FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Holmberg, SD AF Holmberg, Scott D. TI Hepatitis E vaccine: not a moment too soon SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material ID E VIRUS; LARGE OUTBREAK C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis TB & STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Holmberg, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis TB & STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sdh1@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD SEP 11 PY 2010 VL 376 IS 9744 BP 849 EP 851 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61260-3 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DW UT WOS:000282069100005 PM 20728933 ER PT J AU Cohen, AL Harrison, LH Farley, MM Reingold, AL Hadler, J Schaffner, W Lynfield, R Thomas, AR Campsmith, M Li, JM Schuchat, A Moore, MR AF Cohen, Adam L. Harrison, Lee H. Farley, Monica M. Reingold, Arthur L. Hadler, James Schaffner, William Lynfield, Ruth Thomas, Ann R. Campsmith, Michael Li, Jianmin Schuchat, Anne Moore, Matthew R. CA Active Bacterial Core Surveillance TI Prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease among HIV-infected adults in the era of childhood pneumococcal immunization SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; HIV; opportunistic infections; pneumococcal vaccines; Streptococcus pneumoniae ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; CONJUGATE VACCINE; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE; UNITED-STATES; TRIAL; PREVALENCE; CARRIAGE; CHILDREN AB Objective: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and AIDS increase the risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). We evaluated IPD among HIV-infected adults over a 10-year period in the US to identify opportunities for prevention of IPD among HIV-infected adults. Design: IPD and HIV surveillance in seven population-based and laboratory-based Active Bacterial Core surveillance areas. Methods: IPD cases were adults 18-64 years old with pneumococcus isolated from a normally sterile site during 1998-2007. Isolates were serotyped using the Quellung reaction. HIV/AIDS status was determined by medical record review. We calculated incidence of IPD among adults with AIDS using national case-based surveillance data. Results: Of 13 812 IPD cases among 18-64-year-olds, 3236 (23%) occurred among HIV-infected adults (with or without AIDS) and 1313 (10%) occurred among the subset of HIV-infected adults with AIDS. Compared with the period (1998-1999) before childhood 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) introduction in the US, the overall incidence of IPD among adults with AIDS decreased 25% from 399 to 298 cases per 100 000 by 2007 (P = 0.008). In 2006-2007, 8, 39 and 55% of IPD cases among adults with AIDS were caused by serotypes included in the 7-valent PCV, 13-valent PCV and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines, respectively. Conclusion: Sustained declines in IPD have occurred among adults with AIDS in the US, but incidence remained high 7 years after PCV7 introduction. More aggressive efforts, including HIV-prevention measures and the use of new PCVs in children and possibly HIV-infected adults, are necessary to further reduce IPD among HIV-infected adults. (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Cohen, Adam L.; Moore, Matthew R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Campsmith, Michael; Li, Jianmin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schuchat, Anne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Maryland Emerging Infect Program, Baltimore, MD USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Reingold, Arthur L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hadler, James] Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, Hartford, CT USA. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Lynfield, Ruth] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Thomas, Ann R.] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Oregon Emerging Infect Program, Portland, OR USA. RP Cohen, AL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dvj1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX We would especially like to thank Bernard W. Beall, PhD, and the CDC Streptococcal Laboratory for their laboratory testing and critical review of the manuscript. A.L.C. and M.R.M. conceived and designed the study, conducted the analysis and interpretation, and drafted the paper. L.H.H., M.M.F., A.L.R., J.H., W.S., R.L., and A.R.T. acquired the pneumococcal data in the field sites, contributed to analysis and interpretation of the results, and revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content. M.C. and J.L. acquired the HIV surveillance data, contributed to analysis and interpretation of the results, and revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content. A.S. contributed to conception, design, analysis and interpretation of the results, and revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content. All authors approved the final version to be published. Funded by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Emerging Infections Program. NR 32 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD SEP 10 PY 2010 VL 24 IS 14 BP 2253 EP 2262 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833d46fd PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 642VN UT WOS:000281249200014 PM 20671543 ER PT J AU Reyes-Teran, G Butera, ST AF Reyes-Teran, Gustavo Butera, Salvatore T. TI Preventing influenza coinfection among HIV-infected persons: a complex picture coming into focus SO AIDS LA English DT Editorial Material DE CD4 cell count; HIV; influenza; vaccine ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; IMMUNOGENICITY; VACCINATION; MORTALITY; ADULTS C1 [Reyes-Teran, Gustavo] Natl Inst Resp Dis, Ctr Res Infect Dis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Butera, Salvatore T.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Reyes-Teran, G (reprint author), Inst Nacl Enfermedades Resp Ismael Cosio Villegas, Ctr Invest Enfermedades Infecciosas, Calzada Tlalpan 4502, Mexico City 14080, DF, Mexico. EM gustavo.reyes@cieni.org.mx NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD SEP 10 PY 2010 VL 24 IS 14 BP 2283 EP 2285 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833dbcd2 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 642VN UT WOS:000281249200018 PM 20651584 ER PT J AU Halder, AK Tronchet, C Akhter, S Bhuiya, A Johnston, R Luby, SP AF Halder, Amal K. Tronchet, Carole Akhter, Shamima Bhuiya, Abbas Johnston, Richard Luby, Stephen P. TI Observed hand cleanliness and other measures of handwashing behavior in rural Bangladesh SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID HYGIENE BEHAVIOR; BURKINA-FASO; QUESTIONNAIRES; DIARRHEA; HEALTH; GHANA AB Background: We analyzed data from the baseline assessment of a large intervention project to describe typical handwashing practices in rural Bangladesh, and compare measures of hand cleanliness with household characteristics. Methods: We randomly selected 100 villages from 36 districts in rural Bangladesh. Field workers identified 17 eligible households per village using systematic sampling. Field workers conducted 5-hour structured observations in 1000 households, and a cross-sectional assessment in 1692 households that included spot checks, an evaluation of hand cleanliness and a request that residents demonstrate their usual handwashing practices after defecation. Results: Although 47% of caregivers reported and 51% demonstrated washing both hands with soap after defecation, in structured observation, only 33% of caregivers and 14% of all persons observed washed both hands with soap after defecation. Less than 1% used soap and water for handwashing before eating and/or feeding a child. More commonly people washed their hands only with water, 23% after defecation and 5% before eating. Spot checks during the cross sectional survey classified 930 caregivers (55%) and 453 children (28%) as having clean appearing hands. In multivariate analysis economic status and water available at handwashing locations were significantly associated with hand cleanliness among both caregivers and children. Conclusions: A minority of rural Bangladeshi residents washed both hands with soap at key handwashing times, though rinsing hands with only water was more common. To realize the health benefits of handwashing, efforts to improve handwashing in these communities should target adding soap to current hand rinsing practices. C1 [Halder, Amal K.; Akhter, Shamima; Bhuiya, Abbas; Luby, Stephen P.] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Tronchet, Carole; Johnston, Richard] UNICEF Bangladesh, Water & Environm Sanitat Sect, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Luby, Stephen P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Halder, AK (reprint author), Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. EM amalk@icddrb.org FU United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID) through UNICEF Bangladesh FX This research study was funded by the United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID) through UNICEF Bangladesh. ICDDR, B acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of DFID and UNICEF to the Centre's research efforts. NR 30 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 12 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD SEP 9 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 545 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-10-545 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 655HM UT WOS:000282239900003 PM 20828412 ER PT J AU Mayo, L Dionne-Odom, J Talbot, EA Adamski, C Bean, C Daly, ER Gao, F Gougelet, R Montero, J Morse, D Smith, J Berry, R McGarry, F Wimsatt, M Stamm, L Madoff, L Gauthier, C Nalipinski, M Hoffmaster, AR Shadomy, SV Pesik, NT Smith, TL Rose, LJ Martinez, K Burrer, SL Stauffer, K AF Mayo, L. Dionne-Odom, J. Talbot, E. A. Adamski, C. Bean, C. Daly, E. R. Gao, F. Gougelet, R. Montero, J. Morse, D. Smith, J. Berry, R. McGarry, F. Wimsatt, M. Stamm, L. Madoff, L. Gauthier, C. Nalipinski, M. Hoffmaster, A. R. Shadomy, S. V. Pesik, N. T. Smith, T. L. Rose, L. J. Martinez, K. Burrer, S. L. Stauffer, K. CA Ctr Dis Control Prevent TI Gastrointestinal Anthrax After an Animal-Hide Drumming Event-New Hampshire and Massachusetts, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 872-877, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Mayo, L.] Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. [Dionne-Odom, J.; Talbot, E. A.; Adamski, C.; Bean, C.; Daly, E. R.; Gao, F.; Gougelet, R.; Montero, J.; Morse, D.; Smith, J.] New Hampshire Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Concord, NH 03301 USA. [Stamm, L.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Madoff, L.; Gauthier, C.] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Martinez, K.] NIOSH, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Burrer, S. L.; Stauffer, K.] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mayo, L (reprint author), Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 8 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 10 BP 1061 EP 1064 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 646RM UT WOS:000281559800009 ER PT J AU Belongia, EA Irving, SA Waring, SC Coleman, LA Meece, JK Vandermause, M Lindstrom, S Kempf, D Shay, DK AF Belongia, Edward A. Irving, Stephanie A. Waring, Stephen C. Coleman, Laura A. Meece, Jennifer K. Vandermause, Mary Lindstrom, Stephen Kempf, Debra Shay, David K. TI Clinical Characteristics and 30-Day Outcomes for Influenza A 2009 (H1N1), 2008-2009 (H1N1), and 2007-2008 (H3N2) Infections SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; UNITED-STATES; NASOPHARYNGEAL ASPIRATE; A(H1N1) INFECTION; NASAL SWAB; VIRUS; AUSTRALIA; OSELTAMIVIR; MARSHFIELD; CALIFORNIA AB Context The clinical characteristics of pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) infections have not been compared directly with illnesses caused by other influenza A strains. Objective To compare clinical features and outcomes for 2009 H1N1, seasonal H1N1, and H3N2 influenza in a population-based cohort. Design, Setting, and Participants Active surveillance with 30-day follow-up for influenza cases among children and adults living in a 14-zip code area in Wisconsin. Patients with subjective fever, chills, or cough of fewer than 8 days' duration were screened for eligibility during an outpatient or inpatient encounter. Consenting patients were interviewed and tested for influenza A during the 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 influenza seasons and from May to November 2009; 6874 patients (70%-86% of eligible patients) agreed to participate. Medical records were reviewed to assess outcomes. Main Outcome Measures Hospital admission, radiographically confirmed pneumonia, and clinical characteristics of influenza A by strain. Results We identified 545 2009 H1N1, 221 seasonal H1N1, and 632 H3N2 infections. The median ages of infected participants were 10, 11, and 25 years, respectively (P<.001). Hospital admission occurred within 30 days for 6 of 395 children with 2009 H1N1 (1.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.6%-3.1%), 5 of 135 with seasonal H1N1 (3.7%; 95% CI, 1.4%-8.0%), and 8 of 255 with H3N2 (3.1%; 95% CI, 1.5%-5.9%). Among adults, hospital admission occurred in 6 of 150 with 2009 H1N1 (4.0%; 95% CI, 1.6%-8.1%), 2 of 86 with seasonal H1N1 (2.3%; 95% CI, 0.3%-8.1%), and 17 of 377 with H3N2 (4.5%; 95% CI, 2.7%-7.0%). Pneumonia occurred in 10 children with 2009 H1N1 (2.5%; 95% CI, 1.3%-4.5%), 2 with seasonal H1N1 (1.5%; 95% CI, 0.2%-5.2%), and 5 with H3N2 (2.0%; 95% CI, 0.7%-4.3%). Among adults, pneumonia occurred in 6 with 2009 H1N1 (4.0%; 95% CI, 1.6%-8.1%), 2 with seasonal H1N1 (2.3%; 95% CI, 0.3%-8.1%), and 4 with H3N2 (1.1%; 95% CI, 0.3%-2.7%). Conclusions In this population, individuals with 2009 H1N1 infection were younger than those with H3N2. The risk of most serious complications was not elevated in adults or children with 2009 H1N1 compared with recent seasonal strains. JAMA. 2010; 304(10): 1091-1098 C1 [Belongia, Edward A.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Epidemiol Res Ctr ML2, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Lindstrom, Stephen; Shay, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Belongia, EA (reprint author), Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Epidemiol Res Ctr ML2, 1000 N Oak Ave, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. EM belongia.edward@marshfieldclinic.org OI Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 FU CDC [1 U01 CI000192-01] FX Funding for this research was provided by a cooperative agreement with the CDC (grant 1 U01 CI000192-01). NR 27 TC 91 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 8 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 10 BP 1091 EP 1098 DI 10.1001/jama.2010.1277 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 646RM UT WOS:000281559800019 PM 20823435 ER PT J AU Griffin, JT Cairns, M Ghani, AC Roper, C Schellenberg, D Carneiro, I Newman, RD Grobusch, MP Greenwood, B Chandramohan, D Gosling, RD AF Griffin, Jamie T. Cairns, Matthew Ghani, Azra C. Roper, Cally Schellenberg, David Carneiro, Ilona Newman, Robert D. Grobusch, Martin P. Greenwood, Brian Chandramohan, Daniel Gosling, Roly D. TI Protective Efficacy of Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in Infants (IPTi) Using Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine and Parasite Resistance SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUG RESISTANCE; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; DIHYDROPTEROATE SYNTHASE GENE; MOLECULAR MARKERS; DOUBLE-BLIND; UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA; ROUTINE VACCINATIONS; COMBINATION THERAPY; MOZAMBICAN INFANTS AB Background: Intermittent Preventive Treatment of malaria in infants using sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP-IPTi) is recommended by WHO for implementation in settings where resistance to SP is not high. Here we examine the relationship between the protective efficacy of SP-IPTi and measures of SP resistance. Methods and Results: We analysed the relationship between protective efficacy reported in the 7 SP-IPTi trials and contemporaneous data from 6 in vivo efficacy studies using SP and 7 molecular studies reporting frequency of dhfr triple and dhps double mutations within 50km of the trial sites. We found a borderline significant association between frequency of the dhfr triple mutation and protective efficacy to 12 months of age of SP-IPTi. This association is significantly biased due to differences between studies, namely number of doses of SP given and follow up times. However, fitting a simple probabilistic model to determine the relationship between the frequency of the dhfr triple, dhps double and dhfr/dhps quintuple mutations associated with resistance to SP and protective efficacy, we found a significant inverse relationship between the dhfr triple mutation frequency alone and the dhfr/dhps quintuple mutations and efficacy at 35 days post the 9 month dose and up to 12 months of age respectively. Conclusions: A significant relationship was found between the frequency of the dhfr triple mutation and SP-IPTi protective efficacy at 35 days post the 9 month dose. An association between the protective efficacy to 12 months of age and dhfr triple and dhfr/dhps quintuple mutations was found but should be viewed with caution due to bias. It was not possible to define a more definite relationship based on the data available from these trials. C1 [Griffin, Jamie T.; Ghani, Azra C.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, MRC Ctr Outbreak Anal & Modelling, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London, England. [Cairns, Matthew; Roper, Cally; Schellenberg, David; Carneiro, Ilona; Greenwood, Brian; Chandramohan, Daniel; Gosling, Roly D.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, London WC1, England. [Newman, Robert D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Grobusch, Martin P.] Univ Amsterdam, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis Trop Med & AIDS, Amsterdam Med Ctr, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Grobusch, Martin P.] Hosp Albert Schweitzer, Med Res Unit, Lambarene, Gabon. RP Griffin, JT (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, MRC Ctr Outbreak Anal & Modelling, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London, England. EM Roly.Gosling@Gmail.com RI Ghani, Azra/B-8560-2009; Roper, Cally/K-2989-2013 OI Roper, Cally/0000-0002-6545-309X FU IPTi Consortium, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [38773] FX This study was funded by the IPTi Consortium through a grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation grant number 38773. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 39 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 7 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 9 AR e12618 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0012618 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 647PO UT WOS:000281631300038 PM 20838642 ER PT J AU Khetsuriani, N Imnadze, P Baidoshvili, L Jabidze, L Tatishili, N Kurtsikashvili, G Lezhava, T Laurent, E Martin, R AF Khetsuriani, N. Imnadze, P. Baidoshvili, L. Jabidze, L. Tatishili, N. Kurtsikashvili, G. Lezhava, T. Laurent, E. Martin, R. TI Impact of unfounded vaccine safety concerns on the nationwide measles-rubella immunization campaign, Georgia, 2008 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Mass immunization campaigns; Vaccine safety; Measles-rubella vaccine; Georgia; European Region; Adverse events following immunization ID MASS PSYCHOGENIC ILLNESS; ARJENYATTAH EPIDEMIC; EUROPEAN REGION; HEALTH; RISK; COMMUNICATION; AMPLIFICATION; ELIMINATION; HYSTERIA; OUTBREAK AB Vaccine safety fears following media reports of adverse events led to low (50.3%) coverage in a supplementary measles-rubella immunization campaign in Georgia in 2008. Review of adverse events associated with the campaign identified 432 reports (< 0.1% of similar to 493,000 vaccinees) including 338 (78.2%) cases of syncope. There were no deaths. Causality assessment was performed for 79 cases perceived by providers as severe and with clinical details available. Conditions likely caused by the vaccine were identified in 13 (16.5%) cases (allergic and local reactions, thrombocytopenia). Thirty-seven (46.8%) cases had symptoms consistent with syncope or anxiety attack; 36 (97.3%) of them were initially misdiagnosed as anaphylactic shock/allergies/"postvaccinal reactions". Twenty-nine (36.7%) cases had coincidental illnesses. Safety fears were unfounded and exaggerated by media reports and providers' difficulties in recognizing syncope/anxiety attacks. Risk communication strategies to address perceived vaccine safety concerns are urgently needed to ensure that the goal of measles and rubella elimination in the European Region of the World Health Organization is met. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Khetsuriani, N.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Imnadze, P.; Baidoshvili, L.; Jabidze, L.] Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Tatishili, N.] Iashvili Childrens Hosp, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Kurtsikashvili, G.; Lezhava, T.] WHO, Off Georgia, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Laurent, E.; Martin, R.] WHO, Reg Off Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Khetsuriani, N (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nck7@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD SEP 7 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 39 BP 6455 EP 6462 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.07.043 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 656ZE UT WOS:000282378900010 PM 20674880 ER PT J AU Robertson, K Recuenco, S Niezgoda, M Garcia, EJ Rupprecht, CE AF Robertson, Kis Recuenco, Sergio Niezgoda, Michael Garcia, Enid J. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Seroconversion following incomplete human rabies postexposure prophylaxis SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Rabies; Immunogenicity; Seroconversion ID VACCINE AB In August 2008, CDC and the Puerto Rico Department of Health conducted a serosurvey of patients who had discontinued rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) prior to completing a schedule of five vaccine doses. The objective was to determine whether further vaccination of these patients was needed based on serum rabies neutralizing antibody levels. Eighteen patients consented to serology using the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test. The World Health Organization's cutoff value of 0.5 IU/mL was used as the basis for recommending PEP continuance, while complete virus neutralization at the 1:5 dilution indicated seroconversion per current Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices recommendations. Serum samples were collected a median of 147 days (range 24-215) after receipt of the last vaccine dose. Ten patients were recommended for PEP continuance for titers below 0.5 IU/mL; however, of 11 patients, 33% of 2-dose, 100% of 3-dose, and 100% of 4-dose patients exhibited seroconversion. These findings corroborate previous studies that suggest a less than five-dose rabies vaccine regimen elicits adequate immunogenicity against rabies. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Robertson, Kis] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Recuenco, Sergio; Niezgoda, Michael; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Robertson, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kir6@cdc.gov OI Recuenco-Cabrera, Sergio/0000-0002-8446-7411 NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD SEP 7 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 39 BP 6523 EP 6526 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.06.102 PG 4 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 656ZE UT WOS:000282378900019 PM 20637309 ER PT J AU Vinnard, C Winston, CA Wileyto, EP MacGregor, RR Bisson, GP AF Vinnard, Christopher Winston, Carla A. Wileyto, E. Paul MacGregor, Rob Roy Bisson, Gregory P. TI Isoniazid resistance and death in patients with tuberculous meningitis: retrospective cohort study SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ANTITUBERCULOSIS DRUG-RESISTANCE; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; HIGH PREVALENCE; MISSING VALUES; IMPUTATION; ADULTS; HIV; CHEMOTHERAPY; PYRAZINAMIDE; PENETRATION AB Objective To determine whether initial isoniazid resistance is associated with death during the treatment of tuberculous meningitis. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting National Tuberculosis Surveillance System at the Centers for Disease Control in the United States. Participants Patients with a clinical diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis, reported to the National Tuberculosis Surveillance System between 1 January 1993 and 31 December 2005. Main outcome measure All cause mortality during antituberculous treatment. Results Between 1993 and 2005, 1896 patients had a clinical diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis and positive cultures from any site. In 123 (6%) of these patients, isoniazid resistance was present on initial susceptibility testing. The unadjusted association between initial isoniazid resistance and subsequent death among these 1896 patients did not reach statistical significance (odds ratio 1.38, 95% confidence interval 0.94 to 2.02). However, among 1614 patients with positive cerebrospinal fluid cultures, a significant unadjusted association was found between initial isoniazid resistance and subsequent death (odds ratio 1.61, 1.08 to 2.40). This association increased after adjustment for age, race, sex, and HIV status (odds ratio 2.07, 1.30 to 3.29). Conclusions Isoniazid resistance on initial susceptibility testing was associated with subsequent death among cases of tuberculous meningitis with positive cerebrospinal fluid cultures. Randomised controlled trials are needed to evaluate the optimal empirical regimen for treating patients with tuberculous meningitis who are at high risk for both initial isoniazid resistance and poor clinical outcomes. C1 [Vinnard, Christopher; MacGregor, Rob Roy; Bisson, Gregory P.] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Vinnard, Christopher; Wileyto, E. Paul; Bisson, Gregory P.] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Winston, Carla A.] Ctr Dis Control, Div TB Eliminat, Surveillance Epidemiol & Outbreak Invest Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wileyto, E. Paul] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Vinnard, C (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 502 Johnson Pavil,3610 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM christopher.vinnard@uphs.upenn.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [T32 AI055435, T32 AI055435-07] NR 34 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-535X J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD SEP 6 PY 2010 VL 341 AR c4451 DI 10.1136/bmj.c4451 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 649ZH UT WOS:000281814700001 PM 20819874 ER PT J AU Chace, DH Luo, ZZ De Jesus, VR Haynes, CA Hannon, WH AF Chace, Donald H. Luo, Zuzheng De Jesus, Victor R. Haynes, Christopher A. Hannon, W. Harry TI Potential loss of methionine following extended storage of newborn screening samples prepared for tandem mass spectrometry analysis SO CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Tandem mass spectrometry; Amino acids; Methionine; Dried-blood spots; Newborn screening AB Background: Methionine (Met) is a key metabolite used in the newborn screening of homocystinuria by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Recently, a loss of ion counts in both Met and its deuterium-labeled internal standard ((2)H(3)-Met) was observed by the CDC's Newborn Screening Quality Assurance Program laboratory. We report on the stability of labeled and unlabeled Met solutions and their storage in two types of 96 well microtiter plates to illustrate the potential loss of Met following storage of samples prior to MS/MS analysis. Methods: Neat labeled and unlabeled Met standards were prepared and added (25, 50 and 100 mu l) to two different types of microtiter plates, dried under nitrogen and stored for up to 168 h. All samples were reconstituted in mobile phase and analyzed as free acids for simplification of the study. Results and conclusions: Met appears to interact significantly with polystyrene microtiter plates and to a much lesser extent with polypropylene microtiter plates. Furthermore, the loss is greatest for lower concentrations of methionine. While this loss of Met signal may be unimportant due to a presumption of equal loss of (2)H(3)-Met, a significant decline in ion signals will cause greater error in the calculation of concentration. These results suggest that polypropylene may be a better choice for Met analysis. Furthermore, storing prepared samples prior to analysis may impact the quality of the MS/MS analysis for Met and potentially other metabolites. Plates used by newborn screening laboratories should be evaluated periodically if the signal intensity for Met is reduced. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chace, Donald H.] Pediat Med Grp Inc, Ctr Res & Educ, Sunrise, FL 33323 USA. [Luo, Zuzheng; De Jesus, Victor R.; Haynes, Christopher A.; Hannon, W. Harry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening Qual Assurance Program, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Chace, DH (reprint author), Pediat Med Grp Inc, Ctr Res & Educ, 1301 Concord Terrace, Sunrise, FL 33323 USA. EM donald_chace@pediatrix.com FU U.S. Department of Energy; CDC FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the CDC. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-8981 J9 CLIN CHIM ACTA JI Clin. Chim. Acta PD SEP 6 PY 2010 VL 411 IS 17-18 BP 1284 EP 1286 DI 10.1016/j.cca.2010.05.011 PG 3 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 627IT UT WOS:000280033400021 PM 20478282 ER PT J AU Jenkins, BWC Sarpong, D Hickson, D White, W White, MS Addison, C Burchfiel, C AF Jenkins, B. W. Campbell Sarpong, D. Hickson, D. White, W. White, M. S. Addison, C. Burchfiel, C. TI EXAMINATION OF THE JOINT EFFECTS OF SMOKING AND SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE ON LUNG FUNCTION IN AFRICAN AMERICANS: THE JACKSON HEART STUDY COHORT SO ETHNICITY & DISEASE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jenkins, B. W. Campbell; Sarpong, D.; Hickson, D.; White, M. S.; Addison, C.] Jackson State Univ, Jackson, MS USA. [White, W.] Tougaloo Coll, Tougaloo, MS USA. [Burchfiel, C.] NIOSH, CDC, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HYPERTENSION BLACKS-ISHIB PI ATLANTA PA 100 AUBURN AVE NE STE 401, ATLANTA, GA 30303-2527 USA SN 1049-510X J9 ETHNIC DIS JI Ethn. Dis. PD FAL PY 2010 VL 20 IS 4 MA 007 BP S34 EP S34 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 702RK UT WOS:000285911600035 ER PT J AU Nelson, DE Naimi, TS Brewer, RD Roeber, J AF Nelson, David E. Naimi, Timothy S. Brewer, Robert D. Roeber, James TI US state alcohol sales compared to survey data, 1993-2006 SO ADDICTION LA English DT Article DE Alcohol abuse; alcohol drinking; cross-sectional studies; drinking behaviors; health surveys; statistics ID LIVER-CIRRHOSIS MORTALITY; MEASURING QUANTITY; POPULATION-LEVEL; TELEPHONE SURVEY; CONSUMPTION; DRINKING; FREQUENCY; VALIDITY; PREVENTION; EXPERIENCE AB Aims Assess long-term trends of the correlation between alcohol sales data and survey data. Design Analyses of state alcohol consumption data from the US Alcohol Epidemiologic Data System based on sales, tax receipts or alcohol shipments. Cross-sectional, state annual estimates of alcohol-related measures for adults from the US Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System using telephone surveys. Setting United States. Participants State alcohol tax authorities, alcohol vendors, alcohol industry (sales data) and randomly selected adults aged >= 18 years 1993-2006 (survey data). Measurements State-level per capita annual alcohol consumption estimates from sales data. Self-reported alcohol consumption, current drinking, heavy drinking, binge drinking and alcohol-impaired driving from surveys. Correlation coefficients were calculated using linear regression models. Findings State survey estimates of consumption accounted for amedian of 22% to 32% of state sales data across years. Nevertheless, state consumption estimates from both sources were strongly correlated with annual r-values ranging from 0.55-0.71. State sales data had moderate-to-strong correlations with survey estimates of current drinking, heavy drinking and binge drinking (range of r-values across years: 0.57-0.65; 0.33-0.70 and 0.45-0.61, respectively), but a weaker correlation with alcoholimpaired driving (range of r-values: 0.24-0.56). There were no trends in the magnitude of correlation coefficients. Conclusions Although state surveys substantially underestimated alcohol consumption, the consistency of the strength of the association between sales consumption and survey data for most alcohol measures suggest both data sources continue to provide valuable information. These findings support and extend the distribution of consumption model and single distribution theory, suggesting that both sales and survey data are useful for monitoring population changes in alcohol use. C1 [Nelson, David E.] NCI, Canc Prevent Fellowship Program, Ctr Canc Training, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Nelson, David E.; Naimi, Timothy S.; Brewer, Robert D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Alcohol Team, Emerging Invest & Analyt Methods Branch, Div Adult & Community Hlth,Natl Ctr Chron Dis Pre, Atlanta, GA USA. [Roeber, James] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Nelson, DE (reprint author), NCI, Canc Prevent Fellowship Program, Ctr Canc Training, 6120 Execut Blvd,Suite 150E,MSC 7105, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM nelsonde@mail.nih.gov RI Stockwell, Tim/B-6662-2012 NR 50 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0965-2140 J9 ADDICTION JI Addiction PD SEP PY 2010 VL 105 IS 9 BP 1589 EP 1596 DI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03007.x PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 635PK UT WOS:000280668200017 PM 20626370 ER PT J AU Kistner, J Counts-Allan, C Dunkel, S Drew, CH David-Ferdon, C Lopez, C AF Kistner, Janet Counts-Allan, Carla Dunkel, Stephanie Drew, Catherine Hardee David-Ferdon, Corinne Lopez, Cristina TI Sex Differences in Relational and Overt Aggression in the Late Elementary School Years SO AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE sex differences; relational aggression; overt aggression ID SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; MIDDLE CHILDHOOD; GIRLS; ACCEPTANCE; FRIENDSHIP; BEHAVIOR; PREDICTORS; CHILDREN; ISSUES AB Sex differences in relational and overt aggression among 3rd (n = 176), 4th (a = 179), and 5th graders (n = 145) from three public schools (n = 500; 278 girls) were examined. Nominations of relational aggression increased over time among 4th and 5th grade girls, but not among boys or 3rd grade girls. Among 3rd graders, boys received more nominations for relational aggression than girls. By the end of the 5th grade, girls received more relational aggression nominations than boys. There was also a significant rise in nominations of overt aggression among 5th grade girls, but not among 5th grade boys or younger boys and girls. As expected, boys were more likely than girls to be nominated for overt aggression at all grade levels. The findings are helpful for explaining inconsistencies of earlier research pertaining to sex differences in relational aggression and for advancing our understanding of the causes of aggression. Aggr. Behav. 36:282-291, 2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Kistner, Janet; Counts-Allan, Carla; Dunkel, Stephanie; Drew, Catherine Hardee; Lopez, Cristina] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [David-Ferdon, Corinne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Ctr Environm Hlth & Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kistner, J (reprint author), Florida State Univ, 1107 W Call St, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM kistner@psy.fsu.edu NR 36 TC 12 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 12 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0096-140X J9 AGGRESSIVE BEHAV JI Aggressive Behav. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 36 IS 5 BP 282 EP 291 DI 10.1002/ab.20350 PG 10 WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology GA 641MS UT WOS:000281131500002 PM 20593425 ER PT J AU Bergenstrom, AM Abdul-Quader, AS AF Bergenstrom, Anne M. Abdul-Quader, Abu S. TI Injection drug use, HIV and the current response in selected low-income and middle-income countries SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE Asia; harm reduction; HIV; injection drug use ID MAINTENANCE TREATMENT; BANGLADESH; PEOPLE; INTERVENTION; PREVALENCE; NUMBER; CHINA; RISK AB Over half of the world's estimated opiate users reside in Asia, including an estimated 3.9 million injecting drug users (IDUs). Injection drug use is a significant factor in determining the course of HIV epidemics, particularly during the early stages of epidemics in Asian countries. Several countries report high HIV prevalence in this population and IDUs account for a large proportion of reported infections. The purpose of this review is to examine the current status of the epidemic, the availability and coverage of select interventions recommended by WHO, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crimes (UNODC) and United Nations Joint Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), resource requirements for scaling-up harm reduction in Asia, gaps in the national response, barriers to implementation and recommendations for overcoming barriers to scaling up prevention, treatment and care services for IDUs in the region. (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Abdul-Quader, Abu S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bergenstrom, Anne M.] HIV AIDS Prevent & Care, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Abdul-Quader, AS (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Strateg Informat Branch, Global AIDS Program, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM afa3@cdc.gov NR 68 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD SEP PY 2010 VL 24 SU 3 BP S20 EP S29 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 674RU UT WOS:000283766400004 PM 20926924 ER PT J AU Torrone, EA Thomas, JC Maman, S Pettifor, AE Kaufman, JS Sena, AC Hightow-Weidman, LB AF Torrone, Elizabeth Ann Thomas, James C. Maman, Suzanne Pettifor, Audrey E. Kaufman, Jay S. Sena, Arlene C. Hightow-Weidman, Lisa B. TI Risk Behavior Disclosure During HIV Test Counseling SO AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE SETTINGS; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE-CONTROL; NORTH-CAROLINA; SEX; MEN; RECOMMENDATIONS; TRANSMISSION; PARTICIPATION; POPULATION AB Individualized risk assessments during HIV testing are an integral component of prevention counseling, a currently recommended behavioral intervention for patients in high-risk settings. Additionally, aggregate risk assessment data are the source of aggregate behavioral statistics that inform prevention programs and allocation of resources. Consequently, inaccurate or incomplete risk behavior disclosure during test counseling may impact the efficacy of the counseling intervention, as well as bias aggregate behavioral statistics. To quantify client-reported accuracy during the risk assessment and identify barriers and facilitators to risk behavior disclosure, we interviewed young men accessing HIV testing services in a southeastern United States city using mixed methodology. Data were collected from August 2007 to April 2008. Based on data collected via an audio and computer-assisted self-interview (n = 203), over 30% of men reported that they were not accurate during the risk assessment. Participants reported numerous interpersonal facilitators to complete disclosure. During qualitative interviews (n = 25), participants revealed that many did not understand the purpose of the risk assessment. Findings suggest that risk assessments completed during HIV test counseling may be incomplete. Modifications to the risk assessment process, including better explaining the role of the risk assessment in prevention counseling, may increase the validity of the data. C1 [Torrone, Elizabeth Ann; Thomas, James C.; Pettifor, Audrey E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kaufman, Jay S.] McGill Univ, Dept Epidemiol Biostat & Occupat Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Maman, Suzanne] Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Sena, Arlene C.; Hightow-Weidman, Lisa B.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Sena, Arlene C.] Durham Cty Hlth Dept, Durham, NC USA. RP Torrone, EA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NW,MS E02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ETorrone@cdc.gov RI Maman, Suzanne/A-3802-2016; OI Kaufman, Jay/0000-0003-1606-401X FU University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research [P30 AI50410] FX This research was support in part by grant # P30 AI50410 from the University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research. This study could not have been possible without the young men who shared their thoughts and opinions. We thank the staff at the Durham County Health Department, especially the HIV counselors, for their assistance in recruiting participants. NR 49 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1087-2914 J9 AIDS PATIENT CARE ST JI Aids Patient Care STDS PD SEP PY 2010 VL 24 IS 9 BP 551 EP 561 DI 10.1089/apc.2010.0087 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 646BO UT WOS:000281510100004 PM 20718688 ER PT J AU Hamrick, SEG Strickland, MJ Shapira, SK Autry, A Schendel, D AF Hamrick, Shannon E. G. Strickland, Matthew J. Shapira, Stuart K. Autry, Andrew Schendel, Diana TI Use of Special Education Services Among Children With and Without Congenital Gastrointestinal Anomalies SO AJIDD-AMERICAN JOURNAL ON INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES LA English DT Article ID BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANTS; HYPOTHERMIC CIRCULATORY ARREST; FLOW CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; ABDOMINAL-WALL DEFECTS; ESOPHAGEAL ATRESIA; HEART-SURGERY; PERIVENTRICULAR LEUKOMALACIA; NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS; NEONATAL INFECTION; CARDIAC-SURGERY AB Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between congenital gastrointestinal anomalies requiring neonatal surgery and neurodevelopmental outcome. Among the children born in metropolitan Atlanta during 1982-2001 who survived to age 1 year (N = 762,824), we identified children with congenital gastrointestinal anomalies via linkage with the Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program and children who received special education services via linkage with the Special Education Database of Metropolitan Atlanta. Several modest increases in special education service use were observed among children with isolated congenital gastrointestinal anomalies; no association was statistically significant. Among children with Hirschsprung disease, gastroschisis, esophageal atresia, intestinal malrotation, bowel atresia, or imperforate anus who had multiple anomalies, we observed statistically significant increases in special education service use. C1 [Hamrick, Shannon E. G.] Emory Univ, Div Neonatol, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Strickland, Matthew J.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Shapira, Stuart K.; Autry, Andrew; Schendel, Diana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hamrick, SEG (reprint author), Emory Univ, Div Neonatol, Sch Med, 2015 Uppergate Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM sehamri@emory.edu NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES PI WASHINGTON PA 444 N CAPITOL ST, NW STE 846, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-1512 USA SN 1944-7515 J9 AJIDD-AM J INTELLECT JI AJIDD-Am. J. Intellect. Dev. Disabil. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 115 IS 5 BP 421 EP 432 DI 10.1352/1944-7558-115-5.421 PG 12 WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation GA 647KH UT WOS:000281616900005 PM 20687825 ER PT J AU Hinkle, SN Sharma, AJ Dietz, PM AF Hinkle, Stefanie N. Sharma, Andrea J. Dietz, Patricia M. TI Gestational weight gain in obese mothers and associations with fetal growth SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; BIRTH-WEIGHT; PREGNANCY; MACROSOMIA; AGE; RESTRICTION; PREVALENCE; OUTCOMES; WOMEN; RISK AB Background: In 2009, the Institute of Medicine recommended gestational weight gains (GWGs) of 5-9 kg for all obese women. Recommendations by severity of obesity were not specified because of a lack of available data. Objective: Our objective was to examine associations between GWG and fetal growth in obese women and assess interactions with obesity severity. Design: We used 2004-2006 Pregnancy Nutrition Surveillance System data from 122,327 obese mothers [prepregnant body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) >= 30]. We used logistic regression to estimate measures of fetal growth including small-for-gestational-age, which was defined as birth weight (BW) <2 SDs below the sex and race-ethnicity-specific mean BW (SGA(2SD)), and macrosomia (BW >= 4500 g). We tested for interactions between obesity severity (class I: BMI of 30-34.9; class II: BMI of 35.0-39.9; class III: BMI >= 40) and GWG. Results: Obesity severity modified associations between GWG and fetal growth. Compared with weight gains of 5-9 kg, weight loss in class I women significantly increased the odds of SGA(2SD), whereas a GWG from 0.1 to 4.9 kg was not associated with SGA(2SD) and did not decrease the odds of macrosomia. In class II and III women, compared with weight gains of 5-9 kg, a GWG from -4.9 to +4.9 kg was not associated with SGA(2SD) but did decrease the odds of macrosomia. Conclusions: Our study suggests a GWG below the Institute of Medicine guidelines may be associated with more favorable BW for all obese women, and GWG may need to be further defined by obesity severity. Am J Curt Nutr 2010;92:644-51. C1 [Hinkle, Stefanie N.; Sharma, Andrea J.; Dietz, Patricia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sharma, Andrea J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hinkle, Stefanie N.; Sharma, Andrea J.] Emory Univ, Nutr & Hlth Sci Program, Grad Div Biol & Biomed Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Sharma, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ajsharma@cdc.gov RI Hinkle, Stefanie/F-8253-2013; OI Hinkle, Stefanie/0000-0003-4312-708X; Sharma, Andrea/0000-0003-0385-0011 FU Centers for Disease Control (CDC) FX Supported by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the CDC. NR 29 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 92 IS 3 BP 644 EP 651 DI 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29726 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 644PC UT WOS:000281390800022 PM 20631201 ER PT J AU Nkengasong, JN AF Nkengasong, John N. TI A Shifting Paradigm in Strengthening Laboratory Health Systems for Global Health Acting Now, Acting Collectively, but Acting Differently SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Lab Branch, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Nkengasong, JN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Lab Branch, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 9 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA SN 0002-9173 J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 134 IS 3 BP 359 EP 360 DI 10.1309/AJCPY5ASUEJYQ5RK PG 2 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 640KL UT WOS:000281050000001 PM 20716789 ER PT J AU Nkengasong, JN Nsubuga, P Nwanyanwu, O Gershy-Damet, GM Roscigno, G Bulterys, M Schoub, B De Cock, KM Birx, D AF Nkengasong, John N. Nsubuga, Peter Nwanyanwu, Okey Gershy-Damet, Guy-Michel Roscigno, Giorgio Bulterys, Marc Schoub, Barry De Cock, Kevin M. Birx, Deborah TI Laboratory Systems and Services Are Critical in Global Health Time to End the Neglect? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE National laboratory systems; Laboratory strengthening; Global health; Public health; Infectious diseases ID MALARIA; AFRICA; INFLUENZA; ILLNESS AB The $63 billion comprehensive global health initiative (GHI) emphasizes health systems strengthening (HSS) to tackle challenges, including child and maternal health, HIV/AIDS, family planning, and neglected tropical diseases. GHI and other initiatives are critical to lighting emerging and reemerging diseases in resource-poor countries. HSS is also an increasing focus of the $49 billion program of the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. Laboratory systems and services are often neglected in resource-poor settings, but the funding offers an opportunity to end the neglect. To sustainably strengthen national laboratory systems in resource-poor countries, the fallowing approaches are needed: (I) developing integrative national laboratory strategic plans and policies and building systems to address multiple diseases; (2) establishing public-private partnerships; (3) ensuring effective leadership, commitment, and coordination by host governments of efforts of donors and partners; (4) establishing and/or strengthening centers of excellence and field epidemiology and laboratory training programs to meet short- and medium-term training and retention goals; and (5) establishing affordable scalable, and effective laboratory accreditation schemes to ensure quality of laboratoty tests and bridge the gap between clinicians and laboratory experts on the use of test results. C1 [Nkengasong, John N.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Lab Branch, Global AIDS Program, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nsubuga, Peter] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Publ Hlth Capac Dev, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nsubuga, Peter] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Programs, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gershy-Damet, Guy-Michel] Reg Off Africa, WHO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Roscigno, Giorgio] Fdn Innovat New Diagnost, Geneva, Switzerland. [Schoub, Barry] Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [De Cock, Kevin M.] World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Nkengasong, JN (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Lab Branch, Global AIDS Program, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. FU National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supported by the Global AIDS Program, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 28 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA SN 0002-9173 J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 134 IS 3 BP 368 EP 373 DI 10.1309/AJCPMPSINO9BRMU6 PG 6 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 640KL UT WOS:000281050000003 PM 20716791 ER PT J AU Opio, A Wafula, W Amone, J Kajumbula, H Nkengasong, JN AF Opio, Alex Wafula, Winnie Amone, Jackson Kajumbula, Henry Nkengasong, John N. TI Country Leadership and Policy Are Critical Factors for Implementing Laboratory Accreditation in Developing Countries A Study on Uganda SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Leadership; Policy; Laboratory accreditation; Developing countries AB Accreditation of laboratories is one means to promote quality laboratory services, underscoring the need to document factors that facilitate laboratory accreditation. A desk review and key informant's interviews' were conducted to determine the roles' of country leadership and policies in laboratory accreditation. Overall, the review revealed that Uganda has enabling factors Jar laboratory accreditation, putting the country in a state of accreditation-readiness and including strong leadership that provides stewardship and availability of a national health laboratory policy with an explicit statement on laboratory accreditation. A National Laboratory Technical and Policy Committee coordinated the development of. the policy. Laboratory training schools provide leadership in training laboratory professionals, while the Association of Medical Laboratory Technologists provides professional leadership. Although there is no national accreditation system, some laboratories are participating in international laboratory accreditation. Key informants expressed strong support for and observed that laboratory accreditation is beneficial and can be implemented in Uganda. Lessons from this study can benefit countries planning to implement laboratory accreditation. Countries that have not developed national laboratory policies and strategic plans should do so to guide the strengthening of laboratory systems and services as a part of health systems strengthening, which would be a springboard for laboratory accreditation. C1 [Opio, Alex; Amone, Jackson; Kajumbula, Henry] Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Wafula, Winnie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entebbe, Uganda. [Nkengasong, John N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Opio, A (reprint author), POB 7272, Kampala, Uganda. OI Kajumbula, Henry/0000-0002-2075-0007 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA SN 0002-9173 J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 134 IS 3 BP 381 EP 387 DI 10.1309/AJCP6KMOTCLISGJ3 PG 7 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 640KL UT WOS:000281050000005 PM 20716793 ER PT J AU Gershy-Damet, GM Rotz, P Cross, D Belabbes, E Cham, F Ndihokubwayo, JB Fine, G Zeh, C Njukeng, PA Mboup, S Sesse, DE Messele, T Birx, DL Nkengasong, JN AF Gershy-Damet, Guy-Michel Rotz, Philip Cross, David Belabbes, El Hadj Cham, Fatim Ndihokubwayo, Jean-Bosco Fine, Glen Zeh, Clement Njukeng, Patrick A. Mboup, Souleymane Sesse, Daniel E. Messele, Tsehaynesh Birx, Deborah L. Nkengasong, John N. TI The World Health Organization African Region Laboratory Accreditation Process Improving the Quality of Laboratory Systems in the African Region SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Laboratory medicine; Standards; Accreditation; Africa ID MEDICAL LABORATORIES; SOUTH-AFRICA; STANDARDS AB Few developing countries have established laboratory quality standards that are affordable and easy to implement and monitor. To address this challenge, the World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (WHO AFRO) established a stepwise approach, using a 0- to 5-star scale, to the recognition of evolving fulfillment of the ISO 15189 standard rather than pass-fail grading. Laboratories that fail to achieve an assessment score of at least 55% will not be awarded a star ranking. Laboratories that achieve 95% or more will receive a 5-star rating. This stepwise approach acknowledges to laboratories where they stand, supports them with a series of evaluations to use to demonstrate improvement, and recognizes and rewards their progress. WHO AFRO's accreditation process is not intended to replace established ISO 15189 accreditation schemes, but rather to provide an interim pathway to the realization of international laboratory standards. Laboratories that demonstrate outstanding performance in the WHO-AFRO process will be strongly encouraged to enroll in an established ISO 15189 accreditation scheme. We believe that the WHO-AFRO approach for laboratory accreditation is affordable, sustainable, effective, and scalable. C1 [Gershy-Damet, Guy-Michel] World Hlth Org Reg Off Africa, Reg Program AIDS, Intercountry Support Team W Africa, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso. [Rotz, Philip] Clinton Hlth Access Initiat, Boston, MA USA. [Cross, David; Zeh, Clement; Birx, Deborah L.; Nkengasong, John N.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fine, Glen] Clin & Lab Stand Inst, Wayne, PA USA. [Njukeng, Patrick A.] Global Hlth Syst Solut, Limbe, Cameroon. [Mboup, Souleymane] Univ Cheikh Anta DIOP, Ctr Hosp Univ Le Dantec, Lab Bacteriol Virol, Dakar, Senegal. [Sesse, Daniel E.] Univ Cocody, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Messele, Tsehaynesh] Ethiopian Hlth Nutr Res Inst, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. RP Gershy-Damet, GM (reprint author), World Hlth Org Reg Off Africa, Reg Program AIDS, Intercountry Support Team W Africa, 03 BP 7019, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso. NR 19 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA SN 0002-9173 J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 134 IS 3 BP 393 EP 400 DI 10.1309/AJCPTUUC2V1WJOBM PG 8 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 640KL UT WOS:000281050000007 PM 20716795 ER PT J AU Yao, K McKinney, B Murphy, A Rotz, P Wafula, W Sendagire, H Okui, S Nkengasong, JN AF Yao, Katy McKinney, Barbara Murphy, Anna Rotz, Phil Wafula, Winnie Sendagire, Hakim Okui, Scolastica Nkengasong, John N. TI Improving Quality Management Systems of Laboratories in Developing Countries An Innovative Training Approach to Accelerate Laboratory Accreditation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Accreditation; Management; Laboratory quality management system; Laboratory management; Task-based training ID HIV/AIDS; HEALTH; TUBERCULOSIS; IMPACT; CARE AB The Strengthening Laboratory Management Toward Accreditation (SLMTA) program was developed to promote immediate, measurable improvement in laboratories of developing countries. The laboratory management framework, a tool that prescribes managerial job tasks, forms the basis of the hands-on, activity-based curriculum. SLAM is implemented through multiple workshops with intervening site visits to support improvement projects. To evaluate the effectiveness of SLMTA, the laboratory accreditation checklist was developed and subsequently adopted by the World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (WHO AFRO). The SLMTA program and the implementation model were validated through a pilot in Uganda. SLMTA yielded observable, measurable results in the laboratories and improved patient flow and turnaround time in a laboratory simulation. The laboratory staff members were empowered to improve their own laboratories by using existing resources, communicate with clinicians and hospital administrators, and advocate for system strengthening. The SLMTA program supports laboratories by improving management and building preparedness for accreditation. C1 [Yao, Katy; Nkengasong, John N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Lab Branch, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McKinney, Barbara; Murphy, Anna] Amer Soc Clin Pathologists, Chicago, IL USA. [Rotz, Phil] Clinton Fdn, New York, NY USA. [Wafula, Winnie] Uganda Off, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kampala, Uganda. [Sendagire, Hakim; Okui, Scolastica] Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. RP Yao, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Lab Branch, Global AIDS Program, MS G-45,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 17 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA SN 0002-9173 J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 134 IS 3 BP 401 EP 409 DI 10.1309/AJCPNBBL53FWUIQJ PG 9 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 640KL UT WOS:000281050000008 PM 20716796 ER PT J AU Zeh, CE Inzaule, SC Magero, VO Thomas, TK Laserson, KF Hart, CE Nkengasong, JN AF Zeh, Clement E. Inzaule, Seth C. Magero, Valentine O. Thomas, Timothy K. Laserson, Kayla F. Hart, Clyde E. Nkengasong, John N. CA KEMRI CDC HIV Res Lab TI Field Experience in Implementing ISO 15189 in Kisumu, Kenya SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ISO 15189 implementation; Laboratory quality assurance; Quality management systems ID HEALTH; HIV; SETTINGS; SYSTEMS; ACCESS AB Quality medical laboratory services are an integral part of routine health care, medical research, and public health systems. Despite this vital role, quality laboratory services in Africa are scarce. The crucial need for expanding quality laboratory services throughout sub-Saharan Africa is especially critical because of the region's burden of disease. Fortunately, several plans from supporting international partners are underway to help strengthen laboratory infrastructure in this region. A key component of these initiatives is the enforcement of quality assurance services through accreditation by international standards such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 15189. However, acquisition and maintenance of these standards are a significant challenge, especially in resource-limited settings. The most common limiting factors can include finding, government support, equipment, training opportunities, and poor procurement infrastructure. In this article, we discuss the challenges and benefits accrued in pursuing and sustaining ISO 15189 accreditation for the Kenya Medical Research Institute/Centre for Disease Control HIV-Research Laboratory in Kisumu, Kenya. C1 [Zeh, Clement E.; Thomas, Timothy K.; Laserson, Kayla F.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kisumu, Kenya. [Inzaule, Seth C.; Magero, Valentine O.; KEMRI CDC HIV Res Lab] KEMRI, Kisumu, Kenya. [Hart, Clyde E.; Nkengasong, John N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zeh, CE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kisumu Busia Highway,POB 1578-40100, Kisumu, Kenya. FU Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention-Surveillance and Epidemiology: National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta FX Supported by the Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention-Surveillance and Epidemiology: National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta. NR 10 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA SN 0002-9173 J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 134 IS 3 BP 410 EP 418 DI 10.1309/AJCPZIRKDUS5LK2D PG 9 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 640KL UT WOS:000281050000009 PM 20716797 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ Gwinn, M Ioannidis, JPA AF Khoury, Muin J. Gwinn, Marta Ioannidis, John P. A. TI The Emergence of Translational Epidemiology: From Scientific Discovery to Population Health Impact SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE epidemiology; genomics; medicine; public health; translational research ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; CLINICAL-RESEARCH; UNITED-STATES; PERSONALIZED MEDICINE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; DISEASE; RISK; CHALLENGES; PREVENTION; PROFILES AB Recent emphasis on translational research (TR) is highlighting the role of epidemiology in translating scientific discoveries into population health impact. The authors present applications of epidemiology in TR through 4 phases designated T1-T4, illustrated by examples from human genomics. In T1, epidemiology explores the role of a basic scientific discovery (e.g., a disease risk factor or biomarker) in developing a "candidate application" for use in practice (e.g., a test used to guide interventions). In T2, epidemiology can help to evaluate the efficacy of a candidate application by using observational studies and randomized controlled trials. In T3, epidemiology can help to assess facilitators and barriers for uptake and implementation of candidate applications in practice. In T4, epidemiology can help to assess the impact of using candidate applications on population health outcomes. Epidemiology also has a leading role in knowledge synthesis, especially using quantitative methods (e.g., meta-analysis). To explore the emergence of TR in epidemiology, the authors compared articles published in selected issues of the Journal in 1999 and 2009. The proportion of articles identified as translational doubled from 16% (11/69) in 1999 to 33% (22/66) in 2009 (P = 0.02). Epidemiology is increasingly recognized as an important component of TR. By quantifying and integrating knowledge across disciplines, epidemiology provides crucial methods and tools for TR. C1 [Khoury, Muin J.; Gwinn, Marta] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Biomed Res Inst, Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Med Ctr, Tufts Clin & Translat Sci Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Khoury, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM muk1@cdc.gov RI Ioannidis, John/G-9836-2011 NR 58 TC 108 Z9 117 U1 2 U2 16 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 172 IS 5 BP 517 EP 524 DI 10.1093/aje/kwq211 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 643UF UT WOS:000281324100003 PM 20688899 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ Gwinn, M Ioannidis, JPA AF Khoury, Muin J. Gwinn, Marta Ioannidis, John P. A. TI Khoury et al. Respond to "The Epicenter of Translational Science": Crossing All the T's SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID EPIDEMIOLOGY C1 [Khoury, Muin J.; Gwinn, Marta] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Biomed Res Inst, Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Med Ctr, Tufts Clin & Translat Sci Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Khoury, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM muk1@cdc.gov RI Ioannidis, John/G-9836-2011 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 172 IS 5 BP 528 EP 529 DI 10.1093/aje/kwq214 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 643UF UT WOS:000281324100005 ER PT J AU Gallo, MF Warner, L Bell, AJ Wiener, J Eschenbach, DA Bukusi, EA Sharma, A Njoroge, B Ngugi, E Jamieson, DJ AF Gallo, Maria F. Warner, Lee Bell, April J. Wiener, Jeffrey Eschenbach, David A. Bukusi, Elizabeth A. Sharma, Anjali Njoroge, Betty Ngugi, Elizabeth Jamieson, Denise J. TI Assessment of Changes in Condom Use Among Female Sex Workers in a Prospective Cohort Study Introducing Diaphragm Use for Disease Prevention SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Africa; condoms; contraceptive devices; female; prostitution; women ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; RISK BEHAVIOR; HIV PREVENTION; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; LUBRICANT GEL; PARTNER TYPE; WOMEN; COMPENSATION; PROMISE AB Changes in the rates of condom use and number of sexual partners were evaluated among 140 female sex workers in Kibera, Kenya, participating in a 6-month study of diaphragm safety and acceptability for prevention of sexually transmitted infections conducted in 2004-2005. Analyses were stratified by partner type. Multivariable Tobit regression modeling was used to assess the association between study visit and proportion of acts protected. Participants completed 140 baseline visits and 390 bimonthly follow-up visits. The mean percentage of coital acts reported as protected by a condom increased from 56% at baseline to 68% at the 6-month visit (P < 0.01). Similar increases were observed for condom use by all partner types. Additionally, the mean number of sexual partners decreased over the study. Furthermore, consistent (i.e., 100%) diaphragm use during follow-up was associated with a higher proportion of coital acts protected by a condom in analyses adjusted for study visit and coital frequency. These findings suggest that, despite concerns that introduction of the diaphragm would result in more risky sexual behaviors, reported condom use increased and number of partners decreased. C1 [Gallo, Maria F.; Warner, Lee; Bell, April J.; Wiener, Jeffrey; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Eschenbach, David A.; Bukusi, Elizabeth A.; Sharma, Anjali] Univ Washington, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bukusi, Elizabeth A.; Sharma, Anjali; Njoroge, Betty] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Microbiol Res, Nairobi, Kenya. [Bukusi, Elizabeth A.; Njoroge, Betty] Univ Nairobi, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Bukusi, Elizabeth A.] Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sharma, Anjali] Univ Washington, Int Training & Educ Ctr HIV I TECH, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Ngugi, Elizabeth] Univ Nairobi, Dept Community Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. [Ngugi, Elizabeth] Univ Nairobi, Ctr HIV Prevent & Res, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Gallo, MF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mgallo@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was funded by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through an interagency agreement with the US Agency for International Development and CONRAD. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 172 IS 5 BP 606 EP 612 DI 10.1093/aje/kwq158 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 643UF UT WOS:000281324100015 PM 20660519 ER PT J AU Spruijt-Metz, D Wolch, J Jerrett, M Byrne, J Hsieh, S Myles, R Xie, B Wang, LL Chou, CP Reynolds, KD AF Spruijt-Metz, Donna Wolch, Jennifer Jerrett, Michael Byrne, Jason Hsieh, Stephanie Myles, Ranell Xie, Bin Wang, Lili Chou, Chih-Ping Reynolds, Kim D. TI Development, Reliability, and Validity of an Urban Trail Use Survey SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION LA English DT Article DE Physical Activity; Walking; Obesity; Trail Use ID TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE; COMPUTER-SCIENCE; GREENWAY; RECREATION; ACCESS; SYSTEM AB Purpose. To evaluate the psychometric characteristics of the Research on Urban Trail Environments (ROUTES) Trail Use Questionnaire. Design. Test-retest reliability was assessed by repeated measures (study 1); validity was assessed by comparing reported trail use to self-reported and objectively measured physical activity (PA) levels (study 2). Setting. Study 1: a religious institution situated near a Los Angeles trail. Study 2: 1-mile buffer zones surrounding three urban trails (Chicago. Dallas, and Los Angeles). Subjects. Thirty:four adults between 40 and 60 years of age (10 men and 24 women) completed the ROUTES questionnaire twice (study 1). Study 2 participants were 490 adults (48% fiunale and 73% white), mean age 48 years Measures. Trail use for recreation and transportation purposes, time and distance spent on trails and characteristics (if the trail and other trail users. PA was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and accelerometry. Analyses. Pearson correlation coefficients and kappa statistics were used for test-retest reliability for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Generalized linear models view used to evaluate hypotheses on PA coin paring limit users and nonusers. Results. Test-retest statistics were acceptable (kappa = .57, r = .66). Validity was supported by correlations between indices of trail use with self-reported PA and accelerometry, and significant group differences between trail users and litmus-rim in PA levels. Conclusions. The ROUTES Trail Use Questionnaire demonstrated good reliability and validity. (Am J Health Promot 2010;25[1]:2-11.) C1 [Spruijt-Metz, Donna; Chou, Chih-Ping; Reynolds, Kim D.] Univ So Calif, Inst Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Alhambra, CA 91803 USA. [Wolch, Jennifer] Univ So Calif, Ctr Sustainable Cities, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Jerrett, Michael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Byrne, Jason] Griffith Univ, Sch Environm Planning, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. [Hsieh, Stephanie] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Brookline, MA USA. [Myles, Ranell] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Xie, Bin] Univ So Calif, Sch Social Work, Hamovitch Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Wang, Lili] Arizona State Univ, Sch Community Resources & Dev, Tempe, AZ USA. RP Spruijt-Metz, D (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Inst Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, 1000 S Fremont,Unit 8,Room 4101, Alhambra, CA 91803 USA. EM dmetz@usc.edu RI Byrne, Jason/L-7140-2013 OI Byrne, Jason/0000-0001-8733-0333 NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER JOURNAL HEALTH PROMOTION INC PI TROY PA PO BOX 1254, TROY, MI 48099-1254 USA SN 0890-1171 J9 AM J HEALTH PROMOT JI Am. J. Health Promot. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 25 IS 1 BP 2 EP 11 DI 10.4278/ajhp.071105119 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 646YD UT WOS:000281580700003 PM 20809825 ER PT J AU Churilla, JR Ford, ES AF Churilla, James R. Ford, Earl S. TI Comparing Physical Activity Patterns of Hypertensive and Nonhypertensive US Adults SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE blood pressure; BRFSS; DHHS; hypertension; physical activity ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; LIFE-STYLE MODIFICATION; RESTING BLOOD-PRESSURE; CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS; ACTIVITY RECOMMENDATIONS; CONTROLLED-TRIALS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; EXERCISE; RISK AB BACKGROUND Nonpharmacologic management of hypertension is an important strategy in treating people with hypertension, but little is known about patterns of physical activity among such people. We compared patterns of physical activity of adults with and without hypertension in the United States using the most recent guidelines for physical activity. METHODS We used data from 391,017 adults aged = 18 years from the 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and physical activity categories based on 2008 Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) guidelines. All information was self-reported. RESULTS The age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 27.2%, whereas the age-adjusted prevalence of meeting DHHS recommendations was 60.2% among participants with hypertension and 66.9% among participants without hypertension. After adjusting for age, gender, race or ethnicity, education, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, and histories of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD), the odds ratio (OR) for meeting DHHS recommendations among participants with hypertension was 0.85 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82, 0.88) compared with those who did not have hypertension. CONCLUSIONS Although the majority of adults with hypertension are currently meeting national guidelines for physical activity, they are less active overall than adults who do not have hypertension. C1 [Churilla, James R.] Univ N Florida, Brooks Coll Hlth, Dept Clin & Appl Movement Sci, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Ford, Earl S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Churilla, JR (reprint author), Univ N Florida, Brooks Coll Hlth, Dept Clin & Appl Movement Sci, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. EM j.churilla@unf.edu NR 38 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0895-7061 J9 AM J HYPERTENS JI Am. J. Hypertens. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 23 IS 9 BP 987 EP 993 DI 10.1038/ajh.2010.88 PG 7 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 646EU UT WOS:000281520900018 PM 20431526 ER PT J AU Kim, TJ Materna, BL Prudhomme, JC Fedan, KB Enright, PL Sahakian, NM Windham, GC Kreiss, K AF Kim, Thomas J. Materna, Barbara L. Prudhomme, Janice C. Fedan, Kathleen B. Enright, Paul L. Sahakian, Nancy M. Windham, Gayle C. Kreiss, Kathleen TI Industry-Wide Medical Surveillance of California Flavor Manufacturing Workers: Cross-Sectional Results SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE flavoring; diacetyl; bronchiolitis obliterans; surveillance; occupational lung disease; spirometry ID BRONCHIOLITIS OBLITERANS; LUNG-DISEASE; STANDARDIZATION; EXPOSURES AB Background Two cases of bronchiolitis obliterans in flavor manufacturing workers prompted California health and labor agencies to initiate industry-wide surveillance. Methods Companies' physicians submitted cross-sectional questionnaire and spirometry data for 467 workers in 16 workplaces. We compared prevalence ratios of respiratory symptoms, diagnoses, and abnormal spirometry to a general population sample. We calculated odds ratios for risk factors for spirometric obstructive abnormality. Results Flavoring workers were 2.7 times more likely than the general population to have severe airways obstruction. Risk factors identified for 18 cases with obstruction from six companies included younger age, Hispanic ethnicity, liquid and powder production work, greater company diacetyl usage, and having a coworker with obstruction. Severity of obstruction was related to tenure. At least 12 workers had probable occupational fixed airways obstruction. Conclusions The flavoring industry risk of severe lung disease justifies lowering flavoring exposures and medical screening for secondary prevention until worker safety is demonstrated. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:857-865, 2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Kim, Thomas J.; Materna, Barbara L.; Prudhomme, Janice C.; Windham, Gayle C.] CDPH, Div Environm & Occupat Dis Control, Richmond, CA USA. [Kim, Thomas J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fedan, Kathleen B.; Sahakian, Nancy M.; Kreiss, Kathleen] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Enright, Paul L.] Univ Arizona, Coll Publ Hlth, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Kreiss, K (reprint author), 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mailstop H2800, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM kkreiss@cdc.gov FU California Department of Public Health; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX Contract grant sponsors: California Department of Public Health; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 53 IS 9 BP 857 EP 865 DI 10.1002/ajim.20858 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 641CQ UT WOS:000281102600001 PM 20564514 ER PT J AU Lee, SJ Faucett, J Gillen, M Krause, N Landry, L AF Lee, Soo-Jeong Faucett, Julia Gillen, Marion Krause, Niklas Landry, Lynette TI Factors Associated With Safe Patient Handling Behaviors Among Critical Care Nurses SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE musculoskeletal disorders; patient handling; safe work behavior; safety climate; job stress; effort-reward imbalance; overcommitment; social support; work shift; risk perception; nurses ID EFFORT-REWARD IMBALANCE; LOW-BACK-PAIN; JOB STRAIN; NURSING PERSONNEL; RISK-FACTORS; HEALTH-CARE; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; HOSPITAL EMPLOYEES; REGISTERED NURSES AB Background Patient handling is a major risk factor for musculoskeletal (MS) injury among nurses. The aims of the study were to describe nurses' work behaviors related to safe patient handling and identify factors influencing their safe work behaviors, including the use of lifting equipment. Methods A cross-sectional study using a mailed questionnaire with a nationwide random sample of 361 critical care nurses. Nurses reported on the physical, psychosocial, and organizational characteristics of their jobs and on their MS symptoms, risk perception, work behaviors, and demographics. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses were used to identify significant factors. Results More than half of participants had no lifting equipment on their unit, and 74% reported that they performed all patient lift or transfer tasks manually. Significant factors for safer work behavior included better safety climate, higher effort reward imbalance, less overcommitment, greater social support, and day shift work. Physical workload, personal risk perception, or MS symptom experiences were not associated with safe work behavior. Conclusions Safe work behaviors are best understood as socio-cultural phenomena influenced by organizational, psychosocial, and job factors but, counter to extant theories of health behaviors, do not appear to be related to personal risk perception. Management efforts to improve working conditions and enhance safety culture in hospitals could prove to be crucial in promoting nurses' safe work behavior and reducing risk of MS injury. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:886-897, 2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Lee, Soo-Jeong; Faucett, Julia; Gillen, Marion] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Nursing, Dept Community Hlth Syst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Krause, Niklas] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Div Occupat & Environm Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Landry, Lynette] San Francisco State Univ, Sch Nursing, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. RP Lee, SJ (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,R-17, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM hgg8@cdc.gov RI Duncan, Kirsty/H-1911-2011 FU American Association of Occupational Health Nurses Foundation; Sigma Theta Tau International Alpha Eta Chapter; University of California, San Francisco, Graduate Division; UCSF School of Nursing Century Club FX Contract grant sponsor: American Association of Occupational Health Nurses Foundation;; Contract grant sponsor: Sigma Theta Tau International Alpha Eta Chapter; Contract grant sponsor: University of California, San Francisco, Graduate Division; Contract grant sponsor: UCSF School of Nursing Century Club. NR 58 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 18 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 53 IS 9 BP 886 EP 897 DI 10.1002/ajim.20843 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 641CQ UT WOS:000281102600004 PM 20698021 ER PT J AU Wright, MO Hebden, JN Allen-Bridson, K Morrell, GC Horan, T AF Wright, Marc-Oliver Hebden, Joan N. Allen-Bridson, Kathy Morrell, Gloria C. Horan, Teresa TI Health care-associated infections studies project: Case 2 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article C1 [Wright, Marc-Oliver] N Shore Univ Hlth Syst, Dept Infect Control, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Hebden, Joan N.] Univ Maryland, Med Ctr, Dept Infect Control, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Allen-Bridson, Kathy; Morrell, Gloria C.; Horan, Teresa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Healthcare Safety Network, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wright, MO (reprint author), N Shore Univ Hlth Syst, Dept Infect Control, 2650 Ridge Ave,Burch 124, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. EM mwright@northshore.org NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD SEP PY 2010 VL 38 IS 7 SI SI BP 557 EP 558 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2010.06.003 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 641SK UT WOS:000281149800011 PM 20619501 ER PT J AU Schaefer, MK Shehab, N Perz, JF AF Schaefer, Melissa K. Shehab, Nadine Perz, Joseph F. TI Calling it 'multidose' doesn't make it so: Inappropriate sharing and contamination of parenteral medication vials SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Letter ID INFECTIONS; OUTBREAK C1 [Schaefer, Melissa K.; Shehab, Nadine; Perz, Joseph F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis Proposed, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schaefer, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis Proposed, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD SEP PY 2010 VL 38 IS 7 SI SI BP 580 EP 581 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2010.02.004 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 641SK UT WOS:000281149800019 PM 20736116 ER PT J AU Patel, PR Kallen, AJ Arduino, MJ AF Patel, Priti R. Kallen, Alexander J. Arduino, Matthew J. TI Epidemiology, Surveillance, and Prevention of Bloodstream Infections in Hemodialysis Patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Bacteremia; catheter-related infections; dialysis; epidemiology; infection control ID CATHETER-RELATED INFECTIONS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETER; VASCULAR ACCESS INFECTIONS; QUALITY IMPROVEMENT REPORT; TUNNELED CATHETERS; POVIDONE-IODINE; ANTISEPTIC SOLUTIONS; CLINICAL-OUTCOMES; SITE INFECTIONS AB Infections cause significant morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are particularly problematic, accounting for a substantial number of hospitalizations in these patients. Hospitalizations for BSI and other vascular access infections appear to have increased dramatically in hemodialysis patients since 1993. These infections frequently are related to central venous catheter (CVC) use for dialysis access. Regional initiatives that have shown successful decreases in catheter-related BSIs in hospitalized patients have generated interest in replicating this success in outpatient hemodialysis populations. Several interventions have been effective in preventing BSIs in the hemodialysis setting. Avoiding the use of CVCs in favor of access types with lower associated BSI risk is among the most important. When CVCs are used, adherence to evidence-based catheter insertion and maintenance practices can positively influence BSI rates. In addition, facility-level surveillance to detect BSIs and stimulate examination of vascular access use and care practices is essential to a comprehensive approach to prevention. This article describes the current epidemiology of BSIs in hemodialysis patients and effective prevention strategies to decrease the incidence of these devastating infections. Am J Kidney Dis 56: 566-577. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. This is a US Government Work. There are no restrictions on its use. C1 [Patel, Priti R.; Kallen, Alexander J.; Arduino, Matthew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Patel, PR (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ppatel@cdc.gov RI Arduino, Matthew/C-1461-2012 OI Arduino, Matthew/0000-0001-7072-538X NR 80 TC 43 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 56 IS 3 BP 566 EP 577 DI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2010.02.352 PG 12 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 642IH UT WOS:000281203200020 PM 20554361 ER PT J AU Pace, JE Shin, M Rasmussen, SA AF Pace, Jill E. Shin, Mikyong Rasmussen, Sonja A. TI Understanding Attitudes Toward People With Down Syndrome SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A LA English DT Article DE Down syndrome; attitudes; intellectual disabilities ID INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES; CHILDRENS ATTITUDES; PERSPECTIVES; MORTALITY; EDUCATION; PEERS AB Understanding attitudes of the public toward people with Down syndrome is important because negative attitudes might create barriers to social integration, which can affect their success and quality of life. We used data from two 2008 U.S. surveys (HealthStyles(C) survey of adults 18 years or older and YouthStyles(C) survey of youth ages 9-18) that asked about attitudes toward people with Down syndrome, including attitudes toward educational and occupational inclusion and toward willingness to interact with people with Down syndrome. Results showed that many adults continue to hold negative attitudes toward people with Down syndrome: A quarter of respondents agreed that students with Down syndrome should go to special schools, nearly 30% agreed that including students with Down syndrome in typical educational settings is distracting, and 18% agreed that persons with Down syndrome in the workplace increase the chance for accidents. Negative attitudes were also held by many youth: 30% agreed that students with Down syndrome should go to separate schools, 27% were not willing to work with a student with Down syndrome on a class project, and nearly 40% indicated they would not be willing to spend time with a student with Down syndrome outside of school. Among both adult and youth, female sex and respondents with previous relationships with people with Down syndrome were consistently associated with more positive attitudes. These results may be helpful in the development of educational materials about Down syndrome and in guiding policies on educational and occupational inclusion. Published (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Pace, Jill E.; Shin, Mikyong; Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shin, Mikyong] RTI Int, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rasmussen, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, MS E-86,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skr9@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1552-4825 J9 AM J MED GENET A JI Am. J. Med. Genet. A PD SEP PY 2010 VL 152A IS 9 BP 2185 EP 2192 DI 10.1002/ajmg.a.33595 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 645XF UT WOS:000281498800007 PM 20803641 ER PT J AU Callaghan, WM AF Callaghan, William M. TI Using birth certificate data to determine medically indicated induction rates SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID HOSPITAL DISCHARGE DATA C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Callaghan, WM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM wgc0@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 203 IS 3 BP 190 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.07.003 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 647FH UT WOS:000281602700002 PM 20816144 ER PT J AU Young, F Capewell, S Ford, ES Critchley, JA AF Young, Fiona Capewell, Simon Ford, Earl S. Critchley, Julia A. TI Coronary Mortality Declines in the US Between 1980 and 2000 Quantifying the Contributions from Primary and Secondary Prevention SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEART-DISEASE MORTALITY; UNITED-STATES ADULTS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; RISK-FACTORS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ECONOMIC-EVALUATION; SICK INDIVIDUALS; DIETARY SALT; POPULATION AB Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality rates in the U.S. have halved since 1980. However, CHD remains a leading cause of death. The relative importance of secondary and primary prevention in explaining falls in coronary heart disease mortality is debated. Purpose: The aim of this study was to quantify the primary and secondary preventive contributions to the U.S. CHD mortality fall between 1980 and 2000. Methods: The IMPACT model was used to estimate contributions to the U.S. CHD mortality fall from risk factor declines in asymptomatic individuals (primary prevention) and in CHD patients (secondary prevention). Analyses were carried out in 2008. Results: Approximately 316,100 fewer deaths were attributable to risk factor declines: 64,930 in CHD patients (21%) and 251,170 in asymptomatic individuals (79%). Smoking declines accounted for approximately 8390 fewer deaths in CHD patients and for 46,315 fewer deaths in asymptomatic people. Cholesterol falls gave approximately 22,210 fewer deaths in CHD patients and 107,300 fewer deaths in asymptomatic people. Statins accounted for approximately 16,580 fewer deaths, that is, one sixth of this mortality fall. Systolic blood pressure declines accounted for approximately 34,330 fewer deaths among CHD patients and 97,555 fewer deaths in asymptomatic individuals. Antihypertensive medications accounted for approximately 23,845 fewer deaths. Conclusions: Half of the U.S. mortality fall in coronary heart disease between 1980 and 2000 was attributable to risk factor declines, with primary prevention producing substantially larger mortality reductions than secondary. (Am J Prey Med 2010;39(3):228 -234) (C) 2010 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Young, Fiona; Critchley, Julia A.] Newcastle Univ, Inst Hlth & Soc, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4AX, Tyne & Wear, England. [Capewell, Simon] Univ Liverpool, Div Publ Hlth, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Ford, Earl S.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Young, F (reprint author), Newcastle Univ, Inst Hlth & Soc, Baddiley Clark Bldg,Richardson Rd, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4AX, Tyne & Wear, England. EM Fiona.young@ncl.ac.uk FU MRC FX All funding for this work came from FY's MRC Studentship. Analyses were carried out between 2007 and 2008. NR 52 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 39 IS 3 BP 228 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.05.009 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 642NN UT WOS:000281221900005 PM 20709254 ER PT J AU Heijne, JCM Tao, GY Kent, CK Low, N AF Heijne, Janneke C. M. Tao, Guoyu Kent, Charlotte K. Low, Nicola TI Uptake of Regular Chlamydia Testing by US Women A Longitudinal Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-ADULTS; TRACHOMATIS; INFECTIONS; GONORRHEA; COVERAGE; ENGLAND; RATES; AGE AB Background: Routine chlamydia screening is a recommended preventive intervention for sexually active women aged <= 25 years in the U.S. but rates of regular uptake are not known. Purpose: This study aimed to examine rates of annual chlamydia testing and factors associated with repeat testing in a population of U.S. women. Methods: Women aged 15-25 years at any time from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2006 who were enrolled in 130 commercial health plans were included. Data relating to chlamydia tests were analyzed in 2009. Chlamydia testing rates (per 100 woman-years) by age and rates of repeated annual testing were estimated. Poisson regression was used to examine the effects of age and previous testing on further chlamydia testing within the observation period. Results: In total, 2,632,365 women were included. The chlamydia testing rate over the whole study period was 13.6 per 100 woman years after adjusting for age-specific sexual activity; 8.5 (95% CI =6.0, 12.3) per 100 woman-years in those aged 15 years; and 17.7 (95% CI= 17.1, 18.9) in those aged 25 years. Among women enrolled for the entire 5-year study period, 25.9% had at least one test but only 0.1% had a chlamydia test every year. Women tested more than once and older women were more likely to be tested again in the observation period. Conclusions: The low rates of regular annual chlamydia testing do not comply with national recommendations and would not be expected to have a major impact on the control of chlamydia infection at the population level. (Am J Prey Med 2010;39(3):243-250) (C) 2010 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Low, Nicola] Univ Bern, Inst Social & Prevent Med, Div Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Tao, Guoyu; Kent, Charlotte K.] CDC, Div STD Prevent, NCHHSTP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Low, N (reprint author), Univ Bern, Inst Social & Prevent Med, Div Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Finkenhubelweg 11, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. EM low@ispm.unibe.ch OI Low, Nicola/0000-0003-4817-8986 FU Swiss National Science Foundation [320030_118424]; CDC FX We thank Marcel Zwahlen and Olivia Keiser for their help with the statistical analyses and Christian Althaus and Sereina Herzog for their useful comments on the manuscript. Janneke Heijne is funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (project number 320030_118424). We thank the CDC for financial support. NR 33 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 39 IS 3 BP 243 EP 250 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.05.011 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 642NN UT WOS:000281221900007 PM 20709256 ER PT J AU Guilamo-Ramos, V Jaccard, J Dittus, P Gonzalez, B Bouris, A Banspach, S AF Guilamo-Ramos, Vincent Jaccard, James Dittus, Patricia Gonzalez, Bernardo Bouris, Alida Banspach, Stephen TI The Linking Lives Health Education Program: A Randomized Clinical Trial of a Parent-Based Tobacco Use Prevention Program for African American and Latino Youths SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID ADOLESCENT COMMUNICATION; SEXUAL INTERCOURSE; BEHAVIOR OUTCOMES; RISK BEHAVIORS; PUERTO-RICAN; ALCOHOL-USE; SMOKING; PEER; INTERVENTION; DOMINICAN AB Objectives. We evaluated the effectiveness of a parent-based add-on component to a school-based intervention to prevent cigarette smoking among African American and Latino middle school youths. Methods. Mother-adolescent dyads (n=1386) were randomly assigned to 2 groups: (1) a school-based smoking-prevention intervention or (2) the same intervention with a parent-based add-on component called Raising Smoke-Free Kids. Mothers in the experimental condition received the parent add-on component. Mothers in the control condition received information on selecting a high school. All adolescents received a version of Project Towards No Tobacco Use (TNT). The primary outcome was a reduction in adolescent cigarette smoking. Follow-up data were obtained from 1096 mother-adolescent dyads at 15 months postintervention. Results. At follow-up, the odds of smoking cigarettes were reduced by 42% for adolescents in the parent add-on condition versus the TNT-only condition. Mothers in the parent add-on condition were more likely than were mothers in the TNT-only condition to set rules about risk-sensitive social activities and to be perceived as trustworthy by their child. Group differences also were found in the frequency and quality of mother-adolescent communication. Conclusions. Including parent add-on components in school-based smoking prevention programs can reduce smoking behavior on the part of inner-city middle school youths. (Am J Public Health. 2010;100:1641-1647. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.171637) C1 [Guilamo-Ramos, Vincent; Gonzalez, Bernardo] Columbia Univ, Sch Social Work, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Jaccard, James] Florida Int Univ, Dept Psychol, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Dittus, Patricia; Banspach, Stephen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bouris, Alida] Univ Chicago, Sch Social Serv Adm, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Guilamo-Ramos, V (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Sch Social Work, 1255 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM rg650@columbia.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U87/CCU220155-3-0] FX Research was supported by funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; cooperative agreement U87/CCU220155-3-0).; Note. The study was funded as a cooperative agreement by the CDC; therefore, the CDC project officer was involved as a co-investigator in the design and conduct of the study. The findings and conclusions do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD SEP PY 2010 VL 100 IS 9 BP 1641 EP 1647 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2009.171637 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 638AY UT WOS:000280863100025 PM 20634469 ER PT J AU Menzies, HJ Winston, CA Holtz, TH Cain, KP Mac Kenzie, WR AF Menzies, Heather J. Winston, Carla A. Holtz, Timothy H. Cain, Kevin P. Mac Kenzie, William R. TI Epidemiology of Tuberculosis Among US- and Foreign-Born Children and Adolescents in the United States, 1994-2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CHILDHOOD TUBERCULOSIS AB Objectives. We examined trends in tuberculosis (TB) cases and case rates among US- and foreign-born children and adolescents and analyzed the potential effect of changes to overseas screening of applicants for immigration to the United States. Methods. We analyzed TB case data from the National Tuberculosis Surveillance System for 1994 to 2007. Results. Foreign-born children and adolescents accounted for 31% of 18659 reported TB cases in persons younger than age 18 years from 1994 to 2007. TB rates declined 44% among foreign-born children and adolescents (20.3 per 10000 to 11.4 per 100000 population) and 48% (2.1 per 100000 to 1.1 per 100000) among those who were born in the United States. Rates were nearly 20 times as high among foreign-born as among US-born adolescents. Among foreign-born children and adolescents with known month of US entry (88%), more than 20% were diagnosed with TB within 3 months of entry. Conclusions. Marked disparities in TB morbidity persist between foreign- and US-born children and adolescents. These disparities and the high proportion of TB cases diagnosed shortly after US entry suggest a need for enhanced pre- and postimmigration screening. (Am J Public Health. 2010;100:1724-1729. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.181289) C1 [Menzies, Heather J.; Winston, Carla A.; Holtz, Timothy H.; Cain, Kevin P.; Mac Kenzie, William R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Menzies, HJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hmenzies@cdc.gov RI Mac Kenzie, William /F-1528-2013 OI Mac Kenzie, William /0000-0001-7723-0339 FU Outbreak Investigations Branch of the Division of Tuberculosis Elimination FX We acknowledge the local and state TB programs, which are the sources of all reported TB data, and the surveillance team of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Outbreak Investigations Branch of the Division of Tuberculosis Elimination for their support of this work. NR 17 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD SEP PY 2010 VL 100 IS 9 BP 1724 EP 1729 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2009.181289 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 638AY UT WOS:000280863100039 PM 20634457 ER PT J AU Richardson, LC Royalty, J Howe, W Helsel, W Kammerer, W Benard, VB AF Richardson, Lisa C. Royalty, Janet Howe, William Helsel, William Kammerer, William Benard, Vicki B. TI Timeliness of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Initiation of Treatment in the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program, 1996-2005 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY-HEALTH CENTERS; FOLLOW-UP; ADJUVANT THERAPY; UNITED-STATES; PROGNOSTIC INDICATORS; SCREENING-PROGRAMS; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; TREATMENT SERVICES; WAITING-TIMES; SAFETY NET AB Objectives. To determine the effects of program policy changes, we examined service delivery benchmarks for breast cancer screening in the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP). Methods. We analyzed NBCCEDP data for women with abnormal mammogram or clinical breast examination (n = 382416) from which 23701 cancers were diagnosed. We examined time to diagnosis and treatment for 2 time periods: 1996 to 2000 and 2001 to 2005. We compared median time for diagnostic, treatment initiation, and total intervals with the Kruskal-Wallis test. We calculated adjusted proportions (predicted marginals) with logistic regression to examine diagnosis and treatment within program benchmarks (60 days) and time from screening to treatment (120 days). Results. Median diagnostic intervals decreased by 2 days (25 vs 23; P < .001). Median treatment initiation intervals increased by 2 days (12 vs 14; P < .001). Total intervals decreased by 3 days (43 vs 40; P < .001). Women meeting the 60-day benchmark for diagnosis improved the most for women with normal mammograms and abnormal clinical breast examinations from 77% to 82%. Conclusions. Women screened by the NBCCEDP received diagnostic follow-up and initiated treatment within preestablished program guidelines. (Am J Public Health. 2010;100:1769-1776. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.160184) C1 [Richardson, Lisa C.; Royalty, Janet; Benard, Vicki B.] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Howe, William; Helsel, William; Kammerer, William] Informat Management Serv Inc, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Richardson, LC (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway,NE,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lrichardson@cdc.gov NR 52 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD SEP PY 2010 VL 100 IS 9 BP 1769 EP 1776 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2009.160184 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 638AY UT WOS:000280863100046 PM 20019308 ER PT J AU Alexander, BD Schell, WA Siston, AM Rao, CY Bower, WA Balajee, SA Howell, DN Moore, ZS Noble-Wang, J Rhyne, JA Fleischauer, AT Maillard, JM Kuehnert, M Vikraman, D Collins, BH Marroquin, CE Park, BJ AF Alexander, B. D. Schell, W. A. Siston, A. M. Rao, C. Y. Bower, W. A. Balajee, S. A. Howell, D. N. Moore, Z. S. Noble-Wang, J. Rhyne, J. A. Fleischauer, A. T. Maillard, J. M. Kuehnert, M. Vikraman, D. Collins, B. H. Marroquin, C. E. Park, B. J. TI Fatal Apophysomyces elegans Infection Transmitted by Deceased Donor Renal Allografts SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE Fungal infection; moulds; mucormycosis; renal allograft; renal graft loss; transplant infectious diseases ID ORGAN TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; INVASIVE FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; OF-THE-LITERATURE; ZYGOMYCOSIS; MUCORMYCOSIS; TRANSMISSION; POSACONAZOLE; THERAPY; SAFETY AB Two patients developed renal mucormycosis following transplantation of kidneys from the same donor, a near-drowning victim in a motor vehicle crash. Genotypically, indistinguishable strains of Apophysomyces elegans were recovered from both recipients. We investigated the source of the infection including review of medical records, environmental sampling at possible locations of contamination and query for additional cases at other centers. Histopathology of the explanted kidneys revealed extensive vascular invasion by aseptate, fungal hyphae with relative sparing of the renal capsules suggesting a vascular route of contamination. Disseminated infection in the donor could not be definitively established. A. elegans was not recovered from the same lots of reagents used for organ recovery or environmental samples and no other organ transplant-related cases were identified. This investigation suggests either isolated contamination of the organs during recovery or undiagnosed disseminated donor infection following a near-drowning event. Although no changes to current organ recovery or transplant procedures are recommended, public health officials and transplant physicians should consider the possibility of mucormycosis transmitted via organs in the future, particularly for near-drowning events. Attention to aseptic technique during organ recovery and processing is re-emphasized. C1 [Alexander, B. D.; Schell, W. A.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Alexander, B. D.; Howell, D. N.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Siston, A. M.] S Carolina Dept Hlth & Environm Control, Columbia, SC USA. [Siston, A. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rao, C. Y.; Noble-Wang, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bower, W. A.; Kuehnert, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Blood Organ & Other Tissue Safety, Atlanta, GA USA. [Balajee, S. A.; Park, B. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moore, Z. S.; Fleischauer, A. T.; Maillard, J. M.] N Carolina Div Publ Hlth, Raleigh, NC USA. [Rhyne, J. A.] New Hanover Cty Hlth Dept, Wilmington, NC USA. [Vikraman, D.; Collins, B. H.; Marroquin, C. E.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Alexander, BD (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM alexa011@mc.duke.edu FU NIH FX This work is supported by NIH. NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 10 IS 9 BP 2161 EP 2167 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2010.03216.x PG 7 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 643PD UT WOS:000281309400028 PM 20883549 ER PT J AU Moore, CE Sengduangphachanh, A Thaojaikong, T Sirisouk, J Foster, D Phetsouvanh, R Mcgee, L Crook, DW Newton, PN Peacock, SJ AF Moore, Catrin E. Sengduangphachanh, Amphone Thaojaikong, Thaksinaporn Sirisouk, Joy Foster, Dona Phetsouvanh, Rattanaphone McGee, Lesley Crook, Derrick W. Newton, Paul N. Peacock, Sharon J. TI Enhanced Determination of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes Associated with Invasive Disease in Laos by Using a Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Serotyping Assay with Cerebrospinal Fluid SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; MULTIPLEX PCR; ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; QUELLUNG REACTION; DEVELOPING-WORLD; DOUBLE-BLIND; CHILDREN; SURVEILLANCE; 6C AB A prospective hospital-based study was undertaken to define the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and circulating serotypes in Laos Of 10.799 patients with hemocultures and 353 patients with cerebrospinal fluid samples. 0 21% and 5 4%, respectively, were positive for Streptococcus pneumoniae. giving a total of 35 IPD patients We developed a real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect serotypes represented in the 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine A blinded evaluation comparing serotype as defined by the Quellung reaction versus the polymerase chain reaction demonstrated 100% concordance The most frequent serotype (n = 33 patients) was 1 (n = 6), followed by serotypes 5, 6A/B/C, 14, and 23F. Serotypes represented in the 7-valent polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine (PCV-7) infected 39% of patients with 73% coverage for the PCV-10 and PCV-13 vaccines. Although the sample size is small, these data suggest that the PCV-7 vaccine may have relatively low efficacy in Laos Further studies are urgently needed to guide pneumococcal vaccine policy in Laos C1 [Peacock, Sharon J.] Univ Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hosp, Dept Med, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, England. Mahosot Hosp, Wellcome Trust Mahosot Hosp Oxford Trop Med Res C, Viangchan, Laos. Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Churchill Hosp, Ctr Clin Vaccinol & Trop Med, Oxford, England. Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Peacock, SJ (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hosp, Dept Med, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, England. FU Wellcome Trust of Great Britain; National Institute for Health Research, United Kingdom FX This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust of Great Britain. Derrick W Crook is supported by the National Institute for Health Research, United Kingdom NR 39 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 83 IS 3 BP 451 EP 457 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.10-0225 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 645SZ UT WOS:000281487800004 PM 20810803 ER PT J AU Ari, TB Gershunov, A Tristan, R Cazelles, B Gage, K Stenseth, NC AF Ari, Tamara Ben Gershunov, Alexander Tristan, Rouyer Cazelles, Bernard Gage, Kenneth Stenseth, Nils C. TI Interannual Variability of Human Plague Occurrence in the Western United States Explained by Tropical and North Pacific Ocean Climate Variability SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID HANTAVIRUS PULMONARY SYNDROME; TAILED PRAIRIE DOGS; DELAYED DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; TIME-SERIES; EL-NINO; RODENT OUTBREAKS; WAVELET ANALYSIS; SOUTH-AMERICA; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS AB Plague is a vector-borne, highly virulent zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Yersima pesos It persists in nature through transmission between its hosts (wild rodents) and vectors (fleas). During epizootics, the disease expands and spills over to other host species such as humans living in or close to affected areas Here, we investigate the effect of large-scale climate variability on the dynamics of human plague in the western United States using a 56-year time series of plague reports (1950-2005). We found that El Nino Southern Oscillation and Pacific Decadal Oscillation in combination affect the dynamics of human plague over the western United States. The underlying mechanism could involve changes in precipitation and temperatures that impact both hosts and vectors It is suggested that snow also may play a key role, possibly through its effects on summer soil moisture, which is known to be instrumental for flea survival and development and sustained growth of vegetation for rodents C1 [Ari, Tamara Ben; Tristan, Rouyer; Stenseth, Nils C.] Univ Oslo, Dept Biol, Ctr Ecol & Evolutionary Synth, Oslo, Norway. [Ari, Tamara Ben; Cazelles, Bernard] Ecole Normale Super, F-75231 Paris, France. [Gershunov, Alexander] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Div Climate Res, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Gage, Kenneth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Bacterial Zoonoses Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Stenseth, NC (reprint author), POB 1066, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. RI Stenseth, Nils Chr./G-5212-2016; Cazelles, Bernard/B-1572-2013 OI Stenseth, Nils Chr./0000-0002-1591-5399; Cazelles, Bernard/0000-0002-7972-361X FU Marie Curie early training site (EST) program FX The authors thank two anonymous reviewers for their comments on an earlier version of the manuscript This work was funded by the Marie Curie early training site (EST) program We thank Mike Begon and Stephen Davis for their comments on earlier versions of the manuscript NR 86 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 83 IS 3 BP 624 EP 632 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0775 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 645SZ UT WOS:000281487800031 PM 20810830 ER PT J AU Reese, SM Dietrich, G Dolan, MC Sheldon, SW Piesman, J Petersen, JM Eisen, RJ AF Reese, Sara M. Dietrich, Gabrielle Dolan, Marc C. Sheldon, Sarah W. Piesman, Joseph Petersen, Jeannine M. Eisen, Rebecca J. TI Transmission Dynamics of Francisella tularensis Subspecies and Clades by Nymphal Dermacentor variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; HUMAN TULAREMIA; INFECTION; VECTORS; TICKS AB In the United States. the American dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis. (Say) is considered an important biological vector of Franctsella tularensis, the etiologic agent of tularemia. In this study. we evaluated the vector efficiency of nymphal D variabilis infected as larvae with differing chides and subspecies (A 1b, A2. and type 13) of F tularensis In all cases, D. variabilis larvae were able to acquire, maintain. and transstadially transmit tularensis Significant replication of the bacteria also occurred in infected nymphs. Transmission of F tularensis to Swiss Webster mice was not observed with A1b. and low rates were observed with A2 (80%) and type B (135%). Negative effects on tick survivorship were also observed for A1b. A2. and type B infections. Our results provide evidence of a high fitness cost and low transmission rates during the immature stages. suggesting that D variabilis may play a limited role in enzootic maintenance of F tularensis. C1 [Reese, Sara M.; Dietrich, Gabrielle; Dolan, Marc C.; Sheldon, Sarah W.; Piesman, Joseph; Petersen, Jeannine M.; Eisen, Rebecca J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Eisen, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. FU Association of Public Health Laboratories; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The authors thank John Young for his technical assistance, Jennifer Holmes for her assistance with bacterial-load determination. Claudia Whits for her scientific discussions. and Martin Schriefer for his scientific and logistical support We also like to thank the Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases Animal Care personnel for their assistance in these studies. especially Andrea Peterson Sara Reese was funded by the Association of Public Health Laboratories and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging In Diseases postdoctoral fellowship program NR 28 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 83 IS 3 BP 645 EP 652 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.10-0127 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 645SZ UT WOS:000281487800034 PM 20810833 ER PT J AU Nguyen, HT Sheu, TG Mishin, VP Klimov, AI Gubareva, LV AF Nguyen, Ha T. Sheu, Tiffany G. Mishin, Vasiliy P. Klimov, Alexander I. Gubareva, Larisa V. TI Assessment of Pandemic and Seasonal Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Susceptibility to Neuraminidase Inhibitors in Three Enzyme Activity Inhibition Assays SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ADAMANTANE RESISTANCE; OSELTAMIVIR-RESISTANT; ISOLATED WORLDWIDE; MOLECULAR MARKERS; UNITED-STATES; SURVEILLANCE; ZANAMIVIR; ANTIBODIES; MECHANISM; NETWORK AB The neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) zanamivir and oseltamivir are currently the only antiviral drugs effective for the treatment and prophylaxis of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infections. The proven potential of these viruses to acquire NAI resistance during treatment emphasizes the need to assess their NAI susceptibility. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) are known to vary depending on the neuraminidase inhibition (NI) test used; however, few side-by-side comparisons of different NI assays have been done. In the present study, a panel of 11 isolates representing 2009 seasonal and pandemic influenza H1N1 viruses, including oseltamivir-resistant H275Y variants, were tested in three functional NI assays: chemiluminescent (CL), fluorescent (FL), and colorimetric (CM). The sensitivities of the viruses to zanamivir, oseltamivir, and three investigational NAIs (peramivir, R-125489, and A-315675) were assessed. All isolates with the exception of H275Y variants were sensitive to all five NAIs by all three NI assays. The H275Y variants showed substantially elevated IC(50)s against oseltamivir and peramivir. The three NI assays generally yielded consistent results; thus, the choice of NI assay does not appear to affect conclusions based on drug susceptibility surveillance. Each assay, however, offers certain advantages compared to the others: the CL assay required less virus volume and the FL assay provided the greatest difference in the IC(50)s between the wild type and the variants, whereas the IC(50)s obtained from the CM assay may be the most predictive of the drug concentrations needed to inhibit enzyme activity in humans. It would be desirable to develop an NI assay which combines the advantages of all three currently available assays but which lacks their shortcomings. C1 [Nguyen, Ha T.; Sheu, Tiffany G.; Mishin, Vasiliy P.; Klimov, Alexander I.; Gubareva, Larisa V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Virus Surveillance & Diag Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gubareva, LV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Virus Surveillance & Diag Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Mail Stop G-16,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lgubareva@cdc.gov FU Atlanta Research and Education Foundation (AREF), Atlanta, GA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN FX Financial support for H.T.N. for this study was provided by the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation (AREF), Atlanta, GA. T.G.S. received financial support for this work from the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN. NR 39 TC 58 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 54 IS 9 BP 3671 EP 3677 DI 10.1128/AAC.00581-10 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 639WC UT WOS:000281005900021 PM 20585136 ER PT J AU McDougal, LK Fosheim, GE Nicholson, A Bulens, SN Limbago, BM Shearer, JES Summers, AO Patel, JB AF McDougal, Linda K. Fosheim, Gregory E. Nicholson, Ainsley Bulens, Sandra N. Limbago, Brandi M. Shearer, Julia E. S. Summers, Anne O. Patel, Jean B. TI Emergence of Resistance among USA300 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Causing Invasive Disease in the United States SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID SOFT-TISSUE INFECTIONS; TETRACYCLINE RESISTANCE; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT; CLONE USA300; COMMUNITY; PLASMIDS; GENES; DOXYCYCLINE; MUTATIONS; EVOLUTION AB USA300 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates are usually resistant only to oxacillin, erythromycin, and, increasingly, levofloxacin. Of these, oxacillin and levofloxacin resistances are chromosomally encoded. Plasmid-mediated clindamycin, mupirocin, and/or tetracycline resistance has been observed among USA300 isolates, but these descriptions were limited to specific patient populations or isolated occurrences. We examined the antimicrobial susceptibilities of invasive MRSA isolates from a national surveillance population in order to identify USA300 isolates with unusual, possibly emerging, plasmid-mediated antimicrobial resistance. DNA from these isolates was assayed for the presence of resistance determinants and the presence of a pSK41-like conjugative plasmid. Of 823 USA300 isolates, 72 (9%) were tetracycline resistant; 69 of these were doxycycline susceptible and tetK positive, and 3 were doxycycline resistant and tetM positive. Fifty-one (6.2%) isolates were clindamycin resistant and ermC positive; 22 (2.7%) isolates were high-level mupirocin resistant (mupA positive); 5 (0.6%) isolates were trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) resistant, of which 4 were dfrA positive; and 7 (0.9%) isolates were gentamicin resistant and aac6'-aph2 '' positive. Isolates with pSK41-like plasmids (n = 24) were positive for mupA (n = 19), dfrA (n = 6), aac6'-aph2 '' (n = 6), tetM (n = 2), and ermC (n = 8); 20 pSK41-positive isolates were positive for two or more resistance genes. Conjugative transfer of resistance was demonstrated between four gentamicin-and mupirocin-resistant and three gentamicin-and TMP-SMZ-resistant USA300 isolates; transconjugants harbored a single pSK41-like plasmid, which was PCR positive for aac6'-aph2 '' and either mupA and/or dfrA. USA300 and USA100 isolates from the same state with identical resistance profiles contained pSK41-like plasmids with indistinguishable restriction and Southern blot profiles, suggesting horizontal plasmid transfer between USA100 and USA300 isolates. C1 [McDougal, Linda K.; Fosheim, Gregory E.; Nicholson, Ainsley; Bulens, Sandra N.; Limbago, Brandi M.; Shearer, Julia E. S.; Summers, Anne O.; Patel, Jean B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot G08, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McDougal, LK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot G08, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lkm1@cdc.gov OI Summers, Anne/0000-0003-4258-9696 FU J. Craig Venter Institute FX Plasmid sequencing was supported by an award from the Microbial Genome Sequencing Program of the J. Craig Venter Institute to A.O.S., who thanks JCVI staff members John Gill, Heather Forberger, Jon Borman, and Jessica Hostetler in this regard. NR 38 TC 80 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 54 IS 9 BP 3804 EP 3811 DI 10.1128/AAC.00351-10 PG 8 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 639WC UT WOS:000281005900040 PM 20585117 ER PT J AU Tiller, RV Gee, JE Frace, MA Taylor, TK Setubal, JC Hoffmaster, AR De, BK AF Tiller, Rebekah V. Gee, Jay E. Frace, Michael A. Taylor, Trevor K. Setubal, Joao C. Hoffmaster, Alex R. De, Barun K. TI Characterization of Novel Brucella Strains Originating from Wild Native Rodent Species in North Queensland, Australia SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENOME SEQUENCE; IDENTIFICATION; MELITENSIS; MICROTI; GENE; PCR; SIMILARITIES; EVOLUTION; TAXONOMY; ABORTUS AB We report on the characterization of a group of seven novel Brucella strains isolated in 1964 from three native rodent species in North Queensland, Australia, during a survey of wild animals. The strains were initially reported to be Brucella suis biovar 3 on the basis of microbiological test results. Our results indicated that the rodent strains had microbiological traits distinct from those of B. suis biovar 3 and all other Brucella spp. To reinvestigate these rodent strains, we sequenced the 16S rRNA, recA, and rpoB genes and nine housekeeping genes and also performed multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA). The rodent strains have a unique 16S rRNA gene sequence compared to the sequences of the classical Brucella spp. Sequence analysis of the recA, rpoB, and nine housekeeping genes reveals that the rodent strains are genetically identical to each other at these loci and divergent from any of the currently described Brucella sequence types. However, all seven of the rodent strains do exhibit distinctive allelic MLVA profiles, although none demonstrated an amplicon for VNTR 07, whereas the other Brucella spp. did. Phylogenetic analysis of the MLVA data reveals that the rodent strains form a distinct clade separate from the classical Brucella spp. Furthermore, whole-genome sequence comparison using the maximal unique exact matches index (MUMi) demonstrated a high degree of relatedness of one of the seven rodent Brucella strains (strain NF 2653) to another Australian rodent Brucella strain (strain 83-13). Our findings strongly suggest that this group of Brucella strains isolated from wild Australian rodents defines a new species in the Brucella genus. C1 [Tiller, Rebekah V.; Gee, Jay E.; Frace, Michael A.; Hoffmaster, Alex R.; De, Barun K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Taylor, Trevor K.] Australian Anim Hlth Lab, Geelong, Vic 3220, Australia. [Setubal, Joao C.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP De, BK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mail Stop G34,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bkd1@cdc.gov RI Setubal, Joao/C-7305-2012; Oncogenomica, Inct/H-9999-2013 OI Setubal, Joao/0000-0001-9174-2816; NR 50 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 76 IS 17 BP 5837 EP 5845 DI 10.1128/AEM.00620-10 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 643IE UT WOS:000281288000020 PM 20639360 ER PT J AU Cao, LY Taylor, JS Sood, A Murray, D Siegel, PD AF Cao, Lauren Y. Taylor, James S. Sood, Apra Murray, Debora Siegel, Paul D. TI Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Synthetic Rubber Gloves Changing Trends in Patch Test Reactions to Accelerators SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA; IV ALLERGY; PROTECTIVE GLOVES; LATEX ALLERGY; FREQUENCY; CHEMICALS; ALTERNATIVES; PREVALENCE; OCCUPATION AB Background: Rubber gloves are one of the most frequent causes of occupational allergic contact dermatitis, especially in health care workers. Observations: We describe 23 patients with allergic contact dermatitis due to rubber accelerators in rubber gloves, some with disseminated dermatitis, treated during a 2-year period. Three had IgE-mediated latex allergies. Sixteen were health care workers from a single institution whose dermatitis was temporally related to the switch to latex-safe gloves. Each had positive patch test reactions to 1 or more rubber accelerators, including carbamates, thiurams, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, and 1,3-diphenylguanidine. Chemical analysis of 6 glove samples identified 2-mercaptobenzothiazole in 4 and zinc diethyldithiocarbamate in 1. There were discordances between patch test results for glove chemicals and glove swatches and between available information on chemicals used during glove production and chemicals detected during glove analysis. Although these factors may complicate the search for culprit and alternative gloves, dermatitis cleared in each of 9 patients with follow-up data and for whom alternative gloves were provided based on published information of glove composition. Conclusions: Allergic contact dermatitis due to synthetic rubber gloves occurs even with the use of latex-safe products. More knowledge about chemicals present in these gloves, to which the skin is exposed during use, is necessary to prevent and treat allergic contact dermatitis. C1 [Taylor, James S.; Sood, Apra; Murray, Debora] Cleveland Clin, Dept Dermatol, Dermatol Plast Surg Inst, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. [Cao, Lauren Y.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Clin Res Scholars Program, Cleveland, OH USA. [Siegel, Paul D.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Taylor, JS (reprint author), Cleveland Clin, Dept Dermatol, Dermatol Plast Surg Inst, A-61,9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. EM taylorj@ccf.org FU Amgen; Astellas; Bristol Myers Squibb; Centocor; Genentech; Pfizer; Procter and Gamble FX Dr Taylor has served on the advisory boards of Novartis, Shire Labs, and United Health Care; served as an author for HMP Communications, Unitech Communications, and Web MD; has served as a consultant to the AMA Press, BASF, Betco, Inc, Consumer Product Safety Commission, ConvaTec, Inc, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Novartis, Procter and Gamble, Regent Medical, and Shire Labs; has served as an investigator for Guidant, Mekos Lab Denmark, and Shire Labs; has served as a speaker for Aula Medica Spain, Hermal Labs Germany, Medicis, and Watson Labs; and owns or has owned stock in Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Johnson and Johnson, Keithley Instruments, Medco Health Solutions, Merck, Renovo, and Wyeth. He is also a director of the North American Contact Dermatitis Group, past vice president of the American Academy of Dermatology, and past president of the Academy of Medicine of Cleveland and Northern Ohio. His department has received investigator funds from Amgen, Astellas, Bristol Myers Squibb, Centocor, Genentech, Pfizer, and Procter and Gamble, for which he was not a participant. NR 41 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 146 IS 9 BP 1001 EP 1007 PG 7 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 652KF UT WOS:000282004600008 PM 20855699 ER PT J AU Jemal, A Siegel, R Xu, JQ Ward, E AF Jemal, Ahmedin Siegel, Rebecca Xu, Jiaquan Ward, Elizabeth TI Cancer Statistics, 2010 SO CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS LA English DT Article ID CURRENT CALENDAR YEAR; BREAST-CANCER; INCIDENCE RATES; UNITED-STATES; TRENDS; NATION; SURVIVAL; COUNTS; IMPACT AB Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the number of new cancer cases and deaths expected in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data regarding cancer incidence, mortality, and survival based on incidence data from the National Cancer Institute, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. Incidence and death rates are age-standardized to the 2000 US standard million population. A total of 1,529,560 new cancer cases and 569,490 deaths from cancer are projected to occur in the United States in 2010. Overall cancer incidence rates decreased in the most recent time period in both men (1.3% per year from 2000 to 2006) and women (0.5% per year from 1998 to 2006), largely due to decreases in the 3 major cancer sites in men (lung, prostate, and colon and rectum [colorectum]) and 2 major cancer sites in women (breast and colorectum). This decrease occurred in all racial/ethnic groups in both men and women with the exception of American Indian/Alaska Native women, in whom rates were stable. Among men, death rates for all races combined decreased by 21.0% between 1990 and 2006, with decreases in lung, prostate, and colorectal cancer rates accounting for nearly 80% of the total decrease. Among women, overall cancer death rates between 1991 and 2006 decreased by 12.3%, with decreases in breast and colorectal cancer rates accounting for 60% of the total decrease. The reduction in the overall cancer death rates translates to the avoidance of approximately 767,000 deaths from cancer over the 16-year period. This report also examines cancer incidence, mortality, and survival by site, sex, race/ethnicity, geographic area, and calendar year. Although progress has been made in reducing incidence and mortality rates and improving survival, cancer still accounts for more deaths than heart disease in persons younger than 85 years. Further progress can be accelerated by applying existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the population and by supporting new discoveries in cancer prevention, early detection, and treatment. CA Cancer J Clin 2010;60:277-300. (C) 2010 American Cancer Society, Inc. C1 [Jemal, Ahmedin; Siegel, Rebecca] Amer Canc Soc, Surveillance Informat Serv, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Xu, Jiaquan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mortal Stat Branch, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Jemal, A (reprint author), Amer Canc Soc, Surveillance Informat Serv, 250 Williams St NW, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM ahmedin.jemal@cancer.org RI Bell, Tiffany/F-4403-2010; qiao, zhixin/I-3408-2012; Karabulut, Erman/G-6679-2011; Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015 OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284 NR 23 TC 8455 Z9 9051 U1 84 U2 737 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0007-9235 J9 CA-CANCER J CLIN JI CA-Cancer J. Clin. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 60 IS 5 BP 277 EP 300 DI 10.1002/caac.20073 PG 24 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 649JP UT WOS:000281765200002 PM 20610543 ER PT J AU Irvin, EA Calafat, AM Silva, MJ Aguilar-Villalobos, M Needham, LL Hall, DB Cassidy, B Naeher, LP AF Irvin, Elizabeth Ann Calafat, Antonia M. Silva, Manori J. Aguilar-Villalobos, Manuel Needham, Larry L. Hall, Daniel B. Cassidy, Brandon Naeher, Luke P. TI An estimate of phthalate exposure among pregnant women living in Trujillo, Peru SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Phthalates; Developing world; Indoor air pollution; Pregnant women ID HUMAN URINE; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; HUMAN PLACENTA; METABOLITES; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE; POPULATION; MONOESTERS; SAMPLES; ESTERS; DEHP AB Phthalates are a group of phthalic acid esters which are used as plasticizers and additives. In laboratory animals, several phthalates are known endocrine disruptors. Several studies have described phthalate exposure in the United States and developed countries but little is known about phthalate exposure in the developing world, particularly during pregnancy. To assess exposure to six different phthalates, we measured the concentrations of nine phthalate metabolites in spot urine samples collected during the first, second, and third trimester of pregnancy from a group of 72 women living in Trujillo, Peru. Additionally, women completed questionnaires to provide demographic characteristics. Statistical analysis via linear models was used to evaluate potential differences in the concentrations of phthalate metabolites by trimester, cooking fuel type, socioeconomic status, and education. All metabolites were detected in >40% of samples analyzed, and mono-n-butyl phthalate, mono (2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate, and monoethyl phthalate were found in >90% of samples. Five of nine unadjusted urinary metabolites and four of nine creatinine-adjusted urinary metabolites were significantly lower in this group of pregnant women living in Peru compared to pregnant women in the US general population. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Irvin, Elizabeth Ann; Cassidy, Brandon; Naeher, Luke P.] Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.; Silva, Manori J.; Needham, Larry L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Aguilar-Villalobos, Manuel] Asociac Aire Ambiental, Lima, Peru. [Hall, Daniel B.] Univ Georgia, Dept Stat, Franklin Coll Arts & Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Naeher, LP (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM LNaeher@uga.edu RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011 FU International Society of Exposure Science (ISES); American Chemistry Council (ACC) FX The authors would like to thank Ella Samandar, James Preau and John A. Reidy (CDC, Atlanta, GA) for technical assistance in measuring the concentrations of phthalate metabolites, and Charles Dodson (CDC) for assistance in sample collection. We also thank Ing. Jorge Murgia and Trujillo City Hall for their invaluable support and assistance with this study. We also thank the International Society of Exposure Science (ISES) [formerly International Society of Exposure Assessment (ISEA)] and the American Chemistry Council (ACC) for funding support for this study through Luke P. Naeher's ISEA Young Investigator Award. Finally, we thank the women from Trujillo who participated in this study. NR 36 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD SEP PY 2010 VL 80 IS 11 BP 1301 EP 1307 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.06.048 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 653ZK UT WOS:000282137700009 PM 20701950 ER PT J AU Song, JM Kim, YC Lipatov, AS Pearton, M Davis, CT Yoo, DG Park, KM Chen, LM Quan, FS Birchall, JC Donis, RO Prausnitz, MR Compans, RW Kang, SM AF Song, Jae-Min Kim, Yeu-Chun Lipatov, Aleksandr S. Pearton, Marc Davis, C. Todd Yoo, Dae-Goon Park, Kyoung-Mi Chen, Li-Mei Quan, Fu-Shi Birchall, James C. Donis, Ruben O. Prausnitz, Mark R. Compans, Richard W. Kang, Sang-Moo TI Microneedle Delivery of H5N1 Influenza Virus-Like Particles to the Skin Induces Long-Lasting B- and T-Cell Responses in Mice SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTECTIVE IMMUNE-RESPONSES; A H5N1; AVIAN INFLUENZA; MICROFABRICATED MICRONEEDLES; HETEROSUBTYPIC IMMUNITY; INTRANASAL IMMUNIZATION; INACTIVATED VACCINES; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; HEALTHY-ADULTS AB A simple method suitable for self-administration of vaccine would improve mass immunization, particularly during a pandemic outbreak. Influenza virus-like particles (VLPs) have been suggested as promising vaccine candidates against potentially pandemic influenza viruses, as they confer long-lasting immunity but are not infectious. We investigated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of influenza H5 VLPs containing the hemagglutinin (HA) of A/Vietnam/1203/04 (H5N1) virus delivered into the skin of mice using metal microneedle patches and also studied the response of Langerhans cells in a human skin model. Prime-boost microneedle vaccinations with H5 VLPs elicited higher levels of virus-specific IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies, virus-specific antibody-secreting cells, and cytokine-producing cells up to 8 months after vaccination compared to the same antigen delivered intramuscularly. Both prime-boost microneedle and intramuscular vaccinations with H5 VLPs induced similar hemagglutination inhibition titers and conferred 100% protection against lethal challenge with the wild-type A/Vietnam/1203/04 virus 16 weeks after vaccination. Microneedle delivery of influenza VLPs to viable human skin using microneedles induced the movement of CD207(+) Langerhans cells toward the basement membrane. Microneedle vaccination in the skin with H5 VLPs represents a promising approach for a self-administered vaccine against viruses with pandemic potential. C1 [Song, Jae-Min; Kim, Yeu-Chun; Yoo, Dae-Goon; Park, Kyoung-Mi; Quan, Fu-Shi; Compans, Richard W.; Kang, Sang-Moo] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kim, Yeu-Chun; Prausnitz, Mark R.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30232 USA. [Lipatov, Aleksandr S.; Davis, C. Todd; Chen, Li-Mei; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Pearton, Marc; Birchall, James C.] Cardiff Univ, Welsh Sch Pharm, Cardiff CF10 3NB, S Glam, Wales. RP Compans, RW (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 1510 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM rcompan@emory.edu; skang2@emory.edu RI Kim, Yeu Chun/B-3389-2012; Compans, Richard/I-4087-2013; Birchall, James/N-1711-2014 OI Compans, Richard/0000-0003-2360-335X; Birchall, James/0000-0001-8521-6924 FU NIH/NIBIB [EB006369]; NIH/NIAID [AI0680003, AI074579]; Georgia Research Alliance; Korea Research Foundation [KRF-2007-357-C00088] FX This work was supported in part by NIH/NIBIB grant EB006369 (M.R.P.), NIH/NIAID grants AI0680003 and AI074579 (R.W.C.), the Georgia Research Alliance (S.-M. K.), and the Korea Research Foundation grant KRF-2007-357-C00088 (J.-M.S.). NR 53 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 17 IS 9 BP 1381 EP 1389 DI 10.1128/CVI.00100-10 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 645HW UT WOS:000281444300013 PM 20631330 ER PT J AU Carney, PJ Lipatov, AS Monto, AS Donis, RO Stevens, J AF Carney, Paul J. Lipatov, Aleksandr S. Monto, Arnold S. Donis, Ruben O. Stevens, James TI Flexible Label-Free Quantitative Assay for Antibodies to Influenza Virus Hemagglutinins SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID A H1N1 VIRUS; RECEPTOR SPECIFICITY; SUBCLASS RESPONSES; SEROLOGIC ASSAYS; B VIRUSES; VACCINE; SERUM; LIVE; HUMANS; H5N1 AB During the initial pandemic influenza H1N1 virus outbreak, assays such as hemagglutination inhibition and microneutralization provided important information on the relative protection afforded by the population's cross-reactivity from prior infections and immunizations with seasonal vaccines. However, these assays continue to be limited in that they are difficult to automate for high throughput, such as in pandemic situations, as well as to standardize between labs. Thus, new technologies are being sought to improve standardization, reliability, and throughput by using chemically defined reagents rather than whole cells and virions. We now report the use of a cell-free and label-free flu antibody biosensor assay (f-AbBA) for influenza research and diagnostics that utilizes recombinant hemagglutinin (HA) in conjunction with label-free biolayer interferometry technology to measure biomolecular interactions between the HA and specific anti-HA antibodies or sialylated ligands. We evaluated f-AbBA to determine anti-HA antibody binding activity in serum or plasma to assess vaccine-induced humoral responses. This assay can reveal the impact of antigenic difference on antibody binding to HA and also measure binding to different subtypes of HA. We also show that the biosensor assay can measure the ability of HA to bind a model sialylated receptor-like ligand. f-AbBA could be used in global surveillance laboratories since preliminary tests on desiccated HA probes showed no loss of activity after >2 months in storage at room temperature, indicating that the same reagent lots could be used in different laboratories to minimize interlaboratory assay fluctuation. Future development of such reagents and similar technologies may offer a robust platform for future influenza surveillance activities. C1 [Stevens, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, NCIRD, OID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Monto, Arnold S.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Stevens, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, NCIRD, OID, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop G-16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fwb4@cdc.gov FU Department of Health and Human Services National Vaccine Program Office FX This work was funded in part by a grant to J.S. from the Department of Health and Human Services National Vaccine Program Office. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 17 IS 9 BP 1407 EP 1416 DI 10.1128/CVI.00509-09 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 645HW UT WOS:000281444300016 PM 20660137 ER PT J AU Steitz, J Wagner, RA Bristol, T Gao, WT Donis, RO Gambotto, A AF Steitz, Julia Wagner, Robert A. Bristol, Tyler Gao, Wentao Donis, Ruben O. Gambotto, Andrea TI Assessment of Route of Administration and Dose Escalation for an Adenovirus-Based Influenza A Virus (H5N1) Vaccine in Chickens SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEWCASTLE-DISEASE VIRUS; PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA; IMMUNIZATION; PROTECTION; VECTORS; COMBINATION; CHALLENGE; IMMUNOGENICITY; TRANSMISSION; FORMULATIONS AB Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus causes one of the most economically devastating poultry diseases. An HPAI vaccine to prevent the disease in commercial and backyard birds must be effective, safe, and inexpensive. Recently, we demonstrated the efficacy of an adenovirus-based H5N1 HPAI vaccine (Ad5.HA) in chickens. To further evaluate the potential of the Ad5.HA vaccine and its cost-effectiveness, studies to determine the minimal effective dose and optimal route of administration in chickens were performed. A dose as low as 10(7) viral particles (vp) of adenovirus-based H5N1 vaccine per chicken was sufficient to generate a robust humoral immune response, which correlated with the previously reported level of protection. Several routes of administration, including intratracheal, conjunctival, subcutaneous, and in ovo routes, were evaluated for optimal vaccine administration. However, only the subcutaneous route of immunization induced a satisfactory level of influenza virus-specific antibodies. Importantly, these studies established that the vaccine-induced immunity was cross-reactive against an H5N1 strain from a different clade, emphasizing the potential of cross-protection. Our results suggest that the ad5.HA HPAI vaccine is safe and effective, with the potential of cross-clade protection. The ease of manufacturing and cost-effectiveness make ad5.HA an excellent avian influenza vaccine candidate with the ability to protect poultry from HPAI virus infection. Considering the limitations of the influenza vaccine technology currently used for poultry applications, any effort aimed at overcoming those limitations is highly significant. C1 [Gambotto, Andrea] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Surg, Div Infect Dis, Vector Core Facil,Rangos Res Ctr,Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15217 USA. [Steitz, Julia; Bristol, Tyler; Gambotto, Andrea] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15217 USA. [Gao, Wentao] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Pittsburgh, PA 15217 USA. [Wagner, Robert A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Div Lab Anim Resources, Pittsburgh, PA 15217 USA. [Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Virol & Vaccines Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gambotto, A (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Surg, Div Infect Dis, Vector Core Facil,Rangos Res Ctr,Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15217 USA. EM gambottoa@upmc.edu FU NIH [5R01AI069282-02] FX This work was supported by NIH grant 5R01AI069282-02 ( A. G.). NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 17 IS 9 BP 1467 EP 1472 DI 10.1128/CVI.00180-10 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 645HW UT WOS:000281444300023 PM 20660133 ER PT J AU Krasik, EF Liu, C Visvesvara, GS AF Krasik, Ellen F. Liu, Catherine Visvesvara, Govindra S. TI A 53-Year-Old Woman with Rapidly Progressive Altered Mental Status and Ataxia SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; BALAMUTHIA-MANDRILLARIS; ACANTHAMOEBA SPP.; NAEGLERIA-FOWLERI; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; VORICONAZOLE; MILTEFOSINE; INFECTION C1 [Liu, Catherine] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Infect Dis, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Liu, Catherine] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Krasik, Ellen F.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat Pathol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Visvesvara, Govindra S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasitol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Liu, C (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Infect Dis, 513 Parnassus Ave,S-380,Box 0654, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM catherine.liu@ucsf.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 51 IS 5 BP 575 EP + DI 10.1086/655690 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 634ZC UT WOS:000280623900014 PM 20684678 ER PT J AU Gould, LH Limbago, B AF Gould, L. Hannah Limbago, Brandi TI Clostridium difficile in Food and Domestic Animals: A New Foodborne Pathogen? SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; RETAIL GROUND MEAT; PCR RIBOTYPES; RAW DIETS; INFECTION; EPIDEMIC; HUMANS; STRAIN; CANADA AB Clostridium difficile infection is increasingly recognized as a cause of diarrhea in outpatients and persons with no apparent health care facility contacts. In contrast to C. difficile infection acquired in health care settings, few risk factors for development of community-associated C. difficile infection are known. Foodborne transmission of C. difficile has been hypothesized as a possible source for community-associated infections; however, the evidence to confirm or refute this hypothesis is incomplete. Recent studies have demonstrated isolation of C. difficile from foods in the United States, Canada, and Europe and from meat products intended for consumption by pets. This raises questions about foodborne transmission of this pathogen to humans through consumption of contaminated products. This review summarizes the available data on C. difficile in animals and food and discusses the potential for foodborne transmission of this pathogen. C1 [Gould, L. Hannah; Limbago, Brandi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gould, LH (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lgould@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 51 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 14 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 51 IS 5 BP 577 EP 582 DI 10.1086/655692 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 634ZC UT WOS:000280623900015 PM 20642351 ER PT J AU Chang, A Osterloh, J Thomas, J AF Chang, A. Osterloh, J. Thomas, J. TI Levamisole: A Dangerous New Cocaine Adulterant SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID DRUGS; 4-METHYLAMINOREX; AMINOREX; AGRANULOCYTOSIS; NEUTROPENIA AB Levamisole has increasingly been discovered in street cocaine as an adulterant. Recent reports have linked levamisole in street cocaine to agranulocytosis in cocaine users. It is well known that agranulocytosis is associated with therapeutic use of levamisole, and this may have led to the withdrawal of the drug from the US market. Levamisole was a US Food and Drug Administration-approved drug that has been used as an immunomodulator, a chemotherapy adjuvant, and anthelmintic medication. The purpose of adulterating street cocaine with levamisole is not known, but it has been speculated that it is added intentionally in order to potentiate the effects of cocaine. This may be supported by the recent report of metabolism of levamisole to aminorex in racehorses. Aminorex and related compounds, specifically 4-methylaminorex, or "ice," have high abuse potential because of their amphetamine-like pharmacological activity. This metabolism has not been reported in humans, and therefore the intended role of levamisole in street cocaine remains an enigma. C1 [Chang, A.] Emory Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Osterloh, J.; Thomas, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chang, A (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM aschang@emory.edu NR 30 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 12 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 88 IS 3 BP 408 EP 411 DI 10.1038/clpt.2010.156 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 643IK UT WOS:000281288600030 PM 20668440 ER PT J AU Denniston, MM Brener, ND Kann, L Eaton, DK McManus, T Kyle, TM Roberts, AM Flint, KH Ross, JG AF Denniston, Maxine M. Brener, Nancy D. Kann, Laura Eaton, Danice K. McManus, Timothy Kyle, Tonja M. Roberts, Alice M. Flint, Katherine H. Ross, James G. TI Comparison of paper-and-pencil versus Web administration of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS): Participation, data quality, and perceived privacy and anonymity SO COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Privacy; Anonymity; Web-based surveys; Paper-and-pencil surveys ID HEALTH; COMPUTER; VALIDITY; MODE AB The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) monitors priority health-risk behaviors among US high school students To better understand the ramifications of changing the YRBSS from paper-and-pencil to Web administration, in 2008 the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention conducted a study comparing these two modes of administration. Eighty-five schools in 15 states agreed to participate in the study Within each participating school. four classrooms of students in grades 9 or 10 were randomly assigned to complete the Youth Risk Behavior Survey questionnaire in one of four conditions (in-class paper-and-pencil, in-class Web without programmed skip patterns, in-class Web with programmed skip patterns, and "on your own" Web without programmed skip patterns). Findings included less missing data for the paper-and-pencil condition (1 5% vs 5 3%, 4 4 %. 6.4%; p < 001), less perceived privacy and anonymity among respondents for the in-class Web conditions, and a lower response rate for the "on your own" Web condition than for in-class administration by either mode (28.0% vs 91.2%, 90 1%, 91.4%; p < .001). Although Web administration might be useful for some surveys, these findings do not favor the use of a Web survey for the YRBSS Published by Elsevier Ltd C1 [Denniston, Maxine M.; Brener, Nancy D.; Kann, Laura; Eaton, Danice K.; McManus, Timothy] CDC, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kyle, Tonja M.; Roberts, Alice M.; Flint, Katherine H.; Ross, James G.] ICF Macro, Calverton, MD 20705 USA. RP Denniston, MM (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0747-5632 J9 COMPUT HUM BEHAV JI Comput. Hum. Behav. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 26 IS 5 BP 1054 EP 1060 DI 10.1016/j.chb.2010.03.006 PG 7 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA 615LY UT WOS:000279138000029 ER PT J AU Anderson, JE Warner, L Jamieson, DJ Kissin, DM Nangia, AK Macaluso, M AF Anderson, John E. Warner, Lee Jamieson, Denise J. Kissin, Dmitry M. Nangia, Ajay K. Macaluso, Maurizio TI Contraceptive sterilization use among married men in the United States: results from the male sample of the National Survey of Family Growth SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Article DE Vasectomy; Tubal sterilization; Tubal ligation; Surgical sterilization ID VASECTOMY AB Background: Surgical sterilization has many advantages. Previous information on prevalence and correlates was based on surveys of women. Study Design: We estimated the prevalence of vasectomy and tubal ligation of partners for male participants in the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth, a nationally representative survey of US residents aged 15-44 years. We identified factors associated with sterilizations using bivariate and multivariate techniques. Results: The findings revealed that 13.3% of married men reported having had a vasectomy and 13.8% reported tubal sterilization in their partners. Vasectomy increased with older age and greater number of biological children, non-Hispanic white ethnicity, having ever gone to a family planning clinic. Tubal sterilization use was more likely among men who had not attended college, those of older age and those with live births. Discussion: One in eight married men reported having vasectomies. Men who rely on vasectomies have a somewhat different profile than those whose partners have had tubal sterilizations. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Anderson, John E.; Warner, Lee; Jamieson, Denise J.; Kissin, Dmitry M.; Macaluso, Maurizio] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Womens Hlth & Fertil Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nangia, Ajay K.] Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA. RP Anderson, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Womens Hlth & Fertil Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jea1@cdc.gov RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015 OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690 NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD SEP PY 2010 VL 82 IS 3 BP 230 EP 235 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.03.018 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 645ML UT WOS:000281463700003 PM 20705150 ER PT J AU Hobbs, MM Steiner, MJ Rich, KD Gallo, MF Warner, L Macaluso, M AF Hobbs, Marcia M. Steiner, Markus J. Rich, Kimberly D. Gallo, Maria F. Warner, Lee Macaluso, Maurizio TI Vaginal swab specimen processing methods influence performance of rapid semen detection tests: a cautionary tale SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Article DE Semen; Prostate-specific antigen; Human semenogelin protein; Vaginal swabs; Rapid test ID PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; HUMAN SEMINAL PLASMA; HUMAN SEMENOGELIN; CONDOM FAILURE; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEIN; MARKER; INTERCOURSE; EFFICACY; EXPOSURE AB Background: Detection of semen biomarkers in vaginal fluid can be used to assess women's recent exposure to semen. Quantitative tests for detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) perform well, but are expensive and require specialized equipment. We assessed two rapid immunochromatographic strip tests for identification of semen in vaginal swabs. Study Design: We tested 581 vaginal swabs collected from 492 women. Vaginal secretions were eluted into saline, and PSA was measured using the quantitative IMx (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA) assay. Specimens were also tested using the ABAcard p30 test (Abacus Diagnostics, West Hills, CA, USA) for detection of PSA and RSID-Semen test (Independent Forensics, Hillside, IL, USA) for detection of semenogelin (Sg). Results: Vaginal swab extraction using saline was compatible with direct assessment of vaginal swab eluates using ABAcard for PSA detection, but not for Sg detection using RSID. The rapid PSA test detected 91% of specimens containing semen compared to 74% by the rapid Sg test. Conclusion: Investigators are urged to optimize vaginal swab specimen preparation methods for performance of RSID or other tests to detect semen components other than PSA. Previously described methods for PSA testing are not uniformly applicable to other tests. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Hobbs, Marcia M.; Rich, Kimberly D.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Steiner, Markus J.] Family Hlth Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27713 USA. [Gallo, Maria F.; Warner, Lee; Macaluso, Maurizio] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hobbs, MM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM mmhobbs@med.unc.edu RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015 OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690 FU NIAID NIH HHS [P30 AI050410, P30-AI050410, U19 AI031496, U19 AI031496-196568, U19-AI031496] NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD SEP PY 2010 VL 82 IS 3 BP 291 EP 295 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.02.022 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 645ML UT WOS:000281463700013 PM 20705160 ER PT J AU Hoerger, TJ Zhang, P Segel, JE Kahn, HS Barker, LE Couper, S AF Hoerger, Thomas J. Zhang, Ping Segel, Joel E. Kahn, Henry S. Barker, Lawrence E. Couper, Steven TI Cost-Effectiveness of Bariatric Surgery for Severely Obese Adults With Diabetes SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID Y GASTRIC BYPASS; WEIGHT-LOSS; LIFE-STYLE; TYPE-2; METAANALYSIS; MORTALITY; MELLITUS; IMPACT; RISK AB OBJECTIVE - To analyze the cost-effectiveness of bariatric surgery in severely obese (BMI >= 35 kg/m(2)) adults who have diabetes, using a validated diabetes cost-effectiveness model. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - We expanded the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-RTI Diabetes Cost-Effectiveness Model to incorporate bariatric surgery. In this simulation model, bariatric surgery may lead to diabetes remission and reductions in other risk factors, which then lead to fewer diabetes complications and increased quality of life (QoL). Surgery is also associated with perioperative mortality and subsequent complications, and patients in remission may relapse to diabetes. We separately estimate the costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and cost-effectiveness of gastric bypass surgery relative to usual diabetes care and of gastric banding surgery relative to usual diabetes care. We examine the cost-effectiveness of each type of surgery for severely obese individuals who are newly diagnosed with diabetes and for severely obese individuals with established diabetes. RESULTS - In all analyses, bariatric surgery increased QALYs and increased costs. Bypass surgery had cost-effectiveness ratios of $7,000/QALY and $12,000/QALY for severely obese patients with newly diagnosed and established diabetes, respectively. Banding surgery had cost-effectiveness ratios of $11,000/QALY and $13,000/QALY for the respective groups. In sensitivity analyses, the cost-effectiveness ratios were most affected by assumptions about the direct gain in QoL from BMI loss following surgery. CONCLUSIONS - Our analysis indicates that gastric bypass and gastric banding are cost-effective methods of reducing mortality and diabetes complications in severely obese adults with diabetes. C1 [Hoerger, Thomas J.; Couper, Steven] RTI Int, RTI UNC Ctr Excellence Hlth Promot Econ, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Zhang, Ping; Kahn, Henry S.; Barker, Lawrence E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Segel, Joel E.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Hoerger, TJ (reprint author), RTI Int, RTI UNC Ctr Excellence Hlth Promot Econ, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM tjh@rti.org OI Kahn, Henry/0000-0003-2533-1562 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2008-F-26817] FX T.J.H., J.E.S., and S.C. received support from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) under contract no. 200-2008-F-26817. NR 25 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD SEP PY 2010 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1933 EP 1939 DI 10.2337/dc10-0554 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 659IN UT WOS:000282560300004 PM 20805271 ER PT J AU Cheng, YJ Kahn, HS Gregg, EW Imperatore, G Geiss, LS AF Cheng, Y. J. Kahn, H. S. Gregg, E. W. Imperatore, G. Geiss, L. S. TI Recent population changes in HbA(1c) and fasting insulin concentrations among US adults with preserved glucose homeostasis SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Distribution; Glucose; Haemoglobin HbA(1c); Insulin; Type 2 diabetes ID TYPE-2; PROGRESSION AB Aims/hypothesis Although diagnosed type 2 diabetes has increased in the past decade, little is known about accompanying changes in fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA(1c) and fasting serum insulin (FI) levels in the nondiabetic population. Methods Using population estimates from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, we compared distribution of FPG, HbA1c and FI in non-diabetic US persons who were >= 20 years old in 1999 to 2006 with that in persons of the same age in 1988 to 1994. Results Age-, sex-and race-adjusted mean FPG levels between the two study periods did not change, but mean HbA1c and FI levels increased (0.10% and 4.8 pmol/l, respectively; p<0.001 for both). The increased HbA1c level was driven largely by an upward shift in the lower end of the HbA1c distribution. In contrast, the increased FI level was driven primarily by an upward shift in the middle and higher end of FI distribution, especially among persons aged 20 to 44 years. After adjustments for BMI or waist circumference, the increase in the mean HbA1c level was attenuated (0.06%; p<0.001), whereas the mean FPG level decreased by 0.1 mmol/l (p<0.001) and the mean FI level no longer demonstrated significant change. Conclusions/interpretation Despite little change in the distribution of FPG levels, HbA1c and FI levels increased in the non-diabetic population in the past decade. The increase in FI levels suggests that levels of insulin resistance were greater among US adults, especially young adults, than in the previous decade. C1 [Cheng, Y. J.; Kahn, H. S.; Gregg, E. W.; Imperatore, G.; Geiss, L. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Cheng, YJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, 4770 Buford Highway,NE Mailstop K-10, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ycheng@cdc.gov OI Kahn, Henry/0000-0003-2533-1562 NR 10 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0012-186X J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD SEP PY 2010 VL 53 IS 9 BP 1890 EP 1893 DI 10.1007/s00125-010-1800-2 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 639YD UT WOS:000281012200012 PM 20517591 ER PT J AU Schlosser, M Mueller, PW Lampasona, V Williams, AJK Achenbach, P AF Schlosser, M. Mueller, P. W. Lampasona, V. Williams, A. J. K. Achenbach, P. TI Combined measurement of autoantibodies against GAD, IA-2, insulin and ZnT8 in the Diabetes Autoantibody Standardization Program 2009 Workshop SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 46th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the- Study-of-Diabetes (EASD) CY SEP 20-24, 2010 CL Stockholm, SWEDEN SP European Assoc Study Diabetes C1 [Schlosser, M.] Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Dept Med Biochem & Mol Biol, Karlsburg, Germany. [Mueller, P. W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lampasona, V.] Ctr Genom Bioinformat & Biostat, Milan, Italy. [Williams, A. J. K.] Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, Avon, England. [Achenbach, P.] Diabet Res Grp TU Munich, Munich, Germany. RI Williams, Alistair/E-7647-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0012-186X J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD SEP PY 2010 VL 53 SU 1 MA 429 BP S178 EP S178 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 635XA UT WOS:000280689700430 ER PT J AU Lawrence, JM Hood, K Anderson, A Yi-Frazier, JP Case, LD Dabelea, D Bell, R Williams, DE McKeown, R AF Lawrence, J. M. Hood, K. Anderson, A. Yi-Frazier, J. P. Case, L. D. Dabelea, D. Bell, R. Williams, D. E. McKeown, R. TI Longitudinal associations between depressive symptoms and glycaemic control among adolescents and young adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 46th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the- Study-of-Diabetes (EASD) CY SEP 20-24, 2010 CL Stockholm, SWEDEN SP European Assoc Study Diabetes C1 [Lawrence, J. M.] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Pasadena, CA USA. [Hood, K.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Anderson, A.; Case, L. D.; Bell, R.] Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Yi-Frazier, J. P.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dabelea, D.] Univ Colorado Denver, Denver, CO USA. [Williams, D. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [McKeown, R.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RI Hood, Kerenza/C-2528-2008 OI Hood, Kerenza/0000-0002-5268-8631 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0012-186X J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD SEP PY 2010 VL 53 SU 1 MA 933 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 635XA UT WOS:000280689701375 ER PT J AU Turner, P Turner, CL Watthanaworawit, W Carrara, VI Kapella, BK Painter, J Nosten, FH AF Turner, Paul Turner, Claudia L. Watthanaworawit, Wanitda Carrara, Verena I. Kapella, Bryan K. Painter, John Nosten, Francois H. TI Influenza in Refugees on the Thailand-Myanmar Border, May-October 2009 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CASE-DEFINITION; INFECTIONS; VIRUS; ASSAY AB We describe the epidemiology of influenza virus infections in refugees in a camp in rural Southeast Asia during May October 2009, the first 6 months after identification of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 in Thailand. Influenza A viruses were detected in 20% of patients who had influenza-like illness and in 23% of those who had clinical pneumonia. Seasonal influenza A (H1N1) was the predominant virus circulating during weeks 26-33 (June 25 August 29) and was subsequently replaced by the pandemic strain. A review of passive surveillance for acute respiratory infection did not show an increase in acute respiratory tract infection incidence associated with the arrival of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 in the camp. C1 [Turner, Paul; Turner, Claudia L.; Watthanaworawit, Wanitda; Carrara, Verena I.; Nosten, Francois H.] Shoklo Malaria Res Unit, Mae Sot 63110, Thailand. [Turner, Paul; Turner, Claudia L.; Watthanaworawit, Wanitda; Carrara, Verena I.; Nosten, Francois H.] Mahidol Oxford Trop Med Res Unit, Bangkok, Thailand. [Turner, Paul; Turner, Claudia L.; Nosten, Francois H.] Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. [Kapella, Bryan K.; Painter, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Turner, P (reprint author), Shoklo Malaria Res Unit, POB 46,68-30 Ban Toong Rd, Mae Sot 63110, Thailand. EM pault@tropmedres.ac OI Nosten, Francois/0000-0002-7951-0745; Turner, Paul/0000-0002-1013-7815 FU US CDC [5U50CI000473-03]; Wellcome Trust of Great Britain; Wellcome Trust FX This work was supported by a US CDC cooperative agreement (5U50CI000473-03). SMRU is part of the Mahidol-Oxford University Tropical Medicine Research Unit, supported by the Wellcome Trust of Great Britain. P.T. was supported by a Wellcome Trust Training Fellowship in Clinical Tropical Medicine. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2010 VL 16 IS 9 BP 1366 EP 1372 DI 10.3201/eid1609.100220 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 643YT UT WOS:000281338000004 PM 20735919 ER PT J AU Feinstein, LB Holman, RC Christensen, KLY Steiner, CA Swerdlow, DL AF Feinstein, Lydia B. Holman, Robert C. Christensen, Krista L. Yorita Steiner, Claudia A. Swerdlow, David L. TI Trends in Hospitalizations for Peptic Ulcer Disease, United States, 1998-2005 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION; NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; TIME TRENDS; MORTALITY-RATES; ADMISSIONS; ERADICATION; COMPLICATIONS; ENGLAND AB Infection with Helicobacter pylori increases the risk for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and its complications. To determine whether hospitalization rates for PUD have declined since antimicrobial drugs to eradicate H. pylori became available, we examined 1998-2005 hospitalization records (using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample) in which the primary discharge diagnosis was PUD. Hospitalizations for which the diagnosis was H. pylori infection were also considered. The age-adjusted hospitalization rate for PUD decreased 21% from 71.1/100,000 population (95% confidence interval [Cl] 68.9-73.4) in 1998 to 56.5/100,000 in 2005 (95% Cl 54.6-58.3). The hospitalization rate for PUD was highest for adults >= 65 years of age and was higher for men than for women. The age-adjusted rate was lowest for whites and declined for all racial/ethnic groups, except Hispanics. The age-adjusted H. pylori hospitalization rate also decreased. The decrease in PUD hospitalization rates suggests that the incidence of complications caused by H. pylori infection has declined. C1 [Feinstein, Lydia B.; Holman, Robert C.; Christensen, Krista L. Yorita; Swerdlow, David L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Steiner, Claudia A.] Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Rockville, MD USA. RP Swerdlow, DL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dswerdlow@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2010 VL 16 IS 9 BP 1410 EP 1418 DI 10.3201/eid1609.091126 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 643YT UT WOS:000281338000010 PM 20735925 ER PT J AU Lajous, M Danon, L Lopez-Ridaura, R Astley, CM Miller, JC Dowell, SF O'Hagan, JJ Goldstein, E Lipsitch, M AF Lajous, Martin Danon, Leon Lopez-Ridaura, Ruy Astley, Christina M. Miller, Joel C. Dowell, Scott F. O'Hagan, Justin J. Goldstein, Edward Lipsitch, Marc TI Mobile Messaging as Surveillance Tool during Pandemic (H1N1) 2009, Mexico SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Lajous, Martin] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Lajous, Martin; Lopez-Ridaura, Ruy] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr Populat Hlth Res, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. [Danon, Leon] Univ Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Miller, Joel C.] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Dowell, Scott F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lajous, M (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM mlajous@hsph.harvard.edu RI Danon, Leon/J-6324-2012; Miller, Joel/C-4229-2015; OI Danon, Leon/0000-0002-7076-1871; Miller, Joel/0000-0003-4426-0405; Lipsitch, Marc/0000-0003-1504-9213 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [U01 GM076497] NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2010 VL 16 IS 9 BP 1488 EP 1489 DI 10.3201/eid1609.100671 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 643YT UT WOS:000281338000026 PM 20735942 ER PT J AU Kay, MK Gibney, KB Riedo, FX Kosoy, OL Lanciotti, RS Lambert, AJ AF Kay, Meagan K. Gibney, Katherine B. Riedo, Francis X. Kosoy, Olga L. Lanciotti, Robert S. Lambert, Amy J. TI Toscana Virus Infection in American Traveler Returning from Sicily, 2009 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID IDENTIFICATION; SEGMENT C1 [Kay, Meagan K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gibney, Katherine B.; Kosoy, Olga L.; Lanciotti, Robert S.; Lambert, Amy J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Riedo, Francis X.] Evergreen Hosp Med Ctr, Kirkland, WA USA. RP Kay, MK (reprint author), 401 5th Ave,Suite 900, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM meagan.kay@kingcounty.gov OI Gibney, Katherine/0000-0001-5851-5339 NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2010 VL 16 IS 9 BP 1498 EP 1500 DI 10.3201/eid1609.100505 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 643YT UT WOS:000281338000032 PM 20735948 ER PT J AU Verani, JR Yoder, JS Roy, SL AF Verani, Jennifer R. Yoder, Jonathan S. Roy, Sharon L. TI Contact Lens Solution-associated Acanthamoeba and Fusarium Keratitis Response SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Verani, Jennifer R.; Yoder, Jonathan S.; Roy, Sharon L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Verani, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jverani@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2010 VL 16 IS 9 BP 1502 EP 1503 DI 10.3201/eid1609.100933 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 643YT UT WOS:000281338000035 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI The Soot That Falls from Chimneys SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM PMP1@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2010 VL 16 IS 9 BP 1507 EP 1508 DI 10.3201/eid1609.000000 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 643YT UT WOS:000281338000038 PM 20735952 ER PT J AU Lee, DH Steffes, MW Sjodin, A Jones, RS Needham, LL Jacobs, DR AF Lee, Duk-Hee Steffes, Michael W. Sjoedin, Andreas Jones, Richard S. Needham, Larry L. Jacobs, David R., Jr. TI Low Dose of Some Persistent Organic Pollutants Predicts Type 2 Diabetes: A Nested Case-Control Study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE diabetes; obesity; organochlorine pesticides; persistent organic pollutants; polychlorinated biphenyls ID SERUM CONCENTRATIONS; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; NONDIABETIC ADULTS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; EXPOSURE; CHEMICALS; DIOXIN; 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN; ASSOCIATION; TOXICITY AB BACKGROUND: Low doses of some persistent organic pollutants (POPs) associate cross-sectionally with type 2 diabetes, whereas associations with high POP exposures are inconsistent. OBJECTIVES: We investigated whether several POPs prospectively predict type 2 diabetes within the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort. METHODS: Participants in this nested case-control study were diabetes free in 1987-1988. By 2005-2006, the 90 controls remained free of diabetes, whereas the 90 cases developed diabetes. Using serum collected in 1987-1988, we measured 8 organochlorine pesticides, 22 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (PCBs), and 1 polybrominated biphenyl (PBB). We compared POP concentrations from CARDIA and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2003-2004. We computed odds ratios (ORs) for incident diabetes using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Chlorinated POPs in CARDIA in 1987-1988 were much higher than corresponding NHANES 2003-2004 concentrations. POPs showed nonlinear associations with diabetes risk. The highest risk was observed in the second quartiles of trans-nonachlor, oxychlordane, mirex, highly chlorinated PCBs, and PBB153-a finding that suggests low-dose effects. We concentrated risk by summing these POPs and isolated very low concentrations of multiple POPs in the lowest sextile of the sum. The adjusted OR in the second sextile vs. the lowest sextile was 5.3 overall and 20.1 for body mass index >= 30 kg/m(2). CONCLUSIONS: Several POPs at low doses similar to current exposure levels may increase diabetes risk, possibly through endocrine disruption. Certain POPs may a play a role in the current epidemic of diabetes, which has been attributed to obesity. C1 [Jacobs, David R., Jr.] Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol, Sch Publ Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. [Jacobs, David R., Jr.] Univ Oslo, Dept Nutr, Oslo, Norway. [Lee, Duk-Hee] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Prevent Med, Sch Med, Taegu, South Korea. [Steffes, Michael W.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. [Sjoedin, Andreas; Jones, Richard S.; Needham, Larry L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Organ Analyt Toxicol Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jacobs, DR (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, 1300 S 2nd St,Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. EM jacob004@umn.edu RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [N01-HC-48047, N01-HC-48048, N01-HC-48049, N01-HC-48050, N01-HC-95095, R01-HL-53560] FX This study was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [contracts N01-HC-48047, N01-HC-48048, N01-HC-48049, N01-HC-48050 (CARDIA field centers), N01-HC-95095 (CARDIA Coordinating Center), and grant R01-HL-53560 (YALTA)]. NR 28 TC 138 Z9 149 U1 1 U2 43 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 118 IS 9 BP 1235 EP 1242 DI 10.1289/ehp.0901480 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 647MB UT WOS:000281621500009 PM 20444671 ER PT J AU Trabert, B De Roos, AJ Schwartz, SM Peters, U Scholes, D Barr, DB Holt, VL AF Trabert, Britton De Roos, Anneclaire J. Schwartz, Stephen M. Peters, Ulrike Scholes, Delia Barr, Dana B. Holt, Victoria L. TI Non-Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Risk of Endometriosis SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE case-control; endometriosis; non-dioxin-like PCBs; population-based; risk factors ID ITALIAN WOMEN; HUMAN-SERUM; EXPOSURE; ADJUSTMENT AB BACKGROUND: Endometriosis, a gynecologic disorder affecting 8-10% of reproductive-age women in the United States, is defined as the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus and is linked to pelvic pain and infertility. Environmental contaminants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), are hypothesized to contribute to endometriosis risk through effects on steroid hormones. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated serum concentrations of certain noncoplanar PCBs, which have no or only weak dioxin-like properties, as risk factors for endometriosis. METHODS: In a case-control study of Group Health enrollees in western Washington State, 20 PCB congeners were measured in serum from surgically confirmed endometriosis cases that were newly diagnosed between 1996 and 2001 (n = 251) and from female controls matched for age and reference year (n = 538). RESULTS: Summed and estrogenic PCB concentrations were not associated with endometriosis risk [summed: odds ratio (OR) = 1.3; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.8-2.2; estrogenic: OR = 1.1; 95% CI, 0.8-1.4]. Although several congener-specific ORs were statistically above or below the null (PCB 170: third quartile vs. lowest: OR = 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3-0.9; PCB 196: third quartile vs. lowest: OR = 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2-0.7; PCB 201: second vs. lowest: OR = 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3-0.8; third quartile vs. lowest: OR = 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2-0.7), there were no overall consistent patterns of endometriosis risk. CONCLUSIONS: Taken in context with other North American studies, our findings suggest that noncoplanar PCB concentrations consistent within the range of exposure currently observed in western Washington State do not contribute meaningfully to endometriosis risk. C1 [Trabert, Britton; De Roos, Anneclaire J.; Schwartz, Stephen M.; Peters, Ulrike; Scholes, Delia; Holt, Victoria L.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Trabert, Britton; De Roos, Anneclaire J.; Schwartz, Stephen M.; Peters, Ulrike; Holt, Victoria L.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Scholes, Delia] Grp Hlth Cooperat Puget Sound, Seattle, WA USA. [Barr, Dana B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Trabert, B (reprint author), 1620 Execut Blvd,EPS Room 5006,MSC 7234, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM britton.trabert@nih.gov RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013; Trabert, Britton/F-8051-2015 FU Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) [R01HD033792, T32HD052462]; National Institutes of Health; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [R829438] FX This research was supported by grants R01HD033792 and T32HD052462 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, and by STAR grant R829438 from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 31 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 12 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 118 IS 9 BP 1280 EP 1285 DI 10.1289/ehp.0901444 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 647MB UT WOS:000281621500016 PM 20423815 ER PT J AU Mendiola, J Jorgensen, N Andersson, AM Calafat, AM Ye, XY Redmon, JB Drobnis, EZ Wang, C Sparks, A Thurston, SW Liu, F Swan, SH AF Mendiola, Jaime Jorgensen, Niels Andersson, Anna-Maria Calafat, Antonia M. Ye, Xiaoyun Redmon, J. Bruce Drobnis, Erma Z. Wang, Christina Sparks, Amy Thurston, Sally W. Liu, Fan Swan, Shanna H. TI Are Environmental Levels of Bisphenol A Associated with Reproductive Function in Fertile Men? SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE bisphenol A; endocrine disruptors; male hormones; semen quality; xenoestrogens ID LUTEINIZING-HORMONE SECRETION; TESTOSTERONE LEVELS; DANISH POPULATION; SEMEN QUALITY; YOUNG MEN; SERUM; EXPOSURE; ANDROGEN; URINARY; OCTYLPHENOL AB BACKGROUND: Rodent and in vitro studies have demonstrated the estrogenicity of bisphenol A (BPA). However, few studies have examined the relationship between human exposure to BPA and male reproductive function. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the relationships between environmental BPA exposure and reproductive parameters, including semen quality and male reproductive hormones, in prospectively recruited fertile men. METHODS: Participants (n = 375) were partners of pregnant women who participated in the Study for Future Families in four U.S. cities, and all of the men provided blood, semen, and urine samples. BPA was measured in urine. Serum samples were analyzed for reproductive hormones, including follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, inhibin B, estradiol, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), as well as the free androgen index (FAI). Semen analyses were performed according to World Health Organization criteria. Pearson correlations were used for unadjusted analyses, and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine associations controlling for age, body mass index, smoking, ethnicity, urinary creatinine concentration, time of sample collection, and duration of abstinence. RESULTS: After multivariate adjustment, we observed no significant associations between any semen parameter and urinary BPA concentration. However, a significant inverse association was found between urinary BPA concentration and FAI levels and the FAI/LH ratio, as well as a significant positive association between BPA and SHBG. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that, in fertile men, exposure to low environmental levels of BPA may be associated with a modest reduction in markers of free testosterone, but any effects on reproductive function are likely to be small, and of uncertain clinical significance. C1 [Mendiola, Jaime; Liu, Fan; Swan, Shanna H.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Jorgensen, Niels; Andersson, Anna-Maria] Univ Copenhagen, Rigshosp, Univ Dept Growth & Reprod, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Calafat, Antonia M.; Ye, Xiaoyun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Redmon, J. Bruce] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Redmon, J. Bruce] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Dept Urol Surg, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Drobnis, Erma Z.] Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Womens Hlth, Columbia, MO USA. [Wang, Christina] Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. [Wang, Christina] Los Angeles Biomed Res Inst, Torrance, CA USA. [Sparks, Amy] Univ Iowa, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Thurston, Sally W.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Biostat & Computat Biol, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. RP Swan, SH (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 601 Elmwood Ave,Box 668, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. EM shanna_swan@urmc.rochester.edu RI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/F-8310-2010; Jorgensen, Niels/A-8148-2012; Andersson, Anna-Maria/F-5842-2013; OI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/0000-0001-9688-184X; Jorgensen, Niels/0000-0003-4827-0838; Andersson, Anna-Maria/0000-0002-7300-1659; Redmon, J. Bruce/0000-0002-1883-9467; Drobnis, Erma Z./0000-0001-5495-3489 FU The Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation [271070678]; University of Iowa Center for Health Effects of Environmental Contamination; General Clinical Research Center at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center [MO1 RR00425] FX This work was supported by The Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation (271070678), University of Iowa Center for Health Effects of Environmental Contamination, and General Clinical Research Center at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center (MO1 RR00425). NR 44 TC 72 Z9 76 U1 2 U2 19 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 118 IS 9 BP 1286 EP 1291 DI 10.1289/ehp.1002037 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 647MB UT WOS:000281621500017 PM 20494855 ER PT J AU Cao, Y Blount, BC Valentin-Blasini, L Bernbaum, JC Phillips, TM Rogan, WJ AF Cao, Yang Blount, Benjamin C. Valentin-Blasini, Liza Bernbaum, Judy C. Phillips, Terry M. Rogan, Walter J. TI Goitrogenic Anions, Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, and Thyroid Hormone in Infants SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE infant; iodide; nitrate; perchlorate; thiocyanate; thyrotropin; thyroxine ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SODIUM-IODIDE SYMPORTER; PERCHLORATE EXPOSURE; DRINKING-WATER; ENVIRONMENTAL PERCHLORATE; HUMAN-URINE; CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM; ION CHROMATOGRAPHY; US POPULATION; UNITED-STATES AB BACKGROUND: Environmental exposure of infants to perchlorate, thiocyanate, nitrate, might interfere with thyroid function. U.S. women with higher background perchlorate exposure have higher thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and lower thyroxine (T-4). There are no studies with individual measures of thyroid function and these goitrogens available in infants. OBJECTIVE: We examined the association of urinary perchlorate, nitrate, iodide, and thiocyanate with urinary T-4 and TSH in infants and whether that association differed by sex or iodide status. METHODS: We used data and samples from the Study of Estrogen Activity and Development, which assessed hormone levels of full-term infants over the first 12 months of life. The study included 92 full-term infants between birth and 1 year of age seen up to four times. Perchlorate, thiocyanate, nitrate, and iodide were measured in 206 urine samples; TSH and T-4 and were measured in urines and in 50 blood samples. RESULTS: In separate mixed models, adjusting for creatinine, age, sex, and body mass index, infants with higher urinary perchlorate, nitrate or thiocyanate had higher urinary TSH. With all three modeled, children with higher nitrate and thiocyanate had higher TSH, but higher perchlorate was associated with TSH only in children with low iodide. Unexpectedly, exposure to the three chemicals was generally associated with higher T-4. CONCLUSIONS: The association of perchlorate exposure with increased urinary TSH in infants with low urinary iodide is consistent with previous findings. Higher thiocyanate and nitrate exposure were also associated with higher TSH in infants. C1 [Cao, Yang; Rogan, Walter J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Cao, Yang] Second Mil Med Univ, Fac Hlth Serv, Dept Hlth Stat, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Blount, Benjamin C.; Valentin-Blasini, Liza] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bernbaum, Judy C.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Phillips, Terry M.] Natl Inst Biomed Imaging & Bioengn, Ultramicro Immunodiagnost Lab, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Rogan, WJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, POB 12233,Mail Drop A3-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM rogan@niehs.nih.gov RI Rogan, Walter/I-6034-2012; OI Rogan, Walter/0000-0002-9302-0160; Cao, Yang/0000-0002-3552-9153 FU National Institutes of Health FX This work was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health. NR 37 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 118 IS 9 BP 1332 EP 1337 DI 10.1289/ehp.0901736 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 647MB UT WOS:000281621500024 PM 20439182 ER PT J AU Berger, CN Sodha, SV Shaw, RK Griffin, PM Pink, D Hand, P Frankel, G AF Berger, Cedric N. Sodha, Samir V. Shaw, Robert K. Griffin, Patricia M. Pink, David Hand, Paul Frankel, Gad TI Fresh fruit and vegetables as vehicles for the transmission of human pathogens SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; UNPASTEURIZED ORANGE JUICE; CONTAMINATED IRRIGATION WATER; HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; O-ANTIGEN CAPSULE; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; ALFALFA SPROUTS; UNITED-STATES AB P>Much research into food-borne human pathogens has focused on transmission from foods of animal origin. However, recent investigations have identified fruits and vegetables are the source of many disease outbreaks. Now believed to be a much larger contributor to produce-associated outbreaks than previously reported, norovirus outbreaks are commonly caused by contamination of foods from hands of infected workers. Although infections with Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157 have been linked to beef more often than to any other food product, severe outbreaks have been traced to consumption of contaminated radish sprouts and pre-packaged spinach. Similarly, while infections with Salmonella have mainly been linked to consumption of foods of animal origin, many outbreaks have been traced to contaminated fresh produce. E. coli O157 binds to lettuce leaves by alternative mechanisms involving the filamentous type III secretions system, flagella and the pilus curli. Association of Salmonella with fresh produce appears to be serovar-specific involving flagella, curli, cellulose, and O antigen capsule. A better understanding of plant, microbiological, environmental, processing and food handling factors that facilitate contamination will allow development of evidence-based policies, procedures and technologies aimed at reducing the risk of contamination of fresh produce. C1 [Berger, Cedric N.; Shaw, Robert K.; Frankel, Gad] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Div Cell & Mol Biol, Ctr Mol Microbiol & Infect, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Sodha, Samir V.; Griffin, Patricia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pink, David; Hand, Paul] Univ Warwick, Warwick HRI, Wellesbourne CV35 9EF, Warwick, England. RP Frankel, G (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Div Cell & Mol Biol, Ctr Mol Microbiol & Infect, London SW7 2AZ, England. EM g.frankel@imperial.ac.uk FU BBSRC FX We gratefully acknowledge Robert V. Tauxe (CDC) for critical reading of this manuscript. This work was partially supported by a grant from the BBSRC. NR 143 TC 239 Z9 253 U1 18 U2 136 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1462-2912 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 12 IS 9 BP 2385 EP 2397 DI 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02297.x PG 13 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 646QK UT WOS:000281556900001 PM 20636374 ER PT J AU Crawford, ND Jones, CP Richardson, LC AF Crawford, Natalie D. Jones, Camara P. Richardson, Lisa C. TI UNDERSTANDING RACIAL AND ETHNIC DISPARITIES IN COLORECTAL CANCER SCREENING: BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM, 2002 AND 2004 SO ETHNICITY & DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Colorectal Cancer Screening; Racial/ethnic Disparities; Race-based Treatment; Access to Care ID UNITED-STATES; RACIAL/ETHNIC DISCRIMINATION; NATIONAL-HEALTH; AMERICANS; PATTERNS; ADULTS; CARE; RACE AB Introduction: Racial/ethnic disparities in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening exist. The literature suggests that differential treatment by race may influence health behaviors and health outcomes. Objective: We examined the impact of Reactions to Race-based treatment on being up-to-date with colorectal cancer screening with endoscopy or fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) among non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, and Hispanic men and women aged >= 50 years. Design: Secondary data analysis of the Reactions to Race Module on the 2002 and 2004 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) was performed. Using logistic regression, we examined the strength of association between Reactions to Race-based treatment variables with up-to-date CRC screening tests after adjusting for demographic and access variables. Main Outcome Measures: CRC screening tests were analyzed independently as FOBT within 2 years (n=30,134) and endoscopy (colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy) within 5 years (n=30,210). Results: Among Whites, 34% reported FOBT, compared with 30.6% of Blacks and 15.3% of Hispanics (P<.05). Forty-five percent of Whites reported endoscopy, compared with 40.7% of Blacks and 32.1% of Hispanics (P<.05). After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, Hispanics who always thought about their race were 73% (OR=.27; 95% CI:.13.57) less likely to receive FOBT. Conclusions: While screening disparities were largest among persons without insurance and a usual source of care, more research is needed to understand the influence of Reactions to Race-based treatment as an additional barrier to CRC screening. (Ethn Dis. 2010;20:359-365) C1 [Crawford, Natalie D.] Columbia Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Jones, Camara P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Richardson, Lisa C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Richardson, LC (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lfr8@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HYPERTENSION BLACKS-ISHIB PI ATLANTA PA 100 AUBURN AVE NE STE 401, ATLANTA, GA 30303-2527 USA SN 1049-510X J9 ETHNIC DIS JI Ethn. Dis. PD FAL PY 2010 VL 20 IS 4 BP 359 EP 365 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 702RK UT WOS:000285911600007 PM 21305822 ER PT J AU Olivieri, M Mirabelli, MC Plana, E Radon, K Anto, JM Bakke, P Benke, G D'Errico, A Henneberger, P Kromhout, H Norback, D Toren, K van Sprundel, M Villani, S Wieslander, G Zock, JP Kogevinas, M AF Olivieri, M. Mirabelli, M. C. Plana, E. Radon, K. Anto, J. M. Bakke, P. Benke, G. D'Errico, A. Henneberger, P. Kromhout, H. Norbaeck, D. Toren, K. van Sprundel, M. Villani, S. Wieslander, G. Zock, J-P. Kogevinas, M. TI Healthy hire effect, job selection and inhalation exposure among young adults with asthma SO EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Asthma; cross-sectional study; healthy worker effect; occupational exposure ID RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; POPULATION; MORTALITY; WORKERS; COHORT; SPAIN AB The aim of the present study was to assess whether asthma onset prior to entering the workforce influences whether a person holds a subsequent job with asthma-related inhalation exposures. The data of 19,784 adults from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey were analysed. For each respondent, a current or previously held job was linked to a job exposure matrix assigning high, low or no exposure to dust, gases or fumes. Jobs were also categorised according to the risk of exposures related to occupational asthma. Associations between asthma and subsequent occupational exposures were assessed using logistic regression models, with a random intercept for study centre and fixed adjustment for age, sex, type of study sample and smoking status. Of the respondents, 8% (n=1,619) reported asthma with onset before completion of full-time education. This population was at decreased risk of having a job with high (odds ratio 0.79; 95% confidence interval 0.68-0.92) or low (0.91; 0.80-1.03) exposure to dust, gases or fumes. The associations were consistent across exposure types (dusts, gases or fumes) and for jobs with a high risk of occupational asthma. Adults with asthma onset prior to entering the workforce may be less likely to hold jobs involving inhalation exposures. C1 [Olivieri, M.] Univ Verona, Univ Hosp Verona, Unit Occupat Med, Dept Med & Publ Hlth, I-37129 Verona, Italy. [D'Errico, A.] Serv Reg Epidemiol, Grugliasco, Italy. [Villani, S.] Univ Pavia, Dept Hlth Sci, Sect Med Stat & Epidemiol, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Mirabelli, M. C.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Henneberger, P.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. [Mirabelli, M. C.; Plana, E.; Anto, J. M.; Zock, J-P.; Kogevinas, M.] Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol, Municipal Inst Med Res, Barcelona, Spain. [Mirabelli, M. C.; Plana, E.; Anto, J. M.; Zock, J-P.; Kogevinas, M.] Ctr Invest Biomed Red Epidemiol & Salud Publ, Barcelona, Spain. [Anto, J. M.] Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Expt & Hlth Sci, Barcelona, Spain. [Radon, K.] Univ Munich, Inst Occupat Social & Environm Med, Unit Occupat & Environm Epidemiol & NetTeaching, Munich, Germany. [Bakke, P.] Haukeland Hosp, Dept Thorac Med, N-5021 Bergen, Norway. [Bakke, P.] Univ Bergen, Inst Med, Bergen, Norway. [Benke, G.] Monash Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia. [Kromhout, H.] Univ Utrecht, Environm Epidemiol Div, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Norbaeck, D.; Wieslander, G.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Sci Occupat & Environm Med, Uppsala, Sweden. [Norbaeck, D.; Wieslander, G.] Univ Hosp, Uppsala, Sweden. [Toren, K.] Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Allergol, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Toren, K.] Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Occupat & Environm Med, Gothenburg, Sweden. [van Sprundel, M.] Univ Antwerp, Dept Epidemiol & Social Med, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Kogevinas, M.] Univ Crete, Sch Med, Iraklion, Greece. RP Olivieri, M (reprint author), Univ Verona, Univ Hosp Verona, Unit Occupat Med, Dept Med & Publ Hlth, I-37129 Verona, Italy. EM mario.olivieri@univr.it RI Kogevinas, Manolis/C-3918-2017; Anto, J/H-2676-2014; OI Anto, J/0000-0002-4736-8529; Mirabelli, Maria/0000-0002-3540-0085; Norback, Dan/0000-0002-5174-6668; /0000-0003-2517-6515 FU European Commission (Brussels, Belgium); US National Institutes of Health (Bethesda, MD, USA) [1F32ES014142] FX The coordination of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey was supported by the European Commission (Brussels, Belgium). M. Mirabelli received funding from the US National Institutes of Health (Bethesda, MD, USA), grant number 1F32ES014142. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH; Washington, DC USA). Mention of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by NIOSH. NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD PI SHEFFIELD PA 442 GLOSSOP RD, SHEFFIELD S10 2PX, ENGLAND SN 0903-1936 J9 EUR RESPIR J JI Eur. Resp. J. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 36 IS 3 BP 517 EP 523 DI 10.1183/09031936.00125709 PG 7 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 658DI UT WOS:000282470000012 PM 20185427 ER PT J AU Leimane, V Dravniece, G Riekstina, V Sture, I Kammerer, S Chen, MP Skenders, G Holtz, TH AF Leimane, V. Dravniece, G. Riekstina, V. Sture, I. Kammerer, S. Chen, M. P. Skenders, G. Holtz, T. H. TI Treatment outcome of multidrug/extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Latvia, 2000-2004 SO EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; tuberculosis ID MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; RETROSPECTIVE COHORT; UNITED-STATES; FLUOROQUINOLONES; DEFINITION; PREDICTORS; TB AB In the present study, we characterised drug-resistance patterns, compared treatment outcome between extensively and nonextensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (non-XDR-TB) cases, and assessed risk factors for poor outcome in a high-prevalence country that screens all TB patients for first-line anti-TB drug resistance. We reviewed drug susceptibility test results among all pulmonary TB cases in Latvia diagnosed from 2000-2004, as well as demographic and clinical characteristics, drug-resistance patterns, and treatment outcomes. During the 5-yr period, 1,027 multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases initiated treatment. Among all cases, the proportion that experienced an outcome of cure or completion increased from 66.2 to 70.2% (p=0.06 for linear trend). Among the 48 (4.7%) XDR-TB cases, 18 (38%) were cured, four (8%) died, three (6%) defaulted, and treatment failed in 23 (48%). In proportional-hazards analysis, characteristics significantly associated with poor outcome included XDR-TB, being retired, presence of bilateral cavitation, and previous MDR-TB treatment history for those aged >= 55 yrs. Overall, treatment success among all MDR-TB cases increased over time. Strategies to prevent transmission of XDR-TB and to further improve treatment outcome are crucial for the future of TB control in Latvia. C1 [Kammerer, S.; Chen, M. P.; Holtz, T. H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Leimane, V.; Dravniece, G.; Riekstina, V.; Sture, I.; Skenders, G.] State Agcy TB & Lung Dis, Riga, Latvia. RP Holtz, TH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tholtz@th.cdc.gov FU Latvian Ministry of Health; US Agency for International Development FX Funding for this study was provided by the Latvian Ministry of Health. A small amount was contributed by the US Agency for International Development to support technical assistance to the project, but they had no role in the conduct of the study. NR 42 TC 49 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 3 PU EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD PI SHEFFIELD PA 442 GLOSSOP RD, SHEFFIELD S10 2PX, ENGLAND SN 0903-1936 J9 EUR RESPIR J JI Eur. Resp. J. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 36 IS 3 BP 584 EP 593 DI 10.1183/09031936.00003710 PG 10 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 658DI UT WOS:000282470000020 PM 20185428 ER PT J AU Visvesvara, GS AF Visvesvara, Govinda S. TI In memory of Dr. Frederick Lee Schuster (1934-2009) SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Visvesvara, GS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gsv1@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 126 IS 1 SI SI BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2010.05.004 PG 1 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 612QQ UT WOS:000278917000001 ER PT J AU Lorenzo-Morales, J Marciano-Cabral, F Lindo, JF Visvesvara, GS Maciver, SK AF Lorenzo-Morales, Jacob Marciano-Cabral, Francine Lindo, John F. Visvesvara, Govinda S. Maciver, Sutherland K. TI Pathogenicity of amoebae Introduction SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Lorenzo-Morales, Jacob; Maciver, Sutherland K.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Biomed Sci, Ctr Integrat Physiol, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, Midlothian, Scotland. [Lorenzo-Morales, Jacob] Univ La Laguna, Univ Inst Trop Dis & Publ Hlth Canary Isl, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. [Marciano-Cabral, Francine] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Sch Med, Richmond, VA USA. [Lindo, John F.] Univ W Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica. [Visvesvara, Govinda S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lorenzo-Morales, J (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Sch Biomed Sci, Ctr Integrat Physiol, Hugh Robson Bldg,George Sq, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, Midlothian, Scotland. EM jmlorenz@ull.es OI Lorenzo-Morales, Jacob/0000-0002-7683-2888 NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 126 IS 1 SI SI BP 2 EP 3 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2010.05.003 PG 2 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 612QQ UT WOS:000278917000002 PM 20682153 ER PT J AU Igwe, EI Shewmaker, PL Facklam, RR Farley, MM Van Beneden, C Beall, B AF Igwe, Emeka I. Shewmaker, Patricia L. Facklam, Richard R. Farley, Monica M. Van Beneden, Chris Beall, Bernard TI Identification of superantigen genes speM, ssa, and smeZ in invasive strains of beta-hemolytic group C and G streptococci recovered from humans (vol 229, pg 259, 2003) SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Correction C1 [Igwe, Emeka I.; Shewmaker, Patricia L.; Facklam, Richard R.; Van Beneden, Chris; Beall, Bernard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. RP Igwe, EI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0378-1097 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 310 IS 2 BP 193 EP 193 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 642JT UT WOS:000281209500013 ER PT J AU Durant, T Anderson, JE Goldfarb, J Macaluso, M AF Durant, T. Anderson, J. E. Goldfarb, J. Macaluso, M. TI TRENDS AND CORRELATES OF GOOD PERINATAL OUTCOMES AMONG SINGLETON INFANTS CONCEIVED THROUGH ART IN THE US, 2000-2005. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine (ASRM 2010) CY OCT 23-27, 2010 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Reproductive Med C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. Cleveland Clin Fertil Ctr, Soc Assisted Reprod Technol, Beachwood, OH USA. RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015 OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 94 IS 4 SU 1 BP S53 EP S53 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 645GR UT WOS:000281441000181 ER PT J AU Louis, GMB Kim, S Chen, Z Sweeney, AM Barr, D Schrader, SM AF Louis, G. M. Buck Kim, S. Chen, Z. Sweeney, A. M. Barr, D. Schrader, S. M. TI POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS AND SEMEN QUALITY - LIFE STUDY. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine (ASRM 2010) CY OCT 23-27, 2010 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Reproductive Med C1 Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, Rockville, MD USA. Texas A&M Rural Sch Publ Hlth, College Stn, TX USA. Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. NIOSH, CDC, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RI Schrader, Steven/E-8120-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 94 IS 4 SU 1 BP S73 EP S74 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 645GR UT WOS:000281441000251 ER PT J AU Macaluso, M Grow, D Durant, T Kulkarni, A AF Macaluso, M. Grow, D. Durant, T. Kulkarni, A. TI OUTCOMES OF COMMON OVARIAN STIMULATION PROTOCOLS AMONG WOMEN WITH A GOOD ART PROGNOSTIC PROFILE. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine (ASRM 2010) CY OCT 23-27, 2010 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Reproductive Med C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. Baystate Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Springfield, MA USA. RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015 OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 94 IS 4 SU 1 BP S54 EP S54 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 645GR UT WOS:000281441000186 ER PT J AU Steiner, AZ Herring, A Kesner, J Meadows, JW Hoberman, S Baird, DD AF Steiner, A. Z. Herring, A. Kesner, J. Meadows, J. W. Hoberman, S. Baird, D. D. TI URINARY MARKERS OF OVARIAN AGING AND PREDICTING NATURAL FERTILITY. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine (ASRM 2010) CY OCT 23-27, 2010 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Reproductive Med C1 Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 94 IS 4 SU 1 BP S45 EP S45 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 645GR UT WOS:000281441000154 ER PT J AU Stern, JE Lieberman, ES Macaluso, M Racowsky, C AF Stern, J. E. Lieberman, E. S. Macaluso, M. Racowsky, C. TI IS CRYOPRESERVATION OF EMBRYOS A LEGITIMATE SURROGATE MARKER OF EMBRYO QUALITY IN STUDIES OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY CONDUCTED USING NATIONAL DATABASES? SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 66th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine (ASRM 2010) CY OCT 23-27, 2010 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Reproduct Med C1 Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015 OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 94 IS 4 SU 1 BP S264 EP S264 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 645GR UT WOS:000281441000905 ER PT J AU Nierenberg, K Byrne, MM Fleming, LE Stephan, W Reich, A Backer, LC Tanga, E Dalpra, DR Kirkpatrick, B AF Nierenberg, Kate Byrne, Margaret M. Fleming, Lora E. Stephan, Wendy Reich, Andrew Backer, Lorraine C. Tanga, Elvira Dalpra, Dana R. Kirkpatrick, Barbara TI Florida red tide perception: Residents versus tourists SO HARMFUL ALGAE LA English DT Article DE Communication tools; Evaluation of outreach and education; Florida red tide; Harmful algal blooms and public knowledge; Karenia brevis; Outreach and education; Resident risk perception; Seafood safety; Tourist risk perception ID TOXINS BREVETOXINS; EXPOSURE; ASTHMA; RISK; FISH AB The west coast of Florida has annual blooms of the toxin-producing dinoflagellate, Karenia brevis with Sarasota, FL considered the epicenter for these blooms. Numerous outreach materials, including Frequently Asked Question (FAQ) cards, exhibits for local museums and aquaria, public beach signs, and numerous websites have been developed to disseminate information to the public about this natural hazard. In addition, during intense onshore blooms, a great deal of media attention, primarily via newspaper (print and web) and television, is focused on red tide. However to date, the only measure of effectiveness of these outreach methods has been counts of the number of people exposed to the information, e.g., visits to a website or number of FAQ cards distributed. No formal assessment has been conducted to determine if these materials meet their goal of informing the public about Florida red tide. Also, although local residents have the opinion that they are very knowledgeable about Florida red tide, this has not been verified empirically. This study addressed these issues by creating and administering an evaluation tool for the assessment of public knowledge about Florida red tide. A focus group of Florida red tide outreach developers assisted in the creation of the evaluation tool. The location of the evaluation was the west coast of Florida, in Sarasota County. The objective was to assess the knowledge of the general public about Florida red tide. This assessment identified gaps in public knowledge regarding Florida red tides and also identified what information sources people want to use to obtain information on Florida red tide. The results from this study can be used to develop more effective outreach materials on Florida red tide. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Nierenberg, Kate] Mote Marine Lab, Environm Hlth Program, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. [Byrne, Margaret M.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Fleming, Lora E.; Stephan, Wendy] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, NSF & NIEHS Oceans & Human Hlth Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Fleming, Lora E.; Stephan, Wendy] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, NIEHS Marine & Freshwater Biomed Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Reich, Andrew] Florida Dept Hlth & Rehabil Serv, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. [Backer, Lorraine C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Tanga, Elvira] Wesleyan Coll, Macon, GA 31210 USA. RP Nierenberg, K (reprint author), Mote Marine Lab, Environm Hlth Program, 1600 Ken Thompson Pkwy, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. EM knierenberg@mote.org FU National Science Foundation [0453955]; DHHS NIH of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P01 ES 10594]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Oceans and Human Health Center at the University of Miami Rosenstiel School [NSF OCE0432368, NSF OCE0911373]; NIEHS [1 P50 ES12736]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Florida Department of Health [U50/CCU423360-02] FX Thanks to Erin Griswold and all the Mote Marine Laboratory volunteers who took time to administer this survey. This research was supported by the National Science Foundation under The Research Experience for Undergraduate Program, grant number 0453955 and the P01 ES 10594, DHHS NIH of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Additional support was received from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Oceans and Human Health Center at the University of Miami Rosenstiel School (NSF OCE0432368 and NSF OCE0911373); (NIEHS 1 P50 ES12736), as well as by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Florida Department of Health (Cooperative Agreement: U50/CCU423360-02). [SS] NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-9883 EI 1878-1470 J9 HARMFUL ALGAE JI Harmful Algae PD SEP PY 2010 VL 9 IS 6 BP 600 EP 606 DI 10.1016/j.hal.2010.04.010 PG 7 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 652JC UT WOS:000281999300009 PM 20824108 ER PT J AU Kenneson, A Bobo, JK AF Kenneson, Aileen Bobo, Janet Kay TI The effect of caregiving on women in families with Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy SO HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY LA English DT Article DE burden; caregiver; distress; muscular dystrophy; quality of life; stress ID HEALTH-CARE NEEDS; CHILDREN; DISABILITIES; RESILIENCE; STRESS; BURDEN AB Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (DBMD) is a disorder of progressive muscle weakness that causes an increasing need for assistance with activities of daily living. Our objective was to assess the psychosocial health and contributing factors among female caregivers in families with DBMD. We conducted a survey of adult women among families with DBMD in the United States (US) from June 2006 through January 2007, collecting data related to the care recipient, perception of caregiving demands, personal factors, and socio-ecologic factors. Life satisfaction, stress, and distress were assessed as outcomes. Existing validated instruments were used when available. We received responses from 1238 women who were caring for someone with DBMD, 24.2% of whom were caring for two or more people with DBMD. Caregivers were more likely to be married/cohabitating than women in the general US population, and a high level of resiliency was reported by 89.3% of caregivers. However, the rate of serious psychological distress was significantly higher among caregivers than among the general population. Likewise, 46.4% reported a high level of stress, and only 61.7% reported that they were satisfied with their life. A high level of caregiving demands based on the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) was reported by 50.4% of caregivers. The post-ambulatory phase of DBMD was associated with decreased social support and increased ZBI scores. In multivariate logistic regression modelling, life satisfaction was dependent on high social support, high resiliency, high income, and form of DBMD. Distress and high stress were predicted by low resiliency, low social support, and low income. Employment outside of the home was also a predictor of high stress. Interventions focused on resiliency and social support are likely to improve the quality of life of DBMD caregivers, and perhaps caregivers of children with other disabilities or special health care needs as well. C1 [Bobo, Janet Kay] Ctr Publ Hlth Res & Evaluat, Battelle Mem Inst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Kenneson, Aileen] McKing Consulting Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kenneson, Aileen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bobo, JK (reprint author), Ctr Publ Hlth Res & Evaluat, Battelle Mem Inst, 1100 Dexter Ave N,Suite 400, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM boboj@battelle.org NR 46 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0966-0410 J9 HEALTH SOC CARE COMM JI Health Soc. Care Community PD SEP PY 2010 VL 18 IS 5 BP 520 EP 528 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2524.2010.00930.x PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Work SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Work GA 635DK UT WOS:000280635600009 PM 20561071 ER PT J AU Kauvar, LM Harcourt, JL Haynes, LM Tripp, RA AF Kauvar, Lawrence M. Harcourt, Jennifer L. Haynes, Lia M. Tripp, Ralph A. TI Therapeutic targeting of respiratory syncytial virus G-protein SO IMMUNOTHERAPY LA English DT Review DE antibody therapy; innate immunity; prophylaxis; RSV; therapeutics treatment ID SECRETED GLYCOPROTEIN-G; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; INNATE IMMUNITY; INFECTION; RSV; MOTAVIZUMAB; CHILDREN; BRONCHIOLITIS; PREVENTION; DISEASE AB Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants and young children and an important pathogen of the elderly and immune suppressed. The only intervention currently available is a monoclonal antibody against the RSV fusion protein, which has shown utility as a prophylactic for high-risk premature infants, but which has not shown postinfection therapeutic efficacy in the specific RSV-infected populations studied. Thus, for the major susceptible populations, there remains a great need for effective treatment. Recent results support monoclonal antibody targeting of the RSV G-protein for therapeutic use. This objective encompasses a dual mechanism: reduction in the ability of RSV G-protein to distort the host innate immune response, and direct complement-mediated antiviral activity. C1 [Kauvar, Lawrence M.] Trellis Biosci, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. [Harcourt, Jennifer L.; Haynes, Lia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tripp, Ralph A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Infect Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Kauvar, LM (reprint author), Trellis Biosci, 2-B Corp Dr, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. EM lkauvar@trellisbio.com OI Tripp, Ralph/0000-0002-2924-9956 FU National Institutes of Health [5RO1AI06275-03]; National Institutes of Health through Georgia Research Alliance; Cooperative Research and Development Agreement between Trellis Bioscience, University of Georgia and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Lawrence Kauvar and Ralph Tripp have a personal financial stake in a clinical candidate monoclonal antibody against the respiratory syncytial virus G-protein, which was discovered by Trellis Bioscience and licensed to MedImmune. Ralph Tripp is a co-inventor on a royalty bearing Centers for Disease Control and Prevention patent portfolio, which has been licensed to Trellis Bioscience. Research was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health (5RO1AI06275-03) and through the Georgia Research Alliance to Ralph Tripp and by a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement between Trellis Bioscience, University of Georgia and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. NR 53 TC 14 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1750-743X J9 IMMUNOTHERAPY-UK JI Immunotherapy PD SEP PY 2010 VL 2 IS 5 BP 655 EP 661 DI 10.2217/IMT.10.53 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 660CO UT WOS:000282617100011 PM 20874649 ER PT J AU Huai, Y Lin, JY Varma, JK Peng, ZB He, JF Cheng, C Zhong, HJ Chen, YS Zheng, YD Luo, YA Liang, WJ Wu, XL Huang, ZY McFarland, J Feng, ZJ Uyeki, TM Yu, HJ AF Huai, Yang Lin, Jinyan Varma, Jay K. Peng, Zhibin He, Jianfeng Cheng, Chen Zhong, Haojie Chen, Yuansheng Zheng, Yingdong Luo, Yuan Liang, Wenjia Wu, Xiaoling Huang, Zhenyu McFarland, Jeffrey Feng, Zijian Uyeki, Timothy M. Yu, Hongjie TI A primary school outbreak of pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) in China SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Outbreak; pandemic 2009 influenza H1N1; school ID TRANSMISSION; CLOSURE; DISEASES; CHILDREN; CAMPUS AB Background We investigated the first known outbreak of pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) at a primary school in China. Objectives To describe epidemiologic findings, identify risk factors associated with 2009 H1N1 illness, and inform national policy including school outbreak control and surveillance strategies. Methods We conducted retrospective case finding by reviewing the school's absentee log and retrieving medical records. Enhanced surveillance was implemented by requiring physicians to report any influenza-like illness (ILI) cases to public health authorities. A case-control study was conducted to detect potential risk factors for 2009 H1N1 illness. A questionnaire was administered to 50 confirmed cases and 197 age-, gender-, and location-matched controls randomly selected from student and population registries. Results The attack rate was 4% (50/1314), and children from all grades were affected. When compared with controls, confirmed cases were more likely to have been exposed to persons with respiratory illness either in the home or classroom within 7 days of symptom onset (OR, 4 center dot 5, 95% CI: 1 center dot 9-10 center dot 7). No cases reported travel or contact with persons who had traveled outside of the country. Conclusions Findings in this outbreak investigation, including risk of illness associated with contacting persons with respiratory illness, are consistent with those reported by others for seasonal influenza and 2009 H1N1 outbreaks in school. The outbreak confirmed that community-level transmission of 2009 H1N1 virus was occurring in China and helped lead to changes in the national pandemic policy from containment to mitigation. C1 [Huai, Yang; Peng, Zhibin; Cheng, Chen; Chen, Yuansheng; Luo, Yuan; Feng, Zijian; Yu, Hongjie] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Dis Control & Emergency Response, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. [Lin, Jinyan; He, Jianfeng; Zhong, Haojie; Liang, Wenjia; Wu, Xiaoling; Huang, Zhenyu] Guangdong Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Varma, Jay K.; McFarland, Jeffrey] China US Collaborat Program Emerging & Re Emergin, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Varma, Jay K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zheng, Yingdong] Peking Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [McFarland, Jeffrey; Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Yu, HJ (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Dis Control & Emergency Response, 155 Changbai Rd, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. EM yuhj@chinacdc.cn FU China-U.S. Collaborative Program on Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases FX The authors thank the head teacher and staff of the school for providing the contact information for pupils, the staff of township hospital completed the interviews. The views expressed in this study are those of the authors and do not represent the official policy of China CDC or US CDC. The work was supported by China-U.S. Collaborative Program on Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases. NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 5 BP 259 EP 266 DI 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2010.00150.x PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 639LK UT WOS:000280976100003 PM 20795308 ER PT J AU Nakata, A Takahashi, M Otsuka, Y Swanson, NG AF Nakata, Akinori Takahashi, Masaya Otsuka, Yasumasa Swanson, Naomi G. TI Is Self-Rated Health Associated with Blood Immune Markers in Healthy Individuals? SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Self-rated health; Immune system; B cell; IgG; Cytokine; Psychoimmunology ID ELECTRIC-POWER PLANT; PERCEIVED JOB STRESS; PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES; T-LYMPHOCYTES; MALE WORKERS; FOLLOW-UP; MORTALITY; POPULATION; MEN; DISEASE AB Although self-rated health (SRH) has been established as a robust predictor of morbidity and mortality, the immunological mechanisms underpinning this relationship are poorly understood. This study examined the association of SRH with humoral and cellular immune markers in healthy individuals who reported no physical illnesses. A total of 116 healthy Japanese white-collar employees (79 women and 37 men) at a pharmaceutical company, aged 23-62 (mean 32) years, underwent a blood draw for the measurement of circulating immune (T, B, and natural killer) cells, inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha), and plasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) and completed a health survey including SRH. The question regarding SRH ranged from "very good" (coded 1) to "very poor" (coded 5). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was carried out to calculate the relationship between SRH and immune markers. In this sample, poor SRH was positively correlated with B (CD19(+)) cell numbers (beta = 0.260, p < 0.05) and IgG levels (beta = 0.335, p < 0.01) even after adjusting for depressive symptoms, age, education, marital status, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, body mass index, sex, and sex x SRH interaction. The interaction between SRH and sex on the immune markers was not significant. Although the connection between SRH and immune markers was not strong in this context, the results suggest that poor SRH may be associated with reduced humoral immune system capacity to respond to new/latent challenges. The results provide some support for the immunological basis of SRH in healthier individuals. C1 [Nakata, Akinori; Swanson, Naomi G.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Takahashi, Masaya] Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan. [Otsuka, Yasumasa] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Psychol, Sch Educ, Hiroshima, Japan. RP Nakata, A (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS-C24, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM cji5@cdc.gov RI Nakata, Akinori/A-2399-2008 NR 36 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1070-5503 J9 INT J BEHAV MED JI Int. J. Behav. Med. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 17 IS 3 BP 234 EP 242 DI 10.1007/s12529-010-9102-0 PG 9 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 632AJ UT WOS:000280391900010 PM 20512441 ER PT J AU Ishida, K Stupp, P Serbanescu, F Tullo, E AF Ishida, Kanako Stupp, Paul Serbanescu, Florina Tullo, Edgar TI Perinatal risk for common mental disorders and suicidal ideation among women in Paraguay SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS LA English DT Article DE Common mental disorders; Low-resource country; Mental health; Paraguay; Population-based study; Suicidal ideation ID 4 DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS; POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION; LOW-INCOME; HEALTH; MIDDLE AB Objective: To examine the association between mental health problems among pregnant women and those in the postpartum period using a nationally representative sample of 6538 women aged 15-49 years from the National Survey of Demography and Sexual and Reproductive Health in Paraguay. Methods: The predicted probabilities (PP) of common mental disorders (CMD) and suicidal ideation were assessed using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and logistic regression models. Results: No evidence was found of an increased risk for mental health problems associated with being pregnant or in the postpartum period alone. The risk for CMD during pregnancy and the postpartum period and for suicidal ideation during pregnancy was significantly greater when the pregnancy was unintended. In addition, unintentionally pregnant women who had neither been in a union nor had a child were at a significantly higher risk for CMD and suicidal ideation compared with non-pregnant and non-postpartum women (PP: 0.54 versus 0.21 for CMD risk and 0.15 versus 0.02 for suicidal ideation). However, there were no significant differences by marital status among postpartum women. Conclusion: The significant effects of pregnancy intention and marital status highlight the importance of psychosocial, rather than physiological, contexts in which women experience pregnancy and childbirth. (C) Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. on behalf of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. C1 [Ishida, Kanako; Stupp, Paul; Serbanescu, Florina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Tullo, Edgar] Paraguayan Ctr Studies Populat, Dept Invest & Evaluat, Asuncion, Paraguay. RP Ishida, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mail Stop K-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kishida@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0020-7292 J9 INT J GYNECOL OBSTET JI Int. J. Gynecol. Obstet. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 110 IS 3 BP 235 EP 240 DI 10.1016/j.ijgo.2010.03.027 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 643AV UT WOS:000281265500014 PM 20472235 ER PT J AU Hajjeh, R AF Hajjeh, Rana TI Endocarditis due to Gram-negative bacteria Comment SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID INFLUENZAE TYPE-B C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hib Initiat, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hajjeh, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hib Initiat, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 14 SU 3 BP E360 EP E360 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2009.11.014 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 660LA UT WOS:000282643000094 PM 20817589 ER PT J AU Naheed, A Ram, PK Brooks, WA Hossain, MA Parsons, MB Talukder, KA Mintz, E Luby, S Breiman, RF AF Naheed, Aliya Ram, Pavani K. Brooks, W. Abdullah Hossain, M. Anowar Parsons, Michele B. Talukder, Kaisar Ali Mintz, Eric Luby, Stephen Breiman, Robert F. TI Burden of typhoid and paratyphoid fever in a densely populated urban community, Dhaka, Bangladesh SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Typhoid and paratyphoid fever; Burden; Urban; Bangladesh ID ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHI; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT; RISK-FACTORS; SALMONELLA-TYPHI; SEROTYPE TYPHI; DRUG-RESISTANCE; BONE-MARROW; SUSCEPTIBILITY; CIPROFLOXACIN AB Background: We conducted blood culture surveillance to estimate the incidence of typhoid and paratyphoid fever among urban slum residents in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: Between January 7, 2003 and January 6, 2004, participants were visited weekly to detect febrile illnesses. Blood cultures were obtained at the clinic from patients with fever (>= 38 degrees C). Salmonella isolates were assayed for antimicrobial susceptibility. Results: Forty Salmonella Typhi and eight Salmonella Paratyphi A were isolated from 961 blood cultures. The incidence of typhoid fever was 2.0 episodes/1000 person-years, with a higher incidence in children aged < 5 years (10.5/1000 person-years) than in older persons (0.9/1000 person-years) (relative risk = 12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 6.3-22.6). The incidence of paratyphoid fever was 0.4/1000 person-years without variation by age group. Sixteen S. Typhi isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). All S. Paratyphi isolates were pan-susceptible. The duration of fever among patients with an MDR S. Typhi infection was longer than among patients with non-MDR S. Typhi (16 +/- 8 vs. 11 +/- 4 days, p = 0.02) and S. Paratyphi (10 +/- 2 days, p = 0.04) infections. Conclusions: Typhoid fever is more common than paratyphoid fever in the urban Bangladeshi slum; children < 5 years old have the highest incidence. Multidrug resistance is common in S. Typhi isolates and is associated with prolonged illness. Strategies for typhoid fever prevention in children aged < 5 years in Bangladesh, including immunization, are needed. (C) 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Naheed, Aliya; Brooks, W. Abdullah; Hossain, M. Anowar; Talukder, Kaisar Ali; Luby, Stephen; Breiman, Robert F.] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res ICDDR B, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. [Ram, Pavani K.; Parsons, Michele B.; Mintz, Eric; Luby, Stephen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ram, Pavani K.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Naheed, A (reprint author), Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res ICDDR B, 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Sharani, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. EM anaheed@icddrb.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; International Vaccine Institute, Seoul [DOMI T-18] FX This research protocol was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA and by the International Vaccine Institute, Seoul (Diseases of the Most Impoverished Program: grant number DOMI T-18). ICDDR, B acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of both institutions to the Center's research efforts. The authors affiliated with the CDC were involved in the study design, in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript, and in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of the Kamalapur active surveillance population, Dr Doli Goswami and her team for data collection, Ms Bilkis Ara and her team for data management, and Mr Khorshed Alam, Ms Ishrat Jahan Azmi and Mr Zhahirul Islam for providing laboratory support. NR 52 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 14 SU 3 BP E93 EP E99 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2009.11.023 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 660LA UT WOS:000282643000020 PM 20236850 ER PT J AU Rodwell, TC Kapasi, AJ Moore, M Milian-Suazo, F Harris, B Guerrero, LP Moser, K Strathdee, SA Garfein, RS AF Rodwell, Timothy C. Kapasi, Anokhi J. Moore, Marisa Milian-Suazo, Feliciano Harris, Beth Guerrero, L. P. Moser, Kathleen Strathdee, Steffanie A. Garfein, Richard S. TI Tracing the origins of Mycobacterium bovis tuberculosis in humans in the USA to cattle in Mexico using spoligotyping SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Molecular epidemiology; Mycobacterium bovis; Tuberculosis; Spoligotyping ID LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; UNITED-STATES; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SAN-DIEGO; TRANSMISSION; INFECTIONS; COMPLEX; RECOVERY; ANIMALS AB Objectives: To compare genotypes of Mycobacterium bovis strains from humans in Southern California with genotypes of M. bovis strains in cattle in Mexico and the USA to explore the possible origins of human infections. Methods: We conducted a descriptive analysis of M. bovis genotypes from a binational population of humans and cattle using spacer oligonucleotide typing (spoligotyping). Results: One hundred six human M. bovis spoligotypes were compared to spoligotypes from 496 Mexican cattle and 219 US cattle. Twelve spoligotype patterns were identified among human cases and 126 spoligotype patterns were detected in cattle. Over 91% (97/106) of the human M. bovis isolates had spoligotypes that were identical to those found in Mexican cattle. Four human cases had spoligotypes that matched both cattle born in Mexico and in the USA. Nine human cases had spoligotypes that did not match cattle born in Mexico or the USA. Conclusions: Our data indicate that the population of M. bovis strains causing human TB disease in Southern California is closely related to the M. bovis strain population found in Mexican cattle and supports existing epidemiological evidence that human M. bovis disease in San Diego likely originated from Mexican cattle. (C) 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Rodwell, Timothy C.; Strathdee, Steffanie A.; Garfein, Richard S.] Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Americas, Div Global Publ Hlth, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Kapasi, Anokhi J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Cellular & Mol Med, Mol Pathol Program, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Moore, Marisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moore, Marisa; Moser, Kathleen] Hlth & Human Serv Agcy, TB Control & Refugee Hlth Program, San Diego, CA USA. [Milian-Suazo, Feliciano; Guerrero, L. P.] Programa Nacl Epidemiol CENIDFA INIFAP, Queretaro, Qro, Mexico. [Harris, Beth] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Rodwell, TC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Americas, Div Global Publ Hlth, 10111 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM trodwell@ucsd.edu FU University of California [CF07-SD-302]; National Institutes of Health [K01AI083784-01, T32 DA023356] FX The authors thank Dr Benjamin Sanchez for his assistance with dataset preparation and Dr Edward Desmond for his assistance with the human M. bovis genotyping. Dr Rodwell received financial support from the California HIV/AIDS Research Program at the University of California, Fellowship No. CF07-SD-302 and the National Institutes of Health: T32 #DA023356 and K01AI083784-01. NR 47 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 14 SU 3 BP E129 EP E135 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2009.11.037 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 660LA UT WOS:000282643000027 PM 20399697 ER PT J AU Thoen, CO LoBue, PA de Kantor, I AF Thoen, Charles O. LoBue, Philip A. de Kantor, Isabel TI Why has zoonotic tuberculosis not received much attention? SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Editorial Material ID MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS; DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ANIMALS C1 [Thoen, Charles O.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [LoBue, Philip A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Field Serv & Evaluat Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [de Kantor, Isabel] WHO TB Consultants Grp, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Thoen, CO (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM cthoen@iastate.edu NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 14 IS 9 BP 1073 EP 1074 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 643DY UT WOS:000281275900001 PM 20819248 ER PT J AU LoBue, PA Enarson, DA Thoen, CO AF LoBue, P. A. Enarson, D. A. Thoen, C. O. TI Tuberculosis in humans and animals: an overview SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium bovis; tuberculosis; zoonosis; transmission ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS; INFECTION AB Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant disease for both humans and animals. Susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis is relatively high in humans, other primates and guinea pigs. Cattle, rabbits and cats are susceptible to M. bovis and are quite resistant to M. tuberculosis. Wild hoofed stock is generally susceptible to M. bovis, but few reports are available on the isolation of M. tuberculosis. Swine and dogs are susceptible to both M. bovis and M. tuberculosis. M. bovis accounts for only a small percentage of the reported cases of TB in humans; however, it is a pathogen of significant economic importance in wild and domestic animals around the globe, especially in countries where little information is available on the incidence of M. bovis infection in humans. Unlike transmission of M. bovis from cattle to humans, the role of human-to-human airborne transmission in the spread of M. bovis has been somewhat controversial. Investigations are needed to elucidate the relative importance of M. bovis on TB incidence in humans, especially in developing countries. Efforts should be concentrated in countries where human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is widespread, as HIV-infected individuals are more susceptible to mycobacterial disease. Eradication of M. bovis in cattle and pasteurisation of dairy products are the cornerstones of the prevention of human disease. C1 [Enarson, D. A.] Int Union TB & Lung Dis, Sci Act Unit, F-75006 Paris, France. [LoBue, P. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Field Serv & Evaluat Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thoen, C. O.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Med, Ames, IA USA. RP Enarson, DA (reprint author), Int Union TB & Lung Dis, Sci Act Unit, 68 Bd St Michel, F-75006 Paris, France. EM denarson@theunion.org NR 21 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 18 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 14 IS 9 BP 1075 EP 1078 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 643DY UT WOS:000281275900002 PM 20819249 ER PT J AU Auld, AF Wambua, N Onyango, J Marston, B Namulanda, G Ackers, M Oluoch, T Karisa, A Hightower, A Shiraishi, RW Nakashima, A Sitienei, J AF Auld, A. F. Wambua, N. Onyango, J. Marston, B. Namulanda, G. Ackers, M. Oluoch, T. Karisa, A. Hightower, A. Shiraishi, R. W. Nakashima, A. Sitienei, J. TI Piloting the use of personal digital assistants for tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus surveillance, Kenya, 2007 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE TB-HIV surveillance; personal digital assistants; Kenya ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HAND-HELD COMPUTERS; DATA-COLLECTION; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; DIARY; PAPER; PREVALENCE; VALIDATION AB SETTING : Improved documentation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing and care among tuberculosis (TB) patients is needed to strengthen TB-HIV programs. In 2007, Kenya piloted the use of personal digital assistants (PDAs) instead of paper registers to collect TB-HIV surveillance data from TB clinics. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the acceptability, data quality and usefulness of PDAs. DESIGN: We interviewed four of 31 district coordinators who collected data in PDAs for patients initiating TB treatment from April to June 2007. In 10 of 93 clinics, we randomly selected patient records for comparison with corresponding records in paper registers or PDAs. Using Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel tests, we compared missing data proportions in paper registers with PDAs. We evaluated PDA usefulness by analyzing PDA data from all 93 clinics. RESULTS: PDAs were well accepted. Patient records were more frequently missing (28/97 vs. 1/112, P < 0.001) and data fields more frequently incomplete (148/1449 vs. 167/2331, P = 0.03) in PDAs compared with paper registers. PDAs, however, facilitated clinic-level analyses: 48/93 (52%) clinics were not reaching the targets of testing of TB patients for HIV, and 8 (9%) clinics were providing <80% of TB-HIV co-infected patients with cotrimoxazole (CTX). CONCLUSION: PDAs had high rates of missing data but helped identify clinics that were undertesting for HIV or underprescribing CTX. C1 [Auld, A. F.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Care & Treatment Team, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent,CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wambua, N.; Onyango, J.; Ackers, M.; Oluoch, T.; Karisa, A.; Hightower, A.] US CDC, Global AIDS Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Sitienei, J.] Minist Hlth, Div Leprosy TB & Lung Dis, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Auld, AF (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Care & Treatment Team, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent,CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aauld@cdc.gov OI Oluoch, Tom/0000-0001-9621-5900 FU provincial, district, and clinic TB program FX The authors thank the provincial, district, and clinic TB program managers for their support during this assessment. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the US CDC or the US Department of Health and Human Services. Presented at the XVII International AIDS Conference, Mexico City, Mexico, 3-8 August 2008. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 6 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 14 IS 9 BP 1140 EP 1146 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 643DY UT WOS:000281275900012 PM 20819259 ER PT J AU Kourtis, AP Ellington, S Bansil, P Jamieson, DJ Posner, SF AF Kourtis, Athena P. Ellington, Sascha Bansil, Pooja Jamieson, Denise J. Posner, Samuel F. TI Hospitalizations for Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Among HIV-1-Infected Adolescents and Adults in the United States in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and the Conjugate Pneumococcal Vaccine SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV-1; hospitalization; invasive disease; pneumococcus; vaccine ID HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE INFECTIONS AB We describe hospitalization trends of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among HIV-infected adolescents and adults since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in the United States, using the nation-wide inpatient sample. We estimated national trends of IPD hospitalizations during 3 periods: 1994-1995 (pre-HAART/pre-PCV7); 1998-1999 (HAART/pre-PCV7); and 2004-2005 (HAART/early PCV7). The number of IPD hospitalizations among HIV-infected individuals declined 49.2% between 1994/1995 and 2004/2005. Compared with 1994-1995, the adjusted odds ratio for IPD hospitalizations of HIV-infected adolescents and adults in the United States during 2004-2005 was 0.64 (95% confidence interval: 0.54 to 0.77). The decrease was observed after introduction of the PCV7. C1 [Kourtis, Athena P.; Ellington, Sascha; Jamieson, Denise J.; Posner, Samuel F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bansil, Pooja] CONRAD, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kourtis, AP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM apk3@cdc.gov OI Posner, Samuel/0000-0003-1574-585X NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 55 IS 1 BP 128 EP 131 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 641YY UT WOS:000281170500017 PM 20622675 ER PT J AU DeBess, E Cieslak, PR Marsden-Haug, N Goldoft, M Wohrle, R Free, C Dykstra, E Nett, RJ Chiller, T Lockhart, SR Harris, J AF DeBess, E. Cieslak, P. R. Marsden-Haug, N. Goldoft, M. Wohrle, R. Free, C. Dykstra, E. Nett, R. J. Chiller, T. Lockhart, S. R. Harris, J. TI Emergence of Cryptococcus gattii-Pacific Northwest, 2004-2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 865-868, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID BRITISH-COLUMBIA; UNITED-STATES; CANADA; SPREAD C1 [Chiller, T.; Lockhart, S. R.; Harris, J.] CDC, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 9 BP 955 EP 957 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 645AD UT WOS:000281422400011 ER PT J AU Mustaquim, D Bishop, A Epperson, S Kniss, K Blanton, L Dhara, R Brammer, L Gubareva, L Wallis, T Xu, X Bresee, J Klimov, A Cox, N Finelli, L AF Mustaquim, D. Bishop, A. Epperson, S. Kniss, K. Blanton, L. Dhara, R. Brammer, L. Gubareva, L. Wallis, T. Xu, X. Bresee, J. Klimov, A. Cox, N. Finelli, L. CA World Hlth Org Collaborating Ctr S TI Update: Influenza Activity-United States, 2009-10 Season (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 901-908, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID VIRUS C1 [Mustaquim, D.; Bishop, A.; Epperson, S.; Kniss, K.; Blanton, L.; Dhara, R.; Brammer, L.; Gubareva, L.; Wallis, T.; Xu, X.; Bresee, J.; Klimov, A.; Cox, N.; Finelli, L.; World Hlth Org Collaborating Ctr S] CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mustaquim, D (reprint author), CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 9 BP 957 EP 960 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 645AD UT WOS:000281422400012 ER PT J AU Lasswell, SM Barfield, WD Rochat, RW Blackmon, L AF Lasswell, Sarah Marie Barfield, Wanda Denise Rochat, Roger William Blackmon, Lillian TI Perinatal Regionalization for Very Low-Birth-Weight and Very Preterm Infants A Meta-analysis SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID NEONATAL INTENSIVE-CARE; NATIONAL COLLABORATIVE SURVEY; MORTALITY RATES; SOUTH-CAROLINA; UNITED-STATES; LEVEL; SURVIVAL; OUTCOMES; MORBIDITY; TRANSPORT AB Context For more than 30 years, guidelines for perinatal regionalization have recommended that very low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants be born at highly specialized hospitals, most commonly designated as level III hospitals. Despite these recommendations, some regions continue to have large percentages of VLBW infants born in lower-level hospitals. Objective To evaluate published data on associations between hospital level at birth and neonatal or predischarge mortality for VLBW and very preterm (VPT) infants. Data Sources Systematic search of published literature (1976-May 2010) in MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, and PubMed databases and manual searches of reference lists. Study Selection and Data Extraction Forty-one publications met a priori inclusion criteria (randomized controlled trial, cohort, and case-control studies measuring neonatal or predischarge mortality among live-born infants <= 1500 g or <= 32 weeks' gestation delivered at a level III vs lower-level facility). Paired reviewers independently assessed publications for inclusion and extracted data using standardized forms. Discrepancies were decided by a third reviewer. Publications were reviewed for quality by 3 authors based on 2 content areas: adjustment for confounding and description of hospital levels. We calculated weighted, combined odds ratios (ORs) using a random-effects model and comparative unadjusted pooled mortality rates. Data Synthesis We observed increased odds of death for VLBW infants (38% vs 23%; adjusted OR, 1.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.44-1.83) and VPT infants (15% vs 17%; adjusted OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.21-1.98) born outside of level III hospitals. Consistent results were obtained when restricted to higher-quality evidence (mortality in VLBW infants, 36% vs 21%; adjusted OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.33-1.92 and in VPT infants, 7% vs 12%; adjusted OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.06-1.88) and infants weighing less than 1000 g (59% vs 32%; adjusted OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.31-2.46). No significant differences were found through subgroup analysis of study characteristics. Meta-regression by year of publication did not reveal a change over time (slope, 0.00; P=.87). Conclusion For VLBW and VPT infants, birth outside of a level III hospital is significantly associated with increased likelihood of neonatal or predischarge death. JAMA. 2010; 304(9): 992-1000 www.jama.com C1 [Lasswell, Sarah Marie; Barfield, Wanda Denise] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Lasswell, Sarah Marie; Rochat, Roger William] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Blackmon, Lillian] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Barfield, WD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM wbarfield@cdc.gov RI Rochat, Roger/J-9802-2012 FU US Department of Energy; CDC FX Ms Lasswell was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the CDC. NR 78 TC 99 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 9 BP 992 EP 1000 DI 10.1001/jama.2010.1226 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 645AD UT WOS:000281422400025 PM 20810377 ER PT J AU Wang, XJ Ding, SJ Li, Z Wang, LS Kou, ZQ Feng, KJ Wang, LJ Wu, XF Rupprecht, CE AF Wang, Xianjun Ding, Shujun Li, Zhong Wang, Liansen Kou, Zengqiang Feng, Kaijun Wang, Lijuan Wu, Xianfu Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Human Rabies Epidemiology in Shandong Province, China SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BENEFITS AB Rabies has reemerged in China. National rabies surveillance is centralized and based mainly on six provincial stations, including one in Shandong Province, which are selected and monitored by the China CDC. Data collection includes human rabies cases (diagnosed by local hospitals on the basis of signs or symptoms), documentation of post-exposure prophylaxis, primary laboratory diagnosis of suspect animal cases, and investigation of dog or other animal bites in viral transmission. Of the 408 human rabies cases reported during the period 2003-2007, most involved middle-aged male farmers bitten by their own unvaccinated dogs, with a seasonal peak in the autumn. These data provide key pointers regarding rabies prevention and control based upon an objective evidence-based framework. C1 [Wang, Xianjun; Ding, Shujun; Li, Zhong; Wang, Liansen; Kou, Zengqiang; Feng, Kaijun; Wang, Lijuan] Shandong Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inst Communicable Dis Control & Prevent, Jinan, Peoples R China. [Wu, Xianfu; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Program PRB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wang, XJ (reprint author), Shandong Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inst Communicable Dis Control & Prevent, 72 Jingshi Rd, Jinan, Peoples R China. EM xjwang62@163.com FU Shandong Health Department [2003HZ091] FX This study was supported by Shandong Health Department with No. 2003HZ091. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATL INST INFECTIOUS DISEASES PI TOKYO PA JPN J INFECT DIS ED OFF NATL INST INFECTIOUS DISEASES TOYAMA 1-23-1, SHINJUKU-KU, TOKYO, 162-8640, JAPAN SN 1344-6304 EI 1884-2836 J9 JPN J INFECT DIS JI Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 63 IS 5 BP 323 EP 326 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 660EJ UT WOS:000282622400004 PM 20858997 ER PT J AU Christensen, KY Maisonet, M Rubin, C Holmes, A Flanders, WD Heron, J Ness, A Drews-Botsch, C Dominguez, C McGeehin, MA Marcus, M AF Christensen, Krista Y. Maisonet, Mildred Rubin, Carol Holmes, Adrianne Flanders, W. Dana Heron, Jon Ness, Andrew Drews-Botsch, Carolyn Dominguez, Celia McGeehin, Michael A. Marcus, Michele TI Progression Through Puberty in Girls Enrolled in a Contemporary British Cohort SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Puberty; ALSPAC; probit ID SEXUAL-MATURATION; US CHILDREN; GROWTH; HEALTH; BLACK; AGE AB Purpose: Patterns of pubertal development reflect underlying endocrine function and exposures, and could affect future health outcomes. We used data from a longitudinal cohort to describe factors associated with breast and pubic hair stage and estimate average duration of puberty. Methods: Data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children were used to describe timing and duration of pubertal development in girls. Self-reported Tanner stage of breast and pubic hair and menarche status were collected from ages 8-14 through mailed questionnaires. Factors associated with breast and pubic hair stage were identified using ordinal probit models. Age at entry into breast and pubic hair stages, and duration of puberty were estimated using interval-censored parametric survival analysis. Results: Among the 3,938 participants, being overweight or obese, of non-white race, being the first-born, and younger maternal age at menarche were associated with more advanced breast and pubic hair stages. Having an overweight or obese mother was associated with more advanced breast stages. Time spent in breast stages 2 and 3 was longer (1.5 years) than time spent in pubic hair stages 2 and 3 (1 year). The average age at menarche was 12.9 (95% CI, 12.8-12.9) years, and average duration of puberty (time from initiation of puberty to menarche) was 2.7 years. Conclusions: Girls in Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children had a slightly longer duration of puberty compared to an earlier British cohort study. Various maternal and child characteristics were associated with breast and pubic hair stage, including both child and maternal body mass. (C) 2010 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Christensen, Krista Y.; Maisonet, Mildred; Flanders, W. Dana; Drews-Botsch, Carolyn; Marcus, Michele] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Maisonet, Mildred; Rubin, Carol; Holmes, Adrianne; Flanders, W. Dana; McGeehin, Michael A.; Marcus, Michele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Heron, Jon; Ness, Andrew] Univ Bristol, Dept Social Med, Bristol, Avon, England. [Dominguez, Celia] IVF Centers Excellence, Hawaii Ctr Reprod Med, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Christensen, KY (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM kyorita@sph.emory.edu RI Ness, Andy/M-7612-2013; Berryman, Katie/J-4236-2014; Marcus, Michele/J-2746-2015; Heron, Jon/D-5884-2011; OI Ness, Andy/0000-0003-3548-9523; Heron, Jon/0000-0001-6199-5644; Maisonet, Mildred/0000-0003-3561-2632 FU United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The authors are extremely grateful to all the families who took part in this study, the midwives for their help in recruiting them, and the entire ALSPAC team, including interviewers, computer and laboratory technicians, clerical workers, research scientists, volunteers, managers, receptionists, and nurses. The UK Medical Research Council, the Wellcome Trust, and the University of Bristol provide core support for ALSPAC. This research was specifically funded by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 27 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD SEP PY 2010 VL 47 IS 3 BP 282 EP 289 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.02.005 PG 8 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 637VL UT WOS:000280846700012 PM 20708568 ER PT J AU Ku, BK AF Ku, Bon Ki TI Determination of the ratio of diffusion charging-based surface area to geometric surface area for spherical particles in the size range of 100-900 nm SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Diffusion charger; Aerosol; Active surface area; Geometric surface area; Spherical particles; BET ID MOBILITY ANALYSIS; ULTRAFINE; AEROSOL; CARBON; NANOPARTICLES; GENERATION; MORPHOLOGY; EXPOSURE AB Diffusion charging-based surface area for spherical particles was measured and compared with geometric surface area in the submicrometer size ranging from 100 to 900 nm. Spherical aerosol particles (polystyrene latex particles (PSL) and droplets of diethylhexyl sebacate (DENS)) were generated by electrosprays for 100-600 nm particles and by a condensation generator for 700-900 nm particles. Two commercially available diffusion chargers (DCs) (DC2000CE, Ecochem, USA; LQ1-DC, Matter Engineering, Switzerland) were challenged with monodisperse uncharged spherical aerosols. Results showed that the surface areas measured by the two DCs were proportional to mobility diameter to power 1.22 and 1.38, respectively, in the size range from 100 to 900 nm. Comparison of the DC-based surface area with theoretical active surface area resulted in reasonable agreement within +/- 30%, indicating that the DCs underestimate geometric surface area of particles. The deviation of the DC-based surface area from the geometric surface area was quantitatively measured and was found to be up to 94% in the size range studied. Three types of aerosol particles were used to validate the correction of the DC deviation from the geometric surface area for particles larger than 100 nm based on the fit obtained for spherical particles in this study: spherical silver particles, carbon nanofibers, and titanium dioxide agglomerates. Comparison of the corrected DC-based surface area to Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)-measured surface area indicated that the DC surface area reasonably agrees with the BET value for the particles tested except carbon nanofibers with 300 nm modal diameter. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Ku, BK (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R3, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM BKu@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [CAN 927ZBCL] FX The author would like to thank Dr. Aleksandr Stefaniak at Division of Respiratory Disease Studies in NIOSH for performing BET analysis of the samples. This work was funded by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health through the Nanotechnology Research Center program (Project CAN 927ZBCL). NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 41 IS 9 BP 835 EP 847 DI 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2010.05.008 PG 13 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 639JC UT WOS:000280970100001 ER PT J AU Xia, Y Bernert, JT AF Xia, Yang Bernert, John T. TI Stability of the Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamine 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanol in Urine Samples Stored at Various Temperatures SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LUNG CARCINOGEN 4-(METHYLNITROSAMINO)-1-(3-PYRIDYL)-1-BUTANONE; METABOLITES; SMOKERS C1 [Xia, Yang; Bernert, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Bernert, JT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jtb2@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU PRESTON PUBL INC PI NILES PA 6600 W TOUHY AVE, NILES, IL 60714-4588 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 34 IS 7 BP 411 EP 415 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 638KY UT WOS:000280895000008 PM 20822679 ER PT J AU Lin, JW Caffrey, JL Chang, MH Lin, YS AF Lin, Jou-Wei Caffrey, James L. Chang, Man-Huei Lin, Yu-Sheng TI Sex, Menopause, Metabolic Syndrome, and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality-Cohort Analysis from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID CHOLESTEROL EDUCATION-PROGRAM; GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; SERUM CREATININE; RISK-FACTORS; ADULTS; WOMEN; MEN AB Objective: This study assessed the mortality risk associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) for participants from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Design, Setting, and Patients: The study analyzed mortality data from 1364 men and 1321 women aged 40 yr and older based on their MetS status defined by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Subjects initially using insulin, oral hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, or lipid-lowering medications were excluded. Main Outcome Measures: All-cause, cardiovascular, cardiac, and noncardiovascular mortality were obtained from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey-linked mortality follow-up file through December 31, 2000. Results: The prevalence of MetS was 33 and 29% for men and women, respectively. In the male subjects, there was no significant association between MetS and mortality. In the women, MetS was an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality [ hazard ratio (HR) 1.84, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29-2.64, P = 0.001], cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.21-3.17, P = 0.007), cardiac mortality (HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.15-3.09, P = 0.01), and noncardiovascular mortality (HR 1.80, 95% CI 1.13-2.87, P = 0.01). The HR was stronger when postmenopausal women were analyzed separately and became nonsignificant in the premenopausal cohort. The sex-specific HR remained unchanged, regardless of the MetS criteria used or the inclusion of actively treated subjects. Conclusions: MetS poses a significant increase in mortality risk through an observation period as long as 12 yr, primarily in postmenopausal women, that is not apparent in men and premenopausal women. Sex is an important effect modifier of all-cause and cause-specific death. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95: 4258-4267, 2010) C1 [Lin, Yu-Sheng] Univ N Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Ft Worth, TX 76107 USA. [Lin, Jou-Wei] Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp, Yun Lin Branch, Cardiovasc Ctr, Dou Liou City 640, Taiwan. [Lin, Jou-Wei] Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp, Yun Lin Branch, Hlth Management Ctr, Dou Liou City 640, Taiwan. [Lin, Jou-Wei] Natl Taiwan Univ, Coll Med, Dept Med, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Caffrey, James L.] Univ N Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Integrat Physiol, Ft Worth, TX 76107 USA. [Caffrey, James L.] Univ N Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Cardiovasc Res Inst, Ft Worth, TX 76107 USA. [Chang, Man-Huei] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lin, YS (reprint author), Univ N Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Ft Worth, TX 76107 USA. EM yulin@hsc.unt.edu FU University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth [G62024]; National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch [98.X002, 98.X004] FX This work was supported in part by the G62024 Interdisciplinary Research Grant from the University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth and grants from National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch (98.X002 and 98.X004). NR 34 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 7 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 95 IS 9 BP 4258 EP 4267 DI 10.1210/jc.2010-0332 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 647SU UT WOS:000281640300041 PM 20534759 ER PT J AU Da Matta, DA Melo, AS Colombo, AL Frade, JP Nucci, M Lott, TJ AF Da Matta, Daniel A. Melo, Analy S. Colombo, Arnaldo L. Frade, Joao P. Nucci, Marcio Lott, Timothy J. TI Candidemia Surveillance in Brazil: Evidence for a Geographical Boundary Defining an Area Exhibiting an Abatement of Infections by Candida albicans Group 2 Strains SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; HUMAN COMMENSAL YEAST; UNITED-STATES; REVEALS; POPULATION; CLADE; CA3; HYBRIDIZATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ANEUPLOIDY AB Prospective population surveillance has been conducted for candidemia in Brazil (A. L. Colombo, M. Nucci, B. J. Park, et al., J. Clin. Microbiol. 44:2816-2823, 2006). In the present study, a total of 63 isolates from 61 patients, representing 11 medical centers from nine geographic regions, were characterized by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). A total of 48 unique profiles or diploid sequence types (DSTs) were observed, with nine new sequence types (STs) and 32 new DSTs. There were no apparent correlations between center/region and DST patterns. Subtypes were compared to those in a known characterized reference set, including a large database of strains obtained worldwide. Significantly, only one C. albicans group 2 isolate was found in our collection, although isolates from this particular group are commonly found worldwide. These data, combined with information from other previously reported studies, establish a statistically significant diminishment of group 2 strains in Central and South America, including Mexico and portions of the Southwestern United States. C1 [Frade, Joao P.; Lott, Timothy J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Da Matta, Daniel A.; Melo, Analy S.; Colombo, Arnaldo L.; Nucci, Marcio] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Div Infect Dis, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Lott, TJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Bldg 17-2050 G-11, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tjl1@cdc.gov RI Nucci, Marcio/G-4515-2012 OI Nucci, Marcio/0000-0003-4867-0014 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superiour (CAPES); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) FX This research was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superiour (CAPES), and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq). NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 48 IS 9 BP 3062 EP 3067 DI 10.1128/JCM.00262-10 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 645QZ UT WOS:000281480400002 PM 20592158 ER PT J AU Yang, CF McNulty, A Diallo, K Zhang, J Titanji, B Kassim, S Wadonda-Kabondo, N Aberle-Grasse, J Kibuka, T Ndumbe, PM Vedapuri, S Zhou, ZY Chilima, B Nkengasong, JN AF Yang, Chunfu McNulty, Amanda Diallo, Karidia Zhang, Jing Titanji, Boghuma Kassim, Sidibe Wadonda-Kabondo, Nellie Aberle-Grasse, John Kibuka, Tabitha Ndumbe, Peter M. Vedapuri, Shanmugam Zhou, Zhiyong Chilima, Benson Nkengasong, John N. TI Development and Application of a Broadly Sensitive Dried-Blood-Spot-Based Genotyping Assay for Global Surveillance of HIV-1 Drug Resistance SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; TRANSMITTED HIV; FILTER-PAPER; ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT; VIRAL LOAD; SUBTYPE; PLASMA; RNA; SPECIMENS; PCR AB As antiretroviral therapy (ART) is scaled up in resource-limited countries, surveillance for HIV drug resistance (DR) is vital to ensure sustained effectiveness of first-line ART. We have developed and applied a broadly sensitive dried-blood-spot (DBS)-based genotyping assay for surveillance of HIV-1 DR in international settings. In 2005 and 2006, 171 DBS samples were collected under field conditions from newly diagnosed HIV-1-infected individuals from Malawi (n = 58), Tanzania (n = 60), and China (n = 53). In addition, 30 DBS and 40 plasma specimens collected from ART patients in China and Cameroon, respectively, were also tested. Of the 171 DBS analyzed at the protease and RT regions, 149 (87.1%) could be genotyped, including 49 (81.7%) from Tanzania, 47 (88.7%) from China, and 53 (91.4%) from Malawi. Among the 70 ART patient samples analyzed, 100% (30/30) of the Chinese DBS and 90% (36/40) of the Cameroonian plasma specimens were genotyped, including 8 samples with a viral load of <400 copies/ml. The results of phylogenetic analyses indicated that the subtype, circulating recombinant form (CRF), and unique recombinant form (URF) distribution was as follows: 73 strains were subtype C (34%), 37 were subtype B (17.2%), 24 each were CRF01_AE or CRF02_AG (11.2% each), 22 were subtype A1 (10.2%), and 9 were unclassifiable (UC) (4.2%). The remaining samples were minor strains comprised of 6 that were CRF07_BC (2.8%), 5 that were CRF10_CD (2.3%), 3 each that were URF_A1C and CRF08_BC (1.4%), 2 each that were G, URF_BC, and URF_D/UC (0.9%), and 1 each that were subtype F1, subtype F2, and URF_A1D (0.5%). Our results indicate that this broadly sensitive genotyping assay can be used to genotype DBS collected from areas with diverse HIV-1 group M subtypes and CRFs. Thus, the assay is likely to become a useful screening tool in the global resistance surveillance and monitoring of HIV-1 where multiple subtypes and CRFs are found. C1 [Yang, Chunfu; McNulty, Amanda; Diallo, Karidia; Zhang, Jing; Kassim, Sidibe; Vedapuri, Shanmugam; Zhou, Zhiyong; Nkengasong, John N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global AIDS, NCHHSTP, Atlanta, GA USA. [Titanji, Boghuma; Ndumbe, Peter M.] Univ Yaounde, CSCCD, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Wadonda-Kabondo, Nellie; Chilima, Benson] Malawi Minist Hlth, Community Hlth Sci Unit, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Aberle-Grasse, John] CDC GAP, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Kibuka, Tabitha] CDC GAP, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. RP Yang, CF (reprint author), CDC, Int Lab Branch, DGHA, NCHHSTP, Mail Stop A 11,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cxy0@cdc.gov RI Yang, Chunfu/G-6890-2013 FU Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL); CDC FX Jing Zhang was a recipient of an 2008-2009 International Emerging Infectious Diseases (IEID) fellowship sponsored by the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) and the CDC. NR 37 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 48 IS 9 BP 3158 EP 3164 DI 10.1128/JCM.00564-10 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 645QZ UT WOS:000281480400018 PM 20660209 ER PT J AU Shi, K Jian, FC Lv, CC Ning, CS Zhang, LX Ren, XP Dearen, TK Li, N Qi, M Xiao, LH AF Shi, Ke Jian, Fuchuan Lv, Chaochao Ning, Changshen Zhang, Longxian Ren, Xupeng Dearen, Theresa K. Li, Na Qi, Meng Xiao, Lihua TI Prevalence, Genetic Characteristics, and Zoonotic Potential of Cryptosporidium Species Causing Infections in Farm Rabbits in China SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; GENOTYPES; PARASITES; IDENTIFICATION; TAXONOMY; CHILDREN; LIMA; PERU AB To assess the prevalence and public health significance of rabbit cryptosporidiosis, a total of 1,081 fecal specimens were collected between October 2007 and April 2008 from rabbits on eight farms in five different areas in Henan Province, China, and were examined by microscopy after Sheather's sucrose flotation and modified acid-fast staining. The average infection rate of Cryptosporidium was 3.4% (37/1,081 samples). There was a significant association between the prevalence of Cryptosporidium and the age of animals (chi(2) = 57.13; P < 0.01); the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in 1- to 3-month-old rabbits was the highest (10.9%). The Cryptosporidium species in microscopy-positive specimens were genotyped by sequence analyses of the 18S rRNA, 70-kDa heat shock protein (HSP70), oocyst wall protein (COWP), and actin genes and were subtyped by sequence analysis of the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene. Only the Cryptosporidium rabbit genotype was identified, with 100% sequence identity to published sequences of the 18S rRNA, HSP70, COWP, and actin genes, and the strains belonged to three gp60 subtypes (VbA36, VbA35, and VbA29). In view of the recent finding of the Cryptosporidium rabbit genotype in human outbreak and sporadic cases, the role of rabbits in the transmission of human cryptosporidiosis should be reassessed. C1 [Shi, Ke; Jian, Fuchuan; Lv, Chaochao; Ning, Changshen; Zhang, Longxian; Ren, Xupeng; Qi, Meng] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Longxian; Dearen, Theresa K.; Li, Na; Xiao, Lihua] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. [Zhang, Longxian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Zhang, LX (reprint author), Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. EM zhanglx8999@yahoo.com.cn; lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30771881, 30871863, 30928019]; Programs Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China [20094105110003]; State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology; Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Ministry of Health [200808012] FX This study was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 30771881, 30871863, and 30928019), the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China (grant 20094105110003), the State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, the Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and Ministry of Health special funds for public sector research (grant 200808012). NR 28 TC 13 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 48 IS 9 BP 3263 EP 3266 DI 10.1128/JCM.00819-10 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 645QZ UT WOS:000281480400034 PM 20610678 ER PT J AU Yan, DM Li, L Zhu, SL Zhang, Y An, JJ Wang, DY Wen, N Jorba, J Liu, W Zhong, G Huang, L Kew, O Liang, XF Xu, WB AF Yan, Dongmei Li, Li Zhu, Shuangli Zhang, Yong An, Junjing Wang, Dongyan Wen, Ning Jorba, Jaume Liu, Wei Zhong, Ge Huang, Lin Kew, Olen Liang, Xiaofeng Xu, Wenbo TI Emergence and Localized Circulation of a Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in an Isolated Mountain Community in Guangxi, China SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TYPE-1 POLIOVIRUS; POLIOMYELITIS; RECOMBINANT; ERADICATION; OUTBREAK; NEUTRALIZATION; DETERMINANTS; SENSITIVITY; EVOLUTION; RATES AB From March to May 2006, type 1 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) was isolated from one case patient with acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) and six unimmunized healthy contacts in isolated mountain villages in Guangxi, China. We conducted epidemiological investigations in the affected communities and nucleotide sequence analyses of the cVDPV isolates. The results of the investigations showed that the AFP patient, an unimmunized 10-year-old boy, and five laboratory-confirmed contacts lived in the same village; one contact lived in a neighboring village. Only similar to 27% of children 5 to 10 years of age in the affected villages had received three or more doses of the trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). Nucleotide sequence analyses revealed that the cVDPV isolates differed from the Sabin 1 (S1) isolate at 1.4 to 2.2% of VP1 nucleotide positions and shared 12 nucleotide substitutions within VP1. All isolates were S1/S2/S1/S3 recombinants sharing common recombination junctions. Key determinants of attenuation were replaced. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the cVDPV circulated locally for similar to 12 months following the initiating OPV dose. No VDPVs were found after mass OPV immunizations, conducted from May to June 2006, that targeted all children < 12 years of age. Our findings reinforce the point that VDPVs can emerge and spread in isolated communities with immunity gaps. Maintenance of sensitive AFP and poliovirus surveillance is essential to permit early detection and a rapid response to VDPV circulation. C1 [Yan, Dongmei; Zhu, Shuangli; Zhang, Yong; An, Junjing; Wang, Dongyan; Xu, Wenbo] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO WPRO Reg Reference Poliomyelitis Lab, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. [Yan, Dongmei; Zhu, Shuangli; Zhang, Yong; An, Junjing; Wang, Dongyan; Xu, Wenbo] State Key Lab Mol Virol & Genet Engn, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. [Li, Li; Wen, Ning; Liang, Xiaofeng] Natl Immunizat Program, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. [Jorba, Jaume; Kew, Olen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Liu, Wei; Zhong, Ge; Huang, Lin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Reg, Nanning 530011, Peoples R China. RP Xu, WB (reprint author), 27 Nan Wei Rd, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. EM wenbo_xu1@yahoo.com.cn FU National Key Technology R&D Program of China [2008BAI56B00]; National Key Science and Technology Projects of China [2008ZX10004-008]; World Health Organization [I8/181/978] FX This study was supported by National Key Technology R&D Program of China (project no. 2008BAI56B00), National Key Science and Technology Projects of China (project no. 2008ZX10004-008), and grant I8/181/978 from the World Health Organization. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 48 IS 9 BP 3274 EP 3280 DI 10.1128/JCM.00712-10 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 645QZ UT WOS:000281480400036 PM 20631095 ER PT J AU Ethridge, SF Hart, C Hanson, DL Parker, MM Sullivan, TJ Bennett, B Stephens, P Hilliard, J Patel, P AF Ethridge, Steven F. Hart, Clyde Hanson, Debra L. Parker, Monica M. Sullivan, Timothy J. Bennett, Berry Stephens, Petrice Hilliard, Joslyn Patel, Pragna TI Performance of the Aptima HIV-1 RNA Qualitative Assay with 16-and 32-Member Specimen Pools SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; DONORS AB The Aptima HIV-1 RNA qualitative assay tested with a WHO-approved HIV type 1 RNA standard in 16- and 32-member pools detected 100% of the pools (1,070 and 2,130 HIV-1 RNA copies/ml/pool, respectively), thus exceeding the FDA-required lower limit of detection. The Aptima test can be used to screen for acute-phase HIV infection. C1 [Ethridge, Steven F.; Hart, Clyde; Hanson, Debra L.; Hilliard, Joslyn; Patel, Pragna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Parker, Monica M.; Sullivan, Timothy J.] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY USA. [Bennett, Berry; Stephens, Petrice] Florida Bur Labs, Jacksonville, FL USA. RP Ethridge, SF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sethridge@cdc.gov OI Sullivan, Timothy/0000-0003-3144-9188 NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 48 IS 9 BP 3343 EP 3345 DI 10.1128/JCM.01030-10 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 645QZ UT WOS:000281480400048 PM 20592141 ER PT J AU Rosen, J Beekmann, S Polgreen, P Moore, M AF Rosen, Jennifer Beekmann, Susan Polgreen, Philip Moore, Matthew TI Barriers to Intravenous Penicillin Use for Treatment of Nonmeningitis Pneumococcal Disease SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUSCEPTIBILITY BREAKPOINTS; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; RESISTANCE AB Infectious disease physicians were surveyed to determine whether the new penicillin breakpoint change will translate into increased penicillin use and to identify barriers to intravenous (i.v.) penicillin use for pneumococcal infections. The inconvenience of i.v. penicillin may limit its use despite a reduction in numbers of infections considered resistant. C1 [Rosen, Jennifer] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Beekmann, Susan; Polgreen, Philip] Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Rosen, J (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, 2 Lafayette St,19th Floor, New York, NY 10007 USA. EM jrosen4@health.nyc.gov; zdn4@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 48 IS 9 BP 3372 EP 3374 DI 10.1128/JCM.01012-10 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 645QZ UT WOS:000281480400056 PM 20610674 ER PT J AU Kersh, GJ Lambourn, DM Self, JS Akmajian, AM Stanton, JB Baszler, TV Raverty, SA Massung, RF AF Kersh, Gilbert J. Lambourn, Dyanna M. Self, Joshua S. Akmajian, Adrianne M. Stanton, James B. Baszler, Timothy V. Raverty, Stephen A. Massung, Robert F. TI Coxiella burnetii Infection of a Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) Found in Washington State SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; Q-FEVER; DIAGNOSIS AB A pregnant sea lion stranded in the State of Washington was found to have placentitis caused by a unique strain of Coxiella burnetii. This is the first description of coxiellosis in a sea lion and suggests that exposure to sea lions may be a risk factor for contracting Q fever. C1 [Kersh, Gilbert J.; Self, Joshua S.; Massung, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lambourn, Dyanna M.; Akmajian, Adrianne M.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Lakewood, WA USA. [Raverty, Stephen A.] Minist Agr Food & Fisheries, Abbotsford, BC, Canada. [Stanton, James B.; Baszler, Timothy V.] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Washington Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Kersh, GJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-13, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gkersh@cdc.gov RI Stanton, James/A-5277-2011 OI Stanton, James/0000-0002-7661-2631 FU NOAA Fisheries; Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; Cascadia Research Collective FX The NOAA Fisheries John H. Prescott Marine Mammal Rescue Assistance Grant Program, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, and Cascadia Research Collective provided funding and support for these research activities. NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 48 IS 9 BP 3428 EP 3431 DI 10.1128/JCM.00758-10 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 645QZ UT WOS:000281480400073 PM 20592144 ER PT J AU Meng, SL Xu, GL Wu, XF Lei, YL Yan, JX Nadin-Davis, SA Liu, H Wu, J Wang, DM Dong, GM Yang, XM Rupprecht, CE AF Meng, Shengli Xu, Gelin Wu, Xianfu Lei, Yongliang Yan, Jiaxin Nadin-Davis, Susan A. Liu, Hong Wu, Jie Wang, Dingming Dong, Guanmu Yang, Xiaoming Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Transmission dynamics of rabies in China over the last 40 years: 1969-2009 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rabies virus; Molecular epidemiology; Glycoprotein gene; China ID REPUBLIC-OF-CHINA; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; VIRUS; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; SPECIMENS; SOUTH AB Background: Rabies is a serious reemerging zoonosis in China. The molecular evolution and transmission patterns of rabies virus inferred from historical data can provide guidelines for better disease control and prevention in the future. Objectives: To investigate the epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics of the rabies virus in China. Study design: The molecular evolution of 132 viral glycoprotein gene sequences of Chinese rabies viruses collected in 17 provinces and 3 municipalities between 1969 and 2009 was analyzed. Results: Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Chinese rabies viruses are subdivided into 6 lineages (A-F) within Lyssavirus genotype 1. Lineage A represents the widely dispersed cosmopolitan lineage while lineage B is closely related to Arctic-like rabies viruses. The remaining lineages (C-F) are typical of those circulating across much of Southeast Asia. The evolutionary rate for Chinese rabies virus was 1.532 x 10(-4) substitutions per site per year, and the corresponding common ancestor was in about 1115. Conclusions: The phylogeographic structure demonstrated Chinese rabies viruses have been transmitted intra-provincially and extra-provincially due to human-related activities. (C) 2010 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Meng, Shengli; Xu, Gelin; Yan, Jiaxin; Wu, Jie; Yang, Xiaoming] Wuhan Inst Biol Prod, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Wu, Xianfu; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lei, Yongliang] Lishui Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lishui, Peoples R China. [Nadin-Davis, Susan A.] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Rabies Ctr Expertise, Ottawa Lab Fallow Field, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Liu, Hong] Anhui Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hefei, Peoples R China. [Wang, Dingming] Guizhou Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Guiyang, Peoples R China. [Dong, Guanmu] Natl Inst Control Pharmaceut & Biol Prod, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Xu, GL (reprint author), Wuhan Inst Biol Prod, 9 Linjiang Ave, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM xugelin@yahoo.com.cn FU 863 Program [2007AA022402] FX Gratefully acknowledged is the financial support of 863 Program (2007AA022402). We especially thank Zhenfang Fu for his critical reading of the manuscript. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 49 IS 1 BP 47 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2010.06.014 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 638KO UT WOS:000280893900010 PM 20650678 ER PT J AU Oberste, MS Penaranda, S Rogers, SL Henderson, E Nix, WA AF Oberste, M. Steven Penaranda, Silvia Rogers, Shannon L. Henderson, Elizabeth Nix, W. Allan TI Comparative evaluation of Taqman real-time PCR and semi-nested VP1 PCR for detection of enteroviruses in clinical specimens SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Enterovirus; Polymerase chain reaction; Real-time PCR; Semi-nested PCR ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MENINGITIS; IDENTIFICATION; AMPLIFICATION; INFECTIONS; UTILITY AB Background: Molecular diagnostic tests to detect enterovirus in clinical specimens usually target highly conserved sites in the 5'-non-translated region, allowing detection of all members of the genus. The sequences in the 5'-NTR do not correlate with serotype, but PCR and sequencing of the VP1 region can be used for typing; this system has largely replaced traditional antigenic typing. Objective: To investigate the relative performance of two common enterovirus assays. Study design: We compared the relative sensitivities of Taqman (R) real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) and a VP1 semi-nested PCR (RT-snPCR) assay in which sequencing the VP1 amplicon also provides typing information. Results: There was 89% concordance between the two methods among the 371 clinical specimens tested (74 positive in both assays and 257 negative in both assays). Twenty-seven rRT-PCR-negative/VP1-positive specimens were confirmed positive by sequencing; 13 specimens were rRT-PCR-positive/VP1-negative. Conclusions: The results suggest that either assay can produce satisfactory results, but that using both assays in parallel should provide the highest sensitivity for clinical diagnostic testing. Published by Elsevier B. V. C1 [Oberste, M. Steven; Penaranda, Silvia; Rogers, Shannon L.; Henderson, Elizabeth; Nix, W. Allan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Oberste, MS (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-17, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM soberste@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 49 IS 1 BP 73 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2010.06.022 PG 2 WC Virology SC Virology GA 638KO UT WOS:000280893900016 PM 20667767 ER PT J AU Ford, ES Li, CY Zhao, GX AF Ford, Earl S. Li, Chaoyang Zhao, Guixiang TI Prevalence and correlates of metabolic syndrome based on a harmonious definition among adults in the US SO JOURNAL OF DIABETES LA English DT Article DE metabolic syndrome; population surveillance; public health surveillance; risk factors ID PROVISIONAL REPORT; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CONSULTATION; DIAGNOSIS AB Background: Recently, a Joint Scientific Statement bridged differences between previous definitions of metabolic syndrome. Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in a representative sample of US adults and to examine its correlates. Methods: We analyzed data for up to 3461 participants aged >= 20 years of the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Results: Using waist circumference thresholds of 102 cm for men and >= 88 cm for women, the age-adjusted prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 34.3% among all adults, 36.1% among men, and 32.4% among women. Using racial- or ethnic-specific International Diabetes Federation criteria for waist circumference, the age-adjusted prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 38.5% for all participants, 41.9% for men, and 35.0% for women. Prevalence increased with age, peaking among those aged 60-69 years. Prevalence was lower among African American men than White or Mexican American men, and lower among White women than among African American or Mexican American women. In a multivariate regression model, significant independent associations were noted for age (positive), gender (men higher than women), race or ethnicity (African Americans and participants of another race lower than Whites), educational status (inverse), hypercholesterolemia (positive), concentrations of C-reactive protein (positive), leisure time physical activity (inverse), microalbuminuria (positive), and hyperinsulinemia (positive). Additional adjustment for body mass index weakened many of the associations, with educational status and microalbuminuria no longer significant contributors to the model. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome continues to be highly prevalent among adults in the US. C1 [Ford, Earl S.; Li, Chaoyang; Zhao, Guixiang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM eford@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 170 Z9 180 U1 2 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1753-0393 J9 J DIABETES JI J. Diabetes PD SEP PY 2010 VL 2 IS 3 BP 180 EP 193 DI 10.1111/j.1753-0407.2010.00078.x PG 14 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA V24MW UT WOS:000208415500009 PM 20923483 ER PT J AU Selman, CA AF Selman, Carol A. TI Improving Foodborne Disease Prevention SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Selman, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,M S F-6, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD SEP PY 2010 VL 73 IS 2 BP 28 EP 29 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 642RZ UT WOS:000281236300006 PM 20873530 ER PT J AU Li, Z Romanoff, LC Lewin, MD Porter, EN Trinidad, DA Needham, LL Patterson, DG Sjodin, A AF Li, Zheng Romanoff, Lovisa C. Lewin, Michael D. Porter, Erin N. Trinidad, Debra A. Needham, Larry L. Patterson, Donald G., Jr. Sjodin, Andreas TI Variability of urinary concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolite in general population and comparison of spot, first-morning, and 24-h void sampling SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PAH; variability; first-morning void; 24-h void; spot sample; sample size ID COKE-OVEN WORKERS; US POPULATION; DERMAL ROUTE; PAH EXPOSURE; 1-HYDROXYPYRENE; CHILDREN; EXCRETION; PYRENE; ELIMINATION; BIOMARKERS AB Urinary mono-hydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) are commonly used in biomonitoring to assess exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Similar to other biologically non-persistent chemicals, OH-PAHs have relatively short biological half-lives (4.4-35 h). Little information is available on their variability in urinary concentrations over time in non-occupationally exposed subjects. This study was designed to (i) examine the variability of nine urinary OH-PAH metabolite concentrations over time and (ii) calculate sample size requirements for future epidemiological studies on the basis of spot urine, first-morning void, and 24-h void sampling. Individual urine samples (n = 427) were collected during 1 week from 8 non-occupationally exposed adults. We recorded the time and volume of each urine excretion, dietary details, and driving activities of the participants. Within subjects, the coefficients of variation (CVs) for the wet-weight concentration of OH-PAHs in all samples ranged from 45% to 297%; creatinine adjustment reduced the CVto 19-288% (P<0.001; paired t-test). The simulated 24-h void concentrations were the least variable measure, with CVs ranging from 13% to 182% for the 9 OH-PAHs. Within-day variability contributed on average 84%, and between-day variability accounted for 16% of the total variance of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-PYR). Intraclass correlation coefficients of 1-PYR levels were 0.55 for spot urine samples, 0.60 for first-morning voids, and 0.76 for 24-h voids, indicating a high degree of correlation between urine measurements collected from the same subject over time. Sample size calculations were performed to estimate the number of subjects required for detecting differences in the geometric mean at a statistical power of 80% for spot urine, first-morning, and 24-h void sampling. These data will aid in the design of future studies of PAHs and possibly other biologically non-persistent chemicals and in the interpretation of their analytical results. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2010) 20, 526-535; doi:10.1038/jes.2009.41; published online 26 August 2009 C1 [Li, Zheng; Romanoff, Lovisa C.; Porter, Erin N.; Trinidad, Debra A.; Needham, Larry L.; Sjodin, Andreas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Romanoff, Lovisa C.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Patterson, Donald G., Jr.] EnviroSolut Consulting Inc, Jasper, GA 30143 USA. RP Sjodin, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,F-53, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ASjodin@cdc.gov RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 32 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 16 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 20 IS 6 BP 526 EP 535 DI 10.1038/jes.2009.41 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 647NL UT WOS:000281625100007 PM 19707251 ER PT J AU Turmelle, AS Jackson, FR Green, D McCracken, GF Rupprecht, CE AF Turmelle, A. S. Jackson, F. R. Green, D. McCracken, G. F. Rupprecht, C. E. TI Host immunity to repeated rabies virus infection in big brown bats SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; INSECTIVOROUS BATS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE; ECOLOGY AB Bats are natural reservoirs for the majority of lyssaviruses globally, and are unique among mammals in having exceptional sociality and longevity. Given these facets, and the recognized status of bats as reservoirs for rabies viruses (RABVs) in the Americas, individual bats may experience repeated exposure to RABV during their lifetime. Nevertheless, little information exists with regard to within-host infection dynamics and the role of immunological memory that may result from abortive RABV infection in bats. In this study, a cohort of big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) was infected intramuscularly in the left and right masseter muscles with varying doses [10(-0.1)-10(4.9) median mouse intracerebral lethal doses (MICLD(50))] of an E. fuscus RABV variant isolated from a naturally infected big brown bat. Surviving bats were infected a second time at 175 days post-(primary) infection with a dose (10(3.9)-10(4.9) MICLD(50)) of the same RABV variant. Surviving bats were infected a third time at either 175 or 305 days post-(secondary) infection with a dose (10(4.9) MICLD(50)) of the same RABV variant. When correcting for dose, similar mortality was observed following primary and secondary infection, but reduced mortality was observed following the third and last RABV challenge, despite infection with a high viral dose. Inducible RABV-neutralizing antibody titres post-infection were ephemeral among infected individuals, and dropped below levels of detection in several bats between subsequent infections. These results suggest that long-term repeated infection of bats may confer significant immunological memory and reduced susceptibility to RABV infection. C1 [Turmelle, A. S.; Jackson, F. R.; Green, D.; Rupprecht, C. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Turmelle, A. S.; McCracken, G. F.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Turmelle, AS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ATurmelle@cdc.gov OI McCracken, Gary/0000-0002-2493-8103 FU National Science Foundation-National Institutes of Health Ecology of Infectious Disease [0430418]; Environmental Protection Agency FX This research was supported in part by a National Science Foundation-National Institutes of Health Ecology of Infectious Disease grant (#0430418 to G. F. M.), and also an Environmental Protection Agency Science-To-Achieve-Results (STAR) Fellowship to A. S. T. The authors thank staff on the Rabies Team at the CDC and the Animal Resources Branch in Lawrenceville, GA, USA, for their expertise. Special thanks go also to I. Kuzmin, B. Panasuk, D. Palmer and J. Ellison for technical assistance during the study. Use of trade names and commercial sources is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the US Department of Health and Human Services. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of their institutions. NR 36 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 10 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 91 BP 2360 EP 2366 DI 10.1099/vir.0.020073-0 PN 9 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 654CY UT WOS:000282147300025 PM 20519458 ER PT J AU Faul, M Basavaraju, S Xu, LL Wald, M McGuire, L AF Faul, Mark Basavaraju, Sridhar Xu, Likang Wald, Marlena McGuire, Lisa TI Comorbidities and Reduced Mortality Among Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Patients SO JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Faul, Mark; Basavaraju, Sridhar; Xu, Likang; Wald, Marlena; McGuire, Lisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0885-9701 EI 1550-509X J9 J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB JI J. Head Trauma Rehabil. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 25 IS 5 BP 392 EP 392 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 649JR UT WOS:000281765400034 ER PT J AU Pickelsimer, E Ferguson, P Wald, M McGuire, L AF Pickelsimer, Elisabeth Ferguson, Pamela Wald, Marlena McGuire, Lisa TI Adverse Health and TBI Prevalence Among Incarcerated South Carolina Adults SO JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pickelsimer, Elisabeth; Ferguson, Pamela] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Wald, Marlena; McGuire, Lisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0885-9701 EI 1550-509X J9 J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB JI J. Head Trauma Rehabil. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 25 IS 5 BP 392 EP 392 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 649JR UT WOS:000281765400033 ER PT J AU Coronado, V Xu, LK McGuire, L Basavaraju, S Faul, M Wald, M AF Coronado, Victor Xu, Likang McGuire, Lisa Basavaraju, Sridhar Faul, Mark Wald, Marlena TI Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Deaths due to Motorcycle Crashes in the United States for 1997-2007 SO JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Coronado, Victor; Xu, Likang; McGuire, Lisa; Basavaraju, Sridhar; Faul, Mark; Wald, Marlena] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0885-9701 EI 1550-509X J9 J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB JI J. Head Trauma Rehabil. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 25 IS 5 BP 399 EP 400 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 649JR UT WOS:000281765400053 ER PT J AU Zhao, GX Ford, ES Li, CY Kris-Etherton, PM Etherton, TD Balluz, LS AF Zhao, Guixiang Ford, Earl S. Li, Chaoyang Kris-Etherton, Penny M. Etherton, Terry D. Balluz, Lina S. TI Independent associations of serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone with blood pressure among US adults SO JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE blood pressure; hypertension; parathyroid hormone; prehypertension; pulse pressure; vitamin D ID VITAMIN-D STATUS; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM; PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; INCIDENT HYPERTENSION; BRACHIAL-ARTERY; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3 AB Objective Vitamin D deficiency or high levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) appear to be emerging risk factors for hypertension. This study examined whether serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] and PTH were independently associated with blood pressure and the presence of hypertension or prehypertension among the United States adults. Methods Cross-sectional data from 7228 participants (aged >= 20 years) in the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. The least square means and the regression coefficients of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse pressure across quintiles of serum 25(OH) D and PTH were estimated by conducting multiple linear regression analyses. The adjusted prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals for hypertension and prehypertension were estimated using the log-binomial method. Results Among participants not taking blood pressure medications (n=5414), the mean age-and sex-adjusted systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased linearly across quintiles of serum 25(OH) D but increased linearly across quintiles of serum PTH (P<0.001 for all); these relationships remained significant even after extensively adjusting for covariates. Similarly, across quintiles of serum 25(OH) D, the age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension and the adjusted prevalence ratios for both hypertension and prehypertension decreased linearly (P<0.001 for all). In contrast, the prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension increased nonlinearly (P<0.05 for both) and the adjusted prevalence ratios for hypertension increased linearly across quintiles of serum PTH (P<0.001). Conclusion Serum concentrations of 25(OH) D and PTH were independently associated with blood pressure and with the presence of hypertension or prehypertension among the United States adults, though casual relationships remain to be elucidated. J Hypertens 28:18211828 (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 [Zhao, Guixiang; Ford, Earl S.; Li, Chaoyang; Balluz, Lina S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kris-Etherton, Penny M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Etherton, Terry D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Dairy & Anim Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Zhao, GX (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM GZhao@cdc.gov NR 54 TC 46 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0263-6352 J9 J HYPERTENS JI J. Hypertens. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 28 IS 9 BP 1821 EP 1828 DI 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32833bc5b4 PG 8 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 647GE UT WOS:000281605300008 PM 20613627 ER PT J AU Kutty, PK Kruszon-Moran, DM Dayan, GH Alexander, JP Williams, NJ Garcia, PE Hickman, CJ McQuillan, GM Bellini, WJ AF Kutty, Preeta K. Kruszon-Moran, Deanna M. Dayan, Gustavo H. Alexander, James P. Williams, Nobia J. Garcia, Philip E. Hickman, Carole J. McQuillan, Geraldine M. Bellini, William. J. TI Seroprevalence of Antibody to Mumps Virus in the US Population, 1999-2004 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; HERD-IMMUNITY; OUTBREAK; RUBELLA; MEASLES; IMMUNIZATION; VACCINATION; RESURGENCE; UNIVERSITY; SCHOOLS AB Background. In 2006, the largest mumps outbreak in the United States in 20 years occurred. To understand prior mumps seroprevalence and factors associated with the presence of antibody to mumps virus, data from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed. Methods. A mumps virus-specific enzyme immunoassay was used to measure the seroprevalence of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody among NHANES participants aged 6-49 years. Participants were grouped on the basis of 10-year birth cohorts, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using SUDAAN software, and logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors. Results. The overall age-adjusted seroprevalence of IgG antibody to mumps virus during 1999-2004 was 90.0% (95% CI, 88.8%-91.1%). Seroprevalence was higher among US-born non-Hispanic blacks (96.4% [95% CI, 95.5%-97.2%]) and non-US-born Mexican Americans (93.7% [95% CI, 92.0%-95.2%]). Seroprevalence was significantly lower in the 1967-1976 birth cohort (85.7% [95% CI, 83.5%-87.8%]). The variables sex, education, and race/ethnicity/birthplace were independent predictors in at least 1 of the birth cohorts. Conclusions. The overall estimate of 90.0% is at the lower end of the estimated population immunity (90%92%) needed to achieve herd immunity. Lower seroprevalence among groups suggest that they represent populations at an increased risk. For mumps control, high vaccine coverage and high population immunity must be achieved and maintained. C1 [Kutty, Preeta K.; Dayan, Gustavo H.; Williams, Nobia J.; Garcia, Philip E.; Hickman, Carole J.; Bellini, William. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Alexander, James P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kruszon-Moran, Deanna M.; McQuillan, Geraldine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Hyattsville, MD USA. RP Kutty, PK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, A-47,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pkutty@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 39 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 202 IS 5 BP 667 EP 674 DI 10.1086/655394 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 634ZB UT WOS:000280623800003 PM 20662720 ER PT J AU Esona, MD Page, NA Akran, VA Armah, GE Steele, AD AF Esona, Mathew D. Page, Nicola A. Akran, Veronique A. Armah, George E. Steele, A. Duncan TI Characterization of 2 Human Genotype G10 Rotavirus Strains, 3008CM and 1784/CI/1999, Isolated in Cameroon and Cote d'Ivoire during the 1999-2000 Rotavirus Season SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; GROUP-A ROTAVIRUS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; PORCINE ROTAVIRUS; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCES; ACUTE DIARRHEA; NUCLEIC-ACID; SUBGROUP-I; VP7 GENES AB During routine rotavirus surveillance projects in Cameroon and Cote d'Ivoire, 2 fecal samples collected from 2 children <5 years of age who presented with symptoms of gastroenteritis were found to give anomalous G typing results. These specimens were strongly rotavirus positive by enzyme immunoassay, displayed VP6 subgroup II specificity and long RNA electropherotypes, and were typed as rotavirus serotype G2 with monoclonal antibodies. In addition, the strains were typed as rotavirus VP7 genotype G3 and VP4 genotype P[8] by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Further investigation of the polymerase chain reaction G-typing results with a second set of primers revealed that the specimens were not genotype G3, and both samples were sequenced to elucidate the problem. Both strains were found to be genotype G10 by nucleotide sequence. Comparison of nucleotide and amino acid sequences and phylogenetic analysis of the African G10 strains revealed that these strains are closely related to the human G10 strains that were detected during the 2001-2003 rotavirus season in Ghana. The detection of G10 rotavirus in Africa adds to the global distribution of this strain and strengthens the need to continue strain surveillance in developing countries to understand the extent of strain distribution and diversity. C1 [Steele, A. Duncan] PATH, Seattle, WA 98107 USA. [Esona, Mathew D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Page, Nicola A.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Viral Gastroenteritis Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Steele, A. Duncan] Univ Limpopo, Diarrhoeal Pathogens Res Unit, MRC, Pretoria, South Africa. [Akran, Veronique A.] Inst Pasteur Cote Ivoire DVE, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Armah, George E.] Noguchi Mem Res Inst, Accra, Ghana. RP Steele, AD (reprint author), PATH, 1455 Leary Way NW, Seattle, WA 98107 USA. EM dsteele@path.org FU World Health Organization [V27/181/113]; Norwegian Programme for Development, Research, and Higher Education [PRO 48/2002]; South African Medical Research Council; Norwegian Programme for Development, Research, and Higher Education; Paul and Stella Loewenstein Foundation; Poliomyelitis Research Foundation; GAVI Alliance; Research Council of Norway; Stella and Paul Loewenstein Educational Trust FX World Health Organization (V27/181/113); the Norwegian Programme for Development, Research, and Higher Education (PRO 48/2002); the South African Medical Research Council; the Norwegian Programme for Development, Research, and Higher Education (scholarship to M.D.E.); and the Paul and Stella Loewenstein Foundation and the Poliomyelitis Research Foundation (scholarship to N.A.P.).; This article is part of a supplement entitled "Rotavirus Infection in Africa: Epidemiology, Burden of Disease, and Strain Diversity," which was prepared as a project of the Rotavirus Vaccine Program, a partnership among PATH, the World Health Organization, and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and was funded in full or in part by the GAVI Alliance.; We thank the Research Council of Norway, the Stella and Paul Loewenstein Educational Trust and Poliomyelitis Research Foundation, and Mrs Ina Peenze of the Medical Research Council-MEDUNSA Diarrhoea Pathogens Research Unit for her immense assistance. NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 202 SU 1 BP S212 EP S219 DI 10.1086/653553 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 634ZA UT WOS:000280623700030 PM 20684705 ER PT J AU Esona, MD Steele, D Kerin, T Armah, G Peenze, I Geyer, A Page, N Nyangao, J Agbaya, VA Trabelsi, A Tsion, B Aminu, M Sebunya, T Dewar, J Glass, R Gentsch, J AF Esona, Mathew Dioh Steele, Duncan Kerin, Tara Armah, George Peenze, Ina Geyer, Annelise Page, Nicola Nyangao, James Agbaya, Veronique Akran Trabelsi, Abdelhalim Tsion, Bizuneh Aminu, Maryam Sebunya, Theresia Dewar, John Glass, Roger Gentsch, Jon TI Determination of the G and P Types of Previously Nontypeable Rotavirus Strains from the African Rotavirus Network, 1996-2004: Identification of Unusual G Types SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID GROUP-A ROTAVIRUS; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; BRAZILIAN CHILDREN; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; GUINEA-BISSAU; SEROTYPE G6; RT-PCR AB A total of 215 nontypeable rotavirus samples collected from children <5 years of age by members of the African Rotavirus Network were characterized using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis and sequencing. The most predominant strain identified was P[8]G1 (46.9%). Genotypes P[8]G10, P[8]G8, P[6]G8, and P[7]G5 were also detected at frequencies varying from 0.5% to 2.3%. This study suggests that reassortment of unusual G types into a background of globally common genotype P[8] strains may be a major mechanism of generating rotavirus diversity. Nucleotide substitutions at the P[8], P[6], and G1 primer binding sites accounted for the failure to type these strains initially. Hence, these findings highlight the need for regular evaluation of rotavirus genotyping methods. C1 [Esona, Mathew Dioh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Steele, Duncan] PATH, Seattle, WA USA. [Glass, Roger] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Armah, George] Noguchi Mem Res Inst Accra, Accra, Ghana. [Peenze, Ina; Geyer, Annelise; Dewar, John] Univ Limpopo, MRC, Diarrhoeal Pathogens Res Unit, Pretoria, South Africa. [Page, Nicola] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Viral Gastroenteritis Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Nyangao, James] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. [Agbaya, Veronique Akran] Inst Pasteur Cote Ivoire, Dept Virus Epidem, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Trabelsi, Abdelhalim] Univ Hosp Sahloul, Lab Bacteriol Virol, Sousse, Tunisia. [Tsion, Bizuneh] Ethiopian Inst Virol, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Aminu, Maryam] Ahmadu Bello Univ Zaria, Dept Microbiol, Zaria, Nigeria. [Sebunya, Theresia] Univ Botswana, Dept Biol Sci, Gaborone, Botswana. RP Esona, MD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, MS G04,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mdi4@cdc.gov OI Page, Nicola/0000-0001-5845-4417 FU Rotavirus Vaccine Program; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The postdoctoral fellowship of Dr Esona was provided through the Rotavirus Vaccine Program, a collaboration between the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health, the World Health Organization, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Our sincere thanks also go to all the staff of the Medical Research Council Diarrhoeal Pathogens Research Unit, University of Limpopo, and the Gastroenteritis and Respiratory Viruses Laboratory Branch at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, for their immense assistance. NR 46 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 202 SU 1 BP S49 EP S54 DI 10.1086/653552 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 634ZA UT WOS:000280623700007 PM 20684717 ER PT J AU Fischer, TK Aaby, P Molbak, K Rodrigues, A AF Fischer, Thea Kolsen Aaby, Peter Molbak, Kare Rodrigues, Amabelia TI Rotavirus Disease in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: A Review of Longitudinal Community and Hospital Studies SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MIXED INFECTIONS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; HIGH-FREQUENCY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DIARRHEA; STRAINS; COHORT; IMMUNIZATION; SURVEILLANCE; PROTECTION AB Rotavirus is one of the most common causes of childhood diarrheal disease and deaths in sub-Saharan Africa. This article reviews community- and hospital-based surveillance of rotavirus disease in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau, West Africa. Here, rotavirus infections exhibit a seasonal pattern, with annual epidemics occurring during the relatively dry and cooler months, from January to April, and few cases registered from May to December. Most children (74%) experience their first infection before the age of 2 years, and rotavirus has been identified as the most pathogenic of all diarrheal agents during 2 large prospective studies involving several hundred children <5 years of age. In the hospital setting, rotavirus accounts for a high case-fatality ratio (8%) and a high rate of nosocomial transmission; during the rotavirus season, 23% of all children admitted for nonrotavirus diarrheal disease acquired rotavirus infection during hospitalization (>48 h after admission). C1 [Fischer, Thea Kolsen; Aaby, Peter] Statens Serum Inst, Danish Epidemiol Sci Ctr, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark. [Aaby, Peter; Rodrigues, Amabelia] Projecto Saude Bandim, Bissau, Guinea Bissau. [Molbak, Kare] Statens Serum Inst, Dept Epidemiol, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark. [Fischer, Thea Kolsen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fischer, TK (reprint author), Statens Serum Inst, Danish Epidemiol Sci Ctr, Artillerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark. EM thf@ssi.dk; rodriguesamabelia@hotmail.com OI Molbak, Kare/0000-0002-3100-4990; Fischer, Thea Kolsen/0000-0003-4812-980X FU World Health Organization; European Union; GAVI Alliance FX This review is based on several independent studies funded by the World Health Organization and the European Union.; This article is part of a supplement entitled "Rotavirus Infection In Africa: Epidemiology, Burden of Disease, and Strain Diversity," which was prepared as a project of the Rotavirus Vaccine Program, a partnership among PATH, the World Health Organization, and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and was funded in full or in part by the GAVI Alliance. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 202 SU 1 BP S239 EP S242 DI 10.1086/653568 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 634ZA UT WOS:000280623700034 PM 20684710 ER PT J AU Malek, MA Teleb, N Abu-Elyazeed, R Riddle, MS El Sherif, M Steele, AD Glass, RI Bresee, JS AF Malek, Mark A. Teleb, Nadia Abu-Elyazeed, Remon Riddle, Mark S. El Sherif, May Steele, A. Duncan Glass, Roger I. Bresee, Joseph S. TI The Epidemiology of Rotavirus Diarrhea in Countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID EGYPTIAN CHILDREN; CLINICAL-FEATURES; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; VP4 GENOTYPES; SAUDI-ARABIA; DISEASE; STRAINS; ENTEROPATHOGENS; IMMUNIZATION AB Objective. Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe diarrhea among children worldwide, killing similar to 600,000 children annually, including 64,800 in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Safe, effective rotavirus vaccines will be available soon, and accurate disease burden data will be needed to assess the burden of rotavirus and the value of new vaccines and monitor vaccine program impact. Methods. To identify epidemiologic studies in which rotavirus diagnostics were applied to children with acute gastroenteritis, we performed a systematic literature review. We selected studies that met 4 criteria and extracted rotavirus data on prevalence estimates, strain identification, age distribution of patients, and seasonal trends. Results. Of the 63 published studies with some rotavirus detection data, 29 met inclusion criteria. Among patients with diarrhea, rotavirus was detected in 40% of inpatients and 23% of outpatients. By 3 years of age, 75% of children experienced a documented rotavirus infection. Circulation of rotavirus occurred year-round, and no clear relationship between the timing of the rotavirus peak with either season or latitude was observed. Comparison of country-specific rotavirus detection rates indicated that the proportion of hospitalizations for rotavirus infection increased with income. Conclusion. This systematic review of studies of rotavirus diarrhea among children in the countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region documents that rotavirus is one of the most significant causes of childhood diarrhea in the region. The findings of this review will be used to establish sentinel hospital surveillance in these countries, estimate disease burden, and characterize its epidemiology using common protocols and diagnostics. C1 [Malek, Mark A.; El Sherif, May; Glass, Roger I.; Bresee, Joseph S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Gastroenteritis Sect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Abu-Elyazeed, Remon] GlaxoSmithKline Biol, King Of Prussia, PA USA. [Teleb, Nadia] World Hlth Org, Eastern Mediterranean Reg Off, Cairo, Egypt. [Riddle, Mark S.; El Sherif, May] US Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Steele, A. Duncan] World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Malek, MA (reprint author), CDC, Resp & Enter Viruses Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, MS A-34,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mmalek@cdc.gov RI Riddle, Mark/A-8029-2011; Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 65 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 202 SU 1 BP S12 EP S22 DI 10.1086/653579 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 634ZA UT WOS:000280623700003 PM 20684691 ER PT J AU Mwenda, JM Ntoto, KM Abebe, A Enweronu-Laryea, C Amina, I Mchomvu, J Kisakye, A Mpabalwani, EM Pazvakavambwa, I Armah, GE Seheri, LM Kiulia, NM Page, N Widdowson, MA Steele, AD AF Mwenda, Jason M. Ntoto, Kinkela Mina Abebe, Almaz Enweronu-Laryea, Christabel Amina, Ismail Mchomvu, Jackson Kisakye, Annet Mpabalwani, Evans M. Pazvakavambwa, Isoro Armah, George E. Seheri, L. M. Kiulia, Nicholas M. Page, N. Widdowson, Marc-Alain Steele, A. Duncan TI Burden and Epidemiology of Rotavirus Diarrhea in Selected African Countries: Preliminary Results from the African Rotavirus Surveillance Network SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; VACCINE; EFFICACY; STRAINS; DIVERSITY; EMERGENCE; CHILDREN; SAFETY; G9 AB Severe rotavirus diarrhea in children <5 years of age is a major public health problem; however, limited regional and country specific data on rotavirus disease burden are available from sub-Saharan Africa. In June 2006, the World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa initiated rotavirus surveillance in selected African countries. With use of standardized methodology developed by the World Health Organization, children <5 years of age who were hospitalized with severe diarrhea were enrolled, and stool specimens were collected for detection of rotavirus strains with use of a commercial enzyme immunoassay. Rotavirus strains were further characterized for G and P types with use of a reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. From June 2006 through December 2008, rotavirus surveillance was established at 14 sites in 11 African countries. Of 5461 stool samples collected from children enrolled in 8 countries with 1 or 2 complete years of data, 2200 (40%) were positive for rotavirus. Ninety percent of all rotavirus hospitalizations occurred among children aged 3-12 months. Predominant types included G1P[8] (21%), G2P[4] (7%), and P [8] (29%); however, unusual types were also detected, including G8P[6] (5%), G8P[8] (1%), G12P[6] (1%), and G12P[6] (1%). A high percentage of mixed rotavirus infections was also detected. These preliminary results indicate that rotavirus is a major cause of severe diarrheal disease in African children. C1 [Mwenda, Jason M.] WHO, Africa Rotavirus Surveillance Network, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville 242, Congo. [Ntoto, Kinkela Mina] Univ Teaching Hosp Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Abebe, Almaz] Ethiopian Hlth & Nutr Res Inst, Dept Virol, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Enweronu-Laryea, Christabel] Univ Ghana, Dept Child Hlth, Sch Med, Korie Bu Teaching Hosp, Accra, Ghana. [Armah, George E.] Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Reg Rotavirus Reference Lab, Accra, Ghana. [Amina, Ismail] Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Div Dis Surveillance & Response, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kiulia, Nicholas M.] Natl Museums Kenya, Inst Primate Res, Enter Viruses Res Grp, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mchomvu, Jackson] Fed Minist Hlth, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Kisakye, Annet] Minist Hlth, Expanded Program Immunizat, Kampala, Uganda. [Mpabalwani, Evans M.] Univ Teaching Hosp, Dept Pediat & Child Hlth, Lusaka, Zambia. [Pazvakavambwa, Isoro] Univ Zimbabwe, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Harare, Zimbabwe. [Seheri, L. M.; Page, N.] Univ Limpopo, Reg Rotavirus Reference Lab, MRC Medunsa Diarrheal Pathogens Res Unit, Pretoria, South Africa. [Widdowson, Marc-Alain] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Steele, A. Duncan] Program Appropriate Technol Hlth, Seattle, WA USA. RP Mwenda, JM (reprint author), WHO, Africa Rotavirus Surveillance Network, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville 242, Congo. EM mwendaj@afro.who.int RI Kiulia, Nicholas /B-8655-2015; OI Kiulia, Nicholas /0000-0001-8754-4227; Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933; Page, Nicola/0000-0001-5845-4417 FU World Health Organization; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Rotavirus Vaccine Program, PATH FX World Health Organization, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Rotavirus Vaccine Program, PATH. NR 26 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 202 SU 1 BP S5 EP S11 DI 10.1086/653557 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 634ZA UT WOS:000280623700002 PM 20684718 ER PT J AU Neuzil, KM Armah, GE Parashar, UD Steele, AD AF Neuzil, Kathleen M. Armah, George E. Parashar, Umesh D. Steele, A. Duncan TI Rotavirus in Africa: Shifting the Focus to Disease Prevention SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID ACUTE DIARRHEA; SOUTH-AFRICA; VACCINE; GASTROENTERITIS; CHILDREN; INFANTS C1 [Neuzil, Kathleen M.; Steele, A. Duncan] PATH, Rotavirus Vaccine Program, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. [Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Armah, George E.] Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Dept Electron Microscopy & Histopathol, Legon, Ghana. RP Neuzil, KM (reprint author), PATH, Rotavirus Vaccine Program, 455 Leary Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM kneuzil@path.org NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 202 SU 1 BP S1 EP S4 DI 10.1086/653545 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 634ZA UT WOS:000280623700001 PM 20684687 ER PT J AU Nyangao, J Page, N Esona, M Peenze, I Gatheru, Z Tukei, P Steele, AD AF Nyangao, James Page, Nicola Esona, Mathew Peenze, Ina Gatheru, Zipporah Tukei, Peter Steele, A. Duncan TI Characterization of Human Rotavirus Strains from Children with Diarrhea in Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya, between 2000 and 2002 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; AGENTS AFFECTING HEALTH; GROUP-A ROTAVIRUSES; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; EARLY-CHILDHOOD; ETIOLOGICAL AGENTS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; BLACK INFANTS; NUCLEIC-ACID; SOUTH-AFRICA AB Rotavirus infection is a major cause of diarrheal illness and hospitalization in children <5 years old in Kenya and has been described in various settings and locations across the country and for different time points. In this study, we expand on the molecular characterization of rotavirus strains collected in Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya, between 2000 and 2002. Rotavirus strains were typed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and characterized using VP6 monoclonal antibodies and RNA electrophoresis of the viral genome. A large proportion of specimens could not be genotyped; 41% did not produce a G type result, and 43% did not produce a P type result. Of the strains that could be genotyped, G1P[8] strains were predominant, followed by G2P[4] strains. In addition, G8 and G9 strains were seen in similar proportions Interestingly, the G and P combinations were more diverse among G8 and G9 rotavirus strains, suggesting the recent introduction of these strains into the human population. These observations are a link between the occasional observation of G8 and G9 strains at the turn of the century and the high predominance of G9P[8] strains observed in Kenya in 2005. C1 [Steele, A. Duncan] PATH, Seattle, WA 98107 USA. [Nyangao, James; Gatheru, Zipporah; Tukei, Peter] Kenya Res Inst, Virus Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. [Page, Nicola] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Viral Gastroenteritis Unit, Sandringham, England. [Page, Nicola; Esona, Mathew; Peenze, Ina; Steele, A. Duncan] Univ Limpopo, Diarrhoeal Pathogens Res Unit, MRC, Pretoria, South Africa. [Esona, Mathew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Steele, AD (reprint author), PATH, 1455 Leary Way NW, Seattle, WA 98107 USA. EM dsteele@path.org OI Page, Nicola/0000-0001-5845-4417 FU Kenyan Medical Research Institute, South African Medical Research Council, World Health Organization [IVB27/181/113]; Poliomyelitis Research Foundation, Sandringham; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Kenyan Medical Research Institute, South African Medical Research Council, World Health Organization (grant IVB27/181/113 to J.N. to support visit to South Africa), Poliomyelitis Research Foundation, Sandringham.; This article is part of a supplement entitled "Rotavirus Infection In Africa: Epidemiology, Burden of Disease, and Strain Diversity," which was prepared as a project of the Rotavirus Vaccine Program, a partnership among PATH, the World Health Organization, and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and was funded in full or in part by the GAVI Alliance. NR 49 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 202 SU 1 BP S187 EP S192 DI 10.1086/653564 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 634ZA UT WOS:000280623700026 PM 20684701 ER PT J AU Page, N Esona, M Armah, G Nyangao, J Mwenda, J Sebunya, T Basu, G Pyndiah, N Potgieter, N Geyer, A Steele, AD AF Page, Nicola Esona, Mathew Armah, George Nyangao, James Mwenda, Jason Sebunya, Theresa Basu, Gorav Pyndiah, Naidu Potgieter, Natasha Geyer, Annelise Steele, A. Duncan TI Emergence and Characterization of Serotype G9 Rotavirus Strains from Africa SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; GROUP-A ROTAVIRUSES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ACUTE DIARRHEA; SOUTH-AFRICA; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; PORCINE ROTAVIRUS; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; HIGH-FREQUENCY AB Serotype G9 strains have been detected sporadically and in localized outbreaks in various African countries, including South Africa, Botswana, Malawi, Kenya, Cameroon, Nigeria, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Libya, and Mauritius. Serotype G9 strains were analyzed to investigate genogroup characteristics, including subgroup specificity, electropherotype, and P and G genotypes. In addition, the antigenic composition of the South African G9 strains was assessed. African G9 strains were associated with both DS-1-like characteristics and Wa-like characteristics, indicating the predisposition of G9 strains to frequently reassort. Despite these reassortment events, serotype G9 strains appear to maintain antigenic character in the outer capsid protein, as evident with the reaction of the South African G9 strains with the G9-specific monoclonal antibody F45:1. Phylogenetic analysis clustered African G9 strains geographically, regardless of genogroup characteristics, into 1 lineage (IIId). Two groups of G9 strains, originating in India and Japan, were identified in this lineage. Continuous surveillance of circulating rotavirus strains in Africa is vital to prepare for future vaccine implementation on a continent that clearly needs such preventative medicines. C1 [Page, Nicola] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Viral Gastroenteritis Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Page, Nicola; Esona, Mathew; Armah, George; Geyer, Annelise; Steele, A. Duncan] Univ Limpopo, MRC, Diarrhoeal Pathogens Res Unit, Dept Virol, Pretoria, South Africa. [Potgieter, Natasha] Univ Venda Sci & Technol, Dept Microbiol, Thohoyandou, South Africa. [Esona, Mathew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Armah, George] Univ Ghana, Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Legon, Ghana. [Nyangao, James] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mwenda, Jason] Natl Museums Kenya, Inst Primate Res, Nairobi, Kenya. [Sebunya, Theresa; Basu, Gorav] Univ Botswana, Dept Biol Sci, Gaborone, Botswana. [Pyndiah, Naidu] Cent Hlth Lab, HIV AIDS STI Virol Lab, Cando, Mauritius. [Steele, A. Duncan] WHO, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Page, N (reprint author), Private Bag X4, ZA-2131 Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa. EM nicolap@nicd.ac.za OI Page, Nicola/0000-0001-5845-4417 FU South African Medical Research Council; Poliomyelitis Research Foundation; Paul and Stella Loewenstein Doctoral Scholarship FX South African Medical Research Council, the Poliomyelitis Research Foundation, and the Paul and Stella Loewenstein Doctoral Scholarship (to N.P.). NR 64 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 202 SU 1 BP S55 EP S63 DI 10.1086/653551 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 634ZA UT WOS:000280623700008 PM 20684719 ER PT J AU Teten, AL Schumacher, JA Taft, CT Stanley, MA Kent, TA Bailey, SD Dunn, NJ White, DL AF Teten, Andra L. Schumacher, Julie A. Taft, Casey T. Stanley, Melinda A. Kent, Thomas A. Bailey, Sara D. Dunn, Nancy Jo White, Donna L. TI Intimate Partner Aggression Perpetrated and Sustained by Male Afghanistan, Iraq, and Vietnam Veterans With and Without Posttraumatic Stress Disorder SO JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE LA English DT Article DE posttraumatic stress disorder; intimate partner aggression; domestic violence; veterans ID COMBAT VETERANS; INTERGENERATIONAL TRANSMISSION; RISK-FACTORS; MILITARY VETERANS; ALCOHOL-PROBLEMS; PHYSICAL ABUSE; VIOLENCE; ANGER; HOSTILITY; WAR AB Veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) consistently evidence higher rates of intimate partner aggression perpetration than veterans without PTSD, but most studies have examined rates of aggression among Vietnam veterans several years after their deployment. The primary aim of this study was to examine partner aggression among male Afghanistan or Iraq veterans who served during Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and compare this aggression to that reported by Vietnam veterans with PTSD. Three groups were recruited, OEF/OIF veterans with PTSD (n = 27), OEF/OIF veterans without PTSD (n = 31), and Vietnam veterans with PTSD (n = 28). Though only a few comparisons reached significance, odds ratios suggested that male OEF/OIF veterans with PTSD were approximately 1.9 to 3.1 times more likely to perpetrate aggression toward their female partners and 1.6 to 6 times more likely to report experiencing female perpetrated aggression than the other two groups. Significant correlations among reports of violence perpetrated and sustained suggested many men may have been in mutually violent relationships. Taken together, these results suggest that partner aggression among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans with PTSD may be an important treatment consideration and target for prevention. C1 [Stanley, Melinda A.; White, Donna L.] Michael E DeBakey VA Med Ctr, HCQCUS, Houston, TX USA. [Bailey, Sara D.; Dunn, Nancy Jo] Michael E DeBakey VA Med Ctr, Trauma Recovery Program, Houston, TX USA. [Teten, Andra L.; Stanley, Melinda A.; Kent, Thomas A.; Bailey, Sara D.; Dunn, Nancy Jo] S Cent Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr MIRECC, Houston, TX USA. [Stanley, Melinda A.] Baylor Coll Med, Div Psychol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Bailey, Sara D.; Dunn, Nancy Jo] Baylor Coll Med, Menninger Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [White, Donna L.] Baylor Coll Med, Sect Hlth Serv Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [White, Donna L.] Baylor Coll Med, Gastroenterol Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Schumacher, Julie A.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, University, MS 38677 USA. [Taft, Casey T.] VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Natl Ctr PTSD, Behav Sci Div, Boston, MA USA. [Taft, Casey T.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Teten, AL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy MS F-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ateten@cdc.gov OI Kent, Thomas/0000-0002-9877-7584 NR 43 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 15 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0886-2605 J9 J INTERPERS VIOLENCE JI J. Interpers. Violence PD SEP PY 2010 VL 25 IS 9 BP 1612 EP 1630 DI 10.1177/0886260509354583 PG 19 WC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology, Applied SC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology GA 635OT UT WOS:000280665800004 PM 20023200 ER PT J AU Kothera, L Godsey, M Mutebi, JP Savage, HM AF Kothera, Linda Godsey, Marvin Mutebi, John-Paul Savage, Harry M. TI A Comparison of Aboveground and Belowground Populations of Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes in Chicago, Illinois, and New York City, New York, Using Microsatellites SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE population genetics; Culex pipiens; Culex pipiens form molestus; microsatellites; genetic structure ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; CHAIN-REACTION ASSAY; ANAUTOGENOUS POPULATIONS; UNITED-STATES; NATURAL POPULATIONS; COMPLEX; MOLESTUS; AUTOGENY; DIFFERENTIATION; PROGRAM AB Aboveground and belowground populations of the mosquito Ceder pipiens L. are traditionally classified as form pipiens and form molestus, respectively, and gene flow between forms is thought to be limited. Relatively few f. molestus populations have been found in the United States, which has hindered their study in North America. In this study, we used microsatellites to characterize a newly discovered population off. molestus in Chicago, IL, and compared levels of genetic diversity and differentiation in aboveground and belowground populations from Chicago and New York City, NY. Levels of genetic diversity, as measured by expected heterozygosity and allelic richness, were markedly lower in both f. molestus populations. Allele frequencies were distinctly different between the two f. molestus populations, and some alleles were present in one belowground population and not the other. Pairwise F(ST), values between populations indicated that f. molestus populations were highly divergent from each other, as well as from their associated aboveground populations. Cluster analysis suggested the most likely number of groups was three, with the four f. pipiens populations in one cluster, and each of the f. molestus populations in its own cluster. Admixture analysis detected a low number of hybrids, 8%, between forms. We also tested the efficacy of two assays purported to distinguish between the forms, the CQ11 assay and a restriction fragment-length polymorphism assay of the COI gene, and found neither assay reliable in this regard. Our findings support the hypothesis that f. molestus populations in Chicago and New York City arose from local aboveground populations. C1 [Kothera, Linda; Godsey, Marvin; Mutebi, John-Paul; Savage, Harry M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Kothera, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM LKothera@cdc.gov NR 54 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 4 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 47 IS 5 BP 805 EP 813 DI 10.1603/ME10031 PG 9 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 649CK UT WOS:000281744600013 PM 20939375 ER PT J AU Borchert, JN Enscore, RE Eisen, RJ Atiku, LA Owor, N Acayo, S Babi, N Montenieri, JA Gage, KL AF Borchert, Jeff N. Enscore, Russell E. Eisen, Rebecca J. Atiku, Linda A. Owor, Nicholas Acayo, Sarah Babi, Nackson Montenieri, John A. Gage, Kenneth L. TI Evaluation of Rodent Bait Containing Imidacloprid for the Control of Fleas on Commensal Rodents in a Plague-Endemic Region of Northwest Uganda SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rattus rattus; plague; flea control; imidacloprid ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CALIFORNIA GROUND-SQUIRRELS; WESTERN USAMBARA MOUNTAINS; EARLY-PHASE TRANSMISSION; ARVICANTHIS-NILOTICUS; CTENOCEPHALIDES-FELIS; SYSTEMIC INSECTICIDES; LABORATORY EVALUATION; YERSINIA-PESTIS; VECTOR CONTROL AB In recent decades, the majority of human plague cases (caused by Yersinia pestis) have been reported from Africa. In an effort to reduce the risk of the disease in this area, we evaluated the efficacy of a host-targeted rodent bait containing the insecticide imidacloprid for controlling fleas on house-dwelling commensal rodents in a plague-endemic region of northwestern Uganda. Results demonstrated that the use of a palatable, rodent-targeted, wax-based bait cube was effective at reducing the prevalence of fleas on commensal rodents and flea burdens on these animals at day 7 postbait exposure, but lacked significant residual activity, allowing flea populations to rebound in the absence of additional bait applications. Our results indicate the use of a palatable host-targeted bait block containing imidacloprid was an effective technique for quickly reducing flea numbers on rodents in northwest Uganda and, thus, could be useful for lowering the potential risk of human flea bite exposures during plague outbreaks if applied continuously during the period of risk. C1 [Borchert, Jeff N.; Enscore, Russell E.; Eisen, Rebecca J.; Montenieri, John A.; Gage, Kenneth L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Bacterial Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Atiku, Linda A.; Owor, Nicholas; Acayo, Sarah; Babi, Nackson] Uganda Virus Res Inst, Entebbe, Uganda. RP Borchert, JN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Bacterial Dis Branch, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM gqx1@cdc.gov FU United States Department of Energy; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center of Zoonotic, Vector-Borne and Enteric Diseases, Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases [37723, 6665] FX We express our gratitude to Santos Angualia, Joshua Andiku, Sebi Ali, Robert Kibenga Banjo (Uganda Virus Research Institute, Arua, Uganda), and Richard M. Poche (Scimetrics, Ltd.) for helpful discussion and assistance with this study. This work was supported in part by the appointment of Jeff N. Borchert to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an inter-agency agreement between the United States Department of Energy and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This work was also supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center of Zoonotic, Vector-Borne and Enteric Diseases, Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases Emerging Infectious Disease Project 37723, and Bioterrorism Project 6665. NR 60 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 47 IS 5 BP 842 EP 850 DI 10.1603/ME09221 PG 9 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 649CK UT WOS:000281744600017 PM 20939379 ER PT J AU Lennerz, JK Timmerman, RJ Grange, DK DeBaun, MR Feinberg, AP Zehnbauer, BA AF Lennerz, Jochen K. Timmerman, Robert J. Grange, Dorothy K. DeBaun, Michael R. Feinberg, Andrew P. Zehnbauer, Barbara A. TI Addition of H19 'Loss of Methylation Testing' for Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS) Increases the Diagnostic Yield SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS LA English DT Article ID ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES; MONOZYGOTIC TWINS DISCORDANT; NEONATAL DIABETES-MELLITUS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; UNIPARENTAL DISOMY; DNA METHYLATION; WILMS-TUMOR; ISOLATED HEMIHYPERPLASIA; IMPRINTED GENES AB Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a clinical diagnosis; however, molecular confirmation via abnormal methylation of DMR2(LIT1) and/or DMR1(H19) has clinical utility due to epigenotype-tumor association. Despite the strong link between H19 hypermethylation and tumor risk, several diagnostic laboratories only test for hypomethylation of LIT1 We assessed the added diagnostic value of combined LIT1 and H19 testing in a large series of referred samples from 1298 patients, including 53 well-characterized patients from the St. Louis Children's Hospital BWS-Registry (validation samples) and 1245 consecutive nationwide referrals (practice samples). Methylation-sensitive enzymatic digestion with Southern hybridization assessed loss of normal imprinting. In the validation group, abnormal LIT1 hypomethylation was detected in 60% (32/52) of patients but LIT1/H19-combined testing was abnormal in 68% (36/53); sensitivity in the practice setting demonstrated 27% (342/1245) abnormal LIT1 and 32% (404/1245) abnormal LIT1/H19-combined. In addition, H19 methylation was abnormal in 7% of LIT1-normal patients. We observed absence of uniparental disomy (UPD) in 27% of combined LIT1/H19-abnormal samples, diagnostic of multilocus methylation abnormalities; in contrast to studies implicating that combined LIT1/H19 abnormalities are diagnostic of UPD. The overall low detection rate, even in validated patient samples and despite characterization of both loci and UPD status, emphasizes the importance of clinical diagnosis in BWS. (J Mol Diagn 2010, 12:576-588 DOI: 10.2353/jmoldx.2010.100005) C1 [Zehnbauer, Barbara A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Div Lab Syst, Lab Practice Evaluat, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Lennerz, Jochen K.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Lennerz, Jochen K.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, St Louis, MO USA. [Grange, Dorothy K.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Genet & Genom Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [DeBaun, Michael R.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Hematol Oncol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Timmerman, Robert J.] St Johns Mercy Med Ctr, Mol Diagnost Lab, Des Moines, IA USA. [Feinberg, Andrew P.] Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Zehnbauer, Barbara A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Div Lab Syst, Genom Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Zehnbauer, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Div Lab Syst, Lab Practice Evaluat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop G23, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bzehnbauer@cdc.gov FU National Institutes of Health [CA54358] FX Supported by National Institutes of Health grant CA54358 (to A.P.F.). NR 129 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3993 USA SN 1525-1578 J9 J MOL DIAGN JI J. Mol. Diagn. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 12 IS 5 BP 576 EP 588 DI 10.2353/jmoldx.2010.100005 PG 13 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 648JW UT WOS:000281690800005 PM 20616360 ER PT J AU Krahn, G Fox, MH Campbell, VA Ramon, I Jesien, G AF Krahn, Gloria Fox, Michael H. Campbell, Vincent A. Ramon, Ismaila Jesien, George TI Developing a Health Surveillance System for People With Intellectual Disabilities in the United States SO JOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES LA English DT Article DE case definition; ICF; intellectual disabilities; public health; surveillance ID MENTAL-RETARDATION; DEVELOPMENTAL-DISABILITIES; ADULTS; PREVALENCE; INDICATORS; OUTCOMES; CARE; POPULATION; QUALITY; POLICY AB Adults with intellectual disabilities ( ID) experience poorer access to quality healthcare and poorer health outcomes than people without ID. They are more likely to live with complex and poorly managed health conditions, have limited access to quality healthcare, receive cancer screenings at lower rates, be obese, have undetected vision and hearing problems, and be at risk for overuse of psychotropic medications. While health disparities appear endemic, there remains a dearth of population-based information, leading to lack of recognition of this problem by policy makers, public health, and even healthcare professionals. Efforts to address these disparities are insufficient, owing in part to the challenge of documenting the problem's scope and nature. In the U. S., nearly 4 million adults are currently estimated to have ID. In contrast to European countries and despite attention from the U. S. Surgeon General in 2002 on the poor health of people with ID, little progress has been made on obtaining related population-based data in the U. S. Substantial challenges exist relative to gathering representative data on the population with ID. In response, two international meetings of experts were convened to discuss possible approaches to gathering population-based health information on people with ID. The discussions included about whom to gather information, what data to collect, and options for how to gather the data. Authors note that efforts to improve health surveillance of people with ID in the U. S. can be enhanced through a multistage strategy. Recent healthcare reform in the U. S. sets a new context for major changes in access to and the way that our healthcare system operates. These changes highlight the need to develop accurate and reliable surveillance systems that can monitor the impact of these changes on this often neglected population. C1 [Krahn, Gloria; Fox, Michael H.; Campbell, Vincent A.; Ramon, Ismaila] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Jesien, George] Assoc Univ Ctr Disabil, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Fox, MH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Human Dev & Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E88, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. EM mhfox@cdc.gov NR 68 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 11 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1741-1122 J9 J POLICY PRACT INTEL JI J. Policy Pract. Intellect. Disabil. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 7 IS 3 BP 155 EP 166 DI 10.1111/j.1741-1130.2010.00260.x PG 12 WC Health Policy & Services; Rehabilitation SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Rehabilitation GA 665EM UT WOS:000283018000001 ER PT J AU Shrestha, RK Sansom, SL Kimbrough, L Hutchinson, AB Daltry, D Maldonado, W Simpson-May, GM Illemszky, S AF Shrestha, Ram K. Sansom, Stephanie L. Kimbrough, Lisa Hutchinson, Angela B. Daltry, Daniel Maldonado, Waleska Simpson-May, Georgia M. Illemszky, Sean TI Cost-effectiveness of Using Social Networks to Identify Undiagnosed HIV Infection Among Minority Populations SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE cost-effectiveness; HIV-1; partner; rapid test; social network ID UNITED-STATES; REFERRAL SERVICES; PREVENTION; INTERVENTION; STRATEGIES; PROJECT; VIRUS; MEN; SEX AB Context: In 2003, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention launched the Advancing HIV Prevention project to implement new strategies for diagnosing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections outside medical settings and prevent new infections by working with HIV-infected persons and their partners. Objectives: To assess the cost and effectiveness of a social network strategy to identify new HIV diagnoses among minority populations. Design, Settings, and Participants: Four community-based organizations (CBOs) in Boston, Philadelphia, and Washington, District of Columbia, implemented a social network strategy for HIV counseling and testing from October 2003 to December 2005. We used standardized cost collection forms to collect program costs attributable to staff time, travel, incentives, test kits, testing supplies, office space, equipment, and utilities. The CBOs used the networks of high-risk and HIV-infected persons (recruiters) who referred their partners and associates for HIV counseling and testing. We obtained HIV-testing outcomes from project databases. Main Outcome Measures: Number of HIV tests, number of new HIV-diagnoses notified, total program cost, cost per person tested, cost per person notified of new HIV diagnosis. Results: Two CBOs, both based in Philadelphia, identified 25 and 17 recruiters on average annually and tested 136 and 330 network associates, respectively. Among those tested, 12 and 13 associates were notified of new HIV diagnoses (seropositivity: 9.8%, 4.4%). CBOs in Boston, Massachusetts, and Washington, District of Columbia, identified 26 and 24 recruiters per year on average and tested 228 and 123 network associates. Among those tested, 12 and 11 associates were notified of new HIV diagnoses (seropositivity: 5.1%, 8.7%). The cost per associate notified of a new HIV diagnosis was $11 578 and $12 135 in Philadelphia, and $16 437 and $16 101 in Boston, Massachusetts, and Washington, District of Columbia. Conclusions: The cost of notifying someone with a new HIV diagnosis using social networks varied across sites. Our analysis provides useful information for program planning and evaluation. C1 [Shrestha, Ram K.; Sansom, Stephanie L.; Kimbrough, Lisa; Hutchinson, Angela B.] Ctr Dis Control, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Daltry, Daniel] Act AIDS, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Maldonado, Waleska] Congreso Latinos Unidos, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Simpson-May, Georgia M.] Multicultural AIDS Coalition Inc, Boston, MA USA. [Illemszky, Sean] Whitman Walker Clin, Washington, DC USA. RP Shrestha, RK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Mail Stop E-48,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM biu0@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 16 IS 5 BP 457 EP 464 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3181cb433b PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 635OO UT WOS:000280665200013 PM 20689396 ER PT J AU Ahmed, F Paine, V Zhang, F Gary, E Lindley, MC AF Ahmed, Faruque Paine, Virginia Zhang, Fan Gary, Edith Lindley, Megan C. TI Evaluation of a Legislatively Mandated Influenza Vaccination Program for Adults in Rhode Island, USA SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE human; immunization programs; influenza; influenza vaccine; legislation as topic; vaccination ID PRIMARY-CARE; SHORTAGE; PROVIDER AB Context: There have been disruptions in influenza vaccine supply in the United States during the 2000-2001, 2001-2002, 2004-2005, and 2005-2006 influenza seasons. Some providers received limited or no vaccine, while others obtained their order in full, depending on with whom the order was placed. A state law was passed that mandates the Rhode Island Department of Health to include the purchase and distribution of influenza vaccine for adults in its immunization program. Objective: To evaluate the first 2 years of the statewide adult influenza immunization program. Design: We conducted key informant interviews of 25 providers in 2008 and surveyed all enrolled providers in 2008 (year 1) and 2009 (year 2). Setting: State of Rhode Island. Participants: Physician practices and facilities that provide influenza vaccination to adults, including private practices, nursing homes, health centers, urgent care facilities, hospitals, mass immunizers, and businesses. Intervention: Enrolled providers received influenza vaccines free and billed insurers, Medicare, and Medicaid for vaccine administration costs. Main Outcome Measures: Provider satisfaction with different program components and overall satisfaction. Results: For year 1, there was higher satisfaction with enrollment, training, vaccine ordering, and vaccine shipment than with paperwork and claims. Of the survey respondents, 71% reported that the program paperwork was reasonable and 30% reported difficulties in receiving reimbursement. Satisfaction with the vaccination start date of October 17, 2007, was 80%. There was high overall satisfaction (94%). In response to streamlining of reporting requirements and setting an earlier start date of October 7, 2008, for year 2, there was a significant increase in satisfaction with paperwork (89%) and with vaccination start date (90%). Conclusions: The findings may be useful in guiding the development of vaccination programs to provide influenza and other vaccines for adults at the state or national level. C1 [Ahmed, Faruque; Zhang, Fan; Gary, Edith; Lindley, Megan C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Paine, Virginia] Rhode Isl Dept Hlth, Div Community Family Hlth & Equ, Providence, RI 02908 USA. RP Ahmed, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fahmed@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 16 IS 5 BP E1 EP E8 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3181c60ed4 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 635OO UT WOS:000280665200017 PM 20689382 ER PT J AU Brown, MJ Ammon, M Grevatt, P AF Brown, Mary Jean Ammon, Matthew Grevatt, Peter TI Federal Agency Support for Healthy Homes SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE federal agencies; healthy homes; interagency collaboration; quality of life AB Numerous studies have demonstrated that housing interventions such as addressing structural deficiencies or lack of safety devices improve health. These successes, coupled with reports by health care and housing professionals of other health and safety issues in homes that they were unable to address, have renewed interest in promoting health by addressing unhealthy housing conditions-but with a holistic approach. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Housing and Urban Development, and US Environmental Protection Agency fund programs to improve indoor air and drinking water quality and prevent childhood lead poisoning. All of these programs offer valuable lessons for designing more integrated programs. The federal agencies and their grantees have demonstrated that interagency collaboration is essential for successful outcomes. However, the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the Centers for Disease Control recognize that no individual agency has all of the necessary resources or expertise to formulate national programs and policies and implement a national healthy homes agenda. Thus, they have come together with the US Department of Health and Human Services, the Department of Energy, the US Department of Agriculture, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and the Office of the Surgeon General to form an interagency working group to ensure that vigorous, healthy homes policies are implemented at federal, national, and community levels. C1 [Brown, Mary Jean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Healthy Homes & Lead Poisoning Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ammon, Matthew] Dept Housing & Urban Dev, Off Healthy Homes & Lead Hazard Control, Washington, DC USA. [Grevatt, Peter] US EPA, Off Childrens Hlth Protect, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Brown, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Healthy Homes & Lead Poisoning Prevent Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mjb5@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 16 IS 5 SU S BP S90 EP S93 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3181ddf63d PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 641EQ UT WOS:000281108000014 PM 20689381 ER PT J AU Diekman, S Huitric, M Netterville, L AF Diekman, Shane Huitric, Michele Netterville, Linda TI The Development of the Residential Fire HELP Tool Kit: A Resource to Protect Homebound Older Adults SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE elderly; fire safety; older adults; prevention; program; smoke alarms ID PROGRAM AB This article describes the development of the Fire H. E. L. P. tool kit for training selected Meals On Wheels ( MOW) staff in Texas to implement a fire safety program for homebound older adults. We used a formative evaluation approach during the tool kit's development, testing, and initial implementation stages. The tool kit includes instructional curricula on how to implement Fire H. E. L. P., a home assessment tool to determine a residence's smoke alarm needs, and fire safety educational materials. During the tool kit's pilot test, MOW participants showed enhanced fire safety knowledge and high levels of confidence about applying their newfound training skills. After the pilot test, MOW staff used the tool kit to conduct local training sessions, provide fire safety education, and install smoke alarms in the homes of older adults. We believe the approach used to develop this tool kit can be applied to education efforts for other, related healthy home topics. C1 [Diekman, Shane; Huitric, Michele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Netterville, Linda] Meals Wheels Assoc Amer, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Diekman, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sdiekman@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 16 IS 5 SU S BP S61 EP S67 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3181ce4eed PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 641EQ UT WOS:000281108000010 PM 20689377 ER PT J AU Jacobs, DE Brown, MJ Baeder, A Sucosky, MS Margolis, S Hershovitz, J Kolb, L Morley, RL AF Jacobs, David E. Brown, Mary Jean Baeder, Andrea Sucosky, Marissa Scalia Margolis, Stephen Hershovitz, Jerry Kolb, Laura Morley, Rebecca L. TI A Systematic Review of Housing Interventions and Health: Introduction, Methods, and Summary Findings SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Review DE health; housing; intervention; prevention AB Subject matter experts systematically reviewed evidence on the effectiveness of specific housing interventions in improving health. The panelists reviewed housing interventions associated with exposure to biological and chemical agents, structural injury hazards, and community-level interventions. Intervention studies were grouped together according to recommendations in the Guide to Community Preventive Services, which identifies similarities in the type of intervention, its delivery and setting, and the target population. Review panelists found that 11 interventions had sufficient evidence of effectiveness, 15 required more field evaluation, 19 needed formative research, and 7 either had no evidence of effectiveness or were ineffective. Although many housing conditions are associated with adverse health outcomes, sufficient evidence now shows that specific housing interventions can improve certain health outcomes. The results of these evidence reviews can inform a robust agenda for widespread implementation and further research. This article highlights the project's research methods and summary findings, and its companion articles detail the evidence reviews for specific housing interventions. C1 [Jacobs, David E.; Morley, Rebecca L.] Natl Ctr Healthy Housing, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Brown, Mary Jean; Baeder, Andrea; Sucosky, Marissa Scalia; Hershovitz, Jerry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Margolis, Stephen] Emory Univ, Rollins Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kolb, Laura] US EPA, Indoor Environm Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Jacobs, DE (reprint author), Natl Ctr Healthy Housing, 10320 Little Patuxent Pkwy,Ste 500, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. EM djacobs@nchh.org NR 19 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 15 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 16 IS 5 SU S BP S5 EP S10 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3181e31d09 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 641EQ UT WOS:000281108000003 PM 20689375 ER PT J AU Krieger, J Jacobs, DE Ashley, PJ Baeder, A Chew, GL Dearborn, D Hynes, HP Miller, JD Morley, R Rabito, F Zeldin, DC AF Krieger, James Jacobs, David E. Ashley, Peter J. Baeder, Andrea Chew, Ginger L. Dearborn, Dorr Hynes, H. Patricia Miller, J. David Morley, Rebecca Rabito, Felicia Zeldin, Darryl C. TI Housing Interventions and Control of Asthma-Related Indoor Biologic Agents: A Review of the Evidence SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Review DE allergens; asthma; cockroaches; dust; housing; mice; mites; moisture; prevention; rats ID DUST MITE ALLERGEN; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; HEALTH WORKER INTERVENTION; INTEGRATED PEST-MANAGEMENT; IMPERMEABLE BED COVERS; LOW-INCOME; COCKROACH ALLERGEN; MOUSE ALLERGEN; MECHANICAL VENTILATION AB Subject matter experts systematically reviewed evidence on the effectiveness of housing interventions that affect health outcomes, primarily asthma, associated with exposure to moisture, mold, and allergens. Three of the 11 interventions reviewed had sufficient evidence for implementation: multifaceted, in-home, tailored interventions for reducing asthma morbidity; integrated pest management to reduce cockroach allergen; and combined elimination of moisture intrusion and leaks and removal of moldy items to reduce mold and respiratory symptoms. Four interventions needed more field evaluation, 1 needed formative research, and 3 either had no evidence of effectiveness or were ineffective. The 3 interventions with sufficient evidence all applied multiple, integrated strategies. This evidence review shows that selected interventions that improve housing conditions will reduce morbidity from asthma and respiratory allergies. C1 [Krieger, James] Publ Health Seattle & King Cty, Chron Dis & Injury Prevent Sect, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Jacobs, David E.; Morley, Rebecca] Natl Ctr Healthy Housing, Columbia, MD USA. [Ashley, Peter J.] US Dept Housing & Urban Dev, Off Healthy Homes & Lead Hazard Control, Washington, DC USA. [Baeder, Andrea; Chew, Ginger L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dearborn, Dorr] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Hynes, H. Patricia] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Miller, J. David] Carleton Univ, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Rabito, Felicia] Tulane Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Zeldin, Darryl C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Krieger, J (reprint author), Publ Health Seattle & King Cty, Chron Dis & Injury Prevent Sect, Chinook Bldg,Ste 900,401 5th Ave, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM james.krieger@kingcounty.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA ES025041-16]; NIEHS NIH HHS [P30 ES 009089, P30 ES009089] NR 99 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 18 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 16 IS 5 SU S BP S11 EP S20 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3181ddcbd9 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 641EQ UT WOS:000281108000004 PM 20689369 ER PT J AU Mason, J Brown, MJ AF Mason, Jacquelyn Brown, Mary Jean TI Estimates of Costs for Housing-Related Interventions to Prevent Specific Illnesses and Deaths SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE cost-benefit analysis; cost-effectiveness analysis; economic analysis; economic evaluation; economics; healthy housing ID INTEGRATED PEST-MANAGEMENT; PUBLIC-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; US CHILDREN; DOMESTIC PROPERTIES; RADON MITIGATION; ECONOMIC-IMPACT; LUNG-CANCER; ASTHMA; LEAD AB Public health is embracing economic analyses in an effort to use limited resources in the most efficient manner. However, users of economic analyses in the public health arena should recognize the inherent strengths and weaknesses of different types of analysis, as well as understand how the inclusion or omission of certain costs or benefits might influence study results. For example, asthma is a chronic condition that can result in health care costs that accrue well beyond the duration of a housing intervention. Thus, an economic analysis that omits long-term health care costs can underestimate the total economic benefit of the housing intervention. This article contains reviews of economic articles on housing interventions published in PubMed, examines salient differences between studies, and discusses pertinent gaps in the literature. In addition, this article attempts to provide an overview of key economic evaluation methods in relation to housing interventions to a target audience of local and state public health practitioners. Specific housing-related health issues discussed include asthma, lead, and carbon monoxide poisoning and radon-related lung cancer. C1 [Mason, Jacquelyn; Brown, Mary Jean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Mason, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS-F60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM zao4@cdc.gov NR 64 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 16 IS 5 SU S BP S79 EP S89 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3181e28b2e PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 641EQ UT WOS:000281108000013 PM 20689380 ER PT J AU Meyer, PA AF Meyer, Pamela A. TI Healthier Homes for a Healthier Nation SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Surveillance Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Coordinating Ctr Environm Hlth & Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Meyer, PA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Surveillance Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Coordinating Ctr Environm Hlth & Injury Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pmeyer@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 16 IS 5 SU S BP S1 EP S2 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3181f5241a PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 641EQ UT WOS:000281108000001 PM 20689368 ER PT J AU Sandel, M Baeder, A Bradman, A Hughes, J Mitchell, C Shaughnessy, R Takaro, TK Jacobs, DE AF Sandel, Megan Baeder, Andrea Bradman, Asa Hughes, Jack Mitchell, Clifford Shaughnessy, Richard Takaro, Tim K. Jacobs, David E. TI Housing Interventions and Control of Health-Related Chemical Agents: A Review of the Evidence SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Review DE chemicals; housing; integrated pest management; lead poisoning; radon; secondhand smoke; ventilation ID BLOOD LEAD LEVELS; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; LUNG-CANCER; INTELLECTUAL IMPAIRMENT; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; RESIDENTIAL RADON; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; SECONDHAND SMOKE; YOUNG-CHILDREN; TOBACCO-SMOKE AB Subject matter experts systematically reviewed evidence on the effectiveness of housing interventions that affect health outcomes associated with exposure to chemical agents, such as pesticides, lead, volatile organic compounds, as well as the radon gas. Particulates were also examined, and the role of ventilation on exposures was assessed. The review included both published literature and peer-reviewed reports from the US Environmental Protection Agency. Four of the 14 interventions reviewed had sufficient evidence to demonstrate their effectiveness and are ready for implementation: radon air mitigation by using active soil depressurization systems, integrated pest management to reduce exposures to pesticides, smoke-free home policies making indoor areas smoke-free (ie, no smoking allowed anywhere at any time), and residential lead hazard control. Four interventions needed more field evaluation, 3 needed formative research, and 3 either had no sufficient evidence of effectiveness or had evidence the interventions were ineffective. This evidence review shows that housing improvements are likely to help reduce radon-induced lung cancer, cardiovascular mortality related to secondhand smoke, and neurological effects from exposure to pesticides and lead paint. Investing in housing interventions may yield important savings from reduced disease and injury from avoidable exposures to chemical agents. C1 [Sandel, Megan] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Baeder, Andrea] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bradman, Asa] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth Res, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hughes, Jack] Auburn Univ, So Reg Radon Training Ctr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Mitchell, Clifford] Infect Dis & Environm Hlth Adm, Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Shaughnessy, Richard] Univ Tulsa, Indoor Air Program, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA. [Takaro, Tim K.] Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Jacobs, David E.] Ctr Healthy Housing, Columbia, MD USA. RP Sandel, M (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Med, 88 E Newton St,Vose Hall,3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM megan.sandel@bmc.org RI Mitchell, Clifford/K-3936-2015 NR 87 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 35 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 16 IS 5 SU S BP S24 EP S33 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3181e3cc2a PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 641EQ UT WOS:000281108000006 PM 20689371 ER PT J AU Hamir, AN Rupprecht, CE AF Hamir, Amir N. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Pulmonary Idiopathic Alveolar Ossification in a Raccoon (Procyon lotor) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DOG AB Here we describe gross and histopathologic findings in a laboratory-confined adult male raccoon (Procyon lotor) with microscopic ossified areas in pulmonary alveoli. At the time of necropsy, gross lesions were present in the kidneys and in one thyroid gland. Noteworthy microscopic findings included multifocal foci of osseous tissue within the alveoli of the lungs, bilateral thyroid adenomas, pancreatic islet cell amyloidosis, cortical kidney infarcts, cystic adenomatous hyperplasia of urinary bladder, and mineralizations (psommama bodies) of small blood vessels of meninges and choroid plexus. Pulmonary ossification in raccoons has not been reported previously. The other histopathologic lesions have been documented to occur as incidental findings in raccoons and do not appear to have any apparent association with the formation of osseous foci in the lungs of the animal described. C1 [Hamir, Amir N.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Vet Med & Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hamir, AN (reprint author), Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Vet Med & Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM ahamir@mdanderson.org NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 49 IS 5 BP 642 EP 643 PG 2 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 652CG UT WOS:000281977900014 PM 20858368 ER PT J AU Muller, P AF Muller, P. TI Average Weight Gain of Aotus Primates from Birth to Two Years of Age SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Muller, P.] CDC, ARB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 49 IS 5 BP 693 EP 693 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 652CG UT WOS:000281977900142 ER PT J AU Vyas, D Mayfield, KL AF Vyas, D. Mayfield, K. L. TI Visual Aid for Creating Enrichment Items SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Vyas, D.; Mayfield, K. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci & Res, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vyas, D.] P3S Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 49 IS 5 BP 705 EP 705 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 652CG UT WOS:000281977900182 ER PT J AU Mayfield, KL Livingston, LG Kirby, DW AF Mayfield, K. L. Livingston, L. G. Kirby, D. W. TI Floor Housing Rabbits to Promote Weight Loss and Species-Specific Behaviors SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mayfield, K. L.; Livingston, L. G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Anim Resources Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kirby, D. W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 49 IS 5 BP 706 EP 707 PG 2 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 652CG UT WOS:000281977900187 ER PT J AU Gumbis, SA Scarborough, K Mothershed, E AF Gumbis, S. A. Scarborough, K. Mothershed, E. TI Post Approval Monitoring in High-Containment Laboratories SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gumbis, S. A.; Scarborough, K.; Mothershed, E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 49 IS 5 BP 708 EP 708 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 652CG UT WOS:000281977900192 ER PT J AU Banta, H Thompson, M Archer, R AF Banta, H. Thompson, M. Archer, R. TI Back to Basics: Focusing on Basic Hygiene to Prevent Transmission of Human Diseases to Animals in a Nonhuman Primate Research Facility SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Banta, H.; Thompson, M.] Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Archer, R.] Ctr Dis Control, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Archer, R.] Georgia Dept Human Resources, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 49 IS 5 BP 718 EP 718 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 652CG UT WOS:000281977900222 ER PT J AU Kent, RJ Reiche, ASG Morales-Betoulle, ME Komar, N AF Kent, Rebekah J. Gonzalez Reiche, Ana Silvia Eugenia Morales-Betoulle, Maria Komar, Nicholas TI COMPARISON OF ENGORGED CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS COLLECTION AND BLOOD-FEEDING PATTERN AMONG FOUR MOSQUITO COLLECTION METHODS IN PUERTO BARRIOS, GUATEMALA, 2007 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Culex quinquefasciatus; blood feeding; Guatemala; mosquito collection AB Investigators have used a variety of techniques to sample resting, engorged mosquitoes for the purposes of studying mosquito blood-feeding behavior. However, evidence exists that mosquito blood-feeding patterns may vary according to collection method. Engorged mosquitoes were collected from rural and urban habitats after the 2007 dry (July) and wet (December) seasons in the Department of Izabal, Guatemala, with the use of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light traps, gravid traps, and aspiration from plastic pots and vegetation. We evaluated the utility of plastic pots as sampling tools for engorged Culex mosquitoes and compared Cx. quinquefasciatus blood host identities among collection methods. The array of vertebrate hosts supplying blood to Cx. quinquefasciatus did not differ significantly by method of collection. The density of engorged Cx. quinquefasciatus per trap-night was not significantly different between CDC light traps, gravid traps, and plastic pots; however, there was a significantly higher proportion of total mosquitoes that were engorged collected from pots than from either CDC light traps or gravid traps. C1 [Kent, Rebekah J.; Komar, Nicholas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Arbovirus Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Gonzalez Reiche, Ana Silvia; Eugenia Morales-Betoulle, Maria] Univ Valle Guatemala, Ctr Estudios Salud, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala. RP Kent, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Arbovirus Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RI Kading, Rebekah/E-5633-2017; OI Kading, Rebekah/0000-0002-4996-915X; Gonzalez-Reiche, Ana/0000-0003-3583-4497 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50/CCU021236-01]; Robert E. Shope International Fellowship in Infectious Diseases FX For assistance with mosquito collection, identification, and laboratory processing we thank Alfonso Salam, Bernarda Molina, Danilo Alvarez, Silvia Sosa, Maria L. Muller, Maria Lourdes Monzon, and Claudia Paiz. Home- and landowners are acknowledged for the permission to work on their properties. Statistical consultation was provided by Brad Biggerstaff. This research was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cooperative Agreement U50/CCU021236-01 between the CDC and the Universidad de Valle del Guatemala, and a Robert E. Shope International Fellowship in Infectious Diseases to RJK. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 26 IS 3 BP 332 EP 336 DI 10.2987/09-5953.1 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA V24DP UT WOS:000208391400014 PM 21033062 ER PT J AU Corrigan, JD Bogner, J Hungerford, DW Schomer, K AF Corrigan, John D. Bogner, Jennifer Hungerford, Daniel W. Schomer, Katherine TI Screening and Brief Intervention for Substance Misuse Among Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Review DE Craniocerebral trauma; Substance-related disorder; Brief intervention ID BRIEF MOTIVATIONAL INTERVENTION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ALCOHOL HEALTH WORKER; AT-RISK DRINKING; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT; BRIEF ADVICE; PREVENTIVE-SERVICES; HAZARDOUS DRINKERS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; YOUNG-ADULTS AB Background: Research on screening and brief interventions (SBI) for substance misuse has demonstrated efficacy in a variety of medical settings including emergency departments and trauma centers. However, SBI has not yet been evaluated for persons who incur traumatic brain injury (TBI)-a substantial patient subpopulation for whom substance-related problems are frequent. To examine whether research on SBI efficacy and effectiveness can be generalized to persons with TBI, a systematic review of the literature was conducted to analyze how TBI populations were included in previous studies and whether there was evidence of differential outcomes. Methods: Peer-reviewed studies that investigated SBI for misuse of alcohol or other drugs, that were implemented in emergency departments or trauma centers, and that were published in English since 1985 were examined. From 174 articles initially identified, 28 studies were determined to meet inclusion criteria. Results: The review revealed that research conducted on SBI for injury populations systematically neglected patients with more severe TBI and those who presented with sufficient confusion that they could not provide informed consent. Conclusions: Future effectiveness studies should examine barriers to routine clinical use of SBI and evaluate the generalizability of expected benefits to the full spectrum of injured patients. Researchers should also develop and evaluate systematic accommodations for persons with neurobehavioral impairments who would benefit from brief interventions for substance misuse. C1 [Corrigan, John D.; Bogner, Jennifer] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Hungerford, Daniel W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Injury Res, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schomer, Katherine] Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med, Model Syst Knowledge Translat Ctr, Ctr Technol & Disabil Studies, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Corrigan, JD (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, 480 Med Ctr Dr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM corrigan.1@osu.edu RI Corrigan, John/E-2921-2011 FU Department of Education, NIDRR [H133A070029, H133A060070] FX Supported by grants from the Department of Education, NIDRR grants number H133A070029 and H133A060070. NR 52 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD SEP PY 2010 VL 69 IS 3 BP 722 EP 726 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e3181e904cc PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 649HX UT WOS:000281760800055 PM 20838145 ER PT J AU Al-Tawfiq, JA Clark, TA Memish, ZA AF Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. Clark, Thomas A. Memish, Ziad A. TI Meningococcal Disease: The Organism, Clinical Presentation, and Worldwide Epidemiology SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MENINGITIDIS SEROGROUP W135; C CONJUGATE VACCINE; UNITED-STATES; SAUDI-ARABIA; BACTERIAL-MENINGITIS; HUMAN IMMUNITY; BURKINA-FASO; SOUTH-AFRICA; SAO-PAULO; OUTBREAK C1 [Memish, Ziad A.] Minist Hlth, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.] Saudi Aramco Med Serv Org, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. [Clark, Thomas A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Memish, ZA (reprint author), Minist Hlth, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. EM zmemish@yahoo.com NR 79 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 17 SU 1 BP 3 EP 8 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2010.00448.x PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 651BO UT WOS:000281899800002 PM 20849427 ER PT J AU Han, P Balaban, V Marano, C AF Han, Pauline Balaban, Victor Marano, Cinzia TI Travel Characteristics and Risk-Taking Attitudes in Youths Traveling to Nonindustrialized Countries SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SENSATION SEEKING; HEALTH RISKS; SCALE AB Background. International travel to developing countries is increasing with rising levels of disposable income; this trend is seen in both adults and children. Risk-taking attitude is fundamental to research on the prevention of risky health behaviors, which can be an indicator of the likelihood of experiencing illness or injury during travel. The aim of this study is to investigate whether risk-taking attitudes of youths are associated with travel characteristics and likelihood of experiencing illness or injury while traveling to nonindustrialized countries. Methods. Data were analyzed from the 2008 YouthStyles survey, an annual mail survey gathering demographics and health knowledge, attitudes, and practices of individuals from 9 through 18 years of age. Travelers were defined as respondents who reported traveling in the last 12 months to a destination other than the United States, Canada, Europe, Japan, Australia, or New Zealand. Risk-taking attitude was measured by using a four-item Brief Sensation-Seeking Scale. All p values <= 0.05 were considered significant. Results. Of 1,704 respondents, 131 (7.7%) traveled in the last 12 months. Females and those with higher household income were more likely to travel (odds ratio = 1.6, 1.1). Of those who traveled, 16.7% reported seeking pretravel medical care, with most visiting a family doctor for that care (84.0%). However, one-fifth of respondents reported illness and injury during travel; of these, 83.3% traveled with their parents. Males and older youths had higher mean sensation-seeking scores. Further, travelers had a higher mean sensation-seeking score than nontravelers. Those who did not seek pretravel medical care also had higher mean sensation-seeking scores (p = 0.1, not significant). Conclusions. Our results show an association between risk-taking attitudes and youth travel behavior. However, adult supervision during travel and parental directives prior to travel should be taken into consideration. Communication messages should emphasize the importance of pretravel advice, target parents of children who are traveling, and be communicated through family doctors. C1 [Han, Pauline; Balaban, Victor; Marano, Cinzia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Travelers Hlth Branch, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Han, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Travelers Hlth Branch, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM phan@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 17 IS 5 BP 316 EP 321 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2010.00444.x PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 643HT UT WOS:000281286900005 PM 20920052 ER PT J AU Gutman, J Guarner, J AF Gutman, Julie Guarner, Jeanette TI Pediatric Malaria: 8-Year Case Series in Atlanta, Georgia, and Review of the Literature SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IMPORTED MALARIA; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; TRAVELERS; SURVEILLANCE; DIAGNOSIS; FEVER AB Background. Although malaria is frequent in travelers, it is often misdiagnosed on initial presentation, especially in children. The objective of this study is to describe epidemiology, clinical and laboratory presentation, and treatment of children with malaria in the United States. Methods. We performed a retrospective review of 50 confirmed cases of malaria from two pediatric metropolitan hospitals in Atlanta, GA, from 2000 to 2008. Results. Malarial smears were performed in 385 unique patients; 50 (12.6%) were positive. American children who had visited family and friends in malaria-endemic countries comprised 62% of our cases. Most cases visited Nigeria or Cameroon; all but three traveled to Africa. Three patients presented 8 to 12 months following travel. Plasmodium falciparum was diagnosed most frequently (72%). Most patients had low-level parasitemia (<1%). Gametocytes were rarely identified. Treatment was primarily with quinine and either doxycycline or clindamycin, and transfusion was rare. All patients responded rapidly to treatment. Although seven (14%) had hyperparasitemia (>5%), no fatalities or long-term sequelae were seen. Conclusions. Malarial diagnosis can be difficult in children because parasitemia is usually below 1%. A high index of suspicion is required in patients who have traveled to Africa. C1 [Gutman, Julie] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Gutman, Julie] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gutman, Julie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Guarner, Jeanette] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Gutman, J (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, 2015 Uppergate Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM gutmanjr@gmail.com RI Guarner, Jeannette/B-8273-2013 FU National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR025008, KL2 RR025009] FX J. Gutman was supported in part by PHS Grant UL1 RR025008 and KL2 RR025009 from the Clinical and Translational Science Award program, National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 17 IS 5 BP 334 EP 338 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2010.00434.x PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 643HT UT WOS:000281286900008 PM 20920055 ER PT J AU Markland, AD Goode, PS Redden, DT Borrud, LG Burgio, KL AF Markland, Alayne D. Goode, Patricia S. Redden, David T. Borrud, Lori G. Burgio, Kathryn L. TI Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence in Men: Results From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE urinary incontinence; male; prevalence; epidemiology; prostatic diseases ID OVERACTIVE BLADDER; TRACT SYMPTOMS; UNITED-STATES; RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; OLDER-ADULTS; US WOMEN; POPULATION; SEVERITY; PREDICTORS; DEPRESSION AB Purpose: We estimated the prevalence of urinary incontinence in the United States adult male population and identified associated factors. Materials and Methods: Data were analyzed for 5,297 men 20 years old or older who participated in the 2005 to 2006 and 2007 to 2008 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey of the United States noninstitutionalized population. Urinary incontinence (score of 3 or greater on a validated incontinence severity index, indicating moderate to severe leakage) was assessed. Potential associated factors included age, race/ethnicity, education, self-reported health status, prior diagnosis of prostate cancer and/or enlarged prostate (men 40 years old or older), chronic diseases and depression status. Prevalence ORs were estimated from a multivariable logistic regression analysis using appropriate sampling weights. Results: The prevalence of moderate/severe urinary incontinence was 4.5% (95% CI 3.8, 5.4). Prevalence increased with age from 0.7% (95% CI 0.4, 1.6) in men 20 to 34 years old, to 16.0% (95% CI 13.0, 19.4) in men 75 years old or older (p <0.001). We found no difference in prevalence by racial/ethnic group (p = 0.38). Factors significantly associated (p <0.05) with urinary incontinence were age (per 10-year increase, OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.6, 2.0), major depression (OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.6, 4.0) and hypertension (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1, 1.5). Conclusions: Age and race adjusted prevalence estimates for urinary incontinence in men are consistent with other estimates using a similar definition. To our knowledge this is the first study that identifies factors associated with moderate to severe urinary incontinence in men. C1 [Markland, Alayne D.; Goode, Patricia S.; Redden, David T.; Burgio, Kathryn L.] Univ Alabama, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Birmingham Atlanta Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. [Markland, Alayne D.; Goode, Patricia S.; Redden, David T.; Burgio, Kathryn L.] Univ Alabama, Sch Med, Birmingham, AL USA. [Markland, Alayne D.; Goode, Patricia S.; Burgio, Kathryn L.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Aging, Birmingham, AL USA. [Redden, David T.] Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Borrud, Lori G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Markland, AD (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, GRECC-11G,700 19th St S, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. EM amarkland@aging.uab.edu OI Markland, Alayne/0000-0002-6567-6744 NR 28 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 184 IS 3 BP 1022 EP 1027 DI 10.1016/j.juro.2010.05.025X PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 636IP UT WOS:000280725600060 PM 20643440 ER PT J AU Cogswell, ME Power, ML Sharma, AJ Schulkin, J AF Cogswell, Mary E. Power, Michael L. Sharma, Andrea J. Schulkin, Jay TI Prevention and Management of Obesity in Nonpregnant Women and Adolescents: Beliefs and Practices of US Obstetricians and Gynecologists SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY-CARE; HEALTH-CARE; PHYSICIANS PRACTICES; PREGNANCY; METAANALYSIS; OVERWEIGHT; ATTITUDES; PATTERNS; ADVICE; TRIAL AB Objective: To describe associations between dissemination of educational materials and U. S. obstetrician/gynecologists' prevention and management of obesity in nonpregnant patients. Methods: Cross-sectional surveys mailed to 806 and 787 members of the American College of Obstetrician and Gynecologists (ACOG) Collaborative Ambulatory Research Network in February-April 2005 and March-May 2007, respectively, before and after dissemination of ACOG Committee Opinions. Results: Compared with participants in 2005 (n=437), the proportion of participants in 2007 (n=433) who reported they would screen nonpregnant adult patients using body mass index (BMI), counsel patients most of the time about physical activity, and ever prescribed weight loss medications increased from 84% to 91%, 48% to 55%, and 40% to 48%, respectively (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). In contrast, reported frequencies of counseling or referring nonpregnant patients for weight control were not significantly different (p > 0.05). In 2007, 33% reported counseling most of the time, and 70% reported referral at least sometimes. A lower proportion of 2007 participants indicated it was likely or very likely that patients would follow advice about physical activity or diet or they can help patients lose weight (p < 0.01 for all comparisons). For adolescent patients, 43% and 24% of participants reported counseling most of the time about physical activity and sedentary activity, respectively. Reported frequency of counseling patients about activity, counseling adult patients about weight control, and prescribing medications was higher among obstetrician/gynecologists who reported reading the Committee Opinions. Conclusions: Despite decreased optimism about the likelihood of patients following advice, modest improvements occurred in some obstetrician/gynecologists' obesity prevention practices between 2005 and 2007. C1 [Cogswell, Mary E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Power, Michael L.; Schulkin, Jay] Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Dept Res, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Sharma, Andrea J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cogswell, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mec0@cdc.gov OI Power, Michael/0000-0002-6120-3528; Sharma, Andrea/0000-0003-0385-0011 FU Maternal and Child Health Bureau (Title V, Social Security Act) [R60 MC 05674]; Health Resources and Services Administration; Department of Health and Human Services; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by grant R60 MC 05674 from Maternal and Child Health Bureau (Title V, Social Security Act), Health Resources and Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services, and grant support from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD SEP PY 2010 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1625 EP 1634 DI 10.1089/jwh.2009.1838 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 646BQ UT WOS:000281510300005 PM 20662628 ER PT J AU Matjasko, JL Needham, BL Grunden, LN Farb, AF AF Matjasko, Jennifer L. Needham, Belinda L. Grunden, Leslie N. Farb, Amy Feldman TI Violent Victimization and Perpetration During Adolescence: Developmental Stage Dependent Ecological Models SO JOURNAL OF YOUTH AND ADOLESCENCE LA English DT Article DE Violence; Ecological; Developmental ID COMMUNITY VIOLENCE; FAMILY PROCESSES; DELINQUENCY; EXPOSURE; DISADVANTAGE; BEHAVIOR; MALTREATMENT; NETWORKS; YOUTH AB Using a variant of the ecological-transactional model and developmental theories of delinquency on a nationally representative sample of adolescents, the current study explored the ecological predictors of violent victimization, perpetration, and both for three different developmental stages during adolescence. We examined the relative influence of individual and family characteristics, peers, and neighborhood characteristics on the odds of experiencing violent victimization and perpetration over time with two waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health for those adolescents who reported no exposure to violence at Wave 1 (N = 8,267; 50% female; 59% Caucasian; 17% African-American; 14% Hispanic). We found that more proximal factors differentiated between different experiences with violence at Wave 2. Also, negative peers significantly differentiated between violent victimization and perpetration, and this influence was strongest in early adolescence. In exploratory analyses, we found that middle adolescents were particularly vulnerable to their disadvantaged neighborhoods for a high-risk group. This analysis is one of the few that considers multiple ecological contexts simultaneously and provides support for developmental differences within adolescence on the influence that peers and neighborhoods have in predicting violent victimization and perpetration. C1 [Matjasko, Jennifer L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Needham, Belinda L.] Univ Alabama, Dept Sociol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Grunden, Leslie N.; Farb, Amy Feldman] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Matjasko, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS-F64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jmatjasko@cdc.gov; bneedham@uab.edu; GrundenLN@mail.utexas.edu; Amy.Farb@ed.gov FU NICHD NIH HHS [P01-HD31921] NR 50 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0047-2891 J9 J YOUTH ADOLESCENCE JI J. Youth Adolesc. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 39 IS 9 BP 1053 EP 1066 DI 10.1007/s10964-010-9508-7 PG 14 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA 624RC UT WOS:000279836600006 PM 20111894 ER PT J AU Nol, P Kato, C Reeves, WK Rhyan, J Spraker, T Gidlewski, T VerCauteren, K Salman, M AF Nol, Pauline Kato, Cecilia Reeves, Will K. Rhyan, Jack Spraker, Terry Gidlewski, Thomas VerCauteren, Kurt Salman, Mo TI EPIZOOTIC HEMORRHAGIC DISEASE OUTBREAK IN A CAPTIVE FACILITY HOUSING WHITE-TAILED DEER (ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS), BISON (BISON BISON), ELK (CERVUS ELAPHUS), CATTLE (BOS TAURUS), AND GOATS (CAPRA HIRCUS) IN COLORADO, USA SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Bison; Bison bison; cattle; Bos taurus; elk; Cervus claphus; epizootic hemorrhagic disease; goat; Capra hircus; white-tailed deer; Odocoileus virginianus ID MICROBIAL PATHOGENS; ENZOOTIC STABILITY; SEROLOGIC SURVEY; MULE DEER; VIRUS; BLUETONGUE; PCR; AMERICAN; ARIZONA; KANSAS AB An ungulate research facility in Fort Collins, Colorado, USA, experienced mortality in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) because of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) infection from 20 August 2007 through 26 September 2007. Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and virus isolation from the spleen and lung tissues of two white-tailed deer. Virus neutralization tests were performed on pre- and postoutbreak sera from other species maintained in the same facility, including bison (Bison bison), elk (Cervus elaphus), domestic cattle (Bos taurus), and domestic goats (Capra hircus), as well as postoutbreak sera from the surviving white-tailed deer. Serum samples that represented all species in the facility neutralized EHDV-1 and EHDV-2 either before or after the outbreak. The animals that neutralized EHDV-1 did not neutralize EHDV-2. No clinical signs attributable to EHDV infection were noted in any of the species other than the deer during the outbreak. Although experimental EHDV infections have been reported in bison and elk, natural exposures have not been previously documented in these species in North America. The roles that elk, bison, cattle, and goats might play in the epidemiology of EHDV in a close-contact multispecies situation remain unknown. C1 [Nol, Pauline; Rhyan, Jack] Vet Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Gidlewski, Thomas; VerCauteren, Kurt] APHIS Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Kato, Cecilia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reeves, Will K.] USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Laramie, WY 82072 USA. [Spraker, Terry] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Nol, Pauline; Salman, Mo] Colorado State Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Nol, P (reprint author), Vet Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Washington, DC USA. EM pauline.nol@aphis.usda.gov NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 41 IS 3 BP 510 EP 515 DI 10.1638/2009-0216.1 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 651EC UT WOS:000281906500018 PM 20945651 ER PT J AU Hayes, DK Ta, VM Hurwitz, EL Mitchell-Box, KM Fuddy, LJ AF Hayes, Donald K. Ta, Van M. Hurwitz, Eric L. Mitchell-Box, Kristen M. Fuddy, Loretta J. TI Disparities in Self-Reported Postpartum Depression among Asian, Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Women in Hawaii: Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), 2004-2007 SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Postpartum depression; Asian; Pacific Islanders; Hawaiian; Women; Disparities ID COMORBIDITY SURVEY REPLICATION; PRIMARY-CARE; POSTNATAL DEPRESSION; DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MENTAL-HEALTH; SYMPTOMS; PREVALENCE; COMMUNITY; MOTHERS AB Postpartum depression affects 10-20% of women and causes significant morbidity and mortality among mothers, children, families, and society, but little is known about postpartum depression among the individual Asian and Pacific Islander racial/ethnic groups. This study sought to indentify the prevalence of postpartum depression among common Asian and Pacific Islander racial/ethnic groups. Data from the Hawaii Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System (PRAMS), a population-based surveillance system on maternal behaviors and experiences before, during, and after the birth of a live infant, were analyzed from 2004 through 2007 and included 7,154 women. Questions on mood and interest in activities since giving birth were combined to create a measure of Self-reported Postpartum Depressive Symptoms (SRPDS). A series of generalized logit models with maternal race or ethnicity adjusted for other sociodemographic characteristics evaluated associations between SRPDS and an intermediate level of symptoms as possible indicators of possible SRPDS. Of all women in Hawaii with a recent live birth, 14.5% had SRPDS, and 30.1% had possible SRPDS. The following Asian and Pacific Islander racial or ethnic groups were studied and found to have higher odds of SRPDS compared with white women: Korean (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.8;95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.0-4.0), Filipino (AOR = 2.2;95% CI: 1.7-2.8), Chinese (AOR = 2.0;95% CI: 1.5-2.7), Samoan (AOR = 1.9;95% CI: 1.2-3.2), Japanese (AOR = 1.6;95% CI: 1.2-2.2), Hawaiian (AOR = 1.7;95% CI: 1.3-2.1), other Asian (AOR = 3.3;95% CI: 1.9-5.9), other Pacific Islander (AOR = 2.2;95% CI: 1.5-3.4), and Hispanic (AOR = 1.9;95% CI: 1.1-3.4). Women who had unintended pregnancies (AOR = 1.4;95% CI: 1.2-1.6), experienced intimate partner violence (AOR = 3.7;95% CI: 2.6-5.5), smoked (AOR = 1.5;95% CI: 1.2-2.0), used illicit drugs (AOR = 1.9;95% CI: 1.3-3.9), or received Women, Infant, and Children (WIC) benefits during pregnancy (AOR = 1.4;95% CI: 1.2-2.6) were more likely to have SRPDS. Several groups also were at increased risk for possible SRPDS, although this risk was not as prominent as seen with the risk for SRPDS. One in seven women reported SRPDS, and close to a third reported possible SRPDS. Messages about postpartum depression should be incorporated into current programs to improve screening, treatment, and prevention of SRPDS for women at risk. C1 [Hayes, Donald K.; Mitchell-Box, Kristen M.; Fuddy, Loretta J.] Family Hlth Serv Div, Hawaii Dept Hlth, Honolulu, HI 96816 USA. [Hayes, Donald K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ta, Van M.; Hurwitz, Eric L.; Mitchell-Box, Kristen M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Off Publ Hlth Studies, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Hayes, DK (reprint author), Family Hlth Serv Div, Hawaii Dept Hlth, 3652 Kilauea Ave, Honolulu, HI 96816 USA. EM Don.Hayes@doh.hawaii.gov NR 37 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 EI 1573-6628 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 14 IS 5 BP 765 EP 773 DI 10.1007/s10995-009-0504-z PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 641DU UT WOS:000281105700015 PM 19653084 ER PT J AU Quan, PL Firth, C Street, C Henriquez, JA Petrosov, A Tashmukhamedova, A Hutchison, SK Egholm, M Osinubi, MOV Niezgoda, M Ogunkoya, AB Briese, T Rupprecht, CE Lipkin, WI AF Quan, Phenix-Lan Firth, Cadhla Street, Craig Henriquez, Jose A. Petrosov, Alexandra Tashmukhamedova, Alla Hutchison, Stephen K. Egholm, Michael Osinubi, Modupe O. V. Niezgoda, Michael Ogunkoya, Albert B. Briese, Thomas Rupprecht, Charles E. Lipkin, W. Ian TI Identification of a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-Like Virus in a Leaf-Nosed Bat in Nigeria SO MBIO LA English DT Article ID SARS CORONAVIRUS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY; ACCESSORY PROTEIN; SPIKE PROTEIN; GENOME; PREDICTION; RESERVOIRS; CLEAVAGE; SEQUENCE AB Bats are reservoirs for emerging zoonotic viruses that can have a profound impact on human and animal health, including lyssaviruses, filoviruses, paramyxoviruses, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses (SARS-CoVs). In the course of a project focused on pathogen discovery in contexts where human-bat contact might facilitate more efficient interspecies transmission of viruses, we surveyed gastrointestinal tissue obtained from bats collected in caves in Nigeria that are frequented by humans. Coronavirus consensus PCR and unbiased high-throughput pyrosequencing revealed the presence of coronavirus sequences related to those of SARS-CoV in a Commerson's leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros commersoni). Additional genomic sequencing indicated that this virus, unlike subgroup 2b CoVs, which includes SARS-CoV, is unique, comprising three overlapping open reading frames between the Mand N genes and two conserved stem-loop II motifs. Phylogenetic analyses in conjunction with these features suggest that this virus represents a new subgroup within group 2 CoVs. IMPORTANCE Bats (order Chiroptera, suborders Megachiroptera and Microchiroptera) are reservoirs for a wide range of viruses that cause diseases in humans and livestock, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), responsible for the global SARS outbreak in 2003. The diversity of viruses harbored by bats is only just beginning to be understood because of expanded wildlife surveillance and the development and application of new tools for pathogen discovery. This paper describes a new coronavirus, one with a distinctive genomic organization that may provide insights into coronavirus evolution and biology. C1 [Quan, Phenix-Lan; Firth, Cadhla; Street, Craig; Henriquez, Jose A.; Petrosov, Alexandra; Tashmukhamedova, Alla; Briese, Thomas; Lipkin, W. Ian] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Infect & Immun, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Osinubi, Modupe O. V.; Niezgoda, Michael; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ogunkoya, Albert B.] Ahmadu Bello Univ, Dept Vet Surg & Med, Zaria, Nigeria. RP Quan, PL (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Infect & Immun, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM pq2106@columbia.edu FU National Institutes of Health (Northeast Biodefense Center) [AI051292, AI57158]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [5R01AI079231-02]; U.S. Agency for International Development [GHNA 0009 0001 000]; U.S. Department of Defense FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants AI051292 and AI57158 (Northeast Biodefense Center; to W.I. Lipkin), a National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases grant (5R01AI079231-02), a U.S. Agency for International Development grant (PREDICT grant GHNA 0009 0001 000), and an award from the U.S. Department of Defense. NR 54 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 2150-7511 J9 MBIO JI mBio PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 1 IS 4 AR e00208-10 DI 10.1128/mBio.00208-10 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 686TG UT WOS:000284718000010 ER PT J AU Ford, ES Li, CY Zhao, GX Pearson, WS Tsai, J Churilla, JR AF Ford, Earl S. Li, Chaoyang Zhao, Guixiang Pearson, William S. Tsai, James Churilla, James R. TI Sedentary behavior, physical activity, and concentrations of insulin among US adults SO METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; FOOD-CONSUMPTION; VIEWING TIME; YOUNG-ADULTS; OBESITY; CHILDREN; INTERVENTION; ASSOCIATION; RESISTANCE; ADOLESCENTS AB Time spent watching television has been linked to obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes, all conditions characterized to some degree by hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. However, limited evidence relates screen time (watching television or using a computer) directly to concentrations of insulin We examined the cross-sectional associations between time spent watching television or using a computer, physical activity, and serum concentrations of insulin using data from 2800 participants aged at least 20 years of the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey The amount of time spent watching television and using a computer as well as physical activity was self-reported The unadjusted geometric mean concentration of insulin increased from 6 2 mu U/mL among participants who did not watch television to 10 0 mu U/mL among those who watched television for 5 or more hours per day (P = .001) After adjustment for age, sex, race or ethnicity, educational status, concentration of cotinine, alcohol intake, physical activity, waist circumference, and body mass index using multiple linear regression analysis, the log-transformed concentrations of insulin were significantly and positively associated with time spent watching television (P = < 001) Reported time spent using a computer was significantly associated with log-transformed concentrations of insulin before but not after accounting for waist circumference and body mass index Leisure-time physical activity but not transportation or household physical activity was significantly and inversely associated with log-transformed concentrations of insulin. Sedentary behavior, particularly the amount of time spent watching television, may be an important modifiable determinant of concentrations of insulin Published by Elsevier Inc C1 [Ford, Earl S.; Li, Chaoyang; Zhao, Guixiang; Pearson, William S.; Tsai, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Churilla, James R.] Univ N Florida, Brooks Coll Hlth, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 29 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0026-0495 J9 METABOLISM JI Metab.-Clin. Exp. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 59 IS 9 BP 1268 EP 1275 DI 10.1016/j.metabol.2009.11.020 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 645SY UT WOS:000281487700004 PM 20060142 ER PT J AU Maloney, EM Boneva, RS Lin, JMS Reeves, WC AF Maloney, Elizabeth M. Boneva, Roumiana S. Lin, Jin-Mann S. Reeves, William C. TI Chronic fatigue syndrome is associated with metabolic syndrome: results from a case-control study in Georgia SO METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article ID HIGH ALLOSTATIC LOAD; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; HEALTH; DISEASE; STRESS; SYSTEM; INFLAMMATION; DEFINITION; PREVALENCE; MACARTHUR AB We hypothesized that persons with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) would have a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome compared with well controls, and that unwell persons with insufficient symptoms or fatigue for CFS (termed ISF) would have a prevalence of metabolic syndrome intermediate between those with CFS and the controls We also sought to examine the relationship between metabolic syndrome and measures of functional impairment, fatigue, and other symptoms Our analysis was based on a population-based case-control study conducted in metropolitan, urban, and rural areas of Georgia, United States, between September 2004 and July 2005 There were 111 persons with CFS, 259 with ISF, and 123 controls. Metabolic syndrome was determined based on having at least 3 of 5 standard risk components (abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, high blood pressure, elevated fasting glucose, and decreased high-density lipids) according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III definition Persons with CFS were 2-fold as likely to have metabolic syndrome (odds ratio = 2 12, confidence interval = 1 06, 4 23) compared with the controls. There was a significant graded relationship between the number of metabolic syndrome factors and CFS, each additional factor was associated with a 37% increase in likelihood of having CFS The association of ISF. with metabolic syndrome was weaker (odds ratio = 1 72, confidence interval = 0 94-3.16) Among persons with CFS, the number of metabolic syndrome factors was significantly correlated with worse fatigue on a standardized summary measure of fatigue (r = 0 20, P = 04) In conclusion, CFS was associated with metabolic syndrome, which further exacerbated fatigue Published by Elsevier Inc C1 [Maloney, Elizabeth M.; Boneva, Roumiana S.; Lin, Jin-Mann S.; Reeves, William C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Maloney, EM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, MS-A15,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. FU US government FX This research was supported in its entirety by the US government. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agency. NR 39 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0026-0495 EI 1532-8600 J9 METABOLISM JI Metab.-Clin. Exp. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 59 IS 9 BP 1351 EP 1357 DI 10.1016/j.metabol.2009.12.019 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 645SY UT WOS:000281487700016 PM 20102774 ER PT J AU Hartgerink, BJ Chapman, LE Stevenson, J Donahue, TF Pagliara, C AF Hartgerink, Bradley J. Chapman, Louisa E. Stevenson, John Donahue, Timothy F. Pagliara, Claire TI Utilization of Surgical Resources During the USNS COMFORT Humanitarian Mission to the Americas, June to October 2007 SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ASSISTANCE AB In 2007, the United States Navy Ship (USNS) COMFORT (T-AH 20), a full-capability medical treatment facility, departed for Partnership for the Americas, her first large-scale humanitarian civic assistance (HCA) mission. Analysis of operational data describes surgical resource utilization. Lessons from previous military humanitarian assistance operations were helpful when placed in the cultural context of Latin America. Premission planning decisions that included time in each port and funding determined the services that were offered to host nations. Surgical, dental, immunizations, preventive medicine, and biomedical repair services had lasting impacts. COMFORT and similar hospital ships are a superior platform to combatant vessels in providing comprehensive surgical care. Medical planning is heavily dependent upon statistics. Collection of additional clinical data on subsequent HCA missions could aid future planning decisions regarding manning, equipment, supplies, and objectives. C1 [Hartgerink, Bradley J.; Pagliara, Claire] BUMED, Dept Navy, Washington, DC 20372 USA. [Chapman, Louisa E.; Stevenson, John] Centers Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Donahue, Timothy F.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Donahue, Timothy F.] USNS COMFORT T AH 20, Surg Serv Directorate, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. RP Hartgerink, BJ (reprint author), BUMED, Dept Navy, 2300 E Street NW, Washington, DC 20372 USA. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 175 IS 9 BP 638 EP + PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 649QH UT WOS:000281787200018 PM 20882925 ER PT J AU Leischow, SJ Luke, DA Mueller, N Harris, JK Ponder, P Marcus, S Clark, PI AF Leischow, Scott J. Luke, Douglas A. Mueller, Nancy Harris, Jenine K. Ponder, Paris Marcus, Stephen Clark, Pamela I. TI Mapping US government tobacco control leadership: Networked for success? SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MENTAL-HEALTH; SOCIAL NETWORKS; HIV-AIDS; SERVICES; SYSTEMS; CARE AB In order to better understand how tobacco control efforts are coordinated across agencies of the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), we assessed tobacco control-related communication between tobacco control leaders across DHHS. Cross-sectional surveys were collected from individuals representing 11 DHHS agencies, and social network analyses were used to assess linkages and map agencies' tobacco control communication. Individuals within the Office of the Secretary and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were most central to the network, and those of highest rank were most likely to be central to the network (F = 4.03, p = .024). The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Food and Drug Administration, Health Resources and Services Administration, and Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration had no or almost no contact with other agencies. There was considerable between-agency contact variability, and the CDC was the most central agency. Tobacco control communication across DHHS agencies was present but extremely variable. This inconsistency may compromise the ability of the DHHS to address tobacco use, a critical public health problem, in a coordinated and efficient fashion. In light of the new leadership at DHHS, this analysis describes a systems approach that can be reimplemented as a means of understanding and improving communication and collaboration to improve public health. C1 [Leischow, Scott J.] Univ Arizona, Arizona Canc Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. [Leischow, Scott J.; Ponder, Paris; Marcus, Stephen; Clark, Pamela I.] NCI, Tobacco Control Res Branch, Rockville, MD USA. [Luke, Douglas A.; Mueller, Nancy; Harris, Jenine K.] St Louis Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Luke, Douglas A.; Mueller, Nancy] Washington Univ, Ctr Tobacco Policy Res, St Louis, MO USA. [Ponder, Paris] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Healthy Homes Lead Poisoning Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Marcus, Stephen] Natl Inst Gen Med Sci, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Biol, Rockville, MD USA. [Clark, Pamela I.] Univ Maryland, Dept Publ & Community Hlth, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Leischow, SJ (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Arizona Canc Ctr, POB 245024, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. EM sleischow@azcc.arizona.edu OI Luke, Douglas/0000-0003-1332-8569 FU National Cancer Institute FX All financial support for this study came from the National Cancer Institute. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 12 IS 9 BP 888 EP 894 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntq112 PG 7 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 644BS UT WOS:000281346000003 PM 20688869 ER PT J AU Stommel, M Schoenborn, CA AF Stommel, Manfred Schoenborn, Charlotte A. TI Variations in BMI and Prevalence of Health Risks in Diverse Racial and Ethnic Populations SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; MODERATE ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; FOLLOW-UP; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; NATIONAL-HEALTH; OBESITY AB When examining health risks associated with the BMI, investigators often rely on the customary BMI thresholds of the 1995 World Health Organization report. However, within-interval variations in morbidity and mortality can be substantial, and the thresholds do not necessarily correspond to identifiable risk increases. Comparing the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD), asthma, and arthritis among non-Hispanic whites, blacks, East Asians and Hispanics, we examine differences in the BMI-health-risk relationships for small BMI increments. The analysis is based on 11 years of data of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), with a sample size of 337,375 for the combined 1997-2007 Sample Adult. The analysis uses multivariate logistic regression models, employing a nonparametric approach to modeling the BMI-health-risk relationship, while relying on narrowly defined BMI categories. Rising BMI levels are associated with higher levels of chronic disease burdens in four major racial and ethnic groups, even after adjusting for many socio-demographic characteristics and three important health-related behaviors (smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption). For all population groups, except East Asians, a modestly higher disease risk was noted for persons with a BMI <20 compared with persons with BMI in the range of 20-21. Using five chronic conditions as risk criteria, a categorization of the BMI into normal weight, overweight, or obesity appears arbitrary. Although the prevalence of disease risks differs among racial and ethnic groups regardless of BMI levels, the evidence presented here does not support the notion that the BMI-health-risk profile of East Asians and others warrants race-specific BMI cutoff points. C1 [Stommel, Manfred; Schoenborn, Charlotte A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Stommel, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM MStommel@cdc.gov NR 48 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD SEP PY 2010 VL 18 IS 9 BP 1821 EP 1826 DI 10.1038/oby.2009.472 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 646CE UT WOS:000281512400022 PM 20075855 ER PT J AU Parker, JD Liao, D Schenker, N Branum, A AF Parker, Jennifer D. Liao, Dan Schenker, Nathaniel Branum, Amy TI The use of covariates to identify records with implausible gestational ages using the birthweight distribution SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gestational age; accuracy; birthweight ID PRETERM DELIVERY RATES; UNITED-STATES; MULTIPLE IMPUTATION; MIXTURE MODEL; FETAL-GROWTH; TRENDS; INFANTS; RACE; PERCENTILES; POPULATION AB P>Parker JD, Liao D, Schenker N, Branum A. The use of covariates to identify records with implausible gestational ages using the birthweight distribution. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 2010. The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of covariates in identifying birth records with implausible values of gestational age. Birthweight distributions for births with early reported gestational ages are markedly bimodal, suggesting a mixture of two distributions. Most births form a normal-shaped left-hand (primary) distribution and a smaller number form the right-hand (secondary) distribution. The births in the secondary distribution are thought to have gestational age mistakenly reported. Prior work has found that births in the secondary distribution are at higher risk of poor outcomes than those in the primary distribution. Using 2002 US Natality data for gestational ages 26-35 weeks, we fit normal mixture models to birthweight with and without covariates (maternal race, education, parity, age, region of the country, prenatal care initiation) by reported gestational age. Additional models were stratified by infant sex. This approach allowed for the relationship between the covariates and birthweight to differ between the components. Mixture models fit reasonably well for reported gestational ages < 33 weeks, but not for later weeks. Counter to the hypothesis, results were similar for models with and without covariates or stratification or both, although stratified models without covariates predicted slightly more girls and slightly fewer boys in the secondary distribution than did the corresponding unstratified models. For reported gestational ages < 33 weeks, predictions from the four sets of models were highly correlated and predictions were similar for subgroups defined by the clinical estimates of gestational age and other covariates. For births with reported gestational ages of 29 or more weeks, the proportion in the secondary distribution exceeded 30%, although this varied by maternal characteristics. The use of covariates and stratification complicated model fitting without materially improving identification of implausible gestational age values, supporting inferences from prior studies using data 'cleaned' without consideration of maternal or infant characteristics. C1 [Parker, Jennifer D.; Branum, Amy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Schenker, Nathaniel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Off Res & Methodol, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Liao, Dan] Univ Maryland, Joint Program Survey Methodol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Parker, JD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Off Anal & Epidemiol, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6107, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM jdparker@cdc.gov FU Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation [HHS 6-4635-13] FX The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the NCHS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This work was supported, in part, by the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation through Interagency Agreement # HHS 6-4635-13. The authors thank Mr Michael Jones and Mr Travis Torina for their assistance with the graphics. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-5022 J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 24 IS 5 BP 424 EP 432 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2010.01138.x PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 632WO UT WOS:000280460300003 PM 20670223 ER PT J AU Ayinmode, AB Olakunle, FB Xiao, LH AF Ayinmode, Adekunle B. Olakunle, Fagbemi B. Xiao, Lihua TI Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in native calves in Nigeria SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CATTLE BOS-TAURUS; N. SP APICOMPLEXA; PREVALENCE; GENOTYPES; RUMINANTS; BOVIS AB Most studies on the distribution of Cryptosporidium species in cattle were done with dairy breeds in industrialized nations. In this study, 65 fecal samples from randomly selected 12-24-week-old diarrheic calves in four white Fulani herds in southwestern Nigeria were screened for Cryptosporidium spp. using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the small subunit rRNA gene. Thirty-four (52.3%) of the samples were positive for Cryptosporidium. RFLP analysis of PCR products showed that 18 (27.7%) and five (7.7%) of the positive samples had Cryptosporidium bovis and Cryptosporidium ryanae, respectively, and 11 (16.9%) had mixed infections of the two species. The absence of C. parvum suggests that the age group of calves studied is not likely to be source of zoonotic infection to humans. C1 [Ayinmode, Adekunle B.; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis Proposed, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ayinmode, Adekunle B.; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Prevent, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis Proposed, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ayinmode, Adekunle B.; Olakunle, Fagbemi B.] Univ Ibadan, Fac Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Parasitol, Ibadan, Nigeria. RP Xiao, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis Proposed, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU University of Ibadan (Nigeria); Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA FX This work was supported by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Overseas Training Grant from University of Ibadan (Nigeria) and the Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. We thank Theresa Dearen for technical assistance. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 15 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 107 IS 4 BP 1019 EP 1021 DI 10.1007/s00436-010-1972-1 PG 3 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 648ES UT WOS:000281673800034 PM 20644959 ER PT J AU Butler, SE Augostini, P Secor, WE AF Butler, Sara E. Augostini, Peter Secor, W. Evan TI Mycoplasma hominis infection of Trichomonas vaginalis is not associated with metronidazole-resistant trichomoniasis in clinical isolates from the United States SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; REPLICATION; PREMATURITY; PROTOZOAN; SYMBIOSIS; CELLS; GENE AB Trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan parasite that is the cause of the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease, trichomoniasis. Metronidazole and tinidazole are the only drugs approved for treatment of T. vaginalis infections in the USA. However, drug resistance exists and some patients are allergic to these medications. Furthermore, the exact mechanism of metronidazole resistance remains undefined and current testing methods require several weeks before results are available. Identification of the mechanism of drug resistance may lead to the development of molecular tools to detect drug resistance, and quicker results for clinical treatment. In a recent study, Chinese T. vaginalis isolates that were polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positive for Mycoplasma hominis DNA demonstrated greater in vitro resistance to metronidazole than isolates with no evidence of M. hominis infection. To evaluate this finding in isolates from a distinct epidemiologic setting, we tested 55 T. vaginalis isolates collected from patients in the USA through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention metronidazole susceptibility testing service. One half of the isolates demonstrated resistance to metronidazole by an in vitro sensitivity assay. Of the metronidazole-resistant T. vaginalis isolates, 18% were PCR positive for M. hominis, as were 22% of the metronidazole-susceptible T. vaginalis isolates (p = 0.746). We also observed no change in metronidazole sensitivity of two infected T. vaginalis isolates after they were cleared of their M. hominis infection by culturing the isolates in antibiotics. Thus, M. hominis infection of USA T. vaginalis isolates did not correlate with in vitro resistance to metronidazole. C1 [Butler, Sara E.; Augostini, Peter; Secor, W. Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Secor, WE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D65, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM was4@cdc.gov FU Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council NR 22 TC 10 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 107 IS 4 BP 1023 EP 1027 DI 10.1007/s00436-010-1975-y PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 648ES UT WOS:000281673800035 PM 20652315 ER PT J AU Chen, TH Kutty, P Lowe, LE Hunt, EA Blostein, J Espinoza, R Dykewicz, CA Redd, S Rota, JS Rota, PA Lute, JR Lurie, P Nguyen, MD Moll, M Reef, SE Sinclair, JR Bellini, WJ Seward, JF Ostroff, SM AF Chen, Tai-Ho Kutty, Preeta Lowe, Luis E. Hunt, Elizabeth A. Blostein, Joel Espinoza, Rita Dykewicz, Clare A. Redd, Susan Rota, Jennifer S. Rota, Paul A. Lute, James R. Lurie, Perrianne Nguyen, Michael D. Moll, Maria Reef, Susan E. Sinclair, Julie R. Bellini, William J. Seward, Jane F. Ostroff, Stephen M. TI Measles Outbreak Associated With an International Youth Sporting Event in the United States, 2007 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE measles; disease outbreaks; genotype classification; travel; sports ID COMMERCIAL AIR-TRAVEL; ELIMINATION; JAPAN; TRANSMISSION; VIRUS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PROGRESS; GENE AB Background: Despite elimination of endemic measles in the United States (US), outbreaks associated with imported measles continue to occur. In 2007, the initiation of a multistate measles outbreak was associated with an imported case occurring in a participant at an international youth sporting event held in Pennsylvania. Methods: Case finding and contact tracing were conducted. Control measures included isolating ill persons and administering postexposure prophylaxis to exposed persons without documented measles immunity. Laboratory evaluation of suspected cases and contacts included measles serologic testing, viral culture, detection of viral RNA by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and viral genotyping. Results: The index case occurred in a child from Japan aged 12 years. Contact tracing among 1250 persons in 8 states identified 7 measles cases; 5 (71%) cases occurred among persons without documented measles vaccination. Epidemiologic and laboratory investigation supported a single chain of transmission, linking the outbreak to contemporaneous measles virus genotype D5 transmission in Japan. Of the 471 event participants, 193 (41%) lacked documentation of presumed measles immunity, 94 (49%) of 193 were US-resident adults, 19 (10%) were non-US-resident adults (aged > 18 years), and 80 (41%) were non-US-resident children. Discussion: Measles outbreaks associated with imported disease are likely to continue in the US. Participants in international events, international travelers, and persons with routine exposure to such travelers might be at greater risk of measles. To reduce the impact of imported cases, high measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine coverage rates should be maintained throughout the US, and support should continue for global measles control and elimination. C1 [Chen, Tai-Ho; Nguyen, Michael D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chen, Tai-Ho; Hunt, Elizabeth A.; Lute, James R.; Lurie, Perrianne; Moll, Maria; Ostroff, Stephen M.] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [Kutty, Preeta; Lowe, Luis E.; Redd, Susan; Rota, Jennifer S.; Rota, Paul A.; Bellini, William J.; Seward, Jane F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Blostein, Joel] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. [Espinoza, Rita] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Dykewicz, Clare A.; Sinclair, Julie R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nguyen, Michael D.] Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Reef, Susan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chen, TH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC Honolulu Airport Quarantine Stn, 300 Rodgers Blvd 67, Honolulu, HI 96819 USA. EM tchen2@cdc.gov; pkutty@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 29 IS 9 BP 794 EP 800 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181dbaacf PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 641KM UT WOS:000281124300001 PM 20400927 ER PT J AU Patel, M Rench, MA Boom, JA Tate, JE Sahni, LC Hull, JA Gentsch, JR Parashar, UD Baker, CJ AF Patel, Manish Rench, Marcia A. Boom, Julie A. Tate, Jacqueline E. Sahni, Leila C. Hull, Jennifer A. Gentsch, Jon R. Parashar, Umesh D. Baker, Carol J. TI Detection of Rotavirus Antigenemia in Routinely Obtained Serum Specimens to Augment Surveillance and Vaccine Effectiveness Evaluations SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; antigenemia; diarrhea; surveillance; vaccines; vaccination; immunization ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; CHILDREN; VIREMIA; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION; DIARRHEA; INFANTS AB Background: Antigenemia is common among children with rotavirus disease. Because obtaining stool specimens is cumbersome, we evaluated whether detection of antigenemia in sera obtained during routine clinical practice could augment rotavirus surveillance to assess the effect of vaccination. Methods: We determined the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of serum/plasma rotavirus antigen detection using fecal antigen positivity as the gold standard. Fecal specimens obtained by active surveillance and residual serum/plasma specimens obtained during routine clinical testing from children 15 days to 23 months of age presenting with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) to a children's hospital in Houston were tested for rotavirus using a commercially available enzyme immunoassay. Using case-control methods, we compared vaccine effectiveness (VE) using cases identified through serum/plasma testing versus stool testing. Results: Of the 205 AGE patients with fecal specimens, 71 (35%) had a serum/plasma sample available. Among these 71 children, antigenemia was detected in 22 of 29 with rotavirus-positive fecal specimens (sensitivity = 75%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 60%-91%) versus 2 of 42 children with rotavirus-negative fecal specimens (specificity = 95%; 95% CI = 89%-100%). The positive and negative predictive values of rotavirus antigenemia were 92% (95% CI = 81%-100%) and 85% (95% CI = 75%-95%), respectively. Thirty-four of 195 children with AGE without fecal specimens had serum/plasma available; 10 (29%) had rotavirus antigenemia. Three-dose VE using cases identified through serum/plasma testing was similar (VE = 84%; 95% CI = 25%-96%) to that using cases identified though fecal testing (VE = 85%; 95% CI = 55%-95%). Conclusions: Detection of antigenemia in routinely collected serum/plasma could augment identification of rotavirus disease for postlicensure evaluation of impact and effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination. C1 [Patel, Manish] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Gastroenteritis Sect, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rench, Marcia A.; Boom, Julie A.; Sahni, Leila C.; Baker, Carol J.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Ctr Vaccine Awareness & Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Rench, Marcia A.; Boom, Julie A.; Baker, Carol J.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Boom, Julie A.; Sahni, Leila C.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Immunizat Project, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Baker, Carol J.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Virol & Microbiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Patel, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Gastroenteritis Sect, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, MS-A47,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Aul3@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 29 IS 9 BP 836 EP 839 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181e753d1 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 641KM UT WOS:000281124300009 PM 20526226 ER PT J AU Daley, MF Crane, LA Markowitz, LE Black, SR Beaty, BL Barrow, J Babbel, C Gottlieb, SL Liddon, N Stokley, S Dickinson, M Kempe, A AF Daley, Matthew F. Crane, Lori A. Markowitz, Lauri E. Black, Sandra R. Beaty, Brenda L. Barrow, Jennifer Babbel, Christine Gottlieb, Sami L. Liddon, Nicole Stokley, Shannon Dickinson, Miriam Kempe, Allison TI Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Practices: A Survey of US Physicians 18 Months After Licensure SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE human papillomavirus vaccine; physicians; attitudes; practices; survey ID UNITED-STATES; PEDIATRICIANS INTENTION; FAMILY PHYSICIANS; NATIONAL-SURVEY; ADOLESCENTS; VACCINES; RISK; IMMUNIZATION; KNOWLEDGE; ATTITUDES AB OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to assess, in a nationally representative network of pediatricians and family physicians, (1) human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination practices, (2) perceived barriers to vaccination, and (3) factors associated with whether physicians strongly recommended HPV vaccine to 11- to 12-year-old female patients. METHODS: In January through March 2008, a survey was administered to 429 pediatricians and 419 family physicians. RESULTS: Response rates were 81% for pediatricians and 79% for family physicians. Ninety-eight percent of pediatricians and 88% of family physicians were administering HPV vaccine in their offices (P < .001). Among those physicians, fewer strongly recommended HPV vaccination for 11- to 12-year-old female patients than for older female patients (pediatricians: 57% for 11- to 12-year-old patients and 90% for 13- to 15-year-old patients; P < .001; family physicians: 50% and 86%, respectively; P < .001). The most-frequently reported barriers to HPV vaccination were financial, including vaccine costs and insurance coverage. Factors associated with not strongly recommending HPV vaccine to 11- to 12-year-old female patients included considering it necessary to discuss sexuality before recommending HPV vaccine (risk ratio: 1.27 [95% confidence interval: 1.07-1.51]) and reporting more vaccine refusals among parents of younger versus older adolescents (risk ratio: 2.09 [95% confidence interval: 1.66-2.81]). CONCLUSIONS: Eighteen months after licensure, the vast majority of pediatricians and family physicians reported offering HPV vaccine. Fewer physicians strongly recommended the vaccine for younger adolescents than for older adolescents, and physicians reported financial obstacles to vaccination. Pediatrics 2010; 126: 425-433 C1 [Daley, Matthew F.] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO 80231 USA. [Daley, Matthew F.; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado, Dept Pediat, Aurora, CO USA. [Dickinson, Miriam] Univ Colorado, Dept Family Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Daley, Matthew F.; Black, Sandra R.; Beaty, Brenda L.; Barrow, Jennifer; Babbel, Christine; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado, Colorado Hlth Outcomes Program, Aurora, CO USA. [Daley, Matthew F.; Crane, Lori A.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community & Behav Hlth, Aurora, CO USA. [Markowitz, Lauri E.; Gottlieb, Sami L.; Liddon, Nicole] Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis Sexually Transm, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stokley, Shannon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Daley, MF (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, 10065 E Harvard Ave 300, Denver, CO 80231 USA. EM matthew.f.daley@kp.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5-U48-DP000054-03] FX This investigation was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (grant 5-U48-DP000054-03). NR 46 TC 117 Z9 117 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 2010 VL 126 IS 3 BP 425 EP 433 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-3500 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 646JK UT WOS:000281535700004 PM 20679306 ER PT J AU Behravesh, CB Ferraro, A Deasy, M Dato, V Moll, M Sandt, C Rea, NK Rickert, R Marriott, C Warren, K Urdaneta, V Salehi, E Villamil, E Ayers, T Hoekstra, RM Austin, JL Ostroff, S AF Behravesh, Casey Barton Ferraro, Aimee Deasy, Marshall, III Dato, Virginia Moll, Maria Sandt, Carol Rea, Nancy K. Rickert, Regan Marriott, Chandra Warren, Kimberly Urdaneta, Veronica Salehi, Ellen Villamil, Elizabeth Ayers, Tracy Hoekstra, R. M. Austin, Jana L. Ostroff, Stephen CA Salmonella Schwarzengrund Outbr TI Human Salmonella Infections Linked to Contaminated Dry Dog and Cat Food, 2006-2008 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; pet food; children; pets; dog; cat; zoonoses; outbreak ID UNITED-STATES; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; PET TREATS; ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; EXPOSURE; UPDATE; CANADA; DIETS; USA AB OBJECTIVE: Human Salmonella infections associated with dry pet food have not been previously reported. We investigated such an outbreak of Salmonella Schwarzengrund and primarily affecting young children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two multistate case-control studies were conducted to determine the source and mode of infections among case-patients with the outbreak strain. Study 1 evaluated household exposures to animals and pet foods, and study 2 examined risk factors for transmission among infant case-patients. Environmental investigations were conducted. RESULTS: Seventy-nine case-patients in 21 states were identified; 48% were children aged 2 years or younger. Case-households were significantly more likely than control households to report dog contact (matched odds ratio [mOR]: 3.6) and to have recently purchased manufacturer X brands of dry pet food (mOR: 6.9). Illness among infant case-patients was significantly associated with feeding pets in the kitchen (OR: 4.4). The outbreak strain was isolated from opened bags of dry dog food produced at plant X, fecal specimens from dogs that ate manufacturer X dry dog food, and an environmental sample and unopened bags of dog and cat foods from plant X. More than 23 000 tons of pet foods were recalled. After additional outbreak-linked illnesses were identified during 2008, the company recalled 105 brands of dry pet food and permanently closed plant X. CONCLUSIONS: Dry dog and cat foods manufactured at plant X were linked to human illness for a 3-year period. This outbreak highlights the importance of proper handling and storage of pet foods in the home to prevent human illness, especially among young children. Pediatrics 2010; 126: 477-483 C1 [Behravesh, Casey Barton; Ayers, Tracy; Hoekstra, R. M.; Austin, Jana L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Behravesh, Casey Barton] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ferraro, Aimee; Deasy, Marshall, III; Dato, Virginia; Moll, Maria; Sandt, Carol; Rea, Nancy K.; Rickert, Regan; Marriott, Chandra; Warren, Kimberly; Urdaneta, Veronica] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [Salehi, Ellen] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Villamil, Elizabeth; Ostroff, Stephen] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. RP Behravesh, CB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonoses & Infect Dis Proposed, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis Proposed, Outbreak Response & Prevent Branch Proposed, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cbartonbehravesh@cdc.gov OI Ayers, Tracy/0000-0003-4140-3263 NR 29 TC 46 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 2010 VL 126 IS 3 BP 477 EP 483 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-3273 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 646JK UT WOS:000281535700009 PM 20696725 ER PT J AU Maisonet, M Christensen, KY Rubin, C Holmes, A Flanders, WD Heron, J Ong, KK Golding, J McGeehin, MA Marcus, M AF Maisonet, Mildred Christensen, Krista Yorita Rubin, Carol Holmes, Adrianne Flanders, W. Dana Heron, Jon Ong, Ken K. Golding, Jean McGeehin, Michael A. Marcus, Michele TI Role of Prenatal Characteristics and Early Growth on Pubertal Attainment of British Girls SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE ALSPAC; puberty; Tanner stages; postnatal growth; obesity ID RISK-FACTORS; SECULAR TRENDS; WEIGHT-GAIN; SELF-REPORT; BODY-FAT; US GIRLS; MENARCHE; AGE; CHILDHOOD; OBESITY AB OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to explore the influence of maternal prenatal characteristics and behaviors and of weight and BMI gain during early childhood on the timing of various puberty outcomes in girls who were enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. METHODS: Repeated self-assessments of pubertal development were obtained from similar to 4000 girls between the ages of 8 and 14. Data on prenatal characteristics and weight at birth and 2, 9, and 20 months of age were obtained from questionnaires, birth records, and clinic visits. Infants' weights were converted to weight-for-age and BMI SD scores (SDSs; z scores), and change values were obtained for the 0- to 20-month and other intervals within that age range. We used parametric survival models to estimate associations with age of entry into Tanner stages of breast and pubic hair and menarche. RESULTS: Maternal initiation of menarche at age <12, smoking during pregnancy, and primiparity were associated with earlier puberty. A 1-unit increase in the weight SDS change values for the 0- to 20-month age interval was associated with earlier ages of entry into pubertal outcomes (0.19-0.31 years). Increases in the BMI SDS change values were also associated with earlier entry into pubertal outcomes (0.07-0.11 years). CONCLUSIONS: Many of the maternal prenatal characteristics and weight and BMI gain during infancy seemed to have similar influences across different puberty outcomes. Either such early factors have comparable influences on each of the hormonal processes involved in puberty, or processes are linked and awakening of 1 aspect triggers the others. Pediatrics 2010;126:e591-e600 C1 [Maisonet, Mildred; Christensen, Krista Yorita; Flanders, W. Dana; Marcus, Michele] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Maisonet, Mildred; Rubin, Carol; Holmes, Adrianne; Flanders, W. Dana; McGeehin, Michael A.; Marcus, Michele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Heron, Jon] Univ Bristol, Dept Social Med, Bristol, Avon, England. [Golding, Jean] Univ Bristol, Ctr Child & Adolescent Hlth, Dept Community Based Med, Bristol, Avon, England. [Ong, Ken K.] Inst Metab Sci, MRC Epidemiol Unit, Cambridge, England. RP Maisonet, M (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM mmaison@sph.emory.edu RI Marcus, Michele/J-2746-2015; Heron, Jon/D-5884-2011; OI Heron, Jon/0000-0001-6199-5644; Maisonet, Mildred/0000-0003-3561-2632; Golding, Jean/0000-0003-2826-3307 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The UK Medical Research Council, the Wellcome Trust, and the University of Bristol provide core support for ALSPAC. This research was specifically funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 43 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 2010 VL 126 IS 3 BP E591 EP E600 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-2636 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 646JK UT WOS:000281535700040 PM 20696722 ER PT J AU De Rosa, CJ Ethier, KA Kim, DH Cumberland, WG Afifi, AA Kotlerman, J Loya, RV Kerndt, PR AF De Rosa, Christine J. Ethier, Kathleen A. Kim, Deborah H. Cumberland, William G. Afifi, Abdelmonem A. Kotlerman, Jenny Loya, Richard V. Kerndt, Peter R. TI Sexual Intercourse and Oral Sex Among Public Middle School Students: Prevalence and Correlates SO PERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH LA English DT Article ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN; RISK BEHAVIOR; ADOLESCENTS; COMMUNICATION; TRANSMISSION; PERCEPTIONS; PREDICTORS; ABSTINENCE; INITIATION; INTENTION AB CONTEXT: Early sexual initiation is associated with elevated teenage pregnancy and STD risk, yet little is known about the prevalence and correlates of sexual behavior among young adolescents. Better information is needed to guide interventions to prevent early sexual debut. METHODS: Data from a 2005 survey of 4,557 sixth-, seventh- and eighth-grade students at 14 urban public schools in Southern California were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression, to identify correlates of oral sex, intercourse and both. RESULTS: Overall, 9% of youth had ever had sexual intercourse, and 8% had had oral sex. Three percent reported having had oral sex only, 4% intercourse only and 5% both. Among those who reported intercourse, 69% had used a condom at last intercourse, and 43% had had multiple partners. Being male, being black and having at least one friend who had ever been involved in a pregnancy were positively associated with having had intercourse only and both intercourse and oral sex (odds ratios, 1.7-4.2). Being in eighth grade, expecting to have intercourse in the next six months and currently having a boyfriend or girlfriend were positively associated with all three outcomes (2.1-7.2). Intercourse and oral sex were highly correlated. CONCLUSIONS: Interventions addressing oral sex, intercourse and multiple partners should begin before sixth grade and continue throughout the middle school years. Health professionals should target adolescent risk reduction counseling toward males, blacks, youth with a boyfriend or girlfriend, and those with a friend who has been involved in a pregnancy. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2010, 42(3):197-205, doi:10.1363/4219710 C1 [De Rosa, Christine J.; Kim, Deborah H.] Hlth Res Assoc, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Ethier, Kathleen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIVAIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Behav Intervent & Res Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cumberland, William G.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Kotlerman, Jenny] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Nursing, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Loya, Richard V.] Los Angeles Unified Sch Dist, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Kerndt, Peter R.] Los Angeles Cty, Dept Publ Hlth, Sexually Transmitted Dis Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP De Rosa, CJ (reprint author), Hlth Res Assoc, Los Angeles, CA USA. EM cderosa@hra-paramount.org FU NIAID NIH HHS [P30 AI028697]; PHS HHS [U30/CCU922283-01] NR 49 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1538-6341 J9 PERSPECT SEX REPRO H JI Perspect. Sex Reprod. Health PD SEP PY 2010 VL 42 IS 3 BP 197 EP 205 DI 10.1363/4219710 PG 9 WC Demography; Family Studies SC Demography; Family Studies GA 663VL UT WOS:000282918200007 PM 20887288 ER PT J AU Sarr, D Lucchi, NW Owino, S Peterson, DS Moore, JM AF Sarr, D. Lucchi, N. W. Owino, S. Peterson, D. S. Moore, J. M. TI THE MALARIAL PARASITE TOXIN, HEMOZOIN, ACTIVATES MAP KINASES AND PROMOTES A CHEMOTACTIC AND IMMUNOSTIMULATORY SECRETORY RESPONSE IN PRIMARY HUMAN SYNCYTIOTROPHOBLAST SO PLACENTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International-Federation-of-Placental-Associations Meeting 2010 CY OCT 19-22, 2010 CL Santiago, CHILE DE syncytiotrophoblast; chemokines; infection; malaria C1 [Sarr, D.; Owino, S.; Peterson, D. S.; Moore, J. M.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Lucchi, N. W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND SN 0143-4004 J9 PLACENTA JI Placenta PD SEP PY 2010 VL 31 IS 9 BP A116 EP A116 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Developmental Biology; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 654CW UT WOS:000282147100258 ER PT J AU Hutchinson, AB Patel, P Sansom, SL Farnham, PG Sullivan, TJ Bennett, B Kerndt, PR Bolan, RK Heffelfinger, JD Prabhu, VS Branson, BM AF Hutchinson, Angela B. Patel, Pragna Sansom, Stephanie L. Farnham, Paul G. Sullivan, Timothy J. Bennett, Berry Kerndt, Peter R. Bolan, Robert K. Heffelfinger, James D. Prabhu, Vimalanand S. Branson, Bernard M. TI Cost-Effectiveness of Pooled Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing for Acute HIV Infection after Third-Generation HIV Antibody Screening and Rapid Testing in the United States: A Comparison of Three Public Health Settings SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; BLOOD-DONATIONS; CARE SETTINGS; PERSONS AWARE; TRANSMISSION; METAANALYSIS; POPULATION; PREVENTION; DIAGNOSIS; SURVEILLANCE AB Background: Detection of acute HIV infection (AHI) with pooled nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) following HIV testing is feasible. However, cost-effectiveness analyses to guide policy around AHI screening are lacking; particularly after more sensitive third-generation antibody screening and rapid testing. Methods and Findings: We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis of pooled NAAT screening that assessed the prevention benefits of identification and notification of persons with AHI and cases averted compared with repeat antibody testing at different intervals. Effectiveness data were derived from a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention AHI study conducted in three settings: municipal sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics, a community clinic serving a population of men who have sex with men, and HIV counseling and testing sites. Our analysis included a micro-costing study of NAAT and a mathematical model of HIV transmission. Cost-effectiveness ratios are reported as costs per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained in US dollars from the societal perspective. Sensitivity analyses were conducted on key variables, including AHI positivity rates, antibody testing frequency, symptomatic detection of AHI, and costs. Pooled NAAT for AHI screening following annual antibody testing had cost-effectiveness ratios exceeding US$200,000 per QALY gained for the municipal STD clinics and HIV counseling and testing sites and was cost saving for the community clinic. Cost-effectiveness ratios increased substantially if the antibody testing interval decreased to every 6 months and decreased to cost-saving if the testing interval increased to every 5 years. NAAT was cost saving in the community clinic in all situations. Results were particularly sensitive to AHI screening yield. Conclusions: Pooled NAAT screening for AHI following negative third-generation antibody or rapid tests is not cost-effective at recommended antibody testing intervals for high-risk persons except in very high-incidence settings. C1 [Hutchinson, Angela B.; Patel, Pragna; Sansom, Stephanie L.; Farnham, Paul G.; Heffelfinger, James D.; Prabhu, Vimalanand S.; Branson, Bernard M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sullivan, Timothy J.] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY USA. [Bennett, Berry] Florida Bur Labs, Retrovirol Sect, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Kerndt, Peter R.] Los Angeles Dept Hlth Serv, Sexually Transmitted Dis Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Bolan, Robert K.] LA Gay & Lesbian Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Hutchinson, AB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ash2@cdc.gov OI Sullivan, Timothy/0000-0003-3144-9188 NR 49 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 7 IS 9 AR e1000342 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000342 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 655UQ UT WOS:000282276900011 PM 20927354 ER PT J AU Galloway, RL Levett, PN AF Galloway, Renee L. Levett, Paul N. TI Application and Validation of PFGE for Serovar Identification of Leptospira Clinical Isolates SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; SEROGROUP; INTERROGANS; DNA; THAILAND; STRAIN; BRAZIL AB Serovar identification of clinical isolates of Leptospira is generally not performed on a routine basis, yet the identity of an infecting serovar is valuable from both epidemiologic and public health standpoints. Only a small number of reference laboratories worldwide have the capability to perform the cross agglutinin absorption test (CAAT), the reference method for serovar identification. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is an alternative method to CAAT that facilitates rapid identification of leptospires to the serovar level. We employed PFGE to evaluate 175 isolates obtained from humans and animals submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) between 1993 and 2007. PFGE patterns for each isolate were generated using the NotI restriction enzyme and compared to a reference database consisting of more than 200 reference strains. Of the 175 clinical isolates evaluated, 136 (78%) were identified to the serovar level by the database, and an additional 27 isolates (15%) have been identified as probable new serovars. The remaining isolates yet to be identified are either not represented in the database or require further study to determine whether or not they also represent new serovars. PFGE proved to be a useful tool for serovar identification of clinical isolates of known serovars from different geographic regions and a variety of different hosts and for recognizing potential new serovars. C1 [Galloway, Renee L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Levett, Paul N.] Saskatchewan Dis Control Lab, Regina, SK, Canada. RP Galloway, RL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zul0@CDC.GOV NR 34 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2727 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 9 AR e824 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000824 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 655TB UT WOS:000282271300014 ER PT J AU Yang, H Chen, LM Carney, PJ Donis, RO Stevens, J AF Yang, Hua Chen, Li-Mei Carney, Paul J. Donis, Ruben O. Stevens, James TI Structures of Receptor Complexes of a North American H7N2 Influenza Hemagglutinin with a Loop Deletion in the Receptor Binding Site SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID A VIRUSES; UNITED-STATES; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; MEMBRANE-FUSION; HUMAN-BEINGS; SPECIFICITY; CONJUNCTIVITIS; TRANSMISSION; POULTRY; MODEL AB Human infections with subtype H7 avian influenza viruses have been reported as early as 1979. In 1996, a genetically stable 24-nucleotide deletion emerged in North American H7 influenza virus hemagglutinins, resulting in an eight amino acid deletion in the receptor-binding site. The continuous circulation of these viruses in live bird markets, as well as its documented ability to infect humans, raises the question of how these viruses achieve structural stability and functionality. Here we report a detailed molecular analysis of the receptor binding site of the North American lineage subtype H7N2 virus A/New York/107/2003 (NY107), including complexes with an avian receptor analog (3'-sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine, 3'SLN) and two human receptor analogs (6'-sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine, 6'SLN; sialyllacto-N-tetraose b, LSTb). Structural results suggest a novel mechanism by which residues Arg220 and Arg229 (H3 numbering) are used to compensate for the deletion of the 220-loop and form interactions with the receptor analogs. Glycan microarray results reveal that NY107 maintains an avian-type (alpha 2-3) receptor binding profile, with only moderate binding to human-type (alpha 2-6) receptor. Thus despite its dramatically altered receptor binding site, this HA maintains functionality and confirms a need for continued influenza virus surveillance of avian and other animal reservoirs to define their zoonotic potential. C1 [Yang, Hua; Chen, Li-Mei; Carney, Paul J.; Donis, Ruben O.; Stevens, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Yang, H (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fwb4@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences [GM62116] FX This work was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Glycan microarrays as well as glycans for direct binding experiments were produced for the Centers for Disease Control by the CFG funded by National Institute of General Medical Sciences Grant GM62116. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 56 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1553-7366 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 6 IS 9 AR e1001081 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001081 PG 11 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 656WY UT WOS:000282373000045 PM 20824086 ER PT J AU Barker, L Crespo, R Gerzoff, RB Denham, S Shrewsberry, M Cornelius-Averhart, D AF Barker, Lawrence Crespo, Richard Gerzoff, Robert B. Denham, Sharon Shrewsberry, Molly Cornelius-Averhart, Darrlyn TI Residence in a Distressed County in Appalachia as a Risk Factor for Diabetes, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2006-2007 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Introduction We compared the risk of diabetes for residents of Appalachian counties to that of residents of non-Appalachian counties after controlling for selected risk factors in states containing at least 1 Appalachian county. Methods We combined Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 2006 and 2007 and conducted a logistic regression analysis, with self-reported diabetes as the dependent variable. We considered county of residence (5 classifications for Appalachian counties, based on economic development, and 1 for non-Appalachian counties), age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, household income, smoking status, physical activity level, and obesity to be independent variables. The classification "distressed" refers to counties in the worst 10%, compared with the nation as a whole, in terms of 3-year unemployment rate, per capita income, and poverty. Results Controlling for covariates, residents in distressed Appalachian counties had 33% higher odds (95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.60) of reporting diabetes than residents of non-Appalachian counties. We found no significant differences between other classifications of Appalachian counties and non-Appalachian counties. Conclusions Residents of distressed Appalachian counties are at higher risk of diabetes than are residents of other counties. States with distressed Appalachian counties should implement culturally sensitive programs to prevent diabetes. C1 [Barker, Lawrence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Crespo, Richard; Shrewsberry, Molly] Marshall Univ, Huntington, WV USA. [Denham, Sharon] Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. RP Barker, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, 2877 Brandywine Rd,Mail Stop K-10, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM LBarker1@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 7 IS 5 AR A104 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20SD UT WOS:000208158800014 PM 20712931 ER PT J AU Tsai, J Ford, ES Li, CY Zhao, GX Pearson, WS Balluz, LS AF Tsai, James Ford, Earl S. Li, Chaoyang Zhao, Guixiang Pearson, William S. Balluz, Lina S. TI Multiple healthy behaviors and optimal self-rated health: Findings from the 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Multiple health behaviors; Cigarette smoking; Excessive drinking; Physical activity; Fruits and vegetables; Self-rated health; Cardiovascular diseases; Diabetes ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; UNITED-STATES; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; NATIONAL-HEALTH; ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; INTERVIEW SURVEY; INTERVENTION; ADULTS; CARE AB Objective. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the number of healthy behaviors (i.e., not currently smoking, not currently drinking excessively, physically active, and consuming fruits and vegetables five or more times per day) and optimal self-rated health (SRH) among U.S. adults or adults with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) or diabetes. Methods. We estimated the age-standardized prevalence of optimal SRH among a total of 430,912 adults who participated in the 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Prevalence ratios were produced with multivariate Cox regression models using number of healthy behaviors as a predictor; status of optimal SRH was used as an outcome variable while controlling for sociodemographic and health risk factors. Results. The age-standardized prevalence of reporting optimal SRH was 83.5%, 55.6%, and 56.3% among adults overall, and adults with CVDs or diabetes, respectively. Also in the aforementioned order, adults who reported having four healthy behaviors had 33%, 85%, and 87% increased likelihoods of reporting optimal SRH, when compared to their counterparts who reported none of these behaviors. Conclusion. The findings of this study indicate that number of healthy behaviors is associated with optimal SRH among adults, especially adults with CVDs or diabetes. These findings reinforce the support for identifying and implementing clinical and population-based intervention strategies that effectively promote multiple healthier lifestyle behaviors among adults. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Tsai, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Tsai, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, CDC, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jxt9@cdc.gov NR 64 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 51 IS 3-4 BP 268 EP 274 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.07.010 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 654BG UT WOS:000282142500012 PM 20647019 ER PT J AU Moulaei, T Stuchlik, O Reed, M Yuan, WR Pohl, J Lu, WY Haugh-Krumpe, L O'Keefe, BR Wlodawer, A AF Moulaei, Tinoush Stuchlik, Olga Reed, Matthew Yuan, Weirong Pohl, Jan Lu, Wuyuan Haugh-Krumpe, Lauren O'Keefe, Barry R. Wlodawer, Alexander TI Topology of the disulfide bonds in the antiviral lectin scytovirin SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE lectins; disulfides; disulfide interchange; protein domain; mass spectrometry; synthetic protein ID SOMATOMEDIN-B-DOMAIN; CYANOBACTERIUM SCYTONEMA-VARIUM; ANTI-HIV PROTEIN; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HUMAN VITRONECTIN; PEPTIDE; POTENT; DESULFURIZATION; CHEMISTRY; RESIDUES AB The antiviral lectin scytovirin (SVN) contains a total of five disulfide bonds in two structurally similar domains. Previous reports provided contradictory results on the disulfide pairing in each individual domain, and we have now re-examined the disulfide topology. N-terminal sequencing and mass spectrometry were used to analyze proteolytic fragments of native SVN obtained at acidic pH, yielding the assignment as Cys7-Cys55, Cys20-Cys32, Cys26-Cys38, Cys68-Cys80, and Cys74-Cys86. We also analyzed the N-terminal domain of SVN (SD1, residues 1-48) prepared by expression/oxidative folding of the recombinant protein and by chemical synthesis. The disulfide pairing in the chemically synthesized SD1 was forced into predetermined topologies: SD1A (Cys20-Cys26, Cys32-Cys38) or SD1 B (Cys20-Cys32, Cys26-Cys38). The topology of native SVN was found to be in agreement with the SD1B and the one determined for the recombinant SD1 domain. Although the two synthetic forms of SD1 were distinct when subjected to chromatography, their antiviral properties were indistinguishable, having low nM activity against HIV. Tryptic fragments, the "cystine clusters" [Cys20-Cys32/Cys26-Cys38; SD1] and [Cys68-Cys80/Cys74-C-86; SD2], were found to undergo rapid disulfide interchange at pH 8. This interchange resulted in accumulation of artifactual fragments in alkaline pH digests that are structurally unrelated to the original topology, providing a rational explanation for the differences between the topology reported herein and the one reported earlier (Bokesh et al., Biochemistry 2003;42:2578-2584). Our observations emphasize the fact that proteins such as SVN, with disulfide bonds in close proximity, require considerable precautions when being fragmented for the purpose of disulfide assignment. C1 [Moulaei, Tinoush; Wlodawer, Alexander] NCI, Prot Struct Sect, Macromol Crystallog Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Stuchlik, Olga; Reed, Matthew; Pohl, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Div Sci Resources, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Yuan, Weirong; Lu, Wuyuan] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Human Virol, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Haugh-Krumpe, Lauren] NCI, SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [O'Keefe, Barry R.] NCI, Mol Targets Lab, Ctr Canc Res, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Wlodawer, A (reprint author), NCI, Prot Struct Sect, Macromol Crystallog Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM wlodawer@nih.gov RI Lu, Wuyuan/B-2268-2010 FU National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health [HHSN261200800001E]; NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research; Office of the Director of the National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health [5R01A1072732] FX Contract sponsor: National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; Contract number: HHSN261200800001E; Grant sponsors: Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Intramural AIDS Targeted Antiviral Program of the Office of the Director of the National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health; Grant number: 5R01A1072732. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1649 EP 1661 DI 10.1002/pro.445 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 646SL UT WOS:000281563000005 PM 20572021 ER PT J AU Pelletier, AR Mehta, PJ Burgess, DR Bondeson, LM Carson, PJ Rea, VE Sharapov, UM Hu, DJ AF Pelletier, Andrew R. Mehta, Puja J. Burgess, Donald R. Bondeson, Lisa M. Carson, Patty J. Rea, Vicki E. Sharapov, Umid M. Hu, Dale J. TI An Outbreak of Hepatitis A Among Primary and Secondary Contacts of an International Adoptee SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION; VIRUS; CHILD AB The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends that susceptible people traveling to developing countries receive hepatitis A vaccine or immune globulin prior to departure. Until 2009, the recommendations did not address non-traveling family members or other close contacts of international adoptees. We report an outbreak of hepatitis A in 2008 that occurred in Maine. Eight members of an extended family developed hepatitis A following the arrival of an asymptomatic infant from Ethiopia who was brought to the United States by an adoption agency. Two children in the family attended an elementary school where five additional cases of hepatitis A were subsequently identified. Only three (1%) of 208 students at the school had previously been immunized against hepatitis A. This outbreak highlights the need to immunize household members and other close contacts of families adopting children from countries where hepatitis A is endemic, as well as all children at one year of age. C1 [Pelletier, Andrew R.] Maine Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Infect Dis, Augusta, ME 04333 USA. [Pelletier, Andrew R.; Sharapov, Umid M.; Hu, Dale J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mehta, Puja J.; Bondeson, Lisa M.; Carson, Patty J.; Rea, Vicki E.] Univ So Maine, Portland, ME 04103 USA. [Burgess, Donald R.] So Maine Med Ctr, Kennebunk, ME USA. RP Pelletier, AR (reprint author), Maine Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Infect Dis, 286 Water St,11 State House Stn, Augusta, ME 04333 USA. EM arp1@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 125 IS 5 BP 642 EP 646 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 638MI UT WOS:000280898600005 PM 20873279 ER PT J AU Keppel, KG Pearcy, JN Heron, MP AF Keppel, Kenneth G. Pearcy, Jeffrey N. Heron, Melonie P. TI Is There Progress Toward Eliminating Racial/Ethnic Disparities in the Leading Causes of Death? SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article AB Objectives. We examined changes in relative disparities between racial/ethnic populations for the five leading causes of death in the United States from 1990 to 2006. Methods. The study was based on age-adjusted death rates for four racial/ethnic populations from 1990-1998 and 1999-2006. We compared the percent change in death rates over time between racial/ethnic populations to assess changes in relative differences. We also computed an index of disparity to assess changes in disparities relative to the most favorable group rate. Results. Except for stroke deaths from 1990 to 1998, relative disparities among racial/ethnic populations did not decline between 1990 and 2006. Disparities among racial/ethnic populations increased for heart disease deaths from 1999 to 2006, for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease deaths from 1990 to 1998, and for chronic lower respiratory disease deaths from 1999 to 2006. Conclusions. Deaths rates for the leading causes of death are generally declining; however, relative differences between racial/ethnic groups are not declining. The lack of reduction in relative differences indicates that little progress is being made toward the elimination of racial/ethnic disparities. C1 [Keppel, Kenneth G.; Pearcy, Jeffrey N.; Heron, Melonie P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Pearcy, JN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Rm 6313, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM jpearcy@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 125 IS 5 BP 689 EP 697 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 638MI UT WOS:000280898600011 PM 20873285 ER PT J AU Page, MJ Harrison, KM Wei, XM Hall, HI AF Page, Matthew J. Harrison, Kathleen McDavid Wei, Xiangming Hall, H. Irene TI Federal Funding for Reporting Cases of HIV Infection in the United States, 2006 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID SURVEILLANCE; COMPLETENESS; RISK AB Objective. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides funding for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) surveillance in 65 areas (states, cities, and U.S. dependent areas). We determined the amount of CDC funding per reported case of HIV infection and examined factors associated with differences in funding per reported case across areas. Methods. We derived HIV data from the HIV/AIDS Reporting System (HARS) database. Budget numbers were based on award letters to health departments. We performed multivariate linear regression for all areas and for areas of low, moderate, and moderate-to-high morbidity. Results. Mean funding per case reported was $1,520, $441, and $411 in areas of low, moderate, and moderate-to-high morbidity, respectively. In low morbidity areas, funding per case decreased as log total cases increased (p<0.001). For moderate and moderate-to-high morbidity areas, funding per case fell as log total cases increased (p<0.001), but increased in accordance with an area's population (p<0.05) and the proportion of that population residing in an urban setting (p<0.05). The models for low, moderate, and moderate-to-high morbidity predicted funding per case as $1,490, $423, and $390, respectively. Conclusions. Economies of scale were evident. The amount of CDC core surveillance funding per case reported was significantly associated with the total number of cases in an area and, depending on morbidity, with total population and percentage of that population residing in an urban setting. C1 [Page, Matthew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Hlth Equ, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Page, Matthew J.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Page, Matthew J.; Harrison, Kathleen McDavid; Wei, Xiangming; Hall, H. Irene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Case Surveillance Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Page, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Hlth Equ, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-07, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MPage@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 125 IS 5 BP 718 EP 727 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 638MI UT WOS:000280898600014 PM 20873288 ER PT J AU Schulte, JM Kay, R Hamilton, JJ Mellinger, C Yambor, P Luce, C Ginzl, D Gill, J Hopkins, RS AF Schulte, Joann M. Kay, Robyn Hamilton, Janet J. Mellinger, Cathy Yambor, Phyllis Luce, Christie Ginzl, Dawn Gill, Julia Hopkins, Richard S. TI Pertussis in Florida, 2000-2006: Trends in a Historically Low-Incidence State SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; ADULTS; VACCINE; ADOLESCENTS; MORBIDITY; RECOMMENDATIONS; INFECTION; DISEASE; PCR AB Objective. Florida, the fourth most populous state in the nation, has had historically low incidence rates of pertussis, the only vaccine-preventable disease with increasing numbers of reported cases. We compared the epidemiology and incidence rates of pertussis in Florida with other states and the United States. Methods. We used Florida and federal surveillance data from 2000 through 2006. Results. Reported incidence of pertussis in Florida, numbers of cases, and proportions of adolescents and adults all increased during the seven-year study period. Florida incidence rates increased from 0.44 to 1.28, but the state's incidence was always ranked 45th or lower among the states. Reported pertussis cases and those among adolescents and adults in Florida increased during the study period. Ten counties, containing 60% of Florida's population, reported two-thirds of the state's cases. Conclusions. Pertussis reported from Florida mirrored national trends with increasing incidence, numbers of cases, and proportions of adolescent and adult cases. Despite the increases, Florida maintained its historic pattern of pertussis incidence rates that are consistently lower than national figures. Limited laboratory diagnostics and a focus on the pediatric population likely contributed to the lower rates of pertussis in Florida. More emphasis on surveillance of adolescent and adult cases is needed. C1 [Schulte, Joann M.; Kay, Robyn; Hamilton, Janet J.; Mellinger, Cathy; Yambor, Phyllis; Luce, Christie; Ginzl, Dawn; Hopkins, Richard S.] Florida Dept Hlth, Bur Epidemiol, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Schulte, Joann M.; Kay, Robyn; Hamilton, Janet J.; Mellinger, Cathy; Yambor, Phyllis; Luce, Christie; Ginzl, Dawn; Hopkins, Richard S.] Florida Dept Hlth, Bur Immunizat, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Schulte, Joann M.; Gill, Julia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schulte, JM (reprint author), NIAID, NIH, DMID, STD Branch, 6610 Rockledge Dr,Rm 3106, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM schultej@niaid.nih.gov NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 125 IS 5 BP 728 EP 735 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 638MI UT WOS:000280898600015 PM 20873289 ER PT J AU Foti, K Eaton, D AF Foti, Kathryn Eaton, Danice TI ASSOCIATIONS OF SELECTED HEALTH RISK BEHAVIORS WITH SELF-RATED HEALTH STATUS AMONG US HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID PERCEIVED HEALTH; PHYSICAL HEALTH; ADOLESCENT HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; PREDICTORS; PARTICIPATION; MORTALITY; ADULTS C1 [Foti, Kathryn; Eaton, Danice] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Foti, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-33, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM htk7@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 125 IS 5 BP 771 EP 781 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 638MI UT WOS:000280898600021 PM 20873295 ER PT J AU Waters, TR AF Waters, Thomas R. TI Introduction to Ergonomics for Healthcare Workers SO REHABILITATION NURSING LA English DT Article DE back disorders; lifting; patient handling; technology solutions ID PATIENT; SAFE; INJURY; DESIGN; TASKS; RISK AB Healthcare workers who handle and move patients as part of their jobs suffer a disproportionately high number of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The majority of reported work-related MSDs are back pain cases that result in significant numbers of lost work days. It is likely that these lost workdays have a substantial impact on the quality and cost of health care. Patient care ergonomics can reduce the risk of work-related MSDs by helping safety experts design the work so it can be safely performed by most workers. This article provides a general overview of ergonomics what it is, how it can be used to help design safe work, and why all healthcare workers and administrators should know and understand how excessive work demands can lead to increased risk of work-related MSDs. The article will also explain technological solutions that can be implemented to reduce the risk of work-related MSDs for healthcare workers. C1 NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Waters, TR (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM trw1@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 11 PU ASSOC REHABILITATION NURSES PI GLENVIEW PA 4700 W LAKE AVE, GLENVIEW, IL 60025-1485 USA SN 0278-4807 J9 REHABIL NURS JI Rehabil. Nurs. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 35 IS 5 SI SI BP 185 EP 191 PG 7 WC Nursing; Rehabilitation SC Nursing; Rehabilitation GA 640SR UT WOS:000281073200003 PM 20836483 ER PT J AU Caruso, CC Hitchcock, EM AF Caruso, Claire C. Hitchcock, Edward M. TI Strategies for Nurses to Prevent Sleep-Related Injuries and Errors SO REHABILITATION NURSING LA English DT Article DE injury prevention; nurses; safety issues ID LONG WORK HOURS; NEUROCOGNITIVE CONSEQUENCES; DAYTIME SLEEPINESS; DEPRIVATION; PERFORMANCE; CAFFEINE; FATIGUE; COUNTERMEASURES; ALCOHOL; WAKEFULNESS AB Rehabilitation nurses work shift schedules or long hours to provide essential patient services around the clock. These demanding hours can lead to sleep difficulties, declines in performance, and increased worker errors. This article gives an overview of selected declines in cognitive performance that are associated with inadequate sleep and several factors that increase risk for fatigue-related errors. Selected strategies for nurses and managers to reduce these risks are discussed, such as better sleep practices, improved work schedule design, naps, caffeine, exposure to light, and rest breaks. Both nurses and managers share responsibility for implementing strategies to reduce risks from inadequate sleep. C1 [Caruso, Claire C.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Caruso, CC (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM ccaruso@cdc.gov NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU ASSOC REHABILITATION NURSES PI GLENVIEW PA 4700 W LAKE AVE, GLENVIEW, IL 60025-1485 USA SN 0278-4807 J9 REHABIL NURS JI Rehabil. Nurs. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 35 IS 5 SI SI BP 192 EP 197 PG 6 WC Nursing; Rehabilitation SC Nursing; Rehabilitation GA 640SR UT WOS:000281073200004 PM 20836484 ER PT J AU Nakata, A Swanson, NG Caruso, CC AF Nakata, Akinori Swanson, Naomi G. Caruso, Claire C. TI Nurses, Smoking, and Immunity: A Review SO REHABILITATION NURSING LA English DT Review DE immune system; nurse; secondhand smoke; smoking; smoking cessation ID ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE; OF-THE-LITERATURE; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; PASSIVE SMOKING; HEALTH-CARE; LYMPHOCYTE SUBPOPULATIONS; SHIFT-WORK; MATERNAL SMOKING; SERUM IGE; T-CELLS AB Nurses regularly are exposed to a variety of occupational hazards. In addition to documented occupational hazards, exposure to smoking remains a major concern. This article reviews the prevalence of smoking among nurses working in the United States and discusses their reasons for smoking. Researchers conducted a state-of-the-art review on the effects of cigarette smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke (Si-IS) on the immune system. Smoking prevalence among nurses working in the United States ranged from 7%-12%, and high work stress, poor work environment, shift work, and peer influence were suspected major risk factors influencing smoking behavior. A review of the effects of smoking on immunity revealed that both active smoking and exposure to SHS negatively affects immune function. When rehabilitation nurses stop smoking, their health improves and nonsmokers are exposed to less SHS. Rehabilitation nurses are encouraged to share knowledge of the immunological benefits of smoking cessation with patients to facilitate nurse-led rehabilitation programs. C1 [Nakata, Akinori] NIOSH, Work Org & Stress Res Team, Org Sci & Human Factors Branch, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Caruso, Claire C.] NIOSH, Human Factors & Ergon Res Team, Org Sci & Human Factors Branch, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Nakata, A (reprint author), NIOSH, Work Org & Stress Res Team, Org Sci & Human Factors Branch, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM cji5@cdc.gov RI Nakata, Akinori/A-2399-2008 NR 74 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSOC REHABILITATION NURSES PI GLENVIEW PA 4700 W LAKE AVE, GLENVIEW, IL 60025-1485 USA SN 0278-4807 J9 REHABIL NURS JI Rehabil. Nurs. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 35 IS 5 SI SI BP 198 EP 205 PG 8 WC Nursing; Rehabilitation SC Nursing; Rehabilitation GA 640SR UT WOS:000281073200005 PM 20836485 ER PT J AU Galinsky, T Feng, HA Streit, J Brightwell, W Pierson, K Parsons, K Proctor, C AF Galinsky, Traci Feng, Hailing Amy Streit, Jessica Brightwell, W. Pierson, Kellie Parsons, Kelley Proctor, Christina TI Risk Factors Associated with Patient Assaults of Home Healthcare Workers SO REHABILITATION NURSING LA English DT Article DE home care; nurses; safe patient handling ID NURSING-HOMES; VIOLENCE; AGGRESSION; SAFETY; INTERVENTION; NURSES; STAFF AB This study used surveys from 677 home healthcare aides and nurses to explore factors associated with assaults by patients. Among respondents, 4.6% reported one or more patient assaults (being hit, kicked, pinched, shoved, or bitten) during the past year Logistic regression analysis examined associations between several potential risk factors and assaults. Three factors were significant, including having one or more patients with dementia (OR = 4.31, 95% CI 1.47-12.67), routinely handling patients (OR = 8.48, 95% CI 1.89-37.94), and perceiving threats of violence by others in and around patients' homes (OR = 4.45, 95% CI 7.75-11.32). Assaults were not significantly associated with worker age, gender, race, job title, hours of work, or use of needles during patient care. Assaulted workers and workers who perceived threats of violence by others were significantly more likely to have shortened home care visits. More detailed research is needed to confirm these results and evaluate methods to reduce assault risk. C1 [Galinsky, Traci; Feng, Hailing Amy; Streit, Jessica; Brightwell, W.; Pierson, Kellie; Parsons, Kelley; Proctor, Christina] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Galinsky, T (reprint author), NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM tgalinsky@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 7 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0278-4807 EI 2048-7940 J9 REHABIL NURS JI Rehabil. Nurs. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 35 IS 5 SI SI BP 206 EP 215 PG 10 WC Nursing; Rehabilitation SC Nursing; Rehabilitation GA 640SR UT WOS:000281073200006 PM 20836486 ER PT J AU Waters, TR Rockefeller, K AF Waters, Thomas R. Rockefeller, Kathleen TI Safe Patient Handling for Rehabilitation Professionals SO REHABILITATION NURSING LA English DT Article DE injury prevention; low back pain; musculoskeletal; disorders; patient handling; therapy ID MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; PHYSICAL-THERAPISTS; OCCUPATIONAL INJURY; NURSING PERSONNEL; WORK; WORKPLACE; RECOVERY; DEVICES; ILLNESS; STROKE AB Every day, thousands of physical therapists and rehabilitation nurses are required to perform physically demanding therapeutic patient handling tasks that are stressful to the caregiver and increase his or her risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). In rehabilitation, patient handling tasks might be classified as"traditional"or"therapeutic."Traditional tasks have a practical goal, such as transferring a patient from bed to a wheelchair, and therapeutic tasks have more targeted goals such as facilitating patient function and independence. Therapeutic patient handling tasks present a greater risk for caregivers to sustain work-related MSDs than typical patient handling tasks do because caregivers are exposed to high mechanical loads on the spinal tissues for longer amounts of time. The Veterans Health Administration, Association of Rehabilitation Nurses, and the American Physical Therapy Association endorse the use of modern patient handling technology as part of a comprehensive safe patient handling program for providing therapy in rehabilitation settings. Information about patient handling technology that is effective in reducing the risk of work-related MSDs from performing therapeutic patient handling and movement tasks is also presented and discussed in this article. C1 [Waters, Thomas R.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Rockefeller, Kathleen] Univ S Florida, Sch Phys Therapy & Rehabil Sci, Tampa, FL USA. RP Waters, TR (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM trw1@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 22 PU ASSOC REHABILITATION NURSES PI GLENVIEW PA 4700 W LAKE AVE, GLENVIEW, IL 60025-1485 USA SN 0278-4807 J9 REHABIL NURS JI Rehabil. Nurs. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 35 IS 5 SI SI BP 216 EP 222 PG 7 WC Nursing; Rehabilitation SC Nursing; Rehabilitation GA 640SR UT WOS:000281073200007 PM 20836487 ER PT J AU Hyde, TB Schmid, DS Cannon, MJ AF Hyde, Terri B. Schmid, D. Scott Cannon, Michael J. TI Cytomegalovirus seroconversion rates and risk factors: implications for congenital CMV SO REVIEWS IN MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Review ID TO-MOTHER TRANSMISSION; HEALTH-CARE PERSONNEL; HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; CHILD DAY-CARE; PREGNANT-WOMEN; OCCUPATIONAL RISK; YOUNG-CHILDREN; FINAL REPORT; FOLLOW-UP; INFECTION AB Congenital CMV infection is caused by in utero mother-to-fetus transmission and is a leading cause of birth defects and developmental disabilities. The highest risk of disability is to children born to women who have a primary infection during pregnancy, which can be detected by measuring seroconversion. We reviewed studies that reported rates of CMV seroconversion in different populations. Among pregnant women, annual seroconversion rates typically ranged from 1 to 7% (summary annual rate = 2.3%, 95% CI = 2.1-2.4%). Healthcare workers, including those caring for infants and children, had seroconversion rates similar to pregnant women (summary annual rate = 2.3%, 95% CI = 1.9-2.9%). Among day-care providers, seroconversion rates ranged from 0 to 12.5% (summary annual rate = 8.5%, 95% CI = 6.1-11.6%). Parents whose child was not shedding CMV were much less likely to seroconvert (summary annual rate = 2.1%, 95% CI = 0.3-6.8%) than were parents who had a child shedding CMV (summary annual rate = 24%, 95% CI = 18-30%). Nevertheless, over the course of a year, most parents exposed to a CMV-shedding child do not become infected. Other groups with elevated risk included families with a CMV-shedding member, female minority adolescents and women attending sexually transmitted disease clinics. The relatively low rate of CMV seroconversion in most populations is encouraging for behavioural interventions and for vaccine strategies attempting to prevent infection during pregnancy. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Hyde, Terri B.; Schmid, D. Scott; Cannon, Michael J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cannon, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1825 Century Blvd,Mailstop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM mcannon@cdc.gov RI Cannon, Michael/E-5894-2011 OI Cannon, Michael/0000-0001-5776-5010 NR 72 TC 60 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 10 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1052-9276 J9 REV MED VIROL JI Rev. Med. Virol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 20 IS 5 BP 311 EP 326 DI 10.1002/rmv.659 PG 16 WC Virology SC Virology GA 653IJ UT WOS:000282082400005 PM 20645278 ER PT J AU Diaz-Kenney, RV Ruiz-Holguin, R de Cosio, FG Ramos, R Rodriguez, B Beckles, GL Valdez, R Thompson-Reid, PE AF Diaz-Kenney, Rita V. Ruiz-Holguin, Rosalba de Cosio, Federico G. Ramos, Rebeca Rodriguez, Betsy Beckles, Gloria L. Valdez, Rodolfo Thompson-Reid, Patricia E. TI A historical overview of the United States-Mexico Border Diabetes Prevention and Control Project SO REVISTA PANAMERICANA DE SALUD PUBLICA-PAN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Diabetes mellitus, type 2; risk factors; border health; international cooperation; Mexico; United States AB Diabetes is a serious public health problem in the border region between the United States of America and Mexico, reflecting and by some measures surpassing the extent of national diabetes burden of each country. The U.S.-Mexico Border Diabetes Prevention and Control Project, a two-phase prevalence study on type 2 diabetes and its risk factors, was conceived and developed by culturally diverse groups of people representing more than 100 government agencies and nongovernmental organizations; health care providers; and residents of 10 U. S. and Mexican border states, using a participatory approach, to address this disproportionate incidence of diabetes. This report describes the project's history, conceptualization, participatory approach, implementation, accomplishments, and challenges, and recommends a series of steps for carrying out other binational participatory projects based on lessons learned. C1 [Ruiz-Holguin, Rosalba] US Mexico Border Off, PAHO WHO, El Paso, TX USA. [Diaz-Kenney, Rita V.; Beckles, Gloria L.; Thompson-Reid, Patricia E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [de Cosio, Federico G.] PAHO WHO, Noncommunicable Dis Unit, Washington, DC USA. [Ramos, Rebeca] Alliance Border Collaborat, El Paso, TX USA. [Rodriguez, Betsy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Diabet Educ Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Valdez, Rodolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ruiz-Holguin, R (reprint author), US Mexico Border Off, PAHO WHO, El Paso, TX USA. EM ruizrosa@fep.paho.org NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PAN AMER HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI WASHINGTON PA 525 23RD ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 USA SN 1020-4989 J9 REV PANAM SALUD PUBL JI Rev. Panam. Salud Publica PD SEP PY 2010 VL 28 IS 3 BP 143 EP 150 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 668GQ UT WOS:000283257000003 PM 20963260 ER PT J AU Zhang, XP Beckles, GL Bullard, KM Gregg, EW Albright, AL Barker, L Zhang, XZ Ruiz-Holguin, R Cerqueira, MT Frontini, M Imperatore, G AF Zhang, Xuanping Beckles, Gloria L. Bullard, Kai McKeever Gregg, Edward W. Albright, Ann L. Barker, Lawrence Zhang, Xinzhi Ruiz-Holguin, Rosalba Cerqueira, Maria Teresa Frontini, Maria Imperatore, Guiseppina TI Access to health care and undiagnosed diabetes along the United States-Mexico border SO REVISTA PANAMERICANA DE SALUD PUBLICA-PAN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Diabetes mellitus, type 2; diagnosis; health services accessibility; border health; United States; Mexico ID PREVENTIVE CARE; INSURANCE; ADULTS; COSTS; SERVICES; INCOME AB Objective. To examine the relationship between access to health care and undiagnosed diabetes among the high-risk, vulnerable population in the border region between the United States of America and Mexico. Methods. Using survey and fasting plasma glucose data from Phase I of the U.S.-Mexico Border Diabetes Prevention and Control Project (February 2001 to October 2002), this epidemiological study identified 178 adults 18-64 years old with undiagnosed diabetes, 326 with diagnosed diabetes, and 2 966 without diabetes. Access to health care among that sample (n = 3 470), was assessed by type of health insurance coverage (including "none"), number of health care visits over the past year, routine pattern of health care utilization, and country of residence. Results. People with diabetes who had no insurance and no place to go for routine health care were more likely to be undiagnosed than those with insurance and a place for routine health care (odds ratio [OR] 2.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0-6.6, and OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.4-14.1, respectively). When stratified by country, the survey data showed that on the U. S. side of the border there were more people with undiagnosed diabetes if they were 1) uninsured versus the insured (28.9%, 95% CI 11.5%-46.3%, versus 9.1%, 95% CI 1.5%-16.7%, respectively) and if they 2) had made no visits or 1-3 visits to a health care facility in the past year versus had made >= 4 visits (40.8%, 95% CI 19.6%-62.0%, and 23.4%, 95% CI 9.9%-36.9%, respectively, versus 2.4%, 95% CI -0.9%-5.7%) (all, P < 0.05). No similar pattern was found in Mexico. Conclusions. Limited access to health care-especially not having health insurance and/or not having a place to receive routine health services-was significantly associated with undiagnosed diabetes in the U.S.-Mexico border region. C1 [Zhang, Xuanping; Beckles, Gloria L.; Bullard, Kai McKeever; Gregg, Edward W.; Albright, Ann L.; Barker, Lawrence; Zhang, Xinzhi; Imperatore, Guiseppina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ruiz-Holguin, Rosalba; Cerqueira, Maria Teresa] Pan Amer Hlth Org, US Mexico Border Off, El Paso, TX USA. [Frontini, Maria] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Med, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Zhang, XP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM xbz2@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU PAN AMER HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI WASHINGTON PA 525 23RD ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 USA SN 1020-4989 J9 REV PANAM SALUD PUBL JI Rev. Panam. Salud Publica PD SEP PY 2010 VL 28 IS 3 BP 182 EP 189 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 668GQ UT WOS:000283257000008 PM 20963265 ER PT J AU Schulte, P Vainio, H AF Schulte, Paul Vainio, Harri TI Well-being at work - overview and perspective SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material DE health promotion; occupational safety and health; OSH; productivity; workplace ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; HEALTH-PROMOTION; OCCUPATIONAL-HEALTH; INTERVENTION RESEARCH; SICKNESS ABSENTEEISM; MENTAL-HEALTH; PRODUCTIVITY; SAFETY; MANAGEMENT; MODEL AB This paper provides an overview of and perspective on the concept of well-being at work. Well-being is a term that reflects not only on one's health but satisfaction with work and life. Well-being is a summative concept that characterizes the quality of working lives, including occupational safety and health (OSH) aspects, and it may be a major determinant of productivity at the individual, enterprise and societal levels. Based on a review of the literature and a recent conference, we suggest a model linking workforce well-being, productivity, and population well-being. To appraise the validity of the model, we consider five questions: (i) is there a robust and usable definition of workplace well-being? (ii) have the variables that influence well-being been aptly described and can they be measured and used in risk assessments? (iii) what is the nature of evidence that well-being is linked to productivity? (iv) what is the state of knowledge on the effectiveness of interventions to promote workplace well-being? and (v) should interventions aimed at improving well-being at work focus on more than work-related factors? C1 [Schulte, Paul] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Vainio, Harri] Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland. RP Schulte, P (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS C-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM pschulte@cdc.gov NR 80 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 41 PU SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH PI HELSINKI PA TOPELIUKSENKATU 41A, SF-00250 HELSINKI, FINLAND SN 0355-3140 EI 1795-990X J9 SCAND J WORK ENV HEA JI Scand. J. Work Environ. Health PD SEP PY 2010 VL 36 IS 5 BP 422 EP 429 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 644ZR UT WOS:000281421200009 PM 20686738 ER PT J AU Reiter, PL Cates, JR McRee, AL Gottlieb, SL Shafer, A Smith, JS Brewer, NT AF Reiter, Paul L. Cates, Joan R. McRee, Annie-Laurie Gottlieb, Sami L. Shafer, Autumn Smith, Jennifer S. Brewer, Noel T. TI Statewide HPV Vaccine Initiation Among Adolescent Females in North Carolina SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINE; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; UNITED-STATES; CERVICAL-CANCER; NATURAL-HISTORY; NATIONAL-HEALTH; GENITAL WARTS; YOUNG-WOMEN; INFECTION; BEHAVIOR AB Background: Cervical cancer incidence in the United States may be greatly reduced through widespread human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. We estimated the statewide level of HPV vaccine initiation among adolescent girls in North Carolina and identified correlates of vaccine initiation. Methods: We used data from 617 parents of adolescent females from North Carolina who completed the population-based 2008 Child Health Assessment and Monitoring Program survey. Analyses used weighted multivariate logistic regression. Results: Overall, 31.3% of parents reported their daughters had received at least 1 dose of HPV vaccine. Vaccine initiation was higher among daughters aged 13 to 15 years (odds ratio [OR] = 2.03, 95% CI, 1.12-3.67) or 16 to 17 years (OR = 3.21, 95% CI, 1.76-5.86) compared with those 10 to 12 years old. Additional correlates of HPV vaccine initiation included the daughter having a preventive check-up in the last 12 months (OR = 5.09, 95% CI, 2.43-10.67), having received meningococcal vaccine (OR = 2.50, 95% CI, 1.55-4.01), or being from an urban area (OR = 1.81, 95% CI, 1.02-3.21). Among parents of unvaccinated daughters, intent to vaccinate in the next year was higher among those with daughters aged 13 to 17 years. Parents of unvaccinated non-Hispanic white daughters reported lower levels of intent to vaccinate within the next year compared with parents of unvaccinated daughters of other races. Conclusions: HPV vaccine initiation in North Carolina is comparable with other US areas. Potential strategies for increasing HPV vaccination levels include reducing missed opportunities for HPV vaccination at preventive check-ups and increasing concomitant administration of HPV vaccine with other adolescent vaccines. C1 [Reiter, Paul L.; McRee, Annie-Laurie; Smith, Jennifer S.; Brewer, Noel T.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Reiter, Paul L.; Smith, Jennifer S.; Brewer, Noel T.] Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Cates, Joan R.; Shafer, Autumn] Univ N Carolina, Sch Journalism & Mass Commun, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Gottlieb, Sami L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Reiter, PL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, 323D Rosenau Hall,CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM preiter@email.unc.edu; ntb1@unc.edu RI McRee, Annie/J-3077-2013 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [S3715-25/25]; American Cancer Society [MSRG-06-259-01-CPPB]; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center [R25 CA57726]; Merck Co., Inc.; GlaxoSmithKline FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S3715-25/25), the American Cancer Society (MSRG-06-259-01-CPPB), and the Cancer Control Education Program at Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center (R25 CA57726).; Although we do not believe we have any conflicts of interest, we wish to share the following information in the interest of full disclosure. N.T.B. received a research grant from Merck & Co., Inc. for a study in 2008-2009 of men's attitudes toward HPV vaccination. N.T.B. has received no honoraria or consulting fees from Merck & Co., Inc. or GlaxoSmithKline. J.S.S. has received research grants or contracts, honoraria, or consulting fees during the last 4 years from GlaxoSmithKline and Merck & Co., Inc. No funds from GlaxoSmithKline or Merck & Co., Inc. funded these research activities. NR 35 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 37 IS 9 BP 549 EP 556 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181d73bf8 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 641JI UT WOS:000281121000004 PM 20414146 ER PT J AU Decker, MJ Eyal, S Shinar, Z Fuxman, Y Cahan, C Reeves, WC Baharav, A AF Decker, Michael J. Eyal, Shulamit Shinar, Zvika Fuxman, Yair Cahan, Clement Reeves, William C. Baharav, Anda TI Validation of ECG-derived sleep architecture and ventilation in sleep apnea and chronic fatigue syndrome SO SLEEP AND BREATHING LA English DT Article DE Heart rate variability; Electrocardiogram; Sleep apnea; Sleep architecture; Respiratory disturbance index; Validation ID HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; POWER SPECTRUM ANALYSIS; HOME; POLYSOMNOGRAPHY; TRANSFORM; DIAGNOSIS; HEALTH AB Purpose Newly developed algorithms putatively derive measures of sleep, wakefulness, and respiratory disturbance index (RDI) through detailed analysis of heart rate variability (HRV). Here, we establish levels of agreement for one such algorithm through comparative analysis of HRV-derived values of sleep-wake architecture and RDI with those calculated from manually scored polysomnographic (PSG) recordings. Methods Archived PSG data collected from 234 subjects who participated in a 3-day, 2-night study characterizing polysomnographic traits of chronic fatigue syndrome were scored manually. The electrocardiogram and pulse oximetry channels were scored separately with a novel scoring algorithm to derive values for wakefulness, sleep architecture, and RDI. Results Four hundred fifty-four whole-night PSG recordings were acquired, of which, 410 were technically acceptable. Comparative analyses demonstrated no difference for total minutes of sleep, wake, NREM, REM, nor sleep efficiency generated through manual scoring with those derived through HRV analyses. When NREM sleep was further partitioned into slow-wave sleep (stages 3-4) and light sleep (stages 1-2), values calculated through manual scoring differed significantly from those derived through HRV analyses. Levels of agreement between RDIs derived through the two methods revealed an R = 0.89. The Bland-Altman approach for determining levels of agreement between RDIs generated through manual scoring with those derived through HRV analysis revealed a mean difference of -0.7 +/- 8.8 (mean +/- two standard deviations). Conclusion We found no difference between values of wakefulness, sleep, NREM, REM sleep, and RDI calculated from manually scored PSG recordings with those derived through analyses of HRV. C1 [Decker, Michael J.; Reeves, William C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Eyal, Shulamit; Shinar, Zvika; Fuxman, Yair; Baharav, Anda] HypnoCore, Yehud, Israel. [Cahan, Clement] Share Zedek Med Ctr, Jerusalem, Israel. RP Decker, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne Enter Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop A-15, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mdecker@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1520-9512 EI 1522-1709 J9 SLEEP BREATH JI Sleep Breath. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 14 IS 3 BP 233 EP 239 DI 10.1007/s11325-009-0305-z PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Respiratory System SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Respiratory System GA 638UX UT WOS:000280923700009 PM 19816726 ER PT J AU Miramontes, R Lambert, L Haddad, MB Boaz, V Hawkins, S Zylstra, M Allen, R Rivers, S Ali, B Chewning, SS Holt, E Warkentin, J AF Miramontes, Roque Lambert, Lauren Haddad, Maryam B. Boaz, Valerie Hawkins, Stephen Zylstra, Margaret Allen, Rachel Rivers, Sheliah Ali, Brenda Chewning, Sarah Stuart Holt, Erin Warkentin, Jon TI Public Health Response to a Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Outbreak Among Guatemalans in Tennessee, 2007 SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE disease outbreaks; epidemiology; immigrants; multidrug-resistant tuberculosis AB Background: In June 2007, the Tennessee Department of Health notified the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of four multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) cases in individuals of Guatemalan descent, and requested onsite epidemiologic assistance to investigate this outbreak. Methods: A case was defined as either culture-confirmed MDR TB with a drug-susceptibility pattern closely resembling that of the index case, or a clinical diagnosis of active TB disease and corroborated contact with a person with culture-confirmed MDR TB. Medical records were reviewed, and patients and their contacts were interviewed. Results: Five secondary TB cases were associated with the index case. Of 369 contacts of the index case, 189 (51%) were evaluated. Of those, 97 (51%) had positive tuberculin skin test (TST) results, 79 (81%) began therapy for latent TB infection (LTBI), and 38 (48%) completed LTBI therapy. Conclusion: Despite consistent follow up by public health officials, a low proportion of patients diagnosed with LTBI completed therapy. Clinicians and public health practitioners who serve immigrant communities should be vigilant for MDR TB. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. RP Miramontes, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. OI Miramontes, Roque/0000-0001-9535-460X NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 103 IS 9 BP 882 EP 886 DI 10.1097/SMJ.0b013e3181eba488 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 645YL UT WOS:000281502000008 PM 20689483 ER PT J AU Stramer, SL Miller, DD Dickson, S Colon, GM Merced, C Hunsperger, EA Munoz, JL Lenteri, MC Tobler, LH Bentsen, C AF Stramer, S. L. Miller, D. D. Dickson, S. Colon, G. M. Merced, C. Hunsperger, E. A. Munoz, J. L. Lenteri, M. C. Tobler, L. H. Bentsen, C. TI Investigational Dengue Virus Blood Donor Screening in Puerto Rico with an NSI Antigen Test SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT AABB Annual Meeting 2010 CY OCT 09-12, 2010 CL Baltimore, MD SP AABB C1 [Stramer, S. L.] Biomed Serv, Sci Support Off, Amer Red Cross, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Miller, D. D.; Dickson, S.] Amer Red Cross, Charlotte Natl Lab, Charlotte, NC USA. [Colon, G. M.; Merced, C.] Amer Red Cross Blood Serv, Puerto Rico Reg, San Juan, PR USA. [Hunsperger, E. A.; Munoz, J. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, San Juan, PR USA. [Lenteri, M. C.; Tobler, L. H.] Blood Syst Res Inst, Immunol & Viral Reference Lab & Repository Core, San Francisco, CA USA. [Bentsen, C.] Biorad Labs, Redmond, WA USA. EM stramers@usa.redcross.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2010 VL 50 SU 2 BP 19A EP 20A PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 649JM UT WOS:000281764900043 ER PT J AU Cantey, PT Stramer, SL Kamel, H Currier, M Townsend, RL Winton, C Ofafa, KN Steurer, FJ Todd, C Montgomery, S AF Cantey, P. T. Stramer, S. L. Kamel, H. Currier, M. Townsend, R. L. Winton, C. Ofafa, K. N. Steurer, F. J. Todd, C. Montgomery, S. TI The US Trypanosome Cruzi Infection Study: Evidence for Autochthonous Trypanosoma Cruzi Transmission Among United States Blood Donors SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT AABB Annual Meeting 2010 CY OCT 09-12, 2010 CL Baltimore, MD SP AABB C1 [Cantey, P. T.] CDC, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cantey, P. T.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stramer, S. L.; Townsend, R. L.; Winton, C.] Amer Red Cross, Sci Support Off, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Kamel, H.; Ofafa, K. N.] Blood Syst Inc, Scottsdale, AZ USA. [Currier, M.] Mississippi Dept Hlth, Jackson, MS USA. [Steurer, F. J.; Todd, C.; Montgomery, S.] CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. EM PCantey@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2010 VL 50 SU 2 BP 32A EP 32A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 649JM UT WOS:000281764900072 ER PT J AU Li, CY Ekwueme, DU Rim, SH Tangka, FK AF Li, Chunyu Ekwueme, Donatus U. Rim, Sun Hee Tangka, Florence K. TI Years of Potential Life Lost and Productivity Losses From Male Urogenital Cancer Deaths-United States, 2004 SO UROLOGY LA English DT Review ID PROSTATE-CANCER; MORTALITY; COSTS; BURDEN; HEALTH AB OBJECTIVES To estimate years of potential life lost (YPLL) and productivity losses due to deaths from male urogenital cancers in the United States in 2004. METHODS To estimate YPLL, we applied a life expectancy method using 2004 national mortality data and life tables. To estimate lifetime productivity losses, we used human capital approach accounting for both the market value and the imputed value of housekeeping services. We calculated results for age and racial/ethnic groups and for 8 categories of male urogenital cancers. RESULTS In 2004, deaths from urological cancers accounted for 244,080 YPLL, with an average of 14.4 YPLL per death, and deaths from genital cancers accounted for 309,921 YPLL, with an average of 10.5 YPLL per death. Kidney cancer accounted for 42.7% YPLL from male urological cancers, and prostate cancer accounted for 94.2% of the YPLL from male genital cancers. Testicular cancer had the highest average number of YPLL per death (37.9). Non-Hispanic whites accounted for 77.9% of the YPLL from male urogenital cancer deaths. Overall, urogenital cancers had the largest relative contribution to YPLL among men aged >50 years. In 2004, the estimated lifetime productivity loss because of deaths from male urogenital cancer was $10.4 billion USD, 10.6% of the estimated $97.9 billion USD loss because of deaths from all cancers among US men. CONCLUSIONS Urogenital cancers impose a considerable health and economic burden in terms of premature deaths and productivity losses in men in the United States, particularly among the elderly and non-Hispanic whites and blacks. UROLOGY 76: 528-535, 2010. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Li, Chunyu; Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Rim, Sun Hee; Tangka, Florence K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Li, CY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM hsf6@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD SEP PY 2010 VL 76 IS 3 BP 528 EP 535 DI 10.1016/j.urology.2010.04.030 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 649AD UT WOS:000281736300004 PM 20573389 ER PT J AU Parker, CS Ghaddar, S Zhang, Q Cooke, B AF Parker, Christopher S. Ghaddar, Sana Zhang, Qing Cooke, Brandi TI Factors Affecting the Willingness of Counselors to Integrate Preconception Care into Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinics SO WOMENS HEALTH ISSUES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PRE-CONCEPTION CARE; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE; PREGNANCY; ALCOHOL; RISK; EXPERIENCE; PROGRAM AB Background: The high rate of unintended pregnancy is an immediate barrier to providing preconception care (PCC). Failure to deliver additional PCC messages at sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics might represent a major missed opportunity to target women at increased risk for unintended pregnancy for behaviors that also put them at risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods: Using a survey questionnaire, we assessed perceptions of PCC and factors influencing the willingness of STD counselors to integrate PCC as an intervention service provided by the STD clinics of 140 STD counselors. We used a cross-sectional design and selected survey participants with a minimum of 2 years' experience in providing HIV pretest and posttest counseling and syphilis interviewing using a nonprobability, purposive sample. Results: The level of occupational responsibility and the amount of time available seemed to affect counselor perceptions of the importance of PCC and whether it should be integrated as an intervention service provided by STD clinics. Findings suggested that, although most STD counselors reported that PCC was an important issue, there was significant variation in the perception of whether PCC should be delivered at STD clinics. Conclusion: STD counselors perceived PCC to be an important intervention service that can be delivered at STD clinics. Additional study is needed to identify factors that might affect full integration into the STD clinic setting. Copyright (C) 2010 by the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Parker, Christopher S.; Zhang, Qing; Cooke, Brandi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, NCBDDD, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ghaddar, Sana] TUI Univ, Cypress, CA USA. RP Parker, CS (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,E-64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cparker@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1049-3867 J9 WOMEN HEALTH ISS JI Womens Health Iss. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 20 IS 5 BP 329 EP 334 DI 10.1016/j.whi.2010.05.005 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies GA 647AX UT WOS:000281588900006 PM 20800769 ER PT J AU Duke, W Shin, M Correa, A Alverson, CJ AF Duke, Wes Shin, Mikyong Correa, Adolfo Alverson, Clinton J. TI Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Management Patterns of Atlanta-Area Obstetricians Regarding Stillbirth SO WOMENS HEALTH ISSUES LA English DT Article ID FETAL-DEATH REPORTS; SURVEILLANCE AB Objective: Existing surveillance data on fetal death certificates are suboptimal for conducting reliable epidemiologic studies on stillbirth. The objective of this survey was to better understand the factors potentially affecting the quality of data collected on stillbirths among a defined population. Methods: A survey was mailed to all physicians (n = 661) listed in the July 2007 version of the American Medical Association master file with a primary specialty of obstetrics/gynecology and a mailing address within five counties in metropolitan Atlanta. Results: A total of 487 physicians met eligibility criteria: 279 returned the survey, 179 did not return the survey, and 29 were returned as unable to locate. Two respondents returned incomplete surveys, leaving 277 participants for the final analysis. Respondents reported seeing an average of six stillbirths per year. A cause of death was not identified in two thirds of cases. Almost half (46.8%) of participants responded that 20 weeks was the minimum gestational age defining stillbirth, whereas 33.1% responded that it was 24 weeks. A majority (92.6%) responded that a standardized definition for stillbirth should be adopted. More than 80% agreed that a comprehensive evaluation was important to identify a cause of death, and 91.9% agreed that the use of a standardized protocol for post-mortem stillbirth evaluation would be helpful. A majority also agreed that ongoing surveillance of stillbirths and a national research agenda on causes of stillbirth are important. Conclusion: Comprehensive educational and awareness efforts for obstetricians and other related health care personnel are needed to further improve on the data collected for surveillance purposes on stillbirth. Copyright (C) 2010 by the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Duke, Wes; Shin, Mikyong; Correa, Adolfo; Alverson, Clinton J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shin, Mikyong] RTI Int, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Duke, W (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cduke@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1049-3867 J9 WOMEN HEALTH ISS JI Womens Health Iss. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 20 IS 5 BP 366 EP 370 DI 10.1016/j.whi.2010.06.004 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies GA 647AX UT WOS:000281588900011 PM 20800773 ER PT J AU Behl, AS Vijayaraghavan, M Nordin, JD Strebel, PM AF Behl, Ajay S. Vijayaraghavan, Maya Nordin, James D. Strebel, Peter M. TI Community-level incentives to increase the use of vaccination services in developing countries: An idea whose time has come? SO VACCINE LA English DT Letter DE Vaccines; Incentives; Developing countries C1 [Behl, Ajay S.; Nordin, James D.] HealthPartners Res Fdn, Minneapolis, MN 55440 USA. [Vijayaraghavan, Maya] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Strebel, Peter M.] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Behl, AS (reprint author), HealthPartners Res Fdn, 8170 33rd Ave S,POB 1524,Mail Stop 21111R, Minneapolis, MN 55440 USA. EM Ajay.S.Behl@HealthPartners.com NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 31 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 38 BP 6123 EP 6124 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.06.115 PG 2 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 654EG UT WOS:000282150700001 PM 20637772 ER PT J AU O'Loughlin, RE Edmond, K Mangtani, P Cohen, AL Shetty, S Hajjeh, R Mulholland, K AF O'Loughlin, Rosalyn E. Edmond, Karen Mangtani, Punam Cohen, Adam L. Shetty, Sharmila Hajjeh, Rana Mulholland, Kim TI Methodology and measurement of the effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine: Systematic review SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE Vaccine effectiveness; Case-control studies; Haemophilus influenza type b vaccine ID CONJUGATE VACCINE; ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION; PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE; INFANT IMMUNIZATION; CHILDREN YOUNGER; SCREENING METHOD; HIB DISEASE; IMPACT; MENINGITIS; PNEUMONIA AB The use of the highly effective Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine has increased globally. We review the benefits and limitations of studies measuring Hib vaccine effectiveness (VE). We critically examine the case-control approach by assessing the similarities and differences in methodology and findings and discuss the need for future Hib VE studies. In the absence of good surveillance data, vaccine effectiveness studies can play an important role, particularly with the increasing use of pneumococcal vaccine that has not been well tested under field conditions in less developed countries. However, the effectiveness of Hib vaccine has been well documented so the need for future VE Hib studies is minimal. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [O'Loughlin, Rosalyn E.; Edmond, Karen; Mangtani, Punam; Mulholland, Kim] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. [Cohen, Adam L.; Shetty, Sharmila; Hajjeh, Rana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP O'Loughlin, RE (reprint author), Concern Worldwide, 52-55 Camden St Lower, Dublin 2, Ireland. EM rosoloughlin@gmail.com NR 45 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 31 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 38 BP 6128 EP 6136 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.06.107 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 654EG UT WOS:000282150700003 PM 20655402 ER PT J AU Reiter, PL McRee, AL Gottlieb, SL Brewer, NT AF Reiter, Paul L. McRee, Annie-Laurie Gottlieb, Sami L. Brewer, Noel T. TI HPV vaccine for adolescent males: Acceptability to parents post-vaccine licensure SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE HPV vaccine; Acceptability; Males ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINE; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; OF-THE-LITERATURE; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; CERVICAL-CANCER; MEN; WOMEN; PREVALENCE AB We examined mothers' willingness to get their adolescent sons HPV vaccine. In December 2009,2 months after approval of HPV vaccine for males, we surveyed a national sample of mothers with sons aged 9-18 (n = 406). More mothers were definitely or probably willing to get their sons HPV vaccine if the vaccine were free (47%) than if it cost $400 out of pocket (11%). The importance of HPV vaccine possibly protecting their sons' future female partners from HPV-related disease was the strongest correlate of willingness. These findings are important to increasing acceptability to parents of HPV vaccine for their sons. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Reiter, Paul L.; Brewer, Noel T.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Reiter, Paul L.; Brewer, Noel T.] Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Gottlieb, Sami L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Reiter, PL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, 323D Rosenau Hall,CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM preiter@email.unc.edu; ntb1@unc.edu RI McRee, Annie/J-3077-2013 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [02577-10]; American Cancer Society [MSRG-06-259-01-CPPB]; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center [R25 CA57726]; Merck Co., Inc.; GlaxoSmithKline FX This study was primarily funded by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 02577-10) with additional support for project staff from the American Cancer Society (MSRG-06-259-01-CPPB) and the Cancer Control Education Program at Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center (R25 CA57726). Members of the CDC were involved in conducting the study and in preparing and submitting this article. None of the other funding sources had a role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript.; Conflicts of interest: Although we do not believe we have any conflicts of interest, we wish to share the following information in the interest of full disclosure. Authors have received research grants from Merck & Co., Inc. (NB, PR) and GlaxoSmithKline (NB), but neither has received honoraria or consulting fees from these companies. These funds were not used to support this research study. NR 37 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 31 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 38 BP 6292 EP 6297 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.06.114 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 654EG UT WOS:000282150700025 PM 20637770 ER PT J AU Singleton, RJ Hess, S Bulkow, LR Castrodale, L Provo, G McMahon, BJ AF Singleton, Rosalyn J. Hess, Sarah Bulkow, Lisa R. Castrodale, Louisa Provo, Ginger McMahon, Brian J. TI Impact of a statewide childhood vaccine program in controlling hepatitis A virus infections in Alaska SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Alaska; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis A vaccine; Alaska Native ID UNITED-STATES; IMMUNIZATION; OUTBREAK; CHILDREN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; NATIVES AB Historically, Alaska experienced cyclic hepatitis A virus (HAV) epidemics, and the HAV rate among Alaska Native people was significantly higher than among other racial/ethnic groups. We evaluated the impact of universal childhood vaccination, initiated in 1996, on HAV epidemiology in Alaska by analyzing HAV cases reported to the State of Alaska. HAV incidence in all age groups declined 98.6% from 60.0/100,000 in 1972-1995 to 0.9/100,000 in 2002-2007. The largest decrease (99.9%) was in Alaska Native people, whose incidence (0.3) in 2002-2007 was lower than the overall U.S. 2007 rate (1.0). Among age groups, the decrease (99.8%) among children aged 0-14 years was the largest. Routine childhood vaccination has nearly eliminated HAV infection in Alaska. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Singleton, Rosalyn J.; Hess, Sarah; McMahon, Brian J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, CDC, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Singleton, Rosalyn J.; Bulkow, Lisa R.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Anchorage, AK USA. [Castrodale, Louisa; Provo, Ginger] Dept Hlth & Social Serv, Epidemiol Sect, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Singleton, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, CDC, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM ris2@cdc.gov; sehess24@yahoo.com; lrb2@cdc.gov; louisa.castrodale@alaska.gov; ginger.provo@alaska.gov; bdm9@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 31 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 38 BP 6298 EP 6304 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.06.113 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 654EG UT WOS:000282150700026 PM 20637769 ER PT J AU Sahni, LC Boom, JA Patel, MM Baker, CJ Rench, MA Parashar, UD Tate, JE AF Sahni, Leila C. Boom, Julie A. Patel, Manish M. Baker, Carol J. Rench, Marcia A. Parashar, Umesh D. Tate, Jacqueline E. TI Use of an immunization information system to assess the effectiveness of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine in US children SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Immunization information system (IIS); Vaccine effectiveness; Rotavirus vaccine ID AGED 19-35 MONTHS; UNITED-STATES; INFLUENZA IMMUNIZATION; REGISTRY; COVERAGE AB Immunization information systems (IISs) are accessible sources of immunization data. We validated immunization information from a local IIS against provider records and assessed the system's utility in evaluating vaccine effectiveness against rotavirus disease using a case-control study. Among the 91% of case and control patients with immunization records, 49% were in the IIS, and 97% had a provider record. Good agreement was observed across record sources (K = 0.65). Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was 82% using IIS data compared to 82-88% using provider data. Controls identified through the IIS provided VE estimates similar to hospital control patients. IIs could represent a valuable source of data for effectiveness evaluations. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sahni, Leila C.; Boom, Julie A.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Immunizat Project, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Sahni, Leila C.; Boom, Julie A.; Baker, Carol J.; Rench, Marcia A.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Ctr Vaccine Awareness & Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Boom, Julie A.; Baker, Carol J.; Rench, Marcia A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Patel, Manish M.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Tate, Jacqueline E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baker, Carol J.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Virol & Microbiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Sahni, LC (reprint author), Texas Childrens Hosp, Immunizat Project, 1102 Bates St,Suite 240, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM lcsahni@texaschildrens.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was funded by a sole source grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that was awarded to Houston Department of Health and Human Services and then to Texas Children's Hospital. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 31 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 38 BP 6314 EP 6317 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.06.109 PG 4 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 654EG UT WOS:000282150700028 PM 20637764 ER PT J AU Shrestha, SS Wallace, GS Meltzer, MI AF Shrestha, Sundar S. Wallace, Gregory S. Meltzer, Martin I. TI Modeling the national pediatric vaccine stockpile: Supply shortages, health impacts and cost consequences SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Pediatric vaccine; Vaccine stockpile; Stockpile targets ID UNITED-STATES AB Pediatric vaccine stockpiles have been in place in the U.S. since 1983 to address the potential disruption in supply of routine pediatric vaccines. Increases in the number of vaccines recommended for pediatric and adolescent patients have increased the cost of stocking and maintaining the stockpile. Based on a spreadsheet-based model (VacStockpile) we developed, we estimated potential supply shortages of 14 stockpiled vaccines as of August 1, 2008 and its health and financial impacts under various shortage and stockpile scenarios. To illustrate the implications of policy options, we compared "high" to "low" stockpile scenarios. The high stockpile scenario ensures a 6-month vaccine supply to vaccinate all children according to recommended schedules. The low scenario comprised of 50% of the high scenario or existing stocks, whichever is smaller. For each vaccine, we used a weighted average of five shortage scenarios ranging from 0% to 100%, in 25% increments. Demand for each vaccine was based on current distribution or birth cohort size. The probabilities of shortages were based on number of manufacturers, market stability, history of manufacturing problems, and production complexity. CDC contract prices were used to estimate costs. Expert opinion and literature provided estimates of health impacts due to shortages. Applying the probabilities of shortages to all vaccines in a single year, the "low" scenario could cost $600 million, with 376,000 vaccine-preventable cases occurring and 1774 deaths. The "high" scenario could cost $2 billion, with an additional $1.6 billion initial stocking, and result in 7100 vaccine-preventable cases occurring and 508 deaths. Based on the assumptions in the model, there is the potential for large differences in outcomes between the scenarios although some outcomes could potentially be averted with measures such as catch-up campaigns after shortages. Using the VacStockpile policy makers can readily evaluate the implications of assumptions and decide which set of assumptions they wish to use in planning. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Shrestha, Sundar S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Coordinating Off Terrorism Preparedness & Emergen, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Wallace, Gregory S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Meltzer, Martin I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Shrestha, SS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Coordinating Off Terrorism Preparedness & Emergen, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop K-10, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM SShrestha@cdc.gov; GWallace@cdc.gov; MMeltzer@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 31 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 38 BP 6318 EP 6332 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.06.095 PG 15 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 654EG UT WOS:000282150700029 PM 20638451 ER PT J AU Sridaran, S McClintock, SK Syphard, LM Herman, KM Barnwell, JW Udhayakumar, V AF Sridaran, Sankar McClintock, Shannon K. Syphard, Luke M. Herman, Karen M. Barnwell, John W. Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam TI Anti-folate drug resistance in Africa: meta-analysis of reported dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) mutant genotype frequencies in African Plasmodium falciparum parasite populations SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Review ID SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE RESISTANCE; CHLORPROGUANIL-DAPSONE TREATMENT; IN-VITRO SUSCEPTIBILITY; LINEAR MIXED MODELS; PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; POINT MUTATIONS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; MALARIA PARASITES; CHLOROQUINE RESISTANCE; CYCLOGUANIL RESISTANCE AB Background: Mutations in the dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) genes of Plasmodium falciparum are associated with resistance to anti-folate drugs, most notably sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP). Molecular studies document the prevalence of these mutations in parasite populations across the African continent. However, there is no systematic review examining the collective epidemiological significance of these studies. This meta-analysis attempts to: 1) summarize genotype frequency data that are critical for molecular surveillance of anti-folate resistance and 2) identify the specific challenges facing the development of future molecular databases. Methods: This review consists of 220 studies published prior to 2009 that report the frequency of select dhfr and dhps mutations in 31 African countries. Maps were created to summarize the location and prevalence of the highly resistant dhfr triple mutant (N51I, C59R, S108N) genotype and dhps double mutant (A437G and K540E) genotype in Africa. A hierarchical mixed effects logistic regression was used to examine the influence of various factors on reported mutant genotype frequency. These factors include: year and location of study, age and clinical status of sampled population, and reporting conventions for mixed genotype data. Results: A database consisting of dhfr and dhps mutant genotype frequencies from all African studies that met selection criteria was created for this analysis. The map illustrates particularly high prevalence of both the dhfr triple and dhps double mutant genotypes along the Kenya-Tanzania border and Malawi. The regression model shows a statistically significant increase in the prevalence of both the dhfr triple and dhps double mutant genotypes in Africa. Conclusion: Increasing prevalence of the dhfr triple mutant and dhps double mutant genotypes in Africa are consistent with the loss of efficacy of SP for treatment of clinical malaria in most parts of this continent. Continued assessment of the effectiveness of SP for the treatment of clinical malaria and intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy is needed. The creation of a centralized resistance data network, such as the one proposed by the WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN), will become a valuable resource for planning timely actions to combat drug resistant malaria. C1 [Sridaran, Sankar; McClintock, Shannon K.; Syphard, Luke M.; Herman, Karen M.; Barnwell, John W.; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sridaran, Sankar; McClintock, Shannon K.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, VAMC, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. RP Udhayakumar, V (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop D-67, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vxu0@cdc.gov RI Pileggi, Shannon/L-1320-2016 OI Pileggi, Shannon/0000-0002-7732-4164 FU Association of Public Health Laboratories, Silver Spring, MD, USA; CDC Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group FX We specifically thank Jeff Henry and the Geospatial Research, Analysis, and Services Program (GRASP) team (Division of Health Studies, National Center for Environmental Health, CDC/ATSDR) and Allen Hightower (Division of Parasitic Diseases, Center for Global Health, CDC) for their critical input and support in the development of the resistant genotype frequency maps. We also thank Alex Rowe and Larry Slutsker (Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, CDC) for comments and edits to drafts of this manuscript. SS and LMS were supported by the Association of Public Health Laboratories, Silver Spring, MD, USA through the Emerging Infectious Disease Fellowship program. SS and SKM received additional support through the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation, VAMC, Atlanta. Funding from the CDC Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group is also acknowledged. NR 102 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD AUG 30 PY 2010 VL 9 AR 247 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-9-247 PG 22 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 657NF UT WOS:000282418700001 PM 20799995 ER PT J AU Braun, JM Daniels, JL Poole, C Olshan, AF Hornung, R Bernert, JT Xia, Y Bearer, C Barr, DB Lanphear, BP AF Braun, Joe M. Daniels, Julie L. Poole, Charles Olshan, Andrew F. Hornung, Richard Bernert, John T. Xia, Yang Bearer, Cynthia Barr, Dana Boyd Lanphear, Bruce P. TI A prospective cohort study of biomarkers of prenatal tobacco smoke exposure: the correlation between serum and meconium and their association with infant birth weight SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID DETECT FETAL EXPOSURE; CORD BLOOD; ENVIRONMENTAL PESTICIDES; COTININE MEASUREMENTS; PREGNANT-WOMEN; UNITED-STATES; NICOTINE; METAANALYSIS; METABOLITES; NONSMOKERS AB Background: The evaluation of infant meconium as a cumulative matrix of prenatal toxicant exposure requires comparison to established biomarkers of prenatal exposure. Methods: We calculated the frequency of detection and concentration of tobacco smoke metabolites measured in meconium (nicotine, cotinine, and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine concentrations) and three serial serum cotinine concentrations taken during the latter two-thirds of pregnancy among 337 mother-infant dyads. We estimated the duration and intensity of prenatal tobacco smoke exposure using serial serum cotinine concentrations and calculated geometric mean meconium tobacco smoke metabolite concentrations according to prenatal exposure. We also compared the estimated associations between these prenatal biomarkers and infant birth weight using linear regression. Results: We detected nicotine (80%), cotinine (69%), and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine (57%) in most meconium samples. Meconium tobacco smoke metabolite concentrations were positively associated with serum cotinine concentrations and increased with the number of serum cotinine measurements consistent with secondhand or active tobacco smoke exposure. Like serum cotinine, meconium tobacco smoke metabolites were inversely associated with birth weight. Conclusions: Meconium is a useful biological matrix for measuring prenatal tobacco smoke exposure and could be used in epidemiological studies that enroll women and infants at birth. Meconium holds promise as a biological matrix for measuring the intensity and duration of environmental toxicant exposure and future studies should validate the utility of meconium using other environmental toxicants. C1 [Braun, Joe M.; Daniels, Julie L.; Poole, Charles; Olshan, Andrew F.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Hornung, Richard; Lanphear, Bruce P.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Gen & Community Pediat, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Bernert, John T.; Xia, Yang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bearer, Cynthia] Univ Maryland, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Barr, Dana Boyd] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, Child & Family Res Inst, British Columbia Childrens Hosp, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Braun, JM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM jbraun@hsph.harvard.edu RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013; Braun, Joseph/H-8649-2014 FU NICHD [T32-HD052468-01]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P30ES10126]; US Environmental Protection Agency [PO1 ES11261] FX This study was funded in part by the NICHD Reproductive, Perinatal, and Pediatric Epidemiology Training Grant (T32-HD052468-01), a grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30ES10126), and from a Children's Environmental Health Center Grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the US Environmental Protection Agency (PO1 ES11261). NR 38 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD AUG 27 PY 2010 VL 9 AR 53 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-9-53 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 655YE UT WOS:000282291300001 PM 20799929 ER PT J AU Wei, CJ Boyington, JC McTamney, PM Kong, WP Pearce, MB Xu, L Andersen, H Rao, S Tumpey, TM Yang, ZY Nabel, GJ AF Wei, Chih-Jen Boyington, Jeffrey C. McTamney, Patrick M. Kong, Wing-Pui Pearce, Melissa B. Xu, Ling Andersen, Hanne Rao, Srinivas Tumpey, Terrence M. Yang, Zhi-Yong Nabel, Gary J. TI Induction of Broadly Neutralizing H1N1 Influenza Antibodies by Vaccination SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINANT ADENOVIRAL VECTORS; VIRUS; IMMUNIZATION; IMMUNOGENICITY; IMMUNITY; EPITOPE; HIV-1 AB The rapid dissemination of the 2009 pandemic influenza virus underscores the need for universal influenza vaccines that elicit protective immunity to diverse viral strains. Here, we show that vaccination with plasmid DNA encoding H1N1 influenza hemagglutinin (HA) and boosting with seasonal vaccine or replication-defective adenovirus 5 vector encoding HA stimulated the production of broadly neutralizing influenza antibodies. This prime/boost combination increased the neutralization of diverse H1N1 strains dating from 1934 to 2007 as compared to either component alone and conferred protection against divergent H1N1 viruses in mice and ferrets. These antibodies were directed to the conserved stem region of HA and were also elicited in nonhuman primates. Cross-neutralization of H1N1 subtypes elicited by this approach provides a basis for the development of a universal influenza vaccine for humans. C1 [Wei, Chih-Jen; Boyington, Jeffrey C.; McTamney, Patrick M.; Kong, Wing-Pui; Xu, Ling; Rao, Srinivas; Yang, Zhi-Yong; Nabel, Gary J.] NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Pearce, Melissa B.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Andersen, Hanne] BIOQUAL, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Nabel, GJ (reprint author), NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM gnabel@nih.gov FU Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH FX We thank A. Ault, J.-P. Todd, A. Zajac, and C. Chiedi for help with the animal studies; K. Dai, W. Shi, and S. Y. Ko for technical support; M. Lewis (BIOQUAL), B. Sanders (BIOQUAL), and members of the Nabel lab for helpful discussions; A. Tislerics and B. Hartman for manuscript preparation; and Y. Okuno for providing the C179 mAb. NIH has filed a patent application (U.S. patent E-341-2008l; international patent WO 2010/036958 A2) on this work (authors: C-J.W., Z-y.Y, and G.J.N.), related to gene-and protein-based approaches to influenza vaccination. This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agency. NR 18 TC 216 Z9 221 U1 6 U2 34 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 27 PY 2010 VL 329 IS 5995 BP 1060 EP 1064 DI 10.1126/science.1192517 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 642WZ UT WOS:000281253500036 PM 20647428 ER PT J AU Kogan, MD Newacheck, PW Blumberg, SJ Ghandour, RM Singh, GK Strickland, BB van Dyck, PC AF Kogan, Michael D. Newacheck, Paul W. Blumberg, Stephen J. Ghandour, Reem M. Singh, Gopal K. Strickland, Bonnie B. van Dyck, Peter C. TI Underinsurance among Children in the United States SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE NEEDS; INSURANCE-COVERAGE; ACCESS; IMPACT; GAPS AB BACKGROUND Recent interest in policy regarding children's health insurance has focused on expanding coverage. Less attention has been devoted to the question of whether insurance sufficiently meets children's needs. METHODS We estimated underinsurance among U. S. children on the basis of data from the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health (sample size, 91,642 children) regarding parents' or guardians' judgments of whether their children's insurance covered needed services and providers and reasonably covered costs. Data on adequacy were combined with data on continuity of insurance coverage to classify children as never insured during the past year, sometimes insured during the past year, continuously insured but inadequately covered (i.e., underinsured), and continuously insured and adequately covered. We examined the association between this classification and five overall indicators of health care access and quality: delayed or forgone care, difficulty obtaining needed care from a specialist, no preventive care, no developmental screening at a preventive visit, and care not meeting the criteria of a medical home. RESULTS We estimated that in 2007, 11 million children were without health insurance for all or part of the year, and 22.7% of children with continuous insurance coverage - 14.1 million children - were underinsured. Older children, Hispanic children, children in fair or poor health, and children with special health care needs were more likely to be underinsured. As compared with children who were continuously and adequately insured, uninsured and underinsured children were more likely to have problems with health care access and quality. CONCLUSIONS The number of underinsured children exceeded the number of children without insurance for all or part of the year studied. Access to health care and the quality of health care are suboptimal for uninsured and underinsured children. (Funded by the Health Resources and Services Administration.) C1 [Kogan, Michael D.; Ghandour, Reem M.; Singh, Gopal K.; Strickland, Bonnie B.; van Dyck, Peter C.] US Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Maternal & Child Hlth Bur, US Dept HHS, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Blumberg, Stephen J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Newacheck, Paul W.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Philip R Lee Inst Hlth Policy Studies, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Newacheck, Paul W.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Kogan, MD (reprint author), US Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Maternal & Child Hlth Bur, US Dept HHS, 5600 Fishers Ln,Rm 18-41, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. EM mkogan@hrsa.gov FU Health Resources and Services Administration FX Funded by the Health Resources and Services Administration NR 30 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 7 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD AUG 26 PY 2010 VL 363 IS 9 BP 841 EP 851 DI 10.1056/NEJMsa0909994 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 642HG UT WOS:000281196600007 PM 20818845 ER PT J AU Bedogni, G Kahn, HS Bellentani, S Tiribelli, C AF Bedogni, Giorgio Kahn, Henry S. Bellentani, Stefano Tiribelli, Claudio TI A simple index of lipid overaccumulation is a good marker of liver steatosis SO BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FATTY LIVER; GENERAL-POPULATION; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS; NATURAL COURSE; DISEASE; DIONYSOS; REGRESSION; RISK; ATHEROSCLEROSIS AB Background: Liver steatosis is often found in association with common cardiometabolic disorders, conditions that may all occur in a shared context of abdominal obesity and dyslipidemia. An algorithm for identifying liver steatosis is the fatty liver index (FLI). The lipid accumulation product (LAP) is an index formulated in a representative sample of the US population to identify cardiometabolic disorders. Because FLI and LAP share two components, namely waist circumference and fasting triglycerides, we evaluated the ability of LAP to identify liver steatosis in the same study population from the Northern Italian town where FLI was initially developed. Methods: We studied 588 individuals (59% males) aged 21 to 79 years. Liver steatosis was detected by ultrasonography and coded ordinally as none, intermediate and severe. 44% of the individuals had liver steatosis. Using proportional-odds ordinal logistic regression, we evaluated the ability of log-transformed LAP (InLAP) to identify liver steatosis. We considered the benefits to our model of including terms for sex, age, suspected liver disease and ethanol intake. We calculated the 3-level probability of liver steatosis according to InLAP and sex, providing tables and nomograms for risk assessment. Results: An ordinal proportional-odds model consisting of InLAP and sex offered a reasonably accurate identification of liver steatosis. The odds of more severe vs. less severe steatosis increased for increasing values of InLAP (odds ratio [OR] = 4.28, 95% CI 3.28 to 5.58 for each log-unit increment) and was more likely among males (OR = 1.88, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.69). Conclusion: In a study sample of adults from Northern Italy, the simple calculation of LAP was a reasonably accurate approach to recognizing individuals with ultrasonographic liver steatosis. LAP may help primary care physicians to select subjects for liver ultrasonography and intensified lifestyle counseling, and researchers to select patients for epidemiologic studies. A more thorough assessment of LAP's potential for identifying liver steatosis will require its cross-evaluation in external populations. C1 [Bedogni, Giorgio; Tiribelli, Claudio] Univ Trieste, I-34012 Trieste, Italy. [Bedogni, Giorgio; Tiribelli, Claudio] Liver Res Ctr, I-34012 Trieste, Italy. [Bedogni, Giorgio] Univ Milan, Fdn IRCCS Ca Granda Osped Maggiore Policlin, Dept Maternal & Pediat Sci, Milan, Italy. [Kahn, Henry S.] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bellentani, Stefano] Ramazzini Hosp, Azienda USL Modena, Ctr Liver, Modena, Italy. RP Bedogni, G (reprint author), Univ Trieste, Bldg Q,AREA Sci Pk,Str Statale 14,Km 163-5, I-34012 Trieste, Italy. EM gbedogni@units.it OI Kahn, Henry/0000-0003-2533-1562 FU Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Modena; Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Gorizia; Banca Popolare dell'Emilia Romagna; Comune di Campogalliano; Azienda USL di Modena; Assessorato alla Sanita della Regione Emilia Romagna; Assessorato alla Sanita della Regione Friuli Venezia Giulia; Amici del Fegato-ONLUS; Centro Studi Fegato/Fondazione Italiana del Fegato-ONLUS FX The Dionysos Nutrition and Liver Study was supported by grants from Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Modena, Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Gorizia, Banca Popolare dell'Emilia Romagna, Comune di Campogalliano, Azienda USL di Modena, Assessorato alla Sanita della Regione Emilia Romagna, Assessorato alla Sanita della Regione Friuli Venezia Giulia, Amici del Fegato-ONLUS and Centro Studi Fegato/Fondazione Italiana del Fegato-ONLUS. NR 42 TC 65 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-230X J9 BMC GASTROENTEROL JI BMC Gastroenterol. PD AUG 25 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 98 DI 10.1186/1471-230X-10-98 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 662AK UT WOS:000282777500001 PM 20738844 ER PT J AU Pauk, J Gonchar, M Baer, A Kwan-Gett, TS Duchin, J DeBolt, C Russell, D Reynolds, M Wilkins, K Davidson, W Li, Y Karem, K Damon, I Kay, M McCollum, AM AF Pauk, J. Gonchar, M. Baer, A. Kwan-Gett, T. S. Duchin, J. DeBolt, C. Russell, D. Reynolds, M. Wilkins, K. Davidson, W. Li, Y. Karem, K. Damon, I. Kay, M. McCollum, A. M. TI Vaccinia Virus Infection After Sexual Contact With a Military Smallpox Vaccinee-Washington, 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 773-775, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Pauk, J.; Gonchar, M.] The Polyclinic, Seattle, WA USA. [Baer, A.; Kwan-Gett, T. S.; Duchin, J.] Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, Seattle, WA USA. [DeBolt, C.; Russell, D.] Washington State Dept Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Kay, M.; McCollum, A. M.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 25 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 8 BP 847 EP 849 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 644OY UT WOS:000281389900010 ER PT J AU Richardson, LC Rim, SH Plescia, M AF Richardson, L. C. Rim, S. H. Plescia, M. TI Vital Signs: Breast Cancer Screening Among Women Aged 50-74 Years-United States, 2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 813-816, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID RATES; TRENDS; IMPACT AB Background: Breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer deaths for women in the United States. Screening with treatment has lowered breast cancer mortality. Methods: Every 2 years, CDC uses Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data to estimate mammography prevalence in the United States. Up-to-date mammography prevalence is calculated for women aged 50-74 years who report they had the test in the preceding 2 years. Results: For 2008, overall, age-adjusted, up-to-date mammography prevalence for U.S. women aged 50-74 years was 81.1%, compared with 81.5% in 2006. Among the lowest prevalences reported were those by women aged 50-59 years (79.9%), persons who did not finish high school (72.6%), American Indian/Alaska Natives (70.4%), those with annual household income <$15,000 (69.4%), and those without health insurance (56.3%). Highest mammography prevalence was among residents of the northeastern United States. Conclusions: In recent years, mammography rates have plateaued. Critical gaps in screening remain for certain racial/ethnic groups and lower socioeconomic groups, and for the uninsured. Implications for Public Health Practice: Health-care reform is likely to increase access by increasing insurance coverage and by reducing out-of-pocket costs for mammography screening. Widespread implementation of evidence-based interventions also will be needed to increase screening rates. These include patient and provider reminders to schedule a mammogram, use of small media (e.g., videos, letters, brochures, and flyers), one-on-one education of women, and reduction of structural barriers (e.g., more convenient hours and attention to language, health literacy, and cultural factors). Breast cancer remains the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women in the United States. In 2006 (the most recent data available), approximately 191,410 women were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer, and 40,820 women died.(1) The incidence and mortality have been declining since 1996 at a rate of approximately 2% per year,(2) possibly as a result of widespread screening with mammography and the development of more effective therapies.(3) Mammography use declined slightly in 2004, but rose again in 2006.(4,5) This Vital Signs report updates mammography screening prevalence in the United States, using data from the 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). C1 [Richardson, L. C.; Rim, S. H.; Plescia, M.] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Richardson, LC (reprint author), CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 25 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 8 BP 851 EP 852 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 644OY UT WOS:000281389900012 ER PT J AU Egger, JR Konty, KJ Borrelli, JM Cummiskey, J Blank, S AF Egger, Joseph R. Konty, Kevin J. Borrelli, Jessica M. Cummiskey, Julia Blank, Susan TI Monitoring Temporal Changes in the Specificity of an Oral HIV Test: A Novel Application for Use in Postmarketing Surveillance SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NEW-YORK-CITY AB Background: Postmarketing surveillance is routinely conducted to monitor performance of pharmaceuticals and testing devices in the marketplace. However, these surveillance methods are often done retrospectively and, as a result, are not designed to detect issues with performance in real-time. Methods and Findings: Using HIV antibody screening test data from New York City STD clinics, we developed a formal, statistical method of prospectively detecting temporal clusters of poor performance of a screening test. From 2005 to 2008, New York City, as well as other states, observed unexpectedly high false-positive (FP) rates in an oral fluid-based rapid test used for screening HIV. We attempted to formally assess whether the performance of this HIV screening test statistically deviated from both local expectation and the manufacturer's claim for the test. Results indicate that there were two significant temporal clusters in the FP rate of the oral HIV test, both of which exceeded the manufacturer's upper limit of the 95% CI for the product. Furthermore, the FP rate of the test varied significantly by both STD clinic and test lot, though not by test operator. Conclusions: Continuous monitoring of surveillance data has the benefit of providing information regarding test performance, and if conducted in real-time, it can enable programs to examine reasons for poor test performance in close proximity to the occurrence. Techniques used in this study could be a valuable addition for postmarketing surveillance of test performance and may become particularly important with the increase in rapid testing methods. C1 [Egger, Joseph R.; Konty, Kevin J.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur Epidemiol Serv, New York, NY USA. [Borrelli, Jessica M.; Cummiskey, Julia; Blank, Susan] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur STD Prevent & Control, New York, NY USA. [Blank, Susan] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Egger, JR (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur Epidemiol Serv, New York, NY USA. EM jegger@health.nyc.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 25 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 8 AR e12231 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0012231 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 642RO UT WOS:000281234700003 PM 20811502 ER PT J AU Cui, FQ Li, L Hadler, SC Wang, FZ Zheng, H Chen, YS Gong, XH Hutin, YJ Cairns, KL Liang, XF Yang, WZ AF Cui, Fuqiang Li, Li Hadler, Stephen C. Wang, Fuzhen Zheng, Hui Chen, Yuansheng Gong, Xiaohong Hutin, Yvan J. Cairns, K. Lisa Liang, Xiaofeng Yang, Weizhong TI Factors associated with effectiveness of the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine in China: 1992-2005 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis B; Vaccine; Birth dose; HBsAg ID NEWBORN-INFANTS; VIRUS-INFECTION; IMMUNIZATION; TRANSMISSION; COVERAGE; IMPACT AB Background: In China, the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection was high because of perinatal and early childhood transmission. A three-dose hepatitis B vaccine schedule with a first dose as soon as possible after birth was introduced in 1992 and generalized in 2002 in the Expanded Programme of Immunization (EPI). In 2006, a serological survey evaluated the effectiveness of vaccination. Methods: We conducted a restricted analysis of the national serological survey that sampled children and collected information on demographic characteristics, birth history, hepatitis B vaccination and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) status as determined by ELISA testing. We compared children who received the first dose in a timely way (i.e., within 24 h of birth) with others in terms of HBsAg status, stratified by birth cohort and place of birth. Results: Three-dose hepatitis B vaccine coverage increased from 60.8% for children born in 1992-1997 to 93.2% for children born in 2002-2005. Meanwhile, timely birth dose coverage increased from 38.7% to 74.4%. Among 29,410 children born in 1992-2005 who had received three vaccine doses and no hepatitis B immune globulin, factors associated with being HBsAg-negative in multivariate analysis included receiving a timely birth dose (p = 0.04), birth after 1998 (p < 0.001), living in an urban setting (p = 0.008) and hospital birth (p = 0.001). The relative prevalence of HBsAg among children receiving the timely birth dose was lower for children born in county or larger hospitals (0.39), intermediate in township hospitals (0.73) and highest at home (0.87). Conclusions: Hospital birth and receiving a timely birth dose are the main determinants of the field effectiveness of the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine. Efforts to increase the proportion of hospital deliveries are key to increasing timely birth dose coverage and its effectiveness. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yang, Weizhong] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Hadler, Stephen C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Yang, WZ (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, 27 Nanwei Rd, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM cuifuq@126.com FU Ministry of Health and Ministry of Science and Technology [2008zx10002-001] FX Funded by the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Science and Technology, Grant number 2008zx10002-001. NR 21 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 23 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 37 BP 5973 EP 5978 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.06.111 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 647OF UT WOS:000281627100008 PM 20637773 ER PT J AU Goodson, JL Perry, RT Mach, O Manyanga, D Luman, ET Kitambi, M Kibona, M Wiesen, E Cairns, KL AF Goodson, James L. Perry, Robert T. Mach, Ondrej Manyanga, David Luman, Elizabeth T. Kitambi, Mary Kibona, Mary Wiesen, Eric Cairns, K. Lisa TI Measles outbreak in Tanzania, 2006-2007 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Measles; Outbreak; Vaccination; Strategy; Immunization ID VACCINE EFFECTIVENESS; MORTALITY REDUCTION; EFFICACY; PROGRESS; EXPOSURE; CHILDREN; VIRUS; FIELD; AGE AB We conducted a measles outbreak investigation in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Surveillance data were analyzed; a susceptibility profile developed, and case-control study conducted. The age distribution of cases peaked among those <2, 5-7, and >= 18 years, corresponding to the age distribution of susceptibles. Risk factors included being unvaccinated (aOR = 5.7, p < 0.01) or having received one dose of vaccine compared to two (aOR = 2.4, p = 0.01), being younger, and having a less-educated caretaker. Vaccine effectiveness was 88% (one dose) and 96% (two doses). Results highlight the importance of receiving one dose of measles vaccine, and the added benefit of two doses. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Goodson, James L.; Perry, Robert T.; Mach, Ondrej; Luman, Elizabeth T.; Cairns, K. Lisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Goodson, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JGoodson@cdc.gov FU Tanzania Ministry of Health; World Health Organization; United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This work was supported by Tanzania Ministry of Health; World Health Organization; and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. The authors would like to thank Dr. Balcha Masresha, Dr. Vance Dietz, and Dr. Peter Strebel for their guidance and support during this study and Me Luis Lowe, and Dr. Elena Lopareva of CDC for technical assistance with viral genotyping. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 23 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 37 BP 5979 EP 5985 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.06.110 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 647OF UT WOS:000281627100009 PM 20637771 ER PT J AU Ashley, K AF Ashley, Kevin TI Ultra-trace determination of beryllium in occupational hygiene samples SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ashley, Kevin] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 37-CHAS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164701128 ER PT J AU Li, Z Mulholland, JA Romanoff, LC Pittman, EN Trinidad, DA Sjodin, A AF Li, Zheng Mulholland, James A. Romanoff, Lovisa C. Pittman, Erin N. Trinidad, Debra A. Sjodin, Andreas TI Assessment of non-occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons through personal air sampling and urinary biomonitoring SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Environm & Civil Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 121-TOXI PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164707246 ER PT J AU Lu, MM Agnew, RE Birch, ME AF Lu, Mingming Agnew, Rachel E. Birch, M. Eileen TI Investigation of health relevant physical and chemical properties of select engineered carbon nanomaterials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 78-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164702759 ER PT J AU Pittman, C Lemire, S Swaim, L Johnson, R AF Pittman, Chris Lemire, Sharon Swaim, Leigh Johnson, Rudolph TI Determination of a-amanitin in human urine by negative ion MRM and LC/MS/MS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 36-CHAS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164701127 ER PT J AU Snyder, JL AF Snyder, Jay L. TI Application of chemistry to end-of service life determination of personal protective equipment SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Snyder, Jay L.] NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, CDC, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 34-CHAS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164701125 ER PT J AU Streicher, RP Bello, D Nourian, F Ernst, K AF Streicher, Robert P. Bello, Dhimiter Nourian, Fariba Ernst, Kathleen TI Determination of total reactive isocyanate group (TRIG) using 1,8-diaminonaphthalene (DAN) as a derivatizing reagent SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Work Environm Dpt, Sch Hlth & Environm, Lowell, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 38-CHAS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164701129 ER PT J AU Watson, CH AF Watson, Clifford H. TI Non-invasive means for estimating a smoker's uptake of harmful chemicals SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Watson, Clifford H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 33-CHAS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164701124 ER PT J AU Armah, GE Sow, SO Breiman, RF Dallas, MJ Tapia, MD Feikin, DR Binka, FN Steele, AD Laserson, KF Ansah, NA Levine, MM Lewis, K Coia, ML Attah-Poku, M Ojwando, J Rivers, SB Victor, JC Nyambane, G Hodgson, A Schodel, F Ciarlet, M Neuzil, KM AF Armah, George E. Sow, Samba O. Breiman, Robert F. Dallas, Michael J. Tapia, Milagritos D. Feikin, Daniel R. Binka, Fred N. Steele, A. Duncan Laserson, Kayla F. Ansah, Nana A. Levine, Myron M. Lewis, Kristen Coia, Michele L. Attah-Poku, Margaret Ojwando, Joel Rivers, Stephen B. Victor, John C. Nyambane, Geoffrey Hodgson, Abraham Schoedel, Florian Ciarlet, Max Neuzil, Kathleen M. TI Efficacy of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants in developing countries in sub-Saharan Africa: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; FINNISH CHILDREN; CONCOMITANT USE; UNITED-STATES; MORTALITY; SAFETY; IMMUNOGENICITY; DISEASE; ZINC; LIFE AB Background Rotavirus gastroenteritis causes many deaths in infants in sub-Saharan Africa. Because rotavirus vaccines have proven effective in developed countries but had not been tested in developing countries, we assessed efficacy of a pentavalent rotavirus vaccine against severe disease in Ghana, Kenya, and Mali between April, 2007, and March, 2009. Methods In our multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, undertaken in rural areas of Ghana and Kenya and an urban area of Mali, we randomly assigned infants aged 4-12 weeks without symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders in a 1:1 ratio to receive three oral doses of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine 2 mL or placebo at around 6 weeks, 10 weeks, and 14 weeks of age. Infants with HIV infection were not excluded. Randomisation was done by computer-generated randomisation sequence in blocks of six. We obtained data for gastrointestinal symptoms from parents on presentation to health-care facilities and clinical data were obtained prospectively by clinicians. The primary endpoint was severe rotavirus gastroenteritis (Vesikari score >= 11), detected by enzyme immunoassay, arising 14 days or more after the third dose of placebo or vaccine to end of study (March 31,2009; around 21 months of age). Analysis was per protocol; infants who received scheduled doses of vaccine or placebo without intervening laboratory-confirmed naturally occurring rotavirus disease earlier than 14 days after the third dose and had complete clinical and laboratory results were included in the analysis. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00362648. Findings 5468 infants were randomly assigned to receive pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (n=2733) or placebo (n=2735). 2357 infants assigned to vaccine and 2348 assigned to placebo were included in the per-protocol analysis. 79 cases of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis were reported in 2610.6 person-years in the vaccine group, compared with 129 cases in 2585.9 person-years in the placebo group, resulting in a vaccine efficacy against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis of 39.3% (95% CI 19.1-54.7, p=0.0003 for efficacy >0%). Median follow-up in both groups was 527 days starting 14 days after the third dose of vaccine or placebo was given. 42 (1.5%) of 2723 infants assigned to receive vaccine and 45 (1.7%) of 2724 infants assigned to receive placebo had a serious adverse event within 14 days of any dose. The most frequent serious adverse event was gastroenteritis (vaccine 17 [0.6%]; placebo 17 [0.6%]). Interpretation Pentavalent rotavirus vaccine is effective against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in the first 2 years of life in African countries with high mortality in infants younger than 5 years. We support WHO's recommendation for adoption of rotavirus vaccine into national expanded programmes on immunisation in Africa. C1 [Lewis, Kristen; Victor, John C.; Neuzil, Kathleen M.] PATH, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. [Armah, George E.; Attah-Poku, Margaret] Univ Ghana, Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Accra, Ghana. [Binka, Fred N.] Univ Ghana, Sch Publ Hlth, Accra, Ghana. [Sow, Samba O.; Tapia, Milagritos D.] Ctr Vaccine Dev, Bamako, Mali. [Breiman, Robert F.; Feikin, Daniel R.; Ojwando, Joel; Nyambane, Geoffrey] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Breiman, Robert F.; Laserson, Kayla F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Breiman, Robert F.; Feikin, Daniel R.; Laserson, Kayla F.; Ojwando, Joel; Nyambane, Geoffrey] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Breiman, Robert F.; Feikin, Daniel R.; Laserson, Kayla F.; Ojwando, Joel; Nyambane, Geoffrey] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Kisumu, Kenya. [Dallas, Michael J.; Coia, Michele L.; Rivers, Stephen B.; Schoedel, Florian; Ciarlet, Max] Merck Res Labs, N Wales, PA USA. [Tapia, Milagritos D.; Levine, Myron M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Steele, A. Duncan] WHO, Initiat Vaccine Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Ansah, Nana A.; Hodgson, Abraham] Navrongo Hlth Res Ctr, Navrongo, Ghana. RP Neuzil, KM (reprint author), PATH, POB 900922, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM kneuzil@path.org OI Victor, John/0000-0002-7970-6588 FU PATH's Rotavirus Vaccine Program; GAVI Alliance FX This study, with protocol V260-015, was designed, managed, undertaken, and analysed by the co-sponsors in collaboration with the site investigators and under the supervision and advice of the data and safety monitoring board. Investigators and their institutions were funded by PATH's Rotavirus Vaccine Program, with a grant from the GAVI Alliance. This report is published with the permission of the Director of Kenya Medical Research Institute. We thank the volunteers and their families; the Kasena-Nankana District Health Management team and Ernest Opoku, Michael Babayara, Abdul Wahab Ernest Sobe, Susan Damanka, and Belinda Lartey (Ghana); Earnest Cook, Daveline Nyakundi, Janet Oyieko, Tony Sang, and Allan Audi (Kenya); the study coordinators Fadima Cheick Haidara, Fatoumata Diallo, and Rokiatou Dembele (Mali); Mamoudou Kodio for vaccine management (Mali); field supervisors Moussa Doumbia, Oumou Traore Kone, Kindia Camara, and Glodie Doumbia (Mali); Uma Uduma Onwuchekwa, Boubacar Diallo, Kadiatou Kone, Mamadou B Traore, and Oualy Diawara for overall data management (Mali); the numerous field workers (Mali); the members of the data and safety monitoring board (King Holmes [Chairman], Wasif Ali Khan, Edward Tsiri Agbenyega, Grace Irimu, Mamadou Marouf Keita, Dinh Sy Hien, Nik Zarifah Nik Hussain Reed, and Janet Wittes); Joyce Erickson (PATH) for contracting and financial analysis; Carolien Bakker and David Oxley (PATH) for administrative assistance; Penny M Heaton and Michelle G Goveia for their contribution to the design of the study; Bradley Raybold for contributions to the initiation and implementation of the study; Jody Lawrence for overseeing medical monitoring; Fay DiCandilo and Margaret Nelson for contributing to careful review of the data; Donna Hyatt for data management; Laura Mallette and Vladimir Liska for laboratory data coordination; Richard Ward and Monica McNeal for overseeing laboratory assays; Tracy Burke for ensuring adequate vaccine and placebo supplies; and Family Health International and PharmaLink, especially Carolyn Enloe, Vivian Bragg, Laura Niver, Jen Auerbach, Linda McNeil, and all the Family Health International field monitors and safety-reporting staff. NR 38 TC 304 Z9 309 U1 0 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD AUG 21 PY 2010 VL 376 IS 9741 BP 606 EP 614 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60889-6 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 643PB UT WOS:000281309100031 PM 20692030 ER PT J AU Craw, J Gardner, L Rossman, A Gruber, D Noreen, O Jordan, D Rapp, R Simpson, C Phillips, K AF Craw, Jason Gardner, Lytt Rossman, Amber Gruber, DeAnn Noreen, O'Donnell Jordan, Diana Rapp, Richard Simpson, Cathy Phillips, Karen TI Structural factors and best practices in implementing a linkage to HIV care program using the ARTAS model SO BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID URBAN EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT; HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION; VIRAL LOAD; INFECTION; RETENTION AB Background: Implementation of linkage to HIV care programs in the U.S. is poorly described in the literature despite the central role of these programs in delivering clients from HIV testing facilities to clinical care sites. Models demonstrating success in linking clients to HIV care from testing locations that do not have co-located medical care are especially needed. Methods: Data from the Antiretroviral Treatment Access Studies-II project ('ARTAS-II') as well as site visit and project director reports were used to describe structural factors and best practices found in successful linkage to care programs. Successful programs were able to identify recently diagnosed HIV-positive persons and ensure that a high percentage of persons attended an initial HIV primary care provider visit within six months of enrolling in the linkage program. Results: Eight categories of best practices are described, supplemented by examples from 5 of 10 ARTAS-II sites. These five sites highlighted in the best practices enrolled a total of 352 HIV+ clients and averaged 85% linked to care after six months. The other five grantees enrolled 274 clients and averaged 72% linked to care after six months. Sites with co-located HIV primary medical care services had higher linkage to care rates than non-colocated sites (87% vs. 73%). Five grantees continued linkage to care activities in some capacity after project funding ended. Conclusions: With the push to expand HIV testing in all U.S. communities, implementation and evaluation of linkage to care programs is needed to maximize the benefits of expanded HIV testing efforts C1 [Craw, Jason] Northrop Grumman Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Craw, Jason; Gardner, Lytt] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rossman, Amber] Kansas City Free Hlth Clin, Community Serv Dept, Kansas City, MO USA. [Gruber, DeAnn] HIV AIDS Program, Louisiana Off Publ Hlth, New Orleans, LA USA. [Noreen, O'Donnell] S Carolina Dept Hlth & Environm Control, Columbia, SC 29201 USA. [Jordan, Diana] HIV Care Serv, Virginia Dept Hlth, Div Dis Prevent, Richmond, VA USA. [Rapp, Richard] Wright State Univ Boonshoft Sch Med, Ctr Intervent Treatment & Addict Res, Dayton, OH USA. [Simpson, Cathy] Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Phillips, Karen] Hlth Serv Ctr Inc, Anniston, AL USA. RP Craw, J (reprint author), Northrop Grumman Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. EM JCraw@cdc.gov; LGardner@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1472-6963 J9 BMC HEALTH SERV RES JI BMC Health Serv. Res. PD AUG 20 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 246 DI 10.1186/1472-6963-10-246 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 662JM UT WOS:000282803600003 PM 20727189 ER PT J AU Klempner, MS Talbot, EA Lee, SI Zaki, S Ferraro, MJ AF Klempner, Mark S. Talbot, Elizabeth A. Lee, Susanna I. Zaki, Sherif Ferraro, Mary Jane TI A Woman with Abdominal Pain and Shock Intestinal anthrax SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE SYNDROME; DANGER; SEPSIS; DAMPS C1 [Klempner, Mark S.] Boston Univ, Med Ctr, Natl Emerging Infect Dis Labs, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Klempner, Mark S.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Lee, Susanna I.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Ferraro, Mary Jane] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Clin Microbiol Lab, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Lee, Susanna I.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ferraro, Mary Jane] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Talbot, Elizabeth A.] Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. [Talbot, Elizabeth A.] Dartmouth Coll, Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Med, Hanover, NH 03756 USA. [Zaki, Sherif] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Klempner, MS (reprint author), Boston Univ, Med Ctr, Natl Emerging Infect Dis Labs, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD AUG 19 PY 2010 VL 363 IS 8 BP 766 EP 777 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 639TE UT WOS:000280996600012 PM 20818879 ER PT J AU Lindsey, NP Lehman, JA Greiner, AL Staples, JE Komar, N Zielinski-Gutierrez, E Nasci, RS Fischer, M AF Lindsey, N. P. Lehman, J. A. Greiner, A. L. Staples, J. E. Komar, N. Zielinski-Gutierrez, E. Nasci, R. S. Fischer, M. TI West Nile Virus Activity-United States, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 769-772, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID EPIDEMIOLOGY; DISEASE C1 [Lindsey, N. P.; Lehman, J. A.; Greiner, A. L.; Staples, J. E.; Komar, N.; Zielinski-Gutierrez, E.; Nasci, R. S.; Fischer, M.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lindsey, NP (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 18 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 7 BP 734 EP 736 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 639SB UT WOS:000280993700008 ER PT J AU Luce, R Rivera, A Mohammed, H Tomashek, KM Lehman, J AF Luce, R. Rivera, A. Mohammed, H. Tomashek, K. M. Lehman, J. TI Travel-Associated Dengue Surveillance-United States, 2006-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, 715-719, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID FEVER C1 [Luce, R.; Rivera, A.; Mohammed, H.; Tomashek, K. M.; Lehman, J.] CDC, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Luce, R (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 18 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 7 BP 736 EP 738 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 639SB UT WOS:000280993700009 ER PT J AU Gunn, JP Kuklina, EV Keenan, NL Labarthe, DR AF Gunn, J. Peralez Kuklina, E. V. Keenan, N. L. Labarthe, D. R. TI Sodium Intake Among Adults-United States, 2005-2006 (Reprinted from vol 59, pg 746-749, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Gunn, J. Peralez; Kuklina, E. V.; Keenan, N. L.; Labarthe, D. R.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gunn, JP (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 18 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 7 BP 738 EP 740 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 639SB UT WOS:000280993700010 ER PT J AU Adjorlolo-Johnson, G Unger, ER Boni-Ouattara, E Toure-Coulibaly, K Maurice, C Vernon, SD Sissoko, M Greenberg, AE Wiktor, SZ Chorba, TL AF Adjorlolo-Johnson, Georgette Unger, Elizabeth R. Boni-Ouattara, Edith Toure-Coulibaly, Kadidiata Maurice, Chantal Vernon, Suzanne D. Sissoko, Marcel Greenberg, Alan E. Wiktor, Stefan Z. Chorba, Terence L. TI Assessing the relationship between HIV infection and cervical cancer in Cote d'Ivoire: A case-control study SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONS; INCREASED RISK; AFRICAN WOMEN; SOUTH-AFRICA; IVORY-COAST; ABIDJAN; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; HYBRIDIZATION AB Background: The association between HIV infection and invasive cervical cancer that has been reported may reflect differential prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection or uncontrolled confounding. We conducted a case-control study in a West African population to assess the relationship between HIV infection and invasive cervical cancer, taking into account HPV infection and other potential risk factors for cervical cancer. Methods: Women with invasive cervical cancer (cases) or normal cervical cytology (controls) were recruited in a hospital-based case-control study in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated in logistic regression analyses controlling for important cofactors. Results: HIV infection was noted in 22/132 (16.7%) cases and 10/120 (8.3%) controls (p = 0.048). High-risk HPV infection was detected in cervical tumor samples from 89.4% of case-participants and in cervical cytology samples in 31.1% of control-participants. In logistic regression analysis, HIV infection was associated with cervical cancer in women with HPV (OR 3.4; 95% CI 1.1-10.8). Among women aged <= 40 years, risk factors for cervical cancer were high-risk HPV infection (OR 49.3; 95% CI 8.2-295.7); parity > 2 (OR 7.0; 95% CI 1.9-25.7) and HIV infection (OR 4.5; 95% CI 1.5-13.6). Among women aged > 40 years, high-risk HPV infection (OR 23.5; 95% CI 9.1-60.6) and parity > 2 (OR 5.5; 95% CI 2.3-13.4), but association with HIV infection was not statistically significant. Conclusions: These data support the hypothesis that HIV infection is a cofactor for cervical cancer in women with HPV infection, and, as in all populations, the need for promoting cervical screening in populations with high prevalence of HIV infection. C1 [Adjorlolo-Johnson, Georgette; Boni-Ouattara, Edith; Maurice, Chantal; Greenberg, Alan E.; Wiktor, Stefan Z.; Chorba, Terence L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global HIV AIDS Program, Projet RETRO CI, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Toure-Coulibaly, Kadidiata] Ctr Hosp Univ Treichville, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Sissoko, Marcel] Ctr Hosp Univ Yopougon, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Greenberg, Alan E.; Chorba, Terence L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Unger, Elizabeth R.; Vernon, Suzanne D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wiktor, Stefan Z.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Adjorlolo-Johnson, G (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global HIV AIDS Program, Projet RETRO CI, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. EM gajohnson@pedaids.org OI Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Treichville; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Yopougon, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire; University of California Berkeley [I-D43-TW00003] FX The authors are grateful to Drs. Ayemou Francois and Antoine Anhoux for assistance in data collection and Ms. Odette Tossou for data management. The main funding source for the study was the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Funding sources for data collection were the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Treichville and the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Yopougon, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. GAJ received a fellowship from the Fogarty International Training and Research grant (No I-D43-TW00003), University of California Berkeley. NR 43 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD AUG 17 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 242 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-10-242 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 666TJ UT WOS:000283142700002 PM 20716343 ER PT J AU Kalb, SR Garcia-Rodriguez, C Lou, JL Baudys, J Smith, TJ Marks, JD Smith, LA Pirkle, JL Barr, JR AF Kalb, Suzanne R. Garcia-Rodriguez, Consuelo Lou, Jianlong Baudys, Jakub Smith, Theresa J. Marks, James D. Smith, Leonard A. Pirkle, James L. Barr, John R. TI Extraction of BoNT/A,/B,/E, and /F with a Single, High Affinity Monoclonal Antibody for Detection of Botulinum Neurotoxin by Endopep-MS SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; TOXIN; DIFFERENTIATION; SUBTYPES; DISPLAY AB Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are extremely potent toxins that are capable of causing respiratory failure leading to long-term intensive care or death. The best treatment for botulism includes serotype-specific antitoxins, which are most effective when administered early in the course of the intoxication. Early confirmation of human exposure to any serotype of BoNT is an important public health goal. In previous work, we focused on developing Endopep-MS, a mass spectrometry-based endopeptidase method for detecting and differentiating the seven serotypes (BoNT/A-G) in buffer and BoNT/A, /B, /E, and /F (the four serotypes that commonly affect humans) in clinical samples. We have previously reported the success of antibody-capture to purify and concentrate BoNTs from complex matrices, such as clinical samples. However, to check for any one of the four serotypes of BoNT/A, /B, /E, or /F, each sample is split into 4 aliquots, and tested for the specific serotypes separately. The discovery of a unique monoclonal antibody that recognizes all four serotypes of BoNT/A, /B, /E and /F allows us to perform simultaneous detection of all of them. When applied in conjunction with the Endopep-MS assay, the detection limit for each serotype of BoNT with this multi-specific monoclonal antibody is similar to that obtained when using other serotype-specific antibodies. C1 [Kalb, Suzanne R.; Pirkle, James L.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Garcia-Rodriguez, Consuelo; Lou, Jianlong; Marks, James D.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anesthesia & Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Baudys, Jakub] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Smith, Theresa J.; Smith, Leonard A.] USAMRIID, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Kalb, SR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jbarr@cdc.gov RI Baudys, Jakub/K-7643-2012; OI Kalb, Suzanne/0000-0002-8067-136X FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; United States Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases FX Funding for this work was through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the United States Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 24 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 17 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 8 AR e12237 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0012237 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 639II UT WOS:000280968100029 PM 20808925 ER PT J AU Cummings, KJ Kreiss, K Roggli, VL AF Cummings, Kristin J. Kreiss, Kathleen Roggli, Victor L. TI Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis in Workers at an Indium Processing Facility SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID AUTOIMMUNE; INHALATION C1 [Cummings, Kristin J.; Kreiss, Kathleen] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Roggli, Victor L.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Cummings, KJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 182 IS 4 BP 578 EP 579 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 640LI UT WOS:000281052300020 ER PT J AU Peng, YY Zhang, QA Snyder, GL Zhu, HW Yao, W Tomesch, J Papke, RL O'Callaghan, JP Welsh, WJ Wennogle, LP AF Peng, Youyi Zhang, Qiang Snyder, Gretchen L. Zhu, Hongwen Yao, Wei Tomesch, John Papke, Roger L. O'Callaghan, James P. Welsh, William J. Wennogle, Lawrence P. TI Discovery of novel alpha 7 nicotinic receptor antagonists SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors; alpha 7 antagonists; Pharmacophore; Neuroprotection ID ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; DRUG DISCOVERY; RAT-BRAIN; BINDING; AGONIST; SCHIZOPHRENIA; MEMORY AB Two distinct families of small molecules were discovered as novel alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonists by pharmacophore-based virtual screening. These novel antagonists exhibited selectivity for the neuronal alpha 7 subtype over other nAChRs and good brain penetration. Neuroprotection was demonstrated by representative compounds 7i and 8 in a mouse seizure-like behavior model induced by the nerve agent diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). These novel nAChR antagonists have potential use as antidote for organophosphorus nerve agent intoxication. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Peng, Youyi; Zhang, Qiang; Snyder, Gretchen L.; Zhu, Hongwen; Yao, Wei; Tomesch, John; Wennogle, Lawrence P.] Intracellular Therapies Inc, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Papke, Roger L.] Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [O'Callaghan, James P.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Welsh, William J.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Pharmacol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Wennogle, LP (reprint author), Intracellular Therapies Inc, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM lwennogle@intracellulartherapies.com RI O'Callaghan, James/O-2958-2013 FU NIH [R43 MH067488-01, RO1 GM57481]; United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command NETRP [DAMD 17-03-2-0019, W81XWH-06-C-0013] FX This work was supported, in part, by funding from the NIH (R43 MH067488-01 and RO1 GM57481) and the United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command NETRP (DAMD 17-03-2-0019 and W81XWH-06-C-0013) to Intra-Cellular Therapies Inc. NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-894X J9 BIOORG MED CHEM LETT JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 20 IS 16 BP 4825 EP 4830 DI 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.06.103 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 631LL UT WOS:000280348400022 PM 20638843 ER PT J AU Lichtenstein, KA Armon, C Buchacz, K Chmiel, JS Buckner, K Tedaldi, EM Wood, K Holmberg, SD Brooks, JT AF Lichtenstein, Kenneth A. Armon, Carl Buchacz, Kate Chmiel, Joan S. Buckner, Kern Tedaldi, E. M. Wood, Kathy Holmberg, Scott D. Brooks, John T. CA HIV Outpatient Study HOPS Investig TI Low CD4(+) T Cell Count Is a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease Events in the HIV Outpatient Study SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; ATAZANAVIR PLUS RITONAVIR; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PROTEASE INHIBITORS; LOPINAVIR-RITONAVIR; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; DIABETES-MELLITUS; ARTERY-DISEASE AB Background. Traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and antiretroviral (ARV) agents have been associated with CVD events in HIV-infected patients. We investigated the association of low CD4(+) T lymphocyte cell count with incident CVD in a cohort of outpatients treated in 10 HIV specialty clinics in the United States. Methods. We studied patients who were under observation from 1 January 2002 (baseline), categorized them according to National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines into 10-year cardiovascular risk score (10-y CVR) groups, and observed them until CVD event, death, last HIV Outpatient Study contact, or 30 September 2009. We calculated rates of incident CVD events and identified associated baseline risk factors using Cox proportional hazard models. We also performed a nested case-control study to examine the association of latest CD4(+) cell count with CVD events. Results. Among 2005 patients, 148 experienced incident CVD events. CVD incidence increased steadily from 0.4 to 3.0 events per 100 person-years from lowest to highest 10-y CVR group (P<.001). In multivariable Cox analyses adjusted for 10-y CVR, CD4(+) cell count <350 cells/mm(3) was associated with incident CVD events (hazard ratio, 1.58 [95% confidence interval, 1.09-2.30], compared with >500 cells/mm(3)), suggesting an attributable risk of similar to 20%. In the multivariable case-control analyses, traditional CVD risk factors and latest CD4(+) cell count <500 cells/mm(3), but not cumulative use of ARV class or individual drugs, were associated with higher odds of experiencing CVD events. Conclusion. CD4(+) count <500 cells/mm(3) is an independent risk factor for incident CVD, comparable in attributable risk to several traditional CVD risk factors in the HIV Outpatient Study cohort. C1 [Lichtenstein, Kenneth A.; Buckner, Kern] Natl Jewish Med & Res Ctr, Denver, CO USA. [Armon, Carl; Wood, Kathy] Cerner Corp, Vienna, VA USA. [Buchacz, Kate; Holmberg, Scott D.; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chmiel, Joan S.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Tedaldi, E. M.] Temple Univ, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Lichtenstein, KA (reprint author), Natl Jewish Hlth, HIV Clin & Res Program, 1400 Jackson St,G316, Denver, CO 80206 USA. EM lichtensteink@njhealth.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2001-00133, 200-2006-18797]; Merck; Pfizer; Gilead; TaiMed FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contract nos. 200-2001-00133 and 200-2006-18797).; K. A. L. received research grants from Merck, Pfizer, Gilead, and TaiMed and serves on advisory boards for Merck, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead, Tibotec, and Abbott Laboratories. E. M. T. receives research support from Merck. K. Buckner serves on an advisory board for Genessee BioMedical and has intellectual property with that company, and he also serves on the Board of Directors and has intellectual property with Wireless Medical. NR 42 TC 117 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 51 IS 4 BP 435 EP 447 DI 10.1086/655144 PG 13 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 626WJ UT WOS:000279998300014 PM 20597691 ER PT J AU Teshale, E Hu, DJ Holmberg, SD AF Teshale, Eyasu Hu, Dale J. Holmberg, Scott D. TI Hepatitis E Virus and Person-to-Person Transmission Reply SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Teshale, Eyasu; Hu, Dale J.; Holmberg, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Teshale, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eht4@cdc.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 51 IS 4 BP 478 EP 479 DI 10.1086/655158 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 626WJ UT WOS:000279998300024 ER PT J AU Farr, SL Nelson, JAE Ng'ombe, TJ Kourtis, AP Chasela, C Johnson, JA Kashuba, ADM Tegha, GL Wiener, J Eron, JJ Banda, HN Mpaso, M Lipscomb, J Matiki, C Fiscus, SA Jamieson, DJ van der Horst, C AF Farr, Sherry L. Nelson, Julie A. E. Ng'ombe, Thokozani J. Kourtis, Athena P. Chasela, Charles Johnson, Jeffrey A. Kashuba, Angela D. M. Tegha, Gerald L. Wiener, Jeffrey Eron, Joseph J. Banda, Harriet N. Mpaso, Mwanangwa Lipscomb, Jonathan Matiki, Chrissie Fiscus, Susan A. Jamieson, Denise J. van der Horst, Charles CA BAN Study Team TI Addition of 7 Days of Zidovudine Plus Lamivudine to Peripartum Single-Dose Nevirapine Effectively Reduces Nevirapine Resistance Postpartum in HIV-Infected Mothers in Malawi SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE nevirapine; zidovudine and lamivudine; drug resistance; HIV; pregnancy ID TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; BREAST-MILK; SUBTYPE-C; DRUG-RESISTANCE; PREVENTION; INTRAPARTUM; WOMEN; MUTATIONS AB Background: We assessed whether 7 days of zidovudine + lamivudine postpartum with single-dose nevirapine at labor decreases nevirapine resistance in HIV-infected women in Malawi. Methods: HIV-infected pregnant women receiving intrapartum single-dose nevirapine and 7 days of zidovudine + lamivudine (n = 132) and women receiving intrapartum single-dose nevirapine alone (n = 66) were followed from an antenatal visit through 6 weeks postpartum. Plasma specimens at 2 and 6 weeks postpartum were tested for genotypic resistance to nevirapine by population sequencing and sensitive real-time polymerase chain reaction. Poisson regression was used to determine predictors of postpartum nevirapine resistance. Results: Median HIV RNA was similar at entry (4.27 log vs. 4.35 log, P = 0.87), differed at 2 weeks postpartum (2.67 log vs. 3.58 log, P < 0.0001) but not at 6 weeks postpartum (4.49 log vs. 4.40 log, P = 0.79), between single-dose nevirapine/zidovudine + lamivudine and single-dose nevirapine groups, respectively. Nevirapine resistance, measured by population sequencing and sensitive real-time polymerase chain reaction, was significantly less common in those receiving single-dose nevirapine/zidovudine + lamivudine compared with single-dose nevirapine, respectively, at 2 weeks [10% (4 of 40) vs. 74% (31 of 42), P < 0.0001] and 6 weeks postpartum [10% (11 of 115) vs. 64% (41 of 64), P < 0.0001; adjusted relative risk = 0.18, 95% confidence interval (0.10 to 0.34)]. Conclusions: The significant decrease in nevirapine resistance conferred by 1 week of zidovudine + lamivudine should help policymakers optimize peripartum HIV prophylaxis recommendations. C1 [Farr, Sherry L.; Kourtis, Athena P.; Wiener, Jeffrey; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. [Nelson, Julie A. E.; Kashuba, Angela D. M.; Fiscus, Susan A.] Univ N Carolina, UNC Ctr AIDS Res, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Nelson, Julie A. E.; Fiscus, Susan A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Ng'ombe, Thokozani J.; Chasela, Charles; Tegha, Gerald L.; Mpaso, Mwanangwa; Matiki, Chrissie] UNC Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Johnson, Jeffrey A.; Lipscomb, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Lab, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. [Eron, Joseph J.; Banda, Harriet N.; van der Horst, Charles] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Farr, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K-22, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. EM sfarr@cdc.gov OI Sellers, Christopher/0000-0003-4672-8198 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; GlaxoSmithKline; NIAID University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research [P30-AI50410]; AIDS International Training and Research Program [DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43]; Abbott Laboratories; Boehringer-Ingelheim; Roche Pharmaceuticals; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation; UNICEF; Malawi Ministry of Health and Population; Johnson and Johnson; USAID FX This research was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and GlaxoSmithKline; supported by the NIAID P30-AI50410 University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research; DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06 AIDS International Training and Research Program and Abbott Laboratories, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Roche Pharmaceuticals, and Bristol-Myers Squibb. The Call to Action PMTCT program has been supported by the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation Call to Action Award and International Leadership Awards, UNICEF, World Food Program, Malawi Ministry of Health and Population, Johnson and Johnson, and USAID. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 54 IS 5 BP 515 EP 523 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181e3a70e PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 628UU UT WOS:000280149000012 PM 20672451 ER PT J AU Farnham, PG Holtgrave, DR Sansom, SL Hall, HI AF Farnham, Paul G. Holtgrave, David R. Sansom, Stephanie L. Hall, H. Irene TI Medical Costs Averted by HIV Prevention Efforts in the United States, 1991-2006 SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Letter ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; LIFETIME COST; CARE; ERA C1 [Farnham, Paul G.; Sansom, Stephanie L.; Hall, H. Irene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Holtgrave, David R.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Farnham, PG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 16 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 54 IS 5 BP 565 EP 567 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181e461b2 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 628UU UT WOS:000280149000022 PM 20647830 ER PT J AU Black, CL Muok, EMO Mwinzi, PNM Carter, JM Karanja, DMS Secor, WE Colley, DG AF Black, Carla L. Muok, Erick M. O. Mwinzi, Pauline N. M. Carter, Jennifer M. Karanja, Diana M. S. Secor, W. Evan Colley, Daniel G. TI Increases in Levels of Schistosome-Specific Immunoglobulin E and CD23(+) B Cells in a Cohort of Kenyan Children Undergoing Repeated Treatment and Reinfection with Schistosoma mansoni SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID OCCUPATIONALLY EXPOSED ADULTS; AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; HAEMATOBIUM INFECTION; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; IGE PRODUCTION; RESISTANCE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PRAZIQUANTEL; OXAMNIQUINE; COINFECTION AB Background. Age prevalence curves for areas in which schistosomiasis is endemic suggest that humans develop partial immunity to reinfection beginning in early adolescence. We conducted a 2-year longitudinal study to determine whether children infected with Schistosoma mansoni develop protection-related immune responses after treatment with praziquantel and whether the development of these immune responses is accelerated by frequent treatment after reinfection. Methods. Children (8-10 years old) were tested for S. mansoni every 4 months and treated with praziquantel when positive (arm A; n=68) or were tested and treated at the end of the 2-year follow-up period (arm B; n=49). Results. Children in arm A who remained free of infection during follow-up had significantly higher baseline levels of schistosome-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) than did children with >= 2 repeat diagnoses of S. mansoni infection. Children with >= 2 repeat diagnoses of S. mansoni infection had significantly increased levels of anti-schistosome IgE and CD23(+) B cells after receiving >= 3 praziquantel treatments over the course of follow-up. No increase in either parameter was seen in children who received only the baseline praziquantel treatment. Conclusions. B cell activation and anti-schistosome IgE are associated with resistance to S. mansoni in children, and these immunological parameters can be increased by multiple rounds of infections and praziquantel-induced cures. C1 [Colley, Daniel G.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Trop & Emerging Global Dis, Coverdell Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Black, Carla L.; Carter, Jennifer M.; Colley, Daniel G.] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Secor, W. Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Muok, Erick M. O.; Mwinzi, Pauline N. M.; Karanja, Diana M. S.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Colley, DG (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Ctr Trop & Emerging Global Dis, Coverdell Ctr, 500 DW Brooks Dr,Room 145, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dcolley@uga.edu FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R01 AI053695, T32 AI060546]; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health [D43 TW007123]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Kenya Medical Research Institute FX National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Public Health Service grants R01 AI053695 to D. G. C. and T32 AI060546 to C. L. B.) and Fogarty International Center (grant D43 TW007123 to P.N.M.M.), National Institutes of Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (support to W.E.S.); Kenya Medical Research Institute (support to E.M.O.M., P.N.M.M., and D.M.S.K.). NR 31 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 202 IS 3 BP 399 EP 405 DI 10.1086/653828 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 619QI UT WOS:000279444300010 PM 20560767 ER PT J AU Nielson, CM Harris, RB Nyitray, AG Dunne, EF Stone, KM Giuliano, AR AF Nielson, Carrie M. Harris, Robin B. Nyitray, Alan G. Dunne, Eileen F. Stone, Katherine M. Giuliano, Anna R. TI Consistent Condom Use Is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection in Men SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RISK-FACTORS; GENITAL-INFECTION; DETERMINANTS; CIRCUMCISION; PARTNERS; FEMALE; SEX; ACQUISITION; ERRORS; WOMEN AB Introduction. Reported associations between condom use and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in men have been inconsistent. Methods. We tested 463 men, ages 18-40 years, in 2 cities in the United States for 37 HPV types in samples from 5 anogenital sites. Men answered questionnaires regarding number of partners and frequency of condom use during vaginal sex in the past 3 months (5 categories, from "always" to "never"). Among 393 men who reported >= 1 female partner in the past 3 months, the proportions of men with HPV detected overall and at each anatomic site by frequency of condom use were calculated. Logistic regression was used to examine associations between frequency of condom use and HPV detection. Effect modification by number of recent partners (1 vs 11) was evaluated. Results. The proportion of men positive for HPV ranged from 37.9% among men who reported they "always" used condoms to 53.9% among those who reported they "never" used condoms (P for trend = .008). Always using condoms (vs using them less frequently) was associated with lower odds of HPV detection (adjusted odds ratio, 0.50 [95% confidence interval, 0.30-0.83]). This association was stronger among men with 11 partner than among men with only 1 partner (P for interaction = .05). Conclusions. Consistent condom use was strongly associated with lower HPV prevalence in men. C1 [Nielson, Carrie M.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97239 USA. [Harris, Robin B.] Univ Arizona, Arizona Canc Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Nyitray, Alan G.; Giuliano, Anna R.] H Lee Moffitt Canc Ctr & Res Inst, Tampa, FL USA. [Dunne, Eileen F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Nielson, CM (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97239 USA. EM nielsoca@ohsu.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [AAMC MM-0579-03/03] FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cooperative Agreement AAMC MM-0579-03/03. NR 29 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 202 IS 3 BP 445 EP 451 DI 10.1086/653708 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 619QI UT WOS:000279444300015 PM 20569156 ER PT J AU Tran, J Mirzaei, M Anderson, L Leeder, SR AF Tran, Jackie Mirzaei, Masoud Anderson, Laurie Leeder, Stephen R. TI The epidemiology of stroke in the Middle East and North Africa SO JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Stroke; Epidemiology; Middle East; North Africa ID HEALTH AB Stroke is the second leading cause of death in the world. In the Middle East and North Africa stroke is increasingly becoming a major health problem, with projections that deaths from it will nearly double by 2030. This systematic review aims to bring together age-adjusted epidemiological data of stroke in this region. A literature review of five databases was conducted. Twenty-three papers met the criteria. The incidence of stroke varied extensively among studies. Studies reported rates from 29.8 per 100 000 people in Saudi Arabia to 57 per 100 000 people in Bahrain. Furthermore, the 28-day case mortality rate also differed among studies, ranging from 10% in Kuwait to 31.5% in Iran. The rates are comparable with those in the Western world: however, the population of the region is younger. The Middle East and North Africa are lacking in data on the epidemiology of stroke. There is an urgent need to develop strategies to prevent and better care for stroke patients in the Middle East and North Africa. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mirzaei, Masoud] Shahid Sadoughi Univ, Yazd Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Yazd, Iran. [Tran, Jackie; Leeder, Stephen R.] Univ Sydney, Menzies Ctr Hlth Policy, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Anderson, Laurie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mirzaei, M (reprint author), Shahid Sadoughi Univ, Yazd Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Yazd, Iran. EM mirzaeim@med.usyd.edu.au NR 22 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-510X J9 J NEUROL SCI JI J. Neurol. Sci. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 295 IS 1-2 BP 38 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.jns.2010.05.016 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 628LA UT WOS:000280120000008 PM 20541222 ER PT J AU Stevens, J Chen, LM Carney, PJ Garten, R Foust, A Le, JH Pokorny, BA Manojkumar, R Silverman, J Devis, R Rhea, K Xu, XY Bucher, DJ Paulson, J Cox, NJ Klimov, A Donis, RO AF Stevens, James Chen, Li-Mei Carney, Paul J. Garten, Rebecca Foust, Angie Le, Jianhua Pokorny, Barbara A. Manojkumar, Ramanunninair Silverman, Jeanmarie Devis, Rene Rhea, Karen Xu, Xiyan Bucher, Doris J. Paulson, James Cox, Nancy J. Klimov, Alexander Donis, Ruben O. TI Receptor Specificity of Influenza A H3N2 Viruses Isolated in Mammalian Cells and Embryonated Chicken Eggs SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOWER RESPIRATORY-TRACT; N-GLYCAN STRUCTURES; SIALIC-ACID; BINDING SPECIFICITY; HOST-CELL; SEQUENCE IDENTITY; CLINICAL MATERIAL; KIDNEY-CELLS; HUMAN AIRWAY; GROWN VIRUS AB Isolation of human subtype H3N2 influenza viruses in embryonated chicken eggs yields viruses with amino acid substitutions in the hemagglutinin (HA) that often affect binding to sialic acid receptors. We used a glycan array approach to analyze the repertoire of sialylated glycans recognized by viruses from the same clinical specimen isolated in eggs or cell cultures. The binding profiles of whole virions to 85 sialoglycans on the microarray allowed the categorization of cell isolates into two groups. Group 1 cell isolates displayed binding to a restricted set of alpha 2-6 and alpha 2-3 sialoglycans, whereas group 2 cell isolates revealed receptor specificity broader than that of their egg counterparts. Egg isolates from group 1 showed binding specificities similar to those of cell isolates, whereas group 2 egg isolates showed a significantly reduced binding to alpha 2-6- and alpha 2-3-type receptors but retained substantial binding to specific O- and N-linked alpha 2-3 glycans, including alpha 2-3GalNAc and fucosylated alpha 2-3 glycans (including sialyl Lewis x), both of which may be important receptors for H3N2 virus replication in eggs. These results revealed an unexpected diversity in receptor binding specificities among recent H3N2 viruses, with distinct patterns of amino acid substitution in the HA occurring upon isolation and/or propagation in eggs. These findings also suggest that clinical specimens containing viruses with group 1-like receptor binding profiles would be less prone to undergoing receptor binding or antigenic changes upon isolation in eggs. Screening cell isolates for appropriate receptor binding properties might help focus efforts to isolate the most suitable viruses in eggs for production of antigenically well-matched influenza vaccines. C1 [Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Virol & Vaccines Branch, Influenza Div, NCIRD,CCID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Le, Jianhua; Pokorny, Barbara A.; Manojkumar, Ramanunninair; Silverman, Jeanmarie; Devis, Rene; Bucher, Doris J.] New York Med Coll, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. [Paulson, James] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Physiol Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Paulson, James] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Donis, RO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Virol & Vaccines Branch, Influenza Div, NCIRD,CCID, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop G-16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rvd6@cdc.gov FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences [GM62116] FX The glycan microarray was produced for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention by using a glycan library generously provided by the Consortium for Functional Glycomics, funded by National Institute of General Medical Sciences grant GM62116. NR 82 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 84 IS 16 BP 8287 EP 8299 DI 10.1128/JVI.00058-10 PG 13 WC Virology SC Virology GA 626QZ UT WOS:000279983200035 PM 20519409 ER PT J AU Lo, MK Miller, D Aljofan, M Mungall, BA Rollin, PE Bellini, WJ Rota, PA AF Lo, Michael K. Miller, David Aljofan, Mohammad Mungall, Bruce A. Rollin, Pierre E. Bellini, William J. Rota, Paul A. TI Characterization of the antiviral and inflammatory responses against Nipah virus in endothelial cells and neurons SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nipah; Endothelial; Neuronal; Chemokines; Interferon; W protein; Pathogenesis ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; PARAMYXOVIRUS V-PROTEINS; MESSENGER-RNA; MEASLES-VIRUS; RIG-I; CHEMOKINE RECEPTORS; W-PROTEINS; P-GENE; INTERFERON EVASION; VIRAL-INFECTION AB Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus which causes fatal encephalitis in up to 75% of infected humans. Endothelial cells and neurons are important cellular targets in the pathogenesis of this disease. In this study, viral replication and the innate immune responses to NiV in these cell types were measured. NiV infected endothelial cells generated a functionally robust IFN-beta response, which correlated with localization of the NiV W protein to the cytoplasm. There was no antiviral response detected in infected neuronal cells. NiV infection of endothelial cells induced a significant increase in secreted inflammatory chemokines, which corresponded with the increased ability of infected cell supernatants to induce monocyte and T-lymphocyte chemotaxis. These results suggest that pro-inflammatory chemokines produced by NiV infected primary endothelial cells in vitro is consistent with the prominent vasculitis observed in infections, and provide initial molecular insights into the pathogenesis of NiV in physiologically relevant cells types. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Lo, Michael K.; Bellini, William J.; Rota, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Measles Mumps Rubella & Herpesvirus Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lo, Michael K.] Emory Univ, Laney Grad Sch, Grad Div Biol & Biomed Sci, Immunol & Mol Pathogenesis Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Miller, David; Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Aljofan, Mohammad; Mungall, Bruce A.] CSIRO, Australian Anim Hlth Lab, Geelong, Vic 3220, Australia. RP Lo, MK (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop C-22, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mko2@cdc.gov OI Lo, Michael/0000-0002-0409-7896 FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; CSIRO; OCE PhD scholarship; Battelle National Biodefense Institute, Frederick, MD, USA FX MKL was supported by funding from Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. MA was supported by a CSIRO, OCE PhD scholarship. DM was supported by funding from Battelle National Biodefense Institute, Frederick, MD, USA. NR 56 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 404 IS 1 BP 78 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2010.05.005 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 613DN UT WOS:000278958000009 PM 20552729 ER PT J AU Mulle, JG Dodd, AF McGrath, JA Wolyniec, PS Mitchell, AA Shetty, AC Sobreira, NL Valle, D Rudd, MK Satten, G Cutler, DJ Pulver, AE Warren, ST AF Mulle, Jennifer Gladys Dodd, Anne F. McGrath, John A. Wolyniec, Paula S. Mitchell, Adele A. Shetty, Amol C. Sobreira, Nara L. Valle, David Rudd, M. Katharine Satten, Glen Cutler, David J. Pulver, Ann E. Warren, Stephen T. TI Microdeletions of 3q29 Confer High Risk for Schizophrenia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID MENTAL-RETARDATION; RECURRENT REARRANGEMENTS; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI; BIPOLAR DISORDER; COMMON VARIANTS; CHROMOSOME 3Q29; LINKAGE; AUTISM; SAP97; ASSOCIATION AB Schizophrenia (SZ) is a severe psychiatric illness that affects similar to 1% of the population and has a strong genetic underpinning. Recently, genome-wide analysis of copy-number variation (CNV) has implicated rare and de novo events as important in SZ. Here, we report a genome-wide analysis of 245 SZ cases and 490 controls, all of Ashkenazi Jewish descent. Because many studies have found an excess burden of large, rare deletions in cases, we limited our analysis to deletions over 500 kb in size. We observed seven large, rare deletions in cases, with 57% of these being de novo. We focused on one 836 kb de novo deletion at chromosome 3q29 that falls within a 1.3-1.6 Mb deletion previously identified in children with intellectual disability (ID) and autism, because increasing evidence suggests an overlap of specific rare copy-number variants (CNVs) between autism and SZ. By combining our data with prior CNV studies of SZ and analysis of the data of the Genetic Association Information Network (GAIN), we identified six 3q29 deletions among 7545 schizophrenic subjects and one among 39,748 controls, resulting in a statistically significant association with SZ (p = 0.02) and an odds ratio estimate of 17 (95% confidence interval: 1.36-1198.4). Moreover, this 3q29 deletion region contains two linkage peaks from prior SZ family studies, and the minimal deletion interval implicates 20 annotated genes, including PAK2 and DLG1, both paralogous to X-linked ID genes and now strong candidates for SZ susceptibility. C1 [Mulle, Jennifer Gladys; Dodd, Anne F.; Shetty, Amol C.; Rudd, M. Katharine; Satten, Glen; Cutler, David J.; Warren, Stephen T.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [McGrath, John A.; Wolyniec, Paula S.; Pulver, Ann E.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. [Mitchell, Adele A.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Genet & Genom Sci, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Sobreira, Nara L.; Valle, David] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, McKusick Nathans Inst Genet Med, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. [Satten, Glen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pulver, Ann E.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. [Warren, Stephen T.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Warren, Stephen T.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Mulle, JG (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM jmulle@emory.edu; swarren@emory.edu RI Warren, Stephen/A-2498-2012; OI Satten, Glen/0000-0001-7275-5371 FU National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH); Genetic Association Information Network (GAIN); NIH, NIMH [MH080129, MH083722]; Ruth Kirschstein NRSA [5F32MH080583]; NARSAD; New York Crohn's Foundation FX Funding support for the genome-wide association of schizophrenia study was provided by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), and the genotyping of samples was provided through the Genetic Association Information Network (GAIN). The data used for the analyses described in this manuscript were obtained from the database of Genotype and Phenotype (dbGaP; accession number phs000021.v). Samples and associated phenotype data for the genome-wide association of schizophrenia study were provided by the Molecular Genetics of Schizophrenia Collaboration (PI: P.V. Gejman, Evanston Northwestern Healthcare [ENH] and Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA). Funding for this study was provided by NIH grants NIMH MH080129 and MH083722 to S.T.W., a Ruth Kirschstein NRSA (5F32MH080583) to J.G.M., and a NARSAD Young Investigator Award to J.G.M. This work was also supported by a grant from the New York Crohn's Foundation to A.A.M. We wish to thank L. Ozelius (Mt. Sinai University) and M. Abreu (University of Miami) for contribution of Ashkenazi Jewish control samples; K. Keith, K.E. Hermetz, and I.S. Goldlust (Emory University) for help with CNV validation; and M.E. Zwick (Emory University) for helpful discussion. The authors wish to thank the individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and their family members who participated in this research. NR 46 TC 112 Z9 115 U1 1 U2 9 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD AUG 13 PY 2010 VL 87 IS 2 BP 229 EP 236 DI 10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.07.013 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 641EG UT WOS:000281107000007 PM 20691406 ER PT J AU Mascola, L Dassey, D Fogleman, S Paulozzi, L Reed, CG AF Mascola, L. Dassey, D. Fogleman, S. Paulozzi, L. Reed, C. G. TI Ecstasy Overdoses at a New Year's Eve Rave-Los Angeles, California, 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 677-681, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID RECREATIONAL ECSTASY C1 [Fogleman, S.] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Tox Epidemiol Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Reed, C. G.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 11 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 6 BP 629 EP + PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 637PA UT WOS:000280829200010 ER PT J AU Kallen, AJ Mu, Y Bulens, S Reingold, A Petit, S Gershman, K Ray, SM Harrison, LH Lynfield, R Dumyati, G Townes, JM Schaffner, W Patel, PR Fridkin, SK AF Kallen, Alexander J. Mu, Yi Bulens, Sandra Reingold, Arthur Petit, Susan Gershman, Ken Ray, Susan M. Harrison, Lee H. Lynfield, Ruth Dumyati, Ghinwa Townes, John M. Schaffner, William Patel, Priti R. Fridkin, Scott K. CA ABCs MRSA Investigators Emerging I TI Health Care-Associated Invasive MRSA Infections, 2005-2008 SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; SURVEILLANCE CULTURES; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE; IMPACT; COLONIZATION; BACTEREMIA; PNEUMONIA; HOSPITALS AB Context Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a pathogen of public health importance; MRSA prevention programs that may affect MRSA transmission and infection are increasingly common in health care settings. Whether there have been changes in MRSA infection incidence as these programs become established is unknown; however, recent data have shown that rates of MRSA bloodstream infections (BSIs) in intensive care units are decreasing. Objective To describe changes in rates of invasive health care associated MRSA infections from 2005 through 2008 among residents of 9 US metropolitan areas. Design, Setting, and Participants Active, population-based surveillance for invasive MRSA in 9 metropolitan areas covering a population of approximately 15 million persons. All reports of laboratory-identified episodes of invasive (from a normally sterile body site) MRSA infections from 2005 through 2008 were evaluated and classified based on the setting of the positive culture and the presence or absence of health care exposures. Health care associated infections (ie, hospital-onset and health care associated community-onset), which made up 82% of the total infections, were included in this analysis. Main Outcome Measures Change in incidence of invasive health care associated MRSA infections and health care associated MRSA BSIs using population of the catchment area as the denominator. Results From 2005 through 2008, there were 21 503 episodes of invasive MRSA infection; 17 508 were health care associated. Of these, 15 458 were MRSA BSIs. The incidence rate of hospital-onset invasive MRSA infections was 1.02 per 10 000 population in 2005 and decreased 9.4% per year (95% confidence interval [Cl], 14.7% to 3.8%; P=.005), and the incidence of health care associated community-onset infections was 2.20 per 10 000 population in 2005 and decreased 5.7% per year (95% Cl, 9.7% to 1.6%; P=.01). The decrease was most prominent for the subset of infections with BSIs (hospital-onset: -11.2%; 95% Cl -15.9% to -6.3%; health care associated community-onset: -6.6%; 95% Cl -9.5% to -3.7%). Conclusion Over the 4-year period from 2005 through 2008 in 9 diverse metropolitan areas, rates of invasive health care associated MRSA infections decreased among patients with health care associated infections that began in the community and also decreased among those with hospital-onset invasive disease. JAMA. 2010;304(6):641-648 C1 [Kallen, Alexander J.; Mu, Yi; Bulens, Sandra; Patel, Priti R.; Fridkin, Scott K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bulens, Sandra] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. [Reingold, Arthur] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Petit, Susan] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth & Addict Serv, Hartford, CT 06106 USA. [Gershman, Ken] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Ray, Susan M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Maryland Emerging Infect Program, Baltimore, MD USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lynfield, Ruth] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Dumyati, Ghinwa] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY USA. [Townes, John M.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Kallen, AJ (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM AKallen@cdc.gov OI Shutt, Kathleen/0000-0003-3376-6152 NR 31 TC 228 Z9 234 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 11 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 6 BP 641 EP 648 DI 10.1001/jama.2010.1115 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 637PA UT WOS:000280829200019 PM 20699455 ER PT J AU Zhang, XZ Saaddine, JB Chou, CF Cotch, MF Cheng, YJ Geiss, LS Gregg, EW Albright, AL Klein, BEK Klein, R AF Zhang, Xinzhi Saaddine, Jinan B. Chou, Chin-Fang Cotch, Mary Frances Cheng, Yiling J. Geiss, Linda S. Gregg, Edward W. Albright, Ann L. Klein, Barbara E. K. Klein, Ronald TI Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in the United States, 2005-2008 SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID MICROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS; RISK-FACTORS; EYE CARE; DIAGNOSIS; MELLITUS; AGE; PROGRESSION; POPULATION; DISEASE; PEOPLE AB Context The prevalence of diabetes in the United States has increased. People with diabetes are at risk for diabetic retinopathy. No recent national population-based estimate of the prevalence and severity of diabetic retinopathy exists. Objectives To describe the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy among US adults with diabetes aged 40 years and older. Design, Setting, and Participants Analysis of a cross-sectional, nationally representative sample of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2008 (N=1006). Diabetes was defined as a self-report of a previous diagnosis of the disease (excluding gestational diabetes mellitus) or glycated hemoglobin A(1c) of 6.5% or greater. Two fundus photographs were taken of each eye with a digital nonmydriatic camera and were graded using the Airlie House classification scheme and the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study severity scale. Prevalence estimates were weighted to represent the civilian, noninstitutionalized US population aged 40 years and older. Main Outcome Measurements Diabetic retinopathy and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy. Results The estimated prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy was 28.5% (95% confidence interval [Cl], 24.9%-32.5%) and 4.4% (95% Cl, 3.5%-5.7%) among US adults with diabetes, respectively. Diabetic retinopathy was slightly more prevalent among men than women with diabetes (31.6%; 95% Cl, 26.8%-36.8%; vs 25.7%; 95% Cl, 21.7%-30.1%; P=.04). Non-Hispanic black individuals had a higher crude prevalence than non-Hispanic white individuals of diabetic retinopathy (38.8%; 95% Cl, 31.9%-46.1%; vs 26.4%; 95% Cl, 21.4%-32.2%; P=.01) and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (9.3%; 95% Cl, 5.9%-14.4%; vs 3.2%; 95% Cl, 2.0%-5.1%; P=.01). Male sex was independently associated with the presence of diabetic retinopathy (odds ratio [OR], 2.07; 95% Cl, 1.39-3.10), as well as higher hemoglobin A(1c) level (OR, 1.45; 95% Cl, 1.20-1.75), longer duration of diabetes (OR, 1.06 per year duration; 95% Cl, 1.03-1.10), insulin use (OR, 3.23; 95% Cl, 1.99-5.26), and higher systolic blood pressure (OR, 1.03 per mm Hg; 95% Cl, 1.02-1.03). Conclusion In a nationally representative sample of US adults with diabetes aged 40 years and older, the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy was high, especially among Non-Hispanic black individuals. JAMA. 2010;304(6):649-656 C1 [Zhang, Xinzhi; Saaddine, Jinan B.; Chou, Chin-Fang; Cheng, Yiling J.; Geiss, Linda S.; Gregg, Edward W.; Albright, Ann L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Cotch, Mary Frances] NEI, Div Epidemiol & Clin Applicat, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Klein, Barbara E. K.; Klein, Ronald] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Madison, WI USA. RP Zhang, XZ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE K-10, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM XZhang4@cdc.gov OI Cotch, Mary Frances/0000-0002-2046-4350; Klein, Ronald/0000-0002-4428-6237 FU National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Division of Diabetes Translation, CDC [05FED47304]; National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health [Z01EY000402]; Division of Diabetes Translation FX This study was supported by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Funding for the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) retinal component was provided by the Intra Agency Agreement 05FED47304 from the Division of Diabetes Translation, CDC. Funding for the vision component was provided by the National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Intramural Research Program grant Z01EY000402.; The NCHS was involved in the design and conduct of the NHANES study and in data collection, but was not involved in the analysis or interpretation of the study results or in the preparation of the manuscript. The Division of Diabetes Translation provided funding support for the retinal component and was involved in the design and conduct of the study; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and in the preparation, review, and approval of this article before submission. NR 42 TC 272 Z9 292 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 11 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 6 BP 649 EP 656 DI 10.1001/jama.2010.1111 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 637PA UT WOS:000280829200020 PM 20699456 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Zhang, SF Wu, XF Zhao, JH Hou, YL Zhang, F Velasco-Villa, A Rupprecht, CE Hu, RL AF Liu, Ye Zhang, Shoufeng Wu, Xianfu Zhao, Jinghui Hou, Yanli Zhang, Fei Velasco-Villa, Andres Rupprecht, Charles E. Hu, Rongliang TI Ferret badger rabies origin and its revisited importance as potential source of rabies transmission in Southeast China SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ANTIBODY; VIRUS; DIAGNOSIS AB Background: The frequent occurrence of ferret badger-associated human rabies cases in southeast China highlights the lack of laboratory-based surveillance and urges revisiting the potential importance of this animal in rabies transmission. To determine if the ferret badgers actually contribute to human and dog rabies cases, and the possible origin of the ferret badger-associated rabies in the region, an active rabies survey was conducted to determine the frequency of rabies infection and seroprevalence in dogs and ferret badgers. Methods: A retrospective survey on rabies epidemics was performed in Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Anhui provinces in southeast China. The brain tissues from ferret badgers and dogs were assayed by fluorescent antibody test. Rabies virus was isolated and sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. The sera from ferret badgers and dogs were titrated using rabies virus neutralizing antibodies (VNA) test. Results: The ferret badgers presented a higher percentage of rabies seroconversion than dogs did in the endemic region, reaching a maximum of 95% in the collected samples. Nine ferret badger-associated rabies viruses were isolated, sequenced, and were phylogenetically clustered as a separate group. Nucleotide sequence revealed 99.4-99.8% homology within the ferret badger isolates, and 83-89% homology to the dog isolates in the nucleoprotein and glycoprotein genes in the same rabies endemic regions. Conclusions: Our data suggest ferret badger-associated rabies has likely formed as an independent enzootic originating from dogs during the long-term rabies infestation in southeast China. The eventual role of FB rabies in public health remains unclear. However, management of ferret badger bites, rabies awareness and control in the related regions should be an immediate need. C1 [Liu, Ye; Zhang, Shoufeng; Zhao, Jinghui; Zhang, Fei; Hu, Rongliang] Acad Mil Med Sci, Vet Res Inst, Lab Epidemiol, Key Lab Jilin Prov Zoonosis Prevent & Control, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China. [Wu, Xianfu; Velasco-Villa, Andres; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hou, Yanli] Jilin Univ, Changchun 130022, Peoples R China. RP Hu, RL (reprint author), Acad Mil Med Sci, Vet Res Inst, Lab Epidemiol, Key Lab Jilin Prov Zoonosis Prevent & Control, 1068 Qinglong Rd, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China. EM ronglianghu@hotmail.com FU National Science Foundation of China [30630049]; China National "973" Program [2005CB523000] FX The research was funded by the Key Project of National Science Foundation of China (Approval No. 30630049) and the China National "973" Program (Approval No. 2005CB523000). NR 18 TC 11 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 16 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD AUG 6 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 234 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-10-234 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 666TD UT WOS:000283142000001 PM 20691095 ER PT J AU Streicker, DG Turmelle, AS Vonhof, MJ Kuzmin, IV McCracken, GF Rupprecht, CE AF Streicker, Daniel G. Turmelle, Amy S. Vonhof, Maarten J. Kuzmin, Ivan V. McCracken, Gary F. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Host Phylogeny Constrains Cross-Species Emergence and Establishment of Rabies Virus in Bats SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; TRANSMISSION; DYNAMICS AB For RNA viruses, rapid viral evolution and the biological similarity of closely related host species have been proposed as key determinants of the occurrence and long-term outcome of cross-species transmission. Using a data set of hundreds of rabies viruses sampled from 23 North American bat species, we present a general framework to quantify per capita rates of cross-species transmission and reconstruct historical patterns of viral establishment in new host species using molecular sequence data. These estimates demonstrate diminishing frequencies of both cross-species transmission and host shifts with increasing phylogenetic distance between bat species. Evolutionary constraints on viral host range indicate that host species barriers may trump the intrinsic mutability of RNA viruses in determining the fate of emerging host-virus interactions. C1 [Streicker, Daniel G.; Turmelle, Amy S.; Kuzmin, Ivan V.; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Team, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Streicker, Daniel G.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Turmelle, Amy S.; McCracken, Gary F.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Vonhof, Maarten J.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [Vonhof, Maarten J.] Western Michigan Univ, Environm Studies Program, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. RP Streicker, DG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Team, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dstrike@uga.edu OI McCracken, Gary/0000-0002-2493-8103; Streicker, Daniel/0000-0001-7475-2705 FU Association of Public Health Laboratories/Centers for Disease Control Emerging Infectious Diseases; NSF; NSF-NIH [0430418]; U.S. Army Engineer Research Development Center-Construction Engineering Research Laboratory; Western Michigan University FX For helpful discussion and comments, we thank P. Beerli, J. Davies, S. Altizer, A. Park, P. Rohani, J. Allgeier, B. Han, P. Stephens, and three anonymous reviewers. For contributing rabid bats, we thank the Arizona State Public Health Laboratory, the California Department of Public Health, the Georgia Department of Community Health, the Florida Department of Health, the Idaho Department of Health and Welfare, the Indiana State Department of Health, the University of Iowa's University Hygienic Laboratory, the Mississippi State Department of Health, the New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, the Tennessee Department of Health, the Texas Department of State Health Services, the Virginia Consolidated Laboratory, and the Washington State Department of Health. For providing museum-vouchered bat tissues, we thank the Angelo State Natural History Collection, the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, the Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste, the Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science, the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, the U. S. National Museum of Natural History, the Royal Ontario Museum, and the University of Alaska Museum. The sequences generated in this study can be found at GenBank under accession numbers GU644641 to GU645012 and GU722925 to GU723257 (table S1). This work was supported by Association of Public Health Laboratories/Centers for Disease Control Emerging Infectious Diseases and NSF Graduate Research Fellowships to D. G. S., NSF-NIH Ecology of Infectious Disease grant 0430418 to G. F. M., and funding from the U.S. Army Engineer Research Development Center-Construction Engineering Research Laboratory and Western Michigan University to M.J.V. NR 19 TC 147 Z9 148 U1 4 U2 55 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 6 PY 2010 VL 329 IS 5992 BP 676 EP 679 DI 10.1126/science.1188836 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 634RV UT WOS:000280602700037 PM 20689015 ER PT J AU Jain, RB Bernert, JT AF Jain, Ram B. Bernert, John T. TI Effect of body mass index and total blood volume on serum cotinine levels among cigarette smokers: NHANES 1999-2008 SO CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Serum cotinine; Blood volume; Body mass index; Smokers; Multicollinearity; Regression modeling AB Introduction: Body mass index (BMI) and total blood volume are not always considered as variables that affect serum cotinine concentrations. Method: We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the years 1999-2008 and fitted regression models for smokers. In addition to traditionally used covariates like age, race, gender, and average number of cigarettes smoked daily, we used BMI and total blood volume (TBV) as continuous variables to evaluate the impact of these variables on serum cotinine levels. Results: Adjusted serum cotinine levels increased statistically significantly with increase in age (p<0.001). Serum cotinine levels increased statistically significantly (p<0.001) with average number of cigarettes smoked daily. Levels of adjusted serum concentrations from high to low by race/ethnicity were: non-Hispanic blacks, non-Hispanic whites, other race/ethnicity, and Mexican-Americans; and all differences were statistically significant. A model of serum cotinine including BMI without TBV found BMI to be a significant predictor (p<0.001) and similarly a model including TBV without BMI found TBV to be a significant predictor (p<0.001). When BMI and TBV were both included in the model, the significance of BMI changed markedly (p = 0.93) with substantive changes in the BMI coefficient and the significance of TBV changed also (p = 0.024) with small change in the TBV coefficient. Discussion: TBV and BMI are significant predictors of serum cotinine concentrations. TBV or BMI, but not both, should be included in predictive models of serum cotinine concentrations. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Jain, Ram B.; Bernert, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jain, RB (reprint author), Mail Stop F-47,4770 Buford Highway, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM rij0@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-8981 J9 CLIN CHIM ACTA JI Clin. Chim. Acta PD AUG 5 PY 2010 VL 411 IS 15-16 BP 1063 EP 1068 DI 10.1016/j.cca.2010.03.040 PG 6 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 617RP UT WOS:000279299100010 PM 20361952 ER PT J AU Cai, R Crane, E Poneleit, K Paulozzi, L AF Cai, R. Crane, E. Poneleit, K. Paulozzi, L. TI Emergency Department Visits Involving Nonmedical Use of Selected Prescription Drugs-United States, 2004-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 705-709, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Paulozzi, L.] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 4 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 5 BP 514 EP 516 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 633SQ UT WOS:000280525700008 ER PT J AU Nowicki, S Brandt, E Sheline, K Bidol, S Collins, J Toblin-D'Angelo, M Drenzek, C Jenkins, J Harvey, E Marsden, J Weltman, A Kissler, B Chen, WS Seys, S Hyytia-Trees, E Leeper, M Viray, M Cavallaro, E Wannemuehler, K Sotir, MJ AF Nowicki, S. Brandt, E. Sheline, K. Bidol, S. Collins, J. Toblin-D'Angelo, M. Drenzek, C. Jenkins, J. Harvey, E. Marsden, J. Weltman, A. Kissler, B. Chen, W. S. Seys, S. Hyytia-Trees, E. Leeper, M. Viray, M. Cavallaro, E. Wannemuehler, K. Sotir, M. J. TI Two Multistate Outbreaks of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Infections Linked to Beef From a Single Slaughter Facility-United States, 2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 557-560, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Nowicki, S.; Brandt, E.] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Harvey, E.] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Marsden, J.] Montgomery Cty Hlth Dept, Norristown, PA USA. [Weltman, A.] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [Kissler, B.; Chen, W. S.; Seys, S.] USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Svc, Washington, DC USA. [Hyytia-Trees, E.; Leeper, M.; Viray, M.; Cavallaro, E.; Wannemuehler, K.; Sotir, M. J.] CDC, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Nowicki, S (reprint author), Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 4 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 5 BP 516 EP 518 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 633SQ UT WOS:000280525700009 ER PT J AU de Oliveira, AM Wolkon, A Krishnamurthy, R Erskine, M Crenshaw, DP Roberts, J Saute, F AF de Oliveira, Alexandre Macedo Wolkon, Adam Krishnamurthy, Ramesh Erskine, Marcy Crenshaw, Dana P. Roberts, Jacquelin Saute, Francisco TI Ownership and usage of insecticide-treated bed nets after free distribution via a voucher system in two provinces of Mozambique SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MEASLES VACCINATION; EQUITABLE COVERAGE; RURAL MOZAMBIQUE; MALARIA; BEDNETS; CAMPAIGN; CHILDREN; PREVENTION; NIGER AB Background: Insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) are an efficacious intervention for malaria prevention. During a national immunization campaign in Mozambique, vouchers, which were to be redeemed at a later date for free ITNs, were distributed in Manica and Sofala provinces. A survey to evaluate ITN ownership and usage post-campaign was conducted. Methods: Four districts in each province and four enumeration areas (EAs) in each district were selected using probability proportional to size. Within each EA, 32 households (HHs) were selected using a simple random sample. Interviews to assess ownership and usage were conducted in each of the selected HHs using personal digital assistants. Results: Valid interviews were completed for 947 (92.5%) (440 in Manica and 507 in Sofala) of the 1,024 selected HHs. Among participating HHs, 65.0% in Manica and 63.1% in Sofala reported that at least one child under five years of age slept in the house the previous night. HH ownership of at least one bed net of any kind was 20.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.9%-43.6%) and 35.6% (95% CI: 27.8%-44.3%) pre-campaign; and 55.1% (95% CI: 43.6%-66.1%) and 59.6 (95% CI: 42.4%-74.7%) post-campaign in Manica and Sofala, respectively. Post-campaign HH ownership of at least one ITN was 50.2% (95% CI: 41.8%-58.5%) for both provinces combined. In addition, 60.3% (95% CI: 50.6%-69.2%) of children under five years of age slept under an ITN the previous night. Conclusions: This ITN distribution increased bed net ownership and usage rates. Integration of ITN distribution with immunization campaigns presents an opportunity for reaching malaria control targets and should continue to be considered. C1 [de Oliveira, Alexandre Macedo; Wolkon, Adam; Crenshaw, Dana P.; Roberts, Jacquelin] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Erskine, Marcy] Int Federat Red Cross & Red Crescent Soc, Geneva, Switzerland. [Saute, Francisco] Natl Malaria Control Program, Maputo, Mozambique. [Saute, Francisco] Minist Hlth Mozambique, Communicable Dis Div, Maputo, Mozambique. RP Wolkon, A (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM acq/@cdc.gov FU Mozambican Red Cross FX Authors are grateful to the parents and guardians of the children who participated in the survey and to the many staff members, especially the surveyors, who assisted with this project. This survey has been a joint international effort that has received support from various individuals and institutes, including the Canadian Red Cross and the Canadian International Development Agency, to all of whom authors are grateful. Authors would like to thank Jeronimo Zandamela, Frieda Draisma, Eunice Mucache, and Fernanda Teixeira from the Mozambican Red Cross for their support, and Teotonio Fumo at the Mozambican Ministry of Health, for his assistance. Finally, authors are grateful to Timothy Freeman from UNICEF for his assistance. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD AUG 4 PY 2010 VL 9 AR 222 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-9-222 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 657LQ UT WOS:000282414600001 ER PT J AU Chen, CY Hsu, HY Liu, CC Chang, MH Ni, YH AF Chen, Ching-Yi Hsu, Hong-Yuan Liu, Cheng-Chuan Chang, Mei-Hwei Ni, Yen-Hsuan TI Stable seroepidemiology of hepatitis B after universal immunization in Taiwan: A 3-year study of national surveillance of primary school students SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis B virus; Anti-HBs; Carrier; Booster; Escape mutant; Vaccine failure ID ANTIGEN-POSITIVE MOTHERS; LONG-TERM IMMUNOGENICITY; VIRUS-INFECTION; VACCINATION PROGRAM; INFANTS BORN; MASS VACCINATION; CARRIER MOTHERS; FOLLOW-UP; CHILDREN; EFFICACY AB Background: This study is aimed to investigate if there was increased risk of HBV acquisition among first graders in Taiwan during a 3-year follow-up period. Methods: A total of 1545 healthy first graders, who were vaccinated against HBV in infancy, were recruited in 2005. All subjects were checked for hepatitis B surface antigens (HBsAg), antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs), and to the hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). Nucleotide sequence of the "a" determinant of HBsAg was determined by polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing in the HBsAg carriers. Results: Among 1545 subjects, 0.78% were HBsAg seropositive, 54.30% were anti-HBs seropositive, and 1.68% anti-HBc seropositive. Three of the 10 HBV carriers (30%), whose HBV DNA were sequenced for the S gene, had surface antigen mutants at the "a" determinant. Conclusion: There were no new chronic HBV infections in this cohort of children for two consecutive years. HBV S gene vaccine escape mutants did exist in the vaccine-failure population, but they may not have made a major health impact. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Ching-Yi; Hsu, Hong-Yuan; Chang, Mei-Hwei; Ni, Yen-Hsuan] Natl Taiwan Univ, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Taipei 100, Taiwan. [Chen, Ching-Yi; Hsu, Hong-Yuan; Chang, Mei-Hwei; Ni, Yen-Hsuan] Natl Taiwan Univ, Childrens Hosp, Taipei 100, Taiwan. [Liu, Cheng-Chuan] Ctr Dis Control, Div 2, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ni, YH (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, 8 Chung Shan S Rd, Taipei 100, Taiwan. EM yhni@ntu.edu.tw OI Ni, Yen-Hsuan/0000-0002-1158-5249; Hsu, Hong-Yuan/0000-0002-5720-4835; Chang, Mei Hwei/0000-0002-3648-9261 FU CDC, Department of Health [DOH95-DC-1001] FX This study was supported by a grant from the CDC, Department of Health (DOH95-DC-1001). NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 2 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 34 BP 5605 EP 5608 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.06.029 PG 4 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 639DZ UT WOS:000280952300012 PM 20598405 ER PT J AU Sifakis, F Hylton, JB Flynn, C Solomon, L MacKellar, DA Valleroy, LA Celentano, DD AF Sifakis, Frangiscos Hylton, John B. Flynn, Colin Solomon, Liza MacKellar, Duncan A. Valleroy, Linda A. Celentano, David D. TI Prevalence of HIV Infection and Prior HIV Testing among Young Men Who have Sex with Men. The Baltimore Young Men's Survey SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; HIV prevalence; HIV testing; Men who have sex with men; Vanue-based sampling; Time-space sampling; Young Men's Survey ID NEW-YORK-CITY; UNPROTECTED ANAL INTERCOURSE; AFRICAN-AMERICAN MEN; SAN-FRANCISCO; BISEXUAL MEN; RISK BEHAVIORS; UNITED-STATES; GAY MEN; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; CONDOM USE AB Data are presented from the Baltimore Young Men's Survey, a cross-sectional, venue-based sample survey of risks associated with HIV and report of a prior HIV test, conducted between 1996 and 2000, and enrolling 843 young men who have sex with men (MSM) aged 15-29 years. HIV prevalence was 12.1% overall and racial disparities in HIV prevalence were pronounced (range, 2.9% among non-Hispanic whites to 27.1% among non-Hispanic blacks). Risks independently associated with being HIV-positive were: being between 26 and 29 years of age, being non-Hispanic black or of other/mixed race, having had 20 or more lifetime male sex partners, having been diagnosed with a sexually transmitted disease (STD), and not being currently enrolled in school. The majority of participants (78.9%) reported a prior HIV test. In multivariate analysis, being older, having had five or more lifetime male sex partners, having had anal intercourse with males, reporting an STD diagnosis, and reporting recent unprotected anal sex were associated with report of a prior HIV test. Prevention efforts must address high HIV prevalence among young non-Hispanic black MSM and must make testing and effective counseling for young MSM readily available. C1 [Sifakis, Frangiscos; Hylton, John B.; Celentano, David D.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Flynn, Colin; Solomon, Liza] AIDS Adm, Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [MacKellar, Duncan A.; Valleroy, Linda A.] Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent Surveillance & Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sifakis, F (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 615 N Wolfe St,Suite E-6539, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM fsifakis@jhsph.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000052]; PHS HHS [062/CCU306213-06] NR 43 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 EI 1573-3254 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 14 IS 4 BP 904 EP 912 DI 10.1007/s10461-007-9317-5 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 629UW UT WOS:000280226400020 PM 17968648 ER PT J AU Poulsen, MN Vandenhoudt, H Wyckoff, SC Obong'o, CO Ochura, J Njika, G Otwoma, NJ Miller, KS AF Poulsen, Melissa N. Vandenhoudt, Hilde Wyckoff, Sarah C. Obong'o, Christopher O. Ochura, Juliet Njika, Gillian Otwoma, Nelson Juma Miller, Kim S. TI CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF A US EVIDENCE-BASED PARENTING INTERVENTION FOR RURAL WESTERN KENYA: FROM PARENTS MATTER! TO FAMILIES MATTER! SO AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID FEMALE SEX WORKERS; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; CONDOM USE; PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH; STRUCTURAL INTERVENTIONS; HIV PREVENTION; PHILIPPINES; HIV/AIDS; RISK; IMPACT AB Evidence-based interventions (EBIs) are critical for effective HIV prevention, but time and resources required to develop and evaluate new interventions are limited. Alternatively, existing EBIs can be adapted for new settings if core elements remain intact. We describe the process of adapting the Parents Matter! Program, an EBI originally developed for African American parents to promote effective parent-child communication about sexual risk reduction and parenting skills, for use in rural Kenya. A systematic process was used to assess the community's needs, identify potential EBIs, identify and make adaptations, pilot-test the adapted intervention, and implement and monitor the adapted EBI. Evaluation results showed the adapted EBI retained its effectiveness, successfully increasing parent-child sexual communication and parenting skills. Our experience suggests an EBI can be successfully adapted for a new context if it is relevant to local needs, the process is led by a multidisciplinary team with community representation, and pilot-testing and early implementation are well monitored. C1 [Poulsen, Melissa N.; Wyckoff, Sarah C.; Miller, Kim S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, NCHHSTP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vandenhoudt, Hilde] Inst Trop Med, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. [Obong'o, Christopher O.; Ochura, Juliet; Njika, Gillian; Otwoma, Nelson Juma] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Poulsen, MN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, NCHHSTP, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mpoulsen@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0899-9546 J9 AIDS EDUC PREV JI Aids Educ. Prev. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 22 IS 4 BP 273 EP 285 PG 13 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 636NG UT WOS:000280743400001 PM 20707689 ER PT J AU Toledo, CA Varangrat, A Wimolsate, W Chemnasiri, T Phanuphak, P Kalayil, EJ McNicholl, J Karuchit, S Kengkarnrua, K van Griensven, F AF Toledo, Carlos A. Varangrat, Anchalee Wimolsate, Wipas Chemnasiri, Tareerat Phanuphak, Praphan Kalayil, Elizabeth J. McNicholl, Janet Karuchit, Samart Kengkarnrua, Kamolset van Griensven, Frits TI EXAMINING HIV INFECTION AMONG MALE SEX WORKERS IN BANGKOK, THAILAND: A COMPARISON OF PARTICIPANTS RECRUITED AT ENTERTAINMENT AND STREET VENUES SO AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN THAILAND; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MEN AB HIV prevalence and associated factors were examined among male sex workers (MSWs, N = 414) in Bangkok, Thailand. Cross-sectional venue-day-time sampling was used to collect data in entertainment and street venues. Chi-square and logistic regression were used to identify HIV risk factors. HIV prevalence was 18.8% overall, but differences were found between MSW recruited in entertainment and street venues. Significant relationships were found between several demographic, behavioral, exposure to HIV prevention, and other characteristics, and recruitment location. In multivariate analyses, being sexually attracted to men was significantly associated with HIV infection among both groups of sex workers. In addition, among street-based sex workers, not having had sex with a woman in the past 3 months, having ever had a sexually transmitted disease symptom, and not having a friend to talk to about personal problems were significantly associated with HIV infection. C1 [Toledo, Carlos A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Program, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Varangrat, Anchalee; Wimolsate, Wipas; Chemnasiri, Tareerat; McNicholl, Janet; Karuchit, Samart; van Griensven, Frits] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [McNicholl, Janet; van Griensven, Frits] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Phanuphak, Praphan; Kengkarnrua, Kamolset] Thai Red Cross Soc, AIDS Res Ctr, Bangkok, Thailand. [Kalayil, Elizabeth J.] MANILA Consulting Grp Inc, Mclean, VA USA. [Kengkarnrua, Kamolset] Rainbow Sky Assoc, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Toledo, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Program, Global AIDS Program, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E59, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ctoledo@cdc.gov RI van Griensven, Frits/G-4719-2013 OI van Griensven, Frits/0000-0002-0971-2843 NR 19 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0899-9546 J9 AIDS EDUC PREV JI Aids Educ. Prev. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 22 IS 4 BP 299 EP 311 DI 10.1521/aeap.2010.22.4.299 PG 13 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 636NG UT WOS:000280743400003 PM 20707691 ER PT J AU Vandenhoudt, H Miller, KS Ochura, J Wyckoff, SC Obong'o, CO Otwoma, NJ Poulsen, MN Menten, J Marum, E Buve, A AF Vandenhoudt, Hilde Miller, Kim S. Ochura, Juliet Wyckoff, Sarah C. Obong'o, Christopher O. Otwoma, Nelson J. Poulsen, Melissa N. Menten, Joris Marum, Elizabeth Buve, Anne TI EVALUATION OF A U.S. EVIDENCE-BASED PARENTING INTERVENTION IN RURAL WESTERN KENYA: FROM PARENTS MATTER! TO FAMILIES MATTER! SO AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID ADOLESCENT DRUG-ABUSE; SEXUAL-RISK; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; PRIMARY PREVENTION; CONDOM USE; COMMUNICATION; EDUCATION; BEHAVIOR; TRIAL; HIV AB We evaluated Families Matter! Program (FMP), an intervention designed to improve parent-child communication about sexual risk reduction and parenting skills. Parents of 10- to 12-year-olds were recruited in western Kenya. We aimed to assess community acceptability and FMP's effect on parenting practices and effective parent-child communication. Data were collected from parents and their children at baseline and 1 year postintervention. The intervention's effect was measured on six parenting and parent-child communication composite scores reported separately for parents and children. Of 375 parents, 351 (94%) attended all five intervention sessions. Parents' attitudes regarding sexuality education changed positively. Five of the six composite parenting scores reported by parents, and six of six reported by children, increased significantly at 1 year postintervention. Through careful adaptation of this U.S. intervention, FMP was well accepted in rural Kenya and enhanced parenting skills and parent-child sexuality communication. Parents are in a unique position to deliver primary prevention to youth before their sexual debut as shown in this Kenyan program. C1 [Vandenhoudt, Hilde; Menten, Joris; Buve, Anne] Inst Trop Med, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. [Miller, Kim S.; Wyckoff, Sarah C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, NCHHSTP, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ochura, Juliet; Obong'o, Christopher O.; Otwoma, Nelson J.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Poulsen, Melissa N.; Marum, Elizabeth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vandenhoudt, H (reprint author), Inst Trop Med, Natl Str 155, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. EM hvandenhoudt@itg.be FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR); U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was funded by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors appreciate the assistance of the community of Asembo; the study coordinator Fredrick Ochieng; the research officers Phylis Mboi, Daniel Adipo, Gillian Njika, Walter Odera; Families Matter! Facilitators James Ogonji, Richard Abong'o, Lilian Otin, Mary Obare, Jack Owuor; statistician Peter Nasokho; and our mentors/supervisors and reviewers: Dr. John Vulule, Dr. Laurence Slutsker, Dr. Lorrie Gavin, Dr. Jan Moore, and Dr. Kevin DeCock. NR 44 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0899-9546 J9 AIDS EDUC PREV JI Aids Educ. Prev. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 22 IS 4 BP 328 EP 343 PG 16 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 636NG UT WOS:000280743400005 PM 20707693 ER PT J AU Tsai, J Ford, ES Li, CY Pearson, WS Zhao, GX AF Tsai, James Ford, Earl S. Li, Chaoyang Pearson, William S. Zhao, Guixiang TI Binge Drinking and Suboptimal Self-Rated Health Among Adult Drinkers SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Binge Drinking; Heavy Drinking; Alcohol Use; Average Volume; Self-Rated Health ID ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; UNITED-STATES; CHILDBEARING AGE; AVERAGE VOLUME; MORTALITY; DISORDERS; WOMEN; PATTERNS; QUESTION; LIFE AB Background: Binge drinking accounts for more than half of the 79,000 annual deaths in the United States that are owing to excessive drinking. The overall objective of our study was to examine the prevalence of binge drinking and consumption levels associated with suboptimal self-rated health among the general population of adult drinkers in all 50 states and territories in the United States. Methods: The study included a total of 200,587 current drinkers who participated in the 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey. We estimated the prevalence of binge drinking (i.e., >= 5 drinks on 1 occasion for men or >= 4 drinks on 1 occasion for women) and heavy drinking (i.e., an average of > 14 drinks per week for men or > 7 drinks per week for women), as well as the average number of binge episodes per person during a 30-day period. Odds ratios were produced with multivariate logistic regression models using binge-drinking levels as a predictor; status of suboptimal self-rated health was used as an outcome variable while controlling for sociodemographic, health, and behavioral risk factors. Results: We estimate that 34.7 million adult drinkers in the United States engaged in binge drinking in 2008, including an estimated 42.2% who reported either heavy drinking or at least 4 binge-drinking episodes in a 30-day period. Binge drinking with such levels was associated with a 13-23% increased likelihood of reporting suboptimal self-rated health, when compared to the nonbinge drinkers. Conclusions: Binge drinking continues to be a serious public health concern. Frequent binge drinkers or binge drinkers who consume alcohol heavily are especially at risk of suboptimal self-rated health. Our findings underscore the importance of broad-based implementation in health care settings of screening for and brief interventions to address alcohol misuse, as well as the continuing need to implement effective population-based prevention strategies to reduce alcohol-related morbidity and mortality. C1 [Tsai, James; Ford, Earl S.; Li, Chaoyang; Pearson, William S.; Zhao, Guixiang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tsai, J (reprint author), NCCDPHP CDC, Div Adult & Community Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jxt9@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD AUG PY 2010 VL 34 IS 8 BP 1465 EP 1471 DI 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01231.x PG 7 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 629KA UT WOS:000280195200018 PM 20528820 ER PT J AU Hebert, LE Bienias, JL McCann, JJ Scherr, PA Wilson, RS Evans, DA AF Hebert, Liesi E. Bienias, Julia L. McCann, Judith J. Scherr, Paul A. Wilson, Robert S. Evans, Denis A. TI Upper and Lower Extremity Motor Performance and Functional Impairment in Alzheimer's Disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE AND OTHER DEMENTIAS LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; physical function; physical performance; longitudinal study ID LONGITUDINAL DATA-ANALYSIS; EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SIGNS; PARKINSONIAN SIGNS; PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE; COGNITIVE DECLINE; SUBSTANTIA-NIGRA; OLDER POPULATION; DISABILITY; DEMENTIA; PREDICTORS AB This report examines the relation of upper and lower extremity motor performance to functional impairment among 371 persons with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cognitive and motor performance tests were administered at 6-month intervals for up to 4 years. Motor performance was assessed using 3 lower extremity tests and 2 upper extremity tests. Functional impairment was measured at 3-month intervals using caregiver ratings of impairments in activities of daily living, mobility, and range of motion. Both lower and upper extremity performance were inversely related to functional impairments on all 3 scales (all Ps < .001), after controlling for age, sex, and level of cognitive impairment. This suggests that motor performance contributes to functional impairments in AD, independent of cognitive impairment. It is important to preserve motor performance in individuals with AD because it influences physical function throughout the course of the disease. C1 [Hebert, Liesi E.; McCann, Judith J.; Evans, Denis A.] Rush Univ, Rush Inst Healthy Aging, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Hebert, Liesi E.; Evans, Denis A.] Rush Univ, Dept Internal Med, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [McCann, Judith J.] Rush Univ, Coll Nursing, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Wilson, Robert S.] Rush Univ, Dept Neurol Sci, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Wilson, Robert S.] Rush Univ, Dept Behav Sci, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Wilson, Robert S.] Rush Univ, Rush Alzheimers Dis Ctr, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Scherr, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hebert, LE (reprint author), Rush Univ, Rush Inst Healthy Aging, Med Ctr, 1645 W Jackson Blvd,Suite 675, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM Liesi_Hebert@rush.edu FU National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health [R01 AG10315, R01 AG09966] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research and/or authorship of this article: This study was supported by Grants R01 AG10315 and R01 AG09966 from the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health. NR 43 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1533-3175 J9 AM J ALZHEIMERS DIS JI Am. J. Alzheimers Dis. Other Dement. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 25 IS 5 BP 425 EP 431 DI 10.1177/1533317510367636 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Clinical Neurology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 631LF UT WOS:000280347700005 PM 20484749 ER PT J AU Bailey, RL McDowell, MA Dodd, KW Gahche, JJ Dwyer, JT Picciano, MF AF Bailey, Regan L. McDowell, Margaret A. Dodd, Kevin W. Gahche, Jaime J. Dwyer, Johanna T. Picciano, Mary Frances TI Total folate and folic acid intakes from foods and dietary supplements of US children aged 1-13 y SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; COMPLEX SURVEY DATA; UNITED-STATES; INTAKE DISTRIBUTIONS; FORTIFICATION; NUTRITION; VITAMIN; PREVENTION; NUTRIENTS; ENERGY AB Background: Total folate intake includes naturally occurring food folate and folic acid from fortified foods and dietary supplements. Recent reports have focused on total folate intakes of persons aged >= 14 y. Information on total folate intakes of young children, however, is limited. Objective: The objective was to compute total folate and total folic acid intakes of US children aged 1-13 y by using a statistical method that adjusts for within-person variability and to compare these intakes with the Dietary Reference Intake guidelines for adequacy and excess. Design: Data from the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey, were analyzed. Total folate intakes were derived by combining intakes of food folate (naturally occurring and folic acid from fortified foods) on the basis of 24-h dietary recall results and folic acid intakes from dietary supplements on the basis of a 30-d questionnaire. Results: More than 95% of US children consumed at least the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for folate from foods alone. More than one-third (35%) of US children aged 1-13 y used dietary supplements, and 28% used dietary supplements containing folic acid. Supplement users had significantly higher total folate and folic acid intakes than did nonusers. More than half (53%) of dietary supplement users exceeded the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for total folic acid (fortified food + supplements) as compared with 5% of nonusers. Conclusions: Total folate intakes of most US children aged 1-13 y meet the EAR. Children who used dietary supplements had significantly higher total folate intakes and exceeded the UL by >50%. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 92: 353-8. C1 [Bailey, Regan L.; Dwyer, Johanna T.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [McDowell, Margaret A.] NIH, Div Nutr Res Coordinat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Dodd, Kevin W.] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Gahche, Jaime J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Bailey, RL (reprint author), 6100 Execut Blvd,2B03, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM baileyr@mail.nih.gov OI Dwyer, Johanna/0000-0002-0783-1769 FU National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements FX Supported by the National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements. NR 37 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 92 IS 2 BP 353 EP 358 DI 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29652 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 628UZ UT WOS:000280149700013 PM 20534747 ER PT J AU Bailey, RL Mills, JL Yetley, EA Gahche, JJ Pfeiffer, CM Dwyer, JT Dodd, KW Sempos, CT Betz, JM Picciano, MF AF Bailey, Regan L. Mills, James L. Yetley, Elizabeth A. Gahche, Jaime J. Pfeiffer, Christine M. Dwyer, Johanna T. Dodd, Kevin W. Sempos, Christopher T. Betz, Joseph M. Picciano, Mary Frances TI Unmetabolized serum folic acid and its relation to folic acid intake from diet and supplements in a nationally representative sample of adults aged >= 60 y in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; FOLATE FORTIFICATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BLOOD FOLATE; CANCER-RISK; PLASMA; WOMEN; QUANTIFICATION; VITAMIN-B-12 AB Background: Unmetabolized serum folic acid (UMFA) has been detected in adults. Previous research indicates that high folic acid intakes may be associated with risk of cancer. Objective: The objective was to examine UMFA concentrations in relation to dietary and supplemental folate and status biomarkers in the US population aged >= 60 y. Design: Surplus sera were analyzed with the use of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2002, a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey (n = 1121). Results: UMFA was detected in 38% of the population, with a mean concentration of 4.4 +/- 0.6 nmol/L (median: 1.2 +/- 0.2 nmol/L). The group with UMFA (UMFA+) had a significantly higher proportion of folic acid supplement users than did the group without UMFA (60% compared with 41%). UMFA+ men and women also had higher supplemental and total (food + supplements) folic acid intakes than did their counterparts without UMFA. Forty percent of the UMFA+ group was in the highest quartile of total folic acid intake, but total folic acid intake was only moderately related to UMFA concentrations (r(2) = 0.07). Serum folate concentrations were significantly higher in the UMFA+ group and were predictive of UMFA concentrations (r(2) = 0.15). Serum 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and vitamin B-12 concentrations were higher in the UMFA+ group, whereas there was no difference between the 2 UMFA groups in red blood cell folate, serum homocysteine, or methylmalonic acid concentrations. Conclusions: Approximately 40% of older adults in the United States have UMFA that persists after a fast, and the presence of UMFA is not easily explained in NHANES by folic acid intakes alone. Given the possibility that excessive folic acid exposure may relate to cancer risk, monitoring of UMFA may be warranted. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 92: 383-9. C1 [Bailey, Regan L.; Yetley, Elizabeth A.; Dwyer, Johanna T.; Sempos, Christopher T.; Betz, Joseph M.; Picciano, Mary Frances] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Mills, James L.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child & Human De, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Dodd, Kevin W.] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Gahche, Jaime J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Pfeiffer, Christine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bailey, RL (reprint author), 6100 Execut Blvd,2B03, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM baileyr@mail.nih.gov OI Dwyer, Johanna/0000-0002-0783-1769 FU National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements FX Supported by the National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements. NR 30 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 92 IS 2 BP 383 EP 389 DI 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29499 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 628UZ UT WOS:000280149700017 PM 20573790 ER PT J AU Ogunniyi, MO Croft, JB Greenlund, KJ Giles, WH Mensah, GA AF Ogunniyi, Modele O. Croft, Janet B. Greenlund, Kurt J. Giles, Wayne H. Mensah, George A. TI Racial/Ethnic Differences in Microalbuminuria Among Adults With Prehypertension and Hypertension: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1999-2006 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE blood pressure; ethnicity; hypertension; microalbuminuria; NHANES; race ID URINARY ALBUMIN EXCRETION; ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; US POPULATION; ASSOCIATION; PREVALENCE; MORTALITY; MARKER; CKD AB BACKGROUND Microalbuminuria, a biomarker of endothelial dysfunction, is associated with increased cardiovascular, renal, and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality, especially among ethnic minorities. METHODS A total of 16,567 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination survey (NHANES) from 1999 through 2006 were categorized according to JNC 7 blood pressure (BP) definitions. Microalbuminuria was defined as spot urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) of 30-299 mg/g. Logistic regression estimated the odds of having microalbuminuria among BP categories compared with normal BP after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, sex, education level, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), systolic BP, and diabetes. RESULTS Prevalence of microalbuminuria was 4.5% for normal BP, 6.3% for prehypertension, 12.4% for stage 1 hypertension, 25.3% for stage 2 hypertension, and 11.3% among those with treated, controlled hypertension. Compared with participants with normal BP, the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for microalbuminuria were 1.3 (1.0-1.7, P = 0.03) for those with prehypertension, 2.3 (1.8-3.0, P < 0.01) with stage 1 hypertension, 4.8 (3.7-6.3 P < 0.01) with stage 2 hypertension, and 1.6 (1.3-2.1, P < 0.01) with treated, controlled hypertension. the treated controlled hypertension group exhibited the strongest race-ethnicity gradient. CONCLUSIONS Participants with hypertension and prehypertension had a higher likelihood of microalbuminuria than those with normal BP, especially ethnic minorities, suggesting greater target organ damage. Our observations suggest that further research is necessary to determine whether microalbuminuria can be used as a screening tool in adults with prehypertension, to identify adults at highest risk for cardiovascular disease or decline in renal function. C1 [Ogunniyi, Modele O.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Cardiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Ogunniyi, Modele O.; Croft, Janet B.; Greenlund, Kurt J.; Giles, Wayne H.; Mensah, George A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ogunniyi, MO (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Cardiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM modele.ogunniyi@emory.edu RI Library, Woodruff Health/A-6096-2012; OI OGUNNIYI, MODELE/0000-0001-9545-3675; Mensah, George/0000-0002-0387-5326 NR 25 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 6 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0895-7061 J9 AM J HYPERTENS JI Am. J. Hypertens. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 23 IS 8 BP 859 EP 864 DI 10.1038/ajh.2010.77 PG 6 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 628VD UT WOS:000280150300016 PM 20414192 ER PT J AU Tsan, L Langberg, R Davis, C Phillips, Y Pierce, J Hojlo, C Gibert, C Gaynes, R Montgomery, O Bradley, S Danko, L Roselle, G AF Tsan, Linda Langberg, Robert Davis, Chester Phillips, Yancy Pierce, John Hojlo, Christa Gibert, Cynthia Gaynes, Robert Montgomery, Ona Bradley, Suzanne Danko, Linda Roselle, Gary TI Nursing home-associated infections in Department of Veterans Affairs community living centers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Nursing home-associated infection; point prevalence survey; VA community living center ID LONG-TERM-CARE; NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS; ACQUIRED INFECTIONS; PREVALENCE; SURVEILLANCE; FACILITIES AB Background: Little is known about factors contributing to nursing home-associated infections (NHAIs). We conducted a survey of residents in 133 Department of Veterans Affairs community living centers to determine the roles of indwelling device use, bed locations, and treatment codes on NHAIs. Methods: A Web-based point prevalence survey of NHAIs using modified Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definitions for health care-associated infections was conducted on November 14, 2007. Results: Among 10,939 residents, 575 had at least one NHAI, for a point prevalence rate of 5.3%. Urinary tract infection, skin infection, asymptomatic bacteriuria, and pneumonia were the most prevalent NHAIs. A total of 2687 residents had one or more indwelling devices; 290 of these also had an NHAI, for a prevalence of 10.8%. In contrast, the prevalence of NHAIs in residents without indwelling devices was 3.5% (P < .0001). Indwelling urinary catheters, percutaneous gastrostomy tubes, peripherally inserted central catheters, and suprapubic urinary catheters were the most commonly used devices. There were 4027 residents in designated units and 6912 residents in dispersed units. The rate of device use was 21.4% in the designated units and 26.4% in the dispersed units (P < .0001). The prevalence of NHAIs was 4.5% in the designated units and 5.7% in the dispersed units (P < .001). Rates of NHAIs and device use varied greatly among the various treatment codes; however, there was a positive correlation between the rates of NHAIs and device use. Stepwise logistic regression analysis of data from long-stay and short-stay skilled nursing care residents revealed that only the presence of an indwelling device, not length of stay or bed location, affected the rate of NHAIs. Conclusion: Indwelling device use, but not bed location or treatment code, was found to be associated with increased rate of NHAIs. C1 [Tsan, Linda; Langberg, Robert; Davis, Chester; Phillips, Yancy; Pierce, John; Hojlo, Christa; Danko, Linda; Roselle, Gary] Dept Vet Affairs Cent Off, Washington, DC USA. [Gibert, Cynthia] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20422 USA. [Gaynes, Robert] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Gaynes, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Montgomery, Ona] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Amarillo, TX USA. [Bradley, Suzanne] VA Ann Arbor Healthcare Syst, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Danko, Linda; Roselle, Gary] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. RP Tsan, L (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs, Off Med Inspector 10MI, 810 Vermont Ave NW, Washington, DC 20420 USA. EM linda.w.tsan@va.gov NR 17 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD AUG PY 2010 VL 38 IS 6 BP 461 EP 466 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2009.12.009 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 629WP UT WOS:000280231600009 PM 20656129 ER PT J AU Patel, PR Thompson, ND Kallen, AJ Arduino, MJ AF Patel, Priti R. Thompson, Nicola D. Kallen, Alexander J. Arduino, Matthew J. TI Epidemiology, Surveillance, and Prevention of Hepatitis C Virus Infections in Hemodialysis Patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis C; dialysis; epidemiology; transmission; infection control ID UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE; DIALYSIS-MEMBRANE; HAND HYGIENE; TRANSMISSION; BLOOD; CONTAMINATION; PREVALENCE; MORTALITY; ANTIBODY AB Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the most common chronic blood-borne infection in the United States; the prevalence in maintenance hemodialysis patients substantially exceeds that in the general population. In hemodialysis patients, HCV infection has been associated with increased occurrence of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and increased mortality. Injection drug use and receipt of blood transfusions before 1992 has accounted for most prevalent HCV infections in the United States. However, HCV transmission among patients undergoing hemodialysis has been documented frequently. Outbreak investigations have implicated lapses in infection control practices as the cause of HCV infections. Preventing these infections is an emerging priority for renal care providers, public health agencies, and regulators. Adherence to recommended infection control practices is effective in preventing HCV transmission in hemodialysis facilities. In addition, adoption of routine screening to facilitate the detection of incident HCV infections and hemodialysis-related transmission is an essential component of patient safety and infection prevention efforts. This article describes the current epidemiology of HCV infection in US maintenance hemodialysis patients and prevention practices to decrease its incidence and transmission. Am J Kidney Dis 56:371-378. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. This is a US Government Work. There are no restrictions on its use. C1 [Patel, Priti R.; Kallen, Alexander J.; Arduino, Matthew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thompson, Nicola D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Patel, PR (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ppatel@cdc.gov RI Arduino, Matthew/C-1461-2012 OI Arduino, Matthew/0000-0001-7072-538X NR 50 TC 34 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 56 IS 2 BP 371 EP 378 DI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2010.01.025 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 638DS UT WOS:000280872700018 PM 20570422 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ Feero, WG Valdez, R AF Khoury, Muin J. Feero, William G. Valdez, Rodolfo TI Family History and Personal Genomics As Tools for Improving Health in an Era of Evidence-Based Medicine SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL-INSTITUTES; COMMON DISEASES; RISK; PREVENTION; RECOMMENDATIONS; PRIORITIES; STATEMENT; PROFILES; SCIENCE C1 [Khoury, Muin J.; Valdez, Rodolfo] CDC, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Feero, William G.] Maine Dartmouth Family Med Residency Program, Augusta, ME USA. [Feero, William G.] NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Khoury, MJ (reprint author), CDC, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM muk1@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 2 BP 184 EP 188 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.03.019 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 632MP UT WOS:000280429100011 PM 20621267 ER PT J AU Seeman, I AF Seeman, Isadore TI DATA ON DISABILITY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Letter C1 [Seeman, Isadore] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Seeman, I (reprint author), 3154 Gracefield Rd,Apt 205, Silver Spring, MD 20904 USA. EM samseeman@comcast.net NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD AUG PY 2010 VL 100 IS 8 BP 1367 EP 1367 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2010.193276 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 656RR UT WOS:000282354800003 PM 20558785 ER PT J AU Parra, DC McKenzie, TL Ribeiro, IC Hino, AAF Dreisinger, M Coniglio, K Munk, M Brownson, RC Pratt, M Hoehner, CM Simoes, EJ AF Parra, Diana C. McKenzie, Thomas L. Ribeiro, Isabela C. Ferreira Hino, Adriano A. Dreisinger, Mariah Coniglio, Kathryn Munk, Marcia Brownson, Ross C. Pratt, Michael Hoehner, Christine M. Simoes, Eduardo J. TI Assessing Physical Activity in Public Parks in Brazil Using Systematic Observation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID RECREATIONAL RESOURCES; BUILT ENVIRONMENT; HEALTH; PARTICIPATION; INTERVENTIONS; AVAILABILITY AB Objectives. We assessed park use in Recife, Brazil, and differences in physical activity and occupation rates in public parks with and without the Academia da Cidade Program (ACP), which provides cost-free, supervised physical activity classes. Methods. We used the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) in 128 targeted areas in 10 park sites (5 ACP sites, 5 non-ACP sites) to obtain data on the number of users and their physical activity levels and estimated age. Each area was assessed 4 times a day for 11 days over a 4-week period. Results. A total of 32 974 people were observed during 5589 observation visits to target areas. People using ACP parks were more likely to be seen engaging in moderate-to-vigorous (64% vs 49%) and vigorous (25% vs 10%) physical activity. Relatively more participants in ACP sites than in non-ACP sites were females (45% vs 42% of park users) and older adults (14.7% vs 5.7% of park users). Conclusions. On the basis of systematic observation, ACP appears to be a useful strategy in promoting park use and physical activity among the population in Recife. (Am J Public Health. 2010;100:1420-1426. doi:10.2105/ AJPH.2009.181230) C1 [Parra, Diana C.; Dreisinger, Mariah; Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [McKenzie, Thomas L.] San Diego State Univ, Sch Exercise & Nutr Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Ribeiro, Isabela C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ferreira Hino, Adriano A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Munk, Marcia] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Prevent Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Coniglio, Kathryn] St Louis Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Phys Activ & Hlth Branch, Div Nutr Phys Activ & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hoehner, Christine M.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. [Simoes, Eduardo J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Parra, DC (reprint author), 8150 Whitburn Dr 2 W, Clayton, MO 63105 USA. EM dianacpp79@yahoo.com RI Hino, Adriano Akira/F-5532-2012; Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015; OI Hino, Adriano Akira/0000-0003-1649-9419; Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Simoes, Eduardo/0000-0003-4371-4305 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U48/DP000060-02] FX This study was funded by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Prevention Research Center Program (grant U48/DP000060-02). NR 32 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD AUG PY 2010 VL 100 IS 8 BP 1420 EP 1426 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2009.181230 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 656RR UT WOS:000282354800019 PM 20558792 ER PT J AU Zhang, XZ Luo, HB Gregg, EW Mukhtar, Q Rivera, M Barker, L Albright, A AF Zhang, Xinzhi Luo, Huabin Gregg, Edward W. Mukhtar, Qaiser Rivera, Mark Barker, Lawrence Albright, Ann TI Obesity Prevention and Diabetes Screening at Local Health Departments SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; IMPAIRED FASTING GLUCOSE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; US ADULTS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; CHRONIC DISEASE; CORE FUNCTIONS; PREVALENCE; PERFORMANCE; OVERWEIGHT AB Objectives. We assessed whether local health departments (LHDs) were conducting obesity prevention programs and diabetes screening programs, and we examined associations between LHD characteristics and whether they conducted these programs. Methods. We used the 2005 National Profile of Local Health Departments to conduct a cross-sectional analysis of 2300 LHDs nationwide. We used multivariate logistic regressions to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results. Approximately 56% of LHDs had obesity prevention programs, 51% had diabetes screening programs, and 34% had both. After controlling for other factors, we found that employing health educators was significantly associated with LHDs conducting obesity prevention programs (OR=2.08; 95% CI=1.54, 2.81) and diabetes screening programs (OR= 1.63; 95% CI =1.23, 2.17). We also found that conducting chronic disease surveillance was significantly associated with LHDs conducting obesity prevention programs (OR=1.66; 95% CI=1.26, 2.20) and diabetes screening programs (OR =2.44; 95% CI =1.90, 3.15). LHDs with a higher burden of diabetes prevalence were more likely to conduct diabetes screening programs (OR= 1.20; 95% CI = 1.11, 1.31) but not obesity prevention programs. Conclusions. The presence of obesity prevention and diabetes screening programs was significantly associated with LHD structural capacity and general performance. However, the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of both types of programs remain unknown. (Am J Public Health. 2010;100:1434-1441. doi:10. 2105/AJPH.2009.168831) C1 [Zhang, Xinzhi; Gregg, Edward W.; Mukhtar, Qaiser; Rivera, Mark; Barker, Lawrence; Albright, Ann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Luo, Huabin] Mt Olive Coll, Dept Hlth Care Management, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Zhang, XZ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE K-10, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM XZhang4@cdc.gov NR 41 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD AUG PY 2010 VL 100 IS 8 BP 1434 EP 1441 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2009.168831 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 656RR UT WOS:000282354800021 PM 20558810 ER PT J AU Weaver, JB Mays, D Weaver, SS Hopkins, GL Eroglu, D Bernhardt, JM AF Weaver, James B., III Mays, Darren Weaver, Stephanie Sargent Hopkins, Gary L. Eroglu, Dogan Bernhardt, Jay M. TI Health Information Seeking Behaviors, Health Indicators, and Health Risks SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID INTERNET; ANXIETY; DETERMINANTS; CONSUMERS; EVALUATE; OUTCOMES; ILLNESS; USERS AB Objectives. We examined how different types of health information-seeking behaviors (HISBs)-no use, illness information only, wellness information only, and illness and wellness information combined-are associated with health risk factors and health indicators to determine possible motives for health information seeking. Methods. A sample of 559 Seattle-Tacoma area adults completed an Internet-based survey in summer 2006. The survey assessed types of HISB, physical and mental health indicators, health risks, and several covariates. Covariate-adjusted linear and logistic regression models were computed. Results. Almost half (49.4%) of the sample reported HISBs. Most HISBs (40.6%) involved seeking a combination of illness and wellness information, but both illness-only (28.6%) and wellness-only (30.8%) HISBs were also widespread. Wellness-only information seekers reported the most positive health assessments and the lowest occurrence of health risk factors. An opposite pattern emerged for illness-only information seekers. Conclusions. Our findings reveal a unique pattern of linkages between the type of health information sought (wellness, illness, and so on) and health self-assessment among adult Internet users in western Washington State. These associations suggest that distinct health motives may underlie HISB, a phenomenon frequently overlooked in previous research. (Am J Public Health. 2010;100: 1520-1525. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.180521) C1 [Weaver, James B., III; Mays, Darren; Weaver, Stephanie Sargent; Eroglu, Dogan; Bernhardt, Jay M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Mkt, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hopkins, Gary L.] Andrews Univ, Inst Prevent Addict, Ctr Media Impact Res, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. RP Weaver, JB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Mkt, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E21, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jim.weaver@cdc.gov OI Bernhardt, Jay/0000-0002-2045-4005 FU Center for Media Impact Research in the Institute for Prevention of Addictions at Andrews University; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This research was supported in part by a grant from the Center for Media Impact Research in the Institute for Prevention of Addictions at Andrews University and by appointments of D. Mays and S.S. Weaver to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the CDC. NR 47 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 7 U2 28 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD AUG PY 2010 VL 100 IS 8 BP 1520 EP 1525 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2009.180521 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 656RR UT WOS:000282354800033 PM 20558794 ER PT J AU Msiska, Z Pacurari, M Mishra, A Leonard, SS Castranova, V Vallyathan, V AF Msiska, Zola Pacurari, Maricica Mishra, Anurag Leonard, Stephen S. Castranova, Vince Vallyathan, Val TI DNA Double-Strand Breaks by Asbestos, Silica, and Titanium Dioxide SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE asbestos; carcinogenesis; DNA damage; H2AX; silica ID HISTONE H2AX PHOSPHORYLATION; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; CHRONIC INFLAMMATION; MESOTHELIAL CELLS; SPECIES FORMATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; FREE-RADICALS; LUNG-CANCER; APOPTOSIS; DAMAGE AB DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) can result in cell death or genetic alterations when cells are subjected to radiation, exposure to toxins, or other environmental stresses. A complex DNA-damage-response pathway is activated to repair the damage, and the inability to repair these breaks can lead to carcinogenesis. One of the earliest responses to DNA DSBs is the phosphorylation of a histone, H2AX, at serine 139 (gamma-H2AX), which can be detected by a fluorescent antibody. A study was undertaken to compare the induction of DNA DSBs in normal (small airway epithelial) cells and cancer cells (A549) after exposure to asbestos (crocidolite), a proven carcinogen, silica, a suspected carcinogen, and titanium dioxide (TiO(2)), an inert particle recently reported to be carcinogenic in animals. The results indicate that crocidolite induced greater DNA DSBs than silica and TiO(2), regardless of cell type. DNA DSBs caused by crocidolite were higher in normal cells than in cancer cells. Silica and TiO(2) induced higher DNA DSBs in cancer cells than in normal cells. The production of reactive oxygen species was found to be highest in cells exposed to crocidolite, followed, in potency, by silica and TiO(2). The generation of reactive oxygen species was higher in normal cells than in cancer cells. Cell viability assay indicated that crocidolite caused the greatest cytotoxicity in both cell types. Apoptosis, measured by caspase 3/7 and poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase activation, was highest in crocidolite-exposed cells, followed by TiO(2) and silica. The results of this study indicate that crocidolite has a greater carcinogenic potential than silica and TiO(2), judged by its ability to cause sustained genomic instability in normal lung cells. C1 [Pacurari, Maricica; Mishra, Anurag; Leonard, Stephen S.; Castranova, Vince] NIOSH, Pathol & Physiol Res Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Branch, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Vallyathan, V (reprint author), NIOSH, CDC, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM vav1@cdc.gov FU U.S. Army Medical Research; Material Command Military Operational Medicine Research Program FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command Military Operational Medicine Research Program. NR 48 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA SN 1044-1549 J9 AM J RESP CELL MOL JI Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 43 IS 2 BP 210 EP 219 DI 10.1165/rcmb.2009-0062OC PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System GA 634YV UT WOS:000280623100011 PM 19783790 ER PT J AU Nguku, PM Sharif, SK Mutonga, D Amwayi, S Omolo, J Mohammed, O Farnon, EC Gould, LH Lederman, E Rao, C Sang, R Schnabel, D Feikin, DR Hightower, A Njenga, MK Breiman, RF AF Nguku, Patrick M. Sharif, S. K. Mutonga, David Amwayi, Samuel Omolo, Jared Mohammed, Omar Farnon, Eileen C. Gould, L. Hannah Lederman, Edith Rao, Carol Sang, Rosemary Schnabel, David Feikin, Daniel R. Hightower, Allen Njenga, M. Kariuki Breiman, Robert F. TI An Investigation of a Major Outbreak of Rift Valley Fever in Kenya: 2006-2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SAUDI-ARABIA; SOUTH-AFRICA; EAST-AFRICA; VIRUS; EPIDEMIC; HUMANS; DISEASE; EGYPT; PCR AB An outbreak of Rift Valley fever (RVF) occurred in Kenya during November 2006 through March 2007. We characterized the magnitude of the outbreak through disease surveillance and serosurveys, and investigated contributing factors to enhance strategies for forecasting to prevent or minimize the impact of future outbreaks. Of 700 suspected cases, 392 met probable or confirmed case definitions; demographic data were available for 340 (87%), including 90 (26.4%) deaths. Male cases were more likely to die than females, Case Fatality Rate Ratio 1.8 (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.3-3.8). Serosurveys suggested an attack rate up to 13% of residents in heavily affected areas. Genetic sequencing showed high homology among viruses from this and earlier RVF outbreaks. Case areas were more likely than non-case areas to have soil types that retain surface moisture. The outbreak had a devastatingly high case-fatality rate for hospitalized patients. However, there were up to 180,000 infected mildly ill or asymptomatic people within highly affected areas. Soil type data may add specificity to climate-based forecasting models for RVF. C1 [Breiman, Robert F.] CDC Kenya, Global Dis Detect Div, Nairobi, Kenya. Kenya Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Nairobi, Kenya. [Amwayi, Samuel] Field Epidemiol & Lab Training Program, Dept Dis Prevent & Control, Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Nairobi, Kenya. Prov Med Off, Garissa, Kenya. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. CDC, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Virol Res, Nairobi, Kenya. [Schnabel, David] US Army Med Res Unit Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. [Nguku, Patrick M.] Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Div Communicable Dis Control, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mutonga, David] Minist Hlth, Div Dis Surveillance & Response, Nairobi, Kenya. [Farnon, Eileen C.; Hightower, Allen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gould, L. Hannah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lederman, Edith] USN, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Rao, Carol] CDC China, Int Emerging Infect Program, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Sang, Rosemary] Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, Nairobi, Kenya. [Feikin, Daniel R.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Njenga, M. Kariuki] KEMRI Headquarters, Int Emerging Infect Program, CDC Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. [Breiman, Robert F.] KEMRI Headquarters, Off Director, CDC Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Breiman, RF (reprint author), CDC Kenya, Global Dis Detect Div, Mbagathi Rd,Mbagathi Way, Nairobi, Kenya. EM drnguku@yahoo.com; sksharif@africaonline.co.ke; davidmutonga@yahoo.com; amwayi2004@yahoo.com; jaredom2000@yahoo.com; edf6@cdc.gov; dvj9@cdc.gov; edith.lederman@med.navy.mil; cnr3@cdc.gov; Rsang@wrp-nbo.org; dschnabel@wrp-nbo.org; dfeikin@jhsph.edu; awh1@cdc.gov; KNjenga@ke.cdc.gov; rbreiman@ke.cdc.gov NR 37 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 83 IS 2 SU S BP 5 EP 13 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0288 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 635YS UT WOS:000280694500002 PM 20682900 ER PT J AU Anyangu, AS Gould, LH Sharif, SK Nguku, PM Omolo, JO Mutonga, D Rao, CY Lederman, ER Schnabel, D Paweska, JT Katz, M Hightower, A Njenga, MK Feikin, DR Breiman, RF AF Anyangu, Amwayi S. Gould, L. Hannah Sharif, Shahnaaz K. Nguku, Patrick M. Omolo, Jared O. Mutonga, David Rao, Carol Y. Lederman, Edith R. Schnabel, David Paweska, Janusz T. Katz, Mark Hightower, Allen Njenga, M. Kariuki Feikin, Daniel R. Breiman, Robert F. TI Risk Factors for Severe Rift Valley Fever Infection in Kenya, 2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SAUDI-ARABIA; ABATTOIR WORKERS; SOUTH-AFRICA; VIRUS; OUTBREAK; EPIDEMIC; DISEASE; EGYPT; HUMANS; QUANTIFICATION AB A large Rift Valley fever (RVF) outbreak occurred in Kenya from December 2006 to March 2007. We conducted a study to define risk factors associated with infection and severe disease. A total of 861 individuals from 424 households were enrolled. Two hundred and two participants (23%) had serologic evidence of acute RVF infection. Of these, 52 (26%) had severe RVF disease characterized by hemorrhagic manifestations or death. Independent risk factors for acute RVF infection were consuming or handling products from sick animals (odds ratio [OR] = 2.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.78-3.61, population attributable risk percentage [PAR%] = 19%) and being a herdsperson (OR 1.77,95% CI = 1.20-2.63, PAR% = 11%). Touching an aborted animal fetus was associated with severe RVF disease (OR = 3.83,95% CI = 1.68-9.07, PAR% = 14%). Consuming or handling products from sick animals was associated with death (OR = 3.67,95% CI = 1.07-12.64, PAR% = 47%). Exposures related to animal contact were associated with acute RVF infection, whereas exposures to mosquitoes were not independent risk factors. C1 [Gould, L. Hannah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Johannesburg, South Africa. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect Div, Nairobi, Kenya. [Breiman, Robert F.] CDC Kenya, Global Dis Detect Div, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Paweska, Janusz T.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Special Pathogens Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Anyangu, Amwayi S.] Prov Headquarters N Eastern Prov, Garissa, Kenya. [Nguku, Patrick M.] Minist Hlth, Div Communicable Dis Control, Nairobi, Kenya. [Omolo, Jared O.; Mutonga, David] Minist Hlth, Div Dis Surveillance & Response, Nairobi, Kenya. [Rao, Carol Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lederman, Edith R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div Viral & Rickettisial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Program Kenya, US Publ Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Breiman, RF (reprint author), CDC Kenya, Global Dis Detect Div, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nairobi, Kenya. EM amwayi2004@yahoo.com; lgould@cdc.gov; sksharif@africaonline.co.ke; drnguku@yahoo.com; jaredom@gmail.com; davidmutonga@yahoo.com; cnr3@cdc.gov; dvk9@cdc.gov; dschnabel@wrp-nbo.org; mkatz@ke.cdc.gov; AHightower@ke.cdc.gov; KNjenga@ke.cdc.gov; DFeikin@ke.cdc.gov; rbreiman@ke.cdc.gov FU Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation, Kenya; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Atlanta, GA and Nairobi, Kenya; Walter Reed Programme (WRP) U.S. Army Medical Research Unit, Kenya; Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Kenya FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation, Kenya; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Atlanta, GA and Nairobi, Kenya; Walter Reed Programme (WRP) U.S. Army Medical Research Unit, Kenya; Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Kenya. NR 46 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 83 IS 2 SU S BP 14 EP 21 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0293 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 635YS UT WOS:000280694500003 PM 20682901 ER PT J AU Mohamed, M Mosha, F Mghamba, J Zaki, SR Shieh, WJ Paweska, J Omulo, S Gikundi, S Mmbuji, P Bloland, P Zeidner, N Kalinga, R Breiman, RF Njenga, MK AF Mohamed, Mohamed Mosha, Fausta Mghamba, Janeth Zaki, Sherif R. Shieh, Wun-Ju Paweska, Janusz Omulo, Sylvia Gikundi, Solomon Mmbuji, Peter Bloland, Peter Zeidner, Nordin Kalinga, Raphael Breiman, Robert F. Njenga, M. Kariuki TI Epidemiologic and Clinical Aspects of a Rift Valley Fever Outbreak in Humans in Tanzania, 2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SAUDI-ARABIA; KENYA; PCR AB In January 2007, an outbreak of Rift Valley fever (RVF) was detected among humans in northern Tanzania districts. By the end of the outbreak in June, 2007, 511 suspect RVF cases had been recorded from 10 of the 21 regions of Tanzania, with laboratory confirmation of 186 cases and another 123 probable cases. All confirmed RVF cases were located in the north-central and southern regions of the country, with an eventual fatality rate of 28.2% (N = 144). All suspected cases had fever; 89% had encephalopathy, 10% hemorrhage, and 3% retinopathy. A total of 169 (55%) of the 309 confirmed or probable cases were also positive for malaria as detected by peripheral blood smear. In a cohort of 20 RVF cases with known outcome that were also positive for human immunodeficiency virus, 15 (75%) died. Contact with sick animals and animal products, including blood, meat, and milk, were identified as major risk factors of acquiring RVF. C1 [Mohamed, Mohamed; Mosha, Fausta; Mghamba, Janeth; Mmbuji, Peter; Kalinga, Raphael] Tanzania Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Prevent Serv Viral & Rickettsial Dis & Vecto, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Sandrigham, South Africa. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Global Dis Detect Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Zaki, Sherif R.; Shieh, Wun-Ju] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Omulo, Sylvia; Gikundi, Solomon; Breiman, Robert F.; Njenga, M. Kariuki] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Global Dis Detect Div, Nairobi, Kenya. [Bloland, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Njenga, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Unit 8900, Box 6610, Dpo, AE 09831 USA. EM mahd67@yahoo.com; Fausta_mosha@yahoo.com; mashaka_2000@yahoo.com; sxl@cdc.gov; wbs9@cdc.gov; somulo@ke.cdc.gov; sgikundi@ke.cdc.gov; pmmbuji@yahoo.com; pbb1@cdc.gov; naz2@cdc.gov; rkalinga@yahoo.com; rbreiman@ke.cdc.gov; knjenga@ke.cdc.gov FU WHO Country office; WHO AFRO; WHO Headquarters FX We thank the Tanzania RVF investigation team, including staff from the Epidemiology and Disease Control Section within MOHSW, members of the Regional Health Management Team from Arusha, Manyara, Tanga, Dodoma, Dar es Salaam, Morogoro, Coast, Iringa, Mwanza, and Singida Regions. We also thank the WHO Country office, WHO AFRO, and WHO Headquarters for both technical and financial support during the outbreak. The CDC (Tanzania, Kenya, and Atlanta) also provided valuable technical and material support to facilitate transportation and testing of specimens. We also appreciate the assistance given from various organizations including AFENET, Red Cross Society-Tanzania, UNICEF, and other UN organizations throughout the country. NR 27 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 83 IS 2 SU S BP 22 EP 27 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0318 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 635YS UT WOS:000280694500004 PM 20682902 ER PT J AU Shieh, WJ Paddock, CD Lederman, E Rao, CY Gould, LH Mohamed, M Mosha, F Mghamba, J Bloland, P Njenga, MK Mutonga, D Samuel, AA Guarner, J Breiman, RF Zaki, SR AF Shieh, Wun-Ju Paddock, Chris D. Lederman, Edith Rao, Carol Y. Gould, L. Hannah Mohamed, Mohamed Mosha, Fausta Mghamba, Janeth Bloland, Peter Njenga, M. Kariuki Mutonga, David Samuel, Amwayi A. Guarner, Jeannette Breiman, Robert F. Zaki, Sherif R. TI Pathologic Studies on Suspect Animal and Human Cases of Rift Valley Fever from an Outbreak in Eastern Africa, 2006-2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; NEWBORN LAMBS; LASSA FEVER; VIRUS; PATHOGENESIS; TISSUES; LESIONS; DIAGNOSIS; ANTIGEN; DISEASE AB Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an important viral zoonotic disease in Africa with periodic outbreaks associated with severe disease, death, and economic hardship. During the 2006-2007 outbreaks in Eastern Africa, postmortem and necropsy tissue samples from 14 animals and 20 humans clinically suspected of RVF were studied with histopathologic evaluation and immunohistochemical (IHC) assays. Six animal and 11 human samples had IHC evidence of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) antigens. We found that extensive hepatocellular necrosis without prominent inflammatory cell infiltrates is the most distinctive histopathologic change in liver tissues infected with RVFV. Pathologic studies on postmortem tissue samples can help establish the diagnosis of RVF, differentiating from endemic diseases with clinical manifestations similar to RVF, such as malaria, leptospirosis, or yellow fever. C1 [Shieh, Wun-Ju; Paddock, Chris D.; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis Vector Borne & Enter, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Mohamed, Mohamed; Mghamba, Janeth] Tanzania Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Epidemiol Sect, Prevent Dept, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Tanzania Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Hosp Serv Dept, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Bloland, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Njenga, M. Kariuki; Breiman, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Global Dis Detect Div, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mutonga, David; Samuel, Amwayi A.] FELTP, Dept Dis Control & Prevent, Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Nairobi, Kenya. [Lederman, Edith] USN, Div Infect Dis, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Rao, Carol Y.] Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Prevent & Response Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gould, L. Hannah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mosha, Fausta] Tanzania Field Epidemiol & Lab Training Programme, African Field Epidemiol Network, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Guarner, Jeannette] Emory Univ, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Sch Med, Emory Univ Hosp, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Shieh, WJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop G-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wshieh@cdc.gov; cdp9@cdc.gov; Edith.Lederman@med.navy.mil; cnr3@cdc.gov; dvj9@cdc.gov; mahd67@yahoo.com; fausta_mosha@yahoo.com; mashaka_2000@yahoo.com; pbb1@cdc.gov; knjenga@ke.cdc.gov; doctordavidm2000@yahoo.com; amwayi2004@yahoo.com; jguarne@emory.edu; rbeiman@ke.cdc.gov; sxz1@cdc.gov RI Guarner, Jeannette/B-8273-2013 NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 83 IS 2 SU S BP 38 EP 42 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0463 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 635YS UT WOS:000280694500006 PM 20682904 ER PT J AU Munyua, P Murithi, RM Wainwright, S Githinji, J Hightower, A Mutonga, D Macharia, J Ithondeka, PM Musaa, J Breiman, RF Bloland, P Njenga, MK AF Munyua, Peninah Murithi, Rees M. Wainwright, Sherrilyn Githinji, Jane Hightower, Allen Mutonga, David Macharia, Joseph Ithondeka, Peter M. Musaa, Joseph Breiman, Robert F. Bloland, Peter Njenga, M. Kariuki TI Rift Valley Fever Outbreak in Livestock in Kenya, 2006-2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SAUDI-ARABIA; VIRUS; ANTIBODY; ASSAY; IGG AB We analyzed the extent of livestock involvement in the latest Rift Valley fever (RVF) outbreak in Kenya that started in December 2006 and continued until June 2007. When compared with previous RVF outbreaks in the country, the 2006-07 outbreak was the most extensive in cattle, sheep, goats, and camels affecting thousands of animals in 29 of 69 administrative districts across six of the eight provinces. This contrasted with the distribution of approximately 700 human RVF cases in the country, where over 85% of these cases were located in four districts; Garissa and Ijara districts in Northeastern Province, Baringo district in Rift Valley Province, and Kilifi district in Coast Province. Analysis of livestock and human data suggests that livestock infections occur before virus detection in humans, as supported by clustering of human RVF cases around livestock cases in Baringo district. The highest livestock morbidity and mortality rates were recorded in Garissa and Baringo districts, the same districts that recorded a high number of human cases. The districts that reported RVF in livestock for the first time in 2006/07 included Kitui, Tharaka, Meru South, Meru central, Mwingi, Embu, and Mbeere in Eastern Province, Malindi and Taita taveta in Coast Province. Kirinyaga and Murang'a in Central Province, and Baringo and Samburu in Rift Valley Province, indicating that the disease was occurring in new regions in the country. C1 [Munyua, Peninah; Murithi, Rees M.; Githinji, Jane; Macharia, Joseph; Ithondeka, Peter M.; Musaa, Joseph] Kenya Minist Livestock Dev, Nairobi, Kenya. [Wainwright, Sherrilyn] USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Hightower, Allen; Breiman, Robert F.; Njenga, M. Kariuki] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Global Dis Detect Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mutonga, David] Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Nairobi, Kenya. [Bloland, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonosis Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Njenga, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Unit 64112, APO, AE 09831 USA. EM munyuap@gmail.com; murithimbabu@yahoo.com; Sherrilyn.H.Wainwright@aphis.usda.gov; janejackim@yahoo.com; awh1@cdc.gov; davidmutonga@yahoo.com; jmmacharia@excite.com; peterithondeka@yahoo.com; jmusaa@yahoo.com; rbreiman@ke.cdc.gov; pbb1@cdc.gov; knjenga@ke.cdc.gov NR 27 TC 52 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 83 IS 2 SU S BP 58 EP 64 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09.0292 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 635YS UT WOS:000280694500009 PM 20682907 ER PT J AU Whitman, TJ Coyne, PE Magill, AJ Blazes, DL Green, MD Milhous, WK Buigess, TH Freilich, D Tasker, SA Azar, RG Endy, TP Clagett, CD Deye, GA Shanks, GD Martin, GJ AF Whitman, Timothy J. Coyne, Philip E. Magill, Alan J. Blazes, David L. Green, Michael D. Milhous, Wilbur K. Buigess, Timothy H. Freilich, Daniel Tasker, Sybil A. Azar, Ramzy G. Endy, Timothy P. Clagett, Christopher D. Deye, Gregory A. Shanks, G. Dennis Martin, Gregory J. TI An Outbreak of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in US Marines Deployed to Liberia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID WHOLE-BLOOD; MEFLOQUINE; INVITRO; AFRICA; PROPHYLAXIS; METABOLITE; TRAVELERS; CONFLICT; MILITARY; SOMALIA AB In 2003, 44 U S Marines were evacuated from Liberia with either confirmed or presumed Plasmodium falciparum malaria An outbreak investigation showed that only 19 (45%) used insect repellent. 5 (12%) used permethrin-treated clothing. and none used bed netting Adherence with weekly mefloquine (MQ) was reported by 23 (55%) However. only 4 (10%) had serum MO levels high enough to correlate with protection (> 794 ng/mL), and 9 (22%) had evidence of steady-state kinetics (MQ carboxy metabolite/MQ > 3 79). Tablets collected from Marines met USP identity and dissolution specifications for MO Testing failed to identify P falciparum isolates with MO resistance This outbreak resulted from under use of personal protective measures and inadequate adherence with chemophrophylaxis It is essential that all international travelers make malaria prevention measures a priority. especially when embarking to regions of the world with high transmission intensity such as west Africa C1 [Whitman, Timothy J.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Div Med, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Chin Res Program, Bethesda, MD USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Tampa, FL USA. Naval Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. SUNY Upstate Med Univ, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Syracuse, NY USA. USN, Environm & Prevent Med Unit 7, Naples, Italy. Australian Army Malaria Inst, Gallipoli Barracks, Australia. RP Whitman, TJ (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Div Med, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. NR 41 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 83 IS 2 BP 258 EP 265 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0774 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 635YQ UT WOS:000280694300008 PM 20682864 ER PT J AU Kent, RJ Deus, S Williams, M Savage, HM AF Kent, Rebekah J. Deus, Stephen Williams, Martin Savage, Harry M. TI Development of a Multiplexed Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) Assay to Identify Common Members of the Subgenera Culex (Culex) and Culex (Phenacomyia) in Guatemala SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; PIPIENS COMPLEX; ANOPHELES-FUNESTUS; SPECIES DIPTERA; UNITED-STATES; CULICIDAE; IDENTIFICATION; MOSQUITOS; REDESCRIPTION; THRIAMBUS AB Morphological differentiation of mosquitoes in the subgenera Culex (Culex) and Culex (Phenacomyia) in Guatemala is difficult, with reliable identification ensured only through examination of larval skins from individually reared specimens and associated male genitalia. We developed a multiplexed polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay to identify common Cx (Cux) and Cx. (Phc). Culex (Cux)chidesteri, Cx. (Cux) coronator. Cx (Cux) interrogator, Cx (Cux) quinquefasciatus,Cx (Cux) nigripalpuslCx (Cux) thriambus, and Cx (Phc) lactator were identified directly with a multiplexed primer cocktail comprising a conserved forward primer and specific reverse primers targeting ribosomal DNA (rDNA) Culex nigripalpus and Cx thriambus were differentiated by restriction digest of homologous amplicons The assay was developed and optimized using well-characterized specimens from Guatemala and the United States and field tested with unknown material from Guatemala This assay will be a valuable tool for mosquito identification in entomological and arbovirus ecology studies in Guatemala C1 [Kent, Rebekah J.; Deus, Stephen; Williams, Martin; Savage, Harry M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Arbovirus Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Kent, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Arbovirus Dis Branch, 3150 Rampart Road, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RI Kading, Rebekah/E-5633-2017 OI Kading, Rebekah/0000-0002-4996-915X FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Universidad de Valle del Guatemala; Robert E Shope International Fellowship FX This research was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Universidad de Valle del Guatemala, and a Robert E Shope International Fellowship in Infectious Diseases award to RJK NR 35 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 83 IS 2 BP 285 EP 291 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.10-0077 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 635YQ UT WOS:000280694300013 PM 20682869 ER PT J AU Rhodes, J Hyder, JA Peruski, LF Fisher, C Jorakate, P Kaewpan, A Dejsirilert, S Thamthitiwat, S Olsen, SJ Dowell, SF Chantra, S Tanwisaid, K Maloney, SA Baggett, HC AF Rhodes, Julia Hyder, Joseph A. Peruski, Leonard F. Fisher, Cindy Jorakate, Possawat Kaewpan, Anek Dejsirilert, Surang Thamthitiwat, Somsak Olsen, Sonja J. Dowell, Scott F. Chantra, Somtak Tanwisaid, Kittisak Maloney, Susan A. Baggett, Henry C. TI Antibiotic Use in Thailand: Quantifying Impact on Blood Culture Yield and Estimates of Pneumococcal Bacteremia Incidence SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; CONJUGATE VACCINATION; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; INFECTIONS; MORTALITY; CHILDREN; KENYA; RISK AB No studies have quantified the impact of pre-culture antibiotic use on the recovery of individual blood-borne pathogens or on population-level Incidence estimates for Streptococcus pneumoniae We conducted bloodstream infection surveillance in Thailand during November 2005-June 2008 Pre-culture antibiotic use was assessed by reported use and by scrum antimicrobial activity Of 35,639 patient blood cultures, 27% had reported pre-culture antibiotic use and 24% (of 24,538 tested) had serum antimicrobial activity Pathogen isolation was half as common in patients with versus without antibiotic use. S pneumoniae isolation was 4- to 9-fold less common (0 09% versus 0 37% by repotted antibiotic use; 0 05% versus 0 45% by scrum antimicrobial activity. P < 0 01) Pre-culture antibiotic use by serum antimicrobial activity reduced pneumococcal bacteremia incidence by 32% overall and 39% in children < 5 years of age Our findings highlight the limitations of culture-based detection methods to estimate invasive pneumococcal disease incidence in settings where pre-culture antibiotic use Is common. C1 US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Hyder, Joseph A.] Mayo Clin, Dept Anesthesiol, Rochester, MN USA. [Fisher, Cindy] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Dejsirilert, Surang] Minist Publ Hlth, Natl Inst Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Olsen, Sonja J.; Dowell, Scott F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Crown Prince Hosp, Sa Kaeo, Thailand. Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Nakhon Phanom Hosp, Nakhon Phanom, Thailand. RP Baggett, HC (reprint author), Minist Publ Hlth, CDC, IECIP, DDC7 Bldg,3rd Floor,Soi 4 Tivanon Rd, Muang 11000, Nonthaburi, Thailand. FU CDC Foundation; GAVI Alliance FX Support for this project was provided by the CDC Foundation and the Pneumococcal vaccines Accelerated Development and Introduction Plan (PneumoADIP), which is funded by GAVI Alliance and is based at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health NR 19 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 83 IS 2 BP 301 EP 306 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0584 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 635YQ UT WOS:000280694300016 PM 20682872 ER PT J AU Eberhard, ML Mathison, B Bishop, H Handoo, NQ Hellstein, JW AF Eberhard, Mark L. Mathison, Blaine Bishop, Henry Handoo, Nidhi Q. Hellstein, John W. TI Case Report: Zoonotic Anatrichosomiasis in an Illinois Resident SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID INFECTION AB We describe a case of zoonotic anatrichosomiasis in a patient from Illinois A 44-year-old immigrant from Mexico originally presented with a history of multiple oral ulcers and two submucosal nodules on the dorsal surface of the tongue. An incisional biopsy was taken to assist with diagnosis Examination of stained sections revealed the presence of a coiled nematode The histologic examination displayed trichuroid features Anatomic structures that aided in the identification included esophagus embedded in a prominent stichosome in the anterior end. paired bacillary bands and small size The location of the worm within the oral mucosal epithelium also facilitated the diagnosis C1 [Eberhard, Mark L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Atlanta VA Med Ctr, Altanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Dent, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Eberhard, ML (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 83 IS 2 BP 342 EP 344 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.10-0144 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 635YQ UT WOS:000280694300023 PM 20682879 ER PT J AU Feikin, DR Tabu, CW Gichuki, J AF Feikin, Daniel R. Tabu, Collins W. Gichuki, John TI Short Report: Does Water Hyacinth on East African Lakes Promote Cholera Outbreaks? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; WESTERN KENYA; VICTORIA; O1; TRANSMISSION; ENVIRONMENT; CRASSIPES; CLIMATE; HEALTH AB Cholera outbreaks continue to occur regularly in Africa Cholera has been associated with proximity to lakes in East Africa, and Vibrio cholerae has been found experimentally to concentrate on the floating aquatic plant. water hyacinth. which is periodically widespread in East African lakes since the late 1980s From 1994 to 2008. Nyanza Province. which is the Kenyan province bordering Lake Victoria, accounted for a larger proportion of cholera cases than expected by its population size (38 7% of cholera cases versus 15 3% of national population) Yearly water-hyacinth coverage on the Kenyan section of Lake Victoria was positively associated with the number of cholera cases reported in Nyanza Province (r = 0 83, P = 0 0010) Water hyacinth on freshwater lakes might play a role in initiating cholera outbreaks and causing sporadic disease in East Africa C1 [Feikin, Daniel R.; Tabu, Collins W.] KEMRI Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kisumu, Kenya. [Gichuki, John] Kenya Marine & Fisheries Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. Kenya Med Res Inst Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Res, Kisumu, Kenya. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent & Kenya Minist Publ Hlt, Field Epidemiol & Lab Training Program, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Feikin, DR (reprint author), KEMRI Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, POB 1578, Kisumu, Kenya. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 83 IS 2 BP 370 EP 373 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0645 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 635YQ UT WOS:000280694300028 PM 20682884 ER PT J AU Jentes, ES Robinson, J Johnson, BW Conde, I Sakouvougui, Y Iverson, J Beecher, S Bah, MA Diakite, F Coulibaly, M Bausch, DG AF Jentes, Emily S. Robinson, Jaimie Johnson, Barbara W. Conde, Ibrahima Sakouvougui, Yosse Iverson, Jennifer Beecher, Shanna Bah, M. Alpha Diakite, Fousseny Coulibaly, Mamadi Bausch, Daniel G. TI Acute Arboviral Infections in Guinea, West Africa, 2006 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID REPUBLIC-OF-GUINEA; CHIKUNGUNYA-VIRUS; SEROLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; FEBRILE PATIENTS; NILE-VIRUS; DENGUE 2; SENEGAL; CAMEROON AB Acute febrile illnesses comprise the majority of the human disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa We hypothesized that arboviruses comprised a considerable proportion of undiagnosed febrile illnesses in Guinea and sought to determine the frequency of arboviral disease in two hospitals there. Using a standard case definition, 47 suspected cases were detected in approximately 4 months Immunoglobulin M antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and plaque-reduction neutralization assays revealed that 63% (30/47) of patients were infected with arboviruses. including 11 West Nile. 2 yellow fever, 1 dengue, 8 chikungunya. and 5 Tahyna infections. Except for yellow fever, these are the first reported cases of human disease from these viruses in Guinea and the first reported cases of symptomatic Tahyna infection in Africa These results strongly suggest that arboviruses circulate and are common causes of disease in Guinea Improving surveillance and laboratory capacity for arbovirus diagnoses will be integral to understanding the burden posed by these agents in the region. C1 [Jentes, Emily S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jentes, Emily S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bausch, Daniel G.] Tulane Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Trop Med, New Orleans, LA USA. [Robinson, Jaimie; Johnson, Barbara W.; Iverson, Jennifer; Beecher, Shanna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Conde, Ibrahima; Sakouvougui, Yosse; Bah, M. Alpha; Diakite, Fousseny; Coulibaly, Mamadi] NZerekore Reg Hosp, Ctr Int Rech Infect Trop, Nzerekore, Guinea. RP Jentes, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. FU Tulane University Department of Tropical Medicine and CDC Cooperative Agreement [T01/CCT622308-02]; Louisiana Vaccine Center; South Louisiana Institute for Infectious Disease Research; Louisiana Board of Regents FX This work was supported. in part. by Tulane University Department of Tropical Medicine and CDC Cooperative Agreement Grant T01/CCT622308-02 and the Louisiana Vaccine Center and the South Louisiana Institute for Infectious Disease Research sponsored by the Louisiana Board of Regents NR 61 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 83 IS 2 BP 388 EP 394 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0688 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 635YQ UT WOS:000280694300032 PM 20682888 ER PT J AU Homaira, N Rahman, M Luby, SP Rahman, M Haider, MS Faruque, LI Khan, D Parveen, S Gurley, ES AF Homaira, Nusrat Rahman, Mahmudur Luby, Stephen P. Rahman, Mostafizur Haider, Mohammad Sabbir Faruque, Labib Imran Khan, Dawlat Parveen, Shahana Gurley, Emily S. TI Multiple Outbreaks of Puffer Fish Intoxication in Bangladesh, 2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID TAKIFUGU-OBLONGUS; CHELONODON-PATOCA; MARINE PUFFER; TETRODOTOXIN; VERMICULARIS AB During April and June 2008, we investigated three outbreaks of marine puffer fish intoxication in three districts of Bangladesh (Narshingdi, Natore, and Dhaka) We also explored trade of marine puffer fish in Cox's Bazaar, a coastal area of the country We identified 95 people who had consumed puffer fish. 63 (66%) developed toxicity characterized by tingling sensation in the body. perioral numbness. dizziness, and weakness, 14 of them died All three outbreaks were caused by consumption of large (0 2-1 5 kg) marine puffer fish, sold in communities where people were unfamiliar with the marine variety of the fish and its toxicity. Coastal fishermen reported that some local businessmen distributed the fresh fish to non-coastal parts of the country. where people were unfamiliar with the larger variety, to make a quick profit Lack of knowledge about marine puffer toxicity contributed to the outbreaks Health communication campaigns will enhance people's knowledge and may pi event future outbreaks. C1 [Homaira, Nusrat] ICDDR B, Programme Infect Dis & Vaccine Sci, Hlth Syst & Infect Dis Div, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. IEDCR, Dhaka, Bangladesh. CDC, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Homaira, N (reprint author), ICDDR B, Programme Infect Dis & Vaccine Sci, Hlth Syst & Infect Dis Div, B 68, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010 OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403 FU United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Government of Bangladesh FX This research study was funded by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Government of Bangladesh through Improved Health for Poor-Health. Nutrition and Population Research Project ICDDR. B acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of the Government of Bangladesh and CDC to the Centre's research efforts The authors would like to thank all the study participants lot their contribution Our gratitude to the Civil Surgeons of Narshingdi, Natore, and Cox's Bazar Districts and the Upazila Health and Family Planning Officers of Belabo and Shingra Upazilas We are also grateful to the Director of Dhaka Medical College Hospital for his cooperation Ms Dorothy Southern and Dr Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartnet deserve special thanks for their contribution in reviewing the manuscript NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 83 IS 2 BP 440 EP 444 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.10-0168 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 635YQ UT WOS:000280694300040 PM 20682896 ER PT J AU Sporty, JLS Lemire, SW Jakubowski, EM Renner, JA Evans, RA Williams, RF Schmidt, JG van der Schans, MJ Noort, D Johnson, RC AF Sporty, Jennifer L. S. Lemire, Sharon W. Jakubowski, Edward M. Renner, Julie A. Evans, Ronald A. Williams, Robert F. Schmidt, Jurgen G. van der Schans, Marcel J. Noort, Daan Johnson, Rudolph C. TI Immunomagnetic Separation and Quantification of Butyrylcholinesterase Nerve Agent Adducts in Human Serum SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; RETROSPECTIVE DETECTION; SARIN; EXPOSURE; METABOLITES; CHOLINESTERASES; DIGESTION; SOMAN; VX AB A novel method for extracting butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) from serum as a means of identifying and measuring nerve agent adducts to human BuChE is presented here. Antibutyrylcholinesterase monoclonal antibodies were conjugated to protein-G ferromagnetic particles and mixed with 500 mu L serum samples. The particle-antibody-BuChE product was rinsed and directly digested with pepsin. Native and isotopically enriched nonapeptides corresponding to the pepsin digest products for uninhibited BuChE, and sarin, cyclohexylsarin, VX, and Russian VX nerve agent-inhibited BuChE were synthesized for use as calibrators and internal standards, respectively. Internal standards were added to the filtered digest sample, and the samples were quantified via high performance liquid chromatography-isotope dilution-tandem mass spectrometry. The ratio of adducted to total BuChE nonapeptides was calculated for each nerve agent-exposed serum sample using data collected in a single chromatogram. Nerve agent-inhibited quality control serum pools were characterized as part of method validation; the method was observed to have extremely low background noise. The measurement of both uninhibited and inhibited BuChE peptides compensated for any variations in the pepsin digestion before the internal standard peptide was added to the sample and may prove useful in individualizing patient results following a nerve agent exposure. C1 [Sporty, Jennifer L. S.; Lemire, Sharon W.; Johnson, Rudolph C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Jakubowski, Edward M.; Renner, Julie A.; Evans, Ronald A.] USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Williams, Robert F.; Schmidt, Jurgen G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div Biosecur & Publ Hlth, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [van der Schans, Marcel J.; Noort, Daan] TNO Def Secur & Safety, Business Unit CBRN Protect, NL-2280 AA Rijswijk, Netherlands. RP Johnson, RC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F44, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM RMJ6@cdc.gov OI Schmidt, Jurgen/0000-0002-8192-9940 NR 23 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 4 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 2010 VL 82 IS 15 BP 6593 EP 6600 DI 10.1021/ac101024z PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 632DS UT WOS:000280401400040 PM 20617824 ER PT J AU Zou, WQ Puoti, G Xiao, XZ Yuan, J Qing, LT Cali, I Shimoji, M Langeveld, JPM Castellani, R Notari, S Crain, B Schmidt, RE Geschwind, M De Armond, SJ Cairns, NJ Dickson, D Honig, L Torres, JM Mastrianni, J Capellari, S Giaccone, G Belay, ED Schonberger, LB Cohen, M Perry, G Kong, QZ Parchi, P Tagliavini, F Gambetti, P AF Zou, Wen-Quan Puoti, Gianfranco Xiao, Xiangzhu Yuan, Jue Qing, Luting Cali, Ignazio Shimoji, Miyuki Langeveld, Jan P. M. Castellani, Rudy Notari, Silvio Crain, Barbara Schmidt, Robert E. Geschwind, Michael De Armond, Stephen J. Cairns, Nigel J. Dickson, Dennis Honig, Lawrence Maria Torres, Juan Mastrianni, James Capellari, Sabina Giaccone, Giorgio Belay, Ermias D. Schonberger, Lawrence B. Cohen, Mark Perry, George Kong, Qingzhong Parchi, Piero Tagliavini, Fabrizio Gambetti, Pierluigi TI Variably Protease-Sensitive Prionopathy: A New Sporadic Disease of the Prion Protein SO ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB-DISEASE; GERSTMANN-STRAUSSLER-SCHEINKER; CODON 129; PRP; CJD; CLASSIFICATION; TRANSMISSION; PHENOTYPE; SUBTYPES; BRAIN AB Objective: The objective of the study is to report 2 new genotypic forms of protease-sensitive prionopathy (PSPr), a novel prion disease described in 2008, in 11 subjects all homozygous for valine at codon 129 of the prion protein (PrP) gene (129VV). The 2 new PSPr forms affect individuals who are either homozygous for methionine (129MM) or heterozygous for methionine/valine (129MV). Methods: Fifteen affected subjects with 129MM, 129MV, and 129VV underwent comparative evaluation at the National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Center for clinical, histopathologic, immunohistochemical, genotypical, and PrP characteristics. Results: Disease duration (between 22 and 45 months) was significantly different in the 129VV and 129MV subjects. Most other phenotypic features along with the PrP electrophoretic profile were similar but distinguishable in the 3 129 genotypes. A major difference laid in the sensitivity to protease digestion of the disease-associated PrP, which was high in 129VV but much lower, or altogether lacking, in 129MV and 129MM. This difference prompted the substitution of the original designation with "variably protease-sensitive prionopathy" (VPSPr). None of the subjects had mutations in the PrP gene coding region. Interpretation: Because all 3 129 genotypes are involved, and are associated with distinguishable phenotypes, VPSPr becomes the second sporadic prion protein disease with this feature after Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, originally reported in 1920. However, the characteristics of the abnormal prion protein suggest that VPSPr is different from typical prion diseases, and perhaps more akin to subtypes of Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease. ANN NEUROL 2010;68:162-172 C1 [Zou, Wen-Quan; Puoti, Gianfranco; Xiao, Xiangzhu; Yuan, Jue; Qing, Luting; Cali, Ignazio; Shimoji, Miyuki; Notari, Silvio; Cohen, Mark; Kong, Qingzhong; Gambetti, Pierluigi] Case Western Reserve Univ, Inst Pathol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Langeveld, Jan P. M.] Cent Vet Inst Wageningen, Lelystad, Netherlands. [Castellani, Rudy] Univ Maryland, Med Ctr, Dept Neuropathol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Crain, Barbara] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Neuropathol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Schmidt, Robert E.] Washington Univ, Dept Neuropathol, St Louis, MO USA. [Geschwind, Michael; De Armond, Stephen J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pathol, San Francisco, CA USA. [Cairns, Nigel J.] Washington Univ, Dept Neurol, St Louis, MO USA. [Cairns, Nigel J.] Washington Univ, Dept Pathol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Cairns, Nigel J.] Washington Univ, Dept Immunol, St Louis, MO USA. [Dickson, Dennis] Mayo Clin, Dept Neuropathol, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Honig, Lawrence] Columbia Univ, New York Presbyterian Hosp, New York, NY USA. [Maria Torres, Juan] Ctr Invest Sanidad Anim, Madrid, Spain. [Mastrianni, James] Univ Chicago, Dept Neurol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Capellari, Sabina; Parchi, Piero] Univ Bologna, Dept Neurol Sci, Bologna, Italy. [Giaccone, Giorgio; Tagliavini, Fabrizio] IRCCS Fdn, Natl Neurol Inst, Inst Nazl Neurol Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy. [Belay, Ermias D.; Schonberger, Lawrence B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Invest Anim Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Perry, George] Univ Texas San Antonio, Coll Sci, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Gambetti, P (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Inst Pathol, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM wenquan.zou@case.edu; pierluigi.gambetti@case.edu RI Castellani, Rudy/A-9555-2009; Perry, George/A-8611-2009; capellari, sabina/F-5545-2012; Giaccone, Giorgio/J-6212-2012; Belay, Ermias/A-8829-2013; xiao, xiangzhu/B-9300-2014; Torres, Juan Maria/L-8768-2013; Parchi, Piero/L-9833-2015; OI Perry, George/0000-0002-6547-0172; xiao, xiangzhu/0000-0002-8013-9074; Torres, Juan Maria/0000-0003-0443-9232; Parchi, Piero/0000-0002-9444-9524; cali, ignazio/0000-0001-5770-3848; Dickson, Dennis W/0000-0001-7189-7917 FU NIH [AG14359, AG08702, R01NS062787]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CCU 515004]; Britton Fund; CJD Foundation; Alliance BioSecure; McGregor Foundation; President's Discretionary Fund; National Institute on Aging [AG05681] FX This study was supported by the NIH (grants NIA AG14359 and AG08702, PG.; NINDS R01NS062787, W-Q.Z.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (grant CCU 515004, P.G.), Britton Fund (PG.), CJD Foundation (W.-Q.Z.), Alliance BioSecure(W.-Q.Z.), University Center on Aging and Health with the support of the McGregor Foundation and President's Discretionary Fund (Case Western Reserve University) (W-Q.Z.), and National Institute on Aging (grant AG05681, J.M.). NR 34 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0364-5134 J9 ANN NEUROL JI Ann. Neurol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 68 IS 2 BP 162 EP 172 DI 10.1002/ana.22094 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 636HD UT WOS:000280721500010 PM 20695009 ER PT J AU Lee, T Kim, SW Chisholm, WP Slaven, J Harper, M AF Lee, Taekhee Kim, Seung Won Chisholm, William P. Slaven, James Harper, Martin TI Performance of High Flow Rate Samplers for Respirable Particle Collection SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE calm air chamber; CIP10-R; FSP10; GK2; 69; high flow rate sampler; respirable fraction; sampling efficiency ID SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; AEROSOL SAMPLERS; LUNG-CANCER; CRYSTALLINE SILICA; DUST SAMPLER; CYCLONE; AIR; CONSTRUCTION; CIP-10; CALM AB The American Conference of Governmental Industrial hygienists (ACGIH) lowered the threshold limit value (TLV) for respirable crystalline silica (RCS) exposure from 0.05 to 0.025 mg m(-3) in 2006. For a working environment with an airborne dust concentration near this lowered TLV, the sample collected with current standard respirable aerosol samplers might not provide enough RCS for quantitative analysis. Adopting high flow rate sampling devices for respirable dust containing silica may provide a sufficient amount of RCS to be above the limit of quantification even for samples collected for less than full shift. The performances of three high flow rate respirable samplers (CIP10-R, GK2.69, and FSP10) have been evaluated in this study. Eleven different sizes of monodisperse aerosols of ammonium fluorescein were generated with a vibrating orifice aerosol generator in a calm air chamber in order to determine the sampling efficiency of each sampler. Aluminum oxide particles generated by a fluidized bed aerosol generator were used to test (i) the uniformity of a modified calm air chamber, (ii) the effect of loading on the sampling efficiency, and (iii) the performance of dust collection compared to lower flow rate cyclones in common use in the USA (10-mm nylon and Higgins-Dewell cyclones). The coefficient of variation for eight simultaneous samples in the modified calm air chamber ranged from 1.9 to 6.1% for triplicate measures of three different aerosols. The 50% cutoff size ((50)d(ae)) of the high flow rate samplers operated at the flow rates recommended by manufacturers were determined as 4.7, 4.1, and 4.8 mu m for CIP10-R, GK2.69, and FSP10, respectively. The mass concentration ratio of the high flow rate samplers to the low flow rate cyclones decreased with decreasing mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) and high flow rate samplers collected more dust than low flow rate samplers by a range of 2-11 times based on gravimetric analysis. Dust loading inside the high flow rate samplers does not appear to affect the particle separation in either FSP10 or GK2.69. The high flow rate samplers overestimated compared to the International Standards Organization/Comite Europeen de Normalisation/ACGIH respirable convention [up to 40% at large MMAD (27.5 mu m)] and could provide overestimated exposure data with the current flow rates. However, both cyclones appeared to be able to provide relatively unbiased assessments of RCS when their flow rates were adjusted. C1 [Lee, Taekhee; Kim, Seung Won; Chisholm, William P.; Harper, Martin] NIOSH, Exposure Assessment Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Slaven, James] NIOSH, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Lee, T (reprint author), NIOSH, Exposure Assessment Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM fwc8@cdc.gov RI Kim, Seung Won/G-1843-2010 OI Kim, Seung Won/0000-0003-2960-5866 FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [0927ZGFR] FX National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health project [Respirable silica measurements with high flow rate samplers (CAN# 0927ZGFR)]. NR 39 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 54 IS 6 BP 697 EP 709 DI 10.1093/annhyg/meq050 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 638OB UT WOS:000280903100010 PM 20660144 ER PT J AU Zahner, D Zhou, XL Chancey, ST Pohl, J Shafer, WM Stephens, DS AF Zaehner, Dorothea Zhou, Xiaoliu Chancey, Scott T. Pohl, Jan Shafer, William M. Stephens, David S. TI Human Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 Induces MefE/Mel-Mediated Macrolide Resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; EFFLUX; GENE; AZITHROMYCIN; PNEUMOCOCCI; INFECTIONS; BACTEREMIA; VIRULENCE; PROTEINS; PYOGENES AB Macrolide resistance is a major concern in the treatment of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Inducible macrolide resistance in this pneumococcus is mediated by the efflux pump MefE/Mel. We show here that the human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 induces the mefE promoter and confers resistance to erythromycin and LL-37. Such induction may impact the efficacy of host defenses and of macrolide-based treatment of pneumococcal disease. C1 [Zaehner, Dorothea; Zhou, Xiaoliu; Chancey, Scott T.; Shafer, William M.; Stephens, David S.] Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr Atlanta, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. [Pohl, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zaehner, Dorothea; Zhou, Xiaoliu; Chancey, Scott T.; Stephens, David S.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Shafer, William M.; Stephens, David S.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Stephens, DS (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res 151,Room 5A188,1670 Clairmont Rd, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. EM dstep01@emory.edu RI Stephens, David/A-8788-2012 FU NIH [AI 070829, AI 062755]; VA Merit Award; VA Medical Research Service FX This work was supported by funding from NIH grants AI 070829 (to D.S.S.) and AI 062755 (to W.M.S.) and a VA Merit Award (to D.S.S.). W. M. S. was supported in part by a Senior Research Career Scientist Award from VA Medical Research Service. NR 37 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 54 IS 8 BP 3516 EP 3519 DI 10.1128/AAC.01756-09 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 626JW UT WOS:000279963300061 PM 20498319 ER PT J AU Niwa, H Lasker, BA AF Niwa, Hidekazu Lasker, Brent A. TI Mutant Selection Window and Characterization of Allelic Diversity for Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Mutants of Rhodococcus equi SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; FLUOROQUINOLONE RESISTANCE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; LEVOFLOXACIN; INFECTIONS; PREVENTION; PATHOGEN; STRAINS; PATIENT AB The mutant prevention concentration (MPC) for ciprofloxacin was determined for two Rhodococcus equi strains. The MPC for both strains was 32 mu g/ml, which is above the peak serum concentration of ciprofloxacin obtainable by oral administration in humans. Nine single nucleotide changes corresponding to eight amino acid substitutions in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of DNA gyrase subunits A and B were characterized. Only mutants with amino acid changes in Ser-83 of GyrA were highly resistant (>= 64 mu g/ml). Our results suggest that ciprofloxacin monotherapy against R. equi infection may result in the emergence of ciprofloxacin-resistant mutants. C1 [Lasker, Brent A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Zoonoses Branch, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Niwa, Hidekazu] Japan Racing Assoc, Div Microbiol, Epizoot Res Ctr, Equine Res Inst, Shimotsuke, Japan. RP Lasker, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Zoonoses Branch, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Bldg 17,Room 2025,Mailstop G-11,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM blasker@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 54 IS 8 BP 3520 EP 3523 DI 10.1128/AAC.01670-09 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 626JW UT WOS:000279963300062 PM 20498313 ER PT J AU Kahler, AM Cromeans, TL Roberts, JM Hill, VR AF Kahler, Amy M. Cromeans, Theresa L. Roberts, Jacquelin M. Hill, Vincent R. TI Effects of Source Water Quality on Chlorine Inactivation of Adenovirus, Coxsackievirus, Echovirus, and Murine Norovirus SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-A VIRUS; DRINKING-WATER; POLIOVIRUS; POTENTIATION; DISINFECTION; MODEL AB More information is needed on the disinfection efficacy of chlorine for viruses in source water. In this study, chlorine disinfection efficacy was investigated for USEPA Contaminant Candidate List viruses coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5), echovirus 1 (E1), murine norovirus (MNV), and human adenovirus 2 (HAdV2) in one untreated groundwater source and two partially treated surface waters. Disinfection experiments using pH 7 and 8 source water were carried out in duplicate, using 0.2 and 1 mg/liter free chlorine at 5 and 15 degrees C. The efficiency factor Hom (EFH) model was used to calculate disinfectant concentration X contact time (CT) values (mg . min/liter) required to achieve 2-, 3-, and 4-log(10) reductions in viral titers. In all water types, chlorine disinfection was most effective for MNV, with 3-log(10) CT values at 5 degrees C ranging from <= 0.020 to 0.034. Chlorine disinfection was least effective for CVB5 in all water types, with 3-log(10) CT values at 5 degrees C ranging from 2.3 to 7.9. Overall, disinfection proceeded faster at 15 degrees C and pH 7 for all water types. Inactivation of the study viruses was significantly different between water types, but no single source water had consistently different inactivation rates than another. CT values for CVB5 in one type of source water exceeded the recommended CT values set forth by USEPA's Guidance Manual for Compliance with the Filtration and Disinfection Requirements for Public Water Systems using Surface Water Sources. The results of this study demonstrate that water quality plays a substantial role in the inactivation of viruses and should be considered when developing chlorination plans. C1 [Kahler, Amy M.; Cromeans, Theresa L.; Roberts, Jacquelin M.; Hill, Vincent R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kahler, Amy M.; Cromeans, Theresa L.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. RP Kahler, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-36, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM akahler@cdc.gov RI Hill, Vincent/G-1789-2012 OI Hill, Vincent/0000-0001-7069-7737 FU Water Research Foundation [3134]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Atlanta Research and Education Foundation FX Funding for this project was provided by the Water Research Foundation (project no. 3134, Contaminant Candidate List Viruses: Evaluation of Disinfection Efficacy), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 76 IS 15 BP 5159 EP 5164 DI 10.1128/AEM.00869-10 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 630II UT WOS:000280266200027 PM 20562285 ER PT J AU Qvarnstrom, Y da Silva, ACA Teem, JL Hollingsworth, R Bishop, H Graeff-Teixeira, C da Silva, AJ AF Qvarnstrom, Yvonne Aramburu da Silva, Ana Cristina Teem, John L. Hollingsworth, Robert Bishop, Henry Graeff-Teixeira, Carlos da Silva, Alexandre J. TI Improved Molecular Detection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Mollusks and Other Environmental Samples with a Species-Specific Internal Transcribed Spacer 1-Based TaqMan Assay SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EOSINOPHILIC MENINGITIS; PARASTRONGYLUS-CANTONENSIS; HAWAII; ISLAND; RATS AB Angiostrongylus cantonensis is the most common cause of human eosinophilic meningitis. Humans become infected by ingesting food items contaminated with third-stage larvae that develop in mollusks. We report the development of a real-time PCR assay for the species-specific identification of A. cantonensis in mollusk tissue. C1 [Qvarnstrom, Yvonne; Bishop, Henry; da Silva, Alexandre J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Publ Hlth Serv,US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Aramburu da Silva, Ana Cristina; Graeff-Teixeira, Carlos] Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul, Mol Parasitol Lab, Inst Biomed Res, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Teem, John L.] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Aquaculture Div, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Hollingsworth, Robert] US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Hilo, HI USA. RP da Silva, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Publ Hlth Serv,US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop D-64, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM abs8@cdc.gov RI Graeff-Teixeira, Carlos/A-5820-2012; Silva, Ana/H-4898-2015 OI Graeff-Teixeira, Carlos/0000-0003-2725-0061; FU National Food Safety Initiative FX This study was fully supported with funds from the National Food Safety Initiative. NR 23 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 76 IS 15 BP 5287 EP 5289 DI 10.1128/AEM.00546-10 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 630II UT WOS:000280266200044 PM 20543049 ER PT J AU Tai, E Pollack, LA Townsend, J Li, J Steele, CB Richardson, LC AF Tai, Eric Pollack, Lori A. Townsend, Julie Li, Jun Steele, C. Brooke Richardson, Lisa C. TI Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Survival Among Adolescents SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID YOUNG-ADULTS; CANCER C1 [Tai, Eric; Pollack, Lori A.; Townsend, Julie; Li, Jun; Steele, C. Brooke; Richardson, Lisa C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Tai, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cvn5@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 164 IS 8 BP 779 EP 780 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 634LE UT WOS:000280581800018 PM 20679173 ER PT J AU Murphy, LB Helmick, CG Cisternas, MG Yelin, EH AF Murphy, Louise B. Helmick, Charles G. Cisternas, Miriam G. Yelin, Edward H. TI Estimating medical costs attributable to osteoarthritis in the US population: comment on the article by Kotlarz et al SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Letter ID RHEUMATIC CONDITIONS; UNITED-STATES; ARTHRITIS; PREVALENCE C1 [Murphy, Louise B.; Helmick, Charles G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cisternas, Miriam G.] MGC Data Serv, Carlsbad, CA USA. [Yelin, Edward H.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Murphy, LB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM-US JI Arthritis Rheum. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 62 IS 8 BP 2566 EP + DI 10.1002/art.27514 PG 2 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 661WA UT WOS:000282762100053 PM 20506219 ER PT J AU Mei, JV Zobel, SD Hall, EM De Jesus, VR Adam, BW Hannon, WH AF Mei, Joanne V. Zobel, Sherri D. Hall, Elizabeth M. De Jesus, Victor R. Adam, Barbara W. Hannon, W. Harry TI Performance properties of filter paper devices for whole blood collection SO BIOANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HIV-INFECTION; SPOT SAMPLES; PHENYLALANINE AB Background: The Newborn Screening Quality Assurance Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention assesses the adherence to established performance standards of manufactured lots of whole blood filter paper collection devices that are registered by the US FDA. We examined 26 newborn screening analytes measured from blood applied to filter papers from two FDA-cleared sources, Whatman (R) Grade 903 and Ahlstrom Grade 226. The dried blood spots contained analytes at both single levels and dose response series. Results: We observed overlap at one standard deviation for each analyte, with no more than 4-5% difference between the papers. Conclusion: The data demonstrated similarities of analyte recovery between the papers, indicating comparability of the devices for newborn screening and other applications. C1 [Mei, Joanne V.; Zobel, Sherri D.; Hall, Elizabeth M.; De Jesus, Victor R.; Adam, Barbara W.; Hannon, W. Harry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. RP Mei, JV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM jmei@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU FUTURE SCI LTD PI LONDON PA UNITED HOUSE, 2 ALBERT PL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1757-6180 J9 BIOANALYSIS JI Bioanalysis PD AUG PY 2010 VL 2 IS 8 SI SI BP 1397 EP 1403 DI 10.4155/BIO.10.73 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 648PC UT WOS:000281705400014 PM 21083340 ER PT J AU Kislyuk, AO Katz, LS Agrawal, S Hagen, MS Conley, AB Jayaraman, P Nelakuditi, V Humphrey, JC Sammons, SA Govil, D Mair, RD Tatti, KM Tondella, ML Harcourt, BH Mayer, LW Jordan, IK AF Kislyuk, Andrey O. Katz, Lee S. Agrawal, Sonia Hagen, Matthew S. Conley, Andrew B. Jayaraman, Pushkala Nelakuditi, Viswateja Humphrey, Jay C. Sammons, Scott A. Govil, Dhwani Mair, Raydel D. Tatti, Kathleen M. Tondella, Maria L. Harcourt, Brian H. Mayer, Leonard W. Jordan, I. King TI A computational genomics pipeline for prokaryotic sequencing projects SO BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; PAN-GENOME; EVOLUTION; VIRULENCE; RESOURCE; GENES; IDENTIFICATION; RECOMBINATION; BORDETELLA; PREDICTION AB Motivation: New sequencing technologies have accelerated research on prokaryotic genomes and have made genome sequencing operations outside major genome sequencing centers routine. However, no off-the-shelf solution exists for the combined assembly, gene prediction, genome annotation and data presentation necessary to interpret sequencing data. The resulting requirement to invest significant resources into custom informatics support for genome sequencing projects remains a major impediment to the accessibility of high-throughput sequence data. Results: We present a self-contained, automated high-throughput open source genome sequencing and computational genomics pipeline suitable for prokaryotic sequencing projects. The pipeline has been used at the Georgia Institute of Technology and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for the analysis of Neisseria meningitidis and Bordetella bronchiseptica genomes. The pipeline is capable of enhanced or manually assisted reference-based assembly using multiple assemblers and modes; gene predictor combining; and functional annotation of genes and gene products. Because every component of the pipeline is executed on a local machine with no need to access resources over the Internet, the pipeline is suitable for projects of a sensitive nature. Annotation of virulence-related features makes the pipeline particularly useful for projects working with pathogenic prokaryotes. C1 [Kislyuk, Andrey O.; Katz, Lee S.; Agrawal, Sonia; Hagen, Matthew S.; Conley, Andrew B.; Jayaraman, Pushkala; Nelakuditi, Viswateja; Humphrey, Jay C.; Jordan, I. King] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Sammons, Scott A.; Govil, Dhwani] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Core Biotechnol Facil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mair, Raydel D.; Tatti, Kathleen M.; Tondella, Maria L.; Harcourt, Brian H.; Mayer, Leonard W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jordan, IK (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM king.jordan@biology.gatech.edu RI Tatti, Kathleen/H-5912-2012 OI Tatti, Kathleen/0000-0001-9414-7887 FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency [HR001105-1-0057]; The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation [BR-4839]; Georgia Research Alliance [GRA.VAC09.O]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1 R36 GD 000075-1]; Georgia Institute of Technology FX Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (HR001105-1-0057 to A.O.K.); The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (BR-4839 to I.K.J.); Georgia Research Alliance (GRA.VAC09.O to I.K.J., P.J., S.A.); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1 R36 GD 000075-1 to L.S.K.); Bioinformatics program, Georgia Institute of Technology ( to J.H., P.J., V.N., S.A.). NR 44 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1367-4803 J9 BIOINFORMATICS JI Bioinformatics PD AUG 1 PY 2010 VL 26 IS 15 BP 1819 EP 1826 DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btq284 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 630HH UT WOS:000280263400002 PM 20519285 ER PT J AU Li, CY Ekwueme, DU AF Li, Chunyu Ekwueme, Donatus U. TI Years of potential life lost caused by prostate cancer deaths in the United States-Projection from 2004 through 2050 SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Prostate cancer; Mortality; Race/ethnicity; Years of potential life lost ID MORTALITY; BURDEN; DISEASE AB Background The purpose of this study is to estimate and project the number of years of potential life lost (YPLL) among males who die of prostate cancer in the United States from 2004 through 2050 and compare the projections by race/ethnicity and age, accounting for demographic changes and population growth Methods We applied the life expectancy method to estimate YPLL caused by deaths of prostate cancer and all cancers in men by using 1999-2004 national mortality data, 2008 census population demographic projections, and 2004 U S life tables We performed sensitivity analyses by varying death rate and population projections, and examined increase in YPLL from population growth, changes in demographics, and death rates Results The number of YPLL caused by prostate cancer deaths was projected to Increase by 226 1%, from 291,853 in 2004 to 951,753 in 2050 Hispanics were projected to have the fastest growth in YPLL (977 1% from 2004 to 2050) caused by prostate cancer, followed by non-Hispanic blacks (543.1%), and non-Hispanic others (269 7%) People aged 75 or older was projected to account for 62 0% of YPLL from prostate cancer in 2050 compared with 50 8% in 2004 Of the projected Increase in YPLL caused by prostate cancer deaths by 2050, 9 8% were due to changes in demographic composition, 26 8% because of mortality change, and 63 4% because of population growth Conclusions YPLL due to prostate cancer deaths are projected to increase dramatically, and become a greater burden in the future The projections highlight the importance of comprehensive cancer control and research on cancers including prostate cancer and racial/ethnic-specific estimates Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society of Preventive Oncology C1 [Li, Chunyu; Ekwueme, Donatus U.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Li, CY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1877-7821 J9 CANCER EPIDEMIOL JI Cancer Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 34 IS 4 BP 368 EP 372 DI 10.1016/j.canep.2010.04.015 PG 5 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 642ME UT WOS:000281217500002 PM 20510666 ER PT J AU Ifere, GO Equan, A Gordon, K Nagappan, P Igietseme, JU Ananaba, GA AF Ifere, Godwin O. Equan, Anita Gordon, Kereen Nagappan, Peri Igietseme, Joseph U. Ananaba, Godwin A. TI Cholesterol and phytosterols differentially regulate the expression of caveolin 1 and a downstream prostate cell growth-suppressor gene SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Prostate cancer; Caveolin-1; Sterols; Cholesterol; Phytosterols; NDRG1; Apoptosis; Growth-suppressor; Biomarkers; Chemoprevention ID BREAST-CANCER CELLS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; BETA-SITOSTEROL; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; IN-VITRO; APOPTOSIS; MEMBRANE; PROTEIN; NDRG1; MECHANISM AB Background The purpose of our study was to show the distinction between the apoptotic and anti-proliferative signaling of phytosterols and cholesterol-enrichment in prostate cancer cell lines, mediated by the differential transcription of caveolin-1, and N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1). a proapoptotic androgen-regulated tumor suppressor Methods. PC-3 and DO 145 cells were treated with sterols (cholesterol and phytosterols) for 72 h. followed by trypan blue dye-exclusion measurement of necrosis and cell growth measured with a Coulter counter Sterol induction of cell growth-suppressor gene expression was evaluated by mRNA transcription using RT-PCR, while cell cycle analysis was performed by FACS analysis Altered expression of Ndrg1 protein was confirmed by Western blot analysis Apoptosis was evaluated by real time RT-PCR amplification of P53, Bcl-2 gene and its related pro- and anti-apoptotic family members Results Physiological doses (16 mu M) of cholesterol and phytosterols were not cytotoxic in these cells. Cholesterol-enrichment promoted cell growth (P < 005). while phytosterols significantly induced growth-suppression (P < 0 05) and apoptosis. Cell cycle analysis showed that contrary to cholesterol. phytosterols decreased mitotic subpopulations. We demonstrated for the first time that cholesterols concertedly attenuated the expression of caveolin-1 (cav-1) and NDRG1 genes in both prostate cancer cell lines. Phytosterols had the opposite effect by inducing overexpression of cav-1, a known mediator of androgen-dependent signals that presumably control cell growth or apoptosis Conclusions Cholesterol and phytosterol treatment differentially regulated the growth of prostate cancer cells and the expression of p53 and cav-1, a gene that regulates androgen-regulated signals These sterols also differentially regulated cell cycle arrest, downstream proapoptotic androgen-regulated tumor suppressor, NDRG1 suggesting that cav-1 may mediate pro-apoprotic NDRG I signals Elucidation of the mechanism for sterol modulation of growth and apoptosis signaling may reveal potential targets for cancer prevention and/or chemotherapeutic intervention Sterol regulation of NDRG I transcription suggests its potential as biomarker for prediction of neoplasms that would be responsive to chemoprevention by phytosterols Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society of Preventive Oncology C1 [Ifere, Godwin O.; Equan, Anita; Gordon, Kereen; Nagappan, Peri; Ananaba, Godwin A.] Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. [Nagappan, Peri; Ananaba, Godwin A.] Clark Atlanta Univ, Ctr Canc Res & Therapeut Dev, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. [Igietseme, Joseph U.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Pathogenesis Lab, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ifere, GO (reprint author), Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 223 James P Brawley Dr SW, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. FU NIH [GM08247, A141231, G12RR003062]; NSF [0630456] FX This research was supported by NIH Grants # GM08247, A141231, G12RR003062, and NSF Grants CREST/CFNM HRD-# 0630456 NR 61 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1877-7821 J9 CANCER EPIDEMIOL JI Cancer Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 34 IS 4 BP 461 EP 471 DI 10.1016/j.canep.2010.04.009 PG 11 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 642ME UT WOS:000281217500017 PM 20466611 ER PT J AU Sorensen, CM Ding, J Zhang, QB Alquier, T Zhao, R Mueller, PW Smith, RD Metz, TO AF Sorensen, Christina M. Ding, Jie Zhang, Qibin Alquier, Thierry Zhao, Rui Mueller, Patricia W. Smith, Richard D. Metz, Thomas O. TI Perturbations in the lipid profile of individuals with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus: Lipidomics analysis of a Diabetes Antibody Standardization Program sample subset SO CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Lipidomics; AMT tag approach; Capillary liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Type 1 diabetes; Diabetes Antibody Standardization Program ID TIME TAG APPROACH; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MOBILIZING FACTOR; ACCURATE MASS; OXIDIZED PHOSPHOLIPIDS; PLASMA-LIPOPROTEINS; PROTEOMICS; PREDICTION; PARTICLES; CHILDREN AB Objectives: To characterize the lipid profile of individuals with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus using LC-MS-based lipidomics and the accurate mass and time (AMT) tag approach. Design and methods: Lipids were extracted from plasma and sera of 10 subjects from the Diabetes Antibody Standardization Program (years 2000-2005) and 10 non-diabetic subjects and analyzed by capillary liquid chromatography coupled with a hybrid ion-trap-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer. Lipids were identified and quantified using the AMT tag approach. Results: Five hundred fifty-nine lipid features differentiated (q <0.05) diabetic from healthy individuals in a partial least-squares analysis, characterizing individuals with recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: A lipid profile associated with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes may aid in further characterization of biochemical pathways involved in lipid regulation or mobilization. (C) 2010 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Sorensen, Christina M.; Ding, Jie; Zhang, Qibin; Zhao, Rui; Smith, Richard D.; Metz, Thomas O.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Alquier, Thierry] Univ Montreal, Montreal Diabet Res Ctr, CRCHUM, Montreal, PQ H1W 4A4, Canada. [Alquier, Thierry] Univ Montreal, Dept Med, Montreal, PQ H1W 4A4, Canada. [Mueller, Patricia W.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Diabet & Mol Risk Assessment Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Metz, TO (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM thomas.metz@pnl.gov RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Alquier, Thierry/0000-0001-8171-802X; Metz, Tom/0000-0001-6049-3968 FU NIH [DK070146]; Canadian Diabetes Association; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC0676RLO-1830] FX The authors would like to thank the DASP Standardization Committee and the members of the diabetes research community who have contributed DASP samples, as well as Drs. Alicia J. Jenkins and Katrina M. Waters of the University of Melbourne and Pacific Northwest National laboratory (PNNL), respectively, for helpful discussions. This work was supported by NIH grant DK070146 to R. D.S.; T.A. is supported by a post-doctoral fellowship from the Canadian Diabetes Association. Work was performed in the EMSL, the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility located at PNNL and sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental Research. PNNL is operated by Battelle for the DOE under Contract No. DE-AC0676RLO-1830. NR 33 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-9120 J9 CLIN BIOCHEM JI Clin. Biochem. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 43 IS 12 BP 948 EP 956 DI 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2010.04.075 PG 9 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 627GG UT WOS:000280026900003 PM 20519132 ER PT J AU Jain, RB AF Jain, Ram B. TI A recursive version of Grubbs' test for detecting multiple outliers in environmental and chemical data SO CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Outliers; Extreme Studentized Deviate Statistic; Simulation; Grubbs ID VALUES AB Objective: To compare the performance of Grubbs outlier detection procedure with recursive Extreme Studentized Deviate (ESD) outlier detection procedure. Design and methods: Using simulated data, the powers of Grubbs' and ESD procedures were evaluated. Results: Except when the sample contained exactly one outlier, the power of ESD procedure was higher than that of Grubbs' procedure. Conclusion: The ESD recursive procedure is the procedure of choice to detect multiple Outliers in environmental and chemical data. (C) 2010 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. RP Jain, RB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM rij0@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-9120 J9 CLIN BIOCHEM JI Clin. Biochem. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 43 IS 12 BP 1030 EP 1033 DI 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2010.04.071 PG 4 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 627GG UT WOS:000280026900017 PM 20471967 ER PT J AU Fischer, GE Schaefer, MK Labus, BJ Sands, L Rowley, P Azzam, IA Armour, P Khudyakov, YE Lin, YL Xia, GL Patel, PR Perz, JF Holmberg, SD AF Fischer, Gayle E. Schaefer, Melissa K. Labus, Brian J. Sands, Lawrence Rowley, Patricia Azzam, Ihsan A. Armour, Patricia Khudyakov, Yury E. Lin, Yulin Xia, Guoliang Patel, Priti R. Perz, Joseph F. Holmberg, Scott D. TI Hepatitis C Virus Infections from Unsafe Injection Practices at an Endoscopy Clinic in Las Vegas, Nevada, 2007-2008 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE; UNITED-STATES; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; OUTBREAK; HCV AB Background. In January 2008, 3 persons with acute hepatitis C who all underwent endoscopy at a single facility in Nevada were identified. Method. We reviewed clinical and laboratory data from initially detected cases of acute hepatitis C and reviewed infection control practices at the clinic where case patients underwent endoscopy. Persons who underwent procedures on days when the case patients underwent endoscopy were tested for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and other bloodborne pathogens. Quasispecies analysis determined the relatedness of HCV in persons infected. Results. In addition to the 3 initial cases, 5 additional cases of clinic-acquired HCV infection were identified from 2 procedure dates included in this initial field investigation. Quasispecies analysis revealed 2 distinct clusters of clinic-acquired HCV infections and a source patient related to each cluster, suggesting separate transmission events. Of 49 HCV-susceptible persons whose procedures followed that of the source patient on 25 July 2007, 1 (2%) was HCV infected. Among 38 HCV-susceptible persons whose procedures followed that of another source patient on 21 September 2007, 7 (18%) were HCV infected. Reuse of syringes on single patients in conjunction with use of single-use propofol vials for multiple patients was observed during normal clinic operations. Conclusions. Patient-to-patient transmission of HCV likely resulted from contamination of single-use medication vials that were used for multiple patients during anesthesia administration. The resulting public health notification of similar to 50,000 persons was the largest of its kind in United States health care. This investigation highlighted breaches in aseptic technique, deficiencies in oversight of outpatient settings, and difficulties in detecting and investigating such outbreaks. C1 [Fischer, Gayle E.; Khudyakov, Yury E.; Lin, Yulin; Xia, Guoliang; Holmberg, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schaefer, Melissa K.; Patel, Priti R.; Perz, Joseph F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Armour, Patricia] So Nevada Publ Hlth Lab, Las Vegas, NV USA. [Azzam, Ihsan A.] Nevada State Hlth Div, Carson, CA USA. [Labus, Brian J.; Sands, Lawrence; Rowley, Patricia] So Nevada Hlth Dist, Las Vegas, NV USA. RP Fischer, GE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Mailstop A34,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fez7@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2010 VL 51 IS 3 BP 267 EP 273 DI 10.1086/653937 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 629JS UT WOS:000280193800003 PM 20575663 ER PT J AU Wei, SC Tatti, K Cushing, K Rosen, J Brown, K Cassiday, P Clark, T Olans, R Pawloski, L Martin, M Tondella, ML Martin, SW AF Wei, Stanley C. Tatti, Kathleen Cushing, Kimberly Rosen, Jennifer Brown, Kristin Cassiday, Pamela Clark, Thomas Olans, Richard Pawloski, Lucia Martin, Monte Tondella, Maria Lucia Martin, Stacey W. TI Effectiveness of Adolescent and Adult Tetanus, Reduced-Dose Diphtheria, and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine against Pertussis SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; UNITED-STATES; FILAMENTOUS HEMAGGLUTININ; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; PREVENTING TETANUS; SERUM ANTIBODIES; BORDETELLA; RECOMMENDATIONS; DIAGNOSIS AB Background. Pertussis is among the most poorly controlled bacterial vaccine-preventable diseases in the United States. In 2006, a tetanus, reduced-dose diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) booster was recommended for adolescents and adults. Tdap vaccines were licensed on the basis of antibody response without vaccine effectiveness data. Methods. From 30 September 2007 through 19 December 2007, a pertussis outbreak occurred at a nursery through twelfth grade school on St. Croix, US Virgin Islands. We screened all students for cough and collected clinical history, including Tdap receipt. Coughing students were offered diagnostic testing. We defined clinical case patients as students with cough >= 14 days in duration plus either whoop, paroxysms, or post-tussive vomiting, and we defined confirmed case patients as students with any cough with isolation of Bordetella pertussis or those with clinical cases and polymerase chain reaction or serological evidence of pertussis; other clinical cases were classified as probable. Results. There were 51 confirmed or probable cases among 499 students (attack rate, 10%). Disease clustered in grades 6-12, with a peak attack rate of 38% among 10th graders. Of 266 students aged >= 11 years with complete data, 31 (12%) had received Tdap. Forty-one unvaccinated students (18%) had confirmed or probable pertussis, compared with 2 (6%) of the vaccinated students (relative risk, 2.9); vaccine effectiveness was 65.6% (95% confidence interval, -35.8% to 91.3%; P = .092). Conclusions. This first evaluation of Tdap vaccine effectiveness in the outbreak setting suggests that Tdap provides protection against pertussis. Increased coverage is needed to realize the full benefit of the vaccine program. Serological testing was an important tool for case identification and should be considered for inclusion in the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists case definition. C1 [Wei, Stanley C.; Tatti, Kathleen; Cushing, Kimberly; Rosen, Jennifer; Brown, Kristin; Cassiday, Pamela; Clark, Thomas; Pawloski, Lucia; Martin, Monte; Tondella, Maria Lucia; Martin, Stacey W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Olans, Richard] US Virgin Islands Dept Hlth, Christiansted, VI USA. RP Martin, SW (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C 25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mto@cdc.gov RI Tatti, Kathleen/H-5912-2012 OI Tatti, Kathleen/0000-0001-9414-7887 NR 22 TC 50 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 9 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2010 VL 51 IS 3 BP 315 EP 321 DI 10.1086/653938 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 629JS UT WOS:000280193800010 PM 20578875 ER PT J AU Teshale, EH Hu, DJ Holmberg, SD AF Teshale, Eyasu H. Hu, Dale J. Holmberg, Scott D. TI The Two Faces of Hepatitis E Virus SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NON-B HEPATITIS; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; UNITED-STATES; NON-A; TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; LARGE OUTBREAK; ENDEMIC AREA; BLOOD-DONORS; E ANTIBODIES; INFECTION AB Hepatitis E virus (HEV) has at least 2 distinct epidemiological profiles: (1) large outbreaks and epidemics in developing countries, usually caused by HEV genotype 1, resulting in high morbidity and mortality among pregnant women and young children, and (2) very few symptomatic cases of HEV genotype 3, most cases without symptoms or clear source(s) of infection, but frequent seroreactivity in 5%-21% of asymptomatic persons in developed countries. We urge more epidemiological studies and public health interventions, including the promotion and development of existing and future vaccine candidates and the availability of US Food and Drug Administration-approved serological assays for this underappreciated and poorly understood virus, a major cause of disease throughout the world. C1 [Teshale, Eyasu H.; Hu, Dale J.; Holmberg, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Teshale, EH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Mailstop G 37,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eht4@cdc.gov NR 76 TC 86 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2010 VL 51 IS 3 BP 328 EP 334 DI 10.1086/653943 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 629JS UT WOS:000280193800013 PM 20572761 ER PT J AU Kallen, AJ Patel, PR O'Grady, NP AF Kallen, Alexander J. Patel, Priti R. O'Grady, Naomi P. TI Preventing Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections outside the Intensive Care Unit: Expanding Prevention to New Settings SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETERS; CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; SAFETY NETWORK NHSN; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ACCESS DEVICES; POVIDONE-IODINE; US HOSPITALS; RISK-FACTORS; SURVEILLANCE; HEMODIALYSIS AB With the growing recognition of the preventability of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs), reducing the number of CRBSIs acquired in health care facilities has become an important patient safety goal. To date, most prevention efforts have been conducted in intensive care units (ICUs); however, many central venous catheters (CVCs) are found outside the ICU, and rates of catheter-associated bloodstream infections in these settings appear to be similar to rates of these infections in ICUs. CVCs are also used in patients who primarily receive their care as outpatients, including those requiring hemodialysis, undergoing treatment for malignancies, and receiving parenteral nutrition. In some of these patients, CVCs might be used for extended periods, prolonging the patient's time at risk for CRBSIs and highlighting the potential need to look beyond insertion-based interventions to prevent infections. To meet the goal of reducing the number of all CRBSIs associated with health care, further attention on CRBSIs occurring outside the ICU is needed; however, this effort will require a better understanding of the epidemiology and prevention of these infections. C1 [Kallen, Alexander J.; Patel, Priti R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [O'Grady, Naomi P.] NIH, Dept Crit Care Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Kallen, AJ (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM AKallen@cdc.gov NR 53 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 2 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2010 VL 51 IS 3 BP 335 EP 341 DI 10.1086/653942 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 629JS UT WOS:000280193800014 PM 20572762 ER PT J AU Holzbauer, SM Kemperman, MM Lynfield, R AF Holzbauer, Stacy M. Kemperman, Melissa M. Lynfield, Ruth TI Death Due to Community-Associated Clostridium difficile in a Woman Receiving Prolonged Antibiotic Therapy for Suspected Lyme Disease SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID TRIAL C1 [Holzbauer, Stacy M.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Career Epidemiol Field Officer Program, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. RP Holzbauer, SM (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Hlth, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Career Epidemiol Field Officer Program, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, 625 Robert St N, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. EM stacy.holzbauer@state.mn.us NR 7 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2010 VL 51 IS 3 BP 369 EP 370 DI 10.1086/654808 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 629JS UT WOS:000280193800023 PM 20597684 ER PT J AU Drobeniuc, J Meng, JH Reuter, G Greene-Montfort, T Khudyakova, N Dimitrova, Z Kamili, S Teo, CG AF Drobeniuc, Jan Meng, Jihong Reuter, Gabor Greene-Montfort, Tracy Khudyakova, Natasha Dimitrova, Zoya Kamili, Saleem Teo, Chong-Gee TI Serologic Assays Specific to Immunoglobulin M Antibodies against Hepatitis E Virus: Pangenotypic Evaluation of Performances SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Six immunoassays for detecting immunoglobulin M antibodies to hepatitis E virus were evaluated. Serum samples representing acute infection by each of the 4 viral genotypes as well as nonacute hepatitis E virus infection constituted the test panels. Diagnostic sensitivities and specificities as well as interassay agreement varied widely. Analytical sensitivity limits also were determined and were found to be particularly disparate. C1 [Drobeniuc, Jan; Meng, Jihong; Greene-Montfort, Tracy; Khudyakova, Natasha; Dimitrova, Zoya; Kamili, Saleem; Teo, Chong-Gee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Meng, Jihong] Southeast Univ, Sch Med, Res Ctr Clin Med, Nanjing, Peoples R China. [Reuter, Gabor] ANTSZ Reg Inst State Publ Hlth Serv, Reg Lab Virol, Pecs, Hungary. RP Drobeniuc, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jqd6@cdc.gov RI Reuter, Gabor/I-7412-2013 OI Reuter, Gabor/0000-0002-5857-4934 FU CDC FX CDC. NR 13 TC 89 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2010 VL 51 IS 3 BP E24 EP E27 DI 10.1086/654801 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 629JS UT WOS:000280193800025 PM 20578874 ER PT J AU Jain, N Stokley, S Cohn, A AF Jain, Nidhi Stokley, Shannon Cohn, Amanda TI Receipt of Tetanus-Containing Vaccinations Among Adolescents Aged 13 to 17 Years in the United States: National Immunization Survey-Teen 2007 SO CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE immunization; adolescent; NIS; tetanus; pertussis ID MEDICAL HOME; YOUNG-ADULTS; COVERAGE; VACCINES; DIPHTHERIA; PERTUSSIS; CHILDREN; DELIVERY; SAFETY AB Background: Tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) was licensed in the United States in 2005 to be given in place of tetanus-diphtheria (Td) for single use in adolescents. Objectives: This analysis was conducted to determine vaccination coverage with Td and Tdap among adolescents in the United States aged 13 to 17 years and to characterize adolescents who had not received a tetanus-containing booster vaccine. Methods: Data were analyzed from the National Immunization Survey-Teen (NIS-Teen) 2007, a random-digit-dialing telephone survey that is weighted to be nationally representative of adolescents aged 13 to 17 years. Parents gave verbal consent so that vaccination providers could be contacted to obtain the adolescents' immunization histories. Weighted coverage of Td and Tdap vaccines was estimated with bivariate analysis from returned vaccination data from the providers' records. A multivariable analysis was conducted to determine factors independently associated with nonreceipt of tetanus-containing vaccines. Missed opportunities for vaccination with Td or Tdap were determined from documented vaccination visits for other vaccines. Results: Out of 69,289 households screened, 6572 had an eligible adolescent aged 13 to 17 years and 5486 (83.5%) completed the household interview. Among 5474 adolescents who met the age criterion and completed a household interview, consent to contact providers was obtained for 4114 (75.2%). A total of 2947 adolescents (53.7% of those with completed household interviews) had immunization histories returned from providers for verification. In 2007, a total of 2149 adolescents (weighted percentage, 72.3%) aged 13 to 17 years had received at least one tetanus booster since age 10 years; Tdap coverage was 30.4%. The mean (SE) age at Td or Tdap receipt was 13.04 (0.04) years (range, 10.00-17.84 years); the median age was 12.86 years. More than half (59.4%) of sampled adolescents had received their booster dose on or after January 1, 2005; among those vaccinated in 2007, 89.1% received Tdap as their booster dose. Factors associated with nonreceipt of Td or Tdap included geographic location and not having a provider-reported well-child visit at ages 11 to 12 years. Conclusions: Almost three quarters of adolescents aged 13 to 17 years included in the NIS-Teen 2007 received a tetanus-containing vaccine, and almost one third received Tdap. Among adolescents who received a tetanus-containing vaccine in 2007, a total of 89.1% received the new Tdap vaccine in place of Td, as recommended. Adolescents not receiving Td or Tdap may face barriers to accessing health care. Research is needed to identify evidence-based strategies to improve vaccination coverage among adolescents. (Clin Then 2010;32: 1468-1478) (C) 2010 Excerpta Medica Inc. C1 [Jain, Nidhi; Stokley, Shannon; Cohn, Amanda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jain, N (reprint author), US Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Off Reg Operat, 90 7th St, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA. EM nidhijain415@gmail.com FU CDC FX Funding for this study was provided by the CDC. The authors acknowledge the National Opinion Research Centers at the University of Chicago for conducting the survey and collecting data. They also thank Jim Singleton, MS, for his assistance with data interpretation. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER PI BRIDGEWATER PA 685 ROUTE 202-206, BRIDGEWATER, NJ 08807 USA SN 0149-2918 J9 CLIN THER JI Clin. Ther. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 32 IS 8 BP 1468 EP 1478 DI 10.1016/j.clinthera.2010.07.016 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 642LO UT WOS:000281215300003 PM 20728760 ER PT J AU Craig, BM Brisson, M Chesson, H Giuliano, AR Jit, M AF Craig, Benjamin M. Brisson, Marc Chesson, Harrell Giuliano, Anna R. Jit, Mark TI Proceedings of the Modeling Evidence in HPV Pre-Conference Workshop in Malmo, Sweden, May 9-10, 2009 SO CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE human papillomavirus; HPV; modeling; policy; health outcomes; QALY ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; CERVICAL-CANCER; UNITED-STATES; PAP TEST; SMOKING; WOMEN; MAMMOGRAPHY; PREVENTION; VACCINE; IMPACT AB Background: Prominent published and active human papillomavirus (HPV) modelers from around the world were invited to participate in the inaugural Modeling Evidence in HPV (MEHPV) Pre-Conference Workshop on May 9-10, 2009, in Malmo, Sweden. The workshop took place directly before the 25th International Papillomavirus Conference. Objectives: The aim of the workshop was to develop an international network of investigators engaged in HPV modeling and to facilitate open discussion about the structure and parameterization of models, as well as other methodologic concerns. Methods: Thirty-four participants from more than a dozen countries and a variety of settings, representing the authors or coauthors of 82% of the HPV modeling literature, exchanged ideas on fundamental questions in the field. These proceedings, based on the 217-page transcript, were assembled by the Scientific Committee to summarize the ideas of workshop participants in a deidentified, readable fashion. They represent the work and recorded opinions of session participants and do not constitute the official positions of participants as a whole or individually, the Scientific Committee, or any sponsoring organization or entity. Results: In charting a path forward, 3 topics emerged as most pressing: best practices for HPV modeling, comparative modeling, and modeling in developing countries. Conclusion: This summary of the proceedings of the preconference workshop on HPV modeling characterizes many of the prominent contemporary issues in the field. (Clin Then 2010;32:1546-1564) (C) 2010 Excerpta Medica Inc. C1 [Craig, Benjamin M.] H Lee Moffitt Canc Ctr & Res Inst, MRC CANCONT, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. [Craig, Benjamin M.] Univ S Florida, Dept Econ, Tampa, FL USA. [Brisson, Marc] Univ Quebec, Ctr Hosp, Unite Rech Sante Populat, Hop St Sacrement, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Chesson, Harrell] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jit, Mark] Hlth Protect Agcy, Modelling & Econ Unit, Ctr Infect, London, England. RP Craig, BM (reprint author), H Lee Moffitt Canc Ctr & Res Inst, MRC CANCONT, 12902 Magnolia Dr, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. EM Benjamin.Craig@moffitt.org FU International Papillomavirus Society (IPVS); GlaxoSmithKline; Merck Co., Inc.; Sanofi Pasteur; National Cancer Institute FX Support for this workshop was provided by the International Papillomavirus Society (IPVS). The costs associated with the 25th International Papillomavirus Conference and the preconference workshop were covered by conference grants to IPVS from GlaxoSmithKline, Merck & Co., Inc., and Sanofi Pasteur. The workshop was also supported by conference and preconference registration fees. No honoraria were received by any participant or Scientific Committee member. Dr. Craig's efforts in coordinating the workshop were supported through a National Cancer Institute Career Development Award (K25). The authors have indicated that they have no other conflicts of interest regarding the content of this article. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER PI BRIDGEWATER PA 685 ROUTE 202-206, BRIDGEWATER, NJ 08807 USA SN 0149-2918 J9 CLIN THER JI Clin. Ther. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 32 IS 8 BP 1546 EP 1564 DI 10.1016/j.clinthera.2010.06.017 PG 19 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 642LO UT WOS:000281215300009 PM 20728767 ER PT J AU Lee, SJ Mulay, P Diebolt-Brown, B Lackovic, MJ Mehler, LN Beckman, J Waltz, J Prado, JB Mitchell, YA Higgins, SA Schwartz, A Calvert, GM AF Lee, Soo-Jeong Mulay, Prakash Diebolt-Brown, Brienne Lackovic, Michelle J. Mehler, Louise N. Beckman, John Waltz, Justin Prado, Joanne B. Mitchell, Yvette A. Higgins, Sheila A. Schwartz, Abby Calvert, Geoffrey M. TI Acute illnesses associated with exposure to fipronil-surveillance data from 11 states in the United States, 2001-2007 SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fipronil; Pesticides; Poisoning; Surveillance; Phenylpyrazole ID CHANNEL BLOCKER AB Introduction. Fipronil is a broad-spectrum phenylpyrazole insecticide widely used to control residential pests and is also commonly used for flea and tick treatment on pets. It is a relatively new insecticide and few human toxicity data exist on fipronil. Objective. This paper describes the magnitude and characteristics of acute illnesses associated with fipronil exposure. Methods. Illness cases associated with exposure to fipronil-containing products from 2001 to 2007 were identified from the Sentinel Event Notification System for Occupational Risks (SENSOR)-Pesticides Program and the California Department of Pesticide Regulation. Results. A total of 103 cases were identified in 11 states. Annual case counts increased from 5 in 2001 to 30 in 2007. Of the cases, 55% were female, the median age was 37 years, and 11% were <15 years old. The majority (76%) had exposure in a private residence, 37% involved the use of pet-care products, and 26% had work-related exposures. Most cases (89%) had mild, temporary health effects. Neurological symptoms (50%) such as headache, dizziness, and paresthesia were the most common, followed by ocular (44%), gastrointestinal (28%), respiratory (27%), and dermal (21%) symptoms/signs. Exposures usually occurred from inadvertent spray/splash/spill of products or inadequate ventilation of the treated area before re-entry. Conclusions. Our findings indicate that exposure to fipronil can pose a risk for mild, temporary health effects in various body systems. Precautionary actions should be reinforced to prevent fipronil exposure to product users. C1 [Lee, Soo-Jeong; Calvert, Geoffrey M.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Mulay, Prakash] Florida Dept Hlth, Bur Environm Publ Hlth Med, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Diebolt-Brown, Brienne] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Environm & Injury Epidemiol & Toxicol Branch, Austin, TX USA. [Lackovic, Michelle J.] Louisiana Dept Hlth & Hosp, Off Publ Hlth, New Orleans, LA USA. [Mehler, Louise N.] Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Dept Pesticide Regulat, Sacramento, CA USA. [Beckman, John] Inst Publ Hlth, Oakland, CA USA. [Waltz, Justin] Oregon Dept Human Serv, Off Environm Publ Hlth, Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Prado, Joanne B.] Washington State Dept Hlth, Off Environm Assessments, Olympia, WA USA. [Mitchell, Yvette A.] New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Occupat Hlth, Troy, NY USA. [Higgins, Sheila A.] N Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Raleigh, NC USA. [Schwartz, Abby] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Div Environm Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. RP Calvert, GM (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,R-17, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM jac6@cdc.gov FU NIOSH; EPA FX Funding to support this study was provided by NIOSH, EPA, and the state agencies that contributed data. The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this paper. NR 16 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 9 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 48 IS 7 BP 737 EP 744 DI 10.3109/15563650.2010.507548 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 668ZV UT WOS:000283317000007 PM 20849331 ER PT J AU McMahon, BJ AF McMahon, Brian J. TI Natural History of Chronic Hepatitis B SO CLINICS IN LIVER DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis B virus; Natural history; Hepatitis B genotypes; Hepatocellular carcinoma ID CIRRHOSIS TYPE-B; DELTA VIRUS-INFECTION; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; HBSAG SEROCLEARANCE; LIVER-DISEASE; PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; CHRONIC CARRIERS; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; YUCPA INDIANS AB In this article, the 4 phases of chronic HBV infection are reviewed and the factors that are associated with disease progression and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cirrhosis are discussed. Also discussed is what is known to date about how to identify persons at the highest risk of developing HCC and/or cirrhosis. Finally, ways in which the natural history can be altered by hepatitis B vaccination and identification, close monitoring, and appropriate treatment of chronically infected individuals are reviewed. C1 [McMahon, Brian J.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [McMahon, Brian J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Anchorage, AK USA. RP McMahon, BJ (reprint author), 4315 Diplomacy Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM bdm9@cdc.gov NR 79 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 3 U2 9 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 1089-3261 J9 CLIN LIVER DIS JI Clin. Liver Dis. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 14 IS 3 BP 381 EP + DI 10.1016/j.cld.2010.05.007 PG 17 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 639OP UT WOS:000280984400002 PM 20638020 ER PT J AU Bramlett, MD Soobader, MJ Fisher-Owens, SA Weintraub, JA Gansky, SA Platt, LJ Newacheck, PW AF Bramlett, Matthew D. Soobader, Mah-J Fisher-Owens, Susan A. Weintraub, Jane A. Gansky, Stuart A. Platt, Larry J. Newacheck, Paul W. TI Assessing a multilevel model of young children's oral health with national survey data SO COMMUNITY DENTISTRY AND ORAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE children's oral health; multilevel modeling; multiple imputation ID DENTAL-CARIES; CARE; CHILDHOOD; COMMUNITY; ACCESS; IMPACT AB Objectives: To empirically test a multilevel conceptual model of children's oral health incorporating 22 domains of children's oral health across four levels: child, family, neighborhood and state. Data source: The 2003 National Survey of Children's Health, a module of the State and Local Area Integrated Telephone Survey conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics, is a nationally representative telephone survey of caregivers of children. Study design: We examined child-, family-, neighborhood-, and state-level factors influencing parent's report of children's oral health using a multilevel logistic regression model, estimated for 26 736 children ages 1-5 years. Principal findings: Factors operating at all four levels were associated with the likelihood that parents rated their children's oral health as fair or poor, although most significant correlates are represented at the child or family level. Of 22 domains identified in our conceptual model, 15 domains contained factors significantly associated with young children's oral health. At the state level, access to fluoridated water was significantly associated with favorable oral health for children. Conclusions: Our results suggest that efforts to understand or improve children's oral health should consider a multilevel approach that goes beyond solely child-level factors. C1 [Weintraub, Jane A.; Gansky, Stuart A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Oral Epidemiol & Dent Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Platt, Larry J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Hlth Policy Studies, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Fisher-Owens, Susan A.; Newacheck, Paul W.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Bramlett, Matthew D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Soobader, Mah-J] Statworks, Boston, MA USA. RP Gansky, SA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Oral Epidemiol & Dent Publ Hlth, 3333 Calif St,Box 1361, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM stuart.gansky@ucsf.edu OI Fisher-Owens, Susan/0000-0002-2482-1220 FU US DHHS National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research [R03 DE165701, U54 DE014251] FX This study was supported by US DHHS National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research grants R03 DE165701 and U54 DE014251. NR 47 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0301-5661 EI 1600-0528 J9 COMMUNITY DENT ORAL JI Community Dentist. Oral Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 38 IS 4 BP 287 EP 298 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0528.2010.00536.x PG 12 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 621WT UT WOS:000279617300001 PM 20370808 ER PT J AU Tyler, C Zapata, L Whiteman, M Marchbanks, P Curtis, K AF Tyler, C. Zapata, L. Whiteman, M. Marchbanks, P. Curtis, K. TI FAMILY PLANNING PROVIDER ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES RELATED TO PROVISION OF CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS AMONG WOMEN WITH VARIOUS CHARACTERISTICS AND MEDICAL CONDITIONS SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tyler, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD AUG PY 2010 VL 82 IS 2 BP 196 EP 196 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 635YT UT WOS:000280694600060 ER PT J AU Friedman, A Bloodgood, B Bender, J Levine, E AF Friedman, A. Bloodgood, B. Bender, J. Levine, E. TI CAN THE PROSPECT OF INFERTILITY MOTIVATE YOUNG WOMEN'S INTENTIONS TO SEEK PREVENTIVE HEALTHCARE? FINDINGS FROM CDC CONCEPT TESTING FOCUS GROUPS SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Friedman, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD AUG PY 2010 VL 82 IS 2 BP 209 EP 209 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 635YT UT WOS:000280694600111 ER PT J AU Li, R Zhang, P Barker, LE Chowdhury, FM Zhang, XP AF Li, Rui Zhang, Ping Barker, Lawrence E. Chowdhury, Farah M. Zhang, Xuanping TI Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions to Prevent and Control Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Review ID IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITORS; INTENSIVE BLOOD-GLUCOSE; LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTION; SUBCUTANEOUS INSULIN INFUSION; HEALTH ECONOMIC-IMPLICATIONS; NEPHROPATHY TRIAL IDNT; RENAL-DISEASE; IRBESARTAN TREATMENT; PRESSURE CONTROL AB OBJECTIVE- To synthesize the cost-effectiveness (CE) of interventions to prevent and control diabetes, its complications, and comorbidities. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS- We conducted a systematic review of literature on the CE of diabetes interventions recommended by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and published between January 1985 and May 2008. We categorized the strength of evidence about the CE of an intervention as strong, supportive, or uncertain. CEs were classified as cost saving (more health benefit at a lower cost), very cost-effective (--$25,000 per life year gained [LYG] or quality-adjusted life year [QALY]), cost-effective ($25,001 to $50,000 per LYG or QALY), marginally cost-effective ($50,001 to $100,000 per LYG or QALY), or not cost-effective (>$100,000 per LYG or QALY). The CE classification of an intervention was reported separately by country setting (U.S. or other developed countries) if CE varied by where the intervention was implemented. Costs were measured in 2007 U.S. dollars. RESULTS- Fifty-six studies from 20 countries met the inclusion criteria. A large majority of the ADA recommended interventions are cost-effective. We found strong evidence to classify the following interventions as cost saving or very cost-effective: (I) Cost saving- 1) ACE inhibitor (ACEI) therapy for intensive hypertension control compared with standard hypertension control; 2) ACEI or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) therapy to prevent end-stage renal disease (ESRD) compared with no ACEI or ARB treatment; 3) early irbesartan therapy (at the microalbuminuria stage) to prevent ESRD compared with later treatment (at the macroalbuminuria stage); 4) comprehensive foot care to prevent ulcers compared with usual care; 5) multi-component interventions for diabetic risk factor control and early detection of complications compared with conventional insulin therapy for persons with type 1 diabetes; and 6) multi-component interventions for diabetic risk factor control and early detection of complications compared with standard glycemic control for persons with type 2 diabetes. (II) Very cost-effective- 1) intensive lifestyle interventions to prevent type 2 diabetes among persons with impaired glucose tolerance compared with standard lifestyle recommendations; 2) universal opportunistic screening for undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in African Americans between 45 and 54 years old; 3) intensive glycemic control as implemented in the UK Prospective Diabetes Study in persons with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes compared with conventional glycemic control; 4) statin therapy for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease compared with no statin therapy; 5) counseling and treatment for smoking cessation compared with no counseling and treatment; 6) annual screening for diabetic retinopathy and ensuing treatment in persons with type 1 diabetes compared with no screening; 7) annual screening for diabetic retinopathy and ensuing treatment in persons with type 2 diabetes compared with no screening; and 8) immediate vitrectomy to treat diabetic retinopathy compared with deferred vitrectomy. CONCLUSIONS- Many interventions intended to prevent/control diabetes are cost saving or very cost-effective and supported by strong evidence. Policy makers should consider giving these interventions a higher priority. C1 [Li, Rui; Zhang, Ping; Barker, Lawrence E.; Chowdhury, Farah M.; Zhang, Xuanping] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Li, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eok8@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX The authors conducted this project as part of their jobs as employees of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The CDC is a federal agency in the U.S. government. The authors have no financial interest in this project. NR 76 TC 146 Z9 154 U1 2 U2 55 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD AUG PY 2010 VL 33 IS 8 BP 1872 EP 1894 DI 10.2337/dc10-0843 PG 23 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 645AF UT WOS:000281422600036 PM 20668156 ER PT J AU Gift, TL Palekar, RS Sodha, SV Kent, CK Fagan, RP Archer, WR Edelson, PJ Marchbanks, T Bhattarai, A Swerdlow, D Ostroff, S Meltzer, MI AF Gift, Thomas L. Palekar, Rakhee S. Sodha, Samir V. Kent, Charlotte K. Fagan, Ryan P. Archer, W. Roodly Edelson, Paul J. Marchbanks, Tiffany Bhattarai, Achuyt Swerdlow, David Ostroff, Stephen Meltzer, Martin I. CA Pennsylvania H1N1 Working Grp TI Household Effects of School Closure during Pandemic (H1N1) 2009, Pennsylvania, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZA AB To determine the effects of school closure, we surveyed 214 households after a 1-week elementary school closure because of pandemic (H1N1) 2009. Students spent 77% of the closure days at home, 69% of students visited at least 1 other location, and 79% of households reported that adults missed no days of work to watch children. C1 [Gift, Thomas L.; Sodha, Samir V.; Kent, Charlotte K.; Fagan, Ryan P.; Archer, W. Roodly; Edelson, Paul J.; Bhattarai, Achuyt; Swerdlow, David; Meltzer, Martin I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Palekar, Rakhee S.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. [Marchbanks, Tiffany; Ostroff, Stephen] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. RP Gift, TL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tgift@cdc.gov RI Bhattarai, Achuyt/B-8760-2008 OI Bhattarai, Achuyt/0000-0002-0514-4850 FU CDC [U60/CCU007277] FX This study/report was supported in part by an appointment to the Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program administered by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists and funded by CDC Cooperative Agreement U60/CCU007277. NR 7 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2010 VL 16 IS 8 BP 1315 EP 1317 DI 10.3201/eid1608.091827 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 632TX UT WOS:000280452600024 PM 20678335 ER PT J AU Bethel, JW Waterman, SH AF Bethel, Jeffrey W. Waterman, Stephen H. TI West Nile Virus Knowledge among Hispanics, San Diego County, California, USA, 2006 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID ATTITUDES C1 [Bethel, Jeffrey W.] E Carolina Univ, Brody Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. [Waterman, Stephen H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bethel, JW (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Brody Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth, 600 Moye Blvd,Hardy Bldg, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. EM bethelj@ecu.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2010 VL 16 IS 8 BP 1324 EP 1326 DI 10.3201/eid1608.100067 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 632TX UT WOS:000280452600029 PM 20678340 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI Not from the Stars Do I My Judgment Pluck SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM PMP1@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2010 VL 16 IS 8 BP 1335 EP 1336 DI 10.3201/eid1608.000000 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 632TX UT WOS:000280452600037 PM 20678346 ER PT J AU Thompson, J Lorber, M Toms, LML Kato, K Calafat, AM Mueller, JF AF Thompson, Jack Lorber, Matthew Toms, Leisa-Maree L. Kato, Kayoko Calafat, Antonia M. Mueller, Jochen F. TI Use of simple pharmacokinetic modeling to characterize exposure of Australians to perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (vol 36, pg 390, 2010) SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Correction C1 [Thompson, Jack; Toms, Leisa-Maree L.; Mueller, Jochen F.] Univ Queensland, Natl Res Ctr Environm Toxicol, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia. [Lorber, Matthew] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Kato, Kayoko; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Thompson, J (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Natl Res Ctr Environm Toxicol, 39 Kessels Rd, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia. EM jthompson@entox.uq.edu.au RI Thompson, Jack/A-8825-2011; Toms, Leisa-Maree/C-9530-2009 OI Toms, Leisa-Maree/0000-0002-1444-1638 NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 36 IS 6 BP 647 EP 648 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2010.05.008 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 621SF UT WOS:000279602200018 ER PT J AU Jeong, SH Yim, HW Yoon, SH Jee, YM Bae, SH Lee, WC AF Jeong, S. H. Yim, H. W. Yoon, S. H. Jee, Y. M. Bae, S. H. Lee, W. C. TI Changes in the intrafamilial transmission of hepatitis B virus after introduction of a hepatitis B vaccination programme in Korea SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis B virus; intrafamilial transmission; vertical transmission ID HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; INFECTION; TAIWAN; TURKEY; ADULTS; HEALTH AB Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are endemic in Korea. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of HBsAg positivity in Korea and to evaluate the changes in intrafamilial transmission after introduction of HBV vaccination in 1983. This study was based on the 2001 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 2512 study subjects, aged 10-29 years, were selected from across Korea using a stratified multi-stage probability sampling design. To identify the changes in intrafamilial transmission after the introduction of the HBV vaccination programme, 1850 subjects with parental serological markers were selected. These subjects were then grouped into two birth cohorts (cohort I: born before 1983; cohort 2: born after 1983). Appropriate sampling weights were used for all analyses. The weighted age-specific prevalence of HBsAg was 4.9% in participants in their 20s and 1.9% in adolescents; the combined weighted prevalence was 3.2%. Of subjects with HBsAg positivity in either parent, 17.5% were HBsAg-seropositive. Of subjects with two HBsAg-negative parents, 1.5% were HBsAg-seropositive. The HBsAg positivity rate of offspring with HBsAg-positive mothers was higher than those with HBsAg-positive fathers (27.3% vs. 4.8%, P < 0.001). The weighted HBsAg positivity rate of offspring with HBsAg-negative mothers was 2.3% for cohort 1 and 0.4% for cohort 2 (P < 0.01), and for those offspring with HBsAg-positive mothers it was also significantly decreased compared to cohorts 1 and 2 (40.2% vs. 16.4%, P < 0.01). However, the weighted HBsAg positivity rate of offspring with HBsAg-positive mothers was still high. Our results showed that introduction of HBV vaccination has resulted in a decline in the overall HBsAg positivity rate and a reduction in intrafamilial transmission in Korea, but further preventive measures for maternal intrafamilial transmission are needed. C1 [Jeong, S. H.; Yim, H. W.; Yoon, S. H.; Lee, W. C.] Catholic Univ, Dept Prevent Med, Coll Med, Seoul 137701, South Korea. [Bae, S. H.] Catholic Univ, Dept Internal Med, Coll Med, Seoul 137701, South Korea. [Jee, Y. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Enter & Hepatitis Viruses, Natl Inst Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Yim, HW (reprint author), Catholic Univ, Dept Prevent Med, Coll Med, 505 Banpo Dong, Seoul 137701, South Korea. EM y1693@catholic.ac.kr RI Jeong, Sook-Hyang/D-5726-2012 FU Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea [A060093] FX This study was supported by a grant from the Korea Health 21 R&D Project (A060093), Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 138 IS 8 BP 1090 EP 1095 DI 10.1017/S0950268809991324 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 628QW UT WOS:000280136700002 PM 19951454 ER PT J AU Watt, JP Moisi, JC Donaldson, RLA Reid, R Ferro, S Whitney, CG Santosham, M O'Brien, KL AF Watt, J. P. Moisi, J. C. Donaldson, R. L. A. Reid, R. Ferro, S. Whitney, C. G. Santosham, M. O'Brien, K. L. TI Measuring the incidence of adult community-acquired pneumonia in a Native American community SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Community-acquired pneumonia; epidemiology; incidence; Native Americans; radiology ID MEDICAL-CARE GROUP; REQUIRING HOSPITALIZATION; PNEUMOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA; CHEST RADIOGRAPHS; POPULATION; EXPERIENCE; ETIOLOGY; CHILDREN; VACCINE; RATES AB Few population-based studies have investigated the epidemiology of adult community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). We aimed to determine the incidence of CAP in a population at high-risk for pneumococcal disease and to evaluate a standardized method for interpreting chest radiographs adapted from the World Health Organization paediatric chest radiograph interpretation guidelines. We reviewed radiology records at the two healthcare facilities serving the White Mountain Apache tribe to identify possible pneumonia cases 40 years of age. We categorized patients with clinical criteria and a physician diagnosis of pneumonia as clinical CAP and those with clinical criteria and an acute infiltrate as radiographic CAP. We identified 100 (27/1000 person-years) and 60 (16/1000 person-years) episodes of clinical and radiographic CAP, respectively. The incidence of CAP increased with age. Both radiographic and clinical CAP were serious illnesses with more than half of patients hospitalized. Our case definitions and methods may be useful for comparing data across studies and conducting vaccine trials. C1 [Watt, J. P.; Moisi, J. C.; Donaldson, R. L. A.; Reid, R.; Santosham, M.; O'Brien, K. L.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Amer Indian Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Ferro, S.] Sanofi Pasteur Ltd, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Whitney, C. G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Watt, JP (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Amer Indian Hlth, 621 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM jwatt@jhsph.edu FU Sanofi-Pasteur Ltd; White Mountain Apache Native American Research Center for Health [National Institute of General Medicine] [U26 94 00012-01] FX We thank the White Mountain Apache tribe for their support of this project. We also thank Lora Lavender and the staff of the Center for American Indian Health for collection of study data. Cecilia Young Kwak assisted with identifying and summarizing studies of adult pneumonia incidence. This work was supported by Sanofi-Pasteur Ltd and by the White Mountain Apache Native American Research Center for Health [National Institute of General Medicine RO1 grant U26 94 00012-01]. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Indian Health Service. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 138 IS 8 BP 1146 EP 1154 DI 10.1017/S0950268809991464 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 628QW UT WOS:000280136700009 PM 20056013 ER PT J AU Chen, HT AF Chen, Huey T. TI The bottom-up approach to integrative validity: A new perspective for program evaluation SO EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Viable validity; Viability evaluation; Internal validity; External validity; Bottom-up approach; Top-down approach; Integrative validity model; Credible evidence ID NEEDLE EXCHANGE PROGRAM; INJECTION-DRUG USERS; EXTERNAL VALIDITY; PREVENTION RESEARCH; HEALTH-PROMOTION; SYRINGE EXCHANGE; COMMUNITY CAPACITY; PUBLIC-HEALTH; INTERVENTIONS; EFFICACY AB The Campbellian validity model and the traditional top-down approach to validity have had a profound influence on research and evaluation. That model includes the concepts of internal and external validity and within that model, the preeminence of internal validity as demonstrated in the top-down approach. Evaluators and researchers have, however, increasingly recognized that in an evaluation, the over-emphasis on internal validity reduces that evaluation's usefulness and contributes to the gulf between academic and practical communities regarding interventions. This article examines the limitations of the Campbellian validity model and the top-down approach and provides a comprehensive, alternative model, known as the integrative validity model for program evaluation. The integrative validity model includes the concept of viable validity, which is predicated on a bottom-up approach to validity. This approach better reflects stakeholders' evaluation views and concerns, makes external validity workable, and becomes therefore a preferable alternative for evaluation of health promotion/social betterment programs. The integrative validity model and the bottom-up approach enable evaluators to meet scientific and practical requirements, facilitate in advancing external validity, and gain a new perspective on methods. The new perspective also furnishes a balanced view of credible evidence, and offers an alternative perspective for funding. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Huey T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chen, HT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, APRHB EHHE NCEH CDC, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-58, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM hbc2@cdc.gov NR 81 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0149-7189 J9 EVAL PROGRAM PLANN JI Eval. Program Plan. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 33 IS 3 BP 205 EP 214 DI 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2009.10.002 PG 10 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 593XX UT WOS:000277497700001 PM 19931908 ER PT J AU Zhang, MJ Li, Q He, LH Meng, FL Gu, YX Zheng, MH Gong, YW Wang, P Ruan, F Zhou, L Wu, J Chen, L Fitzgerald, C Zhang, JZ AF Zhang, Maojun Li, Qun He, Lihua Meng, Fanliang Gu, Yixin Zheng, Minghuan Gong, Yunwei Wang, Ping Ruan, Feng Zhou, Lei Wu, Jing Chen, Li Fitzgerald, Collette Zhang, Jianzhong TI Association Study Between an Outbreak of Guillain-Barre Syndrome in Jilin, China, and Preceding Campylobacter jejuni Infection SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; ANTIGANGLIOSIDE ANTIBODIES; NORTHERN CHINA; FOOD HANDLER; PCR ASSAY; MIMICRY; COLI; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; DIFFERENTIATION; IDENTIFICATION AB From June to July 2007, 36 cases of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) occurred in a township in north China. Serological study and bacteria culture were performed to investigate the association between preceding Campylobacter jejuni infection and this GBS outbreak. Anti-C. jejuni antibodies were found in significantly higher numbers of GBS patients (IgM 84%, IgG 87.5%) than in healthy inspection cases (IgM 33%, IgG 27%). IgG anti-GM1 was the dominant anti-ganglioside antibody among the GBS patients. Seven C. jejuni isolates (four from human stool and three from poultry specimens taken from the patients' houses) were obtained. Serotyping and molecular analysis were used to investigate the genetic relatedness among these C. jejuni isolates. The four human isolates, collected from residents of the same district, were indistinguishable by both pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing, suggesting these patients had a common source of infection. A new sequence type, sequence type-2993, was assigned to the human C. jejuni isolates, three of which belonged to Penner serotype heat-stable (HS): 41. Both serotype and molecular subtype of the human C. jejuni isolates were different from those of isolates obtained from poultry specimens. Our results suggest that the antecedent C. jejuni infection triggered this GBS outbreak in China. C1 [Zhang, Maojun; He, Lihua; Meng, Fanliang; Gu, Yixin; Zheng, Minghuan; Zhang, Jianzhong] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Commun Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Diag, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. [Li, Qun; Ruan, Feng; Zhou, Lei] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Dis Control & Emergency Response, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Gong, Yunwei; Wang, Ping; Wu, Jing] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Changchun, Jilin, Peoples R China. [Chen, Li] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Fitzgerald, Collette] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zhang, JZ (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Commun Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Diag, POB 5, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. EM zhangjianzhong@icdc.cn FU National Key Program for Infectious Disease of China [2008ZX10004-002, 2008ZX10004-008, 2008ZX10004-009]; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China [2006BAK02A15] FX This work was supported by grants from the National Key Program for Infectious Disease of China (2008ZX10004-002, 2008ZX10004-008, and 2008ZX10004-009) and the Research for Major Food-Borne Pathogen Tracking Technique from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2006BAK02A15). NR 41 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 7 IS 8 BP 913 EP 919 DI 10.1089/fpd.2009.0493 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 631UK UT WOS:000280374900007 PM 20455754 ER PT J AU M'ikanatha, NM Sandt, CH Localio, AR Tewari, D Rankin, SC Whichard, JM Altekruse, SF Lautenbach, E Folster, JP Russo, A Chiller, TM Reynolds, SM McDermott, PF AF M'ikanatha, Nkuchia M. Sandt, Carol H. Localio, A. Russell Tewari, Deepanker Rankin, Shelley C. Whichard, Jean M. Altekruse, Sean F. Lautenbach, Ebbing Folster, Jason P. Russo, Anthony Chiller, Tom M. Reynolds, Stanley M. McDermott, Patrick F. TI Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Isolates from Retail Chicken Meat Compared with Human Clinical Isolates SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; NONTYPHOIDAL SALMONELLA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FOOD ANIMALS; BETA-LACTAMASE; INFECTIONS; PLASMIDS; MEXICO; CMY-2 AB Aim: To examine the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella in chicken meat and correlate with isolates from ill humans. Methods: We isolated Salmonella from raw chicken purchased from a randomly selected sample of retail outlets in central Pennsylvania during 2006-2007. Salmonella isolates from meat were compared, using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, to isolates in the PulseNet database of Salmonella recovered from humans. Results: Of 378 chicken meat samples, 84 (22%) contained Salmonella. Twenty-six (31%) of the Salmonella isolates were resistant to >= 3 antimicrobials and 18 (21%) were resistant to ceftiofur. All ceftiofur-resistant isolates exhibited reduced susceptibility (minimum inhibitory concentration >2 mg/mu L) to ceftriaxone and carried a blaCMY gene, as detected by polymerase chain reaction. Among the 28 Salmonella serovar Typhimurium isolates, 20 (71.4%) were resistant to >= 3 antimicrobials and 12 (42.9%) were resistant to ceftiofur. One ceftiofur-resistant Salmonella serovar Typhimurium poultry isolate exhibited a rare pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern indistinguishable from a human isolate in PulseNet; both isolates carried the bla(CMY-2) gene. Conclusions: These data demonstrate the presence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella in poultry meat, including blaCMY plasmid-mediated genes that confer resistance to both ceftiofur, used in poultry, and ceftriaxone, used for treating salmonellosis in humans. This study illustrates the potential for molecular subtyping databases to identify related Salmonella isolates from meat and ill humans, and suggests that chicken could be a source for multidrug-resistant salmonellosis in humans. C1 [M'ikanatha, Nkuchia M.] Penn Dept Hlth, Div Infect Dis Epidemiol, Harrisburg, PA 17120 USA. [M'ikanatha, Nkuchia M.; Localio, A. Russell; Rankin, Shelley C.; Lautenbach, Ebbing] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Sandt, Carol H.; Reynolds, Stanley M.] Penn Dept Hlth Bur Labs, Exton, PA USA. [Tewari, Deepanker; Russo, Anthony] Penn Dept Agr, Harrisburg, PA USA. [Whichard, Jean M.; Folster, Jason P.; Chiller, Tom M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Altekruse, Sean F.] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Folster, Jason P.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [McDermott, Patrick F.] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Laurel, MD USA. RP M'ikanatha, NM (reprint author), Penn Dept Hlth, Div Infect Dis Epidemiol, Harrisburg, PA 17120 USA. EM nmikanatha@state.pa.us FU Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Centers for Education and Research on Therapeutics [U18-HS10399]; Pennsylvania Department of Health through Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [ELC-04040] FX This study was supported in part by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Centers for Education and Research on Therapeutics cooperative agreement (U18-HS10399) and by the Pennsylvania Department of Health through Centers for Disease Control and Prevention grant (ELC-04040) for National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring. NR 27 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 7 IS 8 BP 929 EP 934 DI 10.1089/fpd.2009.0499 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 631UK UT WOS:000280374900009 PM 20443729 ER PT J AU Luo, HB Fang, XM Liao, YL Elliott, A Zhang, XZ AF Luo, Huabin Fang, Xiangming Liao, Youlian Elliott, Amanda Zhang, Xinzhi TI Associations of Special Care Units and Outcomes of Residents With Dementia: 2004 National Nursing Home Survey SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Special care units; Process of care; Outcome ID LONG-TERM-CARE; PHYSICAL RESTRAINTS; URINARY-INCONTINENCE; ALZHEIMER-DISEASE; DEATHS; HOSPITALIZATION; PREFERENCES; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; BEDRAILS AB Purpose: We compared the rates of specialized care for residents with Alzheimer's disease or dementia in special care units (SCUs) and other nursing home (NH) units and examined the associations of SCU residence with process of care and resident outcomes. Design and Methods: Data came from the 2004 National Nursing Home Survey. The indicators of process of care included physical restraints, continence management, feeding tubes, and influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations. Resident outcomes included pressure ulcers, hospitalization, emergency room visits, weight loss, and falls. Analyses were conducted by using Stata SE version 10. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analyses show that SCU residents were more likely to have received specialized dementia care and specialized behavioral problem management. They were less likely to have bed rails (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.39, AOR = 0.35, ps < .01), use catheters (AOR = 0.33, AOR = 0.33, ps < .01), and yet more likely to have toilet plans/bladder training for incontinence control (AOR = 1.90, AOR = 1.62, ps < .01) than those in regular units and those in NHs without an SCU. Moreover, SCU residents were less likely to have pressure ulcers, hospitalization than those in regular units, and less likely to have experienced weight loss than those in NHs without an SCU. However, they were more likely to have falls (AOR = 1.32, AOR = 1.36, ps < .05) than those in regular units and those in NHs without an SCU. Implications: Our study shows that SCU residents had, in general, better process of care than those in regular units and in NHs without an SCU. Further studies are needed to assess specific outcome changes among SCU residents and to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of having such units. C1 [Luo, Huabin] Mt Olive Coll, Dept Hlth Care Management, Mt Olive, NC 28365 USA. [Fang, Xiangming] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Liao, Youlian; Elliott, Amanda; Zhang, Xinzhi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Luo, HB (reprint author), Mt Olive Coll, Dept Hlth Care Management, 634 Henderson St, Mt Olive, NC 28365 USA. EM hluo@moc.edu RI Fang, Xiangming/O-1653-2014 OI Fang, Xiangming/0000-0001-9922-8977 NR 40 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD AUG PY 2010 VL 50 IS 4 BP 509 EP 518 DI 10.1093/geront/gnq035 PG 10 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 630GJ UT WOS:000280260900009 PM 20462932 ER PT J AU Tietjen, GE Anda, R Schulman, E Felitti, V Croft, J AF Tietjen, G. E. Anda, R. Schulman, E. Felitti, V. Croft, J. TI Adverse Childhood Experiences and Frequent Headaches in Adults SO HEADACHE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 52nd Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-Headache-Society CY JUN 24-27, 2010 CL Los Angeles, CA SP Amer Headache Soc C1 [Tietjen, G. E.] Univ Toledo, Coll Med, Dept Neurol, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Anda, R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Carter Consulting Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schulman, E.] Lankenau Hosp, Wynnewood, PA USA. [Felitti, V.] Kaiser Permanente, San Diego, CA USA. [Croft, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0017-8748 J9 HEADACHE JI Headache PD AUG PY 2010 VL 50 SU 1 BP S17 EP S18 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 613YT UT WOS:000279022000035 ER PT J AU Hawkins, NA Berkowitz, Z Peipins, LA AF Hawkins, Nikki A. Berkowitz, Zahava Peipins, Lucy A. TI What Does the Public Know About Preventing Cancer? Results From the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) SO HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE cancer prevention; public awareness; prevention behavior ID COLORECTAL-CANCER; RISK; KNOWLEDGE; ATTITUDES; BEHAVIOR; PERCEPTIONS; BREAST; WOMEN AB This study provides information about the public's familiarity with cancer prevention strategies and examines the association between this familiarity and actual prevention behavior. Data from interviews with 5,589 adults included in the 2003 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) were analyzed. Most respondents were able to cite one or two strategies for reducing the chances of cancer. On average, the fewest number of strategies were cited by Hispanics, respondents aged 65 years or older, and those with the lowest levels of education and income. Avoiding tobacco and eating a healthy diet were most commonly cited. People who cited the following strategies for preventing cancer were more likely to practice them: eating plenty of fruits and vegetables, exercising regularly, not smoking, and participating in cancer screening. Results indicate that efforts are needed to increase public familiarity with recommended strategies, especially among groups that are least familiar with recommendations for cancer prevention. C1 [Hawkins, Nikki A.; Berkowitz, Zahava; Peipins, Lucy A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30022 USA. RP Hawkins, NA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy K-55, Atlanta, GA 30022 USA. EM cyt4@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 10 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1090-1981 J9 HEALTH EDUC BEHAV JI Health Educ. Behav. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 37 IS 4 BP 490 EP 503 DI 10.1177/1090198106296770 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 637YN UT WOS:000280854700003 PM 17478600 ER PT J AU Whatley, AD DiIorio, CK Yeager, K AF Whatley, A. D. DiIorio, C. K. Yeager, K. TI Examining the relationships of depressive symptoms, stigma, social support and regimen-specific support on quality of life in adult patients with epilepsy SO HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SEIZURE FREQUENCY; SELF-MANAGEMENT; PEOPLE; IMPACT; MODEL; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY; SEVERITY AB Epilepsy research efforts have primarily focused on medical treatment and physical management of epilepsy; however, to provide comprehensive care, efforts cannot focus solely on physical manifestations of epilepsy. Research findings show that people with epilepsy face many challenges that can negatively affect quality of life (QOL). In this descriptive study, we examined the individual relationships between depressive symptoms, stigma, social support and regimen-specific support and QOL in adults with epilepsy. Study data were obtained from a subset of patients (N = 147) who participated in a longitudinal study of adult patients with epilepsy. Measures of QOL, depressive symptoms, stigma, social support and regimen-specific support were analyzed to answer the research questions. The results of correlational analyses revealed statistically significant negative correlations between depressive symptoms, stigma and sometimes regimen-specific support and QOL and statistically significant positive correlations between social support and QOL. A hierarchical multiple linear regression model revealed that depressive symptoms accounted for the most variance in QOL. Psychosocial variables measured 3 months prior to QOL were entered into a hierarchical multiple linear regression model, revealing that depressive symptoms, stigma and social support can be used to predict QOL at a later time. C1 [Whatley, A. D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [DiIorio, C. K.] Emory Univ, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Yeager, K.] Emory Univ, Nell Hodgson Woodruff Sch Nursing, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Whatley, AD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM amw3@cdc.gov FU NINR NIH HHS [R01-NR04770]; OCPHP CDC HHS [M01-PR01032] NR 51 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 14 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1153 J9 HEALTH EDUC RES JI Health Educ. Res. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 25 IS 4 BP 575 EP 584 DI 10.1093/her/cyq001 PG 10 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 630GD UT WOS:000280260200006 PM 20167608 ER PT J AU Owusu-Edusei, K Gift, TL AF Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr. Gift, Thomas L. TI Assessing the impact of state insurance policies on chlamydia screening: A panel data analysis SO HEALTH POLICY LA English DT Article DE Health policy; Chlamydia screening laws; Impact analysis ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; YOUNG-WOMEN; TRACHOMATIS; INFECTION; PREVENTION; INCREASE AB Objectives: In the late 1990s, three Southern states (Maryland (MD), Georgia (GA) and Tennessee (TN)) enacted laws that required health plans to reimburse for chlamydia screening for the populations at risk. We assessed the impact of the laws on chlamydia screening rates for Georgia (GA) and Tennessee (TN). Methods: We extracted monthly chlamydia screening rates on employer-sponsored privately insured women and used a panel regression analysis to conduct an intervention analysis that compared changes in screening rates in Georgia and Tennessee to ten southern states, based on the dates that the laws were enacted in the two states. Maryland was excluded due to non-specificity of the law and insufficient data. Results: Although there were substantial increases in screening rates in both GA and TN after the enactment of the laws, data from the other ten states showed similar increases over the same period. Thus, there was no significant difference in the increase in screening rates between Georgia and Tennessee and the other states. Conclusion: Because this analysis was restricted to privately insured patients, additional studies are needed to assess the effectiveness (or the lack thereof) of the laws for other populations, such as those covered by Medicaid, within the individual states. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd C1 [Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr.; Gift, Thomas L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Owusu-Edusei, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Kowusuedusei@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-8510 J9 HEALTH POLICY JI Health Policy PD AUG PY 2010 VL 96 IS 3 BP 231 EP 238 DI 10.1016/j.healthpol.2010.02.001 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 631ZB UT WOS:000280388300007 PM 20207440 ER PT J AU Bruce, M Hennessy, T Reasonover, A Morris, J Bruden, D Sacco, F Hurlburt, D Gove, J Parkinson, A McMahon, B AF Bruce, M. Hennessy, T. Reasonover, A. Morris, J. Bruden, D. Sacco, F. Hurlburt, D. Gove, J. Parkinson, A. McMahon, B. TI Risk factors for reinfection after successful eradication of H-pylori in three different populations in Alaska SO HELICOBACTER LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 23rd International Workshop on Helicobacter and Related Bacteria in Chronic Digestive Inflammation and Gastric Cancer CY SEP 16-18, 2010 CL Rotterdam, NETHERLANDS C1 [Bruce, M.; Hennessy, T.; Reasonover, A.; Morris, J.; Bruden, D.; Hurlburt, D.; Parkinson, A.] CDC, Anchorage, AK USA. [Sacco, F.; Gove, J.; McMahon, B.] ANMC, Anchorage, AK USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1083-4389 J9 HELICOBACTER JI Helicobacter PD AUG PY 2010 VL 15 IS 4 BP 372 EP 372 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology GA 626SC UT WOS:000279986200170 ER PT J AU Hvidtjorn, D Grove, J Schendel, D Svaerke, C Schieve, LA Uldall, P Ernst, E Jacobsson, B Thorsen, P AF Hvidtjorn, D. Grove, J. Schendel, D. Svaerke, C. Schieve, L. A. Uldall, P. Ernst, E. Jacobsson, B. Thorsen, P. TI Multiplicity and early gestational age contribute to an increased risk of cerebral palsy from assisted conception: a population-based cohort study SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE assisted reproduction; cerebral palsy; multiple births; preterm births ID IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; CHILDREN BORN; PRETERM DELIVERY; NEUROLOGICAL SEQUELAE; NATIONAL COHORT; BIRTH-WEIGHT; IVF; TWINS; PREGNANCIES; INFERTILITY AB This paper assesses the risk of cerebral palsy (CP) in children born after assisted conception compared with children born after natural conception (NC). This population based follow-up study included all 588,967 children born in Denmark from 1995 to 2003. Assisted conception was defined as IVF, with or without ICSI, and ovulation induction (OI), with or without subsequent insemination. There were 33 139 (5.6%) children born in Denmark from 1995 to 2003 as a result of assisted conception and through to June 2009, 1146 (0.19%) children received a CP diagnosis. Children born after assisted conception had an increased risk of a CP diagnosis, crude hazard rate ratio (HRR) 1.90 (95% CI: 1.57-2.31) compared with NC children. Divided into IVF and OI children compared with NC children, the risk was HRR 2.34 (95% CI: 1.81-3.01) and HRR 1.55 (95% CI: 1.17-2.06), respectively. When we included the intermediate factors multiplicity and gestational age in multivariate models, the risk of CP in assisted conception disappeared. In general, children with CP born after assisted conception had similar CP subtypes and co-morbidities as children with CP born after NC. The risk of CP is increased after both IVF and OI. The increased risk of CP in children born after assisted conception, and in particular IVF, is strongly associated with the high proportion of multiplicity and preterm delivery in these pregnancies. A more widespread use of single embryo transfer warrants consideration to enhance the long-term health of children born after IVF. C1 [Hvidtjorn, D.; Grove, J.; Svaerke, C.; Thorsen, P.] Univ Aarhus, Dept Epidemiol, Inst Publ Hlth, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Schendel, D.; Schieve, L. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. [Uldall, P.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Uldall, P.] Univ Hosp Copenhagen, Rigshosp, Pediat Clin, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Ernst, E.] Skejby Univ Hosp, Reprod Lab, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark. [Jacobsson, B.] Univ Gothenburg, Inst Hlth Women & Children, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Perinatal Ctr,Sahlgrenska Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Hvidtjorn, D (reprint author), Univ Aarhus, Dept Epidemiol, Inst Publ Hlth, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. EM dh@soci.au.dk OI Grove, Jakob/0000-0003-2284-5744 FU The Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation, University of Aarhus; The Health Insurance Foundation; The Augustinus Foundation; Julie von Mullens Foundation; Direktor Jacob Madsen & Hustru Olga Madsens Fond and Aase and Ejnar Danielsen Foundation FX The study was funded as a co-financed PhD project by The Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation, University of Aarhus and The Elsass Foundation. Further funding was applied by The Health Insurance Foundation, The Augustinus Foundation, Julie von Mullens Foundation, Direktor Jacob Madsen & Hustru Olga Madsens Fond and Aase and Ejnar Danielsen Foundation. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 28 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1161 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 25 IS 8 BP 2115 EP 2123 DI 10.1093/humrep/deq070 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 630NP UT WOS:000280280500032 PM 20554642 ER PT J AU Blalock, SJ Demby, KB McCulloch, KL Stevens, JA AF Blalock, Susan J. Demby, Karen B. McCulloch, Karen L. Stevens, Judy A. TI Factors influencing hip protector use among community-dwelling older adults SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID ELDERLY PEOPLE; HIGH-RISK; FRACTURE; WOMEN; ACCEPTABILITY; PREVENTION; ADOPTION AB Purpose To obtain a better understanding of the issues that influence hip protector use among community-dwelling older adults. Methods The study used a longitudinal, crossover design. A convenience sample of 32 participants used four different brands of hip protectors, each for a 1-week period. Data were collected by weekly telephone interviews and a mailed questionnaire administered at baseline and follow-up. Participant perceptions regarding hip protectors were assessed using both open-ended questions and Likert-type items. Results The most common concerns about hip protectors mentioned in response to open-ended questions involved: discomfort, poor fit, inconvenience and unfavourable effects on appearance. Participants spontaneously mentioned at least one of these barriers in over 70% of the interviews. In contrast, participants spontaneously mentioned the protective benefits offered by hip protectors in only 16% of the interviews. The intention to continue using a particular hip protector after the study ended was associated with the number of hours the hip protector was worn during the study (p < 0.01). After controlling for other variables, beliefs concerning the amount of protection that a hip protector provided was positively associated with the number of hours the hip protector was worn during the study (p < 0.05) and the intention to continue using the hip protector after the study (p < 0.01). Conclusion Study findings suggest that the use of hip protectors by community-dwelling older adults is influenced by beliefs about both barriers to use and the amount of protection provided. C1 [Blalock, Susan J.] Univ N Carolina, Eshelman Sch Pharm, Div Pharmaceut Outcomes & Policy, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Blalock, Susan J.; Demby, Karen B.; McCulloch, Karen L.] Univ N Carolina, Injury Prevent Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [McCulloch, Karen L.] Univ N Carolina, Div Phys Therapy, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Stevens, Judy A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Blalock, SJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Eshelman Sch Pharm, Div Pharmaceut Outcomes & Policy, CB 7360, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM s_blalock@unc.edu FU University of North Carolina Injury Prevention Research Center [R49 CE000196] FX This project was supported with funds from the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the University of North Carolina Injury Prevention Research Center (R49 CE000196). The HipSaver and SafeHip hip protectors used in this study were provided by the manufacturers free of charge. The FallGard hip protectors used in the study were provided by the manufacturer at cost. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 16 IS 4 BP 235 EP 239 DI 10.1136/ip.2009.026120 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 635VL UT WOS:000280685000005 PM 20587816 ER PT J AU Kapil, V Sattin, RW Sasser, S McGuire, LC Hunt, R AF Kapil, Vikas Sattin, Richard W. Sasser, Scott McGuire, Lisa C. Hunt, Richard TI Field triage: optimising injury outcomes through use of a revised on-scene decision-making protocol SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Kapil, Vikas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Injury Response, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sattin, Richard W.] Med Coll Georgia, Dept Emergency Med, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. [Sasser, Scott] Soc Advancement Violence & Injury Res, Washington, DC USA. [Sasser, Scott] Emory Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Kapil, V (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Injury Response, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vck3@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 16 IS 4 BP 284 EP 285 DI 10.1136/ip.2010.028506 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 635VL UT WOS:000280685000014 PM 20696717 ER PT J AU Leadbetter, S Peipins, LA Hawkins, NA Juan, RL Scholl, LE Freedner, N Alford, SH AF Leadbetter, Steven Peipins, Lucy A. Hawkins, Nikki A. Juan, Rodriguez L. Scholl, Lawrence E. Freedner, Naomi Alford, Sharon Hensley TI RATIONALE, DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OFA STUDY ON PERCEIVED RISK, WORRY AND USE OF OVARIAN CANCER SCREENING SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Leadbetter, Steven; Peipins, Lucy A.; Hawkins, Nikki A.; Juan, Rodriguez L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30084 USA. [Scholl, Lawrence E.; Freedner, Naomi] ICF Macro Int, Atlanta, GA USA. [Alford, Sharon Hensley] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Detroit, MI USA. EM LBP6@CDC.GOV NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1070-5503 J9 INT J BEHAV MED JI Int. J. Behav. Med. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 17 SU 1 BP 28 EP 28 PG 1 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 628BG UT WOS:000280088500060 ER PT J AU Brownson, RC Parra, D Pratt, M Ramos, L AF Brownson, R. C. Parra, D. Pratt, M. Ramos, L. TI UNDERSTANDING AND DISSEMINATING EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICES TO PROMOTE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN LATIN AMERICA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Brownson, R. C.; Parra, D.] Washington Univ, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Brownson, R. C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Brownson, R. C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Alvin J Siteman Canc Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. [Pratt, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Phys Activ & Hlth Branch, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ramos, L.] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Prevent Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM rbrownson@wustl.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1070-5503 J9 INT J BEHAV MED JI Int. J. Behav. Med. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 17 SU 1 BP 289 EP 289 PG 1 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 628BG UT WOS:000280088500656 ER PT J AU Nater, U Gurbaxani, B Heim, C Reeves, WC AF Nater, Urs Gurbaxani, Brian Heim, Christine Reeves, William C. TI THE EFFECT OF STRESS ON CHRONIC FATIGUE SYMPTOMS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nater, Urs; Gurbaxani, Brian; Heim, Christine; Reeves, William C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Nater, Urs] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. EM unater@emory.edu RI Nater, Urs/J-6898-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1070-5503 J9 INT J BEHAV MED JI Int. J. Behav. Med. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 17 SU 1 BP 295 EP 295 PG 1 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 628BG UT WOS:000280088500668 ER PT J AU Flegal, KM AF Flegal, Katherine M. TI Commentary: The quest for weight standards SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID BODY-MASS INDEX; DEFINE OVERWEIGHT; OBESITY; HEIGHT; DEFINITION; ADIPOSITY; INDICES; CLASSIFICATION; PREVALENCE; GUIDELINES C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Flegal, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 4315, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM kmf2@cdc.gov RI Flegal, Katherine/A-4608-2013; OI Flegal, Katherine/0000-0002-0838-469X NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0300-5771 J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL JI Int. J. Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 BP 963 EP 967 DI 10.1093/ije/dyq124 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 646IH UT WOS:000281532300007 PM 20660171 ER PT J AU Anuwatnonthakate, A Jittimanee, SX Cain, J Nateniyom, S Wattanaamornkiat, W Komsakorn, S Moolphate, S Banyati, P Chiengsorn, N Limsomboon, P Kaewsa-ard, S Varma, JK AF Anuwatnonthakate, A. Jittimanee, S. X. Cain, J. Nateniyom, S. Wattanaamornkiat, W. Komsakorn, S. Moolphate, S. Banyati, P. Chiengsorn, N. Limsomboon, P. Kaewsa-ard, S. Varma, J. K. TI Barriers to human immunodeficiency virus testing of tuberculosis patients in Thailand, 2004-2007 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; Thailand; HIV/AIDS; counseling; testing; provider-initiated ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HIV; TB; INFECTION; SETTINGS; IMPACT AB SETTING: Tuberculosis (TB) clinics in five provinces and one national referral hospital in Thailand. OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors for TB patients not receiving human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-test counseling and testing in Thailand. DESIGN: We collected data on TB patients treated at participating facilities from 2004 to 2007. Patients with known HIV status at the time of TB diagnosis were excluded from the analysis. We performed multivariate logistic regression to determine patient and facility characteristics associated with HIV counseling and testing. RESULTS: Of 15 903 TB patients, HIV pre-test counseling was provided to 13 604 (86%). HIV testing was provided to 11 702 (86%) of those counseled. Of 6141 patients with unknown HIV status, 2323 (38%) were SUMMARY treated in facilities that provide HIV testing in TB clinics compared with 6412 (58%) of 11003 non-HIV-infected and 3814 (62%) of 6121 HIV-infected patients (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, patients treated in facilities in which HIV testing of TB patients was performed somewhere other than the TB clinic were significantly less likely to undergo HIV pre-test counseling (adjusted OR 1.55, 95%CI 1.28-1.86). CONCLUSION: In Thailand, providing HIV testing directly in TB clinics, rather than in other settings, may increase the proportion of TB patients with known HIV status. C1 [Anuwatnonthakate, A.; Varma, J. K.] Thailand MOPH, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC Collaborat, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Cain, J.] Emory Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Komsakorn, S.] Chiang Rai Prov Publ Hlth Off, Chiang Rai, Thailand. [Moolphate, S.] Res Ins TB, Tokyo, Japan. [Chiengsorn, N.] Bangkok Metropolitan Hlth Adm, Bangkok, Thailand. [Limsomboon, P.] Phuket Prov Publ Hlth Off, Phuket, Thailand. [Kaewsa-ard, S.] Bamrasnaradura Inst, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Varma, J. K.] US CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Varma, JK (reprint author), US Embassy Beijing, CDC, 55 Jia Lou Rd, Beijing 100600, Peoples R China. EM jcv9@cdc.gov FU United States Agency for International Development; US CDC FX The authors thank the United States Agency for International Development for funding this project. Additional funding was provided by the US CDC. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 14 IS 8 BP 980 EP 985 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 629QD UT WOS:000280213900011 PM 20626942 ER PT J AU Blaya, JA Shin, SS Yale, G Suarez, C Asencios, L Contreras, C Rodriguez, P Kim, J Cegielski, P Fraser, HSF AF Blaya, J. A. Shin, S. S. Yale, G. Suarez, C. Asencios, L. Contreras, C. Rodriguez, P. Kim, J. Cegielski, P. Fraser, H. S. F. TI Electronic laboratory system reduces errors in National Tuberculosis Program: a cluster randomized controlled trial SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; laboratory; information systems; evaluation; randomized controlled trial ID MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; INFORMATION-SYSTEM; CHALLENGES; MODELS; PERU; CARE AB OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the e-Chasqui laboratory information system in reducing reporting errors compared to the current paper system. DESIGN: Cluster randomized controlled trial in 76 health centers (HCs) between 2004 and 2008. METHODS: Baseline data were collected every 4 months for 12 months. HCs were then randomly assigned to intervention (e-Chasqui) or control (paper). Further data were collected for the same months the following year. Comparisons were made between intervention and control HCs, and before and after the intervention. RESULTS: Intervention HCs had respectively 82% and 87% fewer errors in reporting results for drug susceptibility tests (2.1% vs. 11.9%, P < 0.001, OR 0.17, 95%CI 0.09-0.31) and cultures (2.0% vs: 15.1%, P < 0.001, OR 0.13, 95 %CI 0.07-0.24), than control HCs. Preventing missing results through online viewing accounted for at least 72% of all errors. e-Chasqui users sent on average three electronic error reports per week to the laboratories. CONCLUSIONS: e-Chasqui reduced the number of missing laboratory results at point-of-care health centers. Clinical users confirmed viewing electronic results not available on paper. Reporting errors to the laboratory using e-Chasqui promoted continuous quality improvement. The e-Chasqui laboratory information system is an important part of laboratory infrastructure improvements to support multidrug-resistant tuberculosis care in Peru. C1 [Blaya, J. A.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Decis Syst Grp, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Shin, S. S.; Fraser, H. S. F.] Partners Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Shin, S. S.; Fraser, H. S. F.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Global Hlth Equ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Yale, G.] Direcc Salud Lima Ciudad, Lima, Peru. [Suarez, C.] Direcc Salud IV Lima Este, Lima, Peru. [Asencios, L.] Inst Nacl Salud, Lima, Peru. [Contreras, C.; Rodriguez, P.] Socios Salud Sucursal Peru, Lima, Peru. [Kim, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biomed Informat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Cegielski, P.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Blaya, JA (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Decis Syst Grp, 900 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM jblaya@hms.harvard.edu RI Fraser, Hamish/E-3773-2013 FU Harvard Global Infectious Diseases Program; David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Public Services Center; MIT Hugh Y Hampton Fellowship; National Library of Medicine, National Institute of Health [1R01LM009520] FX The authors acknowledge the dedication of the laboratory and HC users. They thank B Palma, M Seaton, D Jazayeri, R Alvarado and E Ball for designing and maintaining these systems, L Lecca, J Bayona and C Mitnick for assistance in the study, C Bailey for reviewing the manuscript and P Cegielski for his invaluable help in the design and implementation of the project and for reviewing the manuscript. This research was supported by grants from the Harvard Global Infectious Diseases Program and David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies. JAB received a Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Public Services Center grant and the MIT Hugh Y Hampton Fellowship. JK was funded in part by grant 1R01LM009520 from the National Library of Medicine, National Institute of Health. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 4 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 14 IS 8 BP 1009 EP 1015 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 629QD UT WOS:000280213900015 PM 20626946 ER PT J AU McConnell, MS Chasombat, S Siangphoe, U Yuktanont, P Lolekha, R Pattarapayoon, N Kohreanudom, S Mock, PA Fox, K Thanprasertsuk, S AF McConnell, Michelle S. Chasombat, Sanchai Siangphoe, Umaporn Yuktanont, Porntip Lolekha, Rangsima Pattarapayoon, Naparat Kohreanudom, Surapol Mock, Philip A. Fox, Kimberley Thanprasertsuk, Sombat TI National Program Scale-Up and Patient Outcomes in a Pediatric Antiretroviral Treatment Program, Thailand, 2000-2007 SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article ID HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN; RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS; FIXED-DOSE COMBINATION; CD4 CELL RESPONSE; HIV-1-INFECTED CHILDREN; VIROLOGICAL FAILURE; 1-INFECTED CHILDREN; BASE-LINE; THERAPY; IMMUNODEFICIENCY AB Background: There are limited reports of public sector scale-up of antiretroviral treatment (ART) for HIV-infected children. We describe patient outcomes for HIV-infected children initiating ART in Thailand from 2000 to 2005. Methods: ART-naive patients,15 years old initiating ART from January 2000 to December 2005 were included; follow-up was through March 2007. Survival probabilities were estimated with Kaplan-Meier and hazard ratios for death and loss to follow-up (LTFU) with Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Analysis included 3409 children. Median follow-up time was 1.7 years (interquartile range = 1.0-2.5). Median age at ART initiation was 7.3 years, weight-for-age z score was -2.0, CD4% was 5.0%. ART was initiated in 1428 (41.9%) children at regional/university hospitals and in 689 (20.2%) at district/community hospitals. At last visit, 346 (10.1%) were LTFU and 305 (9.0%) had died. Age <1 (P = 0.008), weight-for-age z score <-2.0 (P < 0.001), CD4% <5% (P < 0.001), and clinical stage C (P < 0.001) were associated with death; district/community hospital patients had a lower hazard of death (P = 0.011). Clinical stage C (P = 0.052) and regional/university hospital (P < 0.001) were associated with increased LTFU. Conclusions: Pediatric ART has been successfully scaled-up in Thailand, including to district/community hospitals. Late entry to care is associated with poorer outcomes, and earlier ART initiation should be prioritized. C1 [McConnell, Michelle S.; Siangphoe, Umaporn; Lolekha, Rangsima; Mock, Philip A.; Fox, Kimberley] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [McConnell, Michelle S.; Fox, Kimberley] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chasombat, Sanchai; Yuktanont, Porntip; Pattarapayoon, Naparat; Kohreanudom, Surapol] Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Dis Control, Bur AIDS TB & Sexually Transmitted Infect, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Thanprasertsuk, Sombat] WHO, Bangkok, Thailand. RP McConnell, MS (reprint author), Thailand MOPH US CDC Collaborat, Minist Publ Hlth, Tivanon Rd, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM zmd8@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 1 PY 2010 VL 54 IS 4 BP 423 EP 429 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181dc5eb0 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 627BR UT WOS:000280013600013 PM 20418772 ER PT J AU Sayers, A Marcus, M Rubin, C McGeehin, MA Tobias, JH AF Sayers, Adrian Marcus, Michele Rubin, Carol McGeehin, Michael A. Tobias, Jonathan H. TI Investigation of Sex Differences in Hip Structure in Peripubertal Children SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID PUBERTAL GROWTH SPURT; MUSCLE-BONE UNIT; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; FEMORAL-NECK; GIRLS; GEOMETRY; FEMUR; MASS; STRENGTH; SURFACES AB Context: There is evidence that sex differences in hip structure are increased during puberty, possibly as a consequence of associated changes in body composition. Objectives: The objective of the study was to explore relationships between sex, puberty, hip structure, and body composition. Design/Setting: The design was a longitudinal birth cohort study: The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Participants: Participants included 3914 boys and girls (mean age 13.8 yr). Outcome Measures: Measures included dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry-derived femoral neck width (FNW), cortical thickness (CT), bending strength [cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI)], section modulus, buckling ratio (BR), and femoral neck and total hip bone mineral density. Results: FNW, CT, and CSMI were higher in boys, whereas BR was lower in girls (P < 0.001). Differences in hip structure were studied according to puberty (self-completion Tanner stage questionnaires). FNW, CT, and CSMI were higher in Tanner stage IV/V vs. I/II, particularly in boys (P < 0.001, puberty-sex interaction). BR was lower in Tanner stage IV/V, particularly in girls (P = 0.008, puberty-sex interaction). Adjusting for height, fat mass, and lean mass resulted in differential attenuation in the sexes, such that CT attenuated by about 80% and about 40% in boys and girls, respectively (P = 0.004, puberty-sex interaction for adjusted CT, Tanner stages I/II vs. IV/V). The difference in BR showed little attenuation after adjustment. Conclusion: During puberty, hip-bending strength increases, particularly in boys, due to their greater FNW, reflecting changes in height, fat mass, and lean mass. In contrast, BR falls during puberty, particularly in girls, reflecting their smaller FNW relative to CT, involving mechanisms partly independent of height and body composition. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95: 3876-3883, 2010) C1 [Sayers, Adrian; Tobias, Jonathan H.] Univ Bristol, Bristol BS10 5NB, Avon, England. [Marcus, Michele] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Marcus, Michele; Rubin, Carol; McGeehin, Michael A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tobias, JH (reprint author), Southmead Hosp, Avon Orthopaed Ctr, Bristol BS10 5NB, Avon, England. EM jon.tobias@bristol.ac.uk RI Tobias, Jon/E-2832-2014; Marcus, Michele/J-2746-2015 OI Tobias, Jon/0000-0002-7475-3932; FU Wellcome Trust [079960]; Vivienne and Sam Cohen Charitable Trust FX The U.K. Medical Research Council, the Wellcome Trust, and the University of Bristol provide core support for ALSPAC. Salary support for A. S. is provided by Wellcome Trust Grant 079960. Hip DXA scans were funded by a grant from the Vivienne and Sam Cohen Charitable Trust. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 95 IS 8 BP 3876 EP 3883 DI 10.1210/jc.2009-2446 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 635JW UT WOS:000280652400045 PM 20484488 ER PT J AU Costantini, V Grenz, L Fritzinger, A Lewis, D Biggs, C Hale, A Vinje, J AF Costantini, Veronica Grenz, LaDonna Fritzinger, Angela Lewis, David Biggs, Christianne Hale, Antony Vinje, Jan TI Diagnostic Accuracy and Analytical Sensitivity of IDEIA Norovirus Assay for Routine Screening of Human Norovirus SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; ROUND-STRUCTURED VIRUSES; COMMERCIAL ELISA; NURSING-HOMES; UNITED-STATES; GASTROENTERITIS; OUTBREAKS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTION AB Noroviruses (NoVs) are recognized as the leading cause of epidemic and sporadic acute gastroenteritis. Early detection of NoV is crucial to control the spread of the disease. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy, analytical sensitivity, and analytical reactivity of the IDEIA Norovirus assay (an enzyme immunoassay [EIA]) in a prospective and retrospective study design. A total of 557 prospectively collected fecal samples and a panel of 97 archived fecal samples, including 21 different GI and GII genotypes, were tested by conventional reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR)/bidirectional sequencing, real-time RT-PCR, and electron microscopy. The sensitivity and specificity of the EIA were 57.6% and 91.9%, respectively. The sensitivity for detecting NoV in fecal samples from outbreaks improved from 44.1% when three samples were tested to 76.9% when five samples per outbreak were tested. The EIA was able to detect strains from 7 GI and 11 GII genotypes. The analytical sensitivity of the EIA was 3.1 x 10(6) and 1.6 x 10(7) virus particles g(-1) of fecal sample for NoV GI and GII strains, respectively. Most GII samples positive by EIA had a threshold cycle (C(T)) of <26.5, and 50% of the GII samples negative by EIA had a C(T) of >25.6, suggesting that, although strains from genotypes GI. 8, GII. 10, and GII. 16 were not detected, the low sensitivity of the EIA is primarily caused by low virus concentration. In conclusion, the current EIA may be of use as a rapid screening test during a norovirus outbreak investigation when multiple fecal samples are available; however, sporadic samples should be tested by molecular methods. C1 [Costantini, Veronica; Vinje, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Grenz, LaDonna; Biggs, Christianne] Oregon State Publ Hlth Lab, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. [Fritzinger, Angela] Commonwealth Virginia, Div Consolidated Lab Serv, Richmond, VA 23219 USA. [Lewis, David; Hale, Antony] Leeds Teaching Hosp NHS Trust, Dept Virol, Leeds LS1 3EX, W Yorkshire, England. RP Costantini, V (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Mail Stop G-04,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vcostantini@cdc.gov OI Vinje, Jan/0000-0002-1530-3675; Costantini, Veronica/0000-0002-1532-4345 FU Centers for Disease Control Foundation FX This study was supported by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control Foundation. NR 54 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 48 IS 8 BP 2770 EP 2778 DI 10.1128/JCM.00654-10 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 634AQ UT WOS:000280550500017 PM 20554813 ER PT J AU Vlachojannis, C Dye, BA Herrera-Abreu, M Pikdoken, L Lerche-Sehm, J Pretzl, B Celenti, R Papapanou, PN AF Vlachojannis, Christian Dye, Bruce A. Herrera-Abreu, Miriam Pikdoken, Levent Lerche-Sehm, Julia Pretzl, Bernadette Celenti, Romanita Papapanou, Panos N. TI Determinants of serum IgG responses to periodontal bacteria in a nationally representative sample of US adults SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE edentulism; IgG antibodies; NHANES; periodontitis; serum ID EARLY-ONSET PERIODONTITIS; ACTINOBACILLUS-ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS; PORPHYROMONAS-GINGIVALIS; REFRACTORY PERIODONTITIS; CHECKERBOARD ASSESSMENTS; SUBCLASS CONCENTRATIONS; IMMUNE PARAMETERS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; DISEASE AB P>Aim To assess the distribution of elevated antibody titres to multiple periodontal bacteria, including established/putative pathogens and health-related species, by selected demographic, behavioural, and oral- and general health-related characteristics. Methods Data from 8153 >= 40-year-old participants from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used, including 1588 edentulous individuals. We used checkerboard immunoblotting to assess serum IgG levels to 19 periodontal species. Thresholds for elevated antibody responses were defined for each species using the 90th percentile titre in periodontal healthy participants, using two alternative definitions of periodontitis. Results Edentulous individuals showed lower antibody responses than dentate participants, notably for titres to "red complex" species and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. Elevated titres to Porphyromonas gingivalis were twice as prevalent in participants with periodontitis than in periodontal healthy individuals. Non-Hispanic blacks and Mexican-Americans were more likely to display elevated titres for P. gingivalis compared with non-Hispanic whites (22.9% versus 19.4% versus 9.5%). Current smokers were significantly less likely to exhibit high titres to multiple bacteria than never smokers. Conclusion Demographic, behavioural, and oral- and general health-related characteristics were strong determinants of systemic antibody responses to periodontal bacteria in a nationally representative sample of US adults. C1 [Vlachojannis, Christian; Herrera-Abreu, Miriam; Pikdoken, Levent; Lerche-Sehm, Julia; Pretzl, Bernadette; Celenti, Romanita; Papapanou, Panos N.] Columbia Univ, Coll Dent Med, Sect Oral & Diagnost Sci, Div Periodont, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Dye, Bruce A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Pikdoken, Levent] Haydarpasa Training Hosp, Gulhane Mil Med Acad, Sect Periodont, Dept Dent, Istanbul, Turkey. [Pretzl, Bernadette] Univ Heidelberg Hosp, Clin Oral Dent & Maxillofacial Dis, Dept Conservat Dent, Sect Periodontol, Heidelberg, Germany. RP Papapanou, PN (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Coll Dent Med, Sect Oral & Diagnost Sci, Div Periodont, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM pp192@columbia.edu FU American Heart Association [256205T]; National Institutes of Health [RR025158] FX The authors declare no conflict of interests. The study was supported by an American Heart Association grant to Dr. Papapanou (Grant-In-Aid #256205T) and a CTSA Award from the National Institutes of Health (#RR025158). NR 47 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0303-6979 J9 J CLIN PERIODONTOL JI J. Clin. Periodontol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 37 IS 8 BP 685 EP 696 DI 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01592.x PG 12 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 624RI UT WOS:000279837300001 PM 20561113 ER PT J AU Nadel, MR Berkowitz, Z Klabunde, CN Smith, RA Coughlin, SS White, MC AF Nadel, Marion R. Berkowitz, Zahava Klabunde, Carrie N. Smith, Robert A. Coughlin, Steven S. White, Mary C. TI Fecal Occult Blood Testing Beliefs and Practices of US Primary Care Physicians: Serious Deviations from Evidence-Based Recommendations SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE colorectal cancer; cancer screening; primary care; quality of care; fecal occult blood test ID AMERICAN-CANCER-SOCIETY; SERVICES TASK-FORCE; COLORECTAL-CANCER; CLINICAL GUIDELINES; NATIONAL-SURVEY; COLONOSCOPY; SURVEILLANCE; UPDATE; RATIONALE; TECHNOLOGIES AB Fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) is an important option for colorectal cancer screening that should be available in order to achieve high population screening coverage. However, results from a national survey of clinical practice in 1999-2000 indicated that many primary care physicians used inadequate methods to implement FOBT screening and follow-up. To determine whether methods to screen for fecal occult blood have improved, including the use of newer more sensitive stool tests. Cross-sectional national survey of primary care physicians. Participants consisted of 1,134 primary care physicians who reported ordering or performing FOBT in the 2006-2007 National Survey of Primary Care Physicians' Recommendations and Practices for Cancer Screening. Self-reported data on details of FOBT implementation and follow-up of positive results. Most physicians report using standard guaiac tests; higher sensitivity guaiac tests and immunochemical tests were reported by only 22.0% and 8.9%, respectively. In-office testing, that is, testing of a single specimen collected during a digital rectal examination in the office, is still widely used although inappropriate for screening: 24.9% of physicians report using only in-office tests and another 52.9% report using both in-office and home tests. Recommendations improved for follow-up after a positive test: fewer physicians recommend repeating the FOBT (17.8%) or using tests other than colonoscopy for the diagnostic work-up (6.6%). Only 44.3% of physicians who use home tests have reminder systems to ensure test completion and return. Many physicians continue to use inappropriate methods to screen for fecal occult blood. Intensified efforts to inform physicians of recommended technique and promote the use of tracking systems are needed. C1 [Nadel, Marion R.; Berkowitz, Zahava; Coughlin, Steven S.; White, Mary C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Klabunde, Carrie N.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Smith, Robert A.] Amer Canc Soc, Canc Control Sci Dept, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Coughlin, Steven S.] Dept Vet Affairs, Environm Epidemiol Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Nadel, MR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mrn1@cdc.gov RI White, Mary /C-9242-2012 OI White, Mary /0000-0002-9826-3962 FU NCI [N02-PC-51308]; CDC [Y3-PC-6017-01]; AHRQ [Y3-PC-5019-01, Y3-PC-5019-02] FX This study was funded by NCI contract N02-PC-51308, CDC inter-agency agreement Y3-PC-6017-01 and AHRQ inter-agency agreement Y3-PC-5019-01 and Y3-PC-5019-02. NR 41 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 25 IS 8 BP 833 EP 839 DI 10.1007/s11606-010-1328-7 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 620MZ UT WOS:000279505300020 PM 20383599 ER PT J AU Steinau, M Swan, DC Onyekwuluje, JM Brooks, JT Vellozzi, C Unger, ER AF Steinau, Martin Swan, David C. Onyekwuluje, Juanita M. Brooks, John T. Vellozzi, Claudia Unger, Elizabeth R. CA SUN Study Investigators TI Differences and changes in human papillomavirus type 16 variant status in human immunodeficiency virus-positive adults are not uncommon SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; ITALIAN WOMEN; CANCER; RISK; E6; POPULATIONS; SPREAD AB Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) genotype variants have been the subject of several investigations, but study participants have rarely been sampled more than once. In this study, among a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults, HPV-16 variants were investigated in samples collected concurrently from the anus and cervix, as well as in serial samples collected from the same anatomical site at 12-month intervals. HPV-16 variants in stored extracts of cervical and anal samples were determined from subjects with multiple visits and at least one sample positive for HPV-16. Seven polymorphic nucleotide positions within the E6 region were analysed by pyrosequencing to determine genotype variants. Of 364 samples examined, 176 anal and 39 cervical swabs from 84 different subjects yielded unequivocal sequences of eight major HPV-16 variants. Eight samples contained probable novel HPV-16 variants and in one sample two variants were detected. In eight out of 29 (27.6%) anal-cervical sample pairs positive for HPV-16, discordant variants were found. From 57 anal and nine cervical sample series of HPV-16-positive samples, a change in HPV-16 variant status over time was seen in nine (13.6%) instances (seven anal and two cervical) from eight different participants. Changes in HPV-16 variants in HIV-infected adults were seen most frequently when different anatomical sites were sampled, but were also observed over time. C1 [Steinau, Martin; Swan, David C.; Onyekwuluje, Juanita M.; Unger, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brooks, John T.; Vellozzi, Claudia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Steinau, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM azz9@cdc.gov OI Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 NR 20 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 91 BP 2068 EP 2072 DI 10.1099/vir.0.018663-0 PN 8 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 638WK UT WOS:000280928500022 PM 20392894 ER PT J AU Botto, LD Feuchtbaum, L Dowray, S Noble, PK Romitti, PA Wang, Y Palmer, M Olney, RS Hinton, C AF Botto, L. D. Feuchtbaum, L. Dowray, S. Noble, Piper K. Romitti, P. A. Wang, Y. Palmer, M. Olney, R. S. Hinton, C. TI LONG TERM FOLLOW UP OF CHILDREN IDENTIFIED THROUGH EXPANDED NEWBORN SCREENING: CLINICAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH ASPECTS SO JOURNAL OF INHERITED METABOLIC DISEASE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Botto, L. D.] Univ Utah, Div Med Genet, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Noble, Piper K.] Cntr Cong Inherit Dis, Iowa Dpt Pub Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. [Romitti, P. A.] Univ Iowa, Dpt Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. [Wang, Y.] NY State Dpt Hlth, Cong Malf Registry, Albany, NY USA. [Olney, R. S.; Hinton, C.] CDC, Nat Cntr Birth Def Dev Disab, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-8955 J9 J INHERIT METAB DIS JI J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 33 SU 1 BP S183 EP S183 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 648ZT UT WOS:000281735000600 ER PT J AU Herman, JL Shushan, B De Jesus, VR Kasper, DC AF Herman, J. L. Shushan, B. De Jesus, V. R. Kasper, D. C. TI THE APPLICATION OF MULTIPLEXED, MULTI-DIMENSIONAL ULTRA HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY/TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY TO THE HIGH THROUGHPUT SCREENING OF LYSOSOMAL STORAGE DISORDERS IN NEWBORN DRIED BLOODSPOTS SO JOURNAL OF INHERITED METABOLIC DISEASE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Herman, J. L.] ThermoFisher Sci, Franklin, TN USA. [Herman, J. L.] Clin Mass Spec Consultants, Toronto, ON, Canada. [De Jesus, V. R.] CDC, NBS & Mol Bio, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kasper, D. C.] Med Univ Vienna, Dept Ped & Ad Med, Vienna, Austria. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-8955 J9 J INHERIT METAB DIS JI J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 33 SU 1 BP S126 EP S126 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 648ZT UT WOS:000281735000395 ER PT J AU Morgan, MA Cragan, JD Goldenberg, RL Rasmussen, SA Schulkin, J AF Morgan, Maria A. Cragan, Janet D. Goldenberg, Robert L. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Schulkin, Jay TI Management of prescription and nonprescription drug use during pregnancy SO JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Over-the-counter; prescription; questionnaire; safety; teratogenic ID SEROTONIN-REUPTAKE INHIBITORS; OVER-THE-COUNTER; OBSTETRICIAN-GYNECOLOGISTS; PRECONCEPTION CARE; HERBAL MEDICINES; MEDICATION USE; UNITED-STATES; UNINTENDED PREGNANCY; BIRTH-DEFECTS; RISK AB Objective. To assess screening and treatment patterns of obstetrician-gynecologists regarding medication use during pregnancy. Methods. A questionnaire was mailed to 770 members of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists who participate in the Collaborative Ambulatory Research Network. Results. The response rate was 58%. Most respondents reported always asking pregnant patients about use of over-the-counter (OTC) (86%) and prescription (98%) drugs; 24% reported not always asking about alternative medications. Far fewer reported always asking nonpregnant patients about use of alcohol (67%), illegal drugs (51%) and OTC medications (52%) than pregnant patients. Two-fifths (41%) reported prescribing a medication during pregnancy for which they had insufficient information about potential effects on the fetus; nearly half (47%) reported that there are medical conditions for which they would like to prescribe medications but do not due to insufficient safety information. Physician responses indicate that they are less likely to refer pregnant than nonpregnant patients to a specialist for treatment of certain conditions. Conclusions. These results indicate that obstetrician-gynecologists sometimes prescribe medications for pregnant patients under less than optimal conditions and emphasize the importance of generating up-to-date information on effects of medications during pregnancy and having it readily available to health care providers. C1 [Morgan, Maria A.] Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Res Dept, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Cragan, Janet D.; Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Goldenberg, Robert L.] Drexel Univ, Coll Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Morgan, MA (reprint author), Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Res Dept, 409 12th St SW, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM mmorgan@acog.org FU Maternal and Child Health Bureau (Title V, Social Security Act) [R60 MC 05674]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [65/CCU323377-03/04]; Health Resources and Services Administration; Department of Health and Human Services FX This study was supported by Grant #R60 MC 05674 from the Maternal and Child Health Bureau (Title V, Social Security Act), Health Resources and Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services and by Grant #65/CCU323377-03/04 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 30 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1476-7058 J9 J MATERN-FETAL NEO M JI J. Matern.-Fetal Neonatal Med. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 23 IS 8 BP 813 EP 819 DI 10.3109/14767050903387045 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 634OI UT WOS:000280592200009 PM 19883263 ER PT J AU Smith, JM Dauner, A Li, B Srinivasan, P Mitchell, J Hendry, M Ellenberger, D Butera, S Otten, RA AF Smith, James M. Dauner, Allison Li, Bin Srinivasan, Priya Mitchell, James Hendry, Michael Ellenberger, Dennis Butera, Sal Otten, Ron A. TI Generation of a dual RT Env SHIV that is infectious in rhesus macaques SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 27th Annual Symposium on Non-Human Primate Models for AIDS CY OCT 28-31, 2009 CL New England Primate Res Ctr, Boston, MA HO New England Primate Res Ctr DE HIV interventions recombinant HIV; mucosal transmission ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS; HIV PRECLINICAL INTERVENTIONS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; ANIMAL-MODEL; TRANSMISSION; AIDS; MICROBICIDES; PREVENTION; TYPE-1 AB Background The best current animal model for HIV infection and evaluation of antiviral compounds is the Simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)/macaque system. There are multiple recombinant SHIVs available, but these viruses have limitations in evaluating combination drug strategies for prevention. Drug combinations that target reverse transcriptase (RT, either nRTI or nnRTI) and envelope (entry or fusion inhibitors) have to be tested separately, which does not permit the assessment of additive, synergistic, or antagonistic effects of ARV combinations. We describe construction of a dual SHIV containing both HIV RT and a CCR5-specific HIV envelope gene in a simian immunodeficiency virus backbone. Methods The RT Env SHIV molecular clone was constructed using RT SHIV and SHIV162p3 sequences as templates to generate RT Env SHIV. RT Env SHIV was expanded in vitro in CD8-depleted macaque peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Recombinant virus was used to infect a rhesus macaque (4.3 x 104 tissue culture infectious dose [TCID(50)], intravenously [IV]). A second passage in a macaque by IV transfer of 10 ml of blood obtained from the first infection was also done. The in vivo adapted virus stock from these macaques was used to produce high titer stocks in vitro and used to rectally infect an additional macaque. Results Peak viral load reached 6 x 105 vRNA copies/ml in plasma in both IV-exposed macaques and remained detectable in the one animal for 16 weeks after infection. A viral stock (1.68 x 104 TCID(50)) derived from the second macaque passage has been produced in CD8-depleted rhesus PBMC and was successfully used to demonstrate mucosal transmission. The resulting RT Env SHIV retained the sensitivity to HIV RT and entry inhibitors of its parental viruses. Conclusions The objective of this study was to develop and characterize a SHIV recombinant virus for evaluating the efficacy of ART and microbicide products that target both HIV RT and/or Env-mediated entry. RT Env SHIV can productively infect macaques by both the IV and mucosal route, making it a valuable tool for transmission studies. C1 [Smith, James M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, DHAP, NCHSTP,CCID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Smith, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, DHAP, NCHSTP,CCID, CDC Mailstop A25,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ajo9@cdc.gov RI Dauner, Allison/A-8020-2011; OI Dauner, Allison/0000-0001-7346-7355 NR 39 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 BP 213 EP 223 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2010.00434.x PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 619RV UT WOS:000279448900004 PM 20618587 ER PT J AU Smith, JM Dauner, A Li, B Mitchell, J Hendry, M Ellenberger, D Butera, S Otten, RA AF Smith, James M. Dauner, Allison Li, Bin Mitchell, James Hendry, Michael Ellenberger, Dennis Butera, Sal Otten, Ron A. TI GENERATION OF AN INFECTIOUS DUAL RT-ENV SHIV IN MACAQUES SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Smith, James M.; Dauner, Allison; Li, Bin; Mitchell, James; Hendry, Michael; Ellenberger, Dennis; Butera, Sal; Otten, Ron A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV & AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 MA 8 BP 269 EP 269 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 619RV UT WOS:000279448900017 ER PT J AU Dobard, CW Sharma, S Parikh, U Lipscomb, J Pau, CP Holder, A Martin, A Hazuda, D Hanson, D Smith, J Otten, RA Novembre, F Garcia-Lerma, G Heneine, W AF Dobard, Charles W. Sharma, Sunita Parikh, Urvi Lipscomb, Jonathan Pau, Chou-Pong Holder, Angela Martin, Amy Hazuda, Daria Hanson, Debra Smith, James Otten, Ron A. Novembre, Francis Garcia-Lerma, Gerardo Heneine, Walid TI PROTECTION AGAINST REPEATED VAGINAL SHIV EXPOSURES IN MACAQUES BY A TOPICAL GEL WITH AN INTEGRASE INHIBITOR SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dobard, Charles W.; Sharma, Sunita; Parikh, Urvi; Lipscomb, Jonathan; Pau, Chou-Pong; Holder, Angela; Martin, Amy; Hanson, Debra; Smith, James; Otten, Ron A.; Garcia-Lerma, Gerardo; Heneine, Walid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCHH STP DHAP LAB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hazuda, Daria] Merck, N Wales, PA 19454 USA. [Novembre, Francis] Emory Univ, Yerkes Primate Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 MA 37 BP 278 EP 279 PG 2 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 619RV UT WOS:000279448900046 ER PT J AU Kersh, EN Adams, DR Youngpairoj, AS Luo, W Mitchell, J Otten, R Hendry, RM Heneine, W Garcia-Lerma, G AF Kersh, Ellen N. Adams, Debra R. Youngpairoj, Ae S. Luo, Wei Mitchell, James Otten, Ron Hendry, R. Michael Heneine, Walid Garcia-Lerma, Gerardo TI SHIV-SPECIFIC T CELL RESPONSES AFTER PROTECTION FROM SHIV INFECTION BY PREP SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kersh, Ellen N.; Adams, Debra R.; Youngpairoj, Ae S.; Luo, Wei; Mitchell, James; Otten, Ron; Hendry, R. Michael; Heneine, Walid; Garcia-Lerma, Gerardo] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 MA 39 BP 279 EP 279 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 619RV UT WOS:000279448900048 ER PT J AU Adams, DR Luo, W Butler, S Li, B Guenthner, P Srinivasan, P Mitchell, J Smith, JM Kersh, EN Otten, RA AF Adams, Debra R. Luo, Wei Butler, Sara Li, Bin Guenthner, Patricia Srinivasan, Priya Mitchell, James Smith, James M. Kersh, Ellen N. Otten, Ron A. TI Poster session SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Adams, Debra R.; Luo, Wei; Butler, Sara; Li, Bin; Guenthner, Patricia; Srinivasan, Priya; Mitchell, James; Smith, James M.; Kersh, Ellen N.; Otten, Ron A.] CDC, Branch Lab, DHAP, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 MA 47 BP 284 EP 284 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 619RV UT WOS:000279448900060 ER PT J AU Vishwanathan, SA Guenthner, PC Lin, CY Dobard, C Sharma, S Srinivasan, P Smith, JM Otten, RA Heneine, W Hendry, MR Kersh, EN AF Vishwanathan, Sundaram Ajay Guenthner, Patricia C. Lin, Carol Y. Dobard, Charles Sharma, Sunita Srinivasan, Priya Smith, James M. Otten, Ron A. Heneine, Walid Hendry, Michael R. Kersh, Ellen N. TI VARIABLE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO SHIV INFECTION DURING THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE OF PIGTAILED MACAQUES UNDERGOING REPEATED LOW-DOSE VAGINAL EXPOSURES SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Vishwanathan, Sundaram Ajay; Guenthner, Patricia C.; Lin, Carol Y.; Dobard, Charles; Sharma, Sunita; Srinivasan, Priya; Smith, James M.; Otten, Ron A.; Heneine, Walid; Hendry, Michael R.; Kersh, Ellen N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 MA 84 BP 295 EP 295 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 619RV UT WOS:000279448900096 ER PT J AU Cong, ME Youngpairoj, AS Zheng, Q Dobard, C Heneine, W Garcia-Lerma, JG AF Cong, Mian-Er Youngpairoj, Ae S. Zheng, Qi Dobard, Charles Heneine, Walid Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo TI GENERATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EMTRICITABINE AND TENOFOVIR RESISTANT SHIV162P3 MUTANTS FOR EVALUATING PREP EFFECTIVENESS IN MACAQUES SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cong, Mian-Er; Youngpairoj, Ae S.; Zheng, Qi; Dobard, Charles; Heneine, Walid; Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 MA 92 BP 297 EP 297 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 619RV UT WOS:000279448900103 ER PT J AU Schulte, PA Murashov, V Zumwalde, R Kuempel, ED Geraci, CL AF Schulte, P. A. Murashov, V. Zumwalde, R. Kuempel, E. D. Geraci, C. L. TI Occupational exposure limits for nanomaterials: state of the art SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Nanomaterials; Regulation; Risk assessment; Occupational safety and health; Carbon nanotubes; Control banding ID WALLED-CARBON-NANOTUBES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; PHARMACEUTICAL-INDUSTRY; NANOPARTICLES; INHALATION; RATS; MESOTHELIOMA; CELLS; MICE; PARTICLES AB Assessing the need for and effectiveness of controlling airborne exposures to engineered nanomaterials in the workplace is difficult in the absence of occupational exposure limits (OELs). At present, there are practically no OELs specific to nanomaterials that have been adopted or promulgated by authoritative standards and guidance organizations. The vast heterogeneity of nanomaterials limits the number of specific OELs that are likely to be developed in the near future, but OELs could be developed more expeditiously for nanomaterials by applying dose-response data generated from animal studies for specific nanoparticles across categories of nanomaterials with similar properties and modes of action. This article reviews the history, context, and approaches for developing OELs for particles in general and nanoparticles in particular. Examples of approaches for developing OELs for titanium dioxide and carbon nanotubes are presented and interim OELs from various organizations for some nanomaterials are discussed. When adequate dose-response data are available in animals or humans, quantitative risk assessment methods can provide estimates of adverse health risk of nanomaterials in workers and, in conjunction with workplace exposure and control data, provide a basis for determining appropriate exposure limits. In the absence of adequate quantitative data, qualitative approaches to hazard assessment, exposure control, and safe work practices are prudent measures to reduce hazards in workers. C1 [Schulte, P. A.; Murashov, V.; Zumwalde, R.; Kuempel, E. D.; Geraci, C. L.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Schulte, PA (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS C-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM PSchulte@cdc.gov RI Murashov, Vladimir/K-5481-2012 NR 95 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 7 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 12 IS 6 BP 1971 EP 1987 DI 10.1007/s11051-010-0008-1 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 629ZP UT WOS:000280240600002 ER PT J AU Perrine, CG Herrick, K Serdula, MK Sullivan, KM AF Perrine, Cria G. Herrick, Kirsten Serdula, Mary K. Sullivan, Kevin M. TI Some Subgroups of Reproductive Age Women in the United States May Be at Risk for Iodine Deficiency SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID LACTATING WOMEN; URINARY IODINE; NUTRITION; MILK; PREGNANCY; RECOMMENDATIONS; HEALTH; FOOD; AREA; DIET AB Consuming an adequate amount of iodine during pregnancy is critical for fetal neurologic development. Even a mild deficiency can impair cognitive ability. Important sources of iodine in the United States include dairy products and iodized salt. Although the U.S. population has traditionally been considered iodine sufficient, median urinary iodine concentrations (UIC) have decreased 50% since the 1970s. We analyzed 2001-2006 NHANES data from urine iodine spot tests for pregnant (n = 326), lactating (n = 53), and nonpregnant, nonlactating (n = 1437) women of reproductive age (15-44 y). We used WHO criteria to define iodine sufficiency (median UIC: 150-249 mu g/L among pregnant women; >= 100 mu g/L among lactating women; and 100-199 mu g/L among nonpregnant, nonlactating women). The iodine status of pregnant women was borderline sufficient (median UIC = 153 mu g/L; 95% CI = 105-196), while lactating (115 mu g/L; 95% Cl = 62-162) and nonpregnant, nonlactating (130 mu g/L; 95% CI = 117-140) Women were iodine sufficient. Dairy product consumption was an important contributor to iodine status among both pregnant and nonpregnant, nonlactating women, and those who do not consume dairy products may be at risk for iodine deficiency. Although larger samples are needed to confirm these findings, these results raise concerns about the iodine status of pregnant women and women of reproductive age who are not consuming dairy products. Iodine levels among U.S. women should be monitored, particularly among subgroups at risk for iodine deficiency. J. Nutr. 140: 1489-1494, 2010. C1 [Perrine, Cria G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Perrine, Cria G.; Serdula, Mary K.; Sullivan, Kevin M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Herrick, Kirsten] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Nutr & Hlth Sci Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Sullivan, Kevin M.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Perrine, CG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cria.perrine@cdc.hhs.gov NR 41 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 140 IS 8 BP 1489 EP 1494 DI 10.3945/jn.109.120147 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 629PE UT WOS:000280211300016 PM 20554903 ER PT J AU Cohen, AL Naseri, I Pinell, X Sobol, SE Gorwitz, R AF Cohen, Adam L. Naseri, Iman Pinell, Ximena Sobol, Steven E. Gorwitz, Rachel TI Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Pediatric Head and Neck Infections: Results of a National Survey of Otolaryngologists in the United States SO JOURNAL OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article DE head and neck infection; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; pediatric ID COMMUNITY; ABSCESSES; CHILDREN; COLONIZATION; TRENDS; OTITIS AB Objective: Little information is available concerning the treatment of pediatric head and neck infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which is resistant to antimicrobial agents such as cephalosporins. The objective of this investigation is to describe clinical characteristics of pediatric MRSA head and neck infections in the United States and how they are treated. Design: National survey. Setting: United States. Methods: Practicing members of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery were surveyed regarding patients aged, 18 years with MRSA head and neck infections during 2006. Main Outcome Measures: Clinical characteristics and treatment of pediatric MRSA infections. Results: Of 701 surveys sent, 201 were completed (adjusted response rate 30%). Otolaryngologists responding to the survey reported treating a total of 1123 pediatric MRSA head and neck infections in 2006. Forty-seven percent reported treating pediatric patients with MRSA infections in the otologic region, 39% in the oropharyngeal/neck region, and 17% in the sinonasal region. The antimicrobials most frequently used to treat these infections were clindamycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and vancomycin. Cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones were also commonly prescribed. Conclusions: Otolaryngologists in the United States reported treating a broad range of MRSA head and neck infections in pediatric patients. Although most were treated with appropriate antimicrobials, some were treated with agents not active against MRSA. C1 [Cohen, Adam L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cohen, Adam L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Naseri, Iman; Pinell, Ximena; Sobol, Steven E.] Emory Univ, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Gorwitz, Rachel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cohen, AL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ALCohen1@cdc.gov FU Alcon Laboratories, Inc. FX This research was supported by a grant from Alcon Laboratories, Inc. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU B C DECKER INC PI HAMILTON PA 50 KING STREET EAST, 2ND FLOOR, PO BOX 620, L C D 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 1916-0216 J9 J OTOLARYNGOL-HEAD N JI J. Otolaryngol-Head Neck Surg. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 BP 468 EP 473 DI 10.2310/7070.2010.090102 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 678CI UT WOS:000284046200026 PM 20643018 ER PT J AU Kharrazi, M Hyde, T Young, S Amin, MM Cannon, MJ Dollard, SC AF Kharrazi, Martin Hyde, Terri Young, Suzanne Amin, Minal M. Cannon, Michael J. Dollard, Sheila C. TI Use of Screening Dried Blood Spots for Estimation of Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Birth Outcomes of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; FILTER-PAPER; HEARING-LOSS; MATERNAL INFECTION; CMV INFECTION; INFANTS; DNA; PRETERM; CYTORNEGALOVIRUS; SEROPREVALENCE AB Objectives To determine the birth prevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in a population-based sample of newborns by use of dried blood spots compared with previous studies that used established detection methods, and to evaluate risk factors and birth outcomes for congenital CMV infection. Study design A total of 3972 newborn dried blood spots collected for the California Newborn Screening Program were tested for presence of CMV DNA. Demographic and pregnancy data were obtained from linked newborn screening and live-birth records. Results CMV prevalence among newborns by maternal race and ethnicity was 0.9% for blacks, 0.8% for Hispanics, 0.6% for whites, and 0.6% for Asians. Among Hispanics (n = 2053), infants who were infected had younger mothers (23 vs 26 years, P = .03), and prevalence was higher for children with no father information provided (2.6% vs 0.6%, P = .03). Overall CMV infection was associated with low birth weight (prevalence ratios [95% CI]: 3.4 [1.4-8.5]) and preterm birth (2.7 [1.4-5.1]). CMV viral loads were inversely related to birth weight and gestational age (both P = .03). Conclusions CMV prevalence measured with dried blood spots was similar to reports using standard viral culture methods. Dried blood spots may be suitable for detection of CMV infection in newborns and warrant further evaluation. Congenital CMV infection may contribute to low birth weight and preterm birth. (J Pediatr 2010; 157: 191-7). C1 [Hyde, Terri; Amin, Minal M.; Cannon, Michael J.; Dollard, Sheila C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Young, Suzanne] Inst Publ Hlth, Oakland, CA USA. [Kharrazi, Martin] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Genet Dis Screening Program, Richmond, CA USA. RP Dollard, SC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G18, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgd5@cdc.gov RI Cannon, Michael/E-5894-2011 OI Cannon, Michael/0000-0001-5776-5010 FU National Vaccine Program Office of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention via Sequoia Foundation FX Funded by the National Vaccine Program Office of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention via a contract with the Sequoia Foundation. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 34 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 7 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 157 IS 2 BP 191 EP 197 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.03.002 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 625DA UT WOS:000279871700008 PM 20400091 ER PT J AU Abramson, O Durant, M Mow, W Finley, A Kodali, P Wong, A Tavares, V McCroskey, E Liu, LY Lewis, JD Allison, JE Flowers, N Hutfless, S Velayos, FS Perry, GS Cannon, R Herrinton, LJ AF Abramson, Oren Durant, Michael Mow, William Finley, Allen Kodali, Pratima Wong, Anthony Tavares, Venessa McCroskey, Erin Liu, Liyan Lewis, James D. Allison, James E. Flowers, Nicole Hutfless, Susan Velayos, Fernando S. Perry, Geraldine S. Cannon, Robert Herrinton, Lisa J. TI Incidence, Prevalence, and Time Trends of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Northern California, 1996 to 2006 SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; CROHNS-DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATION; CHILDHOOD; SMOKING; RISK AB Objective To examine the incidence and prevalence of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) during 1996 2006 in a community-based health-care delivery system. Study design Members of Kaiser Permanente Northern California aged 0 to 17 years with IBD were identified by use of computerized medical information with confirmation obtained through review of the medical record. Results The average annual incidence of IBD per 100 000 was 2.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3-3.1) for Crohn's disease (CD) and 3.2 (CI, 2.8-3.6) for ulcerative colitis (UC). During the 11-year study period, the annual incidence per 100 000 increased from 2.2 to 4.3 for CD (P = .09) and from 1.8 to 4.9 for UC (P < .001). The ratio of incident CD cases to incident UC cases was 0.9 in non-Hispanic whites, 1.6 in African Americans (P = .12), 0.3 in Hispanics (P < .001) and 0.4 in Asians (P = .04). The average length of enrollment during the 11-year study period exceeded 8 years. The point prevalence on December 31, 2006, per 100 000 was 12.0 for CD (CI, 9.6-14.4) and 19.5 (CI, 16.5-22.6) for UC. Conclusions In this population the incidence of UC increased significantly by 2.7-fold and CD increased 2.0-fold without reaching statistical significance. Hispanic and Asian children had development of UC more often than CD, suggesting possible etiologic differences across racial and ethnic groups. (J Pediatr 2010; 157: 233-9). C1 [Abramson, Oren; Durant, Michael; Mow, William; Finley, Allen; Kodali, Pratima; Wong, Anthony; Cannon, Robert] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Div Pediat Gastroenterol, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA. [Tavares, Venessa; McCroskey, Erin; Liu, Liyan; Allison, James E.; Hutfless, Susan; Velayos, Fernando S.; Herrinton, Lisa J.] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Allison, James E.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Internal Med, Div Gastroenterol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Lewis, James D.] Univ Penn, Dept Med, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Flowers, Nicole; Perry, Geraldine S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emerging Investigat & Analyt Methods Branch, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hutfless, Susan] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Abramson, O (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Div Pediat Gastroenterol, 710 Lawrence Exp, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA. EM oren.abramson@kp.org OI Hutfless, Susan/0000-0002-6311-2611 FU Crohn's and Colitis Foundation under Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [DP000340]; Kaiser Foundation Research Institute FX Funded in part by a contract from the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation under a cooperative agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Grant Number: DP000340) and by a grant from the Kaiser Foundation Research Institute. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 32 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 157 IS 2 BP 233 EP U88 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.02.024 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 625DA UT WOS:000279871700017 PM 20400099 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, BL Dabelea, D Liese, AD Fujimoto, W Waitzfelder, B Liu, L Bell, R Talton, J Snively, BM Kershnar, A Urbina, E Daniels, S Imperatore, G AF Rodriguez, Beatriz L. Dabelea, Dana Liese, Angela D. Fujimoto, Wilfred Waitzfelder, Beth Liu, Lenna Bell, Ronny Talton, Jennifer Snively, Beverly M. Kershnar, Ann Urbina, Elaine Daniels, Stephen Imperatore, Giuseppina CA SEARCH Study Grp TI Prevalence and Correlates of Elevated Blood Pressure in Youth with Diabetes Mellitus: The Search for Diabetes in Youth Study SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; YOUNG-ADULTS; ADOLESCENTS; CHILDREN; HYPERTENSION; POPULATION; AGE; ASSOCIATION; MULTICENTER; CHILDHOOD AB Objective To determine the prevalence and correlates of elevated blood pressure (BP) in youth with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus by using data from the SEARCH Study. Study design The analysis included youth aged 3 to 17 years with type 1 (n = 3691) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 410) who attended a research visit. Elevated BP was defined as systolic or diastolic values >= 95 percentile, regardless of drug use. In youth with elevated BP, awareness was defined as self-report of an earlier diagnosis. Control was defined as BP values <90th percentile and <120/90 mm Hg in youth with an earlier diagnosis who were taking BP medications. Results The prevalence of elevated BP in youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus was 5.9%; minority ethnic groups, obese adolescents, and youth with poor glycemic control were disproportionately affected. In contrast, 23.7% of adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus had elevated BP (P < .0001), Similarly, 31.9% of youth with type 2 diabetes mellitus and elevated BP were aware, compared with only 7.4% of youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus (P < .0001). Once BP was diagnosed and treated, control was similar in type 1 (57.1%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (40.6%). Conclusions Our findings identify high-risk groups of youth with diabetes mellitus at which screening and treatment efforts should be directed. (J Pediatr 2010; 157: 245-51). C1 [Bell, Ronny; Talton, Jennifer; Snively, Beverly M.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Rodriguez, Beatriz L.; Fujimoto, Wilfred; Waitzfelder, Beth] Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA. [Rodriguez, Beatriz L.] Univ Hawaii, Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Dabelea, Dana] Univ Colorado, Dept Epidemiol, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Liese, Angela D.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Liese, Angela D.] Univ S Carolina, Ctr Res Nutr & Hlth Dispar, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Liu, Lenna] Univ Washington, Inst Child Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kershnar, Ann] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Res Evaluat, Pasadena, CA USA. [Urbina, Elaine] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Daniels, Stephen] Univ Colorado, Childrens Hosp, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Imperatore, Giuseppina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bell, R (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. EM rbell@wfubmc.edu OI McKeown, Robert/0000-0002-8829-5784 FU NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR000077]; NCRR NIH HHS [M01RR001271, M01 RR01070, M01RR00037, M01 RR00069, 1UL1RR026314-01] NR 25 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 157 IS 2 BP 245 EP U102 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.02.021 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 625DA UT WOS:000279871700019 PM 20394942 ER PT J AU Edberg, M Cleary, SD Collins, E Klevens, J Leiva, R Bazurto, M Rivera, I del Cid, AT Montero, L Calderon, M AF Edberg, Mark Cleary, Sean D. Collins, Elizabeth Klevens, Joanne Leiva, Rodrigo Bazurto, Martha Rivera, Ivonne del Cid, Alex Taylor Montero, Luisa Calderon, Melba TI The SAFER Latinos Project: Addressing a Community Ecology Underlying Latino Youth Violence SO JOURNAL OF PRIMARY PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE Youth violence prevention; Central American immigrants; Community ecology; Participatory model ID WORKERS; MIGRANT; RISK AB This paper describes the intervention model, early implementation experience, and challenges for the Seguridad, Apoyo, Familia, Educacion, y Recursos (SAFER) Latinos project. The SAFER Latinos project is an attempt to build the evidence for a multilevel participatory youth violence prevention model tailored to the specific circumstances of Central American immigrants. Specific circumstances targeted in this intervention are decreased family cohesion as a result of sequential immigration (i.e., parents arriving first and bringing their children years later or youth arriving without parents); multiple school barriers; community disorganization and low community efficacy; limited access to services; and a social context (including gang presence) that is linked to youth norms supporting violence. In its implementation, the initial intervention model was adapted to address barriers and challenges. These are described, along with lessons learned and the ongoing evaluation. C1 [Edberg, Mark; Collins, Elizabeth] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Dept Prevent & Community Hlth, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Cleary, Sean D.] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Klevens, Joanne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Leiva, Rodrigo; Bazurto, Martha; Rivera, Ivonne; del Cid, Alex Taylor] Latino Federat Greater Washington, Washington, DC USA. [Montero, Luisa; Calderon, Melba] Latin Amer Youth Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Edberg, M (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Dept Prevent & Community Hlth, 2175 K St NW,Suite 700, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM medberg@gwu.edu NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0278-095X J9 J PRIM PREV JI J. Prim. Prev. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 31 IS 4 BP 247 EP 257 DI 10.1007/s10935-010-0219-3 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 646AK UT WOS:000281507100006 PM 20607409 ER PT J AU Dellinger, AM Kresnow, MJ AF Dellinger, Ann M. Kresnow, Marcie-jo TI Bicycle helmet use among children in the United States: The effects of legislation, personal and household factors SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bicycle helmets; Legislation; Children ID HEAD-INJURIES; ADOLESCENTS; METAANALYSIS; BEHAVIOR; PROGRAM; TRENDS; IMPACT; LAWS AB Introduction: Children ages 5-14 years have the highest rate of bicycle-related injuries in the country. Bicycle helmets can prevent head and brain injuries, which represent the most serious type of bicycle-related injury. Objectives: This paper compares children's bicycle helmet use to that estimated from an earlier study, and explores regional differences in helmet use by existing helmet legislation. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, list-assisted random-digit-dial telephone survey. Interviews were completed by 9,684 respondents during 2001-2003. The subset with at least one child in the household age 5-14 years (2,409 respondents) answered questions about bicycle helmet use for a randomly selected child in their household. Results: Almost half (48%) of the children always wore their helmet, 23% sometimes wore their helmet, and 29% never wore their helmet. Helmet wearing was significantly associated with race, ethnicity, and child age but was not associated with the sex of the child. Other significant predictors of use included household income, household education, census region, and bicycle helmet law status. Statewide laws were more effective than laws covering smaller areas. The proportion of children who always wore a helmet increased from 25% in 1994 to 48% in 2001-2002. Significant increases in helmet use from 20% to 26% were seen among both sexes, younger (5-9 years) and older (10-14 years) children, and in all four regions of the country. Conclusions: While there has been substantial progress in the number of children who always wear their helmets, more than half do not. Further progress will require using a combination of methods that have been shown to successfully promote consistent helmet use. Impact on industry: minimal. National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Dellinger, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kresnow, Marcie-jo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Stat & Programming, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Dellinger, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM amd1@cdc.gov; mjk1@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 41 IS 4 BP 375 EP 380 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2010.05.003 PG 6 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 664YB UT WOS:000282998900009 PM 20846554 ER PT J AU Vesper, HW Botelho, JC AF Vesper, Hubert W. Botelho, Julianne Cook TI Standardization of testosterone measurements in humans SO JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Testosterone; Standardization; Traceability; CDC ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LOW SERUM TESTOSTERONE; CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINE; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; ADULT MEN; ASSAYS; ANDROGENS; THERAPY; REPRODUCIBILITY AB Testosterone levels are used primarily for the diagnosis of hypogonadism in men and androgen excess in women. Current studies suggest that serum testosterone measurements may be indicated in a wide range of diseases and conditions. Translation of testosterone levels outside of the reference ranges into clinical treatment, appropriate cut offs for clinical guidelines and epidemiological studies with public health impact pose challenges due to the measurement variability among assays and in assay sensitivity. While introducing mass spectrometry technology can overcome some of these challenges and help to improve measurements, it faces variability issues similar to those observed with immunoassays that need to be addressed. To overcome these problems in testosterone testing, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences (CDC/NCEH/DLS) started a steroid hormone standardization project. Their objective was to create testosterone measurement results that are traceable to one accuracy basis, thus allowing measurements to be comparable across methods, time, and location. CDC/NCEH/DLS conducts activities to standardize and improve testosterone assays and laboratory measurements by establishing metrological traceability to a higher order reference method and material. In addition, the standardization effort includes pre- and post-analytical challenges, such as test selection, interpretation, and establishing reference ranges to improve the translation of standardized results into clinical guidelines and public health assessments. CDC is conducting these standardization activities in collaboration with the clinical, laboratory, and research communities. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Vesper, Hubert W.; Botelho, Julianne Cook] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Vesper, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM HVesper@cdc.gov FU Solvay Pharmaceuticals through the CDC Foundation FX Solvay Pharmaceuticals provided funding for this project through the CDC Foundation. The Division of Laboratory Sciences at the National Center for Environmental Health and the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control at the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion also contributed to this project. Professional societies and organizations, such as the Endocrine Society, the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologist, and the American Association of Clinical Chemistry have provided additional support. The authors also acknowledge the involvement of past and present members of the hormone standardization research team at CDC: Brittany Butler, Gabrielle Gay, Raj Razdan, Christopher Shacklady, Antoinette R. Smith, and Jamie White. NR 56 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-0760 J9 J STEROID BIOCHEM JI J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 121 IS 3-5 SI SI BP 513 EP 519 DI 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.03.032 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 642AC UT WOS:000281174000006 PM 20302935 ER PT J AU Lednicky, JA Villanueva, JM Burke, SA Shively, R Shaw, MW Daniels, DE Hamilton, SB Donis, RO AF Lednicky, John A. Villanueva, Julie M. Burke, Stephen A. Shively, Roxanne Shaw, Michael W. Daniels, Deirdre E. Hamilton, Sara B. Donis, Ruben O. TI Validation of a method for preparing influenza H5N1 simulated samples SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Novel influenza A virus; In vitro diagnostics; Simulated samples; Avian influenza H5N1 ID A VIRUS; INFECTION; SPECIMENS; ANTIGEN; FLU AB Avian influenza virus type A subtype H5N1 and potentially other novel influenza A viruses continue to pose a concern with mutation into a form easily transmitted between humans The ability to rapidly detect and characterize influenza viruses, and distinguish seasonal and novel influenza A viruses such as H5N1, remains important to minimize morbidity and mortality in humans As with other rare and emerging viral pathogens, clinical specimens from persons with H5N1 infections are extremely rare. Consequently, development of standardized methods and accepted criteria are necessary for both ensuring the validity of available diagnostic methods and for assessing the potential of new diagnostic tests that can detect and differentiate H5N1 and other novel influenza A viruses Additionally, genotypic and antigenic evolution of H5N1 poses a challenge with maintaining updated reference virus strains In this report, a method for preparing simulated samples using defined procedures and carefully selected H5N1 virus strains is described, and the reliability for using these samples in an evaluation protocol with a laboratory test for differentiating H5N1 virus from other influenza A viruses is evaluated (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved C1 [Lednicky, John A.; Daniels, Deirdre E.; Hamilton, Sara B.] Midwest Res Inst, Energy & Life Sci Div, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Villanueva, Julie M.; Burke, Stephen A.; Shaw, Michael W.; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Villanueva, Julie M.; Burke, Stephen A.] Atlanta Analyt Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Shively, Roxanne] US Dept HHS, Off Secretary, Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Response, Off Biomed Adv Res & Dev Author, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Lednicky, JA (reprint author), Midwest Res Inst, Energy & Life Sci Div, 425 Volker Blvd, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. FU U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Centers for Disease Control (CDC); Office of Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR) [HHS200-2007-20668] FX This project was performed at the MRI Influenza and Respiratory Pathogen Research Center in Kansas City, and was funded by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), and the Office of Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR)under Contract No. HHS200-2007-20668. Use of trade names and commercial sources is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. This release does not reflect the views or policies, nor infer official endorsement by the CDC or the Department of Health and Human Services. Julie Owells, Clint Davis, and Jane M. Mori-Bey provided technical assistance. The assistance of Eric Jeppessen, manager of the MRI Biosafety/Biosurety Office, is greatly appreciated along with the many contributors of the U.S. Government interagency influenza diagnostics working group. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD AUG PY 2010 VL 167 IS 2 BP 125 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.03.022 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 621HT UT WOS:000279567400003 PM 20362615 ER PT J AU Cilloniz, C Pantin-Jackwood, MJ Ni, C Goodman, AG Peng, XX Proll, SC Carter, VS Rosenzweig, ER Szretter, KJ Katz, JM Korth, MJ Swayne, DE Tumpey, TM Katze, MG AF Cilloniz, Cristian Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J. Ni, Chester Goodman, Alan G. Peng, Xinxia Proll, Sean C. Carter, Victoria S. Rosenzweig, Elizabeth R. Szretter, Kristy J. Katz, Jacqueline M. Korth, Marcus J. Swayne, David E. Tumpey, Terrence M. Katze, Michael G. TI Lethal Dissemination of H5N1 Influenza Virus Is Associated with Dysregulation of Inflammation and Lipoxin Signaling in a Mouse Model of Infection SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASPIRIN-TRIGGERED LIPOXIN; EBOLA HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; A H1N1 VIRUS; ANTIVIRAL DEFENSE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; MICE; ORIGIN; DISEASE; TRANSMISSION; INTERFERONS AB Periodic outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza viruses and the current H1N1 pandemic highlight the need for a more detailed understanding of influenza virus pathogenesis. To investigate the host transcriptional response induced by pathogenic influenza viruses, we used a functional-genomics approach to compare gene expression profiles in lungs from 129S6/SvEv mice infected with either the fully reconstructed H1N1 1918 pandemic virus (1918) or the highly pathogenic avian H5N1 virus Vietnam/1203/04 (VN/1203). Although the viruses reached similar titers in the lung and caused lethal infections, the mean time of death was 6 days for VN/1203-infected animals and 9 days for mice infected with the 1918 virus. VN/1203-infected animals also exhibited an earlier and more potent inflammatory response. This response included induction of genes encoding components of the inflammasome. VN/1203 was also able to disseminate to multiple organs, including the brain, which correlated with changes in the expression of genes associated with hematological functions and lipoxin biogenesis and signaling. Both viruses elicited expression of type I interferon (IFN)-regulated genes in wild-type mice and to a lesser extent in mice lacking the type I IFN receptor, suggesting alternative or redundant pathways for IFN signaling. Our findings suggest that VN/1203 is more pathogenic in mice as a consequence of several factors, including the early and sustained induction of the inflammatory response, the additive or synergistic effects of upregulated components of the immune response, and inhibition of lipoxin-mediated anti-inflammatory responses, which correlated with the ability of VN/1203 to disseminate to extrapulmonary organs. C1 [Cilloniz, Cristian; Ni, Chester; Goodman, Alan G.; Peng, Xinxia; Proll, Sean C.; Carter, Victoria S.; Rosenzweig, Elizabeth R.; Korth, Marcus J.; Katze, Michael G.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J.; Swayne, David E.] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30606 USA. [Szretter, Kristy J.] Washington Univ, Dept Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Katz, Jacqueline M.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Katze, Michael G.] Univ Washington, Washington Natl Primate Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Katze, MG (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM honey@u.washington.edu OI Szretter, Kristy/0000-0003-0391-2307 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [P01 AI058113, 2P01 AI058113]; Current Research Information Systems Project [6612-32000-049-00D] FX This study was funded in part by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases grants P01 AI058113 and 2P01 AI058113 (to M.G.K.) and Current Research Information Systems Project 6612-32000-049-00D (to D.E.S.). NR 46 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 84 IS 15 BP 7613 EP 7624 DI 10.1128/JVI.00553-10 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 626TK UT WOS:000279989800018 PM 20504916 ER PT J AU Stewart, SL Rim, SH Trivers, KF AF Stewart, Sherri L. Rim, Sun Hee Trivers, Katrina F. TI Summary and Impact of Ovarian Cancer Research and Programmatic Activities at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID FALLOPIAN-TUBE CANCER; UNITED-STATES; GEOGRAPHIC PATTERNS; SUBSEQUENT PRIMARY; WOMEN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MORTALITY; SURVIVAL; SYMPTOMS; BREAST AB Over the last decade, the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control (DCPC) within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has established an ovarian cancer research program. DCPC also currently funds two programmatic activities specifically related to ovarian cancer. This report provides a summary of the results and impact of these research and programmatic activities. C1 [Stewart, Sherri L.; Rim, Sun Hee; Trivers, Katrina F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Stewart, SL (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway,K-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sstewart2@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD AUG PY 2010 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1427 EP 1432 DI 10.1089/jwh.2010.2164 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 634KH UT WOS:000280579300001 PM 20626265 ER PT J AU Leone, JM Lane, SD Koumans, EH DeMott, K Wojtowycz, MA Jensen, J Aubry, RH AF Leone, Janel M. Lane, Sandra D. Koumans, Emilia H. DeMott, Kathy Wojtowycz, Martha A. Jensen, Jessica Aubry, Richard H. TI Effects of Intimate Partner Violence on Pregnancy Trauma and Placental Abruption SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID SITUATIONAL COUPLE VIOLENCE; MATERNAL COMPLICATIONS; NORTH-CAROLINA; UNITED-STATES; BIRTH-WEIGHT; WOMEN; ABUSE; TERRORISM; OUTCOMES; PREVALENCE AB Aims: Intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy increases women's risk of pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes. The goal of this study was to examine the association between IPV and prenatal trauma and placental abruption during pregnancy. Methods: Prenatal and hospital obstetrical charts were reviewed for 2873 women who gave birth between January 2000 and March 2002 in a Northeastern city. We examined associations among sociodemographic characteristics, health-related variables, IPV, and pregnancy trauma and placental abruption using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Of the 2873 women in the analyses, 105 (3.7%) reported IPV during prenatal care. After controlling for sociodemographic variables; tobacco, alcohol, and drug use; preeclampsia; and gestational diabetes during pregnancy, women who reported IPV also had higher odds of pregnancy trauma and placental abruption (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 32.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 14.33-71.80, p < 0.01, and OR 5.17, 95% CI 1.37-19.51, p < 0.05, respectively). Conclusions: This study found that IPV is a significant and independent risk factor for pregnancy trauma and placental abruption after controlling for factors typically associated with these outcomes. This study has implications for partner violence screening and intervention policies among pregnant women and highlights the importance of making distinctions about the type of IPV that women experience. C1 [Leone, Janel M.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Child & Family Studies, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Lane, Sandra D.; Wojtowycz, Martha A.; Aubry, Richard H.] SUNY Upstate Med Univ, Syracuse, NY USA. [Koumans, Emilia H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [DeMott, Kathy] Royal Coll Physicians, Natl Clin Guideline Ctr, London NW1 4LE, England. RP Leone, JM (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Child & Family Studies, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. EM jleone01@syr.edu NR 36 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD AUG PY 2010 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1501 EP 1509 DI 10.1089/jwh.2009.1716 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 634KH UT WOS:000280579300010 PM 20575710 ER PT J AU Martin, S Blanchard, K Manopaiboon, C Chaikummao, S Schaffer, K Friedland, B Kilmarx, PH AF Martin, Sarah Blanchard, Kelly Manopaiboon, Chomnad Chaikummao, Supaporn Schaffer, Kate Friedland, Barbara Kilmarx, Peter H. TI Carraguard (R) Acceptability Among Men and Women in a Couples Study in Thailand SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID FEMALE SEX WORKERS; I CLINICAL-TRIAL; VAGINAL MICROBICIDE; SOUTH-AFRICA; CONDOM USE; TOPICAL MICROBICIDES; CELLULOSE SULFATE; TENOFOVIR GEL; HIV RISK; SAFETY AB Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the use and acceptability of Carraguard (R) among men and women enrolled as couples in a microbicide trial. Materials and Methods: Focus groups were conducted with participants in a 6-month randomized, placebo-controlled trial that enrolled sexually active, low-risk couples in Thailand. Participants were blinded as to which gel they had received at the time of the discussions. Results: Most men and women liked the gel and found it acceptable. The majority of men and women thought that using the gel increased sexual pleasure, although participants disagreed about whether using the gel increased sexual frequency. Drawbacks of gel use included that it was too wet or messy, and nearly all respondents thought that the applicator was too hard. Most men and women questioned the utility of using the gel among married couples since gel use was tied to perception of HIV/STI risk. However, those who perceived themselves to be at risk expressed interest in using the product as an alternative to condoms. Many women were particularly interested in a product that also had contraceptive properties. Gel use also raised issues of trust and fidelity among couples and questions about men's ability to detect women's use of the product. Conclusion: Men and women in this study found the gel acceptable and thought that it should be made available if it is found to be safe and effective. Strategies for marketing a potential microbicide product must take the target population into consideration. For married couples, key considerations may be partner dynamics and trust issues, whereas messages focusing on sexual pleasure or disease prevention may resonate more strongly with sex workers or other populations. C1 [Martin, Sarah; Blanchard, Kelly] Ibis Reprod Hlth, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Blanchard, Kelly; Friedland, Barbara] Populat Council, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Manopaiboon, Chomnad; Chaikummao, Supaporn] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat TUC, Minist Publ Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. [Schaffer, Kate] Pathfinder Int, Watertown, MA USA. [Kilmarx, Peter H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Martin, S (reprint author), Ibis Reprod Hlth, 17 Dunster St,Suite 201, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM sm238@cornell.edu OI Kilmarx, Peter/0000-0001-6464-3345 NR 46 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD AUG PY 2010 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1561 EP 1567 DI 10.1089/jwh.2009.1362 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 634KH UT WOS:000280579300017 PM 20575712 ER PT J AU Moore, BA Aviles, GDG Larkins, CE Hillman, MJ Caspary, T AF Moore, Billie A. Aviles, Gladys D. Gonzalez Larkins, Christine E. Hillman, Michael J. Caspary, Tamara TI Mitochondrial retention of Opa1 is required for mouse embryogenesis SO MAMMALIAN GENOME LA English DT Article ID DOMINANT OPTIC ATROPHY; DYNAMIN-RELATED PROTEIN; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; CYTOCHROME-C RELEASE; OUTER-MEMBRANE; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; NEURAL CREST; HEARING-LOSS; FUSION; GTPASE AB Mitochondria are dynamic cellular organelles that balance fission and fusion to regulate organelle morphology, distribution, and activity, and Opa1 is one of three GTPases known to regulate mitochondrial fusion. In humans, loss of a single Opa1 allele causes dominant optic atrophy, a degenerative condition that leads to loss of vision. Here we demonstrate that the lilR3 mutant mouse phenotype is due to a point mutation in the Opa1 gene resulting in mislocalized Opa1 protein from the mitochondria to the cytosol. Importantly, the mutation is in the middle domain of the Opa1 protein, for which no function had been described. Lack of mitochondrial retention of Opa1 is sufficient to cause the cellular Opa1 loss-of-function phenotype as the mitochondria are fragmented, indicating an inability to fuse. Despite the normally ubiquitous expression of Opa1 and the essential nature of mitochondria, embryos with aberrant Opa1 survived through midgestation and died at E11.5. These mutants displayed growth retardation, exencephaly, and abnormal patterning along the anterior-posterior axis, although the A-P axis itself was intact. The complex relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and cell death is emphasized by apoptosis in specific cell populations of lilR3 embryos. Our results define, for the first time, a function of the middle domain of the Opa1 protein and demonstrate that mitochondrial retention of Opa1 protein is essential for normal embryogenesis. C1 [Moore, Billie A.; Aviles, Gladys D. Gonzalez; Larkins, Christine E.; Hillman, Michael J.; Caspary, Tamara] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Larkins, Christine E.] Emory Univ, Grad Program Biochem Cell & Dev Biol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hillman, Michael J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hillman, Michael J.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. RP Caspary, T (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, 615 Michael St,Suite 301, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM tcaspar@emory.edu OI Caspary, Tamara/0000-0002-6579-7589 FU Burroughs Wellcome Fund; Muscular Dystrophy Development Grant; Emory University FX We are grateful to Michael Wyler and Kathryn Anderson for the initial identification of the lilR3 phenotype in the course of the Sloan-Kettering Mouse Mutagenesis Project. Cheryl Strauss, Laura Mariani, Vanessa Horner, and Chen-Ying Su provided valuable comments on the manuscript. This work was funded by a Hitchings-Elion Career Development Award from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund and a Muscular Dystrophy Development Grant, as well as by Emory University Development Funds. The Opa1lilR3 allele has been submitted to the Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) database. NR 70 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0938-8990 J9 MAMM GENOME JI Mamm. Genome PD AUG PY 2010 VL 21 IS 7-8 BP 350 EP 360 DI 10.1007/s00335-010-9272-8 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 641DS UT WOS:000281105500002 PM 20652258 ER PT J AU Da Matta, DA Melo, AS Guimaraes, T Frade, JP Lott, TJ Colombo, AL AF Da Matta, Daniel A. Melo, Analy S. Guimaraes, Thais Frade, Joao P. Lott, Timothy J. Colombo, Arnaldo L. TI Multilocus sequence typing of sequential Candida albicans isolates from patients with persistent or recurrent fungemia SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Candida albicans; multilocus sequence typing; MLST; recurrent candidemia ID SENTINEL SURVEILLANCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; GLABRATA; SUSCEPTIBILITY; RECOMBINATION; KARYOTYPE AB Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) is a useful tool to explore the phylogenetics and epidemiology of Candida albicans isolates recovered from cases of invasive candidiasis. The goal of this study was to determine whether the same or different strains were responsible for persistent or recurrent fungemia through the use of MLST and ABC typing on sequential C. albicans isolates from the same patient. We applied both typing methods to 21 C. albicans strains recovered from 8 patients with persistent or recurrent candidemia. The isolates were collected during a multicenter surveillance study in four public tertiary care hospitals in Brazil. Persistent candidemia was defined as two or more blood cultures positive for C. albicans on 2 or more separate days. Recurrent candidemia was defined as an episode of candidemia occurring at least 1 month after the apparent complete resolution of an infectious episode caused by Candida species. We observed that, except for one patient, all strains from the first and second samples of the same patient showed the same MLST diploid sequence type (DST), ABC type and susceptibility profile to antifungals. Three distinct strains, well discriminated by MLST, were found in the seven samples collected sequentially over 10 days from one patient. The strains from the first four samples were indistinguishable, the fifth and sixth were also indistinguishable but different from the first four and seventh samples. Significantly, the seventh strain was the only C. albicans clade 2 isolate found in our total collection involving 61 patients, although clade 2 is commonly found worldwide. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study describing the recovery of three distinct C. albicans strains in the same patient with a persistent blood stream infection within a short period of time. C1 [Da Matta, Daniel A.; Melo, Analy S.; Guimaraes, Thais; Colombo, Arnaldo L.] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Div Infect Dis, BR-04037002 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Guimaraes, Thais] Hosp Serv Publ Estadual, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Frade, Joao P.; Lott, Timothy J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Colombo, AL (reprint author), Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Div Infect Dis, Rua Diogo Faria 822, BR-04037002 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM colomboal@terra.com.br FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) FX This research was supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq). We thank Anne M. Whitney and Corey Franzen from CDC for their technical support in sequencing. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1369-3786 J9 MED MYCOL JI Med. Mycol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 48 IS 5 BP 757 EP 762 DI 10.3109/13693780903501689 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences GA 636AU UT WOS:000280700800010 PM 20105100 ER PT J AU Luiz, LN Leite, JPG Yokosawa, J Carneiro, BM Pereira, E Oliveira, TFD Freitas, GROE Costa, LF de Paula, NT da Silveira, HL Nepomuceno, JC Queiroz, DAO AF Luiz, Lysa Nepomuceno Gagliardi Leite, Jose Paulo Yokosawa, Jonny Carneiro, Bruno M. Pereira Filho, Edson de Mattos Oliveira, Thelma Fatima Oliveira e Freitas, Guilherme Ramos Costa, Lourenco Faria de Paula, Nayhanne Tizzo da Silveira, Helio Lopes Nepomuceno, Julio Cesar Oliveira Queiroz, Divina Aparecida TI Molecular characterization of adenoviruses from children presenting with acute respiratory disease in Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and detection of an isolate genetically related to feline adenovirus SO MEMORIAS DO INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ LA English DT Article DE adenovirus; acute respiratory disease; children ID EPIDEMIC KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS; CLINICAL-FEATURES; SYNCYTIAL-VIRUS; SEROTYPE 14; INFECTIONS; PCR; OUTBREAK; SEQUENCE; YOUNGER; AGE AB Human adenoviruses (HAdV) are a major cause of acute respiratory diseases (ARD), gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis and urinary infections. Between November 2000-April 2007, a total of 468 nasopharyngeal aspirate samples were collected from children with ARD at the Clinics Hospital of Uberlandia. These samples were tested by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and 3% (14/468) tested positive for the presence of HAdV. By performing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect HAdV DNA in samples that tested negative or inconclusive for all viruses identifiable by IFA (respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza viruses 1, 2 and 3, influenza viruses A and B and HAdV), as well as negative for rhinoviruses by reverse transcription-PCR, additional 19 cases were detected, for a total of 33 (7.1%) HAdV-positive samples. Nucleotide sequences of 13 HAdV samples were analyzed, revealing that they belonged to species B, C and E. Further analyses showed that species C (HAdV-2) was the most prevalent among the sequenced samples. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the presence of HAdV-4 in Brazil. We also detected an isolate that was 100% identical to a part of the feline adenovirus hexon gene sequence. C1 [Yokosawa, Jonny] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Luiz, Lysa Nepomuceno; Carneiro, Bruno M.; de Mattos Oliveira, Thelma Fatima; Oliveira e Freitas, Guilherme Ramos; Costa, Lourenco Faria; de Paula, Nayhanne Tizzo; Oliveira Queiroz, Divina Aparecida] Univ Fed Uberlandia, Inst Ciencias Biomed, Virol Lab, BR-38400 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil. [da Silveira, Helio Lopes] Univ Fed Uberlandia, Fac Med, BR-38400 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil. [Nepomuceno, Julio Cesar] Univ Fed Uberlandia, Lab Citogenet & Mutagenese, Inst Genet & Bioquim, BR-38400 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil. [Gagliardi Leite, Jose Paulo; Pereira Filho, Edson] Fiocruz MS, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Virol Comparada & Ambiental, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Yokosawa, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM j.yokosawa@uol.com.br RI Carneiro, Bruno/J-5870-2013; OI Nepomuceno, Julio Cesar/0000-0002-4407-6416 FU FAPEMIG; CNPq; IOC-FIOCRUZ; UFU FX Financial support: FAPEMIG, CNPq, IOC-FIOCRUZ, UFU NR 36 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU FUNDACO OSWALDO CRUZ PI RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ PA AV BRASIL 4365, 21045-900 RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ, BRAZIL SN 0074-0276 J9 MEM I OSWALDO CRUZ JI Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz PD AUG PY 2010 VL 105 IS 5 BP 712 EP 716 DI 10.1590/S0074-02762010000500019 PG 5 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 663JX UT WOS:000282884200019 PM 20835622 ER PT J AU Prakalapakorn, SG Rasmussen, SA Lambert, SR Honein, MA AF Prakalapakorn, Sasapin G. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Lambert, Scott R. Honein, Margaret A. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention TI Assessment of Risk Factors for Infantile Cataracts Using a Case-Control Study National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 2000-2004 SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOW-DOSE ASPIRIN; CONGENITAL CATARACT; UNITED-KINGDOM; PREGNANCY; WEIGHT; POPULATION; RETARDATION; PREVALENCE; BEHAVIORS; INFECTION AB Objective: To identify risk factors for infantile cataracts of unknown etiology. Design: Case-control study. Participants: Case infants (n = 152) and control infants (n = 4205) enrolled in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study for birth years 2000-2004. Methods: Multivariate analysis was performed exploring associations for risk factors for bilateral and unilateral infantile cataracts of unknown etiology. Main Outcome Measures: Infantile cataracts of unknown etiology. Results: Maternal interviews were completed for 43 case infants with bilateral and 109 with unilateral infantile cataracts of unknown etiology. Very low birth weight (<1500 g) was associated with both unilateral (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 6.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.2-16.3) and bilateral (OR, 13.2; 95% CI, 4.2-41.1) cataracts, whereas low birth weight (1500-2499 g) was only associated with bilateral cataracts (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.3-8.1). Infants with unilateral cataracts were more likely to be born to primigravid women (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.0-2.7) than women with >= 2 previous pregnancies, although this was of borderline significance. Although not significant, effect estimates were elevated suggesting a possible association between unilateral cataracts and maternal substance abuse during pregnancy, and between bilateral cataracts and urinary tract infection during pregnancy and aspirin use during pregnancy. Conclusions: Very low birth weight is associated with both bilateral and unilateral cataracts, whereas low birth weight is associated with bilateral cataracts and primigravidity with unilateral cataracts. Other associations, although not statistically significant, suggest risk factors that merit further research. Financial Disclosure(s): The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any of the materials discussed in this article. Ophthalmology 2010; 117: 1500-1505 (C) 2010 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. C1 [Prakalapakorn, Sasapin G.; Rasmussen, Sonja A.; Honein, Margaret A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Prakalapakorn, Sasapin G.; Lambert, Scott R.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Prakalapakorn, Sasapin G.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Honein, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mrh7@cdc.gov RI Osman, Sanha/B-4056-2012; Publications, NBDPS/B-7692-2013 FU O.C. Hubert EIS; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supported in part by the O.C. Hubert EIS 50th anniversary fellowship. Dr. Prakalapakorn is a recipient of the O.C. Hubert EIS 50th anniversary fellowship. The sponsor had no role in the design or conduct of this research. The study was also supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The coding of drug information in the NBDPS used the Slone Drug Dictionary, under license from the Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD AUG PY 2010 VL 117 IS 8 BP 1500 EP 1505 DI 10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.12.026 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 634QU UT WOS:000280598900006 PM 20363508 ER PT J AU Swanson, ME Sandler, AD AF Swanson, Mark E. Sandler, Adrian D. TI Spina Bifida Preface SO PEDIATRIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Swanson, Mark E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sandler, Adrian D.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Sandler, Adrian D.] Mission Childrens Hosp, Olson Huff Ctr, Asheville, NC 28803 USA. RP Swanson, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cfu9@cdc.gov; adsandler@pol.net NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0031-3955 J9 PEDIATR CLIN N AM JI Pediatr. Clin. N. Am. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 57 IS 4 BP XV EP XVI DI 10.1016/j.pcl.2010.08.005 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 672YH UT WOS:000283623300001 PM 20883877 ER PT J AU Swanson, ME AF Swanson, Mark E. TI Need for the Life Course Model for Spina Bifida SO PEDIATRIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Spina bifida; Transition; Self-management; ICF ID CHRONIC ILLNESS; CHILDREN; PARTICIPATION; DISABILITIES; MANAGEMENT; DISEASE; ISSUES AB Because children with chronic conditions, such as spina bifida, have grown up into adults in increasing numbers, they and their families have increasingly questioned whether they have reached their full potential and maximized their participation in adult activities. Lack of knowledgeable adult medical providers and longitudinal data about natural history places more responsibility on individuals and their family for self-care of the impairment. This article describes the need for the life course model, which merges several concepts and principles related to children with disabilities and provides a framework for services and research to achieve the desired adult outcomes. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Swanson, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cfu9@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0031-3955 J9 PEDIATR CLIN N AM JI Pediatr. Clin. N. Am. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 57 IS 4 BP 893 EP + DI 10.1016/j.pcl.2010.08.001 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 672YH UT WOS:000283623300003 PM 20883879 ER PT J AU Thibadeau, JK Alriksson-Schmidt, AI Zabel, TA AF Thibadeau, Judy K. Alriksson-Schmidt, Ann I. Zabel, T. Andrew TI The National Spina Bifida Program Transition Initiative: The People, the Plan, and the Process SO PEDIATRIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Spina bifida; Transition; Health care; Social relationships; Employment ID HEALTH AB This article outlines and summarizes the rationale and the working process that was undertaken by the National Spina Bifida Program to address the issues of transitioning throughout the life course for persons growing up with spina bifida. Their challenges include achieving independent living, vocational independence, community mobility, and participation in social activities, and health management. The creation, the underlying concepts, and the dissemination of the Life Course Model are described. C1 [Thibadeau, Judy K.; Alriksson-Schmidt, Ann I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zabel, T. Andrew] Kennedy Krieger Inst, Philip A Keelty Ctr Spina Bifida & Related Condit, Dept Neuropsychol, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. [Zabel, T. Andrew] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Thibadeau, JK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE MS E-88, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM csn2@cdc.gov OI Alriksson-Schmidt, Ann/0000-0001-9430-263X FU National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia FX This work was supported by the National Spina Bifida Program, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0031-3955 J9 PEDIATR CLIN N AM JI Pediatr. Clin. N. Am. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 57 IS 4 BP 903 EP + DI 10.1016/j.pcl.2010.07.010 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 672YH UT WOS:000283623300004 PM 20883880 ER PT J AU Holmbeck, GN Alriksson-Schmidt, AI Bellin, MH Betz, C Devine, KA AF Holmbeck, Grayson N. Alriksson-Schmidt, Ann I. Bellin, Melissa H. Betz, Cecily Devine, Katie A. TI A Family Perspective: How this Product can Inform and Empower Families of Youth with Spina Bifida SO PEDIATRIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Spina bifida; Youth; Family perspective ID CHRONIC ILLNESS CARE; YOUNG-ADULTS; PSYCHOSOCIAL ADJUSTMENT; PSYCHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT; ADOLESCENT TRANSITION; EMERGING ADULTHOOD; SOCIAL SUPPORT; CENTERED CARE; SELF-CONCEPT; CHILDREN AB This article focuses on how the Life Course Model Web site can help family members build on the strengths of individuals with spina bifida and address areas of difficulty. A developmental perspective is adopted, which maintains that the Life Course Model Web site is useful at all stages of development, with the information provided for families at one stage of development building on the information provided for those at earlier stages of development. A brief overview is provided of relevant theories that supported the development of the Life Course Model. There is a review of the literature on the adjustment of families of individuals with spina bifida and the psychosocial adjustment of affected youth. How families may benefit from engagement with the 3 content areas covered by the Web site is discussed, namely child health and the transfer of medical management from parent to child (health/self-management), the development of social relationships (social relationships), and the achievement of milestones during emerging adulthood, including achievements in the areas of education and employment (education, employment, and income support). C1 [Holmbeck, Grayson N.; Devine, Katie A.] Loyola Univ, Dept Psychol, Chicago, IL 60660 USA. [Alriksson-Schmidt, Ann I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bellin, Melissa H.] Univ Maryland, Sch Social Work, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Betz, Cecily] Univ So Calif, Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Keck Sch Med, Dept Pediat,USC Ctr Excellence Dev Disabil, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. RP Holmbeck, GN (reprint author), Loyola Univ, Dept Psychol, 1032 W Sheridan Rd, Chicago, IL 60660 USA. EM gholmbe@luc.edu OI Alriksson-Schmidt, Ann/0000-0001-9430-263X FU National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [RO1 HD048629]; March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation [12-FY01-0098]; Centers for Disease Control FX Completion of this manuscript was supported in part by funding from the National Spina Bifida Program at the Centers for Disease Control and research grants from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (RO1 HD048629) and the March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation (12-FY01-0098). All authors after the first are listed in alphabetical order by last name; their contributions were similar. All correspondence should be sent to: Grayson N. Holmbeck, Loyola University Chicago, Department of Psychology, 1032 W. Sheridan Road, Chicago, IL 60660 (phone: 773-508-2967; fax: 773-508-8713) (gholmbe@luc.edu). NR 82 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0031-3955 J9 PEDIATR CLIN N AM JI Pediatr. Clin. N. Am. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 57 IS 4 BP 919 EP + DI 10.1016/j.pcl.2010.07.012 PG 17 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 672YH UT WOS:000283623300006 PM 20883882 ER PT J AU Fairman, AD Thibadeau, JK Dicianno, BE Parmanto, B AF Fairman, Andrea D. Thibadeau, Judy K. Dicianno, Brad E. Parmanto, Bambang TI Implementing a Specialty Electronic Medical Record to Document a Life-Course Developmental Model and Facilitate Clinical Interventions in Spina Bifida Clinics SO PEDIATRIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Electronic medical record; Spina bifida; Developmental model; Transition ID HEALTH; CARE; TRANSITION; ADULTHOOD AB This article describes the utility of a spina bifida-specific electronic medical record (SB EMR). Standardization and pooling of data through the SB EMR will facilitate development of increased knowledge for advancing interventions for SB treatment, rehabilitation, and support. Integration with a Web-based transition tool will enhance the efficiency and efficacy of interventions delivered by clinicians. The SB EMR may also be used by SB clinic staff to manage and monitor the developmental course SB through childhood and the adolescent years. Further, implementation of the SB EMR in conjunction with the life-course model will assist in the transition of young persons with SB to adult roles. C1 [Fairman, Andrea D.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Thibadeau, Judy K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Dicianno, Brad E.] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, HERL, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. [Dicianno, Brad E.] UPMC, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Parmanto, Bambang] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Hlth Informat Management, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Fairman, AD (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Forbes Tower,Suite 5044,3600 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM adf29@pitt.edu OI Dicianno, Brad/0000-0003-0738-0192 FU National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia FX This work was supported by the National Spina Bifida Program, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0031-3955 J9 PEDIATR CLIN N AM JI Pediatr. Clin. N. Am. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 57 IS 4 BP 959 EP + DI 10.1016/j.pcl.2010.07.015 PG 14 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 672YH UT WOS:000283623300009 PM 20883885 ER PT J AU Swanson, ME Dicianno, BE AF Swanson, Mark E. Dicianno, Brad E. TI Physiatrists and Developmental Pediatricians Working Together to Improve Outcomes in Children with Spina Bifida SO PEDIATRIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Spina bifida; Physiatry; Developmental pediatrics; Interdisciplinary care ID YOUNG-ADULTS; ADOLESCENTS; MYELOMENINGOCELE; HISTORY; OBESITY; FAMILY AB Based on the experience of 2 physicians from physiatry and developmental pediatrics, this article proposes a framework for improving care and outcomes for children with spina bifida. The combined skills of physiatrists and developmental pediatricians, along with other disciplines, can form the ideal team to manage the complex issues faced by this population. The developmental pediatrician is best suited for directing care for younger children through the elementary and middle school years, during which time behavioral and educational issues are prominent. As the child assumes more responsibility for self-management in adolescence, the physiatrist is ideally suited to provide major clinical input that improves functional outcomes. The addition of the discipline of physiatry to traditional, developmentally oriented pediatric interdisciplinary teams can add the much needed dimensions of activity and participation, and improve functional outcomes at the adult level by encouraging activities in adolescence that lead to full participation in adulthood. C1 [Swanson, Mark E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dicianno, Brad E.] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, HERL, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. [Dicianno, Brad E.] UPMC, Adult Spina Bifida Clin, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Swanson, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cfu9@cdc.gov OI Dicianno, Brad/0000-0003-0738-0192 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0031-3955 J9 PEDIATR CLIN N AM JI Pediatr. Clin. N. Am. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 57 IS 4 BP 973 EP + DI 10.1016/j.pcl.2010.07.016 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 672YH UT WOS:000283623300010 PM 20883886 ER PT J AU Nguyen, MD Perella, D Watson, B Marin, M Renwick, M Spain, CV AF Nguyen, Michael D. Perella, Dana Watson, Barbara Marin, Mona Renwick, Mia Spain, C. Victor TI Incremental Effectiveness of Second Dose Varicella Vaccination for Outbreak Control at an Elementary School in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 2006 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE varicella outbreak; varicella vaccination; vaccine effectiveness ID WILD-TYPE STRAINS; UNITED-STATES; SAFETY; IMMUNIZATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; RESPONSES; CHILDREN AB Background: In 2006, the Philadelphia Department of Public Health conducted an investigation of a varicella outbreak at an elementary school in which second-dose vaccination for outbreak control (VOC) was implemented. We evaluated the effectiveness of this intervention. Methods: Self-administered questionnaires collected varicella disease and vaccination information. Students eligible for second-dose VOC were 1-dose vaccine recipients without prior varicella disease. A breakthrough varicella case was defined as a maculopapulovesicular rash in a student with onset >42 days after 1-dose vaccination without other apparent cause. Vaccine effectiveness was evaluated using survival analysis techniques and analyzed by vaccine status (first dose versus second dose). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify statistical interactions and adjust for confounders. Results: The questionnaire response rate was 92% (342/370). Of the 286 eligible students, 187 (65%) received a second-dose VOC. The crude attack rate was 9/187 (5%) among second-dose VOC recipients; 43/99 (43%) among 1-dose recipients, and 5/6 (83%) among unvaccinated students. Second-dose VOC recipients had milder rashes, compared with 1-dose or unvaccinated students. The adjusted incremental second-dose vaccine effectiveness was 76% (95% confidence interval: 44%-90%) for students with classroom exposure. Incremental effectiveness was similar (79%) when we extended the immune response time from 4 days to 7 days after second-dose VOC. Conclusions: Second-dose VOC resulted in a substantial reduction in varicella incidence for students with classroom exposure. Until high rates of routine second-dose vaccine coverage are achieved, clinicians should consider second-dose VOC an appropriate intervention to reduce disease transmission in institution-based outbreaks. C1 [Nguyen, Michael D.; Perella, Dana; Watson, Barbara; Renwick, Mia; Spain, C. Victor] Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19146 USA. [Nguyen, Michael D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Marin, Mona] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Perella, D (reprint author), Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, 500 S Broad St,Floor 2, Philadelphia, PA 19146 USA. EM dana.perella@phila.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Merck Co, Inc FX Supported by The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funded the Philadelphia Department of Public Health through a cooperative agreement for Active Varicella Surveillance and Epidemiological Studies.; In July 2003, before the start of this study, the nonprofit foundation of the Philadelphia Department of Public Health, the Fund for Philadelphia, received consulting fees from Merck & Co, Inc, manufacturer of Varivax (R), a live varicella vaccine for a summary of active varicella surveillance data Ms Perella prepared. The Fund for Philadelphia also has received fees from Merck for Dr Watson's service on the company's speakers bureau and varicella vaccine advisory board. Dr. Spain conducted this study while employed at PDPH. Dr Spain is now affiliated with Merck & Co, Inc. All other authors have indicated they have no financial associations relevant to this article to disclose. NR 28 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 29 IS 8 BP 685 EP 689 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181d9f657 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 630ZF UT WOS:000280314900001 PM 20354463 ER PT J AU Fu, CX Wang, M Liang, JH Xu, JX Wang, CB Bialek, S AF Fu, Chuanxi Wang, Ming Liang, Jianhua Xu, Jianxiong Wang, Chengbin Bialek, Stephanie TI The Effectiveness of Varicella Vaccine in China SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE chickenpox; vaccine effectiveness; waning immunity ID HEALTHY-CHILDREN; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; ZOSTER-VIRUS; OUTBREAK; TIME; IMMUNIZATION; CHICKENPOX; EXPERIENCE; ANTIBODY; FAILURE AB Background: The attenuated live varicella vaccine had been shown to be effective in preventing varicella and reducing the disease burden in the United States. However, little work has been done on investigating vaccine effectiveness in China where 3 varicella vaccines are available. Although the vaccines contain the same strain of virus, the vaccines licensed in China were from manufacturers different from the one licensed in the United States. We conducted a matched case-control study to assess the effectiveness of the 3 varicella vaccines in use in China. Methods: In 2005, we enrolled 1000 cases from Guangzhou, China and 1000 controls matched by age and place of residence. The cases were children clinically diagnosed with acute onset of a diffuse maculopapulovesicular rash without other apparent cause. We interviewed the legal guardians of the participants for demographic information and disease history after obtaining informed consent. We collected information on vaccination status from electronic vaccination records. Results: The 3 varicella vaccines in China (Varilrix from GlaxoSmithKline, Changchun and Shanghai from Changchun and Shanghai Institutes of Biologic Products, respectively) had similar effectiveness: Varilrix 86.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] : 72.6, 93.2), Changchun 79.5% (95% CI: 58.1, 90.0), and Shanghai 92.6% (95% CI: 68.9, 98.2). Vaccine effectiveness was higher during the first year after vaccination than during the subsequent 5 years, but the differences did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: The varicella vaccines in China are highly effective in preventing clinical varicella. Further studies on laboratory-confirmed cases are needed to verify the change of vaccine-induced immunity over time. C1 [Fu, Chuanxi; Wang, Ming; Liang, Jianhua; Xu, Jianxiong] Guangzhou Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Wang, Chengbin; Bialek, Stephanie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fu, CX (reprint author), Guangzhou Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 23 Zhongshan San Rd, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM fuchuanxi@gmail.com; cwang1@cdc.gov FU Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong, China FX Supported by Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong, China. NR 36 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 29 IS 8 BP 690 EP 693 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181d7380e PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 630ZF UT WOS:000280314900002 PM 20216242 ER PT J AU Turabelidze, G Bowen, A Lin, M Tucker, A Butler, C Fick, F AF Turabelidze, George Bowen, Anna Lin, Mei Tucker, Allison Butler, Cindy Fick, Frank TI Convalescent Cultures for Control of Shigellosis Outbreaks SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE shigellosis; outbreak; convalescent; culture ID CARE-CENTERS AB Background: A shigellosis outbreak in the St Louis, Missouri metropolitan area. Objective: To evaluate the utility of a second convalescent stool culture following an initial negative convalescent stool culture among persons excluded from work or childcare for shigellosis. Methods: An observational study of 219 shigellosis cases. Laboratory-confirmed shigellosis patients who are required to submit 2 negative convalescent stool cultures before returning to childcare facilities or work and who submitted at least 1 culture were included in the study. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate potential risk factors for a convalescent stool culture being positive. Results: Of 308 persons, 219 (71%) submitted at least 1 convalescent stool culture, and 164 (53%) submitted 2 negative convalescent stool cultures. Among 172 cases with >= 2 follow-up cultures, the probability that the second test result would agree with the first test result was 7% for a "positive" initial stool culture, and 100% for a "negative" stool culture. When adjusted for age, sex, and child care attendance, treated case-patients who had Shigella organisms in the first convalescent culture were more likely to have had stool collected <48 hours after the treatment completion and were more likely to have been treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Conclusions: Compliance is poor with statutes requiring serial negative stool cultures among certain populations with shigellosis. Absence of Shigella species in the first convalescent stool culture of patients recovering from shigellosis appears to be an adequate measure of bacteriologic cure; however, the health impacts of requiring any convalescent cultures during shigellosis outbreaks remain unclear. C1 [Turabelidze, George; Lin, Mei; Butler, Cindy; Fick, Frank] Missouri Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Jefferson City, MO USA. [Turabelidze, George] Univ Missouri, Dept Child Hlth, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. [Bowen, Anna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tucker, Allison] St Louis Cty Dept Hlth, St Louis, MO USA. RP Turabelidze, G (reprint author), Missouri Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Eastern Dist Off, 220 S Jefferson St, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. EM george.turabelidze@dhss.mo.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 29 IS 8 BP 728 EP 730 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181e4ee6e PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 630ZF UT WOS:000280314900010 PM 20661101 ER PT J AU Freedman, DS Wang, YC Dietz, WH Xu, JH Srinivasan, SR Berenson, GS AF Freedman, David S. Wang, Y. Claire Dietz, William H. Xu, Ji-Hua Srinivasan, Sathanur R. Berenson, Gerald S. TI Changes and Variability in High Levels of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Among Children SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; children; tracking; variability; regression to the mean ID TO-DAY VARIABILITY; BOGALUSA-HEART; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; SERUM-LIPIDS; YOUNG FINNS; INTRAINDIVIDUAL VARIATION; ANALYTIC ERROR; BLOOD-PRESSURE; UNITED-STATES; LONG-TERM AB OBJECTIVE: A 2008 report from the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended both population and individual approaches (including pharmacologic interventions) for adolescents who had low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels above various cutoff points (130, 160, and 190 mg/dL). However, the tracking and variability of these very high levels have not been investigated. METHODS: A total of 6827 subjects underwent multiple LDL cholesterol determinations in childhood and adulthood in the Bogalusa Heart Study. The total number of determinations was 26 748, and the median interval between examinations was 3 years. RESULTS: Correlations between initial and subsequent LDL cholesterol levels ranged from r similar to 0.8 for measurements made within the same year to r similar to 0.5 for periods of >= 20 years. Most children who had very high LDL cholesterol levels, however, had substantially lower levels at the next examination. LDL cholesterol levels between 160 and 189 mg/dL (n = 201) decreased, on average, by 21 mg/dL at the next examination, whereas levels of >= 190 mg/dL (n = 44) decreased by 34 mg/dL. In contrast, the mean increase for LDL cholesterol levels of <70 mg/dL was 13 mg/dL. These changes were equal to those expected on the basis of regression to the mean. CONCLUSIONS: There can be large changes in extreme levels of LDL cholesterol because of regression to the mean, and practitioners should be aware that very high levels may decrease substantially in the absence of any intervention. Pediatrics 2010;126:266-273 C1 [Freedman, David S.; Dietz, William H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Wang, Y. Claire] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, New York, NY USA. [Xu, Ji-Hua; Srinivasan, Sathanur R.; Berenson, Gerald S.] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Tulane Ctr Cardiovasc Hlth, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Freedman, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, K-26,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dxf1@cdc.gov FU National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Institute on Aging [AG16592] FX Funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).; This work was supported by National Institute on Aging Grant AG16592. NR 39 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD AUG PY 2010 VL 126 IS 2 BP 266 EP 273 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-3454 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 634FO UT WOS:000280565700011 PM 20643721 ER PT J AU Shin, M Besser, LM Siffel, C Kucik, JE Shaw, GM Lu, CX Correa, A AF Shin, Mikyong Besser, Lilah M. Siffel, Csaba Kucik, James E. Shaw, Gary M. Lu, Chengxing Correa, Adolfo CA Congenital Anomaly Multistate TI Prevalence of Spina Bifida Among Children and Adolescents in 10 Regions in the United States SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th Annual Meeting of the Teratology-Society CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2008 CL Monterey, CA SP Teratol Soc DE spina bifida; prevalence; children; adolescents; epidemiology ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; FOLIC-ACID FORTIFICATION; HOUSTON HARRIS-COUNTY; HEALTH-CARE; BIRTH-DEFECTS; RISK-FACTORS; METROPOLITAN ATLANTA; HISPANIC ORIGIN; POPULATION; IMPACT AB OBJECTIVE: The goal was to estimate the number of children and adolescents, 0 to 19 years of age, living with spina bifida (SB) in the United States. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted by using population-based, birth defect surveillance data from 10 US regions, with vital status ascertainment. Birth defect surveillance data were obtained from Arkansas, Georgia (5 central counties of metropolitan Atlanta), California (11 counties), Colorado, Iowa, New York (New York City excluded), North Carolina, Oklahoma, Texas, and Utah. We estimated the numbers of children 0 to 19 years of age who were living with SB in the 10 US regions in 2002, according to age group, race/ethnicity, and gender, and examined a long-term trend in the prevalence of SB among children 0 to 11 years of age in 1991-2002. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of SB among children and adolescents 0 to 19 years of age in the study regions was 3.1 cases per 10 000 in 2002. The prevalence of SB among children was lower among male and non-Hispanic black children. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence estimates of SB among children and adolescents varied according to region, race/ethnicity, and gender, which suggests possible variations in prevalence at birth and/or inequities in survival rates. Additional studies are warranted to elucidate the reasons for these variations and to derive prevalence estimates of SB among adults. Pediatrics 2010;126:274-279 C1 [Shin, Mikyong; Besser, Lilah M.; Siffel, Csaba; Kucik, James E.; Lu, Chengxing; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shin, Mikyong; Lu, Chengxing] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Siffel, Csaba] Comp Sci Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shaw, Gary M.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatal & Dev Med, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Shin, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mshin@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD AUG PY 2010 VL 126 IS 2 BP 274 EP 279 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-2084 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 634FO UT WOS:000280565700013 PM 20624803 ER PT J AU Goodman, MJ Nordin, JD Belongia, EA Mullooly, JP Baggs, J AF Goodman, Michael J. Nordin, James D. Belongia, Edward A. Mullooly, John P. Baggs, James TI Henoch-Schonlein Purpura and Polysaccharide Meningococcal Vaccine SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE adolescent; adverse effects; databases; factual; meningococcal vaccines; purpura; Schonlein-Henoch; young adult ID INFLUENZA VACCINATION; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; DISEASE; ADULTS; VASCULITIS AB BACKGROUND: We describe here a case of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) that occurred 10 days after administration of the meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine and came to the attention of a Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) investigator (but did not occur in the VSD cohort). Periodic case reports have linked vaccines to HSP. OBJECTIVE: To better understand the potential risk for HSP after immunization with the meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied the VSD cohort to estimate the 42-day postvaccination incidence rate of HSP in the VSD population 16 to 20 years of age. Electronic data from all 8 VSD sites were gathered. All subjects aged 16 to 20 years who received a meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine were followed for 42 days after that vaccination for evidence of HSP. Background rates were determined by examining all the nonexposed time of the same cohort. RESULTS: No cases of HSP were seen in the 42 days after 49 027 doses of meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine among the entire VSD adolescent and young adult population. The background incidence rate was 4.2 per 100 000 person-years. CONCLUSION: These data provide the strongest evidence so far that HSP is not associated with receipt of meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine in the 16- to 20-year age group. Pediatrics 2010; 126: e325-e329 C1 [Nordin, James D.] HealthPartners Res Fdn, Minneapolis, MN 55440 USA. [Goodman, Michael J.] Univ Utah, Coll Pharm, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Belongia, Edward A.] Marshfield Clin Fdn Med Res & Educ, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Mullooly, John P.] Kaiser Permanente NW, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Baggs, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Nordin, JD (reprint author), HealthPartners Res Fdn, POB 1524,MS 21111R, Minneapolis, MN 55440 USA. EM james.d.nordin@healthpartners.com OI Baggs, James/0000-0003-0757-4683 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-00732] FX The VSD Study is funded through a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans under contract 200-2002-00732 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD AUG PY 2010 VL 126 IS 2 BP E325 EP E329 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-3195 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 634FO UT WOS:000280565700034 PM 20624811 ER PT J AU Huang, WT Gargiullo, PM Broder, KR Weintraub, ES Iskander, JK Klein, NP Baggs, JM AF Huang, Wan-Ting Gargiullo, Paul M. Broder, Karen R. Weintraub, Eric S. Iskander, John K. Klein, Nicola P. Baggs, James M. CA Vaccine Safety Datalink Team TI Lack of Association Between Acellular Pertussis Vaccine and Seizures in Early Childhood SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE vaccines; adverse reactions; pertussis; infant ID WHOLE-CELL PERTUSSIS; ADVERSE EVENTS; ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE; SAFETY; RUBELLA; MEASLES; UPDATE; MUMPS AB OBJECTIVES: Receipt of diphtheria-tetanus-whole-cell pertussis vaccine (diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-pertussis [DTP]) is associated with seizures. Limited population-based studies have been conducted on the risk for seizures after receipt of diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine (diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis [DTaP]). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study from 1997 through 2006 by using risk-interval cohort and self-controlled case series (SCCS) analyses on automated data at 7 managed care organizations that participate in the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD). Eligible children included the 1997-2006 VSD cohort of patients who were aged 6 weeks to 23 months and had not received DTP during the study period. A seizure event (febrile or afebrile) was defined by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnoses assigned to an inpatient or emergency department setting. The exposed period was composed of a predefined 4 person-days after each DTaP dose. All of the remaining observation periods outside the exposed periods were categorized as unexposed. The risk-interval cohort method compared the incidence of seizures between the exposed and unexposed cohorts. In the SCCS method, the comparison was performed between the same patient's exposed and unexposed period. RESULTS: We identified 7191 seizure events among 433 654 children. The adjusted incidence rate ratio of seizures across all doses was 0.87 in cohort analysis and 0.91 in SCCS analysis. CONCLUSIONS: We did not observe an increased risk for seizures after DTaP vaccination among children who were aged 6 weeks to 23 months. These findings provide reassuring evidence on the safety of DTaP with respect to seizures. Pediatrics 2010;126:e263-e269 C1 [Huang, Wan-Ting; Broder, Karen R.; Weintraub, Eric S.; Iskander, John K.; Baggs, James M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot Proposed, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Huang, Wan-Ting] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Career Dev Div, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gargiullo, Paul M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Klein, Nicola P.] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Klein, Nicola P.] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. RP Baggs, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot Proposed, Immunizat Safety Off, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jbaggs@cdc.gov RI Huang, Wan-Ting/E-3497-2010; OI Huang, Wan-Ting/0000-0002-4344-9567; Baggs, James/0000-0003-0757-4683 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-0732] FX This study was funded through a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans under contract 200-2002-0732 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD AUG PY 2010 VL 126 IS 2 BP E263 EP E269 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-1496 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 634FO UT WOS:000280565700010 PM 20643726 ER PT J AU Iskander, JK Hales, C El Bcheraoui, C Chen, RT AF Iskander, John K. Hales, Craig El Bcheraoui, Charbel Chen, Robert T. TI Trends of Oseltamivir Usage in the United States During the 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) Pandemic SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Iskander, John K.; Hales, Craig; El Bcheraoui, Charbel; Chen, Robert T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1053-8569 EI 1099-1557 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 19 SU 1 MA 19 BP S8 EP S9 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA V45OP UT WOS:000209826200020 ER PT J AU M'ikanatha, NM Localio, AR Fitzgerald, C Nachamkin, I AF M'ikanatha, Nkuchia M. Localio, A. Russell Fitzgerald, Collette Nachamkin, Irving TI Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni in the United States, 1997-2007 SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [M'ikanatha, Nkuchia M.] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [M'ikanatha, Nkuchia M.; Localio, A. Russell; Nachamkin, Irving] Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Harrisburg, PA USA. [Fitzgerald, Collette] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fitzgerald, Collette; Nachamkin, Irving] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1053-8569 EI 1099-1557 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 19 SU 1 MA 8 BP S4 EP S4 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA V45OP UT WOS:000209826200009 ER PT J AU Manthripragada, A Zhou, E Budnitz, D Lovegrove, M Willy, M AF Manthripragada, Angelika Zhou, Esther Budnitz, Daniel Lovegrove, Maribeth Willy, Mary TI Characterization of Acetaminophen Overdose-Related Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations in the United States SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 26th International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology and Therapeutic Risk Management CY AUG 19-22, 2010 CL Brighton, ENGLAND C1 [Manthripragada, Angelika; Zhou, Esther; Willy, Mary] FDA, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Budnitz, Daniel; Lovegrove, Maribeth] CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1053-8569 EI 1099-1557 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 19 SU 1 MA 591 BP S251 EP S251 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA V45OP UT WOS:000209826200568 ER PT J AU Qiang, Y Groom, A Redd, J Haberling, D Holman, R Jim, C Izurieta, H Sutherland, A Layne, L Cullen, T Cheek, J AF Qiang, Yandong Groom, Amy Redd, John Haberling, Dana Holman, Robert Jim, Cheyenne Izurieta, Hector Sutherland, Andrea Layne, Larry Cullen, Theresa Cheek, James TI Safety of the Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccine among the Indian Health Service User Population SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Qiang, Yandong; Haberling, Dana; Holman, Robert; Izurieta, Hector; Sutherland, Andrea] US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Groom, Amy; Jim, Cheyenne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Redd, John; Layne, Larry; Cullen, Theresa; Cheek, James] Indian Hlth Serv, Albuquerque, NM USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1053-8569 EI 1099-1557 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 19 SU 1 MA 775 BP S329 EP S329 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA V45OP UT WOS:000209826200745 ER PT J AU Reefhuis, J Honein, MA Schieve, LA Rasmussen, SA AF Reefhuis, Jennita Honein, Margaret A. Schieve, Laura A. Rasmussen, Sonja A. TI Clomiphene Citrate and Birth Defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study 1997-2005 SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 26th International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology and Therapeutic Risk Management CY AUG 19-22, 2010 CL Brighton, ENGLAND C1 [Reefhuis, Jennita; Honein, Margaret A.; Schieve, Laura A.; Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1053-8569 EI 1099-1557 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 19 SU 1 MA 567 BP S240 EP S241 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA V45OP UT WOS:000209826200544 ER PT J AU Ferguson, HM Dornhaus, A Beeche, A Borgemeister, C Gottlieb, M Mulla, MS Gimnig, JE Fish, D Killeen, GF AF Ferguson, Heather M. Dornhaus, Anna Beeche, Arlyne Borgemeister, Christian Gottlieb, Michael Mulla, Mir S. Gimnig, John E. Fish, Durland Killeen, Gerry F. TI Ecology: A Prerequisite for Malaria Elimination and Eradication SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID GENETICALLY-MODIFIED MOSQUITOS; INSECTICIDE-TREATED NETS; VECTOR-CONTROL; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; WESTERN KENYA; FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; BEDNET COVERAGE; LARVAL HABITATS; AEDES-AEGYPTI; TRANSMISSION C1 [Ferguson, Heather M.; Killeen, Gerry F.] Ifakara Hlth Inst, Biomed & Environm Themat Grp, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Ferguson, Heather M.] Univ Glasgow, Fac Biomed & Life Sci, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Dornhaus, Anna] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ USA. [Beeche, Arlyne] Int Dev Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Borgemeister, Christian] Int Ctr Insect Physiol & Ecol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Gottlieb, Michael] Fdn Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD USA. [Mulla, Mir S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Gimnig, John E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Chamblee, GA USA. [Fish, Durland] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol Microbial Dis, New Haven, CT USA. [Killeen, Gerry F.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Vector Grp, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. RP Ferguson, HM (reprint author), Ifakara Hlth Inst, Biomed & Environm Themat Grp, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. EM gkilleen@ihi.or.tz OI Ferguson, Heather/0000-0002-9625-5176 FU Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/D020042/1] NR 71 TC 117 Z9 117 U1 5 U2 49 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 7 IS 8 AR e1000303 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000303 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 645KV UT WOS:000281456500001 PM 20689800 ER PT J AU Flaxman, AD Fullman, N Otten, MW Menon, M Cibulskis, RE Ng, M Murray, CJL Lim, SS AF Flaxman, Abraham D. Fullman, Nancy Otten, Mac W., Jr. Menon, Manoj Cibulskis, Richard E. Ng, Marie Murray, Christopher J. L. Lim, Stephen S. TI Rapid Scaling Up of Insecticide-Treated Bed Net Coverage in Africa and Its Relationship with Development Assistance for Health: A Systematic Synthesis of Supply, Distribution, and Household Survey Data SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MALARIA CONTROL; CHILD SURVIVAL; MOSQUITO NET; ERITREA; EXPERIENCE; TANZANIA; PROGRESS; IMPACT AB Background: Development assistance for health (DAH) targeted at malaria has risen exponentially over the last 10 years, with a large fraction of these resources directed toward the distribution of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs). Identifying countries that have been successful in scaling up ITN coverage and understanding the role of DAH is critical for making progress in countries where coverage remains low. Sparse and inconsistent sources of data have prevented robust estimates of the coverage of ITNs over time. Methods and Principal Findings: We combined data from manufacturer reports of ITN deliveries to countries, National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) reports of ITNs distributed to health facilities and operational partners, and household survey data using Bayesian inference on a deterministic compartmental model of ITN distribution. For 44 countries in Africa, we calculated (1) ITN ownership coverage, defined as the proportion of households that own at least one ITN, and (2) ITN use in children under 5 coverage, defined as the proportion of children under the age of 5 years who slept under an ITN. Using regression, we examined the relationship between cumulative DAH targeted at malaria between 2000 and 2008 and the change in national-level ITN coverage over the same time period. In 1999, assuming that all ITNs are owned and used in populations at risk of malaria, mean coverage of ITN ownership and use in children under 5 among populations at risk of malaria were 2.2% and 1.5%, respectively, and were uniformly low across all 44 countries. In 2003, coverage of ITN ownership and use in children under 5 was 5.1% (95% uncertainty interval 4.6% to 5.7%) and 3.7% (2.9% to 4.9%); in 2006 it was 17.5% (16.4% to 18.8%) and 12.9% (10.8% to 15.4%); and by 2008 it was 32.8% (31.4% to 34.4%) and 26.6% (22.3% to 30.9%), respectively. In 2008, four countries had ITN ownership coverage of 80% or greater; six countries were between 60% and 80%; nine countries were between 40% and 60%; 12 countries were between 20% and 40%; and 13 countries had coverage below 20%. Excluding four outlier countries, each US$1 per capita in malaria DAH was associated with a significant increase in ITN household coverage and ITN use in children under 5 coverage of 5.3 percentage points (3.7 to 6.9) and 4.6 percentage points (2.5 to 6.7), respectively. Conclusions: Rapid increases in ITN coverage have occurred in some of the poorest countries, but coverage remains low in large populations at risk. DAH targeted at malaria can lead to improvements in ITN coverage; inadequate financing may be a reason for lack of progress in some countries. C1 [Flaxman, Abraham D.; Fullman, Nancy; Ng, Marie; Murray, Christopher J. L.; Lim, Stephen S.] Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Otten, Mac W., Jr.; Cibulskis, Richard E.] WHO, Surveillance Monitoring & Evaluat Global Malaria, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Menon, Manoj] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Flaxman, AD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM stevelim@u.washington.edu RI Ng, Marie/B-3430-2011; Lim, Stephen/B-4055-2012 FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation FX This study was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 39 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 7 IS 8 AR e1000328 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000328 PG 17 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 645KV UT WOS:000281456500012 PM 20808957 ER PT J AU Mansergh, G Koblin, BA McKirnan, DJ Hudson, SM Flores, SA Wiegand, RE Purcell, DW Colfax, GN AF Mansergh, Gordon Koblin, Beryl A. McKirnan, David J. Hudson, Sharon M. Flores, Stephen A. Wiegand, Ryan E. Purcell, David W. Colfax, Grant N. CA Project MIX Study Team TI An Intervention to Reduce HIV Risk Behavior of Substance-Using Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Two-Group Randomized Trial with a Nonrandomized Third Group SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; YOUNG MEN; BISEXUAL MEN; INFECTION; GAY; ASSOCIATIONS; ACQUISITION; ADHERENCE; EFFICACY; VIRUS AB Background: Substance use during sex is associated with sexual risk behavior among men who have sex with men (MSM), and MSM continue to be the group at highest risk for incident HIV in the United States. The objective of this study is to test the efficacy of a group-based, cognitive-behavioral intervention to reduce risk behavior of substance-using MSM, compared to a randomized attention-control group and a nonrandomized standard HIV-testing group. Methods and Findings: Participants (n = 1,686) were enrolled in Chicago, Los Angeles, New York City, and San Francisco and randomized to a cognitive-behavioral intervention or attention-control comparison. The nonrandomized group received standard HIV counseling and testing. Intervention group participants received six 2-h group sessions focused on reducing substance use and sexual risk behavior. Attention-control group participants received six 2-h group sessions of videos and discussion of MSM community issues unrelated to substance use, sexual risk, and HIV/AIDS. All three groups received HIV counseling and testing at baseline. The sample reported high-risk behavior during the past 3 mo prior to their baseline visit: 67% reported unprotected anal sex, and 77% reported substance use during their most recent anal sex encounter with a nonprimary partner. The three groups significantly (p < 0.05) reduced risk behavior (e. g., unprotected anal sex reduced by 32% at 12-mo follow-up), but were not different (p > 0.05) from each other at 3-, 6-, and 12-mo follow-up. Outcomes for the 2-arm comparisons were not significantly different at 12-mo follow-up (e. g., unprotected anal sex, odds ratio = 1.14, confidence interval = 0.86-1.51), nor at earlier time points. Similar results were found for each outcome variable in both 2- and 3-arm comparisons. Conclusions: These results for reducing sexual risk behavior of substance-using MSM are consistent with results of intervention trials for other populations, which collectively suggest critical challenges for the field of HIV behavioral interventions. Several mechanisms may contribute to statistically indistinguishable reductions in risk outcomes by trial group. More explicit debate is needed in the behavioral intervention field about appropriate scientific designs and methods. As HIV prevention increasingly competes for behavior-change attention alongside other "chronic'' diseases and mental health issues, new approaches may better resonate with at-risk groups. C1 [Mansergh, Gordon; Flores, Stephen A.; Wiegand, Ryan E.; Purcell, David W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Koblin, Beryl A.] New York Blood Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. [McKirnan, David J.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [McKirnan, David J.] Howard Brown Hlth Ctr, Chicago, IL USA. [Hudson, Sharon M.] Hlth Res Assoc, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Colfax, Grant N.] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Mansergh, G (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gmansergh@cdc.gov OI Purcell, David/0000-0001-8125-5168 FU Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, CDC, USA (Chicago) [U65/CCU522209]; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, CDC, USA (Los Angeles) [U65/CCU922215]; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, CDC, USA (New York) [U65/CCU222309]; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, CDC, USA (San Francisco) [U65/CCU922213] FX This work was funded by cooperative agreements from the Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, CDC, USA (http://www.cdc.gov), award numbers: U65/CCU522209 (Chicago); U65/CCU922215 (Los Angeles); U65/CCU222309 (New York); U65/CCU922213 (San Francisco). As a cooperative agreement award, the funders had an active role in study design, data analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 35 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 7 IS 8 AR e1000329 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000329 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 645KV UT WOS:000281456500013 PM 20811491 ER PT J AU Ishida, K AF Ishida, Kanako TI The Role of Ethnicity in Father Absence and Children's School Enrollment in Guatemala SO POPULATION RESEARCH AND POLICY REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Father absence; School enrollment; Ethnicity; Guatemala; Latin America ID FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS; FAMILY-STRUCTURE; REPRODUCTIVE-BEHAVIOR; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; NONRESIDENT FATHERS; LATIN-AMERICA; COSTA-RICA; SUPPORT; POVERTY; MOTHERS AB Despite the historical prevalence of single motherhood in Latin America and its rise in recent years, there is limited knowledge on the magnitude and consequences of father absence as experienced by children. Using a nationally representative sample from the 2002 Guatemalan Reproductive Health Survey, this study provides unprecedented documentation on the national prevalence of children's separate living arrangements from their biological fathers and nonresident fathers' paternity establishment and child support payments. Using random-intercept models, this study further demonstrates that father absence has a negative effect on the school enrollment of indigenous children of both sexes and Ladino male children. Increased poverty in father-absent households explains a smaller proportion of this adverse effect on indigenous children, suggesting that their fathers, when present, play a stronger social, rather than economic, role compared to their Ladino counterparts. Finally, child support payments attenuate the negative effects of father absence, particularly among Ladino male children. C1 [Ishida, Kanako] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Sociol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Ishida, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kanakoi@ucla.edu NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5923 J9 POPUL RES POLICY REV JI Popul. Res. Policy Rev. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 29 IS 4 BP 569 EP 591 DI 10.1007/s11113-009-9160-7 PG 23 WC Demography SC Demography GA 627VX UT WOS:000280072900007 ER PT J AU Adabonyan, I Loustalot, F Kruger, J Carlson, SA Fulton, JE AF Adabonyan, Ife Loustalot, Fleetwood Kruger, Judy Carlson, Susan A. Fulton, Janet E. TI Prevalence of highly active adults-Behavioral risk factor surveillance system, 2007 SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Guidelines and recommendations; Surveillance; Physical activity ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; UNITED-STATES; TELEPHONE; HEALTH AB Background. The 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (2008 Guidelines) included a novel aerobic physical activity standard, in excess of minimum standards, for more extensive health benefits (>300 minutes/week of moderate-intensity, 150 minutes/week of vigorous-intensity, or an equivalent combination). Prevalence estimates among US states have yet to be described for this new standard. Methods. Respondents self-reported physical activity in the 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System was used (n = 398,397). Total weekly aerobic activity was calculated for each respondent and 2008 Guidelines standards guided classification. Results. In 2007, 43.5% (95% CI: 43.1%-43.8%) of adults met the new 2008 Guidelines standard and were classified as highly active (male, 48.3%; female, 38.9%). Linear patterns were noted by age and education, where younger age and higher levels of education had a higher proportion of highly active. Non-Hispanic whites (45.7%) had a significantly higher proportion of highly active compared with non-Hispanic blacks (37.5%) and Hispanics (37.6%). Variations in estimates were noted among those categorized as sufficiently active, insufficiently active, and inactive. Conclusion. More than half of 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System respondents did not meet the new 2008 Guidelines standard. Aerobic activity levels commensurate with more extensive health benefits should be encouraged among US adults. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Adabonyan, Ife; Loustalot, Fleetwood; Kruger, Judy; Carlson, Susan A.; Fulton, Janet E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Loustalot, Fleetwood] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Loustalot, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,K-46, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM floustalot@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 51 IS 2 BP 139 EP 143 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.05.014 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 632UL UT WOS:000280454300008 PM 20561970 ER PT J AU Mitchell, S Bickmore, T Williams, C Forsythe, S Atrash, H Johnson, K Jack, B AF Mitchell, Suzanne Bickmore, Timothy Williams, Charles Forsythe, Shaula Atrash, Hani Johnson, Kay Jack, Brian TI Better clinical practice made possible by IT in reproductive health SO SALUD I CIENCIA LA Spanish DT Review DE preconcept on care; health information technology; infant mortality ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; AFRICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; PRECONCEPTION CARE; UNITED-STATES; OUTCOMES; RISK; COMMUNICATION; PREGNANCY; PROMOTION; PROGRAM AB In April 2006, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published clinical guidelines for preconception health and healthcare to promote improvements in pregnancy outcomes in the US However, integrating preconception care (PCC) into clinical practice has proven challenging to clinicians This is partly due to the perception that PCC is an add-on service rather than an integral aspect of primary care for women of reproductive age Provision of these services by primary care providers has been limited by the lack of development of clinical tools that would assist in the assessment of risk and intervention processes Novel developments in the field of Health Information Technology (HIT) are expanding opportunities for streamlining Important PCC services into routine medical encounters A review of developments in HIT as it relates to the delivery of PCC would help promote the provision of PCC services among clinicians C1 [Mitchell, Suzanne] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Atrash, Hani] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Johnson, Kay] Dartmouth Med Sch, Lebanon, NH USA. RP Mitchell, S (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02118 USA. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU SOC IBEROAMERICANA INFORMACION CIENTIFICA-S I I C PI BUENOS AIRES PA AVE BELGRANO 430-C1092AAR, BUENOS AIRES, 00000, ARGENTINA SN 1667-8982 J9 SALUD CIENC JI Salud Cienc. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 17 IS 7 BP 628 EP 632 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 660DI UT WOS:000282619200006 ER PT J AU Katz, DA Hogben, M Dooley, SW Golden, MR AF Katz, David A. Hogben, Matthew Dooley, Samuel W., Jr. Golden, Matthew R. TI Increasing Public Health Partner Services for Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Results of a Second National Survey SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID REFERRAL SERVICES; UNITED-STATES; SAN-FRANCISCO; HIV-INFECTION; NOTIFICATION; OUTCOMES; INDIVIDUALS; COLORADO; COVERAGE; COSTS AB Background: Recent US national efforts taken to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have emphasized HIV case-finding, including partner services (PS). Methods: We collected data on HIV PS procedures and outcomes in 2006 from health departments in US metropolitan areas with the highest number of cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, gonorrhea, chlamydial infection, and primary and secondary syphilis, and compared our results with the data collected through a similar study carried out in 2001. Results: Of the 71 eligible jurisdictions, 51 (72%) participated in this study. In 2006, health departments interviewed 11,270 (43%) of the 26,185 persons with newly reported HIV, which was an increase from the 32% reported in 2001 (P < 0.01). Among 10,498 potentially exposed partners, 2228 (21%) had been previously diagnosed with HIV, 803 (8%) were newly HIV-diagnosed, 3337 (32%) tested HIV-negative, and 4130 (39%) were not successfully notified, were notified but refused HIV testing and denied previous diagnosis, or did not have an outcome recorded. Combining data from all jurisdictions, public health staff needed to interview 13.6 persons with HIV to identify one new case of infection; this number was unchanged from 2001 (13.8; P = 0.75). Conclusion: In the United States, the proportion of persons diagnosed with HIV receiving PS has increased since 2001, whereas HIV case-finding yields have remained stable. Despite this, most people newly diagnosed with HIV still do not receive PS. C1 [Katz, David A.] Univ Washington, Int AIDS Res & Training Program, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Hogben, Matthew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dooley, Samuel W., Jr.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Golden, Matthew R.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Golden, Matthew R.] Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, Seattle, WA USA. RP Katz, DA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Int AIDS Res & Training Program, Dept Epidemiol, 325 9th Ave,Box 359909, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM dkatz7@u.washington.edu NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 37 IS 8 BP 469 EP 475 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181e7104d PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 631HW UT WOS:000280338400001 PM 20661113 ER PT J AU Ehlman, DC Jackson, M Saenz, G Novak, DS Kachur, R Heath, JT Furness, BW AF Ehlman, Daniel C. Jackson, Marcus Saenz, Gonzalo Novak, David S. Kachur, Rachel Heath, John T. Furness, Bruce W. TI Evaluation of an Innovative Internet-based Partner Notification Program for Early Syphilis Case Management, Washington, DC, January 2007-June 2008 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; MEN; SEX; RISK; HIV; ONLINE; GAY AB Background: The Internet has become a common venue for meeting sex partners and planning participation in risky sexual behavior. In this article, we evaluate the first 18 months of the Washington, DC, Department of Health Internet-based Partner Notification (IPN) program for early syphilis infections, using the standard Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Disease Investigation Specialist (DIS) disposition codes, as well as Washington, DC, Department of Health's IPN-specific outcomes for pseudonymous partners. Methods: We analyzed DIS disposition codes and IPN-specific outcomes from all early syphilis investigations initiated January 2007-June 2008. Internet partners were defined as sex partners for whom syphilis exposure notification was initiated by e-mail because no other locating information existed. If the e-mails resulted in additional locating information, we used the standard CDC disposition codes. Alternatively, the following IPN-specific outcomes were used: Informed of Syphilis Exposure, Informed of General STD Exposure, Not Informed or Unable to Confirm Receipt of General STD Exposure. Results: From the 361 early syphilis patients, a total of 888 sex partners were investigated, of which 381 (43%) were via IPN. IPN led to an 8% increase in the overall number of syphilis patients with at least one treated sex partner, 26% more sex partners being medically examined and treated if necessary, and 83% more sex partners notified of their STD exposure. Conclusions: IPN augmented traditional syphilis case management and aided in the location, notification, testing, and treatment of partners. Conversely, without IPN, these 381 partners would not have been investigated. C1 [Ehlman, Daniel C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Prevent Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jackson, Marcus; Saenz, Gonzalo] STD Control Program, Dept Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Novak, David S.; Kachur, Rachel; Heath, John T.; Furness, Bruce W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Furness, BW (reprint author), DOH HAA Bur STD Control, 64 New York Ave NE,1st Floor, Washington, DC 20002 USA. EM bff0@cdc.gov FU Adam4Adam and Manhunt(TM) FX The authors thank The Massachusetts Department of Health for the use of its IPN protocol, on which DC's is based. The authors also thank Stephan Adelson, Beau Gratzer, Daniel Pohl, and Jemima Talbot for their technical support to the DC protocol; and Marvin Fleming, Matthew Hogben, Mary McFarlane, and Thomas Peterman for providing feedback on earlier versions of the manuscript. The authors also thank Adam4Adam and Manhunt (TM) websites for their support of public health initiatives; and DCDOH staff, especially the DIS, who helped launch and execute this program. NR 26 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 37 IS 8 BP 478 EP 485 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181e212cb PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 631HW UT WOS:000280338400003 PM 20539261 ER PT J AU Owusu-Edusei, K Doshi, SR Apt, BS Gift, TL AF Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr. Doshi, Sonal R. Apt, Betty S. Gift, Thomas L. TI The Direct Cost of Chlamydial Infections: Estimates for the Employer-Sponsored Privately Insured Population in the United States, 2003-2007 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; ADMINISTRATIVE DATA; HIV-INFECTION; PREVENTION; WOMEN AB Claims data between 2003 and 2007 were used to estimate the direct medical cost per case of chlamydial infections. Estimated total cost per episode for those who were treated was $142 (male, $157; female, $141). This estimate does not include intangible cost, lost productivity, and the cost of potential sequelae. C1 [Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr.; Doshi, Sonal R.; Apt, Betty S.; Gift, Thomas L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Owusu-Edusei, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Kowusuedusei@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 37 IS 8 BP 519 EP 521 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181d73e4c PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 631HW UT WOS:000280338400011 PM 20414145 ER PT J AU Gallo, MF Sharma, A Bukusi, EA Njoroge, B Nguti, R Jamieson, DJ Bell, AJ Eschenbach, DA AF Gallo, Maria F. Sharma, Anjali Bukusi, Elizabeth A. Njoroge, Betty Nguti, Rosemary Jamieson, Denise J. Bell, April J. Eschenbach, David A. TI Intravaginal practices among female sex workers in Kibera, Kenya SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS; HIV-INFECTION; AFRICAN WOMEN; RISK-FACTORS; ASSOCIATION; HEALTH; DOUCHE AB Objectives To assess vaginal cleansing and lubricant use among female sex workers (FSW) in Kenya participating in a 6-month, prospective study of the acceptability of the use of the diaphragm. Methods The study is based on 140 FSW in Nairobi, who completed 140 baseline visits and 390 bi-monthly follow-up visits. Participants were instructed to wear the diaphragm for all coital acts during follow-up and to refrain from vaginal cleansing while wearing the diaphragm. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of recent vaginal cleansing to 'tighten' the vagina reported at baseline; recent vaginal cleansing to prevent infection reported at baseline; recent vaginal cleansing with the diaphragm in place reported during follow-up; and recent use of oil-based lubricant during coitus reported at baseline. Results At baseline, 99% of women reported vaginal cleansing in the previous 2 weeks for purposes of hygiene or to remove evidence of past coitus. Approximately 41% of women also reported cleansing in the past 2 weeks to 'tighten' the vagina. Women reported vaginal cleansing with the diaphragm in place in the past 2 weeks at 14% of follow-up visits in which the diaphragm was used. Predictors of such cleansing included young age, 6-month study visit, being divorced or widowed and higher educational level. Conclusions While vaginal cleansing is a modifiable behaviour, given that cleansing for hygiene was almost universal among this study population at baseline and that more women reported cleansing while wearing the diaphragm as the study progressed, the complete eradication of the practice would probably be difficult. C1 [Gallo, Maria F.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Bell, April J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sharma, Anjali; Bukusi, Elizabeth A.; Njoroge, Betty] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Microbiol Res, Nairobi, Kenya. [Sharma, Anjali; Bukusi, Elizabeth A.; Eschenbach, David A.] Univ Washington, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sharma, Anjali] Univ Washington, Int Training & Educ Ctr HIV I TECH, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bukusi, Elizabeth A.; Njoroge, Betty] Univ Nairobi, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Nguti, Rosemary] Univ Nairobi, Sch Math, Nairobi, Kenya. [Bukusi, Elizabeth A.] Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Gallo, MF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mgallo@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), US Agency for International Development; CONRAD FX This study was funded by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through an interagency agreement with the US Agency for International Development and CONRAD. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organisations imply endorsement by the US government. NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 86 IS 4 BP 318 EP 322 DI 10.1136/sti.2009.040345 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 631QV UT WOS:000280363600016 PM 20410077 ER PT J AU Dunkel, SB Kistner, JA David-Ferdon, C AF Dunkel, Stephanie B. Kistner, Janet A. David-Ferdon, Corinne TI Unraveling the Source of African American Children's Positively Biased Perceptions of Peer Acceptance SO SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE ethnicity; bias; accuracy; peer relations ID ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; BLACK-WHITE DIFFERENCES; SELF-PERCEPTIONS; RACIAL SOCIALIZATION; ETHNIC SOCIALIZATION; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS; THREATENED EGOTISM; DARK SIDE; ESTEEM; AGGRESSION AB The present study investigated possible ethnic contributions to overly positive self-perceptions in middle childhood. The goals of this study were threefold. First, the present study sought to replicate the intriguing findings reported by Zakriski and Coie that African American children overestimate their acceptance, and European American children underestimate acceptance by other-ethnicity peers. Second, this study examined possible explanations for ethnic differences in the pattern of perceptual bias. Finally, this study extended prior research by examining ethnic differences in the accuracy of children's perceived peer acceptance. Archival data consisting of 826 children in third (N = 284), fourth (N = 241), and fifth grades (N = 301) were used in the present investigation; 237 of which were African American children, and 589 were European American children. Results of this study replicated the findings of Zakriski and Coie. Moreover, African Americans' overestimation and European Americans' underestimation of acceptance by other-ethnicity peers was found to be attributable to more positive views of self and others among African American children relative to European American children. Finally, children were found to be more accurate about judging their acceptance by peers of the same ethnicity than those of a different ethnicity. Possible explanations of what causes African American children to have more positive views of self and others than European American children are discussed. C1 [Dunkel, Stephanie B.] Florida State Univ, Dept Psychol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [David-Ferdon, Corinne] CDC, Coordinating Ctr Environm Hlth & Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dunkel, SB (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Psychol, 1107 W Call St, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM dunkel@psy.fsu.edu NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0961-205X J9 SOC DEV JI Soc. Dev. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 19 IS 3 BP 556 EP 576 DI 10.1111/j.1467-9507.2009.00554.x PG 21 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA 612VV UT WOS:000278934100007 ER PT J AU Peytchev, A Carley-Baxter, LR Black, MC AF Peytchev, Andy Carley-Baxter, Lisa R. Black, Michele C. TI Coverage Bias in Variances, Associations, and Total Error From Exclusion of the Cell Phone-Only Population in the United States SO SOCIAL SCIENCE COMPUTER REVIEW LA English DT Article DE mobile phone surveys; cell phone surveys; landline surveys; coverage bias; coverage error; MSE ID TELEPHONE SERVICE; NONRESPONSE BIAS; RDD SURVEYS; IMPACT AB Although landline telephone household surveys often draw inference about the general population, a proportion with only cell phones is excluded. In the United States, like in much of the world, this proportion is substantial and increasing, providing potential for coverage bias. Studies have looked at bias in means, but undercoverage can affect other essential statistics. The precision of point estimates can be biased, leading to erroneous conclusions. Research examining multivariate relationships will be further affected by bias in associations. A national landline telephone survey was conducted, followed by a survey of adults with only cell phones. In addition to estimates of means and proportions, differences were found for variances and associations. Bias in some point estimates was reduced through poststratification but became larger and in opposite direction for others. Different uses of survey data can be affected by omitting the cell-only population, and reliance on postsurvey adjustments can be misleading. C1 [Peytchev, Andy] RTI Int, Program Res Survey Methodol, Survey Res Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Black, Michele C.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Peytchev, A (reprint author), RTI Int, Program Res Survey Methodol, Survey Res Div, 3040 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM andrey@umich.edu; lcbaxter@rti.org; mcl2@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Research Triangle Institute FX The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) Pilot Study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Work on this manuscript was in part supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and by the Research Triangle Institute. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0894-4393 J9 SOC SCI COMPUT REV JI Soc. Sci. Comput. Rev. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 28 IS 3 BP 287 EP 302 DI 10.1177/0894439309353027 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Information Science & Library Science; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 625BW UT WOS:000279868000002 ER PT J AU Jenner, E Jenner, LW Matthews-Sterling, M Butts, JK Williams, TE AF Jenner, Eric Jenner, Lynne Woodward Matthews-Sterling, Maya Butts, Jessica K. Williams, Trina Evans TI Awareness Effects of a Youth Suicide Prevention Media Campaign in Louisiana SO SUICIDE AND LIFE-THREATENING BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article ID MASS-MEDIA; INTERVENTIONS; MESSAGES; SMOKING; HEALTH; RISK AB Research on the efficacy of mediated suicide awareness campaigns is limited. The impacts of a state-wide media campaign on call volumes to a national hotline were analyzed to determine if the advertisements have raised awareness of the hotline. We use a quasi-experimental design to compare call volumes from ZIP codes where and when the campaign is active with those where and when the campaign is not active. Multilevel model estimates suggest that the campaign appears to have significantly and substantially increased calls to the hotline. Results from this study add evidence to the growing public health literature that suggests that mediated campaigns can be an effective tool for raising audience awareness. C1 [Jenner, Eric; Jenner, Lynne Woodward; Matthews-Sterling, Maya] Policy & Res Grp, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Butts, Jessica K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Williams, Trina Evans] Louisiana Dept Hlth & Hosp, Baton Rouge, LA 70821 USA. RP Jenner, E (reprint author), Policy & Res Grp, 8434 Oak St, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. EM ejenner@policyandresearch.com NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0363-0234 J9 SUICIDE LIFE-THREAT JI Suicide Life-Threat. Behav. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 40 IS 4 BP 394 EP 406 PG 13 WC Psychiatry; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 640RX UT WOS:000281071000010 PM 20822366 ER PT J AU Klemets, P Lyytikainen, O Ruutu, P Ollgren, J Kaijalainen, T Leinonen, M Nuorti, JP AF Klemets, Peter Lyytikainen, Outi Ruutu, Petri Ollgren, Jukka Kaijalainen, Tarja Leinonen, Maija Nuorti, J. Pekka TI Risk of invasive pneumococcal infections among working age adults with asthma SO THORAX LA English DT Article ID HOSPITAL DISCHARGE REGISTER; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; COPD; PREVALENCE; VACCINATION; VALIDITY; FINLAND AB Background Information about the risk of invasive pneumococcal infection (IPI) among adults with asthma is limited and inconsistent. To evaluate this association, a population-based case-control study was conducted. Methods Cases of IPI (Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from blood or cerebrospinal fluid) were identified through national, population-based laboratory surveillance during 1995-2002. To maximise exclusion of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the analysis was limited to patients aged 18-49 years and 10 selected age-, sex-and health district-matched controls for each case from the Population Information System. Information on underlying medical conditions was obtained through linking surveillance data to other national health registries. Asthma requiring >= 1 hospitalisation in the past 12 months was defined as high risk asthma (HRA); low risk asthma (LRA) was defined as entitlement to prescription drug benefits and no hospitalisation for asthma in the past 12 months. Results 1282 patients with IPI and 12 785 control subjects were identified. Overall, 7.1% of cases and 2.5% of controls had asthma (6.0% and 2.4% had LRA whereas 1.1% and 0.1% had HRA, respectively. After adjustment for other independent risk factors in a conditional logistic regression model, IPI was associated with both LRA (matched OR (mOR) 2.8; 95% CI 2.1 to 3.6) and HRA (mOR, 12.3; 95% CI 5.4 to 28.0). The adjusted population-attributable risk was 0.039 (95% CI 0.023 to 0.055) for LRA and 0.01 (95% CI 0.0035 to 0.017) for HRA. Conclusions Working age adults with asthma are at increased risk of IPI. In this population, similar to 5% of disease burden could be attributed to asthma. These findings support adding medicated asthma in adults to the list of indications for pneumococcal vaccination. C1 [Klemets, Peter; Lyytikainen, Outi; Ruutu, Petri; Ollgren, Jukka; Nuorti, J. Pekka] Natl Inst Hlth & Welf THL, Dept Infect Dis Surveillance & Control, Helsinki, Finland. RP Nuorti, JP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop C-23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pnuorti@cdc.gov OI Ollgren, Jukka/0000-0003-0765-4392 NR 26 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0040-6376 J9 THORAX JI Thorax PD AUG PY 2010 VL 65 IS 8 BP 698 EP 702 DI 10.1136/thx.2009.132670 PG 5 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 633TB UT WOS:000280527600008 PM 20685743 ER PT J AU Clump, DA Yu, JJ Cho, YJ Gao, R Jett, J Zot, H Cunnick, JM Snyder, B Clump, AC Dodrill, M Gannett, P Coad, JE Shurina, R Figg, WD Reed, E Flynn, DC AF Clump, David A. Yu, Jing Jie Cho, YoungJin Gao, Rui Jett, John Zot, Henry Cunnick, Jess M. Snyder, Brandi Clump, Anne C. Dodrill, Melissa Gannett, Peter Coad, James E. Shurina, Robert Figg, W. Douglas Reed, Eddie Flynn, Daniel C. TI A Polymorphic Variant of AFAP-110 Enhances cSrc Activity SO TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLECKSTRIN-HOMOLOGY DOMAIN; ACTIN-FILAMENT INTEGRITY; OVARIAN-CANCER CELLS; INOSITOL PHOSPHATES; SIGNALING PROTEINS; TYROSINE KINASE; ACTIVATED SRC; PH DOMAIN; PHOSPHORYLATION; ABILITY AB Enhanced expression and activity of cSrc are associated with ovarian cancer progression. Generally, cSrc does not contain activating mutations; rather, its activity is increased in response to signals that affect a conformational change that releases its auto-inhibition. In this report, we analyzed ovarian cancer tissues for the expression of a cSrc-activating protein, AFAP-110. AFAP-110 activates cSrc through a direct interaction that releases it from its autoinhibited conformation. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a concomitant increase of AFAP-110 and cSrc in ovarian cancer tissues. An analysis of the AFAP-110 coding sequence revealed the presence of a nonsynonymous, single-nucleotide polymorphism that resulted in a change of Ser403 to Cys403. In cells that express enhanced levels of cSrc, AFAP-110(403C) directed the activation of cSrc and the formation of podosomes independently of input signals, in contrast to wild-type AFAP-110. We therefore propose that, under conditions of cSrc overexpression, the polymorphic variant of AFAP-110 promotes cSrc activation. Further, these data indicate a mechanism by which an inherited genetic variation could influence ovarian cancer progression and could be used to predict the response to targeted therapy. C1 [Clump, David A.; Yu, Jing Jie; Cho, YoungJin; Cunnick, Jess M.; Snyder, Brandi; Clump, Anne C.; Dodrill, Melissa; Flynn, Daniel C.] W Virginia Univ, Mary Babb Randolph Canc Ctr, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Clump, David A.; Cho, YoungJin; Clump, Anne C.; Dodrill, Melissa] W Virginia Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Cell Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Yu, Jing Jie; Snyder, Brandi] W Virginia Univ, Dept Biochem, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Gao, Rui; Figg, W. Douglas] NCI, Mol Pharmacol Sect, Med Oncol Branch, Ctr Canc Res,NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Jett, John; Gannett, Peter] W Virginia Univ, Dept Basic Pharmaceut Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Zot, Henry] Univ W Georgia, Dept Biol, Carrollton, GA USA. [Cunnick, Jess M.; Coad, James E.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Pathol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Shurina, Robert] Wheeling Jesuit Univ, Dept Biol, Wheeling, WV USA. [Reed, Eddie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, CoCHP, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Flynn, DC (reprint author), Commonwealth Med Coll, 501 Madison Ave, Scranton, PA 18510 USA. EM dflynn@tcmedc.org RI Gannett, Peter/J-3347-2015; Figg Sr, William/M-2411-2016 OI Gannett, Peter/0000-0002-7859-5468; FU National Institutes of Health [CA60731, RR16440]; Pardee Foundation; West Virginia University FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (CA60731 and RR16440), the Pardee Foundation (D.C.F.), and the West Virginia University Medical Scientists Training Program (D.A.C.). The authors declare no conflict of interest. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU NEOPLASIA PRESS PI ANN ARBOR PA 1150 W MEDICAL CENTER DR, MSRB III, RM 9303, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-0648 USA SN 1936-5233 J9 TRANSL ONCOL JI Transl. Oncol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 3 IS 4 BP 276 EP U93 DI 10.1593/tlo.10106 PG 12 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 736LE UT WOS:000288495400008 PM 20689769 ER PT J AU Vernon, A AF Vernon, A. TI CDC's Tuberculosis Trials Consortium SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Vernon, A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD AUG PY 2010 VL 15 IS 8 BP S28 EP S28 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 626BE UT WOS:000279939900102 ER PT J AU Mills, JN Fulhorst, CF AF Mills, James N. Fulhorst, Charles F. TI Small Mammal-Associated Zoonoses SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Mills, James N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fulhorst, Charles F.] Univ Texas Med Branch Galveston, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. RP Mills, JN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent MS G 14, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM WildlifeDisease@gmail.com; cfulhors@utmb.edu NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 10 IS 6 BP 547 EP 547 DI 10.1089/vbz.2010.1503 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 644XD UT WOS:000281414500001 PM 20795915 ER PT J AU Mills, JN Amman, BR Glass, GE AF Mills, James N. Amman, Brian R. Glass, Gregory E. TI Ecology of Hantaviruses and Their Hosts in North America SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Ecology; Hantavirus; Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome; North America; Predictive models; Reservoir; Rodents; Sin Nombre virus ID SIN-NOMBRE-VIRUS; SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; CREEK-CANAL VIRUS; MICE PEROMYSCUS-MANICULATUS; SMALL MAMMAL COMMUNITIES; MALE NORWAY RATS; PULMONARY SYNDROME; DEER MICE; GENETIC IDENTIFICATION; SEOUL-VIRUS AB Since the 1993 discovery of a highly pathogenic hantavirus associated with the North American deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), intensive ecological studies have led to many advances in our understanding of the natural history of New World hantaviruses as it relates to human disease. Seventeen named hantaviruses have been identified in North America. Field and laboratory studies of Sin Nombre and other hantaviruses have delineated host associations, geographical distributions, mechanisms of transmission, temporal infection dynamics of these viruses in host populations, and environmental factors that influence these dynamics. Using data from these studies, preliminary predictive models of the risk of hantavirus infection to humans have been developed. Improved models using satellite-derived data are under development. Multidisciplinary collaboration, integration of field and laboratory studies, and establishment and maintenance of long-term monitoring studies will be critical to continued advancement in the understanding of hantavirus-host ecology and disease prevention in humans. C1 [Mills, James N.; Amman, Brian R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonotic Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Glass, Gregory E.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, W Harry Feinstone Dept Mol Microbiol, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Mills, JN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonoses Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jmills@cdc.gov NR 94 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 27 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 10 IS 6 BP 563 EP 574 DI 10.1089/vbz.2009.0018 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 644XD UT WOS:000281414500003 ER PT J AU Carver, S Mills, JN Kuenzi, A Flietstra, T Douglass, R AF Carver, Scott Mills, James N. Kuenzi, Amy Flietstra, Timothy Douglass, Richard TI Sampling Frequency Differentially Influences Interpretation of Zoonotic Pathogen and Host Dynamics: Sin Nombre Virus and Deer Mice SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE emerging infectious disease; hantavirus; Peromyscus maniculatus; population dynamics; sampling interval; Sin Nombre virus; wildlife diseases; zoonoses ID HANTAVIRUS RESERVOIR POPULATIONS; MOUSE PEROMYSCUS-MANICULATUS; SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; ROSS RIVER VIRUS; CLETHRIONOMYS-GLAREOLUS; ANTIBODY PREVALENCE; SMALL MAMMALS; LONG-TERM; MONTANA; AUSTRALIA AB Reports of novel emerging and resurging wildlife and zoonotic diseases have increased. Consequently, integration of pathogen sampling into wildlife monitoring programs has grown. Sampling frequency influences interpretations of coupled host-pathogen dynamics, with direct implication to human exposure risk, but has received little empirical attention. To address this, a 15-year study, based on monthly sampling, of deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) populations and Sin Nombre virus (SNV; a virulent disease in humans) dynamics was evaluated. Estimates of deer mouse abundance, number infected with SNV, and SNV prevalence from sampling less frequently than each month (achieved by deletion of months and recalculation of these parameters) were compared to monthly sampling frequencies. Deer mouse abundance was underestimated (10%-20%), SNV prevalence was overestimated when prevalence was high (>15%), and fewer annual extremes of abundance and infection were detected when sampling frequency was less than monthly. Effort necessary to detect temporal dynamics of SNV differed from effort to detect demographic patterns in deer mouse abundance. Findings here are applicable to sampling strategies for other host-pathogen dynamics and have direct implications for allocation of public health resources and intervention programs. C1 [Carver, Scott; Kuenzi, Amy; Douglass, Richard] Montana Tech Univ Montana, Dept Biol, Butte, MT 59701 USA. [Mills, James N.; Flietstra, Timothy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Carver, S (reprint author), Montana Tech Univ Montana, Dept Biol, 1300 Pk St, Butte, MT 59701 USA. EM scarver@mtech.edu RI Carver, Scott/J-7654-2014 OI Carver, Scott/0000-0002-3579-7588 FU NIH, National Center for Research Resources [P20 RR16455-06-07, P20 RR16455-06-08]; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA FX We thank the private ranch owner at Cascade for allowing us access to his property. Numerous individuals provided valuable assistance in the field, including K. Coffin, R. Van Horn, C. Rognli, T. Wilson, W. Semmens, K. Hughes, A. Skypala, D. Waltee, B. Lonner, J. Wilson, A. Leary, J. Bertoglio, A. Alvarado, K. Richardson, and F. Arneson. K. Wagner provided database support, encouragement, and general advice. S. Zantos provided valuable laboratory assistance. Financial support was provided by NIH Grant P20 RR16455-06-07,08 from the INBRE-BRIN program of the National Center for Research Resources and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, through cooperative agreement. This work followed all relevant environmental and institutional regulations in the collection of data presented here. The findings and conclusions presented here are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agencies. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 10 IS 6 BP 575 EP 583 DI 10.1089/vbz.2009.0222 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 644XD UT WOS:000281414500004 PM 20528169 ER PT J AU Billings, AN Rollin, PE Milazzo, ML Molina, CP Eyzaguirre, EJ Livingstone, W Ksiazek, TG Fulhorst, CF AF Billings, Adrian N. Rollin, Pierre E. Milazzo, Mary L. Molina, Claudia P. Eyzaguirre, Eduardo J. Livingstone, Walter Ksiazek, Thomas G. Fulhorst, Charles F. TI Pathology of Black Creek Canal Virus Infection in Juvenile Hispid Cotton Rats (Sigmodon hispidus) SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Black Creek Canal virus; Hantavirus; hispid cotton rat; Sigmodon hispidus ID MOUSE PEROMYSCUS-MANICULATUS; CLETHRIONOMYS-GLAREOLUS; AMERICAN HANTAVIRUS; ETIOLOGIC AGENT; PATHOGENESIS; RESERVOIR; LEUCOPUS; FLORIDA; MODEL; MICE AB The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of inoculum dose on the pathogenesis of Black Creek Canal virus (BCCV) infection in the hispid cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus), the principal host of BCCV. No sign of illness was observed in any of the 52 juvenile hispid cotton rats inoculated with 3.1, 1.1, -0.9, or -2.9 log(10) median infectious doses(VeroE6) (ID(50-VeroE6)) of BCCV and euthanized on day 9, 18, 27, or 54 postinoculation (PI). Analysis of virus assay and serological data indicated that inoculum dose could significantly affect the pathogenesis of BCCV infection in juvenile hispid cotton rats. For example, the six animals inoculated with 3.1 or 1.1 log(10) ID(50-VeroE6) and euthanized on day 54 PI were virus positive and antibody positive, whereas the six animals inoculated with -0.9 or -2.9 log(10) ID(50-VeroE6) and euthanized on day 54 PI were virus positive but antibody negative. Microscopic examination of tissues from the animals inoculated with 3.1 or 1.1 log(10) ID(50-VeroE6) revealed diffuse, subacute pneumonitis in the lungs of all the animals euthanized on day 18 PI or thereafter, and indicated that the severity of pneumonitis was dependent upon inoculum dose as well as duration of infection (i.e., amount of time elapsed since inoculation). C1 [Billings, Adrian N.; Milazzo, Mary L.; Molina, Claudia P.; Eyzaguirre, Eduardo J.; Ksiazek, Thomas G.; Fulhorst, Charles F.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Livingstone, Walter] Florida Dept Hlth, Miami Dade Cty Hlth Dept, S Miami, FL USA. RP Fulhorst, CF (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, 301 Univ Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM cfulhors@utmb.edu FU National Institutes of Health [AI-39800, AI-67947]; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston [AI-39800] FX Gary Reynolds (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA) assisted with the husbandry of the experimentally infected animals. National Institutes of Health Grants AI-39800 and AI-67947 provided financial support for this research. Salary support for Adrian Billings was from the Jeanne B. Kempner Fellowship fund (University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston) as well as National Institutes of Health Grant AI-39800. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 10 IS 6 BP 621 EP 628 DI 10.1089/vbz.2009.0156 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 644XD UT WOS:000281414500010 PM 20455779 ER PT J AU Colton, L Zeidner, N Lynch, T Kosoy, MY AF Colton, Leah Zeidner, Nordin Lynch, Tarah Kosoy, Michael Y. TI Human isolates of Bartonella tamiae induce pathology in experimentally inoculated immunocompetent mice SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CAT-SCRATCH DISEASE; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; HENSELAE INFECTION; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; T-CELLS; BLOOD; MYOCARDITIS; HOST; DOGS; LYMPHADENITIS AB Background: Bartonella tamiae, a newly described bacterial species, was isolated from the blood of three hospitalized patients in Thailand. These patients presented with headache, myalgia, anemia, and mild liver function abnormalities. Since B. tamiae was presumed to be the cause of their illness, these isolates were inoculated into immunocompetent mice to determine their relative pathogenicity in inducing manifestations of disease and pathology similar to that observed in humans. Methods: Three groups of four Swiss Webster female mice aged 15-18 months were each inoculated with 10(6-7) colony forming units of one of three B. tamiae isolates [Th239, Th307, and Th339]. A mouse from each experimental group was sampled at 3, 4, 5 and 6 weeks post-inoculation. Two saline inoculated age-matched controls were included in the study. Samples collected at necropsy were evaluated for the presence of B. tamiae DNA, and tissues were formalin-fixed, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and examined for histopathology. Results: Following inoculation with B. tamiae, mice developed ulcerative skin lesions and subcutaneous masses on the lateral thorax, as well as axillary and inguinal lymphadenopathy. B. tamiae DNA was found in subcutaneous masses, lymph node, and liver of inoculated mice. Histopathological changes were observed in tissues of inoculated mice, and severity of lesions correlated with the isolate inoculated, with the most severe pathology induced by B. tamiae Th239. Mice inoculated with Th239 and Th339 demonstrated myocarditis, lymphadenitis with associated vascular necrosis, and granulomatous hepatitis and nephritis with associated hepatocellular and renal necrosis. Mice inoculated with Th307 developed a deep dermatitis and granulomas within the kidneys. Conclusions: The three isolates of B. tamiae evaluated in this study induce disease in immunocompetent Swiss Webster mice up to 6 weeks after inoculation. The human patients from whom these isolates were obtained had clinical presentations consistent with the multi-organ pathology observed in mice in this study. This mouse model for B. tamiae induced disease not only strengthens the causal link between this pathogen and clinical illness in humans, but provides a model to further study the pathological processes induced by these bacteria. C1 [Colton, Leah; Zeidner, Nordin; Lynch, Tarah; Kosoy, Michael Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Colton, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM ant6@cdc.gov FU United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; American Society for Microbiology/Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases (ASM/CCID) FX This study was supported by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. TL was supported by an American Society for Microbiology/Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases (ASM/CCID) Post-Doctoral Research Fellowship. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD JUL 30 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 229 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-10-229 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 666SW UT WOS:000283141000002 PM 20673363 ER PT J AU Nahin, RL Dahlhamer, JM Stussman, BJ AF Nahin, Richard L. Dahlhamer, James M. Stussman, Barbara J. TI Health need and the use of alternative medicine among adults who do not use conventional medicine SO BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CARE UTILIZATION; UNITED-STATES; ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES; USE COMPLEMENTARY; DISPARITIES; ACCESS; THERAPIES; PATTERNS; SERVICES; DETERMINANTS AB Background: We hypothesize that a substantial portion of individuals who forgo conventional care in a given year turn to some form of alternative medicine. This study also examines whether individuals who use only alternative medicine will differ substantially in health and sociodemographic status from individuals using neither alternative medicine nor conventional care in a given year. To identify those factors that predict alternative medicine use in those not using conventional care, we employed the socio-behavioral model of healthcare utilization. Methods: The current study is a cross-sectional regression analysis using data from the 2002 National Health Interview Survey. Data were collected in-person from 31,044 adults throughout the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Results: 19.3% of adults (38.3 million) did not use conventional care in a 12 month period, although 39.5% of these individuals (14.7 million) reported having one or more problems with their health. Of those not using conventional care, 24.8% (9.5 million) used alternative medicine. Users of alternative medicine had more health needs and were more likely to delay conventional care because of both cost and non-cost factors compared to those not using alternative medicine. While individual predisposing factors (gender, education) were positively associated with alternative medicine use, enabling factors (poverty status, insurance coverage) were not. Conclusions: We found that a quarter of individuals who forgo conventional care in a given year turn towards alternative medicine. Our study suggests that the potential determinants of using only alternative medicine are multifactorial. Future research is needed to examine the decision process behind an individual's choice to use alternative medicine but not conventional medicine and the clinical outcomes of this choice. C1 [Nahin, Richard L.] NIH, Natl Ctr Complementary & Alternat Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Dahlhamer, James M.; Stussman, Barbara J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Nahin, RL (reprint author), NIH, Natl Ctr Complementary & Alternat Med, 6707 Democracy Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM nahinr@mail.nih.gov OI Nahin, Richard/0000-0002-3682-4816 NR 48 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1472-6963 J9 BMC HEALTH SERV RES JI BMC Health Serv. Res. PD JUL 29 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 220 DI 10.1186/1472-6963-10-220 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 662IU UT WOS:000282801800001 PM 20670418 ER PT J AU Rutherford, GW McFarland, W Spindler, H White, K Patel, SV Aberle-Grasse, J Sabin, K Smith, N Tache, S Calleja-Garcia, JM Stoneburner, RL AF Rutherford, George W. McFarland, William Spindler, Hilary White, Karen Patel, Sadhna V. Aberle-Grasse, John Sabin, Keith Smith, Nathan Tache, Stephanie Calleja-Garcia, Jesus M. Stoneburner, Rand L. TI Public health triangulation: approach and application to synthesizing data to understand national and local HIV epidemics SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS; QUALITY; DISEASE; TRIALS AB Background: Public health triangulation is a process for reviewing, synthesising and interpreting secondary data from multiple sources that bear on the same question to make public health decisions. It can be used to understand the dynamics of HIV transmission and to measure the impact of public health programs. While traditional intervention research and metaanalysis would be ideal sources of information for public health decision making, they are infrequently available, and often decisions can be based only on surveillance and survey data. Methods: The process involves examination of a wide variety of data sources and both biological, behavioral and program data and seeks input from stakeholders to formulate meaningful public health questions. Finally and most importantly, it uses the results to inform public health decision-making. There are 12 discrete steps in the triangulation process, which included identification and assessment of key questions, identification of data sources, refining questions, gathering data and reports, assessing the quality of those data and reports, formulating hypotheses to explain trends in the data, corroborating or refining working hypotheses, drawing conclusions, communicating results and recommendations and taking public health action. Results: Triangulation can be limited by the quality of the original data, the potentials for ecological fallacy and "data dredging" and reproducibility of results. Conclusions: Nonetheless, we believe that public health triangulation allows for the interpretation of data sets that cannot be analyzed using meta-analysis and can be a helpful adjunct to surveillance, to formal public health intervention research and to monitoring and evaluation, which in turn lead to improved national strategic planning and resource allocation. C1 [Rutherford, George W.; McFarland, William; Spindler, Hilary; White, Karen; Smith, Nathan; Tache, Stephanie; Stoneburner, Rand L.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [McFarland, William] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA. [Patel, Sadhna V.; Aberle-Grasse, John; Sabin, Keith] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Smith, Nathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Program Off, Publ Hlth Prevent Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sabin, Keith; Calleja-Garcia, Jesus M.] WHO, Div HIV AIDS, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Rutherford, George W.] Paracelsus Med Privatuniv, ST Inst Allgemein Familien & Pravent Med, Salzburg, Austria. [Rutherford, George W.] RLS Joint United Nations Programme HIV AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Rutherford, GW (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM grutherford@psg.ucsf.edu OI Sabin, Keith/0000-0002-2290-8621 FU Global AIDS Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U62/CCU922423] FX This work was supported by a cooperative agreement with the Global AIDS Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, through the University Technical Assistance Project #U62/CCU922423. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 38 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD JUL 29 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 447 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-10-447 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 650QE UT WOS:000281863800004 PM 20670448 ER PT J AU Baranowski, T Adams, L Baranowski, J Canada, A Cullen, KW Dobbins, MH Jago, R Oceguera, A Rodriguez, AX Speich, C Tatum, LT Thompson, D White, MA Williams, CG Goldberg, L Cusimano, D DeBar, L Elliot, D Grund, HM Kuehl, K McCormick, S Moe, E Roullet, JB Stadler, D Foster, GD Brown, J Creighton, B Faith, M Ford, EG Glick, H Kumanyika, S Nachmani, J Rosen, J Rosen, L Sherman, S Solomon, S Virus, A Volpe, SL Willi, S Cooper, D Bassin, S Bruecker, S Ford, D Galassetti, P Greenfield, S Hartstein, J Krause, M Opgrand, N Rodriguez, Y Schneider, M Harrell, JS Anderson, A Blackshear, T Buse, J Bridgman, J Gerstel, A Giles, C Hall, W Jessup, A Kennel, P Matthews, R McMurray, RG Rubin, D Siega-Riz, AM Smith, M Steckler, A Stringer, A Zeveloff, A Marcus, MD Carter, M Clayton, S Gillis, B Hindes, K Jakicic, J Meehan, R Noll, R Songer, T Vanucci, J Venditti, EM Trevino, R Garcia, A Hale, D Hernandez, AE Hernandez, I Mobley, C Murray, T Surapiboonchai, K Yin, Z Kaufman, F Resnicow, K Goran, M Engelgau, M Wang, LY Zhang, P Hirst, K Drews, KL Edelstein, S El Ghormli, L Firrell, LS Huang, M Feit, PK Mazzuto, SL Pham, T Wheeler, A Linder, B Hunter, C Staten, M Marcovina, SM Nader, P Chin, M Dagogo-Jack, S Dolan, L Espeland, M Pate, R Schatz, D AF Baranowski, T. Adams, L. Baranowski, J. Canada, A. Cullen, K. W. Dobbins, M. H. Jago, R. Oceguera, A. Rodriguez, A. X. Speich, C. Tatum, L. T. Thompson, D. White, M. A. Williams, C. G. Goldberg, L. Cusimano, D. DeBar, L. Elliot, D. Grund, H. M. Kuehl, K. McCormick, S. Moe, E. Roullet, J. B. Stadler, D. Foster, G. D. Brown, J. Creighton, B. Faith, M. Ford, E. G. Glick, H. Kumanyika, S. Nachmani, J. Rosen, J. Rosen, L. Sherman, S. Solomon, S. Virus, A. Volpe, S. L. Willi, S. Cooper, D. Bassin, S. Bruecker, S. Ford, D. Galassetti, P. Greenfield, S. Hartstein, J. Krause, M. Opgrand, N. Rodriguez, Y. Schneider, M. Harrell, J. S. Anderson, A. Blackshear, T. Buse, J. Bridgman, J. Gerstel, A. Giles, C. Hall, W. Jessup, A. Kennel, P. Matthews, R. McMurray, R. G. Rubin, D. Siega-Riz, A. M. Smith, M. Steckler, A. Stringer, A. Zeveloff, A. Marcus, M. D. Carter, M. Clayton, S. Gillis, B. Hindes, K. Jakicic, J. Meehan, R. Noll, R. Songer, T. Vanucci, J. Venditti, E. M. Trevino, R. Garcia, A. Hale, D. Hernandez, A. E. Hernandez, I. Mobley, C. Murray, T. Surapiboonchai, K. Yin, Z. Kaufman, F. Resnicow, K. Goran, M. Engelgau, M. Wang, L. Y. Zhang, P. Hirst, K. Drews, K. L. Edelstein, S. El Ghormli, L. Firrell, L. S. Huang, M. Feit, P. K. Mazzuto, S. L. Pham, T. Wheeler, A. Linder, B. Hunter, C. Staten, M. Marcovina, S. M. Nader, P. Chin, M. Dagogo-Jack, S. Dolan, L. Espeland, M. Pate, R. Schatz, D. CA HEALTHY Study Grp TI A School-Based Intervention for Diabetes Risk Reduction. SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE-LEVELS; OBESITY; HEALTHY; PREVENTION; RATIONALE; DESIGN; ADOLESCENTS; COMPONENT AB Background: We examined the effects of a multicomponent, school-based program addressing risk factors for diabetes among children whose race or ethnic group and socioeconomic status placed them at high risk for obesity and type 2 diabetes. Methods: Using a cluster design, we randomly assigned 42 schools to either a multicomponent school-based intervention (21 schools) or assessment only (control, 21 schools). A total of 4603 students participated (mean [+/-SD] age, 11.3+/-0.6 years; 54.2% Hispanic and 18.0% black; 52.7% girls). At the beginning of 6th grade and the end of 8th grade, students underwent measurements of body-mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and fasting glucose and insulin levels. Results: There was a decrease in the primary outcome -- the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity -- in both the intervention and control schools, with no significant difference between the school groups. The intervention schools had greater reductions in the secondary outcomes of BMI z score, percentage of students with waist circumference at or above the 90th percentile, fasting insulin levels (P=0.04 for all comparisons), and prevalence of obesity (P=0.05). Similar findings were observed among students who were at or above the 85th percentile for BMI at baseline. Less than 3% of the students who were screened had an adverse event; the proportions were nearly equivalent in the intervention and control schools. Conclusions: Our comprehensive school-based program did not result in greater decreases in the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity than those that occurred in control schools. However, the intervention did result in significantly greater reductions in various indexes of adiposity. These changes may reduce the risk of childhood-onset type 2 diabetes. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and the American Diabetes Association; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00458029.) N Engl J Med 2010;363:443-53. C1 [Foster, G. D.] Temple Univ, Ctr Obes Res & Educ, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA. [Baranowski, T.; Adams, L.; Baranowski, J.; Canada, A.; Cullen, K. W.; Dobbins, M. H.; Jago, R.; Oceguera, A.; Rodriguez, A. X.; Speich, C.; Tatum, L. T.; Thompson, D.; White, M. A.; Williams, C. G.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Goldberg, L.; Cusimano, D.; DeBar, L.; Elliot, D.; Grund, H. M.; Kuehl, K.; McCormick, S.; Moe, E.; Roullet, J. B.; Stadler, D.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Cooper, D.; Bassin, S.; Bruecker, S.; Ford, D.; Galassetti, P.; Greenfield, S.; Hartstein, J.; Krause, M.; Opgrand, N.; Rodriguez, Y.; Schneider, M.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Harrell, J. S.; Anderson, A.; Blackshear, T.; Buse, J.; Bridgman, J.; Gerstel, A.; Giles, C.; Hall, W.; Jessup, A.; Kennel, P.; Matthews, R.; McMurray, R. G.; Rubin, D.; Siega-Riz, A. M.; Smith, M.; Steckler, A.; Stringer, A.; Zeveloff, A.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Marcus, M. D.; Carter, M.; Clayton, S.; Gillis, B.; Hindes, K.; Jakicic, J.; Meehan, R.; Noll, R.; Songer, T.; Vanucci, J.; Venditti, E. M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Trevino, R.; Garcia, A.; Hale, D.; Hernandez, A. E.; Hernandez, I.; Mobley, C.; Murray, T.; Surapiboonchai, K.; Yin, Z.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Kaufman, F.] Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Resnicow, K.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Goran, M.] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Engelgau, M.; Wang, L. Y.; Zhang, P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hirst, K.; Drews, K. L.; Edelstein, S.; El Ghormli, L.; Firrell, L. S.; Huang, M.; Feit, P. K.; Mazzuto, S. L.; Pham, T.; Wheeler, A.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Marcovina, S. M.] Univ Washington, NW Lipid Metab Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Marcovina, S. M.] Univ Washington, Diabet Res Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Nader, P.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Chin, M.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Dagogo-Jack, S.] Univ Tennessee Hlth Sci Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Dolan, L.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Espeland, M.] Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Pate, R.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Schatz, D.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Foster, GD (reprint author), Temple Univ, Ctr Obes Res & Educ, 3223 N Broad St,Suite 175, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA. EM gfoster@temple.edu RI Bujan, Miren Karmele/F-5542-2014; OI Songer, Thomas/0000-0002-5253-2514; Baranowski, Tom/0000-0002-0653-2222 FU National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health [U01-DK61230, U01-DK61249, U01-DK61231, U01-DK61223]; American Diabetes Association FX Supported by grants (U01-DK61230, U01-DK61249, U01-DK61231, and U01-DK61223) from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health to the Studies to Treat or Prevent Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes (STOPP-T2D) collaborative group, with additional support from the American Diabetes Association. NR 35 TC 134 Z9 135 U1 1 U2 27 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 29 PY 2010 VL 363 IS 5 BP 443 EP 453 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa1001933 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 632GS UT WOS:000280411300008 ER PT J AU Neitzel, D Fisher, R Crimmings, K Brend, S Hobson, M Perez-Guerra, CL Zielinski-Gutierrez, E Staples, JE AF Neitzel, D. Fisher, Rebecca Crimmings, K. Brend, S. Hobson, M. Perez-Guerra, C. L. Zielinski-Gutierrez, E. Staples, J. E. TI Dengue Fever Among U.S. Travelers Returning From the Dominican Republic-Minnesota and Iowa, 2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 654-656, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Neitzel, D.; Fisher, Rebecca] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis Proposed, Minnesota Dept Hlth Svcs, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Crimmings, K.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis Proposed, Cerro Gordo Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brend, S.; Hobson, M.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis Proposed, Iowa Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Perez-Guerra, C. L.; Zielinski-Gutierrez, E.; Staples, J. E.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis Proposed, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Neitzel, D (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis Proposed, Minnesota Dept Hlth Svcs, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 28 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 4 BP 399 EP 401 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 631MA UT WOS:000280350100010 ER PT J AU Fishbein, D Sandoval, M Wright, C Herrera, S Reese, S Wilson, T Escobedo, M Waterman, S Modi, S Keir, J Lipman, H Sugerman, D AF Fishbein, D. Sandoval, M. Wright, C. Herrera, S. Reese, S. Wilson, T. Escobedo, M. Waterman, S. Modi, S. Keir, J. Lipman, H. Sugerman, D. TI Public Health Surveillance Using Emergency Medical Service Logs-U.S.-Mexico Land Border, El Paso, Texas, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 649-653, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Sugerman, D.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 28 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 4 BP 401 EP 403 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 631MA UT WOS:000280350100011 ER PT J AU Dollard, SC Schleiss, MR AF Dollard, Sheila C. Schleiss, Mark R. TI Screening Newborns for Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION C1 [Dollard, Sheila C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schleiss, Mark R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Pediat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Dollard, SC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgd5@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 28 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 4 BP 407 EP 408 DI 10.1001/jama.2010.1024 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 631MA UT WOS:000280350100017 PM 20664037 ER PT J AU Wang, YH Azevedo, M Saif, LJ Gentsch, JR Glass, RI Jiang, BM AF Wang, Yuhuan Azevedo, Marli Saif, Linda J. Gentsch, Jon R. Glass, Roger I. Jiang, Baoming TI Inactivated rotavirus vaccine induces protective immunity in gnotobiotic piglets SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Inactivated rotavirus vaccine; CDC-9; Piglets ID SECRETING CELL RESPONSES; WA HUMAN ROTAVIRUS; IMMUNIZATION INTERVALS; SEVERE DIARRHEA; PIGS; IMMUNOGENICITY; MICE; EFFICACY; SAFETY; LIVE AB Live oral rotavirus vaccines that are effective in middle and high Income countries have been much less immunogenic and effective among infants in resource-limited settings Several hypotheses might explain this difference, including neutralization of the vaccine by high levels of maternal antibody in serum and breast milk, severe malnutrition, and interference by other flora and viruses in the gut. We have pursued development of an alternative parenteral rotavirus vaccine with the goal of inducing comparable levels of immunogerucity and efficacy in populations throughout the world regardless of their income levels In the present study, we assessed the immunogenicity and protection of a candidate inactivated rotavirus vaccine (IRV), the human strain CDC-9 (G1P[8]) formulated with aluminum phosphate, against rotavirus infection in gnotobiotic piglets Three doses of IRV induced high titers of rotavirus-specific IgG and neutralizing activity in the sera of gnotobiotic piglets and protection against shedding of rotavirus antigen following oral challenge with a homologous virulent human strain Wa (G1P[8]) Our findings demonstrate the proof of concept for an IRV in a large animal model and provide evidence and justification for further clinical development as an alternative candidate vaccine Published by Elsevier Ltd C1 [Wang, Yuhuan; Gentsch, Jon R.; Glass, Roger I.; Jiang, Baoming] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Azevedo, Marli; Saif, Linda J.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Food Anim Hlth Res Program, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Glass, Roger I.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Jiang, BM (reprint author), Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, MS G04,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. FU Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France FX We thank Charles Humphrey for performing electron microscopy analysis and Harry Greenberg for providing the monoclonal antibody 1A10. This study was supported in part by a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France. NR 36 TC 24 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 26 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 33 BP 5432 EP 5436 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.06.006 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 639VF UT WOS:000281002200008 PM 20558244 ER PT J AU Guan, XH Silk, BJ Li, WK Fleischauer, AT Xing, XS Jiang, XQ Yu, HJ Olsen, SJ Cohen, AL AF Guan, Xuhua Silk, Benjamin J. Li, Wenkai Fleischauer, Aaron T. Xing, Xuesen Jiang, Xiaoqing Yu, Hongjie Olsen, Sonja J. Cohen, Adam L. TI Pneumonia Incidence and Mortality in Mainland China: Systematic Review of Chinese and English Literature, 1985-2008 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Review ID INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; CHILDREN YOUNGER; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; RESPIRATORY-INFECTIONS; DISEASE; BURDEN; RISK; IMPROVEMENT; XUANWEI; REFORM AB Background: Pneumonia is a leading infectious disease killer worldwid, yet the burden in China is not well understood as much of the data is published in the non-English literature. Methodology/Principal Findings: We systematically reviewed the Chinese- and English-language literature for studies with primary data on pneumonia incidence and mortality in mainland China. Between 1985 and 2008, 37 studies met the inclusion criteria. The quality of the studies was highly variable. For children <5 years, incidence ranged from 0.06-0.27 episodes per person-year and mortality ranged from 184-1,223 deaths per 100,000 population. Overall incidence and mortality were stable or decreased over the study period and were higher in rural compared to urban areas. Conclusions/Significance: Pneumonia continues to be a major public health challenge in young children in China, and estimates of pneumonia incidence and mortality vary widely. Reliable surveillance data and new prevention efforts may be needed to achieve and document additional declines, especially in areas with higher incidence and mortality such as rural settings. C1 [Guan, Xuhua; Xing, Xuesen; Jiang, Xiaoqing] Hubei Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Wuchang, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Silk, Benjamin J.; Cohen, Adam L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Silk, Benjamin J.; Li, Wenkai; Fleischauer, Aaron T.; Olsen, Sonja J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emerging Infect & Surveillance Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Yu, Hongjie] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Guan, XH (reprint author), Hubei Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Wuchang, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM dvj1@cdc.gov NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 23 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 7 AR c11721 DI 10.1371/journal.ponc.0011721 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 630AQ UT WOS:000280243800007 ER PT J AU West-Ojo, T Samala, R Griffin, A Rocha, N Hader, S Castel, AD Befus, M Sutton, MY Willis, L Hall, HI Lanier, Y Sanchez, TH Johnson, AS Kilmarx, PH AF West-Ojo, T. Samala, R. Griffin, A. Rocha, N. Hader, S. Castel, A. D. Befus, M. Sutton, M. Y. Willis, L. Hall, H. I. Lanier, Y. Sanchez, T. H. Johnson, A. Satcher Kilmarx, P. H. TI Expanded HIV Testing and Trends in Diagnoses of HIV Infection-District of Columbia, 2004-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 737-741, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID WASHINGTON C1 [Castel, A. D.; Befus, M.] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Svcs, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Sutton, M. Y.; Willis, L.; Hall, H. I.; Lanier, Y.; Sanchez, T. H.; Johnson, A. Satcher; Kilmarx, P. H.] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 21 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 3 BP 264 EP 266 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 628HV UT WOS:000280107500006 ER PT J AU Beckwith, CG Rich, JD Flanigan, TP Poshkus, M Aucoin, N Bandieri, AM Threats, P Chowdhury, S Loberti, P Minuto, L MacGowan, R Margolis, A Courtenay-Quirk, C Chow, W AF Beckwith, C. G. Rich, J. D. Flanigan, T. P. Poshkus, M. Aucoin, N. Bandieri, A. M. Threats, P. Chowdhury, S. Loberti, P. Minuto, L. MacGowan, R. Margolis, A. Courtenay-Quirk, C. Chow, W. TI Routine Jail-Based HIV Testing-Rhode Island, 2000-2007 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 742-745, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID PROSPECTIVE CONTROLLED-TRIAL; VIRUS C1 [Beckwith, C. G.; Rich, J. D.; Flanigan, T. P.] Brown Univ, Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Poshkus, M.; Aucoin, N.; Bandieri, A. M.; Threats, P.] Rhode Isl Dept Correct, Cranston, RI USA. [Chowdhury, S.; Loberti, P.; Minuto, L.] Rhode Isl Dept Hlth, Providence, RI 02908 USA. [MacGowan, R.; Margolis, A.; Courtenay-Quirk, C.; Chow, W.] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Beckwith, CG (reprint author), Brown Univ, Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 21 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 3 BP 266 EP 268 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 628HV UT WOS:000280107500007 ER PT J AU Haukoos, JS Hopkins, E Conroy, AA Silverman, M Byyny, RL Eisert, S Thrun, MW Wilson, ML Hutchinson, AB Forsyth, J Johnson, SC Heffelfinger, JD AF Haukoos, Jason S. Hopkins, Emily Conroy, Amy A. Silverman, Morgan Byyny, Richard L. Eisert, Sheri Thrun, Mark W. Wilson, Michael L. Hutchinson, Angela B. Forsyth, Jessica Johnson, Steven C. Heffelfinger, James D. CA Denver Emergency Dept HIV Opt-Out TI Routine Opt-Out Rapid HIV Screening and Detection of HIV Infection in Emergency Department Patients SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE SETTINGS; FOR-DISEASE-CONTROL; PREVALENCE AREA; PROGRAM; RECOMMENDATIONS; CENTERS; IMPLEMENTATION; ADOLESCENTS; EXPERIENCE; TESTS AB Context The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends routine (nontargeted) opt-out HIV screening in health care settings, including emergency departments (EDs), where the prevalence of undiagnosed infection is 0.1% or greater. The utility of this approach in EDs remains unknown. Objective To determine whether nontargeted opt-out rapid HIV screening in the ED was associated with identification of more patients with newly diagnosed HIV infection than physician-directed diagnostic rapid HIV testing. Design, Setting, and Patients Quasi-experimental equivalent time-samples design in an urban public safety-net hospital with an approximate annual ED census of 55 000 patient visits. Patients were 16 years or older and capable of providing consent for rapid HIV testing. Interventions Nontargeted opt-out rapid HIV screening and physician-directed diagnostic rapid HIV testing alternated in sequential 4-month time intervals between April 15, 2007, and April 15, 2009. Main Outcome Measures Number of patients with newly identified HIV infection and the association between nontargeted opt-out rapid HIV screening and identification of HIV infection. Results In the opt-out phase, of 28 043 eligible ED patients, 6933 patients (25%) completed HIV testing (6702 patients were screened; 231 patients were diagnostically tested). Ten of 6702 patients (0.15%; 95% CI, 0.07%-0.27%) who did not decline HIV screening in the opt-out phase had new HIV diagnoses, and 5 of 231 patients (2.2%; 95% CI, 0.7%-5.0%) who were diagnostically tested during the opt-out phase had new HIV diagnoses. In the diagnostic phase, of 29 925 eligible patients, 243 (0.8%) completed HIV testing. Of these, 4 patients (1.6%; 95% CI, 0.5%-4.2%) had new diagnoses. The prevalence of new HIV diagnoses in the opt-out phase (including those diagnostically tested) and in the diagnostic phase was 15 in 28 043 (0.05%; 95% CI, 0.03%-0.09%) and 4 in 29 925 (0.01%; 95% CI, 0.004%-0.03%), respectively. Nontargeted opt-out HIV screening was independently associated with new HIV diagnoses (risk ratio, 3.6; 95% CI, 1.2-10.8) when adjusting for patient demographics, insurance status, and whether diagnostic testing was performed in the opt-out phase. The median CD4 cell count for those with new HIV diagnoses in the opt-out phase (including those diagnostically tested) and in the diagnostic phase was 69/mu L (IQR, 17-430) and 13/mu L (IQR, 11-15), respectively (P=.02). Conclusion Nontargeted opt-out rapid HIV screening in the ED, vs diagnostic testing, was associated with identification of a modestly increased number of patients with new HIV diagnoses, most of whom were identified late in the course of disease. JAMA. 2010;304(3):284-292 www.jama.com C1 [Haukoos, Jason S.; Hopkins, Emily; Byyny, Richard L.] Denver Hlth Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Denver, CO 80204 USA. [Silverman, Morgan] Denver Hlth Med Ctr, Dept Clin Social Work, Denver, CO 80204 USA. [Eisert, Sheri] Denver Hlth Med Ctr, Dept Hlth Serv Res, Denver, CO 80204 USA. [Wilson, Michael L.] Denver Hlth Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Denver, CO 80204 USA. [Haukoos, Jason S.; Byyny, Richard L.; Thrun, Mark W.; Wilson, Michael L.; Johnson, Steven C.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Haukoos, Jason S.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aurora, CO USA. [Eisert, Sheri] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Syst Management & Policy, Aurora, CO USA. [Conroy, Amy A.] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Hlth & Behav Sci, Denver, CO USA. [Thrun, Mark W.] Denver Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. [Hutchinson, Angela B.; Heffelfinger, James D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Forsyth, Jessica] Childrens Hosp, Childrens Immunodeficiency Program, Aurora, CO USA. [Johnson, Steven C.] Univ Colorado, Univ Colorado Hosp, HIV AIDS Clin Program, Aurora, CO USA. RP Haukoos, JS (reprint author), Denver Hlth Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, 777 Bannock St,Mail Code 0108, Denver, CO 80204 USA. EM jason.haukoos@dhha.org RI Siry, Bonnie/D-7189-2017 FU Abbott Laboratories; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U18 PS000314]; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) [K02 HS017526]; Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE); Colorado Center for AIDS Research FX Dr Haukoos reported receiving unrestricted research support from Abbott Laboratories and being supported in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). Ms Hopkins reported being supported previously by an unrestricted research grant from Abbott Laboratories and supported in full during the course of this project by the CDC. Dr Thrun reported receiving support from the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE) and the CDC and having been a paid consultant for the CDC on issues related to HIV prevention. Dr Johnson reported participating in advisory boards and serving as a consultant for both ViiV Healthcare and Gilead Sciences Inc. No other disclosures were reported.; This study was funded by a cooperative agreement (U18 PS000314) with the CDC (J.S.H.) and supported in part by an Independent Scientist Award (K02 HS017526) from the AHRQ (J.S.H.) and a Career Development Award from the Colorado Center for AIDS Research (R.L.B.). NR 34 TC 84 Z9 85 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 21 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 3 BP 284 EP 292 DI 10.1001/jama.2010.953 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 628HV UT WOS:000280107500018 PM 20639562 ER PT J AU Stringer, EM Ekouevi, DK Coetzee, D Tih, PM Creek, TL Stinson, K Giganti, MJ Welty, TK Chintu, N Chi, BH Wilfert, CM Shaffer, N Dabis, F Stringer, JSA AF Stringer, Elizabeth M. Ekouevi, Didier K. Coetzee, David Tih, Pius M. Creek, Tracy L. Stinson, Kathryn Giganti, Mark J. Welty, Thomas K. Chintu, Namwinga Chi, Benjamin H. Wilfert, Catherine M. Shaffer, Nathan Dabis, Francois Stringer, Jeffrey S. A. CA PEARL Study Team TI Coverage of Nevirapine-Based Services to Prevent Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission in 4 African Countries SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SINGLE-DOSE NEVIRAPINE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PROGRAMS; UGANDA; WOMEN; QUANTIFICATION; SURVEILLANCE; PERFORMANCE AB Context Few studies have objectively evaluated the coverage of services to prevent transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from mother to child. Objective To measure the coverage of services to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission in 4 African countries. Design, Setting, and Patients Cross-sectional surveillance study of mother-infant pairs using umbilical cord blood samples collected between June 10, 2007, and October 30, 2008, from 43 randomly selected facilities (grouped as 25 service clusters) providing delivery services in Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire, South Africa, and Zambia. All sites used at least single-dose nevirapine to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission and some sites used additional prophylaxis drugs. Main Outcome Measure Population nevirapine coverage, defined as the proportion of HIV-exposed infants in the sample with both maternal nevirapine ingestion (confirmed by cord blood chromatography) and infant nevirapine ingestion (confirmed by direct observation). Results A total of 27 893 cord blood specimens were tested, of which 3324 were HIV seropositive (12%). Complete data for cord blood nevirapine results were available on 3196 HIV-seropositive mother-infant pairs. Nevirapine coverage varied significantly by site (range: 0%-82%). Adjusted for country, the overall coverage estimate was 51% (95% confidence interval [CI], 49%-53%). In multivariable analysis, failed coverage of nevirapine-based services was significantly associated with maternal age younger than 20 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.44; 95% CI, 1.18-1.76) and maternal age between 20 and 25 years (AOR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.07-1.54) vs maternal age of older than 30 years; 1 or fewer antenatal care visits (AOR, 2.91; 95% CI, 2.40-3.54), 2 or 3 antenatal care visits (AOR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.60-2.33), and 4 or 5 antenatal care visits (AOR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.34-1.80) vs 6 or more antenatal care visits; vaginal delivery (AOR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.03-1.44) vs cesarean delivery; and infant birth weight of less than 2500 g (AOR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.11-1.62) vs birth weight of 3500 g or greater. Conclusion In this random sampling of sites with services to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission, only 51% of HIV-exposed infants received the minimal regimen of single-dose nevirapine. JAMA. 2010;304(3):293-302 www.jama.com C1 [Stringer, Elizabeth M.; Giganti, Mark J.; Chintu, Namwinga; Chi, Benjamin H.; Stringer, Jeffrey S. A.] Ctr Infect Dis Res Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. [Ekouevi, Didier K.] Programme PAC CI, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Coetzee, David; Stinson, Kathryn] Univ Cape Town, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Infect Dis & Epidemiol Unit, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Tih, Pius M.; Welty, Thomas K.] Cameroon Baptist Hlth Convent Hlth Board, Bamenda, Cameroon. [Creek, Tracy L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wilfert, Catherine M.] Elizabeth Glaser Pediat AIDS Fdn, Santa Monica, CA USA. [Shaffer, Nathan] WHO, Dept HIV AIDS, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Dabis, Francois] Univ Bordeaux 2, Inst Sante Publ Epidemiol & Dev, F-33076 Bordeaux, France. RP Stringer, JSA (reprint author), Ctr Infect Dis Res Zambia, Plot 1275,Lubutu Rd,POB 34681, Lusaka, Zambia. EM stringer@cidrz.org RI EKOUEVI, Didier/E-7960-2014 FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [T0906150021]; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [351-07]; Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation FX The Zambia, South Africa, and Cote d'Ivoire work was supported by contract T0906150021 from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Global AIDS Program. The Cameroon work was supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation grant 351-07, which was awarded to the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation. NR 30 TC 100 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 21 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 3 BP 293 EP 302 DI 10.1001/jama.2010.990 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 628HV UT WOS:000280107500019 PM 20639563 ER PT J AU Grabbe, KL Bunnell, R AF Grabbe, Kristina L. Bunnell, Rebecca TI Reframing HIV Prevention in Sub-Saharan Africa Using Couple-Centered Approaches SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID TRANSMISSION C1 [Grabbe, Kristina L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bunnell, Rebecca] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Grabbe, KL (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kgrabbe@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 21 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 3 BP 346 EP 347 DI 10.1001/jama.2010.1011 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 628HV UT WOS:000280107500027 PM 20639571 ER PT J AU Hwang, J Graves, PM Jima, D Reithinger, R Kachur, SP AF Hwang, Jimee Graves, Patricia M. Jima, Daddi Reithinger, Richard Kachur, S. Patrick CA Ethiopia MIS Working Grp TI Knowledge of Malaria and Its Association with Malaria-Related Behaviors-Results from the Malaria Indicator Survey, Ethiopia, 2007 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INSECTICIDE-TREATED NETS; CHILDHOOD FEBRILE ILLNESSES; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PREGNANT-WOMEN; BED NETS; TREATMENT SEEKING; RURAL ETHIOPIA; WESTERN KENYA; CHILDREN; OWNERSHIP AB Background: In 2005, the Ministry of Health in Ethiopia launched a major effort to distribute over 20 million long-lasting insecticidal nets, provide universal access to artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACTs), and train 30,000 village-based health extension workers. Methods and Findings: A cross-sectional, nationally representative Malaria Indicator Survey was conducted during the malaria transmission season in 2007. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the effect of women's malaria knowledge on household ITN ownership and women's ITN use. In addition, we investigated the effect of mothers' malaria knowledge on their children under 5 years of age's (U5) ITN use and their access to fever treatment on behalf of their child U5. Malaria knowledge was based on a composite index about the causes, symptoms, danger signs and prevention of malaria. Approximately 67% of women (n = 5,949) and mothers of children U5 (n = 3,447) reported some knowledge of malaria. Women's knowledge of malaria was significantly associated with household ITN ownership (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6-2.7) and with increased ITN use for themselves (aOR = 1.8; 95% CI 1.3-2.5). Knowledge of malaria amongst mothers of children U5 was associated with ITN use for their children U5 (aOR = 1.6; 95% CI 1.1-2.4), but not significantly associated with their children U5 seeking care for a fever. School attendance was a significant factor in women's ITN use (aOR = 2.0; 95% CI 1.1-3.9), their children U5's ITN use (aOR = 4.4; 95% CI 1.6-12.1), and their children U5 having sought treatment for a fever (aOR = 6.5; 95% CI 1.9-22.9). Conclusions: Along with mass free distribution of ITNs and universal access to ACTs, delivery of targeted malaria educational information to women could improve ITN ownership and use. Efforts to control malaria could be influenced by progress towards broader goals of improving access to education, especially for women. C1 [Hwang, Jimee; Kachur, S. Patrick] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hwang, Jimee] UCSF Global Hlth Sci, Global Hlth Grp, San Francisco, CA USA. [Graves, Patricia M.] Emory Univ, Carter Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Jima, Daddi] Ethiopian Hlth & Nutr Res Inst, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Reithinger, Richard] US Agcy Int Dev, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. RP Hwang, J (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM jhwang@cdc.gov RI Graves, Patricia/J-8691-2014 OI Graves, Patricia/0000-0002-5215-3901 FU United States Agency for International Development; Carter Center; Malaria Control and Evaluation Partnership in Africa (MACEPA) at PATH FX The Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Health received funding for this national survey from the United States Agency for International Development, The Carter Center, and The Malaria Control and Evaluation Partnership in Africa (MACEPA) at PATH. Although the above funding partners provided technical assistance in the study design, data collection and analysis and preparation of the manuscript, all decisions to publish were made by the Ministry of Health. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention also provided technical assistance in the study design, data collection and analysis, and preparation of the manuscript, but did not provide funding for this evaluation. The opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and may not reflect the position of their employing organizations nor of the sources of funding. NR 50 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 21 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 7 AR e11692 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0011692 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 629KQ UT WOS:000280197500030 PM 20657782 ER PT J AU Chinkhumba, J Skarbinski, J Chilima, B Campbell, C Ewing, V San Joaquin, M Sande, J Ali, D Mathanga, D AF Chinkhumba, Jobiba Skarbinski, Jacek Chilima, Ben Campbell, Carl Ewing, Victoria San Joaquin, Miguel Sande, John Ali, Doreen Mathanga, Don TI Comparative field performance and adherence to test results of four malaria rapid diagnostic tests among febrile patients more than five years of age in Blantyre, Malawi SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID OUTPATIENT TREATMENT; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; CASE-MANAGEMENT; MICROSCOPY; ZAMBIA; KENYA; PARACHECK-PF(R); ACCURACY; CHILDREN; UGANDA AB Background: Malaria rapid diagnostics tests (RDTs) can increase availability of laboratory-based diagnosis and improve the overall management of febrile patients in malaria endemic areas. In preparation to scale-up RDTs in health facilities in Malawi, an evaluation of four RDTs to help guide national-level decision-making was conducted. Methods: A cross sectional study of four histidine rich-protein-type-2-(HRP2) based RDTs at four health centres in Blantyre, Malawi, was undertaken to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of RDTs, assess prescriber adherence to RDT test results and explore operational issues regarding RDT implementation. Three RDTs were evaluated in only one health centre each and one RDT was evaluated in two health centres. Light microscopy in a reference laboratory was used as the gold standard. Results: A total of 2,576 patients were included in the analysis. All of the RDTs tested had relatively high sensitivity for detecting any parasitaemia [Bioline SD (97%), First response malaria (92%), Paracheck (91%), ICT diagnostics (90%)], but low specificity [Bioline SD (39%), First response malaria (42%), Paracheck (68%), ICT diagnostics (54%)]. Specificity was significantly lower in patients who self-treated with an anti-malarial in the previous two weeks (odds ratio (OR) 0.5; p-value < 0.001), patients 5-15 years old versus patients > 15 years old (OR 0.4, p-value < 0.001) and when the RDT was performed by a community health worker versus a laboratory technician (OR 0.4; p-value < 0.001). Health workers correctly prescribed anti-malarials for patients with positive RDT results, but ignored negative RDT results with 58% of patients with a negative RDT result treated with an anti-malarial. Conclusions: The results of this evaluation, combined with other published data and global recommendations, have been used to select RDTs for national scale-up. In addition, the study identified some key issues that need to be further delineated: the low field specificity of RDTs, variable RDT performance by different cadres of health workers and the need for a robust quality assurance system. Close monitoring of RDT scale-up will be needed to ensure that RDTs truly improve malaria case management. C1 [Chinkhumba, Jobiba; Mathanga, Don] Coll Med, Malaria Alert Ctr, Blantyre 3, Malawi. [Skarbinski, Jacek; Campbell, Carl] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chilima, Ben] Minist Hlth, Community Hlth Sci Unit, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Ewing, Victoria; San Joaquin, Miguel] Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust, Blantyre, Malawi. [Sande, John; Ali, Doreen] Minist Hlth, Natl Malaria Control Programme, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Mathanga, Don] Coll Med, Dept Community Hlth, Blantyre, Malawi. [Campbell, Carl] Univ Georgia, Ctr Trop & Global Emerging Dis, Athens, GA USA. RP Chinkhumba, J (reprint author), Coll Med, Malaria Alert Ctr, Private Bag 360, Blantyre 3, Malawi. EM jchinkhumba@mac.medcol.mw FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5 U01 CI000189]; United States President's Malaria Initiative through the United States Agency for International Development FX This study was supported through a Cooperative Agreement (Number 5 U01 CI000189) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and with additional support from the United States President's Malaria Initiative through the United States Agency for International Development. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the United States Agency for International Development. We thank all of the health workers and patients who participated in this study. NR 31 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2010 VL 9 AR 209 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-9-209 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 657KE UT WOS:000282410800001 PM 20646312 ER PT J AU Wannemuehler, KA Lyles, RH Manatunga, AK Terrell, ML Marcus, M AF Wannemuehler, Kathleen A. Lyles, Robert H. Manatunga, Amita K. Terrell, Metrecia L. Marcus, Michele TI Likelihood-based methods for estimating the association between a health outcome and left- or interval-censored longitudinal exposure data SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE detection limits; censoring; environmental epidemiology; interval; measurement error; prediction; random effects ID RANDOM-EFFECTS MODELS; MEASUREMENT ERROR; POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYL; IN-UTERO; MICHIGAN AB The Michigan Female Health Study (MFHS) conducted research focusing on reproductive health outcomes among women exposed to polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs). In the work presented here, the available longitudinal serum PBB exposure measurements are used to obtain predictions of PBB exposure for specific time points of interest via random effects models. In a two-stage approach, a prediction of the PBB exposure is obtained and then used in a second-stage health outcome model. This paper illustrates how a unified approach, which links the exposure and outcome in a joint model, provides an efficient adjustment for covariate measurement error. We compare the use of empirical Bayes predictions in the two-stage approach with results from a joint modeling approach, with and without an adjustment for left- and interval-censored data. The unified approach with the adjustment for left- and interval-censored data resulted in little bias and near-nominal confidence interval coverage in both the logistic and linear model setting. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Wannemuehler, Kathleen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lyles, Robert H.; Manatunga, Amita K.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Terrell, Metrecia L.; Marcus, Michele] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Marcus, Michele] Emory Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Wannemuehler, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kpw9@cdc.gov RI Marcus, Michele/J-2746-2015; OI Terrell, Metrecia/0000-0001-9406-2226 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES012458, RO1 ES08341, R01 ES012014]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [R 825300]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U37/CCU500392] FX Contract/grant sponsor: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; contract/grant number: ES012458; Contract/grant sponsor: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; contract/grant number: R 825300; Contract/grant sponsor: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; contract/grant numbers: RO1 ES08341, R01 ES012014; Contract/grant sponsor: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; contract/grant number: U37/CCU500392 NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0277-6715 J9 STAT MED JI Stat. Med. PD JUL 20 PY 2010 VL 29 IS 16 BP 1661 EP 1672 DI 10.1002/sim.3905 PG 12 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Mathematics GA 624YK UT WOS:000279858000001 PM 20572121 ER PT J AU Zhang, SL Bovshik, EI Maillard, R Gromowski, GD Volk, DE Schein, CH Huang, CYH Gorenstein, DG Lee, JC Barrett, ADT Beasley, DWC AF Zhang, Shuliu Bovshik, Evgeniy I. Maillard, Rodrigo Gromowski, Gregory D. Volk, David E. Schein, Catherine H. Huang, Claire Y. -H. Gorenstein, David G. Lee, James C. Barrett, Alan D. T. Beasley, David W. C. TI Role of BC loop residues in structure, function and antigenicity of the West Nile virus envelope protein receptor-binding domain III SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Flavivirus; West Nile virus; Envelope protein; Receptor binding domain; Neutralization; Attenuation ID HUMANIZED MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; BORNE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; DENGUE-VIRUS; TYROSINE CORNER; NEUTRALIZING EPITOPES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GLYCOPROTEIN; FLAVIVIRUSES; STRAINS AB Site-directed mutagenesis of residues in the BC loop (residues 329-333) of the envelope (E) protein domain Ill in a West Nile virus (WNV) infectious clone and in plasmids encoding recombinant WNV and dengue type 2 virus domain III proteins demonstrated a critical role for residues in this loop in the function and antigenicity of the E protein. This included a strict requirement for the tyrosine at residue 329 of WNV for virus viability and E domain Ill folding. The absence of an equivalent residue in this region of yellow fever group viruses and most tick-borne flavivirus suggests there is an evolutionary divergence in the molecular mechanisms of domain Ill folding employed by different flaviviruses. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Shuliu; Bovshik, Evgeniy I.; Barrett, Alan D. T.; Beasley, David W. C.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Galveston, TX USA. [Gromowski, Gregory D.; Barrett, Alan D. T.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX USA. [Maillard, Rodrigo; Volk, David E.; Schein, Catherine H.; Gorenstein, David G.; Lee, James C.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Galveston, TX USA. [Barrett, Alan D. T.; Beasley, David W. C.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Ctr Biodef & Emerging Infect Dis, Galveston, TX USA. [Maillard, Rodrigo; Volk, David E.; Schein, Catherine H.; Gorenstein, David G.; Lee, James C.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Sealy Ctr Struct Biol & Mol Biophys, Galveston, TX USA. [Gorenstein, David G.; Lee, James C.; Barrett, Alan D. T.; Beasley, David W. C.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Sealy Ctr Vaccine Dev, Galveston, TX USA. [Barrett, Alan D. T.; Beasley, David W. C.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Inst Human Infect & Immun, Galveston, TX USA. [Huang, Claire Y. -H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis,US Dept Hlth & Human, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis,Coordina, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Beasley, DWC (reprint author), 301 Univ Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM d.beasley@utmb.edu RI Schein, Catherine/A-1426-2012; Lee, James/A-7849-2009; OI Volk, David/0000-0002-4372-6915; Schein, Catherine/0000-0002-8290-2109 FU NIH [R21 AI063468]; Pediatric Dengue Vaccine Initiative FX This work was supported by NIH (R21 AI063468 to D.W.C.B.) and by the Pediatric Dengue Vaccine Initiative (to A.D.T.B.). We thank Drs. Rich Kinney (CDC) and Alexey Gribenko (UTMB) for helpful advice and review of the manuscript. NR 41 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JUL 20 PY 2010 VL 403 IS 1 BP 85 EP 91 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2010.03.038 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 607JK UT WOS:000278498400009 PM 20447672 ER PT J AU Forbi, JC Vaughan, G Purdy, MA Campo, DS Xia, GL Ganova-Raeva, LM Ramachandran, S Thai, H Khudyakov, YE AF Forbi, Joseph C. Vaughan, Gilberto Purdy, Michael A. Campo, David S. Xia, Guo-liang Ganova-Raeva, Lilia M. Ramachandran, Sumathi Thai, Hong Khudyakov, Yury E. TI Epidemic History and Evolutionary Dynamics of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Two Remote Communities in Rural Nigeria SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GENOTYPE-E STRAINS; WEST-AFRICA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; C VIRUS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; BLOOD-DONORS; VARIABILITY; POPULATION; RECOMBINATIONS AB Background: In Nigeria, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has reached hyperendemic levels and its nature and origin have been described as a puzzle. In this study, we investigated the molecular epidemiology and epidemic history of HBV infection in two semi-isolated rural communities in North/Central Nigeria. It was expected that only a few, if any, HBV strains could have been introduced and effectively transmitted among these residents, reflecting limited contacts of these communities with the general population in the country. Methods and Findings: Despite remoteness and isolation, similar to 11% of the entire population in these communities was HBV-DNA seropositive. Analyses of the S-gene sequences obtained from 55 HBV-seropositive individuals showed the circulation of 37 distinct HBV variants. These HBV isolates belong predominantly to genotype E (HBV/E) (n = 53, 96.4%), with only 2 classified as sub-genotype A3 (HBV/A3). Phylogenetic analysis showed extensive intermixing between HBV/E variants identified in these communities and different countries in Africa. Quasispecies analysis of 22 HBV/E strains using end-point limiting-dilution real-time PCR, sequencing and median joining networks showed extensive intra-host heterogeneity and inter-host variant sharing. To investigate events that resulted in such remarkable HBV/E diversity, HBV full-size genome sequences were obtained from 47 HBV/E infected persons and P gene was subjected to Bayesian coalescent analysis. The time to the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) for these HBV/E variants was estimated to be year 1952 (95% highest posterior density (95% HPD): 1927-1970). Using additional HBV/E sequences from other African countries, the tMRCA was estimated to be year 1948 (95% HPD: 1924-1966), indicating that HBV/E in these remote communities has a similar time of origin with multiple HBV/E variants broadly circulating in West/Central Africa. Phylogenetic analysis and statistical neutrality tests suggested rapid HBV/E population expansion. Additionally, skyline plot analysis showed an increase in the size of the HBV/E-infected population over the last similar to 30-40 years. Conclusions: Our data suggest a massive introduction and relatively recent HBV/E expansion in the human population in Africa. Collectively, these data show a significant shift in the HBV/E epidemic dynamics in Africa over the last century. C1 [Forbi, Joseph C.; Vaughan, Gilberto; Purdy, Michael A.; Campo, David S.; Xia, Guo-liang; Ganova-Raeva, Lilia M.; Ramachandran, Sumathi; Thai, Hong; Khudyakov, Yury E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Forbi, JC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gzf7@cdc.gov RI Campo, David S./C-5072-2011 OI Campo, David S./0000-0002-8970-3436 FU American Society for Microbiology (ASM); Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases (CCID) at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta-USA FX This research was directly supported by the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) (www.asm.org) and the Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases (CCID) at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta-USA. J.C.F. received the ASM/CCID postdoctoral fellowship. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 65 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 19 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 7 AR e11615 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0011615 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 627TK UT WOS:000280065600007 PM 20657838 ER PT J AU Sy, LS Liu, ILA Solano, Z Cheetham, TC Lugg, MM Greene, SK Weintraub, ES Jacobsen, SJ AF Sy, Lina S. Liu, In-Lu Amy Solano, Zendi Cheetham, T. Craig Lugg, Marlene M. Greene, Sharon K. Weintraub, Eric S. Jacobsen, Steven J. TI Accuracy of influenza vaccination status in a computer-based immunization tracking system of a managed care organization SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza vaccine; Immunization tracking system; Misclassification ID PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINATION; ADVERSE EVENTS; ELDERLY OUTPATIENTS; UNITED-STATES; SELF-REPORT; SAFETY; SURVEILLANCE; VALIDITY; VACCINES AB Influenza vaccine safety and effectiveness studies conducted using electronic medical records rely on accurate assessment of influenza vaccination status. However, influenza immunization in non-traditional settings (e.g., the workplace) may not be captured in patient immunization tracking systems. We compared influenza vaccination status from electronic records with self-reported vaccination status for five hundred and two 50-79 years olds enrolled in a large managed care organization. Influenza vaccination status in the medical record had a high positive predictive value and specificity (both >99%). The negative predictive value was 80% and sensitivity was 78%. These data suggest that an electronic record of influenza vaccination reliably indicates immunization, while the absence of such a record is only moderately accurate, partly due to vaccines received in non-traditional settings. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sy, Lina S.; Liu, In-Lu Amy; Solano, Zendi; Cheetham, T. Craig; Lugg, Marlene M.; Jacobsen, Steven J.] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Dept Res & Evaluat, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Greene, Sharon K.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Greene, Sharon K.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Weintraub, Eric S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sy, LS (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Dept Res & Evaluat, 100 S Robles Ave,2nd Floor, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. EM lina.s.sy@kp.org OI Jacobsen, Steven/0000-0002-8174-8533 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2002-00732] FX This study was funded through a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP) under contract 200-2002-00732 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 24 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 19 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 32 BP 5254 EP 5259 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.05.061 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 639QF UT WOS:000280988600016 PM 20554065 ER PT J AU Johnson, AC Morata, T AF Johnson, A. C. Morata, T. TI Chemical exposure as a risk factor for hearing loss: Implications for occupational health SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Johnson, A. C.] Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden. [Morata, T.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD JUL 17 PY 2010 VL 196 SU S BP S3 EP S4 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.032 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA V25II UT WOS:000208471300011 ER PT J AU Tangka, FK Trogdon, JG Richardson, LC Howard, D Sabatino, SA Finkelstein, EA AF Tangka, Florence K. Trogdon, Justin G. Richardson, Lisa C. Howard, David Sabatino, Susan A. Finkelstein, Eric A. TI Cancer Treatment Cost in the United States Has the Burden Shifted Over Time? SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE cancer; medical expenditures; health insurance; Medicaid; cost of illness; Medical Expenditure Panel Survey; National Medical Expenditure Survey ID BREAST-CANCER; MEPS; CARE; EXPENDITURES; MORTALITY; THERAPY; MODELS; TRENDS AB BACKGROUND: There has not been a comprehensive analysis of how aggregate cancer costs have changed over time. The authors present 1) updated estimates of the prevalence and total cost of cancer for select payers and how these have changed over the past 2 decades; and 2) for each payer, the distribution of payments by type of service over time to assess whether there have been shifts in cancer treatment settings. METHODS: Pooled data from the 2001 through 2005 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey and the 1987 National Medical Care Expenditure Survey were used for the analysis. The authors used an econometric approach to estimate cancer-attributable medical expenditures by payer and type of service. RESULTS: In 1987, the total medical cost of cancer (in 2007 US dollars) was $24.7 billion. Private payers financed the largest share of the total (42%), followed by Medicare (33%), out of pocket (17%), other public (7%), and Medicaid (1%). Between 1987 and the 2001 to 2005 period, the total medical cost of cancer increased to $48.1 billion. In 2001 to 2005, the shares of cancer costs were: private insurance (50%), Medicare (34%), out of pocket (8%), other public (5%), and Medicaid (3%). The share of total cancer costs that resulted from inpatient admissions fell from 64.4% in 1987 to 27.5% in 2001 to 2005. CONCLUSIONS: The authors identified 3 trends in the total costs of cancer: 1) the medical costs of cancer have nearly doubled; 2) cancer costs have shifted away from the inpatient setting; and 3) the share of these costs paid for by private insurance and Medicaid have increased. Cancer 2010;116:3477-84. Published 2010 by American Cancer Society.* C1 [Tangka, Florence K.; Richardson, Lisa C.; Sabatino, Susan A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DCPC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Trogdon, Justin G.] RTI Int, Publ Hlth Econ Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Howard, David] Emory Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Finkelstein, Eric A.] Duke NUS Grad Med Sch, Hlth Serv Res Program, Singapore, Singapore. RP Tangka, FK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DCPC, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM fbt9@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD JUL 15 PY 2010 VL 116 IS 14 BP 3477 EP 3484 DI 10.1002/cncr.25150 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 623PM UT WOS:000279754300023 PM 20564103 ER PT J AU Kontoyiannis, DP Park, BJ Wannemuehler, KA Chiller, TM Pappas, PG AF Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P. Park, Benjamin J. Wannemuehler, Kathleen A. Chiller, Tom M. Pappas, Peter G. TI Underestimating the Real Burden of Invasive Fungal Infections in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients? Reply SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Infect Dis Infect Control & Employee Hlth, Unit 402, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Park, Benjamin J.; Wannemuehler, Kathleen A.; Chiller, Tom M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pappas, Peter G.] Univ Alabama Birmingham Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Kontoyiannis, DP (reprint author), Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Infect Dis Infect Control & Employee Hlth, Unit 402, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM dkontoyi@mdanderson.org NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2010 VL 51 IS 2 BP 254 EP 255 DI 10.1086/653685 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 612UQ UT WOS:000278929900023 ER PT J AU Johnson, PI Stapleton, HM Slodin, A Meeker, JD AF Johnson, Paula I. Stapleton, Heather M. Slodin, Andreas Meeker, John D. TI Relationships between Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether Concentrations in House Dust and Serum SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER; HUMAN EXPOSURE; PBDES; DEBROMINATION; BDE-209; WORKERS; FOOD AB Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been measured in the home environment and in humans, but studies linking environmental levels to body burdens are limited. This study examines the relationship between PBDE concentrations in house dust and serum from adults residing in these homes. We measured PBDE concentrations in house dust from 50 homes and in serum of male female couples from 12 of the homes. Detection rates, dust-serum, and within-matrix correlations varied by PBDE congener. There was a strong correlation (r = 0.65-0.89, p < 0.05) between dust and serum concentrations of several predominant PBDE congeners (BDE 47, 99, and 100). Dust and serum levels of BDE 153 were not correlated (r < 0.01). The correlation of dust and serum levels of BDE 209 could not be evaluated due to low detection rates of BDE 209 in serum. Serum concentrations of the sum of BDE 47, 99, and 100 were also strongly correlated within couples (r = 0.85, p = 0.0005). This study provides evidence that house dust is a primary exposure pathway of PBDEs and supports the use of dust PBDE concentrations as a marker for exposure to PBDE congeners other than BDE 153. C1 [Johnson, Paula I.; Meeker, John D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Stapleton, Heather M.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Slodin, Andreas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Meeker, JD (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM meekerj@umich.edu OI Meeker, John/0000-0001-8357-5085 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [R01 ES009718, R01 ES016099] FX Work supported by R01 ES009718 and R01 ES016099 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). We are very grateful to Russ Hauser (Harvard School of Public Health and Harvard Medical School), who is principal investigator of the ongoing reproductive health study, and Drs. Thomas Webster and Michael McClean (Boston University) for their guidance on study design. Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 39 TC 116 Z9 118 U1 3 U2 48 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 14 BP 5627 EP 5632 DI 10.1021/es100697q PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 623NF UT WOS:000279747100053 PM 20521814 ER PT J AU Humblet, O Williams, PL Korrick, SA Sergeyev, O Emond, C Birnbaum, LS Burns, JS Altshul, L Patterson, DG Turner, WE Lee, MM Revich, B Hauser, R AF Humblet, Olivier Williams, Paige L. Korrick, Susan A. Sergeyev, Oleg Emond, Claude Birnbaum, Linda S. Burns, Jane S. Altshul, Larisa Patterson, Donald G., Jr. Turner, Wayman E. Lee, Mary M. Revich, Boris Hauser, Russ TI Predictors of Serum Dioxin, Furan, and PCB Concentrations among Women from Chapaevsk, Russia SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; AIR-FORCE VETERANS; DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS; US POPULATION; BODY BURDEN; HUMAN-MILK; EXPOSURE; HEALTH; 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN; POLLUTION AB Dioxins, furans, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent and bioaccumulative toxic chemicals that are ubiquitous in the environment We assessed predictors of their serum concentrations among women living in a Russian town contaminated by past industrial activity. Blood samples from 446 mothers aged 23-52 years were collected between 2003-2005 as part of the Russian Children's Study. Serum dioxin, furan, and PCB concentrations were quantified using high-resolution gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Potential determinants of exposure were collected through interviews. Multivariate linear regression models were used to identify predictors of serum concentrations and toxic equivalencies (TEQs). The median total PCB concentrations and total TEQs were 260 ng/g lipid and 25 pg TEQ/g lipid, respectively. In multivariate analyses, both total PCB concentrations and total TEQs increased significantly with age, residential proximity to a local chemical plant, duration of local farming, and consumption of local beef. Both decreased with longer breastfeeding, recent increases in body mass index, and later blood draw date. These demographic and lifestyle predictors showed generally similar associations with the various measures of serum dioxins, furans, and PCBs. C1 [Humblet, Olivier; Korrick, Susan A.; Burns, Jane S.; Hauser, Russ] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Environm & Occupat Med & Epidemiol Program, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Williams, Paige L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Korrick, Susan A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Korrick, Susan A.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Channing Lab, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Sergeyev, Oleg] Samara State Med Univ, Dept Phys Educ & Hlth, Samara, Russia. [Sergeyev, Oleg] Chapaevsk Med Assoc, Chapaevsk, Russia. [Emond, Claude] Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Birnbaum, Linda S.] NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Birnbaum, Linda S.] NIH, Natl Toxicol Program, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Altshul, Larisa] Environm Hlth & Engn Inc, Needham, MA USA. [Patterson, Donald G., Jr.] EnviroSolut Consulting Inc, Jasper, GA USA. [Turner, Wayman E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lee, Mary M.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Pediat Endocrinol Div, Worcester, MA USA. [Lee, Mary M.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. [Revich, Boris] Russian Acad Sci, Ctr Demog & Human Ecol, Inst Forecasting, Moscow, Russia. RP Hauser, R (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Environm & Occupat Med & Epidemiol Program, Dept Environm Hlth, 665 Huntington Ave,Bldg 1,Room 1405, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM rhauser@hohp.harvard.edu RI Sergeyev, Oleg/H-8854-2013; OI Sergeyev, Oleg/0000-0002-5745-3348; Lee, Mary/0000-0002-7204-4884 FU U.S. EPA [R82943701]; NIEHS [ES014370, ES00002, 5T32-ES07069-28]; NIEHS/NFIGRI [5T32ES016645-02] FX We gratefully thank the study participants and the staff of the Chapaevsk Medical Association. This work was funded by U.S. EPA grant R82943701 and NIEHS grants ES014370, ES00002, and 5T32-ES07069-28. O.H. is supported by 5T32ES016645-02 from NIEHS/NFIGRI. M.M.L. is a member of the UMass DERC (DK32520). The research described in this article has been reviewed by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The opinions expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. C.E. is an International Consultant and the President of BioSimulation Consulting Inc. L.A. is a consultant for Environmental Health and Engineering, Inc. D.G.P. is a consultant for Axys Analytical Solutions, Fluid Management Systems, Inc., and Trium Environmental Solutions. The other authors declare they have no competing financial interest. NR 33 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 14 BP 5633 EP 5640 DI 10.1021/es100976j PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 623NF UT WOS:000279747100054 PM 20578718 ER PT J AU Neta, G Goldman, LR Barr, D Sjodin, A Apelberg, BJ Witter, FR Halden, RU AF Neta, Gila Goldman, Lynn R. Barr, Dana Sjodin, Andreas Apelberg, Benjamin J. Witter, Frank R. Halden, Rolf U. TI Distribution and Determinants of Pesticide Mixtures in Cord Serum Using Principal Component Analysis SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; BIRTH-WEIGHT; EXPOSURE; PREGNANCY; BLOOD; ORGANOPHOSPHATES; POPULATION; NEWBORNS; TRENDS AB We characterized the distribution and determinants of fetal exposures to pesticide mixtures using a cross-sectional study of 297 singletons delivered at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, MD (2004-2005). Concentrations of nine persistent and twelve nonpersistent pesticides were measured in cord serum. Mixtures were identified using principal components analysis. Associations between mixtures and maternal and infant characteristics were evaluated using multivariate analysis. p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDT, trans-nonachlor, oxychlordane, bendiocarb, propoxur, and trans- and cis-permethrin were detected in 100, 90, 93, 84, 73, 55, 52, and 41% of serum samples, respectively. There were four independent pesticide components: DDT (p,p'-DDT + p,p'-DDE), chlordane (trans-nonachlor + oxychlordane), permethrin (trans-and cis-permethrins + PBUT), and carbamate (bendiocarb + propoxur). DDT and chlordane were 6.1 (95%CI: 2.4, 15.5) and 2.1 (95%CI: 1.0, 4.2) times higher for infants of women >35, and 1.8 (95%CI: 1.2, 2.9) and 1.5 (95%CI: 1.1, 2.1) times higher in smoking mothers. DDT and carbamate were 15 (95%CI: 7, 30) and 2 (95%CI: 1, 4) times higher for infants of Asian compared with Caucasian mothers. No significant differences were observed for permethrin. Fetal exposures to pesticides are widespread, occur as mixtures, and differ by maternal race, age, and smoking status. C1 [Neta, Gila; Goldman, Lynn R.; Apelberg, Benjamin J.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Barr, Dana; Sjodin, Andreas] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hlth Lab Sci, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Witter, Frank R.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Halden, Rolf U.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA. RP Neta, G (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM netagil@mail.nih.gov; lgoldman@jhsph.edu RI Goldman, Lynn/D-5372-2012; Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010; Halden, Rolf/F-9562-2010 OI Halden, Rolf/0000-0001-5232-7361 FU Center for a Livable Future; JHSPH Epidemiology Department; Maryland Cigarette Restitution Program Research; Maryland Mothers and Babies Study; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [NIEHS 1R01ES015445] FX We acknowledge the financial support G.N. received from the Center for a Livable Future and the JHSPH Epidemiology Department. This research was supported by the Maryland Cigarette Restitution Program Research Grant, Maryland Mothers and Babies Study, and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences grant NIEHS 1R01ES015445. NR 34 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 14 BP 5641 EP 5648 DI 10.1021/es1009778 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 623NF UT WOS:000279747100055 PM 20550184 ER PT J AU Reinstein, SL Lucio-Forster, A Bowman, DD Eberhard, ML Hoberg, EP Pot, SA Miller, PE AF Reinstein, Shelby L. Lucio-Forster, Araceli Bowman, Dwight D. Eberhard, Mark L. Hoberg, Eric P. Pot, Simon A. Miller, Paul E. TI Surgical extraction of an intraocular infection of Parelaphostrongylus tenuis in a horse SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID CANINE NEURAL ANGIOSTRONGYLOSIS; NORTH-AMERICA; ELAPHOSTRONGYLINAE NEMATODA; MENINGEAL WORM; PROTOSTRONGYLIDAE; DIAGNOSIS; LARVAE AB Case Description-A 4-year-old Hanoverian gelding was evaluated because of a mobile worm-like structure in the right eye. Clinical Findings-Ophthalmologic examination of the right eye revealed a white, thin, coiled, mobile parasite, which was presumed to be a nematode, located in the ventral portion of the anterior chamber of the eye; there also were vitreal strands located temporally and inferiorly near the margin of the pupil. Results of ophthalmologic examination of the left eye were unremarkable. Treatment and Outcome-The horse was treated with a neomycin-polymyxin B-dexamethasone ophthalmic solution applied topically (1 drop, q 8 h) to the right eye and penicillin V potassium (22,000 U/kg [10,000 U/lb], IV, q 6 h). The horse was anesthetized. A stab incision was made in the cornea, and a viscoelastic agent was infused around the parasite. The parasite was extracted via the incision by use of an iris hook and tying forceps. The horse had an uncomplicated recovery from the procedure and retained vision in the right eye. Gross and microscopic examination was used to identify the parasite as an adult meta-strongyloid nematode consistent with a fully developed male Parelaphostrongylus tenuis. Clinical Relevance-To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of intraocular parelaphostrongylosis in a horse. This report provided evidence that vision could be retained after treatment for intraocular P tenuis infection in a horse. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2010;237:196-199) C1 [Reinstein, Shelby L.; Pot, Simon A.; Miller, Paul E.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Dept Surg Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Lucio-Forster, Araceli; Bowman, Dwight D.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Eberhard, Mark L.] CDC, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hoberg, Eric P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20715 USA. RP Reinstein, SL (reprint author), Univ Penn, New Bolton Ctr, Sch Vet Med, Retinal Dis Studies Facil, Kennett Sq, PA 19348 USA. EM shelbyr@vet.upenn.edu NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 15 PY 2010 VL 237 IS 2 BP 196 EP 199 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 624FH UT WOS:000279801600028 PM 20632794 ER PT J AU Wasley, A Kruszon-Moran, D Kuhnert, W Simard, EP Finelli, L McQuillan, G Bell, B AF Wasley, Annemarie Kruszon-Moran, Deanna Kuhnert, Wendi Simard, Edgar P. Finelli, Lyn McQuillan, Geraldine Bell, Beth TI The Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in the United States in the Era of Vaccination SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; CARRIER STATE; CHILDREN; TAIWAN; AGE; IMMUNIZATION; IMMUNITY; COVERAGE; BOOSTER; DISEASE AB Background. Our objective was to assess trends in the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the United States after widespread hepatitis B vaccination. Methods. The prevalence of HBV infection and immunity was determined in a representative sample of the US population for the periods 1999-2006 and 1988-1994. National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys participants >= 6 years of age were tested for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs). Prevalence estimates were weighted and age-adjusted. Results. During the period 1999-2006, age-adjusted prevalences of anti-HBc (4.7%) and HBsAg (0.27%) were not statistically different from what they were during 1988-1994 (5.4% and 0.38%, respectively). The prevalence of anti-HBc decreased among persons 6-19 years of age (from 1.9% to 0.6%; P <.01) and 20-49 years of age (from 5.9% to 4.6%; P<.05) but not among persons >= 50 years of age (7.2% vs 7.7%). During 1999-2006, the prevalence of anti-HBc was higher among non-Hispanic blacks (12.2%) and persons of "Other" race (13.3%) than it was among non-Hispanic whites (2.8%) or Mexican Americans (2.9%), and it was higher among foreign-born participants (12.2%) than it was among US-born participants (3.5%). Prevalence among US-born children 6-19 years of age (0.5%) did not differ by race or ethnicity. Disparities between US-born and foreign-born children were smaller during 1999-1996 (0.5% vs 2.0%) than during 1988-1994 (1.0% vs 12.8%). Among children 6-19 years of age, 56.7% had markers of vaccine-induced immunity. Conclusions. HBV prevalence decreased among US children, which reflected the impact of global and domestic vaccination, but it changed little among adults, and similar to 730,000 US residents (95% confidence interval, 550,000940,000) are chronically infected. C1 [Wasley, Annemarie; Kuhnert, Wendi; Finelli, Lyn; Bell, Beth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kruszon-Moran, Deanna; McQuillan, Geraldine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Simard, Edgar P.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Publ Hlth, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Wasley, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, MS E05,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM acw5@cdc.gov RI Simard, Edgar/G-4552-2010 OI Simard, Edgar/0000-0001-8093-2067 NR 39 TC 150 Z9 155 U1 0 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2010 VL 202 IS 2 BP 192 EP 201 DI 10.1086/653622 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 612VL UT WOS:000278932900003 PM 20533878 ER PT J AU Esposito, DH Gardner, TJ Schneider, E Stockman, LJ Tate, JE Panozzo, CA Robbins, CL Jenkerson, SA Thomas, L Watson, CM Curns, AT Erdman, DD Lu, XY Cromeans, T Westcott, M Humphries, C Ballantyne, J Fischer, GE McLaughlin, JB Armstrong, G Anderson, LJ AF Esposito, Douglas H. Gardner, Tracie J. Schneider, Eileen Stockman, Lauren J. Tate, Jacqueline E. Panozzo, Catherine A. Robbins, Cheryl L. Jenkerson, Sue A. Thomas, Lorita Watson, Colleen M. Curns, Aaron T. Erdman, Dean D. Lu, Xiaoyan Cromeans, Theresa Westcott, Mary Humphries, Catherine Ballantyne, Jayme Fischer, Gayle E. McLaughlin, Joseph B. Armstrong, Gregory Anderson, Larry J. TI Outbreak of Pneumonia Associated with Emergent Human Adenovirus Serotype 14-Southeast Alaska, 2008 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID US MILITARY RECRUITS; RESPIRATORY ILLNESS; DISEASE; TYPE-7 AB Background. In September 2008, an outbreak of pneumonia associated with an emerging human adenovirus (human adenovirus serotype 14 [HAdV-14]) occurred on a rural Southeast Alaska island. Nine patients required hospitalization, and 1 patient died. Methods. To investigate the outbreak, pneumonia case patients were matched to control participants on the basis of age, sex, and community of residence. Participants in the investigation and their household contacts were interviewed, and serum samples and respiratory tract specimens were collected. Risk factors were evaluated by means of conditional logistic regression. Results. Among 32 pneumonia case patients, 21 (65%) had confirmed or probable HAdV-14 infection. None of 32 matched control participants had evidence of HAdV-14 infection (P < .001 for the difference). Factors independently associated with pneumonia included contact with a known HAdV-14-infected case patient (odds ratio [OR], 18.3 [95% confidence interval {CI}, >= 2.0]), current smoking (OR, 6.7 [95% CI, >= 0.9]), and having neither traveled off the island nor attended a large public gathering (OR, 14.7 [95% CI, >= 2.0]). Fourteen (67%) of 21 HAdV-14-positive case patients belonged to a single network of people who socialized and often smoked together and infrequently traveled off the island. HAdV-14 infection occurred in 43% of case-patient household contacts, compared with 5% of control-participant household contacts (P = .005) Conclusions. During a community outbreak in Alaska, HAdV-14 appeared to have spread mostly among close contacts and not widely in the community. Demographic characteristics and illness patterns among the case patients were similar to those observed in other recent outbreaks of HAdV-14 infection in the United States. C1 [Esposito, Douglas H.; Schneider, Eileen; Stockman, Lauren J.; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Panozzo, Catherine A.; Curns, Aaron T.; Erdman, Dean D.; Lu, Xiaoyan; Cromeans, Theresa; Fischer, Gayle E.; Armstrong, Gregory; Anderson, Larry J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gardner, Tracie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Robbins, Cheryl L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gardner, Tracie J.; Jenkerson, Sue A.; McLaughlin, Joseph B.] Alaska Dept Publ Hlth, Anchorage, AK USA. [Thomas, Lorita] Alicia Roberts Hlth Ctr, SE Alaska Reg Hlth Consortium, Klawock, AK USA. [Westcott, Mary; Humphries, Catherine; Ballantyne, Jayme] Alaska State Publ Hlth Virol Lab, Fairbanks, AK USA. RP Esposito, DH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, 1600 Clinton Rd NE,MS-A47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hgj4@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 17 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2010 VL 202 IS 2 BP 214 EP 222 DI 10.1086/653498 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 612VL UT WOS:000278932900005 PM 20533881 ER PT J AU MacNeil, A Comer, JA Ksiazek, TG Rollin, PE AF MacNeil, Adam Comer, James A. Ksiazek, Thomas G. Rollin, Pierre E. TI Sin Nombre Virus-Specific Immunoglobulin M and G Kinetics in Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome and the Role Played by Serologic Responses in Predicting Disease Outcome SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CARDIOPULMONARY SYNDROME; NEPHROPATHIA-EPIDEMICA; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; IDENTIFICATION; ANTIBODIES; IGG AB Background. Sin Nombre virus (SNV) is the primary cause of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in the United States. Although other studies have demonstrated a possible association between neutralizing antibody titers and the severity of HPS, the exact nature of serologic responses and their association with outcomes have not been fully characterized. Methods. We examined immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) serologic responses in 94 clinical samples from 81 patients with confirmed HPS. We further compared a subset of 31 patients with fatal HPS and 20 surviving patients for whom samples were available within a week after the onset of HPS. Results. SNV-specific IgM antibodies displayed a trend suggesting an early peak, whereas IgG antibody values peaked later. Among individuals with samples from the first week after the onset of HPS, all surviving patients had SNV-specific IgG responses, compared with <50% of patients with fatal HPS, and the distribution of IgG responses was significantly higher in surviving patients. Conclusions. Production of SNV-specific IgM antibodies occurs early during the clinical course of HPS, whereas production of IgG antibodies may be more protracted. The presence and overall distribution of higher IgG antibody titers in surviving patients with HPS suggests that production of SNV-specific IgG may be a strong predictor of favorable outcomes. C1 [MacNeil, Adam; Comer, James A.; Ksiazek, Thomas G.; Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP MacNeil, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aho3@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2010 VL 202 IS 2 BP 242 EP 246 DI 10.1086/653482 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 612VL UT WOS:000278932900008 PM 20521946 ER PT J AU Khan, SM Debnath, C Pramanik, AK Xiao, LH Nozaki, T Ganguly, S AF Khan, Shahbaz Manzoor Debnath, Chanchal Pramanik, Amiya Kumar Xiao, Lihua Nozaki, Tomoyoshi Ganguly, Sandipan TI Molecular characterization and assessment of zoonotic transmission of Cryptosporidium from dairy cattle in West Bengal, India SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; Dairy cattle; Zoonoses; India; Genotyping; Phylogenetic analysis ID N. SP APICOMPLEXA; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; BOS-TAURUS; PUBLIC-HEALTH; PREVALENCE; CALVES; GENOTYPES; GIARDIA; FARM; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Few studies in the past have examined the genetic diversity and zoonotic potential of Cryptosporidium in dairy cattle in India. To assess the importance of these animals as a source of human Cryptosporidium infections, fecal samples from 180 calves, heifers and adults and 51 farm workers on two dairy farms in West Bengal, India were genotyped by PCR-RFLP analysis of the 18S rRNA gene of Cryptosporidium followed by DNA sequencing of the PCR products. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out on the DNA sequences obtained in the study and those available in GenBank. The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium in cattle was 11.7% though the infection was more prevalent in younger calves than in adult cattle. The occurrence of Cryptosporidium parvum, Cryptosporidium bovis, Cryptosporidium ryanae and Cryptosporidium andersoni in cattle followed an age-related pattern. A Cryptosporidium suis-like genotype was also detected in a calf. Farm workers were infected with Cryptosporidium hominis, C. parvum and a novel C. bovis genotype. These findings clearly suggest that there is a potential risk of zoonotic transmission of Cryptosporidium infections between cattle and humans on dairy farms in India. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Khan, Shahbaz Manzoor; Ganguly, Sandipan] Natl Inst Cholera & Enter Dis, Div Parasitol, Kolkata 700010, W Bengal, India. [Khan, Shahbaz Manzoor; Debnath, Chanchal; Pramanik, Amiya Kumar] W Bengal Univ Anim & Fishery Sci, Kolkata 700037, W Bengal, India. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ganguly, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Cholera & Enter Dis, Div Parasitol, P-33,CIT Rd, Kolkata 700010, W Bengal, India. EM sandipanganguly@hotmail.com RI khan, raja/B-5726-2012; Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU Okayama University Program of Founding Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Disease, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; Japan Health Sciences Foundation; US Embassy in India and Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Disease and Disease Surveillance (ERIDDS), USA; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA; U.S. Embassy New Delhi FX This study was supported partially by grants from (i) Okayama University Program of Founding Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Disease, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, (ii) The Japan Health Sciences Foundation and (iii) US Embassy in India and Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Disease and Disease Surveillance (ERIDDS), USA and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA. The authors acknowledge Dr. Altaf Lal, Health Attach and HHS Regional Representative for South Asia, U.S. Embassy New Delhi for his constructive suggestions, comments, support and immense help throughout the entire study; Prof. Y. Takeda and Dr. G.B. Nair for their continuous constructive suggestions, support and critical review during this study; and Debarati Ganguly of Calcutta University for her careful proof reading and correction of English in the manuscript. Authors also acknowledge Mr. Avik Kumar Mukherjee and Mr. Arjun Ghosh of Ganguly lab for their technical discussion during the study. NR 36 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD JUL 15 PY 2010 VL 171 IS 1-2 BP 41 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.03.008 PG 7 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 622EP UT WOS:000279644100006 PM 20356678 ER PT J AU Majer, M Nater, UM Lin, JMS Capuron, L Reeves, WC AF Majer, Matthias Nater, Urs M. Lin, Jin-Mann S. Capuron, Lucile Reeves, William C. TI Association of childhood trauma with cognitive function in healthy adults: a pilot study SO BMC NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; SMALLER HIPPOCAMPAL VOLUME; CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; EARLY-LIFE STRESS; MATERNAL SEPARATION; HPA AXIS; CHILDREN; MEMORY; NEUROBIOLOGY; PERFORMANCE AB Background: Animal and human studies suggest that stress experienced early in life has detrimental consequences on brain development, including brain regions involved in cognitive function. Cognitive changes are cardinal features of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder. Early-life trauma is a major risk factor for these disorders. Only few studies have measured the long-term consequences of childhood trauma on cognitive function in healthy adults. Methods: In this pilot study, we investigated the relationship between childhood trauma exposure and cognitive function in 47 healthy adults, who were identified as part of a larger study from the general population in Wichita, KS. We used the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) and the Wide-Range-Achievement-Test (WRAT-3) to examine cognitive function and individual achievement. Type and severity of childhood trauma was assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression on CANTAB measures with primary predictors (CTQ scales) and potential confounders (age, sex, education, income). Results: Specific CTQ scales were significantly associated with measures of cognitive function. Emotional abuse was associated with impaired spatial working memory performance. Physical neglect correlated with impaired spatial working memory and pattern recognition memory. Sexual abuse and physical neglect were negatively associated with WRAT-3 scores. However, the association did not reach the significance level of p < 0.01. Conclusions: Our results suggest that physical neglect and emotional abuse might be associated with memory deficits in adulthood, which in turn might pose a risk factor for the development of psychopathology. C1 [Majer, Matthias; Nater, Urs M.; Lin, Jin-Mann S.; Reeves, William C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Majer, Matthias; Nater, Urs M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. [Capuron, Lucile] Univ Bordeaux 2, INRA, Lab Psychoneuroimmunol Nutr & Genet, F-33076 Bordeaux, France. RP Reeves, WC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wcr1@cdc.gov RI Nater, Urs/J-6898-2013; OI Nater, Urs/0000-0002-2430-5090 FU Abt Associates, Inc.; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Emory University School of Medicine FX We thank Abt Associates, Inc., for their contributions. The study was fully funded by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and conducted in collaboration with Emory University School of Medicine. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agency. The authors have no financial interests related to the results of this study. NR 43 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 3 U2 23 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2377 J9 BMC NEUROL JI BMC Neurol. PD JUL 14 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 61 DI 10.1186/1471-2377-10-61 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 637KJ UT WOS:000280815900001 PM 20630071 ER PT J AU Manderscheid, R Delvecchio, P Marshall, C Palpant, RG Bigham, J Bornemann, TH Kobau, R Zack, M Langmaid, G Thompson, W Lubar, D AF Manderscheid, R. Delvecchio, P. Marshall, C. Palpant, R. G. Bigham, J. Bornemann, T. H. Kobau, R. Zack, M. Langmaid, G. Thompson, W. Lubar, D. TI Attitudes Toward Mental Illness-35 States, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico, 2007 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 619-625, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID POPULATION; PEOPLE C1 [Kobau, R.; Zack, M.; Langmaid, G.; Thompson, W.; Lubar, D.] CDC, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 14 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 2 BP 149 EP 152 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 624IN UT WOS:000279811000010 ER PT J AU Mehler, L Schwartz, A Diebolt-Brown, B Badakhsh, R Calvert, GM Lee, SJ AF Mehler, L. Schwartz, A. Diebolt-Brown, B. Badakhsh, R. Calvert, G. M. Lee, S. J. TI Acute Antimicrobial Pesticide-Related Illnesses Among Workers in Health-Care Facilities-California, Louisiana, Michigan, and Texas, 2002-2007 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 551-556, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID ASTHMA C1 [Badakhsh, R.] Louisiana Dept Hlth & Hosp, Baton Rouge, LA 70821 USA. [Calvert, G. M.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Lee, S. J.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 14 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 2 BP 152 EP 154 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 624IN UT WOS:000279811000011 ER PT J AU Winston, CA Navin, TR AF Winston, Carla A. Navin, Thomas R. TI Birth cohort effect on latent tuberculosis infection prevalence, United States SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HOSPITAL EMPLOYEES; NATIONAL TRENDS; 3 DECADES AB Background: Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) prevalence in the United States decreased approximately 60% in the three decades between the 1971-1972 and 1999-2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) surveys. We examined the effects of birth cohort on LTBI prevalence over time. Methods: Using weighted data analysis software to account for NHANES survey design, we calculated the difference in LTBI prevalence between 1971-1972 and 1999-2000 for birth cohorts corresponding to 5-year intervals (1912-1916, 1917-1921, 1922-1926, 1927-1931, 1932-1936, 1937-1941, 1942-1946). Results: LTBI prevalence was significantly lower in 1999-2000 compared to 1971-1972 for cohorts born in 1926 or earlier (19% versus 5%), but not for cohorts born 1927-1946 (9% versus 7%). Adjustment for cohort restriction and foreign-birth did not qualitatively change the results. Conclusions: Although older age groups have higher rates of TB infection than younger groups, nationally representative U. S. survey data suggest that observed LTBI prevalence in older people represents an underestimate of infection, because of the birth cohort effect and waning immunologic reactivity. C1 [Winston, Carla A.; Navin, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Winston, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cwinston@cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We acknowledge Jeanne M. Courval for developing TST non-participation weights, for which methods have been published [1]. Funding provided solely by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD JUL 13 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 206 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-10-206 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 666RX UT WOS:000283137600002 PM 20626871 ER PT J AU Anderson, LM Mensah, G Ezzati, M Moran, A Connor, M Sacco, RL Gardener, H Truelsen, T Feigin, VL AF Anderson, Laurie M. Mensah, George Ezzati, Majid Moran, Andrew Connor, Myles Sacco, Ralph L. Gardener, Hannah Truelsen, Thomas Feigin, Valery L. TI Stroke in the Global Burden of Disease Study (1995-2005): Current Methodological Approach and Challenges in Finding Reliable and Representative Data SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT World Congress of Cardiology Scientific Sessions CY JUN 16-19, 2010 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA C1 [Anderson, Laurie M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mensah, George] Global Res & Dev PepsiCo, Purchase, NY USA. [Ezzati, Majid] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Moran, Andrew] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Connor, Myles] Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Sacco, Ralph L.; Gardener, Hannah] Univ Miami, Miami, FL USA. [Truelsen, Thomas] Univ Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Feigin, Valery L.] Auckland Univ Technol, Auckland, New Zealand. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JUL 13 PY 2010 VL 122 IS 2 MA 366 BP E175 EP E175 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 624FI UT WOS:000279801702290 ER PT J AU Mensah, G Brown, D Mokdad, A Moran, A Ezzati, M AF Mensah, George Brown, David Mokdad, Ali Moran, Andrew Ezzati, Majid TI Deaths Incorrectly Assigned to Heart Failure as the Underlying Cause in Men and Women, United States Compressed Mortality Files, 1979-2005 SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT World Congress of Cardiology Scientific Sessions CY JUN 16-19, 2010 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA C1 [Mensah, George] Global Res & Dev PepsiCo, Purchase, NY USA. [Brown, David] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mokdad, Ali] Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA USA. [Moran, Andrew] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Ezzati, Majid] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JUL 13 PY 2010 VL 122 IS 2 MA P385 BP E179 EP E179 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 624FI UT WOS:000279801702310 ER PT J AU Singh, D Hirota, S Li, XM Pickett, M Benjamin, E Terry, N Gillum, R Zheng, ZJ Mensah, G Chugh, S AF Singh, David Hirota, Sean Li, Ximin Pickett, Melissa Benjamin, Emelia Terry, Nancy Gillum, Richard Zheng, Zhi-Jie Mensah, George Chugh, Sumeet TI Preliminary Report of the Global and Regional Epidemiology of Atrial Fibrillation SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT World Congress of Cardiology Scientific Sessions CY JUN 16-19, 2010 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA C1 [Singh, David; Hirota, Sean; Li, Ximin; Pickett, Melissa; Chugh, Sumeet] Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. [Terry, Nancy] Natl Inst Hlth Lib, Bethesda, MD USA. [Gillum, Richard; Zheng, Zhi-Jie] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Benjamin, Emelia; Mensah, George] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JUL 13 PY 2010 VL 122 IS 2 MA P590 BP E215 EP E215 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 624FI UT WOS:000279801702484 ER PT J AU Wang, GJ Zhang, ZF Ayala, C Wall, H Fang, J AF Wang, Guijing Zhang, Zefeng Ayala, Carma Wall, Hilary Fang, Jing TI Hospitalization Costs Associated with Heart Failure in an Insured Population Aged 18-64 Years in the United States SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT World Congress of Cardiology Scientific Sessions CY JUN 16-19, 2010 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA C1 [Wang, Guijing; Zhang, Zefeng; Ayala, Carma; Wall, Hilary; Fang, Jing] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JUL 13 PY 2010 VL 122 IS 2 MA P421 BP E186 EP E186 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 624FI UT WOS:000279801702340 ER PT J AU Wang, GJ AF Wang, Guijing TI Economic Costs of Hypertension in the United States SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT World Congress of Cardiology Scientific Sessions CY JUN 16-19, 2010 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA C1 [Wang, Guijing] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JUL 13 PY 2010 VL 122 IS 2 MA 0500 BP E114 EP E114 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 624FI UT WOS:000279801701452 ER PT J AU Jang, SW Liu, X Chan, CB France, SA Sayeed, I Tang, WX Lin, X Xiao, G Andero, R Chang, QA Ressler, KJ Ye, KQ AF Jang, Sung-Wuk Liu, Xia Chan, Chi Bun France, Stefan A. Sayeed, Iqbal Tang, Wenxue Lin, Xi Xiao, Ge Andero, Raul Chang, Qiang Ressler, Kerry J. Ye, Keqiang TI Deoxygedunin, a Natural Product with Potent Neurotrophic Activity in Mice SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; CEREBRAL-ARTERY OCCLUSION; ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS; FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; TRK RECEPTORS; INFARCT SIZE; FACTOR BDNF; BRAIN AB Gedunin, a family of natural products from the Indian neem tree, possess a variety of biological activities. Here we report the discovery of deoxygedunin, which activates the mouse TrkB receptor and its downstream signaling cascades. Deoxygedunin is orally available and activates TrkB in mouse brain in a BDNF-independent way. Strikingly, it prevents the degeneration of vestibular ganglion in BDNF -/- pups. Moreover, deoxygedunin robustly protects rat neurons from cell death in a TrkB-dependent manner. Further, administration of deoxygedunin into mice displays potent neuroprotective, anti-depressant and learning enhancement effects, all of which are mediated by the TrkB receptor. Hence, deoxygedunin imitates BDNF's biological activities through activating TrkB, providing a powerful therapeutic tool for treatment of various neurological diseases. C1 [Jang, Sung-Wuk; Liu, Xia; Chan, Chi Bun; Ye, Keqiang] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [France, Stefan A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Sayeed, Iqbal] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Tang, Wenxue; Lin, Xi] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol & Cell Biol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Xiao, Ge] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Andero, Raul] Autonomous Univ Barcelona, Anim Physiol Unit, Inst Neurosci, Barcelona, Spain. [Chang, Qiang] Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr, Dept Genet & Neurol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Ressler, Kerry J.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Jang, SW (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM kye@emory.edu RI Andero, Raul/C-1217-2017; OI Andero, Raul/0000-0003-3641-8903; Ressler, Kerry/0000-0002-5158-1103 FU National Institute of Health [RO1 CA127119] FX This work is supported by grants from National Institute of Health RO1 CA127119 to K. Ye. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 52 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 13 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 7 AR e11528 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0011528 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 624MG UT WOS:000279822300006 PM 20644624 ER PT J AU Kim, SC Becker, S Dieffenbach, C Hanewall, BS Hankins, C Lo, YR Mellors, JW O'Reilly, K Paxton, L Roffenbender, JS Warren, M Piot, P Dybul, MR AF Kim, Susan C. Becker, Stephen Dieffenbach, Carl Hanewall, Blair S. Hankins, Catherine Lo, Ying-Ru Mellors, John W. O'Reilly, Kevin Paxton, Lynn Roffenbender, Jason S. Warren, Mitchell Piot, Peter Dybul, Mark R. TI Planning for pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV transmission: challenges and opportunities SO JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material ID INFECTION; AFRICA AB There are currently several ongoing or planned trials evaluating the efficacy of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) as a preventative approach to reducing the transmission of HIV. PrEP may prove ineffective, demonstrate partial efficacy, or show high efficacy and have the potential to reduce HIV infection in a significant way. However, in addition to the trial results, it is important that issues related to delivery, implementation and further research are also discussed. As a part of the ongoing discussion, in June 2009, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation sponsored a Planning for PrEP conference with stakeholders to review expected trial results, outline responsible educational approaches, and develop potential delivery and implementation strategies. The conference reinforced the need for continued and sustained dialogue to identify where PrEP implementation may fit best within an integrated HIV prevention package. This paper identifies the key action points that emerged from the Planning for PrEP meeting. C1 [Kim, Susan C.; Roffenbender, Jason S.; Dybul, Mark R.] Georgetown Univ, ONeill Inst Natl & Global Hlth Law, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Becker, Stephen; Hanewall, Blair S.] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. [Dieffenbach, Carl] NIAID, Washington, DC USA. [Hankins, Catherine] Joint United Nations Programme HIV AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland. [Lo, Ying-Ru; O'Reilly, Kevin] World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland. [Mellors, John W.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Paxton, Lynn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Washington, DC USA. [Warren, Mitchell] AIDS Vaccine Advocacy Coalit, New York, NY USA. [Piot, Peter] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Inst Global Hlth, London, England. [Dybul, Mark R.] George W Bush Inst, Dallas, TX USA. RP Kim, SC (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, ONeill Inst Natl & Global Hlth Law, Washington, DC 20057 USA. EM sck3@law.georgetown.edu OI Hankins, Catherine/0000-0002-1642-8592 FU PHS HHS [1U01A 1068633] NR 25 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1758-2652 J9 J INT AIDS SOC JI J. Int. AIDS Soc. PD JUL 12 PY 2010 VL 13 AR 24 DI 10.1186/1758-2652-13-24 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 839CO UT WOS:000296342500001 PM 20624303 ER PT J AU Terlouw, DJ Morgah, K Wolkon, A Dare, A Dorkenoo, A Eliades, MJ Eng, JV Sodahlon, YK ter Kuile, FO Hawley, WA AF Terlouw, Dianne J. Morgah, Kodjo Wolkon, Adam Dare, Aboudou Dorkenoo, Ameyo Eliades, M. James Eng, Jodi Vanden Sodahlon, Yao K. ter Kuile, Feiko O. Hawley, William A. TI Impact of mass distribution of free long-lasting insecticidal nets on childhood malaria morbidity: The Togo National Integrated Child Health Campaign SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TREATED BEDNETS; MEASLES VACCINATION; EQUITABLE COVERAGE AB Background: An evaluation of the short-term impact on childhood malaria morbidity of mass distribution of free long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) to households with children aged 9-59 months as part of the Togo National Integrated Child Health Campaign. Methods: The prevalence of anaemia and malaria in children aged zero to 59 months was measured during two cross-sectional household cluster-sample surveys conducted during the peak malaria transmission, three months before (Sept 2004, n = 2521) and nine months after the campaign (Sept 2005, n = 2813) in three districts representative of Togo's three epidemiological malaria transmission regions: southern tropical coastal plains (Yoto), central fertile highlands (Ogou) and northern semi-arid savannah (Tone). Results: In households with children <5 years of age, insecticide-treated net (ITN) ownership increased from <1% to >65% in all 3 districts. Reported ITN use by children during the previous night was 35.9%, 43.8% and 80.6% in Yoto, Ogou and Tone, respectively. Rainfall patterns were comparable in both years. The overall prevalence of moderate to severe anaemia (Hb < 8.0 g/dL) was reduced by 28% (prevalence ratio [ PR] 0.72, 95% CI 0.62-0.84) and mean haemoglobin was increased by 0.35 g/dL (95% CI 0.25-0.45). The effect was predominantly seen in children aged 18-59 months and in the two southern districts: PR (95% CI) for moderate to severe anaemia and clinical malaria: Yoto 0.62 (0.44-0.88) and 0.49 (0.35-0.75); Ogou 0.54 (0.37-0.79) and 0.85 (0.57-1.27), respectively. Similar reductions occurred in children < 18 months in Ogou, but not in Yoto. No effect was seen in the semi-arid northern district despite a high malaria burden and ITN coverage. Conclusions: A marked reduction in childhood malaria associated morbidity was observed in the year following mass distribution of free LLINs in two of the three districts in Togo. Sub-national level impact evaluations will contribute to a better understanding of the impact of expanding national malaria control efforts. C1 [Terlouw, Dianne J.; ter Kuile, Feiko O.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Morgah, Kodjo; Dare, Aboudou; Dorkenoo, Ameyo; Sodahlon, Yao K.] Togo Minist Hlth, Natl Malaria Control Programme, Lome, Togo. [Wolkon, Adam; Eliades, M. James; Eng, Jodi Vanden; ter Kuile, Feiko O.; Hawley, William A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Terlouw, DJ (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Pembroke Pl, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. EM d.j.terlouw@liv.ac.uk OI ter Kuile, Feiko/0000-0003-3663-5617 FU Canadian Red Cross; Togo Ministry of Health FX We are grateful to the parents and guardians of the children who participated in the survey and the many field staff members and other people who assisted with and contributed to this project. This survey has been a joint international effort that has received support from various individuals and institutes. This study was financially supported by the Canadian Red Cross. We thank Poutougnima Tchamdja, Directeur General de la Sante for the support from the Togo Ministry of Health. We are grateful to Mr Norbert Paniah, Antoinette Awaga, Blaise Edoh and Messan Nyonato from the Togolese Red Cross for their logistical support. At the International Federation of the Red Cross, we thank Jean Roy and for his assistance. We also express our gratitude to Sanofi-Synthelabo in France and DAFRA in Belgium for their kind donations of Arsucam, the anti-malarial drug used in this survey. Similarly we thank Part Peeters, Chris Weeks and their colleagues at DHL for their expert assistance with the transportation of all involved study shipments for the first survey. At LSTM we thank Philip Gichuru for his statistical support. NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 12 PY 2010 VL 9 AR 199 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-9-199 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 657JV UT WOS:000282409900001 PM 20624305 ER PT J AU Durkin, MS Maenner, MJ Meaney, FJ Levy, SE DiGuiseppi, C Nicholas, JS Kirby, RS Pinto-Martin, JA Schieve, LA AF Durkin, Maureen S. Maenner, Matthew J. Meaney, F. John Levy, Susan E. DiGuiseppi, Carolyn Nicholas, Joyce S. Kirby, Russell S. Pinto-Martin, Jennifer A. Schieve, Laura A. TI Socioeconomic Inequality in the Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence from a US Cross-Sectional Study SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; INFANTILE-AUTISM; SOCIAL-CLASS; RISK-FACTORS; CHILDREN; HEALTH; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATION; AREA AB Background: This study was designed to evaluate the hypothesis that the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among children in the United States is positively associated with socioeconomic status (SES). Methods: A cross-sectional study was implemented with data from the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, a multiple source surveillance system that incorporates data from educational and health care sources to determine the number of 8-year-old children with ASD among defined populations. For the years 2002 and 2004, there were 3,680 children with ASD among a population of 557 689 8-year-old children. Area-level census SES indicators were used to compute ASD prevalence by SES tertiles of the population. Results: Prevalence increased with increasing SES in a dose-response manner, with prevalence ratios relative to medium SES of 0.70 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.64, 0.76) for low SES, and of 1.25 (95% CI 1.16, 1.35) for high SES, (P<0.001). Significant SES gradients were observed for children with and without a pre-existing ASD diagnosis, and in analyses stratified by gender, race/ethnicity, and surveillance data source. The SES gradient was significantly stronger in children with a pre-existing diagnosis than in those meeting criteria for ASD but with no previous record of an ASD diagnosis (p<0.001), and was not present in children with co-occurring ASD and intellectual disability. Conclusions: The stronger SES gradient in ASD prevalence in children with versus without a pre-existing ASD diagnosis points to potential ascertainment or diagnostic bias and to the possibility of SES disparity in access to services for children with autism. Further research is needed to confirm and understand the sources of this disparity so that policy implications can be drawn. Consideration should also be given to the possibility that there may be causal mechanisms or confounding factors associated with both high SES and vulnerability to ASD. C1 [Durkin, Maureen S.; Maenner, Matthew J.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Durkin, Maureen S.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Pediat, Madison, WI USA. [Durkin, Maureen S.; Maenner, Matthew J.] Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr, Madison, WI USA. [Meaney, F. John] Univ Arizona, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Levy, Susan E.] Univ Penn, Dept Pediat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [DiGuiseppi, Carolyn] Univ Colorado Denver, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aurora, CO USA. [Nicholas, Joyce S.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurosci, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Nicholas, Joyce S.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Kirby, Russell S.] Univ S Florida, Dept Community & Family Hlth, Tampa, FL USA. [Pinto-Martin, Jennifer A.] Univ Penn, Sch Nursing, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Pinto-Martin, Jennifer A.] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Schieve, Laura A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Durkin, MS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mdurkin@wisc.edu RI Durkin, Maureen/B-7834-2015 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [UR3/CCU523235, UR3/DD000078]; University of Wisconsin FX This work was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (www.cdc.gov), Cooperative Agreements UR3/CCU523235 and UR3/DD000078. Additional funding for graduate student support for data analysis was provided by the University of Wisconsin (www.wisc.edu). Scientists employed by the funding agency participated in the study design and data collection and one of these scientists, Dr. Laura Schieve, participated in the analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. NR 42 TC 77 Z9 79 U1 5 U2 29 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 12 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 7 AR e11551 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0011551 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 623XV UT WOS:000279781600026 PM 20634960 ER PT J AU Fairbrother, G Cassedy, A Ortega-Sanchez, IR Szilagyi, PG Edwards, KM Molinari, NA Donauer, S Henderson, D Ambrose, S Kent, D Poehling, K Weinberg, GA Griffin, MR Hall, CB Finelli, L Bridges, C Staat, MA AF Fairbrother, Gerry Cassedy, Amy Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael R. Szilagyi, Peter G. Edwards, Kathryn M. Molinari, Noelle-Angelique Donauer, Stephanie Henderson, Diana Ambrose, Sandra Kent, Diane Poehling, Katherine Weinberg, Geoffrey A. Griffin, Marie R. Hall, Caroline B. Finelli, Lyn Bridges, Carolyn Staat, Mary Allen CA New Vaccine Surveillance Network N TI High costs of influenza: Direct medical costs of influenza disease in young children SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Children; Medical cost; Influenza ID LABORATORY-CONFIRMED INFLUENZA; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; VACCINE EFFECTIVENESS; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT; OUTPATIENT VISITS; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE; HOSPITALIZATIONS; BURDEN; IMMUNIZATION AB This study determined direct medical costs for influenza-associated hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits. For 3 influenza seasons, children <5 years of age with laboratory-confirmed influenza were identified through population-based surveillance. The mean direct cost per hospitalized child was $5402, with annual cost burden estimated at $44 to $163 million. Factors associated with high-cost hospitalizations included intensive care unit (ICU) admission and having an underlying high-risk condition. The mean medical cost per ED visit was $512, with annual ED cost burden estimated at $62 to $279 million. Implementation of the current vaccination policies will likely reduce the cost burden. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fairbrother, Gerry; Cassedy, Amy; Donauer, Stephanie] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael R.; Molinari, Noelle-Angelique; Finelli, Lyn; Bridges, Carolyn; New Vaccine Surveillance Network N] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Szilagyi, Peter G.; Ambrose, Sandra; Weinberg, Geoffrey A.; Hall, Caroline B.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY USA. [Edwards, Kathryn M.; Kent, Diane; Griffin, Marie R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Poehling, Katherine] Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. RP Fairbrother, G (reprint author), Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. EM gerry.fairbrother@cchmc.org FU Staat; MedImmune; Merck and Company; GlaxoSmithKlien; CDC FX Obtained funding: Staat.; Financial Disclosures: The following authors have made disclosure: Marie Griffin has Marie R Griffin, MD, MPH has investigator initiated grant funding from MedImmune. Caroline Hall, MD has consulted for MedImmune. Mary Allen Staat, MD, MPH, has rotavirus research funding from Merck and Company and from GlaxoSmithKlien.; Funding/Support: CDC provided funding through cooperative agreements with the 3 sites. Role of the Sponsor: CDC provided data management support for the NVSN surveillance data. The study had CDC co-author(s) and CDC staff reviewed. NR 33 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 12 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 31 BP 4913 EP 4919 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.05.036 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 635MK UT WOS:000280659600010 PM 20576536 ER PT J AU Wiegand, RE AF Wiegand, Ryan E. TI Performance of using multiple stepwise algorithms for variable selection SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE stepwise; variable selection; regression ID LOGISTIC-REGRESSION ANALYSIS; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; SMALL DATA SETS; MODEL SELECTION; FRACTIONAL POLYNOMIALS; LINEAR-REGRESSION; PREDICTIVE MODELS; NOISE VARIABLES; HEART-FAILURE; RISK-FACTORS AB Some research studies in the medical literature use multiple stepwise variable selection (SVS) algorithms to build multivariable models. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the use of multiple SVS algorithms in tandem (stepwise agreement) is a valid variable selection procedure. Computer simulations were developed to address stepwise agreement. Three popular SVS algorithms were tested (backward elimination, forward selection, and stepwise) on three statistical methods (linear, logistic, and Cox proportional hazards regression). Other simulation parameters explored were the sample size, number of predictors considered, degree of correlation between pairs of predictors, p-value-based entrance and exit criteria, predictor type (normally distributed or binary), and differences between stepwise agreement between any two or all three algorithms. Among stepwise methods, the rate of agreement, agreement on a model including only those predictors truly associated with the outcome, and agreement on a model containing the predictors truly associated with the outcome were measured. These rates were dependent on all simulation parameters. Mostly, the SVS algorithms agreed on a final model, but rarely on a model with only the true predictors. Sample size and candidate predictor pool size are the most influential simulation conditions. To conclude, stepwise agreement is often a poor strategy that gives misleading results and researchers should avoid using multiple SVS algorithms to build multivariable models. More research on the relationship between sample size and variable selection is needed. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Wiegand, Ryan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wiegand, RE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-48, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fwk2@cdc.gov NR 113 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 35 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0277-6715 EI 1097-0258 J9 STAT MED JI Stat. Med. PD JUL 10 PY 2010 VL 29 IS 15 BP 1647 EP 1659 DI 10.1002/sim.3943 PG 13 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Mathematics GA 620MA UT WOS:000279502800007 PM 20552568 ER PT J AU Estes, CR Jackson, LL Castillo, DN AF Estes, C. R. Jackson, L. L. Castillo, D. N. TI Occupational Injuries and Deaths Among Younger Workers-United States, 1998-2007 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 449-455, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Estes, C. R.; Jackson, L. L.; Castillo, D. N.] CDC, Div Safety Res, NIOSH, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Estes, CR (reprint author), CDC, Div Safety Res, NIOSH, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 7 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 1 BP 33 EP 35 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 620SJ UT WOS:000279519600011 ER PT J AU Su, JR Berman, SM Davis, D Weinstock, HS Kirkcaldy, RD AF Su, J. R. Berman, S. M. Davis, D. Weinstock, H. S. Kirkcaldy, R. D. TI Congenital Syphilis-United States, 2003-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 413-417, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Kirkcaldy, R. D.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 7 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 1 BP 36 EP 38 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 620SJ UT WOS:000279519600012 ER PT J AU Kirkness, EF Haas, BJ Sun, WL Braig, HR Perotti, MA Clark, JM Lee, SH Robertson, HM Kennedy, RC Elhaik, E Gerlach, D Kriventseva, EV Elsik, CG Graur, D Hill, CA Veenstra, JA Walenz, B Tubio, JMC Ribeiro, JMC Rozas, J Johnston, JS Reese, JT Popadic, A Tojo, M Raoult, D Reed, DL Tomoyasu, Y Krause, E Mittapalli, O Margam, VM Li, HM Meyer, JM Johnson, RM Romero-Severson, J VanZee, JP Alvarez-Ponce, D Vieira, FG Aguade, M Guirao-Rico, S Anzola, JM Yoon, KS Strycharz, JP Unger, MF Christley, S Lobo, NF Seufferheld, MJ Wang, NK Dasch, GA Struchiner, CJ Madey, G Hannick, LI Bidwell, S Joardar, V Caler, E Shao, RF Barker, SC Cameron, S Bruggner, RV Regier, A Johnson, J Viswanathan, L Utterback, TR Sutton, GG Lawson, D Waterhouse, RM Venter, JC Strausberg, RL Berenbaum, MR Collins, FH Zdobnov, EM Pittendrigh, BR AF Kirkness, Ewen F. Haas, Brian J. Sun, Weilin Braig, Henk R. Perotti, M. Alejandra Clark, John M. Lee, Si Hyeock Robertson, Hugh M. Kennedy, Ryan C. Elhaik, Eran Gerlach, Daniel Kriventseva, Evgenia V. Elsik, Christine G. Graur, Dan Hill, Catherine A. Veenstra, Jan A. Walenz, Brian Tubio, Jose Manuel C. Ribeiro, Jose M. C. Rozas, Julio Johnston, J. Spencer Reese, Justin T. Popadic, Aleksandar Tojo, Marta Raoult, Didier Reed, David L. Tomoyasu, Yoshinori Krause, Emily Mittapalli, Omprakash Margam, Venu M. Li, Hong-Mei Meyer, Jason M. Johnson, Reed M. Romero-Severson, Jeanne VanZee, Janice Pagel Alvarez-Ponce, David Vieira, Filipe G. Aguade, Montserrat Guirao-Rico, Sara Anzola, Juan M. Yoon, Kyong S. Strycharz, Joseph P. Unger, Maria F. Christley, Scott Lobo, Neil F. Seufferheld, Manfredo J. Wang, NaiKuan Dasch, Gregory A. Struchiner, Claudio J. Madey, Greg Hannick, Linda I. Bidwell, Shelby Joardar, Vinita Caler, Elisabet Shao, Renfu Barker, Stephen C. Cameron, Stephen Bruggner, Robert V. Regier, Allison Johnson, Justin Viswanathan, Lakshmi Utterback, Terry R. Sutton, Granger G. Lawson, Daniel Waterhouse, Robert M. Venter, J. Craig Strausberg, Robert L. Berenbaum, May R. Collins, Frank H. Zdobnov, Evgeny M. Pittendrigh, Barry R. TI Genome sequences of the human body louse and its primary endosymbiont provide insights into the permanent parasitic lifestyle SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SUCKING LICE PHTHIRAPTERA; DNA-BINDING PROTEIN; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; APIS-MELLIFERA; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; HONEY-BEE; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; PEDICULUS-HUMANUS; EPIDEMIC TYPHUS AB As an obligatory parasite of humans, the body louse (Pediculus humanus humanus) is an important vector for human diseases, including epidemic typhus, relapsing fever, and trench fever. Here, we present genome sequences of the body louse and its primary bacterial endosymbiont Candidatus Riesia pediculicola. The body louse has the smallest known insect genome, spanning 108 Mb. Despite its status as an obligate parasite, it retains a remarkably complete basal insect repertoire of 10,773 protein-coding genes and 57 microRNAs. Representing hemimetabolous insects, the genome of the body louse thus provides a reference for studies of holometabolous insects. Compared with other insect genomes, the body louse genome contains significantly fewer genes associated with environmental sensing and response, including odorant and gustatory receptors and detoxifying enzymes. The unique architecture of the 18 minicircular mitochondrial chromosomes of the body louse may be linked to the loss of the gene encoding the mitochondrial single-stranded DNA binding protein. The genome of the obligatory louse endosymbiont Candidatus Riesia pediculicola encodes less than 600 genes on a short, linear chromosome and a circular plasmid. The plasmid harbors a unique arrangement of genes required for the synthesis of pantothenate, an essential vitamin deficient in the louse diet. The human body louse, its primary endosymbiont, and the bacterial pathogens that it vectors all possess genomes reduced in size compared with their free-living close relatives. Thus, the body louse genome project offers unique information and tools to use in advancing understanding of coevolution among vectors, symbionts, and pathogens. C1 [Sun, Weilin; Robertson, Hugh M.; Li, Hong-Mei; Johnson, Reed M.; Berenbaum, May R.; Pittendrigh, Barry R.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kirkness, Ewen F.; Haas, Brian J.; Walenz, Brian; Hannick, Linda I.; Bidwell, Shelby; Joardar, Vinita; Caler, Elisabet; Johnson, Justin; Viswanathan, Lakshmi; Utterback, Terry R.; Sutton, Granger G.; Venter, J. Craig; Strausberg, Robert L.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Braig, Henk R.] Bangor Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales. [Perotti, M. Alejandra] Univ Reading, Sch Biol Sci, Reading RG6 6AS, Berks, England. [Clark, John M.; Yoon, Kyong S.; Strycharz, Joseph P.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Vet & Anim Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Lee, Si Hyeock] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Agr Biotechnol, Seoul, South Korea. [Kennedy, Ryan C.; Romero-Severson, Jeanne; Unger, Maria F.; Christley, Scott; Lobo, Neil F.; Madey, Greg; Bruggner, Robert V.; Regier, Allison; Collins, Frank H.] Univ Notre Dame, Eck Inst Global Hlth, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Kennedy, Ryan C.; Christley, Scott; Madey, Greg; Bruggner, Robert V.; Regier, Allison] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Elhaik, Eran; Graur, Dan] Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Gerlach, Daniel; Kriventseva, Evgenia V.; Waterhouse, Robert M.; Zdobnov, Evgeny M.] Univ Geneva, Sch Med, Dept Genet Med & Dev, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Gerlach, Daniel; Kriventseva, Evgenia V.; Waterhouse, Robert M.; Zdobnov, Evgeny M.] Swiss Inst Bioinformat, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Elsik, Christine G.; Reese, Justin T.; Anzola, Juan M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Hill, Catherine A.; Margam, Venu M.; Meyer, Jason M.; VanZee, Janice Pagel] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Wang, NaiKuan] Chung Hwa Coll Med Technol, Tainan 700, Taiwan. [Dasch, Gregory A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Struchiner, Claudio J.] Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Inst Social Med, BR-4365 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Struchiner, Claudio J.] Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Escola Nacl Saude Publ Sergio Arouca Fundacao Osw, BR-4365 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Shao, Renfu; Barker, Stephen C.] Univ Queensland, Sch Chem & Mol Biosci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [Cameron, Stephen] Australian Natl Insect Collect & Commonwealth Sci, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Lawson, Daniel] European Bioinformat Inst, Hinxton CB10 1SD, Cambs, England. [Zdobnov, Evgeny M.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Romero-Severson, Jeanne; Unger, Maria F.; Lobo, Neil F.; Collins, Frank H.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Seufferheld, Manfredo J.] Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Rozas, Julio; Alvarez-Ponce, David; Vieira, Filipe G.; Aguade, Montserrat; Guirao-Rico, Sara] Univ Barcelona, Dept Genet, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Veenstra, Jan A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Neurosci Integrat & Cognit, CNRS, F-33405 Talence, France. [Tubio, Jose Manuel C.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hosp, Serv Hematol, Santiago De Compostela 15706, Spain. [Ribeiro, Jose M. C.] NCI, Lab Malaria & Vector Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Johnston, J. Spencer] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Popadic, Aleksandar] Wayne State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Tojo, Marta] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hosp, Serv Anat Patol, Santiago De Compostela 15706, Spain. [Raoult, Didier] Unite Rickettsies, F-13385 Marseille 05, France. [Reed, David L.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Tomoyasu, Yoshinori; Krause, Emily] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Tomoyasu, Yoshinori; Krause, Emily] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Mittapalli, Omprakash] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Pittendrigh, BR (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, 320 Morrill Hall, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM pittendr@illinois.edu RI Elsik, Christine/C-4120-2017; Tomoyasu, Yoshinori/D-3061-2017; Waterhouse, Robert/A-1858-2010; Guirao-Rico, Sara/F-4145-2016; Rozas, Julio/A-1733-2009; Margam, Venu/E-5876-2010; Romero-Severson, Jeanne/B-5259-2011; Johnson, Reed/H-3742-2011; Veenstra, Jan/B-4610-2008; Zdobnov, Evgeny/K-1133-2012; Braig, Henk/I-5477-2013; Struchiner, Claudio/M-9360-2013; Cameron, Stephen/A-3742-2008; Tubio, Jose/H-5076-2015; Garrett Vieira, Filipe/B-9464-2015 OI Elsik, Christine/0000-0002-4248-7713; Tomoyasu, Yoshinori/0000-0001-9824-3454; Dasch, Gregory/0000-0001-6090-1810; Hannick, Linda/0000-0002-8018-8466; Gerlach, Daniel/0000-0001-9338-3765; Lawson, Daniel/0000-0001-7765-983X; Yoon, Kyong/0000-0002-1866-1339; Aguade, Montserrat/0000-0002-3884-7800; Veenstra, Jan/0000-0002-2783-0018; Alvarez-Ponce, David/0000-0002-8729-1036; Ribeiro, Jose/0000-0002-9107-0818; Waterhouse, Robert/0000-0003-4199-9052; Guirao-Rico, Sara/0000-0001-9896-4665; Rozas, Julio/0000-0002-6839-9148; Romero-Severson, Jeanne/0000-0003-4112-7238; Johnson, Reed/0000-0002-2431-0180; Braig, Henk/0000-0001-9592-1141; Cameron, Stephen/0000-0002-6694-4130; Tubio, Jose/0000-0003-3540-2459; Garrett Vieira, Filipe/0000-0002-8464-7770 NR 68 TC 218 Z9 232 U1 3 U2 78 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 6 PY 2010 VL 107 IS 27 BP 12168 EP 12173 DI 10.1073/pnas.1003379107 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 621JI UT WOS:000279572100025 PM 20566863 ER PT J AU Supervie, V Garcia-Lerma, JG Heneine, W Blower, S AF Supervie, Virginie Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo Heneine, Walid Blower, Sally TI HIV, transmitted drug resistance, and the paradox of preexposure prophylaxis SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE mathematical model; men who have sex with men; prevention; epidemics; antiretrovirals ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE; HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; SAN-FRANCISCO; UNITED-STATES; VIRAL LOAD; INFECTION; PREVALENCE; PREVENTION AB The administration of antiretrovirals before HIV exposure to prevent infection (i.e., preexposure prophylaxis; PrEP) is under evaluation in clinical trials. Because PrEP is based on antiretrovirals, there is considerable concern that it could substantially increase transmitted resistance, particularly in resource-rich countries. Here we use a mathematical model to predict the effect of PrEP interventions on the HIV epidemic in the men-who-have-sex-with-men community in San Francisco. The model is calibrated using Monte Carlo filtering and analyzed by constructing nonlinear response hypersurfaces. We predict PrEP interventions could substantially reduce transmission but significantly increase the proportion of new infections caused by resistant strains. Two mechanisms can cause this increase. If risk compensation occurs, the proportion increases due to increasing transmission of resistant strains and decreasing transmission of wild-type strains. If risk behavior remains stable, the increase occurs because of reduced transmission of resistant strains coupled with an even greater reduction in transmission of wild-type strains. We de. ne this as the paradox of PrEP (i.e., resistance appears to be increasing, but is actually decreasing). We determine this paradox is likely to occur if the efficacy of PrEP regimens against wild-type strains is greater than 30% and the relative efficacy against resistant strains is greater than 0.2 but less than the efficacy against wildtype. Our modeling shows, if risk behavior increases, that it is a valid concern that PrEP could significantly increase transmitted resistance. However, if risk behavior remains stable, we find the concern is unfounded and PrEP interventions are likely to decrease transmitted resistance. C1 [Supervie, Virginie; Blower, Sally] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Semel Inst Neurosci & Human Behav, Ctr Biomed Modeling, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo; Heneine, Walid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Blower, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Semel Inst Neurosci & Human Behav, Ctr Biomed Modeling, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM sblower@mednet.ucla.edu RI Supervie, Virginie/N-8032-2015 OI Supervie, Virginie/0000-0003-0399-1957 FU US National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [RO1 AI041935]; John Simon Guggenheim Foundation FX S. B. and V. S. thank James Kahn for clinical expertise and parameter estimates from the literature as well as Brad Wagner, Justin Okano, Meagan Barrett, Romulus Breban, and Yasmin Halima for helpful discussions. S. B. thanks Timothy Pylko for clinical consultations. S. B. and V. S. are grateful for the financial support of the US National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Grant RO1 AI041935) and the John Simon Guggenheim Foundation. NR 32 TC 67 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 12 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 6 PY 2010 VL 107 IS 27 BP 12381 EP 12386 DI 10.1073/pnas.1006061107 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 621JI UT WOS:000279572100061 PM 20616092 ER PT J AU Malisa, AL Pearce, RJ Abdulla, S Mshinda, H Kachur, PS Bloland, P Roper, C AF Malisa, Allen L. Pearce, Richard J. Abdulla, Salim Mshinda, Hassan Kachur, Patrick S. Bloland, Peter Roper, Cally TI Drug coverage in treatment of malaria and the consequences for resistance evolution - evidence from the use of sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FALCIPARUM DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; CHLORPROGUANIL-DAPSONE TREATMENT; PYRIMETHAMINE TREATMENT FAILURE; KENYAN PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; 1ST LINE TREATMENT; SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; DIHYDROPTEROATE SYNTHASE; POINT MUTATIONS; IN-VITRO; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUGS AB Background: It is argued that, the efficacy of anti-malarials could be prolonged through policy-mediated reductions in drug pressure, but gathering evidence of the relationship between policy, treatment practice, drug pressure and the evolution of resistance in the field is challenging. Mathematical models indicate that drug coverage is the primary determinant of drug pressure and the driving force behind the evolution of drug resistance. These models show that where the basis of resistance is multigenic, the effects of selection can be moderated by high recombination rates, which disrupt the associations between co-selected resistance genes. Methods: To test these predictions, dhfr and dhps frequency changes were measured during 2000-2001 while SP was the second-line treatment and contrasted these with changes during 2001-2002 when SP was used for first-line therapy. Annual cross sectional community surveys carried out before, during and after the policy switch in 2001 were used to collect samples. Genetic analysis of SP resistance genes was carried out on 4,950 Plasmodium falciparum infections and the selection pressure under the two policies compared. Results: The influence of policy on the parasite reservoir was profound. The frequency of dhfr and dhps resistance alleles did not change significantly while SP was the recommended second-line treatment, but highly significant changes occurred during the subsequent year after the switch to first line SP. The frequency of the triple mutant dhfr (N51I, C59R, S108N) allele (conferring pyrimethamine resistance) increased by 37% - 63% and the frequency of the double A437G, K540E mutant dhps allele (conferring sulphadoxine resistance) increased 200%-300%. A strong association between these unlinked alleles also emerged, confirming that they are co-selected by SP. Conclusion: The national policy change brought about a shift in treatment practice and the resulting increase in coverage had a substantial impact on drug pressure. The selection applied by first-line use is strong enough to overcome recombination pressure and create significant linkage disequilibrium between the unlinked genetic determinants of pyrimethamine and sulphadoxine resistance, showing that recombination is no barrier to the emergence of resistance to combination treatments when they are used as the first-line malaria therapy. C1 [Malisa, Allen L.] Sokoine Univ Agr, Dept Biol Sci, Fac Sci, Morogoro, Tanzania. [Malisa, Allen L.; Abdulla, Salim; Mshinda, Hassan] IHI, Ifakara, Tanzania. [Pearce, Richard J.; Roper, Cally] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Pathogen Mol Biol Unit, Dept Infect Trop Dis, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Kachur, Patrick S.; Bloland, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Malisa, AL (reprint author), Sokoine Univ Agr, Dept Biol Sci, Fac Sci, POB 3038, Morogoro, Tanzania. EM amalisa@suanet.ac.tz RI Roper, Cally/K-2989-2013 OI Roper, Cally/0000-0002-6545-309X FU USAID; CDC; Wellcome Trust [060714]; IHI FX The authors are grateful to all people who participated in the prevalence surveys in Kilombero, Ulanga and Rufiji districts. The Interdisciplinary Monitoring Project for Antimalarial Combination Therapy in Tanzania (IMPACT-Tz) is funded by USAID, CDC, and Wellcome Trust. The co-Principal Investigators are Salim Abdulla and Peter Bloland. Cally Roper and Richard Pearce are supported by a Wellcome Trust Fellowship (ref 060714) awarded to CR. The authors also thank the staff who carried out the cross sectional surveys and the support staff of IHI. NR 54 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 5 PY 2010 VL 9 AR 190 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-9-190 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 629CG UT WOS:000280171000001 PM 20602754 ER PT J AU Markowitz, LE Hariri, S Unger, ER Saraiya, M Datta, SD Dunne, EF AF Markowitz, Lauri E. Hariri, Susan Unger, Elizabeth R. Saraiya, Mona Datta, S. Deblina Dunne, Eileen F. TI Post-licensure monitoring of HPV vaccine in the United States SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE HPV vaccine; Monitoring; Post-licensure ID NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION SURVEY; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINES; GRADE CERVICAL LESIONS; AGED 13-17 YEARS; QUADRIVALENT VACCINE; SAFETY SURVEILLANCE; GENITAL WARTS; CANCER; INFECTION; ADOLESCENTS AB Post-licensure evaluation of vaccines plays an important role in monitoring the progress of immunization programs, demonstrating population impact of vaccines, and providing data for ongoing policy decisions. Two human papillomovirus (HPV) vaccines are licensed and recommended for use in females in the United States, a quadrivalent human HPV vaccine, licensed in 2006 and a bivalent vaccine HPV vaccine licensed in 2009. HPV vaccination is recommended for females 11 or 12 years of age with catch-up vaccination through age 26 years. Post-licensure monitoring of the HPV vaccine program has included some of the same systems established for other vaccines, such as those for vaccine safety and coverage monitoring. However, monitoring HPV vaccine impact on infection and disease outcomes has required new efforts. While there are well established cancer registries in the United States, it will take decades before the impact of vaccine on cervical cancer is observed. More proximal measures of vaccine impact include outcomes such as prevalence of HPV vaccine types, incidence of cervical precancers and genital warts. We review systems in place or being established for post-licensure monitoring of HPV vaccine in the United States. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Markowitz, Lauri E.; Hariri, Susan; Unger, Elizabeth R.; Saraiya, Mona; Datta, S. Deblina; Dunne, Eileen F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Markowitz, LE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS E05,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lem2@cdc.gov OI Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 NR 47 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 5 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 30 BP 4731 EP 4737 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.02.019 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 631KO UT WOS:000280345700008 PM 20188681 ER PT J AU Pushko, P Kort, T Nathan, M Pearce, MB Smith, G Tumpey, TM AF Pushko, Peter Kort, Thomas Nathan, Margret Pearce, Melissa B. Smith, Gale Tumpey, Terrence M. TI Recombinant H1N1 virus-like particle vaccine elicits protective immunity in ferrets against the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Pandemic influenza; Virus-like particles; VLP; Influenza vaccine ID SPANISH INFLUENZA; A H1N1; INSECT CELLS; BALB/C MICE; SWINE; EMERGENCE; ORIGIN; RESPONSES; CHALLENGE; EBOLA AB The pandemic virus of 2009 (2009 H1N1) continues to cause illness worldwide, especially in younger age groups. The widespread H1N1 virus infection further emphasizes the need for vaccine strategies that are effective against emerging pandemic viruses and are not dependent on the limitations of traditional egg-based technology. This report describes a recombinant influenza virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine consisting of hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), and matrix (M1) proteins of influenza A/California/04/2009 (H1N1) virus. Influenza H1N1 VLPs with a diameter of approximately 120 nm were released into the culture medium from Sf9 insect cells infected with recombinant baculovirus coexpressing HA, NA, and M1 proteins. Purified recombinant H1N1 VLPs morphologically resembled influenza virions and exhibited biological characteristics of influenza virus, including HA and NA activities. In the ferret challenge model, 2009 influenza H1N1 VLPs elicited high-titer serum hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies specific for the 2009 H1N1 virus and inhibited replication of the influenza virus in the upper and lower respiratory tract tissues following A/Mexico/4482/09 (H1N1) virus challenge. Moreover, a single 15 mu g dose of H1N1 VLPs resulted in complete virus clearance in the ferret lung. These results provide support for the use of recombinant influenza VLP vaccine as an effective strategy against pandemic H1N1 virus. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Pushko, Peter; Kort, Thomas; Nathan, Margret; Smith, Gale] Novavax Inc, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Pearce, Melissa B.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Pushko, P (reprint author), Novavax Inc, 9920 Belward Campus Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM ppushko@medigen-usa.com NR 44 TC 37 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 5 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 30 BP 4771 EP 4776 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.04.093 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 631KO UT WOS:000280345700014 PM 20470801 ER PT J AU Roca, A Sigauque, B Quinto, L Morais, L Berenguera, A Corachan, M Ribo, JL Naniche, D Bassat, Q Sacoor, C Nhalungo, D Macete, E Schuchat, A Soriano-Gabarro, M Flannery, B Alonso, PL AF Roca, A. Sigauque, B. Quinto, Li Morais, L. Berenguera, A. Corachan, M. Ribo, J. L. Naniche, D. Bassat, Q. Sacoor, Ch Nhalungo, D. Macete, E. Schuchat, A. Soriano-Gabarro, M. Flannery, B. Alonso, P. L. TI Estimating the vaccine-preventable burden of hospitalized pneumonia among young Mozambican children SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Pneumonia; Radiological pneumonia; HIV; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Hib; Vaccines ID PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; SOUTHERN MOZAMBIQUE; RURAL MOZAMBIQUE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; VIRUS-INFECTION; DISEASE; AGE AB Polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and Streptococcus pneumoniae have proven efficacy against radiologically confirmed pneumonia. Measurement of pneumonia incidence provides a platform to estimate of the vaccine-preventable burden. Over 24 months, we conducted surveillance for radiologically confirmed severe pneumonia episodes among children <2 years of age admitted to a rural hospital in Manhica, southern Mozambique. Study children were tested for HIV during the second year of surveillance. Severe pneumonia accounted for 15% of 5132 hospital admissions and 32% of in-hospital mortality among children <2 years of age. Also, 43% of chest radiographs were interpreted as radiologically confirmed pneumonia. HIV-infection was associated with 81% of fatal pneumonia episodes among children tested for HIV. The minimum incidence rate of radiologically confirmed pneumonia requiring hospitalization was 19 episodes/1000 child-years. Incidence rates among HIV-infected children were 9.3-19.0-fold higher than HIV-uninfected. Introduction of Hib and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines would have a substantial impact on pneumonia hospitalizations among African children if vaccine effects are similar to those observed in clinical trials. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Roca, A.; Quinto, Li; Berenguera, A.; Corachan, M.; Naniche, D.; Bassat, Q.; Alonso, P. L.] Univ Barcelona, Barcelona Ctr Int Hlth Res CRESIB, Hosp Clin IDIBAPS, E-08007 Barcelona, Spain. [Roca, A.; Sigauque, B.; Quinto, Li; Morais, L.; Berenguera, A.; Naniche, D.; Bassat, Q.; Sacoor, Ch; Nhalungo, D.; Macete, E.; Alonso, P. L.] Minist Saude, Ctr Invest Saude Manh, Maputo, Mozambique. [Sigauque, B.] Minist Saude, Inst Nacl Saude, Maputo, Mozambique. [Ribo, J. L.] Hosp Univ St Joan Deu Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. [Macete, E.] Minist Saude, Direccao Natl Saude, Maputo, Mozambique. [Schuchat, A.; Soriano-Gabarro, M.; Flannery, B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Roca, A (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, Barcelona Ctr Int Hlth Res CRESIB, Hosp Clin IDIBAPS, E-08007 Barcelona, Spain. EM aroca@clinic.ub.es RI Bassat, Quique/P-2341-2016; OI Bassat, Quique/0000-0003-0875-7596; Berenguera, Anna/0000-0002-0889-2002 FU Spanish Agency for International Cooperation (AECI-Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Spain); Program for Appropriate Technology in Health [GAT.770-790-01350-LPS]; World Health Organization [I8-181-1200]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [RYC-2008-02777]; US Agency for International Development FX CISM core funding is provided by the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation (AECI-Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Spain). The study was supported by funds from The Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (GAT.770-790-01350-LPS) and the World Health Organization (I8-181-1200). A Roca was supported by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Ramon y Cajal: RYC-2008-02777).; M. Soriano-Gabarro participated in this study while working at CDC between 1998 and 2005. She currently works at GSK Biologicals, Belgium. Other authors declare no conflicts of interest. The study also received partial support from the US Agency for International Development. NR 32 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 5 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 30 BP 4851 EP 4857 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.03.060 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 631KO UT WOS:000280345700025 PM 20392430 ER PT J AU Strine, TW Beck, LF Bolen, J Okoro, C Dhingra, S Balluz, L AF Strine, Tara W. Beck, Laurie F. Bolen, Julie Okoro, Catherine Dhingra, Satvinder Balluz, Lina TI Geographic and sociodemographic variation in self-reported seat belt use in the United States SO ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE Seat belt use; Injury; Primary and secondary seat belt laws; Geographic variation; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System ID FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; SAFETY BELTS; COST; LAWS; FATALITIES; INJURY; TRAUMA AB Background: With new data available, we sought to update existing literature on the prevalence of self-reported seat belt use by state, region, and rural/urban status and to estimate the strength of the association between seat belt use and rural/urban status adjusted for type of seat belt law and several other factors. Methods: We examined data on self-reported use of seat belts from 50 states, the District of Columbia, and three territories using the 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a state-based random-digit-dialed telephone survey (n = 406,552). Reported seat belt use was assessed by state, U.S. Census regions, and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) rural/urban continuum codes. Results: Overall, 85% of adults in the United States reported they always used seat belts. Regionally, the West had the highest prevalence of persons who reported that they always wear seat belts (89.6%) and the Midwest had the lowest (80.4%). States with primary seat belt laws had the highest prevalence of reported seat belt use, compared with states with secondary or no laws. After adjusting for various sociodemographic characteristics, body mass index, and type of seat belt law, persons in the most densely populated metropolitan areas were significantly more likely to report always wearing seat belts than those in most sparsely populated rural areas (adjusted odds ratio=2.9). Conclusion: Our findings reinforce the evidence that primary enforcement seat belt laws are effective for increasing seat belt use, and suggest that upgrading to primary enforcement laws will be an important strategy for reducing crash-related fatalities in rural areas. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Strine, Tara W.; Bolen, Julie; Okoro, Catherine; Dhingra, Satvinder; Balluz, Lina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Beck, Laurie F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Strine, TW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM TStrine@cdc.gov; LBeck@cdc.gov; JBolen@cdc.gov; COkoro@cdc.gov; SDhingra@cdc.gov; LBalluz@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0001-4575 J9 ACCIDENT ANAL PREV JI Accid. Anal. Prev. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 42 IS 4 BP 1066 EP 1071 DI 10.1016/j.aap.2009.12.014 PG 6 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 607LD UT WOS:000278504700011 PM 20441814 ER PT J AU Myers, GL Christenson, RH Cushman, M Ballantyne, CM Cooper, GR Pfeiffer, CM Grundy, SM Labarthe, DR Levy, D Rifai, N Wilson, PWF AF Myers, Gary L. Christenson, Robert H. Cushman, Mary Ballantyne, Christie M. Cooper, Gerald R. Pfeiffer, Christine M. Grundy, Scott M. Labarthe, Darwin R. Levy, Daniel Rifai, Nader Wilson, Peter W. F. TI Practice Guides of clinical laboratories Emerging Biomarkers for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and stroke Chapters 7 to 10 SO ACTA BIOQUIMICA CLINICA LATINOAMERICANA LA Spanish DT Article ID GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE; CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; SERUM CYSTATIN-C; PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL-DISEASE; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; ATHEROSCLEROTIC VASCULAR-DISEASE; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; URINARY ALBUMIN EXCRETION; CHRONIC RENAL-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS C1 [Myers, Gary L.; Cooper, Gerald R.; Pfeiffer, Christine M.; Labarthe, Darwin R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Christenson, Robert H.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Cushman, Mary] Univ Vermont, Colchester, VT USA. [Ballantyne, Christie M.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Grundy, Scott M.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Levy, Daniel] Framingham Heart Dis Epidemiol Study, Framingham, MA USA. [Rifai, Nader] Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Rifai, Nader] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Wilson, Peter W. F.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Myers, GL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Library, Woodruff Health/A-6096-2012 NR 75 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERACION BIOQUIMICA PROVINCIA BUENOS AIRES PI LA PLATA, BUENOS AIRES PA CALLE 6, NO. 1344, 1900 LA PLATA, BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA SN 0325-2957 J9 ACTA BIOQUIM CLIN L JI Acta Bioquim. Clin. Latinoam. PD JUL-SEP PY 2010 VL 44 IS 3 BP 435 EP 445 PG 11 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 784YJ UT WOS:000292194300012 ER PT J AU Gascon, J Bern, C Pinazo, MJ AF Gascon, Joaquim Bern, Caryn Pinazo, Maria-Jesus TI Chagas disease in Spain, the United States and other non-endemic countries SO ACTA TROPICA LA English DT Article DE Chagas disease; Non-endemic countries ID TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI INFECTION; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS; ETIOLOGIC TREATMENT; HEART-DISEASE; CONGENITAL TRANSMISSION; LATIN-AMERICA; BLOOD-DONOR; BENZNIDAZOLE; CALIFORNIA AB Due to recent trends in migration, there are millions of people from Chagas disease-endemic countries now living in North America, Europe, Australia and Japan, including thousands of people with Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Most infected individuals are not aware of their status. Congenital, transfusion-and/or transplant-associated transmission has been documented in the United States, Spain, Canada and Switzerland: most instances likely go undetected. High priorities include the implementation of appropriate screening, evaluation and clinical management, and better assessment of the true burden associated with this disease. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gascon, Joaquim; Pinazo, Maria-Jesus] IDIBAPS, Hosp Clin, CRESIB, Ctr Salut Int, Barcelona 08036, Spain. [Bern, Caryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Gascon, J (reprint author), IDIBAPS, Hosp Clin, CRESIB, Ctr Salut Int, C Villarroel 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain. EM jgascon@clinic.ub.es RI Gascon, Joaquim/M-3598-2015 OI Gascon, Joaquim/0000-0002-5045-1585 NR 82 TC 104 Z9 107 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0001-706X J9 ACTA TROP JI Acta Trop. PD JUL-AUG PY 2010 VL 115 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 22 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.07.019 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 613IU UT WOS:000278973400004 ER PT J AU Stevens, JA Rudd, RA AF Stevens, Judy A. Rudd, Rose Anne TI Declining hip fracture rates in the United States SO AGE AND AGEING LA English DT Article DE elderly; falls; hip fractures; osteoporosis; trends ID TRENDS; OSTEOPOROSIS; DENSITY; PEOPLE; ADULTS; FALLS; RISK C1 [Stevens, Judy A.; Rudd, Rose Anne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Stevens, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jas2@cdc.gov RI Shah, Mohd /E-4826-2010 NR 25 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0002-0729 EI 1468-2834 J9 AGE AGEING JI Age Ageing PD JUL PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 BP 500 EP 503 DI 10.1093/ageing/afq044 PG 4 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 613GV UT WOS:000278968300018 PM 20484751 ER PT J AU Pinkerton, SD Bogart, LM Howerton, D Snyder, S Becker, K Asch, SM AF Pinkerton, Steven D. Bogart, Laura M. Howerton, Devery Snyder, Susan Becker, Kirsten Asch, Steven M. TI Cost of Rapid HIV Testing at 45 US Hospitals SO AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; EMERGENCY; SETTINGS AB In 2006, the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended expanded and routine use of single-session rapid HIV tests in all health care settings to increase the proportion of persons who learn their HIV status. Limited empiric information is available regarding the costs of rapid testing and pre- and posttest counseling in health care settings. We surveyed 45 U. S. hospitals during 2005 through 2006 to assess the costs associated with rapid testing and counseling. Cost analyses were conducted from the provider (hospital) perspective, and results were expressed in year 2006 U. S. dollars. The mean per-test cost of rapid HIV testing and counseling was $48.07 for an HIV-negative test and $64.17 for a preliminary-positive test. Pre- and posttest counseling costs accounted for 38.4% of the total cost of rapid testing for HIV-negative patients. Counseling costs were significantly correlated with overall test costs. Many hospitals contained overall test costs by limiting time spent in pre- and posttest counseling or by using lower-paid personnel for counseling activities or both. Counseling costs constituted a significant proportion of the overall costs of rapid testing and counseling activities at study hospitals. Our data provide useful baseline data before implementation of the CDC's 2006 recommendations. Costs can be reduced by limiting time spent in pre- and posttest counseling or by using lower-paid personnel for counseling activities or both. C1 [Pinkerton, Steven D.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Psychiat & Behav Med, Ctr AIDS Intervent Res, Milwaukee, WI 53202 USA. [Bogart, Laura M.; Becker, Kirsten; Asch, Steven M.] RAND Corp, Hlth Program, Santa Monica, CA USA. [Bogart, Laura M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Boston, Boston, MA USA. [Howerton, Devery] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Practice Evaluat, Div Lab Syst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Howerton, Devery] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Genom Branch, Div Lab Syst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Snyder, Susan; Asch, Steven M.] VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Network, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Asch, Steven M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Pinkerton, SD (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Psychiat & Behav Med, Ctr AIDS Intervent Res, 2071 N Summit Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53202 USA. EM pinkrton@mcw.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U65/CCU924523-01]; National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) [P30-MH52776] FX This study was supported by grants U65/CCU924523-01 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and P30-MH52776 from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). The findings and conclusions presented here are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC or NIH. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1087-2914 J9 AIDS PATIENT CARE ST JI Aids Patient Care STDS PD JUL PY 2010 VL 24 IS 7 BP 409 EP 413 DI 10.1089/apc.2009.0348 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 629UF UT WOS:000280224500002 PM 20578906 ER PT J AU Knowlton, AR Arnsten, JH Eldred, LJ Wilkinson, JD Shade, SB Bohnert, AS Yang, C Wissow, LS Purcell, DW AF Knowlton, Amy R. Arnsten, Julia H. Eldred, Lois J. Wilkinson, James D. Shade, Starley B. Bohnert, Amy S. Yang, Cui Wissow, Lawrence S. Purcell, David W. CA INSPIRE Team TI Antiretroviral Use Among Active Injection-Drug Users: The Role of Patient-Provider Engagement and Structural Factors SO AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE TREATMENT; HIV DISEASE PROGRESSION; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; DECISION-MAKING; INFECTED ADULTS; SOCIAL SUPPORT; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-STATUS; THERAPY AB HIV-seropositive, active injection-drug users (IDUs), compared with other HIV populations, continue to have low rates of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) use, contributing to disparities in their HIV health outcomes. We sought to identify individual-level, interpersonal, and structural factors associated with HAART use among active IDUs to inform comprehensive, contextually tailored intervention to improve the HAART use of IDUs. Prospective data from three semiannual assessments were combined, and logistic general estimating equations were used to identify variables associated with taking HAART 6 months later. Participants were a community sample of HIV-seropositive, active IDUs enrolled in the INSPIRE study, a U. S. multisite (Baltimore, Miami, New York, San Francisco) prevention intervention. The analytic sample included 1,225 observations, and comprised 62% males, 75% active drug users, 75% non-Hispanic blacks, and 55% with a CD4 count <350; 48% reported HAART use. Adjusted analyses indicated that the later HAART use of IDUs was independently predicted by patient-provider engagement, stable housing, medical coverage, and more HIV primary care visits. Significant individual factors included not currently using drugs and a positive attitude about HAART benefits even if using illicit drugs. Those who reported patient-centered interactions with their HIV primary care provider had a 45% greater odds of later HAART use, and those with stable housing had twofold greater odds. These findings suggest that interventions to improve the HIV treatment of IDUs and to reduce their HIV health disparities should be comprehensive, promoting better patient-provider engagement, stable housing, HAART education with regard to illicit drug use, and integration of drug-abuse treatment with HIV primary care. C1 [Knowlton, Amy R.; Yang, Cui; Wissow, Lawrence S.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Arnsten, Julia H.] Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Eldred, Lois J.] US Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, HIV AIDS Bur, Special Projects Natl Significance, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Wilkinson, James D.] Univ Miami, Dept Pediat, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Miami, FL 33152 USA. [Wilkinson, James D.] Univ Miami, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Miami, FL USA. [Shade, Starley B.] Univ Calif San Francisco, AIDS Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Purcell, David W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Knowlton, AR (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, 624 N Broadway,Room 286, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM aknowlto@jhsph.edu RI yang, cui /E-7403-2012; Bohnert, Amy/C-7313-2015; OI Purcell, David/0000-0001-8125-5168 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Health Resources and Services Administration FX This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Health Resources and Services Administration. Each author contributed substantively to the study. Dr. Knowlton conceptualized the study and wrote the report; Dr. Bohnert conducted data analyses; Ms. Yang assisted with the literature review; Drs. Arnsten, Eldred, Wilkinson, Shade, and Purcell contributed to planning the study design and analyses and reviewed drafts; and Dr. Wissow assisted NR 54 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 8 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1087-2914 J9 AIDS PATIENT CARE ST JI Aids Patient Care STDS PD JUL PY 2010 VL 24 IS 7 BP 421 EP 428 DI 10.1089/apc.2009.0240 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 629UF UT WOS:000280224500004 PM 20578910 ER PT J AU Heit, JA Beckman, MG Bockenstedt, PL Giant, AM Key, NS Kulkarni, R Manco-Johnson, MJ Moll, S Ortel, TL Philipp, CS AF Heit, John A. Beckman, Michele G. Bockenstedt, Paula L. Giant, Althea M. Key, Nigel S. Kulkarni, Roshni Manco-Johnson, Marilyn J. Moll, Stephan Ortel, Thomas L. Philipp, Claire S. CA CDC Thrombosis Hemostasis Ctr Res TI Comparison of characteristics from White- and Black-Americans with venous thromboembolism: A cross-sectional study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; PROTEIN-C DEFICIENCY; FACTOR-V-LEIDEN; PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CASE-FATALITY; FACTOR-VIII; POPULATION AB When compared with Whites, Black-Americans may have a 40% higher incidence venous thromboembolism (VTE) incidence. However, whether other VTE characteristics and risk factors vary by race is uncertain. To compare demographic and baseline characteristics among White- and Black-Americans with VTE, we used data prospectively collected from consecutive consenting adults enrolled in seven Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Thrombosis and Hemostasis Centers from August 2003 to March 2009. These characteristics were compared among Whites (n = 2002) and Blacks (n = 395) with objectively diagnosed VTE, both overall, and by age and gender. When compared with Whites, Blacks had a significantly higher proportion with pulmonary embolism (PE), including idiopathic PE among Black women, and a significantly higher proportion of Blacks were women. Blacks had a significantly higher mean BMI and a significantly lower proportion with recent surgery, trauma or infection, family history of VTE, and documented thrombophilia (solely from reduced factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A prevalence). Conversely, Blacks had a significantly higher proportion with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal disease and dialysis, HIV, and sickle cell disease. When compared with White women, Black women had a significantly lower proportion with recent oral contraceptive use or hormone therapy. We conclude that Whites and Blacks differ significantly regarding demographic and baseline characteristics that may be risk factors for VTE. The prevalence of transient VTE risk factors and idiopathic VTE among Blacks appears to be lower and higher, respectively, suggesting that heritability may be important in the etiology of VTE among Black-Americans. Am. J. Hematol. 85:467-471, 2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Heit, John A.] Mayo Clin, Mayo Clin Thrombophilia Ctr, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Beckman, Michele G.; Giant, Althea M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, NCBDDD, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bockenstedt, Paula L.] Univ Michigan, Hemophilia & Coagulat Disorders Program, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Key, Nigel S.; Moll, Stephan] UNC, Thrombophilia Program, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kulkarni, Roshni] Michigan State Univ, Comprehens Ctr Bleeding Disorders, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Manco-Johnson, Marilyn J.] Mt States Reg Hemophilia & Thrombosis Ctr, Aurora, CO USA. [Ortel, Thomas L.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Duke Hemostasis & Thrombosis Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Philipp, Claire S.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Thrombosis Ctr, New Brunswick, NJ USA. RP Heit, JA (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Mayo Clin Thrombophilia Ctr, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [PA DD07-004, PA DD07-005]; U S Public Health Service FX Contract grant sponsor Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Contract grant numbers PA DD07-004, PA DD07-005. Contract grant sponsor U S Public Health Service NR 52 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0361-8609 J9 AM J HEMATOL JI Am. J. Hematol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 85 IS 7 BP 467 EP 471 DI 10.1002/ajh.21735 PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 620NI UT WOS:000279506200002 PM 20575037 ER PT J AU Fang, J Keenan, NL Ayala, C Dai, SF Valderrama, AL AF Fang, Jing Keenan, Nora L. Ayala, Carma Dai, Shifan Valderrama, Amy L. TI Fruits and Vegetables Intake and Physical Activity Among Hypertensive Adults in the United States: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2003 and 2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE blood pressure; fruits and vegetables intake; Hypertension; physical activity; surveillance ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; HEALTH-CARE; INTERVENTION; EXERCISE; MANAGEMENT; PROGRAM AB BACKGROUND Consuming enough fruits and vegetables and engaging in regular physical activity are believed to be two important components of several lifestyle modifications for people with hypertension. The purpose of this study was to measure the degree to which US adults with hypertension achieved recommended intakes of fruits and vegetables and engaged in recommended levels of physical activity in 2003 and 2007. METHODS Using the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data conducted in 2003 (N = 264,178) and 2007 (N = 430,082), we determined the changes in the prevalence of eating >= 5 servings of fruits and vegetables and of obtaining Healthy People 2010 recommended level of physical activity among adults with hypertension during the period. RESULTS In 2003 and 2007, among individuals with hypertension, age-adjusted prevalences of eating >= 5 servings of fruits and vegetables were 23.8 and 24.4% (P = 0.394) and meeting a recommended physical activity level were 38.2 and 40.3% (P < 0.001). With 2003 as the reference, odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of eating >= 5 servings of fruits and vegetables and meeting a recommended physical activity for 2007 were 1.02(0.97-1.08) and 1.06(1.01-1.10), respectively, after adjusting for relevant factors. CONCLUSIONS Among hypertensives, less than a quarter are eating five or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day, and less than half are meeting recommended physical activity. In 4 years, there was no statistically significant improvement in intake of fruits and vegetables and just a slight, albeit statistically significant, improvement in physical activity among US adults. C1 [Fang, Jing; Keenan, Nora L.; Ayala, Carma; Dai, Shifan; Valderrama, Amy L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fang, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jfang@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0895-7061 EI 1941-7225 J9 AM J HYPERTENS JI Am. J. Hypertens. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 23 IS 7 BP 762 EP 766 DI 10.1038/ajh.2010.46 PG 5 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 615FO UT WOS:000279119700013 PM 20300071 ER PT J AU Anderson, VP Schulte, PA Sestito, J Linn, H Nguyen, LS AF Anderson, Vern Putz Schulte, Paul A. Sestito, John Linn, Herb Nguyen, Long S. TI Occupational Fatalities, Injuries, Illnesses, and Related Economic Loss in the Wholesale and Retail Trade Sector SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE wholesale retail trade; occupational; surveillance data; costs; injuries; fatalities ID UPPER EXTREMITY; INDUSTRIES; DISORDERS AB Background The wholesale and retail trade (WRT) sector employs over 21 million workers, or nearly 19% of the annual average employment in private industry The perception is that workers in this sector are generally at low risk of occupational injury and death. These workers, however, are engaged in a wide range of demanding job activities and are exposed to a variety of hazards. Prior to this report, a comprehensive appraisal of the occupational fatal and nonfatal burdens affecting the retail and wholesale sectors was lacking. The focus of this review is to assess the overall occupational safety and health burden in WRT and to identify various subsectors that have high rates of burden from occupational causes. Ultimately these findings should be useful for targeted intervention efforts. Methods We reviewed Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), 2006 fatality, injury, and illness data for the WRT sector and provide comparisons between the WRT sector, its' subsectors, and private industry, which serves as a baseline. The BLS data provide both counts and standardized incidence rates for various exposures, events, and injury types for fatalities, injuries, and illnesses. In an effort to estimate the economic burden of these fatalities, injuries, and illnesses, a focused review of the literature was conducted. Results and Conclusion In 2006, WRT workers experienced 820,500 injuries/illnesses and 581 fatalities. The total case injury/illness rate for the retail sector was 4.9/100 FTE and for the wholesale sector 4.1/100 FTE. The WRT sector represents 15.5% of the private sector work population in 2006, yet accounts for 20.1% of nonfatal injuries and illnesses of the private sector. In 2003, the disparity was only 2% but increased to 3% in 2004 and 2005. Three WRT subsectors had injury/illness rates well above the national average: beer/wine/liquor (8.4/100); building materials/supplies (7.6/100); and grocery-related products (7.0/100). Occupational deaths with the highest rates were found in gasoline stations (9.8/100,000), convenience stores (6.1/100,000), and used car dealers (5.5/100,000). In terms of actual numbers, the category of food and beverage stores had 82 fatalities in 2006. Based on 1993 data, costs, both direct and indirect, in the WRT sector for fatal injuries were estimated to exceed $8.6 billion. The full economic loss to society and the family has not been adequately measured. Overexertion and contact with objects/equipment represent the top two events or exposures leading to injury or illness. Together they account for 57% of the events or exposures for nonfatal WRT injuries and illnesses. This sector is important because it is large and pervasive as a result, even a relatively small increase in injury rates and accompanying days away from work will have significant impact on working families and society. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:673-685, 2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Anderson, Vern Putz; Schulte, Paul A.] NIOSH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Educ & Informat Div, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Anderson, VP (reprint author), NIOSH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Educ & Informat Div, 4676 Columbia Pky, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM vep1@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 53 IS 7 BP 673 EP 685 DI 10.1002/ajim.20813 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 613JK UT WOS:000278975100003 PM 20213749 ER PT J AU Leoncini, E Botto, LD Cocchi, G Anneren, G Bower, C Halliday, J Amar, E Bakker, MK Bianca, S Tapia, MAC Castilla, EE Csaky-Szunyogh, M Dastgiri, S Feldkamp, ML Gatt, M Hirahara, F Landau, D Lowry, RB Marengo, L McDonnell, R Mathew, TM Morgan, M Mutchinick, OM Pierini, A Poetzsch, S Ritvanen, A Scarano, G Siffel, C Sipek, A Szabova, E Tagliabue, G Vollset, SE Wertelecki, W Zhuchenko, L Mastroiacovo, P AF Leoncini, Emanuele Botto, Lorenzo D. Cocchi, Guido Anneren, Goran Bower, Carol Halliday, Jane Amar, Emmanuelle Bakker, Marian K. Bianca, Sebastiano Canessa Tapia, Maria Aurora Castilla, Eduardo E. Csaky-Szunyogh, Melinda Dastgiri, Saeed Feldkamp, Marcia L. Gatt, Miriam Hirahara, Fumiki Landau, Danielle Lowry, R. Brian Marengo, Lisa McDonnell, Robert Mathew, Triphti M. Morgan, Margery Mutchinick, Osvaldo M. Pierini, Anna Poetzsch, Simone Ritvanen, Annukka Scarano, Gioacchino Siffel, Csaba Sipek, Antonin Szabova, Elena Tagliabue, Giovanna Vollset, Stein Emil Wertelecki, Wladimir Zhuchenko, Ludmila Mastroiacovo, Pierpaolo TI How Valid Are the Rates of Down Syndrome Internationally? Findings from the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A LA English DT Article DE Down syndrome; epidemiology; prevalence; validity; registries ID MATERNAL AGE INTERVALS; EUROPEAN ORIGIN; SOUTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; ASCERTAINMENT; PREVALENCE; REGISTRY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVENTION; LIVEBIRTH AB Rates of Down syndrome (DS) show considerable international variation, but a systematic assessment of this variation is lacking. The goal of this study was to develop and test a method to assess the validity of DS rates in surveillance programs, as an indicator of quality of ascertainment. The proposed method compares the observed number of cases with DS (livebirths plus elective pregnancy terminations, adjusted for spontaneous fetal losses that would have occurred if the pregnancy had been allowed to continue) in each single year of maternal age, with the expected number of cases based on the best-published data on rates by year of maternal age. To test this method we used data from birth years 2000 to 2005 from 32 surveillance programs of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research. We computed the adjusted observed versus expected ratio (aOE) of DS birth prevalence among women 25-44 years old. The aOE ratio was close to unity in 13 programs (the 95% confidence interval included 1), above 1 in 2 programs and below 1 in 18 programs (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that DS rates internationally can be evaluated simply and systematically, and underscores how adjusting for spontaneous fetal loss is crucial and feasible. The aOE ratio can help better interpret and compare the reported rates, measure the degree of under- or over-registration, and promote quality improvement in surveillance programs that will ultimately provide better data for research, service planning, and public health programs. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Leoncini, Emanuele; Mastroiacovo, Pierpaolo] Ctr Int Clearinghouse Birth Defects Surveillance, I-00195 Rome, Italy. [Botto, Lorenzo D.; Feldkamp, Marcia L.] Univ Utah, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Med Genet, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Cocchi, Guido] Univ Bologna, Ist Clin Pediat Prevent & Neonatolog, Bologna, Italy. [Anneren, Goran] Uppsala Univ, Dept Genet, Uppsala, Sweden. [Anneren, Goran] Swedish Birth Defects Registry, Stockholm, Sweden. [Bower, Carol] Western Australia Birth Defects Registry, Perth, WA, Australia. [Halliday, Jane] Victoria Birth Defects Registry, Melbourne, Australia. [Amar, Emmanuelle] Fac Laennec, Registre Malformat Rhone Alpes REMERA, Lyon, France. [Bakker, Marian K.] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Genet, Eurocat No Netherlands, NL-9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Bianca, Sebastiano] Genet Med Dipartimento Materno Infantile ARNAS Ga, Sicilian Registry Congenital Malformat ISMAC, Catania, Italy. [Canessa Tapia, Maria Aurora] Reg Register Congenital Malformat Maule Hlth Serv, Linares, Chile. [Csaky-Szunyogh, Melinda] Hungarian Congenital Abnormal Registry HCAR, Budapest, Hungary. [Dastgiri, Saeed] Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Tabriz Registry Congenital Anomalies TRoCA, Tabriz, Iran. [Dastgiri, Saeed] Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Natl Publ Hlth Management Ctr NPMC, Tabriz, Iran. [Gatt, Miriam] Dept Hlth Informat & Res, Malta Congenital Anomalies Registry, Guardamangia, Malta. [Hirahara, Fumiki] Yokohama City Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Mol Reprod Sci, Yokohama, Kanagawa 232, Japan. [Landau, Danielle] Israel Birth Defects Surveillance Program IBDSP, Beer Sheva, Israel. [Lowry, R. Brian] Alberta Childrens Prov Gen Hosp, Alberta Hlth & Wellness, Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance Syst, Dept Clin Genet, Calgary, AB T2T 5C7, Canada. [Marengo, Lisa] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. [McDonnell, Robert] Dublin EUROCAT Registry, Dublin, Ireland. [Mathew, Triphti M.] March Dimes California Birth Defects Monitoring P, Emeryville, CA USA. [Morgan, Margery] CARIS Welsh Congenital Anomaly Register, Swansea, W Glam, Wales. [Mutchinick, Osvaldo M.] Natl Inst Med Sci & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, RYVEMCE, Dept Genet, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Pierini, Anna] CNR, IFC, Tuscany Registry Congenital Defects RTDC, Epidemiol Unit, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. [Poetzsch, Simone] Malformat Monitoring Ctr, Saxony Anhalt, Germany. [Ritvanen, Annukka] Natl Res & Dev Ctr Welf & Hlth STAKES, Helsinki, Finland. [Scarano, Gioacchino] Gen Hosp G Rummo, Dept Med Genet, Birth Defects Campania Registry, Benevento, Italy. [Siffel, Csaba] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sipek, Antonin] Thomayer Univ Hosp, Dept Med Genet, Prague, Czech Republic. [Szabova, Elena] Slovak Med Univ, Slovak Teratol Informat Ctr, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Tagliabue, Giovanna] NCI, Lombardy Birth Defects Registry LBDR, Milan, Italy. [Vollset, Stein Emil] Univ Bergen, Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth & Primary Hlth Care, Med Birth Registry Norway, Bergen, Norway. [Wertelecki, Wladimir] Univ S Alabama, Dept Med Genet, OMNI Net Ukraine, Mobile, AL USA. [Zhuchenko, Ludmila] Moscow Reg Res Sci Inst Obstet & Gynecol, Moscow, Russia. RP Mastroiacovo, P (reprint author), Ctr Int Clearinghouse Birth Defects Surveillance, Via Carlo Mirabello 19, I-00195 Rome, Italy. EM centre@icbdsr.org RI Tagliabue, Giovanna /D-4194-2017; , emanuele/A-5466-2010; Inagemp, Inct/J-9451-2013; dastgiri, saeed/S-9077-2016 OI Tagliabue, Giovanna /0000-0001-8165-5524; , emanuele/0000-0002-7669-8535; Pierini, Anna/0000-0003-3321-9343; dastgiri, saeed/0000-0002-8129-9125 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities [1U50DD000524-01] FX The study was supported by funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Grant Number 1U50DD000524-01, Project "Collaborative International Birth Defects Surveillance and Program". Simonetta Zezza assisted in the preparation of the manuscript and maintaining relationship among contributors. Contributors: PM developed, coordinated the study and reviewed the drafts, EL developed the analysis and wrote the drafts, LDB contributed to the analysis and report writing. All other contributors generated and provided the data, participated in study development, and contributed to writing the report. PM is the guarantor. Ethical approval: Participating surveillance programs operate under approval of local institutional review boards (IRB). The joint analysis, performed on anonymous and aggregated data provided by each participating surveillance program, is exempt from IRB approval. NR 44 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1552-4825 J9 AM J MED GENET A JI Am. J. Med. Genet. A PD JUL PY 2010 VL 152A IS 7 BP 1670 EP + DI 10.1002/ajmg.a.33493 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 628JG UT WOS:000280115000038 PM 20578135 ER PT J AU Alwan, S Reefhuis, J Botto, LD Rasmussen, SA Correa, A Friedman, JM AF Alwan, Sura Reefhuis, Jennita Botto, Lorenzo D. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Correa, Adolfo Friedman, Jan M. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevent Study TI Maternal use of bupropion and risk for congenital heart defects SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE birth defects; bupropion exposure; congenital heart defects; pregnancy ID SEROTONIN-REUPTAKE INHIBITORS; BIRTH-DEFECTS; SMOKING-CESSATION; PREGNANCY; MALFORMATIONS; 1ST-TRIMESTER; PREVALENCE; PAROXETINE; ANOMALIES; WOMEN AB OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine if maternal bupropion treatment in early pregnancy is associated with congenital heart defects in the infant. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective case-control study of birth defects risk factors. Data on 6853 infants with major heart defects were compared with 5869 control infants born in 1997-2004. Bupropion exposure was defined as any reported use between 1 month before and 3 months after conception. RESULTS: Mothers of infants with left outflow tract heart defects were more likely to have reported taking bupropion than mothers of control infants (adjusted odds ratio, 2.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-5.7; P = .01). CONCLUSION: We identified a positive association between early pregnancy bupropion use and left outflow tract heart defects; however, the magnitude of the observed increased risk was small. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to confirm these results. C1 [Reefhuis, Jennita; Rasmussen, Sonja A.; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Alwan, Sura; Friedman, Jan M.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Med Genet, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Botto, Lorenzo D.] Univ Utah, Div Med Genet, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Reefhuis, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JReefhuis@cdc.gov RI Reefhuis, Jennita/E-1793-2011; Publications, NBDPS/B-7692-2013 OI Reefhuis, Jennita/0000-0002-4747-4831; FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The National Birth Defects Prevention Study is funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 203 IS 1 AR 52.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.02.015 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 617WZ UT WOS:000279313900019 PM 20417496 ER PT J AU Shieh, WJ Blau, DM Denison, AM DeLeon-Carnes, M Adem, P Bhatnagar, J Sumner, J Liu, L Patel, M Batten, B Greer, P Jones, T Smith, C Bartlett, J Montague, J White, E Rollin, D Gao, RB Seales, C Jost, H Metcalfe, M Goldsmith, CS Humphrey, C Schmitz, A Drew, C Paddock, C Uyeki, TM Zaki, SR AF Shieh, Wun-Ju Blau, Dianna M. Denison, Amy M. DeLeon-Carnes, Marlene Adem, Patricia Bhatnagar, Julu Sumner, John Liu, Lindy Patel, Mitesh Batten, Brigid Greer, Patricia Jones, Tara Smith, Chalanda Bartlett, Jeanine Montague, Jeltley White, Elizabeth Rollin, Dominique Gao, Rongbao Seales, Cynthia Jost, Heather Metcalfe, Maureen Goldsmith, Cynthia S. Humphrey, Charles Schmitz, Ann Drew, Clifton Paddock, Christopher Uyeki, Timothy M. Zaki, Sherif R. TI 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Pathology and Pathogenesis of 100 Fatal Cases in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; VIRUS-INFECTION; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; A(H1N1) INFECTION; H5N1 INFECTION; BINDING-SPECIFICITY; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; ASIAN INFLUENZA; UNITED-STATES AB In the spring of 2009, a novel influenza A (H1N1) virus emerged in North America and spread worldwide to cause the first influenza pandemic since 1968. During the first 4 months, over 500 deaths in the United States had been associated with confirmed 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) [2009 H1N1] virus infection. Pathological evaluation of respiratory specimens from initial influenza-associated deaths suggested marked differences in viral tropism and tissue damage compared with seasonal influenza and prompted further investigation. Available autopsy tissue samples were obtained from 100 US deaths with laboratory-confirmed 2009 H1N1 virus infection. Demographic and clinical data of these case-patients were collected, and the tissues were evaluated by multiple laboratory methods, including histopathological evaluation, special stains, molecular and immunohistochemical assays, viral culture, and electron microscopy. The most prominent histopathological feature observed was diffuse alveolar damage in the lung in all case-patients examined. Alveolar lining cells, including type I and type II pneumocytes, were the primary infected cells. Bacterial co-infections were identified in >25% of the case-patients. Viral pneumonia and immunolocalization of viral antigen in association with diffuse alveolar damage are prominent features of infection with 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus. Underlying medical conditions and bacterial co-infections contributed to the fatal outcome of this infection. More studies are needed to understand the multifactorial pathogenesis of this infection. (Am J Pathol 2010, 177:166-175; DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.100115) C1 [Shieh, Wun-Ju; Blau, Dianna M.; Denison, Amy M.; DeLeon-Carnes, Marlene; Adem, Patricia; Bhatnagar, Julu; Sumner, John; Liu, Lindy; Patel, Mitesh; Batten, Brigid; Greer, Patricia; Jones, Tara; Smith, Chalanda; Bartlett, Jeanine; Montague, Jeltley; White, Elizabeth; Rollin, Dominique; Seales, Cynthia; Jost, Heather; Metcalfe, Maureen; Goldsmith, Cynthia S.; Humphrey, Charles; Schmitz, Ann; Drew, Clifton; Paddock, Christopher; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gao, Rongbao] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Dept, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Shieh, WJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wbs9@cdc.gov NR 56 TC 171 Z9 184 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3993 USA SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 177 IS 1 BP 166 EP 175 DI 10.2353/ajpath.2010.100115 PG 10 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 624GM UT WOS:000279805100019 PM 20508031 ER PT J AU Dietz, PM England, LJ Shapiro-Mendoza, CK Tong, VT Farr, SL Callaghan, WM AF Dietz, Patricia M. England, Lucinda J. Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K. Tong, Van T. Farr, Sherry L. Callaghan, William M. TI Infant Morbidity and Mortality Attributable to Prenatal Smoking in the US SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PRETERM; BIRTH; SUDDEN; TRENDS; CLASSIFICATION; PREVALENCE; PREGNANCY; OUTCOMES; DEATHS AB Background: Although prenatal smoking continues to decline, it remains one of the most prevalent preventable causes of infant morbidity and mortality in the U.S. Purpose: The aim of this study was to estimate the proportion of preterm deliveries, term low birth weight deliveries, and infant deaths attributable to prenatal smoking. Methods: Associations were estimated for prenatal smoking and preterm deliveries, term low birth weight (<2500 g) deliveries, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), and preterm-related deaths among 3,352,756 singleton, live births using the U.S. Linked Birth/Infant Death Data Set, 2002 birth cohort. The 2002 data set is the most recent, in which 49 states used the same standardized smoking-related question on the birth certificate. Logistic regression models estimated ORs of prenatal smoking for each outcome, and the prenatal smoking population attributable fraction was calculated for each outcome. Results: Prenatal smoking (11.5% of all births) was significantly associated with very (AOR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.4, 1.6); moderate (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.4, 1.4); and late (AOR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.2, 1.3) preterm deliveries; term low birth weight deliveries (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI = 2.3, 2.5); SIDS (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI = 2.4, 3.0); and preterm-related deaths (AOR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.4, 1.6). It was estimated that 5.3%-7.7% of preterm deliveries, 13.1%-19.0% of term low birth weight deliveries, 23.2%-33.6% of SIDS, and 5.0%-7.3% of preterm-related deaths were attributable to prenatal smoking. Assuming prenatal smoking rates continued to decline after 2002, these PAFs would be slightly lower for 2009 (4.4%-6.3% for preterm-related deaths, 20.2%-29.3% for SIDS deaths). Conclusions: Despite recent declines in the prenatal smoking prevalence, prenatal smoking continues to cause a substantial number of infant deaths in the U.S. (Am J Prey Med 2010;39(1):45-52) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Dietz, Patricia M.; England, Lucinda J.; Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K.; Tong, Van T.; Farr, Sherry L.; Callaghan, William M.] CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Dietz, PM (reprint author), CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM PDietz@cdc.gov OI Tong, Van/0000-0002-3970-1440 NR 23 TC 115 Z9 116 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 39 IS 1 BP 45 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.03.009 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 618UU UT WOS:000279382000006 PM 20547278 ER PT J AU Anda, RF Butchart, A Felitti, VJ Brown, DW AF Anda, Robert F. Butchart, Alexander Felitti, Vincent J. Brown, David W. TI Building a Framework for Global Surveillance of the Public Health Implications of Adverse Childhood Experiences SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HOUSEHOLD DYSFUNCTION; MALTREATMENT RESEARCH; CHINESE SOCIETIES; MAJOR DEPRESSION; SEXUAL VIOLENCE; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; SMOKING; STRESS; ADULTS C1 [Anda, Robert F.; Brown, David W.] CDC, Emerging Invest & Analyt Methods Branch, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Anda, Robert F.] Carter Consulting Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Butchart, Alexander] WHO, Dept Injuries & Violence Prevent, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Felitti, Vincent J.] Kaiser Permanente, Dept Prevent Med, San Diego, CA USA. RP Anda, RF (reprint author), CDC, Emerging Invest & Analyt Methods Branch, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K67, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rfa1@cdc.gov RI yan, liu/A-1822-2015 OI yan, liu/0000-0001-8517-1084 NR 52 TC 126 Z9 132 U1 4 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 39 IS 1 BP 93 EP 98 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.03.015 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 618UU UT WOS:000279382000014 PM 20547282 ER PT J AU Khan, AS Fleischauer, A Casani, J Groseclose, SL AF Khan, Ali S. Fleischauer, Aaron Casani, Julie Groseclose, Samuel L. TI The Next Public Health Revolution: Public Health Information Fusion and Social Networks SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID DISEASE SURVEILLANCE; ECONOMIC-IMPACT; INFLUENZA; INTERNET; SYSTEMS AB Social, political, and economic disruptions caused by natural and human-caused public health emergencies have catalyzed public health efforts to expand the scope of biosurveillance and increase the timeliness, quality, and comprehensiveness of disease detection, alerting, response, and prediction. Unfortunately, efforts to acquire, render, and visualize the diversity of health intelligence information are hindered by its wide distribution across disparate fields, multiple levels of government, and the complex interagency environment. Achieving this new level of situation awareness within public health will require a fundamental cultural shift in methods of acquiring, analyzing, and disseminating information. The notion of information "fusion" may provide opportunities to expand data access, analysis, and information exchange to better inform public health action. (Am J Public Health. 2010;100:1237-1242. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.180489) C1 [Khan, Ali S.; Fleischauer, Aaron; Groseclose, Samuel L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fleischauer, Aaron; Casani, Julie] N Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, N Carolina Div Publ Hlth, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Khan, AS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop C-12, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM askhan@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 100 IS 7 BP 1237 EP 1242 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2009.180489 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 610SO UT WOS:000278756000018 PM 20530760 ER PT J AU Tedla, Z Nyirenda, S Peeler, C Agizew, T Sibanda, T Motsamai, O Vernon, A Wells, CD Samandari, T AF Tedla, Zegabriel Nyirenda, Samba Peeler, Crandall Agizew, Tefera Sibanda, Thabisa Motsamai, Oaitse Vernon, Andrew Wells, Charles D. Samandari, Taraz TI Isoniazid-associated Hepatitis and Antiretroviral Drugs during Tuberculosis Prophylaxis in HIV-infected Adults in Botswana SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE HIV infection; isoniazid; hepatitis; viral hepatitis; antiretroviral therapy ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; B SURFACE-ANTIGEN; PREVENTIVE THERAPY; HIV-1-INFECTED ADULTS; LATENT TUBERCULOSIS; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; HEPATOTOXICITY; AFRICAN; PREVALENCE AB Rationale Little is known about the incidence of isoniazid-associated hepatitis in HIV-infected Africans who receive both isoniazid preventive therapy (I PT) and antiretroviral therapy (ART). Objectives: To assess the rate of and risk factors for isoniazid (INH)-associated hepatitis in persons living with HIV (PLWH) during IPT. Methods: PLWH recruited for a clinical trial received 6 months of open-label, daily, self-administered INH at public health clinics. At screening PLWH were excluded if they had any cough, weight loss, night sweats, or other illness. Alcohol abuse was defined as meeting any CAGE criterion. INH-associated hepatitis (INH-hepatitis) was defined as having either alanine or aspartate aminotransferase greater than 5.0 times the upper limit of normal regardless of symptoms when INH was not excluded as the cause. Measurements and Main Results: Of 1,995 PLWH enrolled between 2004 and 2006, 1,762 adhered to at least 4 months of IPT and were analyzed. Nineteen (1.1%) developed hepatitis probably or possibly associated with INH including one death at month 6; 14 of 19(74%) occurred in months 1-3. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) was received by 480 participants but was not statistically associated with INH-hepatitis (relative risk [RR], 1.56; 95% confidence intervals [Cl], 0.623.9); those receiving nevirapine had a higher rate (2.0%) than those receiving efavirenz (0.9%; P = 0.34). Although alcohol use did not reach significance (RR, 1.42; 95% CI, 0.57-3.51), meeting at least one CAGE criterion approached statistical significance (RR, 2.37; 95% CI, 0.96-5.84). Neither age greater than 35 years nor the presence of hepatitis B virus core antibody was associated with INH-hepatitis. Conclusions: The observed rates of INH-hepatitis were similar to published data. Six months of IPT, which is recommended by the World Health Organization, was relatively safe in this, the largest cohort of African PLWH. C1 [Vernon, Andrew; Wells, Charles D.; Samandari, Taraz] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tedla, Zegabriel; Nyirenda, Samba; Peeler, Crandall; Agizew, Tefera; Sibanda, Thabisa; Samandari, Taraz] BOTUSA, Gaborone, Botswana. [Motsamai, Oaitse] Minist Hlth, Natl TB Program, Gaborone, Botswana. RP Samandari, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tsamandari@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, GA); U.S. Agency for International Development FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, GA) and the U.S. Agency for International Development. NR 49 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 182 IS 2 BP 278 EP 285 DI 10.1164/rccm.200911-1783OC PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 629NN UT WOS:000280206700020 PM 20378730 ER PT J AU Lantagne, DS Cardinali, F Blount, BC AF Lantagne, Daniele S. Cardinali, Fred Blount, Ben C. TI Disinfection By-Product Formation and Mitigation Strategies in Point-of-Use Chlorination with Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate in Tanzania SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; WATER-TREATMENT; WESTERN KENYA; DIARRHEA PREVENTION; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; DRINKING-WATER; SAFE STORAGE; HOUSEHOLD; COMMUNITY AB Almost a billion persons lack access to improved drinking water, and diarrheal diseases cause an estimated 1.87 million deaths per year. Sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) tablets are widely recommended for household water treatment to reduce diarrhea. Because NaDCC is directly added to untreated water sources,concerns have been raised about the potential health impact of disinfection by-products. This study investigated trihalomethane (THM) production in water from six sources used for drinking (0.6-888.5 nephelometric turbidity units) near Arusha, Tanzania. No sample collected at 1, 8, and 24 hours after NaDCC addition exceeded the World Health Organization guideline values for either individual or total THMs. Ceramic filtration, sand filtration, cloth filtration, and settling and decanting were not effective mitigation strategies to reduce THM formation. Chlorine residual and THM formation were not significantly different in NaDCC and sodium hypochlorite treatment. Household chlorination of turbid and non-turbid waters did not create THM concentrations that exceeded health risk guidelines. C1 [Lantagne, Daniele S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cardinali, Fred; Blount, Ben C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Chamblee, GA 30333 USA. RP Lantagne, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dlantagne@cdc.gov; fcardinali@cdc.gov; bblount@cdc.gov FU Medentech, Ltd.; United States Agency for International Development FX This study was supported by Medentech, Ltd. and the United States Agency for International Development. A written agreement was signed specifying that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention could interpret and publish data without influence from Medentech. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 9 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 83 IS 1 BP 135 EP 143 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0431 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 618OU UT WOS:000279366300027 PM 20595492 ER PT J AU Openshaw, JJ Swerdlow, DL Krebs, JW Holman, RC Mandel, E Harvey, A Haberling, D Massung, RF McQuiston, JH AF Openshaw, John J. Swerdlow, David L. Krebs, John W. Holman, Robert C. Mandel, Eric Harvey, Alexis Haberling, Dana Massung, Robert F. McQuiston, Jennifer H. TI Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in the United States, 2000-2007: Interpreting Contemporary Increases in Incidence SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID NEWLY RECOGNIZED CAUSE; RICKETTSIA-PARKERI; RISK-FACTORS; AMERICAN-INDIANS; DIAGNOSIS; DISEASES; SURVEILLANCE; POPULATION; INFECTIONS; MASSILIAE AB Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), a potentially fatal tick-borne infection caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, is considered a notifiable condition in the United States. During 2000 to 2007, the annual reported incidence of RMSF increased from 1.7 to 7 cases per million persons from 2000 to 2007, the highest rate ever recorded. American Indians had a significantly higher incidence than other race groups. Children 5-9 years of age appeared at highest risk for fatal outcome. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays became more widely available beginning in 2004 and were used to diagnose 38% of cases during 2005-2007. The proportion of cases classified as confirmed RMSF decreased from 15% in 2000 to 4% in 2007. Concomitantly, case fatality decreased from 2.2% to 0.3%. The decreasing proportion of confirmed cases and cases with fatal outcome suggests that changes in diagnostic and surveillance practices may be influencing the observed increase in reported incidence rates. C1 [Openshaw, John J.; Swerdlow, David L.; Krebs, John W.; Holman, Robert C.; Mandel, Eric; Harvey, Alexis; Haberling, Dana; Massung, Robert F.; McQuiston, Jennifer H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McQuiston, JH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G-44, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fzh7@cdc.gov NR 49 TC 63 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 83 IS 1 BP 174 EP 182 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0752 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 618OU UT WOS:000279366300033 PM 20595498 ER PT J AU Johansson, MA Arana-Vizcarrondo, N Biggerstaff, BJ Staples, JE AF Johansson, Michael A. Arana-Vizcarrondo, Neysari Biggerstaff, Brad J. Staples, J. Erin TI Incubation Periods of Yellow Fever Virus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID AEDES-AEGYPTI; VACCINATION; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; IMMUNIZATION; TEMPERATURE; MODEL; RISK AB Yellow fever virus is a global health threat due to its endemicity in parts of Africa and South America where human infections occur in residents and travelers. To understand yellow fever dynamics, it is critical to characterize the incubation periods of the virus in vector mosquitoes and humans. Here, we compare four statistical models of the yellow fever incubation periods fitted with historical data. The extrinsic incubation period in the urban vector Aedes aegypti was best characterized with a temperature-dependent Weibull model with a median of 10 days at 25 degrees C (middle 95% = 2.0-37 days). The intrinsic incubation period, fitted with a log-normal model, had a median of 4.3 days (middle 95% = 2.3-8.6 days). These estimates and their associated statistical models provide a quantitative basis to assist in exposure assessments, model potential outbreaks, and evaluate the effectiveness of public health interventions. C1 [Johansson, Michael A.; Arana-Vizcarrondo, Neysari] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. [Biggerstaff, Brad J.; Staples, J. Erin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Johansson, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. EM mjohansson@cdc.gov; nnarana@gmail.com; bbiggerstaff@cdc.gov; estaples@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Preparedness Modeling Initiative FX This work was partly supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Preparedness Modeling Initiative. NR 52 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 83 IS 1 BP 183 EP 188 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0782 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 618OU UT WOS:000279366300034 PM 20595499 ER PT J AU Kuklina, EV Yoon, PW Keenan, NL AF Kuklina, Elena V. Yoon, Paula W. Keenan, Nora L. TI Prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors and Screening for High Cholesterol Levels Among Young Adults, United States, 1999-2006 SO ANNALS OF FAMILY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Coronary heart disease; hyperlipidemia; health promotion; mass screening ID INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK AB PURPOSE Previous studies have reported low rates of screening for high cholesterol levels among young adults in the United States. Although recommendations for screening young adults without risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) differ, all guidelines recommend screening adults with CHD, CHD equivalents, or 1 or more CHD risk factors. This study examined national prevalence of CHD risk factors and compliance with the cholesterol screening guidelines among young adults. METHODS National estimates were obtained using results for 2,587 young adults (men aged 20 to 35 years; women aged 20 to 45 years) from the 1999-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. We defined high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as levels higher than the goal specific for each CHD risk category outlined in the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. RESULTS About 590/s of young adults had CHD or CHD equivalents, or 1 or more of the following CHD risk factors: family history of early CHD, smoking, hypertension, or obesity. In our study, the overall screening rate in this population was less than 50%. Moreover, no significant difference in screening rates between young adults with no risk factors and their counterparts with 1 or more risk factors was found even after adjustment for sociodemographic and health care factors. Approximately 65% of young adults with CHD or CHID equivalents, 26% of young adults with 2 or more risk factors, 12% of young adults with 1 risk factor, and 7% with no risk factor had a high level of LDL-C. CONCLUSIONS CHD risk factors are common in young adults but do not appear to alter screening rates. Improvement of risk assessment and management for cardiovascular disease among young adults is warranted. C1 [Kuklina, Elena V.; Yoon, Paula W.; Keenan, Nora L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kuklina, EV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE,Mailstop K-47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ekuklina@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 7 PU ANNALS FAMILY MEDICINE PI LEAWOOD PA 11400 TOMAHAWK CREEK PARKWAY, LEAWOOD, KS 66211-2672 USA SN 1544-1709 J9 ANN FAM MED JI Ann. Fam. Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 2010 VL 8 IS 4 BP 327 EP 333 DI 10.1370/afm.1137 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 634YQ UT WOS:000280622600007 PM 20644187 ER PT J AU Evans, DE Ku, BK Birch, ME Dunn, KH AF Evans, Douglas E. Ku, Bon Ki Birch, M. Eileen Dunn, Kevin H. TI Aerosol Monitoring during Carbon Nanofiber Production: Mobile Direct-Reading Sampling SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE carbon monoxide; emissions; exposure; exposure controls; nanofibers; nanomaterial; nanoparticle; nanotubes; occupational; ultrafine; workplace ID CONDENSATION PARTICLE COUNTER; SURFACE-AREA; ASSEMBLY FACILITY; FINE PARTICLES; ULTRAFINE; MASS; NANOTUBES; EXPOSURE; NUMBER; NANOMATERIALS AB Detailed investigations were conducted at a facility that manufactures and processes carbon nanofibers (CNFs). Presented research summarizes the direct-reading monitoring aspects of the study. A mobile aerosol sampling platform, equipped with an aerosol instrument array, was used to characterize emissions at different locations within the facility. Particle number, respirable mass, active surface area, and photoelectric response were monitored with a condensation particle counter (CPC), a photometer, a diffusion charger, and a photoelectric aerosol sensor, respectively. CO and CO2 were additionally monitored. Combined simultaneous monitoring of these metrics can be utilized to determine source and relative contribution of airborne particles (CNFs and others) within a workplace. Elevated particle number concentrations, up to 1.15 x 10(6) cm(-3), were found within the facility but were not due to CNFs. Ultrafine particle emissions, released during thermal treatment of CNFs, were primarily responsible. In contrast, transient increases in respirable particle mass concentration, with a maximum of 1.1 mg m(-3), were due to CNF release through uncontrolled transfer and bagging. Of the applied metrics, our findings suggest that particle mass was probably the most useful and practical metric for monitoring CNF emissions in this facility. Through chemical means, CNFs may be selectively distinguished from other workplace contaminants (Birch et al., in preparation), and for direct-reading monitoring applications, the photometer was found to provide a reasonable estimate of respirable CNF mass concentration. Particle size distribution measurements were conducted with an electrical low-pressure impactor and a fast particle size spectrometer. Results suggest that the dominant CNF mode by particle number lies between 200 and 250 nm for both aerodynamic and mobility equivalent diameters. Significant emissions of CO were also evident in this facility. Exposure control recommendations were described for processes as required. C1 [Evans, Douglas E.; Ku, Bon Ki; Birch, M. Eileen; Dunn, Kevin H.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Evans, DE (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS-R5, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM dje3@cdc.gov RI Dunn, Kevin/I-2195-2012 NR 47 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 22 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 EI 1475-3162 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 54 IS 5 BP 514 EP 531 DI 10.1093/annhyg/meq015 PG 18 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 632IE UT WOS:000280415100004 PM 20447936 ER PT J AU Hess, KM Goad, JA Arguin, PM AF Hess, Karl M. Goad, Jeffery A. Arguin, Paul M. TI Intravenous Artesunate for the Treatment of Severe Malaria SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE artemisinin; artesunate; severe malaria ID SEVERE FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; ARTEMISININ SUPPOSITORIES; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; ORAL ARTESUNATE; UNITED-STATES; ANTIMALARIAL; QUININE; DERIVATIVES; RESISTANCE; PHARMACOKINETICS AB OBJECTIVE: To review the pharmacodynamics and pharmacotherapeutic use of intravenous artesunate for the treatment of severe malaria. DATA SOURCES: Literature was retrieved through PubMed (1999 March 2010), MEDLINE (1996 March 2010), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), using the search terms artemisinin, artesunate, malaria, and severe malaria. In addition, reference citations from publications identified were reviewed. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All articles in English that were identified from the data sources were reviewed. Focus was placed on post-marketing trials examining the safety and efficacy of artesunate in comparison with other regimens. DATA SYNTHESIS: The treatment of severe malaria requires prompt, safe, and effective intravenous antimalarials. Many oral and intravenous agents are available worldwide for the treatment of malaria; however, quinidine has been the only option for parenteral therapy in the US. Furthermore, this product's lack of availability as well as its adverse safety profile have created a treatment option gap. Recently, intravenous artesunate was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for investigational drug use and distribution by the CDC. Three major studies regarding the use of intravenous artesunate are reviewed, in addition to the World Health Organization's malaria treatment guidelines. While there are no published head-to-head trials of intravenous artesunate versus intravenous quinidine for severe malaria, several international studies comparing intravenous quinine and artesunate concluded that artesunate has the highest treatment success, with lower incidence of adverse events. In addition, other literature is reviewed regarding counterfeit and other issues associated with artesunate. CONCLUSIONS: Artesunate, a new antimalarial currently available through the CDC, appears to be highly effective, better tolerated than quinidine, and not hampered by accessibility issues. If it were to be FDA approved and commercially available, it would be the preferred agent for the treatment of severe malaria in the US. C1 [Hess, Karl M.] Western Univ Hlth Sci, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharm Practice & Adm, Pomona, CA 91766 USA. [Goad, Jeffery A.] Univ So Calif, Sch Pharm, Dept Clin Pharm Pharmaceut Econ & Policy, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Arguin, Paul M.] US PHS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Arguin, Paul M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Domest Unit, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hess, KM (reprint author), Western Univ Hlth Sci, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharm Practice & Adm, 309 E 2nd St, Pomona, CA 91766 USA. EM khess@westernu.edu NR 36 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 USA SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD JUL-AUG PY 2010 VL 44 IS 7-8 BP 1250 EP 1258 DI 10.1345/aph.1M732 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 623LW UT WOS:000279742700013 PM 20551300 ER PT J AU Weigel, LM Sue, D Michel, PA Kitchel, B Pillai, SP AF Weigel, Linda M. Sue, David Michel, Pierre A. Kitchel, Brandon Pillai, Segaran P. TI A Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test for Bacillus anthracis SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE GENES; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; DNA MICROARRAY; IN-VITRO; PCR; ASSAY; IDENTIFICATION; MUTATIONS; DIVERSITY; BACTERIA AB An effective public health response to a deliberate release of Bacillus anthracis will require a rapid distribution of antimicrobial agents for postexposure prophylaxis and treatment. However, conventional antimicrobial susceptibility testing for B. anthracis requires a 16- to 20-h incubation period. To reduce this time, we have combined a modified broth microdilution (BMD) susceptibility testing method with real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). The growth or inhibition of growth of B. anthracis cells incubated in 2-fold dilutions of ciprofloxacin (CIP) (0.015 to 16 mu g/ml) or doxycycline (DOX) (0.06 to 64 mu g/ml) was determined by comparing the fluorescence threshold cycle (C(T)) generated by target amplification from cells incubated with each drug concentration with the C(T) of the no-drug (positive growth) control. This Delta C(T) readily differentiated susceptible and nonsusceptible strains. Among susceptible strains, the median Delta C(T) values were >= 7.51 cycles for CIP and >= 7.08 cycles for DOX when drug concentrations were at or above the CLSI breakpoint for susceptibility. For CIP- and DOX-nonsusceptible strains, the Delta C(T) was <1.0 cycle at the breakpoint for susceptibility. When evaluated with 14 genetically and geographically diverse strains of B. anthracis, the rapid method provided the same susceptibility results as conventional methods but required less than 6 h, significantly decreasing the time required for the selection and distribution of appropriate medical countermeasures. C1 [Weigel, Linda M.; Sue, David; Michel, Pierre A.; Kitchel, Brandon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pillai, Segaran P.] US Dept Homeland Secur, Sci & Technol Directorate, Washington, DC 20528 USA. RP Weigel, LM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-08, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LWeigel@cdc.gov FU Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security [HSHQDC-09-X-00022]; CDC Office for Public Health Preparedness and Response FX This work was supported in part by an interagency agreement with the Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, contract no. HSHQDC-09-X-00022, and by funds made available from the CDC Office for Public Health Preparedness and Response. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 54 IS 7 BP 2793 EP 2800 DI 10.1128/AAC.00247-10 PG 8 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 611TF UT WOS:000278845100006 PM 20439614 ER PT J AU Kersh, GJ Wolfe, TM Fitzpatrick, KA Candee, AJ Oliver, LD Patterson, NE Self, JS Priestley, RA Loftis, AD Massung, RF AF Kersh, Gilbert J. Wolfe, Teresa M. Fitzpatrick, Kelly A. Candee, Amanda J. Oliver, Lindsay D. Patterson, Nicole E. Self, Joshua S. Priestley, Rachael A. Loftis, Amanda D. Massung, Robert F. TI Presence of Coxiella burnetii DNA in the Environment of the United States, 2006 to 2008 SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID Q-FEVER; US MILITARY; OUTBREAK; IRAQ; PCR AB Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular bacterium that causes the zoonotic disease Q fever. Because C. burnetii is highly infectious, can survive under a variety of environmental conditions, and has been weaponized in the past, it is classified as a select agent and is considered a potential bioweapon. The agent is known to be present in domestic livestock and in wild animal populations, but the background levels of C. burnetii in the environment have not been reported. To better understand the amount of C. burnetii present in the environment of the United States, more than 1,600 environmental samples were collected from six geographically diverse parts of the United States in the years 2006 to 2008. DNA was purified from these samples, and the presence of C. burnetii DNA was evaluated by quantitative PCR of the IS1111 repetitive element. Overall, 23.8% of the samples were positive for C. burnetii DNA. The prevalence in the different states ranged from 6 to 44%. C. burnetii DNA was detected in locations with livestock and also in locations with primarily human activity (post offices, stores, schools, etc.). This study demonstrates that C. burnetii is fairly common in the environment in the United States, and any analysis of C. burnetii after a suspected intentional release should be interpreted in light of these background levels. It also suggests that human exposure to C. burnetii may be more common than what is suggested by the number of reported cases of Q fever. C1 [Kersh, Gilbert J.; Wolfe, Teresa M.; Fitzpatrick, Kelly A.; Candee, Amanda J.; Oliver, Lindsay D.; Patterson, Nicole E.; Self, Joshua S.; Priestley, Rachael A.; Loftis, Amanda D.; Massung, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Massung, RF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-13, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rfm2@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX A.J.C., N.E.P., T. M. W., and K. A. F. were supported by an appointment to the Emerging Infectious Diseases Fellowship program administered by the Association of Public Health Laboratories and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 33 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 76 IS 13 BP 4469 EP 4475 DI 10.1128/AEM.00042-10 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 614TN UT WOS:000279082800040 PM 20472727 ER PT J AU Fitzpatrick, KA Kersh, GJ Massung, RF AF Fitzpatrick, Kelly A. Kersh, Gilbert J. Massung, Robert F. TI Practical Method for Extraction of PCR-Quality DNA from Environmental Soil Samples SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PURIFICATION AB Methods for the extraction of PCR-quality DNA from environmental soil samples by using pairs of commercially available kits were evaluated. Coxiella burnetii DNA was detected in spiked soil samples at <1,000 genome equivalents per gram of soil and in 12 (16.4%) of 73 environmental soil samples. C1 [Fitzpatrick, Kelly A.; Kersh, Gilbert J.; Massung, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kersh, GJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, MS G-13,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gkersh@cdc.gov FU Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL); CDC FX K. A. F. was supported by an appointment to the Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) Fellowship program administered by the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) and funded by the CDC. NR 8 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 76 IS 13 BP 4571 EP 4573 DI 10.1128/AEM.02825-09 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 614TN UT WOS:000279082800055 PM 20435765 ER PT J AU Edmonds, J Clark, P Williams, L Lindquist, HDA Martinez, K Gardner, W Shadomy, S Hornsby-Myers, J AF Edmonds, Jason Clark, Paul Williams, Leslie Lindquist, H. D. Alan Martinez, Kenneth Gardner, Warren Shadomy, Sean Hornsby-Myers, Jennifer TI Multigeneration Cross Contamination of Mail with Bacillus Species Spores by Tumbling SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX OUTBREAK; UNITED-STATES; NONPOROUS SURFACES; BIOTERRORISM; AEROSOLIZATION; WASHINGTON; INFECTION; RECOVERY; WORKERS; RISK AB In 2001, envelopes loaded with Bacillus anthracis spores were mailed to Senators Daschle and Leahy as well as to the New York Post and NBC News buildings. Additional letters may have been mailed to other news agencies because there was confirmed anthrax infection of employees at these locations. These events heightened the awareness of the lack of understanding of the mechanism(s) by which objects contaminated with a biological agent might spread disease. This understanding is crucial for the estimation of the potential for exposure to ensure the appropriate response in the event of future attacks. In this study, equipment to simulate interactions between envelopes and procedures to analyze the spread of spores from a "payload" envelope (i.e., loaded internally with a powdered spore preparation) onto neighboring envelopes were developed. Another process to determine whether an aerosol could be generated by opening contaminated envelopes was developed. Subsequent generations of contaminated envelopes originating from a single payload envelope showed a consistent two-log decrease in the number of spores transferred from one generation to the next. Opening a tertiary contaminated envelope resulted in an aerosol containing 103 B. anthracis spores. We developed a procedure for sampling contaminated letters by a nondestructive method aimed at providing information useful for consequence management while preserving the integrity of objects contaminated during the incident and preserving evidence for law enforcement agencies. C1 [Edmonds, Jason; Clark, Paul; Williams, Leslie; Gardner, Warren] USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, US Dept Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Lindquist, H. D. Alan] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Martinez, Kenneth; Hornsby-Myers, Jennifer] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Shadomy, Sean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Edmonds, J (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, US Dept Def, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jason.edmonds1@us.army.mil FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [07FED703911 (07-18)]; Department of Defense; Edgewood Chemical Biological Center; Department of Health and Human Services; National Institutes for Occupational Safety and Health; Department of Justice; Federal Bureau of Investigation; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX We acknowledge the contribution of Jerry Bottiger of the Aerosol Sciences team at the Edgewood Chemical Biological Center for constructing the mail tumbler. We thank Patricia Collett and Julia Collins at the Edgewood Chemical Biological Center for their technical contributions. Technical guidance and consultation were obtained from a scientific steering committee composed of federal partners, including the CDC, the EPA, the Department of Defense, and the FBI. Specifically, we thank Nicholas Pacquette. Finally, we thank Leslie Custer and Justin Ritmiller of Booz Allen Hamilton for graphic support. Funding (partial) for this project was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Interagency Agreement 07FED703911 (07-18).; The Department of Defense, Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institutes for Occupational Safety and Health, Department of Justice, and Federal Bureau of Investigation, as well as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. The manuscript has been subject to Agency review but does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. Mention or use of trade names does not constitute endorsement of recommendation for use. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 76 IS 14 BP 4797 EP 4804 DI 10.1128/AEM.02978-09 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 621UX UT WOS:000279611500026 PM 20511424 ER PT J AU Raphael, BH Choudoir, MJ Luquez, C Fernandez, R Maslanka, SE AF Raphael, Brian H. Choudoir, Mallory J. Luquez, Carolina Fernandez, Rafael Maslanka, Susan E. TI Sequence Diversity of Genes Encoding Botulinum Neurotoxin Type F SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTEOLYTIC CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; BARATII TYPE-F; INFANT BOTULISM; COMPLEX GENES; UNITED-STATES; STRAINS; TOXIN; CLUSTERS; CALIFORNIA AB Botulism due to type F botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT/F) is rare (<1% of cases), and only a limited number of clostridial strains producing this toxin type have been isolated. As a result, analysis of the diversity of genes encoding BoNT/F has been challenging. In this study, the entire bont/F nucleotide sequences were determined from 33 type F botulinum toxin-producing clostridial strains isolated from environmental sources and botulism outbreak investigations. We examined proteolytic and nonproteolytic Clostridium botulinum type F strains, bivalent strains, including Bf and Af, and Clostridium baratii type F strains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the bont/F genes examined formed 7 subtypes (F1 to F7) and that the nucleotide sequence identities of these subtypes differed by up to 25%. The genes from proteolytic (group I) C. botulinum strains formed subtypes F1 through F5, while the genes from nonproteolytic (group II) C. botulinum strains formed subtype F6. Subtype F7 was composed exclusively of bont/F genes from C. baratii strains. The region of the bont/F5 gene encoding the neurotoxin light chain was found to be highly divergent compared to the other subtypes. Although the bont/F5 nucleotide sequences were found to be identical in strains harboring this gene, the gene located directly upstream (ntnh/F) demonstrated sequence variation among representative strains of this subtype. These results demonstrate that extensive nucleotide diversity exists among genes encoding type F neurotoxins from strains with different phylogenetic backgrounds and from various geographical sources. C1 [Raphael, Brian H.; Choudoir, Mallory J.; Luquez, Carolina; Maslanka, Susan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Fernandez, Rafael] Univ Nacl Cuyo, Area Microbiol, RA-5500 Mendoza, Argentina. RP Raphael, BH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-29, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM BRaphael@cdc.gov RI luquez, carolina/C-4352-2011; OI Raphael, Brian/0000-0003-2778-2623 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Coordinating Office for Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response FX This publication was supported by funds made available from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Coordinating Office for Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response. NR 38 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 76 IS 14 BP 4805 EP 4812 DI 10.1128/AEM.03109-09 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 621UX UT WOS:000279611500027 PM 20511432 ER PT J AU Foti, K Lowry, R AF Foti, Kathryn Lowry, Richard TI Trends in Perceived Overweight Status Among Overweight and Nonoverweight Adolescents SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID WEIGHT-RELATED CONCERNS; HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; COLLEGE-WOMEN; UNITED-STATES; US CHILDREN; BODY-IMAGE; BEHAVIORS; OBESITY; PERCEPTIONS; RELIABILITY AB Objective: To examine trends in perceived overweight among US adolescents, including trends in perceived overweight among overweight and nonoverweight adolescents overall and by sex and race/ethnicity. Design: Trend analyses of serial cross-sectional data. Setting: National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys conducted in 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, and 2007. Participants: Nationally representative samples of US high school students in each survey year. Main Outcome Measures: All students with a body mass index at or higher than the 85th percentile were considered "overweight," while those with a body mass index lower than the 85th percentile were considered "nonoverweight." Students who perceived themselves as "slightly overweight" or "very overweight" were considered to perceive themselves as overweight. Results: Among all students and among most subgroups, the prevalence of overweight increased from 1999 to 2007. The prevalence of perceived overweight did not change. Among nonoverweight students, the prevalence of perceived overweight decreased overall, among white males, and among white, black, and Hispanic females. Among overweight students, few trends in the prevalence of perceived overweight were detected; only among overweight black males did the prevalence of perceived overweight increase. Conclusions: Weight perception is an important predictor of diet and weight management behaviors. Decreases in the prevalence of perceived overweight among nonoverweight students have positive implications for reducing unhealthy weight control behaviors. Among overweight students, interventions are needed to increase their recognition of being overweight because those who do not perceive themselves as overweight are unlikely to engage in weight control practices. C1 [Foti, Kathryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Foti, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent, Mailstop K-33,4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM htk7@cdc.gov FU Association of Schools of Public Health FX Ms Foti is a health scientist in the Division of Adolescent and School Health at CDC. At the time this article was written, Ms Foti was a fellow in the Division of Adolescent and School Health at CDC, sponsored by the Association of Schools of Public Health and CDC. Dr Lowry is a medical officer in the Division of Adolescent and School Health at CDC. NR 27 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 164 IS 7 BP 636 EP 642 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 625CZ UT WOS:000279871600007 PM 20603464 ER PT J AU Tevendale, H AF Tevendale, Heather TI Integrating Past Research on Related Abstinence and Safer-Sex Interventions SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ADOLESCENTS C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Appl Sci Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30319 USA. RP Tevendale, H (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Appl Sci Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K-22, Atlanta, GA 30319 USA. EM hrx9@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 164 IS 7 BP 679 EP 680 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 625CZ UT WOS:000279871600018 PM 20603473 ER PT J AU Frenck, RW Seward, JF AF Frenck, Robert W., Jr. Seward, Jane F. TI Varicella Vaccine Safety and Immunogenicity in Patients With Juvenile Rheumatic Diseases Receiving Methotrexate and Corticosteroids SO ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; LEUKEMIA; ZOSTER; IMMUNIZATION; ARTHRITIS; MORTALITY C1 [Frenck, Robert W., Jr.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Seward, Jane F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Frenck, RW (reprint author), 3333 Burnet Ave,MC 6014, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. EM Robert.Frenck@cchmc.org NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 2151-464X J9 ARTHRIT CARE RES JI Arthritis Care Res. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 62 IS 7 BP 903 EP 906 DI 10.1002/acr.20234 PG 4 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 639MX UT WOS:000280980000001 PM 20506363 ER PT J AU Theis, KA Murphy, L Hootman, JM Helmick, CG Sacks, JJ AF Theis, Kristina A. Murphy, Louise Hootman, Jennifer M. Helmick, Charles G. Sacks, Jeffrey J. TI Arthritis Restricts Volunteer Participation: Prevalence and Correlates of Volunteer Status Among Adults With Arthritis SO ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID VALUED LIFE ACTIVITIES; ATTRIBUTABLE WORK LIMITATION; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; OLDER-ADULTS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; DISABILITY; DEPRESSION; AGE; INDIVIDUALS; RELIABILITY AB Objective. To estimate, among adults ages >= 45 years with arthritis, the prevalence and correlates of 1) volunteering, 2) arthritis-attributable restrictions among volunteers, and 3) arthritis as the main barrier to volunteering (AMBV) among non-volunteers. Methods. Data were from the 2005-2006 Arthritis Conditions Health Effects Survey, a cross-sectional random-digit-dialed national telephone survey of noninstitutionalized US adults ages >= 45 years with self-reported, doctor-diagnosed arthritis. Respondents (n = 1,793; weighted population 37.7 million) were asked if they currently volunteer (work outside the home without pay). Volunteers were asked if arthritis affects their amount or type of volunteering (arthritis-attributable volunteer limitation [AAVL]). Non-volunteers were asked if arthritis is the main reason they do not volunteer (AMBV). Univariable and multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate associations between potential correlates and each outcome. Results. One-third of the respondents reported volunteering. Among volunteers, 41% (4.9 million) reported AAVL. Among non-volunteers, 27% (6.8 million) reported AMBV. Fair/poor self-rated health was significantly associated with less volunteering (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.5, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.4-0.8) and greater AAVL (multivariable-adjusted OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1-4.0) and AMBV (multivariable-adjusted OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2-2.7). Poor physical function was the most strongly associated correlate of both AAVL and AMBV (multivariable-adjusted ORs 8.0 and 4.3, respectively). Conclusion. Volunteering is an important role with individual and societal benefits, but almost 12 million adults with arthritis are limited or do not participate in volunteering due to arthritis. Individuals with restrictions in volunteering reported a substantial burden of poor physical function and may benefit from effective, underused interventions designed to improve physical function, delay disability, and enhance arthritis self-management. C1 [Theis, Kristina A.] CDC, Arthrit Program, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sacks, Jeffrey J.] Sue Binder Consulting Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Theis, KA (reprint author), CDC, Arthrit Program, Div Adult & Community Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-51, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM KTheis@cdc.gov FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-06OR23100]; Oak Ridge Associated Universities [DE-AC05-06OR23100] FX This research was performed under an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the CDC, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education under contract DE-AC05-06OR23100 between the US Department of Energy and Oak Ridge Associated Universities. NR 49 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 2151-464X J9 ARTHRIT CARE RES JI Arthritis Care Res. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 62 IS 7 BP 907 EP 916 DI 10.1002/acr.20141 PG 10 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 639MX UT WOS:000280980000002 PM 20597117 ER PT J AU Bowman, JD Miller, CK Krieg, EF Song, RG AF Bowman, Joseph D. Miller, Christian K. Krieg, Edward F. Song, Ruiguang TI Analyzing Digital Vector Waveforms of 0-3000 Hz Magnetic Fields for Health Studies SO BIOELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE ELF magnetic fields; exposure assessment; computer programs ID CHILDHOOD LEUKEMIA; BIOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS; UTILITY WORKERS; POWER-FREQUENCY; EXPOSURE; INDEXES; MODEL; RISK AB To improve the assessment of magnetic field exposures for occupational health studies, the Multi wave (R) System III (MW3) was developed to capture personal exposures to the three-dimensional magnetic field vector B(t) in the 0-3000 Hz band. To process hundreds of full-shift MW3 measurements from epidemiologic studies, new computer programs were developed to calculate the magnetic field's physical properties and its interaction with biological systems through various mechanisms (magnetic induction, radical pair interactions, ion resonance, etc.). For automated calculations in the frequency domain, the software uses new algorithms that remove artifacts in the magnetic field's Fourier transform due to electronic noise and the person's motion through perturbations in the geomagnetic field from steel objects. These algorithms correctly removed the Fourier transform artifacts in 92% of samples and have improved the accuracy of frequency-dependent metrics by as much as 3300%. The output of the MwBatch software is a matrix of 41 exposure metrics calculated for each 2/15s sample combined with 8 summary metrics for the person's full-period exposure, giving 294 summary-exposure metrics for each person monitored. In addition, the MwVisualizer software graphically explores the magnetic field's vector trace, its component waveforms, and the metrics over time. The output was validated against spreadsheet calculations with pilot data. This software successfully analyzed full-shift MW3 monitoring with 507 electric utility workers, comprising over I million vector waveforms. The software's output can be used to test hypotheses about magnetic field biology and disease with biophysical models and also assess compliance with exposure limits. Bioelectromagnetics 31:391-405, 2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Bowman, Joseph D.; Miller, Christian K.; Krieg, Edward F.; Song, Ruiguang] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Bowman, JD (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM jbowman@cdc.gov NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0197-8462 J9 BIOELECTROMAGNETICS JI Bioelectromagnetics PD JUL PY 2010 VL 31 IS 5 BP 391 EP 405 DI 10.1002/bem.20570 PG 15 WC Biology; Biophysics SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics GA 614DJ UT WOS:000279035200006 PM 20213671 ER EF