.090764 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 540JY UT WOS:000273328700024 PM 20031058 ER PT J AU Meltzer, MI McNeill, KM Miller, JD AF Meltzer, Martin I. McNeill, K. Mills Miller, Joseph D. TI Laboratory Surge Capacity and Pandemic Influenza SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Meltzer, Martin I.; Miller, Joseph D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McNeill, K. Mills] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kampala, Uganda. RP Meltzer, MI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D59, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mmeltzer@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 147 EP 148 DI 10.3201/eid1601.091741 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 540JY UT WOS:000273328700030 PM 20031064 ER PT J AU Chapman, L AF Chapman, Louisa TI Infectious Disease: Pathogenesis, Prevention and Case Studies SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Chapman, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D75, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lchapman@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 172 EP 173 DI 10.3201/eid1601.091408 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 540JY UT WOS:000273328700050 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI Tasty Bits a Dutch Treat SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, EID Journal, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, EID Journal, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM PMP1@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 178 EP 179 DI 10.3201/eid1601.000000 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 540JY UT WOS:000273328700053 PM 20031082 ER PT S AU Lenert, L AF Lenert, Leslie BE Rouse, WB Cortese, DA TI Transforming healthcare through patient empowerment SO ENGINEERING THE SYSTEM OF HEALTHCARE DELIVERY SE Studies in Health Technology and Informatics LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POTENTIALLY INEFFECTIVE CARE; THERAPEUTIC DECISION-MAKING; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS; SUPPORT; COMPUTER; AIDS; HYPERTENSION; PREFERENCES; PROGRAM AB The United States faces tremendous challenges with its healthcare system. By any standard, it is expensive and performs poorly in most measures of health and thus, is in great need of reform. But how do we reform things without making the situation worse? Some of the more fundamental problems arise from the combination of a fee-for-service payment system for physicians with insurance-based financing care. This combination results in conflicts among the interests of patients, physicians and payers. This paper examines this issue from a decision analytic perspective, starting with a definition of the patient-centered view, and an assessment of the practicality of controlling costs by making healthcare more patient-centric. It then illustrates how fee-for-service models corrupt decision-making and other solutions designed to reign in the abuses of the fee-for-service model and also negatively impacts the quality of decision making for individual patients. Whatever the strategies for health reform, the degree of patient-centeredness of care is a benchmark that allows policy makers to understand how far they have had to deviate from optimal to achieve the desired ends of cost control. C1 [Lenert, Leslie] Stanford, Dept Med, Stanford, CA USA. [Lenert, Leslie] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Lenert, Leslie] Univ Calif San Diego, Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Lenert, Leslie] San Diego VA Healthcare Syst, Hlth Serv Res Unit, San Diego, CA USA. [Lenert, Leslie] Calif Inst Telecommun & Informat Technol Calit2, Med Informat, La Jolla, CA USA. [Lenert, Leslie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, NCPHI, Bethesda, MD USA. [Lenert, Leslie] Amer Coll Med Informat, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. RP Lenert, L (reprint author), Amer Coll Med Informat, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM leslie.lenert@gmail.com NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-9630 BN 978-1-60750-533-4; 978-1-60750-532-7 J9 STUD HEALTH TECHNOL PY 2010 VL 153 BP 159 EP 175 DI 10.3233/978-1-60750-533-4-159 PG 17 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics GA BC2MQ UT WOS:000351085000011 PM 20543244 ER PT J AU Johnson, DR Methner, MM Kennedy, AJ Steevens, JA AF Johnson, David R. Methner, Mark M. Kennedy, Alan J. Steevens, Jeffery A. TI Potential for Occupational Exposure to Engineered Carbon-Based Nanomaterials in Environmental Laboratory Studies SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE aerosolization; ecotoxicology; multiwalled carbon nanotubes; nanomaterials; occupational exposure; sonication ID NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; NANOTUBES; TOXICITY; HEALTH; OPERATIONS; ADSORPTION; PULMONARY; IMPACT; MICE AB BACKGROUND: The potential exists for laboratory personnel to be exposed to engineered carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) in studies aimed at producing conditions similar to those found in natural surface waters [e.g., presence of natural organic matter (NOM)]. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this preliminary investigation was to assess the release of CNMs into the laboratory atmosphere during handling and sonication into environmentally relevant matrices. METHODS: We measured fullerenes (C60), underivatized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (raw MWCNT), hydroxylated MWCNT (MWCNT-OH), and carbon black (CB) in air as the nanomaterials were weighed, transferred to beakers filled with reconstituted freshwater, and sonicated in deionized water and reconstituted freshwater with and without NOM. Airborne nanomaterials emitted during processing were quantified using two hand-held particle counters that measure total particle number concentration per volume of air within the nanometer range (10-1,000 nm) and six specific size ranges (300-10,000 nm). Particle size and morphology were determined by transmission electron microscopy of air sample filters. DISCUSSION: After correcting for background particle number concentrations, it was evident that increases in airborne particle number concentrations occurred for each nanomaterial except CB during weighing, with airborne particle number concentrations inversely related to particle size. Sonicating nanomaterial-spiked water resulted in increased airborne nanomaterials, most notably for MWCNT-OH in water with NOM and for CB. CONCLUSION: Engineered nanomaterials can become airborne when mixed in solution by sonication, especially when nanomaterials are functionalized or in water containing NOM. This finding indicates that laboratory workers may be at increased risk of exposure to engineered nanomaterials. C1 [Johnson, David R.; Kennedy, Alan J.; Steevens, Jeffery A.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Methner, Mark M.] NIOSH, Nanotechnol Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Johnson, DR (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd,Bldg 6011, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM David.R.Johnson@usace.army.mil FU U.S. Army Environmental Quality Technology Program FX Support was provided by the U.S. Army Environmental Quality Technology Program. Permission was granted by the Chief of Engineers to publish this information. NR 24 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 32 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 118 IS 1 BP 49 EP 54 DI 10.1289/ehp.0901076 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 539XP UT WOS:000273292800023 PM 20056572 ER PT J AU Daniels, JL Pan, IJ Jones, R Anderson, S Patterson, DG Needham, LL Sjodin, A AF Daniels, Julie L. Pan, I-Jen Jones, Richard Anderson, Sarah Patterson, Donald G., Jr. Needham, Larry L. Sjodin, Andreas TI Individual Characteristics Associated with PBDE Levels in US Human Milk Samples SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE brominated flame retardants; environment; epidemiology; human milk; infant; lactation; PBDE; persistent pollutants; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; pregnancy ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; NEONATAL BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT; SWEDISH HUMAN-MILK; BREAST-MILK; HUMAN EXPOSURE; 2,2',4,4',5-PENTABROMODIPHENYL ETHER; UNITED-STATES; BODY BURDENS AB BACKGROUND: Reported polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) concentrations in human samples in the United States have been higher than in Europe and Asia. Little is known about factors that contribute to individual variability in body burden. OBJECTIVE: In this large study we measured PBDE concentrations in human milk from the United States during 2004-2006. We assessed characteristics associated with concentrations in milk and change in milk concentration between 3 and 12 months postpartum. METHODS: We analyzed 303 milk samples obtained 3 months postpartum for PBDEs. A second sample was analyzed for 83 women still lactating 12 months postpartum. PBDE concentrations in milk and variability by individual characteristics such as age, parity, and prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) were evaluated using generalized linear models., RESULTS: PBDE congeners BDEs 28, 47, 99, 100, and 153 were detected in > 70% of samples. BDE-47 concentrations were the highest, ranging from below the limit of detection to 1,430 ng/g lipid, with a median of 28 ng/g lipid. Concentrations of most individual PBDE congeners and the sum of BDEs 28, 47, 99, 100, and 153 (Sigma PBDE) were lower among mothers > 34 years of age compared with those 25-29 years of age and higher among mothers with high compared with normal BMI, after adjustment for other covariates. Parity was not associated with PBDE concentration. The change in Sigma PBDE concentration in milk between 3 and 12 months postpartum was highly variable (median increase, 14%; interquartile range, -26% to 50%). CONCLUSIONS: PBDEs were detected in nearly all human milk samples, varying by maternal weight and age and over the course of breast-feeding. C1 [Daniels, Julie L.; Pan, I-Jen] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Daniels, Julie L.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Maternal & Child Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Jones, Richard; Anderson, Sarah; Needham, Larry L.; Sjodin, Andreas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Organ Analyt Toxicol Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Patterson, Donald G., Jr.] EnviroSolut Consulting Inc, Jasper, GA USA. RP Daniels, JL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, CB 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM juliedaniels@unc.edu RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [RD832736]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P30ES10126] FX This research was supported in part by grants from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (RD832736) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30ES10126). NR 61 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 16 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 118 IS 1 BP 155 EP 160 DI 10.1289/ehp.0900759 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 539XP UT WOS:000273292800041 PM 20056574 ER PT J AU Bostikova, V Bostik, P Chlibek, R Schmid, DS Salavec, M Smetana, J Splino, M AF Bostikova, V Bostik, P. Chlibek, R. Schmid, D. S. Salavec, M. Smetana, J. Splino, M. TI Molecular Epidemiology of Varicella Zoster Virus SO EPIDEMIOLOGIE MIKROBIOLOGIE IMUNOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE varicella zoster virus; DNA genome; genotyping; single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) AB Varicella zoster virus has highly conserved genome 125,000 base pairs. The different molecular genetic methods of analyzing VZV genome are discussed, as well as their results with regards to the virus phylogenesis, geographic distributions, possible recombination and virulence of different VZV strains. C1 [Bostikova, V; Chlibek, R.; Smetana, J.; Splino, M.] Univ Def, Fac Mil Hlth Sci, Dept Epidemiol, Hradec Kralove 50001, Czech Republic. [Schmid, D. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Salavec, M.] Fac Hosp, Dpt Dermatol, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. [Bostik, P.] Univ Def, Ctr Adv Studies, Hradec Kralove 50001, Czech Republic. RP Bostikova, V (reprint author), Univ Def, Fac Mil Hlth Sci, Dept Epidemiol, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove 50001, Czech Republic. EM vbostik@pmfhk.cz RI Chlibek, Roman/P-9084-2016 NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CESKA LEKARSKA SPOLECNOST J EV PURKYNE PI PRAGUE PA SOKOLSKA 31, PRAGUE, 00000, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 1210-7913 J9 EPIDEMIOL MIKROBI IM JI Epidemiol. Mikrobiol. Imunol. PY 2010 VL 59 IS 1 BP 21 EP 24 PG 4 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA V24XO UT WOS:000208443300004 PM 21105566 ER PT J AU Nir-Paz, R Korenman, Z Ron, M Michael-Gayego, A Cohen-Poradosu, R Valinsky, L Beall, B Moses, AE AF Nir-Paz, R. Korenman, Z. Ron, M. Michael-Gayego, A. Cohen-Poradosu, R. Valinsky, L. Beall, B. Moses, A. E. TI Streptococcus pyogenes emm and T types within a decade, 1996-2005: implications for epidemiology and future vaccines SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE emm typing; epidemiology; T typing; Streptococcus pyogenes; vaccine coverage ID GROUP-A STREPTOCOCCUS; BETA-HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCI; M-PROTEIN; SEQUENCE VARIATION; OPACITY-FACTOR; HIGH DIVERSITY; ISRAEL; INFECTIONS; DISEASE; SEROTYPES AB Streptococcus pyogenes group A (GAS) is a primary human pathogen. We performed genetic emm sequence and serological T-antigen typing of 819 mostly invasive GAS isolates recovered in Israel during 1996-2005. Of the 72 emm types found, the six most prevalent types (1, 81, 89, 14, 28, 5) comprised 30.2% of all isolates, and emm-type changes were observed over the years. The predicted coverage of the 26-valent S. pyogenes vaccine formulated for usage in the USA was predicted to be only similar to 60%. On the basis of different emm-T antigen type associations, some Israeli strains are probably different clonal types than those found in USA. About 2% of GAS had emm types that were originally associated with S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis emm genes. Therefore, routine emm typing allows meaningful GAS strain surveillance, and provides data relevant to better vaccine coverage. C1 [Nir-Paz, R.; Ron, M.; Michael-Gayego, A.; Cohen-Poradosu, R.; Moses, A. E.] Hadassah Hebrew Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. [Korenman, Z.; Valinsky, L.] Israel Minist Hlth, Streptococcal Reference Lab, Jerusalem, Israel. [Beall, B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Moses, AE (reprint author), Hadassah Hebrew Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis, POB 12000, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. EM mosesa@md.huji.ac.il RI Nir-Paz, Ran/I-5003-2012; OI Nir-Paz, Ran/0000-0002-1567-2550 NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 138 IS 1 BP 53 EP 60 DI 10.1017/S0950268809002805 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 536YK UT WOS:000273079600009 PM 19480723 ER PT J AU Hall, G McDonald, L Majowicz, SE Scallan, E Kirk, M Sockett, P Angulo, FJ AF Hall, G. McDonald, L. Majowicz, S. E. Scallan, E. Kirk, M. Sockett, P. Angulo, F. J. TI Respiratory symptoms and the case definition of gastroenteritis: an international analysis of the potential impact on burden estimates SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Acute gastroenteritis; diarrhoea; incidence; population study; vomiting; respiratory symptoms ID COMMON COLD; GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESS; DIARRHEAL ILLNESS; UNITED-STATES; COMMUNITY; AUSTRALIA; DISEASE; INFECTIONS; FOODNET AB Estimates of the burden of foodborne disease rely on attributing a proportion of syndromic gastroenteritis to foodborne transmission. Persons with syndromic diarrhoea/vomiting can also present with concurrent respiratory symptoms that could be due to respiratory infections, gastrointestinal infections, or both. This distinction is important when estimating the foodborne disease burden but has rarely been considered. Using data from Population surveys from Australia, Canada and the USA we describe the effect of excluding persons with respiratory and associated symptoms from the case definition of gastroenteritis. Excluding persons first with respiratory symptoms, or second with respiratory symptoms plus fever and headache, resulted in a decrease in the weighted estimates Of acute gastroenteritis of about 10-50% depending on the exclusion criteria. This has the potential to have a very significant impact on estimates of the burden of foodborne infections using syndromic case definitions of acute gastroenteritis. C1 [Hall, G.; Kirk, M.] Australian Natl Univ, NCEPH, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Hall, G.; Kirk, M.] Australian Natl Univ, Sch Med, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [McDonald, L.; Majowicz, S. E.; Sockett, P.] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Ctr Foodborne Environm & Zoonot Infect Dis, Guelph, ON, Canada. [McDonald, L.; Majowicz, S. E.; Sockett, P.] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Ctr Foodborne Environm & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Majowicz, S. E.; Sockett, P.] Univ Guelph, Dept Populat Med, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Scallan, E.; Angulo, F. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kirk, M.] Dept Hlth & Aging, OzFoodNet Food Safety & Surveillance Sect, Canberra, ACT, Australia. RP Hall, G (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, NCEPH, Bld 62, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM gillian.hall@anu.edu.au FU respective governments of Australia, Canada and the USA FX The authors thank the OzFoodNet Working Group in Australia, the Emerging Infectious Program FoodNet Working Group ill the USA and the National Studies on Acute Gastrointestinal Illness (NSAGI) initiative collaborators in Canada (in particular, Susanna Ogunnaike-Cooke, for data analysis and review of the manuscript). Funding for these studies was provided by the respective governments of Australia, Canada and the USA. NR 25 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 138 IS 1 BP 117 EP 124 DI 10.1017/S0950268809990112 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 536YK UT WOS:000273079600017 PM 19493373 ER PT B AU Stewart, A Gwinn, M Zimmern, R Khoury, M AF Stewart, Alison Gwinn, Marta Zimmern, Ron Khoury, Muin BE Ginsburg, GS Willard, HF TI Public Health Genomics SO ESSENTIALS OF GENOMIC AND PERSONALIZED MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GENETIC ASSOCIATION; FIELD SYNOPSIS; NIH ROADMAP; TRANSLATION; MEDICINE; PREVENTION; CARE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CHALLENGES; REVOLUTION C1 [Stewart, Alison] Strangeways Res Lab, Publ Hlth Genet Unit, Cambridge CB1 8RN, England. [Khoury, Muin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Stewart, A (reprint author), Strangeways Res Lab, Publ Hlth Genet Unit, Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, England. NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-095811-8; 978-0-12-374934-5 PY 2010 BP 245 EP + DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374934-5.00021-0 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA BID62 UT WOS:000327733200022 ER PT J AU Eggerth, DE Flynn, MA AF Eggerth, Donald E. Flynn, Michael A. TI When the Third World Comes to the First: Ethical Considerations When Working With Hispanic Immigrants SO ETHICS & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE ethics; Hispanic immigrants; cultural colonialism; multicultural AB This article briefly reviews concerns related to the ocultural colonialismo of applying Western biomedical models of research ethics to non-Western groups. The feasibility of alternate ethical models is discussed and found wanting. In practical terms, many academic researchers in the United States are funded by federal agencies and are required to adhere to Title 45, Part 46 of the Code of Federal Regulations, legislation that is clearly grounded in the Western biomedical research tradition. Consequently, the question is not whether this system of ethics should be applied but rather how it can be applied most sensitively, appropriately, and wisely. The remainder of this article discusses of how the authors have attempted to do so in each stage of their own research with Hispanic immigrants to the United States. C1 [Eggerth, Donald E.] Michigan State Univ, NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,Training Res & Evaluat, Consortium Multicultural Psychol Res,CDC, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Eggerth, DE (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,Training Res & Evaluat, Consortium Multicultural Psychol Res,CDC, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,C-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM deggerth@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1050-8422 J9 ETHICS BEHAV JI Ethics Behav. PY 2010 VL 20 IS 3-4 BP 229 EP 242 AR PII 922891424 DI 10.1080/10508421003798968 PG 14 WC Ethics; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology GA 610CF UT WOS:000278706600005 ER PT J AU Ransohoff, DF Khoury, MJ AF Ransohoff, D. F. Khoury, M. J. TI Personal genomics: information can be harmful SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID PROSTATE-CANCER; GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX; BARRETTS-ESOPHAGUS; RISK; DISEASE; PREVENTION; CONTROVERSY; MORTALITY C1 [Ransohoff, D. F.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Ransohoff, D. F.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Khoury, M. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ransohoff, DF (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. EM ransohof@med.unc.edu NR 28 TC 39 Z9 43 U1 7 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0014-2972 J9 EUR J CLIN INVEST JI Eur. J. Clin. Invest. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 40 IS 1 BP 64 EP 68 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2009.02232.x PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 534JT UT WOS:000272893100009 PM 20055897 ER PT J AU Jones, JL Dubey, JP AF Jones, J. L. Dubey, J. P. TI Waterborne toxoplasmosis - Recent developments SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Toxoplasma gondii; Toxoplasmosis; Oocyst; Pathogenesis; Biology; Diagnosis; Epidemiology; Toxoplasma; Waterborne; Parasite; Protozoa ID FELINE IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; CATS OTOCOLOBUS-MANUL; RURAL WESTERN AMAZON; BOBCATS LYNX-RUFUS; RIO-DE-JANEIRO; GONDII ANTIBODIES; DOMESTIC CATS; STRAY CATS; FERAL CATS; SEROLOGICAL SURVEY AB Humans become infected with Toxoplasma gondii mainly by ingesting uncooked meat containing viable tissue cysts or by ingesting food or water contaminated with oocysts from the feces of infected cats. Circumstantial evidence suggests that oocyst-induced infections in humans are clinically more severe than tissue cyst-acquired infections. Until recently, waterborne transmission of T gondii was considered uncommon, but a large human outbreak linked to contamination of a municipal water reservoir in Canada by wild felids and the widespread infection of marine mammals in the USA provided reasons to question this view. The present paper examines the possible importance of T. gondii transmission by water. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Jones, J. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Jones, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F22, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM JLJ1@CDC.GOV NR 258 TC 119 Z9 126 U1 1 U2 45 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 124 IS 1 SI SI BP 10 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2009.03.013 PG 16 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 550NM UT WOS:000274134700003 PM 19324041 ER PT J AU Yoder, JS Beach, MJ AF Yoder, Jonathan S. Beach, Michael J. TI Cryptosporidium surveillance and risk factors in the United States SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; Waterborne disease; Surveillance; Risk factors ID DAY-CARE-CENTER; SPORADIC CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS; WATERBORNE DISEASE; DRINKING-WATER; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS; RECREATIONAL WATER; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; OOCYST EXCRETION; APPLE CIDER; PARVUM AB Surveillance for Cryptosporidium in the United States indicates that the reported incidence of infection has increased dramatically since 2004. The reasons for this increase are unclear but might be caused by an actual increase in incidence, improved surveillance, improved awareness about cryptosporidiosis, and/or increases in testing practices resulting from the licensing of the first-ever treatment for cryptosporidiosis. While regional differences remain, the incidence of cryptosporidiosis appears to be increasing across the United States. Onset of illness is most common during the summer, particularly among younger children. Cryptosporidiosis case reporting also influences outbreak detection and reporting; the recent rise in cases coincides with an increase in the number of reported cryptosporidiosis outbreaks, particularly in treated recreational water venues. Risk factors include ingesting contaminated recreational or drinking water, exposure to infected animals, having close contacts with cryptosporidiosis, travel to disease-endemic areas, and ingestion of contaminated food. Advances in molecular characterization of clinical specimens have improved our understanding of the changing epidemiology and risk factors. Prevention and control of cryptosporidiosis requires continued efforts to interrupt the transmission of Cryptosporldium through water, food, and contact with infected persons or animals. Of particular importance is continued improvement and monitoring of drinking water treatment and advances in the design, operation, and management of recreational water venues coupled with behavioral changes among the swimming public. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Yoder, Jonathan S.; Beach, Michael J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Yoder, JS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, US Dept HHS, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jyoder@cdc.gov NR 79 TC 64 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 124 IS 1 SI SI BP 31 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2009.09.020 PG 9 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 550NM UT WOS:000274134700005 PM 19786022 ER PT J AU Xiao, LH AF Xiao, Lihua TI Molecular epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis: An update SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Cryptosporidium; Molecular epidemiology; Diagnosis; Zoonosis; Genotyping; Subtyping; gp60 ID DEER-LIKE GENOTYPE; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; SUPPORTING ZOONOTIC TRANSMISSION; GLYCOPROTEIN GENE-SEQUENCES; HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; POST-WEANED PIGS; DAIRY-CATTLE; SUBTYPE ANALYSIS; 1ST REPORT; CLINICAL-MANIFESTATIONS AB Molecular tools have been developed to detect and differentiate Cryptosporidium at the species/genotype and subtype levels. These tools have been increasingly used in characterizing the transmission of Cryptosporidium spp. in humans and animals. Results of these molecular epidemiologic studies have led to better appreciation of the public health importance of Cryptosporidium species/genotypes in various animals and improved understanding of infection sources in humans. Geographic, seasonal and socioeconomic differences in the distribution of Cryptosporidium spp. in humans have been identified, and have been attributed to differences in infection sources and transmission routes. The transmission of C. parvum in humans is mostly anthroponotic in developing countries, with zoonotic infections play an important role in developed countries. Species of Cryptosporidium and subtype families of C. hominis have been shown to induce different clinical manifestations and have different potential to cause outbreaks. The wide use of a new generation of genotyping and subtyping tools in well designed epidemiologic studies should lead to a more in-depth understanding of the epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis in humans and animals. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Xiao, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Bldg 22,Rm 14,4770 Burford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 NR 125 TC 402 Z9 422 U1 13 U2 61 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 124 IS 1 SI SI BP 80 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2009.03.018 PG 10 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 550NM UT WOS:000274134700010 PM 19358845 ER PT J AU Sanchez, CA Thomas, KE Malilay, J Annest, JL AF Sanchez, Carlos A. Thomas, Karen E. Malilay, Josephine Annest, J. Lee TI Nonfatal Natural and Environmental Injuries Treated in Emergency Departments, United States, 2001-2004 SO FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE extreme temperatures; heat morbidity; heat-related injury; hospital emergency departments ID HEAT-WAVE; MORTALITY AB Exposure to adverse natural and environmental events (eg, extreme temperatures and disasters) poses a public health burden when resulting in injuries requiring emergency care. We examined the incidence and characteristics of persons with environmental exposure-related injuries treated in US-based hospital emergency departments during 2001 to 2004 by using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-All Injury Program. An estimated 26 527 (95% CI = 18 664-34 390) injuries were treated annually-78% were heat-related. People with heat-related conditions were mainly men (P < 0.001) and had a median age of 34 years (range = < 1 month-94 years). Targeting vulnerable populations in community-wide response measures may reduce injuries from adverse environmental exposures, especially heat. C1 [Malilay, Josephine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sanchez, Carlos A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Studies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Thomas, Karen E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Injury Response, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Annest, J. Lee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Off Stat & Programming, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Malilay, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM JMalilay@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0160-6379 J9 FAM COMMUNITY HEALTH JI Fam. Community Health PD JAN-MAR PY 2010 VL 33 IS 1 BP 3 EP 10 PG 8 WC Family Studies; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Family Studies; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 536IY UT WOS:000273039300003 PM 20010000 ER PT J AU Macaluso, M Wright-Schnapp, TJ Chandra, A Johnson, R Satterwhite, CL Pulver, A Berman, SM Wang, RY Farr, SL Pollack, LA AF Macaluso, Maurizio Wright-Schnapp, Tracie J. Chandra, Anjani Johnson, Robert Satterwhite, Catherine L. Pulver, Amy Berman, Stuart M. Wang, Richard Y. Farr, Sherry L. Pollack, Lori A. TI A public health focus on infertility prevention, detection and management: executive summary SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Article ID ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY; COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; DOUBLE-EMBRYO-TRANSFER; IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; UNITED-STATES; FERTILITY PRESERVATION; SINGLE AB This article summarizes findings and recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-wide Infertility Working Group. It describes infertility as a public health concern, describes surveillance, research, and prevention activities at the CDC, and proposes topics for discussion in a broad forum to develop a national public health plan for the prevention, detection, and management of infertility. (Fertil Steril(R) 2010;93:16-20. (C) 2010 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.) C1 [Macaluso, Maurizio; Wright-Schnapp, Tracie J.; Farr, Sherry L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Chandra, Anjani] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Johnson, Robert; Satterwhite, Catherine L.; Pulver, Amy; Berman, Stuart M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Natl Ctr HlV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Wang, Richard Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Pollack, Lori A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Macaluso, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Mailstop K-34,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mmacaluso@cdc.gov RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015 OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690 NR 73 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 93 IS 1 BP 16 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.09.046 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 543TJ UT WOS:000273601200003 ER PT J AU Macaluso, M Wright-Schnapp, TJ Chandra, A Johnson, R Satterwhite, CL Pulver, A Berman, SM Wang, RY Farr, SL Pollack, LA AF Macaluso, Maurizio Wright-Schnapp, Tracie J. Chandra, Anjani Johnson, Robert Satterwhite, Catherine L. Pulver, Amy Berman, Stuart M. Wang, Richard Y. Farr, Sherry L. Pollack, Lori A. TI A public health focus on infertility prevention, detection, and management SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Article DE Reproduction; pregnancy; etiology; epidemiology; reproductive medicine; infertility treatment; adverse effects; health promotion; public policy ID ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY; COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; DOUBLE-EMBRYO-TRANSFER; IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; UNITED-STATES; FERTILITY PRESERVATION; SINGLE AB In 2002, 2 million American women of reproductive age were infertile. Infertility is also common among men. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) conducts surveillance and research on the causes of infertility, monitors the safety and efficacy of infertility treatment, and sponsors national prevention programs. A CDC-wide working group found that, despite this effort, considerable gaps and opportunities exist in surveillance, research, communication, and program and policy development. We intend to consult with other federal agencies, professional and consumer organizations, the scientific community, the health care community, industry, and other stakeholders, and participate in the development of a national public health plan for the prevention, detection, and management of infertility. (Fertil Steril (R) 2010;93:16.e1-e10. (C)2010 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.) C1 [Macaluso, Maurizio; Wright-Schnapp, Tracie J.; Farr, Sherry L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Chandra, Anjani] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Johnson, Robert; Satterwhite, Catherine L.; Pulver, Amy; Berman, Stuart M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Wang, Richard Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Pollack, Lori A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Macaluso, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Mailstop K-34,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mmacaluso@cdc.gov RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015 OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690 FU Merck; Pfizer FX R.Y.W. has a financial interest in Merck and Pfizer. M. M. has nothing to disclose. T.J.W.-S. has nothing to disclose. A. C. has nothing to disclose. R.J. has nothing to disclose. C. L. S. has nothing to disclose. NR 73 TC 2 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 93 IS 1 AR 16.e1 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.09.046 PG 10 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 668RQ UT WOS:000283287700001 PM 18992879 ER PT B AU Munoz-Jordan, JL Bosch, I AF Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L. Bosch, Irene BE Hanley, KA Weaver, SC TI Modulation of the Antiviral Response by Dengue Virus SO FRONTIERS IN DENGUE VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; SOLUBLE ST2 PROTEIN; RECEPTOR FAMILY-MEMBER; HUMAN DENDRITIC CELLS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; RIG-I; ALPHA/BETA-INTERFERON AB Dengue virus (DENV) produces a wide range of human illness, ranging from asymptomatic infections to haemorrhagic and potentially fatal disease. Severe disease is associated with high viraemia, immune enhancement of sequential infections, and exacerbated inflammatory response. DENV is sensed in mammalian cells by endosomal and cytoplasmic receptors and stimulates the type-1 interferon (IFN alpha/beta) response. Secreted IFN alpha/beta stimulates JAK/STAT signalling, which results in the activation of IFN alpha/beta-stimulated genes that lead the infected cells towards the establishment of an antiviral response. Genomic technology has enabled the identification of a remarkable list of genes induced in human host cells in response to DENV infection. The results define antiviral and pro-inflammatory responses mainly composed of IFN alpha/beta- induced genes, which likely participate in the regulation of the immune response and vascular leakage during acute illness. DENV counteracts the IFN alpha/beta response of the host. The evidence indicates that non-structural proteins of DENV weaken IFN alpha/beta signalling, causing reduced activation of IFN alpha/beta-induced genes. The increased virus uptake, weakened host cell defence, and unrestrained inflammatory response likely predispose patients to develop severe illness. The unveiling of these virus-host interactions leads to a better understanding of dengue pathogenesis, and to innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. C1 [Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. [Bosch, Irene] MIT, Harvard MIT Div Hlth Sci & Technol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Munoz-Jordan, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. EM ckq2@cdc.gov; ibosch@mit.edu NR 129 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-904455-50-9 PY 2010 BP 121 EP 140 PG 20 WC Tropical Medicine SC Tropical Medicine GA BLU71 UT WOS:000271100500007 ER PT J AU Sim, BMQ Chantratita, N Ooi, WF Nandi, T Tewhey, R Wuthiekanun, V Thaipadungpanit, J Tumapa, S Ariyaratne, P Sung, WK Sem, XH Chua, HH Ramnarayanan, K Lin, CH Liu, YC Feil, EJ Glass, MB Tan, G Peacock, SJ Tan, P AF Sim, Bernice Meng Qi Chantratita, Narisara Ooi, Wen Fong Nandi, Tannistha Tewhey, Ryan Wuthiekanun, Vanaporn Thaipadungpanit, Janjira Tumapa, Sarinna Ariyaratne, Pramila Sung, Wing-Kin Sem, Xiao Hui Chua, Hui Hoon Ramnarayanan, Kalpana Lin, Chi Ho Liu, Yichun Feil, Edward J. Glass, Mindy B. Tan, Gladys Peacock, Sharon J. Tan, Patrick TI Genomic acquisition of a capsular polysaccharide virulence cluster by non- pathogenic Burkholderia isolates SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID III SECRETION SYSTEM; SIGNATURE-TAGGED MUTAGENESIS; TIME PCR ASSAY; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; BACTERIAL VIRULENCE; SUBTRACTIVE HYBRIDIZATION; PSEUDOMALLEI INFECTION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; CAUSATIVE AGENT; THAILANDENSIS AB Background: Burkholderia thailandensis is a non-pathogenic environmental saprophyte closely related to Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of the often fatal animal and human disease melioidosis. To study B. thailandensis genomic variation, we profiled 50 isolates using a pan-genome microarray comprising genomic elements from 28 Burkholderia strains and species. Results: Of 39 genomic regions variably present across the B. thailandensis strains, 13 regions corresponded to known genomic islands, while 26 regions were novel. Variant B. thailandensis isolates exhibited isolated acquisition of a capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis gene cluster (B. pseudomallei-like capsular polysaccharide) closely resembling a similar cluster in B. pseudomallei that is essential for virulence in mammals; presence of this cluster was confirmed by whole genome sequencing of a representative variant strain (B. thailandensis E555). Both whole-genome microarray and multi-locus sequence typing analysis revealed that the variant strains formed part of a phylogenetic subgroup distinct from the ancestral B. thailandensis population and were associated with atypical isolation sources when compared to the majority of previously described B. thailandensis strains. In functional assays, B. thailandensis E555 exhibited several B. pseudomallei-like phenotypes, including colony wrinkling, resistance to human complement binding, and intracellular macrophage survival. However, in murine infection assays, B. thailandensis E555 did not exhibit enhanced virulence relative to other B. thailandensis strains, suggesting that additional factors are required to successfully colonize and infect mammals. Conclusions: The discovery of such novel variant strains demonstrates how unbiased genomic surveys of nonpathogenic isolates can reveal insights into the development and emergence of new pathogenic species. C1 [Sim, Bernice Meng Qi; Ooi, Wen Fong; Nandi, Tannistha; Ariyaratne, Pramila; Sung, Wing-Kin; Sem, Xiao Hui; Chua, Hui Hoon; Lin, Chi Ho; Tan, Patrick] Genome Inst Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore. [Chantratita, Narisara; Peacock, Sharon J.] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Chantratita, Narisara; Wuthiekanun, Vanaporn; Thaipadungpanit, Janjira; Tumapa, Sarinna] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Mahidol Oxford Trop Med Res Unit, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Tewhey, Ryan] Scripps Res Inst, Scripps Translat Sci Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Sung, Wing-Kin] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Comp Sci, Singapore 117417, Singapore. [Ramnarayanan, Kalpana] Natl Canc Ctr Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore. [Liu, Yichun; Tan, Gladys] Def Med & Environm Res Inst, DSO Natl Labs, Singapore 117510, Singapore. [Feil, Edward J.] Univ Bath, Dept Biol & Biochem, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. [Glass, Mindy B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Peacock, Sharon J.] Univ Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hosp, Dept Med, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, England. [Tan, Patrick] Duke NUS Grad Med Sch, Singapore 169857, Singapore. RP Tan, P (reprint author), Genome Inst Singapore, 60 Biopolis St, Singapore 138672, Singapore. EM tanbop@gis.a-star.edu.sg FU GIS; DMERI; A-star/DSTA [08/1/50/19/591]; Wellcome Trust; National Science Foundation (USA); National Research Foundation (Singapore) FX This work was supported both by core grants from GIS and DMERI and A-star/DSTA grant 08/1/50/19/591. NC, VW, JT, ST and SP were funded by the Wellcome Trust. RT was supported by an East Asia and Pacific Summer Institute grant from the National Science Foundation (USA) and the National Research Foundation (Singapore). We acknowledge the contribution of the GIS community sequencing team in generating the BtE555 genome sequence, in particular Chia-lin Wei and Herve Thoreau. NR 63 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 10 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1474-7596 J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2010 VL 11 IS 8 AR R89 DI 10.1186/gb-2010-11-8-r89 PG 17 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 674VG UT WOS:000283777600010 PM 20799932 ER PT S AU Young, LJ Gotway, CA AF Young, Linda J. Gotway, Carol A. BE Atkinson, PM Lloyd, CD TI Using Geostatistical Methods in the Analysis of Public Health Data: The Final Frontier? SO GEOENV VII - GEOSTATISTICS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS SE Quantitative Geology and Geostatistics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Geostatistics for Environmental Applications CY SEP, 2008 CL Southampton, ENGLAND ID GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION; VARYING-COEFFICIENT MODELS; INTERPOLATION AB Geostatistical methods have been demonstrated to be very powerful analytical tools in a variety of disciplines, most notably in mining, agriculture, meteorology, hydrology, geology and environmental science. Unfortunately, their use in public health, medical geography, and spatial epidemiology has languished in favor of Bayesian methods or the analytical methods developed in geography and promoted via geographic information systems. In this presentation, we provide our views concerning the use of geostatistical methods for analyzing spatial public health data. We revisit the geostatistical paradigm in light of traditional analytical examples from public health. We discuss the challenges that need to be faced in applying geostatistical methods to the analysis of public health data as well as the opportunities for increasing the use of geostatistical methods in public health applications. C1 [Young, Linda J.] Univ Florida, Dept Stat, 404 McCarty Hall C,POB 110339, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Gotway, Carol A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Young, LJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Stat, 404 McCarty Hall C,POB 110339, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM LJYoung@ufl.edu; cdg7@cdc.gov FU Florida Department of Health, Division of Environmental Health from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5 U38 EH000177-02] FX The senior author was partially supported by the Florida Department of Health, Division of Environmental Health and Grant/Cooperative Agreement Number 5 U38 EH000177-02 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-1973 BN 978-90-481-2321-6 J9 QUANT GEO G PY 2010 VL 16 BP 89 EP + DI 10.1007/978-90-481-2322-3_8 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Mathematics, Applied SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Mathematics GA BTY99 UT WOS:000288481100008 ER PT J AU Nsubuga, P Brown, WG Groseclose, SL Ahadzie, L Talisuna, AO Mmbuji, P Tshimanga, M Midzi, S Wurapa, F Bazeyo, W Amri, M Trostle, M White, M AF Nsubuga, P. Brown, W. G. Groseclose, S. L. Ahadzie, L. Talisuna, A. O. Mmbuji, P. Tshimanga, M. Midzi, S. Wurapa, F. Bazeyo, W. Amri, M. Trostle, M. White, M. TI Implementing integrated disease surveillance and response: Four African countries' experience, 1998-2005 SO GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE capacity development; surveillance; outbreak investigation; integrated programmes ID POLIO ERADICATION; ETHICAL DILEMMAS AB The Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) strategy was developed by the Africa Regional Office (AFRO) of the World Health Organisation (WHO) and proposed for adoption by member states in 1998. The goal was to build WHO/AFRO countries' capacity to detect, report and effectively respond to priority infectious diseases. This evaluation focuses on the outcomes in four countries that implemented this strategy. Major successes included: integration of the surveillance function of most of the categorical disease control programmes; implementation of standard surveillance, laboratory and response guidelines; improved timeliness and completeness of surveillance data and increased national-level review and use of surveillance data for response. The most challenging aspects were: strengthening laboratory networks; providing regular feedback and supervision on surveillance and response activities; routine monitoring of IDSR activities and extending the strategy to sub-national levels. C1 [Nsubuga, P.; Brown, W. G.; White, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Off Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Groseclose, S. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ahadzie, L.] Ghana Hlth Serv, Natl Surveillance Unit, Accra, Ghana. [Talisuna, A. O.] Uganda Minist Hlth, Epidemiol Surveillance Div, Kampala, Uganda. [Mmbuji, P.] Tanzania Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Epidemiol Unit, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Tshimanga, M.] Univ Zimbabwe, Dept Community Med, Harare, Zimbabwe. [Midzi, S.] Minist Hlth & Child Welf, Dept Prevent Serv, Harare, Zimbabwe. [Wurapa, F.] Univ Ghana, Sch Publ Hlth, Legon, Ghana. [Bazeyo, W.] Makerere Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Amri, M.] World Hlth Org Country Off, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Trostle, M.] Bur Global Hlth, USAID Avian Influenza Unit, Washington, DC USA. RP Nsubuga, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Off Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM PCN0@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1744-1692 J9 GLOB PUBLIC HEALTH JI Glob. Public Health PY 2010 VL 5 IS 4 BP 364 EP 380 DI 10.1080/17441690903334943 PG 17 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 748WH UT WOS:000289423100004 PM 19916090 ER PT J AU Chang, LW Kennedy, CE Kennedy, GE Lindegren, ML Marston, BJ Kaplan, JE Sweat, MD Bunnell, RE O'Reilly, K Rutherford, GW Mermin, JH AF Chang, L. W. Kennedy, C. E. Kennedy, G. E. Lindegren, M. L. Marston, B. J. Kaplan, J. E. Sweat, M. D. Bunnell, R. E. O'Reilly, K. Rutherford, G. W. Mermin, J. H. TI Developing WHO guidelines with pragmatic, structured, evidence-based processes: A case study SO GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE guidelines; health policy; HIV; World Health Organisation; group processes ID CLINICAL GUIDELINES; RECOMMENDATIONS; QUALITY; GRADE; CONSENSUS; STRENGTH AB Many guidelines, including those produced by the World Health Organisation (WHO), have failed to adhere to rigorous methodological standards. Operational examples of guideline development processes may provide important lessons learned to improve the rigour and quality of future guidelines. To this end, this paper describes the process of developing WHO guidelines on prevention and care interventions for adults and adolescents living with HIV. Using a pragmatic, structured, evidence-based approach, we created an organising committee, identified topics, conducted systematic reviews, identified experts and distributed evidence summaries. Subsequently, 55 global HIV experts drafted and anonymously submitted guideline statements at the beginning of a conference. During the conference, participants voted on statements using scales evaluating appropriateness of the statements, strength of recommendation and level of evidence. After review of voting results, open discussion, re-voting and refinement of statements, a draft version of the guidelines was completed. A post-conference writing team refined the guidelines based on pre-determined guideline writing principles and incorporated external comments into a final document. Successes and challenges of the guideline development process were identified and are used to highlight current issues and debates in developing guidelines with a focus on implications for future guideline development at WHO. C1 [Chang, L. W.; Kennedy, G. E.; Rutherford, G. W.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Cochrane HIV AIDS Grp, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Chang, L. W.] Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Kennedy, C. E.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lindegren, M. L.; Marston, B. J.; Kaplan, J. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, HIV Care & Treatment Branch, Global AIDS Programme GAP, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sweat, M. D.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Bunnell, R. E.] CDC Kenya, GAP, Nairobi, Kenya. [O'Reilly, K.] WHO, Dept HIV AIDS, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Mermin, J. H.] CDC Kenya, Coordinating Off Global Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Chang, LW (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Cochrane HIV AIDS Grp, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM lchang8@jhmi.edu RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012 NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1744-1692 J9 GLOB PUBLIC HEALTH JI Glob. Public Health PY 2010 VL 5 IS 4 BP 395 EP 412 DI 10.1080/17441690903473253 PG 18 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 748WH UT WOS:000289423100006 PM 20155547 ER PT J AU Stonebraker, JS Bolton-Maggs, PHB Soucie, JM Walker, I Brooker, M AF Stonebraker, J. S. Bolton-Maggs, P. H. B. Soucie, J. Michael Walker, I. Brooker, M. TI A study of variations in the reported haemophilia A prevalence around the world SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Article DE economics; epidemiology; haemophilia A; prevalence; World Federation of Hemophilia ID UNITED-KINGDOM; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; LIFE EXPECTANCY; SWEDISH HEMOPHILIACS; DUTCH HEMOPHILIACS; MORTALITY-RATES; CARE; DEATH; MANAGEMENT; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB The objectives of this paper were to study the reported haemophilia A prevalence (per 100 000 males) on a country-by-country basis and address the following: Does the reported prevalence of haemophilia A vary by national economies? We collected prevalence data for 106 countries from the World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH) annual global surveys and the literature. We found that the reported haemophilia A prevalence varied considerably among countries, even among the wealthiest of countries. The prevalence (per 100 000 males) for high income countries was 12.8 +/- 6.0 (mean +/- SD) whereas it was 6.6 +/- 4.8 for the rest of the world. Within a country, there was a strong trend of increasing prevalence over time - the prevalence for Canada ranged from 10.2 in 1989 to 14.2 in 2008 (R = 0.94 and P < 0.001) and for the United Kingdom it ranged from 9.3 in 1974 to 21.6 in 2006 (R = 0.94 and P < 0.001). Prevalence data reported from the WFH compared well with prevalence data from the literature. Patient registries generally provided the highest quality of prevalence data. The lack of accurate country-specific prevalence data has constrained planning efforts for the treatment and care of people with haemophilia A. With improved information, healthcare agencies can assess budgetary needs to develop better diagnostic and treatment facilities for affected patients and families and work to ensure adequate supplies of factor VIII concentrates for treatment. In addition, this information can help manufacturers plan the production of concentrates and prevent future shortages. C1 [Stonebraker, J. S.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Management, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Bolton-Maggs, P. H. B.] Manchester Royal Infirm, Dept Clin Haematol, Manchester M13 9WL, Lancs, England. [Soucie, J. Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Walker, I.] McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Brooker, M.] World Federat Hemophilia, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Stonebraker, JS (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Coll Management, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM jeff_stonebraker@ncsu.edu FU University of Denver FX We thank the president of the WFH, Mark W. Skinner, and Dr Bruce L. Evatt for their helpful review of the manuscript. We thank the chairman of the UKHCDO, Dr Charles R. M. Hay, for permission to publish its data. We thank Lynne Dewhurst in providing annual UKHCDO reports for 2004, 2005 and 2008. We thank Ben Palmer for providing statistical expertise. Professor Stonebraker received research grants from the University of Denver. NR 86 TC 82 Z9 83 U1 4 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JAN PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 20 EP 32 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2009.02127.x PG 13 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 538JG UT WOS:000273179800005 PM 19845775 ER PT B AU Sobus, JR Morgan, MK Pleil, JD Barr, DB AF Sobus, Jon R. Morgan, Marsha K. Pleil, Joachim D. Barr, Dana B. BE Krieger, R TI Biomonitoring: Uses and Considerations for Assessing Nonoccupational Human Exposure to Pesticides SO HAYES' HANDBOOK OF PESTICIDE TOXICOLOGY, VOLS 1 AND 2, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID 1998 GERES-III; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES; ENVIRONMENTAL-POLLUTANTS; INSECTICIDE CHLORPYRIFOS; EVERYDAY ENVIRONMENTS; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; NATIONAL CHILDRENS; GERMAN POPULATION; YOUNG-CHILDREN C1 [Sobus, Jon R.; Morgan, Marsha K.; Pleil, Joachim D.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Barr, Dana B.] US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. RP Sobus, JR (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013 NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092201-0; 978-0-12-374367-1 PY 2010 BP 1021 EP 1036 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374367-1.00045-8 PG 16 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BCS50 UT WOS:000311281800048 ER PT J AU Calvert, GM Mehler, LN Alsop, J De Vries, AL Besbelli, N AF Calvert, Geoffrey M. Mehler, Louise N. Alsop, Judith De Vries, Allison L. Besbelli, Nida BE Krieger, R TI Surveillance of Pesticide-Related Illness and Injury in Humans SO HAYES' HANDBOOK OF PESTICIDE TOXICOLOGY, VOLS 1 AND 2, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CHRONIC NEUROLOGICAL SEQUELAE; DATA-SYSTEM NPDS; AGRICULTURAL HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; AMERICAN-ASSOCIATION; CANCER INCIDENCE; CALIFORNIA; APPLICATORS; MORTALITY C1 [Calvert, Geoffrey M.; De Vries, Allison L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Mehler, Louise N.] Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [Alsop, Judith] Calif Poison Control Syst, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Besbelli, Nida] WHO, European Ctr Environm & Hlth, D-53113 Bonn, Germany. RP Calvert, GM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. NR 121 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092201-0 PY 2010 BP 1313 EP 1369 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374367-1.00061-6 PG 57 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BCS50 UT WOS:000311281800064 ER PT J AU Dixon, D Saul, J Peters, M AF Dixon, Denise Saul, Janet Peters, Michael TI Psychosocial Correlates of HIV Sexual Protective Behavior Among Puerto Rican Women Residing in the Bronx, New York SO HEALTH CARE FOR WOMEN INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID AIDS-RISK BEHAVIOR; CONDOM USE; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; HISPANIC WOMEN; UNITED-STATES; ACCULTURATION; INTERVENTION; ATTITUDES; PARTNERS AB In this study, correlates of HIV sexual protective behavior, in the form of condom use, were examined within a population of urban women identified as at increased heterosexual risk for HIV infection. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to analyze data collected via structured interviews for 187 Puerto Rican women recruited from the waiting areas of a comprehensive health clinic in the Bronx, New York. Increased condom use with primary partners was associated with higher levels of mastery, more non-Hispanic acculturation, and greater adherence to traditional female gender roles. Increased condom use with nonprimary partners was associated with higher HIV/AIDS prevention self-efficacy. Thus, primary versus nonprimary relationships appeared to represent distinct contexts for HIV sexual risk behavior, with implications for different intervention strategies based upon relationship contexts for Latina women. C1 [Dixon, Denise] SUNY Stony Brook, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Dev & Behav Pediat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Saul, Janet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Peters, Michael] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Hlth & Behav, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. RP Dixon, D (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Dev & Behav Pediat, HSC T11 020, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM ddxn@mac.com NR 55 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 12 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0739-9332 EI 1096-4665 J9 HEALTH CARE WOMEN IN JI Health Care Women Int. PY 2010 VL 31 IS 3 BP 274 EP 293 DI 10.1080/07399330903171416 PG 20 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies GA 570OO UT WOS:000275687800005 PM 20390652 ER PT B AU Zehnbaner, B Nasser, M AF Zehnbaner, Barbara Nasser, Mona BE Crisan, D TI Targeted Therapy in Hematologic Malignancies SO HEMATOPATHOLOGY: GENOMIC MECHANISMS OF NEOPLASTIC DISEASES SE Molecular and Translational Medicine LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Tumor; Genetics; Therapy; Targeted; Chemotherapy; Molecular; Cancer; Therapies; Antibodies; Anti-cancer; Immune; Cytotoxicity; Cytotoxic; Tumor; Monoclonal; Antibodies; Human; Therapeutic; Chimeric; Resistant; Treatment; Trials; Kinase; Inhibitor; Kinase; Cancer; JAK2; Activation; Molecule; Inhibitors; Imatinib; CML; Binding; Resistance; Mutation; Nilotinib; Dasatinib; ATRA; Retinoic; Repression; APL; AML; Mutations; Classification; Target; Angiogenesis; Thalidomide; Immunomodulatory; Apoptotic; Relapsed; Vaccine; Immune; Virus; Membrane; Targeted; Agents; Inhibitor; Antitumor ID CHRONIC MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; CHRONIC MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA; TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR; ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; ANTI-CD20 MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA; TRANS-RETINOIC ACID; SRC FAMILY KINASES; B-CELL LYMPHOMAS C1 [Zehnbaner, Barbara] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Syst, Lab Practice Evaluat & Genom Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Nasser, Mona] Beni Suer Univ, Dept Clin Chem, Sch Med, Beni Suet, Egypt. RP Zehnbaner, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Syst, Lab Practice Evaluat & Genom Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop G23, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bzehnbauer@cdc.gov NR 118 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA BN 978-1-60761-261-2 J9 MOL TRANSL MED PY 2010 BP 293 EP 323 DI 10.1007/978-1-60761-262-9_9 D2 10.1007/978-1-60761-262-9 PG 31 WC Hematology; Pathology SC Hematology; Pathology GA BRJ38 UT WOS:000282828500009 ER PT J AU Allen, AS Satten, GA Bray, SL Dudbridge, F Epstein, MP AF Allen, Andrew S. Satten, Glen A. Bray, Sarah L. Dudbridge, Frank Epstein, Michael P. TI Fast and Robust Association Tests for Untyped SNPs in Case-Control Studies SO HUMAN HEREDITY LA English DT Article DE Genotype imputation; Genome-wide association study; Efficient score; Case-control study ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; GENOTYPE DATA; IMPUTATION; INFERENCE AB Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) aim to genotype enough single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to effectively capture common genetic variants across the genome. Even though the number of SNPs genotyped in such studies can exceed a million, there is still interest in testing association with SNPs that were not genotyped in the study sample. Analyses of such untyped SNPs can assist in signal localization, permit cross-platform integration of samples from separate studies, and can improve power especially for rarer SNPs. External information on a larger collection of SNPs from an appropriate reference panel, comprising both SNPs typed in the sample and the untyped SNPs we wish to test for association, is necessary for an untyped variant analysis to proceed. Linkage disequilibrium patterns observed in the reference panel are then used to infer the likely genotype at the untyped SNPs in the study sample. We propose here a novel statistical approach for testing untyped SNPs in case-control GWAS, based on an efficient score function derived from a prospective likelihood, that automatically accounts for the variability in the process of estimating the untyped variant. Computationally efficient methods of phasing can be used without affecting the validity of the test, and simple measures of haplotype sharing can be used to infer genotypes at the untyped SNPs, making our approach computationally much faster than existing approaches for untyped analysis. At the same time, we show, using simulated data, that our approach often has performance nearly equivalent to hidden Markov methods of untyped analysis. The software package 'untyped' is available to implement our approach. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Allen, Andrew S.] Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Satten, Glen A.] Emory Univ, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Epstein, Michael P.] Emory Univ, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Bray, Sarah L.; Dudbridge, Frank] MRC, Biostat Unit, Cambridge CB2 2BW, England. [Dudbridge, Frank] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, London WC1, England. RP Allen, AS (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, 2424 Erwin Rd,Suite 1102, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM andrew.s.allen@duke.edu OI Satten, Glen/0000-0001-7275-5371 FU NIH through NIMH [R01 MH084680, U01 MH079470]; UK MRC [U.1052.00.012.00001.01]; NIH through NHGRI [R01 HG003618] FX We would like to thank Goncalo Abecasis and Yun Li for the use of the simulated data. A.S.A. acknowledges support from the NIH through NIMH grant R01 MH084680. S.L.B. acknowledges support from the NIH through NIMH grant U01 MH079470. F.D. acknowledges support from UK MRC grant U.1052.00.012.00001.01. M.P.E. acknowledges support from the NIH through NHGRI grant R01 HG003618. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0001-5652 J9 HUM HERED JI Hum. Hered. PY 2010 VL 70 IS 3 BP 167 EP 176 DI 10.1159/000308456 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 672US UT WOS:000283613000002 PM 20689309 ER PT J AU Monath, TP Kahn, LH Kaplan, B AF Monath, Thomas P. Kahn, Laura H. Kaplan, Bruce TI Introduction: One Health Perspective SO ILAR JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Monath, Thomas P.] Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers Pandem Preparedn, Cambridge, MA USA. [Kahn, Laura H.] Princeton Univ, Woodrow Wilson Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Program Sci & Global Secur, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Kaplan, Bruce] CDC, Washington, DC USA. [Kaplan, Bruce] USDA FSIS, Washington, DC USA. RP Kaplan, B (reprint author), 4748 Hamlets Grove Dr, Sarasota, FL 34235 USA. EM bkapdvm@verizon.net NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 8 PU INST LABORATORY ANIMAL RESEARCH, NATL RES COUNCIL PI WASHINGTON PA 500 FIFTH ST, N W, WASHINGTON, DC 20001 USA SN 1084-2020 J9 ILAR J JI ILAR J. PY 2010 VL 51 IS 3 BP 193 EP 198 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 736LI UT WOS:000288495800001 PM 21131719 ER PT S AU Ogden, CL Wei, R Curtin, LR Flegal, KM AF Ogden, Cynthia L. Wei, Rong Curtin, Lester R. Flegal, Katherine M. BE Lucas, A Makrides, M Ziegler, EE TI The 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Growth Charts: Several Insights after 8 Years SO IMPORTANCE OF GROWTH FOR HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT SE Nestle Nutrition Institute Workshop Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 65th Nestle-Nutrition-Institute Workshop on Importance of Growth for Health and Development CY MAR 29-APR 02, 2009 CL Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA SP Nestle Nutr Inst ID ADOLESCENT OVERWEIGHT; NATIONAL-CENTER; LMS METHOD; OBESITY; CHILD; CURVES AB This paper explores three issues related to the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts. First, it clarifies the methods that were used to create the charts as it has become apparent that the smoothing techniques have been somewhat misunderstood. The techniques included smoothing-selected percentiles between and including the 3rd and 97th percentiles and then approximating these smoothed curves using a procedure to provide the transformation parameters, lambda, mu, and sigma. Only the selected percentiles were used in this process due to small sample sizes beyond these percentiles. Second, given the concern that the infant charts were created with relatively few data points in the first few months of life, it compares the original observed percentiles with percentiles that include newly available US national data for the first few months of life. Third, it discusses the issues that arise if a 99th percentile is extrapolated based on the lambda, mu, and sigma parameters. The 99th percentile of the body mass index-for-age chart has been recommended to identify extremely obese children, yet the 97th percentile is the highest available percentile on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts. Copyright (C) 2010 Nestec Ltd., Vevey/S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Ogden, Cynthia L.; Wei, Rong; Curtin, Lester R.; Flegal, Katherine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Ogden, CL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RI Flegal, Katherine/A-4608-2013; OI Flegal, Katherine/0000-0002-0838-469X NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0742-2806 BN 978-3-8055-9304-5 J9 NESTLE NUTR WORKS SE PY 2010 VL 65 BP 181 EP 195 PG 15 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA BQR79 UT WOS:000281663300013 PM 20139682 ER PT J AU Xu, HJ He, M Pang, XJ Xu, ZC Piesman, J Yang, XF AF Xu, Haijun He, Ming Pang, Xiujuan Xu, Zao C. Piesman, Joseph Yang, X. Frank TI Characterization of the Highly Regulated Antigen BBA05 in the Enzootic Cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID LYME-DISEASE SPIROCHETE; OUTER-SURFACE PROTEIN; FIBRONECTIN-BINDING PROTEIN; GENE-EXPRESSION; MAMMALIAN HOST; INFECTIOUS CYCLE; SALIVARY-GLANDS; IXODES-RICINUS; IMMUNIZED MICE; OSPC OPERATOR AB Dramatic alteration of surface lipoprotein profiles is a key strategy that Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease pathogen, has evolved for adapting to the diverse environments of arthropod and mammalian hosts. Several of these differentially expressed lipoproteins have been shown to play important roles in the enzootic cycle of B. burgdorferi. The BBA05 protein is a previously identified putative lipoprotein (P55 or S1 antigen) that elicits antibody responses in mammals. Recent microarray analyses indicate that the BBA05 gene is differentially expressed by many environmental factors, including temperature. However, the role of the BBA05 protein in the life cycle of B. burgdorferi has not been elucidated. Here we show that expression of the BBA05 gene was exclusively induced in feeding nymphal ticks during the spirochetal transmission from ticks to mammals. Upon generating a BBA05 mutant in an infectious strain of B. burgdorferi, we showed that the BBA05 mutant remained capable of establishing infection in mice, being acquired by ticks, persisting through tick molting, and reinfecting new mammalian hosts. These results indicate that, despite being a highly conserved and regulated antigen, the BBA05 protein has a nonessential role in the transmission cycle of B. burgdorferi, at least in the animal model. C1 [Xu, Haijun; He, Ming; Yang, X. Frank] Indiana Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Xu, Zao C.] Indiana Univ, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Pang, Xiujuan] Shenyang Pharmaceut Univ, Coll Pharm, Shenyang, Peoples R China. [Piesman, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, NCZVED, CCID, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Yang, XF (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM xfyang@iupui.edu RI Yang, X. Frank/F-3266-2010; OI Xu, Hai-Jun/0000-0002-7314-377X FU NIH [R03 AR054942, R01 AI083640]; American Heart Association Scientist Development; Indiana University; Lilly Endowment, Inc; National Center for Research Resources, NIH [C06 RR015481-01] FX Funding for this work was partially provided by NIH grants R03 AR054942 and R01 AI083640 (to X.F.Y.), an American Heart Association Scientist Development Grant (to X.F.Y.), and Indiana INGEN and METACyt grants from Indiana University, funded by the Lilly Endowment, Inc. (to X.F.Y.). This investigation was partially conducted in a facility constructed with support from research facilities improvement program grant C06 RR015481-01 from the National Center for Research Resources, NIH. NR 71 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 78 IS 1 BP 100 EP 107 DI 10.1128/IAI.01008-09 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 535QC UT WOS:000272984300009 PM 19822648 ER PT B AU Pica, N Tumpey, TM Garcia-Sastre, A Palese, P AF Pica, Natalie Tumpey, Terrence M. Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo Palese, Peter BE Wang, Q Tao, YJ TI Virulence Genes of the 1918 Pandemic Influenza Virus SO INFLUENZA: MOLECULAR VIROLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID A VIRUS; NS1 PROTEIN; RIG-I; ANTIVIRAL RESPONSES; PB1-F2 PROTEIN; NEURAMINIDASE DETERMINES; MITOCHONDRIAL PROTEIN; BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA; INFECTED-CELLS; GUINEA-PIG AB The pandemic influenza virus of 1918 was extremely virulent and caused significant morbidity and mortality to millions of people worldwide. The extinct virus caused severe pathology in both the upper and lower respiratory tract, resulting in fatal respiratory complications and bacterial pneumonia. The pathology associated with 1918 influenza virus infections is thought to be the result of the exposure of an immunologically naive host population to an unusually virulent virus. Using reverse genetics, the 1918 pandemic virus has been studied in different animal models in an attempt to determine which viral genes contribute to the increased virulence. Studies to date point to the role of the haemagglutinin, neuraminidase, and the polymerase basic protein I genes as the virulence genes responsible for the high pathogenicity seen with the 1918 influenza virus. C1 [Pica, Natalie; Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Global Hlth & Emerging Pathogens Inst, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, Global Hlth & Emerging Pathogens Inst, New York, NY USA. [Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pica, N (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Global Hlth & Emerging Pathogens Inst, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM natalie.pica@mssm.edu; tft9@cdc.gov; adolfo.garcia_sastre@mssm.edu; peter.palese@mssm.edu NR 85 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-904455-57-8 PY 2010 BP 125 EP 136 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Virology GA BNN51 UT WOS:000275067700007 ER PT J AU Yang, H Sunderraman, R Tian, H AF Yang, H. Sunderraman, R. Tian, H. TI bcnQL A query language for biochemical networks SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DATA MINING AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE graph; data; model; query; language; G-algebra; biochemical networks ID DATABASE AB This paper proposes a graph data model that can represent information present in Biochemical Networks The study presented in this paper also proposes a query language called bcnQL which empowers users to query entities, interactions, processes and pathways with arbitrary conditions We then discuss the query-processing techniques, more specifically, the translation of bcnQL queries into G-algebra and a set of algebraic operators on graph objects Some query examples are presented to demonstrate the applicability of the language for this specific domain Finally, we provide details of a prototype implementation for the query language C1 [Yang, H.; Sunderraman, R.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Tian, H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sunderraman, R (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD PI GENEVA PA WORLD TRADE CENTER BLDG, 29 ROUTE DE PRE-BOIS, CASE POSTALE 896, CH-1215 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 1748-5673 J9 INT J DATA MIN BIOIN JI Int. J. Data Min. Bioinform. PY 2010 VL 4 IS 5 BP 571 EP 587 PG 17 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 681SF UT WOS:000284336400006 PM 21133042 ER PT J AU Lantagne, D Klarman, M Mayer, A Preston, K Napotnik, J Jellison, K AF Lantagne, Daniele Klarman, Molly Mayer, Ally Preston, Kelsey Napotnik, Julie Jellison, Kristen TI Effect of production variables on microbiological removal in locally-produced ceramic filters for household water treatment SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ceramic filtration; developing countries; household water treatment; point-of-use treatment; quality control ID PROVIDING SUSTAINED ACCESS; SAFE DRINKING-WATER; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; DEVELOPING-WORLD; DIARRHEA; POINT; FILTRATION AB Diarrhoeal diseases cause an estimated 1.87 million child deaths per year. Point-of-use filtration using locally made ceramic filters improves microbiological quality of stored drinking water and prevents diarrhoeal disease. Scaling-up ceramic filtration is inhibited by lack of universal quality control standards. We investigated filter production variables to determine their affect on microbiological removal during 5-6 weeks of simulated normal use. Decreases in the clay:sawdust ratio and changes in the burnable decreased effectiveness of the filter. Method of silver application and shape of filter did not impact filter effectiveness. A maximum flow rate of 1.7 l-hr was established as a potential quality control measure for one particular filter to ensure 99% (2- log10) removal of total coliforms. Further research is indicated to determine additional production variables associated with filter effectiveness and develop standardized filter production procedures prior to scaling-up. C1 [Lantagne, Daniele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Klarman, Molly] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Mayer, Ally; Preston, Kelsey; Napotnik, Julie; Jellison, Kristen] Lehigh Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Lantagne, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dlantagne@cdc.gov FU National Science Foundation [0545687]; United States Agency for International Development; Global Field Experience fund at the Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University FX This Lehigh University work was partially supported by a National Science Foundation CAREER grant to co-author K. Jellison (Award #0545687). The Dominican Republic work was partially supported by the United States Agency for International Development and the Global Field Experience fund at the Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University. NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-3123 J9 INT J ENVIRON HEAL R JI Int. J. Environ. Health Res. PY 2010 VL 20 IS 3 BP 171 EP 187 AR PII 919289457 DI 10.1080/09603120903440665 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 597PJ UT WOS:000277770300002 PM 20162486 ER PT J AU Middleton, D Kowalski, P AF Middleton, Dan Kowalski, Peter TI Advances in Identifying Beryllium Sensitization and Disease SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review DE beryllium; BeLPT; beryllium sensitization; BeS; screening; chronic beryllium disease; CBD ID LYMPHOCYTE-PROLIFERATION TEST; SURVEILLANCE; EXPOSURE; BELPT AB Beryllium is a lightweight metal with unique qualities related to stiffness, corrosion resistance, and conductivity. While there are many useful applications, researchers in the 1930s and l940s linked beryllium exposure to a progressive occupational lung disease. Acute beryllium disease is a pulmonary irritant response to high exposure levels, whereas chronic beryllium disease (CBD) typically results from a hypersensitivity response to lower exposure levels. A blood test, the beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT), was an important advance in identifying individuals who are sensitized to beryllium (BeS) and thus at risk for developing CBD. While there is no true "gold standard" for BeS, basic epidemiologic concepts have been used to advance our understanding of the different screening algorithms. C1 [Middleton, Dan] CDC, Div Hlth Studies, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kowalski, Peter] CDC, Div Hlth Assessment & Consultat, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Middleton, D (reprint author), CDC, Div Hlth Studies, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Chamblee Campus,Bldg 106,4770 Buford Highway NE,M, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dcm2@cdc.gov; pek2@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL-MDPI PI BASEL PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD JAN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 1 BP 115 EP 124 DI 10.3390/ijerph7010115 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 548WR UT WOS:000274000900009 PM 20195436 ER PT J AU MacDorman, MF Mathews, TJ AF MacDorman, Marian F. Mathews, T. J. TI BEHIND INTERNATIONAL RANKINGS OF INFANT MORTALITY: HOW THE UNITED STATES COMPARES WITH EUROPE SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SERVICES LA English DT Article ID GESTATIONAL-AGE; BIRTH; RATES AB In 2005, the United States ranked 30th in the world in infant mortality Infant mortality rates for preterm (<37 weeks of gestation) infants are lower in the United States than in most European countries, however, infant mortality rates for infants born at 37 or more weeks of gestation are higher in the United States than in most European countries One in 8 births in the United States were preterm in 2005, compared with 1 in 18 births in Ireland and Finland, and 1 in 16 in Fiance and Sweden If the United States had Sweden's distribution of births by gestational age, nearly 8,000 infant deaths in the United States would be averted each year, and the U S. infant mortality rate would be one-third lower The main cause of the United States' high infant mortality rate when compared with Europe is the very high percentage of preterm births in the United States, the period when infant mortality is greatest C1 [MacDorman, Marian F.; Mathews, T. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP MacDorman, MF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 7318, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM mfm1@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU BAYWOOD PUBL CO INC PI AMITYVILLE PA 26 AUSTIN AVE, PO BOX 337, AMITYVILLE, NY 11701 USA SN 0020-7314 J9 INT J HEALTH SERV JI Int. J. Health Serv. PY 2010 VL 40 IS 4 BP 577 EP 588 DI 10.2190/HS.40.4.a PG 12 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 669GL UT WOS:000283335800001 PM 21058532 ER PT J AU Martinez, MD Rocha, J Clavel-Arcas, C Mack, KA AF de Lourdes Martinez T, Maria Rocha C, Julio Clavel-Arcas, Carme Mack, Karin A. TI Nonfatal unintentional injuries in children aged < 15 years in Nicaragua SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INJURY CONTROL AND SAFETY PROMOTION LA English DT Article DE unintentional injuries; children; falls; burns; poisonings; injury surveillance ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; CHILDHOOD INJURIES; UNITED-STATES; EMERGENCY; MORBIDITY; SURVEILLANCE; POISONINGS; INFANTS; PATTERN; BURNS AB The objective of this study was to describe the nonfatal unintentional injuries among children aged 515 years treated in four emergency departments (EDs) in Nicaragua. The 2004 Injury Surveillance System included all cases of injuries that attended the four hospital EDs (n = 37,577). We analysed the records of 13,426 children aged 515 years who sustained nonfatal unintentional injuries. The leading causes of injuries were falls (50.5%), blunt force trauma (13.2%) and transport-related incidents (11.5%). Transport-related injuries primarily involved cyclists (42.3%) and motor-vehicle passengers (32.5%). Ten per cent of the injured children were hospitalised. This is the first study to present the epidemiology of nonfatal unintentional injuries among children treated in EDs in Nicaragua. Unintentional injuries are an important cause of morbidity, but the burden remains largely unaddressed. The implementation of the already well-established transportation-related prevention strategies should be a priority. Prevention of falls (falls being the leading cause of injury among children) demands further study. C1 [Clavel-Arcas, Carme; Mack, Karin A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [de Lourdes Martinez T, Maria] UNAN Leon, Fac Ciencias Med, Leon, Nicaragua. [Rocha C, Julio] HEODRA, Leon, Nicaragua. [Clavel-Arcas, Carme] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pan Amer Hlth Org, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mack, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kmack@cdc.gov RI Mack, Karin/A-3263-2012 OI Mack, Karin/0000-0001-9274-3001 NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1745-7300 EI 1745-7319 J9 INT J INJ CONTROL SA JI Int. J. Inj. Control Saf. Promot. PY 2010 VL 17 IS 1 BP 3 EP 11 DI 10.1080/17457300903525117 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 618ZF UT WOS:000279394900002 ER PT J AU Espitia-Hardeman, V Hungerford, D Hill, HA Betancourt, CE Villareal, AN Caycedo, LD Portillo, C AF Espitia-Hardeman, Victoria Hungerford, Dan Hill, Holly A. Betancourt, Carmen E. Villareal, Alba N. Caycedo, Luz D. Portillo, Carlos TI Alcohol-associated injury visits to emergency departments in Pasto, Colombia in 2006 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INJURY CONTROL AND SAFETY PROMOTION LA English DT Article ID TRAUMA CENTER; CONSUMPTION; INTOXICATION; COUNTRIES; RISK; ROOM C1 [Espitia-Hardeman, Victoria; Hill, Holly A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hungerford, Dan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Injury Response, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Betancourt, Carmen E.; Villareal, Alba N.; Caycedo, Luz D.; Portillo, Carlos] Observ Delito, Pasto, Colombia. RP Espitia-Hardeman, V (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vbe2@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1745-7300 J9 INT J INJ CONTROL SA JI Int. J. Inj. Control Saf. Promot. PY 2010 VL 17 IS 2 BP 129 EP 133 DI 10.1080/17457301003728544 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 618ZG UT WOS:000279395000008 PM 20352553 ER PT J AU Clinton-Sherrod, AM Gibbs, DA Crosby, A Melanson, C Loomis, KM Farris, T Leeb, RT AF Clinton-Sherrod, A. Monique Gibbs, Deborah A. Crosby, Alexander Melanson, Cindi Loomis, Kellie M. Farris, Tonya Leeb, Rebecca T. TI The impact of child maltreatment and intimate partner violence surveillance initiatives SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INJURY CONTROL AND SAFETY PROMOTION LA English DT Article DE child maltreatment; intimate partner violence; surveillance system ID PUBLIC-HEALTH SURVEILLANCE; INJURY SURVEILLANCE AB Child maltreatment (CM) and intimate partner violence (IPV) take a tremendous toll on communities around the world. Despite the impact of CM and IPV, data on their incidence are drawn from disparate sources of varying quality. To improve data resources in these areas, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Division of Violence Prevention funded state-based IPV and CM surveillance activities in nine states between 1994 and 2005. This article describes reported outcomes of these surveillance programmes; assesses factors affecting their sustainability; and provides recommendations for similar programmes through document review and interviews with state representatives. Findings indicate that states achieved outcomes with these surveillance initiatives; however, states noted concerns with sustaining systems because of a lack of resources and ineffective collaborations. Highlighted in this article are several lessons that other countries can learn from the experiences of these states in testing CM and IPV surveillance systems. C1 [Clinton-Sherrod, A. Monique; Gibbs, Deborah A.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Crosby, Alexander] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Melanson, Cindi; Leeb, Rebecca T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Farris, Tonya] RTI Int, Washington, DC 20005 USA. RP Clinton-Sherrod, AM (reprint author), RTI Int, 3040 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM mclinton@rti.org FU PHS HHS [200-2001-00123] NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1745-7300 J9 INT J INJ CONTROL SA JI Int. J. Inj. Control Saf. Promot. PY 2010 VL 17 IS 3 BP 177 EP 185 AR PII 925128075 DI 10.1080/17457301003728486 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 635EE UT WOS:000280637600006 PM 20373194 ER PT J AU Morata, TC AF Morata, Thais C. TI Chemical Interactions in the Auditory System SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Toxicology CY NOV 01-04, 2009 CL Palm Springs, CA SP Amer Coll Toxicol C1 [Morata, Thais C.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RI Morata, Thais/A-6848-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1091-5818 J9 INT J TOXICOL JI Int. J. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 29 IS 1 BP 126 EP 127 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 552AF UT WOS:000274255600123 ER PT J AU Beavers, SF Holtz, TH Garrett, DO AF Beavers, Suzanne F. Holtz, Timothy H. Garrett, Denise O. TI Hospital-based surveillance for DR-TB: necessary but not sufficient SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Beavers, Suzanne F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Team, Surveillance Epidemiol & Outbreak Invest Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Holtz, Timothy H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Program Strengthening Epidemiol, Int Res & Programs Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Beavers, SF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Team, Surveillance Epidemiol & Outbreak Invest Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fgx5@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 14 IS 1 BP 5 EP 5 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 540DT UT WOS:000273311700002 PM 20003688 ER PT J AU Agizew, TB Arwady, MA Yoon, JC Nyirenda, S Mosimaneotsile, B Tedla, Z Motsamai, O Kilmarx, PH Wells, CD Samandari, T AF Agizew, T. B. Arwady, M. A. Yoon, J. C. Nyirenda, S. Mosimaneotsile, B. Tedla, Z. Motsamai, O. Kilmarx, P. H. Wells, C. D. Samandari, T. TI Tuberculosis in asymptomatic FIN-infected adults with abnormal chest radiographs screened for tuberculosis prevention SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; HIV/AIDS; preventive therapy; isoniazid; screening ID HIGH HIV PREVALENCE; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; SUBCLINICAL TUBERCULOSIS; RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; THERAPY; COUNTRIES; PROGRAM; PEOPLE; BURDEN; UGANDA AB BACKGROUND: Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) prevents tuberculosis (TB) in people living with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus, PLWH). Symptom screening without chest radiographs (CXRs) was established as the strategy for excluding TB disease among PLWH seeking IPT in Botswana's 2001 pilot project. This strategy was evaluated in 2004-2006 among candidates screened for an IPT clinical trial. METHODS: PLWH referred from clinics and HIV testing centers were screened for TB symptoms. All asymptomatic candidates received CXRs; those with abnormal CXRs were investigated further. RESULTS: Among 2732 asymptomatic candidates screened, 302 (11%) had abnormal CXRs potentially compatible with TB; TB disease was diagnosed in 43 of these 302 (14%), or 43 (1.6%) of the 2732 asymptomatic candidates. While not associated with CD4 lymphocyte counts < 200 cells/mm(3), TB was associated with a positive tuberculin skin test (relative risk 2.1, 950/.CI 1.1-4.0). IPT was initiated in 113 (62%) of 182 asymptomatic PLWH with abnormal CXRs; 8/113 (7%) subsequently developed TB, and 7/8 (88%) successfully completed anti-tuberculosis treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalences of abnormal CXRs and TB were respectively 2.6- and 8.9-fold higher among asymptomatic PLWH screened for the trial than in the pilot. A cost-effectiveness analysis is needed to determine whether the benefits of symptom screening alone are offset by the risk of inducing INH resistance by excluding CXRs during screening. C1 [Wells, C. D.; Samandari, T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Agizew, T. B.; Arwady, M. A.; Yoon, J. C.; Nyirenda, S.; Mosimaneotsile, B.; Tedla, Z.; Kilmarx, P. H.; Samandari, T.] BOTUSA, Gaborone, Botswana. [Motsamai, O.] Minist Hlth, Natl TB Program, Gaborone, Botswana. [Kilmarx, P. H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Samandari, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 6100 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tts0@cdc.gov FU Government of Botswana; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA (CDC); US Agency for International Development FX The authors express their thanks to the study participants and for assistance provided by the staff of the Botswana Ministry of Local Government and Ministry of Health. They also thank Professors J E Parker and R J Tallaksen, of the West Virginia University Medical Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, for their expert review of CXRs. Sincere appreciation is expressed to the BOTUSA research nurses and health educators, Without whom this study Would have been impossible. The invaluable assistance of Ms B Chingapane is also acknowledged for data garnered from the Botswana Electronic TB Register, and the BOTUSA data clerks for expedited data entry. Funding was provided by the Government of Botswana and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA (CDC) and the US Agency for International Development. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 14 IS 1 BP 45 EP 51 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 540DT UT WOS:000273311700008 PM 20003694 ER PT S AU Grosse, SD AF Grosse, Scott D. BE Urbano, RC TI SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FAMILIES OF CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME AND THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CHILD DISABILITY ON FAMILIES SO INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF RESEARCH IN MENTAL RETARDATION, VOL 39: HEALTH ISSUES AMONG PERSONS WITH DOWN SYNDROME SE International Review of Research in Mental Retardation LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HEALTH-CARE NEEDS; PRIVATELY INSURED POPULATION; AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER; CHRONICALLY ILL CHILDREN; SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES; DEVELOPMENTAL-DISABILITIES; YOUNG-CHILDREN; SPINA-BIFIDA; METROPOLITAN ATLANTA AB This chapter reviews the research examining the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of families of children with Down syndrome as well as how Down syndrome and other disabilities impact the economic situations of families. Two consistent demographic patterns are found. First, parents of children with Down syndrome on average are older than parents of other children. Second, families of children with Down syndrome are more likely to have social advantages in terms of parental education, income, and race/ethnicity status relative to families of children with other intellectual or developmental disabilities, consistent with a "Down syndrome advantage." In addition, most US studies find that live-born infants with Down syndrome are more likely to be born to Hispanic parents and less likely to have a Black or African American parent than other infants. Financial impacts on families with a child with disabilities such as Down syndrome can result from high out-of-pocket expenditures and reduced parental employment and earnings. Studies differ in terms of specific results as to whether employment effects of child disability are greater among two-parent or one-parent families and whether fewer mothers of children with disabilities are in the paid work force or part-time employment is substituted for full-time employment. Reductions in maternal employment appear to be a function of the severity of the medical condition or disability and the time requirements for care. As children age, the effect of child disability on current maternal employment appears to decline, but a permanent reduction in earnings capacity and household savings can result from altered career trajectories. Many families of children with disabilities experience financial stress, in part as a result of underinsurance. Public programs, notably Supplemental Security Income (SSI) benefits, can help to buffer the financial impact of caring for a child with a serious disability. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 125 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0074-7750 BN 978-0-12-374477-7 J9 INT REV RES MENT RET JI Int. Rev. Res. Ment. Retard. PY 2010 VL 39 BP 257 EP 294 DI 10.1016/S0074-7750(10)39009-4 PG 38 WC Education, Special; Medicine, General & Internal; Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Rehabilitation SC Education & Educational Research; General & Internal Medicine; Psychology; Rehabilitation GA BQU42 UT WOS:000281866000009 ER PT B AU Sempos, CT Looker, AC McGee, DL Rehm, J AF Sempos, Christopher T. Looker, Anne C. McGee, Daniel L. Rehm, Juergen BE Yehuda, S Mostofsky, DI TI Iron and Heart Disease: A Review of the Epidemiologic Data SO IRON DEFICIENCY AND OVERLOAD: FROM BASIC BIOLOGY TO CLINICAL MEDICINE SE Nutrition and Health Series LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE Iron; ferritin; CHD; heart disease; hemochromatosis; epidemiology ID CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; EASTERN FINNISH MEN; HIGH BLOOD CHOLESTEROL; TREATMENT PANEL-III; NCEP EXPERT PANEL; SERUM FERRITIN; CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS; UNITED-STATES AB In 1981, Dr. Jerome Sullivan proposed the hypothesis that the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) increases in a positive fashion as body iron stores increase. Serum ferritin and other less precise measures of body iron stores have been used in those studies to test the hypothesis. Serum ferritin was not significantly related to risk of developing CHD in the vast majority of the observational cohort studies, case-control, or cross-sectional studies. In an underpowered clinical trial, those receiving phlebotomy to lower body stores of iron did not have a significantly lower risk of death from all causes (primary endpoint) or of death plus non-fatal heart attack or stroke compared to controls. The presence of the Cys282Tyr mutation, which accounts for most of the cases of hemochromatosis, was not found to be associated with CHD risk in two meta-analysis studies. At present, the vast majority of the epidemiological data does not support the hypothesis that body iron stores are directly related to the risk of developing CHD. C1 [Sempos, Christopher T.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Rehm, Juergen] Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada. [McGee, Daniel L.] Florida State Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Stat, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Looker, Anne C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Sempos, CT (reprint author), NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 118 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA BN 978-1-934115-22-0 J9 NUTR HEALTH SER JI Nutr. Health Ser. PY 2010 BP 279 EP 298 DI 10.1007/978-1-59745-462-9_16 D2 10.1007/978-1-59745-462-9 PG 20 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA BMR08 UT WOS:000273376400016 ER PT J AU Kafulafula, G Hoover, DR Taha, TE Thigpen, M Li, Q Fowler, MG Kunwenda, NI Nkanaunena, K Mipando, L Mofenson, LM AF Kafulafula, George Hoover, Donald R. Taha, Taha E. Thigpen, Michael Li, Qing Fowler, Mary Glenn Kunwenda, Newton I. Nkanaunena, Kondwani Mipando, Linda Mofenson, Lynne M. TI Frequency of Gastroenteritis and Gastroenteritis-Associated Mortality With Early Weaning in HIV-1-Uninfected Children Born to HIV-Infected Women in Malawi SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE breastfeeding; weaning; gastroenteritis; mortality; HIV-exposed infant ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; LATE POSTNATAL TRANSMISSION; PROPHYLAXIS; COUNTRIES; TRIAL AB Background: We assessed gastroenteritis (GE) burden in 2 randomized trials conducted in Malawi to reduce postnatal HIV transmission before and after World Health Organization recommendations regarding exclusive breastfeeding for HIV-exposed infants were adopted. The 2 trials. were the nevirapine/AZT (NVAZ, 2000-2003 with prolonged breastfeeding) and the Postexposure Prophylaxis to the Infant (PEPI, 2004-2007 with breastfeeding cessation by 6 months). Methods: From NVAZ and PEPI trials data, GE frequency through age 12 months among HIV-negative exposed infants was evaluated. Overall and GE-related cumulative mortality rates were estimated using Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: The frequency of at least one GE-related hospitalization was greater in PEPI vs. NVAZ after age 6 months (respectively, 2.9% vs. 0.1%, at 7-9 months and 1.6% vs. 0.2% at 10-12 months, P < 0.001). Cumulative GE-related mortality was significantly higher in PEPI than in NVAZ after age 6 months; at ages 9 and 12 months GE-related mortality was 19 and 24 per 1000 infants in PEPI vs. 7 and 12 per 1000 infants in NVAZ (P = 0.0002). Conclusions: Early weaning was associated with increased risk of severe GE and GE-related mortality among HIV-exposed infants. Strategies are urgently needed which allow longer breastfeeding while reducing the risk of HIV breast milk transmission in resource-limited settings. C1 [Taha, Taha E.; Li, Qing; Kunwenda, Newton I.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Kafulafula, George] Univ Malawi, Coll Med, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Blantyre, Malawi. [Hoover, Donald R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Stat, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Hoover, Donald R.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Hlth Hlth Care Policy & Aging Res, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Thigpen, Michael; Mofenson, Lynne M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent Surveillance & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fowler, Mary Glenn] Makerere Univ, Mulago Hosp, Kampala, Uganda. [Nkanaunena, Kondwani; Mipando, Linda] Johns Hopkins Univ, Coll Med, Minist Hlth, Res Project, Blantyre, Malawi. [Thigpen, Michael; Mofenson, Lynne M.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Pediat Adolescent & Maternal AIDS Branch, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. RP Taha, TE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM ttaha@jhsph.edu OI Mofenson, Lynne/0000-0002-2818-9808 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD [5ROTWO1199]; Fogarty International Centre; Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, New York FX Supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA and Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, which funded the PEPI study. The NVAZ studies were funded by Fogarty International Centre, National Institutes of Health (AIDS FIRCA Award No. 5ROTWO1199 and Supplement) and the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, New York. NR 22 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 53 IS 1 BP 6 EP 13 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 538KG UT WOS:000273182400003 PM 19844183 ER PT J AU Creek, TL Kim, A Lu, L Bowen, A Masunge, J Arvelo, W Smit, M Mach, O Legwaila, K Motswere, C Zaks, L Finkbeiner, T Povinelli, L Maruping, M Ngwaru, G Tebele, G Bopp, C Puhr, N Johnston, SP Dasilva, AJ Bern, C Beard, RS Davis, MK AF Creek, Tracy L. Kim, Andrea Lu, Lydia Bowen, Anna Masunge, Japhter Arvelo, Wences Smit, Molly Mach, Ondrej Legwaila, Keitumetse Motswere, Catherine Zaks, Laurel Finkbeiner, Thomas Povinelli, Laura Maruping, Maruping Ngwaru, Gibson Tebele, Goitebetswe Bopp, Cheryl Puhr, Nancy Johnston, Stephanie P. Dasilva, Alexandre J. Bern, Caryn Beard, R. S. Davis, Margarett K. TI Hospitalization and Mortality Among Primarily Nonbreastfed Children During a Large Outbreak of Diarrhea and Malnutrition in Botswana, 2006 SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; breastfeeding; replacement feeding; HIV prevention; diarrhea; Cryptosporidium; Escherichia coli; water safety; malnutrition; HIV vertical transmission; Botswana; Africa; PMTCT ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HIV-1 TRANSMISSION; ZAMBIAN CHILDREN; INFANT; CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS; STRATEGIES; SURVIVAL; PROGRAM; TRIAL AB Background: In 2006, a pediatric diarrhea outbreak occurred in Botswana, coinciding with heavy rains. Surveillance recorded a 3 times increase in cases and a 25 fold increase in deaths between January and March. Botswana has high HIV prevalence among pregnant women (33.4% in 2005), and an estimated 35% of all infants under the age of 6 months are not breastfed. Methods: We followed all children <5 years old with diarrhea in the country's second largest referral hospital at the peak of the outbreak by chart review, interviewed mothers, and conducted laboratory testing for HIV and enteric pathogens, Results: Of 153 hospitalized children with diarrhea, 97% were <2 years old; 88% of these were not breastfeeding. HIV was diagnosed in 18% of children and 64% of mothers. Cryptosporidium and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli were common; many children had multiple pathogens. Severe acute malnutrition (kwashiorkor or marasmus) developed in 38 (25%) patients, and 33 (22%) died. Kwashiorkor increased risk for death (relative risk 2.0; P = 0.05); only one breastfeeding child died. Many children who died had been undersupplied with formula. Conclusions: Most of the severe morbidity and mortality in this outbreak occurred in children who were HIV negative and not breastfed. Feeding and nutritional factors were the most important determinants of severe illness and death. Breastfeeding is critical to infant survival in the developing world, and support for breastfeeding among HIV-negative women, and HIV-positive women who cannot formula feed safely, may prevent further high-mortality outbreaks. C1 [Creek, Tracy L.; Kim, Andrea; Lu, Lydia; Bowen, Anna; Arvelo, Wences; Mach, Ondrej; Zaks, Laurel; Finkbeiner, Thomas; Bopp, Cheryl; Puhr, Nancy; Johnston, Stephanie P.; Dasilva, Alexandre J.; Bern, Caryn; Beard, R. S.; Davis, Margarett K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Masunge, Japhter; Zaks, Laurel] Botswana Minist Hlth, Gaborone, Botswana. [Smit, Molly; Legwaila, Keitumetse; Motswere, Catherine; Zaks, Laurel; Maruping, Maruping; Ngwaru, Gibson; Tebele, Goitebetswe; Davis, Margarett K.] BOTUSA Project, Gaborone, Botswana. RP Creek, TL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-04, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. EM tgc0@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 53 IS 1 BP 14 EP 19 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 538KG UT WOS:000273182400004 PM 19801943 ER PT J AU Homsy, J Moore, D Barasa, A Were, W Likicho, C Waiswa, B Downing, R Malamba, S Tappero, J Mermin, J AF Homsy, Jaco Moore, David Barasa, Alex Were, Willi Likicho, Celina Waiswa, Bernard Downing, Robert Malamba, Samuel Tappero, Jordan Mermin, Jonathan TI Breastfeeding, Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission, and Mortality Among Infants Born to HIV-Infected Women on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Rural Uganda SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; highly active antiretroviral therapy; breastfeeding; mother-to-child transmission; infant mortality; Uganda; Africa ID UNINFECTED CHILDREN; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; FREE SURVIVAL; COTE-DIVOIRE; COHORT; PROPHYLAXIS; MORBIDITY; DISEASE AB Background: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) drastically reduces mother-to-child transmission of HIV, but where breastfeeding is the only safe infant feeding option, HAART for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission needs to be evaluated in relation to both HIV transmission and infant mortality. Design and Methods: One hundred and two >= 18-year old women on HAART in rural Uganda who delivered one or more live infants between March 1, 2003 and January 1, 2007 were enrolled in a prospective study to assess HIV transmission and infant survival. All pregnant women were counseled to exclusively breastfeed for 3-6 months according to national guidelines at the time. Infants were followed-up for >= 7 months and were offered HIV polymerase chain reaction testing quarterly from 6 weeks of age until :6 weeks after complete weaning. Results: Of 118 infants born during follow-up, 109 (92%) were breastfed. Median durations of exclusive and total breastfeeding were 4 months (interquartile range 3-6) and 5 months (interquartile range 3-7), respectively. None of the infants tested HIV polymerase chain reaction positive over follow-up but 16 infants died without a definitive HIV status at a median age of 2.6 months. In total, 23 (19%) infants died during follow-up at a median age of 3.7 months; 15 (65%) of whom with severe diarrhea and/or vomiting in the week preceding their death. In multivariate analysis, there was a 6-fold greater risk of death among infants breastfed for less than 6 months independent of maternal CD4 count closest to delivery, maternal marital status or maternal death (adjusted hazard ratio = 6.19; 95% confidence interval 1.41-27.0, P = 0.015). Conclusions: In resource-constrained settings, HIV-infected pregnant women should be assessed for HAART eligibility and treated as needed without delay, and should be encouraged to breastfeed their infants for at least 6 months. C1 [Homsy, Jaco; Malamba, Samuel] Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Global Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. [Moore, David] Univ British Columbia, British Columbia Ctr Excellence HIV AIDS, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Barasa, Alex; Were, Willi; Likicho, Celina; Waiswa, Bernard; Downing, Robert; Tappero, Jordan] Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Uganda, Global AIDS Program, Entebbe, Uganda. [Barasa, Alex; Were, Willi; Likicho, Celina; Waiswa, Bernard; Downing, Robert; Tappero, Jordan] Uganda Virus Res Inst, Entebbe, Uganda. [Mermin, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Homsy, J (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Global Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, 50 Beale St, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. EM jhomsy@psg.ucsf.edu RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012 NR 40 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 53 IS 1 BP 28 EP 35 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 538KG UT WOS:000273182400006 PM 19797972 ER PT J AU McQuillan, GM Kruszon-Moran, D Granade, T Feldman, JW AF McQuillan, Geraldine M. Kruszon-Moran, Deanna Granade, Timothy Feldman, Jane W. TI Seroprevalence of HIV in the US Household Population Aged 18-49 Years: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1999-2006 SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV antibody; National survey; seroprevalence ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; RISK BEHAVIORS; CRACK COCAINE; PREVALENCE; ANTIBODY; HOMELESS AB Objective: To monitor trends in HIV seroprevalence in the United States, HIV testing was included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from 1999 to 2006. Methods: From 1999 to 2006, 11,928 participants aged 18-49 years were tested for HIV antibody. Prevalence estimates were weighted to account for oversampling and nonresponse. Results: There were 67 HIV antibody-reactive individuals for a seroprevalence of 0.5% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.3-0.6]. In the only age subgroup directly comparable between surveys (18-39 years), HIV seroprevalence remained constant from NHANES III (1988-1994) to NHANES 1999-2002 and 2003-2006. In NHANES 1999-2006, non-Hispanic blacks had significantly higher HIV seroprevalence (2.0%, 95% CI 1.5-2.7) compared with individuals in all other race/ethnic groups combined. Seroprevalence was also higher in each race/ethnic group among men who have sex with men (9.4% 95% CI 5.0-17.1), among persons who had detectable antibody to herpes simplex type-two (1.9% 95% CI 1.4-2.8), among those who had 50 or more lifetime sex partners (3.4%, 95% CI 1.7-6.7), and among those who never married (0.8%, 95% CI 0.5-1.3). Conclusions: In this household-based population, seroprevalence did not significantly change from NHANES III to NHANES 1999-2006. Non-Hispanic blacks had significantly higher prevalence of infection compared with other race/ethnic groups. Male-to-male sex and the presence of HSV-2 antibody were the strongest predictors of HIV infection. C1 [McQuillan, Geraldine M.; Kruszon-Moran, Deanna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Granade, Timothy] Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Feldman, Jane W.] Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Northrop Grumman Support Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McQuillan, GM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 4204, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM gmm2@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 53 IS 1 BP 117 EP 123 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 538KG UT WOS:000273182400018 PM 19710616 ER PT J AU Harrison, KM Song, RG Zhang, XJ AF Harrison, Kathleen McDavid Song, Ruiguang Zhang, Xinjian TI Life Expectancy After HIV Diagnosis Based on National HIV Surveillance Data From 25 States, United States SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; life expectancy; surveillance data; United States ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; INFECTED INDIVIDUALS; GENERAL-POPULATION; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; MORTALITY; RISK; SURVIVAL; COHORT; DEATH; HIV/AIDS AB Introduction: We estimate life expectancy and average years of life lost (AYLL) after an HIV diagnosis using population-based surveillance data from 25 states that have had name-based HIV surveillance since 1996. Methods: We used US national HIV surveillance data (cases >= 13 years old) to model life expectancy after an HIV diagnosis using the life table approach. We then compared life expectancy at HIV diagnosis with that in the general population of the same age, sex, and race/ethnicity in the same calendar year using vital statistics data to estimate the AYLL due to an HIV diagnosis. Results: Average life expectancy after HIV diagnosis increased from 10.5 to 22.5 years from 1996 to 2005. Life expectancy (years) was better for females than for males but improved less for females (females: 12.6-23.6 and males: 9.9-210). In 2005, life expectancy for black males was shortest, followed by Hispanic males and then white males. AYLL for cases diagnosed in 2005 was 21.1 years (males: 19.1 and females: 22.7) compared with 32.9 years in 1996. Conclusions: Disparity in life expectancy for females and both black and Hispanic males, compared with males and white males, respectively, persists and should be addressed. C1 [Harrison, Kathleen McDavid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Hlth Equ, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Harrison, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Hlth Equ, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-07, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM KMcDavid@cdc.gov NR 42 TC 109 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 53 IS 1 BP 124 EP 130 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 538KG UT WOS:000273182400019 PM 19730109 ER PT J AU Huy, J AF Huy, Janice TI Involving Farmers in Preventing Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses: The Niosh Research-to-Practice Initiative SO JOURNAL OF AGROMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Occupational safety and health; partner; research-to-practice AB This plenary talk at the eighth annual Midwest Rural Agricultural Safety and Health Forum, November 2009, focused on the value of having those who can benefit from, or who will use research findings (that is, partners), being involved throughout the research process. At the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Research-to-Practice (r2p) initiative was established to ensure that NIOSH-funded research is used in the workplace to prevent disease, injury, and fatality. Central to these efforts is the commitment to involve partners and stakeholders throughout the research process, from conceptualization of the research idea through the conduct of the research to the evaluation of the effectiveness of the research. Through partnerships and scientific integrity, NIOSH strives to ensure that our research contributes to improving the lives of all workers. In this presentation, mechanisms for and examples of how to identify and include appropriate partners in research and dissemination efforts for the agriculture sector were explored. C1 NIOSH, Off Res & Technol Transfer, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Huy, J (reprint author), NIOSH, Off Res & Technol Transfer, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,C-9, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM jhuy@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1059-924X J9 J AGROMEDICINE JI J. Agromedicine PY 2010 VL 15 IS 2 BP 98 EP 100 DI 10.1080/10599241003627128 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V21QT UT WOS:000208222800008 PM 20407990 ER PT J AU Conway, GA AF Conway, George A. TI Bridging Gaps in Agricultural Safety and Health SO JOURNAL OF AGROMEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 NIOSH, CDC, Agr Forestry & Fishing Program, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Conway, GA (reprint author), NIOSH, CDC, Agr Forestry & Fishing Program, Anchorage, AK USA. EM gconway@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1059-924X J9 J AGROMEDICINE JI J. Agromedicine PY 2010 VL 15 IS 3 SI SI BP 180 EP 183 DI 10.1080/1059924X.2010.485857 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V21QU UT WOS:000208222900003 PM 20665303 ER PT J AU Jackson, LL Rosenberg, HR AF Jackson, Larry L. Rosenberg, Howard R. TI Preventing Heat-Related Illness Among Agricultural Workers SO JOURNAL OF AGROMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Acclimatization; dehydration; exertion; fatality; heat-related illness; heat stress; hyperthermia; prevention AB Hyperthermia from exertion and environmental conditions during agricultural work manifests itself by various symptoms and may lead to death. From 1992 through 2006, 68 workers employed in crop production and related services died from heat-related illness. The crop worker fatality rate averaged 4 heat-related deaths per one million workers per year-20 times higher than the 0.2 rate for US civilian workers overall. Many of the agricultural workers who died were foreign-born. Foreign-born workers tend to have limited English language skills and often are not acclimatized to exertion in hot weather when beginning seasonal jobs. Increased recognition of heat hazards to agricultural workers, in particular, has stimulated concern among employers, workers, and public policy makers. California and Washington have led the nation in adopting workplace safety standards designed to prevent heat-related illnesses. These state regulations include new specific requirements for employer provision of drinking water, shade for rest or other sufficient means to recover from heat, worker and supervisor training, and written heat safety plans. Agricultural employers face practical challenges in fulfilling the purpose and complying with these standards. By their very nature the standards impose generic requirements in a broad range of circumstances and may not be equally protective in all agricultural work settings. It is vital that employers and supervisors have a thorough knowledge of heat illness prevention to devise and implement safety measures that suit local conditions. Ongoing risk-based assessment of current heat conditions by employers is important to this safety effort. Workers need training to avoid heat illness and recognize the symptoms in themselves and coworkers. Innovative management practices are joining time-honored approaches to controlling heat stress and strain. Research targeted to answer questions about heat accumulation and dissipation during agricultural work and audience-sensitive education to promote understanding of basic physiology and recognition of hyperthermia symptoms can aid in heat illness prevention. This review was prepared for the Agricultural Safety and Health Council of America/National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health conference, "Be Safe, Be Profitable: Protecting Workers in Agriculture," Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas, January 27-28, 2010. C1 [Jackson, Larry L.] NIOSH, Injury Surveillance Team, Surveillance & Field Invest Branch, Div Safety Res,Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Rosenberg, Howard R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jackson, LL (reprint author), NIOSH, Injury Surveillance Team, Surveillance & Field Invest Branch, Div Safety Res,Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS H-1808, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM LLJackson@cdc.gov NR 69 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 7 U2 27 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1059-924X J9 J AGROMEDICINE JI J. Agromedicine PY 2010 VL 15 IS 3 SI SI BP 200 EP 215 DI 10.1080/1059924X.2010.487021 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V21QU UT WOS:000208222900006 PM 20665306 ER PT J AU Conway, GA AF Conway, George A. TI A Persistent High Human Cost of Protein: Commercial Fishing and Aquaculture SO JOURNAL OF AGROMEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Conway, George A.] NIOSH, CDC, Agr Forestry & Fishing Program, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Conway, George A.] NIOSH, CDC, Alaska Pacific Reg Off, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. RP Conway, GA (reprint author), NIOSH, CDC, Agr Forestry & Fishing Program, 4230 Univ Dr,Suite 310, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM gconway@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1059-924X J9 J AGROMEDICINE JI J. Agromedicine PY 2010 VL 15 IS 4 SI SI BP 335 EP 336 DI 10.1080/1059924X.2010.511972 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V21QV UT WOS:000208223000003 PM 20954027 ER PT J AU Lincoln, JM Lucas, DL AF Lincoln, Jennifer M. Lucas, Devin L. TI Occupational Fatalities in the United States Commercial Fishing Industry, 2000-2009 SO JOURNAL OF AGROMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Drowning; falls overboard; fatal injuries; fishing; vessel sinkings AB The occupational fatality rate among commercial fishermen decreased in the United States during 1992-2008; however, commercial fishing continues to be one of the most dangerous occupations in the United States, with an average annual fatality rate of 129 deaths per 100,000 fishermen in 2008. By contrast, the average annual occupational fatality rate among all US workers during the same period was four deaths per 100,000 workers. During the 1990s, numerous safety interventions were developed for Alaska fisheries that resulted in a significant decline in the state's commercial fishing fatality rate. In 2007, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) expanded surveillance of commercial fishing fatalities to the rest of the United States. The purpose of this report is to identify the hazards and risk factors for all causes of occupational mortality in the US commercial fishing industry, and to explore how those hazards and risk factors differ among fisheries and locations. During 2000-2009, 504 commercial fishing fatalities occurred in the United States. Most (261, 52%) occurred following a vessel disaster (defined as a sinking, capsizing, or other event in which the crew was forced to abandon ship) or a fall overboard (155, 31%). Fatalities occurred in Alaska (133, 26%), Northeast (124, 25%), Gulf of Mexico (116, 23%), West Coast (83, 16%), and the Mid-and South Atlantic (41, 8%) regions. Fatalities occurred most commonly while fishing for shellfish (226, 47%), groundfish (144, 30%) and pelagic fish (97, 20%). Average annual fatality rates were calculated for selected fisheries. The Northeast multispecies groundfish fleet had the highest average annual fatality rate (600 deaths per 100,000 full-time equivalent [FTE] fishermen) followed by the Atlantic scallop fleet (425 deaths per 100,000 FTE fishermen) and the West Coast Dungeness crab fleet (310 deaths per 100,000 FTE fishermen). To reduce fatalities among fishermen at greatest risk, additional prevention measures tailored to specific high-risk fisheries should be considered. C1 [Lincoln, Jennifer M.; Lucas, Devin L.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Alaska Pacific Reg Off, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. RP Lincoln, JM (reprint author), NIOSH, CDC, Alaska Pacific Reg Off, 4230 Univ Dr,Suite 310, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM jlincoln@cdc.gov OI Lucas, Devin/0000-0002-4401-5883 NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1059-924X J9 J AGROMEDICINE JI J. Agromedicine PY 2010 VL 15 IS 4 SI SI BP 343 EP 350 DI 10.1080/1059924X.2010.509700 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V21QV UT WOS:000208223000005 PM 20954029 ER PT J AU Ortega, FB Lee, DC Sui, XM Ruiz, JR Cheng, YJ Church, TJ Miller, CC Blair, SN AF Ortega, Francisco B. Lee, Duck-chul Sui, Xuemei Ruiz, Jonatan R. Cheng, Yiling J. Church, Timothy J. Miller, Charles C. Blair, Steven N. TI Cardiorespiratory fitness, adiposity, and incident asthma in adults SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; PHYSICAL-FITNESS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; MEN; OBESITY; WOMEN C1 [Ortega, Francisco B.; Ruiz, Jonatan R.] Univ Granada, Sch Med, Dept Med Physiol, E-18071 Granada, Spain. [Ortega, Francisco B.; Ruiz, Jonatan R.] Karolinska Inst, Novum, Dept Biosci & Nutr, Unit Prevent Nutr, Huddinge, Sweden. [Ortega, Francisco B.; Lee, Duck-chul; Sui, Xuemei; Blair, Steven N.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Exercise Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Blair, Steven N.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Cheng, Yiling J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Church, Timothy J.] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Miller, Charles C.] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Med, Dept Cardiothorac & Vasc Surg, Houston, TX USA. RP Ortega, FB (reprint author), Univ Granada, Sch Med, Dept Med Physiol, E-18071 Granada, Spain. EM ortegaf@ugr.es RI Ortega, Francisco/B-4002-2010; RUIZ, JONATAN/M-1338-2015 OI Ortega, Francisco/0000-0003-2001-1121; RUIZ, JONATAN/0000-0002-7548-7138 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL62508, R01 HL062508]; NIA NIH HHS [AG06945, R01 AG006945, R37 AG006945, R37 AG006945-19S3] NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 125 IS 1 BP 271 EP 273 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.10.040 PG 3 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 544MG UT WOS:000273660500037 PM 20109755 ER PT J AU Dauphin, LA Stephens, KW Eufinger, SC Bowen, MD AF Dauphin, L. A. Stephens, K. W. Eufinger, S. C. Bowen, M. D. TI Comparison of five commercial DNA extraction kits for the recovery of Yersinia pestis DNA from bacterial suspensions and spiked environmental samples SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bioterrorism; DNA extraction; plague; Yersinia pestis ID REAL-TIME PCR; CHAIN-REACTION ASSAY; PLASMIDS; PLAGUE; SOIL AB Aim: To evaluate commercial DNA extraction kits for their ability to isolate DNA from Yersinia pestis suspensions and spiked environmental samples. Methods and Results: Five commercially available DNA extraction kits were evaluated: the ChargeSwitch gDNA Mini Bacteria Kit, the IT 1-2-3 Sample DNA Purification Kit, the MasterPure Complete DNA and RNA Purification Kit, the QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit and the UltraClean Microbial DNA Isolation Kit. The extraction methods were performed upon six Y. pestis strains and spiked environmental specimens, including three swab types and one powder type. Taqman real-time PCR analysis revealed that the use of the MasterPure kit resulted in DNA with the most consistently positive results and the lowest limit of detection from Y. pestis suspensions and spiked environmental samples. Conclusion: Comparative evaluations of the five commercial DNA extraction methods indicated that the MasterPure kit was superior for the isolation of PCR-amplifiable DNA from Y. pestis suspensions and spiked environmental samples. Significance and Impact of the Study: The results of this study can assist diagnostic laboratories with selecting the best extraction method for processing environmental specimens for subsequent detection of Y. pestis by real-time PCR. C1 [Eufinger, S. C.] Emory Univ, Grad Div Biol & Biomed Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Dauphin, L. A.; Stephens, K. W.; Eufinger, S. C.; Bowen, M. D.] CDC, BRRAT Lab, DBPR, NCPDCID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bowen, M. D.] CDC, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dauphin, LA (reprint author), CDC, BRRAT Lab, DBPR, NCPDCID, Mail Stop G-42,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Ldauphin@CDC.GOV NR 30 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 108 IS 1 BP 163 EP 172 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04404.x PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 531IA UT WOS:000272656800018 PM 19558466 ER PT J AU Yoon, SS Dillon, CF Carroll, M Illoh, K Ostchega, Y AF Yoon, Sung Sug (Sarah) Dillon, Charles F. Carroll, Margaret Illoh, Kachi Ostchega, Yechiam TI Effects of Statins on Serum Inflammatory Markers: The U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004 SO JOURNAL OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND THROMBOSIS LA English DT Article DE Statins; Inflammation; White blood cell count (WBC); C-reactive protein (CRP); Ferritin ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; HEART-DISEASE; PRAVASTATIN; THERAPY; WOMEN; MEN AB Aim: To evaluate the effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) treatment on serum inflammatory markers using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2004). Methods and Results: A total of 9,128 individuals aged 40 and older participated in the NHANES. The inflammatory markers studied were white blood cell counts (WBC), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin. Other covariables were: age, gender, race/ethnicity, body mass index, prescription or nonprescription medication use within the previous 30 days (statins, anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics). Four analytic groups for drug use were defined: Statin users; AI/Antibiotic users (use of either anti-inflammatory or antibiotic drugs); Combination group (use of both Statins and anti-inflammatory or antibiotic drugs), and a Non-use group (taking none of the listed drugs). The mean CRP level was significantly lower in the Statin use group than the Non-use group (0.3 mg/dL, 95% CI: 0.3-0.3 and 0.4 mg/dL, 95% CI: 0.4-0.5). In multivariable regression modeling, the Statin use group had significantly lower predicted mean WBC (Beta Coeff: -0.2, p < 0.05) and CRP (Beta Coeff: -0.1, p < 0.01) values than the Non-use group. Conclusions: Treatment with statins was significantly associated with decreased WBC and CRP levels in this large population-based sample. C1 [Yoon, Sung Sug (Sarah); Dillon, Charles F.; Carroll, Margaret; Ostchega, Yechiam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Survey, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Illoh, Kachi] US FDA, Div Neurol Prod, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. RP Yoon, SS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Survey, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 4331, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM syoon1@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU JAPAN ATHEROSCLEROSIS SOC PI TOKYO PA NICHINAI-KAIKAN B1, 3-28-8 HONGO BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0033, JAPAN SN 1340-3478 EI 1880-3873 J9 J ATHEROSCLER THROMB JI J. Atheroscler. Thromb. PY 2010 VL 17 IS 11 BP 1176 EP 1182 PG 7 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 690OS UT WOS:000285014700008 PM 20805636 ER PT J AU Keckler, MS Hodara, VL Parodi, LM Giavedoni, LD AF Keckler, M. Shannon Hodara, Vida L. Parodi, Laura M. Giavedoni, Luis D. TI Maintenance or Emergence of Chronic Phase Secondary Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Responses after Loss of Acute Phase Immunodominant Responses Does Not Protect SIV-Infected Rhesus Macaques from Disease Progression SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SIMIAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; CLASS-I ALLELES; CELL RESPONSES; HIV-1 INFECTION; VIRAL ESCAPE; EPITOPE; REPLICATION; DIVERSITY; SIVMAC239 AB The simian immunodeficiency virus-(SIV-) infected rhesus macaque is the preferred animal model for vaccine development, but the correlates of protection in this model are not completely understood. In this paper, we document the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to SIV and its effects on viral evolution in an effort to identify events associated with disease progression regardless of MHC allele expression. We observed the evolution of epitopes targeted by CTLs in a group of macaques that included long-term nonprogressing (LTNP), slowly progressing (SP), normally progressing (NP), and rapidly progressing (RP) animals. Collectively, our data (1) identify novel CTL epitopes from an SP animal that are not restricted by known protective alleles, (2) illustrate that, in this small study, RP and NP animals accrue more mutations in CTL epitopes than in SP or LTNP macaques, and (3) demonstrate that the loss of CTL responses to immunodominant epitopes is associated with viral replication increases, which are not controlled by secondary CTL responses. These findings provide further evidence for the critical role of the primary cell-mediated immune responses in the control of retroviral infections. C1 [Keckler, M. Shannon; Hodara, Vida L.; Parodi, Laura M.; Giavedoni, Luis D.] SW Fdn Biomed Res, Dept Virol & Immunol, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA. [Keckler, M. Shannon] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Keckler, M. Shannon] Ctr Dis Control, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hodara, Vida L.; Giavedoni, Luis D.] SW Fdn Biomed Res, SW Natl Primate Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA. RP Giavedoni, LD (reprint author), SW Fdn Biomed Res, Dept Virol & Immunol, 7620 NW Loop 410, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA. EM lgiavedoni@sfbr.org RI Keckler, M Shannon/C-3864-2009 FU National Center for Research Resources [P51 RR013986, C06 RR12087]; National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R03 AI55443, R21 AI55369] FX This work was supported by the Public Health Service Grants P51 RR013986 (the National Center for Research Resources), R03 AI55443 (the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases), and R21 AI55369 (the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases). This investigation was conducted in a facility constructed with support from Research Facilities Improvement Program Grant no. C06 RR12087 from the National Center for Research Resources, the National Institutes of Health. The authors thank the personnel from Veterinary and Research Resources of the Southwest National Primate Research Center and Ms. April Hopstetter for editing this paper. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1110-7243 J9 J BIOMED BIOTECHNOL JI J. Biomed. Biotechnol. PY 2010 AR 279391 DI 10.1155/2010/279391 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 606VT UT WOS:000278457300001 ER PT J AU Leardkamolkarn, V Sirigulpanit, W Kinney, RM AF Leardkamolkarn, Vijittra Sirigulpanit, Wipawan Kinney, Richard M. TI Characterization of Recombinant Dengue-2 Virus Derived from a Single Nucleotide Substitution in the 5 ' Noncoding Region SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLIOVIRUS RNA; UNTRANSLATED REGION; ATTENUATION MARKERS; VACCINE VIRUS; PDK-53 VIRUS; STRAIN 16681; MUTATIONS; TRANSLATION; PROTEINS; GENOME AB Variants of wild-type dengue serotype 2 (DEN-2) virus containing nucleotide substitutions at positions 14, 15, or 57 in the 5' NCR were constructed by PCR-mediated site-directed mutagenesis. All three viruses containing a single point substitution demonstrated attenuation phenotype as evidenced by decreases replication and plaque size in cell culture assay. All three variants were less neurovirulent in newborn mice compared to the wild type. The mutants were immunogenic in adult mice immunogenicity and maintained stable replication characteristics following passage in mice. The variant viruses were competent for replication in Aedes aegypi mosquito vector, albeit at lower levels of infection and dissemination in the mosquito than the wild-type Den-2 16681 virus. Although all of the viruses, including the wild type, were found transmissible in mosquito life cycles, they were found subsequentially decreased in efficiency of infection, transmission, and dissemination rates along the mosquito generations and all of them remained genetically stable. C1 [Leardkamolkarn, Vijittra; Sirigulpanit, Wipawan] Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Anat, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Kinney, Richard M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arbovirus Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Leardkamolkarn, V (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Anat, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM scvlk@mahidol.ac.th FU Thailand Research Fund; Thailand-Tropical Diseases Research Programme [T2]; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC); National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand FX This study was supported by the Royal Golden Jubilee PhD Programme of Thailand Research Fund, Thailand-Tropical Diseases Research Programme (T2), the National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), and the National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand. The authors thank Mr. Nattanej Luplertlop for technical assistant. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 2 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1110-7243 J9 J BIOMED BIOTECHNOL JI J. Biomed. Biotechnol. PY 2010 AR 934694 DI 10.1155/2010/934694 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 577SM UT WOS:000276244300001 ER PT J AU Williamson, YM Moura, H Schieltz, D Rees, J Woolfitt, AR Pirkle, JL Sampson, JS Tondella, ML Ades, E Carlone, G Barr, JR AF Williamson, Yulanda M. Moura, Hercules Schieltz, David Rees, Jon Woolfitt, Adrian R. Pirkle, James L. Sampson, Jacquelyn S. Tondella, Maria L. Ades, Edwin Carlone, George Barr, John R. TI Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Multiple Pertussis Toxins and Toxoids SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; PREVENTING TETANUS; STATISTICAL-MODEL; LC-MS/MS; VACCINE; RECOMMENDATIONS; DIPHTHERIA; PROTEIN AB Bordetella pertussis (Bp) is the causative agent of pertussis, a vaccine preventable disease occurring primarily in children. In recent years, there has been increased reporting of pertussis. Current pertussis vaccines are acellular and consist of Bp proteins including the major virulence factor pertussis toxin (Ptx), a 5-subunit exotoxin. Variation in Ptx subunit amino acid (AA) sequence could possibly affect the immune response. A blind comparative mass spectrometric (MS) analysis of commercially available Ptx as well as the chemically modified toxoid (Ptxd) from licensed vaccines was performed to assess peptide sequence and AA coverage variability as well as relative amounts of Ptx subunits. Qualitatively, there are similarities among the various sources based on AA percent coverages and MS/MS fragmentation profiles. Additionally, based on a label-free mass spectrometry-based quantification method there is differential relative abundance of the subunits among the sources. C1 [Williamson, Yulanda M.; Moura, Hercules; Schieltz, David; Rees, Jon; Woolfitt, Adrian R.; Pirkle, James L.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biol Mass Spectrometry Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Sampson, Jacquelyn S.; Tondella, Maria L.; Ades, Edwin; Carlone, George] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biol Mass Spectrometry Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM jbarr@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1110-7243 J9 J BIOMED BIOTECHNOL JI J. Biomed. Biotechnol. PY 2010 AR 942365 DI 10.1155/2010/942365 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 607KI UT WOS:000278501600001 ER PT J AU Looker, AC Melton, LJ Harris, TB Borrud, LG Shepherd, JA AF Looker, Anne C. Melton, L. Joseph, III Harris, Tamara B. Borrud, Lori G. Shepherd, John A. TI Prevalence and Trends in Low Femur Bone Density Among Older US Adults: NHANES 2005-2006 Compared With NHANES III SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE FEMORAL NECK; OSTEOPOROSIS, TOTAL HIP; RACE/ETHNICITY, GENDER; SECULAR TRENDS ID RACE/ETHNIC DIFFERENCES; MINERAL DENSITY; PENCIL-BEAM; DXA-SYSTEMS; OSTEOPOROSIS; FRACTURES; WOMEN AB Hip fracture incidence appears to be declining in the United States, but changes in bone mineral density (BMD) of the population have not been evaluated. We used femur BMD data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2006 to estimate the prevalence of low femoral BMD in adults age 50 years and older and compared it with estimates from NHANES III (1988-1994). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry systems (pencil-beam geometry in NHANES 111, fan-beam geometry in NHANES 2005-2006) were used to measure femur BMD, and World Health Organization (WHO) definitions of low BMD were used to categorize skeletal status. In 2005-2006, 49% of older US women had osteopenia and 10% had osteoporosis at the femur neck, In men, 30% had femur neck osteopenia and 2% had femur neck osteoporosis. An estimated 5.3 million older men and women had osteoporosis at the femur neck, and 34.5 million more had osteopenia in 2005-2006. When compared with NHANES 111, the age-adjusted prevalence of femur neck osteoporosis in NHANES 2005-2006 was lower in men (by 3 percentage units) and women (by 7 percentage units) overall and among non-Hispanic whites. Changes in body mass index or osteoporosis medication use between surveys did not fully explain the decline in osteoporosis. Owing to the increase in the number of older adults in the US population, however, more older adults had low femur neck BMD (osteoporosis + osteopenia) in 2005-2006 than in 1988-1994. Thus, despite the decline in prevalence, the estimated number of affected older adults in 2005-2006 remained high. (C) 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. C1 [Looker, Anne C.; Borrud, Lori G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Melton, L. Joseph, III] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Div Epidemiol, Rochester, MN USA. [Harris, Tamara B.] NIA, Epidemiol Demog & Biometry Program, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Shepherd, John A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Looker, AC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Room 4310,3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM Alooker@cdc.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA AG004050-04] NR 30 TC 95 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 25 IS 1 BP 64 EP 71 DI 10.1359/jbmr.090706 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 555NC UT WOS:000274517600010 PM 19580459 ER PT J AU Ostchega, Y Nwankwo, T Sorlie, PD Wolz, M Zipf, G AF Ostchega, Yechiam Nwankwo, Tatiana Sorlie, Paul D. Wolz, Michael Zipf, George TI Assessing the Validity of the Omron HEM-907XL Oscillometric Blood Pressure Measurement Device in a National Survey Environment SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article ID US DEMOGRAPHIC-TRENDS; MIDARM CIRCUMFERENCE; SPHYGMOMANOMETER; HEALTH; CUFFS AB Blood pressure (BP) readings taken by Omron HEM-907XL were compared with the results obtained using sphygmomanometer (HgS) in 509 individuals using 2002 Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) criteria. With the exception of diastolic BP in youth ages 13 to 19 years (mean difference, -1.77 mm Hg; standard deviation, 8.65), the Omron device met the criteria. Agreement for hypertension (BP >= 140/90 mm Hg) was above chance (kappa=0.68) and, compared with HgS, Omron underestimated the prevalence of hypertension by 2.65%. The Omron and HgS measurements were highly correlated (r=0.94 for systolic BP and r=0.83 for diastolic BP). Both increased systolic and diastolic BP decreased device agreement (beta-coefficient=-0.10872, P <.0001; beta-coefficient=-0.25981, P <.0001, respectively). The Omron device meets AAMI criteria with the exception of diastolic BP in youth ages 13 to 19 years. However, Omron underestimated the prevalence of hypertension and device agreement decreases with increased systolic and diastolic BP. C1 [Ostchega, Yechiam; Nwankwo, Tatiana; Zipf, George] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Sorlie, Paul D.; Wolz, Michael] NHLBI, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. RP Ostchega, Y (reprint author), Toledo Rd Room 4319, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM yxo1@cdc.gov FU National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute; National Center for Health Statistics FX Acknowledgments and disclosures: The authors would like to express their gratitude to all involved and who made it possible to complete this validation study. They thank Carlene Grim, from Shared Care, Inc, and Dr Grace Willard, Doe Knight, Gunda Kube, Ruth Pressley, Jaimie Saltzer, and Belma Ybarra, from Westat, Inc. This validation study was supported by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and the National Center for Health Statistics. The findings and conclusions of this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 16 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1524-6175 J9 J CLIN HYPERTENS JI J. Clin. Hypertens. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 12 IS 1 BP 22 EP 28 DI 10.1111/j.1751-7176.2009.00199.x PG 7 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 538DJ UT WOS:000273164100005 PM 20047626 ER PT J AU Zheng, DP Widdowson, MA Glass, RI Vinje, J AF Zheng, Du-Ping Widdowson, Marc-Alain Glass, Roger I. Vinje, Jan TI Molecular Epidemiology of Genogroup II-Genotype 4 Noroviruses in the United States between 1994 and 2006 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; ROUND-STRUCTURED VIRUSES; VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS OUTBREAKS; BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS; EPOCHAL EVOLUTION; RNA-POLYMERASE; GENETIC DRIFT; P2 DOMAIN; IDENTIFICATION AB Human noroviruses (NoVs) of genogroup II, genotype 4 (GII. 4) are the most common strains detected in outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. To gain insight into the epidemiology and genetic variation of GII. 4 strains, we analyzed 773 NoV outbreaks reported to the CDC from 1994 to 2006. Of these NoV outbreaks, 629 (81.4%) were caused by GII viruses and 342 (44.2%) were caused by GII. 4 strains. The proportion of GII. 4 outbreaks increased from 5% in 1994 to 85% in 2006, but distinct annual differences were noted, including sharp increases in 1996, 2003, and 2006 each associated with newly emerging GII. 4 strains. Sequence analysis of the full-length VP1 gene of GII. 4 strains identified in this study and from GenBank segregated these viruses into at least 9 distinct subclusters which had 1.3 to 3.2% amino acid variation between strains in different subclusters. We propose that GII. 4 subclusters be defined ias having > 5% sequence variation between strains. Our data confirm other studies on the rapid emergence and displacement of highly virulent GII. 4 strains. C1 [Zheng, Du-Ping; Vinje, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Widdowson, Marc-Alain] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Glass, Roger I.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Vinje, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jvinje@cdc.gov OI Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933; Vinje, Jan/0000-0002-1530-3675 NR 49 TC 103 Z9 119 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 48 IS 1 BP 168 EP 177 DI 10.1128/JCM.01622-09 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 576NL UT WOS:000276151500024 PM 19864482 ER PT J AU Li, Y Meyer, H Zhao, H Damon, IK AF Li, Yu Meyer, Hermann Zhao, Hui Damon, Inger K. TI GC Content-Based Pan-Pox Universal PCR Assays for Poxvirus Detection SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; MOLLUSCUM-CONTAGIOSUM; ORTHOPOXVIRUS DNA; VIRUS; SMALLPOX; DIFFERENTIATION; INFECTION; MONKEYPOX; COTIA; MAFFT AB Chordopoxviruses of the subfamily Chordopoxvirinae, family Poxviridae, infect vertebrates and consist of at least eight genera with broad host ranges. For most chordopoxviruses, the number of viral genes and their relative order are highly conserved in the central region. The GC content of chordopoxvirus genomes, however, evolved into two distinct types: those with genome GC content of more than 60% and those with a content of less than 40% GC. Two standard PCR assays were developed to identify chordopoxviruses based on whether the target virus has a low or high GC content. In design of the assays, the genus Avipoxvirus, which encodes major rearrangements of gene clusters, was excluded. These pan-pox assays amplify DNA from more than 150 different isolates and strains, including from primary clinical materials, from all seven targeted genera of chordopoxviruses and four unclassified new poxvirus species. The pan-pox assays represent an important advance for the screening and diagnosis of human and animal poxvirus infections, and the technology used is accessible to many laboratories worldwide. C1 [Li, Yu; Zhao, Hui; Damon, Inger K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Meyer, Hermann] Bundeswehr Inst Microbiol, D-80937 Munich, Germany. RP Li, Y (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G43, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM yli1@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 48 IS 1 BP 268 EP 276 DI 10.1128/JCM.01697-09 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 576NL UT WOS:000276151500037 PM 19906902 ER PT J AU Luquez, C Dykes, JK Yu, PA Raphael, BH Maslanka, SE AF Luquez, Carolina Dykes, Janet K. Yu, Patricia A. Raphael, Brian H. Maslanka, Susan E. TI First Report Worldwide of an Infant Botulism Case Due to Clostridium botulinum Type E SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BUTYRICUM; TOXIN; ORGANISM; BARATII; STRAINS AB Clostridium botulinum type E has been associated with botulism in adults but never in infants. Infant botulism type E cases have been associated with neurotoxigenic strains of C. butyricum. We report the first infant botulism case due to C. botulinum type E worldwide. C1 [Luquez, Carolina; Dykes, Janet K.; Yu, Patricia A.; Raphael, Brian H.; Maslanka, Susan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Luquez, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-29, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM Cluquez@cdc.gov RI luquez, carolina/C-4352-2011; OI Raphael, Brian/0000-0003-2778-2623 NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 48 IS 1 BP 326 EP 328 DI 10.1128/JCM.01420-09 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 576NL UT WOS:000276151500052 PM 19906896 ER PT J AU Shepherd, CA AF Shepherd, Craig A. TI You, Too, Can Have a Great Career in the US Public Health Service SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Shepherd, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ehsb@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 72 IS 6 BP 59 EP 61 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 539XK UT WOS:000273292300014 PM 20104838 ER PT J AU Hines, CJ Yau, AY Zuniga, MM Wells, JR Hopf, NBN Camann, DE AF Hines, Cynthia J. Yau, Alice Y. Zuniga, Michelle M. Wells, J. Raymond Hopf, Nancy B. Nilsen Camann, David E. TI Development of a personal dual-phase air sampling method for phthalate diesters SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; INDOOR AIR; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; DI-2-ETHYLHEXYL PHTHALATE; DIBUTYL PHTHALATE; DUST SAMPLES; HOUSE-DUST; ESTERS; WORKERS AB Phthalates are used as plasticizers in many industrial and consumer products. Urinary biomonitoring has shown widespread human exposure to phthalates, with workers having especially high exposures. Phthalates can be present in workplace air as either aerosols or vapors depending on source materials, vapor pressure, and processing temperatures. We sought to develop a dual-phase air sampling method for 6 phthalates, dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BzBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP), adaptable to aerosol inlets with known particle collection characteristics. Collection media consisted of a quartz fiber filter and XAD-2 resin. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were determined for each phthalate. Phthalate recoveries were evaluated at 3x, 10x and 30x the LOQ, and after storage at -21 degrees C and 21 degrees C. Media were Soxhlet extracted in 10% diethyl ether in hexanes along with an extraction surrogate, di-n-pentyl phthalate-d(4). Gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry was performed to quantify the phthalate diesters using di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-d(4) as an internal standard. Estimated LODs were 1 mu g per sample (BzBP, DEHP, and DnOP), 2 mg per sample (DMP and DBP), and 5 mg per sample (DEP). Mean recoveries under static conditions were 85-104% for DBP, BzBP, DEHP, and DnOP; but <70% for DMP and DEP at 3x and 10x the LOQ. After air was pulled through spiked samples, DMP and DEP recoveries improved to 74-81%. After storage for 62 days, phthalate recovery was better at -21 degrees C than at 21 degrees C. Method accuracy was best for DBP, BzBP, DEHP, and DnOP (range 11-18%), and less so for DMP (28%) and DEP (29%). C1 [Hines, Cynthia J.; Hopf, Nancy B. Nilsen] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Yau, Alice Y.; Zuniga, Michelle M.; Camann, David E.] SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX USA. [Wells, J. Raymond] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Hines, CJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4776 Columbia Pkwy,R-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM chines@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [211-2003-M002319, 211-2004-M-10136, 254-2006-M-17207] FX We acknowledge Hamed Edrisi for media preparation and sample extractions, Mark Rood for GC/MS analysis, and Andrew Maynard for aerosol sampling advice. This work was supported by Orders 211-2003-M002319, 211-2004-M-10136, and 254-2006-M-17207 from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 15 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 EI 1464-0333 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PY 2010 VL 12 IS 2 BP 491 EP 499 DI 10.1039/b913700a PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 553ZM UT WOS:000274405300015 PM 20145892 ER PT J AU Li, Z Mulholland, JA Romanoff, LC Pittman, EN Trinidad, DA Lewin, MD Sjodin, A AF Li, Zheng Mulholland, James A. Romanoff, Lovisa C. Pittman, Erin N. Trinidad, Debra A. Lewin, Michael D. Sjodin, Andreas TI Assessment of non-occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons through personal air sampling and urinary biomonitoring SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID COKE-OVEN WORKERS; CANCER RISK-ASSESSMENT; ELECTRODE PASTE PLANT; AMBIENT AIR; 1-HYDROXYPYRENE LEVELS; GENERAL-POPULATION; ALUMINUM SMELTER; PAH EXPOSURE; DERMAL ROUTE; INDOOR AB Non-occupational inhalation and ingestion exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been studied in 8 non-smoking volunteers through personal air sampling and urinary biomonitoring. The study period was divided into 4 segments (2 days/segment), including weekdays with regular commute and weekends with limited traffic related exposures; each segment had a high or low PAH diet. Personal air samples were collected continuously from the subjects while at home, at work, and while commuting to and from work. All urine excretions were collected as individual samples during the study. In personal air samples, 28 PAHs were measured, and in urine samples 9 mono-hydroxylated metabolites (OH-PAHs) from 4 parent PAHs (naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene and pyrene) were measured. Naphthalene was found at higher concentrations in air samples collected at the subjects' residences, whereas PAHs with four or more aromatic rings were found at higher levels in samples taken while commuting. Urinary OH-PAH biomarker levels increased following reported high inhalation and/or dietary exposure. On days with a low PAH diet, the total amount of inhaled naphthalene during each 24-hour period was well correlated with the amount of excreted naphthols, as was, to a lesser extent, fluorene with its urinary metabolites. During days with a high dietary intake, only naphthalene was significantly correlated with its excreted metabolite. These findings suggest that this group of non-occupational subjects were exposed to naphthalene primarily through indoor air inhalation, and exposed to other PAHs such as pyrene mainly through ingestion. C1 [Li, Zheng; Romanoff, Lovisa C.; Pittman, Erin N.; Trinidad, Debra A.; Sjodin, Andreas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mulholland, James A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Lewin, Michael D.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Li, Z (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway F-53, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ZJLi@cdc.gov RI Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010 NR 66 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 4 U2 22 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PY 2010 VL 12 IS 5 BP 1110 EP 1118 DI 10.1039/c000689k PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 596MU UT WOS:000277690100011 PM 21491629 ER PT J AU Blount, BC McElprang, DO Chambers, DM Waterhouse, MG Squibb, KS LaKind, JS AF Blount, Benjamin C. McElprang, David O. Chambers, David M. Waterhouse, Michael G. Squibb, Katherine S. LaKind, Judy S. TI Methodology for collecting, storing, and analyzing human milk for volatile organic compounds SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; PER-TRILLION LEVEL; CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HUMAN-BLOOD; BREAST-MILK; EXPOSURE; CHEMICALS; NEUROTOXICITY; POPULATION; POLLUTANTS AB Biomonitoring, or the measurement of environmental chemicals in human tissues and fluids, is used to supplement-and in some cases replace-more traditional exposure assessments which measure chemicals in environmental media. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in physiological fluids are biomarkers of exposure that present numerous challenges for sample collection and analysis. To date, a thorough evaluation of methods for collection and analysis of breast milk samples for volatiles has not been conducted. In this paper, we describe the development and validation of methods for collecting, storing, and analyzing 36 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breast milk to assess VOC exposure of lactating women and nursing infants. Volatile analyte loss was minimized by collecting and storing samples in containers with small headspace volume resulting in recovery >= 70% for all 10 VOCs detected in most breast milk samples. Potential contamination by chloroform, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, and methyl-tert-butyl ether was minimized by using specially treated sample collection materials. Method detection limits in the low parts per trillion range were achieved by using solid-phase microextraction headspace sampling, gas chromatography, and selective ion monitoring mass spectrometry. We used this method to analyze 3 mL aliquots of breast milk collected from 12 women and found that 10 of the 36 VOCs were detectable in most samples (median values follow): m/p-xylene, 0.539 ng mL(-1); toluene, 0.464 ng mL(-1); 1,4-dichlorobenzene, 0.170 ng mL(-1); tetrachloroethylene, 0.165 ng mL(-1); o-xylene, 0.159 ng mL(-1); ethylbenzene, 0.0149 ng mL(-1); styrene, 0.129 ng mL(-1); benzene, 0.080 ng mL(-1); chloroform, 0.030 ng mL(-1); and methyl-tert-butyl ether, 0.016 ng mL(-1). C1 [Blount, Benjamin C.; McElprang, David O.; Chambers, David M.; Waterhouse, Michael G.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Squibb, Katherine S.; LaKind, Judy S.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [LaKind, Judy S.] LaKind Associates LLC, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA. RP Blount, BC (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM bkb3@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 9 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 EI 1464-0333 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PY 2010 VL 12 IS 6 BP 1265 EP 1273 DI 10.1039/b927022a PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 608MM UT WOS:000278588400006 PM 20358052 ER PT J AU Stefaniak, AB Harvey, CJ Virji, MA Day, GA AF Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. Harvey, Christopher J. Virji, M. Abbas Day, Gregory A. TI Dissolution of cemented carbide powders in artificial sweat: implications for cobalt sensitization and contact dermatitis SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID VITRO PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION; FREE-RADICAL GENERATION; HARD-METAL; URINARY COBALT; NICKEL; EXPOSURE; EXCRETION; CHROMIUM; PARTICLES; MECHANISM AB Skin exposure to cobalt-containing materials can cause systemic immune sensitization and upon repeat contact, elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Data on cobalt dissolution rates are needed to calculate uptake through skin and for development of models to understand risk of sensitization or dermatitis. The purpose of this research was to measure the dissolution kinetics of feedstock and process-sampled powders encountered in the production of hard metal alloys using artificial sweat. The physicochemical properties of each material were characterized prior to evaluation of dissolution behavior. Variations in artificial sweat solvent pH and chemistry were used to understand critical factors in dissolution. Dissolution of cobalt, tungsten, and tungsten carbide was often biphasic with the initial rapid phase being up to three orders of magnitude faster than the latter long-term phase. Artificial sweat pH did not influence dissolution of cobalt or tungsten carbide. Solvent composition had little influence on observed dissolution rates; however, vitamin E suppressed the dissolution of cobalt and tungsten carbide from sintered particles obtained from a chamfer grinder. There was no effect of particle size on dissolution of feedstock cobalt, tungsten, tungsten carbide, and admixture powders. Particle physicochemical properties influenced observed dissolution rates with more cobalt and tungsten carbide dissolving from chamfer grinder particles compared to the feedstock powders or admixture powder. Calculations using the observed dissolution rates revealed that skin exposure concentrations were similar to concentrations known to induce cobalt sensitization and elicit ACD. Observed dissolution rates for cobalt in artificial sweat indicate that dermal uptake may be sufficient to induce cobalt sensitization and allergic dermatitis. C1 [Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.; Harvey, Christopher J.; Virji, M. Abbas; Day, Gregory A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Stefaniak, AB (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop H-2800, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM AStefaniak@cdc.gov RI Stefaniak, Aleksandr/I-3616-2012 NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 6 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PY 2010 VL 12 IS 10 BP 1815 EP 1822 DI 10.1039/c0em00269k PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 659SB UT WOS:000282586100004 PM 20730217 ER PT J AU Caudill, SP AF Caudill, Samuel P. TI Characterizing populations of individuals using pooled samples SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE limit of detection; log normal; organochlorine pesticide; percentiles; polychlorinated biphenyl; pooled samples ID DATA SETS; NONDETECTABLE VALUES; EFFICIENCY; SERUM AB Biomonitoring involves the assessment of human or animal populations by measuring organic or biological compounds or their metabolites in the body fluids or tissues of individuals in those populations. Pooling samples before making analytical measurements can reduce the costs of biomonitoring by reducing the number of analyses. By proper choice of pooled-sample design, population means can be estimated without measuring individual samples. I present a statistical method for characterizing an entire population distribution of such compounds by exploiting the theoretic relationship between interindividual-sample variance and the variation between pooled samples. I use simulation experiments to determine an optimum pooled-sample design as a function of the number of subpopulations and the number of available samples. Using pooled samples to characterize populations is not only more cost-efficient, but also in some cases it can lead to more precise and less biased parameter estimation than that occurs with individual samples. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2010) 20, 29-37; doi:10.1038/jes.2008.72; published online 12 November 2008 C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Caudill, SP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS-F25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM spc1@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 6 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 20 IS 1 BP 29 EP 37 DI 10.1038/jes.2008.72 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 534AM UT WOS:000272867900005 PM 19002216 ER PT J AU Baur, C AF Baur, Cynthia TI New Directions in Research on Public Health and Health Literacy SO JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION LA English DT Article ID DISPARITIES AB Numerous calls for a public health approach to health literacy and visions of a health literate society have appeared in recent years. Yet, many gaps in what we know about and do to improve health literacy remain. Major developments at the national level in the last decade help define the role of health literacy in creating better public health and have set the stage for new investigations in public health and health literacy. Four frameworks are examined for their usefulness in posing new questions about public health and health literacy: Healthy People, the Ten Essential Public Health Functions, health promotion, and health disparities. Each of the frameworks generates questions and uses methods that can produce new findings about health literacy. Using the frameworks will open new investigations into population health and health literacy improvement at multiple levels. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Baur, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E69, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Cynthia.baur@cdc.hhs.gov NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1081-0730 EI 1087-0415 J9 J HEALTH COMMUN JI J. Health Commun. PY 2010 VL 15 SU 2 BP 42 EP 50 AR PII 926962090 DI 10.1080/10810730.2010.499989 PG 9 WC Communication; Information Science & Library Science SC Communication; Information Science & Library Science GA 650LS UT WOS:000281851600007 PM 20845192 ER PT J AU Jensen, JD Moriarty, CM Hurley, RJ Stryker, JE AF Jensen, Jakob D. Moriarty, Cortney M. Hurley, Ryan J. Stryker, Jo Ellen TI Making Sense of Cancer News Coverage Trends: A Comparison of Three Comprehensive Content Analyses SO JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION LA English DT Article ID INFORMATION; NEWSPAPERS; DISPARITIES; KNOWLEDGE AB Cancer stories (N = 5,327) in the top 50 U. S. newspapers were analyzed by a team of four coders and the results were compared with the earliest analyses of this type (from 1977 and 1980). Using cancer incidence rates as a comparison, three cancers were found to be consistently underreported (male reproductive, lymphatic/Hodgkin's, and thyroid) and four cancers were found to be consistently overreported (breast, blood/Leukemia, pancreatic, and bone/muscle). In addition, cancer news coverage consistently has focused on treatment rather than on other aspects of the cancer continuum (e.g., prevention), portrayed lifestyle choices (e.g., diet, smoking) as the most common cancer risk factor, and rarely reported incidence or mortality data. Finally, the data were compatible with the idea that personalization bias (e.g., celebrity profiles, event coverage) may explain some news coverage distortions. C1 [Jensen, Jakob D.] Purdue Univ, Dept Commun, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Moriarty, Cortney M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Speech Commun, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Hurley, Ryan J.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Commun, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Stryker, Jo Ellen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jensen, JD (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Commun, Beering Hall 2144,100 N Univ St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM jdjensen@purdue.edu RI Jensen, Jakob/K-7064-2012 OI Jensen, Jakob/0000-0002-6959-7090 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA98437-01A1] NR 26 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1081-0730 J9 J HEALTH COMMUN JI J. Health Commun. PY 2010 VL 15 IS 2 BP 136 EP 151 DI 10.1080/10810730903528025 PG 16 WC Communication; Information Science & Library Science SC Communication; Information Science & Library Science GA 571HN UT WOS:000275743000003 PM 20390983 ER PT J AU Rubel, SK Miller, JW Stephens, RL Xu, Y Scholl, LE Holden, EW Stroud, LA Volk, RJ AF Rubel, Stephanie K. Miller, Jacqueline W. Stephens, Robert L. Xu, Ye Scholl, Lawrence E. Holden, E. Wayne Stroud, Leonardo A. Volk, Robert J. TI Testing the Effects of a Decision Aid for Prostate Cancer Screening SO JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION LA English DT Article ID INFORMED DECISIONS; KNOWLEDGE AB There is an ever-growing trend toward more patient involvement in making health care decisions. This trend has been accompanied by the development of oinformed decision-makingo interventions to help patients become more engaged and comfortable with making these decisions. We describe the effects of a prostate cancer screening decision aid on knowledge, beliefs about screening, risk perception, control preferences, decisional conflict, and decisional anxiety. Data were collected from 200 males aged 50-70 years in the general population who randomly were assigned to exposure to the decision aid or no exposure as a control condition. A Solomon four-group design was used to test for possible pretest sensitization effects and to assess the effects of exposure to the decision aid. No significant pretest sensitization effects were found. Analysis of the exposure effects found that knowledge increased significantly for those exposed to the decision aid compared with those unexposed. Exposure to the decision aid also had some influence on decreasing both decisional conflict and decisional anxiety. Decision aids can play an important role in increasing patients' knowledge and decreasing anxiety when asked to make health care decisions. C1 [Miller, Jacqueline W.; Stroud, Leonardo A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Rubel, Stephanie K.; Stephens, Robert L.; Xu, Ye; Scholl, Lawrence E.] Macro Int Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Holden, E. Wayne] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Volk, Robert J.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Family & Community Med, Houston Ctr Educ & Res Therapeut, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Miller, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM aci8@cdc.gov OI Volk, Robert/0000-0001-8811-5854 FU PHS HHS [200-2002-00574] NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1081-0730 J9 J HEALTH COMMUN JI J. Health Commun. PY 2010 VL 15 IS 3 BP 307 EP 321 AR PII 921682551 DI 10.1080/10810731003686614 PG 15 WC Communication; Information Science & Library Science SC Communication; Information Science & Library Science GA 594XK UT WOS:000277574300005 PM 20432110 ER PT J AU Horvath, KJ Harwood, EM Courtenay-Quirk, C McFarlane, M Fisher, H Dickenson, T Kachur, R Rosser, BRS AF Horvath, Keith J. Harwood, Eileen M. Courtenay-Quirk, Cari McFarlane, Mary Fisher, Holly Dickenson, Tina Kachur, Rachel Rosser, B. R. Simon TI Online Resources for Persons Recently Diagnosed With HIV/AIDS: An Analysis of HIV-Related Webpages SO JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-INFORMATION; UNITED-STATES; INTERNET USE; WEB SITES; MEN; SEX AB The Internet is a major source of HIV-related information and resources for persons recently diagnosed with HIV/AIDS (PRDHA). This study examined the types of HIV-related websites that appear as a result of HIV-related keyword searches and the extent to which website information targets PRDHA. The first page of HIV-related webpages from 18 keyword searches was coded. Among 137 webpages meeting inclusion criteria, 63% represented HIV-informational websites, 31% targeted HIV-positive individuals, and over half contained or provided access to HIV prevention, treatment, and transmission information. Thirty-three percent of webpages contained or provided access to PRDHA-targeted information, with a greater percentage of those webpages having mobile, non-English, and oAsk the Experto features compared with non-PRDHA targeted webpages. Implications for PRDHA include the following: (1) they should explore HIV-related websites to gain insight into the credibility of the information contained on those sites; (2) PRDHA must be aware that HIV-related websites have the potential to elicit dated, emotionally distressing, or irrelevant information; and (3) to obtain information that relates to their demographic and situational profile, they may wish to use specific key terms (e.g., oHIV womeno) rather than attempting to navigate webpages that arise from general search terms (e.g., oHIVo). Recommendations for future development of online resources for PRDHA include providing HIV-relevant information in a stepwise fashion, providing demographically targeted HIV information, and greater utilization of mobile technology. C1 [Horvath, Keith J.; Harwood, Eileen M.; Dickenson, Tina; Rosser, B. R. Simon] Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. [Courtenay-Quirk, Cari; Fisher, Holly] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [McFarlane, Mary; Kachur, Rachel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Horvath, KJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, 1300 S 2nd St, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. EM horva018@umn.edu FU NCHHSTP CDC HHS [5UR6PS000341, UR6 PS000341] NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1081-0730 J9 J HEALTH COMMUN JI J. Health Commun. PY 2010 VL 15 IS 5 BP 516 EP 531 AR PII 924876868 DI 10.1080/10810730.2010.492562 PG 16 WC Communication; Information Science & Library Science SC Communication; Information Science & Library Science GA 633ZL UT WOS:000280546800005 PM 20677056 ER PT J AU Roggendorf, M Schulte, I Hitziger, T Giugliano, S Timm, J Gold, H Heinemann, F Khudyakov, Y Koenig, C Castermans, E Mok, JY van Esch, WJE Bertoletti, A Schumacher, TN AF Roggendorf, M. Schulte, I. Hitziger, T. Giugliano, S. Timm, J. Gold, H. Heinemann, F. Khudyakov, Y. Koenig, C. Castermans, E. Mok, J. Y. van Esch, W. J. E. Bertoletti, A. Schumacher, T. N. TI ACUTE HEPATITIS A IS ASSOCIATED WITH A MULTISPECIFIC CD8+T CELL RESPONSE IN HLA-A2 POSITIVE PATIENTS SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-the-Liver CY APR 14-18, 2010 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP European Assoc Study Liver C1 [Khudyakov, Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Roggendorf, M.; Schulte, I.; Hitziger, T.; Giugliano, S.; Timm, J.] Univ Duisburg Essen, Inst Virol, Essen, Germany. [Gold, H.] Gesundheitsschutz Referat Gesundheit & Umwelt, Munich, Germany. [Heinemann, F.] Univ Duisburg Essen, Inst Immunol, Essen, Germany. [Koenig, C.] Publ Hlth Author, Salzburg, Austria. [Mok, J. Y.; van Esch, W. J. E.] Sanquin, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Castermans, E.; Schumacher, T. N.] Netherlands Canc Inst, Div Immunol, NL-1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bertoletti, A.] Brenner Ctr Mol Med, Inst Clin Sci, Singapore, Singapore. EM michael.roggendorf@uni-due.de NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8278 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PY 2010 VL 52 SU 1 BP S39 EP S39 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 587UE UT WOS:000277018000086 ER PT J AU Kowalski-Trakofler, KM Vaught, C Brnich, MJ Jansky, JH AF Kowalski-Trakofler, Kathleen M. Vaught, Charles Brnich, Michael J., Jr. Jansky, Jacqueline H. TI A Study of First Moments in Underground Mine Emergency Response SO JOURNAL OF HOMELAND SECURITY AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE mining; emergency response; mine disaster; emergency management ID FIRE AB Researchers at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted seven focus groups and 10 individual interviews to gather data on what happens in the first crucial moments of a mine emergency. The goal of the project was to learn about responses on-site during the initial phases of a mine emergency to further improve response. The subjects represented underground coal and salt mines in the southern, western, mid-western, and eastern parts of the United States. They included on-site responders, mine rescue team members, and experts in mine emergency response with extensive experience in managing mine disasters. The types of disasters the subjects experienced were diverse, including explosions, fires, and inundations (sudden floods of water or inrushes of dangerous gases). This study was unique in its focus on the first moments in an emergency response, in studying underground coal mine emergencies and in utilizing a focus group methodology. Results indicated that there were common themes in initial response, which included the importance of mine emergency planning and training, quantity and quality of communication providing information for decision-making, leadership and trust, plus individual personal issues. Previous relevant studies are presented and the researchers discuss the data providing specific examples. The article concludes with recommendations to enhance initial response in the first critical moments of an emergency. C1 [Kowalski-Trakofler, Kathleen M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pittsburgh Res Lab, NIOSH, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kowalski-Trakofler, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pittsburgh Res Lab, NIOSH, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 8 PU BERKELEY ELECTRONIC PRESS PI BERKELEY PA 2809 TELEGRAPH AVENUE, STE 202, BERKELEY, CA 94705 USA SN 1547-7355 J9 J HOMEL SECUR EMERG JI J. Homel. Secur. Emerg. Manag. PY 2010 VL 7 IS 1 AR 39 PG 30 WC Public Administration SC Public Administration GA 604NB UT WOS:000278284600004 ER PT J AU Handali, S Pattabhi, S Lee, YM Silva-Ibanez, M Kovalenko, VA Levin, AE Gonzalez, AE Roberts, JM Garcia, HH Gilman, RH Hancock, K Tsang, VCW AF Handali, Sukwan Pattabhi, Sowmya Lee, Yeuk-Mui Silva-Ibanez, Maria Kovalenko, Victor A. Levin, Andrew E. Gonzalez, Armando E. Roberts, Jacquelin M. Garcia, Hector H. Gilman, Robert H. Hancock, Kathy Tsang, Victor C. W. TI DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF PORCINE CYSTICERCOSIS QUICKELISA (TM) IN TRITURUS (R) EIA ANALYZER SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOASSAY & IMMUNOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE assay development; cysticercosis; ELISA; pig; serological diagnosis; Taenia solium ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; TAENIA-SOLIUM; SYNTHETIC 8-KD; ANTIGENS; NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS; SERODIAGNOSIS; OXFENDAZOLE; CLONING; GP50 AB We evaluated three diagnostic antigens (recombinant GP50, recombinant T24H, and synthetic Ts18var1) for cysticercosis and found that all three performed well in detecting cysticercosis in humans and pigs in several assay formats. These antigens were adapted to a new antibody detection format (QuickELISA). With one single incubation step which involves all reactants except the enzyme substrate, the QuickELISA is particularly suited for automation. We formatted the QuickELISA for the Triturus EIA analyzer for testing large numbers of samples. We found that in QuickELISA formats rGP50 and rT24H have better sensitivity and specificity than sTs18var1 for detecting porcine cysticercosis. C1 [Handali, Sukwan; Pattabhi, Sowmya; Lee, Yeuk-Mui; Silva-Ibanez, Maria; Roberts, Jacquelin M.; Hancock, Kathy; Tsang, Victor C. W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Parasit Dis Branch,Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Handali, Sukwan] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kovalenko, Victor A.; Levin, Andrew E.] Immunet Inc, Boston, MA USA. [Gonzalez, Armando E.] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Sch Vet Med, Lima 14, Peru. [Garcia, Hector H.] Inst Ciencias Neurol, Cysticercosis Unit, Lima, Peru. [Garcia, Hector H.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Dept Microbiol, Lima, Peru. [Garcia, Hector H.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Dept Pathol, Lima, Peru. [Gilman, Robert H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Handali, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,Bld 23,Room 1001, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM ahi0@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1532-1819 J9 J IMMUNOASS IMMUNOCH JI J. Immunoass. Immunoch. PY 2010 VL 31 IS 1 BP 60 EP 70 DI 10.1080/15321810903405068 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology; Medical Laboratory Technology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Medical Laboratory Technology GA 545JZ UT WOS:000273729600006 PM 20391018 ER PT J AU Tang, XL He, J Partin, J Vafai, A AF Tang, Xiaoling He, Ju Partin, James Vafai, Abbas TI COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIRECT FLUORESCENCE, ZENON LABELING, AND QUANTUM DOT NANOCRYSTAL TECHNOLOGY IN IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE STAINING SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOASSAY & IMMUNOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE conjugation; immunofluorescence staining; quantum dot; varicella-zoster virus IgG; Zenon labeling ID VARICELLA-ZOSTER-VIRUS; PROTEINS; CELLS; ANTIBODIES AB A comparative analysis was performed to determine the sensitivity and efficiency of three fluorescent labeling techniques, including direct fluorescent-antibody staining (FA), Zenon labeling, and quantum dot (QD) nanocrystal technology. Two varicella-zoster virus immunoglobin (Ig) G forms, mAb 4F9 and mAb g62, were selected for these studies. The results indicated that: (1) All three methods demonstrated similar brightness and photostability; (2) the time required to conjugate the antibody varied, with Zenon labeling being the quickest; and (3) the stability of each conjugated complex was different, with FITC/rhodamine-conjugated antibody being the most stable. C1 [Tang, Xiaoling; He, Ju; Partin, James; Vafai, Abbas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biol Branch, Div Sci Resources, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Vafai, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biol Branch, Div Sci Resources, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, MS-D34,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM AVafai@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1532-1819 J9 J IMMUNOASS IMMUNOCH JI J. Immunoass. Immunoch. PY 2010 VL 31 IS 3 BP 250 EP 257 AR PII 924023214 DI 10.1080/10739149.2010.488620 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology; Medical Laboratory Technology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Medical Laboratory Technology GA 623DD UT WOS:000279717300006 PM 20623410 ER PT J AU Pilishvili, T Lexau, C Farley, MM Hadler, J Harrison, LH Bennett, NM Reingold, A Thomas, A Schaffner, W Craig, AS Smith, PJ Beall, BW Whitney, CG Moore, MR AF Pilishvili, Tamara Lexau, Catherine Farley, Monica M. Hadler, James Harrison, Lee H. Bennett, Nancy M. Reingold, Arthur Thomas, Ann Schaffner, William Craig, Allen S. Smith, Philip J. Beall, Bernard W. Whitney, Cynthia G. Moore, Matthew R. CA Active Bacterial Core Surveillance TI Sustained Reductions in Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in the Era of Conjugate Vaccine SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PNEUMONIAE SEROTYPE 19A; RESISTANT STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; ACUTE OTITIS-MEDIA; UNITED-STATES; CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION; CHILDREN; ADULTS; IMPACT; EMERGENCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Background. Changes in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence were evaluated after 7 years of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) use in US children. Methods. Laboratory-confirmed IPD cases were identified during 1998-2007 by 8 active population-based surveillance sites. We compared overall, age group-specific, syndrome-specific, and serotype group-specific IPD incidence in 2007 with that in 1998-1999 (before PCV7) and assessed potential serotype coverage of new conjugate vaccine formulations. Results. Overall and PCV7-type IPD incidence declined by 45% (from 24.4 to 13.5 cases per 100,000 population) and 94% (from 15.5 to 1.0 cases per 100,000 population), respectively (P < .01 for all age groups). The incidence of IPD caused by serotype 19A and other non-PCV7 types increased from 0.8 to 2.7 cases per 100,000 population and from 6.1 to 7.9 cases per 100,000 population, respectively (P < .01 for all age groups). The rates of meningitis and invasive pneumonia caused by non-PCV7 types increased for all age groups (P < .05), whereas the rates of primary bacteremia caused by these serotypes did not change. In 2006-2007, PCV7 types caused 2% of IPD cases, and the 6 additional serotypes included in an investigational 13-valent conjugate vaccine caused 63% of IPD cases among children ! 5 years-old. Conclusions. Dramatic reductions in IPD after PCV7 introduction in the United States remain evident 7 years later. IPD rates caused by serotype 19A and other non-PCV7 types have increased but remain low relative to decreases in PCV7-type IPD. C1 [Pilishvili, Tamara; Beall, Bernard W.; Whitney, Cynthia G.; Moore, Matthew R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Smith, Philip J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Hadler, James] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Bennett, Nancy M.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY USA. [Lexau, Catherine] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Reingold, Arthur] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Dept Human Serv, Publ Hlth Div, Portland, Dorset, England. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Craig, Allen S.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. RP Pilishvili, T (reprint author), CDC, Mailstop C-23,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tpilishvili@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Emerging Infections Programs, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 50 TC 652 Z9 675 U1 1 U2 33 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 201 IS 1 BP 32 EP 41 DI 10.1086/648593 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 536XU UT WOS:000273078000006 PM 19947881 ER PT J AU Shvedova, AA Kagan, VE AF Shvedova, A. A. Kagan, V. E. TI The role of nanotoxicology in realizing the 'helping without harm' paradigm of nanomedicine: lessons from studies of pulmonary effects of single-walled carbon nanotubes SO JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE biodegradation; lung; oxidative stress; single-walled carbon nanotubes ID OXIDATIVE STRESS; IN-VIVO; INTRATRACHEAL INSTILLATION; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; REACTIVE OXYGEN; C57BL/6 MICE; NANOPARTICLES; TOXICITY; FIBROSIS; PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE AB Nano-sized materials and nano-scaled processes are widely used in many industries. They are being actively introduced as diagnostic and therapeutic in biomedicine and they are found in numerous consumer products. The small size of nanoparticles, comparable with molecular machinery of cells, may affect normal physiological functions of cells and cause cytotoxicity. Their toxic potential cannot be extrapolated from studies of larger particles due to unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials. Therefore, the use of nanomaterials may pose unknown risks to human health and the environment. This review discusses several important issues relevant to pulmonary toxicity of nanoparticles, especially single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), their direct cytotoxic effects, their ability to cause an inflammatory response, and induce oxidative stress upon pharyngeal aspiration or inhalation. Further, recognition and engulfment of nanotubes by macrophages as they relate to phagocytosis and bio-distribution of nanotubes in tissues and circulation are discussed. The immunosuppressive effects of CNT and their significance in increased sensitivity of exposed individuals to microbial infections are summarized. Finally, data on biodegradation of SWCNT by oxidative enzymes of inflammatory cells are presented in lieu of their persistence and distribution in the body. C1 [Shvedova, A. A.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Pathol & Physiol Res Branch, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Shvedova, A. A.] WVU, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Morgantown, WV USA. [Kagan, V. E.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Free Rad & Antioxidant Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Shvedova, AA (reprint author), NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Pathol & Physiol Res Branch, CDC, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ats1@cdc.gov RI Mahapatra, Indrani/D-7506-2011 FU NIOSH [OH008282]; National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) [92700Y]; National Institutes of Health (NIH); 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission [214281] FX This study was supported by NIOSH (Grant No. OH008282), National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) (Grant No. 92700Y), National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission (EC-FP7-NANOMMUNE-Grant Agreement No. 214281). The authors are thankful to Dr A. Hubbs and Mrs K. Clough-Thomas for assisting in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, respectively. NR 60 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 2 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0954-6820 J9 J INTERN MED JI J. Intern. Med. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 267 IS 1 BP 106 EP 118 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2009.02188.x PG 13 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 531IS UT WOS:000272658900009 PM 20059647 ER PT J AU Post, LA Klevens, J Maxwell, CD Shelley, GA Ingram, E AF Post, Lori Ann Klevens, Joanne Maxwell, Christopher D. Shelley, Gene A. Ingram, Eben TI An Examination of Whether Coordinated Community Responses Affect Intimate Partner Violence SO JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE LA English DT Article DE evaluation; intervention; domestic violence; spouse abuse ID DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; WOMAN ABUSE; RECIDIVISM; INTERVENTION; HEALTH; MULTILEVEL; WOMEN AB This study tests the impact of coordinated community response (CCR) on reducing intimate partner violence (IPV) and on modifying knowledge and attitudes. The authors conduct hierarchical linear modeling of data from a stratified random-digit dial telephone survey (n = 12,039) in 10 test and 10 control sites, which include 23 counties from different regions in the United States, to establish the impact of a CCR on community members' attitudes toward IPV, knowledge and use of available IPV services, and prevalence of IPV. Findings indicate that CCRs do not affect knowledge, beliefs, or attitudes of IPV, knowledge and use of available IPV services, nor risk of exposure to IPV after controlling for age, gender, ethnicity, income, and education. Women in communities with 6-year CCRs (as opposed to 3-year CCRs) are less likely to report any aggression against them in the past year. These results are discussed within the context of evaluation challenges of CCRs (e. g., IPV activities in comparison communities, variability across interventions, time lag for expected impact, and appropriateness of outcome indicators) and in light of the evidence of the impact of other community-based collaborations. C1 [Post, Lori Ann] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Klevens, Joanne; Shelley, Gene A.; Ingram, Eben] Ctr Dis Control, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Maxwell, Christopher D.] Michigan State Univ, Coll Social Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Maxwell, Christopher D.] Michigan State Univ, Sch Criminal Justice, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Post, LA (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 15 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0886-2605 J9 J INTERPERS VIOLENCE JI J. Interpers. Violence PD JAN PY 2010 VL 25 IS 1 BP 75 EP 93 DI 10.1177/0886260508329125 PG 19 WC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology, Applied SC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology GA 524LW UT WOS:000272145800005 PM 19196879 ER PT J AU Saltzman, AJ Mehran, R Hooper, WC Moses, JW Weisz, G Collins, MB Lansky, AJ Kreps, EM Leon, MB Stone, GW Dangas, G AF Saltzman, Adam J. Mehran, Roxana Hooper, W. Craig Moses, Jeffrey W. Weisz, Giora Collins, Michael B. Lansky, Alexandra J. Kreps, Edward M. Leon, Martin B. Stone, Gregg W. Dangas, George TI The Relative Effects of Abciximab and Tirofiban on Platelet Inhibition and C-Reactive Protein during Coronary Intervention SO JOURNAL OF INVASIVE CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists; platelet inhibition; inflammation; percutaneous coronary intervention ID GLYCOPROTEIN IIB/IIIA RECEPTOR; ISCHEMIC EVENTS; UNSTABLE ANGINA; STATIN THERAPY; BLOCKADE; REVASCULARIZATION; INTEGRIN; DISEASE; TRIAL; ANGIOPLASTY AB Background. We sought to compare the efficacy of tirofiban and abciximab on platelet inhibition as well as their effects of platelet inhibition on C-reactive protein levels during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods. Using a randomized, double-blind study design, 95 consecutively eligible patients were randomized to receive either tirofiban or abciximab before undergoing native coronary artery revascularization with a stem. Clinical endpoints were death, nonfatal MI, target vessel revascularization (TVR) with coronary artery bypass grafting or PCI within 30 days of the study procedure. The medications were compared for differences in platelet aggregation as measured by a rapid function platelet assay, as well as measurements of the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) at frequent intervals following drug administration during PCI. Results. A total of 95 patients were randomized to abciximab (n = 44) or tirofiban (n= 51). There was no significant difference in platelet aggregation documented throughout the procedure (10-, 20-, 30-, 45-minute time points). In diabetic patients abciximab had significantly lower platelet inhibition as compared to tirofiban at 10 minutes (84.17 +/- 8.28% vs. 90.40 +/- 5.79%; p = 0.0097). Using a Spearman correlation coefficient model, hs-CRP demonstrated an inverse relationship with platelet inhibition over time (-0.7307, p=0.0002) in patients treated with abciximab. Conclusion. There is no major difference in platelet inhibition between tirofiban and abciximab during PCI. In this study, tirofiban showed a greater inhibition in diabetic subsets at the first time point within PCI. Platelet inhibition may be inversely related to the levels of CRP during PCI. C1 [Saltzman, Adam J.; Mehran, Roxana; Moses, Jeffrey W.; Weisz, Giora; Collins, Michael B.; Lansky, Alexandra J.; Kreps, Edward M.; Leon, Martin B.; Stone, Gregg W.; Dangas, George] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Intervent Vasc Therapy, New York, NY USA. [Hooper, W. Craig] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dangas, G (reprint author), 161 Ft Washington Ave, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM gd2140@columbia.edu FU Merck FX This study was funded by a research grant from Merck to the Cardiovascular Research Foundation. Dr. Dangas is on the Advisory Board of Accumetrics and is a consultant to Eli Lilly. The other authors report no conflicts related to the content herein. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU H M P COMMUNICATIONS PI MALVERN PA 83 GENERAL WARREN BLVD, STE 100, MALVERN, PA 19355 USA SN 1042-3931 J9 J INVASIVE CARDIOL JI J. Invasive Cardiol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 22 IS 1 BP 2 EP 6 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 687VX UT WOS:000284807400002 PM 20048389 ER PT J AU Fraze, J Griffith, J Green, D McElroy, L AF Fraze, Jami Griffith, Judith Green, Donata McElroy, Laura TI So Many Materials, So Little Time: A Checklist to Select Printed Patient Education Materials for Clinical Practice SO JOURNAL OF MIDWIFERY & WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID INFORMATION; LITERACY; DESIGN C1 [Fraze, Jami; Griffith, Judith; Green, Donata; McElroy, Laura] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Prevent Commun Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fraze, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE MS E-49, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jfraze@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1526-9523 J9 J MIDWIFERY WOM HEAL JI J. Midwifery Women Health PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 55 IS 1 BP 70 EP 73 DI 10.1016/j.jmwh.2009.07.002 PG 4 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 563DY UT WOS:000275109200012 PM 20129233 ER PT J AU Hersey, J Lynch, C Williams-Piehota, P Rooks, A Hamre, R Chappelle, EE Roussel, A O'Toole, T Grasso, T Hannan, C AF Hersey, James Lynch, Christina Williams-Piehota, Pamela Rooks, Adrienne Hamre, Robin Chappelle, Eileen E. Roussel, Amy O'Toole, Terry Grasso, Tamara Hannan, Casey TI The Association between Funding for Statewide Programs and Enactment of Obesity Legislation SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE obesity; nutrition; legislation; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ID NUTRITION-EDUCATION; CHILDHOOD OBESITY AB Objective: As part of a national effort to prevent and control obesity, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Nutrition and Physical Activity Program to Prevent Obesity and Other Chronic Diseases (NPAO) provides funding to states to improve access to healthful food and increase opportunities for physical activity. The CDC also provides funding to states to build Coordinated School Health (CSH) programs across agencies and within schools to help reduce chronic disease risk factors. This paper investigates the possible role of these programs in state policy change. Methods: Descriptive study of state legislation targeting obesity prevention passed in 2005. Units of analysis were 135 pieces of obesity-related state legislation identified within 4 legislative databases. Legislation was coded into programmatic setting and obesity-prevention strategy categories. Results: On average, states receiving NPAO or CSH program funding passed twice as many bills as states not yet funded. Conclusions and Implications: The statewide obesity prevention and school health programs may have contributed to states enacting more obesity-related legislation. Further research into the process by which state programs influence the enactment and effective implementation Of Policies Could help build the evidence base for policy changes that help prevent obesity. C1 [Hersey, James; Lynch, Christina; Williams-Piehota, Pamela; Rooks, Adrienne; Chappelle, Eileen E.; Roussel, Amy] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Hamre, Robin; O'Toole, Terry; Grasso, Tamara; Hannan, Casey] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hersey, J (reprint author), RTI Int, 701 13th St,NW,Suite 750, Washington, DC 20005 USA. EM hersey@rti.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2001-00123] FX Preparation of the manuscript was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract number 200-2001-00123 to RTI International. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1499-4046 J9 J NUTR EDUC BEHAV JI J. Nutr. Educ. Behav. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 42 IS 1 BP 51 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.jneb.2009.05.005 PG 6 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Education & Educational Research; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 547CV UT WOS:000273864100009 PM 20129188 ER PT J AU Coca, A Roberge, RJ Williams, WJ Landsittel, DP Powell, JB Palmiero, A AF Coca, Aitor Roberge, Raymond J. Williams, W. Jon Landsittel, Douglas P. Powell, Jeffrey B. Palmiero, Andrew TI Physiological Monitoring in Firefighter Ensembles: Wearable Plethysmographic Sensor Vest versus Standard Equipment SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE firefighter ensembles; physiological monitoring; wearable plethysmographic sensor vest ID RESPIRATORY INDUCTIVE PLETHYSMOGRAPHY; EXERCISE; VENTILATION; PERFORMANCE; SYSTEM; WORK AB We evaluated the accuracy of a wearable sensor vest for real-time monitoring of physiological responses to treadmill exercise. Ten subjects in standard firefighter ensembles, treadmill exercising at 50% VO(2) max, had heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), skin temperature (T(sk)), oxygen saturation (SaO(2)), tidal volume (V(T)), and minute ventilation ((V) over dot(E)) recorded concurrently by a wearable plethysmographic sensor vest and standard laboratory physiological monitoring equipment for comparison. A high degree of correlation was noted for most of the measured variables [HR (r = 0.99), RR (r = 0.98), T(sk) (r = 0.98), (V) over dot(E) (r = 0.88), and SaO(2) (r = 0.79)]. V(T) (r = 0.60) had a moderate correlation, although a paired differences analysis showed a mean paired difference of -0.03 L. This mean paired difference represents a 1.92% variation for V(T). Data from the wearable sensor vest is comparable to data captured from standard laboratory physiological monitoring equipment on subjects wearing standard firefighter ensembles while exercising at a moderate work rate. This study demonstrates the accuracy of the wearable sensor technology for these physiological parameters under these conditions and suggests that it could be useful for actual field studies of firefighters in traditional firefighting gear. C1 [Coca, Aitor; Roberge, Raymond J.; Williams, W. Jon; Landsittel, Douglas P.] NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Landsittel, Douglas P.] Duquesne Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. [Powell, Jeffrey B.; Palmiero, Andrew] EG&G, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Coca, A (reprint author), NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM esq6@cdc.gov FU National Research Council Resident Research Associateship at the National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory (NPPTL) FX This research was performed while one of the authors (AC) held a National Research Council Resident Research Associateship at the National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory (NPPTL). The authors wish to thank Ronald Shaffer, Ed Sinkule, Bob Stein, and Ed Fries for their insightful reviews and excellent suggestions. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2010 VL 7 IS 2 BP 109 EP 114 DI 10.1080/15459620903455722 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 544DD UT WOS:000273631800001 PM 20017053 ER PT J AU Methner, M Hodson, L Geraci, C AF Methner, M. Hodson, L. Geraci, C. TI Nanoparticle Emission Assessment Technique (NEAT) for the Identification and Measurement of Potential Inhalation Exposure to Engineered Nanomaterials - Part A SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE concentration; emissions; nanoparticle; nanotechnology; occupational exposure; particle number; sampling ID ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; CARBON; TRANSLOCATION; OPERATIONS AB There are currently no exposure limits specific to engineered nanomaterial nor any national or international consensus standards on measurement techniques for nanomaterials in the workplace. However, facilities engaged in the production and use of engineered nanomaterials have expressed an interest in learning whether the potential for worker exposure exists. To assist with answering this question, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health established a nanotechnology field research team whose primary goal was to visit facilities and evaluate the potential for release of nanomaterials and worker exposure. The team identified numerous techniques to measure airborne nanomaterials with respect to particle size, mass, surface area, number concentration, and composition. However, some of these techniques lack specificity and field portability and are difficult to use and expensive when applied to routine exposure assessment. This article describes the nanoparticle emission assessment technique ( NEAT) that uses a combination of measurement techniques and instruments to assess potential inhalation exposures in facilities that handle or produce engineered nanomaterials. The NEAT utilizes portable direct-reading instrumentation supplemented by a pair of filter-based air samples (source-specific and personal breathing zone). The use of the filter-based samples are crucial for identification purposes because particle counters are generally insensitive to particle source or composition and make it difficult to differentiate between incidental and process-related nanomaterials using number concentration alone. Results from using the NEAT at 12 facilities are presented in the companion article ( Part B) in this issue. C1 [Methner, M.; Hodson, L.; Geraci, C.] NIOSH, Nanotechnol Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Methner, M (reprint author), NIOSH, Nanotechnol Res Ctr, 4676 Columbia Pkwy R-11, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM MMethner@cdc.gov RI Hodson, Laura/F-4585-2011 FU NIOSH nanotechnology cross-sector program FX T he authors wish to gratefully acknowledge the support of Paul A. Schulte, manager of the NIOSH nanotechnology cross-sector program, and John Howard, director of NIOSH. Special thanks go to M. Eileen Birch, Keith Crouch, Brian Curwin, Kevin H. Dunn, Douglas Evans, Mark Hoover, BobKi Ku, Aleksandr Stefaniak, and Paul A. Baron for their consultative expertise. NR 15 TC 89 Z9 91 U1 2 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2010 VL 7 IS 3 BP 127 EP 132 DI 10.1080/15459620903476355 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 544DE UT WOS:000273631900001 PM 20017054 ER PT J AU Methner, M Hodson, L Dames, A Geraci, C AF Methner, M. Hodson, L. Dames, A. Geraci, C. TI Nanoparticle Emission Assessment Technique (NEAT) for the Identification and Measurement of Potential Inhalation Exposure to Engineered Nanomaterials-Part B: Results from 12 Field Studies SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE emissions; exposure assessment; nanoparticle; nanotechnology; particle number concentration ID ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; OPERATIONS; DEPOSITION; WORKPLACE; HEALTH AB The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted field studies at 12 sites using the Nanoparticle Emission Assessment Technique (NEAT) to characterize emissions during processes where engineered nanomaterials were produced or used. A description of the NEAT appears in Part A of this issue. Field studies were conducted in research and development laboratories, pilot plants, and manufacturing facilities handling carbon nanotubes (single-walled and multi-walled), carbon nanofibers, fullerenes, carbon nanopearls, metal oxides, electrospun nylon, and quantum dots. The results demonstrated that the NEAT was useful in evaluating emissions and that readily available engineering controls can be applied to minimize nanomaterial emissions. C1 [Methner, M.; Hodson, L.; Dames, A.; Geraci, C.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Methner, M (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R-11, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM MMethner@cdc.gov RI Hodson, Laura/F-4585-2011 FU NIEHS through Interagency Agreement [1-ES-9026-01] FX T he authors wish to gratefully acknowledge the support and encouragement of Paul A. Schulte, manager of the NIOSH Nanotechnology Cross-Sector Program, and John Howard, director of NIOSH. Special appreciation is extended to M. Eileen Birch, Keith Crouch, Brian Curwin, Kevin H. Dunn, Douglas Evans, Mark Hoover, Bon-Ki Ku, Aleksandr Stefaniak, and Paul A. Baron for their consultative expertise. Partial support for this research was provided by NIEHS through Interagency Agreement No. 1-ES-9026-01. NR 17 TC 113 Z9 117 U1 1 U2 22 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2010 VL 7 IS 3 BP 163 EP 176 DI 10.1080/15459620903508066 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 544DE UT WOS:000273631900006 PM 20063229 ER PT J AU Kim, SW Raynor, PC AF Kim, Seung Won Raynor, Peter C. TI Experimental Evaluation of Oil Mists Using a Semivolatile Aerosol Dichotomous Sampler SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE metalworking fluids; phase distribution; semivolatile organic compound ID VIRTUAL IMPACTOR; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; TOBACCO-SMOKE; EXPOSURE; EVAPORATION; EFFICIENCY; VAPOR; SIZE; PARTICULATE; PERFORMANCE AB The sampling performance of the semivolatile aerosol dichotomous sampler (SADS) was tested and compared with existing vapor and particle sampling methods: filtration, electrostatic precipitation, and vapor adsorption. Seven different test fluids were used to generate test droplets, and their concentrations and composition in each phase were evaluated using gas chromatography. The amount of wall loss inside the SADS was also evaluated. Combined vapor and particle concentrations for each test aerosol were not statistically different from one another as a function of test method. However, the particle concentrations estimated using the SADS were statistically higher than those from the other methods. In experiments with hexadecane, the particle concentrations estimated using the SADS, an electrostatic precipitator, and a glass fiber filter were 2.50 mg/m3, 0.05 mg/m3, and 0.01 mg/m3, respectively. For commercial metalworking fluid (MWF) droplets, compounds having low molecular weight were more prevalent in the vapor phase than those compounds with high molecular weight. The compositions of the particle phase were similar to those of the original fluids. The wall losses of hexadecane and bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate (BEHS) were 0.25% and 26.5% of combined vapor and particle concentrations in the SADS sampling, respectively. Because it can avoid evaporative losses, SADS will sample semivolatile aerosols more accurately than common filtration methods and may often yield higher particle concentrations than can be measured using the other methods. C1 [Kim, Seung Won; Raynor, Peter C.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Kim, SW (reprint author), CDC, NIOSH, HELD, EAB, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 3030, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM idt2@cdc.gov RI Kim, Seung Won/G-1843-2010 OI Kim, Seung Won/0000-0003-2960-5866 NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2010 VL 7 IS 4 BP 203 EP 215 AR PII 919021921 DI 10.1080/15459620903582244 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 551OT UT WOS:000274219600003 PM 20131139 ER PT J AU Carlo, RV Sheehy, J Feng, HA Sieber, WK AF Carlo, Rebecca V. Sheehy, John Feng, H. Amy Sieber, William K. TI Laboratory Evaluation to Reduce Respirable Crystalline Silica Dust When Cutting Concrete Roofing Tiles Using a Masonry Saw SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE construction; engineering controls; masonry saw table; occupational health ID CONSTRUCTION-INDUSTRY; EXPOSURE AB Respirable crystalline silica dust exposure in residential roofers is a recognized hazard resulting from cutting concrete roofing tiles. Roofers cutting tiles using masonry saws can be exposed to high concentrations of respirable dust. Silica exposures remain a serious threat for nearly two million U. S. construction workers. Although it is well established that respiratory diseases associated with exposure to silica dust are preventable, they continue to occur and cause disability or death. The effectiveness of both a commercially available local exhaust ventilation (LEV) system and a water suppression system in reducing silica dust was evaluated separately. The LEV system exhausted 0.24, 0.13, or 0.12 m(3)/sec of dust laden air, while the water suppression system supplied 0.13, 0.06, 0.03, or 0.02 L/sec of water to the saw blade. Using a randomized block design, implemented under laboratory conditions, the aforementioned conditions were evaluated independently on two types of concrete roofing tiles (s-shape and flat) using the same saw and blade. Each engineering control (LEV or water suppression) was replicated eight times, or four times for each type of tile. Analysis of variance was performed by comparing the mean airborne respirable dust concentrations generated during each run and engineering control treatment. The use of water controls and ventilation controls compared with the "no control" treatment resulted in a statistically significant (p < 0.05) reduction of mean respirable dust concentrations generated per tile cut. The percent reduction for respirable dust concentrations was 99% for the water control and 91% for the LEV. Results suggest that water is an effective method for reducing crystalline silica exposures. However, water damage potential, surface discolorations, cleanup, slip hazards, and other requirements may make the use of water problematic in many situations. Concerns with implementing an LEV system to control silica dust exposures include sufficient capture velocity, additional weight of the saw with the LEV system, electricity connections, and cost of air handling unit. C1 [Carlo, Rebecca V.] ICU Environm Hlth & Safety, Houston, TX USA. [Sheehy, John; Feng, H. Amy] NIOSH DART, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Sieber, William K.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Sheehy, J (reprint author), NIOSH DART, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM jws1@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2010 VL 7 IS 4 BP 245 EP 251 DI 10.1080/15459620903579695 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 560ND UT WOS:000274908500005 PM 20169490 ER PT J AU Cheng, YS Zhou, Y Naar, J Irvin, CM Su, WC Fleming, LE Kirkpatrick, B Pierce, RH Backer, LC Baden, DG AF Cheng, Yung Sung Zhou, Yue Naar, Jerome Irvin, C. Mitch Su, Wei-Chung Fleming, Lora E. Kirkpatrick, Barbara Pierce, Richard H. Backer, Lorraine C. Baden, Daniel G. TI Personal Exposure to Aerosolized Red Tide Toxins (Brevetoxins) SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE aerosol; personal aerosol sampler; personal exposure ID MARINE AEROSOL; EVENTS; SAMPLERS; ASTHMA AB Florida red tides occur annually in the Gulf of Mexico from blooms of the marine dinoflagellate, Karenia brevis, which produces highly potent natural polyether toxins, brevetoxins. Several epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that human exposure to red tide aerosol could result in increased respiratory symptoms. Environmental monitoring of aerosolized brevetoxins was performed using a high-volume sampler taken hourly at fixed locations on Siesta Beach, Florida. Personal exposure was monitored using personal air samplers and taking nasal swab samples from the subjects who were instructed to spend 1 hr on Sarasota Beach during two sampling periods of an active Florida red tide event in March 2005, and in May 2008 when there was no red tide. Results showed that the aerosolized brevetoxins from the personal sampler were in modest agreement with the environmental concentration taken from a high-volume sampler. Analysis of nasal swab samples for brevetoxins demonstrated 68% positive samples in the March 2005 sampling period when air concentrations of brevetoxins were between 50 to 120 ng/m3 measured with the high-volume sampler. No swab samples showed detectable levels of brevetoxins in the May 2008 study, when all personal samples were below the limit of detection. However, there were no statistical correlations between the amounts of brevetoxins detected in the swab samples with either the environmental or personal concentration. Results showed that the personal sample might provide an estimate of individual exposure level. Nasal swab samples showed that brevetoxins indeed were inhaled and deposited in the nasal passage during the March 2005 red tide event. C1 [Cheng, Yung Sung; Zhou, Yue; Irvin, C. Mitch; Su, Wei-Chung] Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. [Naar, Jerome; Baden, Daniel G.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Marine Sci, Wilmington, NC 28401 USA. [Fleming, Lora E.] Univ Miami, NSF NIEHS Oceans, Miami, FL USA. [Fleming, Lora E.] Univ Miami, Human Hlth Sci Ctr, Miami, FL USA. [Kirkpatrick, Barbara; Pierce, Richard H.] Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. [Backer, Lorraine C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cheng, YS (reprint author), Lovelace Resp Res Inst, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr,SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. EM ycheng@lrri.org FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [P01-ES10594]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [R01 OH03900]; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Florida Department of Health FX T he authors would like to thank A. Weidner (University of North Carolina at Wilmington) for the ELISA analysis; D. Dalpra and K Nierenberg (Mote Marine Lab) for recruiting and working with the study participants; and M. Henry (Mote Marine Lab) for help in environmental monitoring. This research was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) program project P01-ES10594, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health grant R01 OH03900, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Florida Department of Health. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2010 VL 7 IS 6 BP 326 EP 331 AR PII 921030290 DI 10.1080/15459621003724041 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 594NO UT WOS:000277544600003 PM 20379895 ER PT J AU Kim, T Wagner, J AF Kim, Thomas Wagner, Jeff TI PM2.5 and CO Concentrations Inside an Indoor Go-Kart Facility SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE carbon monoxide; indoor air quality; indoor sports arenas; personal monitoring; PM2; 5 ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; EXPOSURE; HEALTH; MATTER AB Three acute cardiovascular events within a 4-month period among drivers at an indoor go-kart arena prompted a visit to assess the magnitude of potentially hazardous air pollutant levels within the facility and help identify control measures. Carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters 2.5 m (PM2.5) were measured with personal, continuous-reading instruments to capture their spatial and temporal variability. Average driver and track CO levels during the sampling visit were comparable to state standards for worker exposures and exceeded some health-based guidelines. Average PM2.5 levels were low compared with regulatory standards, but transient PM2.5 peaks of unknown health impact were observed. Driver exposures were modestly but significantly higher than track concentrations measured by stationary monitors and substantially higher than outdoor concentrations. Driver exposures were partitioned into three components, attributed to (1) outdoor pollutants that were drawn unfiltered into the facility, (2) the persistent track cloud from previous races, and (3) proximity to the exhausts of other go-karts while driving in a race. Track cloud and tailpipe proximity components were the dominant contributors to driver CO exposure. The track cloud component lagged the number of go-karts on the track by 10-15 min. The dominant contributor to driver PM2.5 exposure was either the track cloud or outdoor component, depending on how many go-karts were racing simultaneously on the track. Transient spikes in PM2.5 were caused by proximity to other karts' tailpipes during passing events. Recommended methods for decreasing the track cloud component include modifying the ventilation system, race schedules, and number of go-karts racing simultaneously. The tailpipe proximity component can be reduced only by modifying go-kart exhausts or engines. This work represents a brief, limited sampling visit to a single facility, but it demonstrates the levels that are possible on a fairly high-usage afternoon. Future studies should be conducted to assess representative go-kart facility exposures at multiple facilities on multiple days. C1 [Wagner, Jeff] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Lab Branch, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Kim, Thomas] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Invest Branch, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Kim, Thomas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wagner, J (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Lab Branch, 850 Marina Bay Pkwy,Mailstop G365 EHLB, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. EM Jeff.Wagner@cdph.ca.gov NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2010 VL 7 IS 7 BP 397 EP 406 AR PII 921410012 DI 10.1080/15459621003791628 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 594NS UT WOS:000277545000005 PM 20408018 ER PT J AU Wurzelbacher, S Burt, S Crombie, K Ramsey, J Luo, L Allee, S Jin, Y AF Wurzelbacher, Steve Burt, Susan Crombie, Ken Ramsey, Jessica Luo, Lian Allee, Steve Jin, Yan TI A Comparison of Assessment Methods of Hand Activity and Force for Use in Calculating the ACGIH (R) Hand Activity Level (HAL) TLV (R) SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE ergonomic exposure methods; HAL; hand activity level; MSDs; threshold limit value; TLV; upper limb musculoskeletal disorders ID MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; EPIDEMIOLOGIC RESEARCH; PERCEIVED EXERTION; REPETITION; RATINGS AB This article compares several methods that were used for determining hand activity level and force in a large prospective ergonomics study. The first goal of this analysis was to determine the degree of correlation between hand activity/ force ratings using different assessment methods. The second goal was to determine if the hand activity/force methods were functionally equivalent for the purpose of calculating the ACGIH (R) hand activity level (HAL) threshold limit value (TLV (R)). A final goal was to investigate reasons for potential differences between methods. More than 700 task analyses were conducted on 484 workers at three study locations. Hand activity was assessed by two methods, including a trained observer on site using a 10-point visual analog scale for hand activity level and by offsite video analysis of the same task to calculate the frequency of exertions and the work/recovery ratio. Hand force was assessed by two on-site methods: ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) using a modified Borg CR-10 scale by a trained observer and RPE by the worker performing the task. The two methods for assessing hand activity level were correlated (Spearman rank = 0.49) and produced main TLV result categories (below Action Limit, Action Limit, TLV) with percent of exact agreement ranging from 71 to 91% and weighted Kappa ranging from 0.61 to 0.75. The two RPE methods for assessing hand force were correlated (Spearman rank ranging from 0.47 to 0.69) and produced TLVs with percent of exact agreement ranging from 64 to 83% and weighted Kappa ranging from 0.52 to 0.62. Differences between methods may be explained by a number of task and subject variables that were significantly associated with higher levels of hand activity and force. In summary, this study found substantial agreement between two methods for assessing hand activity level and moderate agreement between two methods for assessing hand force. C1 [Wurzelbacher, Steve; Burt, Susan; Crombie, Ken; Ramsey, Jessica; Jin, Yan] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Luo, Lian; Allee, Steve] SRA Int Inc, Fairfax, VA USA. RP Wurzelbacher, S (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM swurzelbacher@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2010 VL 7 IS 7 BP 407 EP 416 AR PII 921904029 DI 10.1080/15459624.2010.481171 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 594NS UT WOS:000277545000006 PM 20446152 ER PT J AU de Perio, MA Durgam, S Caldwell, KL Eisenberg, J AF de Perio, Marie A. Durgam, Srinivas Caldwell, Kathleen L. Eisenberg, Judith TI A Health Hazard Evaluation of Antimony Exposure in Fire Fighters SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Objectives: Some firefighter station uniforms contain the flame-retardant, antimony trioxide. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health investigated a possible outbreak of antimony toxicity wherein 30 firefighters reported elevated antimony levels on hair analyses. Methods: We surveyed and collected urine samples from firefighters not wearing (Fire Department A) and wearing (Fire Department B) antimony-containing pants. Urine antimony concentrations were measured and adjusted for creatinine. Results: All 20 participating firefighters from Fire Department A and 41 (97.6%) of 42 participating firefighters from Fire Department B had urine antimony concentrations below or within the national reference range. No differences in urine antimony levels between departments were detected. Conclusions: Wearing antimony-containing uniforms does not pose a risk for antimony toxicity. This investigation highlights the importance of using validated methods for toxicity determination and of accurate, timely risk communication. C1 [de Perio, Marie A.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hazard Evaluat & Tech Assistance Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Caldwell, Kathleen L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP de Perio, MA (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hazard Evaluat & Tech Assistance Branch, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,R-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM Mdeperio@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 52 IS 1 BP 81 EP 84 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181c7514a PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 543LJ UT WOS:000273578700011 PM 20042882 ER PT J AU Davis, RR Custer, DA Krieg, E Alagramam, K AF Davis, Rickie R. Custer, David A. Krieg, Edward Alagramam, Kumar TI N-Acetyl L-Cysteine does not protect mouse ears from the effects of noise SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Background: Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is one of the most common occupational injuries in the United States. It would be extremely valuable if a safe, inexpensive compound could be identified which protects worker hearing from noise. In a series of experiments, Kopke has shown that the compound N-acetyl-L-cysteine (L-NAC) can protect the hearing of chinchillas from the effects of a single exposure to noise. L-NAC is used in clinical medicine and is very safe. Although L-NAC was reported to be promising, it has not been successful in other studies (Kramer et al., 2006; Hamernik et al., 2008). The present study was undertaken to determine if L-NAC could protect C57BL/6J (B6) mice from the permanent effects of noise. Method: Two groups of five B6 mice were injected with either 300 or 600 mg/kg L-NAC approximately 1 hr prior to a 104 dB broadband noise exposure and again immediately after the exposure. A control group (N = 7) was exposed to the same noise level but injected with vehicle (sterile saline). Auditory brainstem response measurements were made at 4, 8, 16 and 32 kHz one week prior to and 12 days after exposure. Conclusions: There were no statistically significant differences in ABR threshold shifts between the mice receiving L-NAC and the control mice. This indicates that L-NAC was not effective in preventing permanent threshold shift in this mouse model of NIHL. C1 [Davis, Rickie R.] NIOSH, Hearing Loss Prevent Team, Engn & Phys Hazards Branch, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Davis, Rickie R.; Custer, David A.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biol Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Krieg, Edward] NIOSH, Stat Team, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Alagramam, Kumar] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Otolaryngol, HNS, Univ Hosp Case Med Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Davis, RR (reprint author), NIOSH, Hearing Loss Prevent Team, Engn & Phys Hazards Branch, Div Appl Res & Technol, C-27,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM rrd1@cdc.gov OI Davis, Rickie/0000-0002-9264-2021 FU NIDCD [DC7866]; NIOSH FX This research is supported in part by NIDCD grant DC7866 to KA and intramural NIOSH funding. These data were previously presented at the Association for Research in Otolaryngology, Baltimore, MD, February 15, 2009. NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1745-6673 J9 J OCCUP MED TOXICOL JI J. Occup. Med. Toxicol. PY 2010 VL 5 AR 11 DI 10.1186/1745-6673-5-11 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V29JK UT WOS:000208744500011 PM 20426871 ER PT J AU Gravina, NE Cunningham, TR AF Gravina, Nicole E. Cunningham, Thomas R. TI The Checklist Manifesto: How to Get Things Right SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT LA English DT Book Review ID TASK CLARIFICATION; PERFORMANCE FEEDBACK; BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT; CLEANING BEHAVIORS; QUALITY C1 [Gravina, Nicole E.] Roosevelt Univ, Schaumburg, IL USA. [Cunningham, Thomas R.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Gravina, NE (reprint author), Roosevelt Univ, Schaumburg, IL USA. EM negravina@gmail.com; tcunningham@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 0160-8061 J9 J ORGAN BEHAV MANAGE JI J. Organ. Behav. Manage. PY 2010 VL 30 IS 3 BP 271 EP 277 AR PII 925857887 DI 10.1080/01608061.2010.499255 PG 7 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA 640ER UT WOS:000281031700004 ER PT J AU Li, BY Jiang, BB Dietz, MJ Smith, ES Clovis, NB Rao, KMK AF Li, Bingyun Jiang, Bingbing Dietz, Matthew J. Smith, E. Suzanne Clovis, Nina B. Rao, K. Murali Krishna TI Evaluation of Local MCP-1 and IL-12 Nanocoatings for Infection Prevention in Open Fractures SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE infection; trauma; cell-mediated immunity; antibiotic resistance; local drug delivery ID MONOCYTE CHEMOATTRACTANT PROTEIN-1; HOST-DEFENSE; MACROPHAGE RECRUITMENT; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; WOUND REPAIR; RESISTANCE; MICE; EXPRESSION; MANAGEMENT AB The increasing incidence of bacterial infection and the appearance of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) strains that are resistant to commonly used antibiotics has made it important to develop non-antibiotic approaches for infection prevention. The aim of this study was to develop local monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-12 p70 (IL-12 p70) therapies to prevent S. aureus infection by enhancing the recruitment and activation of macrophages, which are believed to play an important role in infection prevention as the first line of defense against invading pathogens. Nanocoating systems for MCP-1 and IL-12 p70 deliveries were prepared, and their release characteristics desirable for infection prevention in open fractures were explored. Local MCP-1 therapy reduced S. aureus infection and influenced white blood cell populations, and local IL-12 p70 treatment had a more profound effect on preventing S. aureus infection. No synergistic relationship in decreasing S. aureus infection was observed when MCP-1 and IL-12 p70 treatments were combined. This reported new approach may reduce antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance. (C) 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:48-54, 2010 C1 [Li, Bingyun; Jiang, Bingbing; Dietz, Matthew J.; Smith, E. Suzanne; Clovis, Nina B.] W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed, Biomat Bioengn & Nanotechnol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Li, Bingyun] WVNano Initiat, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Li, Bingyun] W Virginia Univ, Coll Engn & Mineral Resources, Dept Chem Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Li, Bingyun; Rao, K. Murali Krishna] NIOSH, Pathol & Physiol Res Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Li, BY (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed, Biomat Bioengn & Nanotechnol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM bli@hsc.wvu.edu FU AO Foundation; NSF [OISE-0737735]; NASA WV EPSCoR; WVU; NIH [RR16440] FX This work was supported in part by the AO Foundation, NSF (Grant OISE-0737735), NASA WV EPSCoR, and WVU. Project S-07-43L was supported by the AO Research Fund of the AO Foundation. The Flow Cytometry Core Facility is supported by NIH Grant RR16440. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies or NIOSH. We thank Terence Meighan for assistance in RT/PCR studies, John Thomas, PhD, for consultation on bacterial studies, John Barnett, PhD, for mentoring B. L. on immunology consultation, Sanford Emery, MD, and Brock Lindsey, MD, for consultation on animal models, Jabeen Noore, PhD, for ELISA tests, Vincent Kish, ASEE, for building the fracture device, and Stanley Wearden, PhD, for assistance in statistical analysis. NR 28 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0736-0266 EI 1554-527X J9 J ORTHOP RES JI J. Orthop. Res. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 28 IS 1 BP 48 EP 54 DI 10.1002/jor.20939 PG 7 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 536WG UT WOS:000273074000009 PM 19588527 ER PT J AU Shapiro-Mendoza, CK Kim, SY Chu, SY Kahn, E Anderson, RN AF Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K. Kim, Shin Y. Chu, Susan Y. Kahn, Emily Anderson, Robert N. TI Using Death Certificates to Characterize Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS): Opportunities and Limitations SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CLASSIFICATION; TRENDS AB Objective To examine cause-of-death terminology written on death certificates for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and to determine the adequacy of this text data in more fully describing circumstances potentially contributing to SIDS deaths. Study design With 2003 and 2004 US mortality files, we analyzed all deaths that were assigned the underlying cause-of-death code for SIDS (R95). With the terminology written on the death certificates, we grouped cases into SIDS-related cause-of-death subcategories and then assessed the percentage of cases in each subcategory with contributory or possibly causal factors described on the certificate. Results Of the 4408 SIDS-coded deaths, we subcategorized 67.2% as ``SIDS'' and 11.0% as ``sudden unexplained (or unexpected) infant death.'' The terms ``probable SIDS'' (2.8%) and ``consistent with SIDS'' (4.6%) were found less frequently. Of those death certificates that described additional factors, ``bedsharing or unsafe sleep environment'' was mentioned approximately 80% of the time. Most records (79.4%) did not mention any additional factors. Conclusion Our death certificate analysis of the cause-of-death terminology provided a unique opportunity to more accurately characterize SIDS-coded deaths. However, the death certificate was still limited in its ability to more fully describe the circumstances leading to SIDS death, indicating the need for a more comprehensive source of SIDS data, such as a case registry. (J Pediatr 2010; 156: 38-43). C1 [Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maternal & Infant Hlth Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Anderson, Robert N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Shapiro-Mendoza, CK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maternal & Infant Hlth Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Mailstop K-23,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ayn9@cdc.gov RI Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie/B-3236-2009; OI Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie/0000-0002-8204-8782; Kahn, Emily/0000-0001-7812-7958 NR 16 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 156 IS 1 BP 38 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.07.017 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 538QZ UT WOS:000273200400011 PM 19782997 ER PT J AU He, XQ Ma, Q AF He, Xiaoqing Ma, Qiang TI Critical Cysteine Residues of Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 in Arsenic Sensing and Suppression of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NRF2; OXIDATIVE STRESS; NAD(P)H-QUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE; MICE LACKING; KEAP1; PROTECTION; DEFENSE; UBIQUITINATION; DEGRADATION; ACTIVATION AB Arsenic activates nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) to induce phase II and antioxidative genes. Here we analyzed arsenic-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) cysteine thiol interaction in Nrf2 activation. Arsenic-based Nrf2 activators, fluorescent biarsenical labeling reagent (FlAsH) and phenylarsine oxide (PAO), were used to probe binding of arsenic to Keap1. Strong fluorescence was observed on binding of FlAsH to purified Keap1. Pretreatment with arsenic, tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), or 2,3-dimercaptopropanol significantly reduced the fluorescent signal. PAO affinity beads effectively pulled down Keap1 in vitro and from hepa1c1c7 cells. Arsenic, tBHQ, free PAO, or cadmium blocked Keap1 pull-down. Furthermore, arsenic and free PAO significantly reduced the free thiol contents of purified or endogenous Keap1. Thus, arsenic, FlAsH, and PAO, as well as tBHQ and cadmium, bind to Keap1 cysteine thiols in a similar fashion. All the domains of Keap1 bound PAO, and the linker region exhibited the highest binding activity. The function of arsenic-Keap1 interaction was evaluated in a reconstituted system that mimics endogenous Nrf2 regulation. Mutation of Cys273 or Cys288 in the linker region resulted in high level basal expression of Nrf2 protein. Mutation of Cys151 abolished Nrf2 activation by arsenic. Overexpression of C273A, C288A, or C151A altered the basal and arsenic-induced expression of Nrf2 target genes. The study shows an important role of Cys273 and Cys288 in the suppression of Nrf2 by Keap1 and a critical function of Cys151 in arsenic responsiveness. Our findings support a model in which arsenic binds to different sets of Keap1 cysteine residues to regulate divergent functions in Nrf2 signal transduction. C1 [He, Xiaoqing; Ma, Qiang] NIOSH, Receptor Biol Lab, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div,Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Ma, Qiang] W Virginia Univ, Dept Biochem, Sch Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Ma, Q (reprint author), NIOSH, Receptor Biol Lab, TMBB, HELD,CDC, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM qam1@cdc.gov FU National Institutes of Health National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health FX This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. NR 36 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 332 IS 1 BP 66 EP 75 DI 10.1124/jpet.109.160465 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 534RB UT WOS:000272913900007 PM 19808700 ER PT J AU Riley, WJ Moran, JW Corso, LC Beitsch, LM Bialek, R Cofsky, A AF Riley, William J. Moran, John W. Corso, Liza C. Beitsch, Leslie M. Bialek, Ronald Cofsky, Abbey TI Defining Quality Improvement in Public Health SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material DE performance improvement; public health departments; quality improvement techniques; QI applications for public health departments C1 [Riley, William J.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Moran, John W.] Publ Hlth Fdn, Washington, DC USA. [Corso, Liza C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Syst Performance, Off Chief Publ Hlth Practice, Atlanta, GA USA. [Beitsch, Leslie M.] Florida State Univ, Coll Med, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Beitsch, Leslie M.] Ctr Med & Publ Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Bialek, Ronald] Publ Hlth Fdn, Washington, DC USA. [Cofsky, Abbey] Robert Wood Johnson Fdn, Publ Hlth Team, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Riley, WJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, 420 Delaware St SE,MMC 729, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM riley001@umn.edu NR 11 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 5 EP 7 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 532BU UT WOS:000272719700003 PM 20009636 ER PT J AU Lenaway, D Corso, LC Buchanan, S Thomas, C Astles, R AF Lenaway, Dennis Corso, Liza C. Buchanan, Sharunda Thomas, Craig Astles, Rex TI Quality Improvement and Performance: CDC's Strategies to Strengthen Public Health SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Lenaway, Dennis; Corso, Liza C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Syst Performance, Off Chief Publ Hlth Practice, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Buchanan, Sharunda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Thomas, Craig] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Outcome Monitoring & Evaluat Branch, Div State & Local Readiness, Coordinating Off Terrorism Preparedness & Emergen, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Astles, Rex] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Syst, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lenaway, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Syst Performance, Off Chief Publ Hlth Practice, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Dlenaway@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 11 EP 13 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 532BU UT WOS:000272719700005 PM 20009638 ER PT J AU Corso, LC Lenaway, D Beitsch, LM Landrum, LB Deutsch, H AF Corso, Liza C. Lenaway, Dennis Beitsch, Leslie M. Landrum, Laura B. Deutsch, Heidi TI The National Public Health Performance Standards: Driving Quality Improvement in Public Health Systems SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE accountability; accreditation; assessment; health departments; performance standards; public health practice; public health systems; quality improvement ID ACCREDITATION; VALIDITY; STATES AB Since its inception in 1998, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Public Health Performance Standards Program (NPHPSP) has helped lay the groundwork for public health quality improvement (QI) activities at the state and local levels. This article describes how the NPHPSP has promoted QI through its instruments and guidance and how it has continually strengthened the focus on QI over the years. The NPHPSP Version 2 instruments and enhanced guidance have been designed to more strongly reinforce QI and catalyze the transition from assessment to action. Despite positive reports from some state and local users that emphasize the value the NPHPSP holds for those that do successfully move forward with improvement actions, 2005 evaluation results from the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials and the National Association of County and City Health Officials indicated challenges in transitioning the assessments results into performance improvement. More recent data are promising; a 2009 postassessment survey of early Version 2 respondents indicates that the majority (75% of all respondents) report action in one or more performance improvement steps. The NPHPSP has played an important role in fostering QI in many states and local jurisdictions. Furthermore, its experiences and lessons learned in supporting QI have helped to pave the way for other initiatives, such as the emerging national accreditation system for state and local health departments. C1 [Corso, Liza C.; Lenaway, Dennis] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Syst Performance, Off Chief Publ Hlth Practice, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Beitsch, Leslie M.] Florida State Univ, Coll Med, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Beitsch, Leslie M.] Ctr Med & Publ Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Landrum, Laura B.] Assoc State & Territorial Hlth Officials, Washington, DC USA. [Deutsch, Heidi] Natl Assoc Cty & City Hlth Officials, Washington, DC USA. RP Corso, LC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Syst Performance, Off Chief Publ Hlth Practice, 1600 Clifton Rd,Bldg 21,MS D30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Lcorso@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 19 EP 23 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 532BU UT WOS:000272719700007 PM 20009640 ER PT J AU Kohn, WG AF Kohn, William G. TI Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases Be prepared SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Oral Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kohn, WG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Oral Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-10, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM WAK8@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DENTAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 141 IS 1 BP 10 EP + PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 543LE UT WOS:000273578200001 PM 20045810 ER PT J AU Bardenheier, BH Wortley, P Ahmed, F Hales, C Shefer, A AF Bardenheier, Barbara H. Wortley, Pascale Ahmed, Faruque Hales, Craig Shefer, Abigail TI Influenza Immunization Coverage Among Residents of Long-Term Care Facilities Certified by CMS, 2005-2006: The Newest MDS Quality Indicator SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Vaccination; influenza; long-term care; racial disparity; MDS ID NURSING-HOME RESIDENT; VACCINATION AB Background: In October 2005, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) required that long-term care (LTC) facilities certified by CMS offer each resident annual influenza vaccination. Subsequently, vaccination status was added to resident assessments collected beginning in the influenza season, 2005-2006. This is the first year immunization coverage can be reported based on a census of LTC residents. Objectives: Report influenza immunization coverage for LTC residents by state, resident, and facility characteristics. Identify uses of the data and areas in need of improvement. Methods: Analysis of CMS' Minimum Data Set of 1,851,676 residents in nursing homes from October 1 through December 31 but who could have been discharged between January 1 and March 31 merged with data for 14,493 non hospital-based facilities from the Online Survey and Certification Assessment Reporting System. Results: Overall, 83% of residents were offered the vaccine and 72% had received the vaccine. Almost 10% refused to receive the vaccine, 14% were not offered the vaccine, 1% were ineligible, and 3% were missing vaccination status. Vaccination coverage varied significantly among states (range: 49% to 87%). Fewer African Americans and Hispanics than whites were offered the vaccine (79% and 79% versus 84%, respectively) and received it (65% and 66% versus 73%, respectively); more African Americans refused the vaccine (12%) than residents of other races and/or ethnicities. Residents of Medicaid-certified-only facilities had higher levels of vaccination than residents of other facilities (82% versus <= 73%). Conclusion: MDS immunization data can be used as surveillance to work with states to improve coverage. Further research to examine racial disparities in vaccination among LTC residents is needed. (J Am Med Dir Assoc 2010; 11: 59-69) C1 [Bardenheier, Barbara H.; Wortley, Pascale; Ahmed, Faruque; Shefer, Abigail] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hales, Craig] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emergency Preparedness & Response, Natl Ctr Publ Hlth Informat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bardenheier, BH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM BFB7@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1525-8610 J9 J AM MED DIR ASSOC JI J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 11 IS 1 BP 59 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.jamda.2009.09.011 PG 11 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 586IY UT WOS:000276901800011 PM 20129216 ER PT J AU Dickersin, K Fredman, L Flegal, KM Scott, J Crawley, B AF Dickersin, Kay Fredman, Lisa Flegal, Katherine M. Scott, Jane Crawley, Barbara TI Female editorship is an important indicator of gender imbalance SO JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID EDITORIAL-BOARDS; WOMEN; JOURNALS C1 [Dickersin, Kay] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Fredman, Lisa] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Flegal, Katherine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Scott, Jane] NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Crawley, Barbara] Ctr Medicare & Medicaid Serv, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Dickersin, K (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. EM kdickers@jhsph.edu RI Flegal, Katherine/A-4608-2013; OI Flegal, Katherine/0000-0002-0838-469X NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND SN 0141-0768 J9 J ROY SOC MED JI J. R. Soc. Med. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 103 IS 1 BP 5 EP 5 DI 10.1258/jrsm.2009.09k071 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 550XZ UT WOS:000274169100002 PM 20056662 ER PT J AU Gulumian, M Vallyanthan, V AF Gulumian, Mary Vallyanthan, Val TI Nanoparticles and Potential Human Health Implications: Past and Future Directions - PREFACE SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Vallyanthan, Val] NIOSH, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Vallyanthan, V (reprint author), NIOSH, CDC, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM vavl@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PY 2010 VL 73 IS 5-6 BP 339 EP 340 AR PII 919251226 DI 10.1080/15287390903584339 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 555ZG UT WOS:000274555000001 PM 20155576 ER PT J AU Pacurari, M Castranova, V Vallyathan, V AF Pacurari, Maricica Castranova, Vince Vallyathan, Val TI SINGLE- AND MULTI-WALL CARBON NANOTUBES VERSUS ASBESTOS: ARE THE CARBON NANOTUBES A NEW HEALTH RISK TO HUMANS? SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Fine Particles including Engineered Nanoparticles of an Atomic or Molecular Scale of Less than 100 nm CY SEP 02-05, 2008 CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA ID NF-KAPPA-B; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASES; HUMAN MESOTHELIAL CELLS; CROCIDOLITE ASBESTOS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; MALIGNANT MESOTHELIOMA; CHRYSOTILE ASBESTOS; HUMAN KERATINOCYTES; PULMONARY TOXICITY AB Carbon nanotubes (CNT), since their discovery, have become one of the most promising nanomaterials in many industrial and biomedical applications. Due to their unique physicochemical properties, interest is growing in the manufacture of CNT-based products and their subsequent marketing. Since their discovery, the prospect of possible undesirable human health effects has been a focus of many scientific studies. Although CNT possess unique physical properties that include (1) nanoscale diameter, (2) a wide length distribution ranging from tens of nanometers to several micrometers, and (3) high aspect ratio, the fibrous-like shape and durability suggest that their toxic properties may be analogous to those observed with other fibrous particles, such as asbestos. The present study provides a summary of published findings on CNT bioactivity, such as the potential of CNT, especially of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), to activate signaling pathways modulating transcription factor activity, induce apoptosis, induce DNA damage, and initiate biological responses. Assessment of risks to human health and adoption of appropriate exposure controls is critical for the safe and successful introduction of CNT -based products for future applications. C1 [Vallyathan, Val] NIOSH, CDC, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Vallyathan, V (reprint author), NIOSH, CDC, Hlth Effects Lab Div, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM vavl@cdc.gov NR 123 TC 79 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 22 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PY 2010 VL 73 IS 5-6 BP 378 EP 395 AR PII 919250926 DI 10.1080/15287390903486527 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 555ZG UT WOS:000274555000005 PM 20155580 ER PT J AU Shi, XC Keane, MJ Ong, T Li, SQ Bugarski, AB AF Shi, X-C Keane, M. J. Ong, T. Li, S-Q Bugarski, A. B. TI Mutagenicity of Diesel Exhaust Particles from an Engine with Differing Exhaust After Treatments SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID PARTICULATE MATTER EMISSIONS; AFTERTREATMENT DEVICES; CATALYTIC-CONVERTER; UNDERGROUND MINE; TOXICITY; VEHICLES; GASOLINE; SAMPLES; FUEL; AIR AB This study was conducted to investigate the effects of engine operating conditions and exhaust aftertreatments on the mutagenicity of diesel particulate matter (DPM) collected directly in an underground mine environment. A number of after-treatment devices are currently used on diesel engines in mines, but it is critical to determine whether reductions in DPM concentrations result in a corresponding decrease in adverse health effects. An eddy-current dynamometer was used to operate naturally aspirated mechanically controlled engine at several steady-state conditions. The samples were collected when the engine was equipped with a standard muffler, a diesel oxidation catalytic converter, two types of uncatalyzed diesel particulate filter systems, and three types of disposable diesel particulate filter elements. Bacterial gene mutation activity of DPM was tested on acetone extracts using the Ames Salmonella assay. The results indicated strong correlation between engine operating conditions and mutagenic activity of DPM. When the engine was fitted with muffler, the mutagenic activity was observed for the samples collected from light-load, but not heavy-load operating conditions. When the engine was equipped with a diesel oxidation catalyst, the samples did not exhibit mutagenic activity for any of four engine operating conditions. Mutagenic activity was observed for the samples collected when the engine was retrofitted with three types of disposable filters and sintered metal diesel particulate filter and operated at light load conditions. However, those filtration systems substantially reduced the concentration-normalized mutagenic activity from the levels observed for the muffler. C1 [Shi, X-C; Keane, M. J.; Ong, T.; Li, S-Q] Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, US Dept HHS, Publ Hlth Serv, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Bugarski, A. B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Publ Hlth Serv,Pittsburgh Res Lab, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Keane, MJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, US Dept HHS, Publ Hlth Serv, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,Hlth Effects Lab Div, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM MKeane@cdc.gov FU NIOSH Pittsburgh Research Laboratory Diesel Team; Lake Lynn Laboratory FX The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). The mention of any company names or products does not imply an endorsement by NIOSH or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, nor does it imply that alternative products are unavailable, or unable to be substituted after appropriate evaluation. We acknowledge support from the NIOSH Pittsburgh Research Laboratory Diesel Team and Lake Lynn Laboratory personnel for their help and assistance in the experimental phase of this study. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PY 2010 VL 73 IS 19 BP 1314 EP 1324 AR PII 925758721 DI 10.1080/15287394.2010.485030 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 640UH UT WOS:000281078300004 PM 20711933 ER PT J AU Mohammed, HP Ramos, MM Rivera, A Johansson, M Munoz-Jordan, JL Sun, W Tomashek, KM AF Mohammed, Hamish P. Ramos, Mary M. Rivera, Aidsa Johansson, Michael Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L. Sun, Wellington Tomashek, Kay M. TI Travel-Associated Dengue Infections in the United States, 1996 to 2005 SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VIRUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M; TEXAS-MEXICO BORDER; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; RISK-FACTORS; CLINICAL-FEATURES; EPIDEMIC DENGUE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; PUERTO-RICO; SURVEILLANCE; ANTIBODIES AB Methods. Data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's laboratory-based Passive Dengue Surveillance System (PDSS) were used to describe trends in travel-associated dengue reported from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 2005. The PDSS relies on provider-initiated requests for diagnostic testing of serum samples via state health departments. A case of travel-associated dengue was defined as a laboratory-positive dengue infection in a resident of the 50 US states and the District of Columbia who had been in a dengue-endemic area within 14 days before symptom onset. Dengue infection was confirmed by serologic and virologic techniques. Results. One thousand one hundred and ninety-six suspected travel-associated dengue cases were reported-334 (28%) were laboratory-positive, 597 (50%) were laboratory-negative, and 265 (22%) were laboratory-indeterminate. The incidence of laboratory-positive cases varied from 1996 to 2005, but had an overall increase with no significant trend (53.5 to 121.3 per 108 US travelers, p = 0.36). The most commonly visited regions were the Caribbean, Mexico and Central America, and Asia. The median age of laboratory-positive cases was 37 years (range: < 1 to 75 y) and 166 (50%) were male. Of the 334 laboratory-positive cases, 41 (12%) were hospitalized, and 2 (1%) died. Conclusions. Residents of the US traveling to dengue-endemic regions are at risk of dengue infection and need to be instructed on appropriate prevention measures prior to travel. Especially in light of the potential transmissibility of dengue virus via blood transfusion, consistent reporting of travel-associated dengue infections is essential. C1 [Mohammed, Hamish P.] Ross Univ Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, Basseterre, St Kitts, W Ind Assoc St. [Mohammed, Hamish P.] Ross Univ Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, Nevis, W Ind Assoc St. [Mohammed, Hamish P.; Rivera, Aidsa; Johansson, Michael; Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L.; Tomashek, Kay M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, San Juan, PR USA. [Ramos, Mary M.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Pediat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Sun, Wellington] US FDA, Div Vaccine & Related Prod Applicat, Kensington, MD USA. RP Mohammed, HP (reprint author), Ross Univ Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, POB 334, Basseterre, St Kitts, W Ind Assoc St. EM hamohammed@rossvet.edu.kn NR 39 TC 32 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 17 IS 1 BP 8 EP 14 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2009.00374.x PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 540EV UT WOS:000273314900002 PM 20074096 ER PT J AU Rein, DB Lesesne, SB Leese, PJ Weinbaum, CM AF Rein, D. B. Lesesne, S. B. Leese, P. J. Weinbaum, C. M. TI Community-based hepatitis B screening programs in the United States in 2008 SO JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS LA English DT Article DE Asian-Americans; community screening; hepatitis B; immigrants; prevalence ID ADULTS AB The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) testing to identify hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection for foreign-born persons from areas with HBsAg prevalence of 2%. Currently, most HBsAg screening in the United States is performed by independent community organizations. For these HBsAg screening programs, we collected information about the location, number of people screened, other services beyond screening provided, the population/ethnicity groups targeted for screening, and the prevalence of HBsAg among those screened. We identified programs offering screening by contacting programs known to us, from interviews with identified programs, and from structured Internet searches, and collected information using a simple e-mail survey with follow-up phone calls. We identified 55 possible community HBsAg screening programs, of which we successfully contacted 31 programs. In the past year, contacted programs screened an estimated 21 817 patients with an 8.1% average HBsAg prevalence. The majority of programs screened persons born in Asia and their children, and a small number of programs screened persons from Africa or Eastern Europe; very few programs screened U. S.-born persons at risk of HBV infection due to behavioural factors. We identified few or no programs in the American Southeast, the Midwest, and the Southwest outside of California and the Houston area. The HBsAg screening programs that we contacted were effective in identifying and screening patients at risk of HBV as evidenced by the high prevalence observed among those screened. However, their efforts alone are likely insufficient to meet the need for screening recommended by CDC. C1 [Rein, D. B.; Lesesne, S. B.; Leese, P. J.] RTI Int, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Weinbaum, C. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rein, DB (reprint author), RTI Int, 2951 Flowers Rd,Suite 119, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM drein@rti.org FU Centers For Disease Control and Prevention's Division of Viral Hepatitis [200-2002-00776] FX This study was funded in full by the Centers For Disease Control and Prevention's Division of Viral Hepatitis through contract #200-2002-00776, Task Order 65. NR 13 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1352-0504 J9 J VIRAL HEPATITIS JI J. Viral Hepatitis PD JAN PY 2010 VL 17 IS 1 BP 28 EP 33 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2009.01165.x PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 545KT UT WOS:000273731700004 PM 19674286 ER PT J AU Ye, YM Mar, EC Tong, SX Sammons, S Fang, SA Anderson, LJ Wang, DX AF Ye, Yiming Mar, Eng-Chun Tong, Suxiang Sammons, Scott Fang, Sunan Anderson, Larry J. Wang, Dongxia TI Application of proteomics methods for pathogen discovery SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Detection; Pathogen; Proteomics; Mass spectrometry ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; VIRUS-INFECTION; MATURE VIRION; CELL-LINES; PROTEINS; IDENTIFICATION; ELECTROPHORESIS; EXPRESSION AB Proteomics have been used widely to study proteins in complex materials such as cells, body fluids, tissues, and organisms. Application of advance proteomic techniques for the characterization of disease-specific proteins may provide information for the detection of potential infectious agents. In this report, two proteomics techniques, a two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and a one-dimensional gel electrophoresis and one-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GeLC-MS/MS), were applied for investigating viral proteins from cultured cells inoculated with a clinical sample. The 2D-DIGE method identified five viral proteins of vaccinia virus that are only present in infected cells, these results are in agreement with findings determined by genome based methods. The GeLC-MS/MS method identified eight vaccinia virus proteins out of 428 proteins detected in the sample. These results demonstrate that proteomic techniques can be used effectively for the detection of infectious agents. Given that the methods are capable of applying to proteins without a prior knowledge of the pathogen present, proteomics has a potential of being developed as a molecular tool for pathogen discovery, and disease diagnosis of emerging infectious diseases and for bioterrorism defense. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mar, Eng-Chun; Tong, Suxiang; Anderson, Larry J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ye, Yiming; Sammons, Scott; Fang, Sunan; Wang, Dongxia] NCPDClD, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Div Sci Resources, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tong, SX (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dov2@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD JAN PY 2010 VL 163 IS 1 BP 87 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.09.002 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 549IZ UT WOS:000274042900012 PM 19751767 ER PT J AU Bergeron, E Albarino, CG Khristova, ML Nichol, ST AF Bergeron, Eric Albarino, Cesar G. Khristova, Marina L. Nichol, Stuart T. TI Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus-Encoded Ovarian Tumor Protease Activity Is Dispensable for Virus RNA Polymerase Function SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID REVERSE GENETICS SYSTEMS; CDNA-BASED RESCUE; ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; NONCODING REGIONS; BUNYAMWERA VIRUS; CLONED CDNA; RIBAVIRIN; EXPRESSION; SEGMENT; BUNYAVIRIDAE AB Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a tick-borne virus (genus Nairovirus, family Bunyaviridae) associated with high case fatality disease outbreaks in regions of Africa, Europe, and Asia. The CCHFV genome consists of three negative-strand RNA segments, S, M, and L. The unusually large virus L polymerase protein and the need for biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) containment conditions for work with infectious virus have hampered the study of CCHFV replication. The L protein has an ovarian tumor (OTU) protease domain located in the N terminus, which has led to speculation that the protein may be autoproteolytically cleaved to generate the active virus L polymerase and additional functions. We report the successful development of efficient CCHFV helper virus-independent S, M, and L segment minigenome systems for analysis of virus RNA and protein features involved in replication. The virus RNA segment S, M, and L untranslated regions were found to be similar in support of replication of the respective minigenomes. In addition, the OTU domain located in the N terminus of the expressed virus L protein was shown to be a functional protease. However, no evidence of L protein autoproteolytic processing was found, and the OTU protease activity was dispensable for virus RNA replication. Finally, physiologically relevant doses of ribavirin inhibited CCHFV minigenome replication. These results demonstrated the utility of the minigenome system for use in BSL-2 laboratory settings to analyze CCHFV biology and in antiviral drug discovery programs for this important public health and bioterrorism threat. C1 [Bergeron, Eric; Albarino, Cesar G.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Khristova, Marina L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Nichol, ST (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM stn1@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education fellowship; ASM/CCID fellowship in Infectious Disease and Public Health Microbiology FX Eric Bergeron was supported by an Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education fellowship and ASM/CCID fellowship in Infectious Disease and Public Health Microbiology. NR 45 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 84 IS 1 BP 216 EP 226 DI 10.1128/JVI.01859-09 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 530BQ UT WOS:000272564300020 PM 19864393 ER PT J AU Preston, K Lantagne, D Kotlarz, N Jellison, K AF Preston, Kelsey Lantagne, Daniele Kotlarz, Nadine Jellison, Kristen TI Turbidity and chlorine demand reduction using alum and moringa flocculation before household chlorination in developing countries SO JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE developing countries; drinking water; flocculation; household water treatment; Moringa oleifera; Safe Water System ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; WATER-TREATMENT; DIARRHEA PREVENTION; DRINKING-WATER; OLEIFERA SEED; WESTERN KENYA; SAFE STORAGE; DISINFECTANT; COAGULATION; STRATEGIES AB Over 1.1 billion people in the world lack access to improved drinking water. Diarrhoeal and other waterborne diseases cause an estimated 1.87 million deaths per year. The Safe Water System (SWS) is a household water treatment intervention that reduces diarrhoeal disease incidence among users in developing countries. Turbid waters pose a particular challenge to implementation of SWS programmes; although research shows that a 3.75 mgl(-1) sodium hypochlorite dose effectively treats turbid waters, users sometimes object to the strong chlorine taste and prefer to drink water that is more aesthetically pleasing. This study investigated the efficacy of two locally available chemical water treatments-alum and Moringa oleifera flocculation-to reduce turbidity and chlorine demand at turbidities of 10, 30, 70, 100 and 300 NTU. Both treatments effectively reduced turbidity (alum flocculation 23.0-91.4%; moringa flocculation 14.2-96.2%). Alum flocculation effectively reduced chlorine demand compared with controls at 30, 70, 100 and 300 NTU (p = 0.01-0.06). Moringa flocculation increased chlorine demand to the point where adequate free chlorine residual was not maintained for 24 hours after treatment. Alum pretreatment is recommended in waters >= 30 NTU for optimum water disinfection. Moringa flocculation is not recommended before chlorination. C1 [Preston, Kelsey; Kotlarz, Nadine; Jellison, Kristen] Lehigh Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Lantagne, Daniele] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jellison, K (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 13 E Packer Ave, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM kjellison@lehigh.edu FU National Science Foundation [0545687] FX This work was partially supported by a National Science Foundation CAREER grant to co-author Jellison (award #0545687). NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 17 PU I W A PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 1477-8920 J9 J WATER HEALTH JI J. Water Health PY 2010 VL 8 IS 1 BP 60 EP 70 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources GA 565QZ UT WOS:000275310700007 PM 20009248 ER PT J AU Aral, MM Guan, JB Maslia, ML AF Aral, Mustafa M. Guan, Jiabao Maslia, Morris L. TI Optimal Design of Sensor Placement in Water Distribution Networks SO JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Water distribution system; Optimization; Genetic algorithms; Water sensor networks ID DETECTING ACCIDENTAL CONTAMINATIONS; GENETIC ALGORITHM; OPTIMIZATION; IDENTIFICATION; AQUIFERS AB In this study we provide a methodology for the optimal design of water sensor placement in water distribution networks. The optimization algorithm used is based on a simulation-optimization and a single-objective function approach which incorporates multiple factors used in the design of the system. In this sense the proposed model mimics a multiobjective approach and yields the final design without explicitly specifying a preference among the multiple objectives of the problem. A reliability constraint concept is also introduced into the optimization model such that the minimum number of sensors and their optimal placement can be identified in order to satisfy a prespecified reliability criterion for the network. Progressive genetic algorithm approach is used for the solution of the model. The algorithm works on a subset of the complete set of junctions present in the system and the final solution is obtained through the evolution of subdomain sets. The proposed algorithm is applied to the two test networks to assess the selected design, The results of the proposed solution are discussed comparatively with the outcome of other solutions that were submitted to a water distribution systems analysis symposium. These comparisons indicate that the algorithm proposed here is an effective approach in solving this problem. C1 [Aral, Mustafa M.; Guan, Jiabao] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Multimedia Environm Simulat Lab, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Maslia, Morris L.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Aral, MM (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Multimedia Environm Simulat Lab, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM maral@ce.gatech.edu NR 33 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 9 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9496 J9 J WATER RES PL-ASCE JI J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage.-ASCE PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 136 IS 1 BP 5 EP 18 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000001 PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 543KE UT WOS:000273575100002 ER PT J AU Dzikwi, AA Kuzmin, II Umoh, JU Kwaga, JKP Ahmad, AA Rupprecht, CE AF Dzikwi, Asabe A. Kuzmin, Ivan I. Umoh, Jarlath U. Kwaga, Jacob K. P. Ahmad, Aliyu A. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Evidence of Lagos Bat Virus Circulation among Nigerian Fruit Bats SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Eidolon helvum; Epomophorus gambianus; fruit bats; Lagos bat virus; Nigeria; serology ID RABIES VIRUS; ANTIBODIES; AFRICA AB During lyssavirus surveillance, 350 brains from four species of fruit bats and one Species of insectivorous bat were collected from seven locations in Northern Nigeria during May to October, 2006. Lyssavirus antigen was not detected in the brains, and isolation attempts in mice we're unsuccessful. However, serologic tests demonstrated the presence of lyssavirus-neutralizing antibodies in bat sera. Of 140 sera tested, 27 (19%) neutralized Lagos bat virus, and two of these additionally neutralized Mokola virus. The positive samples originated from the straw-colored fruit bat (Eidolon helvum) and the Gambian epaulet bat (Epomophorus gambianus). No neutralizing activity was detected against other lyssaviruses including rabies, Duvenhage, and West Caucasian bat viruses. C1 [Dzikwi, Asabe A.; Umoh, Jarlath U.; Kwaga, Jacob K. P.] Ahmadu Bello Univ, Dept Vet Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Fac Vet Med, Zaria 810107, Nigeria. [Dzikwi, Asabe A.; Kuzmin, Ivan I.; Rupprecht, Charles E.] CDC, Rabies Program, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Ahmad, Aliyu A.] Ahmadu Bello Univ, Dept Microbiol, Fac Sci, Zaria 810107, Nigeria. RP Dzikwi, AA (reprint author), Ahmadu Bello Univ, Dept Vet Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Fac Vet Med, Zaria 810107, Nigeria. EM asabezik@yahoo.com NR 18 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 46 IS 1 BP 267 EP 271 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 548JE UT WOS:000273957100030 PM 20090042 ER PT J AU Ortega, LAG Karch, D AF Ortega, LaVonne A. G. Karch, Debra TI Precipitating Circumstances of Suicide among Women of Reproductive Age in 16 US States, 2003-2007 SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PSYCHOLOGICAL AUTOPSY; LIFE EVENTS; RISK AB Suicide is the fourth leading cause of death for women between the ages of 15 and 44 years, exceeding deaths due to homicide, HIV, cerebrovascular disease (CVD), and diabetes (CDC, 2009). Furthermore, almost half of the suicide deaths in women occur in women of reproductive age, yet little is known about the determinants of suicide in young adult and middle-age women. Data from the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) were analyzed to describe the leading circumstances associated with suicide among women aged 15-44 years. From 2003 to 2007, there were 4203 suicide deaths among women 15-44 years of age, which represents nearly half (46%) of the suicide deaths among females. Precipitating circumstances were known in 3784 cases. The most frequently cited circumstances for these suicide decedents were current mental health problem (60%), having ever been treated for a mental health problem (54%), current depressed mood (44%), and problems with a current or former intimate partner (36%). Thirty-seven percent had a history of suicide attempts. Twenty-eight percent disclosed their intent to die by suicide to another person with enough time for someone to have intervened. To prevent suicide in women of reproductive age, multiple approaches should be taken, including but not limited to appropriate and effective mental health treatment, access to support systems, familial education in recognizing the signs of suicide, and understanding the options available to get help for someone at risk. C1 [Ortega, LaVonne A. G.; Karch, Debra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ortega, LAG (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway,MS-F63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM LOrtega1@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD JAN PY 2010 VL 19 IS 1 BP 5 EP 7 DI 10.1089/jwh.2009.1788 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 545ZN UT WOS:000273776500001 PM 20088651 ER PT J AU Lachance, DH Lennon, VA Pittock, SJ Tracy, JA Krecke, KN Amrami, KK Poeschla, EM Orenstein, R Scheithauer, BW Sejvar, JJ Holzbauer, S DeVries, AS Dyck, PJB AF Lachance, Daniel H. Lennon, Vanda A. Pittock, Sean J. Tracy, Jennifer A. Krecke, Karl N. Amrami, Kimberly K. Poeschla, Eric M. Orenstein, Robert Scheithauer, Bernd W. Sejvar, James J. Holzbauer, Stacy DeVries, Aaron S. Dyck, P. James B. TI An outbreak of neurological autoimmunity with polyradiculoneuropathy in workers exposed to aerosolised porcine neural tissue: a descriptive study SO LANCET NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MYELIN BASIC-PROTEIN; ENDOGENOUS RETROVIRUS; NERVOUS-TISSUE; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; COMPLICATIONS; INFECTION; DISEASE; SCALE AB Background Between November, 2006, and May, 2008, a subacute neurological syndrome affected workers from two swine abattoirs in Minnesota and Indiana who had occupational exposure to aerosolised porcine brain. We aimed to describe the pathogenic and immunological characteristics of this illness. Methods All patients from two abattoirs who presented or were referred to the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN, USA) with neurological symptoms were included. We recorded details of exposure to aerosolised brain tissue and did comprehensive neurological, laboratory, neuroimaging, electrophysiological, pathological, and autoimmune serological assessments. Healthy controls were recruited from the community and from workers at the plant in Minnesota. Findings 24 patients were identified (21 from Minnesota, three from Indiana). The shortest duration from first exposure to symptom onset was 4 weeks. No infectious agent that could trigger disease was identified. All patients developed polyradiculoneuropathy, which was usually sensory predominant and painful. Two patients had initial CNS manifestations: transverse myelitis and meningoencephalitis. Nerve conduction studies localised abnormalities to the most proximal and distal nerve segments. Quantitative sensory and autonomic testing revealed involvement of large and small sensory fibres and sweat fibres. MRI showed prominent abnormalities of roots and ganglia. Nerve biopsies identified mild demyelination, axonal degeneration, and perivascular inflammation. Protein concentrations were high in the CSF of 18 (86%) of 21 patients. Sera from all patients and 29 (34%) of 85 unaffected workplace controls (but none of 178 community controls) had a distinctive neural-reactive IgG; 75% of patients' sera contained an IgG specific to myelin basic protein. Seropositivity correlated directly with exposure risk in patients and controls. 17 patients required immunomodulatory therapies, six improved spontaneously, and one was lost to follow-up after exposure stopped. Interpretation The neurological disorder described is autoimmune in origin and is related to occupational exposure to multiple aerosolised porcine brain tissue antigens. The pattern of nerve involvement suggests vulnerability of nerve roots and terminals where the blood-nerve barrier is most permeable. C1 [Lachance, Daniel H.; Lennon, Vanda A.; Pittock, Sean J.; Tracy, Jennifer A.; Dyck, P. James B.] Mayo Clin, Dept Neurol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Lachance, Daniel H.; Lennon, Vanda A.; Pittock, Sean J.; Scheithauer, Bernd W.] Mayo Clin, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Lennon, Vanda A.] Mayo Clin, Dept Immunol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Krecke, Karl N.; Amrami, Kimberly K.] Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Poeschla, Eric M.] Mayo Clin, Dept Mol Med, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Poeschla, Eric M.; Orenstein, Robert] Mayo Clin, Div Infect Dis, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Holzbauer, Stacy; DeVries, Aaron S.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Sejvar, James J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Holzbauer, Stacy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dyck, PJB (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Dept Neurol, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM dyck.pjames@mayo.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Minnesota Department of Health; Mayo Clinic Foundation FX Funding Mayo Clinic Foundation; Minnesota Department of Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 28 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1474-4422 J9 LANCET NEUROL JI Lancet Neurol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 9 IS 1 BP 55 EP 66 DI 10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70296-0 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 538QS UT WOS:000273199700024 PM 19945916 ER PT J AU Bushby, K Finkel, R Birnkrant, DJ Case, LE Clemens, PR Cripe, L Kaul, A Kinnett, K McDonald, C Pandya, S Poysky, J Shapiro, F Tomezsko, J Constantin, C AF Bushby, Katharine Finkel, Richard Birnkrant, David J. Case, Laura E. Clemens, Paula R. Cripe, Linda Kaul, Ajay Kinnett, Kathi McDonald, Craig Pandya, Shree Poysky, James Shapiro, Frederic Tomezsko, Jean Constantin, Carolyn CA DMD Care Considerations Working TI Diagnosis and management of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, part 1: diagnosis, and pharmacological and psychosocial management SO LANCET NEUROLOGY LA English DT Review ID CORTICOSTEROID TREATMENT; HISTOPATHOLOGICAL DATA; MUSCLE BIOPSY; VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION; DEFLAZACORT TREATMENT; PREDNISONE THERAPY; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND; DMD GENE; CHILDREN AB Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe, progressive disease that affects 1 in 3600-6000 live male births. Although guidelines are available for various aspects of DMD, comprehensive clinical care recommendations do not exist. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention selected 84 clinicians to develop care recommendations using the RAND Corporation-University of California Los Angeles Appropriateness Method. The DMD Care Considerations Working Group evaluated assessments and interventions used in the management of diagnostics, gastroenterology and nutrition, rehabilitation, and neuromuscular, psychosocial, cardiovascular, respiratory, orthopaedic, and surgical aspects of DMD. These recommendations, presented in two parts, are intended for the wide range of practitioners who care for individuals with DMD. They provide a framework for recognising the multisystern primary manifestations and secondary complications of DMD and for providing coordinated multidisciplinary care. In part 1 of this Review, we describe the methods used to generate the recommendations, and the overall perspective on care, pharmacological treatment, and psycho,social management. C1 [Bushby, Katharine] Newcastle Univ, Inst Human Genet, Int Ctr Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, Tyne & Wear, England. [Finkel, Richard] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Div Neurol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Tomezsko, Jean] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Div Pulm Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Tomezsko, Jean] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Birnkrant, David J.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Metrohlth Med Ctr, Div Pediat Pulm Med, Cleveland, OH USA. [Case, Laura E.] Duke Univ, Dept Community & Family Med, Div Phys Therapy, Durham, NC USA. [Clemens, Paula R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Neurol Mol Genet & Biochem, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Clemens, Paula R.] Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Cripe, Linda; Kinnett, Kathi] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Kaul, Ajay] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Div Pediat Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [McDonald, Craig] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pandya, Shree] Univ Rochester, Dept Neurol, Rochester, NY USA. [Poysky, James] Baylor Coll Med, Sch Allied Hlth Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Shapiro, Frederic] Childrens Hosp, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Constantin, Carolyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bushby, K (reprint author), Newcastle Univ, Inst Human Genet, Int Ctr Life, Ctr Pkwy, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, Tyne & Wear, England. EM kate.bushby@newcastle.ac.uk OI Koumbourlis, Anastassios/0000-0002-4400-4885; Case, Laura/0000-0002-2941-2186; McDonald, Craig/0000-0002-8779-3220; Sejersen, Thomas/0000-0001-5961-7097 FU Medical Research Council [G0601943] NR 95 TC 505 Z9 535 U1 11 U2 103 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1474-4422 J9 LANCET NEUROL JI Lancet Neurol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 9 IS 1 BP 77 EP 93 DI 10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70271-6 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 538QS UT WOS:000273199700026 PM 19945913 ER PT B AU Deutscher, M Friedman, C AF Deutscher, Meredith Friedman, Cindy BE Mainous, AG Pomeroy, C TI Antibiotic Resistance and Implications for the Appropriate Use of Antimicrobial Agents SO MANAGEMENT OF ANTIMICROBIALS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES: IMPACT OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE, SECOND EDITION SE Infectious Disease LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA; PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; INTENSIVE-CARE UNITS; ANTIFUNGAL SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM; RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; HIV DRUG-RESISTANCE; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA C1 [Deutscher, Meredith; Friedman, Cindy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Deutscher, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mdeutscher@cdc.gov NR 138 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA BN 978-1-60327-238-4 J9 INFECT DIS PY 2010 BP 1 EP 30 DI 10.1007/978-1-60327-239-1_1 D2 10.1007/978-1-60327-239-1 PG 30 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA BNW14 UT WOS:000275721100001 ER PT J AU Braveman, P Marchi, K Egerter, S Kim, S Metzler, M Stancil, T Libet, M AF Braveman, Paula Marchi, Kristen Egerter, Susan Kim, Soowon Metzler, Marilyn Stancil, Tonya Libet, Moreen TI Poverty, Near-Poverty, and Hardship Around the Time of Pregnancy SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE Poverty; Low income; Pregnancy; Stress; Adversity ID LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; AFRICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS; ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE RISK; INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; SOCIAL SUPPORT; PRETERM BIRTH; SOCIOECONOMIC DISPARITIES; PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS AB To describe income levels and the prevalence of major hardships among women during or just before pregnancy. We separately analyzed 2002-2006 population-based postpartum survey data from California's Maternal and Infant Health Assessment (n = 18,332) and 19 states participating in CDC's Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (n = 143,452) to examine income and several hardships (divorce/separation, domestic violence, homelessness, financial difficulties, spouse/partner's or respondent's involuntary job loss or incarceration, and, in California only, food insecurity and no social support) during/just before pregnancy. In both samples, over 30% of women were poor (income a parts per thousand currency sign100% of federal poverty level [FPL]) and 20% near-poor (101-200% FPL); and around 60% of low-income (poor or near-poor) women experienced at least one hardship. While hardship prevalence decreased significantly as income increased, many non-low-income women also experienced hardships; e.g., in California, 43% of all women and 13% with incomes > 400% FPL experienced one or more hardships. These findings paint a disturbing picture of experiences around the time of pregnancy in the United States for many women giving birth and their children, particularly because 60% had previous births. The high prevalence of low income and of serious hardships during pregnancy is of concern, given previous research documenting the adverse health consequences of these experiences and recognition of pregnancy as a critical period for health throughout the life course. Low income and major hardships around the time of pregnancy should be addressed as mainstream U.S. maternal-infant health and social policy issues. C1 [Braveman, Paula; Marchi, Kristen; Egerter, Susan] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Family & Community Med, Ctr Social Dispar Hlth, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Kim, Soowon] Stanford Univ, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Hlth Improvement Program, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Metzler, Marilyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Stancil, Tonya] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Libet, Moreen] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Ctr Family Hlth, Maternal Child & Adolescent Hlth Program, Epidemiol Assessment & Program Dev, Sacramento, CA 94234 USA. RP Braveman, P (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Family & Community Med, Ctr Social Dispar Hlth, 3333 Calif St,Suite 365,Box 0943, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. EM Braveman@fcm.ucsf.edu; MarchiK@fcm.ucsf.edu; EgerterS@fcm.ucsf.edu; soowonkim@comcast.net; marilyn.metzler@cdc.hhs.gov; Tis5@cdc.gov; Moreen.Libet@cdph.ca.gov FU ATSDR CDC HHS [TS-0842] NR 124 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 6 U2 26 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 EI 1573-6628 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 14 IS 1 BP 20 EP 35 DI 10.1007/s10995-008-0427-0 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 537HD UT WOS:000273103000003 PM 19037715 ER PT J AU Gregg, EW Karter, AJ Gerzoff, RB Safford, M Brown, AF Tseng, CW Waitzfielder, B Herman, WH Mangione, CM Selby, JV Thompson, TJ Dudley, RA AF Gregg, Edward W. Karter, Andrew J. Gerzoff, Robert B. Safford, Monika Brown, Arleen F. Tseng, Chien-Wen Waitzfielder, Beth Herman, William H. Mangione, Carol M. Selby, Joseph V. Thompson, Theodore J. Dudley, R. Adams TI Characteristics of Insured Patients With Persistent Gaps in Diabetes Care Services The Translating Research into Action for Diabetes (TRIAD) Study SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE diabetes care; preventive care services; managed care; diabetes ID QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT; UNITED-STATES; MANAGED CARE; INTERMEDIATE OUTCOMES; MULTIPLE IMPUTATION; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; HEALTH; RETINOPATHY; MELLITUS AB Background: Although preventing diabetes complications requires long-term management, little is known about which patients persistently fail to get recommended care. Objective: To determine the frequency and correlates of persistent, long-term gaps in diabetes care. Methods: The study population included 8392 patients with diabetes. Patient surveys and medical records from 10 health plans over 3 years provided data on socioeconomic characteristics, access to care, social Support, and mental and physical health, and diabetes preventive care services. We defined a "persistent gap" as a participant's missing a preventive care service for the entire 3 years. Services considered included hemoglobin Alc, cholesterol, and albuminuria tests, and foot and dilated eye examinations. Results: Thirty percent of participants had at least 1 persistent gap. The most common gaps were lipid testing (11.6%), microalburninuria testing (9.7%), and eye examinations (9.0%). Persistent gaps were 18% to 42% higher for Young patients, lean persons, those with low income, employed persons, smokers, those with diabetes less than 5 years, and patients with none or 1 comorbid conditions. Sex, education, marital status, family demands, transportation, trust in physicians, and mental health were not associated with gaps in care. Conclusions: Persistent gaps in diabetes care are common even among insured patients. Patients with lower incorne, Younger age, fewer years of diabetes, having fewer comorbidities, taking fewer medications, and poor health behaviors are vulnerable to persistent gaps in care and a group who warrant targeted interventions to improve preventive diabetes care. C1 [Gregg, Edward W.; Gerzoff, Robert B.; Thompson, Theodore J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Karter, Andrew J.; Selby, Joseph V.] Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Safford, Monika] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Prevent Med, Birmingham, AL USA. [Brown, Arleen F.; Mangione, Carol M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Tseng, Chien-Wen] Univ Hawaii, Dept Family Med & Community Hlth, Manoa, HI USA. [Tseng, Chien-Wen; Waitzfielder, Beth] Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA. [Herman, William H.] Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Dudley, R. Adams] Univ Calif San Francisco, Philip R Lee Inst Hlth Policy Studies, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Gregg, EW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-10, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM edg7@cdc.gov FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U58 DP002641]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK081796] NR 33 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 EI 1537-1948 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD JAN PY 2010 VL 48 IS 1 BP 31 EP 37 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 537YD UT WOS:000273149500006 PM 20009778 ER PT S AU Advani, A Turuvekere, AM Liu, CN Rubin, K Lamer, C Cullen, T AF Advani, Aneel Turuvekere, Aarti M. Liu, Conan Rubin, Ken Lamer, Chris Cullen, Theresa BE Safran, C Reti, S Marin, HF TI Design and Assessment of a Common, Multi-National Public Health Informatics Infrastructure to Enable H1N1 Influenza Surveillance SO MEDINFO 2010, PTS I AND II SE Studies in Health Technology and Informatics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th World Congress on Medical and Health Informatics of International-Medical-Informatics-Association (Medinfo) CY SEP 12-15, 2010 CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA SP Int Med Informat Assoc DE Semantic interoperability; Crosswalk; Public health informatics; H1N1; Surveillance; Electronic health record; EHR; Open health tools; OHT; Open source software AB Public health organizations in different nations face similar needs for gathering and analyzing population health data to detect and manage infectious disease outbreaks, including outbreaks of the 2009 Novel H1N1 Influenza A virus or "swine flu." This paper presents our progress to date on the design and assessment of a multi-national public health informatics infrastructure for data collection and disease surveillance. This initial work, under the aegis of an open health tools collaborative, lays the foundation for best practices in patient care and public health preparedness in the national health IT sector. This multinational collaboration is the first to identify essential electronic health record (EHR) data sets as well as standard public health informatics indicators to electronically monitor a notifiable public health condition internationally. C1 [Advani, Aneel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Publ Hlth Informat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Turuvekere, Aarti M.] Serco Inc, Indian Hlth Serv, Natl Programs, Off Informat Technol, Tucson, AZ USA. [Liu, Conan] Off Hlth Protect, Dept Hlth & Ageing, Vaccine Preventable Dis Surveillance Sect, Surveillance Branch, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Rubin, Ken] Fed Healthcare Portfolio HP Enterprise Serv, Falls Church, VA USA. [Lamer, Chris] Indian Hlth Serv, Natl Programs, Off Informat Technol, Cherokee, NC USA. [Cullen, Theresa] Indian Hlth Serv, Off Informat Technol, Natl Programs, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Advani, A (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Publ Hlth Informat, 2500 Century Pkwy,Mailstop E-78, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ieb4@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-9630 BN 978-1-60750-588-4 J9 STUD HEALTH TECHNOL PY 2010 VL 160 BP 452 EP 456 DI 10.3233/978-1-60750-588-4-452 PG 5 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics GA BG8CS UT WOS:000392215900089 PM 20841727 ER PT J AU Stephenson, MR Byrne, DC Ohin, DW Murphy, WJ Chandler, DW Davis, RR Allen, JR Danielson, RW AF Stephenson, Mark R. Byrne, David C. Ohin, Douglas W. Murphy, William J. Chandler, David W. Davis, Rickie R. Allen, John R. Danielson, Richard W. TI Perspectives on "Efficacy of the US Army Policy on Hearing Conservation Programs" SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Stephenson, Mark R.; Murphy, William J.; Davis, Rickie R.] NIOSH, Hearing Loss Prevent Team, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Ohin, Douglas W.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Bel Air, MD 21014 USA. [Chandler, David W.] Dept Vet Affairs, Rehabil Serv, Washington, DC 20420 USA. [Allen, John R.] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Danielson, Richard W.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Stephenson, MR (reprint author), NIOSH, Hearing Loss Prevent Team, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,Mailstop C-27, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RI Davis, Rickie/A-3186-2008 NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 175 IS 1 BP XII EP XVI PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 582GN UT WOS:000276584800004 PM 20108834 ER PT S AU Johnson, RE Berman, SM AF Johnson, Robert E. Berman, Stuart M. BE Kramer, A Kretzschmar, M Krickeberg, K TI Sexual Transmission: Chlamydia trachomatis SO MODERN INFECTIOUS DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY: CONCEPTS, METHODS, MATHEMATICAL MODELS AND PUBLIC HEALTH SE Statistics for Biology and Health LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; DELIVERED PARTNER MEDICATION; FAMILY-PLANNING CLINICS; JOB-TRAINING PROGRAM; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; UNITED-STATES; TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; SCREENING-PROGRAMS C1 [Johnson, Robert E.; Berman, Stuart M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Johnson, RE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rej1@cdc.gov; smb1@cdc.gov NR 115 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 1431-8776 BN 978-0-387-93834-9 J9 STAT BIOL HEALTH JI Stat. Biol. Health PY 2010 BP 357 EP 380 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-93835-6_20 PG 24 WC Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Statistics & Probability SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics GA BMP76 UT WOS:000273298000020 ER PT B AU Schultz, AC Vinje, J Norrung, B AF Schultz, Anna Charlotte Vinje, Jan Norrung, Birgit BE Liu, D TI Noroviruses SO MOLECULAR DETECTION OF FOODBORNE PATHOGENS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HEPATITIS-A-VIRUS; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS; NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; ROUND-STRUCTURED VIRUSES; HUMAN ENTERIC VIRUSES; TIME RT-PCR; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; INFECTIOUS NONBACTERIAL GASTROENTERITIS; NATURALLY CONTAMINATED SHELLFISH C1 [Schultz, Anna Charlotte] DTU, Natl Food Inst, Soborg, Denmark. [Vinje, Jan] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Norrung, Birgit] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Frederiksberg C, Denmark. RP Schultz, AC (reprint author), DTU, Natl Food Inst, Soborg, Denmark. NR 145 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-7644-8; 978-1-4200-7643-1 PY 2010 BP 75 EP 89 PG 15 WC Food Science & Technology; Virology SC Food Science & Technology; Virology GA BC7OS UT WOS:000355127100007 ER PT B AU Feng, YY Xiao, LH AF Feng, Yaoyu Xiao, Lihua BE Liu, D TI Giardia SO MOLECULAR DETECTION OF FOODBORNE PATHOGENS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM; GLUTAMATE-DEHYDROGENASE LOCUS; EPITHELIAL BARRIER FUNCTION; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM OOCYSTS; WASTE-WATER; ZOONOTIC TRANSMISSION; FOODBORNE GIARDIASIS; PROTOZOAN PARASITES C1 [Feng, Yaoyu] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resource & Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Feng, YY (reprint author), E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resource & Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. NR 112 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-7644-8; 978-1-4200-7643-1 PY 2010 BP 701 EP 716 PG 16 WC Food Science & Technology; Virology SC Food Science & Technology; Virology GA BC7OS UT WOS:000355127100051 ER PT J AU Unger, ER Nitta, H Lee, DR Grogan, TM AF Unger, Elizabeth R. Nitta, Hiroaki Lee, Daisy R. Grogan, Thomas M. BE Grody, WW Nakamura, RM Strom, CM Kiechle, FL TI In Situ Hybridization: Principles and Applications SO MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS: TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS FOR THE CLINICAL LABORATORY, 1ST EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HER2 GENE AMPLIFICATION; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; BREAST-CANCER; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; TISSUE-SECTIONS; ROBOTIC WORKSTATION; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY; SPECIMENS; ASSAY; FISH C1 [Unger, Elizabeth R.; Lee, Daisy R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nitta, Hiroaki; Grogan, Thomas M.] Ventana Med Syst Inc, Tucson, AZ 85755 USA. RP Unger, ER (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. OI Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-091904-1 PY 2010 BP 71 EP 79 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-369428-7.00007-0 PG 9 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology GA BES80 UT WOS:000317968500008 ER PT B AU Shafer, WM Folster, JP Nicholas, RA AF Shafer, William M. Folster, Jason P. Nicholas, Robert A. BE Genco, CA Wetzler, L TI Molecular Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance Expressed by the Pathogenic Neisseriae SO NEISSERIA: MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ENCODED EFFLUX PUMP; MEDIATED PENICILLIN RESISTANCE; LEVEL TETRACYCLINE RESISTANCE; CONJUGATIVE TRANSPOSON TN916; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; REDUCED SUSCEPTIBILITY; DECREASED SUSCEPTIBILITY; BINDING PROTEIN-2; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CELL-ENVELOPE AB Diseases caused by the pathogenic Neisseria (N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis) have been successfully treated with antibiotics for the past 70 years. However, a disturbing trend worldwide is the increasing prevalence of strains with resistance to inexpensive and widely available antibiotics (e.g. penicillin, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin) and the emergence of strains exhibiting decreased susceptibility to effective antibiotics that are expensive and not always available (e.g. third-generation cephalosporins and the newer macrolides). Given the global nature of gonococcal and meningococcal diseases, the worldwide distribution of antibiotics, differing social practices in controlling and monitoring antibiotic availability, and geographical differences in treatment regimens, it is likely that the global problem of antibiotic resistance will continue (and worsen) in the foreseeable future. By understanding the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in gonococci and meningococci, resistance to antibiotics currently in clinical practice can be anticipated and the design of novel antimicrobials to circumvent this problem can be undertaken more rationally. Herein, we review the genetic and physiologic basis by which the pathogenic Neisseria developed resistance to historically important antibiotics and how resistance to newer antibiotics is emerging. C1 [Shafer, William M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Folster, Jason P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Syst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nicholas, Robert A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pharmacol, Chapel Hill Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Shafer, WM (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM wshafer@emory.edu; gux8@cdc.org; nicholas@med.unc.edu NR 128 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-904455-51-6 PY 2010 BP 245 EP 268 PG 24 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BMU20 UT WOS:000273572000013 ER PT J AU Christensen, KLY Holman, RC Hammett, TA Belay, ED Schonberger, LB AF Christensen, Krista L. Yorita Holman, Robert C. Hammett, Teresa A. Belay, Ermias D. Schonberger, Lawrence B. TI Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Deaths in the USA, 1979-2005 SO NEUROEPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; HIV; AIDS; Infectious disease; Mortality ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; UNITED-STATES; INFECTED PATIENTS; HIV-INFECTION; JC VIRUS; ERA; SURVIVAL; PROGNOSIS; COHORT; HAART AB Background: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a neurological disease most often seen among immunosuppressed patients. The incidence of PML increased with an increasing incidence of HIV/AIDS. We describe recent trends and the epidemiology of PML-associated death in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods: National multiple-cause-of-death data for the USA were used to identify records with PML listed as a cause of death during 1979-2005. Age-adjusted PML-associated death rates were calculated overall and by sex, race, region and HIV status. Results: The PML-associated death rates peaked in the mid-1990s and decreased from 2.76 deaths per 1 million persons in 1992-1995 to 0.66 in 2002-2005. This decrease was mainly due to a decreasing death rate among PML decedents with HIV diagnosis, males and those aged 20-49 years at death. A decline in death rate was also seen among PML decedents without HIV diagnosis, although this trend was not significant. Decedents in the latter time period were more often female, and older. The proportion of HIV-associated deaths from PML decreased between 1992-1995 (1.4%) and 2002-2005 (1.0%). Conclusion: PML mortality has decreased significantly since 1996 when HAART became the standard of care in the USA. This decline likely reflects increased survival among HIV-positive persons who receive HAART. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Christensen, Krista L. Yorita; Holman, Robert C.; Hammett, Teresa A.; Belay, Ermias D.; Schonberger, Lawrence B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hammett, TA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, US Dept HHS, MS A-39, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM THammett@cdc.gov RI Belay, Ermias/A-8829-2013 NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0251-5350 J9 NEUROEPIDEMIOLOGY JI Neuroepidemiology PY 2010 VL 35 IS 3 BP 178 EP 184 DI 10.1159/000311014 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Clinical Neurology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 665DW UT WOS:000283016400004 PM 20664291 ER PT J AU Cao, Y Chen, AM Jones, RL Radcliffe, J Caldwell, KL Dietrich, KN Rogan, WJ AF Cao, Yang Chen, Aimin Jones, Robert L. Radcliffe, Jerilynn Caldwell, Kathleen L. Dietrich, Kim N. Rogan, Walter J. TI Does background postnatal methyl mercury exposure in toddlers affect cognition and behavior? SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Methylmercury; Lead; Children; Neuropsychological tests; Postnatal exposure ID SEYCHELLES CHILD-DEVELOPMENT; METHYLMERCURY EXPOSURE; FETAL METHYLMERCURY; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; BLOOD; AGE; COHORT; ENVIRONMENT; HEALTH; AUTISM AB Because the toxicological effects of mercury (Hg) are more serious in the developing central nervous system of children than adults, there are growing concerns about prenatal and early childhood Hg exposure. This study examined postnatal methylmercury (MeHg) exposure and cognition and behavior in 780 children enrolled in the Treatment of Lead (Pb)-exposed Children clinical trial (TLC) with 396 children allocated to the succimer and 384 to the placebo groups. Mercury exposure was determined from analyses of blood drawn I week before randomization and 1 week after treatment began when succimer had its maximal effect on blood Pb (PbB). The baseline MeHg concentrations were 0.54 mu g/L and 0.52 mu g/L and post-treatment concentrations were 0.51 mu g/L and 0.48 mu g/L for placebo and succimer groups, respectively. Because the baseline characteristics in the two groups were balanced and because succimer had little effect on MeHg concentration and no effect on the cognitive or behavioral test scores, the groups were combined in the analysis of MeHg and neurodevelopment. The children's IQ and neurobehavioral performance were tested at age 2, 5 and 7 years. We saw weak, non-significant but consistently positive associations between blood MeHg and IQ test scores in stratified, spline regression and generalized linear model data analyses. The behavioral problem scores were constant or decreased slightly with increasing MeHg concentration. Additional adjustment for PbB levels in multivariable models did not alter the conclusion for MeHg and IQ scores, but did confirm that concurrent PbB was strongly associated with IQ and behavior in TLC children. The effects of MeHg on neurodevelopmental indices did not substantially differ by PbB strata. We conclude that at the present background postnatal MeHg exposure levels of US children, adverse effects on children's IQ and behavior are not detectable. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Dietrich, Kim N.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Coll Med, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Cao, Yang; Rogan, Walter J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Chen, Aimin] Creighton Univ, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Sch Med, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Jones, Robert L.; Caldwell, Kathleen L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Organ Analyt Toxicol Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Radcliffe, Jerilynn] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Radcliffe, Jerilynn] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Dietrich, KN (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Coll Med, 3223 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. EM kim.dietrich@uc.edu RI Rogan, Walter/I-6034-2012 OI Rogan, Walter/0000-0002-9302-0160 FU NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 39 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD JAN PY 2010 VL 31 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2009.10.017 PG 9 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 556SE UT WOS:000274611000001 PM 19969021 ER PT J AU Kardous, CA Morata, TC AF Kardous, Chucri A. Morata, Thais C. TI Occupational and recreational noise exposures at stock car racing circuits: An exploratory survey of three professional race tracks SO NOISE CONTROL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID HEARING PROTECTION; MOTORCYCLISTS AB Noise in stock car racing is accepted as a normal occurrence but the exposure levels associated with the sport have not been adequately characterized. Researchers from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted an exploratory assessment of noise exposures to drivers, racing team members, and spectators at three stock car racing events. Sound level measurements were conducted using sound level meters, personal noise dosimeters, and a digital audio tape recorder that made sound recordings for later laboratory analysis. Area sound level measurements were made during race preparation, practice, qualification, and competition. Personal dosimetry measurements were conducted on drivers, team members, and spectators. Findings showed time-weighted averages (TWA) that ranged from A-weighted 96 decibels (dBA) for a spectator in the stands during a race to 114 dBA for a driver inside a car during practice. Peak sound pressure levels exceeded the maximum allowable limit of 140 dB during race competitions. Personal exposure measurements exceeded the NIOSH recommended exposure limit of 85 dBA as an 8-hr TWA in less than a minute for one driver during practice, within several minutes for team members, and less than one hour for spectators during the race. Hearing protection use was variable and intermittent among team members and spectators. Among drivers and team members, there was greater concern for communication performance than for hearing protection. (C) 2010 Institute of Noise Control Engineering. C1 [Kardous, Chucri A.; Morata, Thais C.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Kardous, CA (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM ckardous@cdc.gov RI Morata, Thais/A-6848-2009 NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU INST NOISE CONTROL ENGINEERING PI AMES PA IOWA STATE UNIV, COLLEGE ENGINEERING, 212 MARSTON HALL, AMES, IA 50011-2152 USA SN 0736-2501 J9 NOISE CONTROL ENG J JI Noise Control Eng. J. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 58 IS 1 BP 54 EP 61 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 591UX UT WOS:000277331600007 ER PT J AU Kuklina, EV Callaghan, WM AF Kuklina, Elena V. Callaghan, William M. TI Cardiomyopathy and Other Myocardial Disorders Among Hospitalizations for Pregnancy in the United States 2004-2006 SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEVERE OBSTETRIC MORBIDITY; PERIPARTUM CARDIOMYOPATHY; MORTALITY; HEART AB OBJECTIVES: To estimate the rate of pregnancy hospitalizations for women with two groups of myocardial disorders, cardiomyopathy and other myocardial disorders, and report the rate of severe obstetric complications among these hospitalizations in delivery and postpartum periods. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study using 14,323,731 hospitalizations for pregnancy identified from the 2004-2006 Nationwide Inpatient Sample of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. We reported rates of pregnancy hospitalizations with cardiomyopathy and other myocardial disorders per 1,000 deliveries and rates of severe complications per 1,000 hospitalizations during delivery and postpartum periods by myocardial disease status. We compared these rates by using chi(2) tests with adjustment of P values for multiple comparisons using the Bonferroni method. RESULTS: Among all pregnancy hospitalizations, the overall prevalence of hospitalizations with myocardial disorders was 1.33 per 1,000 deliveries. The rate of pregnancy hospitalizations with cardiomyopathy was 0.46 per 1,000 deliveries (0.18 for apparent peripartum cardiomyopathy and 0.28 for other cardiomyopathies). The rate of pregnancy hospitalizations with other myocardial disorders was 0.87 per 1,000 deliveries. Myocardial disorders were rare during delivery hospitalizations (0-01%) but not uncommon among postpartum hospitalizations (4.2%). Among hospitalizations with myocardial disorders, the rate of severe complications ranged from 13.2 for acute myocardial infarction to 128.6 for adult respiratory distress syndrome and from 10.7 for pulmonary edema to 193.0 for fluid and electrolyte disorders per 1,000 delivery and postpartum hospitalizations, respectively. Among hospitalizations without myocardial disorders, the rate of severe complications ranged from 0.07 to 1.9 and from 0.4 to 65.5 for cardiac arrest and for fluid and electrolyte disorders per 1,000 hospitalizations, in delivery and postpartum periods, respectively. CONCLUSION: Although only a minority of hospitalizations for cardiomyopathy are consistent with peripartum cardiomyopathy, cardiomyopathy and other myocardial disorders are important contributors to severe obstetric complications. C1 [Kuklina, Elena V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kuklina, EV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop K-37, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ekuklina@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 115 IS 1 BP 93 EP 100 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 540FU UT WOS:000273317500015 PM 20027040 ER PT S AU Henneberger, PK Redlich, CA AF Henneberger, Paul K. Redlich, Carrie A. BE Sigsgaard, T Heederik, D TI Work-exacerbated asthma SO OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA SE Progress in Inflammation Research Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WORKPLACE EXACERBATION; OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; RISK-FACTORS; SYMPTOMS; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; SURVEILLANCE; MANAGEMENT; CALIFORNIA; MORBIDITY AB Exposures at work can contribute to both the onset and exacerbation of asthma. This chapter summarizes key information regarding work-exacerbated asthma (WEA), a common condition that has received little attention compared to new occupational asthma. WEA refers to pre-existing or concurrent asthma that is worsened by factors at work. WEA, as with asthma in general, is heterogeneous, with multiple phenotypes and triggers. The prevalence of WEA has ranged from about 15% to over 50% among working adults with asthma in published studies, but is rarely diagnosed by clinicians. WEA occurs in a wide range of industries and occupations, including education, services, manufacturing and construction, and can lead to job changes and unemployment. Multiple factors at work can exacerbate asthma, including various irritants, allergens, molds, cold and exertion. Cleaning products and building renovation in non-industrial workplaces such as schools and offices are commonly implicated. WEA can lead to substantial adverse outcomes, similar to OA. Management of WEA should focus on reducing work exposures and optimizing standard medical management. C1 [Henneberger, Paul K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Redlich, Carrie A.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. RP Henneberger, PK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, MS H2800,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM pkh0@cdc.gov; carrie.redlich@yale.edu NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1422-7746 BN 978-3-7643-8555-2 J9 PROG INFLAMM RES SER JI Prog. Inflamm. Res. PY 2010 BP 89 EP 100 DI 10.1007/978-3-7643-8556-9_6 D2 10.1007/978-3-7643-8556-9 PG 12 WC Allergy; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Research & Experimental Medicine; Respiratory System GA BPI66 UT WOS:000278931100006 ER PT S AU Schlunssen, V Meijer, E Henneberger, PK AF Schlunssen, Vivi Meijer, Evert Henneberger, Paul K. BE Sigsgaard, T Heederik, D TI Prevention of work-related asthma seen from the workplace and the public health perspective SO OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA SE Progress in Inflammation Research Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LABORATORY-ANIMAL WORKERS; NATURAL-RUBBER LATEX; WOOD-DUST EXPOSURE; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT ALLERGENS; ALPHA-AMYLASE ALLERGENS; DENTAL SCHOOL STUDENTS; OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; DETERGENT INDUSTRY; BAKERS ASTHMA; WHEAT-FLOUR AB Work-related asthma (WRA) includes occupational asthma and work-exacerbated asthma. WRA is by definition preventable. This chapter discusses available tools for prevention of WRA, divided into primary and secondary prevention. For each tool, the available evidence for the effectiveness of the tool is summarized, and examples are provided. Primary prevention addresses healthy workers or persons with asthma due to causes unrelated to work. The principal tool is control of occupational exposure, reached by elimination or reduction in exposure, but vocational guidance and pre-employment screening are also regarded as primary prevention tools. Secondary prevention addresses early detection of work-related sensitization or WRA to prevent further progression. The principal tool for secondary prevention is medical surveillance. Prediction models represent a promising new tool in medical surveillance; this tool is described here in general and by an example. To set priorities for the prevention of WRA, the monitoring of occurrence in populations as well as in specific industries is crucial, and this chapter therefore briefly describes different sources for surveillance data including sentinel reporting systems, population studies, and occupational disease registers. In the future, focus should be on well-conducted intervention studies, improved exposure assessment, improved medical surveillance (e.g., using prediction models) and good quality national surveillance programs. C1 [Schlunssen, Vivi] Aarhus Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Med, Sch Publ Hlth, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Meijer, Evert] Univ Utrecht, Div Environm & Occupat Hlth, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, IRAS, NL-3508 TD Utrecht, Netherlands. [Henneberger, Paul K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Resp Dis Studies, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Schlunssen, V (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Med, Sch Publ Hlth, Bartholin Alle 2, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. EM vs@mil.au.dk; pkh0@cdc.gov NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1422-7746 BN 978-3-7643-8555-2 J9 PROG INFLAMM RES SER JI Prog. Inflamm. Res. PY 2010 BP 281 EP 298 DI 10.1007/978-3-7643-8556-9_16 D2 10.1007/978-3-7643-8556-9 PG 18 WC Allergy; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Research & Experimental Medicine; Respiratory System GA BPI66 UT WOS:000278931100016 ER PT J AU Benzekri, N Goldman, E Lewis, F Johnson, CC Reynolds, SM Reynolds, MG Damon, IK AF Benzekri, Noelle Goldman, Erinn Lewis, Felicia Johnson, Carolyn C. Reynolds, Stanley M. Reynolds, Mary G. Damon, Inger K. TI Laboratory worker knowledge, attitudes and practices towards smallpox vaccine SO OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE-OXFORD LA English DT Article DE Knowledge attitudes and practices; smallpox vaccine; vaccinia virus; WR-vaccinia ID ACCIDENTAL INFECTION; VIRUS; GENE AB Background Recent cases of laboratory-acquired vaccinia virus (W) infection highlight the need for laboratory safety. Aims To determine laboratory worker adherence to the Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices smallpox vaccination recommendations, assess potential barriers to vaccination and determine the influence of training on laboratory worker attitudes. Methods Ninety-two laboratory workers in Pennsylvania were contacted and asked to complete an online survey about W usage; 45 responded. Results Eighty-seven per cent had received a smallpox vaccination in their lifetime; 73% received vaccination in the past 10 years. More workers had been given training regarding the potential risks, versus the potential benefits of vaccination, and most perceived that adverse outcomes were more likely to occur following vaccination versus accidental infection. Conclusions. The results of this study suggest that the main barrier to vaccination maybe fear associated. with possible vaccine adverse effects and a willingness to risk accidental infection rather than be vaccinated. More information and training about the potential benefits of vaccination, as well as the potential adverse outcomes associated with accidental infection, is therefore warranted. C1 [Benzekri, Noelle; Goldman, Erinn; Reynolds, Mary G.; Damon, Inger K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Benzekri, Noelle; Goldman, Erinn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lewis, Felicia; Johnson, Carolyn C.] Philadelphia Dept Hlth, Div Dis Control, Philadelphia, PA 19146 USA. [Reynolds, Stanley M.] Penn Dept Hlth, Bur Labs, Lionville, PA 19341 USA. RP Reynolds, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop G-43, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nzr6@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Funding to pay the Open Access publication charges for this article was provided by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0962-7480 J9 OCCUP MED-OXFORD JI Occup. Med.-Oxf. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 60 IS 1 BP 75 EP 77 DI 10.1093/occmed/kqp120 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 552LD UT WOS:000274290800015 PM 19864445 ER PT S AU Ahadin, HG Pohl, HR AF Ahadin, Henry G. Pohl, Hana R. BE Sigel, A Sigel, H Sigel, RKO TI Alkyllead Compounds and Their Environmental Toxicology SO ORGANOMETALLICS IN ENVIRONMENT AND TOXICOLOGY SE Metal Ions in Life Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE alkyllead; gasoline additives; neurotoxicity; pollution decrease ID ORGANOLEAD MANUFACTURING WORKERS; BLOOD LEAD LEVELS; TETRAETHYL LEAD; INORGANIC LEAD; REDUCING LEAD; EXPOSURE; PRESSURE; GASOLINE; ABSORPTION; CHILDREN AB Alkyllead compounds are man-made compounds in which a carbon atom of one or more organic molecules is bound to a lead atom. Tetraethyl lead and tetramethyllead are the most common alkyllead compounds that were used primarily as gasoline additives for many years. Consequently, auto emissions have accounted for a major part of lead environmental pollution. Alkyl lead compounds can readily enter living organisms as they are well absorbed via all major routes of entry. Because of their lipid solubility, the alkylleads can also readily cross the blood-brain barrier. The toxicokinetic information on organic lead can be used as biomarkers of exposure for monitoring. exposed individuals. The organic alkyllead compounds are more toxic than the inorganic forms of lead. Neurotoxicity is the predominant effect of lead (both for organic and inorganic forms), although lead affects almost every organ of the body. The use of alkyllead compounds has declined over the last 20 years, due to the worldwide effort to eliminate the use of leaded gasoline. This achievement can be viewed as a great accomplishment of public health preventive measures. C1 [Ahadin, Henry G.; Pohl, Hana R.] US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ahadin, HG (reprint author), US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hrp1@cdc.gov NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1559-0836 BN 978-1-84755-177-1 J9 METAL IONS LIFE SCI PY 2010 VL 7 BP 153 EP 164 DI 10.1039/9781849730822-00153 D2 10.1039/9781849730822 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BNX71 UT WOS:000275827500005 ER PT J AU Dawson-Hughes, B Looker, AC Tosteson, ANA Johansson, H Kanis, JA Melton, LJ AF Dawson-Hughes, B. Looker, A. C. Tosteson, A. N. A. Johansson, H. Kanis, J. A. Melton, L. J., III TI The potential impact of new National Osteoporosis Foundation guidance on treatment patterns SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE National Osteoporosis Foundation Clinician's Guide; Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis risk factors; Prevalence; Treatment eligibility +/- population-based study ID UNITED-STATES; HIP FRACTURE; TRENDS; PREVALENCE; WOMEN; OLDER; MEN; POPULATION; ARTHRITIS; ADULTS AB This analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III data describes the prevalence of risk factors for osteoporosis and the proportions of men and postmenopausal women age 50 years and older who are candidates for treatment to lower fracture risk, according to the new FRAXA (R)-based National Osteoporosis Foundation Clinician's Guide. Little information is available on prevalence of osteoporosis risk factors or proportions of US men and women who are potential candidates for treatment. The prevalence of risk factors used in the new National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF) FRAXA (R)-based Guide to the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis was estimated using data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Risk factors not measured in NHANES III were simulated using World Health Organization cohorts. The proportion of US men and postmenopausal women age 50+ years who are treatment candidates by the new NOF Guide were calculated; for non-Hispanic white (NHW) women, the proportion eligible by the new NOF Guide was compared with that based on an earlier NOF Guide. Twenty percent of men and 37% of women were potential candidates for treatment to prevent fractures by the new NOF Guide. Among NHW women, 53% were potential candidates by the previous NOF Guide compared with 41% by the new guide. One fifth of men and 37% of postmenopausal women are eligible for osteoporosis treatment consideration by the new NOF Guide. However, fewer NHW women are eligible by the new guide than by the previous NOF Guide. C1 [Dawson-Hughes, B.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Looker, A. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Tosteson, A. N. A.] Dartmouth Med Sch, Multidisciplinary Clin Res Ctr Musculoskeletal Di, Lebanon, NH USA. [Tosteson, A. N. A.] Dartmouth Med Sch, Dartmouth Inst Hlth Policy & Clin Practice, Lebanon, NH USA. [Johansson, H.; Kanis, J. A.] Univ Sheffield, Sch Med, WHO Collaborating Ctr Metab Bone Dis, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Melton, L. J., III] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Div Epidemiol, Rochester, MN USA. RP Dawson-Hughes, B (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM bess.dawson-hughes@tufts.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [P30 CA023108]; NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG012262] NR 32 TC 52 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI ARTINGTON PA ASHBOURNE HOUSE, THE GUILDWAY, OLD PORTSMOUTH ROAD, ARTINGTON GU3 1LP, GUILDFORD, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 21 IS 1 BP 41 EP 52 DI 10.1007/s00198-009-1034-7 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 527LB UT WOS:000272367500005 PM 19705046 ER PT J AU Wang, YL Feng, YY Cui, B Jian, FC Ning, CS Wang, RJ Zhang, LX Xiao, LH AF Wang, Yongli Feng, Yaoyu Cui, Bin Jian, Fuchun Ning, Changshen Wang, Rongjun Zhang, Longxian Xiao, Lihua TI Cervine genotype is the major Cryptosporidium genotype in sheep in China SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; UNITED-KINGDOM; PROTOZOAN PARASITES; PARVUM INFECTION; SOURCE TRACKING; PUBLIC-HEALTH; GOAT KIDS; NEW-YORK; PREVALENCE; GIARDIA AB To identify Cryptosporidium species/genotypes in sheep in China and to elucidate the endemic transmission of cryptosporidiosis, a total of 1,701 fecal samples from five farms in four prefectures in Henan Province (central China) were examined. Eighty-two Cryptosporidium-positive samples were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene and PCR analysis of the 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene, and 41 were further analyzed by DNA sequencing of the PCR products. The SSU rRNA-based PCR identified two Cryptosporidium species and one genotype, including the Cryptosporidium cervine genotype (74/82), Cryptosporidium andersoni (4/82), and Cryptosporidium xiaoi (4/82). The cervine genotype was found in all age groups, C. xiaoi in lambs, and C. andersoni in ewes. There were intragenetic differences in the SSU rRNA gene sequences of the Cryptosporidium cervine genotype and C. xiaoi. No Cryptosporidium parvum was detected by both SSU rRNA- and gp60-based PCR assays. These findings suggest that sheep are a potential source for zoonotic infections of the Cryptosporidium cervine genotype. C1 [Wang, Yongli; Cui, Bin; Jian, Fuchun; Ning, Changshen; Wang, Rongjun; Zhang, Longxian] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. [Feng, Yaoyu] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resource & Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Zhang, LX (reprint author), Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. EM zhanglx8999@yahoo.com.cn; lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Feng, Yaoyu/B-3076-2014 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30771881, 30871863, 30928019]; Henan Province Great Special Fund of Public Welfare [2008-145]; Ministry of Health Special Funds of Public Sector Research [200808012] FX This study was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (number 30771881, 30871863, and 30928019), Henan Province Great Special Fund of Public Welfare (Henan Province Financial Administration number 2008-145), and Ministry of Health Special Funds of Public Sector Research (number 200808012). We thank Professors Tengyun Gao, Ming Li, and Feng Lin for their assistance in sample collection. We also thank Heping Dong, Qingbin Lu, Gengqu Gao, Chaofeng Ma, and Ke Shi for technical assistance. NR 43 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 3 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 106 IS 2 BP 341 EP 347 DI 10.1007/s00436-009-1664-x PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 536HH UT WOS:000273035000005 PM 19904561 ER PT J AU Gatcombe, RR Jothikumar, N Dangoudoubiyam, S Kazacos, KR Hill, VR AF Gatcombe, Rachel R. Jothikumar, Narayanan Dangoudoubiyam, Sriveny Kazacos, Kevin R. Hill, Vincent R. TI Evaluation of a molecular beacon real-time PCR assay for detection of Baylisascaris procyonis in different soil types and water samples SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID LARVA MIGRANS; RACCOON; EGGS; ENCEPHALITIS; CALIFORNIA AB Baylisascaris procyonis is a helminth parasite commonly found in North American raccoons (Procyon lotor) that is a cause of clinical neural, ocular, and visceral larva migrans in humans when infective eggs are ingested. Rapid detection of B. procyonis eggs in contaminated soil and water would assist public health analysts in evaluating risks associated with public exposure to areas of known raccoon activity. In this study, a molecular beacon probe-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed to enable rapid and specific detection of eggs of Baylisascaris spp. The molecular beacon assay targeted the cytochrome oxidase subunit 2 (cox-2) gene of B. procyonis. To determine method sensitivity, experiments testing various egg levels (250, 25, and five eggs) were performed by seeding into 0.5-g soil samples or 0.5-mL water samples. Different soil sample types were extracted using a commercial nucleic acid extraction kit. Specificity testing using previously characterized helminth tissue specimens indicated that the assay was specific to Baylisascaris spp. Little real-time PCR inhibition was observed for most of the soil and water samples. A seed level of 250 eggs was detected for all soil types, and two seed levels (25 and five eggs) were detected for surface water samples. These results demonstrate that the reported real-time PCR assay was effective for the sensitive detection of B. procyonis in a wide range of soil types, and should be a useful tool for investigations of soil or water potentially contaminated with eggs of this parasite. C1 [Gatcombe, Rachel R.; Jothikumar, Narayanan; Hill, Vincent R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Gatcombe, Rachel R.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. [Dangoudoubiyam, Sriveny; Kazacos, Kevin R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Comparat Pathobiol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Hill, VR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-36, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vhill@cdc.gov RI Hill, Vincent/G-1789-2012 OI Hill, Vincent/0000-0001-7069-7737 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Coordinating Office for Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response FX The authors thank Brian Schumacher (USEPA/NERL) for assistance in providing soil panel specimens for this study. This publication was supported in part by funds made available through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Coordinating Office for Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response. The use of trade names and names of commercial sources is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the US Department of Health and Human Services. The findings and conclusions in this presentation are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Experiments performed for this study comply with the current laws of the USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 106 IS 2 BP 499 EP 504 DI 10.1007/s00436-009-1692-6 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 536HH UT WOS:000273035000025 PM 19956972 ER PT J AU Akinbami, LJ Parker, JD Merkle, S AF Akinbami, Lara J. Parker, Jennifer D. Merkle, Sarah TI Factors Associated with School Absence Among Children with Symptomatic Asthma, United States, 2002-2003 SO PEDIATRIC ALLERGY IMMUNOLOGY AND PULMONOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INADEQUATE THERAPY; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; SMOKE EXPOSURE; PERFORMANCE; SEVERITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ABSENTEEISM; MANAGEMENT; ATTENDANCE; MEDICAID AB Children with asthma miss nearly 13 million school days annually due to asthma. We sought to examine risk factors for asthma-related school absence among children with symptomatic asthma to discern risks uniquely associated with symptomatic asthma. We analyzed 2002-2003 National Health Interview Survey data for children ages 5-17 years with symptomatic asthma (N=905), that is, those with a reported asthma diagnosis and >= 1 asthma attack(s) in the previous year. Among the population of children with symptomatic asthma, we used logistic regression to assess the association between risk factors and asthma-related school absences. We also examined nonasthma absences among this population to assess if risk factors for asthma-related absences differed from those for other absences. Finally, we examined absences among children without asthma for comparison. A greater proportion of children with symptomatic asthma missed school compared with children without asthma. Overall, 59% of children with symptomatic asthma had >= 1 asthma-related absence in the past year. Among this group, presence of an adult household smoker was associated with an increased adjusted risk ratio for asthma-related school absence [adjusted risk ratio = 1.25 (110, 1.42)] as were race/ethnicity other than non-Hispanic white, low parental education, and reported health status less than "very good/excellent." Greater asthma healthcare resource use (emergency department visits and preventive medication use) were also associated with higher risk. For nonasthma-related absences among children with symptomatic asthma, only having no usual source of healthcare emerged as a risk factor. Exposure to an adult household smoker and greater asthma healthcare use were associated with >= 1 asthma-related school absence among children with symptomatic asthma. Asthma-related school absences may help identify children in greater need of asthma evaluation and management. C1 [Akinbami, Lara J.; Parker, Jennifer D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Akinbami, Lara J.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Merkle, Sarah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Akinbami, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM LAkinbami@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2151-321X J9 PEDIAT ALLER IMM PUL JI Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. Pulmonol. PY 2010 VL 23 IS 3 BP 191 EP 200 DI 10.1089/ped.2010.0013 PG 10 WC Allergy; Immunology; Pediatrics; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Immunology; Pediatrics; Respiratory System GA 680NV UT WOS:000284242600007 ER PT J AU Belongia, EA Irving, SA Shui, IM Kulldorff, M Lewis, E Yin, RH Lieu, TA Weintraub, E Yih, WK Li, R Baggs, J AF Belongia, Edward A. Irving, Stephanie A. Shui, Irene M. Kulldorff, Martin Lewis, Edwin Yin, Ruihua Lieu, Tracy A. Weintraub, Eric Yih, W. Katherine Li, Rong Baggs, James CA Vaccine Safety Datalink Invest Grp TI Real-Time Surveillance to Assess Risk of Intussusception and Other Adverse Events After Pentavalent, Bovine-Derived Rotavirus Vaccine SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE rotavirus vaccines/adverse effects; vaccination/adverse effects; intussusception/epidemiology; prospective studies; humans; infant ID SAFETY DATALINK; CHILDREN; IMMUNIZATION; INFANTS; GASTROENTERITIS; GUIDELINES; CHILDHOOD; DISEASE; DEATHS AB Background: A pentavalent, bovine-derived rotavirus vaccine (RotaTeq, Merck) was licensed in 2006 for use in infants. A previously licensed rotavirus vaccine was withdrawn due to elevated risk of intussusception. We prospectively evaluated the risk of intussusception and other prespecified adverse events among RotaTeq recipients in the Vaccine Safety Datalink. Methods: The exposed population included children from age 4 to 48 weeks who received RotaTeq between May 2006 and May 2008. Adverse events over the subsequent 30 days were ascertained from inpatient, outpatient, and emergency department files; cases of intussusception were validated by medical record review. An adaptation of sequential probability ratio testing was employed to compare the cumulative number of observed and expected adverse events on a weekly basis, and a "signal" was generated if the log-likelihood ratio reached a predetermined threshold. This allowed near real-time monitoring to detect selected adverse events. The expected number of cases of intussusception was determined from historical rates in the VSD population. Results: There were 207,621 doses of RotaTeq administered to the study population; 42% were first doses. Five children had computerized diagnosis codes for intussusception, and 6.75 cases were expected based on historical rates (relative risk = 0.74). No elevation in risk was identified for intussusception or any other adverse event. Two of five children with suspected intussusception based on diagnosis codes met the case criteria after medical record review. Conclusions: This study illustrates the feasibility of rapid vaccine safety assessment and provides additional evidence that RotaTeq is not associated with an increased risk of intussusception. C1 [Belongia, Edward A.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Epidemiol Res Ctr ML2, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Shui, Irene M.; Kulldorff, Martin; Yin, Ruihua; Lieu, Tracy A.; Yih, W. Katherine; Li, Rong] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA USA. [Shui, Irene M.; Kulldorff, Martin; Yin, Ruihua; Lieu, Tracy A.; Yih, W. Katherine; Li, Rong] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Lewis, Edwin] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Oakland, CA USA. [Lieu, Tracy A.] Childrens Hosp, Div Gen Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Weintraub, Eric; Baggs, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Belongia, EA (reprint author), Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Epidemiol Res Ctr ML2, 1000 N Oak Ave, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. EM belongia.edward@marshfieldclinic.org RI Kulldorff, Martin/H-4282-2011; OI Irving, Stephanie/0000-0001-7437-6797; Baggs, James/0000-0003-0757-4683; Kulldorff, Martin/0000-0002-5284-2993 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2002-00732] FX This study was funded through a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP) under contract 200-2002-00732 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 24 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 29 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181af8605 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 538KT UT WOS:000273184100001 PM 19907356 ER PT J AU Bialek, SR Helgenberger, L Fischer, GE Bower, WA Konelios, M Chaine, JP Armstrong, G Williams, IT Bell, BP AF Bialek, Stephanie R. Helgenberger, Louisa Fischer, Gayle E. Bower, William A. Konelios, Mailynn Chaine, Jean-Paul Armstrong, Gregory Williams, Ian T. Bell, Beth P. TI Impact of Routine Hepatitis B Immunization on the Prevalence of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in the Marshall Islands and the Federated States of Micronesia SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE hepatitis B vaccine; chronic hepatitis B; perinatal transmission; Micronesia ID VACCINATION PROGRAM; BIRTH; PACIFIC; ANTIBODY; CHILDREN AB Background: To evaluate the impact of routine hepatitis B (HB) vaccination on the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among children in Pacific Island countries where HBV infection was highly endemic, we conducted HB serosurveys during 2000 to 2007 among women of childbearing age born before implementation of HB vaccination and among children born after its implementation. Methods: Serum specimens were collected from children aged 2 to 6 years and their mothers in Chuuk, Federated States of Micronesia in 2000, children aged 2 to 9 years and their mothers in Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia in 2005, and 5- to 9-year-old children and prenatal clinic patients in 2007 in Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI). Specimens were tested for HB surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to HB core antigen (total anti-HBc). HB vaccination coverage was determined from health department vaccination registries. We defined chronic HBV infection as the presence of HBsAg. Results: Birthdose and 3 dose HB vaccination coverage was 48% and 87%, respectively, in Chuuk, 87% and 90% in Pohnpei, and 49% and 93% in RMI. Chronic HBV infection prevalence among children was 2.5% (9/362) in Chuuk, 1.5% (7/478) in Pohnpei and 1.8% (6/331) in RMI. Chronic HBV infection prevalence among women was 9.2% (21/229) in Chunk, 4.4% (10/229) in Pohnpei, and 9.5% (11/116) in RMI. Conclusions: Hepatitis B vaccination has resulted in a substantial decline in chronic infection in children in the Pacific Islands. HB vaccine effectiveness is high in this region, despite challenges in providing HB vaccine at birth and completing vaccination series on schedule. C1 [Bialek, Stephanie R.; Fischer, Gayle E.; Bower, William A.; Armstrong, Gregory; Williams, Ian T.; Bell, Beth P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Konelios, Mailynn] Minist Hlth, Majuro, Marshall Island. [Chaine, Jean-Paul] Pacific Islands Hlth Officers Assoc, CNMI, Saipan, CM USA. RP Bialek, SR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zqg7@cdc.gov FU Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior FX Supported by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 29 IS 1 BP 18 EP 22 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181b20e93 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 538KT UT WOS:000273184100005 PM 19841605 ER PT J AU Franco, CM Andrade, ALS Andrade, JG Silva, SAE Oliveira, CRM Pimenta, FC Lamaro-Cardoso, J Brandao, AP Almeida, SCG Calix, JJ Nahmi, MH Brandileone, MCD AF Franco, Caritas M. Andrade, Ana Lucia S. Andrade, Joao G. Almeida e Silva, Simonne Oliveira, C. Renato M. Pimenta, Fabiana C. Lamaro-Cardoso, Juliana Brandao, Angela P. Almeida, Samanta C. G. Calix, Juan J. Nahmi, Moon H. Brandileone, Maria-Cristina de Cunto TI SURVEY OF NONSUSCEPTIBLE NASOPHARYNGEAL STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE ISOLATES IN CHILDREN ATTENDING DAY-CARE CENTERS IN BRAZIL SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pneumococcal carriage; pneumococcal serotypes; nasopharyngeal carriage; day care centers; vaccine coverage; nonsusceptible pneumococcal ID SEROTYPES; CARRIAGE; COLONIZATION; VACCINES; DISEASE AB A Survey of nasopharyngeal carriage of penicillin nonsusceptible pneumococcal (PNSp) isolates was conducted among 1192 children attending 62 day care centers in Brazil, where pneumococcal vaccination has not been routinely introduced. Nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage was detected in 686 (57.6%) infants, and 178 (25.9%) of them carried PNSp isolates. Being less than 24 months of age, hospitalization in the previous 3 months, and recurrent acute otitis media were independently associated with PNSp. Serotypes 14, 23F, 19A, 6A, 6B and 19F were the most common serotype isolated accounting for 80% of the PNSp. A high proportion (35/332) of non-(sero)typeable isolates was detected, 62.9% of them PNSp. Serotypes coverage projected for the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) 13-valent vaccine (72%) was significantly higher compared with PCV7 (58.4%) and PCV 10-valent vaccine (59.3%). C1 [Andrade, Ana Lucia S.; Almeida e Silva, Simonne; Oliveira, C. Renato M.] Univ Fed Goias, Dept Community Hlth, Inst Trop Pathol & Publ Hlth, BR-74605050 Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Andrade, Joao G.] Univ Fed Goias, Dept Trop Dis & Dermatol, Inst Trop Pathol & Publ Hlth, BR-74605050 Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Franco, Caritas M.] Municipal Goiania, Secretariat Hlth, Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Pimenta, Fabiana C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lamaro-Cardoso, Juliana] Univ Fed Goias, Dept Microbiol, Inst Trop Pathol & Publ Hlth, BR-74605050 Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Brandao, Angela P.; Almeida, Samanta C. G.; Brandileone, Maria-Cristina de Cunto] Adolfo Lutz Inst, Bacteriol Branch, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Calix, Juan J.; Nahmi, Moon H.] Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Calix, Juan J.; Nahmi, Moon H.] Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Andrade, ALS (reprint author), Univ Fed Goias, Dept Saude Colet, Inst Patol Trop & Saude Publ, S Leste Univ, Rua 235, BR-74605050 Goiania, Go, Brazil. EM ana@iptsp.ufg.br RI Iats, Inct/K-2300-2013; Andrade, Ana Lucia/L-5751-2013; OI Nahm, Moon/0000-0002-6922-1042 FU Brazilian Council for Research and Development/CNPq [473187/2004-3, 482646/2007-1, 309196/2007-8, 301340/2007-2, 473880/2006-7]; Secretariat of Health of Goiania Municipality; US NIH [AI-31473] FX Supported by the Brazilian Council for Research and Development/CNPq (473187/2004-3, 482646/2007-1), the Secretariat of Health of Goiania Municipality, and a grant from the US NIH (AI-31473) to MHN. AL Andrade (309196/2007-8), MC Brandileone (301340/2007-2), and FC Pimenta (473880/2006-7) are fellowships from the CNPq. NR 12 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 29 IS 1 BP 77 EP 79 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181af7e90 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 538KT UT WOS:000273184100019 PM 19935117 ER PT J AU Heron, M Sutton, PD Xu, JQ Ventura, SJ Strobino, DM Guyer, B AF Heron, Melonie Sutton, Paul D. Xu, Jiaquan Ventura, Stephanie J. Strobino, Donna M. Guyer, Bernard TI Annual Summary of Vital Statistics: 2007 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE birth; death; teenaged fertility; infant mortality; low birth weight; mortality; multiple births; cesarean rate; vital statistics; ICD-10; revised certificates ID ASSISTED-REPRODUCTIVE-TECHNOLOGY; UNITED-STATES; INFANT-MORTALITY; MULTIPLE BIRTHS; PERINATAL-MORTALITY; PRETERM BIRTH; TRENDS; RATES; REGISTRATION; PREGNANCY AB The number of births in the United States increased between 2006 and 2007 (preliminary estimate of 4 317 119) and is the highest ever recorded. Birth rates increased among all age groups (15 to 44 years); the increase among teenagers is contrary to a long-term pattern of decline during 1991-2005. The total fertility rate increased 1% in 2007 to 2122.5 births per 1000 women. This rate was above replacement level for the second consecutive year. The proportion of all births to unmarried women increased to 39.7% in 2007, up from 38.5% in 2006, with increases noted for all race and Hispanic-origin groups and within each age group of 15 years and older. In 2007, 31.8% of all births occurred by cesarean delivery, up 2% from 2006. Increases in cesarean delivery were noted for most age groups and for non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and Hispanic women. Multiple-birth rates, which rose rapidly over the last several decades, did not increase during 2005-2006. The 2007 preterm birth rate was 12.7%, a decline of 1% from 2006. The low-birth-weight rate also declined in 2007 to 8.2%. The infant mortality rate was 6.77 infant deaths per 1000 live births in 2007, which is not significantly different from the 2006 rate. Non-Hispanic black infants continued to have much higher rates than non-Hispanic white and Hispanic infants. States in the southeastern United States had the highest infant and fetal mortality rates. The United States continues to rank poorly in international comparisons of infant mortality. Life expectancy at birth reached a record high of 77.9 years in 2007. Crude death rates for children aged 1 to 19 years decreased by 2.5% between 2006 and 2007. Unintentional injuries and homicide were the first and second leading causes of death, respectively, accounting for 53.7% of all deaths to children and adolescents in 2007. Pediatrics 2010;125:4-15 C1 [Heron, Melonie; Sutton, Paul D.; Xu, Jiaquan; Ventura, Stephanie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Strobino, Donna M.; Guyer, Bernard] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Populat & Family Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Heron, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 7328, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM mheron@cdc.gov NR 62 TC 117 Z9 120 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JAN PY 2010 VL 125 IS 1 BP 4 EP 15 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-2416 PG 12 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 540PR UT WOS:000273348000002 PM 20026491 ER PT J AU Merikangas, KR He, JP Brody, D Fisher, PW Bourdon, K Koretz, DS AF Merikangas, Kathleen Ries He, Jian-Ping Brody, Debra Fisher, Prudence W. Bourdon, Karen Koretz, Doreen S. TI Prevalence and Treatment of Mental Disorders Among US Children in the 2001-2004 NHANES SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE mental disorders; children; epidemiology; services; National ealth and Nutrition Examination Survey ID DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEW SCHEDULE; ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; VERSION 2.3 DISC-2.3; SUPPLEMENT NCS-A; III-R DISORDERS; HEALTH-SERVICES; PUERTO-RICO; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CHILDHOOD AB OBJECTIVE: This article presents the 12-month prevalence estimates of specific mental disorders, their social and demographic correlates, and service use patterns in children and adolescents from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationally representative probability sample of noninstitutionalized US civilians. METHODS: The sample includes 3042 participants 8 to 15 years of age from cross-sectional surveys conducted from 2001 to 2004. Data on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria for mental disorders were derived from administration of selected modules of the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children, version IV, a structured diagnostic interview administered by lay interviewers to assess psychiatric diagnoses of children and adolescents. RESULTS: Twelve-month prevalence rates of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition-defined disorders in this sample were 8.6% for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, 3.7% for mood disorders, 2.1% for conduct disorder, 0.7% for panic disorder or generalized anxiety disorder, and 0.1% for eating disorders. Boys had 2.1 times greater prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder than girls, girls had twofold higher rates of mood disorders than boys, and there were no gender differences in the rates of anxiety disorders or conduct disorder. Only approximately one half of those with one of the disorders assessed had sought treatment with a mental health professional. CONCLUSION: These data constitute a first step in building a national database on mental health in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 2010;125:75-81 C1 [Merikangas, Kathleen Ries; He, Jian-Ping] NIMH, Genet Epidemiol Res Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Bourdon, Karen] NIMH, Epidemiol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Brody, Debra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Fisher, Prudence W.] Columbia Univ, New York State Psychiat Inst, New York, NY USA. [Koretz, Doreen S.] Harvard Univ, Off Provost, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Merikangas, KR (reprint author), NIMH, Genet Epidemiol Res Branch, Bldg 35,Room 1A201,35 Convent Dr,MSC 3720, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM kathleen.merikangas@nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 MH002870-02, Z01 MH002870-03, ZIA MH002870-04] NR 53 TC 288 Z9 293 U1 5 U2 43 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JAN PY 2010 VL 125 IS 1 BP 75 EP 81 DI 10.1542/peds.2008-2598 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 540PR UT WOS:000273348000010 PM 20008426 ER PT J AU Bocchini, JA Bradley, JS Brady, MT Bernstein, HH Byington, CL Fisher, MC Glode, MP Jackson, MA Keyserling, HL Kimberlin, DW Orenstein, WA Schutze, GE Willoughby, RE Bell, BP Bortolussi, R Clover, RD Fischer, MA Gorman, RL Lee, L Pratt, RD Read, JS Gellin, BG Starke, JR Swanson, J Meissner, HC Rubin, LG Pickering, LK Baker, CJ Long, SS Frantz, J AF Bocchini, Joseph A., Jr. Bradley, John S. Brady, Michael T. Bernstein, Henry H. Byington, Carrie L. Fisher, Margaret C. Glode, Mary P. Jackson, Mary Anne Keyserling, Harry L. Kimberlin, David W. Orenstein, Walter A. Schutze, Gordon E. Willoughby, Rodney E., Jr. Bell, Beth P. Bortolussi, Robert Clover, Richard D. Fischer, Marc A. Gorman, Richard L. Lee, Lucia Pratt, R. Douglas Read, Jennifer S. Gellin, Bruce G. Starke, Jeffrey R. Swanson, Jack Meissner, H. Cody Rubin, Lorry G. Pickering, Larry K. Baker, Carol J. Long, Sarah S. Frantz, Jennifer CA Comm Infect Dis TI Policy Statement-Recommended Childhood and Adolescent Immunization Schedules-United States, 2010 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article C1 [Bell, Beth P.; Fischer, Marc A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bortolussi, Robert] Canadian Paediat Soc, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Clover, Richard D.] Amer Acad Family Phys, Leawood, KS USA. [Gorman, Richard L.] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Lee, Lucia; Pratt, R. Douglas] US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Read, Jennifer S.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. OI Byington, Carrie/0000-0002-7350-9495 NR 3 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JAN PY 2010 VL 125 IS 1 BP 195 EP 196 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-3194 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 540PR UT WOS:000273348000027 ER PT J AU Jenny, C Christian, CW Crawford, J Flaherty, E Hibbard, RA Kaplan, R Kellogg, ND Hiser, D Saul, J Hurley, TP AF Jenny, Carole Christian, Cindy W. Crawford, James Flaherty, Emalee Hibbard, Roberta A. Kaplan, Rich Kellogg, Nancy D. Hiser, Deborah Saul, Janet Hurley, Tammy Piazza CA Comm Child Abuse Neglect TI Policy Statement-Child Abuse, Confidentiality, and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE HIPAA; child abuse AB The federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 has significantly affected clinical practice, particularly with regard to how patient information is shared. HIPAA addresses the security and privacy of patient health data, ensuring that information is released appropriately with patient or guardian consent and knowledge. However, when child abuse or neglect is suspected in a clinical setting, the physician may determine that release of information without consent is necessary to ensure the health and safety of the child. This policy statement provides an overview of HIPAA regulations with regard to the role of the pediatrician in releasing or reviewing patient health information when the patient is a child who is a suspected victim of abuse or neglect. This statement is based on the most current regulations provided by the US Department of Health and Human Services and is subject to future changes and clarifications as updates are provided. Pediatrics 2010; 125: 197-201 C1 [Saul, Janet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 4 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JAN PY 2010 VL 125 IS 1 BP 197 EP 201 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-2864 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 540PR UT WOS:000273348000028 ER PT J AU Bechah, Y Paddock, CD Capo, C Mege, JL Raoult, D AF Bechah, Yassina Paddock, Christopher D. Capo, Christian Mege, Jean-Louis Raoult, Didier TI Adipose Tissue Serves as a Reservoir for Recrudescent Rickettsia prowazekii Infection in a Mouse Model SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BRILL-ZINSSER-DISEASE; EPIDEMIC TYPHUS; UNKNOWN ORIGIN; TRENCH FEVER; BODY LOUSE; DEXAMETHASONE; ADIPOCYTE; OUTBREAK; BURUNDI; VECTOR AB Brill-Zinsser disease, the relapsing form of epidemic typhus, typically occurs in a susceptible host years or decades after the primary infection; however, the mechanisms of reactivation and the cellular reservoir during latency are poorly understood. Herein we describe a murine model for Brill-Zinsser disease, and use PCR and cell culture to show transient rickettsemia in mice treated with dexamethasone >3 months after clinical recovery from the primary infection. Treatment of similarly infected mice with cyclosporine failed to produce recrudescent bacteremia. Therapy with doxycycline for the primary infection prevented recrudescent bacteremia in most of these mice following treatment with dexamethasone. Rickettsia prowazekii (the etiologic agent of epidemic typhus) was detected by PCR, cell culture, and immunostaining methods in murine adipose tissue, but not in liver, spleen, lung, or central nervous system tissues of mice 4 months after recovery from the primary infection. The lungs of dexamethasone-treated mice showed impaired expression of beta-defensin transcripts that may be involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary lesions. In vitro, R. prowazekii rickettsiae infected and replicated in the murine adipocyte cell line 3T3-L1. Collectively these data suggest a role for adipose tissue as a potential reservoir for dormant infections with R. prowazekii. C1 [Bechah, Yassina; Capo, Christian; Mege, Jean-Louis; Raoult, Didier] Univ Mediterranean, Unit Res Emergent & Trop Infect Dis URMITE, CNRS IRD UMR 6236, Fac Med, Marseille, France. [Paddock, Christopher D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bechah, Y (reprint author), Univ Mediterranean, Unit Res Emergent & Trop Infect Dis URMITE, CNRS IRD UMR 6236, Fac Med, Marseille, France. EM didier.raoult@medecine.univ-mrs.fr RI MEGE, JEAN-LOUIS/O-6063-2016 FU French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) FX This study was founded by the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 1 AR e8547 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0008547 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 539AG UT WOS:000273225000012 PM 20049326 ER PT J AU Holman, RC Belay, ED Christensen, KY Maddox, RA Minino, AM Folkema, AM Haberling, DL Hammett, TA Kochanek, KD Sejvar, JJ Schonberger, LB AF Holman, Robert C. Belay, Ermias D. Christensen, Krista Y. Maddox, Ryan A. Minino, Arialdi M. Folkema, Arianne M. Haberling, Dana L. Hammett, Teresa A. Kochanek, Kenneth D. Sejvar, James J. Schonberger, Lawrence B. TI Human Prion Diseases in the United States SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB-DISEASE; BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; NATIONAL MORTALITY DATA; DEATH CERTIFICATES; PROTEIN; CLASSIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CANADA AB Background: Prion diseases are a family of rare, progressive, neurodegenerative disorders that affect humans and animals. The most common form of human prion disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), occurs worldwide. Variant CJD (vCJD), a recently emerged human prion disease, is a zoonotic foodborne disorder that occurs almost exclusively in countries with outbreaks of bovine spongiform encephalopathy. This study describes the occurrence and epidemiology of CJD and vCJD in the United States. Methodology/Principal Findings: Analysis of CJD and vCJD deaths using death certificates of US residents for 1979-2006, and those identified through other surveillance mechanisms during 1996-2008. Since CJD is invariably fatal and illness duration is usually less than one year, the CJD incidence is estimated as the death rate. During 1979 through 2006, an estimated 6,917 deaths with CJD as a cause of death were reported in the United States, an annual average of approximately 247 deaths (range 172-304 deaths). The average annual age-adjusted incidence for CJD was 0.97 per 1,000,000 persons. Most (61.8%) of the CJD deaths occurred among persons >= 65 years of age for an average annual incidence of 4.8 per 1,000,000 persons in this population. Most deaths were among whites (94.6%); the age-adjusted incidence for whites was 2.7 times higher than that for blacks (1.04 and 0.40, respectively). Three patients who died since 2004 were reported with vCJD; epidemiologic evidence indicated that their infection was acquired outside of the United States. Conclusion/Significance: Surveillance continues to show an annual CJD incidence rate of about 1 case per 1,000,000 persons and marked differences in CJD rates by age and race in the United States. Ongoing surveillance remains important for monitoring the stability of the CJD incidence rates, and detecting occurrences of vCJD and possibly other novel prion diseases in the United States. C1 [Holman, Robert C.; Belay, Ermias D.; Christensen, Krista Y.; Maddox, Ryan A.; Folkema, Arianne M.; Haberling, Dana L.; Hammett, Teresa A.; Sejvar, James J.; Schonberger, Lawrence B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Minino, Arialdi M.; Kochanek, Kenneth D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, US Dept HHS, Hyattsville, MD USA. RP Holman, RC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rholman@cdc.gov RI Belay, Ermias/A-8829-2013 NR 47 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 1 AR e8521 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0008521 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 539AG UT WOS:000273225000004 PM 20049325 ER PT J AU Etheredge, AA Mon, EY Crawford, K Hurtz, D Choi, G Ashby, K Grainger, J AF Etheredge, Alisha A. Mon, Ei Ye Crawford, Kenroy Hurtz, Donald Choi, Grace Ashby, Kristin Grainger, James TI PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON MULTI-ANALYTE TETROL ISOMERS FROM SERUM ALBUMIN ADDUCTS BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY/HIGH RESOLUTION MASS SPECTROMETRY SO POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE albumin; 5-methylchrysene tetrol; benz(a)anthracene tetrol; PAH tetrols; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ID HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS; DIOL-EPOXIDES; BENZOPYRENE; CARCINOGENICITY; DOSIMETRY; CHRYSENE; MOUSE; SKIN AB We have developed a preliminary method for the qualitative assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) tetrol metabolites in humans using serum albumin adducts. The method was used to investigate the presence of tetrol metabolites of PAHs released following acid hydrolysis of serum albumin-diol epoxide adducts. Liquid-liquid extraction and solid phase extraction were used for isolation and purification of the tetrol metabolites. Purified tetrols were derivatized to convert them to their trimethylsilyl derivatives and analyzed using gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry. A total of 26 tetrol isomers were investigated, resulting in observation of the following 8 tetrols in 3 smoking and 7 non-smoking donors: 5-methylchrysene-1,2,3,4-anti-tetrol, benz(a)anthracene-1,2,3,4-anti-tetrol, benz(a)anthracene-1,2,3,4-syn-tetrol, benz(a)anthracene-8,9,10,11-anti-tetrol, (+/-)-benzo(a)pyrene-r-7,t-8,9,c-10-tetrahydrotetrol (BPTI-1), (+/-)-benzo(a)pyrene-r-7,t-8,c-9,t-10-tetrahydrotetrol (BPTII-1), (+/-)-benzo(a)pyrene-r-7,t-8,c-9,10-tetrahydrotetrol (BPTII-2), and (+/-)-benzo(a)pyrene-r-7,t-8,9,10-tetrahydrotetrol (BPTI-2). This preliminary work presents the first reported method for the assessment of PAH multi-analyte tetrol isomers extracted from serum albumin adducts in human donors. C1 [Etheredge, Alisha A.; Mon, Ei Ye; Crawford, Kenroy; Hurtz, Donald; Choi, Grace; Ashby, Kristin; Grainger, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Etheredge, AA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F53, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM aetheredge@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1040-6638 J9 POLYCYCL AROMAT COMP JI Polycycl. Aromat. Compd. PY 2010 VL 30 IS 5 BP 355 EP 368 AR PII 929748703 DI 10.1080/10406638.2010.525470 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 682QT UT WOS:000284418800010 ER PT J AU Boyle, JP Thompson, TJ Gregg, EW Barker, LE Williamson, DF AF Boyle, James P. Thompson, Theodore J. Gregg, Edward W. Barker, Lawrence E. Williamson, David F. TI Projection of the year 2050 burden of diabetes in the US adult population: dynamic modeling of incidence, mortality, and prediabetes prevalence SO POPULATION HEALTH METRICS LA English DT Article AB Background: People with diabetes can suffer from diverse complications that seriously erode quality of life. Diabetes, costing the United States more than $174 billion per year in 2007, is expected to take an increasingly large financial toll in subsequent years. Accurate projections of diabetes burden are essential to policymakers planning for future health care needs and costs. Methods: Using data on prediabetes and diabetes prevalence in the United States, forecasted incidence, and current US Census projections of mortality and migration, the authors constructed a series of dynamic models employing systems of difference equations to project the future burden of diabetes among US adults. A three-state model partitions the US population into no diabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, and diagnosed diabetes. A four-state model divides the state of "no diabetes" into high-risk (prediabetes) and low-risk (normal glucose) states. A five-state model incorporates an intervention designed to prevent or delay diabetes in adults at high risk. Results: The authors project that annual diagnosed diabetes incidence (new cases) will increase from about 8 cases per 1,000 in 2008 to about 15 in 2050. Assuming low incidence and relatively high diabetes mortality, total diabetes prevalence (diagnosed and undiagnosed cases) is projected to increase from 14% in 2010 to 21% of the US adult population by 2050. However, if recent increases in diabetes incidence continue and diabetes mortality is relatively low, prevalence will increase to 33% by 2050. A middle-ground scenario projects a prevalence of 25% to 28% by 2050. Intervention can reduce, but not eliminate, increases in diabetes prevalence. Conclusions: These projected increases are largely attributable to the aging of the US population, increasing numbers of members of higher-risk minority groups in the population, and people with diabetes living longer. Effective strategies will need to be undertaken to moderate the impact of these factors on national diabetes burden. Our analysis suggests that widespread implementation of reasonably effective preventive interventions focused on high-risk subgroups of the population can considerably reduce, but not eliminate, future increases in diabetes prevalence. C1 [Boyle, James P.; Thompson, Theodore J.; Gregg, Edward W.; Barker, Lawrence E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Williamson, David F.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Thompson, TJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Mailstop K10,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tat5@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 375 Z9 382 U1 5 U2 47 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-7954 J9 POPUL HEALTH METR JI Popul. Health Metr. PY 2010 VL 8 AR 29 DI 10.1186/1478-7954-8-29 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V21QF UT WOS:000208221400029 PM 20969750 ER PT J AU Pearson, WS Garvin, WS Ford, ES Balluz, LS AF Pearson, William S. Garvin, William S. Ford, Earl S. Balluz, Lina S. TI Analysis of five-year trends in self-reported language preference and issues of item non-response among Hispanic persons in a large cross-sectional health survey: implications for the measurement of an ethnic minority population SO POPULATION HEALTH METRICS LA English DT Article AB Background: Significant differences in health outcomes have been documented among Hispanic persons, the fastest-growing demographic segment of the United States. The objective of this study was to examine trends in population growth and the collection of health data among Hispanic persons, including issues of language preference and survey completion using a national health survey to highlight issues of measurement of an increasingly important demographic segment of the United States. Design: Data from the 2003-2007 United States Census and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to compare trends in population growth and survey sample size as well as differences in survey response based on language preference among a Hispanic population. Percentages of item non-response on selected survey questions were compared for Hispanic respondents choosing to complete the survey in Spanish and those choosing to complete the survey in English. The mean number of attempts to complete the survey was also compared based on language preference among Hispanic respondents. Results: The sample size of Hispanic persons in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System saw little growth compared to the actual growth of the Hispanic population in the United States. Significant differences in survey item non-response for nine of 15 survey questions were seen based on language preference. Hispanic respondents choosing to complete the survey in Spanish had a significantly fewer number of call attempts for survey completion compared to their Hispanic counterparts choosing to communicate in English. Conclusions: Including additional measures of acculturation and increasing the sample size of Hispanic persons in a national health survey such as the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System may result in more precise findings that could be used to better target prevention and health care needs for an ethnic minority population. C1 [Pearson, William S.; Ford, Earl S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Garvin, William S.; Balluz, Lina S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pearson, WS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wpearson@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-7954 J9 POPUL HEALTH METR JI Popul. Health Metr. PY 2010 VL 8 AR 7 DI 10.1186/1478-7954-8-7 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V21QF UT WOS:000208221400007 PM 20412575 ER PT J AU Booske, BC Rohan, AMK Kindig, DA Remington, PL AF Booske, Bridget C. Rohan, Angela M. K. Kindig, David A. Remington, Patrick L. TI Grading and Reporting Health and Health Disparities SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Report cards are widely used in health for drawing attention to performance indicators. We developed a state health report card with separate grades for health and health disparities to generate interest in and awareness of differences in health across different population subgroups and to identify opportunities to improve health. We established grading curves from data for all 50 states for 2 outcomes (mortality and unhealthy days) and 4 life stages (infants, children and young adults, working-age adults, and older adults). We assigned grades for health within each life stage by sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomics, and geography. We also assigned a health disparity grade to each life stage. Report cards can simplify complex information for lay audiences and garner media and policy maker attention. However, their development requires methodologic and value choices that may limit their interpretation. C1 [Booske, Bridget C.; Rohan, Angela M. K.; Kindig, David A.; Remington, Patrick L.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Rohan, Angela M. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Council State & Terr Epidemiologists, Appl Epidemiol Fellowship Program, Madison, WI USA. RP Booske, BC (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, 610 Walnut St,Ste 760, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM bbooske@wisc.edu FU University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Wisconsin FX We thank the members of the University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute Advisory Board and many Wisconsin public health stakeholders for their feedback on early drafts of the Health of Wisconsin Report Card. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. This work was funded by a grant from the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Wisconsin Partnership Program. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 1 AR A16 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RZ UT WOS:000208158400016 PM 20040231 ER PT J AU Druss, BG Mays, RA Edwards, VJ Chapman, DP AF Druss, Benjamin G. Mays, Robert A., Jr. Edwards, Valerie J. Chapman, Daniel P. TI Primary Care, Public Health, and Mental Health SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Mays, Robert A., Jr.] NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Edwards, Valerie J.; Chapman, Daniel P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Druss, BG (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM bdruss@emory.edu NR 6 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 1 AR A04 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RZ UT WOS:000208158400004 PM 20040219 ER PT J AU Fairley, TL Hawk, H Pierre, S AF Fairley, Temeika L. Hawk, Helen Pierre, Snaltze TI Health Behaviors and Quality of Life of Cancer Survivors in Massachusetts, 2006: Data Use for Comprehensive Cancer Control SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; CARE; DISABILITY; INFLUENZA; OBESITY; COLON; AGE AB Introduction Nearly 12 million cancer survivors are living in the United States. Few state-based studies have examined the health status and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of this growing population. The objective of this study was to use Massachusetts Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data to describe cancer survivors' demographics, health behaviors, quality of life, use of preventive care services, and influenza vaccination rates. Methods The demographic characteristics of cancer survivors and respondents without cancer were estimated on the basis of responses to questions in the 2006 Massachusetts BRFSS. We used multivariate logistic regression to compare health behaviors, comorbidities, quality of life, and cancer screening and influenza vaccination rates for cancer survivors compared with respondents who did not have cancer. Results Cancer survivors and respondents who did not have cancer had similar rates of health behavioral risk factors including smoking, obesity, and physical activity. Rates of chronic disease (eg, heart disease, asthma) and disability were higher among cancer survivors. Cancer survivors reported higher rates of influenza vaccination and breast, colorectal, and cervical cancer screening than did respondents who did not have cancer. Survivors' self-reported health status and HRQOL (physical and mental health) improved as length of survivorship increased. Conclusion This state-based survey allowed Massachusetts to assess health-related issues for resident cancer survivors. These findings will help state-based public health planners develop interventions to address the long-term physical and psychosocial consequences of cancer diagnosis and treatment. C1 [Hawk, Helen; Pierre, Snaltze] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. RP Fairley, TL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop K-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM TFairley@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 1 AR A09 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RZ UT WOS:000208158400009 PM 20040224 ER PT J AU Freeman, E Presley-Cantrell, L Edwards, VJ White-Cooper, S Thompson, KS Sturgis, S Croft, JB AF Freeman, Elsie Presley-Cantrell, Letitia Edwards, Valerie J. White-Cooper, Sharrice Thompson, Kenneth S. Sturgis, Stephanie Croft, Janet B. TI Garnering Partnerships to Bridge Gaps Among Mental Health, Health Care, and Public Health SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Integrating mental health and public health chronic disease programs requires partnerships at all government levels. Four examples illustrate this approach: 1) a federal partnership to implement mental health and mental illness modules in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; 2) a state partnership to improve diabetes health outcomes for people with mental illness; 3) a community-level example of a partnership with local aging and disability agencies to modify a home health service to reduce depression and improve quality of life among isolated, chronically ill seniors; and 4) a second community-level example of a partnership to promote depression screening and management and secure coverage in primary care settings. Integration of mental health and chronic disease public health programs is a challenging but essential and achievable task in protecting Americans' health. C1 [Presley-Cantrell, Letitia; Edwards, Valerie J.; White-Cooper, Sharrice; Sturgis, Stephanie; Croft, Janet B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Freeman, Elsie] Maine Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Augusta, ME USA. [Thompson, Kenneth S.] Subst Abuse & Mental Hlth Serv Adm, Rockville, MD USA. RP Presley-Cantrell, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-67, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM LPresley@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 1 AR A21 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RZ UT WOS:000208158400021 PM 20040236 ER PT J AU Freeman, EJ Colpe, LJ Strine, TW Dhingra, S McGuire, LC Elam-Evans, LD Perry, GS AF Freeman, Elsie J. Colpe, Lisa J. Strine, Tara W. Dhingra, Satvinder McGuire, Lisa C. Elam-Evans, Laurie D. Perry, Geraldine S. TI Public Health Surveillance for Mental Health SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Public health systems have relied on public health surveillance to plan health programs, and extensive surveillance systems exist for health behaviors and chronic disease. Mental health has used a separate data collection system that emphasizes measurement of disease prevalence and health care use. In recent years, efforts to integrate these systems have included adding chronic disease measures to the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys and depression measures to the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; other data collection systems have been similarly enhanced. Ongoing challenges to integration include variations in interview protocols, use of different measures of behavior and disease, different interval reference periods, inclusion of substance abuse disorders, dichotomous vs continuous variables, and approaches to data collection. Future directions can address linking surveillance efforts more closely to the needs of state programs, increasing child health measurements in surveys, and improving knowledge dissemination from survey analyses. C1 [Freeman, Elsie J.] Maine Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Augusta, ME USA. [Strine, Tara W.; Dhingra, Satvinder; McGuire, Lisa C.; Elam-Evans, Laurie D.; Perry, Geraldine S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Colpe, LJ (reprint author), Subst Abuse & Mental Hlth Serv Adm, Off Appl Studies, 1 Choke Cherry Rd,Rm 7-1039, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. EM lisa.colpe@samhsa.hhs.gov NR 20 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 1 AR A17 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RZ UT WOS:000208158400017 PM 20040232 ER PT J AU Giles, WH Collins, JL AF Giles, Wayne H. Collins, Janet L. TI A Shared Worldview: Mental Health and Public Health at the Crossroads SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Giles, Wayne H.; Collins, Janet L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Giles, WH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Hgiles@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 1 AR A02 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RZ UT WOS:000208158400002 PM 20040217 ER PT J AU Homer, J Milstein, B Wile, K Trogdon, J Huang, P Labarthe, D Orenstein, D AF Homer, Jack Milstein, Bobby Wile, Kristina Trogdon, Justin Huang, Philip Labarthe, Darwin Orenstein, Diane TI Simulating and Evaluating Local Interventions to Improve Cardiovascular Health SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Numerous local interventions for cardiovascular disease are available, but resources to deliver them are limited. Identifying the most effective interventions is challenging because cardiovascular risks develop through causal pathways and gradual accumulations that defy simple calculation. We created a simulation model for evaluating multiple approaches to preventing and managing cardiovascular risks. The model incorporates data from many sources to represent all US adults who have never had a cardiovascular event. It simulates trajectories for the leading direct and indirect risk factors from 1990 to 2040 and evaluates 19 interventions. The main outcomes are first-time cardiovascular events and consequent deaths, as well as total consequence costs, which combine medical expenditures and productivity costs associated with cardiovascular events and risk factors. We used sensitivity analyses to examine the significance of uncertain parameters. A base case scenario shows that population turnover and aging strongly influence the future trajectories of several risk factors. At least 15 of 19 interventions are potentially cost saving and could reduce deaths from first cardiovascular events by approximately 20% and total consequence costs by 26%. Some interventions act quickly to reduce deaths, while others more gradually reduce costs related to risk factors. Although the model is still evolving, the simulated experiments reported here can inform policy and spending decisions. C1 [Milstein, Bobby; Labarthe, Darwin; Orenstein, Diane] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wile, Kristina] Sustainabil Inst, Stow, MA USA. [Trogdon, Justin] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Huang, Philip] Austin Travis Cty Hlth & Human Serv Dept, Austin, TX USA. RP Homer, J (reprint author), Homer Consulting, 4016 Hermitage Dr, Voorhees, NJ 08043 USA. EM jhomer@comcast.net NR 37 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 1 AR A18 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RZ UT WOS:000208158400018 PM 20040233 ER PT J AU Manderscheid, RW Ryff, CD Freeman, EJ McKnight-Eily, LR Dhingra, S Strine, TW AF Manderscheid, Ronald W. Ryff, Carol D. Freeman, Elsie J. McKnight-Eily, Lela R. Dhingra, Satvinder Strine, Tara W. TI Evolving Definitions of Mental Illness and Wellness SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Understanding of the definitions of wellness and illness has changed from the mid-20th century to modern times, moving from a diagnosis-focused to a person-focused definition of mental illnesses, and from an "absence of disease" model to one that stresses positive psychological function for mental health. Currently, wellness refers to the degree to which one feels positive and enthusiastic about oneself and life, whereas illness refers to the presence of disease. These definitions apply to physical as well as mental illness and wellness. In this article, we build on the essential concepts of wellness and illness, discuss how these definitions have changed over time, and discuss their importance in the context of health reform and health care reform. Health reform refers to efforts focused on health, such as health promotion and the development of positive well-being. Health care reform refers to efforts focused on illness, such as treatment of disease and related rehabilitation efforts. C1 [Ryff, Carol D.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Freeman, Elsie J.] Maine Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Augusta, ME USA. [McKnight-Eily, Lela R.; Dhingra, Satvinder; Strine, Tara W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Manderscheid, Ronald W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Rockville, MD USA. RP Manderscheid, RW (reprint author), SRA Int Inc, Mental Hlth Program, Global Hlth Sect, 6003 Execut Blvd,Suite 400, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM ronald_manderscheid@sra.co NR 33 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 21 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 1 AR A19 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RZ UT WOS:000208158400019 PM 20040234 ER PT J AU Noonan, CW Williamson, DM Henry, JP Indian, R Lynch, SG Neuberger, JS Schiffer, R Trottier, J Wagner, L Marrie, RA AF Noonan, Curtis W. Williamson, Dhelia M. Henry, Judy P. Indian, Robert Lynch, Sharon G. Neuberger, John S. Schiffer, Randolph Trottier, Janine Wagner, Laurie Marrie, Ruth Ann TI The Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in 3 US Communities SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Introduction We estimated the prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in 3 large geographic areas in the southern, middle, and northern United States. Methods The primary data source was medical records from office visits to private neurologists' practices or to neurology departments in tertiary care facilities during a 3-year period. Additional data sources included patient advocacy groups, nursing homes, and general practitioners. Results Three-year US age-adjusted prevalence estimates for the study areas varied substantially. The prevalence was lowest (47.2 per 100,000 population) in the Texas study area (33 degrees 30' north latitude), intermediate (86.3 per 100,000 population) in the Missouri study area (39 degrees 07' north latitude), and highest (109.5 per 100,000 population) in the Ohio study area (41 degrees 24' north latitude). The geographic differences remained strong after age-adjustment to the world standard population. The inverse association between UV light exposure and MS prevalence estimates was consistent with this observed latitude gradient. In all 3 areas, MS prevalence was highest among women, people aged 40 to 59 years, and non-Hispanics. Conclusion These results provide necessary prevalence estimates for community cluster investigations and establish baseline estimates for future studies to evaluate temporal trends in disease prevalence. C1 [Noonan, Curtis W.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. [Henry, Judy P.; Wagner, Laurie] Texas Dept Hlth, Austin, TX 78756 USA. [Indian, Robert] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Lynch, Sharon G.; Neuberger, John S.] Univ Kansas, Sch Med, Kansas City, KS USA. [Schiffer, Randolph] Texas Tech Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Lubbock, TX USA. [Trottier, Janine] Lorain Cty Gen Hlth Dist, Elyria, OH USA. [Marrie, Ruth Ann] Cleveland Clin, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Williamson, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop K-23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM DWilliamson1@cdc.gov RI Noonan, Curtis/B-2198-2015 FU Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry [U50/ATU799115, U50/ATU689131, U50/ATU589105] FX This study was funded by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (U50/ATU799115, U50/ATU689131, and U50/ATU589105). NR 30 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 1 AR A12 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RZ UT WOS:000208158400012 PM 20040227 ER PT J AU Primm, AB Vasquez, MJT Mays, RA Sammons-Posey, D McKnight-Eily, LR Presley-Cantrell, LR McGuire, LC Chapman, DP Perry, GS AF Primm, Annelle B. Vasquez, Melba J. T. Mays, Robert A. Sammons-Posey, Doreleena McKnight-Eily, Lela R. Presley-Cantrell, Letitia R. McGuire, Lisa C. Chapman, Daniel P. Perry, Geraldine S. TI The Role of Public Health in Addressing Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Mental Health and Mental Illness SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Racial/ethnic minority populations are underserved in the American mental health care system. Disparity in treatment between whites and African Americans has increased substantially since the 1990s. Racial/ethnic minorities may be disproportionately affected by limited English proficiency, remote geographic settings, stigma, fragmented services, cost, comorbidity of mental illness and chronic diseases, cultural understanding of health care services, and incarceration. We present a model that illustrates how social determinants of health, interventions, and outcomes interact to affect mental health and mental illness. Public health approaches to these concerns include preventive strategies and federal agency collaborations that optimize the resilience of racial/ethnic minorities. We recommend strategies such as enhanced surveillance, research, evidence-based practice, and public policies that set standards for tracking and reducing disparities. C1 [Vasquez, Melba J. T.] Amer Psychol Assoc, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Mays, Robert A.] NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Sammons-Posey, Doreleena] Natl Assoc Chron Dis Directors & Directors Hlth P, Trenton, NJ USA. [McKnight-Eily, Lela R.; Presley-Cantrell, Letitia R.; McGuire, Lisa C.; Chapman, Daniel P.; Perry, Geraldine S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Primm, AB (reprint author), Amer Psychiat Assoc, 1000 Wilson Blvd,Ste 1825, Arlington, VA 21287 USA. EM aprimm@psych.org NR 30 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 1 AR A20 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RZ UT WOS:000208158400020 PM 20040235 ER PT J AU Richards, TB Berkowitz, Z Thomas, CC Foster, SL Gardner, A King, JB Ledford, K Royalty, J AF Richards, Thomas B. Berkowitz, Zahava Thomas, Cheryll C. Foster, Stephanie Lee Gardner, Annette King, Jessica Blythe Ledford, Karen Royalty, Janet TI Choropleth Map Design for Cancer Incidence, Part 2 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Choropleth maps are commonly used in cancer reports and community discussions about cancer rates. Cancer registries increasingly use geographic information system techniques. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Division of Cancer Prevention and Control convened a Map Work Group to help guide application of geographic information system mapping techniques and to promote choropleth mapping of data from central cancer registries supported by the National Program of Cancer Registries, especially for comprehensive cancer control planning and evaluation purposes. In this 2-part series in this issue of Preventing Chronic Disease, we answer frequently asked questions about choropleth map design to display cancer incidence data. We recommend that future initiatives consider more advanced mapping, spatial analysis, and spatial statistics techniques and include usability testing with representatives of state and local programs and other cancer prevention partners. C1 [Richards, Thomas B.; Berkowitz, Zahava; Thomas, Cheryll C.; Foster, Stephanie Lee; Gardner, Annette; King, Jessica Blythe; Ledford, Karen; Royalty, Janet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Foster, Stephanie Lee] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Richards, TB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM TRichards@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 1 AR A24 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RZ UT WOS:000208158400024 PM 20040239 ER PT J AU Richards, TB Berkowitz, Z Thomas, CC Foster, SL Gardner, A King, JB Ledford, K Royalty, J AF Richards, Thomas B. Berkowitz, Zahava Thomas, Cheryll C. Foster, Stephanie Lee Gardner, Annette King, Jessica Blythe Ledford, Karen Royalty, Janet TI Choropleth Map Design for Cancer Incidence, Part 1 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Choropleth maps are commonly used in cancer reports and community discussions about cancer rates. Cancer registries increasingly use geographic information system techniques. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Division of Cancer Prevention and Control convened a Map Work Group to help guide application of geographic information system mapping techniques and to promote choropleth mapping of data from central cancer registries supported by the National Program of Cancer Registries, especially for planning and evaluation of comprehensive cancer control programs. In this 2-part series in this issue of Preventing Chronic Disease, we answer frequently asked questions about choropleth map design to display cancer incidence data. We recommend that future initiatives consider more advanced mapping, spatial analysis, and spatial statistics techniques, and include usability testing with representatives of state and local programs and other cancer prevention partners. C1 [Richards, Thomas B.; Berkowitz, Zahava; Thomas, Cheryll C.; Foster, Stephanie Lee; Gardner, Annette; King, Jessica Blythe; Ledford, Karen; Royalty, Janet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Foster, Stephanie Lee] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Richards, TB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM TRichards@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 1 AR A23 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RZ UT WOS:000208158400023 PM 20040238 ER PT J AU Sammons-Posey, D Guerrero, R Perry, GS Edwards, VJ White-Cooper, S Presley-Cantrell, L AF Sammons-Posey, Doreleena Guerrero, Rachel Perry, Geraldine S. Edwards, Valerie J. White-Cooper, Sharrice Presley-Cantrell, Letitia TI The Role of State Health Departments in Advancing a New Mental Health Agenda SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Perry, Geraldine S.; Edwards, Valerie J.; White-Cooper, Sharrice; Presley-Cantrell, Letitia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sammons-Posey, Doreleena] Natl Assoc Chron Dis Directors & Directors Hlth P, Trenton, NJ USA. [Guerrero, Rachel] Calif Dept Mental Hlth, Sacramento, CA USA. RP Perry, GS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop K-67,4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM GPerry@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 1 AR A06 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RZ UT WOS:000208158400006 PM 20040221 ER PT J AU Benard, VB Berkman, ND Kuo, T Martin, CK Richardson, LC AF Benard, V. B. Berkman, N. D. Kuo, T. Martin, C. K. Richardson, L. C. TI Follow-up for cervical abnormalities in a managed care plan, 1999-2004 SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Cervical cancer; Claims data; Abnormal Pap tests ID CANCER SCREENING RATES; US HEALTH PLAN; CYTOLOGICAL ABNORMALITIES; UNITED-STATES; GUIDELINES; FREQUENCY; ADHERENCE; IMPACT; WOMEN AB Objective. The objective of this study was to determine the follow-up for women after receiving an abnormal Pap test before and after the updated American Society of Colposcopic and Cervical Pathology (ASCCP) guidelines for management of abnormal cytology. Methods. In 1999 and 2004, women who had been enrolled in a US health care plan for at least 21 months and were between 18 and 70 years of age were included. We calculated differences in type of follow-up between the time periods before and after ASCCP guideline changes in 2002. Results. Overall, 1.7 million women met study criteria and received at least one Pap test. Overall, 227,802 (14%) women received additional follow-up. Of these women, 73% had a repeat Pap test within 9 months as their first follow-up, 13% received colposcopy, and 7% had other events. The proportion of women receiving a repeat Pap test decreased significantly during the post-guideline time period. The odds of a woman receiving a colposcopy versus a repeat Pap test were 41% higher in the post-guideline period, after controlling for other variables. Conclusions. Our findings indicate that for the time period after the ASCCP guidelines changed, more colposcopies and fewer repeat Pap tests were performed as a follow-up of abnormal Pap test. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Benard, V. B.; Richardson, L. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCCDPHP, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Berkman, N. D.; Kuo, T.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Martin, C. K.] Ctr Hlth Care Policy & Evaluat, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Benard, VB (reprint author), CDC, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, NCCDPHP, Mailstop K-55,4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vdb9@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 50 IS 1-2 BP 81 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.11.005 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 565GU UT WOS:000275278700014 PM 19932710 ER PT J AU Lee, SM Sallis, JF Biddle, SJH AF Lee, Sarah M. Sallis, James F. Biddle, Stuart J. H. TI Active communities for youth and families: Using research to create momentum for change SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ADOLESCENTS; CHILDREN; OVERWEIGHT; RISK C1 [Lee, Sarah M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sallis, James F.] San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Biddle, Stuart J. H.] Univ Loughborough, Sch Sport Exercise & Hlth Sci, Loughborough, Leics, England. RP Lee, SM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mail Stop K-12, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM bvv5@cdc.gov OI Biddle, Stuart/0000-0002-7663-6895 NR 39 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 50 SU 1 BP S3 EP S5 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.09.024 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 553ZA UT WOS:000274404100001 PM 19850069 ER PT B AU Keim, M AF Keim, Mark BE Wang, XY Zhang, YR Hong, Q Yu, CY Xin, XP Ding, JY TI Disaster Risk Reductionas a Sustainable Adaptation to Climate Change SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 5TH INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Academic Conference on Environmental and Occupational Medicine CY APR 07-10, 2010 CL Dujiangyan, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Municipal Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Shanghai Inst Prevent Med, Journal Env & Occupat Med, US Natl Inst Hlth, China Calif Res Collaborat, US Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Env Hlth, Shanghai Prevent Med Assoc, Env Hlth Perspect, Dujiangyan Hlth Bur C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Work Unit, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Keim, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Work Unit, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOURNAL ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATION MEDICINE-JEOM PI SHANGHAI PA 1380 ZHONGSHAN ROAD W, SHANGHAI, 200336, PEOPLES R CHINA PY 2010 BP A39 EP A40 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BVH53 UT WOS:000291569100012 ER PT B AU Keim, M AF Keim, Mark BE Wang, XY Zhang, YR Hong, Q Yu, CY Xin, XP Ding, JY TI The Public Health Impact of Climate Change SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 5TH INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Academic Conference on Environmental and Occupational Medicine CY APR 07-10, 2010 CL Dujiangyan, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Municipal Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Shanghai Inst Prevent Med, Journal Env & Occupat Med, US Natl Inst Hlth, China Calif Res Collaborat, US Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Env Hlth, Shanghai Prevent Med Assoc, Env Hlth Perspect, Dujiangyan Hlth Bur C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Keim, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATION MEDICINE-JEOM PI SHANGHAI PA 1380 ZHONGSHAN ROAD W, SHANGHAI, 200336, PEOPLES R CHINA PY 2010 BP A1 EP A3 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BVH53 UT WOS:000291569100001 ER PT B AU Rengasamy, S Zhuang, ZQ Roberge, R Shaffer, RE AF Rengasamy, Samy Zhuang, Ziqing Roberge, Raymond Shaffer, Ronald E. BE Argosyan, VE TI PARTICULATE RESPIRATORY PROTECTION - OVERVIEW, EMERGING ISSUES AND RESEARCH NEEDS SO PROTECTIVE DEVICES: TYPES, USES AND SAFETY SE Safety and Risk in Society LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FILTERING-FACEPIECE RESPIRATORS; FACE ANTHROPOMETRIC SURVEY; FACIAL SEAL LEAKS; FILTRATION EFFICIENCY; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; FIBROUS FILTERS; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; N95 RESPIRATORS; SURGICAL MASK; FIT FACTORS AB This chapter is a brief review of respiratory protective devices for harmful airborne particulates. Particles in the breathing air present serious health hazards to civilians and workers in occupational settings. To reduce the inhalation of particles, respiratory protection is required when other control measures are not feasible or not yet implemented. For many years respiratory protection devices were used in industrial workplaces to minimize particulate exposures, then extended to other workplaces including healthcare. Respirators are required to reduce the exposure to airborne infectious diseases, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), pandemic influenza and multi-drug resistant diseases because implementation of administrative and engineering controls is not always feasible. Similarly, bioterrorism incidents involving viruses, bacteria and spores require respiratory protection. Another emerging area of concern is the recent technological developments in the nanotechnology industry for producing engineered nanomaterials. Nano-sized particles may potentially be more toxic than equal quantities of larger-sized particles. The exposure to harmful nonbiological and biological aerosols can be addressed by proper selection of air-purifying respirators (APRs) recommended by regulatory agencies and other organizations. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and other standards organizations have developed performance standards for APRs. The NIOSH-certified APRs will provide expected protection levels when properly used. However, these devices do not fit all wearers equally well and impose varying levels of discomfort when fitted to the face. Poor fit of a respirator causes face seal leakage and compromises the respiratory protection levels. To address this issue, NIOSH has recently characterized face sizes and shapes characteristic of the current U.S. work force and developed new respirator fit test panels. Advanced respirator design for different facial features could improve respirator fit leading towards consistent protection. Also, the physiological impact of some forms of respiratory protective equipment upon wearers has not been adequately examined. Re-use of disposable equipment is also an issue of recent importance given that supplies of disposable respirators may be insufficient in a pandemic-like setting. Recent technological developments have produced nanofibers which can be employed for producing efficient filters. Similarly, antimicrobial components can be incorporated into the filter media used for respirators to kill/inactivate the microorganisms, as they pass through or are captured in the filter. The need for further research and developments in the different areas of respiratory protection are discussed. C1 [Rengasamy, Samy; Zhuang, Ziqing; Roberge, Raymond; Shaffer, Ronald E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Rengasamy, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, NIOSH, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd,POB 18070, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM ARengasamy@cdc.gov NR 136 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60876-223-1 J9 SAF RISK SOC PY 2010 BP 131 EP 160 PG 30 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BPB11 UT WOS:000278417500003 ER PT J AU Nater, UM Jones, JF Lin, JMS Maloney, E Reeves, WC Heim, C AF Nater, Urs M. Jones, James F. Lin, Jin-Mann S. Maloney, Elizabeth Reeves, William C. Heim, Christine TI Personality Features and Personality Disorders in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Population-Based Study SO PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article DE Chronic fatigue syndrome; Personality; Personality disorders; Population-based study ID MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; DEPRESSION; DIMENSIONS; DEFINITION; ILLNESS AB Background: Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) presents unique diagnostic and management challenges. Personality may be a risk factor for CFS and may contribute to the maintenance of the illness. Methods: 501 study participants were identified from the general population of Georgia: 113 people with CFS, 264 with unexplained unwellness but not CFS (insufficient fatigue, ISF) and 124 well controls. We used the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire, 4th edition, to evaluate DSM-IV personality disorders. We used the NEO Five-Factor Inventory to assess personality features (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness). The Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory measured 5 dimensions of fatigue, and the Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form 36 measured 8 dimensions of functional impairment. Results: Twenty-nine percent of the CFS cases had at least 1 personality disorder, compared to 28% of the ISF cases and 7% of the well controls. The prevalence of paranoid, schizoid, avoidant, obsessive-compulsive and depressive personality disorders were significantly higher in CFS and ISF compared to the well controls. The CFS cases had significantly higher scores on neuroticism, and significantly lower scores on extraversion than those with ISF or the well controls. Personality features were correlated with selected composite characteristics of fatigue. Conclusions: Our results suggest that CFS is associated with an increased prevalence of maladaptive personality features and personality disorders. This might be associated with being noncompliant with treatment suggestions, displaying unhealthy behavioral strategies and lacking a stable social environment. Since maladaptive personality is not specific to CFS, it might be associated with illness per se rather than with a specific condition. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Nater, Urs M.; Jones, James F.; Lin, Jin-Mann S.; Maloney, Elizabeth; Reeves, William C.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch,Coordinating Ctr Infect Di, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Heim, Christine] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Reeves, WC (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch,Coordinating Ctr Infect Di, Mail Stop A-15, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wcr1@cdc.gov RI Heim, Christine/A-1183-2009; Nater, Urs/J-6898-2013; OI Nater, Urs/0000-0002-2430-5090 FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the CDC administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education via an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the CDC (U.M.N.). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agency. The authors acknowledge the expertise of Rebecca Devlin and Marjorie Morrissey from Abt Associates in conducting the study. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Hao Tian (CDC) for the internal validation of the personality disorder data. NR 30 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 13 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-3190 J9 PSYCHOTHER PSYCHOSOM JI Psychother. Psychosom. PY 2010 VL 79 IS 5 BP 312 EP 318 DI 10.1159/000319312 PG 7 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 633CF UT WOS:000280476400006 PM 20664306 ER PT J AU Mvundura, M McGruder, H Khoury, MJ Valdez, R Yoon, PW AF Mvundura, Mercy McGruder, Henraya Khoury, Muin J. Valdez, Rodolfo Yoon, Paula W. TI Family History as a Risk Factor for Early-Onset Stroke/Transient Ischemic Attack among Adults in the United States SO PUBLIC HEALTH GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Family history; Risk factors; Stroke; Transient ischemic attack ID MIDDLE-AGED MEN; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PARENTAL HISTORY; MEDICAL-RECORDS; HEART-DISEASE; YOUNG-WOMEN; STROKE; AGREEMENT; AGGREGATION; ASSOCIATION AB Background: Stroke is a major cause of morbidity and death in the United States. We tested the association between familial risk for stroke and prevalence of the disease among US adults and assessed the use of family history of stroke as a risk assessment tool for the disease. Methods: Using data from the 2005 HealthStyles survey (n = 4,819), we explored the association between familial stroke risk (stratified as high, moderate or low) and the prevalence of stroke and related health conditions. We evaluated the clinical validity (sensitivity, specificity) of family history of stroke as an indicator of stroke risk. Stroke and the related medical conditions were self-reported. Results: Independent of other risk factors, people with a high familial risk for stroke were 4 times more likely to have had a stroke (95% confidence interval, CI, 2.6-6.0) than people with moderate or low familial risk. They were also 1.3 times (95% CI 1.1-1.6) more likely to have high blood pressure and 1.5 times (95% CI 1.3-2.0) more likely to have congestive heart failure. The sensitivity and specificity of using family history alone, high blood pressure alone or both risk factors to estimate stroke risk were 52 and 83%, 53 and 74%, and 29 and 95%, respectively. Conclusions: Despite several limitations typical of self-reported surveys, we find that in this sample of US adults, family history of stroke was significantly associated with the risk for stroke and high blood pressure as well as related conditions. Family history of stroke, alone or combined with other risk factors, can be a useful tool in assessing stroke risk among US adults. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Mvundura, Mercy; Khoury, Muin J.; Valdez, Rodolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [McGruder, Henraya; Yoon, Paula W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Mvundura, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE,Mailstop K-89, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM MMvundura@cdc.gov OI Mvundura, Mercy/0000-0002-7711-9558 NR 31 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-4246 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH GENOMI JI Pub. Health Genomics PY 2010 VL 13 IS 1 BP 13 EP 20 DI 10.1159/000209879 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Genetics & Heredity; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 497MA UT WOS:000270062400002 PM 19307734 ER PT J AU Grosse, SD Rogowski, WH Ross, LF Cornel, MC Dondorp, WJ Khoury, MJ AF Grosse, S. D. Rogowski, W. H. Ross, L. F. Cornel, M. C. Dondorp, W. J. Khoury, M. J. TI Population Screening for Genetic Disorders in the 21st Century: Evidence, Economics, and Ethics SO PUBLIC HEALTH GENOMICS LA English DT Review DE Clinical utility; Cost-effectiveness; ELSI; Genetic testing; Newborn screening ID CONGENITAL ADRENAL-HYPERPLASIA; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; HEREDITARY HEMOCHROMATOSIS; INFORMED-CONSENT; RECOMMENDATION STATEMENT; GENOMIC MEDICINE; HEALTH ECONOMICS; WORKSHOP REPORT AB Background: Proposals for population screening for genetic diseases require careful scrutiny by decision makers because of the potential for harms and the need to demonstrate benefits commensurate with the opportunity cost of resources expended. Methods: We review current evidence-based processes used in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands to assess genetic screening programs, including newborn screening programs, carrier screening, and organized cascade testing of relatives of patients with genetic syndromes. In particular, we address critical evidentiary, economic, and ethical issues that arise in the appraisal of screening tests offered to the population. Specific case studies include newborn screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia and cystic fibrosis and adult screening for hereditary hemochromatosis. Results: Organizations and countries often reach different conclusions about the suitability of screening tests for implementation on a population basis. Deciding when and how to introduce pilot screening programs is challenging. In certain cases, e. g., hereditary hemochromatosis, a consensus does not support general screening although cascade screening may be cost-effective. Conclusion: Genetic screening policies have often been determined by technological capability, advocacy, and medical opinion rather than through a rigorous evidence-based review process. Decision making should take into account principles of ethics and opportunity costs. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Grosse, S. D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Khoury, M. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rogowski, W. H.] German Res Ctr Environm Hlth GmbH, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Inst Hlth Econ & Hlth Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany. [Ross, L. F.] Univ Chicago, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Ross, L. F.] Univ Chicago, MacLean Ctr Clin Med Eth, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Cornel, M. C.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, Community Genet Sect, Dept Clin Genet,EMGO Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Dondorp, W. J.] Maastricht Univ, Dept Hlth Eth & Soc, Fac Hlth Med & Life Sci, Maastricht, Netherlands. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgg4@cdc.gov RI Rogowski, Wolf/D-9334-2013 NR 98 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 5 U2 24 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-4246 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH GENOMI JI Pub. Health Genomics PY 2010 VL 13 IS 2 BP 106 EP 115 DI 10.1159/000226594 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Genetics & Heredity; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 530NB UT WOS:000272598500006 PM 19556749 ER PT J AU Bowen, DJ Harris, J Jorgensen, CM Myers, MF Kuniyuki, A AF Bowen, D. J. Harris, J. Jorgensen, C. M. Myers, M. F. Kuniyuki, A. TI Socioeconomic Influences on the Effects of a Genetic Testing Direct-to-Consumer Marketing Campaign SO PUBLIC HEALTH GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Direct-to-consumer marketing; Genetic tests; Mass media campaign ID HEALTH-CARE; CANCER; SERVICES; IMPACT; BREAST AB Direct-to-consumer marketing of genetic tests is beginning to appear in select markets, and little independent evaluation has been conducted on the effects of this marketing on consumer attitudes or behavior. The purpose of this paper is to identify the effects of socioeconomic status on women's reactions to such a campaign, including knowledge of the test, perceptions of personal risk, communications with others about the test, and interest in pursuing the test. The only United States provider of genetic testing for breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility (BRCA1/2 testing) conducted a pilot marketing campaign that targeted women aged 25-54 and their health care providers in 2 cities, Atlanta, Ga., and Denver, Colo. The design for the evaluation was a post campaign consumer survey, based on a cross-sectional stratified random sample of women in the 2 intervention sites and 2 comparison sites. The campaign had no differential impact by socioeconomic status. However, there was a consistent relationship between socioeconomic status and several outcome variables, including knowledge of the test, beliefs about the test, and desire to know about genetic risk. These data indicate that socioeconomic status may play a role in uptake of genetic services, regardless of response to a media campaign. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Bowen, D. J.; Myers, M. F.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Harris, J.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Jorgensen, C. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Myers, M. F.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Myers, M. F.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Kuniyuki, A.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Bowen, DJ (reprint author), Boston Univ, 715 Albany St, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM dbowen@bu.edu NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-4246 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH GENOMI JI Pub. Health Genomics PY 2010 VL 13 IS 3 BP 131 EP 142 DI 10.1159/000231722 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Genetics & Heredity; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 557TT UT WOS:000274693700002 PM 19641293 ER PT J AU Ghosh, A Liu, T Khoury, MJ Valdez, R AF Ghosh, A. Liu, T. Khoury, M. J. Valdez, R. TI Family History of Diabetes and Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome in U.S. Adults without Diabetes: 6-Year Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2004) SO PUBLIC HEALTH GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Diabetes; Family history; Metabolic syndrome; NHANES; Obesity; Odds ratio ID RISK-ASSESSMENT; POPULATION; GENETICS AB Background/Aims: Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease share risk factors. The influence of family history of diabetes on the odds of having metabolic syndrome has not been estimated for the U. S. population. Our objective was to quantify this association in a national sample of U. S. adults without diabetes. Methods: The sample included 4,937 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (1999-2004). Familial risk of diabetes was classified in 3 strata according to the combination of relatives affected. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to guidelines issued by 4 groups or organizations. The prevalence and odds of this syndrome were compared among familial risk strata after controlling for relevant risk factors. Results: Overall, depending on the definition and after controlling for key variables, people with a moderate familial risk of diabetes, and people with a high familial risk of diabetes were between 1.4 and 1.6, and 1.6 and 1.8 times as likely, respectively, to have metabolic syndrome compared to people with average familial risk. Conclusion: In a nationally representative sample of U. S. adults without diabetes, family history of diabetes shows a significant, independent association with metabolic syndrome and its traits. This association supports the idea that shared genes and environment contribute to the expression of complex traits such as diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Liu, T.; Khoury, M. J.; Valdez, R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ghosh, A.] Visva Bharati Univ, Dept Anthropol, Biomed Res Lab, Sriniketan, India. RP Valdez, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop E-61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rvaldez@cdc.gov FU Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Government of India [INDO/FRC/452 (Y-25)/07-IHD] FX Dr. Ghosh was recipient of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Government of India, International Fellowship [ICMR-IF; Ref. No. INDO/FRC/452 (Y-25)/07-IHD] to work on this project at the National Office of Public Health Genomics (NOPHG), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, U.S.A. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-4246 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH GENOM JI Pub. Health Genomics PY 2010 VL 13 IS 6 BP 353 EP 359 DI 10.1159/000262330 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Genetics & Heredity; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 646ED UT WOS:000281518700004 PM 19940459 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ Reyes, M Gwinn, M Feero, WG AF Khoury, M. J. Reyes, M. Gwinn, M. Feero, W. G. TI A Genetic Test Registry: Bringing Credible and Actionable Data Together SO PUBLIC HEALTH GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID EGAPP WORKING GROUP; GENOMIC APPLICATIONS C1 [Khoury, M. J.; Reyes, M.; Gwinn, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Feero, W. G.] NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Khoury, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM muk1@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-4246 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH GENOM JI Pub. Health Genomics PY 2010 VL 13 IS 6 BP 360 EP 361 DI 10.1159/000262327 PG 2 WC Genetics & Heredity; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Genetics & Heredity; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 646ED UT WOS:000281518700005 PM 19940456 ER PT J AU Zlot, AI Valdez, R Han, Y Silvey, K Leman, RF AF Zlot, A. I. Valdez, R. Han, Y. Silvey, K. Leman, R. F. TI Influence of Family History of Cardiovascular Disease on Clinicians' Preventive Recommendations and Subsequent Adherence of Patients without Cardiovascular Disease SO PUBLIC HEALTH GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Behavior; Cardiovascular diseases; Family health; Heart diseases; Practice guideline; Prevention; Stroke; Surveillance ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; RISK-FACTOR; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; GENETIC RISK; YOUNG-ADULTS; RELIABILITY; BEHAVIORS; STROKE; ATTACK AB Background: Family history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an independent risk factor for CVD. Therefore, efforts to prevent CVD among asymptomatic persons with a family history are warranted. Little is known about preventive recommendations clinicians offer their patients with a family history of CVD, and adherence to preventive recommendations by patients at risk for CVD has not been well described. Methods: We used the 2007 Oregon Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to evaluate among 2,566 adults without CVD associations between family history of CVD and (a) clinician recommendations; (b) perceived risk of developing CVD; (c) adoption of preventive and screening behaviors; and (d) risk factors of CVD. Results: Compared with adults with no family history of CVD, those with a family history reported that their clinician was more likely to ask about their family history information (OR = 2.6; 95% CI, 1.9-3.4), discuss the risk of developing CVD (OR = 2.0; 95% CI, 1.6-2.5), and make recommendations to prevent CVD (OR = 2.1; 95% CI, 1.7-2.7). Family history and clinician recommendations were associated with a higher likelihood of reported changes in diet or physical activity to prevent CVD (OR = 2.7; 95% CI, 2.3-3.2). Persons with a family history of CVD were more likely to report having high cholesterol, having high blood pressure, taking aspirin, and having had their cholesterol checked. Conclusion: The presence of a family history of CVD appears to prompt clinicians to recommend preventive changes and may motivate patients without CVD to adopt these recommendations. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Zlot, A. I.; Silvey, K.] Oregon Dept Human Serv, Oregon Genet Program, Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR 97232 USA. [Han, Y.] Oregon Dept Human Serv, Hlth Promot & Chron Dis Prevent Program, Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR 97232 USA. [Leman, R. F.] Oregon Dept Human Serv, Off Dis Prevent & Epidemiol, Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR 97232 USA. [Valdez, R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zlot, AI (reprint author), Oregon Dept Human Serv, Oregon Genet Program, Publ Hlth Div, 800 NE Oregon St,Suite 825, Portland, OR 97232 USA. EM amy.zlot@state.or.us FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U58/CCU022779-04]; Health Promotion Programs; Component 7; Genomics and Chronic Disease Prevention FX This study is dedicated to A. I. Zlot's uncle, Chuck Sabes, and was supported in part by a cooperative agreement from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U58/CCU022779-04), Health Promotion Programs, Component 7, and Genomics and Chronic Disease Prevention. NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-4246 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH GENOM JI Pub. Health Genomics PY 2010 VL 13 IS 7-8 BP 457 EP 466 DI 10.1159/000293991 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Genetics & Heredity; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 690NQ UT WOS:000285011900009 PM 20234120 ER PT J AU Talley, L Woodruff, BA Seal, A Tripp, K Mselle, LS Abdalla, F Bhatia, R Mirghani, Z AF Talley, Leisel Woodruff, Bradley A. Seal, Andrew Tripp, Kathryn Mselle, Laurent Sadikiel Abdalla, Fathia Bhatia, Rita Mirghani, Zhara TI Evaluation of the effectiveness of stainless steel cooking pots in reducing iron-deficiency anaemia in food aid-dependent populations SO PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Iron deficiency; Anaemia; Refugees; Cooking pots; Stainless steel ID REFUGEE CHILDREN AB Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of stainless steel (Fe alloy) cooking pots in reducing Fe-deficiency anaemia in food aid-dependent populations. Design: Repeated cross-sectional surveys. Between December 2001 and January 2003, three surveys among children aged 6-59 months and their mothers were conducted in 110 households randomly selected from each camp. The primary outcomes were changes in Hb concentration and Fe status. Setting: Two long-term refugee camps in western Tanzania. Subjects: Children (6-59 months) and their mothers were surveyed at 0, 6 and 12 months post-intervention. Stainless steel pots were distributed to all households in Nduta camp (intervention); households in Mtendeli camp (control) continued to cook with aluminium or clay pots. Results: Among children, there was no change in Hb concentration at 1 year; however, Fe status was lower in the intervention camp than the control camp (serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) concentration; 6.8 upsilon. 5.9 mu g/ml; P < 0.001). There was no change in Hb concentration among non-pregnant mothers at 1 year. Subjects in the intervention camp had lower Fe status than those in the control camp (sTfR concentration: 5.8 upsilon. 4.7 mu g/ml; P = 0.003). Conclusions: Distribution of stainless steel pots did not increase Hb concentration or improve Fe status in children or their mothers. The use of stainless steel prevents rusting but may not provide sufficient amounts of Fe and strong educational campaigns may be required to maximize use. The distribution of stainless steel pots in refugee contexts is not recommended as a strategy to control Fe deficiency. C1 [Talley, Leisel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Int Emergency & Refugee Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Woodruff, Bradley A.] Emory Univ, Dept Global Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Seal, Andrew] UCL, Ctr Int Hlth & Dev, Inst Child Hlth, London, England. [Tripp, Kathryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Maternal & Child Nutr Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mselle, Laurent Sadikiel] Tanzania Food & Nutr Ctr, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Abdalla, Fathia] United Nations High Commissioner Refugees, Laayoune, Western Sahara. [Bhatia, Rita] Reg Bur Asia, United Nations World Food Programme, Bangkok, Thailand. [Mirghani, Zhara] United Nations High Commissioner Refugees, Damascus, Syria. RP Talley, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Int Emergency & Refugee Hlth Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS F-60, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Ltalley@cdc.gov RI Seal, Andrew/C-8550-2014 OI Seal, Andrew/0000-0003-3656-4054 FU WFP; UNHCR; UNFIP. FX The study was funded by the WFP and the UNHCR via a grant from the UNFIP. There are no conflicts of interest. B.A.W., L.T. and A.S. designed the study and supervised the field work. L.S.M. and K.T. assisted in the design of the study and implementation of the field work. Z.M., F.A. and R.B. facilitated the study and provided technical supervision. The manuscript was prepared by L.T. With additional inputs from B.A.W. and A.S. All authors read and provided comments on the manuscript drafts. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1368-9800 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH NUTR JI Public Health Nutr. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 13 IS 1 BP 107 EP 115 DI 10.1017/S1368980009005254 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 559LZ UT WOS:000274827800013 PM 19335940 ER PT J AU Tripp, K MacKeith, N Woodruff, BA Talley, L Mselle, L Mirghani, Z Abdalla, F Bhatia, R Seal, AJ AF Tripp, Katherine MacKeith, Nancy Woodruff, Bradley A. Talley, Leisel Mselle, Laurent Mirghani, Zahra Abdalla, Fathia Bhatia, Rita Seal, Andrew J. TI Acceptability and use of iron and iron-alloy cooking pots: implications for anaemia control programmes SO PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Iron cooking pots; Acceptability; Stainless steel; Refugees ID DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; FOOD; DEFICIENCY; CHILDREN AB Objective: To evaluate the acceptability of iron and iron-alloy cooking pots prior to an intervention trial and to investigate factors affecting retention and Use. Design: Pre-trial research was conducted on five types of iron and iron-alloy pots using focus group discussions and a laboratory evaluation of Fe transfer during cooking was undertaken. Usage and retention during the subsequent intervention trial were investigated using focus group discussions and market monitoring. Setting: Three refugee camps in western Tanzania. Subjects: Refugee health workers were selected for pre-trial research. Mothers of children aged 6-59 months participated in the investigation of retention and Use. Results: Pre-trial research indicated that the stainless steel pot would be the only acceptable type for use in this population due to excessive rusting and/or the high weight of other types. Cooking three typical refugee dishes in stainless steel pots led to an increase in Fe content of 3.2 to 17.1 mg/100 g food (P < 0.001). During the trial, the acceptability of the stainless steel pots was lower than expected owing to difficulties with using, cleaning and their utility for other purposes. households also controlled to use their pre-existing pots, and stainless steel pots were sold to increase household income. Conclusions: Pre-trial research led to the selection of a stainless steel pot that met basic acceptability criteria. The relatively low usage reported during the trial highlights the limitations of using high-value iron-alloy cooking pots as an intervention in populations where poverty and the availability of other pots may lead to selling. C1 [MacKeith, Nancy; Seal, Andrew J.] UCL Ctr Int Hlth & Dev, Inst Child Hlth, London WC1N 1EH, England. [Tripp, Katherine; Woodruff, Bradley A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maternal & Child Nutr Branch, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Talley, Leisel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emergency & Refugee Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mselle, Laurent] Tanzania Food & Nutr Ctr, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Mirghani, Zahra; Abdalla, Fathia] United Nations High Commissioner Refugees, Geneva, Switzerland. [Bhatia, Rita] United Nations World Food Programme, Rome, Italy. RP Seal, AJ (reprint author), UCL Ctr Int Hlth & Dev, Inst Child Hlth, 30 Guilford St, London WC1N 1EH, England. EM a.seal@ich.ucl.ac.uk RI Seal, Andrew/C-8550-2014 OI Seal, Andrew/0000-0003-3656-4054 FU WFP [017/00 SP-01]; UNHCR [01/AT/VAR/CM/258] FX The study was funded by the WFP (Grant code 017/00 SP-01) and the UNHCR (Grant code 01/AT/VAR/CM/258) via a grant from the UN Fund for International Partnerships. There are no conflicts of interest. A.J.S., N.M. and K.T. designed the study and implemented the field work. L.M., B.A.W. and LT. assisted in the design of the study and implementation of the field work. Z.M., F.A. and R.B. facilitated the study and provided technical supervision. The Manuscript was prepared by K.T. with additional inputs from A.J.S. and B.A.W. All authors read and provided comments on the manuscript drafts. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1368-9800 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH NUTR JI Public Health Nutr. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 13 IS 1 BP 123 EP 130 DI 10.1017/S1368980009005928 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 559LZ UT WOS:000274827800015 PM 19476680 ER PT J AU Richter, DL Jones, RL AF Richter, Donna L. Jones, Rhondette L. TI New Strategies in the Delivery of HIV-Prevention Services for Minority Groups in the US SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Editorial Material ID STRUCTURAL INTERVENTIONS; UNITED-STATES; AIDS C1 [Richter, Donna L.] Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Jones, Rhondette L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Capac Bldg Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Richter, DL (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM drichter@sc.edu NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 125 BP 1 EP 3 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 535IO UT WOS:000272961200001 PM 20408381 ER PT J AU Miller, KS Maxwell, KD Fasula, AM Parker, JT Zackery, S Wyckoff, SC AF Miller, Kim S. Maxwell, Karl D. Fasula, Amy M. Parker, J. Terry Zackery, Shannon Wyckoff, Sarah C. TI Pre-Risk HIV-Prevention Paradigm Shift: The Feasibility and Acceptability of the Parents Matter! Program in HIV Risk Communities SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID ADOLESCENT DRUG-ABUSE; UNITED-STATES; TRIAL; COMMUNICATION; INTERVENTIONS; BEHAVIORS; OBESITY; CARE AB Objectives. Many youth begin human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) sexual risk behaviors in preadolescence, yet risk-reduction programs are typically implemented in middle or late adolescence, missing an important window for prevention. Parent-based programming may play an important role in reaching youth early with prevention messages. One such program is the Parents Matter! Program (PMP), a five-session theory- and evidence-based intervention for parents of children aged 9 to 12 years. A randomized controlled trial showed PMP to be efficacious in promoting effective parent-child communication about sexuality and sexual risk reduction. We assessed the feasibility and acceptability of PMP when implemented under typical programmatic circumstances in communities at high risk for HIV infection. Methods. We selected 15 sites (including health departments, local education agencies, community-based organizations, and faith-based organizations) throughout the U.S. and Puerto Rico to participate in delivering PMP. Sites were provided training, program materials, and ongoing technical assistance. We collected multilevel data to assess the feasibility of program implementation and delivery, program relevance, and satisfaction with PMP activities and materials. Results. PMP was successfully implemented and evaluated in 13 of 15 sites; 76% of parents attended at least four of five sessions. Organization-, facilitator-, and parent-level data indicated the feasibility and acceptability of PMP, and overall high satisfaction with PMP activities and materials. Conclusion. The results of this project demonstrate that HIV pre-risk prevention programs for parents can be implemented and embraced by a variety of community organizations in HIV at-risk communities. The time to embrace parents as partners in public health HIV-prevention efforts has come. C1 [Miller, Kim S.; Fasula, Amy M.; Zackery, Shannon; Wyckoff, Sarah C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Maxwell, Karl D.] Danya Int Inc, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Parker, J. Terry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Miller, KS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kmiller@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 125 BP 38 EP 46 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 535IO UT WOS:000272961200006 PM 20408386 ER PT J AU Anderson, WL Armour, BS Finkelstein, EA Wiener, JM AF Anderson, Wayne L. Armour, Brian S. Finkelstein, Eric A. Wiener, Joshua M. TI Estimates of State-Level Health-Care Expenditures Associated with Disability SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID CIGARETTE-SMOKING; MEDICARE; OBESITY AB Objectives. We estimated state-level disability-associated health-care expenditures (DAHE) for the U.S. adult population. Methods. We used a two-part model to estimate DAHE for the noninstitutionalized U.S. civilian adult population using data from the 2002-2003 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey and state-level data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Administrative data for people in institutions were added to generate estimates for the total adult noninstitutionalized population. Individual-level data on total health-care expenditures along with demographic, socioeconomic, geographic, and payer characteristics were used in the models. Results. The DAHE for all U.S. adults totaled $397.8 billion in 2006, with state expenditures ranging from $598 million in Wyoming to $40.1 billion in New York. Of the national total, the DAHE were $118.9 billion for the Medicare population, $161.1 billion for Medicaid recipients, and $117.8 billion for the privately insured and uninsured populations. For the total U.S. adult population, 26.7% of health-care expenditures were associated with disability, with proportions by state ranging from 16.9% in Hawaii to 32.8% in New York. This proportion varied greatly by payer, with 38.1% for Medicare expenditures, 68.7% for Medicaid expenditures, and 12.5% for nonpublic health-care expenditures associated with disability. Conclusions. DAHE vary greatly by state and are borne largely by the public sector, and particularly by Medicaid. Policy makers need to consider initiatives that will help reduce the prevalence of disabilities and disability-related health disparities, as well as improve the lives of people with disabilities. C1 [Anderson, Wayne L.; Wiener, Joshua M.] RTI Int, Aging Disabil & Long Term Care Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Armour, Brian S.] Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Finkelstein, Eric A.] RTI Int, Publ Hlth Econ Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Anderson, WL (reprint author), RTI Int, Aging Disabil & Long Term Care Program, POB 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM wlanderson@rti.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2001-0123, 056] FX The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of RTI International or CDC. NR 21 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 125 IS 1 BP 44 EP 51 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 535IN UT WOS:000272961100007 PM 20402195 ER PT J AU McCree, DH Cosgrove, S Stratford, D Valway, S Keller, N Vega-Hernandez, J Jenison, SA AF McCree, Donna Hubbard Cosgrove, Shannon Stratford, Dale Valway, Sarah Keller, Nick Vega-Hernandez, Jaime Jenison, Steven A. TI Sexual and Drug Use Risk Behaviors of Long-Haul Truck Drivers and Their Commercial Sex Contacts in New Mexico SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; CONDOM USE; LORRY DRIVERS; HIV-INFECTION; EAST-AFRICA; SOUTH-INDIA; WORKERS; PREVALENCE; TRANSMISSION AB Objectives. Long-haul truck drivers and their commercial sex contacts (CCs) have been associated with the spread of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the developing world. However, there is a paucity of information about the STI risk behaviors of these populations in the U.S. We conducted a qualitative phase of a two-phase study to gather information about STI-related risk behaviors in drivers and their CCs in New Mexico. Methods. Between July and September 2004, we conducted face-to-face unstructured and semistructured qualitative interviews at trucking venues, health department facilities, and a community-based organization to solicit information on sexual behavior and condom and illicit drug use. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, reviewed for quality control, and then coded and analyzed for emerging themes using NVivo (R) software. Results. Thirty-three long-haul truck drivers and 15 CCs completed the interview. The truck drivers were mostly male and non-Hispanic white with a mean age of 41 years. The majority of the CCs were female, the largest percentage was Hispanic, and the mean age was 36 years. Data suggested risky sexual behavior and drug use (i.e., inconsistent condom use, illicit drug use including intravenous drug use, and the exchange of sex for drugs) that could facilitate STI/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis virus transmission. Results also showed a low knowledge about STIs and lack of access to general health care for both populations. Conclusions. Additional studies are needed to further assess risk and inform the development of prevention interventions and methods to provide STI/HIV and other medical services to these populations. C1 [McCree, Donna Hubbard; Cosgrove, Shannon; Stratford, Dale] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Valway, Sarah; Keller, Nick; Vega-Hernandez, Jaime; Jenison, Steven A.] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP McCree, DH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zyr1@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 125 IS 1 BP 52 EP 60 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 535IN UT WOS:000272961100008 PM 20402196 ER PT J AU Collins, CB Hearn, KD Whittier, DN Freeman, A Stallworth, JD Phields, M AF Collins, Charles B., Jr. Hearn, Kimberly D. Whittier, David N. Freeman, Anne Stallworth, JoAna D. Phields, Miriam TI Implementing Packaged HIV-Prevention Interventions for HIV-Positive Individuals: Considerations for Clinic-Based and Community-Based Interventions SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; RISK REDUCTION INTERVENTION; UNITED-STATES; BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS; SEX; MEN; POPULATIONS; PEOPLE; TRIAL; PROGRAMS AB Providing efficacious human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention services to HIV-positive individuals is an appropriate strategy to reduce new infections. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has identified interventions with evidence of efficacy for prevention with positives (PwP). Through its process of disseminating evidence-based interventions (EBIs), CDC has attempted to diffuse four of these interventions into practice. One of these interventions has been diffused to community-based organizations, whereas another has been diffused to medical clinics serving HIV-positive people. A third intervention was originally developed with HIV-positive individuals using methadone, but uptake by methadone clinics has not occurred. A fourth intervention for HIV-positive adolescents and young adults has had disappointing adoption levels. Unique implementation challenges have been encountered in various intervention settings. Lessons learned in the dissemination of the first four PwP interventions will facilitate implementation of three new PwP EBIs currently being packaged for dissemination. C1 [Collins, Charles B., Jr.; Hearn, Kimberly D.; Whittier, David N.; Stallworth, JoAna D.; Phields, Miriam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Capac Bldg Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Freeman, Anne] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, STD HIV Prevent Training Ctr, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. RP Collins, CB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Capac Bldg Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-40, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cwc4@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 4 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 125 SU 1 BP 55 EP 63 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 535IO UT WOS:000272961200008 PM 20408388 ER PT J AU Smith, DK Taylor, A Kilmarx, PH Sullivan, P Warner, L Kamb, M Bock, N Kohmescher, B Mastro, TD AF Smith, Dawn K. Taylor, Allan Kilmarx, Peter H. Sullivan, Patrick Warner, Lee Kamb, Mary Bock, Naomi Kohmescher, Bob Mastro, Timothy D. TI Male Circumcision in the United States for the Prevention of HIV Infection and Other Adverse Health Outcomes: Report from a CDC Consultation SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID NEONATAL CIRCUMCISION; NEWBORN CIRCUMCISION; SEXUAL RISK; PENILE SENSITIVITY; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; TARGET-CELLS; MEN; TRANSMISSION; SATISFACTION; BEHAVIOR AB In April 2007, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) held a two-day consultation with a broad spectrum of stakeholders to obtain input on the potential role of male circumcision (MC) in preventing transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the U.S. Working groups summarized data and discussed issues about the use of MC for prevention of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with women, men who have sex with men (MSM), and newborn males. Consultants suggested that (1) sufficient evidence exists to propose that heterosexually active males be informed about the significant but partial efficacy of MC in reducing risk for HIV acquisition and be provided with affordable access to voluntary, high-quality surgical and risk-reduction counseling services; (2) information about the potential health benefits and risks of MC should be presented to parents considering infant circumcision, and financial barriers to accessing MC should be removed; and (3) insufficient data exist about the impact (if any) of MC. on HIV acquisition by MSM, and additional research is warranted. If MC is recommended as a public health method, information will be required on its acceptability and uptake. Especially critical will be efforts to understand how to develop effective, culturally appropriate public health messages to mitigate increases in sexual risk behavior among men, both those already circumcised and those who may elect MC to reduce their risk of acquiring HIV. C1 [Smith, Dawn K.; Taylor, Allan; Kilmarx, Peter H.; Sullivan, Patrick; Kamb, Mary; Bock, Naomi; Kohmescher, Bob; Mastro, Timothy D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Warner, Lee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Smith, DK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Dsmith1@cdc.gov OI Sullivan, Patrick/0000-0002-7728-0587 NR 66 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 6 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 125 BP 72 EP 82 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 535IO UT WOS:000272961200010 PM 20408390 ER PT B AU Chen, B Boone, DJ AF Chen, Bin Boone, D. Joe BE Kristoffersson, U Schmidtke, J Cassiman, JJ TI US Oversight and Regulation of Genetic Testing SO QUALITY ISSUES IN CLINICAL GENETIC SERVICES SE Advances in Marine Genomics LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Genetic testing; Genetic test information; Quality assurance; Laws; Regulations; Mandated and voluntary oversight; Compliance; Direct to consumer genetic testing ID HEREDITARY HEMOCHROMATOSIS; SERVICES C1 [Boone, D. Joe] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Chen, Bin] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Syst, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Boone, DJ (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, 2987 Clairmont Rd,Suite 450, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bkc1@cdc.gov; booned@battelle.org NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-90-481-3918-7 J9 ADV MAR GENOMICS PY 2010 VL 1 BP 113 EP 128 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-3919-4_12 D2 10.1007/978-90-481-3919-4 PG 16 WC Genetics & Heredity; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Genetics & Heredity; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BOY76 UT WOS:000278071600012 ER PT B AU Wu, XF Kuzmin, I Tang, K Rupprecht, CE AF Wu, Xianfu Kuzmin, Ivan Tang, Kelvin Rupprecht, Charles E. BE Williamson, JG TI LYSSAVIRUS GENOME SO RABIES: SYMPTOMS, TREATMENT AND PREVENTION SE Virology Research Progress LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Lyssavirus; Viral genome sequence; Genotyping; Phylogeny; Evolutionary driving force; Purifying selection; Point mutation; Recombination; Protein-protein interaction; Protein-RNA interaction; Trans- acting signal; Cis-acting signal ID VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS; AUSTRALIAN BAT LYSSAVIRUS; NUCLEOPROTEIN-RNA COMPLEX; FORMER SOVIET-UNION; RABIES-VIRUS; MATRIX PROTEIN; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; PHOSPHOPROTEIN-P; LEADER RNA AB Despite obvious phylogenetic diversity within the Lyssavirus genus, generally, the viral genome has the same organization. Albeit 7 recognized and 4 putative genotypes have been proposed in lyssaviruses, more genotypes are seemingly being suggested. The Lagos bat virus (genotype 2) is being divided into novel or subgenotypes. Since viral full genome sequences provide rich information for various phylogenetic purposes, the partial single gene sequence once applied in phylogeny should be reevaluated. However, the available database for lyssavirus full genomes is very limited. After comparison of previous methodology in sequencing lyssavirus full genomes, a novel, simple and universal method was developed in our laboratory, which helped generate 4 full genome sequences for the putative lyssavirus genotypes: Aravan (ARAV), Khujand (KHUV), Irkut (IRV), and West Caucasian bat virus (WCBV). Lyssavirus is a single negative stranded RNA virus with a genome between 11 k and 12 k nucleotides (nts). Currently, the WCBV has the longest genome of 12278 nts in the genus. In gene organization, from the 3' to 5' extremity, the viral genome contains sequentially leader sequence, nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P), matrix (M), glycoprotein (G), RNA dependent RNA polymerase (L), psi (or G-L 3' non-translated region), and trailer region. The psi is between 400 and 700 nts long with no coding capacity or functionality. This redundancy is unique in the Lyssavirus genus. The relative conservativeness has revealed the gene order of N >L >M>G>P in the genome. No overall positive selection has been detected in lyssaviruses. The overwhelming evolutionary driving force is point mutation and purifying (deleterious) selection. Synonymous mutations are dominant while nonsynonymous sites are constrained. The few suggested recombinant events are probably due to subquality of the sequence database for the extrapolation. No solid biochemical model for explanation of recombination has been hypothesized in lyssaviruses. In contrast to the expanding diversity trend in genotypes, viral protein structures and functions are conserved in lyssaviruses. Extensive viral protein-protein, protein-RNA interactions have been investigated. Intensified co-variation sites have been detected within and among individual viral structural proteins. In addition, both trans- and cis- acting signals for viral transcription and replication are strictly conserved in lyssaviruses. C1 [Wu, Xianfu; Kuzmin, Ivan; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Program PRB DVRD CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tang, Kelvin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Div Sci Resources, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wu, XF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Program PRB DVRD CDC, Bldg 17,Room 6045,MS-G33,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM XAW6@cdc.gov NR 150 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-61668-250-7 J9 VIROL RES PROG PY 2010 BP 95 EP 139 PG 45 WC Virology SC Virology GA BPA56 UT WOS:000278387300006 ER PT S AU Grosse, SD Kalman, L Khoury, MJ AF Grosse, Scott D. Kalman, Lisa Khoury, Muin J. BE DelaPaz, MP Groft, SC TI Evaluation of the Validity and Utility of Genetic Testing for Rare Diseases SO RARE DISEASES EPIDEMIOLOGY SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Population screening; Genetic screening; Public health genomics; Rare disorders; Clinical utility ID EGAPP WORKING GROUP; FRAGILE-X-SYNDROME; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; SICKLE-CELL; GENOMIC INFORMATION; HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE; MUSCULAR-DYSTROPHY; REDUCING MORBIDITY; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; WORKSHOP REPORT AB The conventional criteria for evaluating genetic tests include analytic validity, clinical validity, and clinical utility. Analytical validity refers to a test's ability to measure the genotype of interest accurately and reliably. Clinical validity refers to a test's ability to detect or predict the clinical disorder or phenotype associated with the genotype. Clinical utility of a test is a measure of its usefulness in the clinic and resulting changes in clinical endpoints. In addition, the utility to individuals and families of genomic information, or personal utility, should be considered. This chapter identifies methodological and data issues involved in assessing each type of validity or utility. The validity and utility of a test must be considered in a specific context, which include diagnostic testing, newborn screening, prenatal carrier screening, and family or cascade screening. Specific rare disorders addressed include cystic fibrosis, fragile X syndrome, Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy, spinal muscular atrophy, Huntington disease, as well as cancer associated with BRCA mutations. C1 [Grosse, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kalman, Lisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci & Stand, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgrosse@cdc.gov; Ijk0@cdc.gov; muk1@cdc.gov NR 82 TC 26 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0065-2598 BN 978-90-481-9484-1 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2010 VL 686 BP 115 EP 131 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-9485-8_8 PG 17 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Research & Experimental Medicine GA BRC95 UT WOS:000282382800008 PM 20824443 ER PT S AU Jackson, JM Crider, KS Olney, RS AF Jackson, Jodi M. Crider, Krista S. Olney, Richard S. BE DelaPaz, MP Groft, SC TI Population-Based Surveillance for Rare Congenital and Inherited Disorders: Models and Challenges SO RARE DISEASES EPIDEMIOLOGY SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Population surveillance; Rare diseases; Congenital abnormalities; Genetic diseases ID SICKLE-CELL-DISEASE; FRAGILE-X-SYNDROME; TERM-FOLLOW-UP; COA DEHYDROGENASE-DEFICIENCY; BIRTH-DEFECTS SURVEILLANCE; NEWBORN SCREENING-PROGRAMS; UNITED-STATES; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; MUSCULAR-DYSTROPHY; GENETIC-DISEASES AB Worldwide, an estimated 7.9 million children are affected by congenital and inherited disorders. Some disorders are relatively common, affecting tens of thousands of newborns annually; others are rare, involving disorders that, in extreme cases, can affect less than 30 infants per year. However, this infrequency does not reduce the impact or burden on individuals and their families. Congenital defects can cause long-term disability, have a lifelong impact on health, and cost billions of dollars in care. Collection of population-based surveillance data ideally enables the discovery of etiologies for rare congenital disorders of unknown cause, allows for examining outcomes, and evaluating treatments and interventions for children with all types of congenital and inherited disorders. Many challenges are associated with performing population-based surveillance, such as difficulty in ascertaining appropriate diagnoses and frequent unavailability of necessary resources. This chapter focuses on the importance of population-based data and uses national and international surveillance systems as models for how these rare disorders can be better understood. C1 [Jackson, Jodi M.; Crider, Krista S.; Olney, Richard S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jackson, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hwi4@cdc.gov; kvc3@CDC.GOV; rso0@cdc.gov NR 74 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0065-2598 BN 978-90-481-9484-1 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2010 VL 686 BP 133 EP 150 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-9485-8_9 PG 18 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Research & Experimental Medicine GA BRC95 UT WOS:000282382800009 PM 20824444 ER PT S AU Schendel, D Rice, C Cunniff, C AF Schendel, Diana Rice, Catherine Cunniff, Christopher BE DelaPaz, MP Groft, SC TI The Contribution of Rare Diseases to Understanding the Epidemiology of Neurodevelopmental Disabilities SO RARE DISEASES EPIDEMIOLOGY SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Neurodevelopmental disabilities; Rare disorders; Epidemiology; Autism spectrum disorders; Intellectual disability; Fragile X syndrome; 22q11.2 deletion syndrome ID AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS; FRAGILE-X-SYNDROME; GLOBAL DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY; QUALITY-STANDARDS-SUBCOMMITTEE; CHILD-NEUROLOGY-SOCIETY; CARDIO-FACIAL SYNDROME; MENTAL-RETARDATION; INTELLECTUAL-DISABILITY; 22Q11.2 DELETION; PRACTICE PARAMETER AB Our objective is to describe the contribution of rare diseases to our understanding of the epidemiology of neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDDs) by comparing and contrasting the epidemiologic features of NDDs classified according to key characteristics of developmental delay or deviance in such areas as behavior or cognition (the phenotypic approach; autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability as examples) versus classification based on the identification of an etiologic diagnosis (the etiologic approach; 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and fragile X syndrome as examples). We suggest specific applications in which consideration of rare etiology-based NDDs might further our understanding of NDD epidemiology overall; what is needed to integrate the two classification approaches; and identify practical challenges in achieving that integration. Understanding commonalities and differences in the epidemiologic features of the phenotypically and etiologically defined NDD classifications provides a useful framework for furthering our understanding of the prevalence, distribution, and causes of NDDs, as well as delivering appropriate diagnostic resources, appropriate treatments, accurate prognostic information, and estimates of recurrence risk for these disorders. C1 [Schendel, Diana; Rice, Catherine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cunniff, Christopher] Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Schendel, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dschendel@cdc.gov; cqr8@cdc.gov; ccunniff@peds.arizona.edu RI Rice, Catherine/D-6305-2016 NR 61 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0065-2598 BN 978-90-481-9484-1 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2010 VL 686 BP 433 EP 453 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-9485-8_24 PG 21 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Research & Experimental Medicine GA BRC95 UT WOS:000282382800024 PM 20824459 ER PT J AU Villarruel, AM Gal, TL Eakin, BL Wilkes, A Herbst, JH AF Villarruel, Antonia M. Gal, Taryn L. Eakin, Brenda L. Wilkes, Aisha Herbst, Jeffrey H. TI From Research to Practice: The Importance of Community Collaboration in the Translation Process SO RESEARCH AND THEORY FOR NURSING PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE translation; dissemination; interdisciplinary; collaboration; Latino; youth ID EFFECTIVE BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS; PREVENTION RESEARCH; HIV; RISK AB In order for effective interventions to make an impact on their target population, they must be successfully translated and disseminated to the organizations that will ultimately deliver them to those in need. !Cuidate!, a culturally based intervention to reduce HIV sexual risk among Latino youth, was identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Prevention Research Synthesis (PRS) project as "best evidence" of intervention efficacy and selected as part of the CDC's Replicating Effective Programs (REP). The REP process consisted of the design, development, and field-testing of the !Cuidate! program package in community-based, nonacademic settings. Project staff worked with CDC and community-based partners throughout the REP process. Community partners included a community advisory board (CAB) and four case agencies. Case agency staff participated in a facilitator training and subsequently implemented the !Cuidate! program at their respective agencies. Process evaluation findings showed that facilitators were able to effectively use program materials and implement the program with fidelity. Adolescent participants reported they liked the program and would recommend the project to others. Only slight modifications to program and training materials were necessary following evaluation. Lessons learned included the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and utilizing the resources available from each collaborative partner. C1 [Villarruel, Antonia M.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Wilkes, Aisha; Herbst, Jeffrey H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Villarruel, AM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Nursing, 400 N Ingalls,Suite 4320, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM avillarr@umich.edu FU CDC [11162PS000581] FX The authors thank JoAna M. Stallworth, Phyllis Stoll, and Marlene Glassman at the CDC for their valuable assistance in developing the !Cuidate! package materials. Support for this publication was made possible by CDC cooperative agreement 11162PS000581 to Dr. Antonia Villarruel. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 11 WEST 42ND STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA SN 1541-6577 J9 RES THEOR NURS PRACT JI Res. Theory Nurs. Pract. PY 2010 VL 24 IS 1 BP 25 EP 34 DI 10.1891/1541-6577.24.1.25 PG 10 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 741AG UT WOS:000288834900004 PM 20333910 ER PT J AU Guibourdenche, M Roggentin, P Mikoleit, M Fields, PI Bockemuhl, J Grimont, PAD Weill, FX AF Guibourdenche, Martine Roggentin, Peter Mikoleit, Matthew Fields, Patricia I. Bockemuehl, Jochen Grimont, Patrick A. D. Weill, Francois-Xavier TI Supplement 2003-2007 (No. 47) to the White-Kauffmann-Le Minor scheme SO RESEARCH IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; Serovars; Taxonomy; White-Kauffmann-Le Minor scheme AB This supplement reports the characterization of 70 new Salmonella serovars recognized between 2003 and 2007 by the WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Salmonella: 44 were assigned to Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica, I I to subspecies salamae, 5 to subspecies arizonae, 8 to subspecies diarizonae, one to subspecies houtenae and one to Salmonella bongori. One new serovar, Mygdal, displayed a new H factor, H:z(91). (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Guibourdenche, Martine; Grimont, Patrick A. D.; Weill, Francois-Xavier] Inst Pasteur, WHO, Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Salmonella, Unite Biodiversite Bacteries Pathogenes Emergente, Paris, France. [Roggentin, Peter; Bockemuehl, Jochen] Salmonella Zent, Inst Hyg & Umwelt, Hamburg, Germany. [Mikoleit, Matthew; Fields, Patricia I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Weill, FX (reprint author), Inst Pasteur, WHO, Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Salmonella, Unite Biodiversite Bacteries Pathogenes Emergente, Paris, France. EM fxweill@pasteur.fr OI Weill, Francois-Xavier/0000-0001-9941-5799; Mikoleit, Matthew/0000-0002-4582-6733; Grimont, Patrick/0000-0002-6264-136X NR 4 TC 123 Z9 130 U1 0 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-2508 J9 RES MICROBIOL JI Res. Microbiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 161 IS 1 BP 26 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.resmic.2009.10.002 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 561EP UT WOS:000274958900004 PM 19840847 ER PT S AU Risher, JF Todd, GD Meyer, D Zunker, CL AF Risher, John F. Todd, G. Daniel Meyer, Dean Zunker, Christie L. BE Whitacre, DM TI The Elderly as a Sensitive Population in Environmental Exposures: Making the Case SO REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY, VOL 207 SE Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; ADVERSE DRUG EVENTS; AGING IMMUNE-SYSTEM; EPIDERMAL-GROWTH-FACTOR; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS; VITAMIN-A HEPATOTOXICITY; HUMAN DENDRITIC CELLS C1 [Risher, John F.; Todd, G. Daniel] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol F 32, Toxicol Informat Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Meyer, Dean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zunker, Christie L.] Neuropsychiat Res Inst, Dept Neurosci, Fargo, ND 58103 USA. RP Risher, JF (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol F 32, Toxicol Informat Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jrisher@cdc.gov; gtodd@cdc.gov; lzz5@cdc.gov; czunker@nrifargo.com NR 474 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0179-5953 BN 978-1-4419-6405-2 J9 REV ENVIRON CONTAM T JI Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PY 2010 VL 207 BP 95 EP 157 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-6406-9_2 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-6406-9 PG 63 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BQA71 UT WOS:000280521800002 PM 20652665 ER PT J AU Fonseca-Gonzalez, I Cardenas, R Gomez, W Santacoloma, L Brochero, H Ocampo, C Salazar, M Mcallister, J Brogdon, W Quinones, M AF Fonseca-Gonzalez, Idalyd Cardenas, Rocio Gomez, Wilber Santacoloma, Liliana Brochero, Helena Ocampo, Clara Salazar, Miriam Mcallister, Janet Brogdon, William Quinones, Martha TI Diagnostic doses for monitoring insecticide resistance of malaria vectors in Colombia SO REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE ENTOMOLOGIA LA Spanish DT Article DE Vector control; Anopheles albimanus; Anopheles darlingi; Anopheles nuneztovari; Bioassays in malaria ID ANOPHELES-DARLINGI; SOUTHERN COLOMBIA; OSWALDOI; DDT AB The control of mosquito vectors of malaria is largely based on insecticide applications, either on the inside walls of dwellings or on treated nets. For that reason, the surveillance of insecticide resistance in these species is essential for the definition of plans and strategies of malaria control. The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic doses of several insecticides used in public health for the main vectors of malaria in Colombia: Anopheles darlingi, A. albimanus and A. nuneztovari, using the methodology of impregnated bottles developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Natural populations of the three species, submitted to low or no insecticide pressure, were selected with which bioassays were conducted to determine baseline susceptibility. Diagnostic doses (insecticide concentration and diagnostic time), or saturation curves, were established for the insecticides lambda-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, fenitrothion, malathion and DDT for the three vectors; cyfluthrin, permethrin and propoxur for A. albimanus and A. darlingi, and etofenprox and bendiocarb for A. darlingi. The diagnostic doses determined in these susceptible populations will allow an evaluation of the status of insecticide resistance of the main malaria vectors across their distribution in Colombia, strengthening the resistance surveillance system and facilitating decision making for a more appropriate use of insecticides to control malaria in the country. C1 [Fonseca-Gonzalez, Idalyd] Univ Antioquia, Grp Biol & Control Enfermedades Infecciosas, Medellin, Colombia. [Fonseca-Gonzalez, Idalyd; Cardenas, Rocio; Quinones, Martha] Univ Antioquia, PECET, Medellin, Colombia. [Gomez, Wilber] Direcc Secc Salud Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia. [Santacoloma, Liliana; Brochero, Helena] Inst Nacl Salud, Entomol Lab, Bogota, Colombia. [Santacoloma, Liliana; Brochero, Helena] Univ Nacl Colombia, Fac Agron, Bogota, Colombia. [Ocampo, Clara; Salazar, Miriam] CIDEIM, Cali, Colombia. [Mcallister, Janet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Brogdon, William] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Quinones, Martha] Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Salud Publ, Fac Med, Bogota, Colombia. RP Fonseca-Gonzalez, I (reprint author), Univ Antioquia, Grp Biol & Control Enfermedades Infecciosas, Calle 62,52-59 Lab 620, Medellin, Colombia. EM idalyd.fonseca@siu.udea.edu.co NR 19 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 9 PU SOC COLOMBIANA ENTOMOLOGIA-SOCOLEN PI SANTAFE DE BOGOTA PA APARTADO AEREO 11366, SANTAFE DE BOGOTA, D.C. 00000, COLOMBIA SN 0120-0488 J9 REV COLOMB ENTOMOL JI Rev. Colomb. Entomol. PD JAN-JUN PY 2010 VL 36 IS 1 BP 54 EP 61 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 650GC UT WOS:000281836200011 ER PT S AU Gonzalez-Reiche, AS Monzon-Pineda, MD Johnson, BW Morales-Betoulle, ME AF Silvia Gonzalez-Reiche, Ana de Lourdes Monzon-Pineda, Maria Johnson, Barbara W. Eugenia Morales-Betoulle, Maria BE King, N TI Detection of West Nile Viral RNA from Field-Collected Mosquitoes in Tropical Regions by Conventional and Real-Time RT-PCR SO RT-PCR PROTOCOLS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE RT-PCR; Real-time RT-PCR; Viral RNA; Flavivirus; West Nile virus; Field-collected mosquitoes ID VIRUS ISOLATION; PUERTO-RICO; FLAVIVIRUS; ASSAY; GUATEMALA; ARGENTINA; OUTBREAK; HORSES; MEXICO AB West Nile virus (WNV) is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus, which has rapidly spread and is currently widely distributed. Therefore, efforts for WNV early detection and ecological surveillance of this disease agent have been increased around the world. Although virus isolation is known to be the standard method for detection and identification of viruses, the use of RT-PCR assays as routine laboratory tests provides a rapid alterative suitable for the detection of viral RNA on field-collected samples. A method for WNV RNA genome detection in field-collected mosquitoes is presented in this chapter. This method has been designed for virus surveillance in tropical regions endemic for other flaviviruses. Reverse Transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) assays, both standard and real time, to detect WNV and other flaviviruses are described. A first screening for flavivirus RNA detection is performed using a conventional RT-PCR with two different sets of flavivirus consensus primers. Mosquito samples are then tested for WNV RNA by a real-time (TaqMan) RT-PCR assay. Sample preparation and RNA extraction procedures are also described. C1 [Silvia Gonzalez-Reiche, Ana; de Lourdes Monzon-Pineda, Maria; Eugenia Morales-Betoulle, Maria] Univ Valle Guatemala, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Estudios Salud, Reg Off Cent Amer & Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Johnson, Barbara W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Diagnost & Reference Lab, Arbovirus Dis Branch, DVBID, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Gonzalez-Reiche, AS (reprint author), Univ Valle Guatemala, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Estudios Salud, Reg Off Cent Amer & Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala. OI Gonzalez-Reiche, Ana/0000-0003-3583-4497 NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-60761-628-3 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2010 VL 630 BP 109 EP 124 DI 10.1007/978-1-60761-629-0_8 D2 10.1007/978-1-60761-629-0 PG 16 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BOE10 UT WOS:000276356500008 PM 20300994 ER PT J AU Ruiz, P Fowler, BA Osterloh, JD Fisher, J Mumtaz, M AF Ruiz, P. Fowler, B. A. Osterloh, J. D. Fisher, J. Mumtaz, M. TI Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) tool kit for environmental pollutants - metals SO SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE arsenic; mercury; cadmium; PBPK; toxicokinetic; NHANES ID MERCURY FOLLOWING EXPOSURE; METHYL MERCURY; TOXICOKINETIC MODEL; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; RISK-ASSESSMENT; US POPULATION; CADMIUM; ELIMINATION; METABOLISM; HUMANS AB The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) is mandated by the US Congress to identify significant human exposure levels, develop methods to determine such exposures, and design strategies to mitigate them. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are increasingly being used to evaluate toxicity of environmental pollutants through multiple exposure pathways. As part of its translational research project, ATSDR is developing a human 'PBPK model tool kit' that consists of a series of published models re-coded in a common simulation language. The tool kit currently consists of models, at various stages of development, for priority environmental contaminants including solvents and persistent organic pollutants. Presented here are results of translational activities of re-coding models for cadmium, mercury, and arsenic. As part of this work, following re-coding each new model was evaluated for fidelity followed by sensitivity analysis. Good agreement was generally obtained for all three models when predictions of original and re-coded model simulations were compared. Also presented is an application of the cadmium toxicokinetic model to interpret biomonitoring data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The PBPK tool kit will enable ATSDR scientists to perform simulations of exposures from contaminated environmental media at sites of concern and to better interpret site-specific biomonitoring data. C1 [Ruiz, P.; Fowler, B. A.; Mumtaz, M.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Computat Toxicol & Methods Dev Lab, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Osterloh, J. D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fisher, J.] Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Ruiz, P (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Computat Toxicol & Methods Dev Lab, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Atlanta, GA USA. EM pruiz@cdc.gov FU ATSDR [1U01US000078]; University of Georgia FX This work was performed under ATSDR Cooperative Agreement 1U01US000078 with the University of Georgia. Thanks to Dr Sean Hays for helping re-coding the models in Berkeley Madonna and Meredith Ray for her valuable support during the project. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 23 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1062-936X J9 SAR QSAR ENVIRON RES JI SAR QSAR Environ. Res. PY 2010 VL 21 IS 7-8 BP 603 EP 618 AR PII 930337745 DI 10.1080/1062936X.2010.528942 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Environmental Sciences; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Toxicology GA 687GD UT WOS:000284766100003 PM 21120752 ER PT J AU Wong, C Berkowitz, Z Saraiya, M Wideroff, L Benard, VB AF Wong, Charlene Berkowitz, Zahava Saraiya, Mona Wideroff, Louise Benard, Vicki B. TI US physicians' intentions regarding impact of human papillomavirus vaccine on cervical cancer screening SO SEXUAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Pap cytology; prevention ID EARLY-DETECTION PROGRAM; UNITED-STATES; PRACTICE GUIDELINES; NATIONAL BREAST; HPV VACCINATION; HEALTH; WOMEN; ERA AB Background: US cervical cancer screening recommendations have not changed since the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine introduction in 2006, but epidemiological and cost-effectiveness studies indicate that recommendations will need to change for fully vaccinated women. We evaluated physician intentions regarding HPV vaccine's impact on future screening. Methods: A nationally representative sample of 1212 primary care physicians was surveyed in 2006-2007 (response rate: 67.5%). Our study included 1114 physicians who provided Pap testing. Questions covered Pap test screening practices and intentions regarding HPV vaccine's impact on screening. Distribution differences were assessed using chi(2) statistics; multivariate analyses were performed. Results: Overall, 40.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 37.6-43.8%) of physicians agreed that the HPV vaccine will affect screening initiation, and 38.2% (35.0-41.5%) agreed that vaccination will affect screening frequency. Significant differences in responses were found by specialty; internists were more likely to agree that vaccination would impact screening than other specialties. Belief in the effectiveness of new screening technologies was associated with intention to change screening initiation (odds ratio (OR) = 1.66 (1.20-2.31)) and frequency (OR = 1.99 (1.40-2.83)). Adherence to current Pap test screening interval guidelines was associated with intention to change screening frequency (OR = 1.39 (1.01-1.91)). Conclusions: Many providers anticipate adjusting screening for vaccinated women, but a significant group believes nothing will change or are unsure. The present study provides important baseline data on intentions in the period preceding widespread vaccine diffusion and may help explain current and future trends in practice patterns. C1 [Wong, Charlene; Berkowitz, Zahava; Saraiya, Mona; Benard, Vicki B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Wideroff, Louise] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Wong, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM hrl5@cdc.gov RI Hernandez, Jessica/G-6527-2011 FU National Cancer Institute contract and Interagency Agreements with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; External Medical Affairs; Pfizer Inc. FX Grant support from a National Cancer Institute contract and Interagency Agreements with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.; Selected data were presented at the 2009 International Papillomavirus Conference. We thank Dr Carrie Klabunde of the National Cancer Institute and Dr Caroline McLeod of WESTAT (Rockville, MD, USA) for survey research work. Charlene Wong completed this project during her 1-year fellowship The CDC Experience, a public/private partnership supported by a grant to the CDC Foundation from External Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the National Cancer Institute. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1448-5028 J9 SEX HEALTH JI Sex Health PY 2010 VL 7 IS 3 BP 338 EP 345 DI 10.1071/SH09115 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 640EA UT WOS:000281029900020 PM 20719225 ER PT J AU Marcus, JL Bernstein, KT Stephens, SC Snell, A Kohn, RP Liska, S Klausner, JD AF Marcus, Julia L. Bernstein, Kyle T. Stephens, Sally C. Snell, Ameera Kohn, Robert P. Liska, Sally Klausner, Jeffrey D. TI Sentinel Surveillance of Rectal Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Among Males-San Francisco, 2005-2008 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article DE sentinel surveillance; gonorrhea; chlamydia; sexually transmited diseases; men who have sex with men ID HIV-INFECTION; MEN; SEX; PREVALENCE; CALIFORNIA AB Rectal gonorrhea cases among males remained stable in San Francisco during 2005-2008, but rectal chlamydia increased 38 percent. While testing increased, rectal gonorrhea positivity declined at the STD clinic, and both infections remained stable elsewhere. Sentinel surveillance provides a better understanding of disease trends than case reporting alone. C1 [Marcus, Julia L.] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, STD Prevent & Control Serv, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA. [Stephens, Sally C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Council State & Territorial Epidemiologists Appl, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Marcus, JL (reprint author), San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, STD Prevent & Control Serv, 1360 Mission St,Ste 401, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA. EM julia.marcus@sfdph.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1H25PS001354-01] FX Supported by the Comprehensive STD Prevention Projects (1H25PS001354-01), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 37 IS 1 BP 59 EP 61 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181b76c42 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 538BP UT WOS:000273159400012 PM 20118677 ER PT J AU Liu, Y McKnight-Eily, LR Chapman, DP Croft, JB AF Liu, Y. McKnight-Eily, L. R. Chapman, D. P. Croft, J. B. TI ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN PERCEIVED INSUFFICIENT SLEEP, FREQUENT MENTAL DISTRESS, AND CHRONIC DISEASES AMONG US ADULTS, 2008 SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Liu, Y.] Business Comp Applicat Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Liu, Y.; McKnight-Eily, L. R.; Chapman, D. P.; Croft, J. B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 2010 VL 33 SU S MA 0227 BP A79 EP A79 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA V21LB UT WOS:000208208000230 ER PT J AU Wheaton, AG Chapman, DP McKnight-Eily, LR Presley-Cantrell, LR Croft, JB Perry, GS AF Wheaton, A. G. Chapman, D. P. McKnight-Eily, L. R. Presley-Cantrell, L. R. Croft, J. B. Perry, G. S. TI BODY MASS INDEX AND PERCEIVED INSUFFICIENT SLEEP SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wheaton, A. G.; Chapman, D. P.; McKnight-Eily, L. R.; Presley-Cantrell, L. R.; Croft, J. B.; Perry, G. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 2010 VL 33 SU S MA 0870 BP A291 EP A291 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA V21LB UT WOS:000208208001355 ER PT J AU Saari, DG Asay, GR AF Saari, Donald G. Asay, Garrett R. TI Finessing a point: augmenting the core SO SOCIAL CHOICE AND WELFARE LA English DT Article ID VOTING MODELS; INTRANSITIVITIES; COMPETITION AB The "finesse point" introduced here extends the notion of a core; it is a position that minimizes what a candidate needs to do to counter moves that are made by an opponent. The definition, which is motivated by the "chaos theorem" as well as by the dynamics of positive and negative political campaigning, is also used to define a "malicious point," which is an optimal location from which a candidate can engage in "negative campaigning.". C1 [Saari, Donald G.] Univ Calif Irvine, Inst Math Behav Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Asay, Garrett R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Saari, DG (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Inst Math Behav Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM dsaari@uci.edu NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0176-1714 J9 SOC CHOICE WELFARE JI Soc Choice Welf. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 34 IS 1 BP 121 EP 143 DI 10.1007/s00355-009-0391-7 PG 23 WC Economics; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Business & Economics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 549JA UT WOS:000274043000006 ER PT J AU Torrone, EA Levandowski, BA Thomas, JC Isler, MR Leone, PA AF Torrone, Elizabeth A. Levandowski, Brooke A. Thomas, James C. Isler, Malika Roman Leone, Peter A. TI Identifying Gaps in HIV Prevention Services SO SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE HIV prevention; community planning; health disparities ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; RURAL-AREAS; VIRAL LOAD; CARE; BARRIERS; HIV/AIDS; ASSOCIATION; POPULATIONS; PERSPECTIVE; SYPHILIS AB Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention programs and agencies are fighting growing rates of infection with decreasing resources. Identification of gaps in HIV prevention services can help inform prevention funding and program policies. To describe HIV prevention needs in a southern U.S. state, we conducted face-to-face interviews with prevention agencies and persons considered by others in their community to be "influential informants" of the community's HIV prevention services in a sample of counties in North Carolina. Using county as the unit of analysis (n = 10), we investigated differences in gaps by community characteristics, such as disparities in sexually transmitted disease rates. Lack of programs and problems with service program coordination/cooperation were reported frequently by rural counties. The most commonly reported barrier to meeting the needs of persons at risk for HIV was funding, followed by stigma. Findings from this study can inform local and regional planners on how to efficiently target prevention programs, including programs aimed at reducing racial and geographic disparities in sexually transmitted diseases, such as HIV. C1 [Torrone, Elizabeth A.; Levandowski, Brooke A.; Thomas, James C.; Leone, Peter A.] UNC Chapel Hill Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Isler, Malika Roman] UNC Chapel Hill Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Educ & Hlth Behav, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Leone, Peter A.] UNC Chapel Hill Sch Med, Dept Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Leone, Peter A.] N Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Torrone, EA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ETorrone@cdc.gov FU AHRQ HHS [1-P01-HS10861] NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1937-1918 J9 SOC WORK PUBLIC HLTH JI Soc. Work Public Health PY 2010 VL 25 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 327 EP 340 DI 10.1080/19371910903240761 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Work SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Work GA 838AC UT WOS:000296256600007 PM 20446179 ER PT J AU Wiersma, P Epperson, S Terp, S LaCourse, S Finton, B Drenzek, C Arnold, K Finelli, L AF Wiersma, Petra Epperson, Scott Terp, Sophie LaCourse, Sylvia Finton, Bob Drenzek, Cherie Arnold, Kathryn Finelli, Lyn TI Episodic Illness, Chronic Disease, and Health Care Use Among Homeless Persons in Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, 2007 SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE chronic illness; episodic illness; homeless population; influenza vaccination; pneumococcal vaccination ID NEW-YORK-CITY; PNEUMOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA; URBAN HOMELESS; RISK-FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; POPULATION; ADULTS; TUBERCULOSIS; HOSPITALIZATION; PREVALENCE AB Background: Homeless persons are at higher risk for morbidity and mortality from both chronic and episodic illness than the general population. Few data are available on the prevalence of these conditions and uptake of vaccination for prevention. Methods: In March 2007, we administered a cross-sectional survey to a convenience sample of homeless persons in Atlanta. Results: Approximately half (46.2%) of the survey participants reported at least one chronic medical condition. Acute respiratory symptoms within the previous 30 days were reported by up to 57.7% of survey participants. Receipt of influenza vaccination was reported by 31.9% of survey participants, receipt of pneumococcal vaccine by 18.7%. Vaccination rates varied by age and risk group. Discussion: The survey demonstrated high rates of morbidity in this population. Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination rates were suboptimal. Culturally appropriate interventions must be developed to prevent respiratory and other diseases in this important group. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Elective Program, Atlanta, GA USA. Fulton Cty Dept Hlth & Wellness, Atlanta, GA USA. Georgia Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wiersma, P (reprint author), 5120 Geneva Pl, Dulles, VA 20189 USA. EM petra.wiersma@gmail.com NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 103 IS 1 BP 18 EP 24 DI 10.1097/SMJ.0b013e3181c46f79 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 604OP UT WOS:000278288700007 PM 19996848 ER PT J AU Alverson, DC Edison, K Flournoy, L Korte, B Magruder, C Miller, C AF Alverson, Dale C. Edison, Karen Flournoy, Larry Korte, Brenda Magruder, Charles Miller, Craig TI Telehealth Tools for Public Health, Emergency, or Disaster Preparedness and Response: A Summary Report SO TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL AND E-HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material DE distance learning; e-health; extreme environments; telehealth; telemedicine AB Rapid advances in telehealth development and adoption are increasing the spectrum of information and communication technologies that can be applied not only to individual patient care but more broadly to population health as well. Participants in this breakout session were asked to address, from their diverse perspectives, a series of questions relating to the current and potential uses of telehealth applications and networks for public health and emergency/disaster preparedness and response systems. Participants identified several gaps in current understanding and research emphasis. There is a clear need for more and larger outcome studies to assess the impact and cost benefit of telehealth applications in terms of improving public health at the population and community levels. In addition, more research is needed to demonstrate the ability of telehealth tools and technologies to facilitate and extend the reach of major national clinical and public health research initiatives. Perhaps most importantly, the National Institutes of Health should develop and/or strengthen strategic partnerships with other funding agencies with overlapping or complementary interests to accelerate interdisciplinary research in this rapidly evolving but relatively understudied and complex field. C1 [Alverson, Dale C.] Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Telehlth & Cybermed Res, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Edison, Karen] Univ Missouri, Dept Dermatol, Columbia, MO USA. [Flournoy, Larry] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Korte, Brenda] Natl Inst Biomed Imaging & Bioengn, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Magruder, Charles] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Miller, Craig] US Dept HHS, Fed Hlth Architecture Program, Off Natl Coordinator Hlth Informat Technol, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Alverson, DC (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Telehlth & Cybermed Res, 1005 Columbia NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM dalverson@salud.unm.edu NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-5627 J9 TELEMED J E-HEALTH JI Telemed. J. e-Health PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 112 EP 114 DI 10.1089/tmj.2009.0149 PG 3 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 551BV UT WOS:000274181600019 PM 20043703 ER PT B AU Hamilton, BE Ventura, SJ AF Hamilton, Brady E. Ventura, Stephanie J. BE Sheiner, E TI Epidemiology of Fertility, Pregnancies and Abortions SO TEXTBOOK OF PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID UNITED-STATES C1 [Hamilton, Brady E.; Ventura, Stephanie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Vital Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Hamilton, BE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Vital Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Rm 7416, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM BHamilton@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60741-648-7 PY 2010 BP 147 EP 172 PG 26 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BSD80 UT WOS:000284237200011 ER PT J AU Hooper, WC AF Hooper, W. Craig TI Venous thromboembolism in African-Americans: A literature-based commentary SO THROMBOSIS RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID FACTOR-V-LEIDEN; HOSPITAL DISCHARGE SURVEY; ACUTE PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; SINGLE GENETIC-ORIGIN; SICKLE-CELL TRAIT; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PROTHROMBIN GENE; FIBRINOGEN LEVELS; UNITED-STATES; CASE-FATALITY AB Among the cardiovascular diseases and after ischemic heart disease and stroke, venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the third leading cause of death in the U.S. (3). Although VTE is seen across most ethnic groups in the U.S. as well as throughout the world, the rate varies. In the U.S., American Indians/Alaskan Natives as well as Asians have been reported to have a significantly lower rate of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) as compared to blacks and whites. In sharp conrast blacks appear to have much higher rates than whites. Although these rate differences are thought in part by some to be attributable to disparities in diagnosis and care as well as genetics, it nevertheless is important to de. ne as well as to understand the true incidence and impact so that both public health and clinical resources can be maximally utilized. The purpose of this commentary is to review the VTE burden in the U.S. with respect to ethnicity in terms of clinical demographics and genetics with particular emphasis on blacks. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hooper, WC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Blood Disorders, MS D02,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM chooper@cdc.gov NR 83 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0049-3848 J9 THROMB RES JI Thromb. Res. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 125 IS 1 BP 12 EP 18 DI 10.1016/j.thromres.2009.04.019 PG 7 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 560XC UT WOS:000274937100005 PM 19573896 ER PT J AU Eisen, RJ Eisen, L Girard, YA Fedorova, N Mun, J Slikas, B Leonhard, S Kitron, U Lane, RS AF Eisen, Rebecca J. Eisen, Lars Girard, Yvette A. Fedorova, Natalia Mun, Jeomhee Slikas, Beth Leonhard, Sarah Kitron, Uriel Lane, Robert S. TI A spatially-explicit model of acarological risk of exposure to Borrelia burgdorferi-infected Ixodes pacificus nymphs in northwestern California based on woodland type, temperature, and water vapor SO TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Borrelia burgdorferi; Ixodes pacificu; California; Lyme borrelio is; Spatial risk model ID LYME-DISEASE RISK; CLIMATIC CONDITIONS; SCAPULARIS ACARI; MENDOCINO COUNTY; DENSE WOODLANDS; HABITAT TYPE; IXODIDAE; HOST; TICKS; PATTERNS AB In the far-western United States the nymphal stage of the western black-legged tick Ixodes pacificus has been implicated as the primary vector to humans of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (hereinafter referred to as B burgdorferi) the causative agent of Lyme borreliosis in North America In the present study we sought to determine if infection prevalence with B burgdorferi in I pacificus nymphs and the density of Infected nymphs differ between dense-woodland types within Mendocino County California and to develop and evaluate a spatially-explicit model for density of Infected nymphs in dense woodlands within this high-Incidence area for Lyme borreliosis In total 4 9% (264) of 5431 1 pacificus nymphs tested for the presence of B burgdorferi were infected Among the 78 sampling sites infection prevalence ranged from 0% to 22% and density of infected nymphs from 0 to 2 04 per 100 m(2) Infection prevalence was highest in woodlands dominated by hardwoods (62%) and lowest for redwood (1 9%) and coastal pine (0%) Density of infected nymphs also was higher in hardwood-dominated woodlands than in conifer-dominated ones that included redwood or pine Our spatial risk model which yielded an overall accuracy of 85% indicated that warmer areas with less variation between maximum and minimum monthly water vapor in the air were more lil ely to include woodlands with elevated acarological risk of exposure to infected nymphs We found that 37% of dense woodlands in the county were predicted to pose an elevated risk of exposure to infected nymphs and that 94% of the dense-woodland areas that were predicted to harbor elevated densities of infected nymphs were located on privately-owned land Published by Elsevier GmbH C1 [Eisen, Rebecca J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Eisen, Lars] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Girard, Yvette A.; Fedorova, Natalia; Leonhard, Sarah; Lane, Robert S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mun, Jeomhee] Dept Hlth, Vector Control Branch, Lihue, HI USA. [Slikas, Beth] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. [Kitron, Uriel] Emory Univ, Dept Environm Studies, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Eisen, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. FU National Institutes of Health [AI22501]; National Science Foundation [0525755] FX We thank J E Kleinjan P Rogers and A M Schotthoefer for technical assistance and the many private landowners and public land managers who allowed us access to their properties This work was supported in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health (AI22501) and the National Science Foundation Ecology of Infectious Diseases program (0525755) The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health NR 40 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1877-959X J9 TICKS TICK-BORNE DIS JI Ticks Tick-Borne Dis. PY 2010 VL 1 IS 1 BP 35 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2009.12.002 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology GA 701MB UT WOS:000285820900006 PM 20532183 ER PT J AU Margos, G Hojgaard, A Lane, RS Cornet, M Fingerle, V Rudenko, N Ogden, N Aanensen, DM Fish, D Piesman, J AF Margos, Gabriele Hojgaard, Andrias Lane, Robert S. Cornet, Muriel Fingerle, Volker Rudenko, Nataliia Ogden, Nicholas Aanensen, David M. Fish, Durland Piesman, Joseph TI Multilocus sequence analysis of Borrelia bissettii strains from North America reveals a new Borrelia species, Borrelia kurtenbachii SO TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Borrelia bissettii; Borrelia kurtenbachii sp nov.; Ixodes; Multilocus sequence analysis; Molecular ecology ID BURGDORFERI SENSU-LATO; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; ENZOOTIC TRANSMISSION CYCLE; SOUTHERN UNITED-STATES; LYME-DISEASE RISK; SPIELMANII SP-NOV; JAPONICA SP-NOV; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; IXODES-PACIFICUS; SP. NOV. AB Using multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA), we investigated the phylogenetic relationship of spirochaete strains from North America previously assigned to the genospecies Borrelia bissettii. We amplified internal fragments of 8 housekeeping genes (clpA, clpX, nifS, pepX, pyrG, recG, rplB, and uvrA) located on the main linear chromosome by polymerase chain reaction. Phylogenetic analysis of concatenated sequences of the 8 lad showed that the B. bissettii clade consisted of 4 closely related clusters which included strains from California (including the type strain DN127-C19-2/p7) and Colorado that were isolated from Ixodes pacificus, I. spinipalpis, or infected reservoir hosts. Several strains isolated from I. scapularis clustered distantly from B. bissettii. Genetic distance analyses confirmed that these strains are more distant to B. bissettii than B. carolinensis, a recently described Borrelia species, which suggests that they constitute a new Borrelia genospecies. We propose that it be named Borrelia kurtenbachii sp. nov. in honour of the late Klaus Kurtenbach. The data suggest that ecological differences between B. bissettii and the new Borrelia genospecies reflect different transmission cycles. In view of these findings, the distinct vertebrate host-tick vector associations and the distributions of B. bissettii and B. kurtenbachii require further investigation. (C) 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Margos, Gabriele] Univ Bath, Dept Biol & Biochem, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. [Hojgaard, Andrias; Piesman, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Lane, Robert S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Div Organisms & Environm, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cornet, Muriel] Ctr Natl Reference Borrelia, Inst Pasteur, Paris, France. [Fingerle, Volker] Bayer Landesamt Gesundheit & Lebensmittelsicherhe, Natl Reference Ctr Borrelia, Branch Oberschleissheim, D-85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany. [Rudenko, Nataliia] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Parasitol, Ctr Biol, CR-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. [Ogden, Nicholas] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Ctr Food Borne Environm & Zoonot Infect Dis, St Hyacinthe, PQ J2S 7C6, Canada. [Aanensen, David M.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, St Marys Hosp, London W2 1PG, England. [Fish, Durland] Yale Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Yale Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Margos, G (reprint author), Univ Bath, Dept Biol & Biochem, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. EM gm250@bath.ac.uk RI Rudenko, Nataliia (Natasha)/J-8571-2012; Cornet, Muriel/M-6563-2014; OI Fingerle, Volker/0000-0002-3835-5646 FU NIH-NIAID [5R21AI065848] FX This work was funded by NIH-NIAID under grant number 5R21AI065848. NR 70 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 4 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1877-959X J9 TICKS TICK-BORNE DIS JI Ticks Tick-Borne Dis. PY 2010 VL 1 IS 4 BP 151 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2010.09.002 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology GA 708MT UT WOS:000286366600001 PM 21157575 ER PT J AU Milhano, N de Carvalho, IL Alves, AS Arroube, S Soares, J Rodriguez, P Carolino, M Nuncio, MS Piesman, J de Sousa, R AF Milhano, Natacha de Carvalho, Isabel Lopes Alves, Ana Sofia Arroube, Sofia Soares, Jorge Rodriguez, Pablo Carolino, Manuela Nuncio, Maria Sofia Piesman, Joseph de Sousa, Rita TI Coinfections of Rickettsia slovaca and Rickettsia helvetica with Borrelia lusitaniae in ticks collected in a Safari Park, Portugal SO TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Ticks; Rickettsia; Borrelia; Safari park; Portugal ID BURGDORFERI SENSU-LATO; SPOTTED-FEVER GROUP; IXODES-RICINUS TICKS; HUMAN GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIOSIS; LYME-DISEASE; ANAPLASMA-PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; MAINLAND PORTUGAL; SP-NOV; IDENTIFICATION; MONACENSIS AB Borrelia and Rickettsia bacteria are the most important tick-borne agents causing disease in Portugal. Identification and characterization of these circulating agents, mainly in recreational areas, is crucial for the development of preventive measures in response to the gradually increasing exposure of humans to tick vectors. A total of 677 questing ticks including Dermacentor marginatus, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Ixodes ricinus, Hyalomma lusitanicum, H. marginatum, and Haemaphysalis punctata were collected in a Safari Park in Alentejo, Portugal, to investigate the prevalences of infection and characterize Borrelia and Rickettsia species. From a total of 371 ticks tested by PCR for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.), of which 247 were tested for Rickettsia, an infection prevalence of 18.3% was found for B. lusitaniae and 55.1% for Rickettsia spp. Sequence analysis of positive amplicons identified the presence of B. lusitaniae (18.3%), R. monacensis strain IRS3 (51.7%), and R. helvetica (48.3%) in I. ricinus. R. slovaca (41.5%), R. raoultii (58.5%), and also B. lusitaniae (21%) were identified in D. marginatus ticks. One (5.9%) H. lusitanicum was infected with B. lusitaniae, and R. massiliae was found in one Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Coinfection was found in 7 (20%) I. ricinus and 34 (23.3%) D. marginatus ticks. We report, for the first time, simultaneous infection with R. helvetica and B. lusitaniae and also R. slovaca, the agent of TIBOLA/DEBONEL, with B. lusitaniae. Additionally, 6 isolates of B. lusitaniae were established, and isolates of Rickettsia were also obtained for the detected species using tick macerates cultured in mammalian and mosquito cell lines. This report describes the detection and isolation of tick-borne agents from a Portuguese Safari Park, highlighting the increased likelihood of infection with multiple agents to potential visitors or staff. (C) 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [de Sousa, Rita] Inst Nacl Saude Dr Ricardo Jorge, Ctr Estudos Vectores & Doencas Infecciosas Doutor, P-2965575 Aguas De Moura, Portugal. [Arroube, Sofia] Univ Evora, Evora, Portugal. [Soares, Jorge; Rodriguez, Pablo] Badoca Safari Pk, Santo Andre, Portugal. [Carolino, Manuela] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, P-1699 Lisbon, Portugal. [Piesman, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP de Sousa, R (reprint author), Inst Nacl Saude Dr Ricardo Jorge, Ctr Estudos Vectores & Doencas Infecciosas Doutor, Ave Liberdade 5, P-2965575 Aguas De Moura, Portugal. EM rita.sousa@insa.min-saude.pt OI Carolino, Manuela/0000-0001-8237-6834; Nuncio, Maria Sofia/0000-0001-5182-6150 NR 40 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1877-959X J9 TICKS TICK-BORNE DIS JI Ticks Tick-Borne Dis. PY 2010 VL 1 IS 4 BP 172 EP 177 DI 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2010.09.003 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology GA 708MT UT WOS:000286366600004 PM 21771525 ER PT S AU Gerner-Smidt, P AF Gerner-Smidt, P. BE Brul, S Fratamico, PM McMeekin, TA TI Systems for real-time, linked foodborne pathogen surveillance SO TRACING PATHOGENS IN THE FOOD CHAIN SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE surveillance; integration; farm-to-fork; outbreaks; Salm-net; Enter-net; PulseNet; databases; networks ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157; INTERNATIONAL OUTBREAK; UNITED-STATES; PULSENET USA; VIBRIO-PARAHAEMOLYTICUS; ALFALFA SPROUTS; ENTER-NET; SALMONELLA; PROTOCOL AB This chapter describes the development of systems for real-time, linked foodborne pathogen surveillance using Salm-net/Enter-net and PulseNet as primary examples. Such systems should be seen in the context of the new International Health Regulations by the World Health Organization that were enacted in 2007 and set the rules for the reporting of public health events of international importance including foodborne infections. In order to fulfill the obligations established in these regulations, each country needs to have an efficient surveillance infrastructure in place for acute public health events. A core element in this respect is a system for real-time food pathogen surveillance from the farm to the fork. Most current systems focus on public health surveillance or surveillance of food and animals, although integrated systems have been implemented in some countries. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gerner-Smidt, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Mail Stop CO-3,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM plg5@cdc.gov NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-496-8 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2010 IS 196 BP 30 EP 46 PG 17 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BVB43 UT WOS:000290956200004 ER PT S AU Cooper, KLF AF Cooper, K. L. F. BE Brul, S Fratamico, PM McMeekin, TA TI Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and other commonly used molecular methods for subtyping of foodborne bacteria SO TRACING PATHOGENS IN THE FOOD CHAIN SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE molecular subtyping; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE); polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques; ribotyping; foodborne disease surveillance ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE PACKAGES; REPETITIVE DNA-SEQUENCES; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE; TYPING METHODS; GENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION; SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS; EPIDEMIC STRAINS AB The application of molecular methods to bacterial subtyping has greatly enhanced the sensitivity with which foodborne disease clusters are detected. This chapter will discuss the basic principles, inherent strengths and weaknesses, and general applicability of each of some of the most commonly used non-gene-specific molecular methods for the subtyping of foodborne bacterial pathogens. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cooper, KLF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM KCooper@cdc.gov NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-496-8 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2010 IS 196 BP 157 EP 180 PG 24 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BVB43 UT WOS:000290956200009 ER PT S AU Hyytia-Trees, EK Ribot, EM AF Hyytia-Trees, E. K. Ribot, E. M. BE Brul, S Fratamico, PM McMeekin, TA TI Development, validation and quality assurance of methods for subtyping of foodborne pathogens SO TRACING PATHOGENS IN THE FOOD CHAIN SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE protocol development; protocol validation; standardized protocol; quality assurance/quality control program; reference library ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; TANDEM-REPEAT ANALYSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; VARIABLE-NUMBER; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; VIBRIO-PARAHAEMOLYTICUS; UNITED-STATES; PULSENET USA; PROTOCOL; STRAINS AB A wide array of molecular subtyping approaches is currently being used to characterize foodborne pathogens in order to assist epidemiologists with cluster detection and trace back studies during outbreak investigations. The data generated by these methods are often used to populate reference databases or libraries. Once a new method has been developed or an old one adapted for this purpose, it must be subjected to the highest scrutiny possible to ensure that the data that will be generated meet the criteria and standard expected of a reference library. In this chapter, we will outline a typical development, validation and quality assurance process for a method to be used in the PulseNet subtyping network. C1 [Hyytia-Trees, E. K.; Ribot, E. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hyytia-Trees, EK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Mail Stop CO3,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM EHyytia-Trees@cdc.gov; ERibot@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-496-8 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2010 IS 196 BP 214 EP 234 PG 21 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BVB43 UT WOS:000290956200011 ER PT J AU Naumann, RB Dellinger, AM Zaloshnja, E Lawrence, BA Miller, TR AF Naumann, Rebecca B. Dellinger, Ann M. Zaloshnja, Eduard Lawrence, Bruce A. Miller, Ted R. TI Incidence and Total Lifetime Costs of Motor Vehicle-Related Fatal and Nonfatal Injury by Road User Type, United States, 2005 SO TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE Crash; Cost; Injury prevention; Road users; Motor vehicle AB Objectives: To estimate the costs of motor vehicle-related fatal and nonfatal injuries in the United States in terms of medical care and lost productivity by road user type. Methods: Incidence and cost data for 2005 were derived from several data sources. Unit costs were calculated for medical spending and productivity losses for fatal and nonfatal injuries, and unit costs were multiplied by incidence to yield total costs. Injury incidence and costs are presented by age, sex, and road user type. Results: Motor vehicle-related fatal and nonfatal injury costs exceeded $99 billion. Costs associated with motor vehicle occupant fatal and nonfatal injuries accounted for 71 percent ($70 billion) of all motor vehicle-related costs, followed by costs associated with motorcyclists ($12 billion), pedestrians ($10 billion), and pedalcyclists ($5 billion). Conclusions: The substantial economic and societal costs associated with these injuries and deaths reinforce the need to implement evidence-based, cost-effective strategies. Evidence-based strategies that target increasing seat belt use, increasing child safety seat use, increasing motorcyclist and pedalcyclist helmet use, and decreasing alcohol-impaired driving are available. C1 [Naumann, Rebecca B.; Dellinger, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Motor Vehicle Injury Prevent Team, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Zaloshnja, Eduard; Lawrence, Bruce A.; Miller, Ted R.] Pacific Inst Res & Evaluat, Calverton, MD USA. RP Naumann, RB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Motor Vehicle Injury Prevent Team, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM RNaumann@cdc.gov OI Miller, Ted/0000-0002-0958-2639 NR 36 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1538-9588 J9 TRAFFIC INJ PREV JI Traffic Inj. Prev. PY 2010 VL 11 IS 4 BP 353 EP 360 AR PII 926084087 DI 10.1080/15389588.2010.486429 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Transportation SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Transportation GA 641YA UT WOS:000281167600004 PM 20730682 ER PT J AU Williams, AF Ali, B Shults, RA AF Williams, Allan F. Ali, Bina Shults, Ruth A. TI The Contribution of Fatal Crashes Involving Teens Transporting Teens SO TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE Teenagers; Passenger; FARS; Graduated licensing; Crash ID LICENSING SYSTEM; PASSENGERS; DRIVERS; RISK; PARENTS; COLLISION; TEENAGERS; PROGRAMS AB Objective: We determined the proportion of all fatal crashes of 16- and 17-year-old drivers that involved the presence of teenage passengers from 2004 to 2008. Methods: Data on fatal crashes of 16- and 17-year-old drivers were derived from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System for the years 2004-2008. Results: For both 16- and 17-year-old drivers, in each of the 5 years examined, at least 39 percent of all their fatal crash events involved the presence of 13- to 19-year-old passengers and no one younger or older. For 16- to 17-year-olds combined, the proportion of crashes involving drivers with teen passengers changed little from 2004 (43%) to 2008 (41%), despite the growth in the number of states with passenger restrictions from 23 to 37 during this period. Conclusion: A high proportion of teen crashes involve the presence of other teens as passengers at the time of the crash. There is a need to find effective ways to reduce these crashes. C1 [Ali, Bina; Shults, Ruth A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Williams, Allan F.] Allan F Williams LLC, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Shults, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rshults@cdc.gov FU National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We thank Tonja Lindsey of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration for providing the data for this report. This work was supported by a grant from the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1538-9588 J9 TRAFFIC INJ PREV JI Traffic Inj. Prev. PY 2010 VL 11 IS 6 BP 567 EP 572 AR PII 930470808 DI 10.1080/15389588.2010.501834 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Transportation SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Transportation GA 689CM UT WOS:000284904900005 PM 21128185 ER PT J AU Petersen, LR Stramer, SL Powers, AM AF Petersen, Lyle R. Stramer, Susan L. Powers, Ann M. TI Chikungunya Virus: Possible Impact on Transfusion Medicine SO TRANSFUSION MEDICINE REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; REUNION ISLAND; INDIAN-OCEAN; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; ESTIMATED RISK; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; ADULT PATIENTS; UNITED-STATES; DENGUE VIRUS; INFECTION AB In recent years, large chikungunya virus (CHIKV) outbreaks originating in Kenya have spread to islands of the Indian Ocean and parts of India, Southeast Asia, and Europe. Concern of transfusion transmission has been heightened for this mosquito-borne arbovirus because of high population infection incidence during outbreaks and the high-titer viremia lasting approximately 6 days. The virus has not circulated in the Americas; however, the abundant presence of competent mosquito vectors suggests large outbreaks are possible should the virus be introduced and autochthonous transmission occur. Chikungunya virus produces a fever-arthralgia syndrome resulting in considerable morbidity and some mortality, particularly among older age groups and/or those with pre-existing conditions. Estimated transfusion risks range as high as 150 per 10 000 donations during outbreaks. Possible measures to prevent possible CHIKV transfusion transmission include deferral of symptomatic donors, discontinuing blood collections in affected areas, and CHIKV nucleic acid screening of donations. Even a relatively small outbreak in Italy resulted in considerable adverse impact on blood collections and economic consequence. Assays suitable for testing donations for CHIKV RNA are not yet available, and given the highly geographically and temporally sporadic nature of CHIKV outbreaks, there may be considerable reluctance to develop and implement them. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Petersen, Lyle R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. Amer Red Cross, Sci Support Off, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Petersen, LR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM lxp2@cdc.gov NR 57 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0887-7963 J9 TRANSFUS MED REV JI Transf. Med. Rev. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 24 IS 1 BP 15 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.tmrv.2009.09.002 PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 534QU UT WOS:000272913000002 PM 19962571 ER PT B AU Turnbull, PCB AF Turnbull, Peter C. B. BE Artenstein, AW TI Anthrax SO VACCINES: A BIOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; VACCINE; IMMUNITY; IMMUNIZATION; ELABORATION; STRAINS C1 [Turnbull, Peter C. B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Turnbull, Peter C. B.] WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. [Turnbull, Peter C. B.] Dstl, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, Wilts, England. [Turnbull, Peter C. B.] Anthrax Reference & Res, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, Wilts, England. RP Turnbull, PCB (reprint author), Anthrax Reference & Res, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, Wilts, England. EM peterturnbull@tesco.net NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4419-1107-0 PY 2010 BP 57 EP 71 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-1108-7_4 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-1108-7 PG 15 WC History & Philosophy Of Science; Immunology; Microbiology SC History & Philosophy of Science; Immunology; Microbiology GA BNC81 UT WOS:000274169300004 ER PT B AU Gallagher, KM Plotkin, SA Katz, SL Orenstein, WA AF Gallagher, Kathleen M. Plotkin, Stanley A. Katz, Samuel L. Orenstein, Walter A. BE Artenstein, AW TI Measles, Mumps, and Rubella SO VACCINES: A BIOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID UNITED-STATES; VIRUS VACCINE; NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS; COMPARATIVE EFFICACY; RECURRENT OUTBREAKS; ASEPTIC-MENINGITIS; TESTICULAR CANCER; VIRAL VACCINES; CONTACT RATES; IMMUNIZATION C1 [Gallagher, Kathleen M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Plotkin, Stanley A.] Univ Penn, Dept Pediat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Katz, Samuel L.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Durham, NC USA. [Orenstein, Walter A.] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Global Hlth Program, Seattle, WA 98102 USA. [Plotkin, Stanley A.] Vaxconsult LLC, Wexford, PA USA. [Katz, Samuel L.] Duke Childrens Hlth Ctr, Dept Pediat, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Gallagher, Kathleen M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Orenstein, Walter A.] CDC, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Plotkin, Stanley A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Plotkin, Stanley A.] Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France. [Plotkin, Stanley A.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Plotkin, Stanley A.] Wistar Inst Anat & Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Gallagher, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop A-47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kgallagher1@cdc.gov; stanley.plotkin@vaxconsult.com; katz0004@mc.duke.edu; walter.orenstein@gatesfoundation.org NR 145 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4419-1107-0 PY 2010 BP 223 EP 247 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-1108-7_13 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-1108-7 PG 25 WC History & Philosophy Of Science; Immunology; Microbiology SC History & Philosophy of Science; Immunology; Microbiology GA BNC81 UT WOS:000274169300013 ER PT S AU Schmid, DS AF Schmid, D. Scott BE Abendroth, A Arvin, AM Moffat, JF TI Varicella-Zoster Virus Vaccine: Molecular Genetics SO VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS SE Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID WILD-TYPE STRAINS; HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; REAL-TIME PCR; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; READING FRAME 62; OKA VACCINE; UNITED-STATES AB The genetic differences that potentially account for the attenuation of the Oka vaccine VZV preparation are more clearly defined than for perhaps any other vaccine in current use. This is due in large part to the small number of differences between the vaccine and the parental strain from which it was derived, and to the high level of genomic conservation that characterizes VZV. This information has been used with great success to develop methods that discriminate vaccine from wild-type strains, to begin determining which specific vaccine markers contribute to the attenuated phenotype, to improve evaluations of vaccine efficacy and safety, and to observe the behavior of the live, attenuated preparation as it becomes more prevalent through widespread immunization. C1 [Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Herpesvirus Team, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl VZV Lab, MMRHLB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schmid, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Herpesvirus Team, 1600 Clifton Rd,Bldg 18,Rm 6-134,MS G-18, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM SSchmid@cdc.gov NR 71 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0070-217X BN 978-3-642-12727-4 J9 CURR TOP MICROBIOL JI Curr.Top.Microbiol.Immunol. PY 2010 VL 342 BP 323 EP 340 DI 10.1007/82_2010_14 D2 10.1007/978-3-642-12728-1 PG 18 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA BQY44 UT WOS:000282104800020 PM 20225010 ER PT J AU Simonen, ML Roivainen, M Iber, J Burns, C Hovi, T AF Simonen, Marja-Leena Roivainen, Merja Iber, Jane Burns, Cara Hovi, Tapani TI Outbreak of poliomyelitis in Finland in 1984-85-Re-analysis of viral sequences using the current standard approach SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Poliovirus; Sequence variation; Epidemics ID TYPE-3; IDENTIFICATION; POLIOVIRUSES; STRAINS AB In 1984, a wild type 3 poliovirus (PV3/FIN84) spread all over Finland causing nine cases of paralytic poliomyelitis and one case of aseptic meningitis. The outbreak was ended in 1985 with an intensive vaccination campaign. By limited sequence comparison with previously isolated PV3 strains, closest relatives of PV3/FIN84 were found among strains circulating in the Mediterranean region. Now we wanted to reanalyse the relationships using approaches currently exploited in poliovirus surveillance. Cell lysates of 22 strains isolated during the outbreak and stored frozen were subjected to RT-PCR amplification in three genomic regions without prior subculture. Sequences of the entire VP1 coding region, 150 nucleotides in the VP1-2A junction, most of the 5' non-coding region, partial sequences of the 3D RNA polymerase coding region and partial 3' non-coding region were compared within the outbreak and with sequences available in data banks. In addition, complete nucleotide sequences were obtained for 2 strains isolated from two different cases of disease during the outbreak. The results confirmed the previously described wide intraepidemic variation of the strains, including amino acid substitutions in antigenic sites, as well as the likely Mediterranean region origin of the strains. Simplot and bootscanning analyses of the complete genomes indicated complicated evolutionary history of the non-capsid coding regions of the genome suggesting several recombinations with different HEV-C viruses in the past. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Simonen, Marja-Leena; Roivainen, Merja; Hovi, Tapani] Natl Inst Hlth & Welf THL, Div Hlth Protect, Dept Infect Dis Surveillance & Control, Gastrointestinal Infect Unit, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland. [Iber, Jane; Burns, Cara] CDC, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hovi, T (reprint author), Natl Inst Hlth & Welf THL, Div Hlth Protect, Dept Infect Dis Surveillance & Control, Gastrointestinal Infect Unit, POB 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland. EM tapani.hovi@thl.fi FU WHO FX This work was supported by the WHO. The authors are grateful to Carita Savolainen-Kopra, PhD, for useful comments on the manuscript, Teemu Smura, MSc, for helpful discussion and for providing the EV-96 complete genome sequence before publication and the 5/NCR primers, and Su-ju Yang and Ann Vincent for sequencing several isolates. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agency. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 147 IS 1 BP 91 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2009.10.012 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 581XY UT WOS:000276560300013 PM 19883702 ER PT B AU Wang, SS Beaty, TH Khoury, MJ AF Wang, Sophia S. Beaty, Terri H. Khoury, Muin J. BE Speicher, MR Antonarakis, SE Motulsky, AG TI Genetic Epidemiology SO VOGEL AND MOTULSKY'S HUMAN GENETICS, FOURTH EDITION: PROBLEMS AND APPROACHES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; QUANTITATIVE-TRAIT; LINKAGE ANALYSIS; BREAST-CANCER; SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS; COMMON DISEASES; POPULATION; MEDICINE; HEALTH AB In this chapter, we describe both the historical and contemporary teminologies that reflect the evolving field of genetic epidemiology. We discuss the conduct of family-based studies to identify high-penetrance disease genes, along with traditional genetic analyses of human pedigrees to assess Mendelian transmission (segregation analysis) or to locate causal genes (linkage analysis/gene mapping). We also describe epidemiologic approaches used to study gene-disease associations (including genome-wide association studies) plus gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. We review analytic and methodologic issues applicable to each of these studies and emerging, nontraditional epidemiologic methods that can be used as all adjunct to traditional approaches, particularly for the simultaneous study of hundreds of thousands of data points per person. We further discuss the challenging nature of analysis, synthesis, and dissemination of these genetic data, and the value of systematic reviews, meta-analyses and consortia in evaluating large bodies of scientific evidence. Finally, we describe the need for follow-up of these results to identify causal variants and the need for translational research efforts to apply these gene discoveries to personalized medicine, such as evaluation of genetic testing in clinical practice (in terms of analytic validity, clinical validity, clinical utility), and to population health including determining the disease risk and burden in populations (e.g., absolute and attributable risks). We also consider the ethical, legal, and social implications of these discoveries. C1 [Wang, Sophia S.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Wang, Sophia S.] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Dept Populat Sci, Div Canc Etiol, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. [Beaty, Terri H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wang, SS (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, 6120 Execut Blvd,Room 5104, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM wangso@mail.nih.gov; tbeaty@jhsph.edu; muk1@cdc.gov NR 79 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-540-37653-8 PY 2010 BP 617 EP 634 DI 10.1007/978-3-540-37654-5_21 D2 10.1007/978-3-540-37654-5 PG 18 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA BNM20 UT WOS:000274935100023 ER PT J AU Basavaraju, SV Mwangi, J Nyamongo, J Zeh, C Kimani, D Shiraishi, RW Madoda, R Okonji, JA Sugut, W Ongwae, S Pitman, JP Marum, LH AF Basavaraju, S. V. Mwangi, J. Nyamongo, J. Zeh, C. Kimani, D. Shiraishi, R. W. Madoda, R. Okonji, J. A. Sugut, W. Ongwae, S. Pitman, J. P. Marum, L. H. TI Reduced risk of transfusion-transmitted HIV in Kenya through centrally co-ordinated blood centres, stringent donor selection and effective p24 antigen-HIV antibody screening SO VOX SANGUINIS LA English DT Article DE blood transfusion; HIV; Kenya; nucleic acid testing ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; DRIED-BLOOD; STORAGE-CONDITIONS; TRANSMISSION; DONATIONS; AFRICA; RNA; PLASMA; SPOTS; QUANTITATION AB Background Following a 1994 study showing a high rate of transfusion-associated HIV, Kenya implemented WHO blood safety recommendations including: organizing the Kenya National Blood Transfusion Service (NBTS), stringent blood donor selection, and universal screening with fourth-generation p24 antigen and HIV antibody assays. Here, we estimate the risk of transfusion-associated HIV transmission in Kenya resulting from NBTS laboratory error and consider the potential safety benefit of instituting pooled nucleic acid testing (NAT) to reduce window period transmission. Methods From November to December 2008 in one NBTS regional centre, and from March to June 2009 in all six NBTS regional centres, every third unit of blood screened negative for HIV by the national algorithm was selected. Dried blood spots were prepared and sent to a reference laboratory for further testing, including NAT. Test results from the reference laboratory and NBTS were compared. Risk of transfusion-associated HIV transmission owing to laboratory error and the estimated yield of implementing NAT were calculated. Findings No cases of laboratory error were detected in 12 435 units tested. We estimate that during the study period, the percentage of units reactive for HIV by NAT but non-reactive by the national algorithm was 0 center dot 0% (95% exact binomial confidence interval, 0 center dot 00-0 center dot 024%). Interpretation By adopting WHO blood safety strategies for resource-limited settings, Kenya has substantially reduced the risk of transfusion-associated HIV infection. As the national testing and donor selection algorithm is effective, implementing NAT is unlikely to add a significant safety benefit. These findings should encourage other countries in the region to fully adopt the WHO strategies. C1 [Basavaraju, S. V.; Pitman, J. P.; Marum, L. H.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Prevent Branch, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Basavaraju, S. V.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mwangi, J.; Kimani, D.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Nyamongo, J.; Madoda, R.; Sugut, W.; Ongwae, S.] Kenya Natl Blood Transfus Serv, Nairobi, Kenya. [Zeh, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC Kenya, Kisumu, Kenya. [Shiraishi, R. W.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Strateg Informat Branch, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Okonji, J. A.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Basavaraju, SV (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Prevent Branch, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM etu7@cdc.gov OI Pitman, John/0000-0001-5983-7241 FU PEPFAR FX U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). Funding was provided by PEPFAR to CDC and NBTS. CDC and NBTS staff participated in the design, data collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data, as well as in writing the manuscript and the decision to submit it for publication. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0042-9007 J9 VOX SANG JI Vox Sang. PY 2010 VL 99 IS 3 BP 212 EP 219 DI 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2010.01340.x PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 650FX UT WOS:000281835700002 PM 20497410 ER PT J AU Basavaraju, SV Mwangi, J Kellogg, TA Odawo, L Marum, LH AF Basavaraju, S. V. Mwangi, J. Kellogg, T. A. Odawo, L. Marum, L. H. CA 2007 Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey G TI Quantification of print, radio and television exposure among previous blood donors in Kenya: an opportunity for encouraging repeat donation in a resource-limited setting? SO VOX SANGUINIS LA English DT Article DE blood donation; kenya; media campaigns AB Blood services in sub-Saharan Africa experience blood shortages and low retention of voluntary, non-remunerated donors. To boost collections by encouraging repeat donations, the Kenya National Blood Transfusion Service is exploring the likelihood of reaching previous donors through targeted print, radio and television advertising. We analysed data from a national AIDS Indicator Survey to determine whether previous donors have significant exposure to media. Respondents reporting history of blood donation had significantly higher exposure to print, radio and television media than those without history of blood donation. Targeted media campaigns encouraging repeat donation are likely to reach previous donors even in resource-limited settings. C1 [Basavaraju, S. V.; Marum, L. H.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Prevent Branch, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Basavaraju, S. V.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mwangi, J.; Odawo, L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kellogg, T. A.] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Basavaraju, SV (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM etu7@cdc.gov RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0042-9007 J9 VOX SANG JI Vox Sang. PY 2010 VL 99 IS 3 BP 274 EP 277 DI 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2010.01369.x PG 4 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 650FX UT WOS:000281835700009 PM 20598106 ER PT J AU Whitmore, SK Patel-Larson, A Espinoza, L Ruffo, NM Rao, S AF Whitmore, Suzanne K. Patel-Larson, Alpa Espinoza, Lorena Ruffo, Nan M. Rao, Shubha TI Missed Opportunities to Prevent Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission in 15 Jurisdictions in the United States During 2005-2008 SO WOMEN & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE HIV infection; perinatal HIV prevention; pregnancy testing and treatment for HIV ID PRENATAL-CARE; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HIV; WOMEN; RISK; PROPHYLAXIS; ZIDOVUDINE; INFECTION; INFANTS; COHORT AB The objective of this study was to identify factors related to failure to receive recommended interventions for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission among HIV-infected pregnant women in the United States. Using Enhanced Perinatal Surveillance data from 2005 through 2008, we identified characteristics of HIV-infected women (n = 5,391) that increased their odds of missing an opportunity to prevent perinatal HIV transmission. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated by using backward step-wise logistic regression analyses to determine the relationship between demographic variables and missed opportunities. Of 4,220 HIV-infected pregnant women with complete data, 2,545 (60%) did not receive all of the recommended interventions. Missed opportunities for prevention occurred more often among HIV-infected women aged 25-34 years (aOR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.4-2.5), and greater than 34 years (aOR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.5-2.7) compared to those 13-19 years and among injection drug users (aOR = 1.3, CI = 1.0-1.5) compared to women infected with HIV through heterosexual contact. Clinicians can decrease missed opportunities by routinely providing recommended interventions, especially among HIV-infected women who are injection drug users or aged 25 years or older. C1 [Whitmore, Suzanne K.; Patel-Larson, Alpa; Espinoza, Lorena; Rao, Shubha] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ruffo, Nan M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Whitmore, SK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM SWhitmore@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 0363-0242 J9 WOMEN HEALTH JI Women Health PY 2010 VL 50 IS 5 BP 414 EP 425 AR PII 927058576 DI 10.1080/03630242.2010.506153 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies GA 651AB UT WOS:000281895900002 PM 20853217 ER PT J AU Charles, LE Burchfiel, CM Fekedulegn, D Gu, JK Petrovitch, H Sanderson, WT Masaki, K Rodriguez, BL Andrew, ME Ross, GW AF Charles, Luenda E. Burchfiel, Cecil M. Fekedulegn, Desta Gu, Ja K. Petrovitch, Helen Sanderson, Wayne T. Masaki, Kamal Rodriguez, Beatriz L. Andrew, Michael E. Ross, G. Webster TI Occupational exposure to pesticides, metals, and solvents: The impact on mortality rates in the Honolulu Heart Program SO WORK-A JOURNAL OF PREVENTION ASSESSMENT & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE Occupational health and safety; men's health; mortality rates ID CANCER-MORTALITY; MANUFACTURING WORKERS; JAPANESE MEN; DISEASE; HAWAII; STROKE; ASCERTAINMENT; UPDATE; HEALTH; ADULTS AB Objective: To investigate the impact of occupational exposure to pesticides, metals, and solvents on mortality. Participants: Middle-aged Japanese-American men (n = 7,540) who had participated in the Honolulu Heart Program during 1965-1968. Methods: Industrial hygienists assessed participants' potential for exposure based on their primary job. Cumulative exposure scores were categorized as none, low, medium, and high. The underlying cause of death was ascertained by a physician panel. All associations were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. Results: A total of 4, 485 deaths occurred. Compared to no exposure, pesticide exposure was significantly associated with mortality from all causes, circulatory diseases, stroke, and all cancers. Results for all-cause mortality at the 0-yr lag after risk-factor adjustment were: Low, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.68-1.08; medium, HR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.01-1.37; and high, HR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.06-1.57; trend, p = 0.002. Exposure to metals and solvents was significantly associated with mortality from all causes, cancer, and respiratory disease, and exposure to solvents was additionally associated with mortality from circulatory disease. Associations were strongest at the 15-yr lag. Conclusions: Results show that occupational exposures to pesticides, metals, and solvents during mid-life are independently associated with increased mortality, and indicate potential importance of exposures that occurred approximately 15 years prior to death. C1 [Charles, Luenda E.; Burchfiel, Cecil M.; Fekedulegn, Desta; Gu, Ja K.; Andrew, Michael E.] NIOSH, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Petrovitch, Helen; Ross, G. Webster] Vet Affairs Pacific Isl Hlth Care Syst, Honolulu, HI USA. [Petrovitch, Helen; Masaki, Kamal; Rodriguez, Beatriz L.; Ross, G. Webster] Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA. [Petrovitch, Helen; Masaki, Kamal; Rodriguez, Beatriz L.; Ross, G. Webster] Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Geriatr Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Petrovitch, Helen; Masaki, Kamal; Rodriguez, Beatriz L.; Ross, G. Webster] Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Petrovitch, Helen; Masaki, Kamal; Rodriguez, Beatriz L.; Ross, G. Webster] Kuakini Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. [Petrovitch, Helen; Masaki, Kamal; Rodriguez, Beatriz L.; Ross, G. Webster] Honolulu Asia Aging Study, Honolulu, HI USA. [Sanderson, Wayne T.] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Charles, LE (reprint author), NIOSH, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS L-4050,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM lcharles@cdc.gov RI Charles, Luenda/H-6008-2011 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [N01-HC-05102]; NIA NIH HHS [1-R01-AG17155-01A1, N01-AG-42149]; NINDS NIH HHS [1-R01-NS41265-01]; PHS HHS [HELD0080060] NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1051-9815 J9 WORK JI Work PY 2010 VL 37 IS 2 BP 205 EP 215 DI 10.3233/WOR-2010-1071 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 661SN UT WOS:000282748500010 PM 20938081 ER PT S AU Green, M Small, L Ray, B Cox, R AF Green, Michael Small, Lyle Ray, Bryan Cox, Rick BE Champion, PM Ziegler, LD TI Anticounterfeiting Measures Using Portable Raman Spectroscopy SO XXII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Conference on Raman Spectroscopy CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Boston, MA SP NE Univ, Boston Univ & Photon Ctr, Horiba Sci, Thermo Sci, Bruker Opt C1 [Green, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifion Rd,Mailstop F12, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Small, Lyle] Chromat Technol Inc, Colorado Springs, CO 80919 USA. [Ray, Bryan; Cox, Rick] DeltaNu, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. RP Green, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifion Rd,Mailstop F12, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0818-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2010 VL 1267 BP 728 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BQK65 UT WOS:000281210900384 ER PT J AU Kosoy, ME AF Kosoy, M. E. TI ECOLOGICAL ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN BACTERIA OF THE GENUS BARTONELLA AND MAMMALS SO ZOOLOGICHESKY ZHURNAL LA Russian DT Article ID SP-NOV.; HOST-SPECIFICITY; DOMESTIC RUMINANTS; HENSELAE ANTIBODY; GROUND-SQUIRRELS; PRAIRIE DOGS; WILD RODENTS; COMB-NOV; INFECTION; PREVALENCE AB Bartonella species are mainly hemotropic and facultative intracellular parasites associated with erythrocytes and endothelial cells of mammals. It has become increasingly obvious that Bartonella organisms are highly adapted to a wide variety of mammals. The present manuscript reviews associations between Bartonella species and a large number of partially characterized strains with mammals of different taxonomic groups, including rodents, insectivores, bats, predators, ungulates, dolphins, and some others. We now have new in-sights into the natural histories of a variety of Bartonella species and understand that these bacteria have adapted to their mammalian reservoir hosts in unique ways. Sometimes they can cause chronic intra-erythrocytic infections, with up to half of the reservoir host populations being bacteremic at one time. Infections usually cause few or no clinical signs in their specific reservoir hosts. Host adaptation is evident, as some Bartonella are mainly found in very specific mammalian species. Available data on Bartonella have expanded rapidly in recent years as this group of organisms has been found to be responsible for a growing spectrum of emerging and reemerging diseases. Some Bartonella species have been identified as human pathogens and linked to mammalian species. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Kosoy, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM Mkosoy@cdc.gov NR 71 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU MEZHDUNARODNAYA KNIGA PI MOSCOW PA 39 DIMITROVA UL., 113095 MOSCOW, RUSSIA SN 0044-5134 J9 ZOOL ZH JI Zool. Zhurnal PD JAN PY 2010 VL 89 IS 1 BP 61 EP 70 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 607PK UT WOS:000278518000008 ER PT J AU Cauchemez, S Donnelly, CA Reed, C Ghani, AC Fraser, C Kent, CK Finelli, L Ferguson, NM AF Cauchemez, Simon Donnelly, Christl A. Reed, Carrie Ghani, Azra C. Fraser, Christophe Kent, Charlotte K. Finelli, Lyn Ferguson, Neil M. TI Household Transmission of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus in the United States SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ASIAN INFLUENZA; OSELTAMIVIR; INFECTION; PATTERNS; CONTACTS; CHILDREN; STRAIN; MODEL AB BACKGROUND As of June 11, 2009, a total of 17,855 probable or confirmed cases of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) had been reported in the United States. Risk factors for transmission remain largely uncharacterized. We characterize the risk factors and describe the transmission of the virus within households. METHODS Probable and confirmed cases of infection with the 2009 H1N1 virus in the United States were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention with the use of a standardized case form. We investigated transmission of infection in 216 households - including 216 index patients and their 600 household contacts - in which the index patient was the first case patient and complete information on symptoms and age was available for all household members. RESULTS An acute respiratory illness developed in 78 of 600 household contacts (13%). In 156 households (72% of the 216 households), an acute respiratory illness developed in none of the household contacts; in 46 households (21%), illness developed in one contact; and in 14 households (6%), illness developed in more than one contact. The proportion of household contacts in whom acute respiratory illness developed decreased with the size of the household, from 28% in two-member households to 9% in six-member households. Household contacts 18 years of age or younger were twice as susceptible as those 19 to 50 years of age ( relative susceptibility, 1.96; Bayesian 95% credible interval, 1.05 to 3.78; P = 0.005), and household contacts older than 50 years of age were less susceptible than those who were 19 to 50 years of age ( relative susceptibility, 0.17; 95% credible interval, 0.02 to 0.92; P = 0.03). Infectivity did not vary with age. The mean time between the onset of symptoms in a case patient and the onset of symptoms in the household contacts infected by that patient was 2.6 days ( 95% credible interval, 2.2 to 3.5). CONCLUSIONS The transmissibility of the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus in households is lower than that seen in past pandemics. Most transmissions occur soon before or after the onset of symptoms in a case patient. C1 [Cauchemez, Simon; Donnelly, Christl A.; Ghani, Azra C.; Fraser, Christophe; Ferguson, Neil M.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, MRC, Ctr Outbreak Anal & Modelling, London W2 1PG, England. [Reed, Carrie; Kent, Charlotte K.; Finelli, Lyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cauchemez, S (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, MRC, Ctr Outbreak Anal & Modelling, Norfolk Pl, London W2 1PG, England. EM s.cauchemez@imperial.ac.uk RI Ghani, Azra/B-8560-2009; Ferguson, Neil/B-8578-2008; Fraser, Christophe/A-8109-2008; Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/D-4312-2016 OI Ferguson, Neil/0000-0002-1154-8093; Fraser, Christophe/0000-0003-2399-9657; Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/0000-0002-2029-7863 FU Medical Research Council; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; European Union; Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study initiative of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences; Royal Society; Research Councils U. K. FX Supported by grants from the Medical Research Council, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the European Union Framework 7 program (FluModCont), and the Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study initiative of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences ( all for the work at Imperial College), the Royal Society ( to Dr. Fraser), and Research Councils U. K. ( to Dr. Cauchemez). NR 23 TC 257 Z9 263 U1 2 U2 15 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD DEC 31 PY 2009 VL 361 IS 27 BP 2619 EP 2627 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa0905498 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 538JV UT WOS:000273181300009 PM 20042753 ER PT J AU Hills, S Dabbagh, A Jacobson, J Marfin, A Featherstone, D Hombach, J Namgyal, P Rani, M Solomon, T AF Hills, Susan Dabbagh, Alya Jacobson, Julie Marfin, Anthony Featherstone, David Hombach, Joachim Namgyal, Pem Rani, Manju Solomon, Tom CA Japanese Encephalitis Core Working TI Evidence and rationale for the World Health Organization recommended standards for Japanese encephalitis surveillance SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M; RAPID DIAGNOSIS; HUMAN-DISEASE; WEST-NILE; VIRUS; INFECTION; DENGUE; RESPONSES; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the most important form of viral encephalitis in Asia. Surveillance for the disease in many countries has been limited. To improve collection of accurate surveillance data in order to increase understanding of the full impact of JE and monitor control programs, World Health Organization (WHO) Recommended Standards for JE Surveillance have been developed. To aid acceptance of the Standards, we describe the process of development, provide the supporting evidence, and explain the rationale for the recommendations made in the document. Methods: A JE Core Working Group was formed in 2002 and worked on development of JE surveillance standards. A series of questions on specific topics was initially developed. A literature review was undertaken and the findings were discussed and documented. The group then prepared a draft document, with emphasis placed on the feasibility of implementation in Asian countries. A field test version of the Standards was published by WHO in January 2006. Feedback was then sought from countries that piloted the Standards and from public health professionals in forums and individual meetings to modify the Standards accordingly. Results: After revisions, a final version of the JE surveillance standards was published in August 2008. The supporting information is presented here together with explanations of the rationale and levels of evidence for specific recommendations. Conclusion: Provision of the supporting evidence and rationale should help to facilitate successful implementation of the JE surveillance standards in JE-endemic countries which will in turn enable better understanding of disease burden and the impact of control programs. C1 [Hills, Susan; Marfin, Anthony] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Dabbagh, Alya; Featherstone, David; Hombach, Joachim] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Namgyal, Pem] WHO Reg Off SE Asia, New Delhi, India. [Rani, Manju] WHO Reg Off Western Pacific, Manila, Philippines. [Solomon, Tom] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Hills, Susan; Jacobson, Julie] PATH, Seattle, WA USA. RP Hills, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM shills@cdc.gov; dabbagha@who.int; julie.jacobson@gatesfoundation.org; tony.marfin@doh.wa.gov; featherstoned@who.int; hombachj@who.int; namgyalp@searo.who.int; ranim@wpro.who.int; tsolomon@liverpool.ac.uk OI Solomon, Tom/0000-0001-7266-6547 FU JE; Medical Research Council; Wellcome Trust FX The JE Core Working Group consists of members of organizations working on JE public health-or research-related activities including WHO, PATH, University of Liverpool, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, International Vaccine Institute, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). Other individual experts and representatives of organizations from JE-endemic and non-endemic countries also participate. The authors thank the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for providing funding for the JE project at PATH (United States), and the Medical Research Council and Wellcome Trust for funding support for TS (United Kingdom). NR 74 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD DEC 29 PY 2009 VL 9 AR 214 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-9-214 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 547RM UT WOS:000273906800001 PM 20038298 ER PT J AU Zaman, RU Alamgir, ASM Rahman, M Azziz-Baumgartner, E Gurley, ES Sharker, MAY Brooks, WA Azim, T Fry, AM Lindstrom, S Gubareva, LV Xu, XY Garten, RJ Hossain, MJ Khan, SU Faruque, LI Ameer, SS Klimov, AI Rahman, M Luby, SP AF Zaman, Rashid Uz Alamgir, A. S. M. Rahman, Mustafizur Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo Gurley, Emily S. Sharker, M. Abu Yushuf Brooks, W. Abdullah Azim, Tasnim Fry, Alicia M. Lindstrom, Stephen Gubareva, Larisa V. Xu, Xiyan Garten, Rebecca J. Hossain, M. Jahangir Khan, Salah Uddin Faruque, Labib Imran Ameer, Syeda Shegufta Klimov, Alexander I. Rahman, Mahmudur Luby, Stephen P. TI Influenza in Outpatient ILI Case-Patients in National Hospital-Based Surveillance, Bangladesh, 2007-2008 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SEASONAL INFLUENZA; VIRUS; INFECTION; CHILDREN; ILLNESS; BURDEN; IMPACT; H3N2; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SEVERITY AB Background: Recent population-based estimates in a Dhaka low-income community suggest that influenza was prevalent among children. To explore the epidemiology and seasonality of influenza throughout the country and among all age groups, we established nationally representative hospital-based surveillance necessary to guide influenza prevention and control efforts. Methodolgy/Principal Findings: We conducted influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory illness sentinel surveillance in 12 hospitals across Bangladesh during May 2007-December 2008. We collected specimens from 3,699 patients, 385 (10%) which were influenza positive by real time RT-PCR. Among the sample-positive patients, 192 (51%) were type A and 188 (49%) were type B. Hemagglutinin subtyping of type A viruses detected 137 (71%) A/H1 and 55 (29%) A/H3, but no A/H5 or other novel influenza strains. The frequency of influenza cases was highest among children aged under 5 years (44%), while the proportions of laboratory confirmed cases was highest among participants aged 11-15 (18%). We applied kriging, a geo-statistical technique, to explore the spatial and temporal spread of influenza and found that, during 2008, influenza was first identified in large port cities and then gradually spread to other parts of the country. We identified a distinct influenza peak during the rainy season (May-September). Conclusions/Significance: Our surveillance data confirms that influenza is prevalent throughout Bangladesh, affecting a wide range of ages and causing considerable morbidity and hospital care. A unimodal influenza seasonality may allow Bangladesh to time annual influenza prevention messages and vaccination campaigns to reduce the national influenza burden. To scale-up such national interventions, we need to quantify the national rates of influenza and the economic burden associated with this disease through further studies. C1 [Zaman, Rashid Uz; Rahman, Mustafizur; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo; Gurley, Emily S.; Sharker, M. Abu Yushuf; Brooks, W. Abdullah; Azim, Tasnim; Hossain, M. Jahangir; Khan, Salah Uddin; Faruque, Labib Imran; Ameer, Syeda Shegufta; Luby, Stephen P.] ICDDR B, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Alamgir, A. S. M.; Rahman, Mahmudur] IEDCR, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo; Fry, Alicia M.; Lindstrom, Stephen; Gubareva, Larisa V.; Xu, Xiyan; Garten, Rebecca J.; Klimov, Alexander I.; Luby, Stephen P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gurley, Emily S.; Brooks, W. Abdullah] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Zaman, RU (reprint author), ICDDR B, Dhaka, Bangladesh. EM zaman.rashid@gmail.com RI rahman, mustafizur/E-6918-2010; Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010 OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (www.cdc.gov), United States of America [U01 CI000298] FX This surveillance was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (www.cdc.gov), United States of America, under cooperative agreement U01 CI000298. The funders had a role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. NR 49 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 29 PY 2009 VL 4 IS 12 AR e8452 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0008452 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 537HZ UT WOS:000273105200003 PM 20041114 ER PT J AU Uyeki, TM Sharma, A Branda, JA AF Uyeki, Timothy M. Sharma, Amita Branda, John A. TI A Man with Fever and Respiratory Failure 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus infection SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; ADENOVIRUS SEROTYPE 14; UNITED-STATES; SWINE INFLUENZA; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; PNEUMONIC TULAREMIA; A(H1N1) INFECTION; DISTRESS-SYNDROME; DIAGNOSTIC-TESTS; MARTHAS-VINEYARD C1 [Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sharma, Amita] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Branda, John A.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Sharma, Amita] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Branda, John A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Uyeki, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. FU Diasorin FX Dr. Branda reports receiving grant support from Diasorin. No other potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.; We thank Dr. Sandra Nelson for assistance in preparing the case presentation. NR 69 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD DEC 24 PY 2009 VL 361 IS 26 BP 2558 EP 2569 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 535WX UT WOS:000273003700014 PM 20032326 ER PT J AU Walter, ND Taylor, TH Dowell, SF Mathis, S Moore, MR AF Walter, Nicholas D. Taylor, Thomas H., Jr. Dowell, Scott F. Mathis, Saundra Moore, Matthew R. CA Active Bacterial Core Surveillance TI Holiday Spikes in Pneumococcal Disease among Older Adults SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID CONJUGATE VACCINE C1 [Walter, Nicholas D.; Taylor, Thomas H., Jr.; Dowell, Scott F.; Mathis, Saundra; Moore, Matthew R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Walter, ND (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nicholas.walter@ucdenver.edu NR 5 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD DEC 24 PY 2009 VL 361 IS 26 BP 2584 EP 2585 DI 10.1056/NEJMc0904844 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 535WX UT WOS:000273003700033 PM 20032333 ER PT J AU Dube, SR Asman, K Malarcher, A Carabollo, R AF Dube, S. R. Asman, K. Malarcher, A. Carabollo, R. TI Cigarette Smoking Among Adults and Trends in Smoking Cessation-United States, 2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 58, pg 1227-1232, 2009) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID HEALTH C1 [Dube, S. R.; Asman, K.; Malarcher, A.; Carabollo, R.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dube, SR (reprint author), CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 23 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 24 BP 2651 EP 2654 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 535JU UT WOS:000272965300008 ER PT J AU Malarcher, A Shah, N Tynan, M Maurice, E Rock, V AF Malarcher, A. Shah, N. Tynan, M. Maurice, E. Rock, V. TI State-Specific Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults-United States, 2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 58, pg 1232-1235, 2009) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID PREVALENCE C1 [Malarcher, A.; Shah, N.; Tynan, M.; Maurice, E.; Rock, V.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Malarcher, A (reprint author), CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 23 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 24 BP 2654 EP 2656 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 535JU UT WOS:000272965300009 ER PT J AU Iskander, J Vellozzi, C Slade, BA AF Iskander, John Vellozzi, Claudia Slade, Barbara A. TI Adverse Events and Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus Recombinant Vaccine Reply SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter ID REPORTING SYSTEM C1 [Iskander, John; Vellozzi, Claudia; Slade, Barbara A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Iskander, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jxi0@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 23 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 24 BP 2657 EP 2658 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 535JU UT WOS:000272965300011 ER PT J AU Baylor, NW Wharton, M AF Baylor, Norman W. Wharton, Melinda TI Efficacy Data and HPV Vaccination Studies SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 [Baylor, Norman W.] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Wharton, Melinda] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Baylor, NW (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. EM norman.baylor@fda.hhs.gov NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 23 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 24 BP 2658 EP 2659 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 535JU UT WOS:000272965300012 PM 20040548 ER PT J AU Song, M Tang, Q Wang, DM Mo, ZJ Guo, SH Li, H Tao, XY Rupprecht, CE Feng, ZJ Liang, GD AF Song, Miao Tang, Qing Wang, Ding-Ming Mo, Zhao-Jun Guo, Shou-Heng Li, Hao Tao, Xiao-Yan Rupprecht, Charles E. Feng, Zi-Jian Liang, Guo-Dong TI Epidemiological investigations of human rabies in China SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DOGS AB Background: The epidemic of rabies showed a rising trend in China in recent years. To identify the potential factors involved in the emergence, we investigated and analyzed the status and characteristics of human rabies between 1996 and 2008. Moreover, the status of rabies infection and vaccination in dogs, and prophylaxis of humans after rabies exposure were analyzed. Methods: Human rabies data in China between 1996 and 2008 collected from the annual reports of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) were analyzed. To investigate the status of dogs and postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) of humans, brain specimens of domestic dogs were collected and detected, and the demographic details, exposure status and PEP of rabies patients were obtained in 2005 and 2006 in Guangxi, Hunan and Guizhou provinces. Results: The results showed 19,806 human rabies cases were reported in China from 1996 to 2008, with an average of 1,524 cases each year, and the incidence almost was rising rapidly, with the peak in 2007 (3,300 cases). It was notable that nearly 50% of the total rabies cases nationwide were reported in Guangxi, Hunan and Guizhou provinces. In these three provinces, the rabies infection rate in dogs was 2.3%, and 60% investigated cities had a dog vaccination rate of below 70%; among the 315 recorded human cases, 66.3% did not receive any PEP at all, 27.6% received inadequate PEP, and only 6.0% received a full regime of PEP. Conclusions: In recent years, rabies is reemerging and becoming a major public-health problem in China. Our analysis showed that unsuccessful control of dog rabies and inadequate PEP of patients were the main factors leading to the high incidence of human rabies in China, then there are following suggestions: (1) Strict control of free-ranging dogs and mandatory rabies vaccination should be enforced. (2) Establishing national animal rabies surveillance network is imperative. (3) PEP should be decided to initiate or withhold according to postmortem diagnosis of the biting animal. (4) The cost of PEP should be decreased or free, especially in rural areas. (5) Education of the public and health care staff should be enhanced. C1 [Song, Miao; Tang, Qing; Li, Hao; Tao, Xiao-Yan] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, State Key Lab Mol Virol & Genet Engn, Beijing 100052, Peoples R China. [Song, Miao] Liupanshui Vocat & Tech Coll, Liupanshui 553001, Peoples R China. [Wang, Ding-Ming] Guizhou Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Guiyang 550004, Peoples R China. [Mo, Zhao-Jun] Guangxi Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nanning 530028, Peoples R China. [Guo, Shou-Heng] Hunan Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Changsha 410005, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Feng, Zi-Jian] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Dis Control & Emergency Response, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. [Liang, Guo-Dong] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, State Key Lab Infect Dis Prevent & Control, Beijing 100052, Peoples R China. RP Tang, Q (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, State Key Lab Mol Virol & Genet Engn, Beijing 100052, Peoples R China. EM lpssongm@126.com; qtang04@sina.com; wangdingm123@sina.com; mozhj@126.com; gsheng2490@163.com; haoli11@hotmail.com; txy212@126.com; cyr5@cdc.gov; fengzj64@sina.com; gdliang@hotmail.com FU CDC of Guangxi; CDC of Hunan; CDC of Guizhou; National High Technology Research and Development of China [SQ2006AA02Z112882]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30630049] FX We sincerely appreciate the data collection supported by the CDC of Guangxi, Hunan and Guizhou, the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (SQ2006AA02Z112882) and the Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (30630049). NR 23 TC 48 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD DEC 21 PY 2009 VL 9 AR 210 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-9-210 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 543QN UT WOS:000273593400001 PM 20025742 ER PT J AU Suguitan, AL Marino, MP Desai, PD Chen, LM Matsuoka, Y Donis, RO Jin, H Swayne, DE Kemble, G Subbarao, K AF Suguitan, Amorsolo L., Jr. Marino, Michael P. Desai, Purvi D. Chen, Li-Mei Matsuoka, Yumiko Donis, Ruben O. Jin, Hong Swayne, David E. Kemble, George Subbarao, Kanta TI The influence of the multi-basic cleavage site of the H5 hemagglutinin on the attenuation, immunogenicity and efficacy of a live attenuated influenza A H5N1 cold-adapted vaccine virus SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Influenza; H5N1; HA cleavability; Attenuation; Pandemic; Immunogenicity; A/VietNam/1203/04; Live vaccine; Multi-basic cleavage site ID AVIAN INFLUENZA; GENE CONSTELLATION; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; PROTEOLYTIC CLEAVAGE; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; NEWCASTLE-DISEASE; HIGH VIRULENCE; AMINO-ACID; PATHOGENICITY; STRAINS AB A recombinant live attenuated influenza virus Delta H5N1 vaccine with a modified hemagglutinin I (HA) and intact neuraminidase genes from A/Vietnam/1203/04 (H5N1) and six remaining genome segments from A/Ann Arbor/6/60 (H2N2) cold-adapted (AA ca) virus was previously shown to be attenuated in chickens, mice and ferrets. Evaluation of the recombinant H5N1 viruses in mice indicated that three independent factors contributed to the attenuation of the Delta H5N1 vaccine: the attenuating mutations specified by the AA ca loci had the greatest influence, followed by the deletion of the H5 HA multi-basic cleavage site (MBS), and the constellation effects of the AA genes acting in concert with the H5N1 glycoproteins. Restoring the MBS in the H5 HA of the vaccine virus improved its immunogenicity and efficacy, likely as a consequence of increased virus replication, indicating that removal of the MBS had a deleterious effect on the immunogenicity and efficacy of the Delta H5N1 vaccine in mice. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Chen, Li-Mei; Matsuoka, Yumiko; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jin, Hong; Kemble, George] MedImmune, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Swayne, David E.] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Suguitan, Amorsolo L., Jr.; Marino, Michael P.; Desai, Purvi D.; Subbarao, Kanta] NIAID, Infect Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Subbarao, K (reprint author), NIAID, Infect Dis Lab, NIH, Rm 3E13C1,33 North Dr,MSC 3203, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM suguitanjra@medimmune.com; Michael.Marino@fda.hhs.gov; desaip@mail.nih.gov; bpr5@cdc.gov; matsuokay@niaid.nih.gov; rvd6@cdc.gov; jinh@medimmune.com; David.Swayne@ARS.USDA.GOV; kembleg@medimmune.com; ksubbarao@niaid.nih.gov FU NIAID; NIH FX We thank Jadon Jackson and the staff of the Comparative Medicine Branch, NIAID for superior technical Support for the animal studies performed at the NIH and Joan Beck for excellent assistance in performing studies in chickens at SEPRL. We are grateful to Dr. Le Quynh Mai, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (NIHE), Vietnam for providing the A/Vietnam/1203/2004 H5N1 wt virus used in this study which was made available to us by Drs. Nancy Cox and Alexander Klimov, Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA. This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIAID, NIH and was performed as a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA No: Al-0155) between the Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID and MedImmune. The findings and conclusions of this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC. NR 33 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD DEC 20 PY 2009 VL 395 IS 2 BP 280 EP 288 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2009.09.017 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 531EU UT WOS:000272647300012 PM 19833372 ER PT J AU Zhong, L Haynes, L Struble, EB Tamin, A Virata-Theimer, ML Zhang, P AF Zhong, Lilin Haynes, Lia Struble, Evi Budo Tamin, Azaibi Virata-Theimer, Maria Luisa Zhang, Pei TI Antibody-mediated synergy and interference in the neutralization of SARS-CoV at an epitope cluster on the spike protein SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE SARS-CoV; Monoclonal antibody; Neutralization; Epitope ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS; ANIMAL VIRUSES; DC-SIGN; RECEPTOR; BINDING; GLYCOPROTEIN; CHIMPANZEES; INFECTION AB Incomplete neutralization of virus, especially when it occurs in the presence of excess neutralizing antibody, represents a biological phenomenon that impacts greatly on antibody-mediated immune prophylaxis of viral infection and on successful vaccine design. To understand the mechanism by which a virus escapes from antibody-mediated neutralization, we have investigated the interactions of non-neutralizing and neutralizing antibodies at an epitope cluster on the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The epitope cluster was mapped at the C-terminus of the spike protein; it consists of structurally intertwined epitopes recognized by two neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), 341 C and 540C, and a non-neutralizing mAb, 240C. While mAb 341 C binds to a mostly linear epitope composed of residues (507)PAT(509) and V(349), MAb 240C binds to an epitope that partially overlaps the former by at least two residues (p(507) and A(508)). The epitope corresponding to mAb 540C is a conformational one, involving residues L(504) and N(505). In neutralization assays, non-neutralizing 240C disrupted virus neutralization by mAb 341C and/or mAb 540C, whereas a combination of mAbs 341C and 540C blocked virus infectivity synergistically. These findings indicate that the epitope cluster on the spike protein may serve as an evolutionarily conserved platform at which a dynamic interplay between neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies occurs, thereby determining the outcome of SARS-CoV infection. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zhong, Lilin; Struble, Evi Budo; Virata-Theimer, Maria Luisa; Zhang, Pei] US FDA, Div Hematol, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Haynes, Lia; Tamin, Azaibi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Zhang, P (reprint author), US FDA, Div Hematol, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, 29 Lincoln Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM lilin.zhong@fda.hhs.gov; loh5@cdc.gov; evi.struble@fda.hhs.gov; atamin@cdc.gov; marialuisa.virata@fda.hhs.gov; pei.zhang@fda.hhs.gov FU Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration FX We thank Drs. John Finlayson and Mahmood Farshid for comments on the manuscript: Dr. Basil Golding for interest and support; and the Core Laboratory of the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research for peptide synthesis and DNA sequencing. This study was supported by the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD DEC 18 PY 2009 VL 390 IS 3 BP 1056 EP 1060 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.10.115 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 529KY UT WOS:000272516700128 PM 19861118 ER PT J AU Vincent, AL Lager, KM Harland, M Lorusso, A Zanella, E Ciacci-Zanella, JR Kehrli, ME Klimov, A AF Vincent, Amy L. Lager, Kelly M. Harland, Michelle Lorusso, Alessio Zanella, Eraldo Ciacci-Zanella, Janice R. Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr. Klimov, Alexander TI Absence of 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza A Virus in Fresh Pork SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; SWINE; PIGS; PATHOGENICITY; PATHOGENESIS AB The emergence of the pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus in humans and subsequent discovery that it was of swine influenza virus lineages raised concern over the safety of pork. Pigs experimentally infected with pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus developed respiratory disease; however, there was no evidence for systemic disease to suggest that pork from pigs infected with H1N1 influenza would contain infectious virus. These findings support the WHO recommendation that pork harvested from pandemic influenza A H1N1 infected swine is safe to consume when following standard meat hygiene practices. C1 [Vincent, Amy L.; Lager, Kelly M.; Harland, Michelle; Lorusso, Alessio; Zanella, Eraldo; Ciacci-Zanella, Janice R.; Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr.] ARS, Virus & Pr Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Iowa City, IA USA. [Zanella, Eraldo] Univ Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil. [Ciacci-Zanella, Janice R.] EMBRAPA Brazilian Agr Res Corp, Labex USA, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Klimov, Alexander] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vincent, AL (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Pr Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Iowa City, IA USA. EM amy.vincent@ars.usda.gov RI Zanella, Janice/C-3632-2014; Lorusso, Alessio/A-7311-2016; OI Lorusso, Alessio/0000-0001-7933-7367; Lorusso, Alessio/0000-0001-6156-8212 FU USDA-ARS; DHHS-CDC FX Funding was provided by USDA-ARS and DHHS-CDC. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 18 PY 2009 VL 4 IS 12 AR e8367 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0008367 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 534BN UT WOS:000272870600008 PM 20020048 ER PT J AU McKnight-Eily, LR Liu, Y Perry, GS Presley-Cantrell, LR Strine, TW Lu, H Croft, JB AF McKnight-Eily, L. R. Liu, Y. Perry, G. S. Presley-Cantrell, L. R. Strine, T. W. Lu, H. Croft, J. B. TI Perceived Insufficient Rest or Sleep Among Adults-United States, 2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 58, pg 1175-1179, 2009) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [McKnight-Eily, L. R.; Liu, Y.; Perry, G. S.; Presley-Cantrell, L. R.; Strine, T. W.; Lu, H.; Croft, J. B.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McKnight-Eily, LR (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 16 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 23 BP 2532 EP + PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 532HK UT WOS:000272737200008 ER PT J AU Romitti, P Puzhankara, S Mathews, K Zamba, G Cunniff, C Andrews, J Matthews, D James, K Miller, L Druschel, C Fox, D Pandya, S Ciafaloni, E Adams, M Mandel, D Street, N Ouyang, L Constantin, C Costa, P AF Romitti, P. Puzhankara, S. Mathews, K. Zamba, G. Cunniff, C. Andrews, J. Matthews, D. James, K. Miller, L. Druschel, C. Fox, D. Pandya, S. Ciafaloni, E. Adams, M. Mandel, D. Street, N. Ouyang, L. Constantin, C. Costa, P. TI Prevalence of Duchenne/Becker Muscular Dystrophy Among Males Aged 5-24 Years-Four States, 2007 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 58, pg 1119-1122, 2009) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID SURVIVAL C1 [Romitti, P.; Puzhankara, S.] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Mathews, K.] Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Zamba, G.] Univ Iowa, Dept Biostat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Cunniff, C.; Andrews, J.] Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Matthews, D.; James, K.] Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Druschel, C.; Fox, D.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Pandya, S.; Ciafaloni, E.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Neurol, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Mandel, D.; Street, N.; Ouyang, L.; Constantin, C.; Costa, P.] CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Romitti, P (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 16 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 23 BP 2539 EP + PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 532HK UT WOS:000272737200009 ER PT J AU Lv, CC Zhang, LX Wang, RJ Jian, FC Zhang, SM Ning, CS Wang, HL Feng, C Wang, XW Ren, XP Qi, M Xiao, LH AF Lv, Chaochao Zhang, Longxian Wang, Rongjun Jian, Fuchun Zhang, Sumei Ning, Changshen Wang, Helei Feng, Chao Wang, Xinwei Ren, Xupeng Qi, Meng Xiao, Lihua TI Cryptosporidium spp. in Wild, Laboratory, and Pet Rodents in China: Prevalence and Molecular Characterization SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEW-YORK-STATE; NATURAL INFECTION; MUS-DOMESTICUS; GIARDIA SPP.; C-MURIS; GENOTYPES; PARVUM; IDENTIFICATION; MAMMALS; HUMANS AB To understand the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in rodents in China and to assess the potential role of rodents as a source for human cryptosporidiosis, 723 specimens from 18 rodent species were collected from four provinces of China and examined between August 2007 and December 2008 by microscopy after using Sheather's sugar flotation and modified acid-fast staining. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in 83 specimens, with an overall prevalence of 11.5%. Phodopus sungorus, Phodopus campbelli, and Rattus tanezumi were new reported hosts of Cryptosporidium. The genotypes and subtypes of Cryptosporidium strains in microscopy-positive specimens were further identified by PCR and sequence analysis of the small subunit rRNA and the 6-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) genes. In addition to Cryptosporidium parvum, C. muris, C. andersoni, C. wrairi, ferret genotype, and mouse genotype I, four new Cryptosporidium genotypes were identified, including the hamster genotype, chipmunk genotype III, and rat genotypes II and III. Mixed Cryptosporidium species/genotypes were found in 10.8% of Cryptosporidium-positive specimens. Sequence analysis of the gp60 gene showed that C. parvum strains in pet Siberian chipmunks and hamsters were all of the subtype IIdA15G1, which was found previously in a human isolate in The Netherlands and lambs in Spain. The gp60 sequences of C. wrairi and the Cryptosporidium ferret genotype and mouse genotype I were also obtained. These findings suggest that pet rodents may be potential reservoirs of zoonotic Cryptosporidium species and subtypes. C1 [Lv, Chaochao; Zhang, Longxian; Wang, Rongjun; Jian, Fuchun; Zhang, Sumei; Ning, Changshen; Wang, Helei; Feng, Chao; Wang, Xinwei; Ren, Xupeng; Qi, Meng] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Zhang, LX (reprint author), Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, 95 Wenhua Rd, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. EM zhanglx8999@yahoo.com.cn; lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30871863, 30928019]; Henan Province Great Special Fund of Public Welfare [2008-145]; Ministry of Health Special Funds of Public Sector Research [200808012] FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 54 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 75 IS 24 BP 7692 EP 7699 DI 10.1128/AEM.01386-09 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 528FZ UT WOS:000272429100015 PM 19820152 ER PT J AU Weinstock, H Workowski, KA AF Weinstock, Hillard Workowski, Kimberly A. TI Pharyngeal Gonorrhea: An Important Reservoir of Infection? SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS INFECTIONS; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; ACID AMPLIFICATION TESTS; NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; GONOCOCCAL INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; MEN; SEX; RESISTANCE; DIAGNOSIS C1 [Weinstock, Hillard] Emory Univ, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Workowski, Kimberly A.] Emory Univ, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Weinstock, H (reprint author), Emory Univ, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hsw2@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 12 BP 1798 EP 1800 DI 10.1086/648428 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 523KA UT WOS:000272070800004 PM 19911969 ER PT J AU Iuliano, AD Reed, C Guh, A Desai, M Dee, DL Kutty, P Gould, LH Sotir, M Grant, G Lynch, M Mitchell, T Getchell, J Shu, B Villanueva, J Lindstrom, S Massoudi, MS Siebold, J Silverman, PR Armstrong, G Swerdlow, DL AF Iuliano, A. Danielle Reed, Carrie Guh, Alice Desai, Mitesh Dee, D. L. Kutty, Preeta Gould, L. Hannah Sotir, Mark Grant, Gavin Lynch, Michael Mitchell, Tarissa Getchell, Jane Shu, Bo Villanueva, J. Lindstrom, Stephen Massoudi, Mehran S. Siebold, Joseph Silverman, Paul R. Armstrong, Gregory Swerdlow, David L. TI Notes from the Field: Outbreak of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus at a Large Public University in Delaware, April-May 2009 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEASONAL INFLUENZA; VACCINATION; DISEASE; CAMPUS AB Background. In late April 2009, the first documented 2009 pandemic influenza A (pH1N1) virus infection outbreak in a university setting occurred in Delaware, with large numbers of students presenting with respiratory illness. At the time of this investigation, little was known about the severity of illness, effectiveness of the vaccine, or transmission factors of pH1N1 virus infection. We characterized illness, determined the impact of this outbreak, and examined factors associated with transmission. Methods. Health clinic records were reviewed. An online survey was administered to all students, staff, and faculty to assess influenza-like illness (ILI), defined as documented or subjective fever with cough or sore throat. Results. From 26 April-2 May 2009, the health clinic experienced a sharp increase in visits for respiratory illness, with 1080 such visits among a total of 1430 student visits, and then a return to baseline visit levels within 2 weeks. More than 500 courses of oseltamivir were distributed, and 24 cases of influenza A (pH1N1) virus infection were confirmed. Of 29,000 university students and faculty/staff, 7450 (30%) responded to the survey. ILI was reported by 604 (10%) of the students and 73 (5%) of the faculty/ staff. Travel to Mexico (relative risk [RR], 2.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8-4.7) and participation in "Greek Week" activities (RR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.8-2.8) were associated with ILI. Recipients of the 2008-2009 seasonal influenza vaccine had the same risk of ILI as nonrecipients (RR, 1.0). Four (3%) of the students with ILI were hospitalized; there were no deaths. Conclusions. pH1N1 spread rapidly through the University of Delaware community with a surge in illness over a 2-week period. Although initial cases appear to be associated with travel to Mexico, a rapid increase in cases was likely facilitated by increased student interactions during Greek Week. No protective effect from receiving seasonal influenza vaccine was identified. Although severe illness was rare, the outbreak caused a substantial burden and challenge to the university health care system. Preparedness efforts in universities and similar settings should include enhancing health care surge capacity. C1 [Iuliano, A. Danielle; Reed, Carrie; Guh, Alice; Desai, Mitesh; Dee, D. L.; Kutty, Preeta; Gould, L. Hannah; Sotir, Mark; Grant, Gavin; Lynch, Michael; Mitchell, Tarissa; Shu, Bo; Villanueva, J.; Lindstrom, Stephen; Massoudi, Mehran S.; Armstrong, Gregory; Swerdlow, David L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Getchell, Jane; Silverman, Paul R.] Delaware Hlth & Social Serv, Div Publ Hlth, Dover, DE USA. [Siebold, Joseph] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Iuliano, AD (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Aoi0@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 12 BP 1811 EP 1820 DI 10.1086/649555 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 523KA UT WOS:000272070800006 PM 19911964 ER PT J AU Swartzentruber, S Rhodes, L Kurkjian, K Zahn, M Brandt, ME Connolly, P Wheat, LJ AF Swartzentruber, S. Rhodes, L. Kurkjian, K. Zahn, M. Brandt, M. E. Connolly, P. Wheat, L. J. TI Diagnosis of Acute Pulmonary Histoplasmosis by Antigen Detection SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS SYNDROME; ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOASSAY; STARLING ROOST; BRIDGE WORKERS; OUTBREAK; TRAVELERS; CAPSULATUM; EPIDEMIC; THERAPY; MEMBERS AB Background. Antigen detection, which has proven useful in diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis, has not been studied in acute pulmonary histoplasmosis (APH). Because treatment is indicated in most patients with moderately severe or severe APH, antigen detection for rapid diagnosis could be helpful. Methods. Histoplasma antigen detection was evaluated in 130 patients with APH. Results. Antigenuria was detected in 64.6%, antigenemia in 68.6%, and antibody in 64.3%. If both urine and serum specimens were tested, antigen was detected in 82.8%, of which 45.8% had antigenemia only; and if both antigen and antibody were measured, results were positive in 93.3%, of which antigen only was positive in 35.7%. Conclusions. Testing for antigenemia, antigenuria, and antibodies using the complement fixation test offers a sensitive, noninvasive method for diagnosis of APH. C1 [Swartzentruber, S.; Connolly, P.; Wheat, L. J.] MiraVista Diagnost & MiraBella Technol, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Rhodes, L.] Lehigh Valley Hosp, Allentown, PA USA. [Kurkjian, K.] Virginia Dept Hlth, Richmond, VA USA. [Kurkjian, K.; Brandt, M. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zahn, M.] Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. RP Wheat, LJ (reprint author), MiraVista Diagnost, 4444 Decatur Blvd,Ste 300, Indianapolis, IN 46241 USA. EM jwheat@miravistalabs.com FU MiraBella Technologies FX Financial support. MiraBella Technologies. NR 49 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 12 BP 1878 EP 1882 DI 10.1086/648421 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 523KA UT WOS:000272070800016 PM 19911965 ER PT J AU Collignon, P Powers, JH Chiller, TM Aidara-Kane, A Aarestrup, FM AF Collignon, Peter Powers, John H. Chiller, Tom M. Aidara-Kane, Awa Aarestrup, Frank M. TI Critically Important Antimicrobial - or Not? Reply SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Collignon, Peter] Canberra Hosp, Infect Dis Unit, Dept Microbiol, Woden, ACT 2607, Australia. [Collignon, Peter] Australian Natl Univ, Sch Clin Med, Woden, ACT, Australia. [Powers, John H.] NIAID, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Collaborat Clin Res Branch, Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Powers, John H.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Powers, John H.] George Washington Univ, Sch Med, Washington, DC USA. [Chiller, Tom M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Aidara-Kane, Awa] WHO, Dept Food Safety Zoonoses & Foodborne Dis, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Aarestrup, Frank M.] Tech Univ Denmark, Head Community Reference Lab Antimicrobial Resist, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Aarestrup, Frank M.] Tech Univ Denmark, WHO, Collaborating Ctr Antimicrobial Resistance Foodbo, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Collignon, P (reprint author), Canberra Hosp, Infect Dis Unit, Dept Microbiol, POB 11, Woden, ACT 2607, Australia. EM peter.collignon@act.gov.au NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 12 BP 1962 EP U204 DI 10.1086/648503 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 523KA UT WOS:000272070800035 ER PT J AU Geretti, AM Fox, ZV Booth, CL Smith, CJ Phillips, AN Johnson, M Li, JF Heneine, W Johnson, JA AF Geretti, Anna Maria Fox, Zoe V. Booth, Clare L. Smith, Colette J. Phillips, Andrew N. Johnson, Margaret Li, Jin-Fen Heneine, Walid Johnson, Jeffrey A. TI Low-Frequency K103N Strengthens the Impact of Transmitted Drug Resistance on Virologic Responses to First-Line Efavirenz or Nevirapine-Based Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th European Workshop on HIV Drug Resistance CY 2009 CL Stockholm, SCOTLAND DE transmitted drug resistance; nevirapine; efavirenz; low-frequency mutants ID HIV-1 INFECTION; CELL COUNT; PREVALENCE; MUTATIONS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SINGLE; SEROCONVERTERS; TRANSMISSION; ASSOCIATION; POPULATIONS AB Background: There are conflicting data on the impact of low-frequency transmitted drug-resistant mutants on responses to first-line highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods: Patients started nevirapine or efavirenz with two or more nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors in 1998-2007 without a prior resistance test at a median 1.0 (interquartile range, 0.0-3.4) year after diagnosis and with a median 218 (interquartile range, 131-296) CD4 cells/mm(3), and had at least 24 weeks of follow up. Pre-HAART plasma samples were tested retrospectively by bulk genotyping and sensitive real-time polymerase chain reaction targeting reverse transcriptase K65R, K103N, Y181C, M184V, and G190A (interpretative cutoff 0.3%-0.9%). Results: Among 93 patients, seven of 18 who experienced virologic failure and zero of 75 who maintained virologic suppression showed pre-HAART resistance, including three with high-frequency mutations detectable by bulk genotyping (two K103N, one G190A) and four with low-frequency K103N detectable only by polymerase chain reaction. Detection of either bulk (P = 0.006) or low-frequency (P = 0.001) resistance was significantly associated with the odds of virologic failure; combining the two markedly increased the strength of the association (P < 0.0001). At failure, the pre-HAART mutations were detected by bulk genotyping in five of seven patients alongside additional reverse transcriptase mutations. Conclusions: Low-frequency K103N mutants were as. prevalent as bulk-detectable variants before starting HAART Both high- and low-frequency mutants were significantly associated with virologic failure. C1 [Geretti, Anna Maria] Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust, Dept Virol, London NW3 2QG, England. [Geretti, Anna Maria; Fox, Zoe V.; Smith, Colette J.; Phillips, Andrew N.; Johnson, Margaret] Univ Coll, Sch Med, London, England. [Li, Jin-Fen; Heneine, Walid; Johnson, Jeffrey A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Geretti, AM (reprint author), Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust, Dept Virol, Pond St, London NW3 2QG, England. EM a.geretti@medsch.ucl.ac.uk RI Phillips, Andrew/B-4427-2008 OI Phillips, Andrew/0000-0003-2384-4807 NR 27 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 52 IS 5 BP 569 EP 573 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 526SO UT WOS:000272314100006 PM 19779307 ER PT J AU Izard, J Renken, C Hsieh, CE Desrosiers, DC Dunham-Ems, S La Vake, C Gebhardt, LL Limberger, RJ Cox, DL Marko, M Radolf, JD AF Izard, Jacques Renken, Christian Hsieh, Chyong-Ere Desrosiers, Daniel C. Dunham-Ems, Star La Vake, Carson Gebhardt, Linda L. Limberger, Ronald J. Cox, David L. Marko, Michael Radolf, Justin D. TI Cryo-Electron Tomography Elucidates the Molecular Architecture of Treponema pallidum, the Syphilis Spirochete SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEINS; FRACTURE ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI LIPOPROTEINS; FILAMENT-DEFICIENT MUTANT; LIMITED SURFACE EXPOSURE; LYME-DISEASE SPIROCHETE; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; PERIPLASMIC FLAGELLA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BINDING PROTEINS AB Cryo-electron tomography (CET) was used to examine the native cellular organization of Treponema pallidum, the syphilis spirochete. T. pallidum cells appeared to form flat waves, did not contain an outer coat and, except for bulges over the basal bodies and widening in the vicinity of flagellar filaments, displayed a uniform periplasmic space. Although the outer membrane (OM) generally was smooth in contour, OM extrusions and blebs frequently were observed, highlighting the structure's fluidity and lack of attachment to underlying periplasmic constituents. Cytoplasmic filaments converged from their attachment points opposite the basal bodies to form arrays that ran roughly parallel to the flagellar filaments along the inner surface of the cytoplasmic membrane (CM). Motile treponemes stably attached to rabbit epithelial cells predominantly via their tips. CET revealed that T. pallidum cell ends have a complex morphology and assume at least four distinct morphotypes. Images of dividing treponemes and organisms shedding cell envelope-derived blebs provided evidence for the spirochete's complex membrane biology. In the regions without flagellar filaments, peptidoglycan (PG) was visualized as a thin layer that divided the periplasmic space into zones of higher and lower electron densities adjacent to the CM and OM, respectively. Flagellar filaments were observed overlying the PG layer, while image modeling placed the PG-basal body contact site in the vicinity of the stator-P-collar junction. Bioinformatics and homology modeling indicated that the MotB proteins of T. pallidum, Treponema denticola, and Borrelia burgdorferi have membrane topologies and PG binding sites highly similar to those of their well-characterized Escherichia coli and Helicobacter pylori orthologs. Collectively, our results help to clarify fundamental differences in cell envelope ultrastructure between spirochetes and gram-negative bacteria. They also confirm that PG stabilizes the flagellar motor and enable us to propose that in most spirochetes motility results from rotation of the flagellar filaments against the PG. C1 [Desrosiers, Daniel C.; Dunham-Ems, Star; La Vake, Carson; Radolf, Justin D.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Med, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. [Radolf, Justin D.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Genet & Dev Biol, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. [Izard, Jacques] Forsyth Inst, Dept Mol Genet, Boston, MA 02135 USA. [Izard, Jacques] Harvard Univ, Sch Dent Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Renken, Christian; Hsieh, Chyong-Ere; Gebhardt, Linda L.; Limberger, Ronald J.; Marko, Michael] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY 12201 USA. [Cox, David L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Lab Reference & Res Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Radolf, JD (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Med, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. EM JRadolf@up.uchc.edu RI Izard, Jacques/A-6074-2012; OI Izard, Jacques/0000-0002-5904-5436 FU NIH [AI-26756, DE017106]; NIH-NICRR [P41 RR01212] FX This work was supported by NIH grants AI-26756 (J.D.R.) and DE017106 (J.I.) and by NIH-NICRR grant P41 RR01212, which supports the Wadsworth Center's Resource for Biological Complexity as a national biotechnological resource. NR 125 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 191 IS 24 BP 7566 EP 7580 DI 10.1128/JB.01031-09 PG 15 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 522WI UT WOS:000272030400020 PM 19820083 ER PT J AU Xie, H Liu, TM Lu, XH Wu, ZQ Belser, JA Katz, JM Tumpey, TM Ye, ZP AF Xie, Hang Liu, Teresa M. Lu, Xiuhua Wu, Zhengqi Belser, Jessica A. Katz, Jacqueline M. Tumpey, Terrence M. Ye, Zhiping TI A Live Attenuated H1N1 M1 Mutant Provides Broad Cross-Protection against Influenza A Viruses, Including Highly Pathogenic A/Vietnam/1203/2004, in Mice SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MATRIX PROTEIN; T-CELLS; HETEROSUBTYPIC VIRUS; INFECTION; VACCINES; IMMUNITY; NUCLEOPROTEIN; RESTRICTION; RESISTANCE; FERRETS AB The emergence of novel influenza A H1N1 and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses underscores the urgency of developing efficient vaccines against an imminent pandemic. M(NLS-88R) (H1N1), an A/WSN/33 mutant with modifications in the multibasic motif 101RKLKR105 of the matrix (M1) protein and its adjacent region, was generated by reverse genetics. The M(NLS-88R) mutant had in vitro growth characteristics similar to those of wild-type A/WSN/33 (wt-WSN), but it was attenuated in mice. Vaccination with M(NLS-88R) not only fully protected mice from lethal homologous challenges but also prevented mortality caused by antigenically distinct H3N2 and H5N1 viruses. M(NLS-88R)-induced homologous protection was mainly antibody dependent, but cellular immunity was also beneficial in protecting against sublethal wt-WSN infection. Adoptive transfer studies indicated that both humoral and cellular immune responses were crucial for M(NLS-88R)-induced heterologous protection. Our study suggests an alternative approach to attenuate wt influenza viruses for the development of a pandemic vaccine with broad cross-protection. C1 [Xie, Hang; Liu, Teresa M.; Wu, Zhengqi; Ye, Zhiping] US FDA, Lab Resp Viral Dis, Div Viral Prod, Off Vaccine Res & Review,Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20014 USA. [Lu, Xiuhua; Belser, Jessica A.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Xie, H (reprint author), 29A Lincoln Dr,Room 1B11, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM Hang.Xie@fda.hhs.gov; Zhiping.Ye@fda.hhs.gov FU National Vaccine Program FX Financial support: National Vaccine Program (to Z.Y.). NR 30 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 200 IS 12 BP 1874 EP 1883 DI 10.1086/648405 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 520UH UT WOS:000271874000010 PM 19909080 ER PT J AU Fulton, JE Simons-Morton, DG Galuska, DA AF Fulton, Janet E. Simons-Morton, Denise G. Galuska, Deborah A. TI Physical Activity An Investment That Pays Multiple Health Dividends SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; EXERCISE; OBESITY C1 [Fulton, Janet E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Fulton, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-46, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jkf2@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD DEC 14 PY 2009 VL 169 IS 22 BP 2124 EP 2127 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 530XJ UT WOS:000272625800014 PM 20008697 ER PT J AU Yang, QH Flanders, WD Moonesinghe, R Ioannidis, JPA Guessous, I Khoury, MJ AF Yang, Quanhe Flanders, W. Dana Moonesinghe, Ramal Ioannidis, John P. A. Guessous, Idris Khoury, Muin J. TI Using Lifetime Risk Estimates in Personal Genomic Profiles: Estimation of Uncertainty SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID AGE-CONDITIONAL PROBABILITIES; DEVELOPING BREAST-CANCER; WIDE ASSOCIATION; GENETIC TESTS; SAMPLE-SIZE; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI; COMMON VARIANTS; BRCA2 MUTATIONS; UNITED-STATES AB Personal genome tests are now offered direct-to-consumer (DTC) via genetic variants identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for common diseases. Tests report risk estimates (age-specific and lifetime) for various diseases based on genotypes at multiple loci. However, uncertainty surrounding such risk estimates has not been systematically investigated. With breast cancer as an example, we examined the combined effect of uncertainties in population incidence rates, genotype frequency, effect sizes, and models of joint effects among genetic variants on lifetime risk estimates. We performed simulations to estimate lifetime breast cancer risk for carriers and noncarriers of genetic variants. We derived population-based cancer incidence rates from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program and comparative international data. We used data for non-Hispanic white women from 2003 to 2005. We derived genotype frequencies and effect sizes from published GWAS and meta-analyses. For a single genetic variant in FGFR2 gene (rs2981582), combination of uncertainty in these parameters produced risk estimates where upper and lower 95% simulation intervals differed by more than 3-fold. Difference in population incidence rates was the largest contributor to variation in risk estimates. For a panel of five genetic variants, estimated lifetime risk of developing breast cancer before age 80 for a woman that carried all risk variants ranged from 6.1% to 21%, depending on assumptions of additive or multiplicative joint effects and breast cancer incidence rates. Epidemiologic parameters involved in computation of disease risk have substantial uncertainty, and cumulative uncertainty should be properly recognized. Reliance on point estimates alone could be seriously misleading. C1 [Yang, Quanhe; Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Moonesinghe, Ramal] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Flanders, W. Dana; Guessous, Idris] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Clin & Mol Epidemiol Unit, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Biomed Res Inst, Ioannina 45110, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Tufts Clin & Translat Sci Inst, Boston, MA 02155 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Genet Epidemiol & Modeling, Tufts Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02155 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02155 USA. RP Yang, QH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM qay0@cdc.gov RI Ioannidis, John/G-9836-2011 NR 70 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0002-9297 EI 1537-6605 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD DEC 11 PY 2009 VL 85 IS 6 BP 786 EP 800 DI 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.10.017 PG 15 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 533BN UT WOS:000272797100003 PM 19931039 ER PT J AU Klein, NP Kissner, J Aguirre, A Sparks, R Campbell, S Edwards, KM Dekker, CL Shui, I Gust, DA AF Klein, Nicola P. Kissner, Jennifer Aguirre, Ameth Sparks, Robert Campbell, Scott Edwards, Kathryn M. Dekker, Cornelia L. Shui, Irene Gust, Deborah A. TI Differential maternal responses to a newly developed vaccine information pamphlet SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Vaccine attitude; Vaccine communication; Vaccine risk perception; Vaccine safety ID RISK/BENEFIT COMMUNICATION; CHILDHOOD VACCINATION; PARENTS ATTITUDES; DECISION-MAKING; IMMUNIZATION; MOTHERS; CHILDREN; REFUSAL; SAFETY; HEALTH AB We compared the response to a new vaccine information pamphlet with the current CDC Vaccine Information Statements (VIS) among recently delivered mothers who were screened to identify those with concerns about immunization. Eligible mothers (n = 226) were randomly assigned to one of three equal groups; those reviewing only the new pamphlet, those receiving only VIS, or those receiving both. Among those mothers reviewing both, 61% preferred the new pamphlet for its visual appeal (P<0.0001) and ease of understanding (P=0.005). Overall. mothers expressed increased confidence and fewer concerns regarding multiple injections after reviewing the pamphlet. However, older, more-highly educated mothers were less likely to report improved vaccine confidence after reviewing either the pamphlet or the VIS. Mothers in all three groups stated a preference for receiving the vaccine information during pregnancy or prior to the actual immunization visit. These data suggest that early provision of tailored immunization material along with the VIS to new mothers may enhance their overall confidence in vaccines and that additional strategies targeted toward certain mothers may be needed. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Klein, Nicola P.] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Klein, Nicola P.; Aguirre, Ameth; Dekker, Cornelia L.] Stanford Univ, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Kissner, Jennifer; Sparks, Robert; Edwards, Kathryn M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Pediat, Vanderbilt Vaccine Res Program, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Campbell, Scott; Shui, Irene; Gust, Deborah A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Klein, NP (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, 1 Kaiser Plaza,16th Floor, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM Nicola.Klein@kp.org RI Aguirre, Ameth/H-3748-2013 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX We are grateful to Bruce Fireman for valuable statistical advice, to John Hansen for assistance in preparing the data and to Roger Baxter for manuscript review. This study was a collaboration between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)funded Vaccine Attitudes and Risk Perception (VARP) and Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment (CISA) sites. NPK also received support for this study from the CDC through a collaborative agreement with America's Health Insurance Plans Vaccine Safety Fellowship Program. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD DEC 11 PY 2009 VL 28 IS 2 BP 323 EP 328 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.10.046 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 559YS UT WOS:000274869300006 PM 19879994 ER PT J AU Nguyen, HT Dharan, NJ Le, MTQ Nguyen, NB Nguyen, CT Hoang, DV Tran, HN Bui, CT Dang, DT Pham, DN Nguyen, HT Phan, TV Dennis, DT Uyeki, TM Mott, J Nguyen, YT AF Nguyen, Hien T. Dharan, Nila J. Le, Mai T. Q. Nguyen, Nguyen B. Nguyen, Chung T. Hoang, Dong V. Tran, Huu N. Bui, Chien T. Dang, Dat T. Pham, Dinh N. Nguyen, Hoa T. Phan, Tu V. Dennis, David T. Uyeki, Timothy M. Mott, Joshua Nguyen, Yen T. CA Vietnam Natl Influenza Surveillanc TI National influenza surveillance in Vietnam, 2006-2007 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Tropical; Circulation ID UNITED-STATES; THAILAND; VIRUSES; MORTALITY; PATTERNS; ASIA; EAST AB In 2006, national influenza surveillance was implemented in Vietnam. Epidemiologic and demographic data and a throat swab for influenza testing were collected from a subset of outpatients with influenzalike illness (ILI). During January 1, 2006 through December 31, 2007, of 184,521 ILI cases identified at surveillance sites, 11,082 were tested and 2112 (19%) were positive for influenza by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Influenza viruses were detected year-round, and similar peaks in influenza activity were observed in all surveillance regions, coinciding with cooler and rainy periods. Studies are needed to ascertain the disease burden and impact of influenza in Vietnam. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Nguyen, Hien T.; Le, Mai T. Q.; Nguyen, Nguyen B.; Nguyen, Chung T.; Hoang, Dong V.; Pham, Dinh N.; Nguyen, Hoa T.; Nguyen, Yen T.] Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Dharan, Nila J.; Dennis, David T.; Uyeki, Timothy M.; Mott, Joshua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tran, Huu N.; Phan, Tu V.] Inst Pasteur, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. [Bui, Chien T.] Inst Pasteur, Nha Trang, Vietnam. [Dang, Dat T.] Tay Nguyen Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Ban Ma Thuot, Vietnam. RP Dharan, NJ (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, 462 1st Ave 16S 5-13, New York, NY 10016 USA. EM Nila.Dharan@nyumc.org RI Horby, Peter/D-1585-2013 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The findings expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not reflect the policies of the National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Ministry of Health, Vietnam, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 21 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD DEC 11 PY 2009 VL 28 IS 2 BP 398 EP 402 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.139 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 559YS UT WOS:000274869300016 PM 19853073 ER PT J AU Kato, K Wanigatunga, AA Needham, LL Calafat, AM AF Kato, Kayoko Wanigatunga, Amal A. Needham, Larry L. Calafat, Antonia M. TI Analysis of blood spots for polyfluoroalkyl chemicals SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Polyfluoroalkyl chemicals; Dried blood spot; Perinatal exposure ID PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE PFOS; PERFLUORINATED ORGANIC-ACIDS; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; NATIONAL BIRTH COHORT; IN-UTERO EXPOSURE; FETAL-GROWTH; HUMAN SERUM; SAMPLES; CHROMATOGRAPHY AB Polyfluoroalkyl chemicals (PFCs) have been detected in humans, in the environment, and in ecosystems around the world. The potential for developmental and reproductive toxicities of some PFCs is of concern especially to children's health. In the United States, a sample of a baby's blood, called a "dried blood spot" (DBS), is obtained from a heel stick within 48 h of a child's birth. DBS could be useful for assessing prenatal exposure to PFCs. We developed a method based on online solid phase extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry for measuring four PFCs in DBS, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonate, perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and perfluorononanoate. The analytical limits of detection using one whole DBS (similar to 75 mu L of blood) were < 0.5 ng mL(-1). To validate the method, we analyzed 98 DBS collected in May 2007 in the United States. PFOS and PFOA were detected in all DBS at concentrations in the low ng mL(-1) range. These data suggest that DBS may be a suitable matrix for assessing perinatal exposure to PFCs, but additional information related to sampling and specimen storage is needed to demonstrate the utility of these measures for assessing exposure. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kato, Kayoko; Wanigatunga, Amal A.; Needham, Larry L.; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Calafat, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F53, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM acalafat@cdc.gov RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011 FU CDC's National Center for Environmental Health FX We thank Dr. Harry Hannon and Dr. Joanne Mei at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for their assistance in procuring the DBS and providing blank DBS filter paper used for method validation. This research was supported, in part by an appointment (A.W.) to the Research Participation Program at CDC's National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CDC. NR 36 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD DEC 10 PY 2009 VL 656 IS 1-2 BP 51 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.aca.2009.10.007 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 532XW UT WOS:000272784700005 PM 19932814 ER PT J AU Cheng, WY Lee, L Rota, PA Yang, DCF AF Cheng, Wen-Yueh Lee, Lili Rota, Paul A. Yang, Dustin Chen-Fu TI Molecular evolution of measles viruses circulated in Taiwan 1992-2008 SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID REPUBLIC-OF-CHINA; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; ENDEMIC GENOTYPE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; JAPAN; OUTBREAK; IDENTIFICATION; ELIMINATION; AUSTRALIA AB Genetic analyses of viral samples from 74 laboratory confirmed measles cases occurring in Taiwan during 1992-2008 identified six viral genotypes D3, D5, D9, G2, H1 and H2. The most frequently detected genotype, H1, was associated with outbreaks in 1994 and 2002, and was the likely indigenous genotype in 1992. In response to the outbreaks, two catch-up campaigns were launched and a routine second dose of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine at entry to elementary school was introduced. The vaccination campaigns successfully reduced the number of measles cases in Taiwan, and many of the more recent cases can be traced to importations, primarily from other Asian countries. A number of measles genotypes which were associated with outbreaks in other Asian countries were detected among the more recent cases. The more recent genotype H1 viruses had sequences that were identical to those currently circulating in China or associated with international importation of virus. C1 [Rota, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Measles Mumps Rubella & Herpesviruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. EM yueh@cdc.gov.tw; lililee@cdc.gov.tw; par1@cdc.gov; cxy1@cdc.gov.tw FU CDC Taiwan FX We wish to thank Ms. Hsiao-Chi Wang who assisted in the serologic tests, and Mr. Yu-lin Ho who helped in processing of specimens. Thanks to Drs. Ming-Tsan Liu, Jyh-Yuan Yang, and Ho-Sheng Wu for their support and guidance. This study was supported in part by research grant from CDC Taiwan. NR 38 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-422X J9 VIROL J JI Virol. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2009 VL 6 AR 219 DI 10.1186/1743-422X-6-219 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 536VB UT WOS:000273070900001 PM 20003242 ER PT J AU McMenamin, SB Halpin, HA Bellows, NM Husten, CG Rosenthal, A AF McMenamin, S. B. Halpin, H. A. Bellows, N. M. Husten, C. G. Rosenthal, A. TI State Medicaid Coverage for Tobacco-Dependence Treatments-United States, 2007 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 58, pg 1199-1204, 2009) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [McMenamin, S. B.; Halpin, H. A.; Bellows, N. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Hlth & Publ Policy Studies, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rosenthal, A.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McMenamin, SB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Hlth & Publ Policy Studies, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 9 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 22 BP 2424 EP 2426 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 529MD UT WOS:000272520500008 ER PT J AU Dato, V Moose, C Rea, N Fraser, G Seiders, J Rittle, C Urdaneta, V Ostroff, S Encarnacion, C Reynolds, M Damon, I Karem, K Li, Y Davidson, W Wilkins, K McDowell, E Rupprecht, CE Orciari, L Niezgoda, M Smith, S Roess, A AF Dato, V. Moose, C. Rea, N. Fraser, G. Seiders, J. Rittle, C. Urdaneta, V. Ostroff, S. Encarnacion, C. Reynolds, M. Damon, I. Karem, K. Li, Y. Davidson, W. Wilkins, K. McDowell, E. Rupprecht, C. E. Orciari, L. Niezgoda, M. Smith, S. Roess, A. TI Human Vaccinia Infection After Contact With a Raccoon Rabies Vaccine Bait-Pennsylvania, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 58, pg 1204-1207, 2009) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Dato, V.; Moose, C.; Rea, N.; Fraser, G.; Seiders, J.; Rittle, C.; Urdaneta, V.; Ostroff, S.] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [Roess, A.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dato, V (reprint author), Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 9 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 22 BP 2426 EP 2428 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 529MD UT WOS:000272520500009 ER PT J AU Jain, RB AF Jain, Ram B. TI A simple methodology to analyze inter-laboratory data: A simulation study SO CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Inter-laboratory experiments; Bias; Precision; Repeatability; Reproducibility; Homogeneity of variance ID OUTLYING OBSERVATIONS AB Background: Inter-laboratory experiments are conducted to assess how accurately and reproducibly various laboratories using different methods, instruments, analysts, and/or sample preparation procedures can perform measurements, in this case, the concentration of a chemical. In this work a 3-step methodology is proposed to analyze inter-laboratory experiments. Methods: A simulation study based on 500 simulations was conducted for a cluster of 12 laboratories with different population means and SDs. The sample sizes varied from 10 to 50. Laboratories with too high a variance or too high a mean were recursively identified and removed by analysis of variance techniques. Outliers were identified and removed by a recursive algorithm. The remaining data were used to compute consensus mean, SD, repeatability, reproducibility, and CV for repeatability and reproducibility. Results: Two laboratories with too high a variance were always identified for removal when the sample size was >= 20. Two laboratories with too high a mean were almost always identified irrespective of sample size. The average observed percent bias was never > +/- 3.2% irrespective of the sample size. The average percent imprecision was also within +/- 10.4% for all laboratories. The average CV was close to what was expected. Conclusions: With an optimal sample size of 20, the 3-step methodology presented here will adequately identify laboratories with variances or means that are too high or too low. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Stat, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Jain, RB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Stat, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Mail Stop F-47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Rij0@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-8981 J9 CLIN CHIM ACTA JI Clin. Chim. Acta PD DEC 8 PY 2009 VL 410 IS 1-2 BP 79 EP 84 DI 10.1016/j.cca.2009.09.027 PG 6 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 526HP UT WOS:000272278900014 PM 19799888 ER PT J AU Cutland, CL Madhi, SA Zell, ER Kuwanda, L Laque, M Groome, M Gorwitz, R Thigpen, MC Patel, R Velaphi, SC Adrian, P Klugman, K Schuchat, A Schrag, SJ AF Cutland, Clare L. Madhi, Shabir A. Zell, Elizabeth R. Kuwanda, Locadiah Laque, Martin Groome, Michelle Gorwitz, Rachel Thigpen, Michael C. Patel, Roopal Velaphi, Sithembiso C. Adrian, Peter Klugman, Keith Schuchat, Anne Schrag, Stephanie J. CA PoPS Trial Team TI Chlorhexidine maternal-vaginal and neonate body wipes in sepsis and vertical transmission of pathogenic bacteria in South Africa: a randomised, controlled trial SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID B STREPTOCOCCAL DISEASE; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; MORTALITY; ANTISEPSIS; MORBIDITY; DISINFECTION; OUTCOMES; SAFETY; LABOR AB Background About 500000 sepsis-related deaths per year arise in the first 3 days of life. On the basis of results non-randomised studies, use of vaginal chlorhexidine wipes during labour has been proposed as an intervention the prevention of early-onset neonatal sepsis in developing countries. We therefore assessed the efficacy chlorhexidine in early-onset neonatal sepsis and vertical transmission of group B streptococcus. Methods In a trial in Soweto, South Africa, 8011 women (aged 12-51 years) were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio chlorhexidine vaginal wipes or external genitalia water wipes during active labour, and their 8129 newborn were assigned to full-body (intervention group) or foot (control group) washes with chlorhexidine at birth, In a subset of mothers (n=5144), we gathered maternal lower vaginal swabs and neonatal skin swabs after delivery assess colonisation with potentially pathogenic bacteria. Primary outcomes were neonatal sepsis in the first 3 days life and vertical transmission of group B streptococcus. Analysis was by intention to treat. The trial is registered ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00136370. Findings Rates of neonatal sepsis did not differ between the groups (chlorhexidine 141 [3%] of 4072 vs control 148 of 4057; p=0.6518). Rates of colonisation with group B streptococcus in newborn babies born to mothers in chlorhexidine (217 [54%] of 401) and control groups (234 [55%] of 429] did not differ (efficacy 95% CI -9.5 to 7.9). Interpretation Because chlorhexidine intravaginal and neonatal wipes did not prevent neonatal sepsis or the acquisition of potentially pathogenic bacteria among neonates, we need other interventions to reduce childhood mortality. C1 [Cutland, Clare L.; Madhi, Shabir A.; Kuwanda, Locadiah; Laque, Martin; Groome, Michelle; Adrian, Peter; Klugman, Keith] Univ Witwatersrand, Dept Sci & Technol, Natl Res Fdn,Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, Vaccine Preventable Dis & Med Res Council, ZA-2013 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Zell, Elizabeth R.; Gorwitz, Rachel; Thigpen, Michael C.; Patel, Roopal; Schuchat, Anne; Schrag, Stephanie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Velaphi, Sithembiso C.] Univ Witwatersrand, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hosp, Div Neonatol, Dept Paediat, Soweto, South Africa. [Klugman, Keith] Emory Univ, Dept Int Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Klugman, Keith] Emory Univ, Div Infect Dis, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Cutland, CL (reprint author), Univ Witwatersrand, Dept Sci & Technol, Natl Res Fdn,Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, Vaccine Preventable Dis & Med Res Council, POB 90753, ZA-2013 Johannesburg, South Africa. EM cutlandc@hivsa.com FU US Agency for International Development; National Vaccine Program Office and Centers for Disease Control's (CDC) Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group [U50/CCU021960, 5U01C1000318]; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [39415] FX This trial was supported by the US Agency for International Development, National Vaccine Program Office and Centers for Disease Control's (CDC) Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group via CDC Cooperative Agreement numbers U50/CCU021960 and 5U01C1000318, and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (grant number 39415). The contents of this report are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the sponsors. We thank the staff of the Departments of Obstetrics, Neonatology, and Paediatrics at Chris Ham Baragwanath hospital, Soweto, South Africa, for their dedication to their patients, including our trial participants; and the study midwives, nurses, laboratory staff, counsellors, and data capturers. NR 24 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD DEC 5 PY 2009 VL 374 IS 9705 BP 1909 EP 1916 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61339-8 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 531EQ UT WOS:000272646900024 PM 19846212 ER PT J AU Rerks-Ngarm, S Pitisuttithum, P Nitayaphan, S Kaewkungwal, J Chiu, J Paris, R Premsri, N Namwat, C de Souza, M Adams, E Benenson, M Gurunathan, S Tartaglia, J McNeil, JG Francis, DP Stablein, D Birx, DL Chunsuttiwat, S Khamboonruang, C Thongcharoen, P Robb, ML Michael, NL Kunasol, P Kim, JH AF Rerks-Ngarm, Supachai Pitisuttithum, Punnee Nitayaphan, Sorachai Kaewkungwal, Jaranit Chiu, Joseph Paris, Robert Premsri, Nakorn Namwat, Chawetsan de Souza, Mark Adams, Elizabeth Benenson, Michael Gurunathan, Sanjay Tartaglia, Jim McNeil, John G. Francis, Donald P. Stablein, Donald Birx, Deborah L. Chunsuttiwat, Supamit Khamboonruang, Chirasak Thongcharoen, Prasert Robb, Merlin L. Michael, Nelson L. Kunasol, Prayura Kim, Jerome H. CA MOPH-TAVEG Investigators TI Vaccination with ALVAC and AIDSVAX to Prevent HIV-1 Infection in Thailand SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; RECOMBINANT GLYCOPROTEIN-120 VACCINE; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; CANARYPOX VACCINE; PHASE-I/II; SUBTYPE-E; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY; HIV-1-UNINFECTED ADULTS; CANDIDATE VACCINE AB BACKGROUND The development of a safe and effective vaccine against the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is critical to pandemic control. METHODS In a community-based, randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled efficacy trial, we evaluated four priming injections of a recombinant canarypox vector vaccine (ALVAC-HIV [vCP1521]) plus two booster injections of a recombinant glycoprotein 120 subunit vaccine (AIDSVAX B/E). The vaccine and placebo injections were administered to 16,402 healthy men and women between the ages of 18 and 30 years in Rayong and Chon Buri provinces in Thailand. The volunteers, primarily at heterosexual risk for HIV infection, were monitored for the coprimary end points: HIV-1 infection and early HIV-1 viremia, at the end of the 6-month vaccination series and every 6 months thereafter for 3 years. RESULTS In the intention-to-treat analysis involving 16,402 subjects, there was a trend toward the prevention of HIV-1 infection among the vaccine recipients, with a vaccine efficacy of 26.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], -4.0 to 47.9; P = 0.08). In the per-protocol analysis involving 12,542 subjects, the vaccine efficacy was 26.2% (95% CI, -13.3 to 51.9; P = 0.16). In the modified intention-to-treat analysis involving 16,395 subjects (with the exclusion of 7 subjects who were found to have had HIV-1 infection at baseline), the vaccine efficacy was 31.2% (95% CI, 1.1 to 52.1; P = 0.04). Vaccination did not affect the degree of viremia or the CD4+ T-cell count in subjects in whom HIV-1 infection was subsequently diagnosed. CONCLUSIONS This ALVAC-HIV and AIDSVAX B/E vaccine regimen may reduce the risk of HIV infection in a community-based population with largely heterosexual risk. Vaccination did not affect the viral load or CD4+ count in subjects with HIV infection. Although the results show only a modest benefit, they offer insight for future research. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00223080.) C1 [Robb, Merlin L.; Michael, Nelson L.; Kim, Jerome H.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Rerks-Ngarm, Supachai; Paris, Robert; Namwat, Chawetsan; Chunsuttiwat, Supamit; Khamboonruang, Chirasak; Thongcharoen, Prasert; Kunasol, Prayura] Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Dis Control, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Pitisuttithum, Punnee] Mahidol Univ, Vaccine Trials Ctr, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Kaewkungwal, Jaranit] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Data Management Unit, Bangkok, Thailand. [Chiu, Joseph; Paris, Robert; de Souza, Mark; Benenson, Michael] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, US Army Med Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Adams, Elizabeth] NIAID, Div Aids, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Gurunathan, Sanjay; Tartaglia, Jim; McNeil, John G.] Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, PA USA. [Francis, Donald P.] Global Solut Infect Dis, San Francisco, CA USA. [Stablein, Donald] Emmes Corp, Rockville, MD USA. [Birx, Deborah L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kim, Jerome H.] US Army Med Mat Dev Act, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Kim, JH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM jkim@hivresearch.org FU U. S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command [Y1-AI-2642-12]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Y1-AI-2642-12]; Henry M. Jackson Foundation [W81XWH-07-2-0067]; U. S. Department of Defense [W81XWH-07-2-0067] FX Supported in part by an Interagency Agreement (Y1-AI-2642-12) between the U. S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and by a cooperative agreement (W81XWH-07-2-0067) between the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine and the U. S. Department of Defense. Sanofi Pasteur provided the ALVAC-HIV vaccine, and Global Solutions for Infectious Diseases (VaxGen) provided the reagents for the immunogenicity assays. NR 48 TC 1476 Z9 1504 U1 20 U2 137 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD DEC 3 PY 2009 VL 361 IS 23 BP 2209 EP 2220 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa0908492 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 525ZM UT WOS:000272257100004 PM 19843557 ER PT J AU Dutta, S Sullivan, JS Grady, KK Haynes, JD Komisar, J Batchelor, AH Soisson, L Diggs, CL Heppner, DG Lanar, DE Collins, WE Barnwell, JW AF Dutta, Sheetij Sullivan, JoAnn S. Grady, Katharine K. Haynes, J. David Komisar, Jack Batchelor, Adrian H. Soisson, Lorraine Diggs, Carter L. Heppner, D. Gray Lanar, David E. Collins, William E. Barnwell, John W. TI High Antibody Titer against Apical Membrane Antigen-1 Is Required to Protect against Malaria in the Aotus Model SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INSTITUTE-OF-RESEARCH; BLOOD-STAGE MALARIA; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; VACCINE CANDIDATE; MONKEYS; IMMUNOGENICITY; INVASION; SAFETY; AMA-1; CHILDREN AB A Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain Apical Membrane Antigen-1 (AMA1) vaccine, formulated with AS02A adjuvant, slowed parasite growth in a recent Phase 1/2a trial, however sterile protection was not observed. We tested this AS02A, and a Montanide ISA720 (ISA) formulation of 3D7 AMA1 in Aotus monkeys. The 3D7 parasite does not invade Aotus erythrocytes, hence two heterologous strains, FCH/4 and FVO, were used for challenge, FCH/4 AMA1 being more homologous to 3D7 than FVO AMA1. Following three vaccinations, the monkeys were challenged with 50,000 FCH/4 or 10,000 FVO parasites. Three of the six animals in the AMA+ISA group were protected against FCH/4 challenge. One monkey did not become parasitemic, another showed only a short period of low level parasitemia that self-cured, and a third animal showed a delay before exhibiting its parasitemic phase. This is the first protection shown in primates with a recombinant P. falciparum AMA1 without formulation in Freund's complete adjuvant. No animals in the AMA+AS02(A) group were protected, but this group exhibited a trend towards reduced growth rate. A second group of monkeys vaccinated with AMA+ISA vaccine was not protected against FVO challenge, suggesting strain-specificity of AMA1-based protection. Protection against FCH/4 strain correlated with the quantity of induced antibodies, as the protected animals were the only ones to have in vitro parasite growth inhibitory activity of > 70% at 1:10 serum dilution; immuno-fluorescence titers.8,000; ELISA titers against full-length AMA1 > 300,000 and ELISA titer against AMA1 domains1+2 > 100,000. A negative correlation between log ELISA titer and day 11 cumulative parasitemia (Spearman rank r = 20.780, p value = 0.0001), further confirmed the relationship between antibody titer and protection. High titers of cross-strain inhibitory antibodies against AMA1 are therefore critical to confer solid protection, and the Aotus model can be used to down-select future AMA1 formulations, prior to advanced human trials. C1 [Dutta, Sheetij; Batchelor, Adrian H.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Epitope Mapping, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Sullivan, JoAnn S.; Grady, Katharine K.; Collins, William E.; Barnwell, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Soisson, Lorraine; Diggs, Carter L.] US Agcy Int Dev, Malaria Vaccine Dev Program, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Haynes, J. David; Komisar, Jack; Heppner, D. Gray; Lanar, David E.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Malaria Vaccine Dev, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Dutta, S (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Epitope Mapping, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM sheetij.dutta@us.army.mil; wzb3@cdc.gov RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011 FU U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) FX Funding for this work was provided by U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Malaria Vaccine Development Program. Two of the authors on the paper, CLD and LS, are USAID representatives and were involved in the planning phase of this study. NR 37 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 3 PY 2009 VL 4 IS 12 AR e8138 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0008138 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 533MW UT WOS:000272829000002 PM 19997632 ER PT J AU Brimmer, DJ McCleary, KK Lupton, TA Faryna, KM Reeves, WC AF Brimmer, Dana J. McCleary, K. Kimberly Lupton, Teresa A. Faryna, Katherine M. Reeves, William C. TI Continuing medical education challenges in chronic fatigue syndrome SO BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article ID DEFINITION AB Background: Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) affects at least 4 million people in the United States, yet only 16% of people with CFS have received a diagnosis or medical care for their illness. Educating health care professionals about the diagnosis and management of CFS may help to reduce population morbidity associated with CFS. Methods: This report presents findings over a 5-year period from May 2000 to June 2006 during which we developed and implemented a health care professional educational program. The objective of the program was to distribute CFS continuing education materials to providers at professional conferences, offer online continuing education credits in different formats (e. g., print, video, and online), and evaluate the number of accreditation certificates awarded. Results: We found that smaller conference size (OR = 80.17; 95% CI 8.80, 730.25), CFS illness related target audiences (OR = 36.0; 95% CI 2.94, 436.34), and conferences in which CFS research was highlighted (OR = 4.15; 95% CI 1.16, 14.83) significantly contributed to higher dissemination levels, as measured by visit rates to the education booth. While print and online courses were equally requested for continuing education credit opportunities, the online course resulted in 84% of the overall award certificates, compared to 14% for the print course. This remained consistent across all provider occupations: physicians, nurses, physician assistants, and allied health professionals. Conclusion: These findings suggest that educational programs promoting materials at conferences may increase dissemination efforts by targeting audiences, examining conference characteristics, and promoting online continuing education forums. C1 [Brimmer, Dana J.; Reeves, William C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McCleary, K. Kimberly; Lupton, Teresa A.; Faryna, Katherine M.] CFIDS Assoc Amer, Charlotte, NC 28222 USA. RP Reeves, WC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dyv4@cdc.gov; KKMcCleary@cfids.org; tlupton@suddenlink.net; yna@carolina.rr.com; wcr1@cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The authors wish to thank Sally Lin for her statistical review of the paper. This study was fully funded by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agency NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1472-6920 J9 BMC MED EDUC JI BMC Med. Educ. PD DEC 2 PY 2009 VL 9 AR 70 DI 10.1186/1472-6920-9-70 PG 9 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Education & Educational Research GA 686RY UT WOS:000284714600001 PM 19954535 ER PT J AU Panozzo, CA Tate, JE Payne, DC Cortese, MM Patel, M Gentsch, J Parashar, U Cortes, JE Esposito, DH AF Panozzo, C. A. Tate, J. E. Payne, D. C. Cortese, M. M. Patel, M. Gentsch, J. Parashar, U. Cortes, J. E. Esposito, D. H. CA Natl Resp & Enteric Virus Surveill TI Reduction in Rotavirus After Vaccine Introduction-United States, 2000-2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 58, pg 1146-1149, 2009) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Esposito, D. H.; Natl Resp & Enteric Virus Surveill] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 2 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 21 BP 2312 EP 2313 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 525TK UT WOS:000272239000006 ER PT J AU Kraemer, J Leinenkugel, K Myers, JR AF Kraemer, J. Leinenkugel, K. Myers, J. R. CA Bur Lab Stat Staff FACE Program Staff TI Fatalities Caused by Cattle-Four States, 2003-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 58, pg 800-804, 2009) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Leinenkugel, K.] Iowa Dept Publ Hlth, Occupat Safety & Hlth Surveillance Program, Des Moines, IA 50319 USA. [Myers, J. R.] CDC, NIOSH, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 2 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 21 BP 2314 EP 2315 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 525TK UT WOS:000272239000007 ER PT J AU Hadler, JL Brackbill, RM Thorpe, LE AF Hadler, James L. Brackbill, Robert M. Thorpe, Lorna E. TI Asthma Following the 2001 World Trade Center Attack Reply SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter ID CENTER HEALTH REGISTRY C1 [Hadler, James L.; Thorpe, Lorna E.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Brackbill, Robert M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registries, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hadler, JL (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. EM lthorpe@health.nyc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 2 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 21 BP 2319 EP 2320 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 525TK UT WOS:000272239000012 ER PT J AU Rowe, AK de Leon, GFP Mihigo, J Santelli, ACFS Miller, NP Van-Dunem, P AF Rowe, Alexander K. Ponce de Leon, Gabriel F. Mihigo, Jules Santelli, Ana Carolina F. S. Miller, Nathan P. Van-Dunem, Pedro TI Quality of malaria case management at outpatient health facilities in Angola SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LUMEFANTRINE TREATMENT POLICY; ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE; PEDIATRIC MALARIA; CHILDREN; ZAMBIA; KENYA; MICROSCOPY; FEVER; WORKERS AB Background: Angola's malaria case-management policy recommends treatment with artemether-lumefantrine (AL). In 2006, AL implementation began in Huambo Province, which involved training health workers (HWs), supervision, delivering AL to health facilities, and improving malaria testing with microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). Implementation was complicated by a policy that was sometimes ambiguous. Methods: Fourteen months after implementation began, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in 33 outpatient facilities in Huambo Province to assess their readiness to manage malaria and the quality of malaria case-management for patients of all ages. Consultations were observed, patients were interviewed and re-examined, and HWs were interviewed. Results: Ninety-three HWs and 177 consultations were evaluated, although many sampled consultations were missed. All facilities had AL in-stock and at least one HW trained to use AL and RDTs. However, anti-malarial stock-outs in the previous three months were common, clinical supervision was infrequent, and HWs had important knowledge gaps. Except for fever history, clinical assessments were often incomplete. Although testing was recommended for all patients with suspected malaria, only 30.7% of such patients were tested. Correct testing was significantly associated with caseloads < 25 patients/ day (odds ratio: 18.4; p < 0.0001) and elevated patient temperature (odds ratio: 2.5 per 1 degrees C increase; p = 0.007). Testing was more common among AL-trained HWs, but the association was borderline significant (p = 0.072). When the malaria test was negative, HWs often diagnosed patients with malaria (57.8%) and prescribed anti-malarials (60.0%). Sixty-six percent of malaria-related diagnoses were correct, 20.1% were minor errors, and 13.9% were major (potentially life-threatening) errors. Only 49.0% of malaria treatments were correct, 5.4% were minor errors, and 45.6% were major errors. HWs almost always dosed AL correctly and gave accurate dosing instructions to patients; however, other aspects of counseling needed improvement. Conclusion: By late-2007, substantial progress had been made to implement the malaria case-management policy in a setting with weak infrastructure. However, policy ambiguities, under-use of malaria testing, and distrust of negative test results led to many incorrect malaria diagnoses and treatments. In 2009, Angola published a policy that clarified many issues. As problems identified in this survey are not unique to Angola, better strategies for improving HW performance are urgently needed. C1 [Rowe, Alexander K.; Ponce de Leon, Gabriel F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis DPD, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mihigo, Jules] CDC, Malaria Branch, DPD, Luanda, Angola. [Santelli, Ana Carolina F. S.] Minist Hlth, Secretariat Surveillance Hlth, Natl Malaria Program Off, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Miller, Nathan P.] MENTOR Initiat, Huambo, Angola. [Van-Dunem, Pedro] Minist Hlth, Angola Natl Malaria Control Program, Luanda, Angola. RP Rowe, AK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis DPD, Atlanta, GA USA. EM axr9@cdc.gov; gcp1@cdc.gov; ftb8@cdc.gov; anacarosilva@gmail.com; nmiller@jhsph.edu; pvandunem75@hotmail.com FU U.S. President's Malaria Initiative FX This survey was funded by the U.S. President's Malaria Initiative http:// fight ingmalaria. gov/. NR 26 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD DEC 2 PY 2009 VL 8 AR 275 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-8-275 PG 20 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 534IT UT WOS:000272890500001 PM 19954537 ER PT J AU Bombard, JM Pederson, LL Koval, JJ O'Hegarty, M AF Bombard, Jennifer M. Pederson, Linda L. Koval, John J. O'Hegarty, Michelle TI How are lifetime polytobacco users different than current cigarette-only users? Results from a Canadian young adult population SO ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS LA English DT Article DE Polytobacco use; Tobacco smoking; Cigarette smoking; Smokeless tobacco ID SMOKELESS TOBACCO USE; HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; ADOLESCENT SMOKING; SMOKERS; VARIABLES; PRODUCTS; PREVALENCE AB Current cigarette smoking combined with ever use of other tobacco products (lifetime polytobacco use) is important to examine as users may be at greater risk for illicit drug use, nicotine addiction, and adverse health outcomes. We determined estimates and patterns of lifetime polytobacco use and conducted multivariable analyses to determine demographic, family and friend, psychosocial, and lifestyle factors associated with use among a sample of Canadian young adults. Overall prevalence was 36.3% for current cigarette use; 10.1% for current cigarette use only and 26.2% for lifetime polytobacco use. Among polytobacco users, current cigarette use and ever cigar use was most frequent (67.2%). For males, the final model contained demographic, family and friends, and lifestyle factors. For females, the final model also included psychosocial factors. Illicit drug use was the strongest significant predictor for lifetime polytobacco use among males. We found gender specific differences when comparing lifetime polytobacco users to current cigarette-only users, in particular; male lifetime polytobacco users were more likely to use drugs and alcohol. interventions focusing on individual substances should consider addressing combinations of use. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bombard, Jennifer M.; O'Hegarty, Michelle] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Pederson, Linda L.] Morehouse Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Koval, John J.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, London, ON, Canada. RP Bombard, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,NE Mailstop K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jbombard@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4603 J9 ADDICT BEHAV JI Addict. Behav. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 34 IS 12 BP 1069 EP 1072 DI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2009.06.009 PG 4 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 502PN UT WOS:000270472500013 PM 19646820 ER PT J AU Carey, JW Mejia, R Bingham, T Ciesielski, C Gelaude, D Herbst, JH Sinunu, M Sey, E Prachand, N Jenkins, RA Stall, R AF Carey, James W. Mejia, Roberto Bingham, Trista Ciesielski, Carol Gelaude, Deborah Herbst, Jeffrey H. Sinunu, Michele Sey, Ekow Prachand, Nikhil Jenkins, Richard A. Stall, Ron TI Drug Use, High-Risk Sex Behaviors, and Increased Risk for Recent HIV Infection among Men who Have Sex with Men in Chicago and Los Angeles SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Recent HIV infection; Men who have sex with men; Drug use; Viagra (R); Poppers; Methamphetamine; Sexual risk behavior ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SILDENAFIL VIAGRA USE; SUBSTANCE USE; UNITED-STATES; SAN-FRANCISCO; YOUNG MEN; PREVENTION PROGRAMS; METHAMPHETAMINE USE; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; BISEXUAL MEN AB We examined how drugs, high-risk sexual behaviors, and socio-demographic variables are associated with recent HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) in a case-control study. Interviewers collected risk factor data among 111 cases with recent HIV infection, and 333 HIV-negative controls from Chicago and Los Angeles. Compared with controls, cases had more unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) with both HIV-positive and HIV-negative partners. MSM with lower income or prior sexually transmitted infections (STI) were more likely to be recently HIV infected. Substances associated with UAI included amyl nitrate ("poppers"), methamphetamine, Viagra(A (R)) (or similar PDE-5 inhibitors), ketamine, and gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB). Cases more frequently used Viagra(A (R)), poppers, and methamphetamine during UAI compared with controls. In multivariate analysis, income, UAI with HIV-positive partners, Viagra(A (R)), and poppers remained associated with recent HIV seroconversion. Better methods are needed to prevent HIV among MSM who engage in high-risk sex with concurrent drug use. C1 [Carey, James W.; Mejia, Roberto; Gelaude, Deborah; Herbst, Jeffrey H.; Sinunu, Michele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Res Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bingham, Trista; Sey, Ekow] Los Angeles Cty Dept Hlth Serv, HIV Epidemiol Program, Los Angeles, CA 90005 USA. [Ciesielski, Carol] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, APO, AP 96546 USA. [Prachand, Nikhil] Chicago Dept Publ Hlth HIV Surveillance Epidemiol, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. [Jenkins, Richard A.] NIDA, Prevent Res Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Stall, Ron] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Behav Community Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Carey, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Res Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jfc9@cdc.gov NR 64 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 3 U2 14 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS behav. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 13 IS 6 BP 1084 EP 1096 DI 10.1007/s10461-008-9403-3 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 526NX UT WOS:000272298900008 PM 18498049 ER PT J AU Courtenay-Quirk, C Zhang, J Wolitski, RJ AF Courtenay-Quirk, Cari Zhang, Jun Wolitski, Richard J. TI Intentional Abstinence Among Homeless and Unstably Housed Persons Living with HIV/AIDS SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV infection; Sexual behavior; Abstinence; Homelessness ID SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIOR; HIV-SEROPOSITIVE GAY; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; AFRICAN-AMERICAN MEN; UNITED-STATES; INFECTED ADULTS; HOUSING STATUS; SUBSTANCE USE; BISEXUAL MEN; VIRAL LOAD AB Some persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) engage in periods of sexual abstinence. Baseline data from a larger study of homeless/unstably housed PLWHA indicated that 20% (125/644) intentionally abstained from sex in the past 90 days. Reasons included: (1) 'not interested' (n = 78); (2) did not want to infect someone (n = 46); and (3) did not have a partner (n = 37). Abstinence was less likely among all who had a main partner. Among men who have sex with men (MSM), abstinence was less likely among those with a detectable viral load. It was more likely among heterosexual men who were experiencing current housing problems and who had at least a high school education. Among women, abstinence was less likely among African Americans and those whose social networks were more aware of their HIV status. Better understanding of motivations to abstain may improve how programs serving PLWHA address this issue. C1 [Courtenay-Quirk, Cari; Wolitski, Richard J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zhang, Jun] Business Comp Applicat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Courtenay-Quirk, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Ccourtenayquirk@cdc.gov NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS behav. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 13 IS 6 BP 1119 EP 1128 DI 10.1007/s10461-008-9461-6 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 526NX UT WOS:000272298900011 PM 18818997 ER PT J AU Golin, C Marks, G Wright, J Gerkovich, M Tien, HC Patel, SN Gardner, L O'Daniels, C Wilson, TE Thrun, M Thompson, M Raffanti, S Quinlivan, EB AF Golin, Carol Marks, Gary Wright, Julie Gerkovich, Mary Tien, Hsiao-Chuan Patel, Shilpa N. Gardner, Lytt O'Daniels, Christine Wilson, Tracey E. Thrun, Mark Thompson, Melanie Raffanti, Stephen Quinlivan, E. Byrd TI Psychosocial Characteristics and Sexual Behaviors of People in Care for HIV Infection: An Examination of Men Who Have Sex with Men, Heterosexual Men and Women SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV; HIV prevention; Sexual behavior; STDs; STD prevention ID BASE-LINE DATA; RISK BEHAVIOR; TRANSMISSION RISK; UNITED-STATES; POSITIVE MEN; DIVERSE SAMPLE; PERSONS AWARE; COCAINE USE; INTERVENTION; PREVENTION AB Few studies have examined the psychosocial factors associated with sexual transmission behaviors among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM), heterosexual men (MSW) and women. We enrolled 1,050 sexually active HIV-positive patients at seven HIV clinics in six US cities as part of a clinic-based behavioral intervention. We describe the sexual transmission behaviors and examine demographic, clinical, psychosocial, and clinic prevention variables associated with unprotected anal or vaginal intercourse (UAVI). Twenty-three percent of MSM, 12.3% of MSW and 27.8% of women engaged in UAVI with partners perceived to be HIV-negative or of unknown serostatus. Among MSM and MSW, having multiple partners and lower self-efficacy were associated with increased odds of UAVI. Self-rating one's health status as excellent/very good was a risk factor for UAVI among MSM. Among women, binge drinking and stressful life events were associated with UAVI. These findings identify variables that warrant attention in targeted interventions. C1 [Golin, Carol; Patel, Shilpa N.] Univ N Carolina, Cecil G Sheps Ctr Hlth Serv Res, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Golin, Carol; Quinlivan, E. Byrd] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Golin, Carol] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Golin, Carol; Tien, Hsiao-Chuan; Quinlivan, E. Byrd] Univ N Carolina, Ctr AIDS Res, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Quinlivan, E. Byrd] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Wright, Julie; Gerkovich, Mary] Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA. [Marks, Gary; Gardner, Lytt; O'Daniels, Christine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [O'Daniels, Christine] McKing Consulting Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wilson, Tracey E.] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Prevent Med & Community Hlth, Downstate Med Ctr, Binghamton, NY USA. [Thompson, Melanie] AIDS Res Consortium Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. [Raffanti, Stephen] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. [Thrun, Mark] Denver Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. RP Golin, C (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Cecil G Sheps Ctr Hlth Serv Res, 725 Airport Rd,Campus Box 7590, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM Carol_Golin@unc.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [P30 AI050410, NIH P30-AI50410.] NR 39 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 6 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS behav. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 13 IS 6 BP 1129 EP 1142 DI 10.1007/s10461-009-9613-3 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 526NX UT WOS:000272298900012 PM 19763810 ER PT J AU Wolitski, RJ Pals, SL Kidder, DP Courtenay-Quirk, C Holtgrave, DR AF Wolitski, Richard J. Pals, Sherri L. Kidder, Daniel P. Courtenay-Quirk, Cari Holtgrave, David R. TI The Effects of HIV Stigma on Health, Disclosure of HIV Status, and Risk Behavior of Homeless and Unstably Housed Persons Living with HIV SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV stigma; Discrimination; Prejudice; Homelessness; Access to medical care; Adherence; Sexual risk behavior; HIV disclosure; Social support ID PUBLIC REACTIONS; HIV/AIDS STIGMA; BISEXUAL MEN; POSITIVE MEN; SEROSTATUS DISCLOSURE; MEDICATION ADHERENCE; SEXUAL PRACTICES; SELF-DISCLOSURE; SOCIAL SUPPORT; UNITED-STATES AB HIV-related stigma negatively affects the lives of persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Homeless/unstably housed PLWHA experience myriad challenges and may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of HIV-related stigma. Homeless/unstably housed PLWHA from 3 U.S. cities (N = 637) completed computer-assisted interviews that measured demographics, self-assessed physical and mental health, medical utilization, adherence, HIV disclosure, and risk behaviors. Internal and perceived external HIV stigma were assessed and combined for a total stigma score. Higher levels of stigma were experienced by women, homeless participants, those with a high school education or less, and those more recently diagnosed with HIV. Stigma was strongly associated with poorer self-assessed physical and mental health, and perceived external stigma was associated with recent non-adherence to HIV treatment. Perceived external stigma was associated with decreased HIV disclosure to social network members, and internal stigma was associated with drug use and non-disclosure to sex partners. Interventions are needed to reduce HIV-related stigma and its effects on the health of homeless/unstably housed PLWHA. C1 [Wolitski, Richard J.; Pals, Sherri L.; Kidder, Daniel P.; Courtenay-Quirk, Cari] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Holtgrave, David R.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Wolitski, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton RD NE,MS E-35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM RWolitski@cdc.gov NR 80 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 24 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS behav. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 13 IS 6 BP 1222 EP 1232 DI 10.1007/s10461-008-9455-4 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 526NX UT WOS:000272298900021 PM 18770023 ER PT J AU Penman-Aguilar, A Swezey, T Turner, AN Bell, AJ Ramiandrisoa, FN Legardy-Williams, J Randrianasolo, B Van Damme, K Dulyx, J Behets, F Jamieson, DJ AF Penman-Aguilar, Ana Swezey, Teresa Turner, Abigail Norris Bell, April J. Ramiandrisoa, Felasoa Noroseheno Legardy-Williams, Jennifer Randrianasolo, Bodo Van Damme, Kathleen Dulyx, Jennifer Behets, Frieda Jamieson, Denise J. TI PROMOTING CONTINUOUS USE AS A STRATEGY FOR ACHIEVING ADHERENCE IN A TRIAL OF THE DIAPHRAGM WITH CANDIDATE MICROBICIDE SO AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; LUBRICANT GEL; FEMALE CONDOM; PREVENTION; ACCEPTABILITY; MADAGASCAR; FUTURE; WOMEN; HIV AB Women need more choices for protection from HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We conducted a randomized 4-week study in Madagascar in preparation for a Phase III randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the diaphragm with a candidate microbicide for STI prevention. All participants completed quantitative surveys; half participated in a qualitative interview. We advised women to wear the diaphragm at all times except for daily cleaning (rather than inserting it before intercourse). The objective of this analysis was to determine whether women who followed this "continuous use" approach more often used the diaphragm for 100% of sex acts as compared with other women. If so, this would support advising continuous diaphragm use in the upcoming RCT. To meet our objective, we analyzed qualitative data thematically, developed a measure of continuous diaphragm use based on qualitative data, and used multiple regression to evaluate the measure's association with adherence to diaphragm use during 100% of sex acts. Women who wore the diaphragm continuously had 4 times higher odds of reporting diaphragm use during 100% of sex acts (OR: 4.6, 95% CI: 1.2, 24.0). If the diaphragm proves effective against STI, continuous use may help women achieve high levels of protection. C1 [Penman-Aguilar, Ana; Bell, April J.; Legardy-Williams, Jennifer; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Swezey, Teresa; Turner, Abigail Norris; Dulyx, Jennifer; Behets, Frieda] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Ramiandrisoa, Felasoa Noroseheno; Randrianasolo, Bodo; Van Damme, Kathleen] UNC Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar. RP Penman-Aguilar, A (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Womens Hlth & Fertil Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway MS K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM bpv4@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0899-9546 J9 AIDS EDUC PREV JI Aids Educ. Prev. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 21 IS 6 BP 512 EP 525 PG 14 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 534QZ UT WOS:000272913600002 PM 20030496 ER PT J AU Horvath, KJ Courtenay-Quirk, C Harwood, E Fisher, H Kachur, R McFarlane, M O'Leary, A Rosser, BRS AF Horvath, Keith J. Courtenay-Quirk, Cari Harwood, Eileen Fisher, Holly Kachur, Rachel McFarlane, Mary O'Leary, Ann Rosser, B. R. Simon TI Using the Internet to Provide Care for Persons Living with HIV SO AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS LA English DT Article ID CAREGIVERS; VARIABLES; HIV/AIDS AB There are no published reports on ways in which caregivers use the Internet to support people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Five hundred caregivers were recruited in a 5-week period to complete an online survey of demographic characteristics, Internet use, online health-seeking self-efficacy, and ways they used the Internet to support PLWHA. Caregivers were on average 39 years old, white, heterosexual, highly educated, and Internet-savvy. Most provided informal care only (e. g., as a friend; 78%), with the remainder divided among those who provided care exclusively as part of their job (11%) or in both informally and professionally (11%). Most (72%) respondents visited a general medical website for HIV information, and 44% shared information from the Internet with PLWHA. Compared to informal caregivers, caregivers whose roles were both informal and professional had greater odds of recently sharing information from the Internet with PLWHA (odds ratio [OR] = 2.03) and ever printing off information from a website to give to PLWHA (odds ratio [OR] = 3.87). Professional caregivers had higher odds of ever printing off information from a website to give to PLWHA (OR = 1.87), but lower odds of sending an e-mail with a website link (OR = 0.32) than informal caregivers. These findings suggest that websites providing HIV-related resources should consider the various ways in which caregivers use their content, and how utilization differs by role. More research is needed to understand how people providing care for PLWHA share information and support each other and the impact that doing so has on caregiver burden and treatment outcomes for PLWHA. C1 [Horvath, Keith J.; Harwood, Eileen; Rosser, B. R. Simon] Univ Minnesota, Dept Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. [Courtenay-Quirk, Cari; Fisher, Holly; O'Leary, Ann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kachur, Rachel; McFarlane, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Horvath, KJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Epidemiol & Community Hlth, 300 S 2nd St,300 WBOB, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. EM horva018@umn.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative [5UR6PS000341] FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative Agreement #5UR6PS000341. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1087-2914 J9 AIDS PATIENT CARE ST JI Aids Patient Care STDS PD DEC PY 2009 VL 23 IS 12 BP 1033 EP 1041 DI 10.1089/apc.2009.0163 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 535GR UT WOS:000272955800006 PM 20025513 ER PT J AU Matte, TD Cohen, A Dimmick, F Samet, J Sarnat, J Yip, F Jones, N AF Matte, Thomas D. Cohen, Aaron Dimmick, Fred Samet, Jonathan Sarnat, Jeremy Yip, Fuyuen Jones, Nicholas TI Summary of the workshop on methodologies for environmental public health tracking of air pollution effects SO AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Environmental exposure; Population surveillance; Public health; Air pollution AB The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention established the Environmental Public Health Tracking (EPHT) program to support state and local projects that characterize the impact of the environment on health. The projects involve compiling, linking, analyzing, and disseminating environmental and health surveillance information, thereby engaging stakeholders and guiding actions to improve public health. One of the EPHT objectives is to track the public health impact of ambient air pollution with analyses that are timely and relevant to state and local stakeholders. To address methodological issues relevant to this objective, in January 2008, government officials and researchers from the USA, Canada, and Europe gathered in Baltimore, Maryland for a 2-day workshop. Using commissioned papers and presentations on key methodological issues as well as examples of previous air pollution impact assessments, work group discussions produced a set of consensus recommendations for the EPHT program. These recommendations noted the need for data that will encourage local stakeholders to support continued progress in air pollution control. The limitations of using only local data for analyses were also noted. To improve local estimates of air pollution health impacts, methods were recommended that "borrow strength" from other evidence. An incremental approach to implementing such methods was recommended. The importance and difficulty of communicating uncertainties in local health impact assessments was emphasized, as was the need for coordination among different agencies conducting health impact assessments. C1 [Matte, Thomas D.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cohen, Aaron] Hlth Effects Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Dimmick, Fred] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Samet, Jonathan] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Sarnat, Jeremy] Emory Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Yip, Fuyuen] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jones, Nicholas] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Environm Hlth Tracking Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Matte, TD (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tmatte@health.nyc.gov NR 31 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 1873-9318 J9 AIR QUAL ATMOS HLTH JI Air Qual. Atmos. Health PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4 SI SI BP 177 EP 184 DI 10.1007/s11869-009-0059-6 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V25HT UT WOS:000208469800001 ER PT J AU Li, CY Ford, ES Zhao, GX Balluz, LS Giles, WH AF Li, Chaoyang Ford, Earl S. Zhao, Guixiang Balluz, Lina S. Giles, Wayne H. TI Estimates of body composition with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in adults SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID DISEASE RISK-FACTORS; MASS INDEX; FAT; AGE; PERCENTAGE; OBESITY; MODEL; YOUNG; POPULATION; OVERWEIGHT AB Background: Little is known about the distributions of percentage body fat (PBF), total body fat (TBF), and fat-free mass (FFM) in the adult population in the United States. Objectives: We sought to estimate the means and percentile cutoffs of PBF, TBF, and FFM and to assess the differences by sex, age, race-ethnicity, and body mass index in US adults. Design: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which were collected during the 6-y period from 1999 to 2004 and comprise a large nationally representative sample of the US population, were analyzed (n = 6559 men and 6507 nonpregnant women). TBF and FFM were measured by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. PBF was calculated as TBF divided by total mass multiplied by 100. Results: There were large differences between men and women in unadjusted mean PBF (28.1% compared with 40.0%, P < 0.001), TBF (25.4 compared with 30.8 kg, P < 0.001), and FFM (62.3 compared with 44.0 kg, P < 0.001); the sex differences persisted across all body mass index categories after adjustment for age and race-ethnicity (all P < 0.001). The common percentile cutoffs of PBF, TBF, and FFM were estimated by sex, race-ethnicity, and age groups. Equations for the estimation of PBF (R(2) = 0.85), TBF (R(2) = 0.94), and FFM (R(2) = 0.94) according to demographic characteristics and simple anthropometric measures were generated. Conclusion: The estimates of means and percentile cutoffs for PBF, TBF, and FFM, on the basis of NHANES 199922004 dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry data, provide a reference in the US adult population. Am J Clin Nutr 2009;90:1457-65. C1 [Li, Chaoyang; Ford, Earl S.; Zhao, Guixiang; Balluz, Lina S.; Giles, Wayne H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Li, CY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cli@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 90 IS 6 BP 1457 EP 1465 DI 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28141 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 522XZ UT WOS:000272034900004 PM 19812179 ER PT J AU Schieve, LA Devine, O Boyle, CA Petrini, JR Warner, L AF Schieve, Laura A. Devine, Owen Boyle, Coleen A. Petrini, Joann R. Warner, Lee TI Estimation of the Contribution of Non-Assisted Reproductive Technology Ovulation Stimulation Fertility Treatments to US Singleton and Multiple Births SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE birth rate; infertility; meta-analysis; Monte Carlo method; ovulation induction ID CONTROLLED OVARIAN HYPERSTIMULATION; BODY-MASS INDEX; INTRAUTERINE INSEMINATION; PERINATAL OUTCOMES; PREGNANCY RATES; UNITED-STATES; AROMATASE INHIBITOR; VANISHING TWINS; RISK-FACTORS; GONADOTROPINS AB Infertility treatments that include ovulation stimulation, both assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) and non-ART ovulation stimulation, are associated with increased risks of multiple birth and concomitant sequelae and adverse outcomes, even among singletons. While a US surveillance system for ART-induced births is ongoing, no population-based tracking system exists for births resulting from non-ART treatments. The authors developed a multistage model to estimate the uncertain proportion of US infants born in 2005 who were conceived by using non-ART ovulation treatments. Using published surveillance data, they estimated proportions of US multiple births conceived naturally and by ART and assumed that the remainder were conceived with non-ART treatments. They used Bayesian meta-analyses to summarize published clinical studies on the multiple-gestation risk associated with non-ART ovulation treatments, applied a fetal survival factor, and used this multiple-birth risk estimate and their own estimate of the proportion of US multiple births attributable to non-ART ovulation stimulation to estimate the total (and, through subtraction, singleton) proportion of infants conceived with such treatments. On the basis of the model, the authors estimate that 4.6% of US infants born in 2005 (95% uncertainty range: 2.8%-7.1%) resulted from non-ART ovulation treatments. Notably, this figure is 4 times greater than the ART contribution. C1 [Schieve, Laura A.; Devine, Owen; Boyle, Coleen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Petrini, Joann R.] Danbury Hosp, Danbury, CT USA. [Petrini, Joann R.] March Dimes Fdn, White Plains, NY USA. [Petrini, Joann R.] Yeshiva Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol & Womens Hlth, Albert Einstein Coll Med, New York, NY 10033 USA. [Warner, Lee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schieve, LA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, MS E-86,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lschieve@cdc.gov NR 51 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 170 IS 11 BP 1396 EP 1407 DI 10.1093/aje/kwp281 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 523JR UT WOS:000272069900010 PM 19854803 ER PT J AU Wang, ML Avashia, BH Wood, J Petsonk, EL AF Wang, Mei Lin Avashia, Bipin H. Wood, John Petsonk, Edward L. TI Excessive Longitudinal FEV1 Decline and Risks to Future Health: A Case-Control Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE spirometry; pulmonary disease; chronic obstructive; mass screening; excessive FEV1 decline ID LUNG-FUNCTION DECLINE; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; RAPID DECLINE; COAL-MINERS; WEIGHT-GAIN; MORTALITY; INDIVIDUALS; POPULATION; SPIROMETRY; DISEASE AB Background Accelerated loss of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in an individual is considered an indicator of developing lung disease. Methods We investigated longitudinal FEV1 slopes, calculated by simple linear regression, and adverse health outcomes after 10-30 years, among 1,428 chemical plant workers. Cases were defined by FEV1 slopes below 5th percentile values for the cohort. Cases were matched with controls (107 pairs) for race, gender smoking status, year of birth, age, height, and calendar year at first test. Matched pair statistics were used for comparisons. Results Cases had a higher proportion, compared to controls, of diagnosis of COPD or emphysema (17.8% vs. 1.9%, P = 0.0002), medication. use for respiratory diseases (24.3% vs. 4.7%, P < 0.0001), dyspnea (15% vs. 3.7%, P = 0.0042), and wheezing or rhonchi on examination (10.3% vs. 1.9%, P = 0.0225). Conclusions Chemical plant workers who experienced accelerated FEV1 declines experienced four to nine times as many adverse health conditions over 10-30 years. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:909-915, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Wang, Mei Lin; Wood, John; Petsonk, Edward L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Avashia, Bipin H.] Inst Plant, Dept Med, Institute, WV USA. RP Petsonk, EL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Mail Stop H-G900-2,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM elp2@cdc.gov FU NIOSH FX Contract grant sponsor: NIOSH. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 52 IS 12 BP 909 EP 915 DI 10.1002/ajim.20764 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 526TC UT WOS:000272315900002 PM 19852019 ER PT J AU Edwards, JR Peterson, KD Mu, Y Banerjee, S Allen-Bridson, K Morrell, G Dudeck, MA Pollock, DA Horan, TC AF Edwards, Jonathan R. Peterson, Kelly D. Mu, Yi Banerjee, Shailendra Allen-Bridson, Katherine Morrell, Gloria Dudeck, Margaret A. Pollock, Daniel A. Horan, Teresa C. TI National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) report: Data summary for 2006 through 2008, issued December 2009 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article ID INFECTIONS C1 [Edwards, Jonathan R.; Peterson, Kelly D.; Mu, Yi; Banerjee, Shailendra; Allen-Bridson, Katherine; Morrell, Gloria; Dudeck, Margaret A.; Pollock, Daniel A.; Horan, Teresa C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Publ Hlth Serv,US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Edwards, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Publ Hlth Serv,US Dept HHS, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JREdwards@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 395 Z9 426 U1 1 U2 9 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD DEC PY 2009 VL 37 IS 10 BP 783 EP 805 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2009.10.001 PG 23 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 559WM UT WOS:000274859000001 PM 20004811 ER PT J AU Kim, C Liu, T Valdez, R Beckles, GL AF Kim, Catherine Liu, Tiebin Valdez, Rodolfo Beckles, Gloria L. TI Does frank diabetes in first-degree relatives of a pregnant woman affect the likelihood of her developing gestational diabetes mellitus or nongestational diabetes? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE family history; gestational diabetes; sibling ID IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; MATERNAL TRANSMISSION; WOMEN; PREVALENCE; PREDISPOSITION; HISTORY; OBESITY; INSULIN AB OBJECTIVE: We sought to examine the associations between patterns of family histories of diabetes and a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (hGDM). STUDY DESIGN: Parous women participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (n = 4566) were classified as having hGDM only, diagnosed diabetes, or neither. Family history of diabetes was categorized as: maternal only, paternal only, biparental, and sibling only. The covariate-adjusted prevalence and odds of having hGDM were estimated. RESULTS: Compared to women without a family history of diabetes, women with a maternal (odds ratio [OR], 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-7.3), paternal (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.1-10.2), or sibling (OR, 7.1; 95% CI, 1.6 -30.9) history of diabetes had greater odds of hGDM, after adjustment for age and race/ethnicity. CONCLUSION: Women with a sibling history of diabetes were more likely to have hGDM than women with other family history patterns. C1 [Kim, Catherine] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. [Kim, Catherine] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. [Liu, Tiebin; Valdez, Rodolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. [Beckles, Gloria L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kim, C (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. FU National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [K23DK071552]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supported by K23DK071552 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (Dr Kim) and by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Drs Valdez and Beckles, and Mr Liu). NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 5 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 201 IS 6 AR 576.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.06.069 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 527AH UT WOS:000272337600018 PM 19691951 ER PT J AU Greene, SK Shi, P Dutta-Linn, MM Shoup, JA Hinrichsen, VL Ray, P Nordin, JD Kuckler, L Weintraub, ES Yih, K AF Greene, Sharon K. Shi, Ping Dutta-Linn, M. Maya Shoup, Jo Ann Hinrichsen, Virginia L. Ray, Paula Nordin, James D. Kuckler, Leslie Weintraub, Eric S. Yih, Katherine TI Accuracy of Data on Influenza Vaccination Status at Four Vaccine Safety Datalink Sites SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SELF-REPORT; ELDERLY OUTPATIENTS; VALIDATION; WOMEN; OLDER AB Background: Studies of influenza vaccination using electronic medical records rely on accurate classification of vaccination status. Vaccinations not entered into electronic records would be unavailable for study. Purpose: This study evaluated the sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) of electronic records for influenza vaccination and factors associated with failure to capture vaccinations. Methods: In four diverse medical care organizations in the Vaccine Safety Datalink, those aged 50-79 years with no influenza vaccination record during the 2007-2008 season were Surveyed by telephone, and electronic records were analyzed in 2008. The sensitivity and NPV of electronic records were estimated, using survey responses as the gold standard. Logistic regression models determined associations between 1-NPV and demographic factors, risk of influenza complications, and healthcare utilization levels. Results: Data were obtained for 933 survey participants and 1,085,916 medical care organization members. Sites varied significantly in the sensitivity (51%, 68%, 79%, 89%) and NPV (46%, 62%, 66%, 87%) of electronic records. In multivariate analysis, the rate of failure to capture vaccinations was significantly higher for those aged 65-79 years than for those aged 50-64 years at three sites. Of vaccinations not captured by electronic records, 58% were reportedly administered in nontraditional settings, usually workplaces; the rest were given within the sites. Conclusions: Influenza vaccination studies relying on electronic records may misclassify substantial proportions of vaccinated individuals as unvaccinated, producing biased estimates of vaccine effectiveness. Sites with limited sensitivity to capture vaccinations administered within their organization should seek possible remedies. More complete capture of vaccinations administered to older patients and in nontraditional settings would further reduce misclassification. (Am J Prev Med 2009;37(6):552-555) (C) 2009 American journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Greene, Sharon K.; Shi, Ping; Dutta-Linn, M. Maya; Hinrichsen, Virginia L.; Yih, Katherine] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Greene, Sharon K.; Shi, Ping; Dutta-Linn, M. Maya; Hinrichsen, Virginia L.; Yih, Katherine] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Shoup, Jo Ann] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. [Ray, Paula] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Oakland, CA USA. [Nordin, James D.; Kuckler, Leslie] HealthPartners Res Fdn, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Weintraub, Eric S.] CDC, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Greene, SK (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, 133 Brookline Ave,6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM Sharon_Greene@harvardpilgrim.org FU America's Health Insurance Plans [200-2002-00732] FX This study was funded through a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans Under contract 200-2002-00732 from the CDC. NR 20 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 37 IS 6 BP 552 EP 555 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.08.022 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 532SJ UT WOS:000272769700014 PM 19944924 ER PT J AU Campbell, CA Hahn, RA Elder, R Brewer, R Chattopadhyay, S Fielding, P Naimi, TS Toomey, T Lawrence, B Middleton, MC AF Campbell, Carla Alexia Hahn, Robert A. Elder, Randy Brewer, Robert Chattopadhyay, Sajal Fielding, Jonathan Naimi, Timothy S. Toomey, Traci Lawrence, Briana Middleton, Jennifer Cook CA Task Force Community Preventive Se TI The Effectiveness of Limiting Alcohol Outlet Density As a Means of Reducing Excessive Alcohol Consumption and Alcohol-Related Harms SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID COMMUNITY-PREVENTIVE-SERVICES; TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS; LOS-ANGELES-COUNTY; LOCAL OPTION LAW; DISTILLED SPIRITS; ASSAULTIVE VIOLENCE; CHILD MALTREATMENT; SPATIAL-ANALYSIS; GROCERY STORES; PHYSICAL AVAILABILITY AB The density of alcohol Outlets in communities may be regulated to reduce excessive alcohol consumption and related harms. Studies directly assessing the control of outlet density as a means of controlling excessive alcohol consumption and related harms do not exist, but assessments of related phenomena are indicative. To assess the effects of outlet density on alcohol-related harms, primary evidence was used from interrupted time-series Studies Of outlet density; Studies of the privatization of alcohol sales, alcohol bans, and changes in license arrangements-all of which affected Outlet density. Most of the studies included in this review found that greater outlet density is associated with increased alcohol consumption and related harms, including medical harms, injury, crime, and violence. Primary evidence was supported by secondary evidence from correlational studies. The regulation of alcohol Outlet density may be a useful public health tool for the reduction of excessive alcohol consumption and related harms. (Am J Prev Med 2009;37(6):556-569) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Brewer, Robert; Naimi, Timothy S.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fielding, Jonathan] Los Angeles Cty Dept, Hlth Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Toomey, Traci] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Hahn, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Community Guide Branch, Div Hlth Commun & Mkt, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop E-69, Atlanta, GA 30338 USA. EM rhahn@cdc.gov RI Stockwell, Tim/B-6662-2012 NR 116 TC 155 Z9 155 U1 3 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 37 IS 6 BP 556 EP 569 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.09.028 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 532SJ UT WOS:000272769700015 PM 19944925 ER PT J AU Daniel, KL AF Daniel, Katherine Lyon TI The Power of Mom in Communicating Health SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Daniel, KL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD DEC PY 2009 VL 99 IS 12 BP 2119 EP 2119 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2009.182311 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 529GI UT WOS:000272503700003 PM 19846684 ER PT J AU Daniel, KL Bernhardt, JM Eroglu, D AF Daniel, Katherine Lyon Bernhardt, Jay M. Eroglu, Dogan TI Social Marketing and Health Communication: From People to Places SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Daniel, Katherine Lyon; Bernhardt, Jay M.; Eroglu, Dogan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Daniel, KL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS E-21,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM KDL8@cdc.gov OI Bernhardt, Jay/0000-0002-2045-4005 NR 14 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD DEC PY 2009 VL 99 IS 12 BP 2120 EP 2122 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2009.182113 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 529GI UT WOS:000272503700004 PM 19846685 ER PT J AU Kreuter, MW Bernhardt, JM AF Kreuter, Matthew W. Bernhardt, Jay M. TI Reframing the Dissemination Challenge: A Marketing and Distribution Perspective SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; COMMUNITY COALITIONS; CONSUMER RESPONSE; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; FIGHTING BACK; IMPLEMENTATION; INTERVENTIONS; PREVENTION; DIFFUSION; ENTREPRENEURSHIP AB A fundamental obstacle to successful dissemination and implementation of evidence-based public health programs is the near-total absence of systems and infrastructure for marketing and distribution. We describe the functions of a marketing and distribution system, and we explain how it would help move effective public health programs from research to practice. Then we critically evaluate the 4 dominant strategies now used to promote dissemination and implementation, and we explain how each would be enhanced by marketing and distribution systems. Finally, we make 6 recommendations for building the needed system infrastructure and discuss the responsibility within the public health community for implementation of these recommendations. Without serious investment in such infrastructure, application of proven solutions in public health practice will continue to occur slowly and rarely. (Am J Public Health. 2009; 99:2123-2127. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.155218) C1 [Kreuter, Matthew W.] Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, St Louis, MO 63112 USA. [Kreuter, Matthew W.] Washington Univ, Hlth Commun Res Lab, Inst Publ Hlth, St Louis, MO 63112 USA. [Bernhardt, Jay M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kreuter, MW (reprint author), Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, 700 Rosedale Ave,Campus Box 1009, St Louis, MO 63112 USA. EM mkreuter@gwbmail.wustl.edu OI Bernhardt, Jay/0000-0002-2045-4005 FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [US48 DP000060, U48 DP000060]; NCI NIH HHS [CA-P50-95815, P50 CA095815] NR 40 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD DEC PY 2009 VL 99 IS 12 BP 2123 EP 2127 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2008.155218 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 529GI UT WOS:000272503700005 PM 19833993 ER PT J AU Penilla, RP Ranson, H Padilla, N Morgan, JC Steen, K Pignatelli, P Rodriguez, AD Hemingway, J Brogdon, WG Black, WC Benedict, MQ AF Patricia Penilla, R. Ranson, Hilary Padilla, Norma Morgan, John C. Steen, Keith Pignatelli, Patricia Rodriguez, Americo D. Hemingway, Janet Brogdon, William G. Black, William C. Benedict, Mark Q. TI Towards a Genetic Map for Anopheles albimanus: Identification of Microsatellite Markers and a Preliminary Linkage Map for Chromosome 2 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID MALARIA VECTOR MOSQUITO; CENTRAL-AMERICA; RESISTANCE; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; POPULATIONS; SELECTION; GAMBIAE; MUTANT; SOUTH AB Fifty microsatellite loci were identified ill the malaria vector Anopheles albimanus. Markers segregating in F2 progeny of crosses between laboratory strains of An. albimanus were used to construct a preliminary genetic map. More than 300 progeny were genotyped, but the resolution of the map was limited by the lack of polymorphisms in the microsatellite alleles. A robust linkage map for chromosome 2 was established, and additional markers were assigned to the third and X chromosomes by linkage to morphological markers of known physical location. Additional non-informative microsatellite sequences are provided including some showing similarity to those of An. gambiae. This Study significantly increases the number of genetic markers available for An. albimanus and provides useful tools for Population genetics and genetic mapping studies in this important malaria vector. C1 [Patricia Penilla, R.; Rodriguez, Americo D.] Inst Nacl Salud Publ, Ctr Reg Invest Salud Publ, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico. [Ranson, Hilary; Morgan, John C.; Steen, Keith; Pignatelli, Patricia; Hemingway, Janet] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Vector Grp, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Padilla, Norma] Univ Valle de Guatemala, Ctr Hlth Studies, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Brogdon, William G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chamblee, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Black, William C.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Benedict, MQ (reprint author), POB 105603,6662, Atlanta, GA 30348 USA. EM penilla@insp.mx; hranson@liverpool.ac.uk; npadilla@gt.cdc.gov; jcmorgan@liv.ac.uk; steenk@liv.ac.uk; triciap@liv.ac.uk; americo@insp.mx; Hemingway@liverpool.ac.uk; WGB1@CDC.gov; William.Black@ColoState.EDU; MQBenedict@yahoo.com OI Ranson, Hilary/0000-0003-2332-8247; Hemingway, Janet/0000-0002-3200-7173 FU Wellcome Trust [065849/2/01/Z]; Gorgas Memorial Institute FX This work was Supported by a Wellcome Trust Project Grant 065849/2/01/Z to Patricia Penilla and by a Gorgas Memorial Institute Research Award to Norma Padilla. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 81 IS 6 BP 1007 EP 1012 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2009.08-0607 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 531YN UT WOS:000272709600013 PM 19996429 ER PT J AU Lambdin, BH Schmaedick, MA McClintock, S Roberts, J Gurr, NE Marcos, K Waller, L Burkot, TR AF Lambdin, Barrot H. Schmaedick, Mark A. McClintock, Shannon Roberts, Jacqueline Gurr, Neil E. Marcos, Kenneth Waller, Lance Burkot, Thomas R. TI Dry Season Production of Filariasis and Dengue Vectors in American Samoa and Comparison with Wet Season Production SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID WUCHERERIA-BANCROFTI INFECTION; AEDES-AEGYPTI; INHABITING MOSQUITOS; LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS; TRANSMISSION; POLYNESIENSIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATIONS; CULICIDAE; EFFICACY AB Aedes polynesiensis and Ae. aegypti breeding site productivity in two American Samoa villages were analyzed during a dry season survey and compared with a wet season survey. Both surveys identified similar container types producing greater numbers of pupae, with buckets, drums, and tires responsible for > 50% of Aedes pupae during the dry season. The prevalence of containers with Ae. polynesiensis and the density of Ae. polynesiensis in discarded appliances, drums, and discarded plastic ice cream containers were significantly greater during the dry season. Aedes aegypti pupal densities were significantly greater in the dry season in ice cream containers and tires. Significant clustering of the most productive container types by household was only found for appliances. The high productivity for Ae. polynesiensis and Ae. aegypti pupae during the wet and dry seasons suggests that dengue and lymphatic filariasis transmission can occur throughout the year, consistent with the reporting of dengue cases. C1 [Burkot, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Waller, Lance] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Schmaedick, Mark A.; Gurr, Neil E.; Marcos, Kenneth] Amer Samoa Community Coll, Land Grant Program, Pago Pago, AS 96799 USA. [Lambdin, Barrot H.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Burkot, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector & Enter Dis, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F42, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM blambdin@u.washington.edu; m.schmaedick@amsamoa.edu; smcclintock@cdc.gov; jmr1@cdc.gov; neilgurr@yahoo.com; kennethmarcos@yahoo.com; lwaller@sph.emory.edu; TBurkot@cdc.gov RI Burkot, Thomas/C-6838-2013; Pileggi, Shannon/L-1320-2016 OI Pileggi, Shannon/0000-0002-7732-4164 FU O.C. Hubert Charitable Trust; Department of Global Environmental Health at Emory University; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R01 ES015525] FX Shannon McClintock is supported by an appointment at the Division of Parasitic Diseases. National Center for Zoonotic Vector-Borne and Enteric Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta. GA, and the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation. Decatur, GA. Lance Waller is supported in part by research grant R01 ES015525 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 81 IS 6 BP 1013 EP 1019 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2009.09-0115 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 531YN UT WOS:000272709600014 PM 19996430 ER PT J AU Shikanga, OT Mutonga, D Abade, M Amwayi, S Ope, M Limo, H Mintz, ED Quick, RE Breiman, RF Feikin, DR AF Shikanga, O-Tipo Mutonga, David Abade, Mohammed Amwayi, Samuel Ope, Maurice Limo, Hillary Mintz, Eric D. Quick, Robert E. Breiman, Robert F. Feikin, Daniel R. TI High Mortality in a Cholera Outbreak in Western Kenya after Post-Election Violence in 2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIC CHOLERA; RISK-FACTORS; TRANSMISSION; AFRICA; WATER; O1 AB In 2008, a cholera outbreak with unusually high mortality Occurred in western Kenya during civil unrest after disputed presidential elections. Through active case finding, we found a 200% increase in fatal cases and a 37% increase ill surviving cases over passively reported cases; the case-fatality ratio increased from 5.5%, to 11.4%. In conditional logistic regression of a matched case-control study of fatal versus non-fatal cholera infection, home antibiotic treatment (odds ratio [OR] 0.049; 95% CI: < 0.001-0.43), hospitalization (OR, 0.066; 95% CI, 0.001-0.54), treatment in government-operated health facilities (OR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.015-0.73), and receiving education about cholera by health workers (OR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.018-0.96) were protective against death. Among 13 hospitalized fatal cases, chart review showed inadequate intravenous and oral hydration and substantial staff and supply shortages at the time of admission. Cholera mortality was under-reported and very high, in part because of factors exacerbated by widespread post-election violence. C1 [Feikin, Daniel R.] KEMRI CDC, Kisumu, Kenya. [Shikanga, O-Tipo; Mutonga, David; Abade, Mohammed; Amwayi, Samuel; Ope, Maurice; Limo, Hillary; Breiman, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Med Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mintz, Eric D.; Quick, Robert E.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Feikin, DR (reprint author), KEMRI CDC, POB 1578, Kisumu, Kenya. EM dfeikin@ke.cdc.gov FU International Emerging Infections Program; Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was funded by core funding from the International Emerging Infections Program and Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 23 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 81 IS 6 BP 1085 EP 1090 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2009.09-0400 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 531YN UT WOS:000272709600025 PM 19996441 ER PT J AU Ravi, V Robinson, JS Russell, BJ Desai, A Ramamurty, N Featherstone, D Johnson, BW AF Ravi, Vasanthapuram Robinson, Jaimie S. Russell, Brandy J. Desai, Anita Ramamurty, Nalini Featherstone, David Johnson, Barbara W. TI Evaluation of IgM Antibody Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kits for Detection of IgM against Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Cerebrospinal Fluid Samples SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; NEUTRALIZATION TESTS; DIAGNOSIS; INFECTIONS; CONSTRUCTION; PARTICLES; SECRETION; RESPONSES; ANTIGENS AB Infection with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a major public health problem in Asia. Detection of JEV-specific IgM in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by the IgM antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MAC-ELISA) is currently the most widely used diagnostic method to detect JEV infection. Because of the possible presence of IgM cross-reactivity with other flaviviruses in serum and the high ratio of inapparent-to-apparent JEV infections, a positive result in serum only suggests a recent infection and not necessarily an encephalitic illness caused by JEV Consequently, detection of JEV-specific IgM in CSF assumes great diagnostic relevance. We evaluated two commercial JEV MAC-ELISA kits using 60 CSF samples obtained from patients with acute encephalitis syndrome. The Panbio and XCyton kits had sensitivities of 65-80% and 95% and specificities of 90% and 97.5%, respectively. Performance information on these commercial JEV MAC-ELISA kits for CSF should assist in laboratory-based JE surveillance programs. C1 [Robinson, Jaimie S.; Russell, Brandy J.; Johnson, Barbara W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Ravi, Vasanthapuram; Desai, Anita] Natl Inst Mental Hlth & Neurosci, Dept Neurovirol, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India. [Ramamurty, Nalini] World Hlth Org SE Asia Reg Off, New Delhi, India. [Featherstone, David] WHO, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Johnson, BW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM bfj9@cdc.gov FU Acute Meningitis-Encephalitis Syndrome Surveillance; CDC Global Disease Detection and Response Initiative FX Testing of samples at DVBID/CDC,vas provided by the Acute Meningitis-Encephalitis Syndrome Surveillance project of the CDC Global Disease Detection and Response Initiative. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 81 IS 6 BP 1144 EP 1150 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2009.09-0144 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 531YN UT WOS:000272709600034 PM 19996450 ER PT J AU Ding, H Wilson, CM Modjarrad, K McGwin, G Tang, JM Vermund, SH AF Ding, Helen Wilson, Craig M. Modjarrad, Kayvon McGwin, Gerald, Jr. Tang, Jianming Vermund, Sten H. TI Predictors of Suboptimal Virologic Response to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Adolescents Analyses of the Reaching for Excellence in Adolescent Care and Health (REACH) Project SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CD4 CELL COUNT; HIV-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-ADULTS; VIRAL LOAD; INITIATING HAART; ADHERENCE; YOUTH; COHORT; PROGRESSION AB Objective: To examine the prevalence and biopsychosocial predictors of suboptimal virologic response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) among human immunodeficiency virus-infected adolescents. Design: Population-based cohort study. Setting: Sixteen academic medical centers across 13 cities in the United States. Participants: One hundred fifty-four human immunodeficiency virus-infected adolescents who presented for at least 2 consecutive visits after initiation of HAART. Main Outcome Measures: Viral load (plasma concentration of human immunodeficiency virus RNA) and CD(4+) lymphocyte count. Results: Of the 154 adolescents enrolled in the study, 50 (32.5%) demonstrated early and sustained virologic suppression while receiving HAART. The remaining 104 adolescents (67.5%) had a poor virologic response. Adequate adherence (>50%)-reported by 70.8% of respondents-was associated with 60% reduced odds of suboptimal virologic suppression in a multivariable logistic regression model (adjusted odds ratio=0.4; 95% confidence interval, 0.2-1.0). Exposure to suboptimal antiretroviral therapy prior to HAART, on the other hand, was associated with more than 2-fold increased odds of suboptimal virologic response (adjusted odds ratio=2.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-5.7). Conclusions: Fully two-thirds of human immunodeficiency virus-infected adolescents in the current study demonstrated a suboptimal virologic response to HAART. Nonadherence and prior single or dual antiretroviral therapy were associated with subsequent poor virologic responses to HAART. These predictors of HAART failure echo findings in pediatric and adult populations. Given the unique developmental stage of adolescence, age-specific interventions are indicated to address high rates of nonadherence and therapeutic failure. C1 [Modjarrad, Kayvon; Vermund, Sten H.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Inst Global Hlth, Dept Med, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Modjarrad, Kayvon; Vermund, Sten H.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Inst Global Hlth, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Ding, Helen] Ginn Grp Inc, E Point, GA USA. [Ding, Helen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Georgia Prevent Res Branch, Div HIV AIDS, Natl Ctr HIV, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ding, Helen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Georgia Prevent Res Branch, Div HIV AIDS, Natl Ctr STD, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ding, Helen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Georgia Prevent Res Branch, Div HIV AIDS, Natl Ctr Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ding, Helen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Georgia Prevent Res Branch, Div HIV AIDS, Natl Ctr TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ding, Helen; Wilson, Craig M.; McGwin, Gerald, Jr.; Tang, Jianming] Univ Alabama, Dept Epidemiol Med & Pediat, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Modjarrad, K (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Inst Global Hlth, Dept Med, 2215 Garland Dr,319 Light Hall, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM kayvon.modjarrad@vanderbilt.edu OI Tang, Jianming/0000-0003-0137-7486; Vermund, Sten/0000-0001-7289-8698 FU National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [U01-HD32842]; National Institute on Drug Abuse; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [P30-AI054999] FX The REACH Project study was funded by grant U01-HD32842 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and the National Institute of Mental Health. The analytic work was supported by the Vanderbilt-Meharry Center for AIDS Research and by grant P30-AI054999 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. NR 46 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 163 IS 12 BP 1100 EP 1105 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 529DF UT WOS:000272495300004 PM 19996046 ER PT J AU Osterman, MJK AF Osterman, Michelle J. K. TI BirthStats: Percentage of Mothers Receiving Epidural/Spinal Anesthesia by Age, Race, and Hispanic Origin of Mother: Total of 18 US Reporting Areas, Singletons Only, 2006 SO BIRTH-ISSUES IN PERINATAL CARE LA English DT Article C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Vital Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Osterman, MJK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Vital Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7659 EI 1523-536X J9 BIRTH-ISS PERINAT C JI Birth-Issue Perinat. Care PD DEC PY 2009 VL 36 IS 4 BP 340 EP 341 PG 2 WC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 522BO UT WOS:000271972900010 PM 20002427 ER PT J AU Rainey, JJ Bhatnagar, P Estivariz, CF Durrani, S Galway, M Sandhu, H Bahl, S Jafari, H Wenger, J AF Rainey, J. J. Bhatnagar, P. Estivariz, C. F. Durrani, S. Galway, M. Sandhu, H. Bahl, S. Jafari, H. Wenger, J. TI Providing monovalent oral polio vaccine type 1 to newborns: findings from a pilot birth-dose project in Moradabad district, India SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION LA English DT Article ID POLIOMYELITIS VACCINE; IMMUNIZATION; EFFICACY; SABIN AB Problem Poliovirus transmission remained a public health challenge in western Uttar Pradesh, India in late 2005 and early 2006. In 2006, the India Expert Advisory Group for Polio Eradication concluded that, given the peak incidence of polio among children 6 to 12 months of age, a targeted birth dose of oral polio vaccine may be necessary to interrupt intense poliovirus transmission in high risk areas. Approach The Government of Uttar Pradesh, the National Polio Surveillance Project and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) implemented a pilot birth-dose project aimed at identifying and vaccinating all newborns with a dose of oral polio vaccine within 72 hours of birth in an effort to evaluate operational feasibility and potential impact on population immunity. Local setting The project was piloted in Moradabad district: zone 7 in Moradabad City (urban setting), Kunderki block (rural setting) and in select birthing hospitals. Relevant changes Between July 2006 and February 2007, 9740 newborns were identified, of which 6369 (65%) were vaccinated by project personnel within 72 hours of birth. Project coverage (for total newborns vaccinated) ranged from 39% (in zone 7) to 76% (in Kunderki block) of the estimated number of newborns vaccinated during previous supplemental immunization activities. Lessons learned Birth-dose coverage among newborns was lower than expected. Expansion costs were estimated to be high, with marginal impact. The project, however, provided opportunities to strengthen newborn tracking systems which have increased the number of newborns and young infants vaccinated during supplemental immunization activities and enrolled in routine programmes. C1 [Rainey, J. J.; Estivariz, C. F.; Sandhu, H.; Jafari, H.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bhatnagar, P.; Durrani, S.; Bahl, S.; Wenger, J.] Natl Polio Surveillance Project, New Delhi, India. [Galway, M.] UNICEF, New Delhi, India. RP Rainey, JJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,MIS E-05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jkr7@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI GENEVA 27 PA MARKETING AND DISSEMINATION, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9686 J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN JI Bull. World Health Organ. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 87 IS 12 BP 955 EP 959 DI 10.2471/BLT.08.061556 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 532HQ UT WOS:000272738200014 PM 20454487 ER PT J AU Murray, CK Holmes, RL Ellis, MW Mende, K Wolf, SE McDougal, LK Guymon, CH Hospenthal, DR AF Murray, Clinton K. Holmes, Robert L. Ellis, Michael W. Mende, Katrin Wolf, Steven E. McDougal, Linda K. Guymon, Charles H. Hospenthal, Duane R. TI Twenty-five year epidemiology of invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates recovered at a burn center SO BURNS LA English DT Article DE Burn center; Epidemiology; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Antimicrobial susceptibility ID PANTON-VALENTINE LEUCOCIDIN; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; WOUND INFECTIONS; USA300; CLONE; UNIT; VANCOMYCIN; EVOLUTION; STRAINS; HISTORY AB Over the past two decades, an epidemiologic emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections has occurred from that of primarily hospital-associated to community-associated. This emergence change has involved MRSA of different pulsed-field types (PFT), with different virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance patterns. in this study we, evaluate the changes in PFT and antimicrobial resistance epidemiology of invasive MRSA isolates over 25 years at a single burn unit. Isolates were tested by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), broth microdilution antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and PCR for the virulence factors Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) and arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME), and the resistance marker staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec). Forty isolates were screened, revealing stable vancomycin susceptibility MIC without changes over time but decreasing susceptibility to clindamycin and ciprofloxacin. The majority of PFGE types were MRSA USA800 carrying the SCCmec I element and USA100 carrying the SCCmec II element. No strains typically associated with community-associated MRSA, USA300 or USA400, were found. USA800 isolates were predominately found in the 1980s, USA600 isolates were primarily found in the 1990s, and USA100 isolates were found in the 2000s. The PVL gene was present in only one isolate, the sole USA500 isolate, from 1987. The virulence marker ACME was not detected in any of the isolates. Overall, a transition was found in hospital-associated MRSA isolates over the 25 years, but no introduction of community-associated MRSA isolates into this burn unit. Continued active surveillance and aggressive infection control strategies are recommended to prevent the spread of community-acquired MRSA to this burn unit. Published by Elsevier Ltd and ISBI C1 [Murray, Clinton K.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Murray, Clinton K.; Ellis, Michael W.; Hospenthal, Duane R.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Holmes, Robert L.] Keesler Med Ctr, Biloxi, MS USA. [Mende, Katrin] Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD USA. [Wolf, Steven E.; Guymon, Charles H.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [McDougal, Linda K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Clinton.Murray@amedd.army.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; OI Wolf, Steven/0000-0003-2972-3440 NR 28 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0305-4179 J9 BURNS JI Burns PD DEC PY 2009 VL 35 IS 8 BP 1112 EP 1117 DI 10.1016/j.burns.2009.02.013 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery GA 526UY UT WOS:000272321400008 PM 19477601 ER PT J AU Muscat, JE Stellman, SD Caraballo, RS Richie, JP AF Muscat, Joshua E. Stellman, Steven D. Caraballo, Ralph S. Richie, John P., Jr. TI Time to First Cigarette after Waking Predicts Cotinine Levels SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID NICOTINE DEPENDENCE; URINARY CREATININE; SMOKING-CESSATION; LUNG-CANCER; SMOKERS; POPULATION; CONSUMPTION; EXPOSURE; COMPENSATION; DETERMINANTS AB There is wide variability in cotinine levels per cigarette smoked. We hypothesized that in addition to smoking frequency, other behavioral measures of nicotine dependence, such as the time to first cigarette after waking, are associated with cotinine levels. To test this hypothesis, we measured plasma and urinary cotinine in a community-based study of 252 black and white daily cigarette smokers. Among one pack per day smokers, plasma cotinine levels varied from 16 to 1,180 ng/mL, a 74-fold difference. Two nicotine dependence phenotypes were discerned by time after waking. Subjects in the "low" dependent phenotype smoked >30 minutes after waking and nearly all smoked <= 20 cigarettes per day. Cotinine levels increased linearly with cigarette consumption in this group. Subjects in the "high" dependent phenotype smoked <= 30 minutes after waking but had a wide range in the frequency of daily cigarettes (6-70). Compared with the low dependent phenotype, there were relatively small differences in cotinine by cigarette frequency with evidence of a plateau effect in heavy smokers (similar to 30). After adjusting for cigarette frequency, the levels of cotinine by time to first cigarette were as follows: <= 5 minutes, 437 [95% confidence limits (CL), 380-494]; 6 to 30 minutes, 352 (95% CL, 291-413), 31 to 60 minutes, 229 (95% CL, 140-317), and >60 minutes, 215 (95% CL, 110-321). Similar findings were observed for urinary cotinine. These findings suggest that the time to first cigarette is a strong predictor of nicotine uptake and should be considered in the design of smoking interventions. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(12):3415-20) C1 [Muscat, Joshua E.; Richie, John P., Jr.] Penn State Coll Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Stellman, Steven D.] Columbia Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Caraballo, Ralph S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Muscat, JE (reprint author), Penn State Coll Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Room T3431,CH69,500 Univ Dr, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. EM jmuscat@psu.edu FU National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, USPHS [CA68384, CA17613, CA104231] FX Grant support. National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, USPHS grants CA68384, CA17613, and CA104231. NR 41 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 18 IS 12 BP 3415 EP 3420 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0737 PG 6 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 529LX UT WOS:000272519800021 PM 19959690 ER PT J AU Menzies, SL Kadwad, V Pawloski, LC Lin, TL Baughman, AL Martin, M Tondella, MLC Meade, BD AF Menzies, Sandra L. Kadwad, Vijay Pawloski, Lucia C. Lin, Tsai-Lien Baughman, Andrew L. Martin, Monte Tondella, Maria Lucia C. Meade, Bruce D. CA Pertussis Assay Working Grp TI Development and Analytical Validation of an Immunoassay for Quantifying Serum Anti-Pertussis Toxin Antibodies Resulting from Bordetella pertussis Infection SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAYS; EUROPEAN-SEROEPIDEMIOLOGY-NETWORK; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G ANTIBODIES; UNITED-STATES; DIAGNOSIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ADULTS; STANDARDIZATION; ADOLESCENTS; VACCINE AB Adequately sensitive and specific methods to diagnose pertussis in adolescents and adults are not widely available. Currently, no Food and Drug Administration-approved diagnostic assays are available for the serodiagnosis of Bordetella pertussis. Since concentrations of B. pertussis-specific antibodies tend to be high during the later phases of disease, a simple, rapid, easily transferable serodiagnostic test was developed. This article describes test development, initial evaluation of a prototype kit enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) in an interlaboratory collaborative study, and analytical validation. The data presented here demonstrate that the kit met all prespecified criteria for precision, linearity, and accuracy for samples with anti-pertussis toxin ( PT) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody concentrations in the range of 50 to 150 ELISA units (EU)/ml, the range believed to be most relevant for serodiagnosis. The assay met the precision and linearity criteria for a wider range, namely, from 50 to 200 EU/ml; however, the accuracy criterion was not met at 200 EU/ml. When the newly adopted World Health Organization International Standard for pertussis antiserum ( human) reference reagent was used to evaluate accuracy, the accuracy criteria were met from 50 to 200 international units/ml. In conclusion, the IgG anti-PT ELISA met all assay validation parameters within the range considered most relevant for serodiagnosis. This ELISA was developed and analytically validated as a user-friendly kit that can be used in both qualitative and quantitative formats. The technology for producing the kit is transferable to public health laboratories. C1 [Menzies, Sandra L.] US FDA, CBER, DBPAP, OVRR, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Pawloski, Lucia C.; Baughman, Andrew L.; Martin, Monte; Tondella, Maria Lucia C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lin, Tsai-Lien] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Div Biostat, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Kadwad, Vijay] BRIT, Immunoassay Dept, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Meade, Bruce D.] Meade Biol LLC, Hillsborough, NC USA. RP Menzies, SL (reprint author), US FDA, CBER, DBPAP, OVRR, 1401 Rockville Pike,HFM 422, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM Sandra.Menzies@fda.hhs.gov FU CDC; FDA/CBER FX This project was funded in part by an interagency agreement between the CDC and the FDA/CBER. NR 38 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 16 IS 12 BP 1781 EP 1788 DI 10.1128/CVI.00248-09 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 524QG UT WOS:000272157200009 PM 19864485 ER PT J AU Adam, BW Lim, TH Hall, EM Hannon, WH AF Adam, Barbara W. Lim, Timothy H. Hall, Elizabeth M. Hannon, W. Harry TI Preliminary Proficiency Testing Results for Succinylacetone in Dried Blood Spots for Newborn Screening for Tyrosinemia Type I SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HEPATORENAL TYROSINEMIA; HEREDITARY TYROSINEMIA; DIAGNOSIS; MS/MS AB BACKGROUND: Succinylacetone (SUAC) is the primary metabolite accumulated in tyrosinemia type I-an inborn error of metabolism that, if untreated, can cause death from liver failure during the first months of life. Newborn screening laboratories measure SUAC in dried blood spot (DBS) samples to detect asymptomatic tyrosinemia type I. We used panels of SUAC-enriched DBSs to compare and evaluate the performance of these screening tests. METHODS: We prepared sets of DBS materials enriched with predetermined SUAC concentrations and distributed samples of these materials, along with a screening practices questionnaire, to laboratories that perform SUAC tests. We compared their reported SUAC concentrations and questionnaire responses to identify screening practices that affect SUAC test outcomes. RESULTS: Data from 2 pilot surveys showed large differences among laboratories in SUAC recoveries, reproducible within-laboratory recoveries, and stable performance of the DBS materials. Results from 257 proficiency test analyses contained a total of 6 false-negative misclassifications. Reported recoveries of added SUAC ranged from 0 to >200%. Low-biased SUAC recoveries were associated with I method used by 5 laboratories. All laboratories that reported SUAC recoveries >= 100% used DBS matrix calibrators. CONCLUSIONS: The wide ranges of SUAC concentrations reported for pilot and proficiency testing specimens demonstrate a need to harmonize quantitative results among laboratories. Although DBS matrix calibrators are important for optimizing SUAC recoveries, the preparation of these calibrators is not standardized among laboratories. Certified DBSbased SUAC calibrators are needed for accuracy and harmonization. (C) 2009 American Association for Clinical Chemistry C1 [Adam, Barbara W.; Lim, Timothy H.; Hannon, W. Harry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening Qual Assurance Program, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hall, Elizabeth M.] Battelle Ctr Publ Hlth Res & Evaluat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Adam, BW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening Qual Assurance Program, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-43, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM bwa1@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 55 IS 12 BP 2207 EP 2213 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2009.133819 PG 7 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 529LP UT WOS:000272518500022 PM 19850631 ER PT J AU Bern, C Verastegui, M Gilman, RH LaFuente, C Galdos-Cardenas, G Calderon, M Pacori, J Abastoflor, MD Aparicio, H Brady, MF Ferrufino, L Angulo, N Marcus, S Sterling, C Maguire, JH AF Bern, Caryn Verastegui, Manuela Gilman, Robert H. LaFuente, Carlos Galdos-Cardenas, Gerson Calderon, Maritza Pacori, Juan del Carmen Abastoflor, Maria Aparicio, Hugo Brady, Mark F. Ferrufino, Lisbeth Angulo, Noelia Marcus, Sarah Sterling, Charles Maguire, James H. CA Chagas Dis Working Grp Peru Bolivi TI Congenital Trypanosoma cruzi Transmission in Santa Cruz, Bolivia SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; EXCRETED-SECRETED ANTIGENS; CHRONIC CHAGAS-DISEASE; BLOOD-SAMPLES; ENDEMIC AREA; INFECTION; ARGENTINA; DIAGNOSIS; ASSAY; SERODIAGNOSIS AB Background. We conducted a study of congenital Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. Our objective was to apply new tools to identify weak points in current screening algorithms, and find ways to improve them. Methods. Women presenting for delivery were screened by rapid and conventional serological tests. For infants of infected mothers, blood specimens obtained on days 0, 7, 21, 30, 90, 180, and 270 were concentrated and examined microscopically; serological tests were performed for the day 90, 180, and 270 specimens. Maternal and infant specimens, including umbilical tissue, were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the kinetoplast minicircle and by quantitative PCR. Results. Of 530 women, 154 (29%) were seropositive. Ten infants had congenital T. cruzi infection. Only 4 infants had positive results of microscopy evaluation in the first month, and none had positive cord blood microscopy results. PCR results were positive for 6 (67%) of 9 cord blood and 7 (87.5%) of 8 umbilical tissue specimens. PCR-positive women were more likely to transmit T. cruzi than were seropositive women with negative PCR results (P < .05). Parasite loads determined by quantitative PCR were higher for mothers of infected infants than for seropositive mothers of uninfected infants (P < .01). Despite intensive efforts, only 58% of at-risk infants had a month 9 specimen collected. Conclusions. On the basis of the low sensitivity of microscopy in cord blood and high rate of loss to follow-up, we estimate that current screening programs miss one-half of all infected infants. Molecular techniques may improve early detection. C1 [Bern, Caryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Gilman, Robert H.; Galdos-Cardenas, Gerson] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Maguire, James H.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Sterling, Charles] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Verastegui, Manuela; Gilman, Robert H.; Calderon, Maritza; Pacori, Juan; Angulo, Noelia; Marcus, Sarah] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. [Aparicio, Hugo; Brady, Mark F.] Asociac Benef Proyectos Informat Salud Med & Agr, Lima, Peru. [LaFuente, Carlos; del Carmen Abastoflor, Maria; Ferrufino, Lisbeth] Hosp Univ Japones, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. RP Bern, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, MS F-22,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM CBern@cdc.gov OI Marcus, Sarah/0000-0002-3795-0806; Aparicio, Hugo/0000-0001-8584-1455 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [1R21 AI072093-01, R24TW007988, 5 T35 AI065385, D43 TW006581]; Swiss foundation FX National Institutes of Health (NIH; 1R21 AI072093-01, NIH Fogarty Scholars Program R24TW007988, NIH Training Grant in Infectious and Tropical Diseases #5 T35 AI065385, and NIH Global Research Training Grant D43 TW006581) and a private Swiss foundation. NR 45 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 2 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 11 BP 1667 EP 1674 DI 10.1086/648070 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 515XC UT WOS:000271505200007 PM 19877966 ER PT J AU Luby, SP Gurley, ES Hossain, MJ AF Luby, Stephen P. Gurley, Emily S. Hossain, M. Jahangir TI Transmission of Human Infection with Nipah Virus SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TO-PERSON TRANSMISSION; FLYING-FOXES; RISK-FACTORS; BANGLADESH; MALAYSIA; ENCEPHALITIS; OUTBREAK; HENIPAVIRUS; BATS; PARAMYXOVIRUS AB Nipah virus (NiV) is a paramyxovirus whose reservoir host is fruit bats of the genus Pteropus. Occasionally the virus is introduced into human populations and causes severe illness characterized by encephalitis or respiratory disease. The first outbreak of NiV was recognized in Malaysia, but 8 outbreaks have been reported from Bangladesh since 2001. The primary pathways of transmission from bats to people in Bangladesh are through contamination of raw date palm sap by bats with subsequent consumption by humans and through infection of domestic animals ( cattle, pigs, and goats), presumably from consumption of food contaminated with bat saliva or urine with subsequent transmission to people. Approximately one-half of recognized Nipah case patients in Bangladesh developed their disease following person-to-person transmission of the virus. Efforts to prevent transmission should focus on decreasing bat access to date palm sap and reducing family members' and friends' exposure to infected patients' saliva. C1 [Luby, Stephen P.; Gurley, Emily S.; Hossain, M. Jahangir] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. [Luby, Stephen P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emerging Infect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Luby, Stephen P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Luby, SP (reprint author), Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. EM sluby@icddrb.org RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010 OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; US National Institutes of Health Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases; International Collaborations in Infectious Disease Opportunity Pool; government of Bangladesh through the Improved Health for the Poor: Health, Nutrition and Population Research Project [MOHFW/HEALTH/AC-5/HNPR/ICDD,B/30/2003] FX The investigations of human epidemiology of NiV infection in Bangladesh was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the US National Institutes of Health Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, International Collaborations in Infectious Disease Opportunity Pool, and the government of Bangladesh through the Improved Health for the Poor: Health, Nutrition and Population Research Project ( grant MOHFW/HEALTH/AC-5/HNPR/ICDD,B/30/2003). The International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh, acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and the government of Bangladesh to the centre's research efforts. NR 44 TC 123 Z9 124 U1 2 U2 31 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 11 BP 1743 EP 1748 DI 10.1086/647951 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 515XC UT WOS:000271505200021 PM 19886791 ER PT J AU Burwell, LA Park, BJ Wannemuehler, KA Kendig, N Pelton, J Chaput, E Jinadu, BA Emery, K Chavez, G Fridkin, SK AF Burwell, Lauren A. Park, Benjamin J. Wannemuehler, Kathleen A. Kendig, Newton Pelton, James Chaput, Emma Jinadu, Babatunde A. Emery, Kirt Chavez, Gil Fridkin, Scott K. TI Outcomes among Inmates Treated for Coccidioidomycosis at a Correctional Institution during a Community Outbreak, Kern County, California, 2004 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMITIS-ENDEMIC AREA; PULMONARY COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS; POSACONAZOLE THERAPY AB Background. Treatment of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis is typically limited to patients with severe disease or those with increased risk of dissemination. In response to an increase of coccidioidomycosis at a correctional institution in an endemic area, physicians initiated an enhanced diagnosis and treatment program. Methods. Case patients were inmates with laboratory-confirmed coccidioidomycosis during January 1, 2003, through October 31, 2004. We abstracted medical record data, including demographics, IgG complement fixation (CF) titers, treatment, and clinical outcome for initial and follow-up visits. Case patients receiving antifungal treatment were categorized into early (<= 4 weeks from symptom onset) and late treatment groups (>4 weeks after symptom onset). We evaluated clinical outcome, median IgG CF titer, and time to clinical improvement. Results. Eighty-seven persons were diagnosed with coccidioidomycosis; 79 (91%) records were available. Median age was 36 years (range, 21-71 years), 34 (43%) were black, and all were male. Median time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 3 weeks (range, <1-36 weeks). Most (95%) received antifungal therapy; 32 were in the early treatment and 43 were in the late treatment group. Good clinical outcome was equally likely. In both groups, median peak IgG CF titers were 1: 64. Titers in patients with early treatment did not decrease more rapidly. Median time to improvement was similar in early and late treatment groups (7 and 6 months, respectively; P =. 6). Conclusions. Persons incarcerated in endemic areas constitute a susceptible population that should be considered at risk for coccidioidomycosis. Further studies are needed to identify populations that may benefit from early antifungal treatment for pulmonary coccidioidomycosis. C1 [Burwell, Lauren A.; Park, Benjamin J.; Wannemuehler, Kathleen A.; Fridkin, Scott K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Burwell, Lauren A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kendig, Newton; Pelton, James] Fed Bur Prisons, Washington, DC USA. [Chaput, Emma; Jinadu, Babatunde A.; Emery, Kirt] Kern Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Bakersfield, CA USA. [Chavez, Gil] Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Oakland, CA USA. RP Park, BJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bip5@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 11 BP E113 EP E119 DI 10.1086/648119 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 515XC UT WOS:000271505200032 PM 19886797 ER PT J AU Eremeeva, ME Karpathy, SE Levin, ML Caballero, CM Bermudez, S Dasch, GA Motta, JA AF Eremeeva, M. E. Karpathy, S. E. Levin, M. L. Caballero, C. M. Bermudez, S. Dasch, G. A. Motta, J. A. TI Spotted fever rickettsiae, Ehrlichia and Anaplasma, in ticks from peridomestic environments in Panama SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Eremeeva, M. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Caballero, C. M.] Ctr Conservac Anfibios El Valle, El Valle De Anton, Panama. [Bermudez, S.; Motta, J. A.] Inst Conmemorat Gorgas Estudios Salud, Panama City, FL USA. RP Eremeeva, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Mail Stop G-13,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM meremeeva@cdc.gov FU The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) FX We thank Rebecca Calvo, Lauren Robinson, Ashley Williams and Maria Zambrano for laboratory assistance, and Kim Slater for assistance with ABI 3100 Sequencer. Sandor Karpathy was supported by The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). NR 5 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1198-743X J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 15 SU 2 BP 12 EP 14 DI 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02638.x PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 533ZK UT WOS:000272864900007 PM 19456809 ER PT J AU Pierce, KA Paddock, CD Sumner, JW Nicholson, WL AF Pierce, K. A. Paddock, C. D. Sumner, J. W. Nicholson, W. L. TI Pathogen prevalence and blood meal identification in Amblyomma ticks as a means of reservoir host determination for ehrlichial pathogens SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID CHAFFEENSIS C1 [Paddock, C. D.; Sumner, J. W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kpierce@mail.utexa5.edu NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1198-743X J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 15 SU 2 BP 37 EP 38 DI 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02166.x PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 533ZK UT WOS:000272864900018 PM 19793129 ER PT J AU Karpathy, SE Hayes, EK Williams, AM Hu, R Krueger, L Bennett, S Tilzer, A Velten, RK Kerr, N Moore, W Eremeeva, ME AF Karpathy, S. E. Hayes, E. K. Williams, A. M. Hu, R. Krueger, L. Bennett, S. Tilzer, A. Velten, R. K. Kerr, N. Moore, W. Eremeeva, M. E. TI Detection of Rickettsia felis and Rickettsia typhi in an area of California endemic for murine typhus SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID INFECTION; FLEAS C1 [Karpathy, S. E.; Hayes, E. K.; Williams, A. M.; Eremeeva, M. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hu, R.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Vector Borne Dis Sect, Ontario, CA USA. [Krueger, L.; Bennett, S.; Tilzer, A.; Velten, R. K.] Orange Cty Vector Control Dist, Garden Grove, CA USA. [Kerr, N.] Long Beach Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Vector Management Program, Long Beach, CA USA. [Moore, W.] Long Beach Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Anim Control Div, Long Beach, CA USA. RP Eremeeva, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Mail Stop G-13,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM meremeeva@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX We wish to thank K. McCaustland for advice concerning primer and probe design, and G. Dasch for thoughtful discussions. This research was supported in part by an appointment of S. Karpathy to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and CDC. NR 5 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1198-743X J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 15 SU 2 BP 218 EP 219 DI 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02140.x PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 533ZK UT WOS:000272864900101 PM 19374645 ER PT J AU Nicholson, WL Masters, E Wormser, GP AF Nicholson, W. L. Masters, E. Wormser, G. P. TI Preliminary serologic investigation of 'Rickettsia amblyommii' in the aetiology of Southern tick associated rash illness (STARI) SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID ERYTHEMA MIGRANS; BITE C1 [Nicholson, W. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dis Assessment Team, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wormser, G. P.] New York Med Coll, Div Infect Dis, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. RP Nicholson, WL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dis Assessment Team, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Mail Stop G-13,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wnicholson@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1198-743X J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 15 SU 2 BP 235 EP 236 DI 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02155.x PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 533ZK UT WOS:000272864900108 PM 19456820 ER PT J AU Levin, ML Killmaster, L Eremeeva, ME Dasch, GA AF Levin, M. L. Killmaster, L. Eremeeva, M. E. Dasch, G. A. TI Effects of Rickettsia conorii infection on the survival of Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID SPOTTED-FEVER C1 [Levin, M. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Levin, ML (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Mail Stop G-13,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MLevin@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) FX We thank Danielle R. Troughton and Galina E. Zemtsova for laboratory assistance. D. R. Troughton was supported by The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE).; The findings and conclusions described in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Department of Health and Human Services. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1198-743X J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 15 SU 2 BP 277 EP 278 DI 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02234.x PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 533ZK UT WOS:000272864900129 PM 19298397 ER PT J AU Brouqui, P Vayssier, M Paddock, C Samuel, J AF Brouqui, P. Vayssier, M. Paddock, C. Samuel, J. TI Preface SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Brouqui, P.] Univ Aix Marseille 2, Fac Med, URMITE CNRS IRD UMR 6236, Unite Rickettsies, Marseille, France. [Vayssier, M.] UMR INRA AFSSA ENVA, Biol Mol & Immunol Parasitaires & Fongiques, Maisons Alfort, France. [Paddock, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Samuel, J.] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. RP Brouqui, P (reprint author), Univ Aix Marseille 2, Fac Med, URMITE CNRS IRD UMR 6236, Unite Rickettsies, Marseille, France. EM philippe.brouqui@univmed.fr RI Brouqui, Philippe/P-5771-2016 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1198-743X EI 1469-0691 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 15 SU 2 DI 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.03128.x PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 533ZK UT WOS:000272864900001 PM 20584159 ER PT J AU Hoerger, TJ Zhang, P Segel, JE Gregg, EW Narayan, KMV Hicks, KA AF Hoerger, Thomas J. Zhang, Ping Segel, Joel E. Gregg, Edward W. Narayan, K. M. Venkat Hicks, Katherine A. TI Improvements in risk factor control among persons with diabetes in the United States: Evidence and implications for remaining life expectancy SO DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Chronic disease; Diabetes; Risk factors; Modeling ID GLYCEMIC CONTROL; US ADULTS; TYPE-2; MELLITUS; THERAPY; DISEASE; ENGINE; PEOPLE; TRENDS AB Aims: To examine whether A1c, blood pressure, and cholesterol values changed for U.S. adults with diagnosed diabetes between 1988-1994 and 2005-2006. We then project the impact of these changes on life expectancy and diabetes-related complications. Methods: We estimated changes in hemoglobin A1c, blood pressure, and total cholesterol between 1988-1994 and 2005-2006 using regression analysis and data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. we projected the potential effects on life expectancy and complications using the CDC-RTI Diabetes Cost-Effectiveness Model. Results: A1c fell by 0.68 percentage points (P = 0.001) among U.S. adults with diagnosed diabetes. Among those with diabetes and hypertension, systolic and diastolic blood pressure fell by 5.66 and 8.15 mmHg, respectively (P = 0.005 and P = 0.001). Among those with diabetes and high cholesterol, total cholesterol fell by 36.41 mg/dL(P = 0.001). These improvements were projected to increase life expectancy for persons with newly diagnosed diabetes by 1.0 year. Conclusions: Risk factor control has improved in the United States. Persons newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in 2005 have a better prognosis than persons diagnosed with diabetes 11 years earlier. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hoerger, Thomas J.] RTI Int, RTI UNC Ctr Excellence Hlth Promot Econ, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Zhang, Ping; Gregg, Edward W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Narayan, K. M. Venkat] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Hoerger, TJ (reprint author), RTI Int, RTI UNC Ctr Excellence Hlth Promot Econ, 3040 Cornwallis Rd,POB 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM tjh@rti.org RI Narayan, K.M. Venkat /J-9819-2012 OI Narayan, K.M. Venkat /0000-0001-8621-5405 FU CDC [200-2002-00776] FX This research was supported by funding (Contract # 200-2002-00776) from CDC, which supported the study's design and implementation. The findings and conclusions in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official position of CDC. Steven Couper provided research assistance. NR 29 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-8227 J9 DIABETES RES CLIN PR JI Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 86 IS 3 BP 225 EP 232 DI 10.1016/j.diabres.2009.09.017 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 529MQ UT WOS:000272521800011 PM 19833403 ER PT J AU Thurman, KA Cowart, KC Winchell, JM AF Thurman, Kathleen A. Cowart, Kelley C. Winchell, Jonas M. TI Comparison of nucleic acid extraction methods for the detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Nucleic acid extraction; Community-acquired pneumonia ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; OUTBREAK AB Four nucleic acid extraction procedures (2 automated and 2 manual) were compared for their efficiency at isolating Mycoplasma pneumoniae DNA. Oropharyngeal swabs from healthy volunteers were spiked with varying amounts of M. pneumoniae, extracted, and tested using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Our data indicate that both automated extraction methods consistently outperform the manual procedures. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Thurman, Kathleen A.; Cowart, Kelley C.; Winchell, Jonas M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Winchell, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jwinchell@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 65 IS 4 BP 435 EP 438 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2009.08.001 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 523YY UT WOS:000272112200012 PM 19766433 ER PT J AU Sullivent, E Sasser, S Hunt, R AF Sullivent, Ernest Sasser, Scott Hunt, Richard TI Preparing for the Inevitable: Terrorists' Use of Explosives SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Editorial Material ID BOMBINGS; INJURY C1 [Sullivent, Ernest; Sasser, Scott; Hunt, Richard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Sullivent, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM esullivent@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 3 IS 4 BP 189 EP 190 DI 10.1097/DMP.0b013e3181c65d8d PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 554ND UT WOS:000274440800002 PM 20081413 ER PT J AU Kinlaw, K Barrett, DH Levine, RJ AF Kinlaw, Kathy Barrett, Drue H. Levine, Robert J. TI Ethical Guidelines in Pandemic Influenza: Recommendations of the Ethics Subcommittee of the Advisory Committee of the Director, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE ethics; guidelines; pandemic; influenza ID STRATEGIES; LAW AB Because of the importance of including ethical considerations in planning efforts for pandemic influenza, in February 2005 the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention requested that the Ethics Subcommittee of the Advisory Committee to the Director develop guidance that would serve as a foundation for decision making in preparing for and responding to pandemic influenza Specifically, the ethics subcommittee was asked to make recommendations regarding ethical considerations relevant to decision making about vaccine and antiviral drug distribution prioritization and development of interventions that Would limit individual freedom and create social distancing The ethics subcommittee identified a number of general ethical considerations including identification of clear goals for pandemic planning: responsibility to maximize preparedness, transparency and public engagement, sound science, commitment to the global community, balancing individual liberty and community interests, diversity in ethical decision making, and commitment to justice. These general ethical considerations are applied to the issues of vaccine and antiviral drug distribution and use of community mitigation interventions (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness 2009,3(Suppl 2) S185-S192) C1 [Kinlaw, Kathy] Emory Univ, Ctr Eth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Barrett, Drue H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Chief Sci Officer, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Barrett, DH (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop D-50, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 3 SU 2 BP S185 EP S192 DI 10.1097/DMP.0b013e3181ac194f PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 554NC UT WOS:000274440700017 PM 19675459 ER PT J AU Tropper, J Shimabukuro, T Sapkota, S Williams, W Williams, CE Stanley, T Andujar, U Gallagher, T Han-Lee, L Hill, H AF Tropper, Jeanne Shimabukuro, Tom Sapkota, Sanjeeb Williams, Warren Williams, Charles E. Stanley, Toscha Andujar, Ulrica Gallagher, Tricia Han-Lee, Leslie Hill, Howard TI CDC's Countermeasure and Response Administration System for Monitoring H1N1 Vaccine Doses Administered SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article C1 [Tropper, Jeanne; Shimabukuro, Tom; Sapkota, Sanjeeb; Williams, Warren; Stanley, Toscha] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. [Gallagher, Tricia] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Sapkota, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 2400 Century Pkwy, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 3 SU 2 BP S107 EP S108 DI 10.1097/DMP.0b013e3181c65fa9 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 554NC UT WOS:000274440700005 PM 19952882 ER PT J AU Turmelle, AS Olival, KJ AF Turmelle, Amy S. Olival, Kevin J. TI Correlates of Viral Richness in Bats (Order Chiroptera) SO ECOHEALTH LA English DT Article DE Chiroptera; emerging infectious disease; IUCN; population structure; sampling effort; viral richness ID POPULATION GENETIC-STRUCTURE; HOST-PARASITE INTERACTIONS; MYOTIS-MYOTIS CHIROPTERA; ST-LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS; COMMON VAMPIRE BAT; EGYPTIAN FRUIT BAT; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; VIRUS-INFECTION; RABIES-VIRUS; ROUSETTUS-AEGYPTIACUS AB Historic and contemporary host ecology and evolutionary dynamics have profound impacts on viral diversity, virulence, and associated disease emergence. Bats have been recognized as reservoirs for several emerging viral pathogens, and are unique among mammals in their vagility, potential for long-distance dispersal, and often very large, colonial populations. We investigate the relative influences of host ecology and population genetic structure for predictions of viral richness in relevant reservoir species. We test the hypothesis that host geographic range area, distribution, population genetic structure, migratory behavior, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) threat status, body mass, and colony size, are associated with known viral richness in bats. We analyze host traits and viral richness in a generalized linear regression model framework, and include a correction for sampling effort and phylogeny. We find evidence that sampling effort, IUCN status, and population genetic structure correlate with observed viral species richness in bats, and that these associations are independent of phylogeny. This study is an important first step in understanding the mechanisms that promote viral richness in reservoir species, and may aid in predicting the emergence of viral zoonoses from bats. C1 [Turmelle, Amy S.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Olival, Kevin J.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Sackler Inst Comparat Genom, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Turmelle, Amy S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Olival, Kevin J.] Wildlife Trust, New York, NY 10001 USA. RP Turmelle, AS (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM ATurmelle@cdc.gov FU NIH/NSF [R01-TW05869, 0430418]; US Environmental Protection Agency Science-To-Achieve-Results (STAR) FX The authors thank the International Society of Biogeography, S. Scheiner, and K. Smith, for organizing and supporting the Biogeography of Disease Symposium and its participants. This research was supported in part by two NIH/NSF "Ecology of Infectious Diseases'' awards (R01-TW05869 and 0430418). AST thanks G. McCracken, the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the University of Tennessee, and the Rabies Team at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. KJO thanks the Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology at Columbia University and the Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics at the American Museum of Natural History. AST and KJO were supported by US Environmental Protection Agency Science-To-Achieve-Results (STAR) fellowships. The authors also thank D. Streicker, B. Fitzpatrick, and J. Fordyce for statistical advice, and two anonymous reviewers for comments that improved this manuscript. The ideas presented in this study are those of the authors only, and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agency or institutions. NR 212 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 4 U2 39 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1612-9202 J9 ECOHEALTH JI EcoHealth PD DEC PY 2009 VL 6 IS 4 BP 522 EP 539 DI 10.1007/s10393-009-0263-8 PG 18 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 627VM UT WOS:000280071700006 PM 20049506 ER PT J AU John, CC Riedesel, MA Magak, NG Lindblade, KA Menge, DM Hodges, JS Vulule, JM Akhwale, W AF John, Chandy C. Riedesel, Melissa A. Magak, Ng'wena G. Lindblade, Kim A. Menge, David M. Hodges, James S. Vulule, John M. Akhwale, Willis TI Possible Interruption of Malaria Transmission, Highland Kenya, 2007-2008 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM GAMETOCYTES; WESTERN KENYA; FOLLOW-UP; IMPACT; NETS; AREA; INDIVIDUALS; ERADICATION; PREVALENCE AB Highland areas where malaria transmission is unstable are targets for malaria elimination because transmission decreases to low levels during the dry season. In highland areas of Kipsamoite and Kapsisiywa, Kenya (population approximate to 7,400 persons), annual household indoor residual spraying with a synthetic pyrethroid was performed starting in 2005, and artemether/lumefantrine was implemented as first-line malaria treatment in October 2006. During April 2007-March 2008, no microscopy-confirmed cases of malaria occurred at the sites. In 4 assessments of asymptomatic persons during May 2007-April 2008, a total of <0.3% of persons were positive for asexual Plasmodium falciparum by microscopy or PCR at any time, and none were positive by PCR at the last 2 sample collections. Our findings show that in such areas, interruption and eventual elimination of malaria transmission may be achievable with widespread annual indoor residual spraying of households and artemisinin combination therapy. C1 [John, Chandy C.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Global Pediat Program, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Magak, Ng'wena G.] Moi Univ, Sch Med, Eldoret, Kenya. [Lindblade, Kim A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vulule, John M.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisian, Kenya. [Akhwale, Willis] Minist Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. RP John, CC (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Global Pediat Program, 420 Delaware St SE,850 Mayo,MMC 296, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM ccj@umn.edu FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); NIAID [K08 AI01572, U01 AI056270] FX This study was supported by a National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) opportunity pool grant and by NIAID grants K08 AI01572 and U01 AI056270. NR 24 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2009 VL 15 IS 12 BP 1917 EP 1924 DI 10.3201/eid1512.090627 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 527HO UT WOS:000272358200005 PM 19961670 ER PT J AU Bell, DM Weisfuse, IB Hernandez-Avila, M del Rio, C Bustamante, X Rodier, G AF Bell, David M. Weisfuse, Isaac B. Hernandez-Avila, Mauricio del Rio, Carlos Bustamante, Xinia Rodier, Guenael TI Pandemic Influenza as 21st Century Urban Public Health Crisis SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID PREPAREDNESS; MEXICO AB The percentage of the world's population living in urban areas will increase from 50% in 2008 to 70% (4.9 billion) in 2025. Crowded urban areas in developing and industrialized countries are uniquely vulnerable to public health crises and face daunting challenges in surveillance, response, and public communication. The revised International Health Regulations require all countries to have core surveillance and response capacity by 2012. Innovative approches are needed because traditional local-level strategies may not be easily scalable upward to meet the needs of huge, densely populated cities, especially in developing countries. The responses of Mexico City and New York City to the initial appearance of influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus during spring 2009 illustrate some of the new challenges and creative response strategies that will increasingly be needed in cities worldwide. C1 [Bell, David M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Weisfuse, Isaac B.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Hernandez-Avila, Mauricio] Minist Hlth Mexico, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [del Rio, Carlos] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Bustamante, Xinia] Pan Amer Hlth Org, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Rodier, Guenael] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Bell, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dbell@cdc.gov RI del Rio, Carlos/B-3763-2012 OI del Rio, Carlos/0000-0002-0153-3517 NR 23 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2009 VL 15 IS 12 BP 1963 EP 1969 DI 10.3201/eid1512.091232 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 527HO UT WOS:000272358200011 PM 19961676 ER PT J AU Dharan, NJ Patton, M Siston, AM Morita, J Ramirez, E Wallis, TR Deyde, V Gubareva, LV Klimov, AI Bresee, JS Fry, AM AF Dharan, Nila J. Patton, Monica Siston, Alicia M. Morita, Julie Ramirez, Enrique Wallis, Teresa R. Deyde, Varough Gubareva, Larisa V. Klimov, Alexander I. Bresee, Joseph S. Fry, Alicia M. TI Outbreak of Antiviral Drug-Resistant Influenza A in Long-Term Care Facility, Illinois, USA, 2008 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VIRUSES ISOLATED WORLDWIDE; NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITORS; PREVENTION; H3N2 AB An outbreak of oseltamivir-resistant influenza A (H1N1) occurred in a long-term care facility. Eight (47%) of 17 and 1 (6%) of 16 residents in 2 wards had oseltamivir-resistant influenza A virus (H1N1) infections. Initial outbreak response included treatment and prophylaxis with oseltamivir. The outbreak abated, likely because of infection control measures. C1 [Fry, Alicia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Siston, Alicia M.; Morita, Julie; Ramirez, Enrique] Chicago Dept Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL USA. RP Fry, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM agf1@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2009 VL 15 IS 12 BP 1973 EP 1976 DI 10.3201/eid1512.081644 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 527HO UT WOS:000272358200013 PM 19961678 ER PT J AU Reed, C Angulo, FJ Swerdlow, DL Lipsitch, M Meltzer, MI Jernigan, D Finelli, L AF Reed, Carrie Angulo, Frederick J. Swerdlow, David L. Lipsitch, Marc Meltzer, Martin I. Jernigan, Daniel Finelli, Lyn TI Estimates of the Prevalence of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009, United States, April-July 2009 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article AB Through July 2009, a total of 43,677 laboratory-confirmed cases of influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009 were reported in the United States, which is likely a substantial underestimate of the true number. Correcting for under-ascertainment using a multiplier model, we estimate that 1.8 million-5.7 million cases occurred, including 9,000-21,000 hospitalizations. C1 [Reed, Carrie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Lipsitch, Marc] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Reed, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A32, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. EM creed1@cdc.gov OI Lipsitch, Marc/0000-0003-1504-9213 FU US National Institutes of Health Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study [5U01GM076497, 1U54GM088588] FX M.L. acknowledges support from the US National Institutes of Health Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study program through cooperative agreements 5U01GM076497 and 1U54GM088588. M.L. has received consulting fees from the Avian/Pandemic Flu Registry (Outcome Sciences), funded in part by Roche. NR 6 TC 176 Z9 184 U1 0 U2 10 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2009 VL 15 IS 12 BP 2004 EP 2007 DI 10.3201/eid1512.091413 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 527HO UT WOS:000272358200022 PM 19961687 ER PT J AU Bevins, SN Tracey, JA Franklin, SP Schmit, VL MacMillan, ML Gage, KL Schriefer, ME Logan, KA Sweanor, LL Alldredge, MW Krumm, C Boyce, WM Vickers, W Riley, SPD Lyren, LM Boydston, EE Fisher, RN Roelke, ME Salman, M Crooks, KR VandeWoude, S AF Bevins, Sarah N. Tracey, Jeff A. Franklin, Sam P. Schmit, Virginia L. MacMillan, Martha L. Gage, Kenneth L. Schriefer, Martin E. Logan, Kenneth A. Sweanor, Linda L. Alldredge, Mat W. Krumm, Caroline Boyce, Walter M. Vickers, Winston Riley, Seth P. D. Lyren, Lisa M. Boydston, Erin E. Fisher, Robert N. Roelke, Melody E. Salman, Mo Crooks, Kevin R. VandeWoude, Sue TI Wild Felids as Hosts for Human Plague, Western United States SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID YERSINIA-PESTIS; TRANSMISSION; EXPOSURE AB Plague seroprevalence was estimated in populations of pumas and bobcats in the western United States. High levels of exposure in plague-endemic regions indicate the need to consider the ecology and pathobiology of plague in nondomestic felid hosts to better understand the role of these species in disease persistence and transmission. C1 [Bevins, Sarah N.] Colorado State Univ, Microbiol Immunol & Pathol Dept, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Gage, Kenneth L.; Schriefer, Martin E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Logan, Kenneth A.; Alldredge, Mat W.] Colorado Div Wildlife, Montrose, CO USA. [Boyce, Walter M.; Vickers, Winston] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Riley, Seth P. D.] Natl Pk Serv, Thousand Oaks, CA USA. [Lyren, Lisa M.; Boydston, Erin E.; Fisher, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, Irvine, CA USA. [Roelke, Melody E.] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Bevins, SN (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Microbiol Immunol & Pathol Dept, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM bevins@lamar.colostate.edu FU National Science Foundation Ecology of Infectious Disease [NSF EF-0723676] FX Dr Bevins is a postdoctoral researcher, with ail emphasis in disease ecology, at Colorado State University. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2009 VL 15 IS 12 BP 2021 EP 2024 DI 10.3201/eid1512.090526 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 527HO UT WOS:000272358200026 PM 19961691 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI "I think I could turn and live with animals" SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM PMP1@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2009 VL 15 IS 12 BP 2087 EP 2089 DI 10.3201/eid1512.000000 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 527HO UT WOS:000272358200051 PM 19961714 ER PT J AU Li, Y Ehrhard, R Biswas, P Kulkarni, P Carns, K Patterson, C Krishnan, R Sinha, R AF Li, Ying Ehrhard, Ray Biswas, Pratim Kulkarni, Pramod Carns, Keith Patterson, Craig Krishnan, Radha Sinha, Rajib TI Removal of Waterborne Particles by Electrofiltration: Pilot-Scale Testing SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE water treatment; drinking water; waterborne particles; pathogens; electrofiltration; trajectory analysis; collection efficiency ID CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM; AQUEOUS SUSPENSIONS; ELECTRIC-FIELD; FILTRATION; OUTBREAK AB Theoretical analysis using a trajectory approach indicated that in the presence of an external electric field, charged waterborne particles are subject to an additional migration velocity that increases their deposition on the surface of collectors (e. g., sand filter). Although researchers conducted bench-scale experiments to verify the effectiveness of electrofiltration, few studies have reported on the applications of electrofiltration in larger scale facilities. In this study, a prototype pilot-scale electrofiltration unit, consisting of an acrylic tank (0.3 x 0.3 x 1.2 m) with vertically placed stainless steel mesh electrodes embedded in a sand filter was tested at a local drinking water plant. Presedimentation basin water was used as the influent with a turbidity ranging from 12 to 37 NTU. At an approach velocity of 0.84 mm/s, an electrode voltage at 8 and 12V increased the particle removal coefficient pC* [defined as -log(C(out)/C(in))] to 1.79 and 1.86, respectively, compared to 1.48 when there was no electric field. Reducing the approach velocity from 0.84 to 0.42 mm/s increased pC* from 1.48 to 1.64, when the electrode velocity was 16 V. Repetitive experiments were conducted and the results were in agreement with those calculated by a theoretical trajectory analysis. The electrofiltration process was demonstrated to be more effective for removal of smaller particles (< 4 mu m), the size range of many waterborne bacteria. A voltage of 8-12V was shown to be the most cost-effective range, considering both the energy cost and filtration performance. The findings from this pilot-scale study are important for full-scale applications of the electrofiltration technology. C1 [Li, Ying; Ehrhard, Ray; Biswas, Pratim] Washington Univ, Dept Energy Environm & Chem Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Kulkarni, Pramod] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Carns, Keith] Global Energy Partners LLC, Oakhurst, CA USA. [Patterson, Craig] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Krishnan, Radha; Sinha, Rajib] Shaw Environm & Infrastruct Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Biswas, P (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Energy Environm & Chem Engn, 1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM pratim.biswas@wustl.edu RI Li, Ying/B-1830-2010 OI Li, Ying/0000-0002-6775-5649 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (U.S. EPA) National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL) under contract with Shaw Environmental, Inc. [EP-C-04-034] FX This work was sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (U.S. EPA) National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL) through a Work Assignment under contract No. EP-C-04-034 with Shaw Environmental, Inc. The authors want to express their sincere gratitude for the capable assistance of staff at the City of St. Louis Howard Bend water treatment facility. They are also thankful for the support from Roy Haught, Acting Chief, Water Quality Management Branch, Water Supply and Water Resources Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA-ORD. Any opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official positions and policies of the U.S. EPA. Any mention of products or trade names does not constitute recommendation for use by the U.S. EPA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1092-8758 J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI JI Environ. Eng. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 26 IS 12 BP 1795 EP 1803 DI 10.1089/ees.2009.0238 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 527MA UT WOS:000272370000012 ER PT J AU Braun, JM Yolton, K Dietrich, KN Hornung, R Ye, XY Calafat, AM Lanphear, BP AF Braun, Joe M. Yolton, Kimberly Dietrich, Kim N. Hornung, Richard Ye, Xiaoyun Calafat, Antonia M. Lanphear, Bruce P. TI Prenatal Bisphenol A Exposure and Early Childhood Behavior SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE bisphenol A; children; endocrine; epidemiology; neurodevelopment ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; NEONATAL EXPOSURE; SEXUAL-DIFFERENTIATION; ENVIRONMENTAL PHENOLS; PERINATAL EXPOSURE; FETAL EXPOSURE; RATS; CHILDREN; MICE AB BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) increases offspring aggression and diminishes differences in sexually dimorphic behaviors in rodents. OBJECTIVE: We examined the association between prenatal BPA exposure and behavior in 2-year-old children. METHODS: We used data from 249 mothers and their children in Cincinnati, Ohio (USA). Maternal urine was collected around 16 and 26 weeks of gestation and at birth. BPA concentrations were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography-isotope-dilution tandem mass spectrometry. Child behavior was assessed at 2 years of age using the second edition of the Behavioral Assessment System for Children (BASC-2). The association between prenatal BPA concentrations and BASC-2 scores was analyzed using linear regression. RESULTS: Median BPA concentrations were 1.8 (16 weeks), 1.7 (26 weeks), and 1.3 (birth) ng/mL. Mean (+/- SD) BASC-2 externalizing and internalizing scores were 47.6 +/- 7.8 and 44.8 +/- 7.0, respectively. After adjustment for confounders, log(10)-transformed mean prenatal BPA concentrations were associated with externalizing scores, but only among females [beta = 6.0; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.1-12.0]. Compared with 26-week and birth concentrations, BPA concentrations collected around 16 weeks were more strongly associated with externalizing scores among all children (beta = 2.9; 95% CI, 0.2-5.7), and this association was stronger in females than in males. Among all children, measurernents collected at <= 16 weeks showed a stronger association (beta = 5.1; 95% CI, 1.5-8.6) with externalizing scores than did measurements taken at 17-21 weeks (beta = 0.6; 95% CI, -2.9 to 4.1). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that prenatal BPA exposure may be associated with externalizing behaviors in 2-year-old children, especially among female children. C1 [Braun, Joe M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Yolton, Kimberly; Hornung, Richard; Lanphear, Bruce P.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Gen & Community Pediat, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Dietrich, Kim N.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Ye, Xiaoyun; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] BC Childrens Hosp, Child & Family Res Inst, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Lanphear, BP (reprint author), 3415 Ash St, Vancouver, BC V5Z 3E5, Canada. EM blanphear@sfu.ca RI Braun, Joseph/H-8649-2014 FU National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Reproductive, Perinatal, and Pediatric Epidemiology [T32-HD052468-01]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [P01 ES11261] FX This study was funded in part by National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Reproductive, Perinatal, and Pediatric Epidemiology Training Grant T32-HD052468-01 (J.M.B.) and by a Children's Environmental Health Center Grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (P01 ES11261). NR 61 TC 201 Z9 210 U1 6 U2 49 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 117 IS 12 BP 1945 EP 1952 DI 10.1289/ehp.0900979 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 528VH UT WOS:000272474600039 PM 20049216 ER PT J AU Wiersma, P D'Angelo, MT Daley, WR Tuttle, J Arnold, KE Ray, SM Ladson, JL Bulens, SN Drenzek, CL AF Wiersma, P. D'Angelo, M. Tobin Daley, W. R. Tuttle, J. Arnold, K. E. Ray, S. M. Ladson, J. L. Bulens, S. N. Drenzek, C. L. TI Surveillance for severe community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Community-associated; methicillin resistance; Staphylococcus aureus; surveillance AB Comm unity-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has rapidly emerged in the USA as a cause of severe infections in previously healthy persons without traditional risk factors. We describe the epidemiology of severe CA-MRSA disease in the state of Georgia, USA and analyse the risk of death associated with three different clinical syndromes of CA-MRSA disease - pneumonia, invasive disease, and skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs). A total of 1670 cases of severe CA-MRSA disease were reported during 2005-2007. The case-fatality rate was 3.4%; sex and race of fatal and non-fatal cases did not differ significantly. While CA-MRSA pneumonia and invasive disease were less common than SSTIs, they were about 15 times more likely to result in death [risk ratio 16.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) 10.28-27.07 and 13.98, 95% CI 7.74-25.27, respectively]. When controlling for age and the presence of other clinical syndromes the odds of death in patients manifesting specific severe CA-MRSA syndromes was highest in those with pneumonia (odds ratio 11.34). Possible risk factors for severe CA-MRSA SSTI and pneumonia included the draining of lesions without medical assistance and an antecedent influenza-like illness. C1 [Wiersma, P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wiersma, P.; D'Angelo, M. Tobin; Tuttle, J.; Arnold, K. E.; Bulens, S. N.; Drenzek, C. L.] Georgia Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Daley, W. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ladson, J. L.] Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ray, S. M.] Emory Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wiersma, P (reprint author), 5120 Geneva PI, Dulles, VA 20189 USA. EM Petra.wiersma@gmail.com NR 10 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 137 IS 12 BP 1674 EP 1678 DI 10.1017/S0950268809002490 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 522AZ UT WOS:000271971400002 PM 19366491 ER PT J AU Vally, H Hall, G Scallan, E Kirk, MD Angulo, FJ AF Vally, H. Hall, G. Scallan, E. Kirk, M. D. Angulo, F. J. TI Higher rate of culture-confirmed Campylobacter infections in Australia than in the USA: is this due to differences in healthcare-seeking behaviour or stool culture frequency? SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Australia; Campylobacter; incidence; USA ID RISK-FACTORS; NEW-ZEALAND; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FOODNET SITES; UNITED-STATES; PREVALENCE; CHICKEN; JEJUNI; ENGLAND; DENMARK AB Laboratory-based Surveillance by OzFoodNet in Australia and FoodNet in the USA indicated that the incidence of Campylobacter infections in 2001 in Australia was about nine times higher than in the USA. We assessed whether this disparity could be explained by differences in the frequency of stool culturing. Using data from Population surveys of diarrhoea and symptom profiles for Campylobacter from case-control studies, indices of healthcare behaviour taking into account the severity of Campylobacter infections were calculated. These suggest that culture-confirmed Campylobacter infections underestimate the incidence of community cases by similar ratios in the two countries. The incidence of Campylobacter infections in Australia was about 12 times higher than in the USA after consideration of healthcare system differences. C1 [Vally, H.; Kirk, M. D.] Australian Natl Univ, Natl Ctr Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Hall, G.] Australian Natl Univ, Natl Ctr Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Scallan, E.; Angulo, F. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kirk, M. D.] Australian Dept Hlth & Ageing, Canberra, ACT, Australia. RP Vally, H (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Natl Ctr Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM Hassan.Vally@anu.edu.au FU Australian Government Department of Health; Ageing and FoodNet; Centers for Disease Control & Prevention's Emerging Infections Program; Department of Health, Western Australia and PathCentre, Western Australia; Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing FX OzFoodNet is funded by the Australian Government Department of Health & Ageing and FoodNet is funded through the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention's Emerging Infections Program. We acknowledge Dr Gary Dowse from the Department of Health, Western Australia and PathCentre, Western Australia for their support of this project. This project was completed as part of the Masters of Applied Epidemiology Program at the Australian National University, which is funded by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing. We acknowledge Mr Ivan Hannigan for his assistance with the preparation of the figure for this paper. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 137 IS 12 BP 1751 EP 1758 DI 10.1017/S0950268809990161 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 522AZ UT WOS:000271971400014 PM 19493375 ER PT J AU ValDerrama, AL Hlavsa, MC Cronquist, A Cosgrove, S Johnston, SP Roberts, JM Stock, ML Xiao, L Xavier, K Beach, MJ AF ValDerrama, A. L. Hlavsa, M. C. Cronquist, A. Cosgrove, S. Johnston, S. P. Roberts, J. M. Stock, M. L. Xiao, L. Xavier, K. Beach, M. J. TI Multiple risk factors associated with a large statewide increase in cryptosporidiosis SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; outbreaks; water-borne infections ID DAY-CARE-CENTER; UNITED-STATES; SPORADIC CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS; WATERBORNE DISEASE; APPLE CIDER; OUTBREAK; NITAZOXANIDE; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTION AB Cryptosporidium species have emerged as a major cause Of Outbreaks of diarrhoea and have been associated with consumption of contaminated recreational and drinking water and food as well as contact with infected attendees of child-care programmes. In August 2007, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment detected an increase in cryptosporidiosis cases over baseline values. We conducted a case-control study to assess risk factors for infection and collected stool specimens from ill persons for microscopy and molecular analysis. Laboratory-confirmed cases (n=47) were more likely to have swallowed untreated water from a lake, river, or stream [adjusted matched odds ratio (aOR) 8.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-48.1], have had exposure to recreational water (aOR 4.6, 95% CI 1.4-14.6), or have had contact with a child in a child-care programme or in diapers (aOR 3.8, 95% CI 1.5-9.6). Although exposure to recreational water is commonly implicated in summertime cryptosporidiosis outbreaks, this study demonstrates that investigations of increased incidence of cases in Summer should also examine other potential risk factors. This study emphasizes the need for public health education efforts that address the multiple transmission routes for Cryptosporidium and appropriate prevention measures to avoid future transmission. C1 [ValDerrama, A. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [ValDerrama, A. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Career Dev Div, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hlavsa, M. C.; Johnston, S. P.; Roberts, J. M.; Xiao, L.; Beach, M. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cronquist, A.; Cosgrove, S.; Xavier, K.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Stock, M. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP ValDerrama, AL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM AValderrama@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We gratefully acknowledge all of the staff at CDPHE and the Colorado local public health agencies who helped with the administration of our questionnaires and collection of stool specimens. Technical assistance was provided by John Williamson, Sc.D., and Theresa Dearen, B.S., Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne, and Enteric Diseases, CDC. Phone call assistance was provided by CDC staff, Office of Workforce and Career Development. All funding for this evaluation was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 34 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 137 IS 12 BP 1781 EP 1788 DI 10.1017/S0950268809002842 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 522AZ UT WOS:000271971400018 PM 19470196 ER PT J AU Hoppin, JA Umbach, DM London, SJ Henneberger, PK Kullman, GJ Coble, J Alavanja, MCR Freeman, LEB Sandler, DP AF Hoppin, J. A. Umbach, D. M. London, S. J. Henneberger, P. K. Kullman, G. J. Coble, J. Alavanja, M. C. R. Freeman, L. E. Beane Sandler, D. P. TI Pesticide use and adult-onset asthma among male farmers in the Agricultural Health Study SO EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Allergy; farming; occupational exposure; pesticides; respiratory disease ID INDUCED AIRWAY HYPERREACTIVITY; PARAQUAT EXPOSURE; NONATOPIC ASTHMA; LOW-LEVEL; APPLICATORS; SYMPTOMS; WORKERS; QUESTIONNAIRE; ASSOCIATION; INHIBITION AB Although specific pesticides have been associated with wheeze in farmers, little is known about pesticides and asthma. Data from 19,704 male farmers in the Agricultural Health Study were used to evaluate lifetime use of 48 pesticides and prevalent adult-onset asthma, defined as doctor-diagnosed asthma after the age of 20 yrs. Asthma cases were categorised as allergic (n=127) and nonallergic (n=314) based on their history of eczema or hay fever. Polytomous logistic regression, controlling for age, state, smoking and body mass, was used to assess pesticide associations. High pesticide exposure events were associated with a doubling of both allergic and nonallergic asthma. For ever-use, 12 individual pesticides were associated with allergic asthma and four with nonallergic asthma. For allergic asthma, coumaphos (OR 2.34; 95% CI 1.49-3.70), heptachlor (OR 2.01; 95% CI 1.30-3.11), parathion (OR 2.05; 95% CI 1.21-3.46), 80/20 mix (carbon tetrachloride/carbon disulfide) (OR 2.15; 95% CI 1.23-3.76) and ethylene dibromide (OR 2.07; 95% CI 1.02-4.20) all showed ORs of >2.0 and significant exposure-response trends. For nonallergic asthma, DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) showed the strongest association (OR 1.41; 95% CI 1.09-1.84), but with little evidence of increasing asthma with increasing use. Current animal handling and farm activities did not confound these results. There was little evidence that allergy alone was driving these associations. In conclusion, pesticides may be an overlooked contributor to asthma risk among farmers. C1 [Hoppin, J. A.; London, S. J.; Sandler, D. P.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Umbach, D. M.] NIEHS, Biostat Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Coble, J.; Alavanja, M. C. R.; Freeman, L. E. Beane] NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Rockville, MD USA. [Henneberger, P. K.; Kullman, G. J.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Hoppin, JA (reprint author), NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, MD A3-05,POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM hoppin1@niehs.nih.gov RI Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; OI Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; London, Stephanie/0000-0003-4911-5290; Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA ES049030-13]; NCI NIH HHS [Z01 CP010119]; NIEHS NIH HHS [Z01 ES049030] NR 32 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 4 PU EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD PI SHEFFIELD PA 442 GLOSSOP RD, SHEFFIELD S10 2PX, ENGLAND SN 0903-1936 J9 EUR RESPIR J JI Eur. Resp. J. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 34 IS 6 BP 1296 EP 1303 DI 10.1183/09031936.00005509 PG 8 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 530XD UT WOS:000272625000009 PM 19541724 ER PT J AU Levin, ML Killmaster, L Zemtsova, G Grant, D Mumcuoglu, KY Eremeeva, ME Dasch, GA AF Levin, M. L. Killmaster, L. Zemtsova, G. Grant, D. Mumcuoglu, K. Y. Eremeeva, M. E. Dasch, G. A. TI Incongruent effects of two isolates of Rickettsia conorii on the survival of Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rickettsia conorii; Rickettsia israelensis; Rhipicephalus sanguineus; Molting success; Tick survival; Infection ID MEDITERRANEAN SPOTTED-FEVER; INFECTION; IXODIDAE; ACARI; MICE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PORTUGAL; DOG AB Rickettsia conorii, the etiologic agent of Mediterranean spotted fever is widely distributed in Southern Europe, the Middle East, Africa, India and the Caspian region. In the Mediterranean region, the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, is the recognized vector of R. conorii. To study tick-pathogen relationships and pathogenesis of infection caused in model animals by the bite of an infected tick, we attempted to establish a laboratory colony of Rh. sanguineus persistently infected with R. conorii. Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks of North American and Mediterranean origin were exposed to R. conorii isolates of African (R. conorii conorii strain Malish) and Mediterranean (R. conorii israelensis strain ISTT) origin. Feeding of ticks upon infected mice and dogs, intra-hemocoel inoculation, and submersion in suspensions of purified rickettsiae were used to introduce the pathogen into uninfected ticks. Feeding success, molting success and the longevity of molted ticks were measured to assess the effects of R. conorii on the survival of Rh. sanguineus. In concordance with previously published results, Rh. sanguineus larvae and nymphs from both North American and Mediterranean colonies exposed to R. conorii conorii Malish experienced high mortality during feeding and molting or immediately after. The prevalence of infection in surviving ticks did not exceed 5%. On the other hand, exposure to ISTT strain had lesser effect on tick survival and resulted in 35-66% prevalence of infection. Rh. sanguineus of Mediterranean origin were more susceptible to infection with either strain of R. conorii than those from North America. Previous experimental studies had demonstrated transovarial and transstadial transmission of R. conorii in Rh. sanguineus; however, our data suggest that different strains of R. conorii may employ different means of maintenance in nature. The vertebrate host may be a more important reservoir than previously thought, or co-feeding transmission between different generations of ticks may obviate or lessen the requirement for transovarial maintenance of R. conorii. C1 [Levin, M. L.; Killmaster, L.; Zemtsova, G.; Grant, D.; Eremeeva, M. E.; Dasch, G. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mumcuoglu, K. Y.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Hadassah Med Sch, Dept Parasitol, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Levin, ML (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Mail Stop G-13,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MLevin@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) FX We thank Danielle R. Troughton for laboratory assistance. D. R. Troughton was supported by The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). NR 27 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8162 J9 EXP APPL ACAROL JI Exp. Appl. Acarol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 49 IS 4 BP 347 EP 359 DI 10.1007/s10493-009-9268-9 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 514OT UT WOS:000271405000008 PM 19421877 ER PT J AU Miranda, AE St Louis, ME Figueiredo, NC Milbratz, I Page-Shafer, K AF Miranda, Angelica E. St Louis, Michael E. Figueiredo, Ninive C. Milbratz, Ildes Page-Shafer, Kimberly TI Young women and their reproductive health needs in a family practice setting: factors influencing care seeking in Vitoria, Brazil SO FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Access to health care; Family Health Program; health care; population-based study; reproductive health; young women ID INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; PREVALENCE; HEPATITIS; HIV AB Objectives. To describe demographic, behavioural and clinical characteristics of young women accessing services through FHP in Vitoria, Brazil. Methods. From March to December 2006, women aged 18-29 years were recruited into a population-based, household survey. Responses were analysed to assess previous 6 months utilization of FHP services in this population and characteristics associated with accessing care through this public family practice model. Results. Of 1200 eligible women identified, 1029 enrolled (85.7%). Median age was 23 (interquartile range 20-26) years, 42.7% were married or cohabitating with a male partner. A majority (72%) accessed FHP services in the preceding 6 months, principally for routine and gynaecological visits. Factors independently associated with seeking FHP included: ever tested for human immunodeficiency virus, using anal sex as contraceptive method and reporting a current vaginal discharge. Prior commercial sex work, previous diagnosis with an sexually transmitted infection or using oral sex as a contraceptive method were associated with less use of FHP services. Conclusions. A public option for delivery of FHP has attracted wide utilization across a cross-section of young women in Vitoria, Brazil. Greater sensitization to specific practices and needs of this population, especially around reproductive health, could further enhance the services provided by family practitioners. C1 [Miranda, Angelica E.; Figueiredo, Ninive C.] Univ Fed Espirito Santo, BR-29040091 Vitoria, ES, Brazil. [St Louis, Michael E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Off Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Milbratz, Ildes] Prefeitura Municipal Vitoria, Programa Saude Familia, Vitoria, ES, Spain. [Page-Shafer, Kimberly] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. RP Miranda, AE (reprint author), Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Av Marechal Campos,1468 Maruipe, BR-29040091 Vitoria, ES, Brazil. EM espinosa@ndi.ufes.br OI Page, Kimberly/0000-0002-7120-1673 FU University of California, San Francisco; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies [(P30 MH062246]; Fogarty International Center's International, Operational and Health Services Research Training Award; Brazilian Scientists Program [D43 TW005799] FX University of California, San Francisco, Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (P30 MH062246); Fogarty International Center's International, Operational and Health Services Research Training Award, Brazilian Scientists Program (D43 TW005799). NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0263-2136 J9 FAM PRACT JI Fam. Pr. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 26 IS 6 BP 493 EP 500 DI 10.1093/fampra/cmp058 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 523JJ UT WOS:000272069000010 PM 19770219 ER PT J AU Painter, JA Ayers, T Woodruff, R Blanton, E Perez, N Hoekstra, RM Griffin, PM Braden, C AF Painter, John A. Ayers, Tracy Woodruff, Rachel Blanton, Elizabeth Perez, Nytzia Hoekstra, Robert M. Griffin, Patricia M. Braden, Christopher TI Recipes for Foodborne Outbreaks: A Scheme for Categorizing and Grouping Implicated Foods SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN SALMONELLOSIS; UNITED-STATES; INFECTIONS; ILLNESS AB Background: To better understand the sources of foodborne illness, we propose a scheme for categorizing foods implicated in investigations of outbreaks of foodborne diseases. Because nearly 2000 foods have been reported as causing outbreaks in the United States, foods must be grouped for meaningful analyses. Methods: We defined a hierarchy of 17 mutually exclusive food commodities. We defined the following three commodity groups from which nearly all food is derived: aquatic animals, land animals, and plants. We defined three commodities in aquatic animals, six in land animals, and eight in plants. We considered each food as a set of ingredients composed of one or more commodities. We defined a simple food as one made of ingredients that are all in one commodity and a complex food as one containing ingredients in more than one commodity. We determined likely ingredients using a panel of epidemiologists and a web-based search process. Results: We assigned 1709 (95%) of the 1794 foods implicated in outbreaks of foodborne diseases reported to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 1973 to 2006. Of those, 987 (57%) were simple foods and 722 (43%) were complex foods. Discussion: This categorization may serve as an input for modeling the attribution of human illness to specific food commodities and could be used by policy makers, health officials, regulatory agencies, and consumer groups to evaluate the contribution of various food commodities to illness. C1 [Painter, John A.; Ayers, Tracy; Woodruff, Rachel; Blanton, Elizabeth; Perez, Nytzia; Griffin, Patricia M.; Braden, Christopher] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hoekstra, Robert M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biostat Off, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Painter, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Mailstop E-03,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jpainter@cdc.gov OI Ayers, Tracy/0000-0003-4140-3263 NR 13 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 6 IS 10 BP 1259 EP 1264 DI 10.1089/fpd.2009.0350 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 528QW UT WOS:000272462700013 PM 19968563 ER PT J AU Gentsch, JR Parashar, UD Glass, RI AF Gentsch, Jon R. Parashar, Umesh D. Glass, Roger I. TI Impact of rotavirus vaccination: the importance of monitoring strains SO FUTURE MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID 1ST 2 YEARS; UNITED-STATES; DOUBLE-BLIND; GASTROENTERITIS; EFFICACY; SAFETY; POPULATION; DIVERSITY; DIARRHEA; CHILDREN C1 [Gentsch, Jon R.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Glass, Roger I.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Gentsch, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jrg4@cdc.gov; glassr@mail.nih.gov NR 28 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1746-0913 J9 FUTURE MICROBIOL JI Future Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 4 IS 10 BP 1231 EP 1234 DI 10.2217/FMB.09.105 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 535RZ UT WOS:000272989700001 PM 19995181 ER PT J AU Allen, AS Satten, GA AF Allen, Andrew S. Satten, Glen A. TI A Novel Haplotype-Sharing Approach for Genome-Wide Case-Control Association Studies Implicates the Calpastatin Gene in Parkinson's Disease SO GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE genome-wide; association; haplotype sharing; GWAS; Parkinson's disease ID ACTIVATED NEUTRAL PROTEINASE; CALPAIN ACTIVATION; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; INDIVIDUALS; BRAIN AB The large number of markers considered in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) has resulted in a simplification of analyses conducted. Most studies are analyzed one marker at a time using simple tests like the trend test. Methods that account for the special features of genetic association studies, yet remain computationally feasible for genome-wide analysis, are desirable as they may lead to increased power to detect associations. Haplotype sharing attempts to translate between population genetics and genetic epidemiology. Near a recent mutation that increases disease risk, haplotypes of case participants should be more similar to each other than haplotypes of control participants; conversely, the opposite pattern may be found near a recent mutation that lowers disease risk. We give computationally simple association tests based on haplotype sharing that can be easily applied to GWASs while allowing use of fast (but not likelihood-based) haplotyping algorithms and properly accounting for the uncertainty introduced by using inferred haplotypes. We also give haplotype-sharing analyses that adjust for population stratification. Applying our methods to a GWAS of Parkinson's disease, we find a genome-wide significant signal in the CAST gene that is not found by single-SNP methods. Further, a missing-data artifact that causes a spurious single-SNP association on chromosome 9 does not impact our test. Genet. Epidemiol. 33:657-667, 2009. Published 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger) C1 [Allen, Andrew S.] Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Allen, Andrew S.] Duke Univ, Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Satten, Glen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Allen, AS (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM andrew.s.allen@duke.edu OI Satten, Glen/0000-0001-7275-5371 FU NINDS [K25 HL077663, R01 M14084680]; National Institute for Neurological Disease and Stroke FX We thank NINDS and the NINDS Parkinson's Disease study investigators for providing the NINDS Parkinson's Disease through dbGap. Funding support for the NINDS Parkinson's Disease was provided by the National Institute for Neurological Disease and Stroke and the genotyping of samples were provided by the Singleton Lab (National Institute on Aging, Laboratory of Neurogenetics) with support from NINDS. A.S.A. acknowledges support from the NIH through NHLBI grant K25 HL077663 and NIMH grant R01 M14084680. NR 32 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0741-0395 J9 GENET EPIDEMIOL JI Genet. Epidemiol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 33 IS 8 BP 657 EP 667 DI 10.1002/gepi.20417 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 529TK UT WOS:000272540600001 PM 19365859 ER PT J AU Satten, GA Allen, AS Ikeda, M Mulle, JG Warren, ST AF Satten, Glen A. Allen, Andrew S. Ikeda, Morna Mulle, Jeri G. Warren, Stephen T. TI Scoring and Calling Copy Number Variants SO GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 18th Annual Meeting of the International-Genetic-Epidemiology-Society CY OCT 10-20, 2009 CL Honolulu, HI SP Int Genet Epidemiol Soc C1 [Satten, Glen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Allen, Andrew S.] Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Informat, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Ikeda, Morna; Mulle, Jeri G.; Warren, Stephen T.] Emory Univ, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RI Warren, Stephen/A-2498-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0741-0395 J9 GENET EPIDEMIOL JI Genet. Epidemiol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 33 IS 8 MA 212 BP 814 EP 814 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 529TK UT WOS:000272540600219 ER PT J AU Powell, KK Braun, KV Singh, RH Shapira, SK Olney, RS Yeargin-Allsopp, M AF Powell, Kimberly K. Braun, Kim Van Naarden Singh, Rani H. Shapira, Stuart K. Olney, Richard S. Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn TI Long-term speech and language developmental issues among children with Duarte galactosemia SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Duarte galactosemia; developmental disabilities; speech and language disorder; newborn screening; population based ID VERBAL DYSPRAXIA; POPULATION; DEFICIENCY; DISORDERS; OUTCOMES AB Purpose: There is limited information on long-term outcomes among children with Duarte galactosemia and controversy about treatment of this potentially benign condition. This study examined developmental disabilities and issues that required special education services within a population-based sample of children with Duarte galactosemia. Methods: Children born between 1988 and 2001 who were diagnosed with Duarte galactosemia and resided in the five-county metropolitan Atlanta area at birth and from 3 to 10 years of age were linked to the (1) Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program, an ongoing, population-based surveillance system for selected developmental disabilities and (2) Special Education Database of Metropolitan Atlanta. Special education records were reviewed for children who linked. Clinical genetics records were reviewed to assess laboratory levels at the time of diagnosis and metabolic control during treatment, Results. Of the 59 eligible children, none were found to have intellectual disability, cerebral palsy, hearing loss, vision impairment, or an autism spectrum disorder. However, five, 8.5% of 3 to 10 years or 15.2% eligible 8 years, were identified as having received special education services, four of whom were confirmed with a speech or language disorder, or were receiving services for speech or language or both compared with 4.5% and 5.9% of children without Duarte galactosemia, respectively. Conclusions: Despite galactose restriction until 1 year, select developmental issues associated with special education, specifically involving speech and language, have been found among some children with Duarte galactosemia. Genet Med 2009:11(12):874-879. C1 [Powell, Kimberly K.; Braun, Kim Van Naarden; Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Dev Disabil Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Singh, Rani H.; Olney, Richard S.] Emory Univ, Div Med Genet, Dept Human Genet, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Shapira, Stuart K.; Olney, Richard S.] CDC, NCBDDD, Pediat Genet Team, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Braun, KV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Dev Disabil Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,M-S E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kbn5@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 11 IS 12 BP 874 EP 879 DI 10.1097/GIM.0b013e3181c0c38d PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 537UO UT WOS:000273139900009 PM 19904210 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ AF Khoury, Muin J. TI Translation research is an essential but not sufficient ingredient for translation of genomic medicine into population health benefits SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Khoury, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 11 IS 12 BP 899 EP 899 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 537UO UT WOS:000273139900013 ER PT J AU Howard, DH Tangka, FK Seeff, LC Richardson, LC Ekwueme, DU AF Howard, David H. Tangka, Florence K. Seeff, Laura C. Richardson, Lisa C. Ekwueme, Donatus U. TI THE IMPACT OF DETECTION AND TREATMENT ON LIFETIME MEDICAL COSTS FOR PATIENTS WITH PRECANCEROUS POLYPS AND COLORECTAL CANCER SO HEALTH ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE cancer screening; colorectal cancer; preventive medicine; cost analysis ID SCREENING COLONOSCOPY; DIAGNOSIS; CARE AB Understanding the costs associated with early detection of disease is important for determining the fiscal implications of government-funded screening programs. We estimate the lifetime medical costs for patients with screen-detected versus undetected polyps and early-stage colorectal cancer. Typically, cost-effectiveness studies of screening account only for the direct costs of screening and cancer care. Our estimates include costs for unrelated conditions. We applied the Kaplan-Meier Smoothing Estimator to estimate lifetime costs for beneficiaries with screen-detected polyps and cancer. Phase-specific costs and survival probabilities were calculated from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare database for Medicare beneficiaries aged >= 65. We estimate costs from the point of detection onward; therefore, our results do not include the costs associated with screening. We used a modified version of the model to estimate what lifetime costs for these patients would have been if the polyps or cancer remained undetected, based oil assumptions about the 'lead time' for polyps and early-stage cancer. For younger patients, polyp removal is cost saving. Treatment of early-stage cancer is cost increasing. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Howard, David H.] Emory Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Tangka, Florence K.; Seeff, Laura C.; Richardson, Lisa C.; Ekwueme, Donatus U.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Howard, DH (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM david.howard@emory.edu FU American Cancer Society and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [06-075-01-CPHPS] FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. D. Howard acknowledges the support of Mentored Research Scholar Grant 06-075-01-CPHPS from the American Cancer Society and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under an Interagency Personnel Agreement. This study used the linked SEER-Medicare database. The interpretation and reporting of these data are the sole responsibility of the authors. The authors acknowledge the efforts of the Applied Research Program, National Cancer Institute; the Office of Research, Development and Information, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services; Information Management Services, Inc.; and the SEER program tumor registries in the creation of the SEER-Medicare database. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1057-9230 J9 HEALTH ECON JI Health Econ. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1381 EP 1393 DI 10.1002/hec.1434 PG 13 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 526LV UT WOS:000272291300003 PM 19142856 ER PT J AU Pornwiroon, W Bourchookarn, A Paddock, CD Macaluso, KR AF Pornwiroon, Walairat Bourchookarn, Apichai Paddock, Christopher D. Macaluso, Kevin R. TI Proteomic Analysis of Rickettsia parkeri Strain Portsmouth SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID MOUNTAIN-SPOTTED-FEVER; 2-DIMENSIONAL GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; MADRID-E-STRAIN; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; INTRACELLULAR PATHOGENS; EHRLICHIA-CHAFFEENSIS; SIGNAL PEPTIDES; ARP2/3 COMPLEX; UNITED-STATES AB Rickettsia parkeri, a recently recognized pathogen of human, is one of several Rickettsia spp. in the United States that causes a spotted fever rickettsiosis. To gain insights into its biology and pathogenesis, we applied the proteomics approach to establish a two-dimensional gel proteome reference map and combined this technique with cell surface biotinylation to identify surface-exposed proteins of a low-passage isolate of R. parkeri obtained from a patient. We identified 91 proteins by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-tandem time of flight mass spectrometry. Of these, 28 were characterized as surface proteins, including virulence-related proteins (e. g., outer membrane protein A [OmpA], OmpB, beta-peptide, and RickA). Two-dimensional immunoblotting with serum from the R. parkeri-infected index patient was utilized to identify the immunoreactive proteins as potential targets for diagnosis and vaccine development. In addition to the known rickettsial antigens, OmpA and OmpB, we identified translation initiation factor 2, cell division protein FtsZ, and cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase as immunoreactive proteins. The proteome map with corresponding cell surface protein analysis and antigen detection will facilitate a better understanding of the mechanisms of rickettsial pathogenesis. C1 [Pornwiroon, Walairat; Bourchookarn, Apichai; Macaluso, Kevin R.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Sch Vet Med, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Bourchookarn, Apichai] Prince Songkla Univ, Dept Technol & Ind, Fac Sci & Technol, Pattani 94000, Thailand. [Paddock, Christopher D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Macaluso, KR (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Sch Vet Med, Skip Bertman Dr,SVM-3213, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM kmacaluso@vetmed.lsu.edu FU National Institutes of Health [P20 RR-016464]; INBRE Program of the National Center for Research Resources; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [AI070705] FX Protein identification at the Nevada Proteomics Center, University of Nevada, Reno, was supported by National Institutes of Health grant P20 RR-016464 from the INBRE Program of the National Center for Research Resources. This research was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI070705). NR 46 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 77 IS 12 BP 5262 EP 5271 DI 10.1128/IAI.00911-09 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 519LC UT WOS:000271767100007 PM 19797064 ER PT J AU Lindley, MC Yonek, J Ahmed, F Perz, JF Torres, GW AF Lindley, Megan C. Yonek, Juliet Ahmed, Faruque Perz, Joseph F. Torres, Gretchen Williams TI Measurement of Influenza Vaccination Coverage among Healthcare Personnel in US Hospitals SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; LONG-TERM-CARE; UNITED-STATES; NOSOCOMIAL INFLUENZA; WORKERS; MORTALITY; IMMUNIZATION; RESIDENTS; OUTBREAK; STAFF AB OBJECTIVE. To characterize practices related to measuring influenza vaccination rates among healthcare personnel in US hospitals. DESIGN. Descriptive survey. SETTING. Nonfederal, short-stay hospitals that provide general medical and surgical services, identified by use of the 2004 American Hospital Association Annual Survey Database. PARTICIPANTS. Healthcare personnel from 996 randomly sampled US hospitals stratified by region and bed size. METHODS. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed in 2006 to infection control coordinators to gather data on policies and practices related to the provision of the influenza vaccine and on the measurement and reporting of influenza vaccination rates. Descriptive statistics and associations were calculated, and logistic regression was conducted. RESULTS. The response rate was 56% (ie, 555 of 996 US hospitals responded to the questionnaire). Weighting accounted for sampling design and nonresponse. Most hospitals provided the influenza vaccine to employees (100%), credentialed medical staff ( ie, independent practitioners; 94%), volunteers (86%), and contract staff (83%); provision for students and residents was less frequent (58%). Only 69% of hospitals measured vaccination rates ( mean coverage rate, 55%). Most hospitals that measured coverage included employees (98%) in the vaccination rates, whereas contract staff (53%), credentialed medical staff ( 56%), volunteers ( 56%), and students and residents (30%) were less commonly included. Among hospitals measuring coverage, 44% included persons for which vaccine was contraindicated, and 51% included persons who refused vaccination. After adjustment for region and size, hospitals with vaccination plans written into policy (odds ratio, 2.0 [95% confidence interval, 1.22-7.67]) or that addressed internally reporting coverage (odds ratio, 4.8 [95% confidence interval, 2.97-7.66]) were more likely to measure coverage than were hospitals without such plans. CONCLUSIONS. Hospitals vary in terms of the groups of individuals included in influenza vaccination coverage measurements. Standardized measures may improve comparability of hospital-reported vaccination rates. Measuring coverage in a manner that facilitates identification of occupational groups with low vaccination rates may inform development of targeted interventions. C1 [Lindley, Megan C.; Ahmed, Faruque] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Perz, Joseph F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Torres, Gretchen Williams] Univ Chicago, Harris Sch Publ Policy Studies, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Yonek, Juliet; Torres, Gretchen Williams] Univ Chicago, Amer Hosp Assoc, Hlth Res & Educ Trust, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Lindley, MC (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mail Stop E-52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MLindley@cdc.gov FU CDC and the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research [TS-0990] FX This project was made possible by a cooperative agreement (award TS-0990) between the CDC and the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research. NR 28 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 30 IS 12 BP 1150 EP 1157 DI 10.1086/648086 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 515CL UT WOS:000271444100004 PM 19848601 ER PT J AU Zhang, L Katz, JM Gwinn, M Dowling, NF Khoury, MJ AF Zhang, Lyna Katz, Jacqueline M. Gwinn, Marta Dowling, Nicole F. Khoury, Muin J. TI Systems-based candidate genes for human response to influenza infection SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Review DE Influenza; Human; Infection; Influenza A virus; Genes ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; SURFACTANT PROTEIN-D; SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS INFECTION; ACTIVATING-FACTOR RECEPTOR; INNATE IMMUNE-RESPONSE; MANNOSE-BINDING LECTIN; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-3; RNA-POLYMERASE-II; A-VIRUS; AVIAN INFLUENZA AB Influenza A is a serious respiratory illness that can be debilitating and may cause complications leading to hospitalization and death. The outcome of infection with the influenza A virus is determined by a complex interplay of viral and host factors. With the ongoing threat of seasonal influenza and the potential emergence of new, more virulent strains of influenza viruses, we need to develop a better understanding of genetic variation in the human population and its association with severe outcomes from influenza infection. We propose a list of approximately 100 systems-based candidate genes for future study of the genetic basis of influenza disease and immunity in humans, based on evidence in the published literature for their potential role in the pathogenesis of this infection: binding of the virus to receptors on the host cell surface; cleavability of HA by host proteases; virus replication in host cells: destruction of host cells by apoptosis; state of immunocompetence of the individual host; and viral infections predisposing to bacterial infection. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Zhang, Lyna; Gwinn, Marta; Dowling, Nicole F.; Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Katz, Jacqueline M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Zhang, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM chn6@cdc.gov NR 158 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 6 BP 1148 EP 1157 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2009.07.006 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 537HU UT WOS:000273104700016 PM 19647099 ER PT J AU Glass, D McClanahan, M Koller, L Adeshina, F AF Glass, Dana McClanahan, Mark Koller, Loren Adeshina, Femi TI Provisional Advisory Levels (PALs) for phosgene (CG) SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PALs; phosgene; emergency planning; inhalation; drinking water ID NOSE-ONLY EXPOSURE; X TIME-DEPENDENCE; INHALATION TOXICITY; LUNG INJURY; RATS AB The Provisional Advisory Level (PAL) protocol was applied to estimate inhalation exposure limits for phosgene (CG). Three levels (PAL 1, PAL 2, and PAL 3), distinguished by severity of toxic effects, are developed for 24-hour, 30-day, 90-day, and 2-year durations of potential drinking water and inhalation exposures for the general public. For background on the PAL program and a description of the methodology used in deriving PALs, the reader is referred to accompanying papers in this Supplement. Data on humans are limited to occupational exposures or accounts from the use of phosgene as a chemical warfare agent in World War I. Animal studies with phosgene show a steep dose-response curve for pulmonary edema and mortality, with little species variability in effects. Although immediately upon exposure lacrimation and upper respiratory irritation can occur, the main effect in the target organ, a progressive pulmonary edema, occurs after a latency period of 1-24 hours. PAL estimates were approved by the Expert Consultation Panel for Provisional Advisory Levels in May 2007. Exposure limits for oral exposure to CG are not developed due to insufficient data. PAL estimates for inhalation exposure to CG are presented: The 24-hour PAL values for severity levels 1, 2, and 3 are 0.0017, 0.0033 and 0.022 ppm, respectively. The 30- and 90-day PAL values are 0.0006 and 0.0012 ppm for the PAL I and 2 values, respectively. These inhalation values were also accepted as the 2-year PAL I and 2 values because severity of lesions in the key study did not increase when exposures were extended from 4 weeks to 12 weeks. Data were not available for deriving 30-day, 90-day, and 2-year PAL 3 values. C1 [Glass, Dana] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Toxicol & Hazard Assessment Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [McClanahan, Mark] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chamblee, GA USA. [Adeshina, Femi] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Glass, D (reprint author), 1060 Commerce Pk Dr, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM glassd@ornl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [1824-SB70-T1, DW-8992241401, DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was prepared under two Interagency Agreements (IAGs): IAG No. 1824-SB70-T1 with the U.S. Department of Energy and IAG No. DW-8992241401 with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessaxily reflect the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 60 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 21 SU 3 BP 73 EP 94 DI 10.3109/08958370903202820 PG 22 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 544GW UT WOS:000273643600005 PM 19827940 ER PT J AU Erguder, T Cakir, B Babalioglu, N Dogusan, H Turkoral, E Warren, CW AF Erguder, Toker Cakir, Banu Babalioglu, Nihal Dogusan, Hasim Turkoral, Eyup Warren, Charles W. TI Tobacco use among institutionalized adolescents in Turkey: does social environment affect the risk? SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Tobacco use; Institutionalized adolescents; GYTS ID AGED 13-15 YEARS; SMOKING; YOUTH; PREVALENCE; GYTS AB The study aimed to estimate smoking prevalence and associated risk factors among Turkish adolescents residing in orphanages and to investigate whether "institutionalization" (i.e., factors leading to institutionalization and/or those present in the institutional environment) makes adolescents more prone "to try" and/or "continue" smoking. An institution-based survey was conducted in all orphanages in Turkey and included 6,220 adolescents. Effects of institutionalization on smoking were further evaluated based on comparisons with external data obtained from an earlier survey of non-institutionalized Turkish students. Of the participants: 57% had ever smoked cigarettes; 29.3% were current cigarette smokers; and exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) was above 80.0%. Compared to non-institutionalized adolescents, institutionalized adolescents seem to be more prone to start and continue smoking; have higher access to tobacco; know less about the health hazards of smoking; and have higher prevalence of addiction, especially among girls. Smoking prevalence among institutionalized adolescents is quite high; they have an environment favoring smoking and the gender gap in smoking rates is closing. An effective tobacco-control program based on evidence, tailored to the specific needs, and combined with a motivating environment is required to decrease tobacco consumption among institutionalized youngsters. C1 [Erguder, Toker; Babalioglu, Nihal; Dogusan, Hasim; Turkoral, Eyup] Minist Hlth, Primary Hlth Care Gen Directorate, TR-06434 Ankara, Turkey. [Cakir, Banu] Hacettepe Univ, Fac Med, Dept Publ Hlth, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey. [Warren, Charles W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Global Tobacco Control Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Erguder, T (reprint author), Minist Hlth, Primary Hlth Care Gen Directorate, Mithatpasa Cad 3 Sihhiye, TR-06434 Ankara, Turkey. EM tokererguder@gmail.com FU Turkish Ministry of Health; Primary Health Care General Directorate; Mental Health Department of Primary Health General Directorate; Substance Dependence Section of Mental Health Department; General Directorate of Social Services and Child Protection Agency and individual institutions, Turkey FX This survey was supported technically by the Worlds Health Organization-Tobacco Free Initiative and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office on Smoking and Health, Global Tobacco Control Program; technically and financially by the Turkish Ministry of Health, Primary Health Care General Directorate, Mental Health Department of Primary Health General Directorate, Substance Dependence Section of Mental Health Department; and the General Directorate of Social Services and Child Protection Agency and individual institutions, Turkey. The authors would like to acknowledge directors of institutions, institutions' staff and children of schools participated in the study; the Ministry of State and the General Directorate of Social Services and Child Protection Agency for giving permission to this survey; Samira Asma, Charles W. Warren, Nathan R Jones, Juliette Lee and Veronica Lea (CDC-Office on Smoking and Health) for their help in the organization and implementation of this survey and the completion of this report; Mustafa Bayrak ( Data Entry, Mental Health Department), Huseyin Acar ( Head of Mental Health Department), Hasan Irmak and Tahir Soydal ( Deputy General Directors of Primary Health Care), Mehmet Ugurlu ( former General Director of Primary Health Care) and Turan Buzgan ( Deputy Undersecretary of the Ministry of Health) who made useful comments and administrative support to this report and colleagues at the Provincial Mental Health Departments who contributed to the successful implementation and field work of this study. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-8556 J9 INT J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Int. J. Public Health PD DEC PY 2009 VL 54 IS 6 BP 379 EP 389 DI 10.1007/s00038-009-0064-4 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 521UN UT WOS:000271950000003 PM 19707718 ER PT J AU Baska, T Warren, CW Baskova, M Jones, NR AF Baska, Tibor Warren, Charles W. Baskova, Martina Jones, Nathan R. TI Prevalence of youth cigarette smoking and selected social factors in 25 European countries: findings from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Smoking; Adolescents; Tobacco smoke pollution; Indirect pro-tobacco advertising ID SURVEY GYTS; ADOLESCENTS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; INITIATION; CESSATION; SLOVAKIA; HUNGARY; DISEASE; BURDEN; POLAND AB To present Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) data on the prevalence of cigarette smoking and selected social factors among students aged 13-15 years in 25 European countries. The GYTS is a school-based survey of students aged 13-15 years. The GYTS was conducted in 25 European countries (2002-2005) and produced representative data for each country. In 25 European countries studied, 22% of boys and 18% of girls smoked cigarettes. In 17 of 25 countries, current cigarette smoking did not differ between boys and girls. Exposure to secondhand smoke is very high throughout the 25 countries. Exposure to pro-tobacco indirect advertising (having tobacco company logos on promotional items and being given free cigarettes) is frequent throughout the countries. Intensified efforts to lessen harm caused by tobacco use among youth in 25 European countries included in this study are urgently needed. These countries need to develop and implement comprehensive tobacco control programs including public education campaigns, cessation programs, enforcement of existing measures, and related policy efforts. The WHO FCTC provides a useful framework for implementing such a comprehensive approach. C1 [Baska, Tibor] Comenius Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Inst Publ Hlth, Jessenius Fac Med, Martin 03753, Slovakia. [Warren, Charles W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baskova, Martina] Comenius Univ, Inst Nonmed Study Programmes, Jessenius Fac Med, Martin 03601, Slovakia. [Jones, Nathan R.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. RP Baska, T (reprint author), Comenius Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Inst Publ Hlth, Jessenius Fac Med, Sklabinska 26, Martin 03753, Slovakia. EM baska@jfmed.uniba.sk NR 25 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-8556 J9 INT J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Int. J. Public Health PD DEC PY 2009 VL 54 IS 6 BP 439 EP 445 DI 10.1007/s00038-009-0051-9 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 521UN UT WOS:000271950000009 PM 19680601 ER PT J AU Karacan, CO AF Karacan, C. Oezgen TI Elastic and shear moduli of coal measure rocks derived from basic well logs using fractal statistics and radial basis functions SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Geophysical well logs; Elastic modulus; Shear modulus; Fractal statistics; Radial basis functions ID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; STRENGTH; PREDICTION; WAVELET AB Gamma ray, density, sonic and core logs obtained from two boreholes drilled over a longwall panel in Southwestern (SW) Pennsylvania were analyzed for formation boundaries, log-derived porosities and densities and for rock elastic properties from sonic transit times. Gamma ray (GR) and density logs (DL) were analyzed using univariate statistical techniques and fractal statistics for similarity and ordering of the log data in depth. A Fourier transformation with low-pass filter was used as a noise elimination (filtering) technique from the original logs. Filtered data was tested using basic univariate and fractal statistics, rescaled range (R/S) and power spectrum (PS) analysis to compare the information characteristics of the filtered logs with the original data. The randomness of log data in depth was analyzed for fractional Gaussian noise (fGn) or fractional Brownian motion (fBm) character. A new prediction technique using radial basis function (RBF) networks was developed to calculate shear and Young's moduli of the formations when sonic logs are not available. For this approach, the filtered logs were used as input to an RBF based upon a combination of supervised and unsupervised learning. The network was trained and tested using rock elastic properties calculated from the sonic log of one of the boreholes. The network was used to predict the elastic and shear moduli of the coal-measure rocks over a longwall coal mine in SW Pennsylvania. This approach demonstrated that it could be used for prediction of elastic and shear moduli of coal-measure rocks with reasonable accuracy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 NIOSH, CDC, Pittsburgh Res Lab, Disaster Prevent & Response Branch, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Karacan, CO (reprint author), NIOSH, CDC, Pittsburgh Res Lab, Disaster Prevent & Response Branch, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd,POB 18070, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM cok6@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1365-1609 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 46 IS 8 BP 1281 EP 1295 DI 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2009.04.002 PG 15 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 535BB UT WOS:000272940400004 ER PT J AU Ishida, K Stupp, P Sotomayor, JO AF Ishida, Kanako Stupp, Paul Sotomayor, Jose Ordonez TI Stalled Decline in Fertility in Ecuador SO INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Ishida, Kanako; Stupp, Paul] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sotomayor, Jose Ordonez] Ctr Studies Populat & Social Dev, Quito, Ecuador. RP Ishida, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kanakoi@ucla.edu NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU ALAN GUTTMACHER INST PI NEW YORK PA 125 MAIDEN LANE, 7TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10038 USA SN 1944-0391 J9 INT PERSPECT SEX R H JI Int. Perspect. Sex Reprod. Health PD DEC PY 2009 VL 35 IS 4 BP 203 EP 206 PG 4 WC Demography; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Demography; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 545ST UT WOS:000273757800005 PM 20123654 ER PT J AU Moore, ZS McCoy, S Kuruc, J Hilton, M Leone, P AF Moore, Zack S. McCoy, Sandi Kuruc, Joann Hilton, Michael Leone, Peter TI Number of Named Partners and Number of Partners Newly Diagnosed With HIV Infection Identified by Persons With Acute Versus Established HIV Infection SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE acute disease; contact tracing; disease notification; early diagnosis; HIV infections ID SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; UNAWARE; VIRUS; AWARE; RATES AB Background: Acute infections with HIV account for a disproportionate share of forward transmission in certain populations. We hypothesized that persons with acute HIV infection (AHI) would identify more named partners than those with established HIV infection (EHI). Methods: We reviewed North Carolina surveillance databases to identify all persons aged >= 18 years in whom HIV was diagnosed during November 1, 2002 to October 31, 2007. We compared the number of named partners identified by persons with AHI versus EHI (based on nucleic acid amplification plus serologic testing) using a multivariable model and also compared information regarding HIV testing among partners identified by these groups. Results: EHI was diagnosed in 9044 persons and AHI in 120 persons during the study period. Persons with AHI named 2.5 times more partners per index patient [95% confidence interval: 2.1 to 3.0] and 1.9 times more partners newly diagnosed with HIV infection per index patient (95% confidence interval: 1.1 to 3.5) as did persons with EHI. Discussion: In North Carolina, persons with AHI identified proportionately more named partners and more partners newly diagnosed with HIV infections than persons with EHI. Improved detection of AHI offers critical opportunities to intervene and potentially reduce transmission of HIV. C1 [Moore, Zack S.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Moore, Zack S.; Hilton, Michael; Leone, Peter] N Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Raleigh, NC USA. [McCoy, Sandi; Leone, Peter] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kuruc, Joann; Leone, Peter] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Moore, ZS (reprint author), Communicable Dis Branch, 1902 Mail Serv Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27699 USA. EM zack.moore@dhhs.nc.gov NR 13 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 52 IS 4 BP 509 EP 513 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 518UY UT WOS:000271721600011 PM 19568174 ER PT J AU Green, BJ Tovey, ER Beezhold, DH Perzanowski, MS Acosta, LM Divjan, AI Chew, GL AF Green, B. J. Tovey, E. R. Beezhold, D. H. Perzanowski, M. S. Acosta, L. M. Divjan, A. I. Chew, G. L. TI Surveillance of fungal allergic sensitization using the fluorescent halogen immunoassay SO JOURNAL DE MYCOLOGIE MEDICALE LA English DT Article DE Allergen; Fungi; Mold; Alternaria; Cladosporium; Conidia; Hyphae; Immunoassay ID DOUBLE-IMMUNOSTAINING TECHNIQUE; ASP-F-I; ASPERGILLUS-FUMIGATUS; ALTERNARIA-ALTERNATA; TRICHOTHECENE MYCOTOXINS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; DIDYMELLA-EXITIALIS; HYPHAL FRAGMENTS; US HOMES; ASTHMA AB Objective. - Conidia derived from a small number of common fungal genera are widely accepted as the etiological agents responsible for fungal allergic sensitization. The contribution of fungal conidia, spores, airborne hyphae, and subcellular fragments from other uncharacterized fungal genera remains unclear. In this proof-of-concept study, we examined the composition of mycoaerosols that atopic women were exposed and sensitized to in their own indoor environment using the fluorescent halogen immunoassay (fHIA). Patients and methods. - Mycoaerosols were collected onto mixed cellulose ester protein binding membranes (PBMs) for 30 min with volumetric air sampling pumps. The PBMs were laminated with an adhesive cover slip and indirectly immunostained with individual patient serum IgE using the fHIA. Samples were examined using confocal laser scanning microscopy and immunostained particles were expressed as a percentage of total particles. Results. - All air samples contained a broad spectrum of fungal spores, conidia, hyphae, and other fungal particulates. Airborne concentrations varied between individual study participant environments. Positively immunostained conidia belonging to moniliaceous amerospores, Cladosporium, Alternaria, and many unknown species were observed in the majority of air samples. Other fungal genera including Bipolar's, Curvularia, Pithomyces, and Stachybotrys, in addition to, ascospore genera and dematiaceous hyphal fragments released detectable allergen. Twelve percent of all fHIA haloes quantified in the analysis were directed towards fungal particles. No immunostaining was detected to conidia belonging to Epicoccum, Fusarium, and Spegazzinia species. Conclusion. - In addition to characterized fungal aeroallergens, we observed a wider composition of fungi that bound human IgE. Field surveillance studies that utilize immunodiagnostic techniques such as the fHIA will provide further insight into the diversity of fungi that function as aeroallergen sources in individual study participant environments. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Green, B. J.; Beezhold, D. H.] NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Tovey, E. R.] Woolcock Inst Med Res, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Perzanowski, M. S.; Acosta, L. M.; Divjan, A. I.; Chew, G. L.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. RP Green, BJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095,Willowdale Rd,MS 4020, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM Brett.Green@cdc.hhs.gov FU NIEHS [Y1-ES0001-06]; National Institutes of Health [R01 ES 10922, P30 ES 009089] FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. This work was supported in part by the Inter-Agency Agreement NIEHS Y1-ES0001-06 and the National Institutes of Health grants: R01 ES 10922 and P30 ES 009089. The authors would like to thank Dr. Michael Muilenberg for his mycological assistance identifying several unknown fungal spores. NR 54 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 5 PU MASSON EDITEUR PI MOULINEAUX CEDEX 9 PA 21 STREET CAMILLE DESMOULINS, ISSY, 92789 MOULINEAUX CEDEX 9, FRANCE SN 1156-5233 J9 J MYCOL MED JI J. Mycol. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 19 IS 4 BP 253 EP 261 DI 10.1016/j.mycmed.2009.10.003 PG 9 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 652LZ UT WOS:000282009500005 PM 20495612 ER PT J AU Cremeens, JL Miller, JW Nelson, DE Brewer, RD AF Cremeens, Jennifer L. Miller, Jacqueline W. Nelson, David E. Brewer, Robert D. TI Assessment of Source and Type of Alcohol Consumed by High School Students Analyses From Four States SO JOURNAL OF ADDICTION MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE alcohol consumption; alcoholic beverages; adolescent ID DRINKING; CIGARETTES; BEHAVIORS; YOUTH AB Purpose: This Study provides population-based estimates of the source and type of alcohol usually consumed by high school students in 4 states and assessed their relationship to drinking patterns. Methods: Pooled data were used from 4 states (Arkansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, and Wyoming) that included questions from the 2005 Youth Risk Behavior Survey for high school students (total N = 13,504). Logistic regression models were used to determine whether the drinking pattern for these Students was independently associated with alcohol Source or usual type of beverage. Results: Overall, 29.7% of high school students in these 4 states drank in a binge pattern, 13.2% were current drinkers who did not binge drink, and 57.1% were nondrinkers. Approximately one-third of the high school students who reported current alcohol use in these 4 states obtained their alcohol by giving money to someone else to purchase it. Liquor was the usual type of alcohol consumed by 38.7% of students who drank, followed by beer (21.3%), and malt beverages (21.1%). Youth who drank in a binge pattern were 3 times more likely to give someone money to buy alcohol for them and 2 times more likely to consume either liquor or beer as their usual alcoholic beverage compared with current drinkers who did not binge drink. Conclusions: These findings emphasize that when implementing evidence-based strategies to prevent underage drinking, such as enforcement of underage drinking laws and increasing alcohol excise taxes, attention should be paid to the source of and the Usual type of alcohol consumed, and how these vary by drinking pattern. C1 [Cremeens, Jennifer L.] Univ Alabama, Dept Hlth Sci, Assoc Prevent Teaching & Res, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Cremeens, Jennifer L.; Nelson, David E.; Brewer, Robert D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Alcohol Team, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Miller, Jacqueline W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cremeens, JL (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Dept Hlth Educ & Promot, 2302 Carol Belk Bldg, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. EM CremeensJ@ecu.edu FU Association for Prevention Teaching and Research (APTR); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U50/CCU300860] FX Supported by a cooperative agreement between the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research (APTR) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), award number U50/CCU300860. NR 29 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1932-0620 J9 J ADDICT MED JI J. Addict. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 3 IS 4 BP 204 EP 210 PG 7 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 528VG UT WOS:000272474500004 PM 21769017 ER PT J AU Dauphin, LA Hutchins, RJ Bost, LA Bowen, MD AF Dauphin, Leslie A. Hutchins, Rebecca J. Bost, Liberty A. Bowen, Michael D. TI Evaluation of Automated and Manual Commercial DNA Extraction Methods for Recovery of Brucella DNA from Suspensions and Spiked Swabs SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS SPORES; HUMAN SERUM SAMPLES; NASAL SWABS; ABORTUS; BIOTERRORISM; MELITENSIS; PATHOGENS; AGENTS; SUIS AB This study evaluated automated and manual commercial DNA extraction methods for their ability to recover DNA from Brucella species in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) suspension and from spiked swab specimens. Six extraction methods, representing several of the methodologies which are commercially available for DNA extraction, as well as representing various throughput capacities, were evaluated: the MagNA Pure Compact and the MagNA Pure LC instruments, the IT 1-2-3 DNA sample purification kit, the MasterPure Complete DNA and RNA purification kit, the QIAamp DNA blood mini kit, and the UltraClean microbial DNA isolation kit. These six extraction methods were performed upon three pathogenic Brucella species: B. abortus, B. melitensis, and B. suis. Viability testing of the DNA extracts indicated that all six extraction methods were efficient at inactivating virulent Brucella spp. Real-time PCR analysis using Brucella genus- and species-specific TaqMan assays revealed that use of the MasterPure kit resulted in superior levels of detection from bacterial suspensions, while the MasterPure kit and MagNA Pure Compact performed equally well for extraction of spiked swab samples. This study demonstrated that DNA extraction methodologies differ in their ability to recover Brucella DNA from PBS bacterial suspensions and from swab specimens and, thus, that the extraction method used for a given type of sample matrix can influence the sensitivity of real-time PCR assays for Brucella. C1 [Dauphin, Leslie A.; Bowen, Michael D.] CDC, BRRAT Lab, DBPR, NCPDCID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hutchins, Rebecca J.] Med Staffing Network Inc, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. [Bost, Liberty A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Dauphin, LA (reprint author), CDC, BRRAT Lab, DBPR, NCPDCID, Mail Stop G-42,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Ldauphin@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 47 IS 12 BP 3920 EP 3926 DI 10.1128/JCM.01288-09 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 525QD UT WOS:000272230500019 PM 19846627 ER PT J AU Mattison, K Grudeski, E Auk, B Charest, H Drews, SJ Fritzinger, A Gregoricus, N Hayward, S Houde, A Lee, BE Pang, XLL Wong, JL Booth, TF Vinje, J AF Mattison, Kirsten Grudeski, Elsie Auk, Brian Charest, Hugues Drews, Steven J. Fritzinger, Angela Gregoricus, Nicole Hayward, Stephen Houde, Alain Lee, Bonita E. Pang, Xiaoli L. Wong, Julie Booth, Tim F. Vinje, Jan TI Multicenter Comparison of Two Norovirus ORF2-Based Genotyping Protocols SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; ROUND-STRUCTURED VIRUSES; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; GENOGROUP-II; OUTBREAKS; ASSAY; CLASSIFICATION; NETHERLANDS AB Point source norovirus outbreaks can be difficult to track due to high background levels of the virus in the environment and the limited strain variation in some genotyping regions. However, rapid and accurate source identification can limit the spread of a foodborne outbreak and reduce the number of cases. Harmonization of genotyping assays is critical for enabling the rapid exchange of sequence data nationally and internationally. Several regions of the genome have been proposed for this purpose, but no consensus has been reached. In the present study, two standardized genotyping protocols (region C and region D) were evaluated by nine laboratories in Canada and the United States, using a coded panel of 96 fecal specimens representing 22 different norovirus genotypes. Overall, region C typing had a success rate of 78% compared to 52% for region D; however, region D provides greater nucleotide sequence diversity for identifying new GII.4 variant strains. Significant differences in the genotyping success rate were observed among the nine participating laboratories (10% to 100%) and among the different genotypes (6% to 100%). For several genogroup II strains, reduced region D amplification correlated directly with mismatches between primer sequences and the template. Based on overall performance, we recommend the region C protocol for routine genotyping of noroviruses, while the region D protocol may be useful for identifying new GII.4 variants. Standardized genotyping protocols will enable rapid exchange of outbreak and sequence data through electronic norovirus surveillance networks. C1 [Mattison, Kirsten] Hlth Canada, Bur Microbial Hazards, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [Grudeski, Elsie; Booth, Tim F.] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Auk, Brian; Wong, Julie] British Columbia Ctr Dis Control, Lab Serv, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Charest, Hugues] Inst Natl Sante Publ Quebec, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ, Canada. [Drews, Steven J.] Ontario Agcy Hlth Protect & Promot, Etobicoke, ON, Canada. [Fritzinger, Angela] Div Consolidated Lab Serv, Richmond, VA USA. [Gregoricus, Nicole; Vinje, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hayward, Stephen] Hlth Canada, Bur Biostat & Comp Applicat, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [Houde, Alain] Agr & Agri Food Canada, St Hyacinthe, PQ, Canada. [Lee, Bonita E.; Pang, Xiaoli L.] Prov Publ Hlth Lab, Edmonton, AB, Canada. RP Mattison, K (reprint author), 251 Sir FG Banting Driveway,PL2204E, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. EM Mattison@hc-sc.gc.ca; jvinje@cdc.gov OI Vinje, Jan/0000-0002-1530-3675 FU Canadian Public Health Laboratory Network, Health Canada; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agency or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This article did receive clearance through the appropriate channels at the CDC prior to submission. NR 33 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 47 IS 12 BP 3927 EP 3932 DI 10.1128/JCM.00497-09 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 525QD UT WOS:000272230500020 PM 19846650 ER PT J AU Lamaro-Cardoso, J de Lencastre, H Kipnis, A Pimenta, FC Oliveira, LSC Oliveira, RM Nouer, SS Aires-De-Sousa, M Milheirico, C Andrade, ALS AF Lamaro-Cardoso, Juliana de Lencastre, Herminia Kipnis, Andre Pimenta, Fabiana C. Oliveira, Luciana S. C. Oliveira, Renato M. Nouer, Simonne S. Aires-de-Sousa, Marta Milheirico, Catarina Sgambatti Andrade, Ana Lucia TI Molecular Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Nasal Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus in Infants Attending Day Care Centers in Brazil SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; JAPANESE CHILDREN; HEALTHY-CHILDREN; CHROMOSOMAL DNA; COMMUNITY; STRAINS; COLONIZATION; INFECTIONS; PREVALENCE; CLONES AB Investigations regarding Staphylococcus aureus carriage among Brazilian children are scarce. We evaluated the determinants of S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) nasal carriage in infants attending day care centers (DCCs) and the molecular features of the MRSA strains. A total of 1,192 children aged 2 months to 5 years attending 62 DCCs were screened for S. aureus and MRSA nasal carriage. MRSA isolates were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multilocus sequence typing, spa typing, staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC) mec typing and the presence of the Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene. Logistic regression was performed to determine risk factors associated with S. aureus and MRSA colonization. S. aureus and MRSA carriage were detected in 371 (31.1%) and 14 (1.2%) children, respectively. Variables found to be independently associated with an increased risk for S. aureus carriage included being older than 24 months (odds ratio [OR], 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3 to 2.6) and previous DCC attendance (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.0 to 2.2). Having a mother with a high level of education was a protective factor for nasal colonization (OR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2 to 0.8). Moreover, we observed that more children carrying MRSA had younger siblings than children not colonized by MRSA. Among the 14 MRSA strains, three SCCmec types ( IIIA, IV, and V) were detected, together with a multidrug-resistant dominant MRSA lineage sharing 82.7% genetic similarity with the Brazilian clone (ST239-MRSA-IIIA; ST indicates the sequence type determined by multilocus sequence typing). Although SCCmec type V was recovered from one healthy child who had been exposed to known risk factors for hospital-associated MRSA, its genetic background was compatible with community-related MRSA. Our data suggest that DCC attendees could be contributing to MRSA cross-transmission between health care and community settings. C1 [Lamaro-Cardoso, Juliana; Kipnis, Andre; Pimenta, Fabiana C.; Oliveira, Luciana S. C.; Oliveira, Renato M.; Sgambatti Andrade, Ana Lucia] Univ Fed Goias, Inst Patol Trop & Saude Publ, BR-74605050 Goiania, Go, Brazil. [de Lencastre, Herminia; Aires-de-Sousa, Marta; Milheirico, Catarina] Univ Nova Lisboa, Inst Tecnol Quim & Biol, Oeiras, Portugal. [de Lencastre, Herminia] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Pimenta, Fabiana C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nouer, Simonne S.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Coll Med, Dept Prevent Med, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. [Aires-de-Sousa, Marta] Escola Super Saude Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa, Lisbon, Portugal. RP Andrade, ALS (reprint author), Univ Fed Goias, Inst Patol Trop & Saude Publ, Rua 235,Esq 1 Ave, BR-74605050 Goiania, Go, Brazil. EM ana@iptsp.ufg.br RI Iats, Inct/K-2300-2013; Andrade, Ana Lucia/L-5751-2013; OI de Lencastre, Herminia/0000-0001-6816-8932; Milheirico, Catarina/0000-0002-2825-8850 NR 43 TC 33 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 47 IS 12 BP 3991 EP 3997 DI 10.1128/JCM.01322-09 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 525QD UT WOS:000272230500029 PM 19828745 ER PT J AU Schwartz, SB Mitchell, SL Thurman, KA Wolff, BJ Winchell, JM AF Schwartz, Stephanie B. Mitchell, Stephanie L. Thurman, Kathleen A. Wolff, Bernard J. Winchell, Jonas M. TI Identification of P1 Variants of Mycoplasma pneumoniae by Use of High-Resolution Melt Analysis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYTADHESIN GENE; DNA RECOMBINATION; INFECTIONS; SEQUENCES; NUMBER; GENOME; PCR AB Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Although two genetically distinct types of M. pneumoniae are known, variants of each also exist. We used a real-time PCR high-resolution melt genotyping assay to identify clinical variants which may provide greater insight into the genetic distribution of M. pneumoniae strains. C1 [Schwartz, Stephanie B.; Mitchell, Stephanie L.; Thurman, Kathleen A.; Wolff, Bernard J.; Winchell, Jonas M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Winchell, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jwinchell@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 47 IS 12 BP 4117 EP 4120 DI 10.1128/JCM.01696-09 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 525QD UT WOS:000272230500046 PM 19828737 ER PT J AU Carvalho, MD Facklam, R Jackson, D Beall, B McGee, L AF Carvalho, Maria da Gloria Facklam, Richard Jackson, Delois Beall, Bernard McGee, Lesley TI Evaluation of Three Commercial Broth Media for Pigment Detection and Identification of a Group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PREGNANT-WOMEN; GRANADA MEDIUM; CARROT BROTH; COLONIZATION AB Detection of group B Streptococcus (GBS) strains at various bacterial concentrations was evaluated using three pigment-producing broth media. At 10(3) CFU/ml, StrepB carrot broth (SBCB), Granada instant liquid biphasic (IGLB), and Northeast Laboratory GBS screening medium (NEL-GBS) showed 100% detection, but at the lower bacterial counts, SBCB and IGLB were more sensitive than NEL-GBS after 24 h. C1 [Carvalho, Maria da Gloria; Facklam, Richard; Jackson, Delois; Beall, Bernard; McGee, Lesley] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Streptococcus Lab, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McGee, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Streptococcus Lab, Resp Dis Branch, Mailstop G-03,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lmcgee@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 47 IS 12 BP 4161 EP 4163 DI 10.1128/JCM.01374-09 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 525QD UT WOS:000272230500060 ER PT J AU Etienne, KA Gade, L Lockhart, SR Diekema, DJ Messer, SA Pfaller, MA Balajee, SA AF Etienne, Kizee A. Gade, Lalitha Lockhart, Shawn R. Diekema, Daniel J. Messer, Shawn A. Pfaller, Michael A. Balajee, S. Arunmozhi TI Screening of a Large Global Aspergillus fumigatus Species Complex Collection by Using a Species-Specific Microsphere-Based Luminex Assay SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IDENTIFICATION AB A microsphere-based Luminex assay was developed and validated for rapid identification of Aspergillus fumigatus from the other species within the A. fumigatus species complex (section Fumigati). This molecular tool was then employed to screen 499 clinical A. fumigatus species complex isolates collected from multiple medical centers throughout the world with results demonstrating the exclusive presence of A. fumigatus. C1 [Etienne, Kizee A.; Gade, Lalitha; Lockhart, Shawn R.; Balajee, S. Arunmozhi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Diekema, Daniel J.; Messer, Shawn A.; Pfaller, Michael A.] Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Balajee, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Mail Stop G 11,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fir3@cdc.gov OI Diekema, Daniel/0000-0003-1273-0724 NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 47 IS 12 BP 4171 EP 4172 DI 10.1128/JCM.01415-09 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 525QD UT WOS:000272230500063 PM 19794043 ER PT J AU Banyai, K Esona, MD Mijatovic, S Kerin, TK Pedreira, C Mercado, J Balmaseda, A Perez, MC Patel, MM Gentsch, JR AF Banyai, Krisztian Esona, Mathew D. Mijatovic, Slavica Kerin, Tara K. Pedreira, Cristina Mercado, Juan Balmaseda, Angel Celina Perez, Maria Patel, Manish M. Gentsch, Jon R. TI Zoonotic bovine rotavirus strain in a diarrheic child, Nicaragua SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Letter ID VACCINE C1 [Esona, Mathew D.; Mijatovic, Slavica; Kerin, Tara K.; Patel, Manish M.; Gentsch, Jon R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Banyai, Krisztian] Assoc Publ Hlth Labs, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Banyai, Krisztian] Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary. [Pedreira, Cristina] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Managua, Nicaragua. [Mercado, Juan; Balmaseda, Angel; Celina Perez, Maria] Minist Salud, Managua, Nicaragua. RP Gentsch, JR (reprint author), 1600 Clifton RD NE,MS G-04, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jrg4@cdc.gov OI Banyai, Krisztian/0000-0002-6270-1772 NR 9 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 46 IS 4 BP 391 EP 393 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2009.08.005 PG 3 WC Virology SC Virology GA 528QF UT WOS:000272460900023 PM 19775934 ER PT J AU Cannon, MJ AF Cannon, Michael J. TI Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) epidemiology and awareness SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE Cytomegalovirus; Congenital; Epidemiology; Awareness ID DAY-CARE-CENTER; UNITED-STATES; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; URINARY-EXCRETION; SEXUAL-ACTIVITY; PREGNANT-WOMEN; INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; CHILDREN; SEROPREVALENCE AB This commentary highlights and discusses the implications of a number of recent studies that re. ne epidemiologic knowledge of CMV infection and assess awareness of congenital CMV among clinicians and the public. These studies highlight that: (1) congenital CMV results in a disease burden that is substantial and severe; (2) a high proportion of United States women of reproductive age are susceptible to CMV infection; (3) the majority of congenital CMV infections in the United States result from recurrent infections among pregnant women; (4) CMV seroprevalence and seroincidence are much higher among racial/ethnic minorities and persons of lower socioeconomic status (SES); (5) household transmission of CMV appears to be an important transmission route in the United States; (6) sexual transmission of CMV appears to be an important transmission route in some population sub-groups in the United States; (7) women have limited awareness and knowledge about congenital CMV; (8) most obstetrician/gynecologists do not counsel women about prevention of congenital CMV; (9) most women view CMV prevention messages positively. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cannon, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mcannon@cdc.gov RI Cannon, Michael/E-5894-2011 OI Cannon, Michael/0000-0001-5776-5010 NR 47 TC 81 Z9 85 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 46 BP S6 EP S10 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2009.09.002 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 537JP UT WOS:000273109500002 PM 19800841 ER PT J AU Grosse, SD Dollard, S Ross, DS Cannon, M AF Grosse, Scott D. Dollard, Sheila Ross, Danielle S. Cannon, Michael TI Newborn screening for congenital cytomegalovirus: Options for hospital-based and public health programs SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Congenital Cytomegalovirus Conference CY NOV 05-07, 2008 CL Atlanta, GA DE Cytomegalovirus; Newborn screening; Policy; Public health ID CHILDHOOD HEARING IMPAIRMENT; COCHLEAR IMPLANTATION; CMV INFECTION; LANGUAGE ABILITY; CHILDREN; DISEASE; AGE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATION; CRITERIA AB Background: Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a leading cause of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and developmental disability in children. Early identification of infected children through screening could allow for early intervention and improvement in functional outcomes among the subset who develop sequelae. Objectives: To outline potential options and strategies for screening newborns for congenital CMV infection and to discuss barriers to screening and data needs to inform future policy decisions. Study design: Commentary based on the literature and expert opinion on newborn dried blood spot screening, newborn hearing screening/Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) programs, and congenital CMV. Results: Although no population-based screening for congenital CMV is underway, pilot newborn screening studies using a variety of assays with urine or dried blood spot specimens are underway. Challenges to screening are both practical-uncertain sensitivity of blood spot assays suitable for large-scale screening and lack of infrastructure for collection of urine specimens; and evidentiary-the need to demonstrate improved outcomes and value of screening to offset the expense and potential adverse psychosocial consequences for children and families whose children require periodic monitoring but never develop sequelae. Conclusions: Screening for congenital CMV infection is a potentially important intervention that merits additional research, including the logistical feasibility of different screening options and psychosocial consequences for families. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Grosse, Scott D.; Ross, Danielle S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dollard, Sheila; Cannon, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-88, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgrosse@cdc.gov RI Cannon, Michael/E-5894-2011 OI Cannon, Michael/0000-0001-5776-5010 NR 54 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 46 BP S32 EP S36 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2009.08.019 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 537JP UT WOS:000273109500007 PM 19783205 ER PT J AU Ford, ES Zhao, GX Li, CY Pearson, WS AF Ford, Earl S. Zhao, Guixiang Li, Chaoyang Pearson, William S. TI Serum concentrations of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone and prevalent metabolic syndrome among adults in the United States SO JOURNAL OF DIABETES LA English DT Article DE metabolic syndrome; parathyroid hormone; vitamin D AB Background: Some reports suggest that concentrations of vitamin D are inversely, whereas concentrations of parathyroid hormone (PTH) are directly, associated with prevalent metabolic syndrome. Because of lingering uncertainty about these associations, we examined the cross-sectional associations between serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3 and PTH with metabolic syndrome in a representative sample of adults in the US. Methods: We used data from 1705 participants in the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Vitamin D was measured by radioimmunoassay, whereas PTH was measured using an electrochemiluminescent process. Results: The mean concentration of vitamin D for participants with and without metabolic syndrome was 20.3 and 22.9 ng/mL, respectively (P = 0.001). The mean concentration of PTH for participants with and without metabolic syndrome was 44.5 and 41.0 pg/mL, respectively (P = 0.002). The age-adjusted mean concentrations of vitamin D (P for linear trend < 0.001) decreased linearly, whereas PTH (P for linear trend = 0.002) increased linearly, as the number of components of metabolic syndrome increased. After adjusting for age, gender, physical activity, urinary albumin creatinine ratio, and concentrations of C-reactive protein and calcium, concentrations in the highest quintile of vitamin D [prevalence ratio (PR) = 0.59; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.44-0.79], but not PTH (PR = 1.18; 95% CI 0.97-1.43), was significantly associated with prevalent metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Concentrations of vitamin D, but not PTH, were significantly associated with prevalent metabolic syndrome among US adults. C1 [Ford, Earl S.; Zhao, Guixiang; Li, Chaoyang; Pearson, William S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM eford@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1753-0393 J9 J DIABETES JI J. Diabetes PD DEC PY 2009 VL 1 IS 4 BP 296 EP 303 DI 10.1111/j.1753-0407.2009.00046.x PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA V24MT UT WOS:000208415200025 PM 20923530 ER PT J AU Fanti, KA Brookmeyer, KA Henrich, CC Kuperminc, GP AF Fanti, Kostas A. Brookmeyer, Kathryn A. Henrich, Christopher C. Kuperminc, Gabriel P. TI Aggressive Behavior and Quality of Friendships Linear and Curvilinear Associations SO JOURNAL OF EARLY ADOLESCENCE LA English DT Article DE middle school; aggression; peer relationship; friendship; gender differences ID SOCIAL-STATUS; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; PEER ATTACHMENT; ADOLESCENCE; BOYS; CONFIGURATIONS; PERSPECTIVE; BELIEFS; PARENT; GIRLS AB The current study investigates linear and curvilinear associations between overt aggressive behavior and the adolescents' reports of the quality of their friendships over time. Moderation by gender was also investigated. The sample consisted of 246 boys and 253 girls from the sixth and seventh grades of a large public middle school. Findings suggested a curvilinear association between aggression and friendship quality for boys such that nonaggressive and highly aggressive boys tended to perceive their relationships with friends more positively than did boys who exhibited moderate levels of overt aggression. In contrast, a negative linear association was found between aggression and friendship quality for girls. These findings provide evidence that the association between friendship quality and overt aggression is a complex phenomenon and point to the importance of examining gender differences and the curvilinear association between aggression and friendship quality. C1 [Fanti, Kostas A.] Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. [Brookmeyer, Kathryn A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Henrich, Christopher C.; Kuperminc, Gabriel P.] Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Fanti, KA (reprint author), Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. OI Fanti, Kostas/0000-0002-3484-7483 NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 14 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0272-4316 EI 1552-5449 J9 J EARLY ADOLESCENCE JI J. Early Adolesc. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 29 IS 6 BP 826 EP 838 DI 10.1177/0272431609332819 PG 13 WC Family Studies; Psychology, Developmental SC Family Studies; Psychology GA 515OZ UT WOS:000271483000003 ER PT J AU Dolan, MC Jordan, RA Schulze, TL Schulze, CJ Manning, MC Ruffolo, D Schmidt, JP Piesman, J Karchesy, JJ AF Dolan, Marc C. Jordan, Robert A. Schulze, Terry L. Schulze, Christopher J. Manning, Mark Cornell Ruffolo, Daniel Schmidt, Jason P. Piesman, Joseph Karchesy, Joseph J. TI Ability of Two Natural Products, Nootkatone and Carvacrol, to Suppress Ixodes scapularis and Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) in a Lyme Disease Endemic Area of New Jersey SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ixodes scapularis; Amblyomma americanum; nootkatone; carvacrol; tick control ID HUMAN GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIOSIS; FOREST FLOOR ARTHROPODS; GRANULAR DELTAMETHRIN; SAMPLING METHODS; CAUSATIVE AGENT; NORTH-AMERICA; DAMMINI ACARI; ESSENTIAL OIL; TICKS; CONNECTICUT AB We evaluated the ability of the natural, plant-derived acaricides nootkatone and carvacrol to suppress ixodes scapularis Say and Amblyomma americanum (L.) (Acari: Ixodidae). Aqueous formulations of 1 and 5% nootkatone applied by backpack sprayer to the forest litter layer completely suppressed L scapularis nymphs through 2 d. Thereafter, the level of reduction gradually declined to <= 50% at 28 d postapplication. Against A. americanum nymphs, 1% nootkatone was less effective, but at a 5% concentration, the level of control was similar or greater to that observed with L scapularis through 21 d postapplication. Initial applications of 0.05% carvacrol were ineffective, but a 5% carvacrol formulation completely suppressed nymphs of both species through 2 d and resulted in significant reduction in I. scapularis and A. americanum nymphs through 28 and 14 d postapplication, respectively. Backpack sprayer applications of 5% nootkatone to the shrub and litter layers resulted in 100% control of I. scapularis adults through 6 d, but the level of reduction declined to 71.5% at 28 d postapplication. By contrast, high-pressure applications of 2% nootkatone to the litter layer resulted in 96.2-100% suppression of both L scapularis and A. americanum nymphs through 42 d, whereas much lower control was obtained from the same formulation applied by backpack sprayer. Backpack sprayer application of a 3.1% nootkatone nanoemulsion resulted in 97.5-98.9 and 99.3-100% reduction in I. scapularis and A. americanum nymphs, respectively, at 1 d postapplication. Between 7 d and 35 d postapplication, the level of control varied between 57.1% and 92.5% for L scapularis and between 78.5 and 97.1% for A. americanum nymphs. The ability of natural products to quickly suppress and maintain significant control of populations of these medically important ticks at relatively low concentrations may represent a future alternative to the use of conventional synthetic acaricides. C1 [Dolan, Marc C.; Schmidt, Jason P.; Piesman, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Publ Hlth Serv,US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Jordan, Robert A.; Schulze, Terry L.] Freehold Area Hlth Dept, Freehold, NJ 07728 USA. [Schulze, Terry L.; Schulze, Christopher J.] Terry L Schulze PhD Inc, Perrineville, NJ 08535 USA. [Manning, Mark Cornell; Ruffolo, Daniel] Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO 80534 USA. [Karchesy, Joseph J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Dolan, MC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Publ Hlth Serv,US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mcd4@cdc.gov FU NCEZID CDC HHS [1U01CK000105-1] NR 39 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 4 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 102 IS 6 BP 2316 EP 2324 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 529CH UT WOS:000272492800038 PM 20069863 ER PT J AU Blake, R AF Blake, Rob TI A New Reality for Environmental Health SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 CDC, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Blake, R (reprint author), CDC, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,NE,MS F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rgblake@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD DEC PY 2009 VL 72 IS 5 BP 42 EP 46 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 528ZX UT WOS:000272486600007 PM 20063611 ER PT J AU Marcus, R Hurd, S Mank, L Mishar, P Phan, Q Jackson, K Watarida, K Salfinger, Y Kim, S Ishida, ML Kissler, B AF Marcus, Ruthanne Hurd, Sharon Mank, Laurn Mishar, Patricia Phan, Quyen Jackson, Kelly Watarida, Kara Salfinger, Yvonne Kim, Sun Ishida, Maria L. Kissler, Bonnie TI Chicken Salad as the Source of a Case of Listeria monocytogenes Infection in Connecticut SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; INVASIVE LISTERIOSIS; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; CONSUMPTION; GASTROENTERITIS; MEAT; CHEESE; MILK; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ASSOCIATION AB Listeriosis is a severe infection with high morbidity and mortality. We report a fatal case of listeriosis in a patient with a history of Crohn's disease who consumed chicken salad purchased from a retail food establishment before developing listeriosis. As part of the regulatory testing programs, the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service and the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Affairs found that chicken products from a single food-production establishment were contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes, resulting in a product recall. The case patient's Listeria isolate was subtyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and matched the Listeria isolates from the recalled chicken products. Identification of the source of Listeria involved collaboration among two state public health laboratories and epidemiologists and state and federal regulatory agencies. PFGE typing can be used to reveal correlations between clusters of human illness and contaminated food products and to rapidly identify sources of Listeria infection to allow implementation of corrective actions at both the state and national levels. C1 [Marcus, Ruthanne; Hurd, Sharon] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. [Mank, Laurn] State Publ Hlth Lab, Hartford, CT 06134 USA. [Mishar, Patricia; Phan, Quyen] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT 06134 USA. [Jackson, Kelly] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Watarida, Kara] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Hinton State Lab Inst, Jamaica Plain, MA 02130 USA. [Salfinger, Yvonne; Kim, Sun; Ishida, Maria L.] Bur Food Labs, Div Food Safety, Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. [Kissler, Bonnie] Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Appl Epidemiol Div, Off Publ Hlth Sci, USDA, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Marcus, R (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. EM ruthanne.marcus@yale.edu FU Connecticut Emerging Infections Program, a Cooperative Agreement with the CDC [5 U01 C1000307-05] FX We thank Aristea Kinney and Charles Welles (Connecticut State Health Department Laboratory) and Tracy Stiles. MS, M(ASCP) (Massachusetts Department of Public Health) for laboratory Support and Lyndsey Caulkins (Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services) and the PulseNel National Database Team for generating statistics. Kristin Holt, DVM, MPH, and Wu San Chen, MD. MPH (FSIS) for their assistance during the investigation and James L. Hadler, MD. MPH, for his thoughtful insight on the manuscript. This publication was supported by the Connecticut Emerging Infections Program, a Cooperative Agreement (5 U01 C1000307-05) with the CDC. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 72 IS 12 BP 2602 EP 2606 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 530OY UT WOS:000272603400023 PM 20003746 ER PT J AU Lessa, FC Gould, PL Pascoe, N Erdman, DD Lu, XY Bunning, ML Marconi, VC Lott, L Widdowson, MA Anderson, LJ Srinivasan, A AF Lessa, Fernanda C. Gould, Philip L. Pascoe, Neil Erdman, Dean D. Lu, Xiaoyan Bunning, Michel L. Marconi, Vincent C. Lott, Lisa Widdowson, Marc-Alain Anderson, Larry J. Srinivasan, Arjun TI Health Care Transmission of a Newly Emergent Adenovirus Serotype in Health Care Personnel at a Military Hospital in Texas, 2007 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY-DISEASE; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; GENOME TYPE; OUTBREAK; INFECTIONS; FACILITY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PNEUMONIA; TRAINEES; VACCINES AB Background. Adenoviruses can cause outbreaks of febrile respiratory illness in military trainees, but until 2007, adenovirus serotype 14 (Ad14) was never associated with such outbreaks. From April through June 2007, 15 trainees at one base were hospitalized for pneumonia due to Ad14. Subsequent reports of febrile respiratory illness among health care personnel suggested nosocomial transmission. Methods. Health care personnel participants completed a questionnaire and provided blood and nasal wash specimens for Ad14 diagnostic testing. We defined a confirmed case of Ad14 infection as one with titers >= 1:80 or nasal wash specimens positive for Ad14 by polymerase chain reaction, whereas a possible case was defined by titers of 1: 20 or 1:40. We also collected environmental samples. Results. Among 218 tested health care personnel, 35 (16%) had titers >= 1:20; of these, 7 had possible cases and 28 had confirmed cases of infection. Confirmed case patients were more likely to report febrile respiratory illness (57% vs 11%; P < .001) and to have had direct contact with patients with Ad14 infection (82% vs 62%; P = .001). Of the 23 confirmed case patients with direct contact with Ad14-infected patients, 52% reported that patients were not in contact and droplet precautions at the time of exposure. Ad14 was recovered from several hospital surfaces. Conclusion. Our findings of possible nosocomial transmission of Ad14 highlight the need to reinforce infection control guidelines. C1 [Lessa, Fernanda C.; Srinivasan, Arjun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lessa, Fernanda C.; Gould, Philip L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gould, Philip L.; Erdman, Dean D.; Lu, Xiaoyan; Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Anderson, Larry J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pascoe, Neil] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Bunning, Michel L.] USAF, Air Force Med Operat Agcy, Kelly AFB, TX USA. [Marconi, Vincent C.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. [Lott, Lisa] Off Surg Gen, Modernizat Directorate, Adv Diagnost Lab, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Lessa, FC (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM flessa@cdc.gov RI Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014; OI Marconi, Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689; Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933 FU Office of Workforce and Career Development; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Financial support: This investigation was supported by the Office of Workforce and Career Development, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 30 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 200 IS 11 BP 1759 EP 1765 DI 10.1086/647987 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 518AP UT WOS:000271662100020 PM 19842979 ER PT J AU Asfaw, A Pana-Cryan, R AF Asfaw, Abay Pana-Cryan, Regina TI The Impact of Self-Insuring for Workers' Compensation on the Incidence Rates of Worker Injury and Illness SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES; INSURANCE; HEALTH; SAFETY AB Objective: There is moderate evidence that workers in experience-rated firms sustain less injuries when compared with workers in firms that are not experience rated. This study aims to provide more insight on this issue. Methods: Panel data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and National Academy of Social Insurance between 1999 and 2006 were used. A. theoretical framework was developed, and a fixed effects vector decomposition model was estimated. Results: Self-insuring was positively associated with relatively low worker injury and illness incidence rates when compared with insuring (including experience rating and manually rating). After controlling for workforce characteristics, industrial composition, firm size, and state-specific laws, states with an above the median percentage of self-insured firms had incidence rates that were lower than rates in states with a below the median percentage of self-insured firms. Conclusion: A higher degree of' experience rating seems to better align the economic incentive to invest in prevention and the intended outcome of reducing worker injury and illness. (J Occup Environ Med. 2009;51:1466-1473) C1 [Asfaw, Abay; Pana-Cryan, Regina] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Asfaw, A (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Suite 9200,Patriots Plaza,395 E St,SW, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM hqp0@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 51 IS 12 BP 1466 EP 1473 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181c16373 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 531FE UT WOS:000272648300017 PM 19952789 ER PT J AU Weinkopff, T Atwood, JA Punkosdy, GA Moss, D Weatherly, DB Orlando, R Lammie, P AF Weinkopff, Tiffany Atwood, James A., III Punkosdy, George A. Moss, Delynn Weatherly, D. Brent Orlando, Ron Lammie, Patrick TI IDENTIFICATION OF ANTIGENIC BRUGIA ADULT WORM PROTEINS BY PEPTIDE MASS FINGERPRINTING SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXCRETORY-SECRETORY PRODUCTS; FILARIASIS-ENDEMIC AREA; LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS; WUCHERERIA-BANCROFTI; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS; PARASITE ANTIGENS; LYMPHEDEMA GRADE; INFECTION STATUS; MALAYI AB With the recent completion of the Brugia malayi genome, proteomics offers anew resource for a deeper understanding of the biology of filarial parasites. We employed 2-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis followed by peptide mass fingerprinting on a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-ToF) mass spectrometer to identify Brugia adult worm proteins and then determined which proteins were recognized by the host humoral immune response. We identified 18 unique proteins, several of which were determined to be antigenic by immunoblot. The proteins identified here may contribute to future studies to analyze the transmission and pathogenesis of lymphatic filariasis. C1 [Weinkopff, Tiffany; Atwood, James A., III; Punkosdy, George A.; Moss, Delynn; Weatherly, D. Brent; Orlando, Ron; Lammie, Patrick] Univ Georgia, Dept Cell Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Lammie, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Parasit Dis Branch, Div Parasit Dis, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F36, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM pjl1@cdc.gov FU Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases [T32 AI 060546] FX This work has been supported by training grant to the Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases (T32 AI 060546), with additional support from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Emerging Infectious Disease Program. We thank Dr. Tracy Andacht (University of Georgia [UGA], Athens, Georgia) for her skillful technical assistance. Thanks also go to Dr. David Finegold (University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania), Dr. Jeff Silva (Waters Corporation, Milford, Massachusetts), and Dr. Lance Wells (UGA) for their helpful advice. We also thank Sara Butler (CDC, Atlanta, Georgia) and the Graduate Committee of Miss Weinkopff for their critical reading of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 95 IS 6 BP 1429 EP 1435 DI 10.1645/GE-2083.1 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 549QJ UT WOS:000274068400027 PM 19537848 ER PT J AU Blackmon, LR Barfield, WD Stark, AR AF Blackmon, L. R. Barfield, W. D. Stark, A. R. TI Hospital neonatal services in the United States: variation in definitions, criteria, and regulatory status, 2008 SO JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE neonatal intensive care; neonatal levels of care; regional perinatal care; Medicaid; Guidelines for Perinatal Care; Title V ID REGIONAL-VARIATION; INTENSIVE-CARE AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe variation among states in designations of hospital neonatal services levels. Study Design: We systematically searched all 50 states and District of Columbia governmental web sites and extracted definitions and levels terminology, functional and utilization criteria, regulatory compliance and funding measures, and citation of American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) documents on levels of neonatal care. Result: Thirty-three states designate multiple graduated levels of neonatal services. Two to six levels were designated by numbers, titles, or both. Regulatory sources include hospital licensure, Certificate of Need or State Health Plan (CON/SHP), State Health Department, or an affiliated non-governmental entity (SHD/affiliate). Twenty-four states have a single source and nine have two or more. Functional criteria include population characteristics, respiratory care capabilities, and neonatal and cardiac surgery in 25 states. Utilization criteria include capacity, volume, occupancy, or case mix. Compliance mechanisms include license renewal, CON/SHP approval, and/or SHD/affiliate certification. Thirteen states link funding for the highest level of care through Medicaid, Maternal Child Health Title V funds or regional programs. AAP documents are cited or incorporated by reference in 22 states. Conclusion: All states regulate health care services and facilities. Definitions, criteria, compliance mechanisms, and regulatory source and status of neonatal levels of service vary widely. A consistent national approach would facilitate comparisons in neonatal outcomes and resource use and be informative to parents, providers, and policy makers. AAP documents could serve as a mechanism to foster such consistency. Journal of Perinatology (2009) 29, 788-794; doi: 10.1038/jp.2009.148; published online 8 October 2009 C1 [Blackmon, L. R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Stark, A. R.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, Sect Neonatol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Barfield, W. D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maternal Child Hlth Epidemiol Team, Appl Sci Branch, Div Reprod Hlth,Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Blackmon, LR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, 4312 St Paul St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM lrblackmon@comcast.net NR 20 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0743-8346 J9 J PERINATOL JI J. Perinatol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 29 IS 12 BP 788 EP 794 DI 10.1038/jp.2009.148 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 529DD UT WOS:000272495100004 PM 19812583 ER PT J AU Katz, KA Kim, CY Williams, HC AF Katz, Kenneth A. Kim, Clara Y. Williams, Hywel C. TI Reporting clinical trials: Why one plus one does not equal two SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID 1-PERCENT PIMECROLIMUS; ATOPIC-DERMATITIS C1 [Katz, Kenneth A.; Kim, Clara Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Williams, Hywel C.] Nottingham Univ Hosp NHS Trust, Queens Med Ctr, Ctr Evidence Based Dermatol, Nottingham, England. RP Katz, KA (reprint author), 3851 Rosecrans St,Suite 207, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. EM Kenneth.Katz@gmail.com NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 61 IS 6 BP 1082 EP 1083 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2009.06.077 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 527DL UT WOS:000272346800024 PM 19925935 ER PT J AU Mackay, AJ Amador, M Diaz, A Smith, J Barrera, R AF Mackay, Andrew J. Amador, Manuel Diaz, Annette Smith, Josh Barrera, Roberto TI DYNAMICS OF AEDES AEGYPTI AND CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS IN SEPTIC TANKS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; Cidex quinquefasciatus; dengue; West Nile virus; ecology; Puerto Rico ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; PUERTO-RICO; CENTRAL NIGERIA; KEY CONTAINER; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; DENGUE; LARVAL; TRANSMISSION; MOSQUITOS AB Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus were found in large numbers emerging from septic tanks in Southern Puerto Rico during the dry season. Previous studies suggested that Ae. aegypti uses subterranean aquatic habitats only during dry periods when Surface containers do not have water. This research investigated whether septic tanks are alternative aquatic habitats that this mosquito uses during unfavorable times of the year, or whether Ae. aegypti uses this aquatic habitat throughout the year. To assess temporal Change, exit traps Were used to collect mosquitoes emerging from septic tanks in Playa/Playita, Southern Puerto Rico, from November 2006 to October 2007. We also investigated the hypotheses that 1) the production of Ae. aegypti in septic tanks was larger than in surface containers and 2) adult mosquitoes emerging from septic tanks were larger than those emerging from Surface containers. This study demonstrated that unsealed septic tanks produced large numbers of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus throughout the year, without any significant relationship with rainfall. The number of adult Ae. aegypti emerging per day from septic tanks in each community was 3 to 9 times larger than those produced in surface containers. It was also demonstrated that Ae. aegypti emerging from septic tanks were significantly larger than those emerging from surface container habitats. It is recommended that dengue prevention programs include regular inspection and maintenance of septic tanks in communities lacking sewerage. C1 [Mackay, Andrew J.; Amador, Manuel; Diaz, Annette; Barrera, Roberto] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. [Smith, Josh] Fairfax Cty Hlth Dept, Fairfax, VA USA. RP Mackay, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. NR 47 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 25 IS 4 BP 409 EP 416 DI 10.2987/09-5888.1 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 536FM UT WOS:000273029300002 PM 20099586 ER PT J AU Mutebi, JP Savage, HM AF Mutebi, John-Paul Savage, Harry M. TI DISCOVERY OF CULEX PIPIENS PIPIENS FORM MOLESTUS IN CHICAGO SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Culex pipiens pipiens form molestus; autogeny; Chicago ID CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; IDENTIFICATION AB A population of Culex pipiens pipiens form molestus was detected in a drainage sump in Calumet Water Reclamation Plant on the South Side of Chicago, IL. This is the first documented collection of a molestus population within the city of Chicago and the second collection of a molestus population in the Chicago metropolitan area in >60 years. Field-collected specimens were used to initiate a colony without bloodfeeding, and the colony is autogenous and stenogamous. C1 [Mutebi, John-Paul; Savage, Harry M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Mutebi, JP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 25 IS 4 BP 500 EP 503 DI 10.2987/09-5910.1 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 536FM UT WOS:000273029300014 PM 20099597 ER PT J AU Domeika, M Savicheva, A Sokolovskiy, E Frigo, N Brilene, T Hallen, A Unemo, M Ballard, RC Ward, M AF Domeika, M. Savicheva, A. Sokolovskiy, E. Frigo, N. Brilene, T. Hallen, A. Unemo, M. Ballard, R. C. Ward, M. CA EE SRH Network TI Guidelines for the laboratory diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infections in East European countries SO JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Chlamydia trachomatis; Eastern Europe; guidelines; laboratory diagnosis ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; ACID AMPLIFICATION TESTS; LOW-RESOURCE COUNTRIES; VAGINAL SAMPLES; URINE SPECIMENS; PCR; QUALITY; RUSSIA; WOMEN AB The present guidelines aim to provide comprehensive information regarding the laboratory diagnosis of infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis in East European countries. These recommendations contain important information for laboratory staff working with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and/or STI-related issues. Individual East European countries may be required to make minor national adjustments to these guidelines as a result of lack of accessibility to some reagents or equipment, or laws in a specific country. C1 [Domeika, M.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Sci, Uppsala, Sweden. [Savicheva, A.] DO Ott Inst Obstet & Gynecol RAMS, Microbiol Lab, St Petersburg, Russia. [Sokolovskiy, E.] Pavlov State Med Univ, Dept Dermatol & Venerol, St Petersburg, Russia. [Frigo, N.] Cent Inst Skin & Venereal Dis, Microbiol Lab, Moscow, Russia. [Brilene, T.] Univ Tartu, Biomed Ctr, EE-50090 Tartu, Estonia. [Hallen, A.] Univ Uppsala Hosp, Dept Dermatol & Venerol, Uppsala, Sweden. [Unemo, M.] Orebro Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Microbiol, Orebro, Sweden. [Ballard, R. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ward, M.] Univ Southampton, Southampton SO9 5NH, Hants, England. RP Domeika, M (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Sci, Uppsala, Sweden. EM marius.domeika@medsci.uu.se FU Swedish Health Care Community, Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA) FX The present guidelines were written on behalf of Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) Network, STI Diagnostic Group, which is supported by grants from the East Europe Committee of the Swedish Health Care Community, Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA). Project coordinator Marius Domeika. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0926-9959 J9 J EUR ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 23 IS 12 BP 1353 EP 1363 DI 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2009.03328.x PG 11 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 517SG UT WOS:000271637200001 PM 19522706 ER PT J AU Buskin, SE Torno, MS Talkington, DF Zhang, M Jones, JL Butler, JC McNaghten, AD Dworkin, MS AF Buskin, Susan E. Torno, Mauro S. Talkington, Deborah F. Zhang, Ming Jones, Jeffrey L. Butler, Jay C. McNaghten, A. D. Dworkin, Mark S. TI Trends in Nephropathy Among HIV-Infected Patients SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE HIV/AIDS; kidney ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; SEGMENTAL GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS; HIV-1-ASSOCIATED NEPHROPATHY; DIALYSIS PATIENTS; INDINAVIR AB Background: Nephropathy complicates the course and adversely impacts on the prognosis of HIV-infected patients. We examined trends and correlates of all-cause nephropathy (ACN). Methods: Correlates of and trends in ACN were examined in the entire Adult/Adolescent Spectrum of HIV Disease longitudinal observational cohort. Patients were enrolled and followed in the cohort for a median period of 3 years between January 1990 and December 2003 in 11 US metropolitan areas. Results: The incidence of ACN rose among HIV-infected individuals through the mid-1990s, then declined. The proportion of patients with ACN. at the time of death increased over the study period. Black race, injection-drug use (IDU), indinavir, hypertension, diabetes, decreased CD4(+) lymphocyte count, increased viral load, and increased age were all highly associated with ACN. Discussion: Nephropathy represents an important health disparity impacting HIV-infected blacks and IDU with implications for mortality. C1 [Buskin, Susan E.] Prevent Div, HIV AIDS Program, Seattle, WA USA. [Buskin, Susan E.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Torno, Mauro S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Torno, Mauro S.] Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. [Talkington, Deborah F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jones, Jeffrey L.; McNaghten, A. D.; Dworkin, Mark S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Behav & Clin Surveillance Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Butler, Jay C.] Alaska Div Publ Hlth, Anchorage, AK USA. [Dworkin, Mark S.] Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Div Infect Dis, Springfield, IL 62761 USA. [Dworkin, Mark S.] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL USA. RP Buskin, SE (reprint author), 400 Yesler Way,3rd Floor, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM susan.buskin@kingcounty.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was funded in part by a cooperative agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL MED ASSOC PI WASHINGON PA 1012 10TH ST, N W, WASHINGON, DC 20001 USA SN 0027-9684 J9 J NATL MED ASSOC JI J. Natl. Med. Assoc. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 101 IS 12 BP 1205 EP 1213 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 536ZK UT WOS:000273082300002 PM 20070008 ER PT J AU Sigauque, B Roca, A Bassat, Q Morais, L Quinto, L Berenguera, A Machevo, S Bardaji, A Corachan, M Ribo, J Menendez, C Schuchat, A Flannery, B Soriano-Gabarro, M Alonso, PL AF Sigauque, Betuel Roca, Anna Bassat, Quique Morais, Luis Quinto, Llorenc Berenguera, Anna Machevo, Sonia Bardaji, Azucena Corachan, Manuel Ribo, Josep Menendez, Clara Schuchat, Anne Flannery, Brendan Soriano-Gabarro, Montse Alonso, Pedro L. TI Severe Pneumonia in Mozambican Young Children: Clinical and Radiological Characteristics and Risk Factors SO JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE Mozambique; children; pneumonia; risk factors; mortality ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; CHILDHOOD PNEUMONIA; AFRICAN CHILDREN; SOUTHERN MOZAMBIQUE; RURAL MOZAMBIQUE; HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN; MANHICA DISTRICT; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PREGNANT-WOMEN; DISEASE BURDEN AB Background: Pneumonia is a leading cause of hospitalization and death among children in Africa. We describe the clinical presentation of severe pneumonia among hospitalized children in a malaria endemic area with a high prevalence of HIV infection. Methods: As part of a 2-year prospective study of radiologically confirmed pneumonia, chest radiographs, malaria parasite counts and bacterial blood cultures were systematically performed for children 0-23 months admitted with severe pneumonia. Radiographs were interpreted according to WHO guidelines. HIV tests were performed during a 12-month period. Results: Severe pneumonia accounted for 16% of 4838 hospital admissions among children 0-23 months; 43% of episodes had endpoint consolidation, 15% were associated with bacteremia and 11% were fatal. Fever, cough > 3 days, crepitations, hypoxemia and absence of malaria parasitemia were associated with radiologically confirmed pneumonia. Nineteen per cent of children with severe pneumonia and 27% with radiologically confirmed pneumonia had clinical malaria. HIV-prevalence was 26% among children hospitalized with severe pneumonia and HIV-testing results. HIV infection, anaemia, malnutrition, hypoxemia and bacteremia were associated with fatal episodes of severe pneumonia. Conclusion: Treatment of admitted children with severe pneumonia is complicated in settings with prevalent HIV and malaria. Children with severe pneumonia and clinical malaria require antibiotic and antimalarial treatment. In addition to vertical programs, integrated approaches may greatly contribute to reduction of pneumonia-related mortality. C1 [Sigauque, Betuel] Minist Saude, Inst Nacl Saude, CISM, Maputo, Mozambique. [Sigauque, Betuel; Roca, Anna; Bassat, Quique; Ribo, Josep; Alonso, Pedro L.] Univ Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Hosp Clin, Barcelona Ctr Int Hlth Res CRESIB, E-08007 Barcelona, Spain. [Machevo, Sonia] Univ Eduardo Mondlane, Fac Med, Maputo, Mozambique. [Quinto, Llorenc; Bardaji, Azucena; Ribo, Josep; Menendez, Clara] Hosp Univ St Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain. [Schuchat, Anne; Flannery, Brendan; Soriano-Gabarro, Montse] CDC, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sigauque, B (reprint author), Minist Saude, Inst Nacl Saude, CISM, Rua 12C P 1929, Maputo, Mozambique. EM betuel.sigauque@manhica.net RI Bassat, Quique/P-2341-2016; OI Bassat, Quique/0000-0003-0875-7596; Berenguera, Anna/0000-0002-0889-2002 FU Spanish Agency for International Cooperation (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Spain); Program for Appropriate Technology in Health [GAT. 770-790-01350-LPS]; World Health Organization [I8-181-1200]; U.S. Agency for International Development FX CISM core funding is provided by the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Spain). The study was supported by funds from The Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (GAT. 770-790-01350-LPS) and the World Health Organization (I8-181-1200). M Soriano-Gabarro currently works at GSK Biologicals, Belgium. Other authors declare no conflicts of interest. The study also received partial support from the U.S. Agency for International Development. NR 42 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0142-6338 J9 J TROP PEDIATRICS JI J. Trop. Pediatr. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 55 IS 6 BP 379 EP 387 DI 10.1093/tropej/fmp030 PG 9 WC Pediatrics; Tropical Medicine SC Pediatrics; Tropical Medicine GA 528RX UT WOS:000272465500007 PM 19401405 ER PT J AU Almeida, CE Marcet, PL Gumiel, M Takiya, DM Cardozo-de-Almeida, M Pacheco, RS Lopes, CM Dotson, EM Costa, J AF Almeida, Carlos Eduardo Marcet, Paula L. Gumiel, Marcia Takiya, Daniela Maeda Cardozo-de-Almeida, Margareth Pacheco, Raquel S. Lopes, Catarina Macedo Dotson, Ellen M. Costa, Jane TI Phylogenetic and phenotypic relationships among Triatoma carcavalloi (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) and related species collected in domiciles in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Triatoma carcavalloi; mitochondrial DNA; morphometry; Chagas disease ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA SEQUENCES; RUBROVARIA BLANCHARD; CHAGAS-DISEASE; BRASILIENSIS NEIVA; TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI; 5 POPULATIONS; VECTOR; PATTERNS; SORDIDA AB Triatoma carcavalloi is considered a rare Chagas disease vector often collected inside domiciles in Rio Grande do Sul State. In this Brazilian state, T. carcavalloi has been collected in the same ecotope (rock piles) with two other species (T. rubrovaria and T. circummaculata), with which it also shares morphological characteristics. Previous morphological studies placed T. carcavalloi in the same species complex ("infestans complex") and subcomplex ("rubrovaria subcomplex") as T. rubrovaria, whereas T. circummaculata was placed in the "circummaculata complex." The phylogeny of a group composed of 16 species of triatomines was revaluated with the inclusion of T. carcavalloi by Bayesian analysis using mtDNA sequences of subunits 12S and 16S of the ribosomal RNA, and the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) genes. The phenotypic relationship among T. carcavalloi and related triatomines was also inferred from morphometrics. Phylogenetic results indicate that T. carcavalloi is a sister species of T. rubrovaria, and both were recovered as closely related to T. circummaculata. Morphometric studies confirmed the closeness among T. carcavalloi, T. rubrovaria, and T. circummaculata, prompting the placement of the latter species in the "infestans complex" and "rubrovaria subcomplex.". C1 [Almeida, Carlos Eduardo; Gumiel, Marcia; Costa, Jane] Fiocruz MS, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Biodiversidade Entomol, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Marcet, Paula L.; Dotson, Ellen M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Takiya, Daniela Maeda] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Zool, Entomol Lab, BR-21941971 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Cardozo-de-Almeida, Margareth; Lopes, Catarina Macedo] Fiocruz MS, IOC, Lab Transmissores Leishmanioses, Setor Morfol Ultraestrutura & Bioquim Artropodes, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Pacheco, Raquel S.] Fiocruz MS, IOC, Lab Sistemat Bioquim, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Almeida, CE (reprint author), Fiocruz MS, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Biodiversidade Entomol, Av Brasil 4365, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RI Takiya, Daniela/E-4062-2012; Almeida, Carlos Eduardo/E-7983-2014; Costa, Jane /K-6997-2012; OI Takiya, Daniela/0000-0002-6233-3615; Marcet, Paula/0000-0002-0676-3020 FU National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); Strategic Program of Research in Health; Brazilian Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) FX This research was supported by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), the Strategic Program of Research in Health (PAPES 3/Oswaldo Cruz Foundation), and the Brazilian Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES). We acknowledge the technicians of Funasa for their essential help in the field; anonymous referees, Karen Haag, Marli M. Lima, and L. Lynnette Dornak for kindly and carefully reviewing the manuscript, and Paula Constancia Pinto Aderne Gomes for improving the pictures. NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY PI CORONA PA 1966 COMPTON AVE, CORONA, CA 92881 USA SN 1081-1710 J9 J VECTOR ECOL JI J. Vector Ecol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 34 IS 2 BP 164 EP 173 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 531GA UT WOS:000272650600001 PM 20836820 ER PT J AU Yang, GY Erdman, DD Tondella, ML Fields, BS AF Yang, Genyan (Patrick) Erdman, Dean D. Tondella, Maria L. Fields, Barry S. TI Evaluation of tetramethylrhodamine and black hole quencher 1 labeled probes and five commercial amplification mixes in TaqMan (R) real-time RT-PCR assays for respiratory pathogens SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE TAMRA (R); BHQ1 (R); One-step RT-PCR kit; Respiratory pathogens ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; DNA-POLYMERASES; STABILITY; FIDELITY; DUPLEX; DYES AB Tetra methylrhodamine (TAMRA (R)) and black hole quencher 1(BHQ1 (R)) quenched probes and five one-step RT-PCR kits were evaluated in TaqMan (R) real-time RT-PCR assays for detection of respiratory pathogens. The intra-assay variability of the BHQ1 (R) probes were 1.2-2.8-fold lower than those of the TAMRA (R) probes. All kits amplified the specific targets, but differed in their sensitivity by up to 3 orders of magnitude. The AgPath-ID (TM) kit provided the best overall performance for all assay targets. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Yang, Genyan (Patrick)] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Yang, GY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Resp Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gyang@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD DEC PY 2009 VL 162 IS 1-2 BP 288 EP 290 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.08.004 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 517BA UT WOS:000271586500045 PM 19699237 ER PT J AU Brady, TJ Jernick, SL Hootman, JM Sniezek, JE AF Brady, Teresa J. Jernick, Susan L. Hootman, Jennifer M. Sniezek, Joseph E. TI Public Health Interventions for Arthritis: Expanding the Toolbox of Evidence-Based Interventions SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID DISEASE SELF-MANAGEMENT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY PROGRAMS; IMPROVING PRIMARY-CARE; OLDER-ADULTS; EXERCISE PROGRAM; AQUATIC EXERCISE; UNITED-STATES; POTENTIAL BARRIER; PROMOTION PROGRAM AB Background: Since 1999, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Arthritis Program has worked to improve the quality of life for people with arthritis, in part by funding state health departments to disseminate physical activity (PA) and self-management education (SME) interventions. Initially, only one SME and two PA interventions were considered evidence-based and appropriate for people with arthritis. The purposes of this article are to describe the processes and criteria used to screen new or existing intervention programs and report the results of that screening, including an updated list of recommended intervention programs. Methods: A series of three sets of screening criteria was created in consultation with subject matter experts: arthritis appropriateness, adequacy of the evidence base, and implementability as a public health intervention. Screening interventions were categorized as Recommended, Promising Practices, Watch List, Future Possibility, or Unlikely to Meet criteria based on how well the intervention met the screening criteria. Results: A total of 15 packaged PA interventions and six SME interventions were screened. Three PA and three SME interventions met all three sets of criteria and were added to the list of recommended public health interventions for use by CDC-funded state arthritis programs. An additional two SME interventions are developing the infrastructure for public health dissemination and were categorized as Promising Practices, and six PA interventions have evaluations underway and are on the Watch List. Conclusions: The CDC Arthritis Program identified arthritis-appropriate interventions that can be used effectively and efficiently in public health settings to improve the quality of life of people with arthritis. The screening criteria used offer a guide to intervention developers on necessary characteristics of interventions for use in public health settings. The expanded menu of interventions is beneficial to clinical care and public health professionals and, ultimately, to people with arthritis. C1 [Brady, Teresa J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arthrit Program, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Brady, TJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arthrit Program, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MD K-51, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tob9@cdc.gov NR 66 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD DEC PY 2009 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1905 EP 1917 DI 10.1089/jwh.2009.1571 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 538TI UT WOS:000273206500001 PM 20044851 ER PT J AU Godfrey, JR Harpaz, R Markowitz, LE Godfrey, J AF Godfrey, Jodi R. Harpaz, Rafael Markowitz, Lauri E. Godfrey, Jodi TI Toward Optimal Health: A Review of Vaccine Recommendations for Women SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; HERPES-ZOSTER; UNITED-STATES; PREGNANCY C1 [Godfrey, Jodi R.] CDC, Womens Hlth & Fertil Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Harpaz, Rafael] CDC, Natl Ctr Infect & Resp Dis, US Publ Hlth Serv, Herpes Virus Team, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Godfrey, JR (reprint author), Journal Womens Hlth, 31 Macopin Ave, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA. EM jgodfrey31@gmail.com NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD DEC PY 2009 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1919 EP 1922 DI 10.1089/jwh.2009.1877 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 538TI UT WOS:000273206500002 ER PT J AU Black, S Eskola, J Siegrist, CA Halsey, N MacDonald, N Law, B Miller, E Andrews, N Stowe, J Salmon, D Vannice, K Izurieta, HS Akhtar, A Gold, M Oselka, G Zuber, P Pfeifer, D Vellozzi, C AF Black, Steven Eskola, Juhani Siegrist, Claire-Anne Halsey, Neal MacDonald, Noni Law, Barbara Miller, Elizabeth Andrews, Nick Stowe, Julia Salmon, Daniel Vannice, Kirsten Izurieta, Hector S. Akhtar, Aysha Gold, Mike Oselka, Gabriel Zuber, Patrick Pfeifer, Dina Vellozzi, Claudia TI Importance of background rates of disease in assessment of vaccine safety during mass immunisation with pandemic H1N1 influenza vaccines SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; EVENT REPORTING SYSTEM; SPONTANEOUS-ABORTION; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; OPTIC NEURITIS; YOUNG-ADULTS; SUDDEN-DEATH; RISK; POPULATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Because of the advent of a new influenza A H1N1. strain, many countries have begun mass immunisation programmes. Awareness of the background rates of possible adverse events will be a crucial part of assessment of possible vaccine safety concerns and will help to separate legitimate safety concerns from events that are temporally associated with but not caused by vaccination. We identified background rates of selected medical events for several countries. Rates of disease events varied by age, sex, method of ascertainment, and geography. Highly visible health conditions, such as Guillain-Barre syndrome, spontaneous abortion, or even death, will occur in coincident temporal association with novel influenza vaccination. On the basis of the reviewed data, if a cohort of 10 million individuals was vaccinated in the UK, 21.5 cases of Guillain-Barre syndrome and 5.75 cases of sudden death would be expected to occur within 6 weeks of vaccination as coincident background cases. In female vaccinees in the USA, 86.3 cases of optic neuritis per 10 million population would be expected within 6 weeks of vaccination. 397 per 1 million vaccinated pregnant women would be predicted to have a spontaneous abortion within 1 day of vaccination. C1 [Black, Steven] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Ctr Global Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Black, Steven] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Eskola, Juhani] Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Helsinki, Finland. [Siegrist, Claire-Anne] Univ Geneva, Ctr Vaccinol & Neonatal Immunol, Dept Pediat, Geneva, Switzerland. [Halsey, Neal] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Inst Vaccine Safety, Baltimore, MD USA. [MacDonald, Noni] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Law, Barbara] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Vaccine Safety Sect, Ctr Immunizat & Resp Infect Dis, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Miller, Elizabeth; Andrews, Nick; Stowe, Julia] Hlth Protect Agcy, Ctr Infect, London, England. [Salmon, Daniel; Vannice, Kirsten] Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Natl Vaccine Program Off, Washington, DC USA. [Izurieta, Hector S.; Akhtar, Aysha] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Gold, Mike] Univ Adelaide, Discipline Paediat, Sch Paediat & Reprod Hlth, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Oselka, Gabriel] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Pediat, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Zuber, Patrick; Pfeifer, Dina] WHO, Qual Safety & Stand Team, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Vellozzi, Claudia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Black, S (reprint author), Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Ctr Global Hlth, 3333 Burnet Ave,MLC 2048, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. EM Steven.Black1@cchmc.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Department of Health and Human Services; WHO; US Food and Drug Administration; UK Health Protection Agency FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Department of Health and Human Services, WHO, the US Food and Drug Administration, or the UK Health Protection Agency. NR 44 TC 115 Z9 117 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD DEC-JAN PY 2009 VL 374 IS 9707 BP 2115 EP 2122 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61877-8 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 537OO UT WOS:000273122900035 PM 19880172 ER PT J AU Guy, R Gold, J Calleja, JMG Kim, AA Parekh, B Busch, M Rehle, T Hargrove, J Remis, RS Kaldor, JM AF Guy, Rebecca Gold, Judy Calleja, Jesus M. Garcia Kim, Andrea A. Parekh, Bharat Busch, Michael Rehle, Thomas Hargrove, John Remis, Robert S. Kaldor, John M. CA WHO Working Grp HIV Incidence TI Accuracy of serological assays for detection of recent infection with HIV and estimation of population incidence: a systematic review SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID CAPTURE ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; VIRUS TYPE-1 INFECTIONS; AVIDITY INDEX METHOD; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; TESTING ALGORITHM; PERFORMANCE-CHARACTERISTICS; SAN-FRANCISCO; SEROCONVERSION; SEROINCIDENCE; IDENTIFICATION AB We systematically reviewed the accuracy of serological tests for recent infections with HIV that have become widely used for measuring population patterns incidence of HIV. Across 13 different assays, sensitivity to detect recent infections ranged from 42-100% (median 89%). Specificity for detecting established infections was between 49.5% and 100% (median 86.8%) and was higher for infections of durations longer than 1 year (median 98%, range 31.5-100.0). For four different assays, comparisons were made between assay-derived population incidence estimates and a reference incidence estimate. The median percentage difference between the assay-derived incidence and reference incidence was 26.0%. Serological assays have reasonable sensitivity for the detection of recent infection with HIV, but are vulnerable to misclassifying established infections as recent-potentially leading to biases in incidence estimates. This conclusion is highly qualified by the apparent absence of a standardised approach to assay evaluation. There is an urgent need for an internationally agreed framework for evaluating and comparing these tests. C1 [Guy, Rebecca; Kaldor, John M.] Univ New S Wales, Natl Ctr HIV Epidemiol & Clin Res, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. [Guy, Rebecca; Gold, Judy] Burnet Inst, Ctr Populat Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Calleja, Jesus M. Garcia] WHO, HIV AIDS Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Kim, Andrea A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Strateg Informat Branch, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Parekh, Bharat] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Serol Incidence & Diagnost Team, GAP Int Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Busch, Michael] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. [Rehle, Thomas] Human Sci Res Council, Cape Town, South Africa. [Hargrove, John] S African Ctr Epidemiol Modelling & Anal, Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Remis, Robert S.] Univ Toronto, Dalla Lana Sch Publ Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Kaldor, JM (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Natl Ctr HIV Epidemiol & Clin Res, Level 2,376 Victoria St, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. EM jkalddor@nchecr.unsw.edu.au RI Kaldor, John /D-4545-2011; SULIGOI, BARBARA/C-6494-2016 FU Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing FX We acknowledge the assistance of Rebecca Jenkinson (Bumet Institute, Melbourne, Australia). We thank all authors who supplied additional unpublished information for inclusion in this Review. The National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research is funded by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing and is affiliated with the Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales. NR 57 TC 77 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 747 EP 759 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 526MA UT WOS:000272292000017 PM 19926035 ER PT J AU Wu, JZ Dong, RG McDowell, TW Welcome, DE AF Wu, John Z. Dong, Ren G. McDowell, Thomas W. Welcome, Daniel E. TI Modeling the finger joint moments in a hand at the maximal isometric grip: The effects of friction SO MEDICAL ENGINEERING & PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hand; Fingers; Handle; Multi-body dynamics; Inverse dynamics; Simulations ID DIAMETER; FORCES AB The interaction between the handle and operator's hand affects the comfort and safety of tool and machine operations. In most of the previous studies, the investigators considered only the normal contact forces. The effect of friction on the joint moments in fingers has not been analyzed. Furthermore, the observed contact forces have not been linked to the internal musculoskeletal loading in the previous experimental studies. In the current study, we proposed a universal model of a hand to evaluate the joint moments in the fingers during grasping tasks. The hand model was developed on the platform of the commercial software package AnyBody. Only four fingers (index, long, ring, and little finger) were included in the model. The anatomical structure of each finger is comprised of four phalanges (distal, middle, proximal, and metacarpal phalange). The simulations were performed using an inverse dynamics technique. The joint angles and the normal contact forces on each finger section reported by previous researchers were used as inputs, while the joint moments of each finger were predicted. The predicted trends of the dependence of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint moments on the cylinder diameter agree with those of the contact forces on the fingers observed in the previous experimental study. Our results show that the DIP and PIP joint moments reach their maximums at a cylinder diameter of about 31 mm, which is consistent with the trend of the finger contact forces measured in the experiments. The proposed approach will be useful for simulating musculoskeletal loading in the hand for occupational activities, thereby optimizing tool-handle design. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IPEM. C1 [Wu, John Z.; Dong, Ren G.; McDowell, Thomas W.; Welcome, Daniel E.] CDC, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Wu, JZ (reprint author), CDC, NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 2027, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM jwu@cdc.gov OI McDowell, Thomas/0000-0002-2416-2210 NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1350-4533 J9 MED ENG PHYS JI Med. Eng. Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 31 IS 10 BP 1214 EP 1218 DI 10.1016/j.medengphy.2009.07.018 PG 5 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 534UG UT WOS:000272922200002 PM 19700363 ER PT J AU Mitchell, SL Budhiraja, S Thurman, KA Thacker, WL Winchell, JM AF Mitchell, Stephanie L. Budhiraja, Sona Thurman, Kathleen A. Thacker, W. Lanier Winchell, Jonas M. TI Evaluation of two real-time PCR chemistries for the detection of Chlamydophila pneumoniae in clinical specimens SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE C. pneumoniae; Real-time PCR; Community-acquired pneumonia; CAP; TaqMan; LUX ID SEQUENCE-BASED AMPLIFICATION; CHLAMYDIA-PNEUMONIAE; MYCOPLASMA-PNEUMONIAE; STRAIN TWAR; RESPIRATORY SPECIMENS; INFECTION; PATHOGEN; OUTBREAK; SAMPLES; ASSAYS AB Chlamydophila pneumoniae is an atypical bacterial respiratory pathogen that is responsible for similar to 3-10% of community-acquired pneumonia cases. We report the evaluation of two distinct real-time PCR assays for rapid and specific detection of C. pneumoniae. We tested 401 clinical specimens, finding 5.7% positive, and confirmed a localized outbreak. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mitchell, Stephanie L.; Thurman, Kathleen A.; Thacker, W. Lanier; Winchell, Jonas M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Budhiraja, Sona] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Winchell, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jwinchell@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD DEC PY 2009 VL 23 IS 6 BP 309 EP 311 DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2009.07.005 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 523JK UT WOS:000272069100008 PM 19647071 ER PT J AU He, XQ Ma, Q AF He, Xiaoqing Ma, Qiang TI NRF2 Cysteine Residues Are Critical for Oxidant/Electrophile-Sensing, Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein-1-Dependent Ubiquitination-Proteasomal Degradation, and Transcription Activation SO MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIOXIDANT RESPONSE ELEMENT; OXIDATIVE STRESS; METALLOTHIONEIN-I; MICE LACKING; KEAP1; PROTECTION; INDUCTION; DEFENSE; ENZYMES; CARCINOGENESIS AB Cells respond to oxidants and electrophiles by activating receptor/transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) to coordinate the induction of cytoprotective genes critical for defense against oxidative and other stresses. Activation involves blocking the ubiquitination-proteasomal degradation of Nrf2. Modification of cysteine thiol groups by inducers in the linker region of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1), which congregates Nrf2 into the Keap1/Cul3 E3 complex for ubiquitination, is important but not sufficient for activation of Nrf2. Here we show that evolutionarily conserved cysteine residues of Nrf2 are critical for Nrf2 regulation. FlAsH (an arsenic-based fluorophore) and phenylarsine oxide (PAO) potently induce Nrf2 target genes and bind to Nrf2 in vitro and in vivo. Binding is inhibited by prototypical inducers arsenic and tert-butylhydroquinone. PAO affinity pull-down and mutation of individual cysteine to alanine reveal that Cys235, Cys311, Cys316, Cys414, and Cys506 are critical for binding, and binding is modulated by intramolecular interactions. To corroborate the functions of cysteine residues, Nrf2 wild-type or mutants are expressed in Nrf2 knockout cells to reconstitute Nrf2 regulation. Nrf2 mutants have reduced t(1/2) that inversely correlates with increased binding to Keap1 and polyubiquitination of mutant proteins. It is remarkable that the mutants fail to respond to arsenic for Nrf2 activation and gene induction. Furthermore, mutations at Cys119, Cys235, and Cys506 impede binding of Nrf2 to endogenous antioxidant response element and to coactivator cAMP response element-binding protein-binding protein/p300. The findings demonstrate that Nrf2 cysteine residues critically regulate oxidant/electrophile sensing, repress Keap1-dependent ubiquitination-proteasomal degradation, and promote recruitment of coactivators, such that chemical sensing, receptor activation, and transcription activation are integrated at the receptor molecule. C1 [He, Xiaoqing; Ma, Qiang] NIOSH, Receptor Biol Lab, TMBB, HELD,CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Ma, Qiang] W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Ma, Q (reprint author), NIOSH, Receptor Biol Lab, TMBB, HELD,CDC, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM qam1@cdc.gov FU National Institutes of Health National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX This work was supported by the Intramural Research program of the National Institutes of Health National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 35 TC 61 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0026-895X J9 MOL PHARMACOL JI Mol. Pharmacol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 76 IS 6 BP 1265 EP 1278 DI 10.1124/mol.109.058453 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 522WU UT WOS:000272031600014 PM 19786557 ER PT J AU Wimmer, E Mueller, S Tumpey, TM Taubenberger, JK AF Wimmer, Eckard Mueller, Steffen Tumpey, Terrence M. Taubenberger, Jeffery K. TI Synthetic viruses: a new opportunity to understand and prevent viral disease SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID 1918 PANDEMIC VIRUS; SPANISH INFLUENZA-VIRUS; COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; REVERSE GENETICS; A-VIRUSES; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; MESSENGER-RNA; CHEMICAL-SYNTHESIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; INFECTIOUS VIRUS AB Rapid progress in DNA synthesis and sequencing is spearheading the deliberate, large-scale genetic alteration of organisms. These new advances in DNA manipulation have been extended to the level of whole-genome synthesis, as evident from the synthesis of poliovirus, from the resurrection of the extinct 1918 strain of influenza virus and of human endogenous retroviruses and from the restructuring of the phage T7 genome. The largest DNA synthesized so far is the 582,970 base pair genome of Mycoplasma genitalium, although, as yet, this synthetic DNA has not been 'booted' to life. As genome synthesis is independent of a natural template, it allows modification of the structure and function of a virus's genetic information to an extent that was hitherto impossible. The common goal of this new strategy is to further our understanding of an organism's properties, particularly its pathogenic armory if it causes disease in humans, and to make use of this new information to protect from, or treat, human viral disease. Although only a few applications of virus synthesis have been described as yet, key recent findings have been the resurrection of the 1918 influenza virus and the generation of codon-and codon pair-deoptimized polioviruses. C1 [Wimmer, Eckard; Mueller, Steffen] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, New York, NY USA. [Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Taubenberger, Jeffery K.] NIAID, Infect Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Wimmer, E (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, New York, NY USA. EM ewimmer@ms.cc.sunysb.edu FU US National Institutes of Health ( NIH) [AI075219, AI15122]; US Defense Advanced Research Project Agency [N65236]; National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases ( NIAID) FX We are indebted to our colleagues who have participated in the work described here and who have in part edited the manuscript, particularly A. Paul and B. Futcher, and we thank J. Shendure, L. Steward and A. B. Burgin for information provided. The work described here was supported partially by US National Institutes of Health ( NIH) grants AI075219 and AI15122 and contract N65236 from the US Defense Advanced Research Project Agency to E. W.; and partially by the intramural research program of the NIH and the National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases ( NIAID). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author( s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agency. NR 109 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 3 U2 34 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1087-0156 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 27 IS 12 BP 1163 EP 1172 DI 10.1038/nbt.1593 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 531YC UT WOS:000272708300033 PM 20010599 ER PT J AU Lucchini, RG Martin, CJ Doney, BC AF Lucchini, Roberto G. Martin, Christopher J. Doney, Brent C. TI From Manganism to Manganese-Induced Parkinsonism: A Conceptual Model Based on the Evolution of Exposure SO NEUROMOLECULAR MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE Manganism; Manganese poisoning; Parkinsonian disorders; Occupational exposure; Neurotoxicity ID IDIOPATHIC PARKINSONISM; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; T1 HYPERINTENSITY; GLOBUS-PALLIDUS; WELDING-FUME; NEUROTOXICITY; DISEASE; IRON; PREVALENCE; TOXICITY AB Manganism is a distinct medical condition from Parkinson's disease. Manganese exposure scenarios in the last century generally have changed from the acute, high-level exposure conditions responsible for the occurrence of manganism to chronic exposure to much lower levels. Such chronic exposures may progressively extend the site of manganese deposition and toxicity from the globus pallidus to the entire area of the basal ganglia, including the substantia nigra pars compacta involved in Parkinson's disease. The mechanisms of manganese neurotoxicity from chronic exposure to very low levels are not well understood, but promising information is based on the concept of susceptibility that may place individuals exposed to manganese at a higher risk for developing Parkinsonian disturbances. These conditions include mutations of genes which play important pathogenetic roles in both Parkinsonism and in the regulation of manganese transport and metabolism. Liver function is also important in manganese-related neurotoxicity and sub-clinical impairment may increase the risk of Parkinsonism. The purpose and scope of this report are to explore the literature concerning manganese exposure and potential subclinical effects and biological pathways, impairment, and development of diseases such as Parkinsonism and manganism. Inhalation and ingestion of manganese will be the focus of this report. C1 [Lucchini, Roberto G.] Univ Brescia, Sect Occupat Hlth & Ind Hyg, Dept Expt & Appl Med, Brescia, Italy. [Martin, Christopher J.] W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Inst Occupat & Environm Hlth, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Doney, Brent C.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Doney, BC (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM bdoney@cdc.gov OI Lucchini, Roberto/0000-0002-9723-0237 NR 93 TC 69 Z9 73 U1 2 U2 14 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 1535-1084 J9 NEUROMOL MED JI Neuromol. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 11 IS 4 BP 311 EP 321 DI 10.1007/s12017-009-8108-8 PG 11 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 531PZ UT WOS:000272681600008 PM 20012385 ER PT J AU Bernert, JT Jacob, P Holiday, DB Benowitz, NL Sosnoff, CS Doig, MV Feyerabend, C Aldous, KM Sharifi, M Kellogg, MD Langman, LJ AF Bernert, John T. Jacob, Peyton, III Holiday, David B. Benowitz, Neal L. Sosnoff, Connie S. Doig, Mira V. Feyerabend, Colin Aldous, Kenneth M. Sharifi, Mehran Kellogg, Mark D. Langman, Loralie J. TI Interlaboratory comparability of serum cotinine measurements at smoker and nonsmoker concentration levels: A round-robin study SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NICOTINE; EXPOSURE; POPULATION; TRENDS AB Cotinine, the primary proximate metabolite of nicotine, is commonly measured as an index of exposure to tobacco in both active users of tobacco and nonsmokers with possible exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS). A number of laboratories have implemented analyses for measuring serum cotinine in recent years, but there have been few interlaboratory comparisons of the results. Among nonsmokers exposed to SHS, the concentration of cotinine in blood can be quite low, and extensive variability in these measurements has been reported in the past. In this study, a group of seven laboratories, all experienced in serum cotinine analysis, measured eight coded serum pools with concentrations ranging from background levels of about 0.05 ng/ml to relatively high concentrations in the active smokers range. All laboratories used either gas-liquid chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection or liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. All seven laboratories reliably measured the cotinine concentrations in samples that were within the range of their methods. In each case, the results for the pools were correctly ranked in order, and no significant interlaboratory bias was observed at the 5% level of significance for results from any of the pools. We conclude that present methods of chromatographic analysis of serum cotinine, as used by these experienced laboratories, are capable of providing accurate and precise results in both the smoker and the nonsmoker concentration range. C1 [Bernert, John T.; Sosnoff, Connie S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Jacob, Peyton, III; Benowitz, Neal L.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Holiday, David B.] RTI Int, Atlanta Reg Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Doig, Mira V.; Feyerabend, Colin] ABS Labs Ltd, Welwyn Garden City, Herts, England. [Aldous, Kenneth M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Biggs Lab, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Sharifi, Mehran] LabStat Int ULC, Kitchener, ON, Canada. [Kellogg, Mark D.] Childrens Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Langman, Loralie J.] Mayo Clin, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Rochester, MN USA. RP Bernert, JT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jtb2@cdc.gov OI Kellogg, Mark/0000-0003-1868-2153 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U59EH223392-05]; Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute; National Institutes of Health [DA12393] FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (JTB, DBH, and CSS; 5U59EH223392-05 to KMA) and by the Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute and the National Institutes of Health (DA12393 to PJ and NLB). NR 17 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 11 IS 12 BP 1458 EP 1466 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntp161 PG 9 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 524ZY UT WOS:000272184100009 PM 19933777 ER PT J AU Burns, K Hertel, N Ansari, A AF Burns, Kimberly Hertel, Nolan Ansari, Armin TI MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS TO DETERMINE DOSES TO HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS AFTER A RADIOLOGICAL DISPERSAL DEVICE EVENT SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding/15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division of American-Nuclear-Society CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mt, GA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE Monte Carlo simulation; radiological dispersal device; healthcare giver dose AB After a radiological dispersal device event, there may be internally and/or externally contaminated victims. Those with life-threatening injuries may require immediate medical assistance prior to decontamination. The dose rates to which a healthcare provider is exposed due to the internal and external contamination of the victim were computed using Monte Carlo simulations and five anthropomorphic phantoms. For the external contamination modeling, the contamination is assumed to be uniformly, distributed over the entire exterior of the victim's body. For the internal contamination modeling, the contamination was distributed in the appropriate organs according to biokinetic modeling. The specific isotopes considered were (60)Co, (137)CS, (131)I, (192)Ir, and (241)Am. The calculated dose rates demonstrate that life-saving care to stabilize critical patients can be provided without exceeding dose guidelines for first responders. C1 [Burns, Kimberly; Hertel, Nolan] Nucl & Radiol Program, GW Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Ansari, Armin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Radiat Studies Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effect, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Burns, K (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. EM kimberly.burns@pnl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 168 IS 3 BP 820 EP 823 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 524SS UT WOS:000272163800041 ER PT J AU Ackermann, RT Edelstein, SL Narayan, KMV Zhang, P Engelgau, MM Herman, WH Marrero, DG AF Ackermann, Ronald T. Edelstein, Sharon L. Narayan, K. M. Venkat Zhang, Ping Engelgau, Michael M. Herman, William H. Marrero, David G. CA Diabet Prevention Program Res Grp TI Changes in Health State Utilities With Changes in Body Mass in the Diabetes Prevention Program SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; SURVEY SF-36; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; DECISION-MAKING; VALIDITY; TESTS; QUESTIONNAIRE; PREFERENCES; RELIABILITY AB Health utilities are measures of health-related quality of life (HRQL) used in cost-effectiveness research. We evaluated whether changes in body weight were associated with changes in health utilities in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) and whether associations differed by treatment assignment (lifestyle intervention, metformin, placebo) or baseline obesity severity. We constructed physical (PCS-36) and mental component summary (MCS-36) subscales and short-form-6D (SF-6D) health utility index for all DPP participants completing a baseline 36-item short form (SF-36) HRQL assessment (N = 3,064). We used linear regression to test associations between changes in body weight and changes in HRQL indicators, while adjusting for other demographic and behavioral variables. Overall differences in HRQL between treatment groups were highly statistically significant but clinically small after 1 year. In multivariable models, weight change was independently associated with change in SF-6D score (increase of 0.007 for every 5 kg weight loss; P < 0.001), but treatment effects independent of weight loss were not. We found no significant interaction between baseline obesity severity and changes in SF-6D with changes in body weight. However, increases in physical function (PCS-36) with weight loss were greater in persons with higher baseline obesity severity. In summary, improvements in HRQL are associated with weight loss but not with other effects of obesity treatments that are unrelated to weight loss. Although improvements in the SF-6D did not exceed commonly reported thresholds for a minimally important difference (0.04), these changes, if causal, could still have a significant impact on clinical cost-effectiveness estimates if sustained over multiple years. C1 [Ackermann, Ronald T.; Marrero, David G.] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA. [Edelstein, Sharon L.] George Washington Univ, Diabet Prevent Program Coordinating Ctr, Ctr Biostat, Washington, DC USA. [Narayan, K. M. Venkat; Zhang, Ping; Engelgau, Michael M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Herman, William H.] Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Herman, William H.] Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Herman, William H.] Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Michigan Diabet Res & Training Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Ackermann, RT (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA. EM dppmail@biostat.bsc.gwu.edu RI Narayan, K.M. Venkat /J-9819-2012 OI Narayan, K.M. Venkat /0000-0001-8621-5405 FU National Institutes of Health; NIDDK; Indian Health Service; Office of Research on Minority Health; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute on Aging; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; American Diabetes Association; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Parke-Davis provided medication; LifeScan Inc.; Health O Meter; Hoechst Marion Roussel, Inc.; Merck-Medco Managed Care, Inc.; Merck and Co.; Nike Sports Marketing; Slim Fast Foods Co.; McKesson BioServices Corp.; Matthews Media Group, Inc.; Henry M. Jackson Foundation FX The investigators gratefully acknowledge the commitment and dedication of the participants of the Diabetes Prevention Program. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health provided funding to the clinical centers and the Coordinating Center for the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data. The Southwestern American Indian Centers were supported directly by the NIDDK and the Indian Health Service. The General Clinical Research Center Program, National Center for Research Resources supported data collection at many of the clinical centers. Funding for data collection and participant support was also provided by the Office of Research on Minority Health, the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, the National Institute on Aging, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the American Diabetes Association. Bristol-Myers Squibb and Parke-Davis provided medication. This research was also supported, in part, by the intramural research program of the NIDDK. LifeScan Inc., Health O Meter, Hoechst Marion Roussel, Inc., Merck-Medco Managed Care, Inc., Merck and Co., Nike Sports Marketing, Slim Fast Foods Co., and Quaker Oats Co. donated materials, equipment, or medicines for concomitant conditions. McKesson BioServices Corp., Matthews Media Group, Inc., and the Henry M. Jackson Foundation provided support services under subcontract with the Coordinating Center. The opinions expressed are those of the investigators and do not necessarily NR 31 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD DEC PY 2009 VL 17 IS 12 BP 2176 EP 2181 DI 10.1038/oby.2009.114 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 523RD UT WOS:000272091200009 PM 19390518 ER PT J AU Slade, BA Leidel, L Vellozzi, C Woo, EJ Hua, W Sutherland, A Izurieta, HS Ball, R Miller, N Braun, MM Markowitz, LE Iskander, J AF Slade, Barbara A. Leidel, Laura Vellozzi, Claudia Woo, Emily Jane Hua, Wei Sutherland, Andrea Izurieta, Hector S. Ball, Robert Miller, Nancy Braun, M. Miles Markowitz, Lauri E. Iskander, John TI Postlicensure Safety Surveillance for Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus Recombinant Vaccine EDITORIAL COMMENT SO OBSTETRICAL & GYNECOLOGICAL SURVEY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Slade, Barbara A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. US FDA, Washington, DC 20204 USA. RP Slade, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7828 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL SURV JI Obstet. Gynecol. Surv. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 64 IS 12 BP 796 EP 798 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 529SM UT WOS:000272537500014 ER PT J AU Saraiya, M Martinez, G Glaser, K Kulasingam, S AF Saraiya, Mona Martinez, Gladys Glaser, Katherine Kulasingam, Shalini TI Pap Testing and Sexual Activity Among Young Women in the United States SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINE; CERVICAL-CANCER; SCREENING PRACTICES; METAANALYSIS; NEOPLASIA; GUIDELINES; PROGRAMS; ACCURACY; OUTCOMES; SMEAR AB OBJECTIVE: To understand whether and how recency of sexual activity is associated with Pap testing rates among young women. METHODS: We analyzed data on self-reported receipt of Pap testing and initiation of sexual activity among young women and girls aged 15 to 24 years using the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth, an in-person, population-based survey of reproductive-aged men and women in the United States. The primary outcome was receiving a Pap test and its relationship to initiation of sexual activity. A multivariable model was used to predict the probability of having had a Pap test in the previous 12 months. RESULTS: Thirty-three percent of the 2,513 women had never had sex. Of these, 13.9% had had a Pap test in the previous year. Sixty-seven percent of sexually-active women aged 15-24 reported receiving a Pap test (corresponding to 13.1 million tests). Approximately 59% women aged 15-20 years old who reported having initiated sexual activity in the previous 3 years also reported a Pap test in the previous year. CONCLUSION: The current guidelines recommend screening 3 years after initiation of vaginal intercourse or at age 21, whichever is earlier. Contrary to the current guidelines, many young women who have not had sex or who initiated sex within the previous 3 years reported having had a Pap test. Assuming that the patterns observed in this study persist, there is an urgent need for education regarding the need to adhere to guidelines to reduce the burden of potentially unnecessary Pap tests in young women. (Obstet Gynecol 2009,114:1213-9) C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Coordinating Ctr Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Natl Coordinating Ctr Hlth Mkt, Div Vital Stat, Reprod Stat Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Saraiya, M (reprint author), CDC, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM yzs2@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 114 IS 6 BP 1213 EP 1219 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 526DN UT WOS:000272268000008 PM 19935021 ER PT J AU Braga, L Renner, JB Schwartz, TA Woodard, J Helmick, CG Hochberg, MC Jordan, JM AF Braga, L. Renner, J. B. Schwartz, T. A. Woodard, J. Helmick, C. G. Hochberg, M. C. Jordan, J. M. TI Differences in radiographic features of knee osteoarthritis in African-Americans and Caucasians: the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project SO OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE LA English DT Article DE Osteoarthritis; Knee; Radiographic features; Tibiofemoral joint; Patellofemoral joint ID OLIGOMERIC MATRIX PROTEIN; UNITED-STATES; OSTEOPHYTE FORMATION; NATIONAL-HEALTH; CARTILAGE; PREVALENCE; ARTHRITIS; BETA; RELIABILITY; OVERWEIGHT AB Objective: To examine racial differences in tibiofemoral joint (TFJ) and patellofemoral joint (PFJ) radiographic osteoarthritis in African-American (AA) and Caucasian men and women. Method Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate cross-sectional associations between race and tibiofemoral osteoarthritis (TF-OA) and the presence, severity and location of individual radiographic features of tibiofemoral joint osteoarthritis [TFJ-OA] (osteophytes, joint space narrowing [JSN], sclerosis and cysts) and patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis (PFJ-OA) (osteophytes, JSN and sclerosis), using data from the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project. Proportional odds ratios (POR) assessed severity of TF-OA, TFJ and PFJ osteophytes, and JSN, adjusting for confounders. Generalized estimating equations accounted for auto-correlation of knees. Results: Among 3187 participants (32.5% AAs; 62% women; mean age 62 years), 6300 TFJ and 1957 PFJ were included. Compared to Caucasians, AA men were more likely to have TF-OA (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.36; 95% CI, 1.00-1.86); tri-compartmental TFJ and PFJ osteophytes (aOR = 3.06; 95%CI = 1.96-4.78), and TFJ and PFJ sclerosis. AA women were more likely than Caucasian to have medial TFJ and tri-compartmental osteophytes (aOR 2,13; 1.55-2.94), and lateral TFJ sclerosis. AAs had more severe TF-OA than Caucasians (adjusted cumulative odds ratio [aPOR] = 2.08; 95% CI, 1.19-3.64 for men; aPOR 1.56; 95% CI, 1.06-2.29 for women) and were more likely to have lateral TFJ JSN. Conclusions: Compared to Caucasians, AAs were more likely to have more severe TF-OA; tri-compartmental disease; and lateral JSN. Further research to clarify the discrepancy between radiographic features in CA among races appears warranted. (C) 2009 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Braga, L.; Renner, J. B.; Schwartz, T. A.; Woodard, J.; Jordan, J. M.] Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Braga, L.; Jordan, J. M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Braga, L.] Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Omaha, NE 68105 USA. [Renner, J. B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Radiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Schwartz, T. A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Helmick, C. G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hochberg, M. C.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Jordan, J. M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Jordan, JM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, 3300 Thurston Bldg,CB 7280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM Joanne_jordan@med.unc.edu RI Schwartz, Todd/D-4995-2012 OI Schwartz, Todd/0000-0002-0232-2543 FU Association of Schools of Public Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [S043, S1733, S3486]; National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases [P-60-AR30701, P-60-AR49465] FX Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 34 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND SN 1063-4584 J9 OSTEOARTHR CARTILAGE JI Osteoarthritis Cartilage PD DEC PY 2009 VL 17 IS 12 BP 1554 EP 1561 DI 10.1016/j.joca.2009.07.011 PG 8 WC Orthopedics; Rheumatology SC Orthopedics; Rheumatology GA 535KI UT WOS:000272966700005 PM 19735758 ER PT J AU Sotir, MJ Ewald, G Kimura, AC Higa, JI Sheth, A Troppy, S Meyer, S Hoekstra, M Austin, J Archer, J Spayne, M Daly, ER Griffin, PM AF Sotir, Mark J. Ewald, Gwen Kimura, Akiko C. Higa, Jeffrey I. Sheth, Anandi Troppy, Scott Meyer, Stephanie Hoekstra, Michael Austin, Jana Archer, John Spayne, Mary Daly, Elizabeth R. Griffin, Patricia M. CA Salmonella Wandsworth Outbreak Inv TI Outbreak of Salmonella Wandsworth and Typhimurium Infections in Infants and Toddlers Traced to a Commercial Vegetable-Coated Snack Food SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America CY OCT, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP Infect Dis Soc Amer DE Salmonella; toddlers; children; food intake; infection ID EAT SAVOURY SNACK; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; AGONA INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; ORANIENBURG; PULSENET; CHILDREN AB Objective: Human outbreaks of salmonella infection have been attributed to a variety of food vehicles. Processed snack foods are increasingly consumed by children. In May 2007, state and local health departments and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention investigated human infections from Salmonella Wandsworth, an extremely rare serotype. Materials and Methods: Serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis were used to identify outbreak-associated illnesses. Food history questionnaires and open-ended interviews were used to generate exposure hypotheses. A nationwide case-control study was conducted to epidemiologically implicate a source. Public health laboratories cultured implicated product from patient homes and retail stores. Results: Sixty-nine patients from 23 states were identified; 93% were aged 10 months to 3 years. Eighty-one percent of child patients had bloody diarrhea; 6 were hospitalized. No deaths were reported. The case-control study strongly associated illness with a commercial puffed vegetable-coated ready-to-eat snack food (mOR = 23.3, P = 0.0001), leading to a nationwide recall. Parents of 92% of interviewed case-children reported that children consumed the food during the week before their illness began; 43% reported daily consumption. Salmonella Wandsworth, 3 additional Salmonella serotypes and Chronobacter (formerly Enterobacter) sakazaki were all cultured from this product, leading to the identification of 18 human outbreak-related Salmonella Typhimurium illnesses. Conclusions: This report documents a nationwide outbreak associated with a commercial processed ready-to-eat snack food. Cases occurred primarily in infants and toddlers, many of whom frequently consumed the food. Measures are needed to ensure that ingredients added to ready-to-cat foods after the final lethal processing step are free of pathogens. C1 [Sotir, Mark J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30306 USA. [Ewald, Gwen] US Dept Vet Affairs, Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kimura, Akiko C.; Higa, Jeffrey I.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Gardena, CA USA. [Troppy, Scott] Massachusetts Dept Hlth, Jamaica Plain, MA USA. [Meyer, Stephanie] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Archer, John] Wisconsin Dept Hlth & Family Serv, Madison, WI USA. [Spayne, Mary] Vermont Dept Hlth, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. [Daly, Elizabeth R.] New Hampshire Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Concord, NH 03301 USA. RP Sotir, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-38, Atlanta, GA 30306 USA. EM msotir@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 28 IS 12 BP 1041 EP 1046 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181af6218 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 525OH UT WOS:000272225200001 PM 19779390 ER PT J AU Forhan, SE Gottlieb, SL Sternberg, MR Xu, FJ Datta, SD McQuillan, GM Berman, SM Markowitz, LE AF Forhan, Sara E. Gottlieb, Sami L. Sternberg, Maya R. Xu, Fujie Datta, S. Deblina McQuillan, Geraldine M. Berman, Stuart M. Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Female Adolescents Aged 14 to 19 in the United States SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE sexually transmitted diseases; adolescent; prevalence ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; SIMPLEX-VIRUS TYPE-1; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; PARTICLE VACCINE; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; RISK BEHAVIORS; HPV INFECTION; CONDOM USE; DISEASES; WOMEN AB OBJECTIVE: Most young women initiate sexual activity during adolescence; risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) accompanies this initiation. In this study we estimated the prevalence of the most common STIs among a representative sample of female adolescents in the United States. METHODS: Data were analyzed from 838 females who were aged 14 to 19 and participating in the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2004. After interview and examination, survey participants provided biological specimens for laboratory testing. The main outcome was weighted prevalence of at least 1 of 5 STIs: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis, herpes simplex virus type 2, and human papillomavirus (HPV) (any of 23 high-risk types or type 6 or 11). RESULTS: Prevalence of any of the 5 STIs was 24.1% among all and 37.7% among sexually experienced female adolescents. HPV (23 high-risk types or type 6 or 11) was the most common STI among all female adolescents (prevalence: 18.3%), followed by C trachomatis infection (prevalence: 3.9%). Prevalence of any of the STIs was 25.6% among those whose age was the same or 1 year greater than their age at sexual initiation and 19.7% among those who reported only 1 lifetime sex partner. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of STIs among female adolescents is substantial, and STIs begin to be acquired soon after sexual initiation and with few sex partners. These findings support early and comprehensive sex education, routine HPV vaccination at the age of 11 to 12 years, and C trachomatis screening of sexually active female adolescents. Pediatrics 2009;124:1505-1512 C1 [Forhan, Sara E.; Gottlieb, Sami L.; Sternberg, Maya R.; Xu, Fujie; Datta, S. Deblina; Berman, Stuart M.; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Forhan, Sara E.] Off Workforce & Career Dev, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [McQuillan, Geraldine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Forhan, SE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Mail Stop E-02,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ggt1@cdc.gov FU National Center for Health Statistics; Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We thank Elizabeth R. Unger, PhD, MD, David Swan, PhD, Sonya Patel, BS, Carol Farshy, MPH, and Christi Phillips, BS (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) for laboratory work during the NHANES 2003-2004. We also thank Eileen Dunne, MD, MPH, and Marie Morgan (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) for careful review of the manuscript. Finally, we thank the female adolescents who participated in the NHANES 2003-2004. NR 50 TC 181 Z9 184 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2009 VL 124 IS 6 BP 1505 EP 1512 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-0674 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 524SE UT WOS:000272162400001 PM 19933728 ER PT J AU Branum, AM Lukacs, SL AF Branum, Amy M. Lukacs, Susan L. TI Food Allergy Among Children in the United States SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE food allergy; food hypersensitivity; surveys ID EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT VISITS; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; PREVALENCE; PEANUT AB OBJECTIVES: The goals were to estimate the prevalence of food allergy and to describe trends in food allergy prevalence and health care use among US children. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of data on food allergy among children <18 years of age, as reported in the 1997-2007 National Health Interview Survey, 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1993-2006 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, and 1998 2006 National Hospital Discharge Survey, was performed. Reported food allergies, serum immunoglobulin E antibody levels for specific foods, ambulatory care visits, and hospitalizations were assessed. RESULTS: In 2007, 3.9% of US children <18 years of age had reported food allergy. The prevalence of reported food allergy increased 18% (z = 3.4; P < .01) from 1997 through 2007. In 2005-2006, serum immunoglobulin E antibodies to peanut were detectable for an estimated 9% of US children. Ambulatory care visits tripled between 1993 and 2006 (P<.01). From 2003 through 2006, an estimated average of 317 000 food allergy-related, ambulatory care visits per year (95% confidence interval: 195 000 - 438 000 visits per year) to emergency and outpatient departments and physician's offices were reported. Hospitalizations with any recorded diagnoses related to food allergy also increased between 1998 - 2000 and 2004 - 2006, from an average of 2600 discharges per year to 9500 discharges per year (z = 3.4; P < .01), possibly because of increased use of food allergy V codes. CONCLUSION: Several national health surveys indicate that food allergy prevalence and/or awareness has increased among US children in recent years. Pediatrics 2009;124:1549-1555 C1 [Branum, Amy M.; Lukacs, Susan L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infant Child & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Branum, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infant Child & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6113, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM ambranum@cdc.gov RI Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015 OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284 NR 19 TC 324 Z9 341 U1 7 U2 36 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2009 VL 124 IS 6 BP 1549 EP 1555 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-1210 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 524SE UT WOS:000272162400006 PM 19917585 ER PT J AU Shin, M Besser, LM Kucik, JE Lu, CX Siffel, C Correa, A AF Shin, Mikyong Besser, Lilah M. Kucik, James E. Lu, Chengxing Siffel, Csaba Correa, Adolfo CA Congenital Anomaly Multistate Prev TI Prevalence of Down Syndrome Among Children and Adolescents in 10 Regions of the United States SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE Down syndrome; prevalence; children; adolescents; epidemiology ID METROPOLITAN ATLANTA; ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES; HEALTH-CARE; SURVIVAL; POPULATION; INFANTS; TRANSITION; DEFECTS; DISEASE AB OBJECTIVE: We aimed to estimate the prevalence of Down syndrome (DS) among children and adolescents aged 0 to 19 years in 10 regions of the United States. METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional analysis of live-born infants with DS during 1979-2003 from 10 population-based birth defects registries in the United States. We estimated the prevalence of DS at birth and among children aged 0 to 19 years in each region and in all regions pooled. The prevalence of DS among children and adolescents was calculated overall and according to age group, race/ethnicity, infant gender, and presence of a major heart defect. RESULTS: From 1979 through 2003, the prevalence of DS at birth increased by 31.1%, from 9.0 to 11.8 per 10 000 live births in 10 US regions. In 2002, the prevalence among children and adolescents (0-19 years old) was 10.3 per 10 000. The prevalence of DS among children in a given age group consistently increased over time but decreased with age within a given birth cohort. The pooled prevalence of DS among children and adolescents was lower among non-Hispanic black individuals and other racial/ethnic groups compared with non-Hispanic white individuals; it was also lower among females than males. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides prevalence estimates of DS among children and adolescents from 10 US regions. These estimates varied according to region, race/ethnicity, and gender, suggesting possible variation in prevalence at birth or in survival rates on the basis of these characteristics. Pediatrics 2009;124:1565-1571 C1 [Shin, Mikyong; Kucik, James E.; Lu, Chengxing; Siffel, Csaba; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shin, Mikyong; Lu, Chengxing] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Besser, Lilah M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept City & Reg Planning, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Siffel, Csaba] Comp Sci Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shin, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mshin@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 103 Z9 106 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2009 VL 124 IS 6 BP 1565 EP 1571 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-0745 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 524SE UT WOS:000272162400008 PM 19948627 ER PT J AU Fu, LY Cowan, N McLaren, R Engstrom, R Teach, SJ AF Fu, Linda Y. Cowan, Nuala McLaren, Rosie Engstrom, Ryan Teach, Stephen J. TI Spatial Accessibility to Providers and Vaccination Compliance Among Children With Medicaid SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE geography; immunizations; vaccines ID AGED 19-35 MONTHS; UNITED-STATES; PRIMARY-CARE; COVERAGE; ACCESS; IMMUNIZATIONS; PROXIMITY; PRESCHOOL; INFANTS AB OBJECTIVE: We examined the relationship between spatial accessibility to pediatric immunization providers and vaccination compliance in a low-income, urban population of children. METHODS: In 2007, we accessed the Washington, DC, Immunization Information System (IIS) to collect data on the immunization statuses and residential addresses of children who were aged 19 to 35 months and had Medicaid insurance. In addition, we calculated each child's spatial accessibility to pediatric vaccination providers by assessing the provider-to-population ratio at each residential address. Spatial accessibility was divided into tertiles (low, medium, and high) of access. The relationship between spatial accessibility to providers and vaccination compliance was examined by using logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, type of vaccination provider, and enrollment in child care status. RESULTS: Overall for our cohort of 4195 children, 80.5% of the children were up-to-date with vaccinations. Vaccination coverage ranged from 61.6% to 100% (median: 79.2%) among different neighborhoods. Having the highest level of access to pediatric vaccination providers was associated with 36% higher odds of being up-to-date as compared with having the lowest level of access. The middle tertile of access was associated with 25% higher odds of being up-to-date. CONCLUSIONS: Within our low-income, urban population, children with higher spatial accessibility to pediatric vaccination providers were more likely to be up-to-date with vaccinations. This association may guide future studies and efforts to ensure adequate immunization coverage for children regardless of where they live. Pediatrics 2009;124:1579-1586 C1 [Fu, Linda Y.] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Goldberg Ctr Community Pediat Hlth, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Fu, Linda Y.; Teach, Stephen J.] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Ctr Clin & Community Res, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Cowan, Nuala; Engstrom, Ryan] George Washington Univ, Dept Geog, Washington, DC USA. [McLaren, Rosie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fu, LY (reprint author), Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Goldberg Ctr Community Pediat Hlth, 111 Michigan Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20010 USA. EM lfu@cnmc.org OI Fu, Linda/0000-0002-5649-5167 FU Academic Pediatric Association; Robert Wood Johnson Foundation [043508] FX This project was supported in part by the Academic Pediatric Association Young Investigator Grant for Immunization Research and by Robert Wood Johnson Foundation grant 043508. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2009 VL 124 IS 6 BP 1579 EP 1586 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-0233 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 524SE UT WOS:000272162400010 PM 19933734 ER PT J AU Weiser, TM Garikapaty, V Feyerharm, RW Bensyl, DM Zhu, BP Lin, M AF Weiser, Thomas M. Garikapaty, Venkata Feyerharm, Robert W. Bensyl, Diana M. Zhu, Bao-Ping Lin, Mei TI Association of Maternal Smoking Status With Breastfeeding Practices: Missouri, 2005 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE breastfeeding; maternal smoking ID MONITORING-SYSTEM PRAMS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; BIRTH-WEIGHT; DURATION; PREGNANCY; POSTPARTUM; INITIATION; RELAPSE; MILK; CONSUMPTION AB OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the association of smoking status as a risk factor for reduced initiation and duration of breastfeeding. METHODS: The Missouri Pregnancy Related Assessment and Monitoring System collected a stratified sample of new mothers in 2005. Surveys were mailed, with telephone follow-up, and completed within 2 to 12 months after delivery. Respondents were classified as nonsmokers, smokers who quit during pregnancy, light smokers (<= 10 cigarettes per day), or moderate/heavy smokers (>10 cigarettes per day). Multivariable binomial regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess breastfeeding initiation and duration according to smoking status. RESULTS: Overall, 1789 women participated (weighted response rate: 61%). Approximately 74% of the women ever breastfed; 31% of the women ever smoked while pregnant. Compared with nonsmokers, the moderate/heavy smokers and light smokers were less likely to initiate breastfeeding, after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, the presence of other smokers in the household, alcohol use, mode of delivery, and infant hospitalization. Compared with nonsmokers, the moderate/heavy smokers, light smokers, and smokers who quit during pregnancy were more likely to wean over time, controlling for the same covariates. There were no significant differences between nonsmokers and smokers regarding reasons for not initiating or ceasing breastfeeding. CONCLUSIONS: Mothers who smoked initiated breastfeeding less often and weaned earlier than nonsmoking mothers. Incorporating knowledge of the association between smoking and breastfeeding into existing smoking-cessation and breastfeeding programs could provide opportunities to reduce perinatal exposure to tobacco smoke, improve interest in breastfeeding, and address other barriers to breastfeeding that smoking mothers may face. Pediatrics 2009;124:1603-1610 C1 [Weiser, Thomas M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bensyl, Diana M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Garikapaty, Venkata; Feyerharm, Robert W.; Zhu, Bao-Ping; Lin, Mei] Missouri Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Jefferson City, MO USA. RP Weiser, TM (reprint author), NW Portland Area Indian Hlth Board, 527 SW Hall St,Suite 300, Portland, OR 97201 USA. EM tweiser@npaihb.org NR 37 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2009 VL 124 IS 6 BP 1603 EP 1610 DI 10.1542/peds.2008-2711 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 524SE UT WOS:000272162400013 PM 19917583 ER PT J AU Meissner, HC Bocchini, JA Brady, MT Hall, CB Kimberlin, DW Pickering, LK AF Meissner, H. Cody Bocchini, Joseph A., Jr. Brady, Michael T. Hall, Caroline B. Kimberlin, David W. Pickering, Larry K. TI The Role of Immunoprophylaxis in the Reduction of Disease Attributable to Respiratory Syncytial Virus SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID PREMATURE-INFANTS BORN; CONGENITAL HEART-DISEASE; HIGH-RISK INFANTS; INFECTION REQUIRING HOSPITALIZATION; INVESTIGATORS COLLABORATIVE NETWORK; YOUNG-CHILDREN; IMMUNE GLOBULIN; REDUCES HOSPITALIZATION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ECONOMIC-ANALYSIS C1 [Meissner, H. Cody] Tufts Med Ctr, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Bocchini, Joseph A., Jr.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr Shreveport, Dept Pediat, Shreveport, LA 71105 USA. [Brady, Michael T.] Nationwide Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Columbus, OH USA. [Hall, Caroline B.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Hall, Caroline B.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Med, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Kimberlin, David W.] Univ Alabama, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Birmingham, AL USA. [Pickering, Larry K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Meissner, HC (reprint author), Tufts Med Ctr, Div Pediat Infect Dis, 750 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM cmeissner@tuftsmedicalcenter.org NR 27 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2009 VL 124 IS 6 BP 1676 EP 1679 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-2346 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 524SE UT WOS:000272162400021 PM 19948632 ER PT J AU Bocchini, JA Bernstein, HH Bradley, JS Brady, MT Byington, CL Fisher, MC Glode, MP Jackson, MA Keyserling, HL Kimberlin, DW Orenstein, WA Schutze, GE Willoughby, RE Dennehy, PH Frenck, RW Bell, B Bortolussi, R Clover, RD Fischer, MA Gellin, B Gorman, RL Pratt, RD Lee, L Read, JS Starke, JR Swanson, J Baker, CJ Long, SS Pickering, LK Ledbetter, EO Meissner, HC Rubin, LG Hall, C Frantz, J AF Bocchini, Joseph A., Jr. Bernstein, Henry H. Bradley, John S. Brady, Michael T. Byington, Carrie L. Fisher, Margaret C. Glode, Mary P. Jackson, Mary Anne Keyserling, Harry L. Kimberlin, David W. Orenstein, Walter A. Schutze, Gordon E. Willoughby, Rodney E. Dennehy, Penelope H. Frenck, Robert W., Jr. Bell, Beth Bortolussi, Robert Clover, Richard D. Fischer, Marc A. Gellin, Bruce Gorman, Richard L. Pratt, R. Douglas Lee, Lucia Read, Jennifer S. Starke, Jeffrey R. Swanson, Jack Baker, Carol J. Long, Sarah S. Pickering, Larry K. Ledbetter, Edgar O. Meissner, H. Cody Rubin, Lorry G. Hall, Caroline Frantz, Jennifer TI Policy Statement-Modified Recommendations for Use of Palivizumab for Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE RSV bronchiolitis; palivizumab; immunoprophylaxis ID PREMATURE-INFANTS BORN; INVESTIGATORS COLLABORATIVE NETWORK; CONGENITAL HEART-DISEASE; 35 COMPLETED WEEKS; HIGH-RISK INFANTS; REQUIRING HOSPITALIZATION; REDUCES HOSPITALIZATION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; GESTATIONAL-AGE AB Palivizumab was licensed in June 1998 by the US Food and Drug Administration for prevention of serious lower respiratory tract disease caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in pediatric patients who are at increased risk of severe disease. Safety and efficacy have been established for infants born at or before 35 weeks' gestation with or without chronic lung disease of prematurity and for infants and children with hemodynamically significant heart disease. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) published a policy statement on the use of palivizumab in November 1998 (American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Infectious Diseases and Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Pediatrics. 1998; 102[5]: 1211-1216) and revised it in December 2003 (American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Infectious Diseases and Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Pediatrics. 2003; 112[6 pt 1]: 1442-1446), and an AAP technical report on palivizumab was published in 2003 (Meissner HC, Long SS; American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Infectious Diseases and Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Pediatrics. 2003; 112[6 pt 1]: 1447-1452). On the basis of the availability of additional data regarding seasonality of RSV disease as well as the limitations in available data on risk factors for identifying children who are at increased risk of serious RSV lower respiratory tract disease, AAP recommendations for immunoprophylaxis have been updated in an effort to ensure optimal balance of benefit and cost from this expensive intervention. This statement updates and replaces the 2003 AAP statement and the 2006 Red Book and is consistent with the 2009 Red Book recommendations. Pediatrics 2009; 124: 1694-1701 C1 [Bell, Beth; Fischer, Marc A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bortolussi, Robert] Canadian Paediat Soc, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Clover, Richard D.] Amer Acad Family Phys, Leakwood, KS 66211 USA. [Gorman, Richard L.; Read, Jennifer S.] Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Pratt, R. Douglas; Lee, Lucia] US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. OI Dennehy, Penelope/0000-0002-2259-5370; Byington, Carrie/0000-0002-7350-9495 NR 32 TC 143 Z9 149 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2009 VL 124 IS 6 BP 1694 EP 1701 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-2345 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 524SE UT WOS:000272162400026 ER PT J AU Murphy, NA Burke, R Desch, LW Duby, JC Elias, ER Levy, SE Liptak, GS McNeal, D Myers, SM Norwood, KW Sagerman, PJ Levey, EB Lipkin, PH Wells, N Strickland, B Peacock, G Skipper, SM AF Murphy, Nancy A. Burke, Robert Desch, Larry W. Duby, John C. Elias, Ellen Roy Levy, Susan E. Liptak, Gregory S. McNeal, Douglas Myers, Scott M. Norwood, Kenneth W., Jr. Sagerman, Paul J. Levey, Eric B. Lipkin, Paul H. Wells, Nora Strickland, Bonnie Peacock, Georgina Skipper, Stephanie Mucha TI Policy Statement-Supplemental Security Income (SSI) for Children and Youth With Disabilities SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE Social Security income; SSI; children with disabilities; children with special health care needs; disability income AB The Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program remains an important source of financial support for low-income families of children with special health care needs and disabling conditions. In most states, SSI eligibility also qualifies children for the state Medicaid program, providing access to health care services. The Social Security Administration (SSA), which administers the SSI program, considers a child disabled under SSI if there is a medically determinable physical or mental impairment or combination of impairments that results in marked and severe functional limitations. The impairment(s) must be expected to result in death or have lasted or be expected to last for a continuous period of at least 12 months. The income and assets of families of children with disabilities are also considered when determining financial eligibility. When an individual with a disability becomes an adult at 18 years of age, the SSA considers only the individual's income and assets. The SSA considers an adult to be disabled if there is a medically determinable impairment (or combination of impairments) that prevents substantial gainful activity for at least 12 continuous months. SSI benefits are important for youth with chronic conditions who are transitioning to adulthood. The purpose of this statement is to provide updated information about the SSI medical and financial eligibility criteria and the disability-determination process. This statement also discusses how pediatricians can help children and youth when they apply for SSI benefits. Pediatrics 2009; 124: 1702-1708 C1 [Peacock, Georgina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. OI Lipkin, Paul/0000-0002-9043-2581 NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2009 VL 124 IS 6 BP 1702 EP 1708 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-2557 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 524SE UT WOS:000272162400027 ER PT J AU Whyatt, RM Adibi, JJ Calafat, AM Camann, DE Rauh, V Bhat, HK Perera, FP Andrews, H Just, AC Hoepner, L Tang, DL Hauser, R AF Whyatt, Robin M. Adibi, Jennifer J. Calafat, Antonia M. Camann, David E. Rauh, Virgina Bhat, Hari K. Perera, Frederica P. Andrews, Howard Just, Allan C. Hoepner, Lori Tang, Deliang Hauser, Russ TI Prenatal Di(2-ethylhexyl)Phthalate Exposure and Length of Gestation Among an Inner-City Cohort SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate; gestational age; pregnancy; inner city ID PHTHALATE METABOLITES; PPAR-GAMMA; DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL)-PHTHALATE DEHP; MONO-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; BIRTH OUTCOMES; HUMAN URINE; IN-UTERO; RAT; AGE AB OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to assess the relationship between di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) exposure during pregnancy and gestational age at delivery among 311 African American or Dominican women from New York City. METHODS: Forty-eight-hour personal air and/or spot urine samples were collected during the third trimester. DEHP levels were measured in air samples and 4 DEHP metabolite levels were measured in urine. Specific gravity was used to adjust for urinary dilution. Gestational age was abstracted from newborn medical records (n = 289) or calculated from the expected date of delivery (n = 42). Multivariate linear regression models controlled for potential confounders. RESULTS: DEHP was detected in 100% of personal air samples (geometric mean: 0.20 mu g/m(3) [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.18-0.21 mu g/m(3)]); natural logarithms of air concentrations were inversely but not significantly associated with gestational age. Two or more of the DEHP metabolites were detected in 100% of urine samples (geometric mean: 4.8-38.9 ng/mL [95% CI: 4.1-44.3 ng/mL]). Controlling for potential confounders, gestational age was shorter by 1.1 days (95% CI: 0.2-1.8 days) for each 1-logarithmic unit increase in specific gravity-adjusted mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate concentrations (P = .01) and averaged 5.0 days (95% CI: 2.1-8.0 days) less among subjects with the highest versus lowest quartile concentrations (P =. 001). Results were similar and statistically significant for the other DEHP metabolites. CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal DEHP exposure was associated with shorter gestation but, given inconsistencies with previous findings for other study populations, results should be interpreted with caution, and additional research is warranted. Pediatrics 2009; 124: e1213-e1220 C1 [Whyatt, Robin M.; Rauh, Virgina; Bhat, Hari K.; Perera, Frederica P.; Andrews, Howard; Just, Allan C.; Hoepner, Lori; Tang, Deliang] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Adibi, Jennifer J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Camann, David E.] SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX USA. [Hauser, Russ] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Whyatt, RM (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth, 60 Haven Ave,B-1, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM rmw5@columbia.edu RI Adibi, Jennifer/I-8077-2016; OI Adibi, Jennifer/0000-0001-6562-8315; Hoepner, Lori/0000-0002-4404-8140; Just, Allan/0000-0003-4312-5957 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P50 ES09600, RO1 ES013543, RO1 ES08977, RO1 ES11158]; US Environmental Protection Agency [R827027, R82860901]; Irving General Clinical Research Center [RR00645]; Bauman Family Foundation; Gladys and Roland Harriman Foundation; Hansen Foundation; W. Alton Jones Foundation; New York Community Trust; Educational Foundation of America; New York Times Company Foundation; Rockefeller Financial Services; Horace W. Smith Foundation; Beldon Fund; John Merck Fund; V. Kann Rasmussen Foundation FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (grants P50 ES09600, RO1 ES013543, RO1 ES08977, and RO1 ES11158), US Environmental Protection Agency (grants R827027 and R82860901), Irving General Clinical Research Center (grant RR00645), Bauman Family Foundation, Gladys and Roland Harriman Foundation, Hansen Foundation, W. Alton Jones Foundation, New York Community Trust, Educational Foundation of America, New York Times Company Foundation, Rockefeller Financial Services, Horace W. Smith Foundation, Beldon Fund, John Merck Fund, New York Community Trust, and V. Kann Rasmussen Foundation. NR 44 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2009 VL 124 IS 6 BP E1213 EP E1220 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-0325 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 524SE UT WOS:000272162400050 PM 19948620 ER PT J AU Chesson, HW AF Chesson, Harrell W. TI LETTERS SO PERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH LA English DT Letter C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Chesson, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1538-6341 J9 PERSPECT SEX REPRO H JI Perspect. Sex Reprod. Health PD DEC PY 2009 VL 41 IS 4 BP 217 EP 217 PG 1 WC Demography; Family Studies SC Demography; Family Studies GA 528KT UT WOS:000272444600003 PM 20444175 ER PT J AU Ayaz, FA Torun, H Glew, RH Bak, ZD Chuang, LT Presley, JM Andrews, R AF Ayaz, Faik A. Torun, Huelya Glew, Robert H. Bak, Zehra D. Chuang, Luther T. Presley, Jack M. Andrews, Ronnie TI Nutrient Content of Carob Pod (Ceratonia siliqua L.) Flour Prepared Commercially and Domestically SO PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Ceratonia siliqua; Carob pod; Sugar; Minerals; Fatty acids; Amino acids ID FATTY-ACIDS; AMINO-ACID AB Although the fruit of the carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L. Fabaceae) is nutritious and widely available in Turkey, especially in West and South Anatolia, much remains to be learned about its nutrient composition. The main goal of our study was to determine if there are differences in the content of certain nutrients in commercially-prepared carob flour (CPCP) and domestic or home-prepared carob powder (HPCP). Sucrose was the main sugar in CPCP and HPCP. Total protein was 40% lower in CPCP than HPCP due mainly to decreases in the content of several essential amino acids. However, except for lysine in CPCP, HPCP and CPCP compared favourably to a WHO protein standard. There were large differences in terms of their content of the two essential fatty acids, linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid, and the linoleic acid/alpha-linolenic acid ratio was 3.6 for CPCP, and 6.1 for HPCP. Manganese and iron were 2.5-fold higher in HPCP than CPCP. This study demonstrates that carob flour prepared in either the household or industrially is a good source of many, but not all essential nutrients, and that commercial processing of carob fruit into flour seems to affect its content of several important nutrients. C1 [Ayaz, Faik A.; Torun, Huelya; Bak, Zehra D.] Karadeniz Tech Univ, Dept Biol, TR-61080 Trabzon, Turkey. [Glew, Robert H.] Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Chuang, Luther T.] Yuanpei Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Hsinchu, Taiwan. [Presley, Jack M.] Univ Calif Davis, Mol Struct Facil, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Andrews, Ronnie] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Ayaz, FA (reprint author), Karadeniz Tech Univ, Dept Biol, TR-61080 Trabzon, Turkey. EM faa@ktu.edu.tr FU Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) FX Some of the chemicals, reagents and instrumentation used in the present study were purchased using funds awarded by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) (TUBITAK-TBAG Project No.: 103 T152). The authors gratefully acknowledge this support. NR 28 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-9668 J9 PLANT FOOD HUM NUTR JI Plant Food Hum. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 64 IS 4 BP 286 EP 292 DI 10.1007/s11130-009-0130-3 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Plant Sciences; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 524XS UT WOS:000272178300009 PM 19763833 ER PT J AU Presanis, AM De Angelis, D Hagy, A Reed, C Riley, S Cooper, BS Finelli, L Biedrzycki, P Lipsitch, M AF Presanis, Anne M. De Angelis, Daniela Hagy, Angela Reed, Carrie Riley, Steven Cooper, Ben S. Finelli, Lyn Biedrzycki, Paul Lipsitch, Marc CA New York City Swine Flu Invest Tea TI The Severity of Pandemic H1N1 Influenza in the United States, from April to July 2009: A Bayesian Analysis SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ASIAN INFLUENZA; VIRUS; MORTALITY; VACCINATION; EPIDEMIC; FAMILIES; STRAIN AB Background: Accurate measures of the severity of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza (pH1N1) are needed to assess the likely impact of an anticipated resurgence in the autumn in the Northern Hemisphere. Severity has been difficult to measure because jurisdictions with large numbers of deaths and other severe outcomes have had too many cases to assess the total number with confidence. Also, detection of severe cases may be more likely, resulting in overestimation of the severity of an average case. We sought to estimate the probabilities that symptomatic infection would lead to hospitalization, ICU admission, and death by combining data from multiple sources. Methods and Findings: We used complementary data from two US cities: Milwaukee attempted to identify cases of medically attended infection whether or not they required hospitalization, while New York City focused on the identification of hospitalizations, intensive care admission or mechanical ventilation (hereafter, ICU), and deaths. New York data were used to estimate numerators for ICU and death, and two sources of data-medically attended cases in Milwaukee or self-reported influenza-like illness (ILI) in New York-were used to estimate ratios of symptomatic cases to hospitalizations. Combining these data with estimates of the fraction detected for each level of severity, we estimated the proportion of symptomatic patients who died (symptomatic case-fatality ratio, sCFR), required ICU (sCIR), and required hospitalization (sCHR), overall and by age category. Evidence, prior information, and associated uncertainty were analyzed in a Bayesian evidence synthesis framework. Using medically attended cases and estimates of the proportion of symptomatic cases medically attended, we estimated an sCFR of 0.048% (95% credible interval [CI] 0.026%-0.096%), sCIR of 0.239% (0.134%-0.458%), and sCHR of 1.44% (0.83%-2.64%). Using self-reported ILI, we obtained estimates approximately 7-9 x lower. sCFR and sCIR appear to be highest in persons aged 18 y and older, and lowest in children aged 5-17 y. sCHR appears to be lowest in persons aged 5-17; our data were too sparse to allow us to determine the group in which it was the highest. Conclusions: These estimates suggest that an autumn-winter pandemic wave of pH1N1 with comparable severity per case could lead to a number of deaths in the range from considerably below that associated with seasonal influenza to slightly higher, but with the greatest impact in children aged 0-4 and adults 18-64. These estimates of impact depend on assumptions about total incidence of infection and would be larger if incidence of symptomatic infection were higher or shifted toward adults, if viral virulence increased, or if suboptimal treatment resulted from stress on the health care system; numbers would decrease if the total proportion of the population symptomatically infected were lower than assumed. C1 [Presanis, Anne M.; De Angelis, Daniela] MRC, Biostat Unit, Cambridge CB2 2BW, England. [De Angelis, Daniela; Cooper, Ben S.] Hlth Protect Agcy Ctr Infect, Stat Modelling & Bioinformat Dept, London, England. [New York City Swine Flu Invest Tea] Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Hagy, Angela; Biedrzycki, Paul] Dept Hlth, Milwaukee, WI USA. [Reed, Carrie; Finelli, Lyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Riley, Steven] Univ Hong Kong, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Sch Publ Hlth, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Riley, Steven] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Community Med, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Lipsitch, Marc] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Communicable Dis Dynam, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Lipsitch, Marc] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Communicable Dis Dynam, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Presanis, AM (reprint author), MRC, Biostat Unit, Cambridge CB2 2BW, England. EM mlipsitc@hsph.harvard.edu OI Cooper, Ben/0000-0002-9445-7217; Lipsitch, Marc/0000-0003-1504-9213 FU UK Medical Research Council [G0600675, U.1052.00.007]; UK Health Protection Agency; Cooperative Agreements [1U54GM088558, 5U01GM076497]; US National Institutes of Health (US NIH); US NIH [3R01TW008246-01S1]; US Department of Homeland Security FX AMP and DDA were funded by the UK Medical Research Council (grants G0600675 and U.1052.00.007). DDA was funded also by the UK Health Protection Agency. ML and SR were supported by Cooperative Agreements 1U54GM088558 and 5U01GM076497 of the Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study program of the US National Institutes of Health (US NIH). SR also received funding from grant 3R01TW008246-01S1 from the US NIH from the RAPIDD program of the Fogarty International Center of the US NIH and the Science and Technology Directorate of the US Department of Homeland Security. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 37 TC 184 Z9 189 U1 0 U2 18 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 6 IS 12 AR e1000207 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000207 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 536RD UT WOS:000273060600018 PM 19997612 ER PT J AU Bayer, AM Hunter, GC Gilman, RH del Carpio, JGC Naquira, C Bern, C Levy, MZ AF Bayer, Angela M. Hunter, Gabrielle C. Gilman, Robert H. Cornejo del Carpio, Juan G. Naquira, Cesar Bern, Caryn Levy, Michael Z. TI Chagas Disease, Migration and Community Settlement Patterns in Arequipa, Peru SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TRIATOMA-INFESTANS; LATIN-AMERICA; TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI; ARGENTINA; MODEL AB Background: Chagas disease is one of the most important neglected tropical diseases in the Americas. Vectorborne transmission of Chagas disease has been historically rare in urban settings. However, in marginal communities near the city of Arequipa, Peru, urban transmission cycles have become established. We examined the history of migration and settlement patterns in these communities, and their connections to Chagas disease transmission. Methodology/Principal Findings: This was a qualitative study that employed focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. Five focus groups and 50 in-depth interviews were carried out with 94 community members from three shantytowns and two traditional towns near Arequipa, Peru. Focus groups utilized participatory methodologies to explore the community's mobility patterns and the historical and current presence of triatomine vectors. In-depth interviews based on event history calendars explored participants' migration patterns and experience with Chagas disease and vectors. Focus group data were analyzed using participatory analysis methodologies, and interview data were coded and analyzed using a grounded theory approach. Entomologic data were provided by an ongoing vector control campaign. We found that migrants to shantytowns in Arequipa were unlikely to have brought triatomines to the city upon arrival. Frequent seasonal moves, however, took shantytown residents to valleys surrounding Arequipa where vectors are prevalent. In addition, the pattern of settlement of shantytowns and the practice of raising domestic animals by residents creates a favorable environment for vector proliferation and dispersal. Finally, we uncovered a phenomenon of population loss and replacement by low-income migrants in one traditional town, which created the human settlement pattern of a new shantytown within this traditional community. Conclusions/Significance: The pattern of human migration is therefore an important underlying determinant of Chagas disease risk in and around Arequipa. Frequent seasonal migration by residents of peri-urban shantytowns provides a path of entry of vectors into these communities. Changing demographic dynamics of traditional towns are also leading to favorable conditions for Chagas disease transmission. Control programs must include surveillance for infestation in communities assumed to be free of vectors. C1 [Bayer, Angela M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Bayer, Angela M.; Hunter, Gabrielle C.; Gilman, Robert H.] AB PRISMA, Lima, Peru. [Gilman, Robert H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Cornejo del Carpio, Juan G.] Minist Salud, Direcc Reg, Arequipa, Peru. [Naquira, Cesar] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. [Bern, Caryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Levy, Michael Z.] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Levy, Michael Z.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Bayer, AM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM ABayer@mednet.ucla.edu FU NIH NIAID [5P50AI074285-02, K01AI079162-02]; NIH NIMH [T32MH080634-03] FX This work was funded by NIH NIAID 5P50AI074285-02 and K01AI079162-02. Angela Bayer is currently a Postdoctoral Fellow under NIH NIMH T32MH080634-03. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 30 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 3 IS 12 AR e567 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000567 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 536RB UT WOS:000273060400011 PM 20016830 ER PT J AU Slate, D Algeo, TP Nelson, KM Chipman, RB Donovan, D Blanton, JD Niezgoda, M Rupprecht, CE AF Slate, Dennis Algeo, Timothy P. Nelson, Kathleen M. Chipman, Richard B. Donovan, Dennis Blanton, Jesse D. Niezgoda, Michael Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Oral Rabies Vaccination in North America: Opportunities, Complexities, and Challenges SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Review ID RACCOONS PROCYON-LOTOR; UNITED-STATES; AERIAL DISTRIBUTION; MEPHITIS-MEPHITIS; VARIANT RABIES; STRIPED SKUNKS; VIRUS-VACCINES; RED FOXES; ONTARIO; ELIMINATION AB Steps to facilitate inter-jurisdictional collaboration nationally and continentally have been critical for implementing and conducting coordinated wildlife rabies management programs that rely heavily on oral rabies vaccination (ORV). Formation of a national rabies management team has been pivotal for coordinated ORV programs in the United States of America. The signing of the North American Rabies Management Plan extended a collaborative framework for coordination of surveillance, control, and research in border areas among Canada, Mexico, and the US. Advances in enhanced surveillance have facilitated sampling of greater scope and intensity near ORV zones for improved rabies management decision-making in real time. The value of enhanced surveillance as a complement to public health surveillance was best illustrated in Ohio during 2007, where 19 rabies cases were detected that were critical for the formulation of focused contingency actions for controlling rabies in this strategically key area. Diverse complexities and challenges are commonplace when applying ORV to control rabies in wild meso-carnivores. Nevertheless, intervention has resulted in notable successes, including the elimination of an arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) rabies virus variant in most of southern Ontario, Canada, with ancillary benefits of elimination extending into Quebec and the northeastern US. Progress continues with ORV toward preventing the spread and working toward elimination of a unique variant of gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) rabies in west central Texas. Elimination of rabies in coyotes (Canis latrans) through ORV contributed to the US being declared free of canine rabies in 2007. Raccoon (Procyon lotor) rabies control continues to present the greatest challenges among meso-carnivore rabies reservoirs, yet to date intervention has prevented this variant from gaining a broad geographic foothold beyond ORV zones designed to prevent its spread from the eastern US. Progress continues toward the development and testing of new bait-vaccine combinations that increase the chance for improved delivery and performance in the diverse meso-carnivore rabies reservoir complex in the US. C1 [Slate, Dennis; Algeo, Timothy P.; Nelson, Kathleen M.] USDA APHIS Wildlife Serv, Natl Rabies Management Program, Concord, NH USA. [Chipman, Richard B.] USDA APHIS Wildlife Serv, Natl Rabies Management Program, Castleton, NY USA. [Donovan, Dennis] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Wildlife Res & Dev Sect, Rabies Res & Dev Unit, Peterborough, ON, Canada. [Blanton, Jesse D.; Niezgoda, Michael; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Rabies Sect, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Slate, D (reprint author), USDA APHIS Wildlife Serv, Natl Rabies Management Program, Concord, NH USA. EM timothy.p.algeo@aphis.usda.gov NR 68 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 35 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 3 IS 12 AR e549 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000549 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 536RB UT WOS:000273060400002 PM 20027214 ER PT J AU Massetti, GM AF Massetti, Greta M. TI Enhancing Emergent Literacy Skills of Preschoolers From Low-Income Environments Through a Classroom-Based Approach SO SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW LA English DT Article ID PHONEMIC AWARENESS; PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; KINDERGARTEN; INSTRUCTION; ACQUISITION; READINESS; ABILITIES; PROGRAM; MODEL AB Enhancing children's literacy achievement has been identified as a top priority in, education policy and research. Recent federal policies and legislation, such as the No Child Left Behind Act and the Reading First Act, have placed special emphasis on academic readiness for children from disadvantaged backgrounds. The present project evaluated the effect of the Stony Brook Emergent Literacy Project, an approach that combines teacher training, classroom-based activities. and teacher-evaluated performance using rubrics to target preschoolers' emergent literacy skills. Ten Head Start classrooms were matched and randomly assigned to implement the Literacy Project or serve as the comparison group Teachers in Literacy Project classrooms implemented 20 group activities and evaluated children's mastery of skills during the activities through rubrics. Children were assessed on their emergent literacy skills by independent evaluators at the beginning and end of the school year Classrooms that implemented the Literacy Project demonstrated gains in children's emergent literacy skills over the course of the academic year. Results demonstrate the effect of implementing the Literacy Project on children's growth in emergent literacy skills and emphasize the utility of including explicit emergent literacy instruction in early childhood. C1 [Massetti, Greta M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Massetti, Greta M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Massetti, GM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gmassetti@cdc.gov NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU NATL ASSOC SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 4340 EAST WEST HWY, STE 402, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0279-6015 J9 SCHOOL PSYCHOL REV JI Sch. Psychol. Rev. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 38 IS 4 BP 554 EP 569 PG 16 WC Psychology, Educational SC Psychology GA 534PN UT WOS:000272909700009 ER PT J AU Hopf, NB Ruder, AM Succop, P AF Hopf, Nancy B. Ruder, Avima M. Succop, Paul TI Background levels of polychlorinated biphenyls in the US population SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE Polychlorinated biphenyls; PCBs; Background levels; Serum PCB ID GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION; SERUM ORGANOCHLORINE LEVELS; MASS-SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS; BREAST-CANCER RISK; GREAT-LAKES FISH; NEW-YORK; BLOOD-LEVELS; PCB LEVELS; POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS; PROPOSED FRAMEWORKS AB Background: Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposures are encountered by the general public by eating contaminated food or living near a previously operating PCB factory or hazardous waste site. PCBs affect the immune, reproductive, nervous, and endocrine systems and are carcinogens. PCBs were banned in the United States in 1977. For public health, it is important to be able to estimate individual risk, especially for vulnerable populations, to monitor the decline in risk over time and to alert the public health community if spikes occur in PCB exposures, by measuring serum PCB levels. The historical decline in PCB exposures cannot be documented within a repeatedly tested general population, since there is no such population. Therefore, our aim was to model serum PCB levels in the US general population over time using published data. Methods: Models were developed based on 45 publications providing 16,914 background PCB levels in sera collected 1963-2003. Multiple linear regression and exponential decay were used to model the summary PCB levels. Results: Background levels of higher-chlorinated PCBs (five or more chlorines) in sera increased before 1979 and decreased after 1979: a quadratic model was the best fit. However, the exponential decay model explained better the low PCB serum levels still seen in the general population. For lower-chlorinated serum PCBs, no increase or decrease was shown (1.7 ppb for all years). Conclusions: Limitations for both models were lack of repeated measures, non-randomly selected study participants, selected years, concentration on geographic areas centered on PCB waste sites. lack of adjustment for BMI or for laboratory methods. Despite the limitations, this analysis shows that background PCB levels in the general population are still of concern. Future work should focus on uncertainties governing how to interpret the levels with respect to possible long term health effects. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hopf, Nancy B.; Succop, Paul] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Ruder, Avima M.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Industrywide Studies Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Hopf, NB (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, 3223 Eden Ave,POB 670055, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. EM nancybhopf@gmail.com RI Ruder, Avima/I-4155-2012 OI Ruder, Avima/0000-0003-0419-6664 NR 107 TC 26 Z9 31 U1 4 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 407 IS 24 BP 6109 EP 6119 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.08.035 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 524OQ UT WOS:000272153000001 PM 19773016 ER PT J AU Samoff, E Koumans, EH Gibson, JJ Ross, M Markowitz, LE AF Samoff, Erika Koumans, Emilia H. Gibson, James J. Ross, Michael Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Pre-Treatment Syphilis Titers: Distribution and Evaluation of Their Use to Distinguish Early From Late Latent Syphilis and to Prioritize Contact Investigations SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEROLOGIC RESPONSE; SECONDARY SYPHILIS; HIV-INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS AB Background: Treatment, contact investigation, and reporting decisions for syphilis cases are based on the stage of disease. Because of limitations of current staging protocols, the rapid plasma reagin (RPR) titer has been proposed as an alternative priority marker for contact investigation. Methods: We describe the RPR titers and stages for 10,021 syphilis cases reported between 1997 and 1999 in Columbia, South Carolina; Houston, Texas; and Jackson, Mississippi. We constructed receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC curves) to compare titer and stage. We calculated the number of infected contacts to evaluate the use of titer to prioritize contact investigation. Results: RPR titers differed by stage, with 67% of primary, 95% of secondary, 78% of early latent, and 41% of late latent and unknown duration having titers >1:8; however, there was considerable overlap in titer distributions. The ROC curve based on titer values demonstrated good agreement between titer and latent stage. Prioritization by titer (>= 1:8) of latent cases would result in a similar number of cases interviewed and contacts located as stage prioritization, although different cases,; are prioritized. Conclusion: Titer distributions meaningfully but imperfectly distinguish populations with different stages. Recent analyses and anecdotal reports indicate the difficulty and inconsistency of staging latent syphilis. Over time, titer could provide a more objective and reliable historical record of syphilis trends. Titer may be a useful alternative or adjunct to stage in prioritizing latent syphilis cases for investigation. C1 [Samoff, Erika; Koumans, Emilia H.; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STDs & TB NCHSTP, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gibson, James J.] S Carolina Dept Hlth & Environm Control, Columbia, SC USA. [Ross, Michael] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. RP Samoff, E (reprint author), NC DETECT, 100 Market St, Chapel Hill, NC 27516 USA. EM erika.samoff@unc.edu NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 36 IS 12 BP 789 EP 793 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181b3566b PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 523RN UT WOS:000272092300012 PM 19773682 ER PT J AU Hale, L Do, DP Basurto-Davila, R Heron, M Finch, BK Dubowitz, T Lurie, N Bird, CE AF Hale, Lauren Do, D. Phuong Basurto-Davila, Ricardo Heron, Melonie Finch, Brian K. Dubowitz, Tamara Lurie, Nicole Bird, Chloe E. TI Does mental health history explain gender disparities in insomnia symptoms among young adults? SO SLEEP MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Insomnia; Gender; Mental Health; Epidemiology; NHANES III; Insomnia symptoms; Socioeconomic status (SES); Neighborhood ID SELF-RATED HEALTH; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; SEX-DIFFERENCES; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; UNITED-STATES; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMATOLOGY; REPLACEMENT THERAPY; RISK-FACTORS; ELDERLY-MEN AB Background: Insomnia is the most commonly reported sleep disorder, characterized by trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking up too early. Previous epidemiological data reveal that women are more likely than men to suffer from insomnia symptoms. We investigate the role that mental health history plays in explaining the gender disparity in insomnia symptoms. Methods: Using logistic regression, we analyze National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) III interview and laboratory data, merged with data on sociodemographic characteristics of the residential census tract of respondents. Our sample includes 5469 young adults (ages 20-39) from 1429 census tracts. Results: Consistent with previous research, we find that women are more likely to report insomnia symptoms compared to men (16.7% vs. 9.2%). However, in contrast to previous work, we show that the difference between women's and men's odds of insomnia becomes statistically insignificant after adjusting for history of mental health conditions (OR = 1.08, p > .05). Conclusions: The gender disparity in insomnia symptoms may be driven by higher prevalence of affective disorders among women. This finding has implications for clinical treatment of both insomnia and depression, especially among women. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hale, Lauren] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Do, D. Phuong] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Basurto-Davila, Ricardo; Bird, Chloe E.] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. [Heron, Melonie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Finch, Brian K.] San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Dubowitz, Tamara] RAND Corp, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Lurie, Nicole] RAND Corp, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. RP Hale, L (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM lhale@notes.cc.sunysb.edu RI Basurto-Davila, Ricardo/C-6586-2008 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P50 ES012383-010003] NR 77 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-9457 EI 1878-5506 J9 SLEEP MED JI Sleep Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 10 IS 10 BP 1118 EP 1123 DI 10.1016/j.sleep.2008.12.011 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 532QF UT WOS:000272763800010 PM 19467926 ER PT J AU Kraft, JM Galavotti, C Carter, M Jamieson, DJ Busang, L Fleming, D Kilmarx, PH AF Kraft, Joan Marie Galavotti, Christine Carter, Marion Jamieson, Denise J. Busang, Lesego Fleming, Douglas Kilmarx, Peter H. TI Use of Dual Protection in Botswana SO STUDIES IN FAMILY PLANNING LA English DT Article ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; CONDOM USE; CONTRACEPTIVE USE; NONMARITAL RELATIONSHIPS; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; HIV PREVENTION; SOUTH-AFRICA; WOMEN; PREGNANCY; COUNTRIES AB High rates of unintended pregnancy and of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections prompt calls for use of "dual-protection" strategies, including consistent condom use or dual-method use. This study examines the use of dual-protection strategies in a sample of 15-49-year-old men and women in Botswana in 2003. Half of sexually active respondents reported consistent condom use in the past year; 2.5 percent reported dual-method use. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that urban residence, less than a ten-year age difference between partners, discussing HIV and contraception with one's partner, not intending to have a child in the next year, having no children, being in a relationship where one or both partners have additional concurrent partners, and supportive condom norms were associated with dual protection-that is, with consistent condom or dual-method use. In the context of high HIV prevalence, concerns about disease prevention likely influence contraception, and interventions should address childbearing desires and sexual risk simultaneously. C1 [Kraft, Joan Marie; Galavotti, Christine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Appl Sci Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Busang, Lesego] African Comprehens HIV AIDS Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana. [Fleming, Douglas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, BOTUSA, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kilmarx, Peter H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kraft, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Appl Sci Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jik4@cdc.gov NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0039-3665 J9 STUD FAMILY PLANN JI Stud. Fam. Plan. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 40 IS 4 BP 319 EP 328 PG 10 WC Demography; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Demography; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 529QY UT WOS:000272533500005 PM 23012727 ER PT J AU Root, JJ Puskas, RB Fischer, JW Swope, CB Neubaum, MA Reeder, SA Piaggio, AJ AF Root, J. Jeffrey Puskas, Robert B. Fischer, Justin W. Swope, Craig B. Neubaum, Melissa A. Reeder, Serena A. Piaggio, Antoinette J. TI Landscape Genetics of Raccoons (Procyon lotor) Associated with Ridges and Valleys of Pennsylvania: Implications for Oral Rabies Vaccination Programs SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Genetics; Landscape; Pennsylvania; Procyon lotor; Rabies; Raccoon ID MICE PEROMYSCUS-MANICULATUS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; DEER; DISPERSAL; DYNAMICS AB Raccoons are the reservoir for the raccoon rabies virus variant in the United States. To combat this threat, oral rabies vaccination (ORV) programs are conducted in many eastern states. To aid in these efforts, the genetic structure of raccoons (Procyon lotor) was assessed in southwestern Pennsylvania to determine if select geographic features (i.e., ridges and valleys) serve as corridors or hindrances to raccoon gene flow (e.g., movement) and, therefore, rabies virus trafficking in this physiographic region. Raccoon DNA samples (n = 185) were collected from one ridge site and two adjacent valleys in southwestern Pennsylvania (Westmoreland, Cambria, Fayette, and Somerset counties). Raccoon genetic structure within and among these study sites was characterized at nine microsatellite loci. Results indicated that there was little population subdivision among any sites sampled. Furthermore, analyses using a model-based clustering approach indicated one essentially panmictic population was present among all the raccoons sampled over a reasonably broad geographic area (e.g., sites up to 36 km apart). However, a signature of isolation by distance was detected, suggesting that widths of ORV zones are critical for success. Combined, these data indicate that geographic features within this landscape influence raccoon gene flow only to a limited extent, suggesting that ridges of this physiographic system will not provide substantial long-term natural barriers to rabies virus trafficking. These results may be of value for future ORV efforts in Pennsylvania and other eastern states with similar landscapes. C1 [Root, J. Jeffrey] WS, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Puskas, Robert B.; Swope, Craig B.] WS, USDA, Bolivar, PA USA. [Reeder, Serena A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Root, JJ (reprint author), WS, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM jeff.root@aphis.usda.gov NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 13 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 6 BP 583 EP 588 DI 10.1089/vbz.2008.0110 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 530GE UT WOS:000272576300003 PM 19125658 ER PT J AU Sun, XH Fu, SH Gong, ZD Ge, JQ Meng, WS Feng, Y Wang, JL Zhai, YG Wang, HQ Nasci, R Wang, HY Tang, Q Liang, GD AF Sun, Xiaohong Fu, Shihong Gong, Zhengda Ge, Junqi Meng, Weishan Feng, Yun Wang, Jinglin Zhai, Yougang Wang, Huanqin Nasci, Roger Wang, Huanyu Tang, Qing Liang, Guodong TI Distribution of Arboviruses and Mosquitoes in Northwestern Yunnan Province, China SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Arboviruses; Mosquitoes; Yunnan Province ID GETAH-VIRUS; SEQUENCE DETERMINATION; JAPANESE-ENCEPHALITIS; BANNA VIRUS; VIETNAM; VECTOR AB From July to September in 2005 and 2006, a survey was conducted to identify mosquito species and mosquitoborne arboviruses at elevations ranging from 900-3280 m between 24 degrees 00' N and 29 degrees 00' N latitude in the northwestern part of Yunnan Province, China. A total of 54,879 mosquitoes representing 15 species and 4 genera was collected using UV light traps at 59 sites. Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Anopheles sinensis were the most abundant species. The density of mosquitoes as well as the diversity of species decreased with increasing altitude. A total of 21,008 mosquitoes in 281 pools representing all of the 15 species was tested for the presence of viruses using cell culture. Viruses identified included Japanese encephalitis virus (13 isolates), Getah virus (five isolates), Banna virus (three isolates), Kadipiro virus (five isolates), and Densovirus ( seven isolates). These isolates were obtained from Culex tritaeniorhynchus (20 isolates), Anopheles sinensis (three isolates), Armigeres subalbatus (six isolates), Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus (two isolates), and from unidentified, mixed mosquitoes (two isolates). Most of the isolates were from collections made at elevations below 2,500 m. C1 [Sun, Xiaohong; Fu, Shihong; Meng, Weishan; Zhai, Yougang; Wang, Huanqin; Wang, Huanyu; Tang, Qing; Liang, Guodong] China CDC, Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, State Key Lab Infect Dis Prevent & Control, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Gong, Zhengda; Feng, Yun; Wang, Jinglin] Yunnan Inst Endem Dis Control & Prevent, Dali City, Yunnan Province, Peoples R China. [Ge, Junqi] China CDC, Inst Communicable Dis, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Nasci, Roger] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Liang, GD (reprint author), China CDC, Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, State Key Lab Infect Dis Prevent & Control, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM gdliang@hotmail.com FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2003BA712A08-01]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30460124)]; China CDC-US CDC Cooperative Agreement [U19-GH000004] FX This work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No. 2003BA712A08-01); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC; No. 30460124); and China CDC-US CDC Cooperative Agreement U19-GH000004. NR 41 TC 17 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 6 BP 623 EP 630 DI 10.1089/vbz.2008.0145 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 530GE UT WOS:000272576300008 PM 19196130 ER PT J AU Schwan, TG Raffel, SJ Schrumpf, ME Gill, JS Piesman, J AF Schwan, Tom G. Raffel, Sandra J. Schrumpf, Merry E. Gill, James S. Piesman, Joseph TI Characterization of a Novel Relapsing Fever Spirochete in the Midgut, Coxal Fluid, and Salivary Glands of the Bat Tick Carios kelleyi SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Borrelia; Relapsing fever; Vector-borne ID BORRELIA-TURICATAE; ACARI; ARGASIDAE; RICKETTSIA; PROTEINS; FLORIDA; TEXAS; DOGS AB Bat ticks, Carios kelleyi, from Iowa were examined for the presence of relapsing fever group borreliae. A novel spirochete was characterized by DNA sequence analysis of polymerase chain reaction amplicons for the 16S rRNA, flaB, and glpQ genes in either triturated tick pools or single ticks. All loci and the concatenated DNA sequence of 3,289 bases identified the Carios bacterium as a relapsing fever spirochete most closely related to, but distinct from, Borrelia turicatae. Spirochetes reactive with a Borrelia-specific monoclonal antibody were observed microscopically in the coxal fluid and salivary glands from one tick. These data confirm the presence of a novel species of relapsing fever spirochete in bat ticks and the potential for new enzootic foci for endemic relapsing fever that warrants further investigation. The name Borrelia johnsonii is proposed for this novel spirochete in honor of Dr. Russell C. Johnson. C1 [Schwan, Tom G.; Raffel, Sandra J.; Schrumpf, Merry E.] NIAID, Rocky Mt Labs, NIH, Lab Zoonot Pathogens, Hamilton, MT 59840 USA. [Gill, James S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Ames, IA USA. [Piesman, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Schwan, TG (reprint author), NIAID, Rocky Mt Labs, NIH, Lab Zoonot Pathogens, 903 S 4th St, Hamilton, MT 59840 USA. EM tschwan@niaid.nih.gov FU Division of Intramural Research; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health FX We thank A. Snyder for collecting the ticks used in our study and Gary Hettrick for help with the figures. This work was supported by the Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 6 BP 643 EP 647 DI 10.1089/vbz.2008.0177 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 530GE UT WOS:000272576300011 PM 19281412 ER PT J AU Pearson, WS Bhat-Schelbert, K Ford, ES Mokdad, AH AF Pearson, William S. Bhat-Schelbert, Kavitha Ford, Earl S. Mokdad, Ali H. TI The impact of obesity on time spent with the provider and number of medications managed during office-based physician visits using a cross-sectional, national health survey SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CARE COSTS; SERVICES; OVERWEIGHT; REGION; ADULTS; BURDEN AB Background: Obesity is associated with morbidity, mortality, and increased health care costs. Few studies have examined the impact of obesity on outpatient office visits. The purpose of this study was to determine if outpatient visits by obese persons required more time with the provider and more prescription medication management compared to visits made by non-obese persons. Methods: Obesity status was determined for 9,280 patient visits made by persons aged 18 years or older in the 2006 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Multivariate analyses compared obese and non-obese visits, stratified by sex, for duration of the visit and the number of medications mentioned at the visit. Results: Average duration of visit was higher among visits with patients determined to be obese. However, these differences were not considered significant after statistical testing. Visits made by obese female patients were significantly more likely to involve more than two prescription medications (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.05 - 1.51) and visits made by obese male patients were significantly more likely to involve more than two prescription medications (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.16 - 1.83) as compared to visits made by non-obese patients. Conclusion: Time spent with the provider was found to be greater among visits with obese patients, but not significantly different from visits with non-obese patients. The number of medications for each visit was found to be significantly greater for visits where the patient was considered to be obese. Increased time for the visit and increased numbers of medication for each visit translate into increased costs. These findings document the impact of obesity on our health care system and have great implications on medical care cost and planning. C1 [Pearson, William S.; Ford, Earl S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Communty Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bhat-Schelbert, Kavitha] Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Mokdad, Ali H.] Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Pearson, WS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Communty Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wpearson@cdc.gov; schelbertkb@upmc.edu; eford@cdc.gov; mokdaa@u.washington.edu RI Sriwisit, Sukhumaphorn/G-1405-2011 NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD NOV 30 PY 2009 VL 9 AR 436 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-9-436 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 533MV UT WOS:000272828900001 PM 19948026 ER PT J AU Katrak, S Gasasira, A Arinaitwe, E Kakuru, A Wanzira, H Bigira, V Sandison, TG Homsy, J Tappero, JW Kamya, MR Dorsey, G AF Katrak, Shereen Gasasira, Anne Arinaitwe, Emmanuel Kakuru, Abel Wanzira, Humphrey Bigira, Victor Sandison, Taylor G. Homsy, Jaco Tappero, Jordan W. Kamya, Moses R. Dorsey, Grant TI Safety and tolerability of artemether-lumefantrine versus dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for malaria in young HIV-infected and uninfected children SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; PLUS SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA; COMBINATION THERAPIES; UGANDAN CHILDREN; AMODIAQUINE; ARTESUNATE; EFFICACY; PHARMACOVIGILANCE AB Background: Artemisinin combination therapy has become the standard of care for uncomplicated malaria in most of Africa. However, there is limited data on the safety and tolerability of these drugs, especially in young children and patients co-infected with HIV. Methods: A longitudinal, randomized controlled trial was conducted in a cohort of HIV-infected and uninfected children aged 4-22 months in Tororo, Uganda. Participants were randomized to treatment with artemetherlumefantrine (AL) or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) upon diagnosis of their first episode of uncomplicated malaria and received the same regimen for all subsequent episodes. Participants were actively monitored for adverse events for 28 days and then passively for up to 63 days after treatment. This study was registered in ClinicalTrials. gov (registration # NCT00527800). Results: A total of 122 children were randomized to AL and 124 to DP, resulting in 412 and 425 treatments, respectively. Most adverse events were rare, with only cough, diarrhoea, vomiting, and anaemia occurring in more than 1% of treatments. There were no differences in the risk of these events between treatment groups. Younger age was associated with an increased risk of diarrhoea in both the AL and DP treatment arms. Retreatment for malaria within 17-28 days was associated with an increased risk of vomiting in the DP treatment arm (HR = 6.47, 95% CI 2.31-18.1, p < 0.001). There was no increase in the risk of diarrhoea or vomiting for children who were HIV-infected or on concomitant therapy with antiretrovirals or trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole prophylaxis. Conclusion: Both AL and DP were safe and well tolerated for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in young HIV-infected and uninfected children. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00527800; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00527800 C1 [Dorsey, Grant] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Katrak, Shereen] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Katrak, Shereen; Gasasira, Anne] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Epidemiol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gasasira, Anne; Arinaitwe, Emmanuel; Kakuru, Abel; Wanzira, Humphrey; Bigira, Victor] Univ California San Francisco Res Collaborat, Makerere Univ, Kampala, Uganda. [Sandison, Taylor G.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Homsy, Jaco] Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Global Hlth, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Homsy, Jaco; Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kamya, Moses R.] Makerere Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. RP Dorsey, G (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Box 0811, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM katraks@ohsu.edu; agasasira@berkeley.edu; emmy3md@yahoo.com; abelkakuru@gmail.com; wanzirah@yahoo.com; vbigira@gmail.com; tgsand@u.washington.edu; JHomsy@psg.ucsf.edu; jwt0@cdc.gov; mkamya@infocom.co.ug; gdorsey@medsfgh.ucsf.edu FU Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Global AIDS Program; Puget Sound Partners in Global Health FX The study received financial support from the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation (GD is a recipient of the Clinical Scientist Development Award) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Global AIDS Program. Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine study drugs were provided free of charge by Holleypharm, China. The funders had no involvement in the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to submit it for publication. TS was supported in part by a pilot grant from the Puget Sound Partners in Global Health. NR 27 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD NOV 30 PY 2009 VL 8 AR 272 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-8-272 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 530JF UT WOS:000272585000002 PM 19948038 ER PT J AU Rupprecht, CE Briggs, D Brown, CM Franka, R Katz, SL Kerr, HD Lett, S Levis, R Meltzer, MI Schaffner, W Cieslak, PR AF Rupprecht, Charles E. Briggs, Deborah Brown, Catherine M. Franka, Richard Katz, Samuel L. Kerr, Harry D. Lett, Susan Levis, Robin Meltzer, Martin I. Schaffner, William Cieslak, Paul R. TI Evidence for a 4-dose vaccine schedule for human rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in previously non-vaccinated individuals SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Rabies; Reduced vaccination schedules; Post-exposure prophylaxis ID POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; IMMUNE GLOBULIN; UNITED-STATES; IMMUNOGENICITY; VIRUS; PATHOGENESIS; PROTECTION; SERUM; PREEXPOSURE AB After exposure, human rabies is preventable by prompt application of post-exposure prophylaxis. Historically, the total number of rabies vaccine doses administered during human prophylaxis has decreased, as modern biologics have improved and scientific knowledge has grown. A review of the literature on rabies virus pathogenesis, experimental animal studies, clinical trials, epidemiological surveillance, and economic analyses was conducted to determine the potential utility of reducing the current 5-dose intramuscular series of human rabies vaccine administered in the United States. Based upon the available evidence, a reduced schedule of cell-culture rabies vaccine, administered on days 0, 3, 7, and 14, given in conjunction with rabies immune globulin, was supported and recommended by the United States Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rupprecht, Charles E.; Franka, Richard] Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Briggs, Deborah] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Brown, Catherine M.; Lett, Susan] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Jamaica Plain, MA USA. [Katz, Samuel L.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Kerr, Harry D.] Amer Coll Emergency Phys, Dallas, TX USA. [Levis, Robin] US FDA, Washington, DC 20204 USA. [Meltzer, Martin I.] CDC, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Cieslak, Paul R.] Oregon Dept Publ Hlth, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Rupprecht, CE (reprint author), Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cyr5@cdc.gov NR 70 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 27 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 51 BP 7141 EP 7148 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.029 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 532FL UT WOS:000272731100002 PM 19925944 ER PT J AU Franka, R Wu, XF Jackson, FR Velasco-Villa, A Palmer, DP Henderson, H Hayat, W Green, DB Blanton, JD Greenberg, L Rupprecht, CE AF Franka, Richard Wu, Xianfu Jackson, Felix R. Velasco-Villa, Andres Palmer, Dustyn P. Henderson, Heather Hayat, Wajid Green, Douglas B. Blanton, Jesse D. Greenberg, Lauren Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Rabies virus pathogenesis in relationship to intervention with inactivated and attenuated rabies vaccines SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Rabies vaccine; Post-exposure prophylaxis; Rabies virus; Pathogenesis ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; T-CELLS; CLEARANCE; INFLAMMATION; INFECTION; SURVIVAL; GLYCOPROTEIN AB Despite progress in vaccine development in the past century the mechanisms behind immune responses elicited by rabies biologics or via natural infection remain largely unknown. In this study, we compared protection elicited by standard, early, or delayed prophylaxis with a reduced number of vaccine doses using inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines. Two-month-old Syrian hamsters, 4-week-old ICR mice or adult rhesus macaques were inoculated with canine rabies virus variants. Thereafter, prophylaxis was initiated 6 h, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 days post-exposure (p.e.). One or several doses of inactivated (HDCV), or reverse genetically attenuated (live), or gamma-irradiated (inactivated)-ERAG333 vaccines were administered intramuscularly. The dynamics of virus spread were measured over time in the rodent models. Rabies virus reached the spinal cord at day 4 and brain at day 6 p.e. All hamsters succumbed in groups in which live ERAC333 was delayed until days 5 and 6 p.e. However, 78%, 44%, 56% and 22% of hamsters survived when one dose of live ERAG333 was administered 6 h, 1, 2, 3, and 4 days p.e., respectively. Similarly, 67% survived when inactivated ERAG333 was administered at 24h p.e. All hamsters succumbed when standard prophylaxis (the Essen regimen) was delayed until days 3-6, but 67% and 33% of hamsters survived when PEP began 1 or 2 days p.e., respectively. Macaques were protected by one dose of attenuated ERAG333 at 24 h p.e. The highly attenuated (live) and inactivated ERAG333 vaccines elicited potent protective immune responses, even when prophylaxis initiation was delayed. When 2-5 doses of commercial vaccine and HRIG were administered according to the Essen scheme, 89-100% of the animals survived. Reduced vaccine schedules provided efficacious intervention, regardless of the total number of vaccine doses administered. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Franka, Richard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Franka, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop G33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rpf5@cdc.gov NR 49 TC 18 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 27 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 51 BP 7149 EP 7155 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.034 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 532FL UT WOS:000272731100003 PM 19925945 ER PT J AU Christian, KA Blanton, JD Auslander, M Rupprecht, CE AF Christian, Kira A. Blanton, Jesse D. Auslander, Michael Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Epidemiology of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis-United States of America, 2006-2008 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Rabies; Rabies vaccine; Prophylaxis ID NEW-YORK; SURVEILLANCE AB Background: The United States of America (USA) does not have a national reporting system for rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). We describe the epidemiology of PEP in the USA so recommendations can be made during a PEP shortage. Methods: A two-part questionnaire designed to evaluate PEP distribution practices and estimate PEP use was administered to state health department representatives. Results: Seventy-five percent of participants responded that no public health guidance was needed to make a recommendation for PEP. The annual national average PEP use is 23,415 courses of PEP (range: 10,645-35,845). Conclusion: PEP is loosely monitored and a precise estimate of PEP use is unknown. Improved national surveillance for PEP is needed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Christian, Kira A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Career Dev Div, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Blanton, Jesse D.; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Auslander, Michael] Kentucky Dept Publ Hlth, Louisville, KY 40220 USA. RP Christian, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Career Dev Div, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-92, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dot9@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 27 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 51 BP 7156 EP 7161 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.028 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 532FL UT WOS:000272731100004 PM 19925946 ER PT J AU Sattler, AC Krogwold, RA Wittum, TE Rupprecht, CE Algeo, TP Slate, D Smith, KA Hale, RL Nohrenberg, GA Lovell, CD Niezgoda, M Montoney, AJ Slemons, RD AF Sattler, Andrew C. Krogwold, Roger A. Wittum, Thomas E. Rupprecht, Charles E. Algeo, Timothy P. Slate, Dennis Smith, Kathleen A. Hale, Robert L. Nohrenberg, Gary A. Lovell, Charles D. Niezgoda, Mike Montoney, Andrew J. Slemons, Richard D. TI Influence of oral rabies vaccine bait density on rabies seroprevalence in wild raccoons SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Raccoon; Rabies; Oral rabies vaccine; Seroprevalence ID GLYCOPROTEIN RECOMBINANT VIRUS; PROCYON-LOTOR; EFFICACY; IMMUNIZATION; TRIALS; SYSTEM AB The effect of different oral rabies vaccine (ORV) bait densities (75, 150, and 300 baits/km(2)) on the seroprevalence of rabies virus neutralizing antibodies (RVNAs) in raccoons (Procyon lotor) was assessed at a 15% seroprevalence difference threshold in rural areas of northeast Ohio. Results (n = 588 raccoons) indicated that seropositivity for RVNAs was associated with both bait density and bait campaign frequency. Associations were not detected for raccoon gender, age, or macro-habitat. The odds of being seropositive were greater for raccoons originating from 300 bait/km(2) treatment areas relative to those coming from the 75 bait/km(2) areas (odds ratio [OR] = 4.4, probability [P] < 0.001, 95% confidence interval [Cl] = 2.4-7.9), while accounting for cumulative ORV campaigns. No statistical advantage in seroprevalence was detected when comparing 150-75 baits/km(2). These results indicate that a relatively extreme bait density when evenly distributed may be necessary to obtain a significant increase in seroprevalence. Higher bait densities may be more appropriate and less costly to address focused outbreaks than labor intensive trap-vaccinate-release and local population reduction campaigns. Finally, dramatic increases in seroprevalence of RVNA were not observed in raccoons between sequential, semi-annual campaigns, yet cumulative ORV campaigns were associated with gradual increases in seroprevalence. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Algeo, Timothy P.; Slate, Dennis] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Rabies Management Program, Concord, NH 03301 USA. [Sattler, Andrew C.] All Creatures Anim Hosp, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. [Krogwold, Roger A.] Vet Serv, USDA, APHIS, Pickerington, OH 43147 USA. [Sattler, Andrew C.; Wittum, Thomas E.; Slemons, Richard D.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Rupprecht, Charles E.; Niezgoda, Mike] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Rabies Unit, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Smith, Kathleen A.] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Hale, Robert L.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Rabies Management Program, Reynoldsburg, OH 43068 USA. [Nohrenberg, Gary A.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, St Paul, MN 55107 USA. RP Algeo, TP (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Rabies Management Program, 59 Chenell Dr,Suite 2, Concord, NH 03301 USA. EM timothy.p.algeo@aphis.usda.gov NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 27 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 51 BP 7187 EP 7193 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.035 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 532FL UT WOS:000272731100009 PM 19925951 ER PT J AU Henderson, H Jackson, F Bean, K Panasuk, B Niezgoda, M Slate, D Li, JW Dietzschold, B Mattis, J Rupprecht, CE AF Henderson, Heather Jackson, Felix Bean, Kayla Panasuk, Brian Niezgoda, Michael Slate, Dennis Li, Jianwei Dietzschold, Bernard Mattis, Jeff Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Oral immunization of raccoons and skunks with a canine adenovirus recombinant rabies vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Rabies; Vaccine; Oral ID PROCYON-LOTOR; MICE; ANTIBODY; IMMUNITY; TYPE-2 AB Oral vaccination is an important part of wildlife rabies control programs. Currently, the vaccinia-rabies glycoprotein recombinant virus is the only oral rabies vaccine licensed in the United States. and it is not effective in skunks. In the current study, captive raccoons and skunks were used to evaluate a vaccine developed by incorporating the rabies virus glycoprotein gene into a canine adenovirus serotype 2 vector (CAV2-RVG). Seven of 7 raccoons orally vaccinated with CAV2-RVG developed virus neutralizing antibodies and survived lethal challenge. Five of 5 and 6 of 6 skunks in 2 experimental groups receiving 10-fold different dilutions of CAV2-RVG developed neutralizing antibodies and survived challenge. The results of this preliminary study suggest that CAV2-RVG stimulates protective immunity against rabies in raccoons and skunks. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Jackson, Felix] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Slate, Dennis; Mattis, Jeff] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Concord, NH USA. [Li, Jianwei; Dietzschold, Bernard; Mattis, Jeff] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. RP Jackson, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Mailstop G-33,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM DWT4@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 27 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 51 BP 7194 EP 7197 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.030 PG 4 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 532FL UT WOS:000272731100010 PM 19925952 ER PT J AU Weyer, J Rupprecht, CE Nel, LH AF Weyer, Jacqueline Rupprecht, Charles E. Nel, Louis H. TI Poxvirus-vectored vaccines for rabies-A review SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE Poxvirus vaccines; Rabies; V-RG ID LUMPY SKIN-DISEASE; ORAL VACCINATION; RECOMBINANT VACCINE; VIRUS GLYCOPROTEIN; RINDERPEST VIRUS; PROTEIN GENE; PROTECTION; CAPRIPOXVIRUS; EXPRESSION; STRAIN AB Oral rabies vaccination of target reservoir species has proved to be one of the pillars of successful rabies elimination programs. The use of live attenuated rabies virus vaccines has been extensive but several limitations hamper its future use. A recombinant vaccinia-rabies vaccine has also been successfully used for the oral vaccination of several species. Nevertheless, its lack of efficacy in certain important rabies reservoirs and concerns on the use of this potent live virus as vaccine carrier (vector) impair the expansion of its use for new target species and new areas. Several attenuated and host-restricted poxvirus alternatives, which supposedly offer enhanced safety, have been investigated. Once again, efficacy in certain target species and innocuity through the oral route remain major limitations of these vaccines. Alternative recombinant vaccines using adenovirus as an antigen delivery vector have been extensively investigated and may provide an important addition to the currently available oral rabies vaccine repertoire, but are not the primary subject of this review. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Rupprecht, Charles E.] CDC, NCZVED DVRD PRB Rabies, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nel, Louis H.] Univ Pretoria, Dept Microbiol & Plant Pathol, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. RP Weyer, J (reprint author), Private Bag X4, ZA-2131 Johannesburg, South Africa. EM jacquelinew@nicd.ac.za RI Nel, Louis/F-1001-2012 NR 55 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 27 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 51 BP 7198 EP 7201 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.033 PG 4 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 532FL UT WOS:000272731100011 PM 19925953 ER PT J AU Wu, XF Franka, R Svoboda, P Pohl, J Rupprecht, CE AF Wu, Xianfu Franka, Richard Svoboda, Pavel Pohl, Jan Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Development of combined vaccines for rabies and immunocontraception SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Rabies virus ERA; Rabies virus gene relocation; Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); Reverse genetics; Contraception ID GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; MOTIF-BASED ADJUVANT; VIRUS GLYCOPROTEIN; STERILIZATION; IMMUNIZATION; SUPERANTIGEN; VIRULENCE; SITE; LHRH; DOGS AB Rabies prevention and appropriate population management of free-ranging animals have an important role to play in the eventual elimination of rabies in dogs. An effective sterilant based on rabies vaccines has the potential to create a supportive measure of public acceptability and to reduce associated clinic visit costs. We inserted the coding sequence of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) into different locations within the rabies virus ERA glycoprotein (G) gene, and demonstrated that the amino terminus (N), antigenic site IIa, and the junction between the ecto- and cytoplasmic domains (C) of the G were suitable sites for GnRH insertion. The rescued recombinant rabies viruses ERA-N-GnRH and ERA-C-GnRH grew as well as the parental ERA virus, reaching 1 x 10(9) ffu/ml in cell culture. Insertion and expression of the GnRH were stable in the viruses after multiple passages in vitro. To increase immunogenicity of the GnRH peptide, two copies of GnRH, aligned in tandem, were fused to the N terminus of the G. The recombinant rabies virus ERA-N-2GnRH was recovered and grown to high titers in cell culture. All GnRH-carrying rabies viruses induced antibodies against GnRH in immunized mice and protected 100% of the animals after rabies virus challenge. The recombinant viruses reacted strongly with the serum from a GonaCon (TM)-immunized animal. The GnRH-carrying rabies viruses have significant potential in rabies and animal population control. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wu, Xianfu; Franka, Richard; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Program, PRB, DVRD,CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Svoboda, Pavel; Pohl, Jan] CDC, Core Facil, NCPDCID, DSR,BCFB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wu, XF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Program, PRB, DVRD,CDC, Bldg 17,Room 6045,MS G33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM XAW6@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 27 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 51 BP 7202 EP 7209 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.025 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 532FL UT WOS:000272731100012 PM 19925954 ER PT J AU Bender, SC Bergman, DL Wenning, KM Miller, LA Slate, D Jackson, FR Rupprecht, CE AF Bender, Scott C. Bergman, David L. Wenning, Krista M. Miller, Lowell A. Slate, Dennis Jackson, Felix R. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI No adverse effects of simultaneous vaccination with the immunocontraceptive GonaCon (TM) and a commercial rabies vaccine on rabies virus neutralizing antibody production in dogs SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Dogs; Rabies; Immunocontraception; GonaCon (TM) ID CONTRACEPTION; STERILIZATION; ANIMALS AB Parenteral vaccination campaigns are integral to the elimination of canine rabies. To maximize herd immunity in dogs, immunocontraception provided at the time of rabies vaccination should reduce fecundity and dog abundance. GonaCon (TM) has been used successfully as an immunocontraceptive in a variety of mammals, and by inference, the dog would be an ideal candidate for testing. As an initial step in evaluating a combination-vaccination program, we assessed the effects of GonaCon (TM) on rabies virus neutralizing antibody production in dogs after administration of a veterinary rabies vaccine. Eighteen feral/free ranging dogs were included in this initial study: six were given GonaCon (TM) only, six were given rabies vaccination only, and six received GonaCon (TM) and rabies vaccination. Antibody levels were evaluated over 82 days. The use of the immunocontraceptive GonaCon (TM) did not affect the ability of dogs to seroconvert in response to the rabies vaccine. Thus, GonaCon (TM) provides a potential immunocontraceptive for use in combination with rabies vaccine to increase herd immunity and address dog population over abundance to better manage rabies. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bergman, David L.; Wenning, Krista M.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Bender, Scott C.] Navajo Nation Vet Program, Chinle, AZ USA. [Miller, Lowell A.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Slate, Dennis] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Concord, NH USA. [Jackson, Felix R.; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bergman, DL (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Phoenix, AZ USA. EM david.l.bergman@aphis.usda.gov RI Bergman, David/C-6874-2015 OI Bergman, David/0000-0002-6757-643X NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 27 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 51 BP 7210 EP 7213 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.026 PG 4 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 532FL UT WOS:000272731100013 PM 19925955 ER PT J AU Osinubi, MOV Wu, X Franka, R Niezgoda, M Nok, AJ Ogunkoya, AB Rupprecht, CE AF Osinubi, M. O. V. Wu, X. Franka, R. Niezgoda, M. Nok, A. J. Ogunkoya, A. B. Rupprecht, C. E. TI Enhancing comparative rabies DNA vaccine effectiveness through glycoprotein gene modifications SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Rabies virus strain ERA; Rabies DNA vaccine effectiveness; Glycoprotein gene modification ID VIRUS GLYCOPROTEIN; EAR PINNAE; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; CANINE RABIES; GM-CSF; MICE; DOGS; APOPTOSIS AB Enhancing DNA vaccine effectiveness remains a challenge, especially if the desired goal is immunization efficacy after a single dose. The glycoprotein gene from the rabies virus Evelyn-Rokitnicki-Abelseth (ERA) strain was modified by mutation at amino acid residue 333 from arginine to glutamine. The modified and original unmodified glycoprotein genes were cloned separately and developed as DNA vaccines for immunization in mice. The intramuscular (IM) route using a single dose (100 mu g) of a modified DNA vaccine showed virus neutralizing antibody induction by d30, and 80% of the mice survived a challenge in which 100% of unvaccinated controls succumbed. Similar results were obtained using a single dose (10 mu g) by the intradermal (ID) route with one-tenth amount of the DNA administered. Administration of single dose of DNA vaccine with unmodified G did not result in the production of detectable levels of virus neutralizing antibody by d30. The results of the IM and the ID routes of administration were statistically significant (P < 0.01). Based on these preliminary results, a modified glycoprotein gene from the ERA rabies virus strain may be an ideal candidate for DNA vaccine efficacy enhancement. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wu, X.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, NCZVED, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Osinubi, M. O. V.; Ogunkoya, A. B.] Ahmadu Bello Univ, Dept Vet Surg & Med, Zaria, Nigeria. [Nok, A. J.] Ahmadu Bello Univ, Dept Biochem, Zaria, Nigeria. RP Wu, X (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, NCZVED, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM XAW6@cdc.gov FU CDC/WHO; Ahmadu Bello University/Carnegie Corporation Fellowship; Association of Public Health Laboratory (APHL) FX This research was funded in part by the CDC/WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Rabies, and by a Ahmadu Bello University/Carnegie Corporation Fellowship. The support of Association of Public Health Laboratory (APHL) and members of the Rabies team, NCZVED, CDC is appreciated. NR 49 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 27 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 51 BP 7214 EP 7218 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.031 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 532FL UT WOS:000272731100014 PM 19925956 ER PT J AU Potter, R Pabst, LJ Fiore, AE AF Potter, R. Pabst, L. J. Fiore, A. E. TI Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Children Aged 6 Months-18 Years-Eight Immunization Information System Sentinel Sites, United States, 2008-09 Influenza Season (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 58, pg 1059-1062, 2009) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Pabst, L. J.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Svcs Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fiore, A. E.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 25 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 20 BP 2195 EP 2196 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 523NI UT WOS:000272080500009 ER PT J AU Garrison, M Weldon, L Brantley, P Wolf, L Davies, M Maillard, JM Moore, Z Sheu, T Deyde, V Gubareva, L Fry, AM Fleischauer, A Dailey, NJ AF Garrison, M. Weldon, L. Brantley, P. Wolf, L. Davies, M. Maillard, J-M Moore, Z. Sheu, T. Deyde, V. Gubareva, L. Fry, A. M. Fleischauer, A. Dailey, N. J. TI Oseltamivir-Resistant 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection in Two Summer Campers Receiving Prophylaxis-North Carolina, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 58, pg 969-972, 2009) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Sheu, T.; Deyde, V.; Gubareva, L.; Fry, A. M.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fleischauer, A.] CDC, Career Epidemiol Field Officer Program, Coordinating Off Terrorism Preparedness & Emergen, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 25 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 20 BP 2197 EP 2199 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 523NI UT WOS:000272080500010 ER PT J AU Bowers, KM Bell, D Chiodini, PL Barnwell, J Incardona, S Yen, S Luchavez, J Watt, H AF Bowers, Katherine M. Bell, David Chiodini, Peter L. Barnwell, John Incardona, Sandra Yen, Seiha Luchavez, Jennifer Watt, Hilary TI Inter-rater reliability of malaria parasite counts and comparison of methods SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DENSITY; VARIABILITY; MICROSCOPY; DIAGNOSIS; THICK AB Background: The introduction of artemesinin-based treatment for falciparum malaria has led to a shift away from symptom-based diagnosis. Diagnosis may be achieved by using rapid non-microscopic diagnostic tests (RDTs), of which there are many available. Light microscopy, however, has a central role in parasite identification and quantification and remains the main method of parasite-based diagnosis in clinic and hospital settings and is necessary for monitoring the accuracy of RDTs. The World Health Organization has prepared a proficiency testing panel containing a range of malaria-positive blood samples of known parasitaemia, to be used for the assessment of commercially available malaria RDTs. Different blood film and counting methods may be used for this purpose, which raises questions regarding accuracy and reproducibility. A comparison was made of the established methods for parasitaemia estimation to determine which would give the least inter-rater and inter-method variation. Methods: Experienced malaria microscopists counted asexual parasitaemia on different slides using three methods; the thin film method using the total erythrocyte count, the thick film method using the total white cell count and the Earle and Perez method. All the slides were stained using Giemsa pH 7.2. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) models were used to find the inter-rater reliability for the different methods. The paired t-test was used to assess any systematic bias between the two methods, and a regression analysis was used to see if there was a changing bias with parasite count level. Results: The thin blood film gave parasite counts around 30% higher than those obtained by the thick film and Earle and Perez methods, but exhibited a loss of sensitivity with low parasitaemia. The thick film and Earle and Perez methods showed little or no bias in counts between the two methods, however, estimated inter-rater reliability was slightly better for the thick film method. Conclusion: The thin film method gave results closer to the true parasite count but is not feasible at a parasitaemia below 500 parasites per microlitre. The thick film method was both reproducible and practical for this project. The determination of malarial parasitaemia must be applied by skilled operators using standardized techniques. C1 [Bowers, Katherine M.; Chiodini, Peter L.] Hosp Trop Dis, London WC1E 6JB, England. [Bell, David] Fdn Innovat Diagnost FIND, Geneva, Switzerland. [Chiodini, Peter L.; Watt, Hilary] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Barnwell, John] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Incardona, Sandra] Inst Pasteur Cambodia, Lab Mol Epidemiol, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Luchavez, Jennifer] FILINVEST Corp City, Dept Hlth Compound, Res Inst Trop Med, Muntinlupa 1781, Philippines. [Bell, David] WHO Reg Off Western Pacific, Manila, Philippines. RP Bowers, KM (reprint author), Hosp Trop Dis, London WC1E 6JB, England. EM katherine.bowers@uclh.nhs.uk; bellda@finddiagnostics.org; peter.chiodini@uclh.nhs.uk; wzb3@cdc.gov; sandra.incardona@finddiagnostics.org; seihayen@yahoo.com; jluchavez@yahoo.com; hilary_watt1968@yahoo.co.uk OI Chiodini, Peter/0000-0003-0317-7090; Incardona, Sandra/0000-0003-4994-1736; Yen, Seiha/0000-0001-6208-3313 FU AudAID; USAID; DFID; WHO - Regional Office for the Western Pacific; UCL Hospitals Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre FX The authors are grateful for the assistance of the staff at the field collection sites at Pailin and Kampot, Cambodia, and Chris Frost (LSHTM) for Statistical advice and for comments on this manuscript. The project was funded by AudAID, USAID and DFID through the Special Programme for research and training in tropical diseases (TDR) and the WHO - Regional Office for the Western Pacific. Peter Chiodini is supported by the UCL Hospitals Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre Infection Theme. NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD NOV 25 PY 2009 VL 8 AR 267 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-8-267 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 530JB UT WOS:000272584500001 PM 19939271 ER PT J AU Lin, JC Liao, SK Lee, EH Hung, MS Sayion, Y Chen, HC Kang, CC Huang, LS Cherng, JM AF Lin, Jung-Chung Liao, Shuen-Kuei Lee, En-Huei Hung, Man-Shan Sayion, Yiyang Chen, Hung-Chang Kang, Chen-Chen Huang, Liang-Sheng Cherng, Jaw-Ming TI Molecular events associated with epithelial to mesenchymal transition of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in the absence of Epstein-Barr virus genome SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MEMBRANE-PROTEIN 1; HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR-1-ALPHA; LATENT MEMBRANE-PROTEIN-1; KINASE-C; TUMOR INVASION; E-CADHERIN; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; EXPRESSION; CANCER AB Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important process in tumor metastasis. The EMT-related events associated with metastasis of NPC in the absence of EBV have not been elucidated. We established an EBV-negative NPC cell line from a bone marrow biopsy of an NPC patient. Using a Matrigel system we isolated an invasive and non-invasive sublines, designated NPC-BM29 and NPC-BM00. NPC-BM29 acquired an invasive-like phenotype characterized by EMT, marked by down-regulation of E-cadherin and beta-catenin with concomitant increased expression of Ets1. NPC-BM29 cells expressed >= 10-fold higher of MMP-9 than NPC-BM00 cells. NPC-BM29 cells grew better in 2% serum than NPC-BM00 cells, with a population doubling-time of 26.8 h and 30.7 h, respectively. A marked reduction in colony-formation ability of NPC-BM00 cells compared to NPC-BM29 was observed. Wound-healing assay revealed that NPC-BM29 cells displayed higher motility than NPC-BM00 and the motility was further enhanced by cell treatment with TPA, a PKC activator. Cell surface markers and tumor-associated molecules, AE3, MAK6 and sialyl-Tn, were up-regulated in NPC-BM29 cells, whereas the expression of HLA-DR and CD54 was significantly increased in NPC-BM00 cells. NPC-BM29 consistently released higher levels of IL-8 and IL-10 than NPC-BM00, with low levels of IL-1 alpha expression in both cell lines. Higher level of VEGF production was detected in NPC-BM00 than NPC-BM29 cells. These data show that EBV is not required for exhibiting multiple metastatic phenotypes associated with EMT. More studies that target right molecules/signalings associated with the EMT may offer new therapeutic intervention options for NPC invasion and metastasis. C1 [Cherng, Jaw-Ming] Chung Shan Med Univ, Chung Shan Med Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Taichung, Taiwan. [Lin, Jung-Chung] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Liao, Shuen-Kuei; Chen, Hung-Chang; Kang, Chen-Chen] Chang Gung Univ, Coll Med, Grad Inst Clin Med Sci, Tao Yuan, Taiwan. [Liao, Shuen-Kuei; Chen, Hung-Chang; Kang, Chen-Chen] Chang Gung Univ, Coll Med, Grad Inst Biomed Sci, Tao Yuan, Taiwan. [Lee, En-Huei] Mackay Mem Hosp, Dept Med Res, Taipei, Taiwan. [Hung, Man-Shan; Sayion, Yiyang] AsiaGen, Tainan, Taiwan. [Huang, Liang-Sheng] Chang Gung Univ, Coll Med, Dept Med Biotechnol & Lab Sci, Tao Yuan, Taiwan. RP Cherng, JM (reprint author), Chung Shan Med Univ, Chung Shan Med Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med, 110 Jianguo N Rd,Sec 1, Taichung, Taiwan. EM jxl8@cdc.gov; liaosk@mail.cgu.edu.tw; grace.b580@ms1.mmh.org.tw; manshanhuang@asiagen.com.tw; yiyangsayion@asiagen.com.tw; m9601204@stmail.cgu.edu.tw; k5p5p@pchome.com.tw; b9503150@stmail.cgu.edu.tw; happy.professor@yahoo.com FU National Science Council (NSC) of Taiwan [NSC96-2320-B-320-004, NSC95-2320-B-320-011, NSC95-2320-B-182-045, NSC96-2314-B-182-017, NZRPD-180441]; Tzu Chi University [TCIRP95002-05YI] FX We thank Dr. Chong-Gee Teo for his critical reading the manuscript and comments. This work was supported in part by grants from the National Science Council (NSC) of Taiwan (NSC96-2320-B-320-004; NSC95-2320-B-320-011) and an institutional grant (TCIRP95002-05YI) of Tzu Chi University to J.-C. Lin, and from the NSC of Taiwan (NSC95-2320-B-182-045; NSC96-2314-B-182-017) to S.-K. Liao. L-S. Huang was a recipient of the Student Project Award from the NSC of Taiwan (NZRPD-180441) to carry out part of the project presented in this study. NR 55 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1021-7770 J9 J BIOMED SCI JI J. Biomed. Sci. PD NOV 24 PY 2009 VL 16 AR 105 DI 10.1186/1423-0127-16-105 PG 14 WC Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 541QI UT WOS:000273432800001 PM 19930697 ER PT J AU Zaunbrecher, MA Sikes, RD Metchock, B Shinnick, TM Posey, JE AF Zaunbrecher, M. Analise Sikes, R. David, Jr. Metchock, Beverly Shinnick, Thomas M. Posey, James E. TI Overexpression of the chromosomally encoded aminoglycoside acetyltransferase eis confers kanamycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; GENE; SURVIVAL; PROTEIN; MACROPHAGES; EXPRESSION; SMEGMATIS; AMIKACIN; PRODUCER; PROMOTER AB The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) highlights the urgent need to understand the mechanisms of resistance to the drugs used to treat this disease. The aminoglycosides kanamycin and amikacin are important bactericidal drugs used to treat MDR TB, and resistance to one or both of these drugs is a defining characteristic of extensively drug-resistant TB. We identified mutations in the -10 and -35 promoter region of the eis gene, which encodes a previously uncharacterized aminoglycoside acetyltransferase. These mutations led to a 20-180-fold increase in the amount of eis leaderless mRNA transcript, with a corresponding increase in protein expression. Importantly, these promoter mutations conferred resistance to kanamycin [5 mu g/mL < minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) <= 40 mu g/mL] but not to amikacin (MIC <4 mu g/mL). Additionally, 80% of clinical isolates examined in this study that exhibited low-level kanamycin resistance harbored eis promoter mutations. These results have important clinical implications in that clinical isolates determined to be resistant to kanamycin may not be cross-resistant to amikacin, as is often assumed. Molecular detection of eis mutations should distinguish strains resistant to kanamycin and those resistant to kanamycin and amikacin. This may help avoid excluding a potentially effective drug from a treatment regimen for drug-resistant TB. C1 [Zaunbrecher, M. Analise; Sikes, R. David, Jr.; Metchock, Beverly; Shinnick, Thomas M.; Posey, James E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zaunbrecher, M. Analise] Emory Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Rollins Res Ctr, Microbiol & Mol Genet Grad Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Posey, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jposey@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 105 Z9 113 U1 1 U2 14 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 24 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 47 BP 20004 EP 20009 DI 10.1073/pnas.0907925106 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 524YS UT WOS:000272180900049 PM 19906990 ER PT J AU Yucesoy, B Johnson, VJ Fluharty, K Kashon, ML Slaven, JE Wilson, NW Weissman, DN Biagini, RE Germolec, DR Luster, MI AF Yucesoy, Berran Johnson, Victor J. Fluharty, Kara Kashon, Michael L. Slaven, James E. Wilson, Nevin W. Weissman, David N. Biagini, Raymond E. Germolec, Dori R. Luster, Michael I. TI Influence of cytokine gene variations on immunization to childhood vaccines SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Genetics; Vaccination; Cytokine ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; HEPATITIS-B VACCINATION; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; MEASLES-VACCINE; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; CELL PROLIFERATION; HUMORAL IMMUNITY; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; VIRUS; INFANTS AB The magnitude of the immune response to vaccinations can be influenced by genetic variability. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether cytokine or cytokine receptor gene polymorphisms were associated with variations in the immune response to childhood vaccination. The study group consisted of 141 healthy infants who had been immunized with hepatitis B vaccine (HBV), 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate (PCV7), and diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccines according to standard childhood immunization schedules. Genotype analysis was performed on genomic DNA using a 5' nuclease PCR assay. Post vaccination total, isotypic, and antigen-specific serum antibody levels were measured using multiplex immunoassays. Significant associations were observed between SNPs in the TNF alpha, IL-12B, IL-4R alpha, and IL-10 genes and vaccine-specific immune responses (p < 0.05). In addition, SNPs in the IL-1 beta, TNF alpha, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-4R alpha, and IL-12B genes were associated with variations in serum levels of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM) and IgG isotypes (IgG1-IgG3) (p < 0.05). These data suggest that genetic variations in cytokine genes can influence vaccine-induced immune responses in infants, which in turn may influence vaccine efficacy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Yucesoy, Berran] NIOSH, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Kashon, Michael L.; Slaven, James E.] NIOSH, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Wilson, Nevin W.] Univ Nevada, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Weissman, David N.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Biagini, Raymond E.] NIOSH, Biomonitoring & Hlth Assessment Branch, CDC, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Germolec, Dori R.] NIEHS, Toxicol Branch, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Yucesoy, B (reprint author), NIOSH, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, CDC, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM byucesoy@cdc.gov FU Intramural Research Program of the NIEHS [YI-ES-0001] FX This work was supported in part by an Interagency Agreement with the Intramural Research Program of the NIEHS (YI-ES-0001). NR 51 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 23 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 50 BP 6991 EP 6997 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.076 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 525MT UT WOS:000272220900004 PM 19819209 ER PT J AU Memish, ZA McNabb, SJN Mahoney, F Alrabiah, F Marano, N Ahmed, QA Mahjour, J Hajjeh, RA Formenty, P Harmanci, FH El Bushra, H Uyeki, TM Nunn, M Isla, N Barbeschi, M AF Memish, Z. A. McNabb, S. J. N. Mahoney, F. Alrabiah, F. Marano, N. Ahmed, Q. A. Mahjour, J. Hajjeh, R. A. Formenty, P. Harmanci, F. H. El Bushra, H. Uyeki, T. M. Nunn, M. Isla, N. Barbeschi, M. CA Jeddah Hajj Consultancy Grp TI Establishment of public health security in Saudi Arabia for the 2009 Hajj in response to pandemic influenza A H1N1 SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; RESPIRATORY-INFECTIONS; A(H1N1) INFECTION; VIRUS-INFECTION; PILGRIMS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE; PREPAREDNESS; VACCINATION; TRAVEL AB Mass gatherings of people challenge public health capacities at host locations and the visitors' places of origin. Hajj-the yearly pilgrimage by Muslims to Saudi Arabia-is one of the largest, most culturally and geographically diverse mass gatherings in the world. With the 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 and upcoming Hajj, the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health (MoH) convened a preparedness consultation in June, 2009. Consultants from global public health agencies met in their official capacities with their Saudi Arabian counterparts. The MoH aimed to pool and share public health knowledge about mass gatherings, and review the country's preparedness plans, focusing on the prevention and control of pandemic influenza. This process resulted in several practical recommendations, many to be put into practice before the start of Hajj and the rest during Hajj. These preparedness plans should ensure the optimum provision of health services for pilgrims to Saudi Arabia, and minimum disease transmission on their return home. Review of the implementation of these recommendations and their effect will not only inform future mass gatherings in Saudi Arabia, but will also strengthen preparedness efforts in other settings. C1 [Memish, Z. A.] Minist Hlth, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia. [McNabb, S. J. N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Surveillance Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [McNabb, S. J. N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [McNabb, S. J. N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mahoney, F.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Off, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Mahoney, F.; Hajjeh, R. A.; Uyeki, T. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Alrabiah, F.] King Faisal Specialist Hosp & Res Ctr, Dept Med, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia. [Marano, N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ahmed, Q. A.] Winthrop Univ Hosp, Dept Med, Div Pulm Dis, Mineola, NY 11501 USA. [Mahjour, J.; El Bushra, H.] WHO, Div Communicable Dis Control, Eastern Mediterranean Reg Off, Cairo, Egypt. [Formenty, P.; Nunn, M.; Isla, N.; Barbeschi, M.] WHO, Dept Global Alert & Response, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Harmanci, F. H.] WHO, Global Influenza Program, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Memish, ZA (reprint author), Minist Hlth, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia. EM zmemish@yahoo.com NR 50 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD NOV 21 PY 2009 VL 374 IS 9703 BP 1786 EP 1791 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61927-9 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 525ID UT WOS:000272207700027 PM 19914707 ER PT J AU Friese, CR Magazu, LS Neville, BA Richardson, LC Earle, CC Abel, GA AF Friese, Christopher R. Magazu, Lysa S. Neville, Bridget A. Richardson, Lisa C. Earle, Craig C. Abel, Gregory A. TI Diagnostic Delays and Survival for Medicare Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in the Pre-Imatinib Era SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 51st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 05-08, 2009 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 [Friese, Christopher R.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Magazu, Lysa S.; Neville, Bridget A.; Abel, Gregory A.] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Richardson, Lisa C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Decatur, GA USA. [Earle, Craig C.] Canc Care Ontario, Inst Clin Evaluat Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 20 PY 2009 VL 114 IS 22 BP 557 EP 557 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 532DS UT WOS:000272725801549 ER PT J AU Philipp, CS Faiz, A Shrimanker, S Beckman, MG Bockenstedt, PL James, AH Manco-Johnson, MJ AF Philipp, Claire S. Faiz, Ambarina Shrimanker, Sheetal Beckman, Michele G. Bockenstedt, Paula L. James, Andra H. Manco-Johnson, Marilyn J. TI Racial Differences in Thrombotic Risk Factors Associated with Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Among Women Obtaining Care in US Thrombosis and Hemostasis Centers SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 51st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 05-08, 2009 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 [Philipp, Claire S.; Faiz, Ambarina; Shrimanker, Sheetal] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Bockenstedt, Paula L.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Beckman, Michele G.] CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [James, Andra H.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. [Manco-Johnson, Marilyn J.] Univ Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO USA. [Manco-Johnson, Marilyn J.] Childrens Hosp, Aurora, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 20 PY 2009 VL 114 IS 22 BP 1164 EP 1164 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 532DS UT WOS:000272725803537 ER PT J AU Michaels, LA Beckman, M Thornburg, C Marquez, K Kulkarni, R Pipe, SW Moll, S Manco-Johnson, M AF Michaels, Lisa A. Beckman, Michele Thornburg, Courtney Marquez, Kristy Kulkarni, Roshni Pipe, Steven W. Moll, Stephan Manco-Johnson, Marilyn TI The CDC Hemostasis and Thrombosis Centers (HTC) Pilot Sites: Data From the Pediatric Registry. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 51st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 05-08, 2009 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 [Michaels, Lisa A.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Beckman, Michele; Marquez, Kristy] CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Thornburg, Courtney] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Kulkarni, Roshni] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Pipe, Steven W.] L2110 Womens Hosp, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Moll, Stephan] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Manco-Johnson, Marilyn] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 20 PY 2009 VL 114 IS 22 BP 1167 EP 1167 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 532DS UT WOS:000272725803545 ER PT J AU Kempton, CL Soucie, JM Miller, CH Hooper, C Escobar, MA Reding, MT Cohen, AJ Key, NS Thompson, AR Manco-Johnsons, MJ Abshire, TC AF Kempton, Christine L. Soucie, J. Michael Miller, Connie H. Hooper, Craig Escobar, Miguel A. Reding, Mark T. Cohen, Alice J. Key, Nigel S. Thompson, Arthur R. Manco-Johnsons, Marilyn J. Abshire, Thomas C. TI Risk Factors for Inhibitor Development in Mild and Moderate Hemophilia A: A Case-Control Study SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 51st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 05-08, 2009 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 [Kempton, Christine L.; Abshire, Thomas C.] Emory Univ, Aflac Canc Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kempton, Christine L.; Abshire, Thomas C.] Emory Univ, Blood Disorders Serv, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kempton, Christine L.] Emory Univ, Dept Hematol & Med Oncol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Soucie, J. Michael; Miller, Connie H.; Hooper, Craig] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Escobar, Miguel A.] Univ Texas Houston, Houston Hlth Sci Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Reding, Mark T.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Cohen, Alice J.] Newark Beth Israel Med Ctr, Newark, NJ USA. [Key, Nigel S.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Thompson, Arthur R.] Puget Sound Blood Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Manco-Johnsons, Marilyn J.] Univ Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO USA. [Manco-Johnsons, Marilyn J.] Childrens Hosp, Aurora, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 20 PY 2009 VL 114 IS 22 BP 1234 EP 1234 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 532DS UT WOS:000272725803739 ER PT J AU Carpenter, S Soucie, JM Sterner, S Presley, RJ AF Carpenter, Shannon Soucie, J. Michael Sterner, Sophia Presley, Rodney J. TI Increased Prevalence of Inhibitors in Mexican-Hispanic Patients with Severe Hemophilia A Enrolled in the Universal Data Collection Project. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 51st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 05-08, 2009 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 [Carpenter, Shannon] Childrens Mercy Hosp, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA. [Soucie, J. Michael] CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sterner, Sophia] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Presley, Rodney J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hereditary Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 20 PY 2009 VL 114 IS 22 BP 1354 EP 1355 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 532DS UT WOS:000272725804153 ER EF