FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Reef, SE Chu, SY Cochi, SL Kezaala, R van den Ent, M Gay, A de Quadros, C Strebel, PM AF Reef, Susan E. Chu, Susan Y. Cochi, Stephen L. Kezaala, Robert van den Ent, Maya Gay, Andrea de Quadros, Ciro Strebel, Peter M. TI Reducing the global burden of congenital rubella syndrome SO LANCET LA English DT Letter C1 [Reef, Susan E.; Chu, Susan Y.; Cochi, Stephen L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kezaala, Robert; van den Ent, Maya] UNICEF, New York, NY USA. [Gay, Andrea] UN Fdn, Washington, DC USA. [de Quadros, Ciro] Sabin Vaccine Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Strebel, Peter M.] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Reef, SE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ser2@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD SEP 29 PY 2012 VL 380 IS 9848 BP 1145 EP 1146 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 012SD UT WOS:000309255900023 PM 23021280 ER PT J AU Stoecker, C Hampton, LM Moore, MR AF Stoecker, Charles Hampton, Lee M. Moore, Matthew R. TI 7-Valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and otitis media: Effectiveness of a 2-dose versus 3-dose primary series SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Streptococcus pneumoniae; Pneumococcal disease; Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; Otitis media ID UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; IMPACT; SCHEDULE; PROGRAM; DISEASE; IMMUNOGENICITY; PREVENTION; PNEUMONIA; ENGLAND AB Background: Seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (PCV7) has been shown to reduce rates of otitis media (OM) when given as a 2- or 3-dose primary series followed by a booster dose. However, data on the 2- or 3-dose primary series' relative effectiveness against OM is very limited. Using data from the United States after the 2000 introduction of PCV7, we compared the effectiveness of a 2- versus a 3-dose primary series against acute otitis media (AOM). Methods: We examined the 2002 birth cohort from the Medstat MarketScan insurance claims database and compared the incidence of AOM in children that received two or three doses in the primary PCV7 series using propensity score matching. We assessed AOM rates after completion of the primary series and before the booster dose, and after the booster dose until four years of age. Results: Among the 2002 birth cohort captured by MarketScan, we identified 38,786 children we could match with immunization data; of these 8515 (22%) received a 2-dose primary series and 10,152 (26%) received a 3-dose primary series. After matching, cumulative AOM incidence between 6 and 12 months among children who did not receive a PCV7 dose between the primary series and the booster dose was 37.6% for the 2-dose series and 35.0% for the 3-dose series. This difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.22). Cumulative AOM incidence between one and four years, i.e., after the booster dose, was 104.4% for the 2-dose primary series and 102.5% for the 3-dose primary series, and the difference between them was also statistically insignificant. Conclusion: In a population of highly-insured children, a 2-dose primary series of PCV7 appears to provide similar protection against AOM as a 3-dose primary series. These data have important implications for national immunization programs where AOM is an important driver of cost-effectiveness. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Stoecker, Charles; Hampton, Lee M.; Moore, Matthew R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Hampton, Lee M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Stoecker, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM cstoecker@cdc.gov OI Stoecker, Charles/0000-0001-5438-9312 NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD SEP 28 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 44 BP 6256 EP 6262 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.08.011 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 017UQ UT WOS:000309616900005 PM 22906725 ER PT J AU Rittenour, WR Hamilton, RG Beezhold, DH Green, BJ AF Rittenour, William R. Hamilton, Robert G. Beezhold, Donald H. Green, Brett J. TI Immunologic, spectrophotometric and nucleic acid based methods for the detection and quantification of airborne pollen SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Review DE Allergen; Immunoassay; Pollen; Polymerase chain reaction ID FT-IR SPECTROSCOPY; IDENTIFICATION; ALLERGENS; EXPOSURE; PCR; CLASSIFICATION; AMPLIFICATION; POPULATION; AUTOMATION; POLYMERASE AB Microscopic identification of pollen morphological phenotypes has been the traditional method used to identify and quantify pollen collected by air monitoring stations worldwide. Although this method has enabled a semi-standardized approach for the assessment of pollen exposure, limitations including labor intensiveness, required expertise, examiner bias, and the inability to differentiate species, genera, and in some cases families have limited data derived from the these stations. Recent advances in chemical, biochemical and molecular detection methods have provided standardized alternatives to this microscopic approach. In this review, we examine the applicability of alternative methodologies, in particular nucleic acid based assays involving the quantitative polymerase chain reaction, for the standardized detection of airborne pollen. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Rittenour, William R.; Beezhold, Donald H.; Green, Brett J.] NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Hamilton, Robert G.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Clin Immunol & Allergy, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Beezhold, DH (reprint author), NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 4020, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM zec1@cdc.gov FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Y1-ES0001-06] FX The findings and the conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. This work was supported in part by an InterAgency agreement with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Y1-ES0001-06). NR 42 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD SEP 28 PY 2012 VL 383 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 47 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.jim.2012.01.012 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 996BU UT WOS:000308059800006 PM 22342607 ER PT J AU Caugant, DA Kristiansen, PA Wang, X Mayer, LW Taha, MK Ouedraogo, R Kandolo, D Bougoudogo, F Sow, S Bonte, L AF Caugant, Dominique A. Kristiansen, Paul A. Wang, Xin Mayer, Leonard W. Taha, Muhamed-Kheir Ouedraogo, Rasmata Kandolo, Denis Bougoudogo, Flabou Sow, Samba Bonte, Laurence TI Molecular Characterization of Invasive Meningococcal Isolates from Countries in the African Meningitis Belt before Introduction of a Serogroup A Conjugate Vaccine SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; BURKINA-FASO; W135; DISEASE; EPIDEMIC; NIGER; EMERGENCE; OUTBREAK; STRAIN AB Background: The serogroup A conjugate meningococcal vaccine, MenAfriVac, was introduced in mass vaccination campaigns in December 2010 in Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger. In the coming years, vaccination will be extended to other African countries at risk of epidemics. To document the molecular characteristics of disease-causing meningococcal strains circulating in the meningitis belt of Africa before vaccine introduction, the World Health Organization Collaborating Centers on Meningococci in Europe and United States established a common strain collection of 773 isolates from cases of invasive meningococcal disease collected between 2004 and 2010 from 13 sub-Saharan countries. Methodology: All isolates were characterized by multilocus sequence typing, and 487 (62%) were also analyzed for genetic variation in the surface antigens PorA and FetA. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested for part of the collection. Principal Findings: Only 19 sequence types (STs) belonging to 6 clonal complexes were revealed. ST-5 clonal complex dominated with 578 (74.8%) isolates. All ST-5 complex isolates were remarkably homogeneous in their PorA (P1.20,9) and FetA (F3-1) and characterized the serogroup A strains which have been responsible for most epidemics during this time period. Sixty-eight (8.8%) of the 773 isolates belonged to the ST-11 clonal complex which was mainly represented by serogroup W135, while an additional 38 (4.9%) W135 isolates belonged to the ST-175 complex. Forty-eight (6.2%) serogroup X isolates from West Africa belonged to the ST-181 complex, while serogroup X cases in Kenya and Uganda were caused by an unrelated clone, ST-5403. Serogroup X, ST-181, emerged in Burkina Faso before vaccine introduction. Conclusions: In the seven years preceding introduction of a new serogroup A conjugate vaccine, serogroup A of the ST-5 clonal complex was identified as the predominant disease-causing strain. C1 [Caugant, Dominique A.; Kristiansen, Paul A.] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, WHO Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Meningococc, Oslo, Norway. [Caugant, Dominique A.] Univ Oslo, Fac Med, Oslo, Norway. [Wang, Xin; Mayer, Leonard W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO Collaborating Ctr Prevent & Control Epidem Me, Atlanta, GA USA. [Taha, Muhamed-Kheir] Inst Pasteur, WHO Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Meningococc, Paris, France. [Ouedraogo, Rasmata] Ctr Hosp Univ Pediat Charles de Gaulle, Lab Reference Meningite, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Kandolo, Denis] WHO Inter Country Support Team W Africa, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Bougoudogo, Flabou] INRSP, Bamako, Mali. [Sow, Samba] CVD, Bamako, Mali. [Bonte, Laurence] Med Sans Frontieres, Support Logist, Paris, France. RP Caugant, DA (reprint author), Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, WHO Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Meningococc, Oslo, Norway. EM dominique.caugant@fhi.no FU Norwegian Institute of Public Health; Institute Pasteur; Centres for Disease Control and Prevention FX The work was supported by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Institute Pasteur and Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 34 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 27 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 9 AR e46019 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0046019 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 016KQ UT WOS:000309517500056 PM 23029368 ER PT J AU Wertheim, HFL Ngoc, DM Wolbers, M Binh, TT Nguyen, TTH Loan, NQ Tu, PT Sjodin, A Romanoff, L Li, Z Mueller, JF Kennedy, K Farrar, J Stepniewska, K Horby, P Fox, A Bao, ND AF Wertheim, Heiman F. L. Dang Minh Ngoc Wolbers, Marcel Ta Thi Binh Nguyen Thi Thanh Hai Nguyen Qunh Loan Pham Thanh Tu Sjodin, Andreas Romanoff, Lovisa Li, Zheng Mueller, Jochen F. Kennedy, Karen Farrar, Jeremy Stepniewska, Kasia Horby, Peter Fox, Annette Nguyen Duy Bao TI Studying the effectiveness of activated carbon R95 respirators in reducing the inhalation of combustion by-products in Hanoi, Vietnam: a demonstration study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Urine; Pollution; Urban; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; PAH; 1-hydroxypyrene; Respirator ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; URINARY 1-HYDROXYPYRENE; AMBIENT AIR; DIESEL EXHAUST; EXPOSURE; METABOLITES; CHILDREN; WORKERS; HEALTH AB Background: Urban air pollution is an increasing health problem, particularly in Asia, where the combustion of fossil fuels has increased rapidly as a result of industrialization and socio-economic development. The adverse health impacts of urban air pollution are well established, but less is known about effective intervention strategies. In this demonstration study we set out to establish methods to assess whether wearing an R95 activated carbon respirator could reduce intake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in street workers in Hanoi, Vietnam. Methods: In this demonstration study we performed a cross-over study in which non-smoking participants that worked at least 4 hours per day on the street in Hanoi were randomly allocated to specific respirator wearing sequences for a duration of 2 weeks. Urines were collected after each period, i.e. twice per week, at the end of the working day to measure hydroxy PAHs (OH-PAH) using gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry. The primary endpoint was the urinary concentration of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP). Results: Forty-four participants (54.5% male, median age 40 years) were enrolled with the majority being motorbike taxi drivers (38.6%) or street vendors (34.1%). The baseline creatinine corrected urinary level for 1-OHP was much higher than other international comparisons: 1020 ng/g creatinine (IQR: 604-1551). Wearing a R95 mask had no significant effect on 1-OHP levels: estimated multiplicative effect 1.0 (95% CI: 0.92-1.09) or other OH-PAHs, except 1-hydroxynaphthalene (1-OHN): 0.86 (95% CI: 0.11-0.96). Conclusions: High levels of urine OH-PAHs were found in Hanoi street workers. No effect was seen on urine OH-PAH levels by wearing R95 particulate respirators in an area of high urban air pollution, except for 1-OHN. A lack of effect may be de to gaseous phase PAHs that were not filtered efficiently by the respirator. The high levels of urinary OH-PAHs found, urges for effective interventions. C1 [Wertheim, Heiman F. L.; Wolbers, Marcel; Farrar, Jeremy; Horby, Peter; Fox, Annette] Univ Oxford, Clin Res Unit, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Wertheim, Heiman F. L.; Wolbers, Marcel; Farrar, Jeremy; Horby, Peter; Fox, Annette] Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Wertheim, Heiman F. L.; Wolbers, Marcel; Farrar, Jeremy; Horby, Peter; Fox, Annette] Nuffield Dept Clin Sci, Oxford, England. [Dang Minh Ngoc; Ta Thi Binh; Nguyen Thi Thanh Hai; Nguyen Qunh Loan; Pham Thanh Tu; Nguyen Duy Bao] Natl Inst Occupat & Environm Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Sjodin, Andreas; Romanoff, Lovisa; Li, Zheng] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mueller, Jochen F.; Kennedy, Karen] Univ Queensland, Natl Res Ctr Toxicol entox, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Stepniewska, Kasia] Mahidol Univ, Mahidol Oxford Trop Med Res Unit, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. RP Wertheim, HFL (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Clin Res Unit, Hanoi, Vietnam. EM heiman.wertheim@gmail.com RI Horby, Peter/D-1585-2013; Mueller, Jochen/C-6241-2008; Wertheim, Heiman/F-3338-2016; OI Wertheim, Heiman/0000-0002-5003-5565; Horby, Peter/0000-0002-9822-1586; Farrar, Jeremy/0000-0002-2700-623X FU Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA FX We would like to thank the volunteers in Hanoi who agreed to participate in this study. This study was made possible with grants from the Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 25 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD SEP 26 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 72 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-11-72 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 068AT UT WOS:000313337600001 PM 23013369 ER PT J AU Yang, WY Zhao, WH Xiao, JZ Li, R Zhang, P Kissimova-Skarbek, K Schneider, E Jia, WP Ji, LN Guo, XH Shan, ZY Liu, J Tian, HM Chen, L Zhou, ZG Ji, QH Ge, JP Chen, G Brown, J AF Yang, Wenying Zhao, Wenhui Xiao, Jianzhong Li, Rui Zhang, Ping Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna Schneider, Erin Jia, Weiping Ji, Linong Guo, Xiaohui Shan, Zhongyan Liu, Jie Tian, Haoming Chen, Li Zhou, Zhiguang Ji, Qiuhe Ge, Jiapu Chen, Gang Brown, Jonathan TI Medical Care and Payment for Diabetes in China: Enormous Threat and Great Opportunity SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; FOLLOW-UP; PREVENTION; MELLITUS; BURDEN; INDIVIDUALS; PREVALENCE AB Background: The Diabetes Impact Study followed up a large national population-based screening study to estimate the use of and expenditures for medical care caused by diabetes in China and to ascertain the use and cost of essential basic medicines and care. Methods: In 2009-10, the study team interviewed 1482 adults with diabetes and 1553 adults with glucose tolerance in the normal range from population-based random samples at 12 sites in China. The response rate was 67%. Findings: After adjusting for age, sex, and urban/rural location, people with diabetes received 1.93 times more days of inpatient treatment, 2.40 times more outpatient visits, and 3.35 times more medications than people with normal glucose tolerance (all p<0.05). Adjusted expenditures for medical care were 3.38 times higher among people with diabetes than among people with normal glucose tolerance (p<0.01, unadjusted 3.97). Persons who were diagnosed with >= 10 years prior to the survey paid 3.75 times as much for medical care as those with <= 5 years of diagnosed diabetes. Among persons with diabetes, 45.2% took medication to control blood sugar, 21.1% took an antihypertensive medicine, 22.4% took daily aspirin, and 1.8% took a statin. Over the three months before the interview, 46.1% of persons with diabetes recalled seeing a doctor, 48.9% recalled a blood pressure measurement, and 54.5% recalled a blood sugar test. Over the year preceding the interview, 32.1% recalled a retinal screening and 17.9% recalled a foot examination. Conclusions: In China, health care use and costs were dramatically higher for people with diabetes than for people with normal glucose tolerance and, in relative terms, much higher than in industrialized countries. Low-cost generic medicines that would reduce diabetes expenditures were not fully used. C1 [Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna; Schneider, Erin; Brown, Jonathan] Int Diabet Federat, Brussels, Belgium. [Yang, Wenying; Zhao, Wenhui; Xiao, Jianzhong] Chinese Japanese Friendship Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Wenhui] Peking Union Med Coll, Grad Sch, Beijing 100021, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Wenhui] Chinese Acad Med Sci, Beijing 100730, Peoples R China. [Li, Rui; Zhang, Ping] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna] Jagiellonian Univ, Coll Med, Inst Publ Hlth, Krakow, Poland. [Schneider, Erin] Natl Bur Asian Res, Seattle, WA USA. [Jia, Weiping] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Affiliated Peoples Hosp 6, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Ji, Linong] Peking Univ, Peoples Hosp, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Guo, Xiaohui] Peking Univ, Hosp 1, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Shan, Zhongyan] Chinese Med Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Shenyang, Liaoling, Peoples R China. [Liu, Jie] Shanxi Prov Peoples Hosp, Taiyuan, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Tian, Haoming] Sichuan Univ, W China Hosp, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Chen, Li] Shandong Univ, Qilu Hosp, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Zhiguang] Xiangya Second Hosp, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Ji, Qiuhe] Fourth Mil Med Univ, Xijing Hosp, Xian 710032, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Ge, Jiapu] Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Reg Hosp, Urumqi, Xinjiang, Peoples R China. [Chen, Gang] Fujian Prov Hosp, Fuzhou, Fujiang, Peoples R China. RP Brown, J (reprint author), Int Diabet Federat, Brussels, Belgium. EM jonabrown@gmail.com FU Economic Study Fund of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF); Chinese Diabetes Society; Merck and Co.; Novo Nordisk; Eli Lilly and Co.; Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America; GSK, Inc.; GSK; Eli Lilly; Merck; Roche and Co. FX This study was funded by allocations from the Economic Study Fund of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), a not-for-profit NGO headquartered in Brussels, Belgium, and from the Chinese Diabetes Society. The IDF's Economic Studies Fund was created from contributions that IDF solicited from Merck and Co., Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly and Co., Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America, and GSK, Inc. These funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, preparation of the manuscript, or selection of countries in which economic impact studies were conducted. Additional resources, in the form of volunteer time, logistical support, and expertise were provided by the 12 study sites in China, by the Chinese Diabetes Society, by the Chinese-Japanese Friendship Hospital, by the Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, by the International Diabetes Federation, and by the authors.; Before retirement in 11/09 J. Brown led or could have led studies funded by research contracts with Novo Nordisk, GSK, Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America, Eli Lilly, and Merck. J. Brown had no consulting or other paid or unpaid arrangements with these or other actual or potential commercial funders. Starting in 2002 J. Brown led the creation of the IDF Economic Studies Fund with funds from Novo Nordisk, GSK, Takeda, Eli Lilly, and Merck. As per the rules of the Fund established before solicitation, the funders did not participate in decisions regarding countries to be studied or in doing, analyzing or writing up any study. Since election in Oct 2009 as unpaid IDF VP, J. Brown has accepted no grants or contracts or gifts or employment from any drug or device firms and has not accepted any positions on their editorial or advisory groups. In 2010, J. Brown accepted travel reimbursement from Novo Nordisk to speak at the 6th International Symposium on Diabetes and Pregnancy. In 2009, at the request of IDF, J. Brown accepted reimbursement from IDF to speak at a satellite meeting of ADA sponsored by Roche and Co. Drs. Ping Zhang and Rui Li worked on this project on their own time while in the employ of the United States Center for Disease Control. Drs. Zhang and Li declare that no potential competing interests exist. During most of this study Dr. Skarbek was an employee of the IDF. IDF is supported financially by many commercial entities. She declares that no competing interests exist. All other authors have no potentially competing interests. The authors declare that none of the competing interests described above will alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS One policies on sharing data and materials. NR 41 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 26 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 9 AR e39513 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0039513 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 016KP UT WOS:000309517300002 PM 23049727 ER PT J AU DeBolt, C Tasslimi, A Bardi, J Leader, BT Hiatt, B Quin, X Patel, M Martin, S Tondella, ML Cassiday, P Faulkner, A Messonnier, NE Clark, TA Meyer, S AF DeBolt, Chas Tasslimi, Azadeh Bardi, Janna Leader, Brandon Troy Hiatt, Brian Quin, Xuan Patel, Manisha Martin, Stacey Tondella, Maria Lucia Cassiday, Pam Faulkner, Amanda Messonnier, Nancy E. Clark, Thomas A. Meyer, Sarah TI Pertussis Epidemic-Washington, 2012 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 517-522, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID UNITED-STATES; VACCINATION C1 [Meyer, Sarah] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [DeBolt, Chas; Tasslimi, Azadeh; Bardi, Janna; Leader, Brandon Troy; Hiatt, Brian] Washington State Dept Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Quin, Xuan] Seattle Childrens Hosp, Microbiol Lab, Seattle, WA USA. RP Meyer, S (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM smeyer@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 26 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 12 BP 1199 EP 1201 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 010OK UT WOS:000309103600008 ER PT J AU Naumann, RB Shults, RA AF Naumann, Rebecca B. Shults, Ruth A. TI Helmet Use Among Motorcyclists Who Died in Crashes and Economic Cost Savings Associated With State Motorcycle Helmet Laws-United States, 2008-2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 425-430, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Naumann, Rebecca B.; Shults, Ruth A.] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Naumann, RB (reprint author), CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rnaumann@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 26 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 12 BP 1201 EP 1203 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 010OK UT WOS:000309103600009 ER PT J AU Thiam, S Thwing, J Diallo, I Fall, FB Diouf, MB Perry, R Ndiop, M Diouf, ML Cisse, MM Diaw, MM Thior, M AF Thiam, Sylla Thwing, Julie Diallo, Ibrahima Fall, Fatou B. Diouf, Mame B. Perry, Robert Ndiop, Medoune Diouf, Mamadou L. Cisse, Moustapha M. Diaw, Mamadou M. Thior, Moussa TI Scale-up of home-based management of malaria based on rapid diagnostic tests and artemisinin-based combination therapy in a resource-poor country: results in Senegal SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Malaria; Treatment; Diagnosis; Community; Home-based management ID INTERMITTENT PREVENTIVE TREATMENT; COMMUNITY-HEALTH WORKERS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; RURAL AREA; CHILDREN; ACCEPTABILITY; FEASIBILITY; IMPACT; ZAMBIA AB Background: Effective case management of malaria requires prompt diagnosis and treatment within 24 hours. Home-based management of malaria (HMM) improves access to treatment for populations with limited access to health facilities. In Senegal, an HMM pilot study in 2008 demonstrated the feasibility of integrated use of RDTs and ACT in remote villages by volunteer Home Care Providers (HCP). Scale-up of the strategy began in 2009, reaching 408 villages in 2009 and 861 villages in 2010. This paper reports the results of the scale-up in the targeted communities and the impact of the strategy on malaria in the formal health sector. Methods: Data reported by the HCPs were used to assess their performance in 2009 and 2010, while routine malaria morbidity and mortality data were used to assess the impact of the HMM programme. Two high transmission regions where HMM was not implemented until 2010 were used as a comparison. Results and discussion: From July 2009 through May 2010, 12582 suspected cases were managed by HCPs, 93% (11672) of whom were tested with an RDT. Among those tested, 37% (4270) had a positive RDT, 97% (4126) of whom were reported treated and cured. Home care providers referred 6871 patients to health posts for management: 6486 with a negative RDT, 119 infants < 2 months, 105 pregnant women, and 161 severe cases. There were no deaths among these patients. In 2009 compared to 2008, incidence of suspected and confirmed malaria cases, all hospitalizations and malaria-related hospitalizations decreased in both intervention and comparison regions. Incidence of in-hospital deaths due to malaria decreased by 62.5% (95% CI 43.8-81.2) in the intervention regions, while the decrease in comparison regions was smaller and not statistically significant. Conclusion: Home-based management of malaria including diagnosis with RDT and treatment based on test results is a promising strategy to improve the access of remote populations to prompt and effective management of uncomplicated malaria and to decrease mortality due to malaria. When scaled-up to serve remote village communities in the regions of Senegal with the highest malaria prevalence, home care providers demonstrated excellent adherence to guidelines, potentially contributing to a decrease in hospital deaths attributed to malaria. C1 [Thwing, Julie; Perry, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Thiam, Sylla] African Med & Res Fdn, Nairobi, Kenya. [Diallo, Ibrahima; Fall, Fatou B.; Diouf, Mame B.; Ndiop, Medoune; Diouf, Mamadou L.; Cisse, Moustapha M.; Thior, Moussa] Programme Natl Lutte Paludisme, Dakar, Senegal. [Diaw, Mamadou M.] Ctr Orientat Scolaire & Profess Diourbel, Diourbel, Senegal. RP Thwing, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jthwing@cdc.gov FU Global Fund for AIDS, TB and Malaria; President's Malaria Initiative (PMI); Senegal PMI country team FX We would like to thank all the stakeholders who were involved in this study particularly the NMCP staff, the region health teams, the districts health team, the health workers, the home based care providers, the local authorities and the communities. We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Global Fund for AIDS, TB and Malaria and the President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) and support from the Senegal PMI country team. NR 28 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD SEP 25 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 334 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-11-334 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 043WN UT WOS:000311581500001 PM 23009244 ER PT J AU Molins, CR Delorey, MJ Young, JW Yockey, BM Belisle, JT Schriefer, ME Petersen, JM AF Molins, Claudia R. Delorey, Mark J. Young, John W. Yockey, Brook M. Belisle, John T. Schriefer, Martin E. Petersen, Jeannine M. TI Use of Temperature for Standardizing the Progression of Francisella tularensis in Mice SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BODY-TEMPERATURE; UNITED-STATES; MURINE MODEL; TULAREMIA; INFECTION; VIRULENCE; SHOCK AB The study of infectious agents, their pathogenesis, the host response and the evaluation of newly developed countermeasures often requires the use of a living system. Murine models are frequently used to undertake such investigations with the caveat that non-biased measurements to assess the progression of infection are underutilized. Instead, murine models predominantly rely on symptomology exhibited by the animal to evaluate the state of the animal's health and to determine when euthanasia should be performed. In this study, we used subcutaneous temperature as a non-subjective measurement to follow and compare infection in mice inoculated with Francisella tularensis, a Gram-negative pathogen that produces an acute and fatal illness in mice. A reproducible temperature pattern defined by three temperature phases (normal, febrile and hypothermic) was identified in all mice infected with F. tularensis, regardless of the infecting strain. More importantly and for the first time a non-subjective, ethical, and easily determined surrogate endpoint for death based on a temperature, termed drop point, was identified and validated with statistical models. In comparative survival curve analyses for F. tularensis strains with differing virulence, the drop point temperature yielded the same results as those obtained using observed time to death. Incorporation of temperature measurements to evaluate F. tularensis was standardized based on statistical models to provide a new level of robustness for comparative analyses in mice. These findings should be generally applicable to other pathogens that produce acute febrile disease in animal models and offers an important tool for understanding and following the infection process. C1 [Molins, Claudia R.; Delorey, Mark J.; Young, John W.; Yockey, Brook M.; Schriefer, Martin E.; Petersen, Jeannine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Belisle, John T.] Colorado State Univ, Microbiol Immunol & Pathol Dept, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Molins, CR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM CMolins@cdc.gov RI Belisle, John/B-8944-2017 OI Belisle, John/0000-0002-2539-2798 FU American Society for Microbiology; Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [U54AIO65357-01] FX Claudia Molins was funded by the American Society for Microbiology and the Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases as a postdoctoral fellow while the work was being performed. Funding was provided by National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases grant number U54AIO65357-01. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 24 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 9 AR e45310 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0045310 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 016YB UT WOS:000309554700032 PM 23028924 ER PT J AU Angell, SY Danel, I DeCock, KM AF Angell, S. Y. Danel, I. DeCock, K. M. TI Global Indicators and Targets for Noncommunicable Diseases SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Angell, S. Y.; Danel, I.; DeCock, K. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Angell, SY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sangell@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD SEP 21 PY 2012 VL 337 IS 6101 BP 1456 EP 1457 DI 10.1126/science.1228293 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 007UC UT WOS:000308912900024 PM 22997310 ER PT J AU Stefanoff, P Rosinska, M Samuels, S White, DJ Morse, DL Randolph, SE AF Stefanoff, Pawel Rosinska, Magdalena Samuels, Steven White, Dennis J. Morse, Dale L. Randolph, Sarah E. TI A National Case-Control Study Identifies Human Socio-Economic Status and Activities as Risk Factors for Tick-Borne Encephalitis in Poland SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID EASTERN-EUROPE; VIRUS; VACCINATION; SWITZERLAND; RESPONSES; SURVIVAL; SLOVENIA; BALTICS; UPSURGE; HEALTH AB Background: Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is endemic to Europe and medically highly significant. This study, focused on Poland, investigated individual risk factors for TBE symptomatic infection. Methods and Findings: In a nation-wide population-based case-control study, of the 351 TBE cases reported to local health departments in Poland in 2009, 178 were included in the analysis. For controls, of 2704 subjects (matched to cases by age, sex, district of residence) selected at random from the national population register, two were interviewed for each case and a total of 327 were suitable for the analysis. Questionnaires yielded information on potential exposure to ticks during the six weeks (maximum incubation period) preceding disease onset in each case. Independent associations between disease and socio-economic factors and occupational or recreational exposure were assessed by conditional logistic regression, stratified according to residence in known endemic and non-endemic areas. Adjusted population attributable fractions (PAF) were computed for significant variables. In endemic areas, highest TBE risk was associated with spending >= 10 hours/week in mixed forests and harvesting forest foods (adjusted odds ratio 19.19 [95% CI: 1.72-214.32]; PAF 0.127 [0.064-0.193]), being unemployed (11.51 [2.84-46.59]; 0.109 [0.046-0.174]), or employed as a forester (8.96 [1.58-50.77]; 0.053 [0.011-0.100]) or non-specialized worker (5.39 [2.21-13.16]; 0.202 [0.090-0.282]). Other activities (swimming, camping and travel to non-endemic regions) reduced risk. Outside TBE endemic areas, risk was greater for those who spent >= 10 hours/week on recreation in mixed forests (7.18 [1.90-27.08]; 0.191 [0.065-0.304]) and visited known TBE endemic areas (4.65 [0.59-36.50]; 0.058 [20.007-0.144]), while travel to other non-endemic areas reduced risk. Conclusions: These socio-economic factors and associated human activities identified as risk factors for symptomatic TBE in Poland are consistent with results from previous correlational studies across eastern Europe, and allow public health interventions to be targeted at particularly vulnerable sections of the population. C1 [Randolph, Sarah E.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. [Stefanoff, Pawel; Rosinska, Magdalena] Natl Inst Hyg, Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, PL-00791 Warsaw, Poland. [Samuels, Steven; White, Dennis J.] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Rensselaer, NY USA. [White, Dennis J.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Morse, Dale L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Randolph, SE (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. EM sarah.randolph@zoo.ox.ac.uk RI Stefanoff, Pawel/E-5506-2013 OI Stefanoff, Pawel/0000-0003-0087-0906 FU National Institutes of Health/Fogarty International Center [5R01-TW007248]; Baxter; GlaxoSmithKline; Novartis FX The study was supported by National Institutes of Health/Fogarty International Center grant 5R01-TW007248. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; PS has received travel grants from Baxter and unrestricted research grants from GlaxoSmithKline, Baxter and Novartis. SER is a member of the International Scientific Working Group on TBE, funded by Baxter. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and material. The other authors have declared no competing interests. NR 50 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 19 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 9 AR e45511 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0045511 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 014PP UT WOS:000309388400095 PM 23029063 ER PT J AU Mo, KF Li, XR Li, HQ Low, LY Quinn, CP Boons, GJ AF Mo, Kai-For Li, Xiuru Li, Huiqing Low, Lieh Yoon Quinn, Conrad P. Boons, Geert-Jan TI Endolysins of Bacillus anthracis Bacteriophages Recognize Unique Carbohydrate Epitopes of Vegetative Cell Wall Polysaccharides with High Affinity and Selectivity SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PROTECTING GROUPS; CATALYTIC DOMAIN; FACILE SYNTHESIS; STRUCTURAL BASIS; FUCOSE-BINDING; CEREUS STRAINS; REPEATING UNIT; O-GLYCOSYL AB Bacteriophages express endolysins which are the enzymes that hydrolyze peptidoglycan resulting in cell lysis and release of bacteriophages. Endolysins have acquired stringent substrate specificities, which have been attributed to cell wall binding domains (CBD). Although it has been realized that CBDs of bacteriophages that infect Gram-positive bacteria target cell wall carbohydrate structures, molecular mechanisms that confer selectivity are not understood. A range of oligosaccharides, derived from the secondary cell wall polysaccharides of Bacillus anthracis, has been chemically synthesized. The compounds contain an alpha-D-GlcNAc-(1 -> 4)-beta-D-ManNAc-(1 -> 4)-beta-D-GlcNAc backbone that is modified by various patterns of alpha-D-Gal and beta-D-Gal branching points. The library of compounds could readily be prepared by employing a core trisaccharide modified by the orthogonal protecting groups N-alpha-9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonate (Fmoc), 2-methylnaphthyl ether (Nap), levulinoyl ester (Lev) and dimethylthexylsilyl ether (TDS) at key branching points. Dissociation constants for the binding the cell wall binding domains of the endolysins PlyL and PlyG were determined by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). It was found that the pattern of galactosylation greatly influenced binding affinities, and in particular a compound having a galactosyl moiety at C-4 of the nonreducing GlcNAc moiety bound in the low micromolar range. It is known that secondary cell wall polysaccharides of various bacilli may have both common and variable structural features and in particular differences in the pattern of galactosylation have been noted. Therefore, it is proposed that specificity of endolysins for specific bacilli is achieved by selective binding to a uniquely galactosylated core structure. C1 [Mo, Kai-For; Li, Xiuru; Li, Huiqing; Boons, Geert-Jan] Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Low, Lieh Yoon] Shire Human Genet Therapies Inc, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. [Quinn, Conrad P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Microbial Pathogenesis & Immune Response Lab, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, NCIRD,DBD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Boons, GJ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, 315 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM gjboons@ccrc.uga.edu RI Boons, Geert-Jan/J-3211-2016 OI Boons, Geert-Jan/0000-0003-3111-5954 FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health [R01GM065248] FX Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (R01GM065248, G.-J.B.). NR 48 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 19 PY 2012 VL 134 IS 37 BP 15556 EP 15562 DI 10.1021/ja3069962 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 006PF UT WOS:000308830600066 PM 22935003 ER PT J AU Kegler, SR Beck, LF Sauber-Schatz, EK AF Kegler, Scott R. Beck, Laurie F. Sauber-Schatz, Erin K. TI Motor Vehicle Crash Deaths in Metropolitan Areas-United States, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR vol 28, pg 523, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Beck, Laurie F.; Sauber-Schatz, Erin K.] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kegler, Scott R.] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Off Stat & Programming, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Beck, LF (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lbeck@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 19 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 11 BP 1082 EP 1084 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 007AL UT WOS:000308861000008 ER PT J AU Anderson, S Rigler, J Oberoi, V Christ, C Eggers, P Lempp, J Schaefer, M Guh, A O'Connell, H Albrecht, V Perz, J AF Anderson, Shoana Rigler, Jessica Oberoi, Vinita Christ, Cara Eggers, Paula Lempp, Jason Schaefer, Melissa Guh, Alice O'Connell, Heather Albrecht, Valerie Perz, Joseph TI Invasive Staphylococcus aureus Infections Associated With Pain Injections and Reuse of Single-Dose Vials-Arizona and Delaware, 2012 (Reprinted from MMWR vol 27, pg 501, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Lempp, Jason; Schaefer, Melissa; Guh, Alice; O'Connell, Heather; Albrecht, Valerie; Perz, Joseph] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schaefer, M (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ggj3@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 19 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 11 BP 1084 EP 1086 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 007AL UT WOS:000308861000009 ER PT J AU King, R Wamai, N Khana, K Johansson, E Lindkvist, P Bunnell, R AF King, Rachel Wamai, Nafuna Khana, Kenneth Johansson, Eva Lindkvist, Pille Bunnell, Rebecca TI "Maybe his blood is still strong": a qualitative study among HIV-sero-discordant couples on ART in rural Uganda SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE HIV; Prevention; Uganda; Discordant couples; Positive prevention; HIV-infected persons; Prevention with positives; Africa ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; SERODISCORDANT COUPLES; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HETEROSEXUAL COUPLES; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; SOUTH-AFRICA; PREVENTION; TRANSMISSION; PREGNANCY; TRIAL AB Background: HIV-negative members of sero-discordant couples are at high risk for HIV acquisition but few behavioral prevention interventions have been implemented in sub-Saharan Africa and discordance is not well understood by couples themselves. Methods: In this nested sub-study, we interviewed 40 HIV sero-discordant couples before and after a 6-month behavioral intervention that was comprised of four group discussions on specific HIV prevention and care topics. The content of the sessions included: 1) understanding HIV serodiscordance and reducing risk, 2) couple communication, 3) reproductive health and HIV serodiscordance, 4) coping with HIV serodiscordance and ongoing support. Couple members were interviewed individually. Data were analyzed thematically using 'Framework Analysis' which incorporated dyadic factors to address couple issues. Results: Analysis revealed pre-identified concepts and emergent themes that were relevant to the final conceptual model. Four major categories of factors affecting couple relations, beliefs and current risk behaviors emerged: intervention factors, structural/contextual factors, physical health factors, and past risk behavior. The topics within the intervention most relevant were communication and reproductive health. The contextual factors highlighted by couples were gender norms around sexual decision-making and multiple partnerships. Individual beliefs regarding HIV serodiscordance persisted over all time points for some couples. Interestingly, some couple members had divergent views about their HIV status; some believing the HIV-negative member was negative while others described multiple beliefs around the negative member's blood surely being positive for HIV. Couple communication emerged as an important theme mediating beliefs and behavior. Conclusions: In addition to biomedical and behavioral interventions, HIV-serodiscordant couple interventions must embrace the contextual complexity and cultural understanding of HIV infection and discordance as well as the dynamic nature of couple communication to influence risk behavior. C1 [King, Rachel] Makerere Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Univ Calif San Francisco, Kampala, Uganda. [King, Rachel; Johansson, Eva] IHCAR, Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden. [Wamai, Nafuna; Khana, Kenneth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kampala, Uganda. [Johansson, Eva] Nord Sch Publ Hlth, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Lindkvist, Pille] CeFAM, Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden. [Bunnell, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP King, R (reprint author), Makerere Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Univ Calif San Francisco, Kampala, Uganda. EM RLKing@psg.ucsf.edu OI Lindkvist, Pille/0000-0002-6773-5525 FU U.S. Department of Health and Human Services through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The authors are grateful to clients and staff of HBAC, Tororo, and CDC Uganda and to Sylvia Nakayiwa and David Katuntu for astute contribution to analysis as well as to Jaco Homsy for insightful comments on the manuscript. Funding was provided by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD SEP 18 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 801 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-12-801 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 126YX UT WOS:000317660500001 PM 22984868 ER PT J AU Krieg, EF Mathias, PI Toennis, CA Clark, JC Marlow, KL B'Hymer, C Singh, NP Gibson, RL Butler, MA AF Krieg, Edward F., Jr. Mathias, Patricia I. Toennis, Christine A. Clark, John C. Marlow, Kate L. B'Hymer, Clayton Singh, Narendra P. Gibson, Roger L. Butler, Mary Ann TI Detection of DNA damage in workers exposed to JP-8 jet fuel SO MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE DNA damage; Comet assay; Jet fuel; JP-8; Benzene; Naphthalene; MEAA ID SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGE; COMET ASSAY; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; DERMAL EXPOSURE; (2-METHOXYETHOXY)ACETIC ACID; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS; AIRPORT PERSONNEL AB The genotoxicity of jet propulsion fuel 8 (JP-8) was assessed in the leukocytes of archived blood specimens from U.S. Air Force personnel using the comet assay. No differences in mean comet assay measurements were found between low, moderate, and high exposure groups before or after a 4 h work shift. Before the work shift, mean tail DNA and mean tail (Olive) moment increased as the concentration of benzene measured in end-exhaled breath increased, indicating that prior environmental or work-related exposures to benzene produced DNA damage. The number of cells with highly damaged DNA decreased as the pre-shift benzene concentration in breath increased. Iris not clear why the decrease is occurring. Mean tail DNA and mean tail (Olive) moment decreased as the concentrations of benzene and naphthalene measured in breath immediately after the work shift increased. These inverse relationships may reflect a slower rate of absorption or a faster rate of expiration of benzene in the lung. The number of cells with highly damaged DNA increased as the concentration of urinary (2-methoxyethoxy)acetic acid (MEAA) increased. This relationship was not seen in urinary MEAA adjusted for creatinine. MEAA is a metabolite of the deicing agent 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol contained in JP-8. MEAA or a component of JP-8 correlated with MEAA may have a toxic effect on DNA. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Krieg, Edward F., Jr.; Mathias, Patricia I.; Toennis, Christine A.; Clark, John C.; Marlow, Kate L.; B'Hymer, Clayton; Butler, Mary Ann] NIOSH, Robert A Taft Labs, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Singh, Narendra P.] Univ Washington, Dept Bioengn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Gibson, Roger L.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Prevent Med & Biometr Dept, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Krieg, EF (reprint author), NIOSH, Robert A Taft Labs, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM erk3@cdc.gov NR 75 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5718 J9 MUTAT RES-GEN TOX EN JI Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen. PD SEP 18 PY 2012 VL 747 IS 2 BP 218 EP 227 DI 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.05.005 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 983WE UT WOS:000307148600009 PM 22617435 ER PT J AU Doshi, SS Stauffer, KE Fiebelkorn, AP Lafond, KE Davidson, HA Apostolou, A Taylor, TH Smith, W Karcz, AN Watson, JR Openo, KP Brooks, JG Zheteyeva, Y Schrag, SJ Fry, AM AF Doshi, Saumil S. Stauffer, Kendra E. Fiebelkorn, Amy Parker Lafond, Kathryn E. Davidson, Heidi A. Apostolou, Andria Taylor, Thomas H., Jr. Smith, Wendy Karcz, Adam N. Watson, J. Renee Openo, Kyle P. Brooks, Joy G. Zheteyeva, Yenlik Schrag, Stephanie J. Fry, Alicia M. TI The Burden and Severity of Illness Due to 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in a Large US City During the Late Summer and Early Fall of 2009 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE influenza; human; morbidity; mortality; pandemics; United States ID A(H1N1) INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; VIRUS AB In estimates of illness severity from the spring wave of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic, reported case fatality proportions were less than 0.05. In prior pandemics, subsequent waves of illness were associated with higher mortality. The authors evaluated the burden of the pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) outbreak in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, in the fall of 2009, when increased influenza activity heralded the second wave of the pandemic in the United States. Using data from a community survey, existing surveillance systems, public health laboratories, and local hospitals, they estimated numbers of pH1N1-associated illnesses, emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and deaths occurring in metropolitan Atlanta during the period August 16, 2009September 26, 2009. The authors estimated 132,140 pediatric and 132,110 adult symptomatic cases of pH1N1 in metropolitan Atlanta during the investigation time frame. Among children, these cases were associated with 4,560 ED visits, 190 hospitalizations, 51 ICU admissions, and 4 deaths. Among adults, they were associated with 1,130 ED visits, 590 hospitalizations, 140 ICU admissions, and 63 deaths. The combined symptomatic case hospitalization proportion, case ICU admission proportion, and case fatality proportion were 0.281, 0.069, and 0.024, respectively. Influenza burden can be estimated using existing data and local surveys. The increased severity reported for subsequent waves in past pandemics was not evident in this investigation. Nevertheless, the second pH1N1 pandemic wave led to substantial numbers of ED visits, hospitalizations, and deaths in metropolitan Atlanta. C1 [Doshi, Saumil S.; Stauffer, Kendra E.; Apostolou, Andria; Zheteyeva, Yenlik] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fiebelkorn, Amy Parker] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lafond, Kathryn E.; Fry, Alicia M.] CDC, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Davidson, Heidi A.] DeKalb Cty Board Hlth, Decatur, GA USA. [Taylor, Thomas H., Jr.; Schrag, Stephanie J.] CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Smith, Wendy] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Karcz, Adam N.; Watson, J. Renee] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. [Openo, Kyle P.] Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Brooks, Joy G.] WellStar Kennestone Hosp, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Doshi, SS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sdoshi1@cdc.gov FU CDC FX This work was supported by the CDC. No outside funding was used. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD SEP 15 PY 2012 VL 176 IS 6 BP 519 EP 526 DI 10.1093/aje/kws137 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 010CY UT WOS:000309073300010 PM 22952308 ER PT J AU Rosenberg, ES Delaney, KP Branson, BM Spaulding, AC Sullivan, PS Sanchez, TH AF Rosenberg, Eli S. Delaney, Kevin P. Branson, Bernard M. Spaulding, Anne C. Sullivan, Patrick S. Sanchez, Travis H. TI Re: "Derivation and Validation of the Denver Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Risk Score for Targeted HIV Screening" SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID CARE SETTINGS; MEDICAL-CARE C1 [Rosenberg, Eli S.; Delaney, Kevin P.; Spaulding, Anne C.; Sullivan, Patrick S.; Sanchez, Travis H.] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Delaney, Kevin P.; Branson, Bernard M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Rosenberg, ES (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM esrose2@emory.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD SEP 15 PY 2012 VL 176 IS 6 BP 567 EP 568 DI 10.1093/aje/kws305 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 010CY UT WOS:000309073300016 PM 22899828 ER PT J AU Blanton, JD Dyer, J McBrayer, J Rupprecht, CE AF Blanton, Jesse D. Dyer, Jessie McBrayer, Jesse Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Rabies surveillance in the United States during 2011 SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; NEW-YORK; VIRUS; RECOMMENDATIONS; ELIMINATION; PREVENTION; CALIFORNIA; RACCOONS; AMERICA AB During 2011, 49 states and Puerto Rico reported 6,031 rabid animals and 6 human rabies cases to the CDC, representing a 1.9% decrease from the 6,153 rabid animals and 2 human cases reported in 2010. Approximately 92% of reported rabid animals were wildlife. Relative contributions by the major animal groups were as follows: 1,981 raccoons (32.8'%), 1,627 skunks (27.0%), 1,380 bats (22.9%), 427 foxes (71%), 303 cats (5.0%), 65 cattle (1.1%), and 70 dogs (1.2%). Compared with 2010, there was a substantial increase in the number of rabid skunks reported. Six cases of rabies involving humans were reported from California, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and South Carolina. Three cases reported from Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York were determined to be a result of canine rabies virus variants acquired outside the United States. C1 [Blanton, Jesse D.; Dyer, Jessie; McBrayer, Jesse; Rupprecht, Charles E.] CDC, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div Highconsequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Blanton, JD (reprint author), CDC, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div Highconsequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM asi5@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 36 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 31 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 15 PY 2012 VL 241 IS 6 BP 712 EP 722 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 004JR UT WOS:000308678500007 PM 22947154 ER PT J AU Lown, BA Chen, LH Wilson, ME Sisson, E Gershman, M Yanni, E Jentes, ES Hochberg, NS Hamer, DH Barnett, ED AF Lown, Beth A. Chen, Lin H. Wilson, Mary E. Sisson, Emily Gershman, Mark Yanni, Emad Jentes, Emily S. Hochberg, Natasha S. Hamer, Davidson H. Barnett, Elizabeth D. TI Vaccine Administration Decision Making: The Case of Yellow Fever Vaccine SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID OMISSION BIAS; RISK; RECOMMENDATIONS; PSYCHOLOGY; GUIDELINES; EQUIPOISE; PREGNANCY AB Background. Providers must counsel travelers to yellow fever (YF)-endemic areas, although risk estimates of disease and vaccine serious adverse events (SAEs) may be imprecise. The impact of risk information and patients' requests for participation in vaccine decisions on providers' recommendations is unknown. Methods. Vaccine providers were surveyed regarding decisions for 4 patient scenarios before and after being presented information about risk of YF disease vs vaccine SAEs. Participants' theoretical attitudes were compared with actual responses to scenarios in which patients wanted to share vaccine decisions. Analyses were done by using chi(2) tests with significance level of .05. Results. Forty-six percent of respondents made appropriate initial YF vaccine administration decisions for a pregnant woman, 73% for an immunosuppressed man, and 49% for an 8-month-old infant. After receiving scenario-specific information, 20%, 54%, and 23% of respondents respectively who initially responded incorrectly changed to a more appropriate decision. Thirty-one percent of participants made consistently appropriate decisions. Among participants who made >= 1 incorrect decision, 35.7% made no decision changes after receiving information. In the scenario in which either a decision to withhold or to administer vaccine was acceptable, 19% of respondents refused a patient's request for vaccine. Conclusions. Targeted information is necessary but insufficient to change the process of vaccine administration decision making. Providers need additional education to enable them to apply evidence, overcome cognitive decision-making errors, and involve patients in vaccine decisions. C1 [Lown, Beth A.; Chen, Lin H.] Mt Auburn Hosp, Dept Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lown, Beth A.; Chen, Lin H.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Wilson, Mary E.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth & Populat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sisson, Emily] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Data Coordinating Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Hochberg, Natasha S.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Ctr Global Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Hochberg, Natasha S.; Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA USA. [Barnett, Elizabeth D.] Boston Med Ctr, Maxwell Finland Lab Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA. [Gershman, Mark; Yanni, Emad; Jentes, Emily S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Travelers Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lown, BA (reprint author), Mt Auburn Hosp, Dept Med, 300 Mt Auburn St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM blown@mah.harvard.edu OI Hochberg, Natasha/0000-0002-5449-9973; Barnett, Elizabeth/0000-0003-4822-5949; Hamer, Davidson/0000-0002-4700-1495 FU CDC [U19CI000508-01]; Xcellerex; Sanofi Pasteur; Intercell FX This work was supported by the CDC (cooperative agreement U19CI000508-01 to Boston Medical Center).; In addition to the support provided by the CDC cooperative agreement, the authors acknowledge the following sources of funding: L. H. C. received grant funding from Xcellerex and receives royalties from Wiley Blackwell and Thompson Media. E. S. J. and M. G. report reimbursement to the CDC from the World Health Organization for conference travel. M. E. W. received support for attending meetings of the Board of Scientific Counselors, CDC. M. G., E. S. J., and E. Y. are full-time employees of the CDC. E. D. B. has received research grant support from Sanofi Pasteur and Intercell, an honorarium from Novartis, reimbursement from British Medical Journal Point of Care, and royalties from Elsevier. All other authors report no potential conflicts. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 15 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 6 BP 837 EP 843 DI 10.1093/cid/cis520 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 995LF UT WOS:000308008900015 PM 22670048 ER PT J AU Jones, JL Dubey, JP AF Jones, Jeffrey L. Dubey, J. P. TI Foodborne Toxoplasmosis SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID GONDII TISSUE CYSTS; WHITE-TAILED DEER; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; OCULAR TOXOPLASMOSIS; HIGH PREVALENCE; CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; MILITARY RECRUITS; HUMAN CONSUMPTION AB Toxoplasmosis can be due to congenital infection or acquired infection after birth and is one of the leading illnesses associated with foodborne hospitalizations and deaths. Undercooked meat, especially pork, lamb, and wild game meat, and soil contaminated with cat feces on raw fruits and vegetables are the major sources of foodborne transmission for humans. The new trend in the production of free-range organically raised meat could increase the risk of Toxoplasma gondii contamination of meat. Foodborne transmission can be prevented by production practices that reduce T. gondii in meat, adequate cooking of meat, washing of raw fruits and vegetables, prevention of cross contamination in the kitchen, and measures that decrease spread of viable oocysts into the environment. C1 [Jones, Jeffrey L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Parasit Dis Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Agr Res Inst, Anim & Nat Resources Inst,USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Jones, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Parasit Dis Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Bld 24,1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop A-06, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jlj1@cdc.gov NR 70 TC 85 Z9 90 U1 1 U2 45 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 15 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 6 BP 845 EP 851 DI 10.1093/cid/cis508 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 995LF UT WOS:000308008900017 PM 22618566 ER PT J AU Schuchat, A Katz, JM AF Schuchat, Anne Katz, Jacqueline M. TI Protecting Adults From Influenza: Tis the Season to Learn From the Pandemic SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID IMMUNE-RESPONSE; VACCINE C1 [Schuchat, Anne; Katz, Jacqueline M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schuchat, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Mailstop A-27, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aschuchat@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 15 PY 2012 VL 206 IS 6 BP 803 EP 805 DI 10.1093/infdis/jis428 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 998JI UT WOS:000308233500001 PM 22782951 ER PT J AU Baumgartner, EA Dao, CN Nasreen, S Bhuiyan, MU Mah-E-Muneer, S Al Mamun, A Sharker, MAY Zaman, RU Cheng, PY Klimov, AI Widdowson, MA Uyeki, TM Luby, SP Mounts, A Bresee, J AF Baumgartner, Eduardo Azziz Dao, Christine N. Nasreen, Sharifa Bhuiyan, Mejbah Uddin Mah-E-Muneer, Syeda Al Mamun, Abdullah Sharker, M. A. Yushuf Zaman, Rashid Uz Cheng, Po-Yung Klimov, Alexander I. Widdowson, Marc-Alain Uyeki, Timothy M. Luby, Stephen P. Mounts, Anthony Bresee, Joseph TI Seasonality, Timing, and Climate Drivers of Influenza Activity Worldwide SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMICS; SURVEILLANCE AB Background. Although influenza is a vaccine-preventable disease that annually causes substantial disease burden, data on virus activity in tropical countries are limited. We analyzed publicly available influenza data to better understand the global circulation of influenza viruses. Methods. We reviewed open-source, laboratory-confirmed influenza surveillance data. For each country, we abstracted data on the percentage of samples testing positive for influenza each epidemiologic week from the annual number of samples testing positive for influenza. The start of influenza season was defined as the first week when the proportion of samples that tested positive remained above the annual mean. We assessed the relationship between percentage of samples testing positive and mean monthly temperature with use of regression models. Findings. We identified data on laboratory-confirmed influenza virus infection from 85 countries. More than one influenza epidemic period per year was more common in tropical countries (41%) than in temperate countries (15%). Year-round activity (ie, influenza virus identified each week having >= 10 specimens submitted) occurred in 3 (7%) of 43 temperate, 1 (17%) of 6 subtropical, and 11 (37%) of 30 tropical countries with available data (P = .006). Percentage positivity was associated with low temperature (P = .001). Interpretation. Annual influenza epidemics occur in consistent temporal patterns depending on climate. C1 [Baumgartner, Eduardo Azziz; Dao, Christine N.; Cheng, Po-Yung; Klimov, Alexander I.; Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Uyeki, Timothy M.; Luby, Stephen P.; Mounts, Anthony; Bresee, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Baumgartner, EA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, MS A32,1600 Clifton Rd,NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eha9@cdc.gov OI Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA [U01 CI000298] FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA (U01 CI000298). NR 34 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 15 PY 2012 VL 206 IS 6 BP 838 EP 846 DI 10.1093/infdis/jis467 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 998JI UT WOS:000308233500007 ER PT J AU Santiago, GA McElroy-Horne, K Lennon, NJ Santiago, LM Birren, BW Henn, MR Munoz-Jordan, JL AF Santiago, Gilberto A. McElroy-Horne, Kate Lennon, Niall J. Santiago, Luis M. Birren, Bruce W. Henn, Matthew R. Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L. TI Reemergence and Decline of Dengue Virus Serotype 3 in Puerto Rico SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POPULATION-DYNAMICS; EVOLUTION; SELECTION; EPIDEMIC; TYPE-2 AB Background. The dengue virus serotype 3 (DENV-3) Indian subcontinent strain emerged in Puerto Rico in 1998 after a 21-year absence. The rapid expansion of DENV-3 on the island correlated with the withdrawal of the other serotypes for 7 years. The DENV-3 prevalence declined in 2008 and remains undetected. Methods. We sequenced complete genomes of 92 DENV-3 clinical isolates to characterize the molecular evolution and phylogeography throughout 10 years of continued sampling (1998-2007). Results. We documented 8 distinct lineages that emerged simultaneously and evolved independently. Two of the 8 lineages were highly associated with transient introductions of foreign viruses, and 2 of the 3 endemic lineages covered the entire study period. We found evidence of temporal-geographical clustering only within the 3 endemic lineages. The phylogeography analysis combined with serotype-specific incidence data showed that transmission of a DENV serotype in a given location and time is usually correlated with the absence of the other serotype. Conclusions. Our study shows the cotransmission of DENV-3 lineages through a complex dissemination pattern dissimilar to the evolutionary dynamics of the other serotypes in the island. High virus genetic diversity and a large naive population were underlying factors in the expansion and collapse of DENV-3 in Puerto Rico. C1 [Santiago, Gilberto A.; McElroy-Horne, Kate; Santiago, Luis M.; Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. [Lennon, Niall J.; Birren, Bruce W.; Henn, Matthew R.] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Munoz-Jordan, JL (reprint author), CDC, Dengue Branch, 1324 Canada St, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. EM jmunoz@cdc.gov FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN272200900006C, HHSN272200900018C] FX This project was funded in part with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services (under contract HHSN272200900006C [to B. W. B.] and HHSN272200900018C [to B. W. B.]). NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 15 PY 2012 VL 206 IS 6 BP 893 EP 901 DI 10.1093/infdis/jis426 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 998JI UT WOS:000308233500014 PM 22740715 ER PT J AU Chesson, HW Ekwueme, DU Saraiya, M Watson, M Lowy, DR Markowitz, LE AF Chesson, Harrell W. Ekwueme, Donatus U. Saraiya, Mona Watson, Meg Lowy, Douglas R. Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Estimates of the annual direct medical costs of the prevention and treatment of disease associated with human papillomavirus in the United States SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Human papillomavirus; Cost; Intraepithelial neoplasia; Vulvar, vaginal, anal, oral cavity, oropharyngeal, and cervical cancer; Genital warts; Health economics ID RECURRENT RESPIRATORY PAPILLOMATOSIS; CANCER SCREENING RATES; US HEALTH PLAN; HPV VACCINE; BURDEN; POPULATION; BENEFITS; IMPACT AB Estimates of the direct medical costs attributable to human papillomavirus (HPV) can help to quantify the economic burden of HPV and to illustrate the potential benefits of HPV vaccination. The purpose of this report was to update the estimated annual direct medical costs of the prevention and treatment of HPV-associated disease in the United States, for all HPV types. We included the costs of cervical cancer screening and follow-up and the treatment costs of the following HPV-associated health outcomes: cervical cancer, other anogenital cancers (anal, vaginal, vulvar and penile), oropharyngeal cancer, genital warts, and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). We obtained updated incidence and cost estimates from the literature. The overall annual direct medical cost burden of preventing and treating HPV-associated disease was estimated to be $8.0 billion (2010 U.S. dollars). Of this total cost, about $6.6 billion (82.3%) was for routine cervical cancer screening and follow-up, $1.0 billion (12.0%) was for cancer (including $0.4 billion for cervical cancer and $0.3 billion for oropharyngeal cancer), $0.3 billion (3.6%) was for genital warts, and $0.2 billion (2.1%) was for RRP. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chesson, Harrell W.; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Saraiya, Mona; Watson, Meg] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lowy, Douglas R.] NCI, Cellular Oncol Lab, Ctr Canc Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Chesson, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Mail Stop E-80,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM HChesson@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD SEP 14 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 42 BP 6016 EP 6019 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.07.056 PG 4 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 009KS UT WOS:000309025300003 PM 22867718 ER PT J AU Moore, SM Monaghan, A Griffith, KS Apangu, T Mead, PS Eisen, RJ AF Moore, Sean M. Monaghan, Andrew Griffith, Kevin S. Apangu, Titus Mead, Paul S. Eisen, Rebecca J. TI Improvement of Disease Prediction and Modeling through the Use of Meteorological Ensembles: Human Plague in Uganda SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID WEST NILE REGION; VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES; GLOBAL PRECIPITATION; USAMBARA MOUNTAINS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; NEW-MEXICO; RAINFALL; PATTERNS; THRESHOLDS AB Climate and weather influence the occurrence, distribution, and incidence of infectious diseases, particularly those caused by vector-borne or zoonotic pathogens. Thus, models based on meteorological data have helped predict when and where human cases are most likely to occur. Such knowledge aids in targeting limited prevention and control resources and may ultimately reduce the burden of diseases. Paradoxically, localities where such models could yield the greatest benefits, such as tropical regions where morbidity and mortality caused by vector-borne diseases is greatest, often lack high-quality in situ local meteorological data. Satellite- and model-based gridded climate datasets can be used to approximate local meteorological conditions in data-sparse regions, however their accuracy varies. Here we investigate how the selection of a particular dataset can influence the outcomes of disease forecasting models. Our model system focuses on plague (Yersinia pestis infection) in the West Nile region of Uganda. The majority of recent human cases have been reported from East Africa and Madagascar, where meteorological observations are sparse and topography yields complex weather patterns. Using an ensemble of meteorological datasets and model-averaging techniques we find that the number of suspected cases in the West Nile region was negatively associated with dry season rainfall (December-February) and positively with rainfall prior to the plague season. We demonstrate that ensembles of available meteorological datasets can be used to quantify climatic uncertainty and minimize its impacts on infectious disease models. These methods are particularly valuable in regions with sparse observational networks and high morbidity and mortality from vector-borne diseases. C1 [Moore, Sean M.; Monaghan, Andrew] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Moore, Sean M.; Griffith, Kevin S.; Mead, Paul S.; Eisen, Rebecca J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Apangu, Titus] Uganda Virus Res Inst, Arua, Uganda. RP Moore, SM (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM smoore@ucar.edu OI Monaghan, Andrew/0000-0002-8170-2359 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; United States Agency for International Development through an Interagency Agreement; National Science Foundation; National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR); U.S. National Science Foundation FX This work was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (www.cdc.gov) and the United States Agency for International Development (www.usaid.gov) through an Interagency Agreement with the National Science Foundation (www.nsf.gov). National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) is funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 75 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 26 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 14 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 9 AR e44431 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0044431 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 007AD UT WOS:000308860100008 PM 23024750 ER PT J AU Carias, A McRaven, M Anderson, M Henning, T Kersh, E Smith, J Butler, K Vishwanathan, S McNicholl, JM Hendry, RM Veazey, R Hope, T AF Carias, A. McRaven, M. Anderson, M. Henning, T. Kersh, E. Smith, J. Butler, K. Vishwanathan, S. McNicholl, J. M. Hendry, R. M. Veazey, R. Hope, T. TI HIV interactions and the perils of epithelial thinning in the female reproductive tract SO RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Carias, A.; McRaven, M.; Anderson, M.; Hope, T.] Northwestern Univ, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Henning, T.; Kersh, E.; Smith, J.; Butler, K.; Vishwanathan, S.; McNicholl, J. M.; Hendry, R. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Veazey, R.] Tulane Natl Primate Res Ctr, Covington, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1742-4690 J9 RETROVIROLOGY JI Retrovirology PD SEP 13 PY 2012 VL 9 SU 2 AR P363 DI 10.1186/1742-4690-9-S2-P363 PG 1 WC Virology SC Virology GA 015UO UT WOS:000309472100436 ER PT J AU Kennedy, BS Bedard, B Younge, M Tuttle, D Ammerman, E Ricci, J Doniger, AS Escuyer, VE Mitchell, K Noble-Wang, JA O'Connell, HA Lanier, WA Katz, LM Betts, RF Mercurio, MG Scott, GA Lewis, MA Goldgeier, MH AF Kennedy, Byron S. Bedard, Brenden Younge, Mary Tuttle, Deborah Ammerman, Eric Ricci, John Doniger, Andrew S. Escuyer, Vincent E. Mitchell, Kara Noble-Wang, Judith A. O'Connell, Heather A. Lanier, William A. Katz, Linda M. Betts, Robert F. Mercurio, Mary Gail Scott, Glynis A. Lewis, Matthew A. Goldgeier, Mark H. TI Outbreak of Mycobacterium chelonae Infection Associated with Tattoo Ink SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RAPIDLY GROWING MYCOBACTERIA; ATYPICAL MYCOBACTERIA; SKIN INFECTION; ABSCESSUS; IDENTIFICATION; PATTERNS; VECTOR AB Background In January 2012, on the basis of an initial report from a dermatologist, we began to investigate an outbreak of tattoo-associated Mycobacterium chelonae skin and soft-tissue infections in Rochester, New York. The main goals were to identify the extent, cause, and form of transmission of the outbreak and to prevent further cases of infection. Methods We analyzed data from structured interviews with the patients, histopathological testing of skin-biopsy specimens, acid-fast bacilli smears, and microbial cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. We also performed DNA sequencing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), cultures of the ink and ingredients used in the preparation and packaging of the ink, assessment of source water and faucets at tattoo parlors, and investigation of the ink manufacturer. Results Between October and December 2011, a persistent, raised, erythematous rash in the tattoo area developed in 19 persons (13 men and 6 women) within 3 weeks after they received a tattoo from a single artist who used premixed gray ink; the highest occurrence of tattooing and rash onset was in November (accounting for 15 and 12 patients, respectively). The average age of the patients was 35 years (range, 18 to 48). Skin-biopsy specimens, obtained from 17 patients, showed abnormalities in all 17, with M. chelonae isolated from 14 and confirmed by means of DNA sequencing. PFGE analysis showed indistinguishable patterns in 11 clinical isolates and one of three unopened bottles of premixed ink. Eighteen of the 19 patients were treated with appropriate antibiotics, and their condition improved. Conclusions The premixed ink was the common source of infection in this outbreak. These findings led to a recall by the manufacturer. C1 [Kennedy, Byron S.; Bedard, Brenden; Younge, Mary; Tuttle, Deborah; Ammerman, Eric; Ricci, John; Doniger, Andrew S.] Monroe Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Rochester, NY 14620 USA. [Escuyer, Vincent E.; Mitchell, Kara] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Betts, Robert F.; Mercurio, Mary Gail; Scott, Glynis A.; Lewis, Matthew A.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Goldgeier, Mark H.] Clinton Crossings Dermatol, Rochester, NY USA. [Noble-Wang, Judith A.; O'Connell, Heather A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lanier, William A.; Katz, Linda M.] US FDA, College Pk, MD USA. RP Kennedy, BS (reprint author), Monroe Cty Dept Publ Hlth, 111 Westfall Rd,Rm 950, Rochester, NY 14620 USA. EM bkennedy@monroecounty.gov NR 25 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 7 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD SEP 13 PY 2012 VL 367 IS 11 BP 1020 EP 1024 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa1205114 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 003ZE UT WOS:000308649100008 PM 22913660 ER PT J AU Cardozo, BL Crawford, CG Eriksson, C Zhu, J Sabin, M Ager, A Foy, D Snider, L Scholte, W Kaiser, R Olff, M Rijnen, B Simon, W AF Cardozo, Barbara Lopes Crawford, Carol Gotway Eriksson, Cynthia Zhu, Julia Sabin, Miriam Ager, Alastair Foy, David Snider, Leslie Scholte, Willem Kaiser, Reinhard Olff, Miranda Rijnen, Bas Simon, Winnifred TI Psychological Distress, Depression, Anxiety, and Burnout among International Humanitarian Aid Workers: A Longitudinal Study SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HOPKINS SYMPTOM CHECKLIST-25; MENTAL-HEALTH; SATISFACTION; SUPPORT; RELIEF AB Background: International humanitarian aid workers providing care in emergencies are subjected to numerous chronic and traumatic stressors. Objectives: To examine consequences of such experiences on aid workers' mental health and how the impact is influenced by moderating variables. Methodology: We conducted a longitudinal study in a sample of international non-governmental organizations. Study outcomes included anxiety, depression, burnout, and life and job satisfaction. We performed bivariate regression analyses at three time points. We fitted generalized estimating equation multivariable regression models for the longitudinal analyses. Results: Study participants from 19 NGOs were assessed at three time points: 212 participated at pre-deployment; 169 (80%) post-deployment; and 154 (73%) within 3-6 months after deployment. Prior to deployment, 12 (3.8%) participants reported anxiety symptoms, compared to 20 (11.8%) at post-deployment (p = 0.0027); 22 (10.4%) reported depression symptoms, compared to 33 (19.5%) at post-deployment (p = 0.0117) and 31 (20.1%) at follow-up (p = .00083). History of mental illness (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 4.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.45-12.50) contributed to an increased risk for anxiety. The experience of extraordinary stress was a contributor to increased risk for burnout depersonalization (AOR 1.5; 95% CI 1.17-1.83). Higher levels of chronic stress exposure during deployment were contributors to an increased risk for depression (AOR 1.1; 95% CI 1.02-1.20) comparing post-versus pre-deployment, and increased risk for burnout emotional exhaustion (AOR 1.1; 95% CI 1.04-1.19). Social support was associated with lower levels of depression (AOR 0.9; 95% CI 0.84-0.95), psychological distress (AOR = 0.9; [CI] 0.85-0.97), burnout lack of personal accomplishment (AOR 0.95; 95% CI 0.91-0.98), and greater life satisfaction (p = 0.0213). Conclusions: When recruiting and preparing aid workers for deployment, organizations should consider history of mental illness and take steps to decrease chronic stressors, and strengthen social support networks. C1 [Cardozo, Barbara Lopes; Sabin, Miriam; Kaiser, Reinhard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Int Emergency & Refugee Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Crawford, Carol Gotway; Zhu, Julia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Scholte, Willem; Olff, Miranda] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Foy, David] Pepperdine Univ, Malibu, CA 90265 USA. [Eriksson, Cynthia] Fuller Theol Seminary, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Snider, Leslie] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA USA. [Ager, Alastair; Rijnen, Bas; Simon, Winnifred] Antares Fdn, Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Cardozo, BL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Int Emergency & Refugee Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. EM bhc8@cdc.gov FU Antares Foundation FX This study was funded by the Antares Foundation. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 43 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 12 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 9 AR e44948 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0044948 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 005GJ UT WOS:000308738500099 ER PT J AU Fay, MP Follmann, DA Lynn, F Schiffer, JM Stark, GV Kohberger, R Quinn, CP Nuzum, EO AF Fay, Michael P. Follmann, Dean A. Lynn, Freyja Schiffer, Jarad M. Stark, Gregory V. Kohberger, Robert Quinn, Conrad P. Nuzum, Edwin O. TI Anthrax Vaccine-Induced Antibodies Provide Cross-Species Prediction of Survival to Aerosol Challenge SO SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINANT PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; LETHAL TOXIN NEUTRALIZATION; SURROGATE END-POINTS; IN-VITRO CORRELATE; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; PREPARED INVITRO; CLINICAL-TRIALS; INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G; SPORE CHALLENGE AB Because clinical trials to assess the efficacy of vaccines against anthrax are not ethical or feasible, licensure for new anthrax vaccines will likely involve the Food and Drug Administration's "Animal Rule," a set of regulations that allow approval of products based on efficacy data only in animals combined with immunogenicity and safety data in animals and humans. U.S. government-sponsored animal studies have shown anthrax vaccine efficacy in a variety of settings. We examined data from 21 of those studies to determine whether an immunological bridge based on lethal toxin neutralization activity assay (TNA) can predict survival against an inhalation anthrax challenge within and across species and genera. The 21 studies were classified into 11 different settings, each of which had the same animal species, vaccine type and formulation, vaccination schedule, time of TNA measurement, and challenge time. Logistic regression models determined the contribution of vaccine dilution dose and TNA on prediction of survival. For most settings, logistic models using only TNA explained more than 75% of the survival effect of the models with dose additionally included. Cross-species survival predictions using TNA were compared to the actual survival and shown to have good agreement (Cohen's kappa ranged from 0.55 to 0.78). In one study design, cynomolgus macaque data predicted 78.6% survival in rhesus macaques (actual survival, 83.0%) and 72.6% in rabbits (actual survival, 64.6%). These data add support for the use of TNA as an immunological bridge between species to extrapolate data in animals to predict anthrax vaccine effectiveness in humans. C1 [Fay, Michael P.; Follmann, Dean A.] NIAID, Biostat Res Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Lynn, Freyja; Nuzum, Edwin O.] NIAID, Div Microbiol & Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Schiffer, Jarad M.; Quinn, Conrad P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stark, Gregory V.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Kohberger, Robert] Blair & Co, Greenwich, CT 06830 USA. RP Fay, MP (reprint author), NIAID, Biostat Res Branch, 6700B Rockledge Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM mfay@niaid.nih.gov OI Fay, Michael P./0000-0002-8643-9625 FU Battelle Biomedical Research Center (NIAID) [N01-AI-25494, N01-AI-30061]; CDC [200-2000-100065] FX We acknowledge the Battelle Biomedical Research Center (NIAID contracts N01-AI-25494 and N01-AI-30061, and CDC contract 200-2000-100065) and the USAMRIID for conduct of studies that generated the data analyzed in this paper. NR 62 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1946-6234 J9 SCI TRANSL MED JI Sci. Transl. Med. PD SEP 12 PY 2012 VL 4 IS 151 AR 151ra126 DI 10.1126/scitranslmed.3004073 PG 12 WC Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 006FX UT WOS:000308806000005 PM 22972844 ER PT J AU Schwarz, ES Wax, PM Kleinschmidt, KC Sharma, K Todd, E Spargo, E Chung, WM Cantu, G Janneh, M Rodriguez, J Derse, T Schier, JG AF Schwarz, Evan S. Wax, Paul M. Kleinschmidt, Kurt C. Sharma, Kapil Todd, Elizabeth Spargo, Erin Chung, Wendy M. Cantu, Gabriela Janneh, Mariama Rodriguez, Juan Derse, Taye Schier, Joshua G. TI Sodium Azide Poisoning at a Restaurant-Dallas County, Texas, 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 457-460, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID ILLNESS C1 [Schwarz, Evan S.; Wax, Paul M.; Kleinschmidt, Kurt C.; Sharma, Kapil] Univ Texas SW Sch Med, Houston, TX USA. [Chung, Wendy M.; Cantu, Gabriela; Janneh, Mariama; Rodriguez, Juan; Derse, Taye] Dallas Cty Dept Hlth & Human Svcs, Dallas, TX USA. [Schier, Joshua G.] CDC, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schwarz, ES (reprint author), Univ Texas SW Sch Med, Houston, TX USA. EM schwarze@wusm.wustl.edu RI Schier, Joshua/F-9861-2013 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 12 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 10 BP 965 EP 967 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 003AA UT WOS:000308579300008 ER PT J AU Buttery, V Bahta, L Miller, C Marin, M Kemble, SK AF Buttery, Vicki Bahta, Lynn Miller, Claudia Marin, Mona Kemble, Sarah K. TI Notes from the Field: Severe Varicella in an Immunocompromised Child Exposed to an Unvaccinated Sibling with Varicella-Minnesota, 2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 541, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Kemble, Sarah K.] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Buttery, Vicki; Bahta, Lynn; Miller, Claudia] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. RP Kemble, SK (reprint author), CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skemble@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 12 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 10 BP 968 EP 968 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 003AA UT WOS:000308579300009 ER PT J AU Jones, CM AF Jones, Christopher M. TI Frequency of Prescription Pain Reliever Nonmedical Use: 2002-2003 and 2009-2010 SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Jones, CM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Chamblee Campus,4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM fjr0@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD SEP 10 PY 2012 VL 172 IS 16 BP 1265 EP 1267 DI 10.1001/archinternmed.2012.2533 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 003MV UT WOS:000308616800020 PM 22733257 ER PT J AU Zhang, SM Jian, FC Zhao, GH Huang, L Zhang, LX Ning, CS Wang, RJ Qi, M Xiao, LH AF Zhang, Sumei Jian, Fuchun Zhao, Guanghui Huang, Lei Zhang, Longxian Ning, Changshen Wang, Rongjun Qi, Meng Xiao, Lihua TI Chick embryo tracheal organ: A new and effective in vitro culture model for Cryptosporidium baileyi SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chick embryo tracheal organ; Cryptosporidium baileyi; In vitro; Culture; Electron microscopy ID INFECTIOUS-BRONCHITIS VIRUS; MYCOPLASMA-GALLISEPTICUM; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; OOCYSTS; IDENTIFICATION; PATHOGENICITY; CULTIVATION; PARASITES; ANTIGENS; BIRDS AB In the present study, chick embryo tracheal organ (TOCs) was used to cultivate oocysts or sporozoites of Cryptosporidium baileyi. Approximately 5 x 10(4) sporozoites and oocysts mixture for group I; 5 x 105, 1 x 10(6), 2 x 10(6) purified sporozoites for group II, group III and group IV, respectively, were inoculated into respective chick embryo tracheal rings maintained in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 5% heat-inactivated FBS, and cultivated in each well of the 24-well culture plate at 40 degrees C and 5% CO2. The tracheal rings in four experimental groups (I-IV) were successfully infected with C. baileyi, and different stages of parasites were also observed under light and electron microscopy. Parasite infection and cytological alterations were noted as early as PI 72 h. The Cryptosporidium were seen attached to the edge of the tracheal epithelium, with more number of parasites in group I than that in group II, group III and group IV. The moderate nuclear swelling and chromatin margination were also detected, and the normal vertical orientation and basilar location of the nuclei of the epithelial cells were almost lost. C. baileyi that has been passed by TOCs exhibited similar immunity and molecular features with parasites before intratracheal inoculation. These results suggest that chick embryo tracheal organ is a new and effective in vitro culture model for C. baileyi and other respiratory pathogens. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Sumei; Jian, Fuchun; Huang, Lei; Zhang, Longxian; Ning, Changshen; Wang, Rongjun; Qi, Meng] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Guanghui] NW A&F Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Yangling 712100, Shanxi, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Zhang, LX (reprint author), Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. EM zhanglx8999@yahoo.com.cn RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU International Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [31110103901]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31172311]; Henan Province Special Fund of Public Welfare [81100912300] FX This study was supported in part by the founds for International Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 31110103901), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 31172311), and the Henan Province Special Fund of Public Welfare (no. 81100912300). NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD SEP 10 PY 2012 VL 188 IS 3-4 BP 376 EP 381 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.03.049 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 992TM UT WOS:000307802600023 PM 22520234 ER PT J AU Nowalk, MP Nutini, J Raymund, M Ahmed, F Albert, SM Zimmerman, RK AF Nowalk, Mary Patricia Nutini, Jean Raymund, Mahlon Ahmed, Faruque Albert, Steven M. Zimmerman, Richard K. TI Evaluation of a toolkit to introduce standing orders for influenza and pneumococcal vaccination in adults: A multimodal pilot project SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Adult immunizations; Influenza vaccine; Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine; Standing order programs ID PRIMARY-CARE PHYSICIANS; NATIONAL-SURVEY; UNITED-STATES; IMMUNIZATIONS; INTERVENTIONS; COVERAGE; RATES; MODEL AB Background: Immunization of adults with influenza vaccine and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine remains lower than recommended levels. Standing order programs (SOPs) in which non-physician medical personnel are permitted to assess an adult patient's immunization status and administer vaccines without an individual physician order are a proven method of increasing adult vaccinations, yet they are used by less than one half of primary care physicians caring for adults. Methods: Following a national survey of primary care physicians about barriers to SOPs for adult immunizations, a SOP toolkit was developed. After review by a panel of experts, the toolkit was pilot tested in three primary care practices in a health care network with the same electronic medical record (EMR) system and low adult vaccination rates. Practice staffs were trained in the use of SOPs and the toolkit at a group meeting. This study was designed to pilot-test and evaluate the toolkit with the express intention of improving it. Three methods were used to evaluate the toolkit: (1) direct observation and interviews of each practice's staff; (2) surveys of each practice's staff; and (3) influenza and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) vaccination rates. Results: The staffs at all sites were equally likely to find the presentations and toolkit useful and did not differ in their knowledge of using SOPs for vaccination. They expressed a common set of barriers to implementing SOPs despite using the toolkit, and provided ideas for improving implementation. One site viewed SOPs in general in a more negative light and expressed that SOPs unfairly increased their workload. Vaccination rates in this site did not differ from those of the control site. Conclusion: The evaluation suggested that the SOP toolkit should be expanded to include additional strategies to improve its applicability and effectiveness. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Nowalk, Mary Patricia; Raymund, Mahlon; Zimmerman, Richard K.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Family Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Nutini, Jean; Albert, Steven M.; Zimmerman, Richard K.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Behav & Community Hlth Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Ahmed, Faruque] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Nowalk, MP (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Family Med, 3518 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM tnowalk@pitt.edu; nutini@pitt.edu; raymund@pitt.edu; fahmed@cdc.gov; smalbert@pitt.edu; zimmer@pitt.edu OI Zimmerman, Richard/0000-0001-5941-6092; Albert, Steven/0000-0001-6786-9956 FU Merck Co. Inc.; Medlmmune, LLC; Sanofi FX Richard K. Zimmerman has received research support from Merck & Co. Inc., Medlmmune, LLC, and Sanofi. He was a consultant for Medlmmune LLC. Mary Patricia Nowalk has received research support from Merck & Co. Inc. and Medlmmune, LLC. She was a consultant for MedImmune LLC. Rest of the authors have no conflicts of interest. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD SEP 7 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 41 BP 5978 EP 5982 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.07.023 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 009LA UT WOS:000309026100012 PM 22835736 ER PT J AU Streicker, DG Recuenco, S Valderrama, W Benavides, JG Vargas, I Pacheco, V Condori, EC Montgomery, J Rupprecht, CE Rohani, P Altizer, S AF Streicker, Daniel G. Recuenco, Sergio Valderrama, William Gomez Benavides, Jorge Vargas, Ivan Pacheco, Victor Condori, E. Condori Montgomery, Joel Rupprecht, Charles E. Rohani, Pejman Altizer, Sonia TI Ecological and anthropogenic drivers of rabies exposure in vampire bats: implications for transmission and control SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE culling; disease thresholds; longitudinal; Lyssavirus; chiroptera; Desmodus ID BIG BROWN BATS; DESMODUS-ROTUNDUS; VIRUS-INFECTION; WILDLIFE DISEASE; NEW-MEXICO; POPULATION; CATTLE; BRAZIL; HOST; TUBERCULOSIS AB Despite extensive culling of common vampire bats in Latin America, lethal human rabies outbreaks transmitted by this species are increasingly recognized, and livestock rabies occurs with striking frequency. To identify the individual and population-level factors driving rabies virus (RV) transmission in vampire bats, we conducted a longitudinal capture-recapture study in 20 vampire bat colonies spanning four regions of Peru. Serology demonstrated the circulation of RV in vampire bats from all regions in all years. Seroprevalence ranged from 3 to 28 per cent and was highest in juvenile and sub-adult bats. RV exposure was independent of bat colony size, consistent with an absence of population density thresholds for viral invasion and extinction. Culling campaigns implemented during our study failed to reduce seroprevalence and were perhaps counterproductive for disease control owing to the targeted removal of adults, but potentially greater importance of juvenile and sub-adult bats for transmission. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of RV maintenance in vampire bats and highlight the need for ecologically informed approaches to rabies prevention in Latin America. C1 [Streicker, Daniel G.; Condori, E. Condori; Altizer, Sonia] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Streicker, Daniel G.; Recuenco, Sergio; Condori, E. Condori; Rupprecht, Charles E.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Montgomery, Joel] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gomez Benavides, Jorge; Vargas, Ivan] Minist Hlth Peru, Off Epidemiol, Lima, Peru. [Valderrama, William] Minist Agr Peru, Off Anim Hlth, Natl Serv Agr Hlth, Lima, Peru. [Pacheco, Victor] Natl Univ San Marcos, Dept Mammal, Lima, Peru. [Rohani, Pejman] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ctr Study Complex Syst, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Streicker, DG (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dstrike@uga.edu OI Pacheco, Victor/0000-0002-1005-135X; Streicker, Daniel/0000-0001-7475-2705; Recuenco-Cabrera, Sergio/0000-0002-8446-7411 FU National Geographic Committee for Research and Exploration; American Philosophical Society; University of Georgia's Latin American and Caribbean Studies Institute; CDC/UGA seed grant [FID-908]; NSF grant [DEB-1020966]; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship; UGA Dissertation Completion Award FX We thank numerous field assistants in Peru, especially Fernando Pancorbo, Oscar Centty, Liz Huamani and Jorge Carrera, for their hard work and dedication. For logistical support and personnel, we thank the Office of Epidemiology of the Ministry of Health, Peru, the Office of Animal Health SENASA, the regional offices of SENASA in Chota, Cutervo, Abancay, Andahuaylas and Puerto Maldonado, and the regional offices and/or hospitals of the Ministry of Health in Huacho, Barranca, Chancay, Mala, Huaral, Andahuaylas, Rio Blanco, Puerto Maldonado, Mazuko and Huepethue. We thank Steven Castleberry for lending radio-telemetry equipment, Andy Davis for assistance with the digital image analysis, and John Wares and two reviewers for insightful comments and discussion on the manuscript. This work was funded by grants to D.G.S. from the National Geographic Committee for Research and Exploration, the American Philosophical Society and the University of Georgia's Latin American and Caribbean Studies Institute; CDC/UGA seed grant no. FID-908 to S.A. and C.E.R.; and NSF grant DEB-1020966 to S.A. and P.R. D.G.S. was supported by an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship and a UGA Dissertation Completion Award. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 43 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 6 U2 85 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD SEP 7 PY 2012 VL 279 IS 1742 BP 3384 EP 3392 DI 10.1098/rspb.2012.0538 PG 9 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 979PL UT WOS:000306832100002 PM 22696521 ER PT J AU Turan, JM Steinfeld, RL Onono, M Bukusi, EA Woods, M Shade, SB Washington, S Marima, R Penner, J Ackers, ML Mbori-Ngacha, D Cohen, CR AF Turan, Janet M. Steinfeld, Rachel L. Onono, Maricianah Bukusi, Elizabeth A. Woods, Meghan Shade, Starley B. Washington, Sierra Marima, Reson Penner, Jeremy Ackers, Marta L. Mbori-Ngacha, Dorothy Cohen, Craig R. TI The Study of HIV and Antenatal Care Integration in Pregnancy in Kenya: Design, Methods, and Baseline Results of a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; SINGLE-DOSE NEVIRAPINE; 4 AFRICAN COUNTRIES; SOUTH-AFRICA; REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; SCALING-UP; RURAL KENYA; PREVENTION; SERVICES AB Background: Despite strong evidence for the effectiveness of anti-retroviral therapy for improving the health of women living with HIV and for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT), HIV persists as a major maternal and child health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. In most settings antenatal care (ANC) services and HIV treatment services are offered in separate clinics. Integrating these services may result in better uptake of services, reduction of the time to treatment initiation, better adherence, and reduction of stigma. Methodology/Principal Findings: A prospective cluster randomized controlled trial design was used to evaluate the effects of integrating HIV treatment into ANC clinics at government health facilities in rural Kenya. Twelve facilities were randomized to provide either fully integrated services (ANC, PMTCT, and HIV treatment services all delivered in the ANC clinic) or non-integrated services (ANC clinics provided ANC and basic PMTCT services and referred clients to a separate HIV clinic for HIV treatment). During June 2009-March 2011, 1,172 HIV-positive pregnant women were enrolled in the study. The main study outcomes are rates of maternal enrollment in HIV care and treatment, infant HIV testing uptake, and HIV-free infant survival. Baseline results revealed that the intervention and control cohorts were similar with respect to socio-demographics, male partner HIV testing, sero-discordance of the couple, obstetric history, baseline CD4 count, and WHO Stage. Challenges faced while conducting this trial at low-resource rural health facilities included frequent staff turnover, stock-outs of essential supplies, transportation challenges, and changes in national guidelines. Conclusions/Significance: This is the first randomized trial of ANC and HIV service integration to be conducted in rural Africa. It is expected that the study will provide critical evidence regarding the implementation and effectiveness of this service delivery strategy, with important implications for programs striving to eliminate vertical transmission of HIV and improve maternal health. C1 [Turan, Janet M.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Hlth Care Org & Policy, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Turan, Janet M.; Steinfeld, Rachel L.; Bukusi, Elizabeth A.; Woods, Meghan; Cohen, Craig R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, San Francisco, CA USA. [Onono, Maricianah; Bukusi, Elizabeth A.; Penner, Jeremy] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Microbiol Res, Nairobi, Kenya. [Shade, Starley B.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Washington, Sierra] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept OBGYN & Womens Hlth, Bronx, NY USA. [Marima, Reson] Aga Khan Univ Hosp, Nairobi, Kenya. [Ackers, Marta L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mbori-Ngacha, Dorothy] Univ Nairobi, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Turan, JM (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Hlth Care Org & Policy, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM jmturan@uab.edu FU CDC [5U2GPS001913-02]; U.S. National Institute of Mental Health [K01MH081777]; Nyanza Provincial Ministries of Health FX The research described was supported as a Public Health Evaluation by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)/U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The study was funded under the CDC cooperative agreement number 5U2GPS001913-02. The funders had no role in data collection and analysis. The manuscript has received CDC clearance for journal submission. The first author's time working on this study was partially supported by Award Number K01MH081777 from the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the U. S. National Institutes of Health.; We thank the Kenyan women who participated in the study. We acknowledge the important logistical support of the KEMRI-UCSF Collaborative Group and especially Family AIDS Care and Education Services (FACES). We gratefully acknowledge the Director of KEMRI, the Director of KEMRI's Centre for Microbiology, and the Nyanza Provincial Ministries of Health for their support in conducting this research. We also thank John Oguda, Peter Manwari, George O'chieng, Pheobe Anyango, Kevin Owuor, Cinthia Blat, Jayne Kulzer, Nicole Schmidt, Katie Schwartz, Lisa Dillabaugh, and Benard Otieno for their important contributions to this research. NR 49 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 6 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 9 AR e44181 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0044181 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 001KC UT WOS:000308458400043 PM 22970177 ER PT J AU Whitworth, WC Hamilton, LR Goodwin, DJ Barrera, C West, KB Racster, L Daniels, LJ Chuke, SO Campbell, BH Bohanon, J Jaffar, AT Drane, W Maserang, D Mazurek, GH AF Whitworth, William C. Hamilton, Lanette R. Goodwin, Donald J. Barrera, Carlos West, Kevin B. Racster, Laura Daniels, Laura J. Chuke, Stella O. Campbell, Brandon H. Bohanon, Jamaria Jaffar, Atheer T. Drane, Wanzer Maserang, David Mazurek, Gerald H. TI Within-Subject Interlaboratory Variability of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube Tests SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; LATENT TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION; INTERFERON-GAMMA RESPONSES; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; RELEASE ASSAYS; REPRODUCIBILITY; CONVERSIONS; GUIDELINES; AGREEMENT AB Background: The QuantiFERON (R)-TB Gold In-Tube test (QFT-GIT) is a viable alternative to the tuberculin skin test (TST) for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. However, within-subject variability may limit test utility. To assess variability, we compared results from the same subjects when QFT-GIT enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were performed in different laboratories. Methods: Subjects were recruited at two sites and blood was tested in three labs. Two labs used the same type of automated ELISA workstation, 8-point calibration curves, and electronic data transfer. The third lab used a different automated ELISA workstation, 4-point calibration curves, and manual data entry. Variability was assessed by interpretation agreement and comparison of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) measurements. Data for subjects with discordant interpretations or discrepancies in TB Response >0.05 IU/mL were verified or corrected, and variability was reassessed using a reconciled dataset. Results: Ninety-seven subjects had results from three labs. Eleven (11.3%) had discordant interpretations and 72 (74.2%) had discrepancies >0.05 IU/mL using unreconciled results. After correction of manual data entry errors for 9 subjects, and exclusion of 6 subjects due to methodological errors, 7 (7.7%) subjects were discordant. Of these, 6 (85.7%) had all TB Responses within 0.25 IU/mL of the manufacturer's recommended cutoff. Non-uniform error of measurement was observed, with greater variation in higher IFN-gamma measurements. Within-subject standard deviation for TB Response was as high as 0.16 IU/mL, and limits of agreement ranged from -0.46 to 0.43 IU/mL for subjects with mean TB Response within 0.25 IU/mL of the cutoff. Conclusion: Greater interlaboratory variability was associated with manual data entry and higher IFN-gamma measurements. Manual data entry should be avoided. Because variability in measuring TB Response may affect interpretation, especially near the cutoff, consideration should be given to developing a range of values near the cutoff to be interpreted as "borderline," rather than negative or positive. C1 [Whitworth, William C.; Daniels, Laura J.; Chuke, Stella O.; Campbell, Brandon H.; Mazurek, Gerald H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hamilton, Lanette R.; Barrera, Carlos] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Goodwin, Donald J.; Racster, Laura; Bohanon, Jamaria; Jaffar, Atheer T.] USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, Epidemiol Serv Branch, Brooks City Base, TX USA. [West, Kevin B.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Reid Clin, Dept Occupat Med TB Prevent Deployment Med, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. [Daniels, Laura J.; Bohanon, Jamaria; Jaffar, Atheer T.] CDC Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chuke, Stella O.] Northrop Grumman Informat Syst Sect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Drane, Wanzer] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Maserang, David] USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, Appl Technol Ctr, Brooks City Base, TX USA. RP Whitworth, WC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wcw2@cdc.gov FU United States Air Force (USAF) FX The United States Air Force (USAF) funded this study as part of a larger project assessing reproducibility of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube tests. The USAF and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reviewed the study design, data collection methods, and analysis plans prior to approval. The USAF, U. S. Army, and CDC cleared the manuscript for publication according to established guidelines. No outside funders had a role in the study design, data collection, analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 34 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 6 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 9 AR e43790 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0043790 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 001KC UT WOS:000308458400019 PM 22970142 ER PT J AU Moorthy, M Samuel, P Peter, JV Vijayakumar, S Sekhar, D Verghese, VP Agarwal, I Moses, PD Ebenezer, K Abraham, OC Thomas, K Mathews, P Mishra, AC Lal, R Muliyil, J Abraham, AM AF Moorthy, Mahesh Samuel, Prasanna Peter, John Victor Vijayakumar, Saranya Sekhar, Dipika Verghese, Valsan P. Agarwal, Indira Moses, Prabhakar D. Ebenezer, Kala Abraham, Ooriapadickal Cherian Thomas, Kurien Mathews, Prasad Mishra, Akhilesh C. Lal, Renu Muliyil, Jayaprakash Abraham, Asha Mary TI Estimation of the Burden of Pandemic(H1N1)2009 in Developing Countries: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center in South India SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZA-VIRUSES; H1N1 2009; INFECTION; MORTALITY; FEATURES AB Background: The burden of the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza might be underestimated if detection of the virus is mandated to diagnose infection. Using an alternate approach, we propose that a much higher pandemic burden was experienced in our institution. Methodology/Principal Findings: Consecutive patients (n = 2588) presenting to our hospital with influenza like illness (ILI) or severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) during a 1-year period (May 2009-April 2010) were prospectively recruited and tested for influenza A by real-time RT-PCR. Analysis of weekly trends showed an 11-fold increase in patients presenting with ILI/SARI during the peak pandemic period when compared with the pre-pandemic period and a significant (P < 0.001) increase in SARI admissions during the pandemic period (30+/-15.9 admissions/week) when compared with pre-pandemic (7+/-2.5) and post-pandemic periods (5+/-3.8). However, Influenza A was detected in less than one-third of patients with ILI/SARI [699 (27.0%)]; a majority of these (557/699, 79.7%) were Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus [A/H1N1/09]. An A/H1N1/09 positive test was correlated with shorter symptom duration prior to presentation (p = 0.03). More ILI cases tested positive for A/H1N1/09 when compared with SARI (27.4% vs. 14.6%, P = 0.037). When the entire study population was considered, A/H1N1/09 positivity was associated with lower risk of hospitalization (p < 0.0001) and ICU admission (p = 0.013) suggesting mild self-limiting illness in a majority. Conclusion/Significance: Analysis of weekly trends of ILI/SARI suggest a higher burden of the pandemic attributable to A/H1N1/09 than estimates assessed by a positive PCR test alone. The study highlights methodological consideration in the estimation of burden of pandemic influenza in developing countries using hospital-based data that may help assess the impact of future outbreaks of respiratory illnesses. C1 [Moorthy, Mahesh; Vijayakumar, Saranya; Sekhar, Dipika; Abraham, Asha Mary] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Clin Virol, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India. [Samuel, Prasanna] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Biostat, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India. [Verghese, Valsan P.; Agarwal, Indira; Moses, Prabhakar D.; Ebenezer, Kala] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Child Hlth, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India. [Peter, John Victor; Abraham, Ooriapadickal Cherian; Thomas, Kurien; Mathews, Prasad] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Med, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India. [Mishra, Akhilesh C.] Natl Inst Virol, Pune, Maharashtra, India. [Lal, Renu] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resppiratory Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Moorthy, M (reprint author), Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Clin Virol, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India. EM asha_ma@cmcvellore.ac.in FU Department of Health and Human Services, USA; Indian Council of Medical Research, India [5U50/CI024407-05] FX This study was funded by the Department of Health and Human Services, USA and the Indian Council of Medical Research, India (Co-operative Agreement No. 5U50/CI024407-05). Reagents for testing were in addition supplied by the National Institute of Virology, Pune, India. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 5 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 9 AR e41507 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0041507 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 001MC UT WOS:000308463800007 PM 22957015 ER PT J AU Ganatra, R Kniss, K Epperson, S Blanton, L Mustaquim, D Bishop, A D'Mello, T Perez, A Dhara, R Brammer, L Chaves, S Gubareva, L Wallis, T Xu, XY Bresee, J Klimov, A Cox, N Finelli, L AF Ganatra, Rahul Kniss, Krista Epperson, Scott Blanton, Lenee Mustaquim, Desiree Bishop, Amber D'Mello, Tiffany Perez, Alejandro Dhara, Rosaline Brammer, Lynnette Chaves, Sandra Gubareva, Larisa Wallis, Teresa Xu, Xiyan Bresee, Joseph Klimov, Alexander Cox, Nancy Finelli, Lyn CA World Hlth Org Collaborating Ctr S TI Update: Influenza Activity-United States, 2011-12 Season and Composition of the 2012-13 Influenza Vaccine (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 414-420, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Ganatra, Rahul; Kniss, Krista; Epperson, Scott; Blanton, Lenee; Mustaquim, Desiree; Bishop, Amber; D'Mello, Tiffany; Perez, Alejandro; Dhara, Rosaline; Brammer, Lynnette; Chaves, Sandra; Gubareva, Larisa; Wallis, Teresa; Xu, Xiyan; Bresee, Joseph; Klimov, Alexander; Cox, Nancy; Finelli, Lyn; World Hlth Org Collaborating Ctr S] CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ganatra, R (reprint author), CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rganatra@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 5 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 9 BP 854 EP 858 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 999ET UT WOS:000308292900005 ER PT J AU Althoff, KN Buchacz, K Hall, HI Zhang, JB Hanna, DB Rebeiro, P Gange, SJ Moore, RD Kitahata, MM Gebo, KA Martin, J Justice, AC Horberg, MA Hogg, RS Sterling, TR Cescon, A Klein, MB Thorne, JE Crane, HM Mugavero, MJ Napravnik, S Kirk, GD Jacobson, LP Brooks, JT AF Althoff, Keri N. Buchacz, Kate Hall, H. Irene Zhang, Jinbing Hanna, David B. Rebeiro, Peter Gange, Stephen J. Moore, Richard D. Kitahata, Mari M. Gebo, Kelly A. Martin, Jeffrey Justice, Amy C. Horberg, Michael A. Hogg, Robert S. Sterling, Timothy R. Cescon, Angela Klein, Marina B. Thorne, Jennifer E. Crane, Heidi M. Mugavero, Michael J. Napravnik, Sonia Kirk, Gregory D. Jacobson, Lisa P. Brooks, John T. CA N Amer AIDS Cohort Collaboration TI US Trends in Antiretroviral Therapy Use, HIV RNA Plasma Viral Loads, and CD4 T-Lymphocyte Cell Counts Among HIV-Infected Persons, 2000 to 2008 SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; UNITED-STATES; VIROLOGICAL RESPONSES; CLINICAL COHORT; MEDICAL-CARE; AIDS; MORTALITY; ADULTS; IMMUNODEFICIENCY; DEATH AB Background: The U.S. National HIV/AIDS Strategy targets for 2015 include "increasing access to care and improving health outcomes for persons living with HIV in the United States" (PLWH-US). Objective: To demonstrate the utility of the NA-ACCORD (North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design) for monitoring trends in the HIV epidemic in the United States and to present trends in HIV treatment and related health outcomes. Design: Trends from annual cross-sectional analyses comparing patients from pooled, multicenter, prospective, clinical HIV cohort studies with PLWH-US, as reported to national surveillance systems in 40 states. Setting: U.S. HIV outpatient clinics. Patients: HIV-infected adults with 1 or more HIV RNA plasma viral load (HIV VL) or CD4 T-lymphocyte (CD4) cell count measured in any calendar year from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2008. Measurements: Annual rates of antiretroviral therapy use, HIV VL, and CD4 cell count at death. Results: 45 529 HIV-infected persons received care in an NA-ACCORD-participating U.S. clinical cohort from 2000 to 2008. In 2008, the 26 030 NA-ACCORD participants in care and the 655 966 PLWH-US had qualitatively similar demographic characteristics. From 2000 to 2008, the proportion of participants prescribed highly active antiretroviral therapy increased by 9 percentage points to 83% (P < 0.001), whereas the proportion with suppressed HIV VL (<= 2.7 log(10) copies/mL) increased by 26 percentage points to 72% (P < 0.001). Median CD4 cell count at death more than tripled to 0.209 x 10(9) cells/L (P < 0.001). Limitation: The usual limitations of observational data apply. Conclusion: The NA-ACCORD is the largest cohort of HIV-infected adults in clinical care in the United States that is demographically similar to PLWH-US in 2008. From 2000 to 2008, increases were observed in the percentage of prescribed HAART, the percentage who achieved a suppressed HIV VL, and the median CD4 cell count at death. Primary Funding Source: National Institutes of Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Canadian HIV Trials Network; and the government of British Columbia, Canada. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. Vet Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Syst, New Haven, CT USA. Mid Atlantic Permanente Res Inst, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. British Columbia Ctr Excellence HIV AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Simon Fraser Univ, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H2X 2P4, Canada. Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Althoff, KN (reprint author), 615 N Wolfe St,Room E-7142, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. EM kalthoff@jhsph.edu OI Gange, Stephen/0000-0001-7842-512X; Rebeiro, Peter/0000-0003-1951-9104; Hogg, Robert/0000-0003-3463-5488 FU National Institutes of Health [M01-RR025747, P30-AI27757, P30-AI27767, P30-AI27763, P30-AI50410, P30-AI54999, R01-DA04334, R01-DA12568, R01-DA11602, R01-AA16893, R24-AI067039, Z01-CP010176, AHQ290-01-0012, N02-CP55504, AI-69432, AI-69434, K01-AI071725]; CDC [CDC200-2006-18797]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research [TGF-96118, HCP-97105, CBR-86906, CBR-94036, KRS-86251, 169621]; Canadian HIV Trials Network [24]; government of British Columbia FX By grants U01-AI069918, U10-AA13566, U01-AI31834, U01-AI34989, U01-AI34993, U01-AI34994, U01-AI35004, U01-AI35039, U01-AI35040, U01-AI35041, U01-AI35042, U01AI35043, U01-AI37613, U01-AI37984, U01-AI38855, U01-AI38858, U01-AI42590, U01-AI68634, U01-AI68636, U01-HD32632, U10-EY08057, U10-EY08052, U10-EY08067, UL1-RR024131, UL1-RR024131, M01-RR-00052, M01-RR00071, M01-RR00079, M01-RR00083, M01-RR00722, M01-RR025747, P30-AI27757, P30-AI27767, P30-AI27763, P30-AI50410, P30-AI54999, R01-DA04334, R01-DA12568, R01-DA11602, R01-AA16893, R24-AI067039, Z01-CP010176, AHQ290-01-0012, N02-CP55504, AI-69432, AI-69434, K01-AI071725, K23-AI610320, K23-EY013707, K24-DA00432, K01-AI093197 (Dr. Althoff) and F31-DA30254 (Mr. Hanna) from the National Institutes of Health; contract CDC200-2006-18797 from the CDC; grants TGF-96118, HCP-97105, CBR-86906, CBR-94036, KRS-86251, and 169621 from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research; the Canadian HIV Trials Network, project 24; and the government of British Columbia. The CDC funds all U.S. states and the District of Columbia to conduct HIV surveillance and provides technical assistance to all funded areas. Participating investigators and contributors are CDC employees. Employees of the CDC conducted the surveillance data analyses, and the report was reviewed and approved by the CDC. NR 47 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD SEP 4 PY 2012 VL 157 IS 5 BP 325 EP U63 DI 10.7326/0003-4819-157-5-201209040-00005 PG 15 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 000BM UT WOS:000308361500003 PM 22944874 ER PT J AU Sharp, TM Crawford, SE Ajami, NJ Neill, FH Atmar, RL Katayama, K Utama, B Estes, MK AF Sharp, Tyler M. Crawford, Sue E. Ajami, Nadim J. Neill, Frederick H. Atmar, Robert L. Katayama, Kazuhiko Utama, Budi Estes, Mary K. TI Secretory pathway antagonism by calicivirus homologues of Norwalk virus nonstructural protein p22 is restricted to noroviruses SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Calicivirus; Norovirus; p22; Secretory pathway ID ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; REPLICATION COMPLEX; 3A; INHIBITION; CELLS; INFECTION; MEMBRANES AB Background: Our previous report that the Norwalk virus nonstructural protein p22 is an antagonist of the cellular secretory pathway suggests a new aspect of norovirus/host interaction. To explore conservation of function of this highly divergent calicivirus protein, we examined the effects of p22 homologues from four human and two murine noroviruses, and feline calicivirus on the secretory pathway. Findings: All human noroviruses examined induced Golgi disruption and inhibited protein secretion, with the genogroup II.4 Houston virus being the most potent antagonist. Genogroup II. 6 viruses have a conserved mutation in the mimic of an Endoplasmic Reticulum export signal (MERES) motif that is highly conserved in human norovirus homologues of p22 and is critical for secretory pathway antagonism, and these viruses had reduced levels of Golgi disruption and inhibition of protein secretion. p22 homologues from both persistent and nonpersistent strains of murine norovirus induced Golgi disruption, but only mildly inhibited cellular protein secretion. Feline calicivirus p30 did not induce Golgi disruption or inhibit cellular protein secretion. Conclusions: These differences confirm a norovirus-specific effect on host cell secretory pathway antagonism by homologues of p22, which may affect viral replication and/or cellular pathogenesis. C1 [Katayama, Kazuhiko] Natl Inst Infect Dis, Tokyo, Japan. [Sharp, Tyler M.; Crawford, Sue E.; Ajami, Nadim J.; Neill, Frederick H.; Atmar, Robert L.; Utama, Budi; Estes, Mary K.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Virol & Microbiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Estes, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. EM mestes@bcm.edu FU National Institute of Health [P01 AI057788, T32 AI04741]; East Asia and Pacific Summer Institute from the National Science Foundation [7316]; SCCPR [U54 HD-007495, P30 DK-56338, P30 CA-125123]; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center of Baylor College of Medicine FX This work was funded by the Public Health Service grants from the National Institute of Health P01 AI057788 (MKE) and T32 AI04741 (TMS), and by the East Asia and Pacific Summer Institute grant 7316 (TMS) from the National Science Foundation. Microscopy equipment support was from the John S. Dunn Gulf Coast Consortium for Chemical Genomics (MA Mancini). Additional funding for imaging was provided by SCCPR U54 HD-007495 (BW O'Malley), P30 DK-56338 (MK Estes), P30 CA-125123 (CK Osborne), and the Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center of Baylor College of Medicine. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-422X J9 VIROL J JI Virol. J. PD SEP 3 PY 2012 VL 9 AR 181 DI 10.1186/1743-422X-9-181 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 037RS UT WOS:000311124800001 PM 22943503 ER PT J AU Gulumian, M Kuempel, ED Savolainen, K AF Gulumian, Mary Kuempel, Eileen D. Savolainen, Kai TI Global challenges in the risk assessment of nanomaterials: Relevance to South Africa SO SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; IN-VITRO; EXPOSURE; PARTICLES; TOXICITY; RATS; INHALATION; DOSIMETRY AB Internationally, there are efforts to develop standardised toxicity testing and risk assessment methods for engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). To this end, health risk assessments need to be conducted on ENMs synthesised in South Africa. Country-specific risk characterisation requires specific exposure assessments for those ENMs for which the likelihood exists for occupational and environmental exposure in that country. A challenge in hazard identification and risk assessment related to ENMs, regardless of country of origin, is that data on toxicity, carcinogenicity, pharmacokinetics; and occupational or environmental exposure are generally not available for most ENMs. Although the mechanisms previously identified as important in the toxicity and carcinogenicity of particles and fibres may be applicable, the possibility exists that the unusual physicochemical properties of ENMs may give rise to unique, and as yet unidentified, adverse effects. Moreover, generalised exposure scenarios that consider the life cycle of the agent have not been developed and are needed for the complete risk characterisation of ENMs. As health risk assessment is both resource and labour intensive, it is imperative to identify the aims of such an exercise prior to embarking on large-scale projects, to ensure that the data most useful for public health decision-making is provided. Identifying priorities in South Africa, in coordination with international efforts, can facilitate the effective use of research efforts for risk assessment and risk management decision-making. C1 [Gulumian, Mary] Natl Inst Occupat Hlth, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Gulumian, Mary] Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Kuempel, Eileen D.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Savolainen, Kai] Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Nanosafety Res Ctr, Helsinki, Finland. RP Gulumian, M (reprint author), POB 4788, ZA-2000 Johannesburg, South Africa. EM mary.gulumian@nioh.nhls.ac.za FU Department of Science and Technology, South Africa FX We acknowledge the support of the Department of Science and Technology, South Africa and its initiative towards research on the risk assessment of nanomaterials. NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 21 PU ACAD SCIENCE SOUTH AFRICA A S S AF PI LYNWOOD RIDGE PA PO BOX 72135, LYNWOOD RIDGE 0040, SOUTH AFRICA SN 0038-2353 J9 S AFR J SCI JI S. Afr. J. Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 108 IS 9-10 BP 22 EP 30 DI 10.4102/sajs.v108i9/10.922 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 091PM UT WOS:000315062300007 ER PT J AU Thomson, JL Tussing-Humphreys, LM Martin, CK LeBlanc, MM Onufrak, SJ AF Thomson, Jessica L. Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa M. Martin, Corby K. LeBlanc, Monique M. Onufrak, Stephen J. TI Associations among School Characteristics and Foodservice Practices in a Nationally Representative Sample of United States Schools SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE school; food service; nutrition policy; overweight ID CHILDHOOD OBESITY; FOOD ENVIRONMENT; HEALTH POLICIES; RECOMMENDATIONS; ADOLESCENTS; PREVENTION; PERSONNEL; PROGRAMS; CHILDREN; ENERGY AB Objective: Determine school characteristics associated with healthy/unhealthy food service offerings or healthy food preparation practices. Design: Secondary analysis of cross-sectional data. Setting: Nationally representative sample of public and private elementary, middle, and high schools. Participants: Data from the 2006 School Health Policies and Practices Study Food Service School Questionnaire, n = 526 for Healthy and Unhealthy Offerings analysis; n = 520 for Healthy Preparation analysis. Main Outcome Measures: Scores for healthy/unhealthy foodservice offerings and healthy food preparation practices. Analysis: Multivariable regression to determine significant associations among school characteristics and offerings/preparation practices. Results: Public schools and schools participating in the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Team Nutrition reported more healthy offerings and preparation than private or nonparticipating schools, respectively. Elementary schools reported fewer unhealthy offerings than middle or high schools; middle schools reported fewer unhealthy offerings than high schools. Schools requiring foodservice managers to have a college education reported more healthy preparation, whereas those requiring completion of a foodservice training program reported fewer unhealthy offerings and more healthy preparation than schools without these requirements. Conclusions and Implications: Results suggest the school nutrition environment may be improved by requiring foodservice managers to hold a nutrition-related college degree and/or successfully pass a foodservice training program, and by participating in a school-based nutrition program, such as USDA Team Nutrition. C1 [Thomson, Jessica L.] Louisiana State Univ, Agr Res Serv, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Med, Chicago, IL USA. [Martin, Corby K.] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [LeBlanc, Monique M.] SE Louisiana Univ, Dept Psychol, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. [Onufrak, Stephen J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Thomson, JL (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Agr Res Serv, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 284 Knapp Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM jessica.thomson@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service Project [6435-51000-009-00D]; National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant [K23 DK068052] FX This work was sponsored in part by the USDA Agricultural Research Service Project 6435-51000-009-00D and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant K23 DK068052 (PI: C. Martin). The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or politics of the USDA or NIH, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US government. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1499-4046 EI 1878-2620 J9 J NUTR EDUC BEHAV JI J. Nutr. Educ. Behav. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 44 IS 5 BP 423 EP 431 DI 10.1016/j.jneb.2012.01.009 PG 9 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Education & Educational Research; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 077UC UT WOS:000314052700007 PM 22963956 ER PT J AU Kimmons, J Wood, M Villarante, JC Lederer, A AF Kimmons, Joel Wood, Michelle Villarante, Jan C. Lederer, Ashley TI Adopting Healthy and Sustainable Food Service Guidelines: Emerging Evidence From Implementation at the United States Federal Government, New York City, Los Angeles County, and Kaiser Permanente SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Kimmons, Joel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wood, Michelle] RENEW Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Div Chron Dis & Injury Prevent, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Villarante, Jan C.] Kaiser Permanente, Natl Nutr Serv, Procurement & Supply, Oakland, CA USA. [Lederer, Ashley] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Nutr Strategy Program, New York, NY USA. RP Kimmons, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jkimmons@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 3 IS 5 BP 746 EP 748 DI 10.3945/an.112.002642 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 066LL UT WOS:000313222200021 PM 22983863 ER PT J AU Wang, YF Baker, JL Hil, JO Dietz, WH AF Wang, Youfa Baker, Jennifer L. Hil, James O. Dietz, William H. TI Controversies Regarding Reported Trends: Has the Obesity Epidemic Leveled Off in the United States? SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Wang, Youfa] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Johns Hopkins Global Ctr Childhood Obes, Dept Int Hlth, Ctr Human Nutr, Baltimore, MD USA. [Baker, Jennifer L.] Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Inst Prevent Med, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Hil, James O.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Human Nutr, Colorado Nutr Obes Res Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Dietz, William H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wang, YF (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Johns Hopkins Global Ctr Childhood Obes, Dept Int Hlth, Ctr Human Nutr, Baltimore, MD USA. EM ywang@jhsph.edu RI Baker, Jennifer/F-1917-2010 OI Baker, Jennifer/0000-0002-9649-6615 FU NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD064685, U54 HD070725]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK081335] NR 1 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 3 IS 5 BP 751 EP 752 DI 10.3945/an.112.002790 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 066LL UT WOS:000313222200023 PM 22983865 ER PT J AU Mabry, JE Rowe, T Blanchard, E Xu, X AF Mabry, J. E. Rowe, T. Blanchard, E. Xu, X. TI Development of a HEPA-Filtered Caging System for Ferrets: Thinking Outside the "Metal" Box SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mabry, J. E.; Rowe, T.; Blanchard, E.; Xu, X.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 51 IS 5 BP 672 EP 673 PG 2 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 067NV UT WOS:000313303300181 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, S Wilkins, P Dorny, P AF Rodriguez, Silvia Wilkins, Patricia Dorny, Pierre TI Immunological and molecular diagnosis of cysticercosis SO PATHOGENS AND GLOBAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Cysticercosis; Neurocysticercosis; Immunodiagnosis; Antibody; Antigen; Serology; Taenia solium; Western blot ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; TAENIA-SOLIUM CYSTICERCOSIS; IMMUNOELECTROTRANSFER BLOT ASSAY; INTRAVENTRICULAR HUMAN NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS; EXCRETORY-SECRETORY ANTIGENS; HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSE; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; CEREBRAL CYSTICERCOSIS; PORCINE CYSTICERCOSIS; ECHINOCOCCUS-GRANULOSUS AB Cysticercosis, the infection with the larval stage of Taenia solium, is a cause of neurological symptoms including seizures, affecting the quality of life of patients and their families. Diagnosis focuses on brain imaging and serological tests are mostly used as confirmatory tools. Most cases, however, occur in poor endemic areas, where both kinds of diagnostic tools are poorly available. Development of point of care diagnostic tests is one of the most important priorities for cysticercosis researches today. The ideal point of care test would require detection of viable cysticercosis and hopefully identify cases with severe or progressive forms of neurocysticercosis, leading to referral of the patient for specialized medical attention. This manuscript describes the evolution of the serological diagnosis of cysticercosis over time, and the characteristics of the most common currently available tools, their advantages and disadvantages, and their potential use in future diagnostic tests. C1 [Rodriguez, Silvia] Inst Nacl Ciencias Neurol, Lima 1, Peru. [Wilkins, Patricia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dorny, Pierre] Inst Trop Med, Dept Biomed Sci, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. RP Rodriguez, S (reprint author), Inst Nacl Ciencias Neurol, Jr Anchash 1271, Lima 1, Peru. EM silvia@peruresearch.org NR 181 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 17 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 2047-7724 J9 PATHOG GLOB HEALTH JI Pathog. Glob. Health PD SEP PY 2012 VL 106 IS 5 BP 286 EP 298 DI 10.1179/2047773212Y.0000000048 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 068IK UT WOS:000313359700007 PM 23265553 ER PT J AU Pavlin, BI Kozarsky, P Cetron, MS AF Pavlin, Boris I. Kozarsky, Phyllis Cetron, Marty S. TI Acute pulmonary schistosomiasis in travelers: Case report and review of the literature SO TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Review DE Katayama syndrome; Schistosoma mansoni; Bilharzia; Madagascar; Respiratory ID CIRCULATING IMMUNE-COMPLEXES; KATAYAMA-SYNDROME; ACUTE NEUROSCHISTOSOMIASIS; IMPORTED SCHISTOSOMIASIS; HAEMATOBIUM INFECTION; NONIMMUNE TRAVELERS; MANSONI INFECTION; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ORAL ARTEMETHER; WEST-AFRICA AB We report the case of an American traveler who developed acute pulmonary schistosomiasis after swimming in a lake in Madagascar, and we review the literature on acute pulmonary schistosomiasis. Schistosomiasis is one of the world's most prevalent parasitic diseases, with three species (Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma japonicum) causing the greatest burden of disease. Pulmonary manifestations may develop in infected travelers from non-endemic areas after their first exposure. The pathophysiology of acute pulmonary disease is not well-understood, but is related to immune response, particularly via inflammatory cytokines. Diagnosis of schistosomiasis may be either through identification of characteristic ova in urine or stool or through serology. Anti-inflammatory drugs can provide symptomatic relief; praziquantel, the mainstay of chronic schistosomiasis treatment, is likely not effective against acute disease; the only reliable prevention remains avoidance of contaminated freshwater in endemic areas, as there is no vaccine. Travelers who have been exposed to potentially contaminated freshwater in endemic areas should seek testing and, if infected, treatment, in order to avoid severe manifestations of acute schistosomiasis and prevent complications of chronic disease. Clinicians are reminded to elicit a detailed travel and exposure history from their patients. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Pavlin, Boris I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Appl Sci, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kozarsky, Phyllis; Cetron, Marty S.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kozarsky, Phyllis; Cetron, Marty S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Pavlin, BI (reprint author), WHO, Emerging Dis Surveillance & Response, POB 5896, Boroko, National Capita, Papua N Guinea. EM pavlinb@wpro.who.int NR 86 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1477-8939 J9 TRAVEL MED INFECT DI JI Travel Med. Infect. Dis. PD SEP-NOV PY 2012 VL 10 IS 5-6 BP 209 EP 219 DI 10.1016/j.tmaid.2012.06.001 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 059AC UT WOS:000312675800001 PM 22981182 ER PT J AU Edelson, PJ AF Edelson, Paul J. TI Patterns of measles transmission among airplane travelers SO TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; Contact investigation; Aircraft; Ventilation; Measles ID COMMERCIAL AIR-TRAVEL; UNITED-STATES; OUTBREAK; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ELIMINATION; POPULATION; AUSTRALIA; SURVIVAL; EXPOSURE; DISEASES AB With advanced air handling systems on modern aircraft and the high level of measles immunity in many countries, measles infection in air travelers may be considered a low-risk event. However, introduction of measles into countries where transmission has been controlled or eliminated can have substantial consequences both for the use of public health resources and for those still susceptible. In an effort to balance the relatively low likelihood of disease transmission among largely immune travelers and the risk to the public health of the occurrence of secondary cases resulting from importations, criteria in the United States for contact investigations for measles exposures consider contacts to be those passengers who are seated within 2 rows of the index case. However, recent work has shown that cabin air flow may not be as reliable a barrier to the spread of measles virus as previously believed. Along with these new studies, several reports have described measles developing after travel in passengers seated some distance from the index case. To understand better the potential for measles virus to spread on an airplane, reports of apparent secondary cases occurring in co-travelers of passengers with infectious cases of measles were reviewed. Medline (TM) was searched for articles in all languages from 1946 to week 1 of March 2012, using the search terms "measles [human] or rubeola" and ("aircraft" or "airplane" or "aeroplane" or "aviation" or "travel" or "traveler" or "traveller"); 45 citations were returned. Embase (TM) was searched from 1988 to week 11 2012, using the same search strategy; 95 citations were returned. Papers were included in this review if they reported secondary cases of measles occurring in persons traveling on an airplane on which a person or persons with measles also flew, and which included the seating location of both the index case(s) and the secondary case(s) on the plane. Nine reports, including 13 index cases and 23 apparent secondary cases on 10 flights, were identified in which transmission on board the aircraft appeared likely and which included seating information for both the index (primary) and secondary cases. Separation between index and secondary cases ranged from adjacent seats to 17 rows, with a median of 6 rows. Three flights had more than one index case aboard. Based on previously published data, it is not possible to say how unusual cases of measles transmission among air travelers beyond the usual zone of contact investigation (the row the index case sat in and 2 rows ahead of or behind that row) may be. The fact that several flights had more than one infectious case aboard and that all but two index cases were in the prodromal phase may be of importance in understanding the wider spread described in several of the reviewed reports. Although the pattern of cabin air flow typical of modern commercial aircraft has been considered highly effective in limiting the airborne spread of microorganisms, concerns have been raised about relying on the operation of these systems to determine exposure risk, as turbulence in the cabin air stream is generated when passengers and crew are aboard, allowing the transmission of infectious agents over many rows. Additionally, the characteristics of some index cases may reflect a greater likelihood of disease transmission. Investigators should continue to examine carefully both aircraft and index-case factors that may influence disease transmission and could serve as indicators on a case-by-case basis to include a broader group of travelers in a contact investigation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Edelson, Paul J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Edelson, PJ (reprint author), JFK Int Airport, CDC New York Quarantine Stn, Jamaica, NY 11430 USA. EM dou9@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported in its entirety by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. There were no outside sponsors. NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1477-8939 J9 TRAVEL MED INFECT DI JI Travel Med. Infect. Dis. PD SEP-NOV PY 2012 VL 10 IS 5-6 BP 230 EP 235 DI 10.1016/j.tmaid.2012.10.003 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 059AC UT WOS:000312675800004 PM 23127863 ER PT J AU Mack, KA Freire, K Marr, A AF Mack, Karin A. Freire, Kimberley Marr, Angela TI The National Center for Injury Prevention and Control on its 20th Anniversary: A safe future and the importance of 20 SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE injury prevention; violence prevention; drug overdoses; motor vehicle safety; child maltreatment; traumatic brain injury AB In recognition of NCIPCs role in creating a safer world, we brought together 20 contributions for this Journal of Safety Research Anniversary Supplement that represents the breadth of our work while acknowledging that we cannot truly represent the depth of the work over the past two decades. The Center's current focal and cross-cutting areas are highlighted in the articles of this Supplement and cover a range of activities from violence prevention, unintentional injury, to acute care and rehabilitation. The Supplement also contains contributions from partners and highlights the resources of the Center. National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mack, Karin A.; Freire, Kimberley; Marr, Angela] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Mack, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kmack@cdc.gov RI Mack, Karin/A-3263-2012 OI Mack, Karin/0000-0001-9274-3001 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 4 BP 229 EP 230 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2012.08.015 PG 2 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 042JE UT WOS:000311466700002 PM 23127670 ER PT J AU Degutis, LC AF Degutis, Linda C. TI The future of injury and violence prevention: Where are we going? SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB As we are celebrating the 20th anniversary of the National Center for Injury Prevention (NCIPC) and Control at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), we are looking at the possibilities for progress in the next decade and beyond. We face many challenges, but through collaboration, innovation and creativity, we can meet the challenges ahead and ensure that the field of injury and violence prevention continues to work toward the goal of allowing people to live their lives injury and violence free. National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Degutis, LC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ldegutis@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 4 BP 231 EP 232 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2012.08.001 PG 2 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 042JE UT WOS:000311466700003 PM 23127671 ER PT J AU Sleet, DA Baldwin, G Marr, A Spivak, H Patterson, S Morrison, C Holmes, W Peeples, AB Degutis, LC AF Sleet, David A. Baldwin, Grant Marr, Angela Spivak, Howard Patterson, Sara Morrison, Christine Holmes, Wendy Peeples, Amy B. Degutis, Linda C. TI History of Injury and Violence as public health problems and emergence of the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control at CDC SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE injury; violence prevention; injury control; NCIPC; CDC; History of public health; Accident prevention ID MEDICAL-SERVICES SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; ACCIDENTS; SAFETY AB Injuries and violence are among the oldest health problems facing humans. Only within the past 50 years, however, has the problem been addressed with scientific rigor using public health methods. The field of injury control began as early as 1913, but wasn't approached systematically or epidemiologically until the 1940s and 1950s. It accelerated rapidly between 1960 and 1985. Coupled with active federal and state interest in reducing injuries and violence, this period was marked by important medical, scientific, and public health advances. The National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC) was an outgrowth of this progress and in 2012 celebrated its 20th anniversary. NCIPC was created in 1992 after a series of government reports identified injury as one of the most important public health problems facing the nation. Congressional action provided the impetus for the creation of NCIPC as the lead federal agency for non-occupational injury and violence prevention. In subsequent years, NCIPC and its partners fostered many advances and built strong capacity. Because of the tragically high burden and cost of injuries and violence in the United States and around the globe, researchers, practitioners, and decision makers will need to redouble prevention efforts in the next 20 years. This article traces the history of injury and violence prevention as a public health priority - including the evolution and current structure of the CDC's National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sleet, David A.] CDC, DUIP, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Sleet, DA (reprint author), CDC, DUIP, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dds6@cdc.gov NR 73 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 4 BP 233 EP 247 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2012.09.002 PG 15 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 042JE UT WOS:000311466700004 PM 23127672 ER PT J AU Greenspan, AI Noonan, RK AF Greenspan, Arlene I. Noonan, Rita K. TI Twenty years of scientific progress in injury and violence research and the next public health frontier SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Injury; Violence; Translation; Surveillance; Prevention ID CHILD MALTREATMENT; UNITED-STATES; INTERVENTIONS; PREVENTION; FRAMEWORK; INCREASE; REVIEWS AB The establishment of the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC or Injury Center) in 1992 as part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) firmly established the Injury Center as the lead federal agency for non-occupational injury prevention and control (Sleet et al., 2012). Since then, it has provided leadership and a strong scientific base for intramural and extramural-investigator funded injury research. The Injury Center's scientific mission encompasses efforts from primary prevention to treatment and rehabilitation. Early CDC efforts were primarily focused on describing the extent of the problem, identifying risk and protective factors that affect the extent of violence and injury in our society, and gaining visibility for violence and injury as a major public health problem. Efforts such as the development of injury-based surveillance systems provided population-based surveillance data regarding the extent and distribution of fatal and non-fatal injuries, helped to identify demographic characteristics for those who were most at risk, and identified risk and protective factors that influence that risk. Celebrating the Injury Center's 20th anniversary presents an opportunity not only to reflect on past accomplishments but also to look ahead at what still needs to be done. National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Greenspan, Arlene I.; Noonan, Rita K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Greenspan, AI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM AGreenspan@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 4 BP 249 EP 255 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2012.08.005 PG 7 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 042JE UT WOS:000311466700005 PM 23127673 ER PT J AU Kress, HC Noonan, R Freire, K Marr, A Olson, A AF Kress, Howard C. Noonan, Rita Freire, Kimberley Marr, Angela Olson, Acasia TI Top 20 violence and injury practice innovations since 1992 SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Injury prevention; Innovation; Implementation; Violence prevention; Prevention spectrum ID POSITIVE PARENTING PROGRAM; TRAUMA-CENTER; METAANALYSIS; MORTALITY; HELMETS; SAFETY; US AB This article presents what the authors consider to be among the top 20 practice innovations since the inception of the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control in 1992. The innovations embody various characteristics of successful public health programs and have contributed to declines in violence, motor vehicle, residential fire, and other injury rates over the past 20 years. Taken together, these innovations have reduced the burden of violence and injury and have influenced current practice and practitioners in the United States and worldwide. National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kress, Howard C.; Noonan, Rita; Freire, Kimberley; Marr, Angela; Olson, Acasia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kress, HC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM HKress@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 4 BP 257 EP 263 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2012.08.002 PG 7 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 042JE UT WOS:000311466700006 PM 23127674 ER PT J AU Kone, RG Zurick, E Patterson, S Peeples, A AF Kone, Rebecca Greco Zurick, Elizabeth Patterson, Sara Peeples, Amy TI Injury and violence prevention policy: Celebrating our successes, protecting our future SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Policy; Injury; Violence; Prevention; Public health AB Policy strategies for injury and violence prevention influence systems development, organizational change, social norms, and individual behavior to improve the health and safety of a population. Injury and violence prevention professionals should consider how their issues resonate with various audiences, including policy makers, the public, and other decision makers. As the cost of healthcare continues to rise and greater demands are placed on the healthcare system, the use of public health policy becomes increasingly critical to protect the public's health and prevent injury and violence and its related morbidities and disabilities (Degutis, 2011). This article highlights some impactful policy successes from the field, allows us to reflect on the Injury Center's 20th anniversary, and describes steps to address injuries and violence into the future. The purpose of this paper is to discuss policy as a public health strategy and the critical role it plays in injury and violence prevention. National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kone, Rebecca Greco; Zurick, Elizabeth; Patterson, Sara; Peeples, Amy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Kone, RG (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ftm1@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 4 BP 265 EP 270 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2012.08.003 PG 6 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 042JE UT WOS:000311466700007 PM 23127675 ER PT J AU Mahendra, RR Roehler, DR Degutis, LC AF Mahendra, Reshma R. Roehler, Douglas R. Degutis, Linda C. TI NCIPC's contribution to global injury and violence prevention: Past, present, and future SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Global; Injury; Violence; CDC; NCIPC ID CHILDHOOD SEXUAL-ABUSE; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; INTIMATE PARTNER; CONSEQUENCES; GENDER AB Injuries and violence impact millions across the globe each year. For the past 20 years, the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC) at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has assembled the largest cadre of injury and violence prevention experts in the world to reduce the burden of injuries and violence domestically and to inform global injury and violence prevention efforts. This article focuses on NCIPC's global injury and violence prevention work that involves: increasing awareness of the preventability of injury and violence, partnerships to promote injury research and best practices; establishing standards and guidance for data collection; building capacity through training and mentoring; and supporting evidence-based strategies. To decrease the global burden, the authors propose priority setting to maximize the development and sustainability of financial and human resources for injury and violence prevention. Impact on Industry: The authors call for increased capacity and resources for global injury and violence prevention. National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mahendra, Reshma R.; Roehler, Douglas R.; Degutis, Linda C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Roehler, Douglas R.] McNeal Profess Serv, Kennesaw, GA USA. [Roehler, Douglas R.] Written Contract Columbus Technol & Serv, El Segundo, CA USA. RP Mahendra, RR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM RMahendra@cdc.gov; DRoehler@cdc.gov; LDegutis@cdc.gov NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 4 BP 271 EP 277 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2012.08.006 PG 7 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 042JE UT WOS:000311466700008 PM 23127676 ER PT J AU Dellinger, AM Sleet, DA AF Dellinger, Ann M. Sleet, David A. TI From modest beginnings to a winnable battle: Road safety efforts at CDC's Injury Center SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE road safety; injury prevention; safety; motor vehicle ID REDUCING DRINKING; CRASHES AB There are now more than 200 million licensed drivers, who drive an average of 13,000 miles per year on 4 million miles of roads. In 2010 crashes resulted in nearly 33,000 deaths and millions of nonfatal injuries. This article describes the Injury Center's response to this public health threat from our beginnings as a small Center in 1992, current motor vehicle injury prevention priorities, and emerging road safety issues that will need attention in the future. National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Dellinger, Ann M.; Sleet, David A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dellinger, AM (reprint author), CDC NCIPC, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM adellinger@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 4 BP 279 EP 282 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2012.08.004 PG 4 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 042JE UT WOS:000311466700009 PM 23127677 ER PT J AU Paulozzi, LJ AF Paulozzi, Leonard J. TI Prescription drug overdoses: A review SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Opioid; Overdose; Prescription; Poisoning; Surveillance ID UNITED-STATES; OPIOID ANALGESICS; CHRONIC PAIN; INCREASING DEATHS; HEROIN OVERDOSE; ABUSE; ASSOCIATION; MORTALITY; CARISOPRODOL; POPULATION AB Problem. Overdoses involving prescription drugs in the United States have reached epidemic proportions over the past 20 years. Methods. This review categorizes and summarizes literature on the topic dating from the first published reports through 2011 using a traditional epidemiologic model of host, agent, and environment. Results. Host factors include male sex, middle age, non-Hispanic white race, low income, and mental health problems. Agent risk factors include use of opioid analgesics and benzodiazepines, high prescribed dosage for opioid analgesics, multiple prescriptions, and multiple prescribers. Environmental factors include rural residence and high community prescribing rates. Discussion. The epidemiology of prescription drug overdoses differs from the epidemiology of illicit drug overdoses. Incomplete understanding of prescription overdoses impedes prevention efforts. Summary. This epidemic demands additional attention from injury professionals. National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, CDC El Paso Quarantine Stn, El Paso, TX 79912 USA. RP Paulozzi, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, CDC El Paso Quarantine Stn, 601 Sunland Pk Dr,Suite 200, El Paso, TX 79912 USA. EM lbp4@cdc.gov NR 66 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 2 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 4 BP 283 EP 289 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2012.08.009 PG 7 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 042JE UT WOS:000311466700010 PM 23127678 ER PT J AU Tharp, AT Simon, TR Saul, J AF Tharp, Andra Teten Simon, Thomas R. Saul, Janet TI Preventing violence against children and youth SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Interpersonal violence; Prevention; Children; Youth; Healthy relationships ID ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; POSITIVE PARENTING PROGRAM; DATING VIOLENCE; SAFE DATES; UNITED-STATES; BEHAVIOR; ABUSE; VICTIMIZATION; PERPETRATION; MALTREATMENT AB The National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC) has a focus on preventing interpersonal violence against children and youth. Prevention of violence against children and youth involves fostering healthy relationships and building healthy environments in which young people can flourish. We review NCIPC's work over the past 20 years that has contributed to this goal by highlighting surveillance systems that identify the magnitude of violence, etiological research that identifies risk and protective factors that are associated with violence, evaluation research that has expanded the evidence base of what works to prevent violence, and comprehensive, broad-based programs that engage and empower communities to prevent violence. NCIPC's work demonstrates that violence is preventable and the Center is working to move the promise of effective prevention into practice. These efforts all work toward protecting the health and well-being of children and youth and set the stage for NCIPC's future work. National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Tharp, Andra Teten; Simon, Thomas R.; Saul, Janet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Tharp, AT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM atharp@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 4 BP 291 EP 298 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2012.08.014 PG 8 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 042JE UT WOS:000311466700011 PM 23127679 ER PT J AU Coronado, VG McGuire, LC Sarmiento, K Bell, J Lionbarger, MR Jones, CD Geller, AI Khoury, N Xu, LK AF Coronado, Victor G. McGuire, Lisa C. Sarmiento, Kelly Bell, Jeneita Lionbarger, Michael R. Jones, Christopher D. Geller, Andrew I. Khoury, Nayla Xu, Likang TI Trends in Traumatic Brain Injury in the US and the public health response: 1995-2009 SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Traumatic brain injury; Surveillance; Trends; Prevention; Congressional mandates ID DEATH CERTIFICATE COMPLETION; UNITED-STATES; POPULATION; MILD; ACCURACY; SURVEILLANCE; HOSPITALIZATION; OUTCOMES; ERRORS; NEED AB Problem: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a public health problem in the United States. In 2009, approximately 3.5 million patients with a TBI listed as primary or secondary diagnosis were hospitalized and discharged alive (N = 300,667) or were treated and released from emergency departments (EDs; N = 2,077,350), outpatient departments (ODs; N = 83,857), and office-based physicians (OB-P; N = 1,079,338). In addition, 52,695 died with one or more TBI-related diagnoses. Methods: Federal TBI-related laws that have guided CDC since 1996 were reviewed. Trends in TBI were obtained by analyzing data from nationally representative surveys conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). Findings: CDC has developed and is implementing a strategy to reduce the burden of TBI in the United States. Currently, 20 states have TBI surveillance and prevention systems. From 1995-2009, the TBI rates per 100,000 population increased in EDs (434.1 vs. 686.0) and OB-Ps (234.6 vs. 352.3); and decreased in ODs (42.6 vs. 28.1) and in TBI-related deaths (19.9 vs. 16.6). TBI Hospitalizations decreased from 95.5 in 1995 to 77.9 in 2000 and increased to 95.7 in 2009. Conclusions: The rates of TBI have increased since 1995 for ED and PO visits. To reduce of the burden and mitigate the impact of TBI in the United States, an improved state- and territory-specific TBI surveillance system that accurately measures burden and includes information on the acute and long-term outcomes of TBI is needed. National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Coronado, Victor G.; McGuire, Lisa C.; Sarmiento, Kelly; Bell, Jeneita; Lionbarger, Michael R.; Jones, Christopher D.; Xu, Likang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Injury Response, Atlanta, GA USA. [Geller, Andrew I.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Coronado, VG (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vgc1@cdc.gov NR 82 TC 109 Z9 110 U1 6 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 4 BP 299 EP 307 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2012.08.011 PG 9 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 042JE UT WOS:000311466700012 PM 23127680 ER PT J AU Cook-Craig, PG Recktenwald, EA Millspaugh, PH Lang, KS AF Cook-Craig, Patricia G. Recktenwald, Eileen A. Millspaugh, Phyllis H. Lang, Karen S. TI Laying tracks of hope: Kentucky's involvement in the EMPOWER program SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material DE Sexual violence; Empowerment evaluation; Primary prevention; Evaluation planning; EMPOWER Program C1 [Cook-Craig, Patricia G.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Recktenwald, Eileen A.] Kentucky Assoc Sexual Assault Programs, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Millspaugh, Phyllis H.] Kentucky Cabinet Hlth & Family Serv, Dept Community Based Serv, Frankfort, KY 40621 USA. [Lang, Karen S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Cook-Craig, PG (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, 629 Patterson Off Tower, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM patty.cook@uky.edu; erecktenwald@kasap.org; Phyllis.Millspaugh@ky.gov; klang@cdc.gov NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 4 BP 313 EP 314 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2012.08.016 PG 2 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 042JE UT WOS:000311466700014 PM 23127683 ER PT J AU Ryan, O Macom, J Moses-Eisenstein, M AF Ryan, Owen Macom, John Moses-Eisenstein, Michelle TI Demand for programs for key populations in Africa from countries receiving international donor assistance SO SAHARA J-JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ASPECTS OF HIV-AIDS LA English DT Article DE PEPFAR; Global Fund; key population; MSM; IDU; SW ID MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; INJECT DRUGS; HIV; SEX; PEOPLE; MEN AB There has been increasing attention in recent years to the HIV prevention, treatment, and care needs of key populations in Africa, in particular men who have sex with men (MSM), injection drug users (IDU), and female sex workers (FSW). While several major donors have undertaken efforts to prioritize these groups, it remains unclear which African countries are actively seeking donor support for these programs. For this analysis, we reviewed publicly available proposal and budget documentation from the US PEPFAR for fiscal years 2007 through 2010 and Rounds 1 through 10 of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria for 40 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Of the 164 searchable documents retrieved, nearly two-thirds contained at least one program serving FSW (65%, 107 proposals), less than one-third contained at least one program serving MSM (29%, 47 proposals), and a minority proposed programming for IDU (13%, 21 proposals). Demand for these programs was highly concentrated in a subset of countries. Epidemiological data for at least one key population was included in a majority of these proposals (63%, 67 proposals), but in many cases these data were not linked to programs. C1 [Ryan, Owen] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. [Moses-Eisenstein, Michelle] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM owen.ryan@amfar.org NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SA MEDICAL ASSOC HEALTH & MEDICAL PUBL GROUP PI CLAREMONT PA 21 DREYER ST, 4TH FLOOR, SANCLARE BLDG, CLAREMONT, 7700, SOUTH AFRICA SN 1729-0376 J9 SAHARA J-J SOC ASP H JI Sahara J-J. Soc. Asp. HIV/AIDS PD SEP PY 2012 VL 9 IS 3 SI SI BP 131 EP 136 DI 10.1080/17290376.2012.744190 PG 6 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 046QN UT WOS:000311779600002 PM 23237067 ER PT J AU Scheifele, PM Johnson, MT Byrne, DC Clark, JG Vandlik, A Kretschmer, LW Sonstrom, KE AF Scheifele, Peter M. Johnson, Michael T. Byrne, David C. Clark, John G. Vandlik, Ashley Kretschmer, Laura W. Sonstrom, Kristine E. TI Noise impacts from professional dog grooming forced-air dryers SO NOISE & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Dryer noise; Hearing protection; Service occupations ID EXPOSURE AB This study was designed to measure the sound output of four commonly used brands of forced-air dryers used by dog groomers in the United States. Many dog groomers have questions about the effect of this exposure on their hearing, as well as on the hearing of the dogs that are being groomed. Readings taken from each dryer at 1 meter (the likely distance of the dryer from the groomer and the dog) showed average levels ranging from 105.5 to 108.3 dB SPL or 94.8 to 108.0 dBA. Using the 90 dBA criterion required by the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration, dog groomers/bathers are at risk if exposure to the lowest intensity dryer (94.8 dBA) exceeds 4 hours per day. If the more stringent 85 dBA criterion and 3 dB tradeoff is applied, less than one hour of exposure is permissible in an 8 hour day. Cautions are recommended for any persons exposed to noise from forced-air dryers. C1 [Scheifele, Peter M.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Allied Hlth Sci, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Johnson, Michael T.] Marquette Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Byrne, David C.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Scheifele, PM (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Allied Hlth Sci, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 345A French E Bldg,3202 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. EM scheifpr@ucmail.uc.edu OI Sonstrom, Kristine/0000-0003-3612-8535 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS & MEDIA PVT LTD PI MUMBAI PA B-9, KANARA BUSINESS CENTRE, OFF LINK RD, GHAKTOPAR-E, MUMBAI, 400075, INDIA SN 1463-1741 J9 NOISE HEALTH JI Noise Health PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 14 IS 60 BP 224 EP 226 DI 10.4103/1463-1741.102958 PG 3 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 044HL UT WOS:000311610100002 PM 23117536 ER PT J AU Sentell, TL He, GZ Gregg, EW Schillinger, D AF Sentell, Tetine L. He, Guozhong Gregg, Edward W. Schillinger, Dean TI RACIAL/ETHNIC VARIATION IN PREVALENCE ESTIMATES FOR UNITED STATES PREDIABETES UNDER ALTERNATIVE 2010 AMERICAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION CRITERIA: 1988-2008 SO ETHNICITY & DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Prediabetes; Minority Groups; Minority Health; Health Status Disparities ID IMPAIRED FASTING GLUCOSE; HEMOGLOBIN A(1C); US POPULATION; DISPARITIES; DIAGNOSIS; CARE AB Objective: To compare the racial/ethnic variation in United States prediabetes prevalence estimates for alternative prediabetes definitions currently approved by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) across 20 years and in detailed multivariate comparisons. Design: Using nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1988-2008, we compared trends in the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glycated hemoglobin (IGH) for non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic White, and Mexican American/other Hispanic adults. Using NHANES 2005-2008, we compared prevalence by race/ethnicity in more detail for the three current ADA prediabetes definitions - IFG, IGH, and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) - controlling for associated factors (education, income, weight, age, sex). Results: Prediabetes prevalence during the last 20 years was consistently significantly lower among non-Hispanic Blacks compared to non-Hispanic Whites when measured by IFG, but was significantly higher among non-Hispanic Blacks when measured by IGH. In adjusted models, non-Hispanic Blacks were significantly more likely than non-Hispanic Whites to have IGH (OR: 2.22; 95% CI: 1.33-3.70) and less likely to have IFG (OR: 0.46; 0.30-0.73) or IGT (OR: 0.35; 0.24-0.50), but Mexican American/other Hispanic rates did not differ significantly from non-Hispanic White rates. However, rates of prediabetes, when defined by any of three individual diagnostic criteria, were not statistically significantly different across groups (36.8% for non-Hispanic Whites, 36.0% AA, 37.3% Mexican American/other Hispanics). Conclusions: National prediabetes prevalence estimates vary dramatically across racial/ethnic groups according to diagnostic method, though over 35% in all three racial/ethnic groups met at least one ADA diagnostic criteria for prediabetes. (Ethn Dis. 2012;22[4]:451-458) C1 [Sentell, Tetine L.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Off Publ Hlth Studies, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [He, Guozhong] Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Hlth & Aging, San Francisco, CA USA. [Gregg, Edward W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schillinger, Dean] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Gen Internal Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Schillinger, Dean] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Vulnerable Populat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Schillinger, Dean] San Francisco Gen Hosp, San Francisco, CA USA. RP He, GZ (reprint author), 1616 Capitol Ave,MS 7211, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. EM guozhong.he@gmail.com FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention grant [5U58DP 002007-03]; Health Delivery Systems Center for Diabetes Translational Research (HDS-CDTR) (NIDDK) [1P30-DK092924] FX Dr. He was funded by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention grant #5U58DP 002007-03. This activity was also supported, in part, by the Health Delivery Systems Center for Diabetes Translational Research (HDS-CDTR) (NIDDK grant 1P30-DK092924). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT SOC HYPERTENSION BLACKS-ISHIB PI ATLANTA PA 100 AUBURN AVE NE STE 401, ATLANTA, GA 30303-2527 USA SN 1049-510X J9 ETHNIC DIS JI Ethn. Dis. PD FAL PY 2012 VL 22 IS 4 BP 451 EP 458 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 030GQ UT WOS:000310559400010 PM 23140076 ER PT J AU Imhoff-Kunsch, B Flores, R Dary, O Martorell, R AF Imhoff-Kunsch, Beth Flores, Rafael Dary, Omar Martorell, Reynaldo TI Methods of using Household Consumption and Expenditures Survey (HCES) data to estimate the potential nutritional impact of fortified staple foods SO FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Fortification; Household Consumption and Expenditures Surveys; micronutrients; nutrition; staple foods ID FORTIFICATION; GUATEMALA AB Background. Micronutrient malnutrition, caused largely by inadequate dietary intake, is a global public health problem that adversely affects health, child growth and development, work capacity, and quality of life. Mass fortification of widely consumed edible products has the potential to increase micronutrient intakes and thus alleviate some nutritional deficiencies. Although individual-level data about food consumption patterns are ideal for informing the design of food fortification programs, they are often unavailable. Household Consumption and Expenditures Surveys (HCES) are nationally representative cross-sectional surveys conducted over a 12-month period every 2 to 5 years, primarily to characterize household expenditures. Objective. We describe how expenditure data from HCES can serve as a proxy for household food consumption and thus aid in choosing which foods to fortify and in determining how much of a micronutrient to add to that food. Methods. We describe methods of using HCES data to characterize apparent food consumption patterns among different strata within a population. Results. There are several limitations of using HCES data to describe apparent food consumption. HCES do not directly capture information about true food intake, but rather describe food expenditures. We assume that purchased foods are not shared with guests, wasted, fed to animals, gifted, or stockpiled for later use. We also assume that foods are allocated within each household based on energy needs. Conclusions. Despite the limitations of using HCES data to estimate apparent food consumption, the dearth of individual-level data about food intake renders HCES data useful in designing food fortification programs. C1 [Imhoff-Kunsch, Beth] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Dary, Omar] Abt Associates Inc, Bethesda, MD USA. [Flores, Rafael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Imhoff-Kunsch, B (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, 1599 Clifton Rd,NE GHI Rm 6-431, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM beth.imhoffkunsch@gmail.com NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT NUTRITION FOUNDATION PI BOSTON PA 150 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0379-5721 J9 FOOD NUTR BULL JI Food Nutr. Bull. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 33 IS 3 SU S BP S185 EP S189 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 024LW UT WOS:000310111700006 PM 23193769 ER PT J AU Xu, AQ Xu, Q Fang, XQ Bialek, S Wang, CB AF Xu, Aiqiang Xu, Qing Fang, Xueqiang Bialek, Stephanie Wang, Chengbin TI Varicella vaccine uptake in Shandong province, China SO HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE varicella; chickenpox; vaccine; uptake; coverage ID COVERAGE AB Varicella vaccine has been licensed in China for decade to be used as single dose in children aged >= 12 mo of age in private sector. Little data were available on varicella uptake to date in China yet. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shandong Province in May 2011 to examine varicella vaccination coverage among children aged 16-40 mo and examine factors associated with varicella vaccine uptake. The overall coverage among children eligible for varicella vaccine was 62% (range 16.7-94.7% by county), much lower than the coverage of the eight vaccines included in the national immunization program (all above 97%). Though proximity to immunization services (< 5 km) was linked with higher vaccine uptake (62.6 vs. 37.4%, p = 0.02), county-level economic development (77.8, 61.0 and 47.1% for developed, sub-developed and developing regions, respectively, p < 0.001) played an even more important role in varicella vaccination. Moreover, there was little variation in coverage of vaccines included in the national immunization program along with county-level economic development. Even though varicella vaccine uptake is relatively high for use on a private basis, the vaccination coverage is not high enough to prevent epidemiology shift to adolescents and adults who are more prone to develop severe outcomes to varicella. Further enhancement on varicella vaccination coverage is necessary and inclusion to national immunization program seems to be a promising option for achieving and maintaining high coverage. C1 [Bialek, Stephanie; Wang, Chengbin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Xu, Aiqiang; Xu, Qing; Fang, Xueqiang] Shandong Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Jinan, Peoples R China. RP Wang, CB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM CWang1@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 2164-5515 J9 HUM VACC IMMUNOTHER JI Human Vaccines Immunother. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 8 IS 9 BP 1213 EP 1217 DI 10.4161/hv.20722 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 030OM UT WOS:000310580000015 PM 22894966 ER PT J AU Brown, LG Wigington, PS AF Brown, Laura Green Wigington, Pamela S. TI Plain Language Summaries: New EHS-Net Tool to Share Our Published Findings SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material AB NEHA strives to provide up-to-date and relevant information on environmental health and to build partnerships in the profession. In pursuit of these goals, we feature a column from the Environmental Health Services Branch (EHSB) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in every issue of the Journal. In this column, EHSB and guest authors from across CDC will highlight a variety of concerns, opportunities, challenges, and successes that we all share in environmental public health. EHSB's objective is to strengthen the role of state, local, and national environmental health programs and professionals to anticipate, identify, and respond to adverse environmental exposures and the consequences of these exposures for human health. The services being developed through EHSB include access to topical, relevant, and scientific information; consultation; and assistance to environmental health specialists, sanitarians, and environmental health professionals and practitioners. The conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC. Laura Green Brown is a behavioral scientist with the EHSB. She helps the branch's Environmental Health Specialists Network (EHS-Net) with the design and implementation of restaurant food safety studies. Pamela S. Wigington is the lead health communications specialist in the Division of Emergency and Environmental Health Services. She helps program staff identify communication priorities, implement communication strategies, and communicate with varied audiences. C1 [Brown, Laura Green] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Brown, LG (reprint author), Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lrgreen@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD SEP PY 2012 VL 75 IS 2 BP 30 EP 31 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 031OR UT WOS:000310652100006 PM 22984733 ER PT J AU Alter, HJ Mikovits, JA Switzer, WM Ruscetti, FW Lo, SC Klimas, N Komaroff, AL Montoya, JG Bateman, L Levine, S Peterson, D Levin, B Hanson, MR Genfi, A Bhat, M Zheng, HQ Wang, R Li, BJ Hung, GC Lee, LL Sameroff, S Heneine, W Coffin, J Hornig, M Lipkin, WI AF Alter, Harvey J. Mikovits, Judy A. Switzer, William M. Ruscetti, Francis W. Lo, Shyh-Ching Klimas, Nancy Komaroff, Anthony L. Montoya, Jose G. Bateman, Lucinda Levine, Susan Peterson, Daniel Levin, Bruce Hanson, Maureen R. Genfi, Afia Bhat, Meera Zheng, HaoQiang Wang, Richard Li, Bingjie Hung, Guo-Chiuan Lee, Li Ling Sameroff, Stephen Heneine, Walid Coffin, John Hornig, Mady Lipkin, W. Ian TI A Multicenter Blinded Analysis Indicates No Association between Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and either Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus or Polytropic Murine Leukemia Virus SO MBIO LA English DT Article ID RETROVIRUS XMRV; UNITED-STATES; MOUSE DNA; BLOOD; SEQUENCES; FAILURE; ABSENCE; CELLS; CONTAMINATION; INFECTION AB The disabling disorder known as chronic fatigue syndrome or myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) has been linked in two independent studies to infection with xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) and polytropic murine leukemia virus (pMLV). Although the associations were not confirmed in subsequent studies by other investigators, patients continue to question the consensus of the scientific community in rejecting the validity of the association. Here we report blinded analysis of peripheral blood from a rigorously characterized, geographically diverse population of 147 patients with CFS/ME and 146 healthy subjects by the investigators describing the original association. This analysis reveals no evidence of either XMRV or pMLV infection. IMPORTANCE Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis has an estimated prevalence of 42/10,000 in the United States, with annual direct medical costs of $7 billion. Here, the original investigators who found XMRV and pMLV (polytropic murine leukemia virus) in blood of subjects with this disorder report that this association is not confirmed in a blinded analysis of samples from rigorously characterized subjects. The increasing frequency with which molecular methods are used for pathogen discovery poses new challenges to public health and support of science. It is imperative that strategies be developed to rapidly and coherently address discoveries so that they can be carried forward for translation to clinical medicine or abandoned to focus resource investment more productively. Our study provides a paradigm for pathogen dediscovery that may be helpful to others working in this field. C1 [Genfi, Afia; Bhat, Meera; Sameroff, Stephen; Hornig, Mady; Lipkin, W. Ian] Columbia Univ, Ctr Infect & Immun, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Coffin, John] Tufts Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Microbiol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Alter, Harvey J.; Wang, Richard] NIH, Dept Transfus Med, Warren G Magnuson Clin Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Switzer, William M.; Zheng, HaoQiang; Heneine, Walid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mikovits, Judy A.] Mikovits Consulting, Oxnard, CA USA. [Ruscetti, Francis W.] Frederick Natl Lab Canc Res, Canc & Inflammat Program, Frederick, MD USA. [Lo, Shyh-Ching; Li, Bingjie; Hung, Guo-Chiuan] US FDA, Tissue Safety Lab, Off Cellular Tissue & Gene Therapies, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20014 USA. [Klimas, Nancy] Nova SE Univ, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Klimas, Nancy] Miami Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Miami, FL USA. [Montoya, Jose G.] Stanford Univ, Infect Dis Clin, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Komaroff, Anthony L.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Bateman, Lucinda] Fatigue Consultat Clin, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Levine, Susan] Levine Clin, New York, NY USA. [Peterson, Daniel] Simmaron Res Inst, Incline Village, NV USA. [Levin, Bruce] Columbia Univ, Dept Biostat, New York, NY USA. [Hanson, Maureen R.; Lee, Li Ling] Cornell Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Lipkin, WI (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Ctr Infect & Immun, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM wil2001@columbia.edu OI Hanson, Maureen/0000-0001-8141-3058 FU National Institutes of Health [AI1057158] FX This study was funded by National Institutes of Health award AI1057158 (NBC-Lipkin). NR 39 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 2150-7511 J9 MBIO JI mBio PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 3 IS 5 AR e00266-12 DI 10.1128/mBio.00266-12 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 030QK UT WOS:000310585000015 ER PT J AU Wattam, AR Inzana, TJ Williams, KP Mane, SP Shukla, M Almeida, NF Dickerman, AW Mason, S Moriyon, I O'Callaghan, D Whatmore, AM Sobral, BW Tiller, RV Hoffmaster, AR Frace, MA De Castro, C Molinaro, A Boyle, SM De, BK Setubala, JC AF Wattam, Alice R. Inzana, Thomas J. Williams, Kelly P. Mane, Shrinivasrao P. Shukla, Maulik Almeida, Nalvo F. Dickerman, Allan W. Mason, Steven Moriyon, Ignacio O'Callaghan, David Whatmore, Adrian M. Sobral, Bruno W. Tiller, Rebekah V. Hoffmaster, Alex R. Frace, Michael A. De Castro, Cristina Molinaro, Antonio Boyle, Stephen M. De, Barun K. Setubala, Joao C. TI Comparative Genomics of Early-Diverging Brucella Strains Reveals a Novel Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis Pathway SO MBIO LA English DT Article ID VOLE MICROTUS-ARVALIS; O-ANTIGEN; OCHROBACTRUM-ANTHROPI; GENE-TRANSFER; IDENTIFICATION; HETEROGENEITY; PINNIPEDIALIS; MACROPHAGES; INFECTION; EVOLUTION AB Brucella species are Gram-negative bacteria that infect mammals. Recently, two unusual strains (Brucella inopinata BO1(T) and B. inopinata-like BO2) have been isolated from human patients, and their similarity to some atypical brucellae isolated from Australian native rodent species was noted. Here we present a phylogenomic analysis of the draft genome sequences of BO1(T) and BO2 and of the Australian rodent strains 83-13 and NF2653 that shows that they form two groups well separated from the other sequenced Brucella spp. Several important differences were noted. Both BO1(T) and BO2 did not agglutinate significantly when live or inactivated cells were exposed to monospecific A and Mantisera against O-side chain sugars composed of N-formyl-perosamine. While BO1(T) maintained the genes required to synthesize a typical Brucella O-antigen, BO2 lacked many of these genes but still produced a smooth LPS (lipopolysaccharide). Most missing genes were found in the wbk region involved in O-antigen synthesis in classic smooth Brucella spp. In their place, BO2 carries four genes that other bacteria use for making a rhamnose-based O-antigen. Electrophoretic, immunoblot, and chemical analyses showed that BO2 carries an antigenically different O-antigen made of repeating hexose-rich oligosaccharide units that made the LPS water-soluble, which contrasts with the homopolymeric O-antigen of other smooth brucellae that have a phenol-soluble LPS. The results demonstrate the existence of a group of early-diverging brucellae with traits that depart significantly from those of the Brucella species described thus far. IMPORTANCE This report examines differences between genomes from four new Brucella strains and those from the classic Brucella spp. Our results show that the four new strains are outliers with respect to the previously known Brucella strains and yet are part of the genus, forming two new clades. The analysis revealed important information about the evolution and survival mechanisms of Brucella species, helping reshape our knowledge of this important zoonotic pathogen. One discovery of special importance is that one of the strains, BO2, produces an O-antigen distinct from any that has been seen in any other Brucella isolates to date. C1 [Inzana, Thomas J.; Boyle, Stephen M.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Ctr Mol Med & Infect Dis, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Wattam, Alice R.; Mane, Shrinivasrao P.; Shukla, Maulik; Dickerman, Allan W.; Mason, Steven; Sobral, Bruno W.; Setubala, Joao C.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Williams, Kelly P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. [Almeida, Nalvo F.] Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Fac Comp, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. [Moriyon, Ignacio] Univ Navarra, Inst Salud Trop, E-31080 Pamplona, Spain. [Moriyon, Ignacio] Univ Navarra, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, E-31080 Pamplona, Spain. [O'Callaghan, David] INSERM, UFR Med, U1047, Nimes, France. [O'Callaghan, David] Univ Montpellier I, UFR Med, Nimes, France. [Whatmore, Adrian M.] Anim Hlth & Vet Labs Agcy, Dept Bacteriol, Addlestone, Surrey, England. [Tiller, Rebekah V.; Hoffmaster, Alex R.; Frace, Michael A.; De, Barun K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [De Castro, Cristina; Molinaro, Antonio] Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Chem Sci, Naples, Italy. [Setubala, Joao C.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Chem, Dept Biochem, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Inzana, TJ (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Ctr Mol Med & Infect Dis, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM tinzana@vt.edu RI Whatmore, Adrian/C-7744-2011; Oncogenomica, Inct/H-9999-2013; Molinaro, Antonio/J-1866-2012; Almeida, Nalvo/B-5856-2012; APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010; De Castro, Cristina/I-5899-2012; Moriyon, Ignacio/N-4764-2016; OI De Castro, Cristina/0000-0002-5147-1756; Moriyon, Ignacio/0000-0002-4288-0195; Molinaro, Antonio/0000-0002-3456-7369 FU INSERM; Universite Montpellier 1; la Region, Languedoc-Roussillon; U.K. Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra); National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN272200900040C]; Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia of Spain [AGL2008-04514]; Virginia Tech Foundation funds from the Tyler J. and Frances F. Young Endowment FX Work in INSERM U1047 is funded by INSERM, Universite Montpellier 1, and la Region, Languedoc-Roussillon. Brucella research at AHVLA is supported by the U.K. Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra). This project has been funded in part with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under contract no. HHSN272200900040C, awarded to B. W. Sobral, in part by grant AGL2008-04514 (Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia of Spain) to I. Moriyon, and in part by Virginia Tech Foundation funds from the Tyler J. and Frances F. Young Endowment provided to T. J. Inzana. NR 60 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 2150-7511 J9 MBIO JI mBio PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 3 IS 5 AR e00246-12 DI 10.1128/mBio.00246-12 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 030QK UT WOS:000310585000010 PM 23131829 ER PT J AU Trogdon, JG Tangka, FKL Ekwueme, DU Guy, GP Nwaise, I Orenstein, D AF Trogdon, Justin G. Tangka, Florence K. L. Ekwueme, Donatus U. Guy, Gery P., Jr. Nwaise, Isaac Orenstein, Diane TI State-Level Projections of Cancer-Related Medical Care Costs: 2010 to 2020 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE LA English DT Article ID BURDEN; MODELS; TIME AB Background: As the population ages, the financial amount spent on cancer care is expected to increase substantially. In this study, we projected cancer-related medical costs by state from 2010 through 2020. Methods: We used pooled Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data for 2004 to 2008 and US Census Bureau population projections to produce state-level estimates of the number of people treated for cancer and the average cost of their treatment, from a health system perspective, by age group (18-44, 45-64, years) and sex. In the base model, we assumed that the percentage of people in each of the 6 age-by-sex categories who had been treated for cancer would remain constant and that the inflation-adjusted average cancer treatment cost per person would increase at the same rate as Congressional Budget Office projections of overall medical spending. Results: We projected that state-level cancer-related medical costs would increase by 34% to 115% (median = 72%) and that state-level costs in 2020 would range from $347 million to $28.3 billion in 2010 dollars (median = $3.7 billion). Conclusions: The number of people treated for cancer and the costs of their cancer-related medical care are projected to increase substantially for each state. Effective prevention and early detection strategies are needed to limit the growing burden of cancer. (Am J Manag Care. 2012;18(9):525-532) C1 [Tangka, Florence K. L.; Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Guy, Gery P., Jr.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nwaise, Isaac; Orenstein, Diane] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Trogdon, Justin G.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Tangka, FKL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM frangka@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2008-27958] FX Funding Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Contract No. 200-2008-27958, Task order 0015). NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU MANAGED CARE & HEALTHCARE COMMUNICATIONS LLC PI PLAINSBORO PA 666 PLAINSBORO RD, STE 300, PLAINSBORO, NJ 08536 USA SN 1088-0224 J9 AM J MANAG CARE JI Am. J. Manag. Care PD SEP PY 2012 VL 18 IS 9 BP 525 EP 532 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 020XV UT WOS:000309850800006 PM 23009303 ER PT J AU Grimm, KA Sullivan, KM Alasfoor, D Parvanta, I Suleiman, AJM Kaur, M Al-Hatmi, FO Ruth, LJ AF Grimm, Kirsten A. Sullivan, Kevin M. Alasfoor, Deena Parvanta, Ibrahim Suleiman, Ali Jaffer Mohammed Kaur, Meenu Al-Hatmi, Fatima Obaid Ruth, Laird J. TI Iron-fortified wheat flour and iron deficiency among women SO FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Iron deficiency; wheat flour fortification ID FOOD FORTIFICATION; ANEMIA AB Background. Iron deficiency is estimated to impact more than 1.6 billion individuals worldwide, affecting child, maternal, and perinatal mortality. Iron supplementation, fortification, and dietary diversification are strategies to reduce the prevalence of iron deficiency. However, there are relatively few studies demonstrating the effectiveness of iron-fortified wheat flour as an intervention. Objective. To assess the relationship between average monthly per capita household consumption of iron-fortified wheat flour and iron deficiency among women of childbearing age in Oman. Methods. Data were obtained from the National Micronutrient Status and Fortified Food Coverage Survey, 2004. Iron deficiency status was compared between women living in households with a monthly per capita consumption of iron-fortified wheat flour of 1 kg or more and women living in households with a monthly per capita consumption of iron-fortified wheat flour of less than 1 kg. The analyses excluded women with elevated or unknown levels of C-reactive protein and controlled for characteristics of the women and household demographics. Results. Consumption of iron-fortified wheat flour was associated with a lower prevalence of iron deficiency among women in our sample (adjusted odds ratio, 0.60), after controlling for age, employment status, marital status, intake of iron or multivitamin supplements, self-reported presence of a blood disorder, household income, educational level of head of household, and family size. Conclusions. These results suggest that women in our study living in households with a greater consumption of iron-fortified wheat flour have a lower prevalence of iron deficiency; however, additional study is needed. C1 [Grimm, Kirsten A.; Sullivan, Kevin M.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Sullivan, Kevin M.; Parvanta, Ibrahim; Ruth, Laird J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Grimm, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM KGrimm@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 10 PU INT NUTRITION FOUNDATION PI BOSTON PA 150 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0379-5721 J9 FOOD NUTR BULL JI Food Nutr. Bull. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 33 IS 3 BP 180 EP 185 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 024LU UT WOS:000310111500002 PM 23156120 ER PT J AU Nichols, E Aburto, N Masa'd, H Wirth, J Sullivan, K Serdula, M AF Nichols, Erin Aburto, Nancy Masa'd, Hanan Wirth, James Sullivan, Kevin Serdula, Mary TI Performance of iron spot test with Arabic bread made from fortified white wheat flour SO FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Flour; fortification; iron; micronutrients ID FORTIFICATION; DEFICIENCY; IMPACT; SALT AB Background. The iron spot test (IST) is a simple qualitative technique for determining the presence of added iron in fortified flour. IST performance in bread has never been investigated. If found to perform well, the IST has the potential to provide afield-friendly method for testing bread and thus support the monitoring and evaluation of flour fortification programs. Objective. To assess the performance of the IST in Arabic bread made from white wheat flour. Methods. Bread samples were collected from 1,737 households during a national micronutrient survey in Jordan. A subsample of Arabic bread (n = 44) was systematically selected for testing by both the IST and spectrophotometry (criterion reference). Performance measures (sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values) were calculated using five cutoffs to define the presence of added iron, including >= 15.0 ppm (approximate level of natural iron in Arabic bread) and four additional cutoffs based on test performance. Results. The iron contents of samples testing negative by IST ranged from 10.4 to 18.4 ppm, with one outlier at 41.0 ppm, which was excluded from subsequent analyses. The iron contents of samples testing positive by IST ranged from 16.1 to 38.4 ppm. With the exception of negative predictive values for the two lowest cutoffs (>= 15.0 and >= 16.1 ppm), all performance measures exceeded 83.3%. Conclusions. These results show promise for the IST as an inexpensive, field-friendly method for testing bread that could have a useful role in the monitoring and evaluation process for flour fortification programs. C1 [Nichols, Erin; Sullivan, Kevin; Serdula, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Aburto, Nancy] World Hlth Org, Dept Nutr Hlth & Dev, Geneva, Switzerland. [Masa'd, Hanan] Minist Hlth Jordan, Dept Nutr, Amman, Jordan. [Wirth, James] Global Alliance Improved Nutr, Geneva, Switzerland. [Sullivan, Kevin] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Nichols, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3311 Toledo Rd,MS P08, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM igd1@cdc.gov FU Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN); UNICEF; Government of Jordan Ministry of Health FX The current assessment was funded through a grant agreement between the Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), UNICEF, and the Government of Jordan Ministry of Health. The authors especially acknowledge Nadera Al-Shareff, Ruba Nabulsi, Shefa Saleh, Nicolas Tsikhlakis, and Adie Saeed for their laboratory support. The authors would also like to thank Rawhieh Barham, Aktham Haddadin, Tarek Al-Sanouri, Mohammed Tarawaneh, Bassam Hijawi, and the many individuals who assisted in the completion of the micronutrient survey. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this publicatiion and they do not necessarily represent the decisions or policies of their respective organizational affiliations. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU INT NUTRITION FOUNDATION PI BOSTON PA 150 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0379-5721 J9 FOOD NUTR BULL JI Food Nutr. Bull. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 33 IS 3 BP 202 EP 206 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 024LU UT WOS:000310111500005 PM 23156123 ER PT J AU Gordon, PH Mehal, JM Holman, RC Rowland, AS Cheek, JE AF Gordon, Paul H. Mehal, Jason M. Holman, Robert C. Rowland, Andrew S. Cheek, James E. TI Parkinson's disease among American Indians and Alaska natives: A nationwide prevalence study SO MOVEMENT DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE Parkinson's disease; prevalence; neurodegeneration; American Indian; Alaska Native; epidemiology ID AGE; POPULATION; RATIOS AB Background: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) people. Methods: We analyzed records for AI/AN people between 2002 and 2009 using inpatient and outpatient visit data from the Indian Health Service. Crude and age-adjusted prevalence, using the 2000 projected US population as the standard, was determined overall and by age group, sex, period, and region. Results: An estimated 2613 AI/AN people carried the diagnosis of PD (crude prevalence, 143.8/100,000). Prevalence increased with age through 84 years. The age-adjusted rate was 355.7 and was higher among men than women (P < .0001). Rates differed by region (P < .0001). Conclusions: Parkinson's disease is prevalent among AI/AN people. The prevalence increases with age, varies by geographic region, and is higher among men than women. Community-based studies are needed to define incidence, examine risk factors, and determine reasons for sex and regional differences in PD among AI/AN people. (c) 2012 Movement Disorder Society C1 [Gordon, Paul H.] Indian Hlth Serv, US Dept HHS, No Navajo Med Ctr, Med Staff Off, Shiprock, NM 87420 USA. [Mehal, Jason M.; Holman, Robert C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rowland, Andrew S.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Family & Community Med, Hlth Sci Ctr, MPH Program, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Cheek, James E.] Div Epidemiol & Dis Prevent, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Gordon, PH (reprint author), Indian Hlth Serv, US Dept HHS, No Navajo Med Ctr, Med Staff Off, Hwy 491 N, Shiprock, NM 87420 USA. EM paul.gordon@ihs.gov OI Gordon, Paul/0000-0001-5714-9875 NR 26 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-3185 J9 MOVEMENT DISORD JI Mov. Disord. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 27 IS 11 BP 1456 EP 1459 DI 10.1002/mds.25153 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 021WG UT WOS:000309915500025 PM 22893192 ER PT J AU Diakou, A Karamanavi, E Eberhard, M Kaldrimidou, E AF Diakou, Anastasia Karamanavi, Elisavet Eberhard, Mark Kaldrimidou, Eleni TI First report of Spirocerca lupi infection in red fox Vulpes vulpes in Greece SO WILDLIFE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gastric nodule; Greece; histology; red fox; Spirocerca lupi; Vulpes vulpes ID WILD CARNIVORES; PREVALENCE; PARASITES; LESIONS; DOGS AB During the necropsy of a red fox Vulpes vulpes that had died from poisoning, we found a nodule of 2 x 3 cm in size in the gastric wall, which was caused by the nematode Spirocerca lupi. The histological features of the parasite include a smooth cuticle, large chords of the hypodermis, muscle cells of the polymyarian/coelomyarian type and large intestine cells with prominent microvillus border. The nodule was infiltrating different layers of the gastric wall and consisted of granulation tissue, with various inflammatory cells and active fibroblasts. This is the first report of S. lupi infection in the red fox in Greece. C1 [Diakou, Anastasia] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Fac Vet Med, Lab Parasitol & Parasit Dis, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. [Karamanavi, Elisavet; Kaldrimidou, Eleni] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Fac Vet Med, Clin Pathol, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. [Eberhard, Mark] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Diakou, A (reprint author), Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Fac Vet Med, Lab Parasitol & Parasit Dis, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. EM diakou@vet.auth.gr; elikaram@vet.auth.gr; mle1@cdc.gov; ekaldrim@vet.auth.gr NR 19 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILDLIFE BIOLOGY PI RONDE PA C/O JAN BERTELSEN, GRENAAVEJ 14, KALO, DK-8410 RONDE, DENMARK SN 0909-6396 J9 WILDLIFE BIOL JI Wildlife Biol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 18 IS 3 BP 333 EP 336 DI 10.2981/11-094 PG 4 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 018VW UT WOS:000309695800011 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Lago, EG Gennari, SM Su, C Jones, JL AF Dubey, J. P. Lago, E. G. Gennari, S. M. Su, C. Jones, J. L. TI Toxoplasmosis in humans and animals in Brazil: high prevalence, high burden of disease, and epidemiology SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Toxoplasma gondii; Brazil; toxoplasmosis; humans; animals; clinical; congenital ID SAO-PAULO-STATE; ANTI-NEOSPORA-CANINUM; RIO-DE-JANEIRO; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; FREE-RANGE CHICKENS; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; OUTER RETINAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD SAMPLES; NATIONWIDE SERUM SURVEY AB Infections by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii are widely prevalent in humans and animals in Brazil. The burden of clinical toxoplasmosis in humans is considered to be very high. The high prevalence and encouragement of the Brazilian Government provides a unique opportunity for international groups to study the epidemiology and control of toxoplasmosis in Brazil. Many early papers on toxoplasmosis in Brazil were published in Portuguese and often not available to scientists in English-speaking countries. In the present paper we review prevalence, clinical spectrum, molecular epidemiology, and control of T. gondii in humans and animals in Brazil. This knowledge should be useful to biologists, public health workers, veterinarians, and physicians. Brazil has a very high rate of T. gondii infection in humans. Up to 50% of elementary school children and 50-80% of women of child-bearing age have antibodies to T. gondii. The risks for uninfected women to acquire toxoplasmosis during pregnancy and fetal transmission are high because the environment is highly contaminated with oocysts. The burden of toxoplasmosis in congenitally infected children is also very high. From limited data on screening of infants for T. gondii IgM at birth, 5-23 children are born infected per 10 000 live births in Brazil. Based on an estimate of 1 infected child per 1000 births, 2649 children with congenital toxoplasmosis are likely to be born annually in Brazil. Most of these infected children are likely to develop symptoms or signs of clinical toxoplasmosis. Among the congenitally infected children whose clinical data are described in this review, several died soon after birth, 35% had neurological disease including hydrocephalus, microcephaly and mental retardation, 80% had ocular lesions, and in one report 40% of children had hearing loss. The severity of clinical toxoplasmosis in Brazilian children may be associated with the genetic characteristics of T. gondii isolates prevailing in animals and humans in Brazil. C1 [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, ANRI, APDL,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lago, E. G.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul, Sch Med, Dept Pediat Neonatol, BR-90610000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Gennari, S. M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Dept Med Vet Prevent & Saude Anim, BR-05508270 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Su, C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Jones, J. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, ANRI, APDL,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov RI Gennari, Solange/K-2447-2012; Su, Chunlei/M-1892-2013 OI Gennari, Solange/0000-0001-7500-5277; Su, Chunlei/0000-0001-8392-7108 NR 487 TC 114 Z9 116 U1 2 U2 51 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0031-1820 EI 1469-8161 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PD SEP PY 2012 VL 139 IS 11 BP 1375 EP 1424 DI 10.1017/S0031182012000765 PG 50 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 019KZ UT WOS:000309739800001 PM 22776427 ER PT J AU Billeter, SA Sangmaneedet, S Kosakewich, RC Kosoy, MY AF Billeter, Sarah A. Sangmaneedet, Somboon Kosakewich, Rebecca C. Kosoy, Michael Y. TI BARTONELLA SPECIES IN DOGS AND THEIR ECTOPARASITES FROM KHON KAEN PROVINCE, THAILAND SO SOUTHEAST ASIAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Bartonella; dog; Rhipicephalus sanguineus; Ctenocephalides; fleas; ticks; Thailand ID RATTUS-NORVEGICUS; PREVALENCE; IDENTIFICATION; RODENTS; FLEAS; HENSELAE; CATS; TRANSMISSION; INFECTIONS; RICKETTSIA AB In order to access the prevalence of Bartonella species in dogs, whole blood and any associated ectoparasites were collected from 164 dogs with owners in 25 villages throughout Khon Kaen Province. DNA was extracted from dog blood, 92 ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) and 137 fleas (Ctenocephalides spp) and screened by PCR using intergenic spacer region and citrate synthase gene primers. B. clarridgeiae DNA was detected in blood of 3 dogs, 4 C. felis and 1 C. can is; B. rochalimae DNA was found in 1 tick; and B. vinsonii subsp vinsonii DNA was found in 2 C. felis. The findings indicate that dogs residing in northeast Thailand are exposed to diverse Bartonella species that are also potential human pathogens. C1 [Billeter, Sarah A.; Kosakewich, Rebecca C.; Kosoy, Michael Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Sangmaneedet, Somboon] Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Vet Med Res & Diagnost, Ctr Emerging Infect Dis, Khon Kaen, Thailand. RP Kosoy, MY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mck3@cdc.gov FU Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Global Disease Detection Program (RCEID), Khon Kaen University; Global Disease Detection Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Global Disease Detection Program (RCEID), Khon Kaen University and funded by Global Disease Detection Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOUTHEAST ASIAN MINISTERS EDUC ORGANIZATION PI BANGKOK PA SEAMEO-TROPMED, 420-6 RAJVITHI RD,, BANGKOK 10400, THAILAND SN 0125-1562 J9 SE ASIAN J TROP MED JI Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1186 EP 1192 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Tropical Medicine GA 018DE UT WOS:000309639500014 PM 23431825 ER PT J AU Wu, FT Banyai, K Wu, HS Yang, DCF Lin, JS Hsiung, CA Huang, YC Hwang, KP Jiang, B Gentsch, JR AF Wu, Fang-Tzy Banyai, Krisztian Wu, Ho-Sheng Yang, Dustin Chen-Fu Lin, Jen-Shiou Hsiung, Chao Agnes Huang, Yhu-Chering Hwang, Kao-Pin Jiang, Baoming Gentsch, Jon R. TI Identification of a G8P[14] Rotavirus Isolate Obtained from a Taiwanese Child: Evidence for a Relationship with Bovine Rotaviruses SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID GROUP-A ROTAVIRUS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; VP7 GENES; STRAINS C1 [Wu, Fang-Tzy; Wu, Ho-Sheng; Yang, Dustin Chen-Fu] Ctr Dis Control, Res & Diagnost Ctr, Taipei, Taiwan. [Wu, Fang-Tzy] Natl Yang Ming Univ, Dept Biotechnol & Lab Sci Med, Taipei 112, Taiwan. [Wu, Ho-Sheng] Taipei Med Univ, Sch Med Lab Sci & Biotechnol, Taipei, Taiwan. [Lin, Jen-Shiou] Changhua Christian Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Changhua, Taiwan. [Hsiung, Chao Agnes] Natl Hlth Res Inst, Inst Populat Hlth Sci, Zhunan, Taiwan. [Huang, Yhu-Chering] Chang Gung Univ, Coll Med, Chang Gung Childrens Hosp, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Tao Yuan, Taiwan. [Hwang, Kao-Pin] Chang Gung Univ, Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Kaohsiung Med Ctr, Dept Pediat,Div Pediat Infect Dis,Coll Med, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. [Hwang, Kao-Pin] China Med Univ, China Med Univ Hosp, Sch Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis,Dept Pediat, Taichung, Taiwan. [Jiang, Baoming; Gentsch, Jon R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Banyai, Krisztian] Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary. RP Wu, HS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Res & Diagnost Ctr, Taipei, Taiwan. EM wuhs@cdc.gov.tw RI Hsiung, Chao Agnes/E-3994-2010; OI Banyai, Krisztian/0000-0002-6270-1772 FU National Research Program for Genome Medicine [94-0324-19-F-01-00-00, 95-0324-19-F01-00-00-00-35, 96-0324-01-F-01]; Centers for Disease Control, Department of Health, Execute Yuan, Taiwan [DOH98-DC-1005]; Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Janos Bolyai scholarship; 'Lendulet' initiative; OTKA) [PD76364, K100727] FX This study was financially supported in part by research grant of "National Research Program for Genome Medicine" (supported grant: 94-0324-19-F-01-00-00, 95-0324-19-F01-00-00-00-35, 96-0324-01-F-01) and DOH98-DC-1005 from Centers for Disease Control, Department of Health, Execute Yuan, Taiwan. K.B. was supported by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Janos Bolyai scholarship; 'Lendulet' initiative; OTKA, PD76364, K100727). NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL INST INFECTIOUS DISEASES PI TOKYO PA JPN J INFECT DIS ED OFF NATL INST INFECTIOUS DISEASES TOYAMA 1-23-1, SHINJUKU-KU, TOKYO, 162-8640, JAPAN SN 1344-6304 EI 1884-2836 J9 JPN J INFECT DIS JI Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 65 IS 5 BP 455 EP 457 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 017WG UT WOS:000309621300019 PM 22996226 ER PT J AU Fan, YC Chen, JM Chiu, HC Chen, YY Lin, JW Shih, CC Chen, CM Chang, CC Chang, GJJ Chiou, SS AF Fan, Yi-Chin Chen, Jo-Mei Chiu, Hsien-Chung Chen, Yi-Ying Lin, Jen-Wei Shih, Chen-Chang Chen, Chih-Ming Chang, Chao-Chin Chang, Gwong-Jen J. Chiou, Shyan-Song TI Partially Neutralizing Potency against Emerging Genotype I Virus among Children Received Formalin-Inactivated Japanese Encephalitis Virus Vaccine SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; NAKAYAMA STRAIN; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; SOUTHEAST-ASIA; MOUSE-BRAIN; DENGUE; TAIWAN; PROTECTION; ANTIBODIES; THAILAND AB Background: Genotype I (GI) Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) that replaced GIII virus has become the dominant circulating virus in Asia. Currently, all registered live and inactivated JEV vaccines are derived from genotype III viruses. In Taiwan, the compulsory JEV vaccination policy recommends that children receives four doses of formalin-inactivated Nakayama (GIII) JEV vaccine. Methodology/Principal Findings: To evaluate the influence of genotype replacement on the post-vaccination viral neutralizing ability by GIII and GI viruses, the small panel of vaccinated-children serum specimens was assembled, and the reciprocal 50% plaque-reduction neutralizing antibody titers (PRNT50) were measured against Nakayama vaccine strain, CJN GIII human brain isolate and TC2009-1 GI mosquito isolate. The seropositivity rate (PRNT50 >= 1:10) and geometric mean titers (GMT) against the TC2009-1 virus were the lowest among the three viruses. The protective threshold against the CJN and TC2009-1 viruses could only be achieved when the GMT against Nakayama virus was >= 1:20 or >= 1:80, respectively. Using undiluted vaccinees' sera, the enhancement of JEV infection in K562 cells was observed in some low or non-neutralizing serum specimens. Conclusions/Significance: Our preliminary study has shown that neutralizing antibodies, elicited by the mouse brain-derived and formalin-inactivated JEV Nakayama vaccine among a limited number of vaccinees, have reduced neutralizing capacity against circulating GI virus, but more detailed studies are needed to address the potential impact on the future vaccine policy. C1 [Fan, Yi-Chin; Chen, Jo-Mei; Chen, Yi-Ying; Lin, Jen-Wei; Chen, Chih-Ming; Chang, Chao-Chin; Chiou, Shyan-Song] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Coll Vet Med, Grad Inst Microbiol & Publ Hlth, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. [Chiu, Hsien-Chung] Natl Def Med Ctr, Dept Periodontol, Sch Dent, Taipei, Taiwan. [Chiu, Hsien-Chung] Triserv Gen Hosp, Taipei, Taiwan. [Shih, Chen-Chang] Mennonite Christian Hosp, Dept Neurol, Hualien, Taiwan. [Chen, Chih-Ming] Tungs Taichung MetroHarbor Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Taichung, Taiwan. [Chang, Gwong-Jen J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Fan, YC (reprint author), Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Coll Vet Med, Grad Inst Microbiol & Publ Hlth, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. EM sschiou@dragon.nchu.edu.tw FU National Science Council, Taiwan [NSC 98-2313-B-005-014-MY3] FX This study was supported by the grant NSC 98-2313-B-005-014-MY3 from the National Science Council, Taiwan. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 6 IS 9 AR e1834 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001834 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 016OH UT WOS:000309528100034 PM 23029592 ER PT J AU Li, N Xiao, LH Wang, L Zhao, SM Zhao, XK Duan, LP Guo, MJ Liu, LL Feng, YY AF Li, Na Xiao, Lihua Wang, Lin Zhao, Shuming Zhao, Xukun Duan, Liping Guo, Meijin Liu, Lili Feng, Yaoyu TI Molecular Surveillance of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi by Genotyping and Subtyping Parasites in Wastewater SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID WILD MAMMALS; NEW-YORK; CHINA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HUMANS; MICROSPORIDIOSIS; TRANSMISSION; CAYETANENSIS; SUBGENOTYPES; MILWAUKEE AB Background: Despite their wide occurrence, cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis are considered neglected diseases by the World Health Organization. The epidemiology of these diseases and microsporidiosis in humans in developing countries is poorly understood. The high concentration of pathogens in raw sewage makes the characterization of the transmission of these pathogens simple through the genotype and subtype analysis of a small number of samples. Methodology/Principal Findings: The distribution of genotypes and subtypes of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in 386 samples of combined sewer systems from Shanghai, Nanjing and Wuhan and the sewer system in Qingdao in China was determined using PCR-sequencing tools. Eimeria spp. were also genotyped to assess the contribution of domestic animals to Cryptosporidium spp., G. duodenalis, and E. bieneusi in wastewater. The high occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. (56.2%), G. duodenalis (82.6%), E. bieneusi (87.6%), and Eimeria/Cyclospora (80.3%) made the source attribution possible. As expected, several human-pathogenic species/genotypes, including Cryptosporidium hominis, Cryptosporidium meleagridis, G. duodenalis sub-assemblage A-II, and E. bieneusi genotype D, were the dominant parasites in wastewater. In addition to humans, the common presence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Eimeria spp. from rodents indicated that rodents might have contributed to the occurrence of E. bieneusi genotype D in samples. Likewise, the finding of Eimeria spp. and Cryptosporidium baileyi from birds indicated that C. meleagridis might be of both human and bird origins. Conclusions/Significance: The distribution of Cryptosporidium species, G. duodenalis genotypes and subtypes, and E. bieneusi genotypes in urban wastewater indicates that anthroponotic transmission appeared to be important in epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis, giardiasis, and microsporidiosis in the study areas. The finding of different distributions of subtypes between Shanghai and Wuhan was indicative of possible differences in the source of C. hominis among different areas in China. C1 [Li, Na; Wang, Lin; Zhao, Xukun; Guo, Meijin; Liu, Lili; Feng, Yaoyu] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Li, Na; Xiao, Lihua; Duan, Liping] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhao, Shuming] Third Mil Med Univ, SW Hosp, Dept Blood Transfus, Chongqing, Peoples R China. RP Li, N (reprint author), E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. EM lxiao@cdc.gov; yyfeng@ecust.edu.cn RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Feng, Yaoyu/B-3076-2014 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31110103901, 41001316]; National Basic Research Program of China (973 Project) [2011CB200903]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China; State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology at the Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering FX This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31110103901, 41001316); the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Project) (2011CB200903); Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China; Open Funding Projects of the State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology at the Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute and State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 61 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 35 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 6 IS 9 AR e1809 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001809 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 016OH UT WOS:000309528100012 PM 22970334 ER PT J AU McCauley, MM Kennedy, A Basket, M Sheedy, K AF McCauley, Mary Mason Kennedy, Allison Basket, Michelle Sheedy, Kristine TI Exploring the Choice to Refuse or Delay Vaccines: A National Survey of Parents of 6-Through 23-Month-Olds SO ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE childhood vaccination; communication; health knowledge; parental attitudes; patient compliance; treatment refusal ID VACCINATION COVERAGE; SAFETY CONCERNS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES; IMMUNIZATION AB OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess respondents' self-reported choices for vaccinating their young children; knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs (KABs) about vaccination; and communication with their child's vaccination provider. METHODS: A national telephone survey of 1500 parents of children aged 6 to 23 months was conducted in 2010. We calculated proportions of parents who had chosen-or planned-to refuse or delay 1 or more recommended vaccines, and proportions for responses to KABs and communication questions, stratified by vaccination choice (ie, refuse or delay). RESULTS: The response rate was 46%. Among the 96.6% of respondents (95% confidence interval [CI], 95.5%-97.4%; weighted n = 1453) who had chosen for their child to receive at least 1 vaccine, 80.6% (95% CI, 78.8%-83.0%) reported that their child had received all vaccines when recommended and 86.5% (95% CI, 84.7%-88.2%) reported that their child would receive remaining vaccines when recommended. Respondents who considered not following recommendations, but ultimately did, cited the physician's recommendation as the reason for vaccinating. Most vaccinators who reported past or planned deviations from recommendations cited only 1 vaccine that they would refuse and/or delay; all vaccines were mentioned. These parents reported approaching vaccination with serious concerns, while believing other parents did not. All parents cited "vaccine side effects" as their top question or concern. Almost all parents talked to a doctor or nurse about vaccines and, overall, satisfaction with communication was high. CONCLUSIONS: Communication about vaccines is important to most parents, but may be challenging for providers, because parental choices vary; thus, efforts to improve and support vaccine communication by providers should continue. C1 [McCauley, Mary Mason] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Associate Director Sci, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kennedy, Allison] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Serv Res & Evaluat Branch, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Basket, Michelle; Sheedy, Kristine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Commun Sci Off, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McCauley, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Associate Director Sci, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A27, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MMcCauley@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1876-2859 J9 ACAD PEDIATR JI Acad. Pediatr. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 375 EP 383 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 013KV UT WOS:000309305200007 PM 22921495 ER PT J AU Hubbs, AF Cumpston, AM Goldsmith, WT Battelli, LA Kashon, ML Jackson, MC Frazer, DG Fedan, JS Goravanahally, MP Castranova, V Kreiss, K Willard, PA Friend, S Schwegler-Berry, D Fluharty, KL Sriram, K AF Hubbs, Ann F. Cumpston, Amy M. Goldsmith, W. Travis Battelli, Lon A. Kashon, Michael L. Jackson, Mark C. Frazer, David G. Fedan, Jeffrey S. Goravanahally, Madhusudan P. Castranova, Vincent Kreiss, Kathleen Willard, Patsy A. Friend, Sherri Schwegler-Berry, Diane Fluharty, Kara L. Sriram, Krishnan TI Respiratory and Olfactory Cytotoxicity of Inhaled 2,3-Pentanedione in Sprague-Dawley Rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR; N-ALPHA-ACETYLARGININE; L-XYLULOSE REDUCTASE; BRONCHIOLITIS OBLITERANS; CELL-DEATH; ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE; TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY; INHALATION DOSIMETRY; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; FLAVOR INGREDIENTS AB Flavorings-related lung disease is a potentially disabling disease of food industry workers associated with exposure to the alpha-diketone butter flavoring, diacetyl (2,3-butanedione). To investigate the hypothesis that another a-diketone flavoring, 2,3-pentanedione, would cause airway damage, rats that inhaled air, 2,3-pentanedione (112, 241, 318, or 354 ppm), or diacetyl (240 ppm) for 6 hours were sacrificed the following day. Rats inhaling 2,3-pentanedione developed necrotizing rhinitis, tracheitis, and bronchitis comparable to diacetyl-induced injury. To investigate delayed toxicity, additional rats inhaled 318 (range, 317.9-318.9) ppm 2,3-pentanedione for 6 hours and were sacrificed 0 to 2, 12 to 14, or 18 to 20 hours after exposure. Respiratory epithelial injury in the upper nose involved both apoptosis and necrosis, which progressed through 12 to 14 hours after exposure. Olfactory neuroepithelial injury included loss of olfactory neurons that showed reduced expression of the 2,3-pentanedione metabolizing enzyme, dicarbonyl/L-xylulose reductase, relative to sustentacular cells. Caspase 3 activation occasionally involved olfactory nerve bundles that synapse in the olfactory bulb (OB). An additional group of rats inhaling 270 ppm 2,3-pentanedione for 6 hours 41 minutes showed increased expression of IL-6 and nitric oxide synthase-2 and decreased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A in the OB, striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum using real-time PCR. Claudin-1 expression increased in the OB and striatum. We conclude that 2,3-pentanedione is a respiratory hazard that can also alter gene expression in the brain. (Am J Pathol 2012, 181:829-844; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.05.021) C1 [Hubbs, Ann F.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Cumpston, Amy M.] W Virginia Univ, Robert C Byrd Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Community Med & Publ Hlth, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Goravanahally, Madhusudan P.] W Virginia Univ, Robert C Byrd Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurobiol & Anat, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Hubbs, AF (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Effects Lab Div, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mailstop L2015, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ahubbs@cdc.gov FU National Occupational Research Agenda intramural project from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [1927ZBEH] FX Supported by National Occupational Research Agenda intramural project 1927ZBEH from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 89 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9440 EI 1525-2191 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 181 IS 3 BP 829 EP 844 DI 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.05.021 PG 16 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 012QH UT WOS:000309251100012 PM 22894831 ER PT J AU Mwandi, Z Bunnell, R Cherutich, P Mermin, J Kim, AA Gichangi, A Mureithi, P Kellogg, TA Oluoch, T Muttunga, J Ngare, C Kim, E Kaiser, R AF Mwandi, Zebedee Bunnell, Rebecca Cherutich, Peter Mermin, Jonathan Kim, Andrea A. Gichangi, Anthony Mureithi, Patrick Kellogg, Timothy A. Oluoch, Tom Muttunga, James Ngare, Carol Kim, Evelyn Kaiser, Reinhard TI Male circumcision programmes in Kenya: lessons from the Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey 2007 SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION LA English DT Article ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; HIV PREVENTION; INFECTION; TRIAL; RISK; METAANALYSIS; MEN AB Objective To provide guidance for male circumcision programmes in Kenya by estimating the population of uncircumcised men and investigating the association between circumcision and infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with particular reference to uncircumcised, HIV-uninfected men. Methods Data on men aged 15 to 64 years were derived from the 2007 Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey, which involved interviews and blood collection to test for HIV and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2). The prevalence of HIV infection and circumcision in Kenyan provinces was calculated and the demographic characteristics and sexual behaviour of circumcised and uncircumcised, HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected men were recorded. Findings The national prevalence of HIV infection in uncircumcised men was 13.2%(95% confidence interval,CI: 10.8-15.7) compared with 3.9% (95% CI: 3.3-4.5) among circumcised men. Nyanza province had the largest estimated number of uncircumcised, HIV-uninfected men (i.e. 601 709), followed by Rift Valley, Nairobi and Western Province, respectively, and most belonged to the Luo ethnic tribe. Of these men, 77.8% did not know their HIV status and 33.2% were HSV-2-positive. In addition, 65.3% had had unprotected sex with a partner of discordant or unknown HIV status in the past 12 months and only 14.7% consistently used condoms with their most recent partner. However, only 21.8% of the uncircumcised, HIV-uninfected men aged 15 to 19 years were sexually active. Conclusion The Kenyan male circumcision strategy should focus on the provinces with the highest number of uncircumcised, HIV-uninfected men and target young men before or shortly after sexual debut. C1 [Mwandi, Zebedee; Bunnell, Rebecca; Mermin, Jonathan; Gichangi, Anthony; Oluoch, Tom; Kaiser, Reinhard] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Nairobi 00621, Kenya. [Cherutich, Peter; Ngare, Carol] Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Natl AIDS & STI Control Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kim, Andrea A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mureithi, Patrick] Govt Kenya, Natl AIDS Control Council, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kellogg, Timothy A.] San Francisco Dept Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA. [Muttunga, James] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Mwandi, Z (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, POB 606, Nairobi 00621, Kenya. EM zmwandi@ke.cdc.gov RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012; OI Oluoch, Tom/0000-0001-9621-5900 FU US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Health and Human Services FX This study was funded by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Health and Human Services. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI GENEVA 27 PA MARKETING AND DISSEMINATION, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9686 J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN JI Bull. World Health Organ. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 90 IS 9 BP 642 EP 651 DI 10.2471/BLT.11.096412 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 008QZ UT WOS:000308972900006 PM 22984308 ER PT J AU Baggaley, R Hensen, B Ajose, O Grabbe, KL Wong, VJ Schilsky, A Lo, YR Lule, F Granich, R Hargreaves, J AF Baggaley, R. Hensen, B. Ajose, O. Grabbe, K. L. Wong, V. J. Schilsky, A. Lo, Y-R Lule, F. Granich, R. Hargreaves, J. TI From caution to urgency: the evolution of HIV testing and counselling in Africa SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION LA English DT Article ID TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; OPT-OUT; PREGNANT-WOMEN; ANTENATAL CARE; ROUTINE OFFER; SOUTH-AFRICA; HUMAN-RIGHTS; PREVENTION; EXCEPTIONALISM; INFECTION AB Objective To describe recent changes in policy on provider-initiated testing and counselling (PITC) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in African countries and to investigate patients' experiences of and views about PITC. Methods A review of the published literature and of national HIV testing policies, strategic frameworks, plans and other relevant documents was carried out. Findings Of the African countries reviewed, 42 (79.2%) had adopted a PITC policy. Of the 42, all recommended PITC for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission, 66.7% recommended it for tuberculosis clinics and. patients, and 45.2% for sexually transmitted infection clinics. Moreover, 43.6% adopted PITC in 2005 or 2006. The literature search identified 11 studies on patients' experiences of and views about PITC in clinical settings in Africa. The clear majority regarded PITC as acceptable. However, women in antenatal clinics were not always aware that they had the right to decline an HIV test. Conclusion Policy and practice on HIV testing and counselling in Africa has shifted from a cautious approach that emphasizes confidentiality to greater acceptance of the routine offer of HIV testing. The introduction of PITC in clinical settings has contributed to increased HIV testing in several of these settings. Most patients regard PITC as acceptable. However, other approaches are needed to reach people who do not consult health-care services. C1 [Hensen, B.; Hargreaves, J.] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Baggaley, R.; Lo, Y-R; Granich, R.] World Hlth Org, HIV AIDS Dept, Geneva, Switzerland. [Ajose, O.] Clinton Hlth Access Initiat, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Grabbe, K. L.; Schilsky, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wong, V. J.] US Agcy Int Dev, Off HIV AIDS, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Lule, F.] World Hlth Org Reg Off Afr, Brazzaville, Congo. RP Hensen, B (reprint author), Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, England. EM bernadette.hensen@lshtm.ac.uk NR 49 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI GENEVA 27 PA MARKETING AND DISSEMINATION, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9686 J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN JI Bull. World Health Organ. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 90 IS 9 BP 652 EP 658 DI 10.2471/BLT.11.100818 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 008QZ UT WOS:000308972900007 PM 22984309 ER PT J AU Ben Ayed, L Yang, WL Widmer, G Cama, V Ortega, Y Xiao, LH AF Ben Ayed, Layla Yang, Wenli Widmer, Giovanni Cama, Vitaliano Ortega, Ynes Xiao, Lihua TI Survey and genetic characterization of wastewater in Tunisia for Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Cyclospora cayetanensis and Eimeria spp. SO JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; Enterocytozoon bieneusi; genotypes; Giardia duodenalis; Tunisia; wastewater ID PERUVIAN CHILDREN; MICROSPORIDIA; CATTLE; TRANSMISSION; SUBGENOTYPE; INFECTION; HUMANS; UPDATE AB The microbial diversity of wastewater used for irrigation and fertilization was assessed using specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to detect and genotype several pathogenic protists including Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, Cyclospora spp., Eimeria spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi. A total of 220 wastewater samples (110 raw, 110 treated) and 12 sludge samples were collected from 2005 to 2008 from 18 treatment plants located throughout Tunisia. Except for Cyclospora, which was detected only once, E. bieneusi (61%), G. duodenalis (28%), Ctyptosporidium spp. (27%) and Eimeria spp. (45%) were frequently observed in wastewater and sludge. Sequencing of PCR products showed that C. hominis, C. andersoni, G. duodenalis sub-assemblage A-II and E. bieneusi genotypes D and IV were the most prevalent. An analysis of the distribution of 209 internal transcribed spacer sequences of E. bieneusi originating from wastewater at the 18 treatment plants showed a similar genetic diversity, regardless of the geographical location. The identification of these parasite species and genotypes and of host-specific Eimeria species indicates that the microbial quality of wastewater was impacted by humans, livestock and rodents. Given the public health risks that some of these parasites represent, guidelines on wastewater usage are needed to minimize human exposure to these pathogens. C1 [Yang, Wenli; Cama, Vitaliano; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ben Ayed, Layla] Inst Natl Agron Tunisie, Lab Sci & Tech Eau, Tunis 1082, Tunisia. [Widmer, Giovanni] Tufts Cummings Sch Vet Med, Div Infect Dis, North Grafton, MA 01536 USA. [Ortega, Ynes] Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Xiao, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU NIAID [R21AI083719] FX We thank Abdellatif Boudabous (El Manar University, Tunis) for facilitating this project. This work was partially carried out in the laboratory of Fethi Lebdi at the Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie. GW acknowledges financial support from the NIAID (grant R21AI083719). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 40 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 9 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 1477-8920 J9 J WATER HEALTH JI J. Water Health PD SEP PY 2012 VL 10 IS 3 BP 431 EP 444 DI 10.2166/wh.2012.204 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources GA 016AS UT WOS:000309490300010 PM 22960487 ER PT J AU Blanton, L Peacock, G Cox, C Jhung, M Finelli, L Moore, C AF Blanton, Lenee Peacock, Georgina Cox, Chad Jhung, Michael Finelli, Lyn Moore, Cynthia TI Neurologic Disorders Among Pediatric Deaths Associated With the 2009 Pandemic Influenza SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE influenza; influenza vaccination; neurologic disorders ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; A H1N1 VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; CEREBRAL-PALSY; CHILDREN; INFECTION; TESTS; RECOMMENDATIONS; SURVEILLANCE AB OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to describe reported influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus (pH1N1)-associated deaths in children with underlying neurologic disorders. METHODS: The study compared demographic characteristics, clinical course, and location of death of pH1N1-associated deaths among children with and without underlying neurologic disorders reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RESULTS: Of 336 pH1N1-associated pediatric deaths with information on underlying conditions, 227 (68%) children had at least 1 underlying condition that conferred an increased risk of complications of influenza. Neurologic disorders were most frequently reported (146 of 227 [64%]), and, of those disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders such as cerebral palsy and intellectual disability were most common. Children with neurologic disorders were older (P = .02), had a significantly longer duration of illness from onset to death (P < .01), and were more likely to die in the hospital versus at home or in the emergency department (P < .01) compared with children without underlying medical conditions. Many children with neurologic disorders had additional risk factors for influenza-related complications, especially pulmonary disorders (48%). Children without underlying conditions were significantly more likely to have a positive result from a sterile-site bacterial culture than were those with an underlying neurologic disorder (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Neurologic disorders were reported in nearly two-thirds of pH1N1-associated pediatric deaths with an underlying medical condition. Because of the potential for severe outcomes, children with underlying neurologic disorders should receive influenza vaccine and be treated early and aggressively if they develop influenza-like illness. Pediatrics 2012; 130: 390-396 C1 [Blanton, Lenee; Cox, Chad; Jhung, Michael; Finelli, Lyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Peacock, Georgina; Moore, Cynthia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Blanton, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lblanton@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 2012 VL 130 IS 3 BP 390 EP 396 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-3343 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 014XO UT WOS:000309409300039 PM 22931899 ER PT J AU Briere, EC Jackson, M Shah, SG Cohn, AC Anderson, RD MacNeil, JR Coronado, FM Mayer, LW Clark, TA Messonnier, NE AF Briere, Elizabeth C. Jackson, Michael Shah, Shetul G. Cohn, Amanda C. Anderson, Raydel D. MacNeil, Jessica R. Coronado, Fatima M. Mayer, Leonard W. Clark, Thomas A. Messonnier, Nancy E. TI Haemophilus influenzae Type b Disease and Vaccine Booster Dose Deferral, United States, 1998-2009 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE Haemophilus influenzae; Haemophilus influenzae type b; United States; epidemiology; children; vaccine-preventable diseases ID CONJUGATE VACCINES; YOUNG-CHILDREN; HIB DISEASE; CARRIAGE; SURVEILLANCE; PROGRAMS; COVERAGE; FAILURE AB BACKGROUND: Since the introduction of effective vaccines, the incidence of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease among children <5 years of age has decreased by 99% in the United States. In response to a limited vaccine supply that began in 2007, Hib booster doses were deferred for 18 months. METHODS: We reviewed national passive and active surveillance (demographic and serotype) and vaccination status data for invasive H. influenzae disease in children aged <5 years before (1998-2007) and during (2008-2009) the vaccine shortage years to assess the impact of the vaccine deferral on Hib disease. We estimated the average annual number of Hib cases misclassified as unknown (not completed or missing) serotype. RESULTS: From 1998 to 2007 and 2008 to 2009, the annual average incidence of Hib disease per 100 000 population was 0.2 and 0.18, respectively; no significant difference in incidence was found by age group, gender, or race. Among Hib cases in both time periods, most were unvaccinated or too young to have received Hib vaccine. During 2001 to 2009, there were <53 Hib cases per year, with an estimated 6 to 12 Hib cases misclassified as unknown serotype. CONCLUSIONS: The booster deferral did not have a significant impact on the burden of invasive Hib disease in children <5 years of age. Continued surveillance and serotype data are important to monitor changes in Hib incidence, especially during vaccine deferrals. Hib booster deferral is a reasonable short-term approach to a Hib vaccine shortage. Pediatrics 2012; 130: 414-420 C1 [Briere, Elizabeth C.; Jackson, Michael; Shah, Shetul G.; Cohn, Amanda C.; Anderson, Raydel D.; MacNeil, Jessica R.; Coronado, Fatima M.; Mayer, Leonard W.; Clark, Thomas A.; Messonnier, Nancy E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shah, Shetul G.] ICF Int Inc, Fairfax, VA USA. RP Briere, EC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ebriere@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 40 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 2012 VL 130 IS 3 BP 414 EP 420 DI 10.1542/peds.2012-0266 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 014XO UT WOS:000309409300042 PM 22869828 ER PT J AU Broussard, CS Gilboa, SM Lee, KA Oster, M Petrini, JR Honein, MA AF Broussard, Cheryl S. Gilboa, Suzanne M. Lee, Kyung A. Oster, Matthew Petrini, Joann R. Honein, Margaret A. TI Racial/Ethnic Differences in Infant Mortality Attributable to Birth Defects by Gestational Age SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE infant mortality; birth defects; gestational age; race; ethnicity ID UNITED-STATES; METROPOLITAN ATLANTA; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; HEART-DEFECTS; DOWN-SYNDROME; PREVALENCE; PREGNANCY; CERTIFICATES; EXPERIENCE; CALIFORNIA AB OBJECTIVE: Birth defects are a leading cause of infant mortality in the United States. Previous reports have highlighted black-white differences in overall infant mortality and infant mortality attributable to birth defects (IMBD). We evaluated the impact of gestational age on US racial/ethnic differences in IMBD. METHODS: We estimated the rate of IMBD as the underlying cause of death using the period-linked birth/infant death data for US residents for January 2003 to December 2006. We excluded infants with missing gestational age, implausible values based on Alexander's index of birth weight for gestational age norms, or gestational ages <20 weeks or >44 weeks; we categorized gestational age into 3 groups: 20 to 33, 34 to 36, and 37 to 44 weeks. Using Poisson regression, we compared neonatal and postneonatal IMBD for infants of non-Hispanic black and Hispanic mothers with that for infants of non-Hispanic white mothers stratified by gestational age. RESULTS: IMBD occurred in 12.2 per 10 000 live births. Among infants delivered at 37 to 44 weeks, blacks (and Hispanics, to a lesser degree) had significantly higher neonatal and postneonatal IMBD than whites; however, among infants delivered at 20 to 33 or 34 to 36 weeks, neonatal (but not postneonatal) IMBD was significantly lower among blacks compared with whites. CONCLUSIONS: Racial/ethnic differences in IMBD were not explained in these data by differences in gestational age. Further investigation should include an assessment of possible racial/ethnic differences in severity and/or access to timely diagnosis and management of birth defects. Pediatrics 2012;130:e518-e527 C1 [Broussard, Cheryl S.; Gilboa, Suzanne M.; Lee, Kyung A.; Oster, Matthew; Honein, Margaret A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lee, Kyung A.] Northrop Grumman Informat Syst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Oster, Matthew] Emory Univ, Sibley Heart Ctr, Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Petrini, Joann R.] Danbury Hosp, Danbury, CT USA. RP Broussard, CS (reprint author), CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cbroussard@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 2012 VL 130 IS 3 BP E518 EP E527 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-3475 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 014XO UT WOS:000309409300007 PM 22908111 ER PT J AU Cutland, CL Schrag, SJ Zell, ER Kuwanda, L Buchmann, E Velaphi, SC Groome, MJ Adrian, PV Madhi, SA AF Cutland, Clare L. Schrag, Stephanie J. Zell, Elizabeth R. Kuwanda, Locadiah Buchmann, Eckhardt Velaphi, Sithembiso C. Groome, Michelle J. Adrian, Peter V. Madhi, Shabir A. CA PoPS Trial Team TI Maternal HIV Infection and Vertical Transmission of Pathogenic Bacteria SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE group B Streptococcus (GBS); newborns; sepsis; HIV; pneumonia ID UNINFECTED INFANTS; VAGINAL MICROBIOTA; PREGNANT-WOMEN; MORTALITY; MOTHERS; CHILDREN; MORBIDITY; ZIMBABWE; BURDEN; MALAWI AB BACKGROUND: HIV-exposed newborns may be at higher risk of sepsis because of immune system aberrations, impaired maternal antibody transfer and altered exposure to pathogenic bacteria. METHODS: We performed a secondary analysis of a study (clinical trials.gov, number NCT00136370) conducted between April 2004 and October 2007 in South Africa. We used propensity score matching to evaluate the association between maternal HIV infection and (1) vaginal colonization with bacterial pathogens; (2) vertical transmission of pathogens to the newborn; and (3) sepsis within 3 days of birth (EOS) or between 4-28 days of life (LOS). RESULTS: Colonization with group B Streptococcus (17% vs 23%, P = .0002), Escherichia coli (47% vs 45%, P = .374), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (7% vs 10%, P = .008) differed modestly between HIV-infected and uninfected women, as did vertical transmission rates. Maternal HIV infection was not associated with increased risk of neonatal EOS or LOS, although culture-confirmed EOS was >3 times higher among HIV-exposed infants (P = .05). When compared with HIV-unexposed, neonates, HIV-exposed, uninfected neonates (HEU) had a lower risk of EOS (20.6 vs 33.7 per 1000 births; P = .046) and similar rate of LOS (5.8 vs 4.1; P = .563). HIV-infected newborns had a higher risk than HEU of EOS (134 vs 21.5; P < .0001) and LOS (26.8 vs 5.6; P = .042). CONCLUSIONS: Maternal HIV infection was not associated with increased risk of maternal bacterial colonization, vertical transmission, EOS, or LOS. HIV-infected neonates, however, were at increased risk of EOS and LOS. Pediatrics 2012;130:e581-e590 C1 [Cutland, Clare L.; Kuwanda, Locadiah; Groome, Michelle J.; Adrian, Peter V.; Madhi, Shabir A.] Univ Witwatersrand, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, ZA-2013 Bertsham, Soweto, South Africa. [Schrag, Stephanie J.; Zell, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cutland, Clare L.; Groome, Michelle J.; Adrian, Peter V.; Madhi, Shabir A.] Univ Witwatersrand, Dept Sci & Technol Natl Res Fdn, Vaccine Preventable Dis & Med Res Council, Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, ZA-2013 Bertsham, Soweto, South Africa. [Velaphi, Sithembiso C.] Univ Witwatersrand, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hosp, Dept Paediat, Div Neonatol, ZA-2013 Bertsham, Soweto, South Africa. [Madhi, Shabir A.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Madhi, SA (reprint author), Univ Witwatersrand, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, New Nurses Residence 11th Floor,Cent W Wing,POB 9, ZA-2013 Bertsham, Soweto, South Africa. EM shabirm@nicd.ac.za FU US Agency for International Development; National Vaccine Program Office; Centers for Disease Control's (CDC) Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group via CDC Cooperative Agreements [U50/CCU021960, 5U01CI000318]; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [39415] FX This work was supported by the US Agency for International Development, National Vaccine Program Office and Centers for Disease Control's (CDC) Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group via CDC Cooperative Agreements U50/CCU021960 and 5U01CI000318, and Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation grant 39415. The article contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the sponsors. NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 2012 VL 130 IS 3 BP E581 EP E590 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-1548 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 014XO UT WOS:000309409300015 PM 22869824 ER PT J AU Hinton, CF Neuspiel, DR Gubernick, RS Geleske, T Healy, J Kemper, AR Lloyd-Puryear, MA Saul, RA Thompson, BH Kaye, CI AF Hinton, Cynthia F. Neuspiel, Daniel R. Gubernick, Ruth S. Geleske, Timothy Healy, Jill Kemper, Alex R. Lloyd-Puryear, Michele A. Saul, Robert A. Thompson, Barry H. Kaye, Celia I. TI Improving Newborn Screening Follow-up in Pediatric Practices: Quality Improvement Innovation Network SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE newborn screening; quality of health care AB OBJECTIVE: To implement a 6-month quality improvement project in 15 primary care pediatric practices to improve short-term newborn screening (NBS) follow-up. METHODS: At the start of the project, each practice completed a survey to evaluate office systems related to NBS and completed a chart audit. Practice teams were provided information about NBS and trained in quality-improvement methods, and then implemented changes to improve care. Monthly chart audits over a 6-month period were completed to assess change. RESULTS: At baseline, almost half of practices completed assessment of infants for NBS; after 6 months, 80% of practices completed assessment of all infants. Only 2 practices documented all in-range results and shared them with parents at baseline; by completion, 10 of 15 practices documented and shared in-range results for >= 70% of infants. Use of the American College of Medical Genetics ACTion sheets, a decision support tool, increased from 1 of 15 practices at baseline to 7 of 15 at completion. CONCLUSIONS: Practices were successful in improving NBS processes, including assessment, documentation, and communication with families. Providers perceived no increase in provider time at first visit, 2- to 4-week visit, or during first contact with the family of an infant with an out-of-range result after implementation of improved processes. Primary care practices increased their use of decision support tools after the project. Pediatrics 2012;130:e669-e675 C1 [Kaye, Celia I.] Univ Colorado Sch Med, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Hinton, Cynthia F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Neuspiel, Daniel R.] Levine Childrens Hosp Carolinas Med Ctr, Charlotte, NC USA. [Gubernick, Ruth S.] RSG Consulting, Cherry Hill, NJ USA. [Geleske, Timothy] N Arlington Pediat, Arlington Hts, IL USA. [Healy, Jill] Amer Acad Pediat, Elk Grove Village, IL USA. [Kemper, Alex R.] Duke Univ, Dept Pediat, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Kemper, Alex R.] Duke Univ, Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Lloyd-Puryear, Michele A.] NIH, Off Rare Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Saul, Robert A.] Greenwood Genet Ctr, Greenwood, SC 29646 USA. [Thompson, Barry H.] Amer Coll Med Genet, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Kaye, CI (reprint author), Univ Colorado Sch Med, Anschutz Med Campus,13001 E 17th Pl,Room E1330, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM celia.kaye@ucdenver.edu FU American College of Medical Genetics [U22MC03957]; American Academy of Pediatrics FX Supported in part through a cooperative agreement between the Maternal and Child Health Bureau/Health Resources and Services Administration and the American College of Medical Genetics, grant U22MC03957, and the American Academy of Pediatrics. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 2012 VL 130 IS 3 BP E669 EP E675 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-2920 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 014XO UT WOS:000309409300025 PM 22869832 ER PT J AU Marcos, LA Arrospide, N Recuenco, S Cabezas, C Weil, GJ Fischer, PU AF Marcos, Luis A. Arrospide, Nancy Recuenco, Sergio Cabezas, Cesar Weil, Gary J. Fischer, Peter U. TI Short Report: Genetic Characterization of Atypical Mansonella (Mansonella) ozzardi Microfilariae in Human Blood Samples from Northeastern Peru SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID NEIGHBOR-JOINING METHOD; FILARIAL NEMATODES; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; PHYLOGENIES AB DNA sequence comparisons are useful for characterizing proposed new parasite species or strains. Microfilariae with an atypical arrangement of nuclei behind the cephalic space have been recently described in human blood samples from the Amazon region of Peru. Three blood specimens containing atypical microfilariae were genetically characterized using three DNA markers (5S ribosomal DNA, 12S ribosomal DNA, and cytochrome oxidase I). All atypical microfilariae were clustered into the Mansonella group and indistinguishable from M. ozzardi based on these DNA markers. C1 [Marcos, Luis A.; Weil, Gary J.; Fischer, Peter U.] Washington Univ, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Arrospide, Nancy; Cabezas, Cesar] Minist Salud Peru, Inst Nacl Salud, Ctr Nacl Salud Publ, Lima, Peru. [Recuenco, Sergio] Ctr Dis & Prevent, Rabies Program, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Program, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fischer, PU (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Sch Med, 660 S Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. EM marcoslrz@yahoo.com; narrospide@hotmail.com; fni9@cdc.gov; ccabezas@ins.gob.pe; GWeil@DOM.wustl.edu; Pufische@DOM.Wustl.edu OI Recuenco-Cabrera, Sergio/0000-0002-8446-7411; ARROSPIDE, NANCY/0000-0001-5031-5850 FU Barnes Jewish Hospital Foundation FX This study was supported by a grant from the Barnes Jewish Hospital Foundation. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 87 IS 3 BP 491 EP 494 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0379 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 004KH UT WOS:000308680100019 PM 22826497 ER PT J AU Folkema, AM Holman, RC Dahlgren, FS Cheek, JE McQuiston, JH AF Folkema, Arianne M. Holman, Robert C. Dahlgren, F. Scott Cheek, James E. McQuiston, Jennifer H. TI Epidemiology of Ehrlichiosis and Anaplasmosis among American Indians in the United States, 2000-2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIOSIS; MOUNTAIN-SPOTTED-FEVER; WHITE-TAILED DEER; AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM; INCREASING INCIDENCE; HEALTH-CARE; CHAFFEENSIS; AGENT; INFECTION; RACE AB Ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis infections among American Indians (AIs) have never been specifically examined, despite high rates of other tick-borne rickettsial diseases among AIs. The epidemiology of ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis among AIs was analyzed using the National Electronic Telecommunications System for Surveillance (NETSS), Case Report Forms (CRFs), and Indian Health Service (IHS) inpatient and outpatient visits. The 2000-2007 average annual ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis incidence among Als reported to NETSS was almost 4-fold lower (4.0/1,000,000) than that using IHS data (14.9). American Indian cases reported from CRFs had a higher proportion of hospitalization (44%) compared with IHS (10%). American Indian incidence of ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis was higher and showed a different age and geographical distribution than other races. These results highlight the need to improve collaboration between the ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis surveillance systems for AIs so as to develop interventions that target the unique epidemiology and mitigate the burden of disease among this high-risk population. C1 [Folkema, Arianne M.; Holman, Robert C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, DHCPP, NCEZID, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [McQuiston, Jennifer H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, DVBD, NCEZID, USDHHS, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Cheek, James E.] USDHHS, Div Epidemiol & Dis Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Support, Indian Hlth Serv Headquarters, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP McQuiston, JH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, DVBD, NCEZID, USDHHS, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-30, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM AFolkema@cdc.gov; IOT0@cdc.gov; JMcquiston@cdc.gov NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 87 IS 3 BP 529 EP 537 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0060 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 004KH UT WOS:000308680100025 PM 22826495 ER PT J AU Wheeler, SS Langevin, SA Brault, AC Woods, L Carroll, BD Reisen, WK AF Wheeler, Sarah S. Langevin, Stanley A. Brault, Aaron C. Woods, Leslie Carroll, Brian D. Reisen, William K. TI Detection of Persistent West Nile Virus RNA in Experimentally and Naturally Infected Avian Hosts SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ST-LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; UNITED-STATES; WILD BIRDS; REPLICATION; CULICIDAE; VIRULENCE; MOSQUITOS; DIPTERA; VECTOR AB To determine whether West Nile virus (WNV) persistent infection in avian hosts may potentially serve as an overwintering mechanism, House Sparrows and House Finches, experimentally and naturally infected with several strains of WNV, and two naturally infected Western Scrub-Jays were held in mosquito-proof outdoor aviaries from 2007-March 2008. Overall, 94% (n = 36) of House Sparrows, 100% (n = 14) of House Finches and 2 Western Scrub-Jays remained WNV antibody positive. When combined by species, 37% of the House Sparrows, 50% of the House Finches, and 2 Western Scrub-Jays were WNV RNA positive at necropsy, up to 36 weeks post-infection. Infectious WNV was not detected. Our study supports the hypothesis that some avian hosts support the long-term persistence of WNV RNA, but it remains unresolved whether these infections relapse to restart an avian-arthropod transmission cycle and thereby serve as an overwintering mechanism for WNV. C1 [Reisen, William K.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vectorborne Dis, Davis, CA 95661 USA. [Reisen, William K.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95661 USA. [Brault, Aaron C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Woods, Leslie] Univ Calif Davis, Calif Agr & Food Safety Lab, Davis, CA 95661 USA. RP Reisen, WK (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vectorborne Dis, Davis, CA 95661 USA. EM sswheeler@ucdavis.edu; salangevin1@gmail.com; abrault@cdc.gov; lwoods@cahfs.ucdavis.edu; bdcarroll@ucdavis.edu; wkreisen@ucdavis.edu FU National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health [R01-A155607]; University of California Mosquito Research Program; Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics program of the Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security, and Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health FX This study was supported by research grant R01-A155607 from the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, and a grant from the University of California Mosquito Research Program. W. K. Reisen was supported by the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics program of the Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security, and Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health. NR 34 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 87 IS 3 BP 559 EP 564 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0654 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 004KH UT WOS:000308680100029 PM 22826479 ER PT J AU Yadav, PD Raut, CG Shete, AM Mishra, AC Towner, JS Nichol, ST Mourya, DT AF Yadav, Pragya D. Raut, Chandrashekhar G. Shete, Anita M. Mishra, Akhilesh C. Towner, Jonathan S. Nichol, Stuart T. Mourya, Devendra T. TI Short Report: Detection of Nipah Virus RNA in Fruit Bat (Pteropus giganteus) from India SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID BANGLADESH; CAMBODIA AB The study deals with the survey of different bat populations (Pteropus giganteus, Cynopterus sphinx, and Megaderma lyra) in India for highly pathogenic Nipah virus (NiV), Reston Ebola virus, and Marburg virus. Bats (n = 140) from two states in India (Maharashtra and West Bengal) were tested for IgG (serum samples) against these viruses and for virus RNAs. Only NiV RNA was detected in a liver homogenate of P. giganteus captured in Myanaguri, West Bengal. Partial sequence analysis of nucleocapsid, glycoprotein, fusion, and phosphoprotein genes showed similarity with the NiV sequences from earlier outbreaks in India. A serum sample of this bat was also positive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for NiV-specific IgG. This is the first report on confirmation of Nipah viral RNA in Pteropus bat from India and suggests the possible role of this species in transmission of NiV in India. C1 [Yadav, Pragya D.; Raut, Chandrashekhar G.; Shete, Anita M.; Mishra, Akhilesh C.; Mourya, Devendra T.] Natl Inst Virol, Pune 21, Maharashtra, India. [Towner, Jonathan S.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mourya, DT (reprint author), Natl Inst Virol, Microbial Containment Complex,Sus Rd, Pune 21, Maharashtra, India. EM hellopragya22@gmail.com; raut.cg@niv.co.in; anitamicro@yahoo.com; acm1750@rediffmail.com; jit8@cdc.gov; stn1@cdc.gov; mourya.dt@niv.co.in NR 18 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 87 IS 3 BP 576 EP 578 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0416 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 004KH UT WOS:000308680100032 PM 22802440 ER PT J AU Koss, CA Baras, DC Lane, SD Aubry, R Marcus, M Markowitz, LE Koumans, EH AF Koss, Catherine A. Baras, Dana C. Lane, Sandra D. Aubry, Richard Marcus, Michele Markowitz, Lauri E. Koumans, Emilia H. TI Investigation of Metronidazole Use during Pregnancy and Adverse Birth Outcomes SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID PREVENT PRETERM DELIVERY; BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS; WOMEN; METAANALYSIS; TRICHOMONAS; ERYTHROMYCIN; WEIGHT; SAFETY; COHORT; TRIAL AB To assess whether treatment with metronidazole during pregnancy is associated with preterm birth, low birth weight, or major congenital anomalies, we conducted chart reviews and an analysis of electronic data from a cohort of women delivering at an urban New York State hospital. Of 2,829 singleton/mother pairs, 922 (32.6%) mothers were treated with metronidazole for clinical indications, 348 (12.3%) during the first trimester of pregnancy and 553 (19.5%) in the second or third trimester. There were 333 (11.8%) preterm births, 262 (9.3%) infants of low birth weight, and 52 infants (1.8%) with congenital anomalies. In multivariable analysis, no association was found between metronidazole treatment and preterm birth (odds ratio [OR], 1.02 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 1.32]), low birth weight (OR, 1.05 [95% CI, 0.77 to 1.43]), or treatment in the first trimester and congenital anomalies (OR, 0.86 [0.30 to 2.45]). We found no association between metronidazole treatment during the first or later trimesters of pregnancy and preterm birth, low birth weight, or congenital anomalies. C1 [Koss, Catherine A.; Markowitz, Lauri E.; Koumans, Emilia H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Baras, Dana C.; Marcus, Michele] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Lane, Sandra D.; Aubry, Richard] SUNY Upstate Med Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Syracuse, NY USA. [Lane, Sandra D.; Aubry, Richard] Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY USA. RP Koumans, EH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ekoumans@cdc.gov RI Marcus, Michele/J-2746-2015 NR 26 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 56 IS 9 BP 4800 EP 4805 DI 10.1128/AAC.06477-11 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 994CN UT WOS:000307908600032 PM 22751543 ER PT J AU Van Rompay, KKA Babusis, D Abbott, Z Geng, YZ Jayashankar, K Johnson, JA Lipscomb, J Heneine, W Abel, K Ray, AS AF Van Rompay, Koen K. A. Babusis, Darius Abbott, Zachary Geng, Yongzhi Jayashankar, Kartika Johnson, Jeffrey A. Lipscomb, Jonathan Heneine, Walid Abel, Kristina Ray, Adrian S. TI Compared to Subcutaneous Tenofovir, Oral Tenofovir Disoproxyl Fumarate Administration Preferentially Concentrates the Drug into Gut-Associated Lymphoid Cells in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Macaques SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; ANTIRETROVIRAL ACTIVITY; RHESUS MACAQUES; T-CELLS; PHARMACOKINETICS; TISSUE; MUTATION; PRODRUG; PLASMA; SAFETY AB To compare tissue-based pharmacokinetics and efficacy of oral tenofovir disoproxyl fumarate (TDF) versus subcutaneous tenofovir (TFV), macaques were treated for 2 weeks starting 1 week after simian immunodeficiency virus inoculation. Despite lower plasma TFV levels in the oral TDF arm, similar TFV diphosphate levels and antiviral activities were measured in lymphoid cells of most tissues. In intestinal tissues, however, oral TDF resulted in higher active drug levels, associated with lower virus levels and better immune preservation. C1 [Van Rompay, Koen K. A.; Abbott, Zachary; Geng, Yongzhi; Jayashankar, Kartika] Univ Calif Davis, Calif Natl Primate Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Babusis, Darius; Ray, Adrian S.] Gilead Sci Inc, Foster City, CA 94404 USA. [Johnson, Jeffrey A.; Lipscomb, Jonathan; Heneine, Walid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Abel, Kristina] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Van Rompay, KKA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Calif Natl Primate Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kkvanrompay@ucdavis.edu OI Ray, Adrian/0000-0002-3508-3008 FU Gilead Sciences; National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) [RR-00169] FX This work supported by Gilead Sciences, grant RR-00169 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR; a component of the National Institutes of Health [NIH]) to the California National Primate Research Center). NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 56 IS 9 BP 4980 EP 4984 DI 10.1128/AAC.01095-12 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 994CN UT WOS:000307908600061 PM 22777046 ER PT J AU Moser, BD Pellegrini, GJ Lasker, BA Brown, JM AF Moser, Benjamin D. Pellegrini, Gerald J. Lasker, Brent A. Brown, June M. TI Pattern of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Obtained from Blood Isolates of a Rare but Emerging Human Pathogen, Gordonia polyisoprenivorans SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Letter ID GENUS C1 [Moser, Benjamin D.; Pellegrini, Gerald J.; Lasker, Brent A.; Brown, June M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Bacteriol Reference Lab, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lasker, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Bacteriol Reference Lab, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM blasker@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 56 IS 9 BP 4991 EP 4993 DI 10.1128/AAC.01251-12 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 994CN UT WOS:000307908600065 PM 22751545 ER PT J AU Stokes, W McFarland, R Kulpa-Eddy, J Gatewood, D Levis, R Halder, M Pulle, G Kojima, H Casey, W Gaydamaka, A Miller, T Brown, K Lewis, C Chapsal, JM Bruckner, L Gairola, S Kamphuis, E Rupprecht, CE Wunderli, P McElhinney, L De Mattia, F Gamoh, K Hill, R Reed, D Doelling, V Johnson, N Allen, D Rinckel, L Jones, B AF Stokes, William McFarland, Richard Kulpa-Eddy, Jodie Gatewood, Donna Levis, Robin Halder, Marlies Pulle, Gayle Kojima, Hajime Casey, Warren Gaydamaka, Alexander Miller, Timothy Brown, Karen Lewis, Charles Chapsal, Jean-Michel Bruckner, Lukas Gairola, Sunil Kamphuis, Elisabeth Rupprecht, Charles E. Wunderli, Peter McElhinney, Lorraine De Mattia, Fabrizio Gamoh, Koichiro Hill, Richard Reed, David Doelling, Vivian Johnson, Nelson Allen, David Rinckel, Lori Jones, Brett TI Report on the international workshop on alternative methods for human and veterinary rabies vaccine testing: State of the science and planning the way forward SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article DE Rabies vaccines; Potency; Replacement; Refinement; Reduction; Implementation; In vitro ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ANTIGENIC PROPERTIES; POTENCY TEST; ANIMAL USE; GLYCOPROTEIN; VIRUS; ELISA; CHALLENGE; MICE AB Potency testing of most human and veterinary rabies vaccines requires vaccination of mice followed by a challenge test using an intracerebral injection of live rabies virus. NICEATM, ICCVAM, and their international partners organized a workshop to review the availability and validation status of alternative methods that might reduce, refine, or replace the use of animals for rabies vaccine potency testing, and to identify research and development efforts to further advance alternative methods. Workshop participants agreed that general anesthesia should be used for intracerebral virus injections and that humane endpoints should be used routinely as the basis for euthanizing animals when conducting the mouse rabies challenge test. Workshop participants recommended as a near-term priority replacement of the mouse challenge with a test validated to ensure potency, such as the mouse antibody serum neutralization test for adjuvanted veterinary rabies vaccines for which an international collaborative study was recently completed. The workshop recommended that an in vitro antigen quantification test should be a high priority for product-specific validation of human and non-adjuvanted veterinary rabies vaccines. Finally, workshop participants recommended greater international cooperation to expedite development, validation, regulatory acceptance, and implementation of alternative test methods for rabies vaccine potency testing. C1 [Stokes, William; Casey, Warren] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, Interagcy Ctr Evaluat Alternat Toxicol Methods, Div Natl Toxicol Program,NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [McFarland, Richard; Levis, Robin] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Kulpa-Eddy, Jodie] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. [Gatewood, Donna; Lewis, Charles; Hill, Richard] USDA, Ctr Vet Biol, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Halder, Marlies] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, European Union Reference Lab Alternat Anim Testin, I-21027 Ispra, Varese, Italy. [Pulle, Gayle] Hlth Canada, Ctr Vaccine Evaluat, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [Kojima, Hajime] Natl Inst Hlth Sci, Japanese Ctr Validat Alternat Methods, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo 1585801, Japan. [Gaydamaka, Alexander] Inst Anim Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Miller, Timothy] Benchmark Biolabs, Lincoln, NE 68528 USA. [Brown, Karen] Pair ODocs Consultants, Parkville, MO 64152 USA. [Chapsal, Jean-Michel] Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France. [Bruckner, Lukas] Inst Viruskrankheiten & Immunprophylaxe, CH-3147 Mittelhausern, Switzerland. [Gairola, Sunil] Serum Inst India Ltd, Pune 411028, Maharashtra, India. [Kamphuis, Elisabeth] Paul Ehrlich Inst, D-63225 Langen, Germany. [Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [McElhinney, Lorraine] Anim Hlth & Vet Labs Agcy, Weybridge CH64 7TE, Surrey, England. [De Mattia, Fabrizio] MSD Anim Hlth, NL-5830 AA Boxmeer, Netherlands. [Gamoh, Koichiro] Minist Agr, Natl Vet Assay Lab, Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan. [Reed, David] D E Reed & Associates, Chanhassen, MN 55317 USA. [Doelling, Vivian; Johnson, Nelson; Allen, David; Rinckel, Lori; Jones, Brett] Integrated Lab Syst Inc, Morrisville, NC 27560 USA. RP Stokes, W (reprint author), NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, Interagcy Ctr Evaluat Alternat Toxicol Methods, Div Natl Toxicol Program,NIH, POB 12233,MD K2-16, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM stokes@niehs.nih.gov RI McElhinney, Lorraine/C-7997-2011; APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010 OI McElhinney, Lorraine/0000-0002-6022-348X; FU International Cooperation on Alternative Test Method (ICATM); NICEATM-ICCVAM; European Union Reference Laboratory for Alternatives to Animal Testing (EURL ECVAM); Health Canada; Japanese Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods (JaCVAM) FX The authors extend their sincere appreciation to all participants in the international workshop for their contributions leading to the workshop conclusions and recommendations. The members of the Rabies Workshop Organizing Committee, ICCVAM Interagency Biologics Working Group, and NICEATM staff are acknowledged for their contributions to the planning of the workshop, and all the invited experts are acknowledged for their contributions to breakout group discussions and workshop proceedings. Participating national/international validation organizations from the International Cooperation on Alternative Test Method (ICATM) are also gratefully acknowledged for their scientific contributions and financial support, including NICEATM-ICCVAM, the European Union Reference Laboratory for Alternatives to Animal Testing (EURL ECVAM), Health Canada, and the Japanese Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods (JaCVAM). Finally, the authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Rajendra Chhabra and Dr. Michael Humble from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, USA for their review of the manuscript. NR 48 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1045-1056 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD SEP PY 2012 VL 40 IS 5 BP 369 EP 381 DI 10.1016/j.biologicals.2012.07.005 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 010IB UT WOS:000309087000008 PM 22884673 ER PT J AU Fine, KL Metcalfe, MG White, E Virji, M Karls, RK Quinn, FD AF Fine, Kari L. Metcalfe, Maureen G. White, Elizabeth Virji, Mumtaz Karls, Russell K. Quinn, Frederick D. TI Involvement of the autophagy pathway in trafficking of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli through cultured human type II epithelial cells SO CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHAGOSOME-LYSOSOME FUSION; HUMAN MACROPHAGES; IN-VITRO; INTRACELLULAR PATHOGENS; LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; INFECTION; MATURATION; VIRULENCE; INHIBITION; SURVIVAL AB Interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli and alveolar macrophages have been extensively characterized, while similar analyses in epithelial cells have not been performed. In this study, we microscopically examined endosomal trafficking of M.?tuberculosis strain Erdman in A549 cells, a human type II pneumocyte cell line. Immuno-electron microscopic (IEM) analyses indicate that M.?tuberculosis bacilli are internalized to a compartment labelled first with Rab5 and then with Rab7 small GTPase proteins. This suggests that, unlike macrophages, M.?tuberculosis bacilli traffic to late endosomes in epithelial cells. However, fusion of lysosomes with the bacteria-containing compartment appears to be inhibited, as illustrated by IEM studies employing LAMP-2 and cathepsin-L antibodies. Examination by transmission electron microscopy and IEM revealed M.?tuberculosis-containing compartments surrounded by double membranes and labelled with antibodies against the autophagy marker Lc3, providing evidence for involvement and intersection of the autophagy and endosomal pathways. Interestingly, inhibition of the autophagy pathway using 3-methyladenine improved host cell viability and decreased numbers of viable intracellular bacteria recovered after 72?h post infection. Collectively, these datasuggest that trafficking patterns for M.?tuberculosis bacilli in alveolar epithelial cells differ from macrophages, and that autophagy is involved this process. C1 [Fine, Kari L.; Karls, Russell K.; Quinn, Frederick D.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Infect Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Metcalfe, Maureen G.; White, Elizabeth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Virji, Mumtaz] Univ Bristol, Sch Cellular & Mol Med, Bristol, Avon, England. RP Quinn, FD (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Infect Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM fquinn@uga.edu FU American Lung Association; University of Georgia Faculty of Infectious Diseases FX We thank Barbara Reaves, Cynthia Goldsmith, Charles Humphrey and Sherif Zaki for their critical reviews of the manuscript and technical assistance in several parts of this project. This work was supported in part by research grants from the American Lung Association (R. K. K.) and the University of Georgia Faculty of Infectious Diseases (F. D. Q.). NR 58 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1462-5814 J9 CELL MICROBIOL JI Cell Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 14 IS 9 BP 1402 EP 1414 DI 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2012.01804.x PG 13 WC Cell Biology; Microbiology SC Cell Biology; Microbiology GA 993GJ UT WOS:000307844700008 PM 22519722 ER PT J AU Liebow, EB Derzon, JH Fontanesi, J Favoretto, AM Baetz, RA Shaw, C Thompson, P Mass, D Christenson, R Epner, P Snyder, SR AF Liebow, Edward B. Derzon, James H. Fontanesi, John Favoretto, Alessandra M. Baetz, Rich Ann Shaw, Colleen Thompson, Pamela Mass, Diana Christenson, Robert Epner, Paul Snyder, Susan R. TI Effectiveness of automated notification and customer service call centers for timely and accurate reporting of critical values: A laboratory medicine best practices systematic review and meta-analysis SO CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE Clinical laboratory information systems; Critical care methods; Hospital laboratory organization and administration; Medical laboratory personnel; organization and administration ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL AB Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the evidence available in support of automated notification methods and call centers and to acknowledge other considerations in making evidence-based recommendations for best practices in improving the timeliness and accuracy of critical value reporting. Design and methods: This review followed the Laboratory Medicine Best Practices (LMBP) review methods (Christenson, et al. 2011). A broad literature search and call for unpublished submissions returned 196 bibliographic records which were screened for eligibility. 41 studies were retrieved. Of these, 4 contained credible evidence for the timeliness and accuracy of automatic notification systems and 5 provided credible evidence for call centers for communicating critical value information in in-patient care settings. Results: Studies reporting improvement from implementing automated notification findings report mean differences and were standardized using the standard difference in means (d = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.2-0.62) while studies reporting improvement from implementing call centers generally reported criterion referenced findings and were standardized using odds ratios (OR = 22.1; 95% CI = 17.1-28.6). Conclusions: The evidence, although suggestive, is not sufficient to make an LMBP recommendation for or against using automated notification systems as a best practice to improve the timeliness of critical value reporting in an in-patient care setting. Call centers, however, are effective in improving the timeliness of critical value reporting in an in-patient care setting, and meet LMBP criteria to be recommended as an "evidence-based best practice." Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (CDC/ATSDR). (C) 2012 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Fontanesi, John] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Fontanesi, John] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Management Sci Hlth, Dept Gen Internal Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Shaw, Colleen; Thompson, Pamela] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mass, Diana] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Christenson, Robert] Associated Lab Consultants, Chicago, IL USA. EM liebowe@battelle.org RI Derzon, James/D-7220-2013 OI Liebow, Edward/0000-0002-1101-629X; Derzon, James/0000-0002-3997-1950 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 40 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-9120 EI 1873-2933 J9 CLIN BIOCHEM JI Clin. Biochem. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 45 IS 13-14 BP 979 EP 987 DI 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.06.023 PG 9 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 007PA UT WOS:000308899400002 PM 22750773 ER PT J AU Snyder, SR Favoretto, AM Derzon, JH Christenson, RH Kahn, SE Shaw, CS Baetz, RA Mass, D Fantz, CR Raab, SS Tanasijevic, MJ Liebow, EB AF Snyder, Susan R. Favoretto, Alessandra M. Derzon, James H. Christenson, Robert H. Kahn, Stephen E. Shaw, Colleen S. Baetz, Rich Ann Mass, Diana Fantz, Corinne R. Raab, Stephen S. Tanasijevic, Milenko J. Liebow, Edward B. TI Effectiveness of barcoding for reducing patient specimen and laboratory testing identification errors: A Laboratory Medicine Best Practices systematic review and meta-analysis SO CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE Barcoding; Comparative effectiveness research; Healthcare quality improvement; Laboratory medicine; Laboratory testing errors; Patient identification systems; Patient safety; Patient specimen identification; Specimen labeling errors ID PATHOLOGISTS Q-PROBES; LABELING ERRORS; CLINICAL LABORATORIES; QUALITY IMPROVEMENT; ANATOMIC PATHOLOGY; SURGICAL PATHOLOGY; WRONG BLOOD; REDUCTION; IMPLEMENTATION; INSTITUTIONS AB Objectives: This is the first systematic review of the effectiveness of barcoding practices for reducing patient specimen and laboratory testing identification errors. Design and methods: The CDC-funded Laboratory Medicine Best Practices Initiative systematic review methods for quality improvement practices were used. Results: A total of 17 observational studies reporting on barcoding systems are included in the body of evidence; 10 for patient specimens and 7 for point-of-care testing. All 17 studies favored barcoding, with meta-analysis mean odds ratios for barcoding systems of 4.39 (95% CI: 3.05-6.32) and for point-of-care testing of 5.93 (95% CI: 5.28-6.67). Conclusions: Barcoding is effective for reducing patient specimen and laboratory testing identification errors in diverse hospital settings and is recommended as an evidence-based "best practice." The overall strength of evidence rating is high and the effect size rating is substantial. Unpublished studies made an important contribution comprising almost half of the body of evidence. Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (CDC/ATSDR). (C) 2012 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Snyder, Susan R.; Favoretto, Alessandra M.; Derzon, James H.; Baetz, Rich Ann; Liebow, Edward B.] Battelle Ctr Publ Hlth Res & Evaluat, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Shaw, Colleen S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Christenson, Robert H.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Fantz, Corinne R.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Raab, Stephen S.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Tanasijevic, Milenko J.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kahn, Stephen E.] Loyola Univ Hlth Syst, Chicago, IL USA. RP Snyder, SR (reprint author), Battelle Ctr Publ Hlth Res & Evaluat, Century Plaza 1,2987 Clairmont Rd NE,Suite 450, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM snydersu@battelle.org RI Derzon, James/D-7220-2013; OI Derzon, James/0000-0002-3997-1950; Liebow, Edward/0000-0002-1101-629X FU Laboratory Medicine Best Practices Initiative [W911NF-07-D-0001/DO 0191/TCN 07235] FX CDC funding for the Laboratory Medicine Best Practices Initiative to Battelle Centers for Public Health Research and Evaluation under contract W911NF-07-D-0001/DO 0191/TCN 07235. NR 46 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-9120 J9 CLIN BIOCHEM JI Clin. Biochem. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 45 IS 13-14 BP 988 EP 998 DI 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.06.019 PG 11 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 007PA UT WOS:000308899400003 PM 22750145 ER PT J AU Snyder, SR Favoretto, AM Baetz, RA Derzon, JH Madison, BM Mass, D Shaw, CS Layfield, CD Christenson, RH Liebow, EB AF Snyder, Susan R. Favoretto, Alessandra M. Baetz, Rich Ann Derzon, James H. Madison, Bereneice M. Mass, Diana Shaw, Colleen S. Layfield, Christopher D. Christenson, Robert H. Liebow, Edward B. TI Effectiveness of practices to reduce blood culture contamination: A Laboratory Medicine Best Practices systematic review and meta-analysis SO CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE Bacterial infections/diagnosis; Blood culture; Blood specimen collection/methods/standards; Comparative effectiveness research; Contamination; False positive reactions; Healthcare quality improvement; Laboratory medicine; Phlebotomy; Practice guideline ID CLINICAL UTILITY; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT; QUALITY IMPROVEMENT; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; DRAWN; RATES; VENIPUNCTURE; CATHETERS; INSTITUTIONS; PHLEBOTOMY AB Objectives: This article is a systematic review of the effectiveness of three practices for reducing blood culture contamination rates: venipuncture, phlebotomy teams, and prepackaged preparation/collection (prep) kits. Design and methods: The CDC-funded Laboratory Medicine Best Practices Initiative systematic review methods for quality improvement practices were used. Results: Studies included as evidence were: 9 venipuncture (vs. versus intravenous catheter), 5 phlebotomy team; and 7 prep kit. All studies for venipuncture and phlebotomy teams favored these practices, with meta-analysis mean odds ratios for venipuncture of 2.69 and phlebotomy teams of 2.58. For prep kits 6 studies effect sizes were not statistically significantly different from no effect (meta-analysis mean odds ratio 1.12). Conclusions: Venipuncture and the use of phlebotomy teams are effective practices for reducing blood culture contamination rates in diverse hospital settings and are recommended as evidence-based "best practices" with high overall strength of evidence and substantial effect size ratings. No recommendation is made for or against prep kits based on uncertain improvement. (C) 2012 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Snyder, Susan R.; Favoretto, Alessandra M.; Baetz, Rich Ann; Derzon, James H.; Madison, Bereneice M.; Layfield, Christopher D.; Liebow, Edward B.] Battelle Ctr Publ Hlth Res & Evaluat, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Shaw, Colleen S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Christenson, Robert H.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Snyder, SR (reprint author), Battelle Ctr Publ Hlth Res & Evaluat, Century Plaza 1,2987 Clairmont Rd NE,Suite 450, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM snydersu@battelle.org RI Derzon, James/D-7220-2013; OI Derzon, James/0000-0002-3997-1950; Liebow, Edward/0000-0002-1101-629X FU Laboratory Medicine Best Practices Initiative [W911NF-07-D0001/DO 0191/TCN 07235] FX CDC funding for the Laboratory Medicine Best Practices Initiative to Battelle Centers for Public Health Research and Evaluation under contract W911NF-07-D0001/DO 0191/TCN 07235. NR 47 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-9120 J9 CLIN BIOCHEM JI Clin. Biochem. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 45 IS 13-14 BP 999 EP 1011 DI 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.06.007 PG 13 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 007PA UT WOS:000308899400004 PM 22709932 ER PT J AU Heyer, NJ Derzon, JH Winges, L Shaw, C Mass, D Snyder, SR Epner, P Nichols, JH Gayken, JA Ernst, D Liebow, EB AF Heyer, Nicholas J. Derzon, James H. Winges, Linda Shaw, Colleen Mass, Diana Snyder, Susan R. Epner, Paul Nichols, James H. Gayken, Julie A. Ernst, Dennis Liebow, Edward B. TI Effectiveness of practices to reduce blood sample hemolysis in EDs: A laboratory medicine best practices systematic review and meta-analysis SO CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE Hemolysis; ED; Phlebotomy/methods; Catheters/indwelling; Clinical laboratory quality improvement; Hospital laboratory organization and administration; Medical laboratory personnel organization and administration ID EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT; QUALITY IMPROVEMENT; SPECIMEN HEMOLYSIS AB Objective: To completes systematic review of emergency department (ED) practices for reducing hemolysis in blood samples sent to the clinical laboratory for testing. Results: A total of 16 studies met the review inclusion criteria (12 published and 4 unpublished). All 11 studies comparing new straight needle venipuncture with IV starts found a reduction in hemolysis rates, [average risk ratio of 0.16 (95% CI = 0.11-0.24)]. Four studies on the effect of venipuncture location showed reduced hemolysis rates for the antecubital site [average risk ratio of 0.45 (95% CI = 0.35-0.571]. Conclusions: Use of new straight needle venipuncture instead of IV starts is effective at reducing hemolysis rates in EDs, and is recommended as an evidence-based best practice. The overall strength of evidence rating is high and the effect size is substantial. Unpublished studies made an important contribution to the body of evidence. When IV starts must be used, observed rates of hemolysis may be substantially reduced by placing the IV at the antecubital site. Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. (C) 2012 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Shaw, Colleen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nichols, James H.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med & Baystate Hlth, Medford, MA 02155 USA. RP Heyer, NJ (reprint author), 1100 Dexter Ave S,Suite 400, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM heyern@battelle.org RI Derzon, James/D-7220-2013 OI Liebow, Edward/0000-0002-1101-629X; Derzon, James/0000-0002-3997-1950 FU Laboratory Medicine Best Practices Initiative [W911NF-07-D-0001/DO 0191/TCN 07235] FX CDC funding for the Laboratory Medicine Best Practices Initiative to Battelle Centers for Public Health Research and Evaluation under contract W911NF-07-D-0001/DO 0191/TCN 07235. NR 25 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-9120 J9 CLIN BIOCHEM JI Clin. Biochem. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 45 IS 13-14 BP 1012 EP 1032 DI 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.08.002 PG 21 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 007PA UT WOS:000308899400005 PM 22968086 ER PT J AU Montero-Aguilar, M Munoz-Torres, F Elias-Boneta, AR Dye, B Joshipura, KJ AF Montero-Aguilar, M. Munoz-Torres, F. Elias-Boneta, A. R. Dye, B. Joshipura, K. J. TI High levels of periodontal disease among the older adult population in San Juan, Puerto Rico SO COMMUNITY DENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE periodontal disease; prevalence; representative sample; older adults ID ORAL-HEALTH; ATTACHMENT LOSS; UNITED-STATES; NEW-ENGLAND; PREVALENCE AB The Puerto Rican Elderly Dental Health Study is the first to evaluate the periodontal status of a representative sample in Puerto Rico. Objective: To assess the periodontal status among the elderly population in San Juan. Basic Research Design: Three dentists were trained and standardised by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) reference examiner. They examined elders aged 70-97 in the San Juan area from participants in a representative cohort of the Puerto Rican elderly. Probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL), and tooth mobility were assessed among the dentate participants on 4 sites on all teeth excluding third molars. We used the CDC-AAP definitions for moderate periodontitis (>= 2 teeth with AL >= 4mm at interproximal sites or >= 2 teeth with PD >= 5mm at interproximal sites) and severe periodontitis (>= 2 teeth with AL >= 6mm at interproximal sites and >= 1 teeth with PD >= 5mm at interproximal sites). Results: The participation rate was 47%, 183 individuals, mean age 77.9 (sd 5.9), and 67% were females. Mean number of teeth was 15.8 (sd 6.8), and tooth mobility was present in 18% of participants. Mean PD was 1.5 (sd 0.6) and mean AL was 2.8 mm (sd1.5). The prevalence of moderate and severe periodontitis (CDC-AAP) was 44.5% compared to 20.7% in the NHANES 1999-2004 survey among 75 years and older. Conclusions: Our study showed high levels of severe and moderate periodontal disease among Puerto Rican older adults. Further research is needed to understand the reasons for the high prevalence. C1 [Montero-Aguilar, M.; Munoz-Torres, F.; Elias-Boneta, A. R.; Joshipura, K. J.] Univ Puerto Rico, Sch Dent Med, Ctr Clin Res & Hlth Promot, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Montero-Aguilar, M.] Univ Costa Rica, Sch Dent, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Dye, B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Joshipura, KJ (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Sch Dent Med, Ctr Clin Res & Hlth Promot, Med Sci Campus,POB 365067, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. EM kaumudi.joshipura@upr.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R25RR17589, RO1AG1620904, G12RR03051, K24DE16884]; University of Costa Rica FX The authors acknowledge the PREDHS team's help with the study: Dr Enrique Santiago, Dr Maria L. Aguilar, Dr Sona Tumanyan, Dr Ana L. Davila, Dr Alberto Garcia, Ms Sasha Martinez, Ms Yari Valle, Ms Vanesza Robles, Mr Michael Brunelle, Ms Mildred Rivera, Ms Jennifer Torres, Ms Jennifer Guadalupe, Dr Monik Jimenez and Dr Maribel Campos. This investigation was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants R25RR17589, RO1AG1620904, G12RR03051, K24DE16884, and the University of Costa Rica. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU F D I WORLD DENTAL PRESS LTD PI LOWESTOFT PA 5 BATTERY GREEN RD, LOWESTOFT NR32 1 DE, SUFFOLK, ENGLAND SN 0265-539X J9 COMMUNITY DENT HLTH JI Community Dent. Health PD SEP PY 2012 VL 29 IS 3 BP 224 EP 228 DI 10.1922/CDH_2746Joshipura05 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 999HA UT WOS:000308299300008 PM 23038939 ER PT J AU Brengi, SP O'Brien, SB Pichel, M Iversen, C Arduino, M Binsztein, N Jensen, B Pagotto, F Ribot, EM Stephan, R Cernela, N Cooper, K Fanning, S AF Brengi, Silvina P. O'Brien, Stephen B. Pichel, Mariana Iversen, Carol Arduino, Matthew Binsztein, Norma Jensen, Bette Pagotto, Franco Ribot, Efrain M. Stephan, Roger Cernela, Nicole Cooper, Kara Fanning, Seamus TI Development and Validation of a PulseNet Standardized Protocol for Subtyping Isolates of Cronobacter Species SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; FOODBORNE DISEASE OUTBREAKS; POWDERED INFANT FORMULA; ENTEROBACTER-SAKAZAKII; TYPEABILITY; INFECTIONS; PREVALENCE; SHIGELLA; FOOD; PCR AB Cronobacter (formerly known as Enterobacter sakazakii) is a genus comprising seven species regarded as opportunistic pathogens that can be found in a wide variety of environments and foods, including powdered infant formula (PIF). Cronobacter sakazakii, the major species of this genus, has been epidemiologically linked to cases of bacteremia, meningitis in neonates, and necrotizing enterocolitis, and contaminated PIF has been identified as an important source of infection. Robust and reproducible subtyping methods are required to aid in the detection and investigation, of foodborne outbreaks. In this study, a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) protocol was developed and validated for subtyping Cronobacter species. It was derived from an existing modified PulseNet protocol, wherein XbaI and SpeI were the primary and secondary restriction enzymes used, generating an average of 14.7 and 20.3 bands, respectively. The PFGE method developed was both reproducible and discriminatory for subtyping Cronobacter species. C1 [O'Brien, Stephen B.; Iversen, Carol; Fanning, Seamus] Univ Coll Dublin, UCD Vet Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth & Populat Sci, WHO Collaborating Ctr Res Reference & Training Cr, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Brengi, Silvina P.; Pichel, Mariana; Binsztein, Norma] INEI ANLIS Dr Carlos G Malbran, Serv Enterobacterias, Dept Bacteriol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Arduino, Matthew; Jensen, Bette; Ribot, Efrain M.; Cooper, Kara] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pagotto, Franco] Hlth Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [Stephan, Roger; Cernela, Nicole] Univ Zurich, Inst Food Safety & Hyg, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Fanning, S (reprint author), Univ Coll Dublin, UCD Ctr Food Safety, Sch Publ Hlth Physiotherapy & Populat Sci, UCD Vet Sci Ctr, Dublin 4, Ireland. EM sfanning@ucd.ie OI Fanning, Seamus/0000-0002-1922-8836 NR 35 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 17 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 9 IS 9 BP 861 EP 867 DI 10.1089/fpd.2012.1161 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 004RU UT WOS:000308699600014 PM 22891917 ER PT J AU Yang, BY Kim, M Madden, M AF Yang, Byungyun Kim, Minho Madden, Marguerite TI Assessing Optimal Image Fusion Methods for Very High Spatial Resolution Satellite Images to Support Coastal Monitoring SO GISCIENCE & REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID WAVELET DECOMPOSITION; TRANSFORM METHOD; BARRIER-ISLAND; FLORIDA-KEYS; LANDSAT TM; IHS; INDICATORS; QUALITY AB This study examines best image fusion approaches for generating pansharpened very high resolution (VHR) multispectral images to be utilized for monitoring coastal barrier island development. Selected fusion techniques assessed in this research come from the three categories of spectral substitution (e.g., Brovey transform and multiplicative merging), arithmetic merging (e.g., modified intensity-hue-saturation and principal component analysis), and spatial domain (e.g., high-pass filter, and subtractive resolution merge). The image fusion methods selected for this study were capable of producing pansharpened VHR images with more than three bands. Comparisons of fusion techniques were applied to images from three satellite sensors: United States commercial satellites IKONOS and QuickBird, and the Korean KOMPSAT II. Pansharpened VHR multispectral images were assessed by spectral and spatial quality measurements. Results satisfying both spectral and spatial quality revealed optimum pansharpened techniques necessary for regular coastal mapping of barrier islands. These techniques may also be used to assess the quality of recently available VHR imagery acquired by numerous international, government, and commercial VHR satellite programs. C1 [Yang, Byungyun] Univ S Florida, Dept Geog Environm & Planning, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Kim, Minho] Sangmyung Univ, Dept Geog, Seoul 110743, South Korea. [Yang, Byungyun; Madden, Marguerite] Univ Georgia, Dept Geog, Ctr Remote Sensing & Mapping Sci CRMS, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Kim, Minho] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Yang, BY (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Geog Environm & Planning, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. EM yby@uga.edu NR 49 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU BELLWETHER PUBL LTD PI COLUMBIA PA 8640 GUILFORD RD, STE 200, COLUMBIA, MD 21046 USA SN 1548-1603 J9 GISCI REMOTE SENS JI GISci. Remote Sens. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 49 IS 5 BP 687 EP 710 DI 10.2747/1548-1603.49.5.687 PG 24 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA 005OL UT WOS:000308759600004 ER PT J AU Bruce, M Morris, J Bruden, D Reasonover, A Hurlburt, D McMahon, B AF Bruce, M. Morris, J. Bruden, D. Reasonover, A. Hurlburt, D. McMahon, B. TI ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI ISOLATES IN ALASKA NATIVE PERSONS FROM 2000 TO 2011: RESULTS FROM THE ALASKA SENTINEL SURVEILLANCE PROJECT SO HELICOBACTER LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 25th International Workshop on Helicobacter and Related Bacteria in Chronic Digestive Inflammation and Gastric Cancer CY SEP 13-15, 2012 CL Ljubljana, SLOVENIA C1 [Bruce, M.; Morris, J.; Bruden, D.; Reasonover, A.; Hurlburt, D.] CDC, Anchorage, AK USA. [McMahon, B.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Anchorage, AK USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1083-4389 J9 HELICOBACTER JI Helicobacter PD SEP PY 2012 VL 17 SU 1 SI SI BP 74 EP 74 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology GA 003AX UT WOS:000308581600034 ER PT J AU Brussoni, M Olsen, LL Pike, I Sleet, DA AF Brussoni, Mariana Olsen, Lise L. Pike, Ian Sleet, David A. TI Risky Play and Children's Safety: Balancing Priorities for Optimal Child Development SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review DE injury prevention; outdoor play; risky play; active play; child development; playground safety ID UNINTENTIONAL INJURY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ADOLESCENTS; NEIGHBORHOOD; MANAGEMENT; IDENTITY; ANXIETY; PARENT; POLICY; ISSUES AB Injury prevention plays a key role in keeping children safe, but emerging research suggests that imposing too many restrictions on children's outdoor risky play hinders their development. We explore the relationship between child development, play, and conceptions of risk taking with the aim of informing child injury prevention. Generational trends indicate children's diminishing engagement in outdoor play is influenced by parental and societal concerns. We outline the importance of play as a necessary ingredient for healthy child development and review the evidence for arguments supporting the need for outdoor risky play, including: (1) children have a natural propensity towards risky play; and, (2) keeping children safe involves letting them take and manage risks. Literature from many disciplines supports the notion that safety efforts should be balanced with opportunities for child development through outdoor risky play. New avenues for investigation and action are emerging seeking optimal strategies for keeping children "as safe asnecessary," not "as safe as possible." This paradigm shift represents a potential for epistemological growth as well as cross-disciplinary collaboration to foster optimal child development while preserving children's safety. C1 [Brussoni, Mariana] Univ British Columbia, British Columbia Childrens Hosp, British Columbia Injury Res & Prevent Unit, Dept Pediat,Sch Populat & Publ Hlth,Child & Famil, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada. [Sleet, David A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Brussoni, M (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, British Columbia Childrens Hosp, British Columbia Injury Res & Prevent Unit, Dept Pediat,Sch Populat & Publ Hlth,Child & Famil, L408-4480 Oak St, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada. EM mbrussoni@cw.bc.ca; lolsen@cw.bc.ca; ipike@cw.bc.ca; dds6@cdc.gov OI Pike, Ian/0000-0002-6860-7760 FU Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (MSFHR) scholar award; British Columbia Child and Family Research Institute; British Columbia Child and Family Research Institute (CFRI); CFRI FX Career support for Mariana Brussoni is provided by a Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (MSFHR) scholar award and a British Columbia Child and Family Research Institute salary award. Career support for Ian Pike is provided by a British Columbia Child and Family Research Institute (CFRI) salary award. Lise Olsen is supported by a CFRI post doctoral award. Special thanks to Genevieve Creighton and Lori Wagar for their assistance in the preparation of this article. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 85 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 8 U2 36 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD SEP PY 2012 VL 9 IS 9 BP 3134 EP 3148 DI 10.3390/ijerph9093134 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 012XP UT WOS:000309270300008 PM 23202675 ER PT J AU Moonesinghe, R Fleming, E Truman, BI Dean, HD AF Moonesinghe, Ramal Fleming, Eleanor Truman, Benedict I. Dean, Hazel D. TI Linear and Non-Linear Associations of Gonorrhea Diagnosis Rates with Social Determinants of Health SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE social determinants of health; gonorrhea diagnosis rates; product moment correlation; maximal information coefficient ID UNITED-STATES; DISPARITIES; DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; COLLECTION; SYSTEMS; HIV AB Identifying how social determinants of health (SDH) influence the burden of disease in communities and populations is critically important to determine how to target public health interventions and move toward health equity. A holistic approach to disease prevention involves understanding the combined effects of individual, social, health system, and environmental determinants on geographic area-based disease burden. Using 2006-2008 gonorrhea surveillance data from the National Notifiable Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance and SDH variables from the American Community Survey, we calculated the diagnosis rate for each geographic area and analyzed the associations between those rates and the SDH and demographic variables. The estimated product moment correlation (PMC) between gonorrhea rate and SDH variables ranged from 0.11 to 0.83. Proportions of the population that were black, of minority race/ethnicity, and unmarried, were each strongly correlated with gonorrhea diagnosis rates. The population density, female proportion, and proportion below the poverty level were moderately correlated with gonorrhea diagnosis rate. To better understand relationships among SDH, demographic variables, and gonorrhea diagnosis rates, more geographic area-based estimates of additional variables are required. With the availability of more SDH variables and methods that distinguish linear from non-linear associations, geographic area-based analysis of disease incidence and SDH can add value to public health prevention and control programs. C1 [Moonesinghe, Ramal; Fleming, Eleanor; Truman, Benedict I.; Dean, Hazel D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fleming, Eleanor] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Appl Sci, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Moonesinghe, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rmoonesinghe@cdc.gov; efleming@cdc.gov; btruman@cdc.gov; hdean@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD SEP PY 2012 VL 9 IS 9 BP 3149 EP 3165 DI 10.3390/ijerph9093149 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 012XP UT WOS:000309270300009 PM 23202676 ER PT J AU Barbouni, A Hadjichristodoulou, C Merakou, K Antoniadou, E Kourea, K Miloni, E Warren, CW Rachiotis, G Kremastinou, J AF Barbouni, Anastasia Hadjichristodoulou, Christos Merakou, Kyriakoula Antoniadou, Eleni Kourea, Kallirrhoe Miloni, Evangelia Warren, Charles W. Rachiotis, George Kremastinou, Jenny TI Tobacco Use, Exposure to Secondhand Smoke, and Cessation Counseling Among Health Professions Students: Greek Data from the Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS) (vol 9, pg 331, 2012) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Correction C1 [Barbouni, Anastasia; Merakou, Kyriakoula; Antoniadou, Eleni; Kourea, Kallirrhoe; Miloni, Evangelia; Kremastinou, Jenny] Natl Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, Athens 11521, Greece. [Hadjichristodoulou, Christos; Rachiotis, George] Univ Thessaly, Fac Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, Larisa 41222, Greece. [Warren, Charles W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Barbouni, A (reprint author), Natl Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, Alexandras Av 196, Athens 11521, Greece. EM abarbouni@esdy.edu.gr; xhatzi@med.uth.gr; kmerakou@esdy.edu.gr; eantoniadou@gmail.com; publichealth@esdy.edu.gr; m-kelly@live.com; wcw1@cdc.gov; grach@med.uth.gr; jkremastinou@esdy.edu.gr NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD SEP PY 2012 VL 9 IS 9 BP 3317 EP 3317 DI 10.3390/ijerph9093317 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 012XP UT WOS:000309270300021 ER PT J AU Krahn, G AF Krahn, Gloria TI In Memoriam Henry A. (Hank) Bersani, Jr. SO JOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Krahn, G (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1741-1122 J9 J POLICY PRACT INTEL JI J. Policy Pract. Intellect. Disabil. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 9 IS 3 BP 157 EP 158 DI 10.1111/j.1741-1130.2012.00350.x PG 2 WC Health Policy & Services; Rehabilitation SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Rehabilitation GA 003BX UT WOS:000308584300001 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Huang, PW Tan, M Liu, YL Biesiada, J Meller, J Castello, AA Jiang, BM Jiang, X AF Liu, Yang Huang, Pengwei Tan, Ming Liu, Yiliu Biesiada, Jacek Meller, Jarek Castello, Alejandro A. Jiang, Baoming Jiang, Xi TI Rotavirus VP8(star): Phylogeny, Host Range, and Interaction with Histo-Blood Group Antigens SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SIALIC-ACID DEPENDENCE; GROUP-A ROTAVIRUS; CELL ENTRY; BOVINE ROTAVIRUSES; NOROVIRUS; STRAINS; DOMAIN; BINDING; ATTACHMENT; RECEPTORS AB The distal portion of rotavirus (RV) VP4 spike protein (VP8(star)) is implicated in binding to cellular receptors, thereby facilitating viral attachment and entry. While VP8(star) of some animal RVs engage sialic acid, human RVs often attach to and enter cells in a sialic acid-independent manner. A recent study demonstrated that the major human RVs (P[4], P[6], and P[8]) recognize human histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs). In this study, we performed a phylogenetic analysis of RVs and showed further variations of RV interaction with HBGAs. On the basis of the VP8(star) sequences, RVs are grouped into five P genogroups (P[I] to P[V]), of which P[I], P[IV], and P[V] mainly infect animals, P[II] infects humans, and P[III] infects both animals and humans. The sialic acid-dependent RVs (P[1], P[2], P[3], and P[7]) form a subcluster within P [I], while all three major P genotypes of human RVs (P[4], P[6], and P[8]) are clustered in P[II]. We then characterized three human RVs (P[9], P[14], and P[25]) in P[III] and observed a new pattern of binding to the type A antigen which is distinct from that of the P[II] RVs. The binding was demonstrated by hemagglutination and saliva binding assay using recombinant VP8(star) and native RVs. Homology modeling and mutagenesis study showed that the locations of the carbohydrate binding interfaces are shared with the sialic acid-dependent RVs, although different amino acids are involved. The P[III] VP8(star) proteins also bind the A antigens of the porcine and bovine mucins, suggesting the A antigen as a possible factor for cross-species transmission of RVs. Our study suggests that HBGAs play an important role in RV infection and evolution. C1 [Liu, Yang; Huang, Pengwei; Tan, Ming; Liu, Yiliu; Jiang, Xi] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati Coll Med, Div Infect Dis, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Biesiada, Jacek; Meller, Jarek] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati Coll Med, Div Biomed Informat, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Meller, Jarek] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati Coll Med, Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Castello, Alejandro A.] Univ Nacl Quilmes, Lab Immunol & Virol LIV, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Jiang, Baoming] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tan, M (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati Coll Med, Div Infect Dis, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM ming.tan@cchmc.org; jason.jiang@cchmc.org RI Biesiada, Jacek/D-3587-2011; Meller, Jaroslaw/A-1971-2011 OI Meller, Jaroslaw/0000-0002-1162-8253 FU National Institutes of Health through the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R01 AI37093, R01 AI055649]; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [P01 HD13021, R21AI092434-01A1] FX This study was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health through the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01 AI37093 and R01 AI055649) and National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P01 HD13021) to X.J. and R21AI092434-01A1 to M.T. Computational resources were provided by the Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. NR 57 TC 51 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 86 IS 18 BP 9899 EP 9910 DI 10.1128/JVI.00979-12 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 999TI UT WOS:000308337500032 PM 22761376 ER PT J AU Purdy, MA AF Purdy, Michael A. TI Evolution of the Hepatitis E Virus Polyproline Region: Order from Disorder SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTRINSICALLY UNSTRUCTURED PROTEINS; GENOTYPE AB The hepatitis E virus (HEV) polyproline region (PPR) is an intrinsically unstructured region (IDR). This relaxed structure allows IDRs, which are implicated in the regulation of transcription and translation, to bind multiple ligands. Originally the nucleotide variability seen in the HEV PPR was assumed to be due to high rates of insertion and deletion. This study shows that the mutation rate is about the same in the PPR as in the rest of the nonstructural polyprotein. The difference between the PPR and the rest of the polyprotein is due to the higher tolerance of the PPR for substitutions at the first and second codon positions. With this higher promiscuity there is a shift in nucleotide occupation of these codons leading to translation of more cytosine residues: a shift that leads to more proline, alanine, serine, and threonine being encoded rather than histidine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine. This pattern of amino acid usage is typical of proline-rich IDRs. Increased usage of cytosine also leads to >22% of all amino acids in the PPR being prolines. Alignments of PPR sequences from HEV strains representing all genotypes indicate that all zoonotic isolates share an ancestor, and the carboxyl half of the PPR is more tolerant of mutations than the amino half. The evolution of HEV PPR, in contrast with that of the rest of the nonstructural polyprotein, is molded by pressures that lead toward increased proline usage with a corresponding decrease in the usage of aromatic amino acids, favoring formation of IDR structures. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Infect Dis, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD TB Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Purdy, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Infect Dis, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD TB Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, MS-A33, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM mup3@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 86 IS 18 BP 10186 EP 10193 DI 10.1128/JVI.01374-12 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 999TI UT WOS:000308337500058 PM 22811526 ER PT J AU Marston, DA Ellis, RJ Horton, DL Kuzmin, IV Wise, EL McElhinney, LM Banyard, AC Ngeleja, C Keyyu, J Cleaveland, S Lembo, T Rupprecht, CE Fooks, AR AF Marston, Denise A. Ellis, Richard J. Horton, Daniel L. Kuzmin, Ivan V. Wise, Emma L. McElhinney, Lorraine M. Banyard, Ashley C. Ngeleja, Chanasa Keyyu, Julius Cleaveland, Sarah Lembo, Tiziana Rupprecht, Charles E. Fooks, Anthony R. TI Complete Genome Sequence of Ikoma Lyssavirus SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID BAT AB Lyssaviruses (family Rhabdoviridae) constitute one of the most important groups of viral zoonoses globally. All lyssaviruses cause the disease rabies, an acute progressive encephalitis for which, once symptoms occur, there is no effective cure. Currently available vaccines are highly protective against the predominantly circulating lyssavirus species. Using next-generation sequencing technologies, we have obtained the whole-genome sequence for a novel lyssavirus, Ikoma lyssavirus (IKOV), isolated from an African civet in Tanzania displaying clinical signs of rabies. Genetically, this virus is the most divergent within the genus Lyssavirus. Characterization of the genome will help to improve our understanding of lyssavirus diversity and enable investigation into vaccine-induced immunity and protection. C1 [Marston, Denise A.; Horton, Daniel L.; Wise, Emma L.; McElhinney, Lorraine M.; Banyard, Ashley C.; Fooks, Anthony R.] Anim Hlth & Vet Labs Agcy, Wildlife Zoonoses & Vector Borne Dis Res Grp, Surrey, England. [Ellis, Richard J.] Anim Hlth & Vet Labs Agcy, Specialist Sci Support Dept, Surrey, England. [Kuzmin, Ivan V.; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Rabies Program, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [McElhinney, Lorraine M.; Fooks, Anthony R.] Univ Liverpool, Natl Consortium Zoonosis Res, Neston, South Wirral, England. [Ngeleja, Chanasa] Cent Vet Lab, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Keyyu, Julius] Tanzania Wildlife Res Inst, Arusha, Tanzania. [Cleaveland, Sarah; Lembo, Tiziana] MRC Univ Glasgow, Ctr Virus Res, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. RP Fooks, AR (reprint author), Anim Hlth & Vet Labs Agcy, Wildlife Zoonoses & Vector Borne Dis Res Grp, Surrey, England. EM Tony.Fooks@ahvla.gsi.gov.uk RI Ellis, Richard/A-9176-2008; Horton, Daniel/D-9909-2011; Wise, Emma/D-7998-2011; Banyard, Ashley/C-7998-2011; McElhinney, Lorraine/C-7997-2011; Marston, Denise/D-7993-2011; APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010; Fooks, Anthony/F-5418-2010 OI Ellis, Richard/0000-0002-2690-9090; Horton, Daniel/0000-0002-9126-2756; Banyard, Ashley/0000-0002-1286-9825; McElhinney, Lorraine/0000-0002-6022-348X; Marston, Denise/0000-0001-9215-088X; FU Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs [SE0424, SE0427]; EU [19 228292] FX This work was supported by grants from The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (SE0424 and SE0427) and by the EU FP7-funded Research Infrastructure Grant European Virus Archive (no. 19 228292). NR 4 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 86 IS 18 BP 10242 EP 10243 DI 10.1128/JVI.01628-12 PG 2 WC Virology SC Virology GA 999TI UT WOS:000308337500076 PM 22923801 ER PT J AU Rizza, SA MacGowan, RJ Purcell, DW Branson, BM Temesgen, Z AF Rizza, Stacey A. MacGowan, Robin J. Purcell, David W. Branson, Bernard M. Temesgen, Zelalem TI HIV Screening in the Health Care Setting: Status, Barriers, and Potential Solutions SO MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; CENTER PERSONNEL; ROUTINE; INFECTION; ADULTS; PREVENTION; COMMUNITY AB Thirty years into the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic in the United States, an estimated 50,000 persons become infected each year: highest rates are in black and Hispanic populations and in men who have sex with men. Testing for HIV has become more widespread over time, with the highest rates of HIV testing in populations most affected by HIV. However, approximately 55% of adults in the United States have never received an HIV test. Because of the individual and community benefits of treatment for HIV, in 2006 the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended routine screening for HIV infection in clinical settings. The adoption of this recommendation has been gradual owing to a variety of issues: lack of awareness and misconceptions related to HIV screening by physicians and patients, barriers at the facility and legislative levels, costs associated with testing, and conflicting recommendations concerning the value of routine screening. Reducing or eliminating these barriers is needed to increase the implementation of routine screening in clinical settings so that more people with unrecognized infection can be identified, linked to care, and provided treatment to improve their health and prevent new cases of HIV infection in the United States, (c) 2012 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research square Mayo Ctin Proc. 2012;87(9):915-924 C1 [Rizza, Stacey A.; Temesgen, Zelalem] Mayo Clin, Div Infect Dis, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [MacGowan, Robin J.; Purcell, David W.; Branson, Bernard M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Temesgen, Z (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Div Infect Dis, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM temesgen.zelalem@mayo.edu OI Purcell, David/0000-0001-8125-5168 NR 67 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0025-6196 EI 1942-5546 J9 MAYO CLIN PROC JI Mayo Clin. Proc. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 87 IS 9 BP 915 EP 924 DI 10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.06.021 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 009MT UT WOS:000309030600015 PM 22958996 ER PT J AU Iqbal, S Clower, JH King, M Bell, J Yip, FY AF Iqbal, Shahed Clower, Jacquelyn H. King, Michael Bell, Jeneita Yip, Fuyuen Y. TI National Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Surveillance Framework and Recent Estimates SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; EXPOSURE AB Objectives. Unintentional, non-fire-related (UNFR) carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a leading cause of poisoning in the United States. A comprehensive national CO poisoning surveillance framework is needed to obtain accurate estimates of CO poisoning burden and guide prevention efforts. This article describes the current national CO poisoning surveillance framework and reports the most recent national estimates. Methods. We analyzed mortality data from the National Vital Statistics System multiple cause-of-death file, emergency department (ED) and hospitalization data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's Nationwide Emergency Department Sample and Nationwide Inpatient Sample, hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) data from HBOT facilities, exposure data from the National Poison Data System, and CO alarm prevalence data from the American Housing Survey and the National Health Interview Survey. Results. In the United States, 2,631 UNFR CO deaths occurred from 1999 to 2004, an average of 439 deaths annually. In 2007, there were 21,304 (71 per one million population) ED visits and 2,302 (eight per one million population) hospitalizations for confirmed cases of CO poisoning. In 2009, 552 patients received HBOT, and from 2000 to 2009, 68,316 UNFR CO exposures were reported to poison centers. Most nonfatal poisonings were among children (<18 years of age) and females; hospitalizations and deaths occurred more frequently among males and elderly people (>65 years of age). More poisonings occurred during winter months and in the Midwest and Northeast. Conclusions. UNFR CO poisoning poses a significant public health burden. Systematic evaluation of data sources coupled with modification and expansion of the surveillance framework might assist in developing effective prevention strategies. C1 [Iqbal, Shahed; Clower, Jacquelyn H.; King, Michael; Bell, Jeneita; Yip, Fuyuen Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bell, Jeneita] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Surveillance,Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program O, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Iqbal, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D-26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM SIqbal@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 127 IS 5 BP 486 EP 496 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 004MB UT WOS:000308684700004 PM 22942466 ER PT J AU Tyler, CP Grady, SC Grigorescu, V Luke, B Todem, D Paneth, N AF Tyler, Crystal P. Grady, Sue C. Grigorescu, Violanda Luke, Barbara Todem, David Paneth, Nigel TI Impact of Fetal Death Reporting Requirements on Early Neonatal and Fetal Mortality Rates and Racial Disparities SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; INFANT-MORTALITY; PERINATAL-MORTALITY; UNITED-STATES; LIVE BIRTHS; LESS; RISK; RACE AB Objective. Racial disparities in infant and neonatal mortality vary substantially across the U.S. with some states experiencing wider disparities than others. Many factors are thought to contribute to these disparities, but state differences in fetal death reporting have received little attention. We examined whether such reporting requirements may explain national variation in neonatal and fetal mortality rates and racial disparities. Methods. We used data on non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black infants from the U.S. 2000-2002 linked birth/infant death and fetal death records to determine the degree to which state fetal death reporting requirements explain national variation in neonatal and fetal mortality rates and racial disparities. States were grouped depending upon whether they based the lower limit for fetal death reporting on birthweight alone, gestational age alone, both birthweight and gestational age, or required reporting of all fetal deaths. Traditional methods and the fetuses-at-risk approach were used to calculate mortality rates, 95% confidence intervals, and relative and absolute racial disparity measures in these four groups. Results. States with birthweight-alone fetal death thresholds substantially underreported fetal deaths at lower gestations and slightly overreported neonatal deaths at older gestations. This finding was reflected by these states having the highest neonatal mortality rates and disparities, but the lowest fetal mortality rates and disparities. Conclusions. Using birthweight alone as a reporting threshold may promote some shift of fetal deaths to newborn deaths, contributing to racial disparities in neonatal mortality. The adoption of a uniform national threshold for reporting fetal deaths could reduce systematic differences in live birth and fetal death reporting. C1 [Todem, David] Michigan State Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Div Biostat, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Grady, Sue C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Grigorescu, Violanda] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. [Luke, Barbara] Michigan State Univ, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Paneth, Nigel] Michigan State Univ, Dept Pediat, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Tyler, CP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ctyler@cdc.gov FU National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Predoctoral Fellowship [HD046377] FX This research was supported by a National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Predoctoral Fellowship HD046377 to Crystal Pirtle Tyler. This project involved secondary data analysis using a preapproved data file and was, therefore, determined to be exempt from approval by the Michigan State University Institutional Review Board. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 127 IS 5 BP 507 EP 515 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 004MB UT WOS:000308684700006 PM 22942468 ER PT J AU Barradas, DT Barfield, WD Wright, V D'Angelo, D Manning, SE Schieve, LA AF Barradas, Danielle T. Barfield, Wanda D. Wright, Victoria D'Angelo, Denise Manning, Susan E. Schieve, Laura A. TI Assessment of Assisted Reproductive Technology Use Questions: Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System Survey, 2004 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; BIRTH; CONCEPTION; SINGLETONS; TWINS AB Objective. Women who conceive with the assistance of fertility treatments are at increased risk for multiple-gestation pregnancies and accompanying adverse pregnancy outcomes. The Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) can be used to assess outcomes associated with fertility treatments, but a previous study suggested that PRAMS questions about fertility treatments overestimated use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) by 2.6 times. These PRAMS ART questions were revised in 2004. We compared prevalence estimates based on revised questions with counts from the National ART Surveillance System (NASS), the standard for describing ART prevalence. Methods. We compared weighted PRAMS prevalence estimates of births conceived by using ART with corresponding counts from NASS for three states (Florida, Maryland, and Utah) for 2004. We also compared these data by age, parity, plurality, and infant birthweight. Results. Estimated ART births determined from PRAMS totaled 3,672 (95% confidence interval 2,210, 5,134), compared with 2,939 ART births reported to NASS. PRAMS estimates and NASS counts differed by maternal age (p=0.02) and parity (p<0.01). For example, PRAMS responses from women aged >= 40 years overestimated ART use by 70% (27.9% vs. 16.5%, p<0.01). Conclusions. Revised PRAMS questions better estimate numbers of ART births than earlier PRAMS questions. PRAMS data are useful to describe behaviors and outcomes associated with ART use. C1 [Barradas, Danielle T.; Barfield, Wanda D.; Wright, Victoria; D'Angelo, Denise; Manning, Susan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Manning, Susan E.] Massachusetts Dept Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Schieve, Laura A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Barradas, DT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dbarradas@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 127 IS 5 BP 516 EP 523 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 004MB UT WOS:000308684700007 PM 22942469 ER PT J AU Voetsch, AC Heffelfinger, JD Yonek, J Patel, P Ethridge, SF Torres, GW Lampe, MA Branson, BM AF Voetsch, Andrew C. Heffelfinger, James D. Yonek, Juliet Patel, Pragna Ethridge, Steven F. Torres, Gretchen W. Lampe, Margaret A. Branson, Bernard M. TI HIV Screening Practices in US Hospitals, 2009-2010 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; FOR-DISEASE-CONTROL; HEALTH-CARE SETTINGS; HIGH-PREVALENCE AREA; NEW-YORK-CITY; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT; UNITED-STATES; MISSED OPPORTUNITIES; TESTING RECOMMENDATIONS; PATIENT PERCEPTIONS AB Objective. A 2004 national survey of hospitals showed that 23.4% of hospitals screened for HIV in at least one department, most frequently in labor and delivery departments. However, less than 2% of these hospitals screened patients in inpatient units, urgent care clinics, or emergency departments. In 2006, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended HIV screening for all individuals 13-64 years of age in health-care settings. We determined the frequency of hospital adoption of these CDC recommendations. Methods. We surveyed hospital infection-control personnel at a randomly selected sample of U.S. general medical and surgical hospitals in 2009-2010. Results. Of the 1,476 hospitals selected for the survey, 754 (51.1%) responded to the survey; of those responding, 703 (93.2%) offered HIV tests for patients at the hospital and 206 (27.3%) screened for HIV in at least one department. Screening was most common in larger hospitals (45.7%), hospitals in large metropolitan areas (50.5%), and teaching hospitals (44.4%); it was least common in public hospitals (19.1%). By department, screening was most common in labor and delivery departments (34.6%) and substance abuse clinics (20.7%); it was least common in emergency departments (11.9%), inpatient units (9.6%), and psychiatry/mental health departments (9.4%). More than half of hospitals were not considering implementing CDC's recommendations within the next 12 months. Conclusions. Since 2004, HIV screening in hospitals increased overall and by department. However, the majority of U.S. hospitals have not adopted the CDC recommendations. C1 [Voetsch, Andrew C.; Heffelfinger, James D.; Patel, Pragna; Ethridge, Steven F.; Lampe, Margaret A.; Branson, Bernard M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Yonek, Juliet; Torres, Gretchen W.] Hlth Res & Educ Trust, Amer Hosp Assoc, Chicago, IL USA. RP Voetsch, AC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, MS E-46,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aav6@cdc.gov NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 127 IS 5 BP 524 EP 531 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 004MB UT WOS:000308684700008 PM 22942470 ER PT J AU Yusa, V Ye, XY Calafat, AM AF Yusa, Vicent Ye, Xiaoyun Calafat, Antonia M. TI Methods for the determination of biomarkers of exposure to emerging pollutants in human specimens SO TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Biomarker; Blood; Breast milk; Emerging pollutant; Flame retardant; Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); Musk fragrance; Perfluorinated compound; Personal-care product; Urine ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FLAME-RETARDANT METABOLITES; SYNTHETIC MUSK FRAGRANCES; BAR-SORPTIVE EXTRACTION; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; PERSONAL-CARE PRODUCTS; HUMAN BREAST-MILK; HPLC-MS/MS METHOD; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN URINE AB Biomonitoring is a very useful tool for assessing human exposure to environmental pollutants. This review discusses recent methods for the quantitative measurement of biomarkers of exposure to different classes of chemicals used in personal-care products (e.g., musk fragrances, preservatives, UV filters, and insect repellents) and consumer products (e.g., organophosphate flame retardants, phthalate esters, perfluorinated compounds, and industrial phenols). The measurements are mainly taken in urine, blood, and breast milk. We also discuss the different procedures commonly used for sample-pretreatment, extraction, and clean up, and chromatographic techniques currently used to determine these compounds. Finally, we present data on the main biomarkers occurring in different human specimens. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yusa, Vicent] Publ Hlth Res Ctr Valencia CSISP, Valencia 46020, Spain. [Ye, Xiaoyun; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Yusa, V (reprint author), Publ Hlth Res Ctr Valencia CSISP, Av Catalunya 21, Valencia 46020, Spain. EM yusa_vic@gva.es RI Yusa, Vicent/L-3495-2014 OI Yusa, Vicent/0000-0003-2817-1453 FU Valencia's Ministry of Education through the BEST research grant FX Vicent Yusa acknowledges the Valencia's Ministry of Education for support through the BEST 2011 research grant. NR 67 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 10 U2 124 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0165-9936 EI 1879-3142 J9 TRAC-TREND ANAL CHEM JI Trac-Trends Anal. Chem. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 38 BP 129 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.trac.2012.05.004 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 007RG UT WOS:000308905200019 PM 26705372 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Sun, K Yu, L Tang, ZR Huang, SB Meng, ZH Zheng, YJ Wen, Y Zhu, H Chen, RY Varma, JK Zhang, FJ AF Zhang, Yao Sun, Kai Yu, Lan Tang, Zhirong Huang, Shaobiao Meng, Zhihao Zheng, Yuanjia Wen, Yi Zhu, Hao Chen, Ray Y. Varma, Jay K. Zhang, Fujie TI Factors associated with survival among adults with HIV-associated TB in Guangxi, China: a retrospective cohort study SO FUTURE VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HAART; HIV; survival; tuberculosis ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; INFECTED PATIENTS; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; COTRIMOXAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS; RISK-FACTORS; MORTALITY; DIAGNOSIS; THAILAND; COINFECTION AB Aim: Although China has the second highest burden of TB in the world and faces a burgeoning HIV epidemic, the epidemiology and 12-month clinical outcomes of HIV-infected TB patients have not previously been reported. Methods: We reviewed records of all HIV-infected adults diagnosed with culture-confirmed TB from four HIV clinics in Guangxi, China from August 2006 to December 2008. Factors associated with patients' survival within 12 months after TB diagnosis were evaluated in Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Among the 201 patients included, 47 (23%) died within 12 months. Median CD4 count at TB diagnosis was 37 cells/mm(3) (interquartile range: 16-102). Receiving HAART (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR): 4.2; 95% CI: 1.6-10.8), receiving TB treatment (AHR: 9.0; 95% CI: 1.5-53.5) and baseline BMI >= 18.5 (AHR: 8.4; 95% CI: 1.9-35.8) were independently associated with survival. Among 171 (85%) patients who received TB treatment, receiving HAART (HR: 5.1; 95% CI: 2.4-10.7) was the only factor significantly associated with survival. Conclusion: HIV-infected Chinese patients diagnosed with TB in Guangxi are at high risk of death within 12 months, a risk that is strongly mitigated by antiretroviral therapy. Improving survival from HIV-associated TB in China will require the integration of TB and HIV programs to improve access to treatment for both diseases. C1 [Zhang, Yao; Yu, Lan; Wen, Yi; Zhang, Fujie] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr AIDS STD Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Sun, Kai; Zhu, Hao] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Tang, Zhirong] Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Guangxi, Nanning, Peoples R China. [Huang, Shaobiao] Nanning 4th Peoples Hosp, Nanning, Peoples R China. [Meng, Zhihao] Liuzhou Longtan Hosp, Liuzhou, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Yuanjia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Liuzhou City, Liuzhou, Peoples R China. [Chen, Ray Y.] NIAID, US Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Varma, Jay K.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhang, Fujie] Capital Med Univ, Beijing Ditan Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, FJ (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr AIDS STD Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM zhang.fujie.t@gmail.com OI Chen, Ray/0000-0001-6344-1442 FU China Ministry of Science and Technology Chinese National Basic Research Program [973:2006CB504201] FX This study was supported in part by the China Ministry of Science and Technology Chinese National Basic Research Program (973:2006CB504201). The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1746-0794 J9 FUTURE VIROL JI Future Virol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 7 IS 9 BP 933 EP 942 DI 10.2217/FVL.12.76 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 001GU UT WOS:000308449400013 ER PT J AU Borchert, JN Eisen, RJ Atiku, LA Delorey, MJ Mpanga, JT Babi, N Enscore, RE Gage, KL AF Borchert, Jeff N. Eisen, Rebecca J. Atiku, Linda A. Delorey, Mark J. Mpanga, Joseph T. Babi, Nackson Enscore, Russell E. Gage, Kenneth L. TI Efficacy of Indoor Residual Spraying Using Lambda-Cyhalothrin for Controlling Nontarget Vector Fleas (Siphonaptera) on Commensal Rats in a Plague Endemic Region of Northwestern Uganda SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE indoor residual spray; Rattus rattus; plague; flea; lambda-cyhalothrin ID EARLY-PHASE TRANSMISSION; YERSINIA-PESTIS; INSECTICIDE-RESISTANCE; SOUTH-AFRICA; MALARIA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; TANZANIA; PERMETHRIN; DISEASE; RODENTS AB Over the past two decades, the majority of human plague cases have been reported from areas in Africa, including Uganda. In an effort to develop affordable plague control methods within an integrated vector control framework, we evaluated the efficacy of indoor residual spraying (IRS) techniques commonly used for mosquito control for controlling fleas on hut-dwelling commensal rodents in a plague-endemic region of Uganda. We evaluated both the standard IRS spraying (walls and ceiling) and a modified IRS technique that included insecticide application on not only on walls and ceiling but also a portion of the floor of each treated hut. Our study demonstrated that both the standard and modified IRS applications were effective at significantly reducing the flea burden and flea infestation of commensal rodents for up to 100 d after application, suggesting that IRS could potentially provide simultaneous control of mosquito and fleaborne diseases. C1 [Borchert, Jeff N.; Eisen, Rebecca J.; Delorey, Mark J.; Enscore, Russell E.; Gage, Kenneth L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Atiku, Linda A.; Mpanga, Joseph T.; Babi, Nackson] Uganda Virus Res Inst, Entebbe, Uganda. RP Borchert, JN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM gqx1@cdc.gov NR 52 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 9 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 49 IS 5 BP 1027 EP 1034 DI 10.1603/ME11230 PG 8 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 007YK UT WOS:000308924100009 PM 23025183 ER PT J AU Methner, M Beaucham, C Crawford, C Hodson, L Geraci, C AF Methner, M. Beaucham, C. Crawford, C. Hodson, L. Geraci, C. TI Field Application of the Nanoparticle Emission Assessment Technique (NEAT): Task-Based Air Monitoring During the Processing of Engineered Nanomaterials (ENM) at Four Facilities SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE airborne mass concentration; emissions; exposure; nanoparticles; particle number concentration; qualitative transmission electron microscopy ID POTENTIAL INHALATION EXPOSURE; REACTOR CLEANOUT OPERATIONS; EXHAUST VENTILATION LEV; PARTICLES; IDENTIFICATION; PART AB In early 2006, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health created a field research team whose mission is to visit a variety of facilities engaged in the production, handling, or use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) and to conduct initial emission and exposure assessments to identify candidate sites for further study To conduct the assessments, the team developed the Nanoparticle Emission Assessment Technique (NEAT), which has been used at numerous facilities to sample multiple engineered nanomaterials. Data collected at four facilities, which volunteered to serve as test sites, indicate that specific tasks can release ENMs to the workplace atmosphere and that traditional controls such as ventilation can be used to limit exposure. Metrics such as particle number concentration (adjusted for background), airborne mass concentration, and qualitative transmission electron microscopy were used to determine the presence, nature, and magnitude of emissions and whether engineered nanomaterials migrated to the workers' breathing zone. C1 [Methner, M.; Beaucham, C.; Crawford, C.; Hodson, L.; Geraci, C.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Methner, M (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy R-11, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM MMethner@cdc.gov RI Hodson, Laura/F-4585-2011 FU National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences [1-ES-9026-01] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of Paul A. Schulte, manager of the NIOSH nanotechnology cross-sector program, and John Howard, director of NIOSH. The authors also extend sincere thanks to the facilities and employees who collaborated with us during each assessment. Partial support for this research was provided by the National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, through Interagency Agreement No. 1-ES-9026-01. NR 28 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 9 IS 9 BP 543 EP 555 DI 10.1080/15459624.2012.699388 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 002EU UT WOS:000308515400007 PM 22816668 ER PT J AU Fent, KW Durgam, S AF Fent, Kenneth W. Durgam, Srinivas TI Exposures to Pharmaceutical Dust at a Mail Order Pharmacy SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article C1 [Fent, Kenneth W.; Durgam, Srinivas] NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Fent, KW (reprint author), NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R-11, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM kfent@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 9 IS 9 BP D161 EP D166 DI 10.1080/15459624.2012.700203 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 002EU UT WOS:000308515400002 PM 22827852 ER PT J AU Asfaw, A Souza, K AF Asfaw, Abay Souza, Kerry TI Incidence and Cost of Depression After Occupational Injury SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MAJOR DEPRESSION; UNITED-STATES; WORK; WORKPLACE; EMPLOYEES; DISORDER; ILLNESS; FAMILY; RISK AB Objectives: We examined if injured workers were more likely than noninjured workers to be treated for depression after an occupational injury and estimated the cost paid by group medical insurance. Method: Nearly 367,900 injured and noninjured workers were drawn from the 2005 Thomson Reuters Market Scan data. Descriptive, logistic, and two-part model regression analyses were used. Results: The odds of injured workers being treated for depression within the study period were 45% higher than those of noninjured workers (95% confidence interval, 1.17-1.78). The unconditional average cost of outpatient depression treatment was 63% higher for injured workers than for noninjured workers. Conclusions: Injured workers were more likely than noninjured workers to suffer from depression during the study period. Consequently, additional costs are incurred for treating injured workers' depression; these costs were not covered by the workers' compensation system. C1 [Asfaw, Abay] NIOSH, Off Director, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Souza, Kerry] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Asfaw, A (reprint author), NIOSH, Off Director, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 395 E St SW, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM hqp0@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 54 IS 9 BP 1086 EP 1091 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3182636e29 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 003QB UT WOS:000308625300004 PM 22929794 ER PT J AU Davila, EP Kuklina, EV Valderrama, AL Yoon, PW Rolle, I Nsubuga, P AF Davila, Evelyn P. Kuklina, Elena V. Valderrama, Amy L. Yoon, Paula W. Rolle, Italia Nsubuga, Peter TI Prevalence, Management, and Control of Hypertension among US Workers Does Occupation Matter? SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; JOB STRAIN; UNITED-STATES; STRESS; COHORT; DRIVERS; OBESITY; DISEASE; NOISE AB Objective: The role of occupation in the management of cardiovascular risk factors including hypertension is not well known. Methods: We analyzed the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data of 6928 workers aged 20 years or older from 40 occupational groups. Hypertension was defined as measured blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg or greater or self-reported use of antihypertensive medication, treatment as use of antihypertensive medication, awareness as ever being told by a doctor about having hypertension, and control as having blood pressure of less than 140/90 mm Hg among treated participants. Results: Protective service workers ranked among the lowest in awareness (50.6%), treatment (79.3%), and control (47.7%) and had lower odds of hypertension control and treatment compared with executive/administrative/managerial workers, adjusting for sociodemographic, body-weight, smoking, and alcohol. Conclusions: Protective service workers may benefit the most from worksite hypertension management programs. C1 [Davila, Evelyn P.; Rolle, Italia; Nsubuga, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Publ Hlth Syst & Workforce Dev, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kuklina, Elena V.; Valderrama, Amy L.; Yoon, Paula W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, DHDSP, NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Davila, EP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Publ Hlth Syst & Workforce Dev, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E93, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM epdavila@ucsd.edu NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 54 IS 9 BP 1150 EP 1156 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e318256f675 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 003QB UT WOS:000308625300012 PM 22885710 ER PT J AU O'Malley, CD Shema, SJ Cress, RD Bauer, K Kahn, AR Schymura, MJ Wike, JM Stewart, SL AF O'Malley, Cynthia D. Shema, Sarah J. Cress, Rosemary D. Bauer, Katrina Kahn, Amy R. Schymura, Maria J. Wike, Jennifer M. Stewart, Sherri L. TI The Implications of Age and Comorbidity on Survival Following Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Summary and Results from a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Study SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CO-MORBIDITY; PROGNOSTIC-FACTORS; ELDERLY-PATIENTS; INDEX; WOMEN; PATTERNS; IMPACT; CHEMOTHERAPY; VALIDATION; PROSTATE AB Background: Advances in treatment have improved ovarian cancer survival for most women, although less for the elderly. We report on this disparity and add further evidence about the relationship among age, comorbidity, and survival after ovarian cancer. Methods: To examine age and comorbidity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-funded cancer registries examined 2367 women residing in New York and Northern California diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer (1998-2000). Subjects were identified through tumor registries, treatment data were supplemented with physician survey, and comorbidity was identified through hospital discharge database linkages. Proportional hazards modeling was used to estimate the risk of death by age and comorbidity, adjusting for clinical and sociodemographic factors. Results: Crude survival at 1 year and 3 years was 71.9% and 50.1%, respectively. Within stage, age-specific survival rates were lower in the oldest groups, particularly for those with advanced disease. For age 75+, 3-year survival was 13% vs. 50% in those <35 (stage IV). For all stages, women without comorbidity had higher survival rates than those with comorbidity. Older age and comorbidity were both associated with advanced stage and less aggressive treatment. The adjusted risk of death was 40%, and it was 80% higher for the 65-74 and 75+ groups, respectively, compared to women 35-64 (p<0.00). Comorbidity increased the risk of death by 40% (p<0.00). Conclusions: This study confirmed the independent adverse effects of age and comorbidity on survival following ovarian cancer. As the population ages, the co-occurrence of ovarian cancer and comorbidity will increase. Further work identifying critical conditions that impact survival could potentially inform complex treatment decisions. C1 [Stewart, Sherri L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [O'Malley, Cynthia D.] Amgen Inc, Global Biostat & Epidemiol, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 USA. [Shema, Sarah J.] Canc Prevent Inst Calif, Fremont, CA USA. [Cress, Rosemary D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cress, Rosemary D.; Bauer, Katrina] Calif Canc Registry, Inst Publ Hlth, Sacramento, CA USA. [Kahn, Amy R.; Schymura, Maria J.] New York State Canc Registry, Menands, NY USA. [Wike, Jennifer M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Program Canc Registries, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Stewart, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,K-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM comalley@amgen.com; sstewart2@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U75/CCU910677- 06, U75/CCU210704]; California Department of Public Health [103885]; New York State Department of Health; National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program [N01-PC-35136] FX This work was supported by cooperative agreements (U75/CCU910677- 06 and U75/CCU210704) with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The collection of cancer incidence data used in this study was supported by the California Department of Public Health as part of the statewide cancer reporting program mandated by California Health and Safety Code Section 103885, the New York State Department of Health as part of the statewide cancer reporting mandate specified in New York State Public Health Law Section 2401, and the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program under contract N01-PC-35136 awarded to the Cancer Prevention Institute of California. The ideas and opinions expressed herein are those of the authors, and endorsement by the State of California Department of Public Health, the New York State Department of Health, the National Cancer Institute, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or their contractors and subcontractors is not intended nor should be inferred. We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Trevor Thompson, CDC, for his assistance in generating survival curves. NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD SEP PY 2012 VL 21 IS 9 BP 887 EP 894 DI 10.1089/jwh.2012.3781 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 000SR UT WOS:000308409200001 PM 22816528 ER PT J AU Habel, MA Leichliter, JS AF Habel, Melissa A. Leichliter, Jami S. TI Emergency Contraception and Risk for Sexually Transmitted Infections Among U.S. Women SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ADVANCE PROVISION; PHARMACIES; PREGNANCY; PROFILE; ACCESS; USERS AB Background: Since Food and Drug Administration (FDA) licensure of emergency contraception (EC) over-the-counter (OTC) in 2006, this is the first U. S. study to use a nationally representative sample of reproductive-aged women (15-44) to explore the relationship between receipt and use of EC and sexually transmitted infection (STI)-related health services. Methods: Using a sample of 6329 women from the National Survey of Family Growth 2006-2008, we examined the relationship between lifetime EC use and recent receipt of EC and demographics, sexual behaviors, and STI-related services. Variables significant at p < 0.10 in bivariate analyses were examined using multivariable logistic regression models. Results: Overall, 10% (704) of the sample had ever used EC. Most EC users had received EC from a family planning clinic (51%), drugstore (23%), or doctor's office (17%). In adjusted analyses, demographic factors associated with receipt of EC in the past 12 months included never married (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 4.0) and living in a metropolitan statistical area (AOR 4.2). Women reporting multiple partners (2+) (AOR 2.4), inconsistent condom use (AOR 3.4), and having recently been tested for chlamydia (AOR 2.0) had higher odds of receiving EC in the past 12 months. Findings among women ever reporting EC use were similar, except women who had 4+ lifetime partners (AOR 2.5) and had recently received a chlamydia diagnosis (AOR 2.2) had higher odds of ever having used EC. Conclusions: EC recipients were no more likely than nonrecipients to have received STI counseling or screening despite greater numbers of sex partners in the past year. This research indicates that women are accessing EC in pharmacies, which may be a missed opportunity for counseling and testing. C1 [Habel, Melissa A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Habel, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-44, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mhabel@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD SEP PY 2012 VL 21 IS 9 BP 910 EP 916 DI 10.1089/jwh.2011.3441 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 000SR UT WOS:000308409200006 PM 22731690 ER PT J AU Kurbatova, EV Taylor, A Gammino, VM Bayona, J Becerra, M Danilovitz, M Falzon, D Gelmanova, I Keshavjee, S Leimane, V Mitnick, CD Quelapio, MI Riekstina, V Viiklepp, P Zignol, M Cegielski, JP AF Kurbatova, Ekaterina V. Taylor, Allison Gammino, Victoria M. Bayona, Jaime Becerra, Mercedes Danilovitz, Manfred Falzon, Dennis Gelmanova, Irina Keshavjee, Salmaan Leimane, Vaira Mitnick, Carole D. Quelapio, Ma Imelda Riekstina, Vija Viiklepp, Piret Zignol, Matteo Cegielski, J. Peter TI Predictors of poor outcomes among patients treated for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis at DOTS-plus projects SO TUBERCULOSIS LA English DT Article DE Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; Treatment outcomes; Risk factors ID ADVERSE EVENTS; METAANALYSIS; LATVIA AB The Objective of this analysis was to identify predictors of death, failure, and default among MDR-TB patients treated with second-line drugs in DOTS-plus projects in Estonia, Latvia, Philippines, Russia, and Peru, 2000-2004. Risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using multivariable regression. Of 1768 patients, treatment outcomes were: cure/completed - 1156 (65%), died - 200 (11%), default - 241 (14%), failure -118 (7%). Independent predictors of death included: age>45 years (RR = 1.90 (95% CI 1.29-2.80), HIV infection (RR = 4.22 (2.65-6.72)), extrapulmonary disease (RR = 1.54 (1.04-2.26)), BMI<18.5 (RR = 2.71 (1.91-3.85)), previous use of fluoroquinolones (RR = 1.91 (1.31-2.78)), resistance to any thioamide (RR = 1.59 (1.14-2.22)), baseline positive smear (RR = 2.22 (1.60-3.10)), no culture conversion by 3rd month of treatment (RR = 1.69 (1.19-2.41)); failure: cavitary disease (RR = 1.73 (1.07-2.80)), resistance to any fluoroquinolone (RR = 2.73 (1.71-4.37)) and any thioamide (RR = 1.62 (1.12-2.34)), and no culture conversion by 3rd month (RR = 5.84 (3.02-11.27)); default: unemployment (RR = 1.50 (1.12-2.01)), homelessness (RR = 1.52 (1.00-2.31)), imprisonment (RR = 1.86 (1.42-2.45)), alcohol abuse (RR = 1.60 (1.18-2.16)), and baseline positive smear (RR = 1.35 (1.07-1.71)). Patients with biomedical risk factors for treatment failure or death should receive heightened medical attention. To prevent treatment default, management of patients who are unemployed, homeless, alcoholic, or have a prison history requires extra measures to insure treatment completion. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kurbatova, Ekaterina V.; Taylor, Allison; Gammino, Victoria M.; Cegielski, J. Peter] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bayona, Jaime; Becerra, Mercedes; Gelmanova, Irina; Keshavjee, Salmaan; Mitnick, Carole D.] Partners Hlth, Lima, Peru. [Bayona, Jaime; Becerra, Mercedes; Gelmanova, Irina; Keshavjee, Salmaan; Mitnick, Carole D.] Partners Hlth, Tomsk, Russia. [Bayona, Jaime; Becerra, Mercedes; Gelmanova, Irina; Keshavjee, Salmaan; Mitnick, Carole D.] Partners Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Bayona, Jaime; Becerra, Mercedes; Keshavjee, Salmaan; Mitnick, Carole D.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Danilovitz, Manfred] Univ Tartu, Lung Hosp, EE-50090 Tartu, Estonia. [Falzon, Dennis; Zignol, Matteo] World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland. [Leimane, Vaira; Riekstina, Vija] Riga E Clin Univ, Hosp Clin, Ctr TB & Lung Dis, Riga, Latvia. [Quelapio, Ma Imelda] Trop Dis Fdn, Manila, Philippines. [Viiklepp, Piret] Natl Inst Hlth Dev, Tallinn, Estonia. RP Kurbatova, EV (reprint author), CDC, Int Res & Programs Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Mailstop E-10,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM EKurbatova@cdc.gov FU United States Agency for International Development (USAID) FX The United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 19 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 14 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 1472-9792 J9 TUBERCULOSIS JI Tuberculosis PD SEP PY 2012 VL 92 IS 5 BP 397 EP 403 DI 10.1016/j.tube.2012.06.003 PG 7 WC Immunology; Microbiology; Respiratory System SC Immunology; Microbiology; Respiratory System GA 998PH UT WOS:000308252400006 PM 22789497 ER PT J AU Jamieson, DJ Rasmussen, SA AF Jamieson, Denise J. Rasmussen, Sonja A. TI The safety of adjuvants in influenza vaccines during pregnancy: what do we know and why do we need them? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID VACCINATION; IMMUNIZATION; COHORT; WOMEN C1 [Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Coordinat Unit, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jamieson, DJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 EI 1097-6868 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 207 IS 3 BP 145 EP 146 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.07.011 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 003BL UT WOS:000308583100010 PM 22939714 ER PT J AU Tyler, CP Paneth, N Allred, EN Hirtz, D Kuban, K McElrath, T O'Shea, TM Miller, C Leviton, A AF Tyler, Crystal P. Paneth, Nigel Allred, Elizabeth N. Hirtz, Deborah Kuban, Karl McElrath, Thomas O'Shea, T. Michael Miller, Cindy Leviton, Alan CA ELGAN Study Investigators TI Brain damage in preterm newborns and maternal medication: the ELGAN Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cerebral palsy; cerebral white matter damage; preterm ID WHITE-MATTER DAMAGE; LOW-DOSE ASPIRIN; CEREBRAL-PALSY; CHILDREN BORN; BIRTH-WEIGHT; 28TH WEEK; PREGNANCY; RATS; INHIBITION; DISORDERS AB OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the association between maternal medication use during pregnancy and cerebral white matter damage and cerebral palsy (CP) among very preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN: This analysis of data from the Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns (ELGAN) Study included 877 infants born <28 weeks' gestation. Mothers were interviewed, charts were reviewed, placentas were cultured and assessed histologically, and children were evaluated at 24 months corrected age. A diagnostic algorithm classified neurologic findings as quadriparetic CP, diparetic CP, hemiparetic CP, or no CP. RESULTS: After adjustment for the potential confounding of disorders for which medications might have been indicated, the risk of quadri-paretic CP remained elevated among the infants of mothers who consumed aspirin (odds ratio [OR], 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.36.9) and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.04 -5.8). The risk of diparetic CP was also associated with maternal consumption of an NSAID, but only if the consumption was not approved by a physician (OR, 3.5; 95% CI 1.1-11.0). CONCLUSION: The possibility that aspirin and NSAID use in pregnancy could lead to perinatal brain damage cannot be excluded. C1 [Tyler, Crystal P.; Paneth, Nigel] Michigan State Univ, Coll Human Med, Dept Epidemiol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Allred, Elizabeth N.; Leviton, Alan] Harvard Univ, Childrens Hosp Boston, Dept Neurol, Neuroepidemiol Unit, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Kuban, Karl] Boston Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Neurol, Boston, MA USA. [McElrath, Thomas] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Hirtz, Deborah] Natl Inst Neurol Disorders & Stroke, Bethesda, MD USA. [O'Shea, T. Michael] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Neonatol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Miller, Cindy] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. RP Tyler, CP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ctyler@cdc.gov OI Kuban, Karl/0000-0001-5299-3567 FU National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke [5U01NS040069-05]; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [NIH-P30-HD-1865] FX This work was supported by a cooperative agreement with the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke (number 5U01NS040069-05) and a program project grant from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (number NIH-P30-HD-1865). NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 12 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 EI 1097-6868 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 207 IS 3 AR 192.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.06.059 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 003BL UT WOS:000308583100023 PM 22939723 ER PT J AU Pines, JM Decker, SL Hu, TY AF Pines, Jesse M. Decker, Sandra L. Hu, Tianyan TI Exogenous Predictors of National Performance Measures for Emergency Department Crowding SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LENGTH-OF-STAY AB Study objective: We explore the relationship between exogenous-level predictors and performance on 4 emergency department (ED) throughput measures approved by the National Quality Forum: median ED length of visit for admitted and discharged patients, median waiting time, and rate of left without being seen. We seek to find predictors for benchmarking and public reporting. Methods: This was a study of 424 US hospitals that reported data to the National Hospital Ambulatory Care Survey in 2008 to 2009. Wald F tests and generalized linear models were used to test the relationship between exogenous variables (case mix, age mix, ED volume, teaching status, and Metropolitan Statistical Area status) and performance on the measures. Results: Median waiting time was 35 minutes (95% confidence interval [CI] 26 to 43 minutes), median length of visit for patients treated but not admitted was 131 minutes (95% CI 121 to 142 minutes), median length of visit for patients admitted was 244 minutes (95% CI 218 to 270 minutes), and rate of left without being seen was 1.3% (95% CI 0.9% to 1.8%). Most exogenous variables, including ED volume, Metropolitan Statistical Area, teaching hospital status, age mix, and case mix, demonstrated significant association with waiting times and lengths of visit. Older age and a higher proportion of respiratory complaints were associated with differences in rates of left without being seen. Conclusion: Several exogenous factors outside of a hospital's control are associated with National Quality Forum approved ED performance measures, which will have important implications for future benchmarking and public reporting of these data. [Ann Emerg Med. 2012;60:293-298.] C1 [Pines, Jesse M.] George Washington Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Pines, Jesse M.] George Washington Univ, Dept Hlth Policy, Washington, DC USA. [Decker, Sandra L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Hu, Tianyan] Lehigh Univ, Dept Econ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Pines, JM (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM jesse.pines@gmail.com NR 10 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 60 IS 3 BP 293 EP 298 DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.01.024 PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 003OF UT WOS:000308620500010 PM 22627086 ER PT J AU Langlois, PH Hoyt, AT Lupo, PJ Lawson, CC Waters, MA Desrosiers, TA Shaw, GM Romitti, PA Lammer, EJ AF Langlois, Peter H. Hoyt, Adrienne T. Lupo, Philip J. Lawson, Christina C. Waters, Martha A. Desrosiers, Tania A. Shaw, Gary M. Romitti, Paul A. Lammer, Edward J. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Maternal occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and risk of neural tube defect-affected pregnancies SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PAHs; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; occupation; maternal exposure; malformations; neural tube defects; spina bifida ID LUNG-CANCER RISK; DNA-ADDUCTS; PLACENTA; EMBRYOTOXICITY; POLLUTANTS; PREVENTION; WOMEN; LEAD AB BACKGROUND This study evaluated whether there is an association between maternal occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and neural tube defects (NTDs) in offspring. This is the first such study of which the authors are aware. METHODS Data were analyzed from 1997 to 2002 deliveries in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a large population-based case-control study in the United States. Maternal interviews yielded information on jobs held in the month before through 3 months after conception. Three industrial hygienists blinded to case or control status assessed occupational exposure to PAHs. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS Of the 520 mothers of children with NTDs, 5.0% were classified as exposed to occupational PAHs, as were 3.5% of the 2989 mothers of controls. The crude OR for PAH exposure was 1.43 (95% CI, 0.922.22) for any NTD and 1.71 (95% CI, 1.032.83) for spina bifida. Adjusted ORs were smaller in magnitude and not significant. Among women who were normal weight or underweight, the crude OR for spina bifida was 3.13 (95% CI, 1.636.03) and adjusted OR was 2.59 (95% CI, 1.325.07). Based on estimated cumulative exposure, a statistically significant dose-response trend was observed for spina bifida; however, it was attenuated and no longer significant after adjustment. CONCLUSION Maternal occupational exposure to PAHs may be associated with increased risk of spina bifida in offspring among women who are normal weight or underweight. Other comparisons between PAHs and NTDs were consistent with no association. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 94:693700, 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Langlois, Peter H.; Hoyt, Adrienne T.] Texas Ctr Birth Defects Res & Prevent, Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX 78714 USA. [Lupo, Philip J.] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Human Genet, Div Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, Houston, TX USA. [Lawson, Christina C.; Waters, Martha A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Desrosiers, Tania A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Shaw, Gary M.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Romitti, Paul A.] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. [Lammer, Edward J.] Childrens Hosp Oakland, Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. RP Langlois, PH (reprint author), Texas Ctr Birth Defects Res & Prevent, Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, POB 149347,MC 1964, Austin, TX 78714 USA. EM peter.langlois@dshs.state.tx.us OI Lupo, Philip/0000-0003-0978-5863 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01DD000494]; Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS); National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [200-2000-08018]; Title V Maternal and Child Health Block Grants Funds, Office of Title V and Family Health, Texas DSHS FX Supported in part through a cooperative agreement (U01DD000494) between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS), and by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (contract 200-2000-08018). Funding also came from Title V Maternal and Child Health Block Grants Funds from the Office of Title V and Family Health, Texas DSHS. NR 29 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 94 IS 9 BP 693 EP 700 DI 10.1002/bdra.23045 PG 8 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 001PY UT WOS:000308473800003 PM 22807044 ER PT J AU Morakinyo, MK Chipinda, I Hettick, J Siegel, PD Abramson, J Strongin, R Martincigh, BS Simoyi, RH AF Morakinyo, Moshood K. Chipinda, Itai Hettick, Justin Siegel, Paul D. Abramson, Jonathan Strongin, Robert Martincigh, Bice S. Simoyi, Reuben H. TI Detailed mechanistic investigation into the S-nitrosation of cysteamine SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE CHIMIE LA English DT Article DE nitric oxide; nitrosation; thiols; cysteamine; kinetics ID NITRIC-OXIDE RELEASE; AQUEOUS PERCHLORIC ACID; NITROUS-ACID; DISSOCIATION-ENERGIES; DINITROGEN TRIOXIDE; NITROSOTHIOLS RSNO; DECOMPOSITION; THIOLS; KINETICS; OXIDATION AB The nitrosation of cysteamine (H2NCH2CH2SH) to produce cysteamine-S-nitrosothiol (CANO) was studied in slightly acidic medium by using nitrous acid prepared in situ. The stoichiometry of the reaction was H2NCH2CH2SH + HNO2 -> H2NCH2CH2SNO + H2O. On prolonged standing, the nitrosothiol decomposed quantitatively to yield the disulfide, cystamine: 2H(2)NCH(2)CH(2)SNO -> H2NCH2CH2S-SCH2CH2NH2 + 2NO. NO2 and N2O3 are not the primary nitrosating agents, since their precursor (NO) was not detected during the nitrosation process. The reaction is first order in nitrous acid, thus implicating it as the major nitrosating agent in mildly acidic pH conditions. Acid catalyzes nitrosation after nitrous acid has saturated, implicating the protonated nitrous acid species, the nitrosonium cation (NO+) as a contributing nitrosating species in highly acidic environments. The acid catalysis at constant nitrous acid concentrations suggests that the nitrosonium cation nitrosates at a much higher rate than nitrous acid. Bimolecular rate constants for the nitrosation of cysteamine by nitrous acid and by the nitrosonium cation were deduced to be 17.9 +/- 1.5 (mol/L)(-1) s(-1) and 6.7 x 10(4) (mol/L)(-1) s(-1), respectively. Both Cu(I) and Cu(II) ions were effective catalysts for the formation and decomposition of the cysteamine nitrosothiol. Cu(II) ions could catalyze the nitrosation of cysteamine in neutral conditions, whereas Cu(I) could only catalyze in acidic conditions. Transnitrosation kinetics of CANO with glutathione showed the formation of cystamine and the mixed disulfide with no formation of oxidized glutathione (GSSG). The nitrosation reaction was satisfactorily simulated by a simple reaction scheme involving eight reactions. C1 [Morakinyo, Moshood K.; Strongin, Robert; Simoyi, Reuben H.] Portland State Univ, Dept Chem, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Chipinda, Itai; Hettick, Justin; Siegel, Paul D.] NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Abramson, Jonathan] Portland State Univ, Dept Phys, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Martincigh, Bice S.; Simoyi, Reuben H.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Chem, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa. RP Morakinyo, MK (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Dept Chem, Portland, OR 97207 USA. EM mkm2002ng@yahoo.com RI Martincigh, Bice/D-6631-2012; Hettick, Justin/E-9955-2010 OI Martincigh, Bice/0000-0003-1426-5328; FU National Science Foundation [CHE 1053611]; National Institutes of Health [R01 EB2044] FX This work was supported by Grant No. CHE 1053611 from the National Science Foundation (R.H.S.) and partly from Grant No. R01 EB2044 from the National Institutes of Health (R.S.).The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 69 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4042 J9 CAN J CHEM JI Can. J. Chem.-Rev. Can. Chim. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 90 IS 9 BP 724 EP 738 DI 10.1139/V2012-051 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 004OU UT WOS:000308691800002 ER PT J AU Priest, JW Moss, DM Won, K Todd, CW Henderson, L Jones, CC Wilson, M AF Priest, Jeffrey W. Moss, Delynn M. Won, Kimberly Todd, Charles W. Henderson, Leslie Jones, Cara C. Wilson, Marianna TI Multiplex Assay Detection of Immunoglobulin G Antibodies That Recognize Babesia microti Antigens SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM ANTIGENS; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; NANTUCKET-ISLAND; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; SEROLOGIC TEST; UNITED-STATES; BEAD ASSAY; NEW-YORK; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS AB Human babesiosis, a blood-borne infection caused by several species of Babesia, including B. microti, is an emerging disease that is endemic in the Northeast, upper Midwest, and Pacific Northwest regions of the United States. Risk factors for babesiosis include exposure to the infected tick vector and blood transfusions from infected donors. In this work, we cloned and expressed two of the immunodominant antigens from B. microti and used them in a multiplex bead format assay (MBA) to detect parasite-specific IgG responses in human sera. The MBA using recombinant B. microti secreted antigen 1 (BmSA1) protein was more specific (100%) and slightly more sensitive (98.7%) than the assay using a truncated recombinant BMN1-17 construct (97.6% and 97.4%, respectively). Although some antibody reactivity was observed among sera from confirmed-malaria patients, only one Plasmodium falciparum sample was simultaneously positive for IgG antibodies to both antigens. Neither antigen reacted with sera from babesiosis patients who were infected with Babesia species other than B. microti. Both positive and negative MBA results were reproducible between assays and between instruments. Additional studies of these recombinant antigens and of the multiplex bead assay using blood samples from clinically defined babesiosis patients and from blood donors are needed to more clearly define their usefulness as a blood screening assay. C1 [Priest, Jeffrey W.; Moss, Delynn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Won, Kimberly; Todd, Charles W.; Henderson, Leslie; Jones, Cara C.; Wilson, Marianna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jones, Cara C.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. RP Priest, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jpriest@cdc.gov NR 58 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1539 EP 1548 DI 10.1128/CVI.00313-12 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 002AX UT WOS:000308503400027 PM 22855390 ER PT J AU Faul, M Sugerman, D Bell, J Taylor, C Xu, LK AF Faul, Mark Sugerman, David Bell, Jeneita Taylor, Christopher Xu, Likang TI How Many Traumatic Brain Injured Patients Are Hospitalized in Level I or II Trauma Centers? SO JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Faul, Mark; Sugerman, David; Bell, Jeneita; Taylor, Christopher; Xu, Likang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0885-9701 J9 J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB JI J. Head Trauma Rehabil. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 27 IS 5 MA 0062 BP E26 EP E27 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 004OQ UT WOS:000308691400054 ER PT J AU Lionbarger, M Pearson, W AF Lionbarger, Michael Pearson, William TI Expected Payment Source for Traumatic Brain Injury Emergency Department Visits in the United States SO JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lionbarger, Michael; Pearson, William] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0885-9701 J9 J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB JI J. Head Trauma Rehabil. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 27 IS 5 MA 0055 BP E23 EP E23 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 004OQ UT WOS:000308691400047 ER PT J AU Sugerman, D Niederkrotenthaler, T Ovalle, F Bell, J Noe, R Parker, E Xu, LK AF Sugerman, David Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas Ovalle, Fernando Bell, Jeneita Noe, Rebecca Parker, Erin Xu, Likang TI Head Injuries Following Historic Tornadoes - Alabama, April 2011 SO JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sugerman, David; Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas; Ovalle, Fernando; Bell, Jeneita; Noe, Rebecca; Parker, Erin; Xu, Likang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0885-9701 J9 J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB JI J. Head Trauma Rehabil. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 27 IS 5 MA 0089 BP E38 EP E39 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 004OQ UT WOS:000308691400078 ER PT J AU Ellingson, KD Palekar, RS Lucero, CA Kurkjian, KM Chai, SJ Schlossberg, DS Vincenti, DM Fink, JC Davies-Cole, JO Magri, JM Arduino, MJ Patel, PR AF Ellingson, Katherine D. Palekar, Rakhee S. Lucero, Cynthia A. Kurkjian, Katherine M. Chai, Shua J. Schlossberg, Dana S. Vincenti, Donna M. Fink, Jeffrey C. Davies-Cole, John O. Magri, Julie M. Arduino, Matthew J. Patel, Priti R. TI Vascular access hemorrhages contribute to deaths among hemodialysis patients SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE dialysis; epidemiology and outcomes; vascular access ID COMPLICATIONS AB In 2007 the Maryland Medical Examiner noted a potential cluster of fatal vascular access hemorrhages among hemodialysis patients, many of whom died outside of a health-care setting. To examine the epidemiology of fatal vascular access hemorrhages, we conducted a retrospective case review in District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia from January 2000 to July 2007 and a case-control study. Records from the Medical Examiner and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services were reviewed, from which 88 patients were identified as fatal vascular access hemorrhage cases. To assess risk factors, a subset of 20 cases from Maryland was compared to 38 controls randomly selected among hemodialysis patients who died from non-vascular access hemorrhage causes at the same Maryland facilities. Of the 88 confirmed cases, 55% hemorrhaged from arteriovenous grafts, 24% from arteriovenous fistulas, and 21% from central venous catheters. Of 82 case-patients with known location of hemorrhage, 78% occurred at home or in a nursing home. In the case-control analysis, statistically significant risk factors included the presence of an arteriovenous graft, access-related complications within 6 months of death, and hypertension; presence of a central venous catheter was significantly protective. Psychosocial factors and anticoagulant medications were not significant risk factors. Effective strategies to control vascular access hemorrhage in the home and further delineation of warning signs are needed. C1 [Ellingson, Katherine D.; Palekar, Rakhee S.; Lucero, Cynthia A.; Kurkjian, Katherine M.; Chai, Shua J.; Magri, Julie M.; Arduino, Matthew J.; Patel, Priti R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Palekar, Rakhee S.] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Kurkjian, Katherine M.] Virginia Dept Hlth, Richmond, VA USA. [Chai, Shua J.; Schlossberg, Dana S.; Davies-Cole, John O.] Dist Columbia Dept Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Vincenti, Donna M.] Maryland Off Chief Med Examiner, Baltimore, MD USA. [Fink, Jeffrey C.] Univ Maryland, Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Ellingson, KD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kellingson@cdc.gov OI Fink, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5622-5052 NR 20 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 82 IS 6 BP 686 EP 692 DI 10.1038/ki.2012.185 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 004FF UT WOS:000308665200011 PM 22695325 ER PT J AU Dawood, FS Iuliano, AD Reed, C Meltzer, MI Shay, DK Cheng, PY Bandaranayake, D Breiman, RF Brooks, WA Buchy, P Feikin, DR Fowler, KB Gordon, A Hien, NT Horby, P Huang, QS Katz, MA Krishnan, A Lal, R Montgomery, JM Molbak, K Pebody, R Presanis, AM Razuri, H Steens, A Tinoco, YO Wallinga, J Yu, HJ Vong, S Bresee, J Widdowson, MA AF Dawood, Fatimah S. Iuliano, A. Danielle Reed, Carrie Meltzer, Martin I. Shay, David K. Cheng, Po-Yung Bandaranayake, Don Breiman, Robert F. Brooks, W. Abdullah Buchy, Philippe Feikin, Daniel R. Fowler, Karen B. Gordon, Aubree Nguyen Tran Hien Horby, Peter Huang, Q. Sue Katz, Mark A. Krishnan, Anand Lal, Renu Montgomery, Joel M. Molbak, Kare Pebody, Richard Presanis, Anne M. Razuri, Hugo Steens, Anneke Tinoco, Yeny O. Wallinga, Jacco Yu, Hongjie Vong, Sirenda Bresee, Joseph Widdowson, Marc-Alain TI Estimated global mortality associated with the first 12 months of 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 virus circulation: a modelling study SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEASONAL INFLUENZA; UNITED-STATES; EXCESS MORTALITY; DEATHS; BURDEN; A(H1N1); ENGLAND; SEROPREVALENCE; NETHERLANDS; ANTIBODIES AB Background 18 500 laboratory-confirmed deaths caused by the 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 were reported worldwide for the period April, 2009, to August, 2010. This number is likely to be only a fraction of the true number of the deaths associated with 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1. We aimed to estimate the global number of deaths during the first 12 months of virus circulation in each country. Methods We calculated crude respiratory mortality rates associated with the 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 strain by age (0-17 years, 18-64 years, and >64 years) using the cumulative (12 months) virus-associated symptomatic attack rates from 12 countries and symptomatic case fatality ratios (sCFR) from five high-income countries. To adjust crude mortality rates for differences between countries in risk of death from influenza, we developed a respiratory mortality multiplier equal to the ratio of the median lower respiratory tract infection mortality rate in each WHO region mortality stratum to the median in countries with very low mortality. We calculated cardiovascular disease mortality rates associated with 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 infection with the ratio of excess deaths from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases during the pandemic in five countries and multiplied these values by the crude respiratory disease mortality rate associated with the virus. Respiratory and cardiovascular mortality rates associated with 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 were multiplied by age to calculate the number of associated deaths. Findings We estimate that globally there were 201 200 respiratory deaths (range 105 700-395 600) with an additional 83 300 cardiovascular deaths (46000-179900) associated with 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1. 80% of the respiratory and cardiovascular deaths were in people younger than 65 years and 51% occurred in southeast Asia and Africa. Interpretation Our estimate of respiratory and cardiovascular mortality associated with the 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 was 15 times higher than reported laboratory-confirmed deaths. Although no estimates of sCFRs were available from Africa and southeast Asia, a disproportionate number of estimated pandemic deaths might have occurred in these regions. Therefore, efforts to prevent influenza need to effectively target these regions in future pandemics. C1 [Dawood, Fatimah S.; Iuliano, A. Danielle; Reed, Carrie; Shay, David K.; Cheng, Po-Yung; Lal, Renu; Montgomery, Joel M.; Bresee, Joseph; Widdowson, Marc-Alain] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Meltzer, Martin I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci & Program Serv Branch, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bandaranayake, Don; Huang, Q. Sue] Natl Ctr Biosecur & Infect Dis, Environm Sci & Res Inst, Upper Hutt, New Zealand. [Breiman, Robert F.; Feikin, Daniel R.; Katz, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect Div, Kenya Med Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. [Brooks, W. Abdullah] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Brooks, W. Abdullah] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Buchy, Philippe] Natl Influenza Ctr, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Fowler, Karen B.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Gordon, Aubree] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gordon, Aubree] NIH, John E Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Nguyen Tran Hien] Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Horby, Peter] Univ Oxford, Clin Res Unit, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Krishnan, Anand] All India Inst Med Sci, Ctr Community Med, New Delhi, India. [Montgomery, Joel M.; Razuri, Hugo; Tinoco, Yeny O.] Naval Med Res Unit 6, Lima, Peru. [Molbak, Kare] Statens Serum Inst, Dept Epidemiol, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Pebody, Richard; Presanis, Anne M.] MRC, Biostat Unit, Cambridge CB2 2BW, England. [Steens, Anneke; Wallinga, Jacco] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Ctr Infect Dis Control, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Yu, Hongjie] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Vong, Sirenda] Inst Pasteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. RP Dawood, FS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fdawood@cdc.gov; mwiddowson@cdc.gov RI Razuri, Hugo/C-1542-2013; Horby, Peter/D-1585-2013; OI Pebody, Richard/0000-0002-9069-2885; Razuri, Hugo/0000-0003-4571-5520; Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820; Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933; Steens, Anneke/0000-0002-7474-1149; Gordon, Aubree/0000-0002-9352-7877; Krishnan, Anand/0000-0002-9173-7811; Horby, Peter/0000-0002-9822-1586; Molbak, Kare/0000-0002-3100-4990; Wallinga, Jacco/0000-0003-1725-5627 FU Medical Research Council [MC_U105260556] NR 52 TC 300 Z9 315 U1 4 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1473-3099 EI 1474-4457 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 12 IS 9 BP 687 EP 695 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70121-4 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 994FM UT WOS:000307916300024 PM 22738893 ER PT J AU Neafsey, DE Galinsky, K Jiang, RHY Young, L Sykes, SM Saif, S Gujja, S Goldberg, JM Young, S Zeng, QD Chapman, SB Dash, AP Anvikar, AR Sutton, PL Birren, BW Escalante, AA Barnwell, JW Carlton, JM AF Neafsey, Daniel E. Galinsky, Kevin Jiang, Rays H. Y. Young, Lauren Sykes, Sean M. Saif, Sakina Gujja, Sharvari Goldberg, Jonathan M. Young, Sarah Zeng, Qiandong Chapman, Sinead B. Dash, Aditya P. Anvikar, Anupkumar R. Sutton, Patrick L. Birren, Bruce W. Escalante, Ananias A. Barnwell, John W. Carlton, Jane M. TI The malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax exhibits greater genetic diversity than Plasmodium falciparum SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID DNA-SEQUENCING DATA; NEW-WORLD MONKEYS; ANOPHELINE MOSQUITOS; MAMMALIAN GENOMES; MUTATION-RATES; TANDEM REPEATS; RNA GENES; STRAIN; POPULATION; ADAPTATION AB We sequenced and annotated the genomes of four P. vivax strains collected from disparate geographic locations, tripling the number of genome sequences available for this understudied parasite and providing the first genome-wide perspective of global variability in this species. We observe approximately twice as much SNP diversity among these isolates as we do among a comparable collection of isolates of P. falciparum, a malaria-causing parasite that results in higher mortality. This indicates a distinct history of global colonization and/or a more stable demographic history for P. vivax relative to P. falciparum, which is thought to have undergone a recent population bottleneck. The SNP diversity, as well as additional microsatellite and gene family variability, suggests a capacity for greater functional variation in the global population of P. vivax. These findings warrant a deeper survey of variation in P. vivax to equip disease interventions targeting the distinctive biology of this neglected but major pathogen. C1 [Sutton, Patrick L.; Carlton, Jane M.] NYU, Dept Biol, Ctr Genom & Syst Biol, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Neafsey, Daniel E.; Galinsky, Kevin; Jiang, Rays H. Y.; Young, Lauren; Sykes, Sean M.; Saif, Sakina; Gujja, Sharvari; Goldberg, Jonathan M.; Young, Sarah; Zeng, Qiandong; Chapman, Sinead B.; Birren, Bruce W.] Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA USA. [Dash, Aditya P.; Anvikar, Anupkumar R.] Indian Council Med Res, Natl Inst Malaria Res, New Delhi, India. [Escalante, Ananias A.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Biodesign Inst, Ctr Evolutionary Med & Informat, Tempe, AZ USA. [Barnwell, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Carlton, JM (reprint author), NYU, Dept Biol, Ctr Genom & Syst Biol, New York, NY 10003 USA. EM jane.carlton@nyu.edu OI Galinsky, Kevin/0000-0003-0311-4938 FU US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); US National Institutes of Health (NIH); US Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN266200400001C, HHSN2722009000018C]; Indian Council of Medical Research of Malaria Parasite Bank at the National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; NIH [RO1GM084320]; NIAID International Center of Excellence for Malaria Research [U19AI089676] FX This work has been funded, in whole or in part, by federal funds from the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the US Department of Health and Human Services, under contracts HHSN266200400001C and HHSN2722009000018C. We gratefully acknowledge the Indian Council of Medical Research for financial support of the Malaria Parasite Bank at the National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, and the NIMR Director for providing all facilities. We thank the NIAID/National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) Eukaryotic Pathogens and Disease Vectors Working Group and the Broad Institute Genome Sequencing Platform for significant contributions to this project. K.G. and L.Y. are supported by a Global Health Program grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. A.A.E. is supported by a grant from the NIH (RO1GM084320), and J.M.C. and P.L.S. are supported by grant U19AI089676, an NIAID International Center of Excellence for Malaria Research. The content is soley the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. NR 43 TC 110 Z9 112 U1 0 U2 13 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 44 IS 9 BP 1046 EP + DI 10.1038/ng.2373 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 001WP UT WOS:000308491200018 PM 22863733 ER PT J AU Tachibana, SI Sullivan, SA Kawai, S Nakamura, S Kim, HR Goto, N Arisue, N Palacpac, NMQ Honma, H Yagi, M Tougan, T Katakai, Y Kaneko, O Mita, T Kita, K Yasutomi, Y Sutton, PL Shakhbatyan, R Horii, T Yasunaga, T Barnwell, JW Escalante, AA Carlton, JM Tanabe, K AF Tachibana, Shin-Ichiro Sullivan, Steven A. Kawai, Satoru Nakamura, Shota Kim, Hyunjae R. Goto, Naohisa Arisue, Nobuko Palacpac, Nirianne M. Q. Honma, Hajime Yagi, Masanori Tougan, Takahiro Katakai, Yuko Kaneko, Osamu Mita, Toshihiro Kita, Kiyoshi Yasutomi, Yasuhiro Sutton, Patrick L. Shakhbatyan, Rimma Horii, Toshihiro Yasunaga, Teruo Barnwell, John W. Escalante, Ananias A. Carlton, Jane M. Tanabe, Kazuyuki TI Plasmodium cynomolgi genome sequences provide insight into Plasmodium vivax and the monkey malaria clade SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-THROUGHPUT; PARASITE; ALIGNMENT; KNOWLESI; EVOLUTIONARY; FALCIPARUM; PROTEIN; ORIGIN; TALE AB P. cynomolgi, a malaria-causing parasite of Asian Old World monkeys, is the sister taxon of P. vivax, the most prevalent malaria-causing species in humans outside of Africa. Because P. cynomolgi shares many phenotypic, biological and genetic characteristics with P. vivax, we generated draft genome sequences for three P. cynomolgi strains and performed genomic analysis comparing them with the P. vivax genome, as well as with the genome of a third previously sequenced simian parasite, Plasmodium knowlesi. Here, we show that genomes of the monkey malaria clade can be characterized by copy-number variants (CNVs) in multigene families involved in evasion of the human immune system and invasion of host erythrocytes. We identify genome-wide SNPs, microsatellites and CNVs in the P. cynomolgi genome, providing a map of genetic variation that can be used to map parasite traits and study parasite populations. The sequencing of the P. cynomolgi genome is a critical step in developing a model system for P. vivax research and in counteracting the neglect of P. vivax. C1 [Tachibana, Shin-Ichiro; Honma, Hajime; Tanabe, Kazuyuki] Osaka Univ, Microbial Dis Res Inst, Lab Malariol, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan. [Sullivan, Steven A.; Kim, Hyunjae R.; Sutton, Patrick L.; Shakhbatyan, Rimma; Carlton, Jane M.] NYU, Dept Biol, Ctr Genom & Syst Biol, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Kawai, Satoru] Dokkyo Med Univ, Inst Int Educ & Res, Lab Trop Med & Parasitol, Shimotsuga, Japan. [Nakamura, Shota; Goto, Naohisa; Yasunaga, Teruo] Osaka Univ, Microbial Dis Res Inst, Genome Informat Res Ctr, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan. [Arisue, Nobuko; Palacpac, Nirianne M. Q.; Honma, Hajime; Yagi, Masanori; Tougan, Takahiro; Horii, Toshihiro; Tanabe, Kazuyuki] Osaka Univ, Microbial Dis Res Inst, Dept Mol Protozool, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan. [Katakai, Yuko] Corp Prod & Res Lab Primates, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Kaneko, Osamu] Nagasaki Univ, Inst Trop Med NEKKEN, Dept Protozool, Nagasaki 852, Japan. [Kaneko, Osamu] Nagasaki Univ, Global COE Ctr Excellence Program, Nagasaki 852, Japan. [Mita, Toshihiro] Juntendo Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Mol & Cellular Parasitol, Tokyo, Japan. [Kita, Kiyoshi] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Med, Dept Biomed Chem, Tokyo, Japan. [Yasutomi, Yasuhiro] Natl Inst Biomed Innovat, Tsukuba Primate Res Ctr, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Barnwell, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Escalante, Ananias A.] Arizona State Univ, Biodesign Inst, Ctr Evolutionary Med & Informat, Tempe, AZ USA. RP Tanabe, K (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Microbial Dis Res Inst, Lab Malariol, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan. EM jane.carlton@nyu.edu; kztanabe@biken.osaka-u.ac.jp RI Kim, Hyunjae/J-5811-2015; OI Kim, Hyunjae/0000-0002-1869-0412; Kita, Kiyoshi/0000-0002-0426-4308 FU US National Institutes of Health (NIH) [S10 RR026950]; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan [18073013, 18GS03140013, 20390120, 22406012]; NIH [R01 GM080586]; Burroughs Wellcome Fund [1007398]; NIH International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research grant [U19 AI089676-01] FX We thank H. Sawai for suggestions on genome analysis, D. Fisher for help with genome-wide evolutionary analyses and the NYU Langone Medical Center Genome Technology Core for access to Roche 454 sequencing equipment (funded by grant S10 RR026950 to J.M.C. from the US National Institutes of Health (NIH)). Genome and phylogenetic analyses used the Genome Information Research Center in the Research Institute of Microbial Diseases at Osaka University. This work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (18073013, 18GS03140013, 20390120 and 22406012) to K.T., an NIH grant (R01 GM080586) to A.A.E. and a Burroughs Wellcome Fund grant (1007398) and an NIH International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research grant (U19 AI089676-01) to J.M.C. The content is soley the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. NR 38 TC 66 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 17 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 44 IS 9 BP 1051 EP + DI 10.1038/ng.2375 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 001WP UT WOS:000308491200019 PM 22863735 ER PT J AU Yucesoy, B Johnson, VJ Lummus, ZL Kissling, GE Fluharty, K Gautrin, D Malo, JL Cartier, A Boulet, LP Sastre, J Quirce, S Germolec, DR Tarlo, SM Cruz, MJ Munoz, X Luster, MI Bernstein, DI AF Yucesoy, Berran Johnson, Victor J. Lummus, Zana L. Kissling, Grace E. Fluharty, Kara Gautrin, Denyse Malo, Jean-Luc Cartier, Andre Boulet, Louis-Philippe Sastre, Joaquin Quirce, Santiago Germolec, Dori R. Tarlo, Susan M. Cruz, Maria-Jesus Munoz, Xavier Luster, Michael I. Bernstein, David I. TI Genetic Variants in Antioxidant Genes Are Associated With Diisocyanate-Induced Asthma SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE diisocyanates; occupational asthma; antioxidant; genetics; single-nucleotide polymorphism ID GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; MANGANESE SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; MICROSOMAL EPOXIDE HYDROLASE; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; BRONCHIAL-ASTHMA; TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE; AIR-POLLUTION; LUNG-FUNCTION AB Diisocyanates are a common cause of occupational asthma, but risk factors are not well defined. A case-control study was conducted to investigate whether genetic variants of antioxidant defense genes, glutathione S-transferases (GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTM3, GSTP1), manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2), and microsomal epoxide hydrolase (EPHX1) are associated with increased susceptibility to diisocyanate-induced asthma (DA). The main study population consisted of 353 Caucasian French-Canadians from among a larger sample of 410 diisocyanate-exposed workers in three groups: workers with specific inhalation challenge (SIC) confirmed DA (DA(+), n = 95); symptomatic diisocyanate workers with a negative SIC (DA, n = 116); and asymptomatic exposed workers (AW, n = 142). Genotyping was performed on genomic DNA, using a 5-nuclease PCR assay. The SOD2 rs4880, GSTP1 rs1695, and EPHX1 rs2740171 variants were significantly associated with DA in both univariate and multivariate analyses. In the first logistic regression model comparing DA(+) and DA groups, SOD2 rs4880, GSTM1 (null), GSTP1 rs762803, and EPHX1 rs2854450 variants were associated with DA (p = 0.004, p = 0.047, p = 0.021, p < 0.001, respectively). Genotype combinations GSTT1*GSTP1 rs762803, GSTM1*EPHX1 rs2854450, EPHX1 rs2740168*EPHX1 rs1051741, and GSTP1 rs762803*EPHX1 rs2740168 were also associated with DA in this model (p = 0.027, p = 0.002, p = 0.045, p = 0.044, respectively). The GSTP1 rs1695 and EPHX1 rs1051741 and rs2740171 variants showed an association with DA in the second model comparing DA(+) and AW groups (p = 0.040, p = 0.019, p = 0.002, respectively). The GSTM3 rs110913*EPHX1 rs1051741 genotype combination was also associated with DA under this model (p = 0.042). The results suggest that variations in SOD2, GST, and EPHX1 genes and their interactions contribute to DA susceptibility. C1 [Yucesoy, Berran] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Johnson, Victor J.] BRT, Morrisville, NC USA. [Lummus, Zana L.; Bernstein, David I.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Div Immunol Allergy & Rheumatol, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Kissling, Grace E.; Germolec, Dori R.] NIEHS, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Gautrin, Denyse; Malo, Jean-Luc; Cartier, Andre] Univ Montreal, Hop Sacre Coeur Montreal, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Boulet, Louis-Philippe] Univ Laval, Hop Laval, Ste Foy, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. [Sastre, Joaquin] Fdn Jimenez Diaz, Dept Allergy, Madrid, Spain. [Sastre, Joaquin; Quirce, Santiago; Cruz, Maria-Jesus; Munoz, Xavier] CIBER Enfermedades Resp CIBERES, Madrid, Spain. [Quirce, Santiago] Hosp La Paz IdiPAZ, Dept Allergy, Madrid, Spain. [Tarlo, Susan M.] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Cruz, Maria-Jesus; Munoz, Xavier] Hosp Valle De Hebron, Barcelona, Spain. RP Yucesoy, B (reprint author), NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, CDC, 1095 Willowdale Rd,M-S 3014, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM byucesoy@cdc.gov RI Munoz, Xavier/I-9009-2014; Cruz, Maria Jesus/I-9073-2014 OI Cruz, Maria Jesus/0000-0001-9759-5466 FU National Institute of Environmental Health - Sciences [Y1-ES0001]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [Y1-ES0001]; NIOSH/CDC [R01 OH 008795] FX This work was supported in part by an interagency agreement between National Institute of Environmental Health - Sciences and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health ( agreement no. Y1-ES0001) and NIOSH/CDC R01 OH 008795. NR 52 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 129 IS 1 BP 166 EP 173 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfs183 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 998JN UT WOS:000308234000015 PM 22610343 ER PT J AU Mathias, PI Cheever, KL Hanley, KW Marlow, KL Johnson, BC B'Hymer, C AF Mathias, Patricia I. Cheever, Kenneth L. Hanley, Kevin W. Marlow, Katherine L. Johnson, Belinda C. B'Hymer, Clayton TI Comparison and evaluation of urinary biomarkers for occupational exposure to spray adhesives containing 1-bromopropane SO TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE 1-Bromopropane; biomarker; exposure ID BROMIDE LEVELS; METABOLISM; MICE; RAT; ACID; 2-BROMOPROPANE; TOXICITY; CYSTEINE; SOLVENT; ANALOGS AB Three metabolites of 1-bromopropane (1-BP) were measured in urine samples collected from 30 workers exposed to 1-BP at two facilities making furniture seat cushions and evaluated for use as biomarkers of exposure. The mercapturic acid metabolite, N-acetyl-S-(n-propyl)-L-cysteine (AcPrCys), 3-bromopropionic acid (3-BPA), and bromide ion levels (Br-) were quantitated for this evaluation. The high exposure group consisted of 13 workers employed as adhesive sprayers who assembled foam cushions using 1-BP containing spray adhesives and the low exposure group consisted of 17 non-sprayers, who worked in various jobs without spraying adhesives. All workers' urine voids were collected over the same 48 h period at work, and at home before bedtime, and upon awakening. Urinary AcPrCys and Br- levels were elevated in the sprayers compared to that of non-sprayers. Following HPLC-MS/MS analysis of mercapturic acid metabolite levels, 50 urine samples having the highest levels of AcPrCys were analyzed for 3-BPA. No 3-BPA was detected in any of the samples. The data collected from this study demonstrate that AcPrCys and Br- are effective biomarkers of 1-BP exposure, but 3-BPA is not. C1 [Mathias, Patricia I.; Cheever, Kenneth L.; Hanley, Kevin W.; Marlow, Katherine L.; Johnson, Belinda C.; B'Hymer, Clayton] NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,Robert A Tafts Labs, Div Appl Sci & Technol,Biomonitoring & Hlth Asses, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Mathias, PI (reprint author), NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,Robert A Tafts Labs, Div Appl Sci & Technol,Biomonitoring & Hlth Asses, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM pmathias@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 11 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1537-6516 J9 TOXICOL MECH METHOD JI Toxicol. Mech. Methods PD SEP PY 2012 VL 22 IS 7 BP 526 EP 532 DI 10.3109/15376516.2012.686536 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 995HB UT WOS:000307997700005 PM 22519856 ER PT J AU Cantey, PT Stramer, SL Townsend, RL Kamel, H Ofafa, K Todd, CW Currier, M Hand, S Varnado, W Dotson, E Hall, C Jett, PL Montgomery, SP AF Cantey, Paul T. Stramer, Susan L. Townsend, Rebecca L. Kamel, Hany Ofafa, Karen Todd, Charles W. Currier, Mary Hand, Sheryl Varnado, Wendy Dotson, Ellen Hall, Chris Jett, Pamela L. Montgomery, Susan P. TI The United States Trypanosoma cruzi Infection Study: evidence for vector-borne transmission of the parasite that causes Chagas disease among United States blood donors SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; RADIOIMMUNOPRECIPITATION ASSAY; AUTOCHTHONOUS TRANSMISSION; AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS; SERODIAGNOSIS AB BACKGROUND: Screening US blood donors for Trypanosoma cruzi infection is identifying autochthonous, chronic infections. Two donors in Mississippi were identified through screening and investigated as probable domestically acquired vector-borne infections, and the US T. cruzi Infection Study was conducted to evaluate the burden of and describe putative risk factors for vector-borne infection in the United States. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Blood donors who tested enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay repeat reactive and positive by radioimmunoprecipitation assay, and whose mode of infection could not be identified, were evaluated with a questionnaire to identify possible sources of infection and by additional serologic and hemoculture testing for T. cruzi infection. RESULTS: Of 54 eligible donors, 37 (69%) enrolled in the study. Fifteen (41%) enrollees had four or more positive serologic tests and were considered positive for T. cruzi infection; one was hemoculture positive. Of the 15, three (20%) donors had visited a rural area of an endemic country, although none had stayed for 2 or more weeks. All had lived in a state with documented T. cruzi vector(s) or infected mammalian reservoir(s), 13 (87%) reported outdoor leisure or work activities, and 11 (73%) reported seeing wild reservoir animals on their property. CONCLUSION: This report adds 16 cases, including one from the Mississippi investigation, of chronic T. cruzi infection presumably acquired via vector-borne transmission in the United States to the previously reported seven cases. The estimated prevalence of autochthonous infections based on this study is 1 in 354,000 donors. Determining US foci of vector-borne transmission is needed to better assess risk for infection. C1 [Cantey, Paul T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Amer Red Cross, Sci Support Off, Gaithersburg, MD USA. Blood Syst Inc, Scottsdale, AZ USA. Mississippi Dept Hlth, Jackson, MS USA. Berry Coll, Dept Biol, Mt Berry, GA USA. Mississippi Blood Serv, Flowood, MS USA. RP Cantey, PT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-06, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pcantey@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2012 VL 52 IS 9 BP 1922 EP 1930 DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2012.03581.x PG 9 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 000OY UT WOS:000308397400012 PM 22404755 ER PT J AU Cogswell, ME Zhang, ZF Carriquiry, AL Gunn, JP Kuklina, EV Saydah, SH Yang, QH Moshfegh, AJ AF Cogswell, Mary E. Zhang, Zefeng Carriquiry, Alicia L. Gunn, Janelle P. Kuklina, Elena V. Saydah, Sharon H. Yang, Quanhe Moshfegh, Alanna J. TI Sodium and potassium intakes among US adults: NHANES 2003-2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; INTAKE DISTRIBUTIONS; DIETARY-SODIUM; UNITED-STATES; HYPERTENSION; METAANALYSIS; COLLECTION; PREVENTION; GUIDELINES AB Background: The American Heart Association (AHA), Institute of Medicine (IOM), and US Departments of Health and Human Services and Agriculture (USDA) Dietary Guidelines for Americans all recommend that Americans limit sodium intake and choose foods that contain potassium to decrease the risk of hypertension and other adverse health outcomes. Objective: We estimated the distributions of usual daily sodium and potassium intakes by sociodemographic and health characteristics relative to current recommendations. Design: We used 24-h dietary recalls and other data from 12,581 adults aged >= 20 y who participated in NHANES in 2003-2008. Estimates of sodium and potassium intakes were adjusted for within-individual day-to-day variation by using measurement error models. SEs and 95% CIs were assessed by using jackknife replicate weights. Results: Overall, 99.4% (95% Cl: 99.3%, 99.5%) of US adults consumed more sodium daily than recommended by the AHA (<1500 mg), and 90.7% (89.6%, 91.8%) consumed more than the IOM Tolerable Upper Intake Level (2300 mg). In US adults who are recommended by the Dietary Guidelines to further reduce sodium intake to 1500 mg/d (ie, African Americans aged >= 51 y or persons with hypertension, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease), 98.8% (98.4%, 99.2%) overall consumed >1500 mg/d, and 60.4% consumed >3000 mg/d-more than double the recommendation. Overall, <2% of US adults and similar to 5% of US men consumed >= 4700 mg K/d (ie, met recommendations for potassium). Conclusion: Regardless of recommendations or sociodemographic or health characteristics, the vast majority of US adults consume too much sodium and too little potassium. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;96:647-57. C1 [Cogswell, Mary E.; Zhang, Zefeng; Gunn, Janelle P.; Kuklina, Elena V.; Yang, Quanhe] CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Saydah, Sharon H.] CDC, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Carriquiry, Alicia L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA USA. [Moshfegh, Alanna J.] ARS, Food Surveys Res Grp, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Cogswell, ME (reprint author), CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Mailstop K-72,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mcogswell@cdc.gov FU CDC, US Department of Health and Human Services; Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture; Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH [3R01HL091024-02S1] FX Supported by the CDC, US Department of Health and Human Services; the Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture; and the Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH (grant no. 3R01HL091024-02S1 to ALC). NR 50 TC 89 Z9 89 U1 3 U2 30 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 96 IS 3 BP 647 EP 657 DI 10.3945/ajcn.112.034413 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 993MM UT WOS:000307863800025 PM 22854410 ER PT J AU Cegielski, JP Arab, L Cornoni-Huntley, J AF Cegielski, J. Peter Arab, Lenore Cornoni-Huntley, Joan TI Nutritional Risk Factors for Tuberculosis Among Adults in the United States, 19711992 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE body mass index; malnutrition; nutrition surveys; obesity; protein-energy malnutrition; subcutaneous fat; tuberculosis ID AMERICAN-DIETETIC-ASSOCIATION; PROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITION; INITIAL FOLLOW-UP; BODY-MASS INDEX; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; FOOD INSECURITY; IN-VITRO; HOSPITALIZATION; HUNGER; MORBIDITY AB The risk of developing tuberculosis (TB) may be related to nutritional status. To determine the impact of nutritional status on TB incidence, the authors analyzed data from the First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I) Epidemiologic Follow-up Study (NHEFS). NHANES I collected information on a probability sample of the US population in 19711975. Adults were followed up in 19821992. Incident TB cases were ascertained through interviews, medical records, and death certificates. TB incidences were compared across different levels of nutritional status after controlling for potential confounding using proportional hazards regression appropriate to the complex sample design. TB incidence among adults with normal body mass index was 24.7 per 100,000 person-years (95 confidence interval (CI): 13.0, 36.3). In contrast, among persons who were underweight, overweight, and obese, estimated TB incidence rates were 260.2 (95 CI: 98.6, 421.8), 8.9 (95 CI: 2.2, 15.6), and 5.1 (95 CI: 0.0, 10.5) per 100,000 person-years, respectively. Adjusted hazard ratios were 12.43 (95 CI: 5.75, 26.95), 0.28 (95 CI: 0.13, 0.63), and 0.20 (95 CI: 0.07, 0.62), respectively, after controlling for demographic, socioeconomic, and medical characteristics. A low serum albumin level also increased the risk of TB, but low vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin, and iron status did not. A populations nutritional profile is an important determinant of its TB incidence. C1 [Cegielski, J. Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Arab, Lenore] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Cornoni-Huntley, Joan] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Cegielski, JP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pcegielski@cdc.gov NR 96 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 176 IS 5 BP 409 EP 422 DI 10.1093/aje/kws007 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 998GX UT WOS:000308226600007 PM 22791739 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, HP Chen, J Owusu-Edusei, K Suh, A Bekemeier, B AF Rodriguez, Hector P. Chen, Jie Owusu-Edusei, Kwame Suh, Allen Bekemeier, Betty TI Local Public Health Systems and the Incidence of Sexually Transmitted Diseases SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID US LATINO ADULTS; UNITED-STATES; RACIAL/ETHNIC DISPARITIES; INSURANCE-COVERAGE; CARE ACCESS; PARTNERSHIPS; RATES; INFECTIONS; BEHAVIORS; CHLAMYDIA AB Objectives. We examined the associations of local public health system organization and local health department resources with county-level sexually transmitted disease (STD) incidence rates in large US health jurisdictions. Methods. We linked annual county STD incidence data (2005-2008) to local health department director responses (n = 211) to the 2006 wave of the National Longitudinal Study of Local Public Health Systems, the 2005 national Local Health Department Profile Survey, and the Area Resource File. We used nested mixed effects regression models to assess the relative contribution of local public health system organization, local health department financial and resource factors, and sociodemographic factors known to be associated with STD incidence to county-level (n = 307) STD incidence. Results. Jurisdictions with local governing boards had significantly lower county-level STD incidence. Local public health systems with comprehensive services where local health departments shoulder much of the effort had higher county-level STD rates than did conventional systems. Conclusions. More integration of system partners in local public health system activities, through governance and interorganizational arrangements, may reduce the incidence and burden of STDs. (Am J Public Health. 2012;102: 1773-1781. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300497) C1 [Rodriguez, Hector P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Chen, Jie] CUNY Coll Staten Isl, Dept Polit Sci Econ & Philosophy, Staten Isl, NY USA. [Owusu-Edusei, Kwame] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Suh, Allen] Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Bekemeier, Betty] Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Div Psychosocial & Community Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Rodriguez, HP (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, 650 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM hrod@ucla.edu FU Center for Public Health Systems and Services Research at the University of Kentucky; Robert Wood Johnson Foundation FX The Center for Public Health Systems and Services Research at the University of Kentucky and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation funded this research project. NR 64 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD SEP PY 2012 VL 102 IS 9 BP 1773 EP 1781 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300497 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 994EJ UT WOS:000307913400024 PM 22813090 ER PT J AU Norman, KN Strockbine, NA Bono, JL AF Norman, Keri N. Strockbine, Nancy A. Bono, James L. TI Association of Nucleotide Polymorphisms within the O-Antigen Gene Cluster of Escherichia coli O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145 with Serogroups and Genetic Subtypes SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC-SYNDROME; DNA MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; SHIGA TOXIN; VIRULENCE GENES; PCR AMPLIFICATION; PARALLEL EVOLUTION; PROLONGED DIARRHEA; TARGETING GENES; CLINICAL-COURSE; UNITED-STATES AB Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains are important food-borne pathogens capable of causing hemolytic-uremic syndrome. STEC O157:H7 strains cause the majority of severe disease in the United States; however, there is a growing concern for the amount and severity of illness attributable to non-O157 STEC. Recently, the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) published the intent to regulate the presence of STEC belonging to serogroups O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145 in nonintact beef products. To ensure the effective control of these bacteria, sensitive and specific tests for their detection will be needed. In this study, we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the O-antigen gene cluster that could be used to detect STEC strains of the above-described serogroups. Using comparative DNA sequence analysis, we identified 22 potentially informative SNPs among 164 STEC and non-STEC strains of the above-described serogroups and designed matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) assays to test the STEC allele frequencies in an independent panel of bacterial strains. We found at least one SNP that was specific to each serogroup and also differentiated between STEC and non-STEC strains. Differences in the DNA sequence of the O-antigen gene cluster corresponded well with differences in the virulence gene profiles and provided evidence of different lineages for STEC and non-STEC strains. The SNPs discovered in this study can be used to develop tests that will not only accurately identify O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145 strains but also predict whether strains detected in the above-described serogroups contain Shiga toxin-encoding genes. C1 [Norman, Keri N.; Bono, James L.] ARS, USDA, USMARC, Clay Ctr, NE USA. [Strockbine, Nancy A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bono, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, USMARC, Clay Ctr, NE USA. EM jim.bono@ars.usda.gov NR 69 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 78 IS 18 BP 6689 EP 6703 DI 10.1128/AEM.01259-12 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 999SX UT WOS:000308336400038 PM 22798363 ER PT J AU Broor, S Sullender, W Fowler, K Gupta, V Widdowson, MA Krishnan, A Lal, RB AF Broor, Shobha Sullender, Wayne Fowler, Karen Gupta, Vivek Widdowson, Marc-Alain Krishnan, Anand Lal, Renu B. TI Demographic Shift of Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 during and after Pandemic, Rural India SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID A H1N1; EPIDEMIC; AGE; INFECTIONS; SEVERITY AB Population-based active surveillance in India showed higher incidence rates for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 among children during pandemic versus postpandemic periods (345 vs. 199/1,000 person-years), whereas adults had higher rates during postpandemic versus pandemic periods (131 vs. 69/1,000 person-years). Demographic shifts as pandemics evolve should be considered in public health response planning. C1 [Broor, Shobha] All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Microbiol, New Delhi 110029, India. [Sullender, Wayne; Fowler, Karen] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Gupta, Vivek] Inclen Trust Int, New Delhi, India. [Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Lal, Renu B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Broor, S (reprint author), All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Microbiol, New Delhi 110029, India. EM shobha.broor@gmail.com OI Gupta, Vivek/0000-0002-6157-3705; Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933; Krishnan, Anand/0000-0002-9173-7811 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA [U01 IP000177] FX The study was supported in part by cooperative agreement U01 IP000177 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2012 VL 18 IS 9 BP 1472 EP 1475 DI 10.3201/eid1809.111847 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 995EC UT WOS:000307989700012 PM 22932477 ER PT J AU Shoemaker, T MacNeil, A Balinandi, S Campbell, S Wamala, JF McMullan, LK Downing, R Lutwama, J Mbidde, E Stroller, U Rollin, PE Nichol, ST AF Shoemaker, Trevor MacNeil, Adam Balinandi, Stephen Campbell, Shelley Wamala, Joseph Francis McMullan, Laura K. Downing, Robert Lutwama, Julius Mbidde, Edward Stroeller, Ute Rollin, Pierre E. Nichol, Stuart T. TI Reemerging Sudan Ebola Virus Disease in Uganda, 2011 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; IGG ANTIBODIES; PREVALENCE; INFECTION; OUTBREAK; POPULATIONS; CONGO; ZAIRE AB Two large outbreaks of Ebola hemorrhagic fever occurred in Uganda in 2000 and 2007. In May 2011, we identified a single case of Sudan Ebola virus disease in Luwero District. The establishment of a permanent in-country laboratory and cooperation between international public health entities facilitated rapid outbreak response and control activities. C1 [MacNeil, Adam; Campbell, Shelley; McMullan, Laura K.; Stroeller, Ute; Rollin, Pierre E.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shoemaker, Trevor; Balinandi, Stephen; Downing, Robert] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entebbe, Uganda. [Lutwama, Julius; Mbidde, Edward] Uganda Virus Res Inst, Entebbe, Uganda. [Wamala, Joseph Francis] Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. RP MacNeil, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aho3@cdc.gov FU Uganda Virus Research Institute; United States Agency for International Development; Emerging Pandemic Threats; PREDICT and RESPOND; African Field Epidemiology Network; United Nations Children's Fund FX We thank the staff at Bombo Military Hospital; the initial investigation team, which included members from the Ministry of Health Uganda, the World Health Organization, and CDC-Uganda for field and laboratory investigation of the outbreak; the National Task Force on Ebola; Tadesse Wuhib, John Lule, Herbert Kiyingi, Jeff Borchert, George Acire, and Betty Abang, Jonathon Towner, Brian Amman, Bobbie Rae Erickson, Lisa Wiggleton, Zach Reed, James A. Corner, Barbara Knust, and Julia Pierzchala for technical support; the CDC Motorpool for transportation; and Medecins Sans Frontieres for their rapid establishment of an isolation ward at Bombo Military Hospital. We especially thank the Uganda Virus Research Institute for their support of the viral hemorrhagic surveillance program and diagnostic laboratory. We also thank all other participating organizations and development partners: United States Agency for International Development, Emerging Pandemic Threats, PREDICT and RESPOND, African Field Epidemiology Network, and United Nations Children's Fund, that participated and contributed to the Ebola outbreak response and provided support to the Uganda Ministry of Health. NR 15 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 37 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2012 VL 18 IS 9 BP 1480 EP 1483 DI 10.3201/eid1809.111536 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 995EC UT WOS:000307989700014 PM 22931687 ER PT J AU Gray, GC Bender, JB Bridges, CB Daly, RF Krueger, WS Male, MJ Heil, GL Friary, JA Derby, RB Cox, NJ AF Gray, Gregory C. Bender, Jeffrey B. Bridges, Carolyn B. Daly, Russell F. Krueger, Whitney S. Male, Michael J. Heil, Gary L. Friary, John A. Derby, Robin B. Cox, Nancy J. TI Influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 Virus among Healthy Show Pigs, United States SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SWINE INFLUENZA; A VIRUS; INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; OUTBREAK; WORKERS; HUMANS; H1 AB Within 5 months after the earliest detection of human influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus, we found molecular and culture evidence of the virus in healthy US show pigs. The mixing of humans and pigs at swine shows possibly could further the geographic and cross-species spread of influenza A viruses. C1 [Gray, Gregory C.] Univ Florida, Dept Environm & Global Hlth, Coll Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Bender, Jeffrey B.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bridges, Carolyn B.; Cox, Nancy J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Daly, Russell F.] S Dakota State Univ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Male, Michael J.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Gray, GC (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Environm & Global Hlth, Coll Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Box 100188, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM gcgray@phhp.ufl.edu FU CDC through the University of Minnesota's International Cooperative Zoonotic Influenza Research Center [5U19 CI000407-02]; US Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Systems and Response Program; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R01 AI068803] FX This work was supported by a grant (5U19 CI000407-02) from CDC through the University of Minnesota's International Cooperative Zoonotic Influenza Research Center and indirectly by grants from the US Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Systems and Response Program (G.C.G.) and from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01 AI068803; G.C.G.). NR 15 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2012 VL 18 IS 9 BP 1519 EP 1521 DI 10.3201/eid1809.120431 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 995EC UT WOS:000307989700025 PM 22932697 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI Riddle in Nine Syllables SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pmpl@cdc.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2012 VL 18 IS 9 BP 1550 EP 1551 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 995EC UT WOS:000307989700043 ER PT J AU Arvelo, W Sosa, SM Juliao, P Lopez, MR Estevez, A Lopez, B Morales-Betoulle, ME Gonzalez, M Gregoricus, NA Hall, AJ Vinje, J Parashar, U Lindblade, KA AF Arvelo, Wences Sosa, Silvia M. Juliao, Patricia Lopez, Maria R. Estevez, Alejandra Lopez, Beatriz Morales-Betoulle, Maria E. Gonzalez, Miguel Gregoricus, Nicole A. Hall, Aron J. Vinje, Jan Parashar, Umesh Lindblade, Kim A. TI Norovirus outbreak of probable waterborne transmission with high attack rate in a Guatemalan resort SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acute gastroenteritis; Norovirus; Outbreak; Guatemala ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; UNITED-STATES; GASTROENTERITIS; SURVEILLANCE; DISEASE AB Background: In February 2009, a group of Guatemalan school children developed acute gastroenteritis (AGE) after participating in a school excursion. Objectives: We conducted a retrospective cohort investigation to characterize the outbreak and guide control measures. Study design: A case was defined as an illness with onset of diarrhea or vomiting during February 25-March 5, 2009. Participants were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire, and stool specimens were collected. We inspected the excursion site and tested water samples for total coliforms and Escherichia coli. Results: We identified 119 excursion participants, of which 92 (77%) had been ill. Fifty-six (62%) patients sought care for their illness, and three (3%) were hospitalized. Eighteen (90%) of the 20 specimens from ill children tested positive for norovirus. Among these, 16 (89%) were of the genogroup I (GI. 7) and two (11%) were genogroup II (GII. 12 and GII. 17). One (8%) of the 12 food handlers had norovirus (GI. 7). Drinking water samples had 146 most probable numbers (MPN)/100 ml of total coliforms and five MPN/100 ml of E. coli. Conclusion: We describe the first laboratory-confirmed norovirus outbreak in Guatemala. The high illness attack rate, detection of multiple norovirus strains in sick persons, and presence of fecal contamination of drinking water indicate likely waterborne transmission. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B. V. C1 [Arvelo, Wences; Juliao, Patricia; Lindblade, Kim A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Reg Off Cent Amer & Panama, Int Emerging Infect Program, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Arvelo, Wences; Juliao, Patricia; Lindblade, Kim A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sosa, Silvia M.; Lopez, Maria R.; Estevez, Alejandra; Lopez, Beatriz; Morales-Betoulle, Maria E.] Univ Valle Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Gonzalez, Miguel] Guatemala Minist Publ Hlth & Welf, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Gregoricus, Nicole A.; Hall, Aron J.; Vinje, Jan; Parashar, Umesh] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Arvelo, W (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Reg Off Cent Amer & Panama, Int Emerging Infect Program, Guatemala City, Guatemala. EM dwi4@cdc.gov OI Lopez, Beatriz/0000-0003-1353-9948; Vinje, Jan/0000-0002-1530-3675 FU CDC [UO1 GH000028-02] FX This publication was supported by Cooperative Agreement UO1 GH000028-02 from the CDC. NR 27 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 55 IS 1 BP 8 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.02.018 PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA 995GX UT WOS:000307997300003 PM 22776162 ER PT J AU de Paiva, TM Saggioro, F Santos, CLS Russo, DH Susuki, A Benega, MA Santos, KCD da Silva, DBB Smith, CB AF de Paiva, Terezinha Maria Saggioro, Fabiano Simoes Santos, Cecilia Luiza Russo, Denise Hage Susuki, Akemi Benega, Margarete Aparecida de Oliveira Santos, Katia Correa Borges da Silva, Daniela Bernardes Smith, Catherine Bender TI Fatal pneumonia due to influenza virus infection diagnosed by conventional and real-time PCR from blood postmortem specimen SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Letter DE Influenza; Fatal pneumonia; Molecular diagnosis; Blood postmortem specimen; Viral aetiology; Research C1 [de Paiva, Terezinha Maria; Simoes Santos, Cecilia Luiza; Benega, Margarete Aparecida; de Oliveira Santos, Katia Correa; Borges da Silva, Daniela Bernardes] Adolfo Lutz Inst, Nucleo Doencas Resp, Ctr Virol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Saggioro, Fabiano] Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Serv Verificacao Obito, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Russo, Denise Hage] Adolfo Lutz Inst, Nucleo Doencas Enter, Ctr Virol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Susuki, Akemi] Adolfo Lutz Inst, Nucleo Doencas Transmissao Vetorial, Ctr Virol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Smith, Catherine Bender] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Virol & Vaccines Branch, Influenza Div, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA USA. RP de Paiva, TM (reprint author), Adolfo Lutz Inst, Nucleo Doencas Resp, Ctr Virol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM tterezinha@uol.com.br; fsaggioro@terra.com.br; simoes.santos@uol.com.br; dhrusso@gmail.com; aksuzuki@uol.com.br; mabenega@bol.com.br; katiaocorrea@gmail.com; danielabiologia@bol.com.br; cab2@cdc.gov RI Russo, Denise /B-3936-2015 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 55 IS 1 BP 85 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.05.009 PG 2 WC Virology SC Virology GA 995GX UT WOS:000307997300019 PM 22727679 ER PT J AU Delaney, KP Owen, SM Wesolowski, LG Meyer, WA Heffelfinger, JD Branson, BM AF Delaney, Kevin P. Owen, S. Michelle Wesolowski, Laura G. Meyer, William A., III Heffelfinger, James D. Branson, Bernard M. TI Fatal pneumonia due to influenza virus infection diagnosed by conventional and real-time PCR from blood postmortem specimen response SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Letter ID HIV-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; TESTS; ANTIBODY C1 [Delaney, Kevin P.; Owen, S. Michelle; Wesolowski, Laura G.; Heffelfinger, James D.; Branson, Bernard M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Delaney, KP (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kdelaney@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 55 IS 1 BP 87 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.04.026 PG 2 WC Virology SC Virology GA 995GX UT WOS:000307997300020 ER PT J AU Su, WC Tolchinsky, AD Chen, BT Sigaev, VI Cheng, YS AF Su, Wei-Chung Tolchinsky, Alexander D. Chen, Bean T. Sigaev, Vladimir I. Cheng, Yung Sung TI Evaluation of physical sampling efficiency for cyclone-based personal bioaerosol samplers in moving air environments SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID INHALABLE AEROSOL SAMPLERS; AIRBORNE SPORES; PERFORMANCE; COLLECTION; BACTERIA; CELL AB The need to determine occupational exposure to bioaerosols has notably increased in the past decade, especially for microbiology-related workplaces and laboratories. Recently, two new cyclone-based personal bioaerosol samplers were developed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in the USA and the Research Center for Toxicology and Hygienic Regulation of Biopreparations (RCT & HRB) in Russia to monitor bioaerosol exposure in the workplace. Here, a series of wind tunnel experiments were carried out to evaluate the physical sampling performance of these two samplers in moving air conditions, which could provide information for personal biological monitoring in a moving air environment. The experiments were conducted in a small wind tunnel facility using three wind speeds (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 m s(-1)) and three sampling orientations (0 degrees, 90 degrees, and 180 degrees) with respect to the wind direction. Monodispersed particles ranging from 0.5 to 10 mu m were employed as the test aerosols. The evaluation of the physical sampling performance was focused on the aspiration efficiency and capture efficiency of the two samplers. The test results showed that the orientation-averaged aspiration efficiencies of the two samplers closely agreed with the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) inhalable convention within the particle sizes used in the evaluation tests, and the effect of the wind speed on the aspiration efficiency was found negligible. The capture efficiencies of these two samplers ranged from 70% to 80%. These data offer important information on the insight into the physical sampling characteristics of the two test samplers. C1 [Su, Wei-Chung; Cheng, Yung Sung] Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. [Tolchinsky, Alexander D.; Sigaev, Vladimir I.] Res Ctr Toxicol & Hygien Regulat Biopreparat, Moscow, Russia. [Chen, Bean T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Effects Lab Div, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Su, WC (reprint author), Lovelace Resp Res Inst, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. EM wsu@LRRI.org FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [R01 OH008913, R01 OH009801] FX The authors are grateful to Jiajie Sun for technical assistance. This project is sponsored by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health grant numbers R01 OH008913 and R01 OH009801. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 17 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 14 IS 9 BP 2430 EP 2437 DI 10.1039/c2em30299c PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 994AA UT WOS:000307901600014 PM 22833144 ER PT J AU Payne, AB Bean, CJ Hooper, WC Miller, CH AF Payne, A. B. Bean, C. J. Hooper, W. C. Miller, C. H. TI Utility of multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) for hemophilia mutation screening SO JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Letter ID FACTOR-VIII; INHIBITOR DEVELOPMENT; GENE; RISK; F8 C1 [Payne, A. B.; Bean, C. J.; Hooper, W. C.; Miller, C. H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Payne, AB (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bvx2@cdc.gov OI Miller, Connie H/0000-0002-3989-7973 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 12 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1538-7933 J9 J THROMB HAEMOST JI J. Thromb. Haemost. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 10 IS 9 BP 1951 EP 1954 DI 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2012.04843.x PG 4 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 999FI UT WOS:000308294400030 PM 22759210 ER PT J AU Beral, V Gaitskell, K Hermon, C Moser, K Reeves, G Peto, R Brinton, L Marchbanks, P Negri, E Ness, R Peeters, PHM Vessey, M Calle, EE Gapstur, SM Patel, AV Dal Maso, L Talamini, R Chetrit, A Hirsh-Yechezkel, G Lubin, F Sadetzki, S Banks, E Beral, V Bull, D Callaghan, K Crossley, B Gaitskell, K Goodill, A Green, J Hermon, C Key, T Moser, K Reeves, G Sitas, F Collins, R Doll, R Peto, R Gonzalez, A Lee, N Marchbanks, P Ory, HW Peterson, HB Wingo, PA Martin, N Pardthaisong, T Silpisornkosol, S Theetranont, C Boosiri, B Chutivongse, S Jimakorn, P Virutamasen, P Wongsrichanalai, C Tjonneland, A Titus-Ernstoff, L Byers, T Rohan, T Mosgaard, BJ Vessey, M Yeates, D Freudenheim, JL Chang-Claude, J Kaaks, R Anderson, KE Folsom, A Robien, K Hampton, J Newcomb, PA Rossing, MA Thomas, DB Weiss, NS Riboli, E Clavel-Chapelon, F Cramer, D Hankinson, SE Tworoger, SS Franceschi, S La Vecchia, C Negri, E Adami, HO Magnusson, C Riman, T Weiderpass, E Wolk, A Schouten, LJ van den Brandt, PA Chantarakul, N Koetsawang, S Rachawat, D Palli, D Black, A Brinton, LA Freedman, DM Hartge, P Hsing, AW Lacey, JV Hoover, RN Schairer, C Urban, M Graff-Iversen, S Selmer, R Bain, CJ Green, AC Purdie, DM Siskind, V Webb, PM Moysich, K McCann, SE Hannaford, P Kay, C Binns, CW Lee, AH Zhang, M Ness, RB Nasca, P Coogan, PF Palmer, JR Rosenberg, L Kelsey, J Paffenbarger, R Whittemore, A Katsouyanni, K Trichopoulou, A Trichopoulos, D Tzonou, A Dabancens, A Martinez, L Molina, R Salas, O Goodman, MT Lurie, G Carney, ME Wilkens, LR Hartman, L Manjer, J Olsson, H Grisso, JA Morgan, M Wheeler, JE Bunker, CH Edwards, RP Modugno, F Peeters, PHM Casagrande, J Pike, MC Ross, RK Wu, AH Miller, AB Kumle, M Gram, IT Lund, E McGowan, L Shu, XO Zheng, W Farley, TMM Holck, S Meirik, O Risch, HA AF Beral, V. Gaitskell, K. Hermon, C. Moser, K. Reeves, G. Peto, R. Brinton, L. Marchbanks, P. Negri, E. Ness, R. Peeters, P. H. M. Vessey, M. Calle, E. E. Gapstur, S. M. Patel, A. V. Dal Maso, L. Talamini, R. Chetrit, A. Hirsh-Yechezkel, G. Lubin, F. Sadetzki, S. Banks, E. Beral, V. Bull, D. Callaghan, K. Crossley, B. Gaitskell, K. Goodill, A. Green, J. Hermon, C. Key, T. Moser, K. Reeves, G. Sitas, F. Collins, R. Doll, R. Peto, R. Gonzalez, A. Lee, N. Marchbanks, P. Ory, H. W. Peterson, H. B. Wingo, P. A. Martin, N. Pardthaisong, T. Silpisornkosol, S. Theetranont, C. Boosiri, B. Chutivongse, S. Jimakorn, P. Virutamasen, P. Wongsrichanalai, C. Tjonneland, A. Titus-Ernstoff, L. Byers, T. Rohan, T. Mosgaard, B. J. Vessey, M. Yeates, D. Freudenheim, J. L. Chang-Claude, J. Kaaks, R. Anderson, K. E. Folsom, A. Robien, K. Hampton, J. Newcomb, P. A. Rossing, M. A. Thomas, D. B. Weiss, N. S. Riboli, E. Clavel-Chapelon, F. Cramer, D. Hankinson, S. E. Tworoger, S. S. Franceschi, S. La Vecchia, C. Negri, E. Adami, H. O. Magnusson, C. Riman, T. Weiderpass, E. Wolk, A. Schouten, L. J. van den Brandt, P. A. Chantarakul, N. Koetsawang, S. Rachawat, D. Palli, D. Black, A. Brinton, L. A. Freedman, D. M. Hartge, P. Hsing, A. W. Lacey, J. V., Jr. Hoover, R. N. Schairer, C. Urban, M. Graff-Iversen, S. Selmer, R. Bain, C. J. Green, A. C. Purdie, D. M. Siskind, V. Webb, P. M. Moysich, K. McCann, S. E. Hannaford, P. Kay, C. Binns, C. W. Lee, A. H. Zhang, M. Ness, R. B. Nasca, P. Coogan, P. F. Palmer, J. R. Rosenberg, L. Kelsey, J. Paffenbarger, R. Whittemore, A. Katsouyanni, K. Trichopoulou, A. Trichopoulos, D. Tzonou, A. Dabancens, A. Martinez, L. Molina, R. Salas, O. Goodman, M. T. Lurie, G. Carney, M. E. Wilkens, L. R. Hartman, L. Manjer, J. Olsson, H. Grisso, J. A. Morgan, M. Wheeler, J. E. Bunker, C. H. Edwards, R. P. Modugno, F. Peeters, P. H. M. Casagrande, J. Pike, M. C. Ross, R. K. Wu, A. H. Miller, A. B. Kumle, M. Gram, I. T. Lund, E. McGowan, L. Shu, X. O. Zheng, W. Farley, T. M. M. Holck, S. Meirik, O. Risch, H. A. CA Collaborative Grp Epidemiological Natl Israeli Study Ovarian Canc Nurses Hlth Study TI Ovarian cancer and smoking: individual participant meta-analysis including 28 114 women with ovarian cancer from 51 epidemiological studies SO LANCET ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVE USE; EPITHELIAL OVARIAN; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS; HORMONAL FACTORS; TOBACCO SMOKING AB Background Smoking has been linked to mucinous ovarian cancer, but its effects on other ovarian cancer subtypes and on overall ovarian cancer risk are unclear, and the findings from most studies with relevant data are unpublished. To assess these associations, we review the published and unpublished evidence. Methods Eligible epidemiological studies were identified by electronic searches, review articles, and discussions with colleagues. Individual participant data for 28 114 women with and 94 942 without ovarian cancer from 51 epidemiological studies were analysed centrally, yielding adjusted relative risks (RRs) of ovarian cancer in smokers compared with never smokers. Findings After exclusion of studies with hospital controls, in which smoking could have affected recruitment, overall ovarian cancer incidence was only slightly increased in current smokers compared with women who had never smoked (RR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01-1.11, p=0.01). Of 17 641 epithelial cancers with specified histology, 2314 (13%) were mucinous, 2360 (13%) endometrioid, 969 (5%) clear-cell, and 9086 (52%) serous. Smoking-related risks varied substantially across these subtypes (p(heterogeneity)<0.0001). For mucinous cancers, incidence was increased in current versus never smokers (1.79, 95% CI 1.60-2.00, p<0.0001), but the increase was mainly in borderline malignant rather than in fully malignant tumours (2.25, 95% CI 1.91-2.65 vs 1.49, 1.28-1.73; p(heterogeneity)=0.01; almost half the mucinous tumours were only borderline malignant). Both endometrioid (0.81, 95% CI 0.72-0.92, p=0.001) and clear-cell ovarian cancer risks (0.80, 95% CI 0.65-0.97, p=0.03) were reduced in current smokers, and there was no significant association for serous ovarian cancers (0.99, 95% CI 0.93-1.06, p=0.8). These associations did not vary significantly by 13 sociodemographic and personal characteristics of women including their body-mass index, parity, and use of alcohol, oral contraceptives, and menopausal hormone therapy. Interpretation The excess of mucinous ovarian cancers in smokers, which is mainly of tumours of borderline malignancy, is roughly counterbalanced by the deficit of endometrioid and clear-cell ovarian cancers. The substantial variation in smoking-related risks by tumour subtype is important for understanding ovarian carcinogenesis. C1 [Beral, V.] Univ Oxford, Collaborat Grp Epidemiol Studies Ovarian Canc, Canc Epidemiol Unit, Oxford OX3 7LF, England. [Peto, R.] Univ Oxford, CR UK MRC BHF Clin Trial Serv Unit, Oxford OX3 7LF, England. [Peto, R.] Univ Oxford, Epidemiol Studies Unit, Oxford OX3 7LF, England. [Brinton, L.] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Marchbanks, P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Negri, E.] Univ Milan, Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Milan, Italy. [Ness, R.] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Peeters, P. H. M.] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Vessey, M.] Univ Oxford, Dept Publ Hlth, Oxford, England. [Calle, E. E.; Gapstur, S. M.; Patel, A. V.] Amer Canc Soc, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Dal Maso, L.; Talamini, R.] Aviano Canc Ctr, Pordenone, Italy. [Chetrit, A.; Hirsh-Yechezkel, G.; Lubin, F.; Sadetzki, S.; Natl Israeli Study Ovarian Canc] Gertner Inst, Canc & Radiat Epidemiol Unit, Tel Hashomer, Israel. [Beral, V.; Gaitskell, K.; Hermon, C.; Moser, K.; Reeves, G.; Banks, E.; Bull, D.; Callaghan, K.; Crossley, B.; Goodill, A.; Green, J.; Key, T.] Canc Epidemiol Unit, Oxford, England. [Sitas, F.] NSW Canc Council, Canc Res Div, Kings Cross, NSW, Australia. [Peto, R.; Collins, R.; Doll, R.] Canc Res UK MRC BHF Clin Trial Serv Unit, Oxford, England. [Peto, R.; Collins, R.; Doll, R.] Epidemiol Studies Unit, Oxford, England. [Gonzalez, A.] Catalan Inst Oncol, Barcelona, Spain. [Marchbanks, P.; Lee, N.; Ory, H. W.; Peterson, H. B.; Wingo, P. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Martin, N.; Pardthaisong, T.; Silpisornkosol, S.; Theetranont, C.] Chiang Mai Univ, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. [Boosiri, B.; Chutivongse, S.; Jimakorn, P.; Virutamasen, P.; Wongsrichanalai, C.] Chulalongkorn Univ, Bangkok, Thailand. [Tjonneland, A.] Danish Canc Soc, Inst Canc Epidemiol, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Titus-Ernstoff, L.] Dartmouth Coll, Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dartmouth Med Sch, Hanover, NH 03756 USA. [Byers, T.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Denver, CO USA. [Rohan, T.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Mosgaard, B. J.] Herlev Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Vessey, M.; Yeates, D.] Dept Publ Hlth, Oxford, England. [Freudenheim, J. L.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Chang-Claude, J.; Kaaks, R.] German Canc Res Ctr, Div Canc Epidemiol, Heidelberg, Germany. [Anderson, K. E.; Folsom, A.; Robien, K.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Hampton, J.; Newcomb, P. A.; Rossing, M. A.; Thomas, D. B.; Weiss, N. S.] Univ Washington, Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Riboli, E.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Clavel-Chapelon, F.] INSERM, U1018, Villejuif, France. [Clavel-Chapelon, F.] Paris S Univ, Inst Cancerol Gustave Roussy, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France. [Cramer, D.; Hankinson, S. E.; Tworoger, S. S.; Nurses Hlth Study] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hankinson, S. E.; Tworoger, S. S.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Channing Div Network Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Franceschi, S.] Int Agcy Res Canc, F-69372 Lyon, France. [Negri, E.; La Vecchia, C.] Univ Milan, Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Milan, Italy. [Adami, H. O.; Magnusson, C.; Riman, T.; Weiderpass, E.; Wolk, A.] Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden. [Schouten, L. J.; van den Brandt, P. A.] Maastricht Univ, Maastricht, Netherlands. [Chantarakul, N.; Koetsawang, S.; Rachawat, D.] Mahidol Univ, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Palli, D.] Canc Res & Prevent Inst, Mol & Nutr Epidemiol Unit, Florence, Italy. [Black, A.; Brinton, L. A.; Freedman, D. M.; Hartge, P.; Hsing, A. W.; Lacey, J. V., Jr.; Hoover, R. N.; Schairer, C.] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Urban, M.] Natl Hlth Lab Serv, NHLS MRC Canc Epidemiol Res Grp, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Graff-Iversen, S.; Selmer, R.] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Oslo, Norway. [Bain, C. J.; Green, A. C.; Purdie, D. M.; Siskind, V.; Webb, P. M.] Queensland Inst Med Res, Brisbane, Qld 4006, Australia. [Bain, C. J.; Green, A. C.; Purdie, D. M.; Siskind, V.; Webb, P. M.] Univ Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Moysich, K.; McCann, S. E.] Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. [Hannaford, P.; Kay, C.] Royal Coll Gen Practitioners Oral Contracept Stud, London, England. [Binns, C. W.; Lee, A. H.; Zhang, M.] Curtin Univ Technol, Sch Publ Hlth, Perth, WA, Australia. [Ness, R. B.] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Nasca, P.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Coogan, P. F.; Palmer, J. R.; Rosenberg, L.] Boston Univ, Slone Epidemiol Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Kelsey, J.; Paffenbarger, R.; Whittemore, A.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Katsouyanni, K.; Trichopoulou, A.; Trichopoulos, D.; Tzonou, A.] Univ Athens, Sch Med, GR-11527 Athens, Greece. [Dabancens, A.; Martinez, L.; Molina, R.; Salas, O.] Univ Chile, Santiago, Chile. [Goodman, M. T.; Lurie, G.; Carney, M. E.; Wilkens, L. R.] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Hartman, L.; Manjer, J.; Olsson, H.] Univ Lund Hosp, S-22185 Lund, Sweden. [Grisso, J. A.; Morgan, M.; Wheeler, J. E.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Bunker, C. H.; Edwards, R. P.; Modugno, F.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Peeters, P. H. M.] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Casagrande, J.; Pike, M. C.; Ross, R. K.; Wu, A. H.] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Miller, A. B.] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Kumle, M.; Gram, I. T.; Lund, E.] Univ Tromso, Tromso, Norway. [McGowan, L.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. [Shu, X. O.; Zheng, W.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Farley, T. M. M.; Holck, S.; Meirik, O.] World Hlth Org, UNDP UNFPA WHO World Bank Special Programme Res D, Geneva, Switzerland. [Risch, H. A.] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Yale, CT USA. RP Beral, V (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Collaborat Grp Epidemiol Studies Ovarian Canc, Canc Epidemiol Unit, Richard Doll Bldg, Oxford OX3 7LF, England. EM collaborations@ceu.ox.ac.uk RI Gonzalez, Carlos A/O-4651-2014; Schouten, Leo/G-3713-2012; Beral, Valerie/B-2979-2013; Binns, Colin/A-6012-2008; Negri, Eva/B-7244-2013; Webb, Penelope/D-5736-2013; Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise/G-6733-2014; Brinton, Louise/G-7486-2015; Weiderpass, Elisabete/M-4029-2016 OI Sitas, Freddy/0000-0001-9679-1481; La Vecchia, Carlo/0000-0003-1441-897X; PALLI, Domenico/0000-0002-5558-2437; Robien, Kim/0000-0002-2120-2280; Gonzalez, Carlos A/0000-0003-2822-9715; Tworoger, Shelley/0000-0002-6986-7046; Magnusson, Cecilia/0000-0002-8567-6725; dal maso, luigino/0000-0001-6163-200X; Negri, Eva/0000-0001-9712-8526; Webb, Penelope/0000-0003-0733-5930; Brinton, Louise/0000-0003-3853-8562; Weiderpass, Elisabete/0000-0003-2237-0128 FU Cancer Research UK; MRC FX Cancer Research UK and MRC. NR 63 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1470-2045 EI 1474-5488 J9 LANCET ONCOL JI Lancet Oncol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 13 IS 9 BP 946 EP 956 DI 10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70322-4 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 000XZ UT WOS:000308425600022 ER PT J AU Gilboa, SM Desrosiers, TA Lawson, C Lupo, PJ Riehle-Colarusso, TJ Stewart, PA van Wijngaarden, E Waters, MA Correa, A AF Gilboa, Suzanne M. Desrosiers, Tania A. Lawson, Christina Lupo, Philip J. Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany J. Stewart, Patricia A. van Wijngaarden, Edwin Waters, Martha A. Correa, Adolfo CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Association between maternal occupational exposure to organic solvents and congenital heart defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2002 SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY VENOUS RETURN; RISK-FACTORS; CARDIOVASCULAR MALFORMATIONS; ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; PREVALENCE; POPULATION; SMOKING; FINLAND AB Objective To examine the relation between congenital heart defects (CHDs) in offspring and estimated maternal occupational exposure to chlorinated solvents, aromatic solvents and Stoddard solvent during the period from 1 month before conception through the first trimester. Methods The study population included mothers of infants with simple isolated CHDs and mothers of control infants who delivered from 1997 through 2002 and participated in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Two methods to assess occupational solvent exposure were employed: an expert consensus-based approach and a literature-based approach. Multiple logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for the association between solvent classes and CHDs. Results 2951 control mothers and 2047 CHD case mothers were included. Using the consensus-based approach, associations were observed for exposure to any solvent and any chlorinated solvent with perimembranous ventricular septal defects (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.0 to 2.6 and OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0 to 2.8, respectively). Using the literature-based approach, associations were observed for: any solvent exposure with aortic stenosis (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.1) and Stoddard solvent exposure with d-transposition of the great arteries (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.0 to 4.2), right ventricular outflow tract obstruction defects (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.3) and pulmonary valve stenosis (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.8). Conclusions The authors found evidence of associations between occupational exposure to solvents and several types of CHDs. These results should be interpreted in light of the potential for misclassification of exposure. C1 [Gilboa, Suzanne M.; Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany J.; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Desrosiers, Tania A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Lawson, Christina; Waters, Martha A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Lupo, Philip J.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Stewart, Patricia A.] Stewart Exposure Assessments LLC, Arlington, VA USA. [van Wijngaarden, Edwin] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Community & Prevent Med, Rochester, NY USA. [Correa, Adolfo] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. RP Gilboa, SM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, MS E 86,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgilboa@cdc.gov OI Lupo, Philip/0000-0003-0978-5863 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [PA 96043, PA 02081, FOA DD09-001, 200-2000-08018]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX This work was supported through cooperative agreements under PA 96043, PA 02081 and FOA DD09-001 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the Centers for Birth Defects Research and Prevention participating in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. This work was also supported by contract 200-2000-08018 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 41 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 5 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 69 IS 9 BP 628 EP 635 DI 10.1136/oemed-2011-100536 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 997UJ UT WOS:000308191900004 PM 22811060 ER PT J AU Burt, S AF Burt, Susan TI Merchant seafaring: a changing and hazardous occupation Response SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID CARPAL-TUNNEL-SYNDROME C1 NIOSH, Industrywise Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Burt, S (reprint author), NIOSH, Industrywise Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,Mail Stop R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM sburt@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 69 IS 9 AR 690 DI 10.1136/oemed-2012-100712 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 997UJ UT WOS:000308191900014 PM 22535771 ER PT J AU D'Anna, LH Korosteleva, O Warner, L Douglas, J Paul, S Metcalf, C McIlvaine, E Malone, CK AF D'Anna, Laura Hoyt Korosteleva, Olga Warner, Lee Douglas, John Paul, Sindy Metcalf, Carol McIlvaine, Elizabeth Malone, C. Kevin CA RESPECT-2 Study Grp TI Factors Associated With Condom Use Problems During Vaginal Sex With Main and Non-Main Partners SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TRANSMITTED-DISEASE CLINICS; USE ERRORS; EVENT-LEVEL; INFECTION; CHLAMYDIA; GONORRHEA; BREAKAGE; SLIPPAGE; ALCOHOL; RATES AB Background: Incorrect condom use is a common problem that can undermine their prevention impact. We assessed the prevalence of 2 condom use problems, breakage/slippage and partial use, compared problems by partnership type, and examined associations with respondent, partner, and partnership characteristics. Methods: Data were collected at 3-month intervals during a 12-month period (1999-2000) among urban sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic users. Condom use problems were compared between partnership types using z tests for equality of proportions. Logistic generalized estimating equations modeling accounted for within-participant correlation of repeated measures. Results: Overall 3297 respondents reported 9304 main and 6793 non-main partnerships; condoms were used at least once in 4942 (53.0%) and 4523 (66.6%) of these partnerships, respectively. Condom breakage/slippage was reported during 6.0% of uses (5.1% main, 9.4% non-main) and partial use during 12.5% of uses (12.8% main, 11.5% non-main). The proportion of respondents experiencing any condom use problem in the prior 3 months was higher among main compared with non-main partnerships: 39.1% versus 29.9% had either problem; 22.5% versus 19.0% had breakage/slippage only; 21.8% versus 18.7% had partial use; and 8.7% versus 7.1% had both use problems. In multivariable analysis, factors associated with condom use problems varied by partnership type and respondent sex. The most common predictors of problems across models were sex while high and inconsistent condom use. Conclusions: This study highlights the diverse set of risk factors for condom use problems at the individual, partner, and partnerships levels. C1 [D'Anna, Laura Hoyt; Korosteleva, Olga; Malone, C. Kevin] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Ctr Hlth Care Innovat, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA. [D'Anna, Laura Hoyt; Korosteleva, Olga; Malone, C. Kevin] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Dept Math & Stat, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA. [Warner, Lee; Douglas, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Warner, Lee; Douglas, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis,STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Paul, Sindy] New Jersey Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Div HIV AIDS Serv, Trenton, NJ USA. [Paul, Sindy; Metcalf, Carol] Medecins Sans Frontieres, Cape Town, South Africa. [McIlvaine, Elizabeth] Univ So Calif, Dept Prevent Med, Alhambra, CA USA. RP D'Anna, LH (reprint author), Calif State Univ Long Beach, Ctr Hlth Care Innovat, FO5-Room 120,1250 Bellflower Blvd, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA. EM laura.d'anna@csulb.edu FU United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities [P20MD003942] FX Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: RESPECT-2 was funded by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The preparation of this manuscript was supported in part by Award Number P20MD003942 from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, or the National Institutes of Health. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 39 IS 9 BP 687 EP 693 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31825ef325 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 995ET UT WOS:000307991400005 PM 22895490 ER PT J AU Meza, B Lohrke, B Wilkinson, R Pitman, JP Pathak, S Shiraishi, RW Mataranyika, M Lowrance, D Bock, N Basavaraju, S AF Meza, B. Lohrke, B. Wilkinson, R. Pitman, J. P. Pathak, S. Shiraishi, R. W. Mataranyika, M. Lowrance, D. Bock, N. Basavaraju, S. TI Barriers to Recognition and Reporting of Acute Transfusion Reactions Among Healthcare Workers in Namibia, 2012 SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT AABB Annual Meeting and CTTXPO CY OCT 06-09, 2012 CL Boston, MA SP AABB, CTTXPO C1 [Meza, B.; Bock, N.; Basavaraju, S.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, HIV Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lohrke, B.; Wilkinson, R.] Blood Transfus Serv Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia. [Pitman, J. P.; Lowrance, D.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Windhoek, Namibia. [Shiraishi, R. W.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Epidemiol & Strateg Informat Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mataranyika, M.] Namibia Minist Hlth & Social Serv, Directorate Clin Support Serv, Windhoek, Namibia. [Pathak, S.] ICF Int, Atlanta, GA USA. EM vqy3@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2012 VL 52 SU 3 SI SI BP 176A EP 176A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 000PH UT WOS:000308398600429 ER PT J AU Papari, M Phillips, M Lynn, C Soyemi, K Jensen, SH Chugh, R Bosserman, E Henderson, L Xayavong, M Herwaldt, BL AF Papari, M. Phillips, M. Lynn, C. Soyemi, K. Jensen, S. Hoferka Chugh, R. Bosserman, E. Henderson, L. Xayavong, M. Herwaldt, B. L. TI Investigation of a Case of Babesia microti Infection in 2011 in a Multiply Transfused Patient in Illinois SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT AABB Annual Meeting and CTTXPO CY OCT 06-09, 2012 CL Boston, MA SP AABB, CTTXPO C1 [Papari, M.; Phillips, M.; Lynn, C.] LifeSource Chicagolands Blood Ctr, Rosemont, IL USA. [Soyemi, K.] Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL USA. [Jensen, S. Hoferka; Chugh, R.] Du Page Cty Hlth Dept, Wheaton, IL USA. [Bosserman, E.; Henderson, L.; Xayavong, M.; Herwaldt, B. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM mpapari@itxm.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2012 VL 52 SU 3 SI SI BP 210A EP 210A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 000PH UT WOS:000308398600517 ER PT J AU Harvey, A Kuehnert, MJ AF Harvey, A. Kuehnert, M. J. TI Transfusion-Related Adverse Events Reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network, 2010-2011 SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT AABB Annual Meeting and CTTXPO CY OCT 06-09, 2012 CL Boston, MA SP AABB, CTTXPO C1 [Harvey, A.; Kuehnert, M. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Blood Organ & Other Tissue Safety, Atlanta, GA USA. EM fom7@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2012 VL 52 SU 3 SI SI BP 264A EP 264A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 000PH UT WOS:000308398600659 ER PT J AU Kempton, CL Allen, G Hord, J Kruse-Jarres, R Pruthi, RK Walsh, C Young, G Soucie, JM AF Kempton, Christine L. Allen, Geoff Hord, Jeffrey Kruse-Jarres, Rebecca Pruthi, Rajiv K. Walsh, Christopher Young, Guy Soucie, J. Michael TI Eradication of factor viii inhibitors in patients with mild and moderate hemophilia A SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 [Kempton, Christine L.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Allen, Geoff] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Hord, Jeffrey] Akron Childrens Hosp, Akron, OH USA. [Kruse-Jarres, Rebecca] Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Pruthi, Rajiv K.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. [Walsh, Christopher] Mt Sinai Med Ctr, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Young, Guy] Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. [Soucie, J. Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kempton, CL (reprint author), 2015 Uppergate Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM christine.kempton@emory.edu RI Young, Guy/I-1880-2012; Allen, Geoffrey/S-3535-2016; OI Young, Guy/0000-0001-6013-1254; Allen, Geoffrey/0000-0003-4351-1014 FU NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR000454]; NCRR NIH HHS [UL1 RR025008]; NHLBI NIH HHS [1K23HL105785-01, K23 HL105785, K30 HL004129] NR 0 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0361-8609 J9 AM J HEMATOL JI Am. J. Hematol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 87 IS 9 BP 933 EP 936 DI 10.1002/ajh.23269 PG 4 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 993FY UT WOS:000307843300021 PM 22733686 ER PT J AU de Perio, MA Brueck, SE Mueller, CA Milne, CK Rubin, MA Gundlapalli, AV Mayer, J AF de Perio, Marie A. Brueck, Scott E. Mueller, Charles A. Milne, Caroline K. Rubin, Michael A. Gundlapalli, Adi V. Mayer, Jeanmarie TI Evaluation of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) exposures and illness among physicians in training SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Health care-associated infection; Trainees; Residents; Fellows; Infection control; Personal protective equipment ID PLANNED BEHAVIOR; RESPONSE RATES; UNITED-STATES; CARE; HOSPITALS; OUTBREAK AB Background: A cluster of influenza-like illness (ILI) among physicians in training during the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic (pH1N1) led to a health hazard evaluation. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to examine exposures, infection control practices, ILI prevalence, and transmission among physicians in training at 4 affiliated hospitals during the pandemic. We administered an electronic survey and met with physicians in training and hospital personnel. Results: Of the 88 responding physicians, 85% reported exposure to pH1N1. Exposures occurred at work from patients or coworkers and outside of work from coworkers, household members, or the community. Thirteen cases of ILI were reported in May-June 2009; 10 respondents reported working while ill (duration, 1-4 days). Between 13% and 88% of respondents knew which personal protective equipment (PPE) was recommended when caring for influenza patients at the 4 hospitals. The most common reasons for not using PPE were not knowing that a patient had pH1N1 or ILI and not having PPE readily available. Conclusions: Physicians in training have gaps in their knowledge of and adherence to recommended PPE and compliance with work restrictions. Our findings underscore the importance of installing isolation precaution signage, making PPE readily available near patients with influenza, and facilitating work restrictions for ill health care personnel. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. C1 [de Perio, Marie A.; Brueck, Scott E.; Mueller, Charles A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Milne, Caroline K.; Rubin, Michael A.; Gundlapalli, Adi V.; Mayer, Jeanmarie] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP de Perio, MA (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,R-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM Mdeperio@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD SEP PY 2012 VL 40 IS 7 BP 617 EP 621 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.01.014 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 999JV UT WOS:000308308400009 PM 22622511 ER PT J AU Wright, MO Hebden, JN Allen-Bridson, K Morrell, GC Horan, T AF Wright, Marc-Oliver Hebden, Joan N. Allen-Bridson, Kathy Morrell, Gloria C. Horan, Teresa TI Health care-associated infections studies project: An American Journal of Infection Control and National Healthcare Safety Network data quality collaboration case study 8 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Wright, Marc-Oliver] NorthShore Univ Hlth Syst, Dept Infect Control, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Hebden, Joan N.] Wolters Kluwer Hlth Clin Solut, Sentri7, Bellevue, WA USA. [Allen-Bridson, Kathy; Morrell, Gloria C.; Horan, Teresa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Healthcare Safety Network, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wright, MO (reprint author), NorthShore Univ Hlth Syst, Dept Infect Control, 2650 Ridge Ave,Burch 124, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. EM MWright@northshore.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD SEP PY 2012 VL 40 IS 7 BP 670 EP 671 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.05.001 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 999JV UT WOS:000308308400020 PM 22840439 ER PT J AU Jamieson, DJ Kissin, DM Bridges, CB Rasmussen, SA AF Jamieson, Denise J. Kissin, Dmitry M. Bridges, Carolyn B. Rasmussen, Sonja A. TI Benefits of influenza vaccination during pregnancy for pregnant women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE influenza vaccination; pregnancy ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINES; IMMUNIZATION; PREVENTION; INFANTS; EFFICACY; IMMUNOGENICITY; MOTHERS AB Influenza vaccination is a cornerstone of influenza prevention efforts among pregnant women. Prior to 2005, data from studies conducted on pregnant women were limited, with much of the supporting evidence coming from influenza vaccine studies conducted among nonpregnant, age-matched populations. Since 2005, however, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated the safety and immunogenicity of influenza vaccine for pregnant women, including evidence of maternal transfer of antibody. In addition, the clinical benefit of influenza vaccination, both for the mother and infant, was demonstrated in a landmark randomized clinical trial conducted in Bangladesh. Additional randomized clinical trials with laboratory-confirmed influenza as the primary outcome are underway in countries without a current influenza vaccination program, but such trials are unlikely to be conducted in the United States or other countries that already recommend the vaccination of pregnant women. However, current evidence supports the safety and immunogenicity of inactivated influenza vaccine and its effectiveness in reducing the risk of influenza-related illness among pregnant women. C1 [Jamieson, Denise J.; Kissin, Dmitry M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bridges, Carolyn B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Coordinat Unit, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jamieson, DJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. OI Rasmussen, Sonja/0000-0002-0574-4928 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 26 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 8 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 207 IS 3 SU S BP S17 EP S20 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.06.070 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 997SC UT WOS:000308185400004 PM 22920053 ER PT J AU Kennedy, ED Ahluwalia, IB Ding, H Lu, PJ Singleton, JA Bridges, CB AF Kennedy, Erin D. Ahluwalia, Indu B. Ding, Helen Lu, Peng-Jun Singleton, James A. Bridges, Carolyn B. TI Monitoring seasonal influenza vaccination coverage among pregnant women in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE influenza; pregnancy; vaccination ID OBSTETRICIAN-GYNECOLOGISTS; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; POSTPARTUM WOMEN; INFECTION; INFANTS; H1N1 AB This report describes surveillance systems used for assessing influenza vaccination coverage among pregnant women in the United States. Coverage estimates and factors associated with maternal vaccination are reviewed for internet panel surveys of pregnant women and the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS); new estimates are reported from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and Internet panel surveys. Influenza vaccination coverage among pregnant women improved from 11% during the 2001-2002 influenza season to approximately 38% measured by BRFSS and 50% measured by Internet panel surveys during the 2010-2011 influenza season. Coverage varied by state, ranging from 26% to 68% among the states participating in PRAMS in 2009-2010. Provider recommendation increased a woman's likelihood of vaccination nearly 6-fold. Despite increases in influenza vaccination coverage among pregnant women, approximately half remain unvaccinated. Continued efforts are needed to ensure pregnant women receive recommendations and offers of vaccination from their health care providers. C1 [Kennedy, Erin D.; Ding, Helen; Lu, Peng-Jun; Singleton, James A.; Bridges, Carolyn B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ahluwalia, Indu B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kennedy, ED (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 33 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 207 IS 3 SU S BP S9 EP S16 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.06.069 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 997SC UT WOS:000308185400003 PM 22920065 ER PT J AU Rasmussen, SA Jamieson, DJ Uyeki, TM AF Rasmussen, Sonja A. Jamieson, Denise J. Uyeki, Timothy M. TI Effects of influenza on pregnant women and infants SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE infant; influenza; pandemic; pregnancy; seasonal ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; 2009 H1N1 INFLUENZA; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; VIRUS-INFECTION; A H1N1; YOUNG-CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES; MATERNAL INFLUENZA; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; ASIAN INFLUENZA AB Influenza vaccination during pregnancy has been shown to decrease the risk of influenza and its complications among pregnant women and their infants up to 6 months old. To adequately assess the benefits and potential risks that are associated with the use of influenza vaccine during pregnancy, it is necessary to examine the influenza-associated complications that occur among pregnant women and their children. Pregnant women have been shown to be at increased risk for morbidity and death with influenza illness during seasonal epidemics and pandemics. Newborn infants born to mothers with influenza during pregnancy, especially mothers with severe illness, are at increased risk of adverse outcomes, such as preterm birth and low birthweight. Infants <6 months old who experience influenza virus infection have the highest rates of hospitalization and death of all children. Here we review the risks for influenza-associated complications among pregnant women and infants <6 months old. C1 [Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinat Unit, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rasmussen, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinat Unit, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. OI Rasmussen, Sonja/0000-0002-0574-4928 NR 84 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 14 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 EI 1097-6868 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 207 IS 3 SU S BP S3 EP S8 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.06.068 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 997SC UT WOS:000308185400002 PM 22920056 ER PT J AU Lu, PJ Ding, H Black, CL AF Lu, Peng-jun Ding, Helen Black, Carla L. TI H1N1 and Seasonal Influenza Vaccination of U.S. Healthcare Personnel, 2010 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AUGUST 2009-JANUARY 2010; UNITED-STATES; SELF-REPORT; COVERAGE; THAILAND; WORKERS; US; MONOVALENT; POULTRY; ADULTS AB Background: Seasonal influenza vaccination routinely has been recommended for healthcare personnel (HCP) since 1984. The influenza A (H1N1) 2009 monovalent vaccine (H1N1 vaccine) became available in the U. S. in October 2009. Purpose: To assess 2009 H1N1 and seasonal influenza vaccination coverage and identify factors independently associated with vaccination among HCP in the U. S. Methods: Data from the 2009-2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) influenza supplemental survey were analyzed in 2011. Multivariable logistic regression and predictive marginal models were performed to identify factors independently associated with vaccination among HCP. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis procedure was used to estimate the cumulative proportion of people vaccinated. Results: Among 16,975 HCP surveyed, 2009 H1N1, seasonal, and any-dose vaccination coverage were 34.1% (95% CI = 32.7%, 35.5%); 52.4% (95% CI = 50.9%, 53.9%); and 58.0% (95% CI = 56.5%, 59.5%), respectively, all of which were significantly higher than those for non-HCP (19.1%, 34.9%, and 40.3%, respectively). The H1N1 vaccination coverage among HCP ranged from 18.4% in Mississippi to 56.1% in Massachusetts and seasonal influenza vaccination coverage ranged from 40.4% in Florida to 73.1% in Nebraska. Characteristics independently associated with an increased likelihood of 2009 H1N1, seasonal, and any-dose vaccinations among HCP were as follows: non-Hispanic white, higher income, having a high-risk condition, having health insurance, the ability to see a doctor if needed, and having had a routine checkup in the previous year. Conclusions: Vaccination coverage was higher among HCP than non-HCP but still below the national health objective of 90%. Knowledge of national and state-specific H1N1 and seasonal vaccination coverage among HCP is useful for evaluating the vaccination campaign and implementing strategies for increasing yearly seasonal vaccination coverage and improving vaccination coverage among HCP in possible future pandemics. (Am J Prev Med 2012;43(3):282-292) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Lu, Peng-jun; Ding, Helen; Black, Carla L.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lu, PJ (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE Mail Stop A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lhp8@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 3 BP 282 EP 292 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.05.005 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 993TK UT WOS:000307882300007 PM 22898121 ER PT J AU Blanck, HM Kim, SA AF Blanck, Heidi M. Kim, Sonia A. TI Creating Supportive Nutrition Environments for Population Health Impact and Health Equity An Overview of the Nutrition and Obesity Policy Research and Evaluation Network's Efforts SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID RESEARCH AGENDA; SCHOOL; CONSEQUENCES; ADOLESCENTS; OVERWEIGHT; CHILDREN; TRENDS AB Childhood obesity is a major threat to individual health and society overall. Policies that support healthier food and beverage choices have been endorsed by many decision makers. These policies may reach a large proportion of the population or in some circumstances aim to reduce nutrition disparities to ensure health equity. The Nutrition and Obesity Policy Research and Evaluation Network (NOPREN) evaluates policy as a tool to improve food and beverage environments where Americans live, work, play, and learn. The network aspires to address research and evaluation gaps related to relevant policies, create standardized research tools, and help build the evidence base of effective policy solutions for childhood obesity prevention with a focus on reach, equity, cost effectiveness, and sustainability. (Am J Prev Med 2012; 43(3S2):S85-S90) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Blanck, Heidi M.; Kim, Sonia A.] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Blanck, HM (reprint author), CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-26, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM hblanck@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 3 SU 2 BP S85 EP S90 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.06.005 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 993TG UT WOS:000307881900001 PM 22898166 ER PT J AU Foltz, JL Harris, DM Blanck, HM AF Foltz, Jennifer L. Harris, Diane M. Blanck, Heidi M. TI Support Among U.S. Adults for Local and State Policies to Increase Fruit and Vegetable Access SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TOBACCO CONTROL; INTERVENTION; BELIEFS AB Background: Few American children or adults meet national objectives for consumption of both fruits and vegetables (FV). State and local policies that support community access to FV can help support individuals and families in having easier access to FV for purchase and ultimately consumption. Purpose: To assess U.S. adult support for state and local policies designed to increase community-level access to FV. Methods: Data were analyzed from the 2008 HealthStyles survey of U.S. adults (N = 5181), in which participants were asked how likely they would be to support four types of changes to local or state policies: those that would create farmers' markets and community gardens, or increase FV offerings in small stores and public sector venues. Respondents' answers were collapsed into three categories ("supportive," "neutral," and "unsupportive"); the prevalence of support for each type of policy was determined, and logistic regression was used to calculate ORs for support of each by selected demographic variables. Results: Overall, 62.1% supported farmers' markets, 57.7% supported the public sector, 54.3% supported small stores, and 47.2% supported community garden policies. Support for policy changes was relatively high among women, Hispanics, and non-Hispanic blacks. Conclusions: Although some variation in support exists, the majority of Americans support state or local policy changes designed to increase community access to FV. Future research should augment this work by including questions on willingness to pay, trade-off methods, or referendum-style questions to inform priorities among FV policy initiatives. (Am J Prev Med 2012;43(3S2):S102-S108) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Foltz, Jennifer L.] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Foltz, Jennifer L.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Foltz, JL (reprint author), CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jfoltz@cdc.gov FU Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity at the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC FX Publication of this article was supported by the Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity at the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC. NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 3 SU 2 BP S102 EP S108 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.05.017 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 993TG UT WOS:000307881900005 PM 22898158 ER PT J AU Greenlund, KJ Giles, WH AF Greenlund, Kurt J. Giles, Wayne H. TI The Prevention Research Centers Program Translating Research Into Public Health Practice and Impact SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Greenlund, Kurt J.; Giles, Wayne H.] CDC, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Greenlund, KJ (reprint author), CDC, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-45, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM keg9@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 3 SU 2 BP S91 EP S92 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.06.002 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 993TG UT WOS:000307881900002 PM 22898167 ER PT J AU Duong, LM McCarthy, BJ McLendon, RE Dolecek, TA Kruchko, C Douglas, LL Ajani, UA AF Duong, Linh M. McCarthy, Bridget J. McLendon, Roger E. Dolecek, Therese A. Kruchko, Carol Douglas, Lynda L. Ajani, Umed A. TI Descriptive epidemiology of malignant and nonmalignant primary spinal cord, spinal meninges, and cauda equina tumors, United States, 2004-2007 SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE spinal cord; spinal meninges; cauda equine; epidemiology; histology ID NERVOUS-SYSTEM TUMORS; HISTOLOGY; BRAIN AB BACKGROUND: Primary tumors of the spinal cord, spinal meninges, and cauda equina are relatively rare, and a paucity of population-based data exist on tumors in these sites. This study intends to augment the current literature by examining incidence of these tumors on a national level. METHODS: Data from central cancer registries in the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) programs for 2004-2007 (covering 99.2% of US population) and 1999-2007 (covering 89.4% of US population) were analyzed. Analyses for diagnosis years 2004-2007 included cases of malignant and nonmalignant primary spinal cord, spinal meninges, and cauda equina tumors. Descriptive statistics including estimated age-adjusted incidence rates standardized to the 2000 US standard population were conducted for both malignant and nonmalignant primary spinal tumors from cases diagnosed during 2004-2007 as well as trend analyses on malignant cases of primary spinal tumors (n = 5103) for cases diagnosed during 1999-2007 using SEER*Stat 6.6.2 software. RESULTS: There were 2576 cases of malignant primary spinal tumors and 9136 cases of nonmalignant primary spinal tumors in 2004-2007. The incidence of malignant and nonmalignant primary spinal tumors combined differed by age, sex, race, and ethnicity. Results of trend analyses indicated that malignant primary spinal tumors have been stable throughout the 1999-2007 period. CONCLUSIONS: This large population-based study adds new insights into the descriptive epidemiology of primary spinal cord, spinal meninges, and cauda equina tumors by providing in-depth analyses of the incidence of these tumors on a national level. Cancer 2012.(c) 2012 American Cancer Society. C1 [Duong, Linh M.; Douglas, Lynda L.; Ajani, Umed A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Canc Surveillance Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [McCarthy, Bridget J.; Dolecek, Therese A.] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Chicago, IL USA. [McLendon, Roger E.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [McLendon, Roger E.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Kruchko, Carol] Cent Brain Tumor Registry US, Hinsdale, IL USA. RP Duong, LM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Canc Surveillance Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop F-69, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lduong@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 20 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 118 IS 17 BP 4220 EP 4227 DI 10.1002/cncr.27390 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 993GN UT WOS:000307845200019 PM 22907705 ER PT J AU Kraft, JM Kulkarni, A Hsia, J Jamieson, DJ Warner, L AF Kraft, Joan Marie Kulkarni, Aniket Hsia, Jason Jamieson, Denise J. Warner, Lee TI Sex education and adolescent sexual behavior: do community characteristics matter? SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Article DE Adolescents; Sex education; Sexual behavior; Community context ID NEIGHBORHOOD CONTEXT AB Background: Studies point to variation in the effects of formal sex education on sexual behavior and contraceptive use by individual and community characteristics. Study Design: Using the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth, we explored associations between receipt of sex education and intercourse by age 15, intercourse by the time of the interview and use of effective contraception at first sex among 15-19-year-olds, stratified by quartiles of three community characteristics and adjusted for demographics. Results: Across all quartiles of community characteristics, sex education reduced the odds of having sex by age 15. Sex education resulted in reduced odds of having sex by the date of the interview and increased odds of using contraception in the middle quartiles of community characteristics. Conclusion: Variation in the effects of sex education should be explored. Research might focus on programmatic differences by community type and programmatic needs in various types of communities. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kraft, Joan Marie; Kulkarni, Aniket; Jamieson, Denise J.; Warner, Lee] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hsia, Jason] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kraft, JM (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jik4@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD SEP PY 2012 VL 86 IS 3 BP 276 EP 280 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2012.01.004 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 999AX UT WOS:000308282600015 PM 22325112 ER PT J AU Evatt, BL AF Evatt, B. L. TI The AIDS epidemic in haemophilia patients II: pursuing absolute viral safety of clotting factor concentrates 1985-1988 SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Article ID FACTOR-VIII CONCENTRATE; HTLV-III; LAV/HTLV-III; HEAT; VIRUS; ANTIBODIES; IMMUNODEFICIENCY; SEROCONVERSION; INACTIVATION; BLOOD C1 [Evatt, B. L.] Ctr Dis Control, Div Hematol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD SEP PY 2012 VL 18 IS 5 BP 649 EP 654 DI 10.1111/hae.12000 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 993ZT UT WOS:000307900700018 PM 22925331 ER PT J AU Miller, CH Payne, AB Kelly, FM Soucie, JM Hooper, WC AF Miller, C. H. Payne, A. B. Kelly, F. M. Soucie, J. M. Hooper, W. C. TI Characteristics of the 2,513 F8 mutations in the CDC hemophilia A mutation project (CHAMP) mutation list updated in 2012 SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Miller, C. H.; Payne, A. B.; Kelly, F. M.; Soucie, J. M.; Hooper, W. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD SEP PY 2012 VL 18 IS 5 BP 831 EP 831 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 993ZT UT WOS:000307900700059 ER PT J AU Tobase, P Lane, H Siddiqi, AEA Ingram-Rich, R Ward, S AF Tobase, P. Lane, H. Siddiqi, A. -E. -A. Ingram-Rich, R. Ward, S. CA Hemophilia Treatment Ctr Network TI Trends in invasive orthopedic interventions in people with hemophilia enrolled in the Universal Data Collection (2000-2010) SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tobase, P.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Hemophilia Treatment Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Lane, H.] Primary Childrens Med Ctr, Intermt Hemophilia & Thrombosis Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84103 USA. [Siddiqi, A. -E. -A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ingram-Rich, R.] Hemophilia Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR USA. [Ward, S.] Univ Utah, Coll Hlth, Dept Phys Therapy, Salt Lake City, UT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD SEP PY 2012 VL 18 IS 5 BP 832 EP 832 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 993ZT UT WOS:000307900700063 ER PT J AU Shah, NS Cavanaugh, JS Pratt, R Cain, KP Wells, C Laserson, K Nelson, L AF Shah, N. S. Cavanaugh, J. S. Pratt, R. Cain, K. P. Wells, C. Laserson, K. Nelson, L. TI Epidemiology of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis in the United States, 1993-2008 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; diagnosis; smear microscopy ID CARE-SYSTEM DELAYS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; PLEURAL EFFUSION; DIAGNOSIS; PREVALENCE; MORTALITY; INFECTION; SETTINGS; SERVICES; CHILDREN AB BACKGROUND: Smear-negative tuberculosis (TB) is difficult to diagnose and has been associated with poor treatment outcomes and excessive mortality, particularly in high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalent settings. However, few studies have used mycobacterial culture to rigorously confirm all smear-negative TB cases in a population-based cohort. DESIGN: We included all culture-confirmed, pulmonary TB cases reported to the US National TB Surveillance System from 1993 to 2008. We analyzed smear-negative TB risk factors and survival, as compared to smear-positive TB. We calculated prevalence ratios (PRs) and adjusted for confounders (aPR). RESULTS: From 1993 to 2008, 159 121 cases of culture-confirmed pulmonary TB were reported in the United States, of which 58 786 (37%) were sputum smear-negative. Smear-negative TB cases were more likely to be foreign-born (aPR 1.10, 95%CI 1.08-1.12), incarcerated (aPR 1.52, 95%CI 1.48-1.56) or HIV-infected (aPR 1.27, 95%CI 1.24-1.30). Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks were less likely to have smear-negative TB (respectively aPR 0.87, 95%CI 0.85-0.89 and aPR 0.90, 95%CI 0.89-0.92). Smear-negative TB cases had lower mortality (aRR 0.78, 95%CI 0.74-0.81), independent of HIV status. CONCLUSION: Smear-negative TB represents a large proportion of TB cases in the United States, and occurs more often among persons in groups more likely to undergo TB screening. The lower mortality may indicate earlier TB detection, and underscores the need for continued vigilance in screening of high-risk persons. C1 [Shah, N. S.; Cavanaugh, J. S.; Pratt, R.; Cain, K. P.; Wells, C.; Laserson, K.; Nelson, L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shah, N. S.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Pratt, R.] Northrop Grumman, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Cavanaugh, JS (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ns597@columbia.edu; hgi7@cdc.gov FU Division of Tuberculosis Elimination (DTBE), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Doris Duke Clinical Scientist Development Award; CDC FX The authors thank the city, county and state TB controllers who contributed to this report through diligent recording and reporting of TB cases. They also thank members of the Division of Tuberculosis Elimination (DTBE), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA, for their support of this work and critical review of this manuscript.; NSS is the recipient of a Doris Duke Clinical Scientist Development Award. No specific funding was provided for this analysis. The DTBE, CDC employs or employed all authors of this article and all other staff acknowledged above who contributed to this report. In addition, the CDC provide funding to state and local departments of health to conduct TB surveillance. NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 16 IS 9 BP 1234 EP 1240 DI 10.5588/ijtld.11.0794 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 996TO UT WOS:000308117900019 PM 22748057 ER PT J AU Gopalappa, C Farnham, PG Hutchinson, AB Sansom, SL AF Gopalappa, Chaitra Farnham, Paul G. Hutchinson, Angela B. Sansom, Stephanie L. TI Cost Effectiveness of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy Goal of Increasing Linkage to Care for HIV-Infected Persons SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Institute-for-Operations-Research-and-Management-Science CY NOV 13-16, 2011 CL Charlotte, NC SP Inst Operat Res & Management Sci DE NHAS goal; linkage to care; HIV simulation model; cost effectiveness ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ADJUSTED LIFE-YEAR; NEW-YORK-CITY; MEDICAL-CARE; UNITED-STATES; IMPROVE ADHERENCE; POSITIVE PERSONS; VIRAL LOAD; PREVENTION AB Background: One of the goals of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy (NHAS) is to increase the proportion of HIV-infected individuals linked to care within 3 months of diagnosis (early linkage) from 65% to 85%. Earlier access to care, and eventually, to treatment, increases life expectancy and quality of life for HIV-infected persons. However, longer treatment is also associated with higher costs, especially for antiretroviral drugs. We evaluated the cost effectiveness of achieving the NHAS goal and estimated the maximum cost that HIV programs could spend on linkage to care and remain cost effective. Methods: We used the Progression and Transmission of HIV/AIDS model to estimate the effects on life measures and costs associated with increasing early linkage to care from 65% to 85%. We estimated an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio as the additional cost required to reach the target divided by the quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained and assumed that programs costing $100,000 or less per QALY gained are cost effective. Results: Achieving the NHAS linkage-to-care goal increased life expectancy by 0.4 years and delayed the onset of AIDS by 1.2 years on average for every HIV-diagnosed person. Increasing early linkage to care cost an extra $62,200 per QALY gained, considering only benefits to index persons. The maximum that could be cost effectively spent on early linkage-to-care interventions was approximately $5100 per HIV-diagnosed person. Conclusions: Considerable investment can be cost effectively made to achieve the NHAS goal on early linkage to care. C1 [Gopalappa, Chaitra; Farnham, Paul G.; Hutchinson, Angela B.; Sansom, Stephanie L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gopalappa, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-48, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kiu0@cdc.gov OI Gopalappa, Chaitra/0000-0001-8384-6041 NR 46 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 61 IS 1 BP 99 EP 105 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31825bd862 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 999YO UT WOS:000308352000020 PM 22580563 ER PT J AU Chandwani, S Koenig, LJ Sill, AM Abramowitz, S Conner, LC D'Angelo, L AF Chandwani, Sulachni Koenig, Linda J. Sill, Anne M. Abramowitz, Susan Conner, Latoya C. D'Angelo, Lawrence TI Predictors of Antiretroviral Medication Adherence Among a Diverse Cohort of Adolescents With HIV SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Medication adherence; HIV infection; Adolescents; Perinatally infected adolescents; Adolescent behavior ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SELF-REPORTED ADHERENCE; PATIENT-RELATED RISKS; INFECTED YOUTH; SOCIAL SUPPORT; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS; THERAPY ADHERENCE; CLINICAL-TRIALS; UNITED-STATES; NONADHERENCE AB Purpose: To compare prevalence and describe predictors of antiretroviral treatment adherence among adolescents with HIV acquired perinatally (PIY) or through risk behaviors (BIY). Methods: Data were obtained from the baseline assessment of Adolescent Impact, an intervention for HIV-infected adolescents receiving care in three U. S. cities. Patients self-reported missed medication doses as well as medication factors, HIV knowledge, disclosure, substance use, mental health, and social support through face-to-face or computer-assisted interviews. Results: Of 104 participants, 68 (65.4%) reported full adherence. Compared with BIY, PIY were younger, had greater HIV disease severity, and had more structural supports. Adjusting for transmission mode (PIY vs. BIY), nonadherence by self-reportwasassociated with higher viral load (VL) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.5, confidence interval [CI] = 1.03, 2.18). Nonadherent adolescents were significantly likely to have had AIDS, discussed HIV disease with providers, reported difficulty with medication routine, experienced internalizing behavior problems, and used drugs. In multivariate analyses, independent predictors of nonadherence included acquiring HIV behaviorally (AOR = 4.378, CI = 1.055, 18.165), ever having AIDS (AOR = 4.78, CI = 1.31, 17.49), perceiving difficult medication routine (AOR = 1.84, CI = 1.07, 3.16), discussing disease indicators with provider (AOR = 4.57, CI = 1.74, 11.98), and missing doses because of forgetting (AOR = 2.53, CI = 1.29, 4.96). Adjusting for transmission mode, detectable VL was associated with lower recent CD4(+) lymphocyte counts, discussing disease indicators with providers, and missing doses because of forgetting or being depressed. Low recent CD4(+) lymphocyte counts (AOR = .988, p = .024) but fewer HIV symptoms (AOR = .466, p = .032) and missing doses because of forgetting (AOR = 1.76, p = .05) were independently associated with detectable VL in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Despite differences between groups, nonadherence was associated with severity of illness, difficult medication routine, and forgetfulness. Beyond individual needs, both groups of adolescents had suboptimal adherence and would benefit from simplified medication routines and organizational skills. (C) 2012 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Chandwani, Sulachni; Abramowitz, Susan] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Koenig, Linda J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sill, Anne M.; Conner, Latoya C.; D'Angelo, Lawrence] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Chandwani, S (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, 550 1st Ave,NB Bldg,Room 8W46, New York, NY 10016 USA. EM sulachni.chandwani@nyumc.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U64CCU219448, U64CCU319459, U64CCU319455]; Center for Disease Control; HRSA FX The Adolescent Impact study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through cooperative agreements U64CCU219448 (New York University School of Medicine), U64CCU319459 (Children's National Medical Center), and U64CCU319455 (University of Maryland School of Medicine).; S.C. received grant support from Center for Disease Control; S. A. received grant support from Center for Disease Control and HRSA; and L. A. received grant support from Center for Disease Control. NR 44 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 4 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD SEP PY 2012 VL 51 IS 3 BP 242 EP 251 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.12.013 PG 10 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 994QJ UT WOS:000307945900008 PM 22921134 ER PT J AU Underwood, JM Townsend, JS Tai, E White, A Davis, SP Fairley, TL AF Underwood, J. Michael Townsend, Julie S. Tai, Eric White, Arica Davis, Shane P. Fairley, Temeika L. TI Persistent cigarette smoking and other tobacco use after a tobacco-related cancer diagnosis SO JOURNAL OF CANCER SURVIVORSHIP-RESEARCH AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Tobacco; Epidemiology; Survivors; Neoplasms; Second Primary ID CELL LUNG-CANCER; HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; CHILDHOOD-CANCER; CERVICAL-CANCER; UNITED-STATES; SMOKELESS TOBACCO; TEACHABLE MOMENT; SURVIVORS; CESSATION AB People who continue to smoke after a cancer diagnosis have an increased risk for recurrences or development of new malignancies. These risks may be even higher among tobacco-related cancer survivors (TRCS). We describe tobacco use behaviors among TRCS, other cancer survivors, and people without a history of cancer. We used 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data to describe demographic characteristics, smoking history, current smoking prevalence, and smokeless tobacco use among TRCS, other cancer survivors, and people without a history of cancer (cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use were calculated after adjusting for age, sex, race, and insurance status). Tobacco-related cancers were defined as lung/bronchial, pharyngeal, laryngeal, esophageal, stomach, pancreatic, kidney/renal, urinary bladder, cervical, and acute myeloid leukemia. A total of 20 % of all cancer survivors were TRCS. TRCS were primarily female (68 %) and white (78 %). Smoking prevalence was higher among TRCS (27 %) compared with other cancer survivors (16 %) and respondents without a history of cancer (18 %). Smokeless tobacco use was higher among respondents without a history of cancer (4 %) compared with TRCS (3 %) and other cancer survivors (3 %). The self-reported smoking prevalence among TRCS is higher than among other cancer survivors and people without a history of cancer. Targeted smoking prevention and cessation interventions are needed for cancer survivors, especially those diagnosed with a tobacco-related cancer. We recommend all cancer survivors be made aware of the health risks associated with smoking after a cancer diagnosis, and smoking cessation services be offered to those who currently smoke. We provide the first population-based report on demographic characteristics and tobacco use behaviors among self-reported tobacco-related cancer survivors. C1 [Underwood, J. Michael; Townsend, Julie S.; Tai, Eric; White, Arica; Fairley, Temeika L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Davis, Shane P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Underwood, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jmunderwood@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 69 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1932-2259 J9 J CANCER SURVIV JI J. Cancer Surviv.-Res. Pract. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 6 IS 3 BP 333 EP 344 DI 10.1007/s11764-012-0230-1 PG 12 WC Oncology; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Oncology; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 999PB UT WOS:000308325200011 PM 22706885 ER PT J AU Cao, WP Taylor, AK Biber, RE Davis, WG Kim, JH Reber, AJ Chirkova, T De la Cruz, JA Pandey, A Ranjan, P Katz, JM Gangappa, S Sambhara, S AF Cao, Weiping Taylor, Andrew K. Biber, Renata E. Davis, William G. Kim, Jin Hyang Reber, Adrian J. Chirkova, Tatiana De la Cruz, Juan A. Pandey, Aseem Ranjan, Priya Katz, Jacqueline M. Gangappa, Shivaprakash Sambhara, Suryaprakash TI Rapid Differentiation of Monocytes into Type I IFN-Producing Myeloid Dendritic Cells as an Antiviral Strategy against Influenza Virus Infection SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNE-RESPONSES; VIRAL-INFECTION; MACROPHAGES; MATURATION; ANTIGEN; LUNG; INTERFERONS; RECOGNITION; PRECURSORS; INHIBITION AB Myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) have long been thought to function as classical APCs for T cell responses. However, we demonstrate that influenza viruses induce rapid differentiation of human monocytes into mDCs. Unlike the classic mDCs, the virus-induced mDCs failed to upregulate DC maturation markers and were unable to induce allogeneic lymphoproliferation. Virus-induced mDCs secreted little, if any, proinflammatory cytokines; however, they secreted a substantial amount of chemoattractants for monocytes (MCP-1 and IP-10). Interestingly, the differentiated mDCs secreted type I IFN and upregulated the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (tetherin, IFITM3, and viperin), as well as cytosolic viral RNA sensors (RIG-I and MDA5). Additionally, culture supernatants from virus-induced mDCs suppressed the replication of virus in vitro. Furthermore, depletion of monocytes in a mouse model of influenza infection caused significant reduction of lung mDC numbers, as well as type I IFN production in the lung. Consequently, increased lung virus titer and higher mortality were observed. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the host responds to influenza virus infection by initiating rapid differentiation of circulating monocytes into IFN-producing mDCs, which contribute to innate antiviral immune responses. The Journal of Immunology, 2012, 189: 2257-2265. C1 [Cao, Weiping; Taylor, Andrew K.; Biber, Renata E.; Davis, William G.; Kim, Jin Hyang; Reber, Adrian J.; Chirkova, Tatiana; De la Cruz, Juan A.; Pandey, Aseem; Ranjan, Priya; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Gangappa, Shivaprakash; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunol & Pathogenesis Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sambhara, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influ Enza Div, Immunol Sect, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ssambhara@cdc.gov NR 52 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 189 IS 5 BP 2257 EP 2265 DI 10.4049/jimmunol.1200168 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 996JZ UT WOS:000308083600023 PM 22855715 ER PT J AU Deye, GJ Kulkarni, P Ku, BK AF Deye, Gregory J. Kulkarni, Pramod Ku, Bon Ki TI Morphological characterization of carbon nanofiber aerosol using tandem mobility and aerodynamic size measurements SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Microstructure characterization; Nanofiber; Effective density; Dynamic shape factor; Particle mass ID DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; PULMONARY TOXICITY; NANOTUBE MATERIAL; EXPOSURE; MASS; DENSITY AB Characterizing microstructural and transport properties of non-spherical particles, such as carbon nanofibers (CNF), is important for understanding their transport and deposition in human respiratory system and engineered devices such as particle filters. We describe an approach to obtain morphological information of non-spherical particles using a tandem system of differential mobility analyzer (DMA) and an electrical low-pressure impactor (ELPI). Effective density, dynamic shape factors (DSF), particle mass, and fractal dimension-like mass-scaling exponent of nanofibers were derived using the measured mobility and aerodynamic diameters, along with the known material density of CNF. Multiple charging of particles during DMA classification, which tends to bias the measured shape factors and particle mass toward higher values, was accounted for using a correction procedure. Particle mass derived from DMA-ELPI measurements agreed well with the direct mass measurements using an aerosol particle mass analyzer. Effective densities, based on mobility diameters, ranged from 0.32 to 0.67 g cm(-3). The DSF of the CNF ranged from 1.8 to 2.3, indicating highly non-spherical particle morphologies. C1 [Deye, Gregory J.; Kulkarni, Pramod; Ku, Bon Ki] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Kulkarni, P (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R-3, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM pskulkarni@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 EI 1572-896X J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 14 IS 9 AR 1112 DI 10.1007/s11051-012-1112-1 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 998GP UT WOS:000308225800042 ER PT J AU Kuempel, ED Castranova, V Geraci, CL Schulte, PA AF Kuempel, E. D. Castranova, V. Geraci, C. L. Schulte, P. A. TI Development of risk-based nanomaterial groups for occupational exposure control SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Risk assessment; Occupational exposure limits; Comparative toxicity; Hazard groups; Exposure control groups; Health effects ID WALLED-CARBON-NANOTUBES; CHRONIC INHALATION EXPOSURE; INHALED DIESEL EXHAUST; PARTICLE SURFACE-AREA; IN-VIVO; ENGINEERED NANOPARTICLES; PULMONARY RESPONSE; DECISION-ANALYSIS; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; LOW-TOXICITY AB Given the almost limitless variety of nanomaterials, it will be virtually impossible to assess the possible occupational health hazard of each nanomaterial individually. The development of science-based hazard and risk categories for nanomaterials is needed for decision-making about exposure control practices in the workplace. A possible strategy would be to select representative (benchmark) materials from various mode of action (MOA) classes, evaluate the hazard and develop risk estimates, and then apply a systematic comparison of new nanomaterials with the benchmark materials in the same MOA class. Poorly soluble particles are used here as an example to illustrate quantitative risk assessment methods for possible benchmark particles and occupational exposure control groups, given mode of action and relative toxicity. Linking such benchmark particles to specific exposure control bands would facilitate the translation of health hazard and quantitative risk information to the development of effective exposure control practices in the workplace. A key challenge is obtaining sufficient dose-response data, based on standard testing, to systematically evaluate the nanomaterials' physical-chemical factors influencing their biological activity. Categorization processes involve both science-based analyses and default assumptions in the absence of substance-specific information. Utilizing data and information from related materials may facilitate initial determinations of exposure control systems for nanomaterials. C1 [Kuempel, E. D.; Geraci, C. L.; Schulte, P. A.] NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div NTRC, Nanotechnol Res Ctr NTRC, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Castranova, V.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV USA. [Castranova, V.] NIOSH, NTRC, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Kuempel, ED (reprint author), NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div NTRC, Nanotechnol Res Ctr NTRC, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM ekuempel@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 78 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 5 U2 39 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 EI 1572-896X J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 14 IS 9 AR 1029 DI 10.1007/s11051-012-1029-8 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 998GP UT WOS:000308225800006 PM 26504427 ER PT J AU Nelson, JS Burchfiel, CM Fekedulegn, D Andrew, ME AF Nelson, James S. Burchfiel, Cecil M. Fekedulegn, Desta Andrew, Michael E. TI Potential risk factors for incident glioblastoma multiforme: the Honolulu Heart Program and Honolulu-Asia Aging Study SO JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Brain tumor; Cancer; Epidemiology; Glioma; Risk factors ID FRANCISCO BAY AREA; BRAIN-TUMORS; JAPANESE ANCESTRY; MAILLARD REACTION; LIFE-STYLE; GLIOMA; MEN; ACRYLAMIDE; CANCER; CALIFORNIA AB Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common adult primary malignant brain tumor. Ninety percent of adult GBM patients die within 24 months after diagnosis. The etiology of GBM is unknown. The Honolulu Heart Program (HHP) and Honolulu-Asia Aging Study (HAAS) are prospective, cohort studies of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease based on 8,006 Japanese-American men followed since 1965. The Japan Hawaii Cancer Study provides data on incident cancer cases in the HHP/HAAS cohort. We used data from these studies to obtain epidemiologic information about GBM. GBM cases were identified by searching the 1965-1998 databases using International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9) codes. Nine histologically confirmed GBM cases, 58-80 years old, were identified. The incidence rate was 6.2/100,000 person-years. Records of each case were reviewed. Selected variables from the first three examinations (1965-1968; 1968-1970; 1971-1974) were used to identify potential candidate GBM risk factors. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model showed sugar intake and occupational exposure to carbon tetrachloride were independently and significantly associated with development of GBM. C1 [Nelson, James S.] Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA. [Burchfiel, Cecil M.; Fekedulegn, Desta; Andrew, Michael E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Nelson, JS (reprint author), 5777 Magnolia Chase Way,Apt 107, Virginia Beach, VA 23464 USA. EM JSNilsson@aol.com FU National Institutes of Health (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute) [N01-HC-05102]; National Institutes of Health (National Institute on Aging) [N01-AG-4-2149]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [HELD 00B0060] FX This work is supported by the National Institutes of Health (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute contract N01-HC-05102 and National Institute on Aging contract N01-AG-4-2149) and by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (contract HELD 00B0060). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0167-594X J9 J NEURO-ONCOL JI J. Neuro-Oncol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 109 IS 2 BP 315 EP 321 DI 10.1007/s11060-012-0895-3 PG 7 WC Oncology; Clinical Neurology SC Oncology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 998OO UT WOS:000308250200012 PM 22588335 ER PT J AU Kelly, KA Miller, DB Bowyer, JF O'Callaghan, JP AF Kelly, Kimberly A. Miller, Diane B. Bowyer, John F. O'Callaghan, James P. TI Chronic exposure to corticosterone enhances the neuroinflammatory and neurotoxic responses to methamphetamine SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE glucocorticoids; methamphetamine; microglial activation; neuroinflammation; neurotoxicity; stress ID FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION; NEURONAL DEGENERATION; DOPAMINERGIC NEUROTOXICITY; SUBSTITUTED AMPHETAMINES; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; STRIATAL GLUTAMATE; GENE-EXPRESSION AB J. Neurochem. (2012) 122, 9951009. Abstract Up-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in brain (neuroinflammation) accompanies neurological disease and neurotoxicity. Previously, we documented a striatal neuroinflammatory response to acute administration of a neurotoxic dose of methamphetamine (METH), i.e. one associated with evidence of dopaminergic terminal damage and activation of microglia and astroglia. When we used minocycline to suppress METH-induced neuroinflammation, indices of dopaminergic neurotoxicity were not affected, but suppression of neuroinflammation was incomplete. Here, we administered the classic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid, corticosterone (CORT), in an attempt to completely suppress METH-related neuroinflammation. METH alone caused large increases in striatal proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine mRNA and subsequent astrocytic hypertrophy, microglial activation, and dopaminergic nerve terminal damage. Pre-treatment of mice with acute CORT failed to prevent neuroinflammatory responses to METH. Surprisingly, when mice were pre-treated with chronic CORT in the drinking water, an enhanced striatal neuroinflammatory response to METH was observed, an effect that was accompanied by enhanced METH-induced astrogliosis and dopaminergic neurotoxicity. Chronic CORT pre-treatment also sensitized frontal cortex and hippocampus to mount a neuroinflammatory response to METH. Because the levels of chronic CORT used are associated with high physiological stress, our data suggest that chronic CORT therapy or sustained physiological stress may sensitize the neuroinflammatory and neurotoxicity responses to METH. C1 [Kelly, Kimberly A.; Miller, Diane B.; O'Callaghan, James P.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Bowyer, John F.] US FDA, Div Neurotoxicol, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR USA. RP O'Callaghan, JP (reprint author), NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM jdo5@cdc.gov RI Kelly, Kimberly/J-9834-2012; O'Callaghan, James/O-2958-2013; Miller, Diane/O-2927-2013 OI Kelly, Kimberly/0000-0002-1146-3137; FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX Intramural funds from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 83 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 122 IS 5 BP 995 EP 1009 DI 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07864.x PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 994YA UT WOS:000307969700013 PM 22776046 ER PT J AU Massoudi, BL Goodman, KW Gotham, IJ Holmes, JH Lang, L Miner, K Potenziani, DD Richards, J Turner, AM Fu, PC AF Massoudi, Barbara L. Goodman, Kenneth W. Gotham, Ivan J. Holmes, John H. Lang, Lisa Miner, Kathleen Potenziani, David D. Richards, Janise Turner, Anne M. Fu, Paul C. TI An informatics agenda for public health: summarized recommendations from the 2011 AMIA PHI Conference SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB The AMIA Public Health Informatics 2011 Conference brought together members of the public health and health informatics communities to revisit the national agenda developed at the AMIA Spring Congress in 2001, assess the progress that has been made in the past decade, and develop recommendations to further guide the field. Participants met in five discussion tracks: technical framework; research and evaluation; ethics; education, professional training, and workforce development; and sustainability. Participants identified 62 recommendations, which clustered into three key themes related to the need to (1) enhance communication and information sharing within the public health informatics community, (2) improve the consistency of public health informatics through common public health terminologies, rigorous evaluation methodologies, and competency-based training, and (3) promote effective coordination and leadership that will champion and drive the field forward. The agenda and recommendations from the meeting will be disseminated and discussed throughout the public health and informatics communities. Both communities stand to gain much by working together to use these recommendations to further advance the application of information technology to improve health. C1 [Massoudi, Barbara L.] RTI Int, Ctr Adv Hlth IT, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Goodman, Kenneth W.] Univ Miami, Eth Programs, Miami, FL USA. [Gotham, Ivan J.] New York State Dept Hlth, Healthcom Network Syst Management, Albany, NY USA. [Holmes, John H.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Lang, Lisa] NIH, Natl Informat Ctr Hlth Serv Res & Hlth Care Techn, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Miner, Kathleen] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Potenziani, David D.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Richards, Janise] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Turner, Anne M.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, NW Ctr Publ Hlth Practice, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA USA. [Turner, Anne M.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, NW Ctr Publ Hlth Practice, Dept Med Educ, Seattle, WA USA. [Turner, Anne M.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, NW Ctr Publ Hlth Practice, Dept Biomed Informat, Seattle, WA USA. [Fu, Paul C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles Biomed Res Inst, Los Angeles Cty Harbor UCLA Med Ctr,Dept Pediat, Torrance, CA USA. [Fu, Paul C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles Cty Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Los Angeles Biomed Res Inst,Dept Hlth Serv, Torrance, CA USA. RP Massoudi, BL (reprint author), RTI Int, Ctr Adv Hlth IT, 2951 Flowers Rd,Suite 119, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM bmassoudi@rti.org RI Fu, Paul/C-1552-2013 OI Fu, Paul/0000-0001-5772-047X FU Robert Wood Johnson Foundation [68883] FX The AMIA PHI 2011 meeting was supported by a generous donation from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Grant Number 68883. NR 8 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 12 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1067-5027 J9 J AM MED INFORM ASSN JI J. Am. Med. Inf. Assoc. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 BP 688 EP 695 DI 10.1136/amiajnl-2011-000507 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Health Care Sciences & Services; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Health Care Sciences & Services; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics GA 994MJ UT WOS:000307934600002 PM 22395299 ER PT J AU Kass-Hout, TA Buckeridge, D Brownstein, J Xu, ZH McMurray, P Ishikawa, CKT Gunn, J Massoudi, BL AF Kass-Hout, Taha A. Buckeridge, David Brownstein, John Xu, Zhiheng McMurray, Paul Ishikawa, Charles K. T. Gunn, Julia Massoudi, Barbara L. TI Self-reported fever and measured temperature in emergency department records used for syndromic surveillance SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB Many public health agencies monitor population health using syndromic surveillance, generally employing information from emergency department (ED) visit records. When combined with other information, objective evidence of fever may enhance the accuracy with which surveillance systems detect syndromes of interest, such as influenza-like illness. This study found that patient chief complaint of self-reported fever was more readily available in ED records than measured temperature and that the majority of patients with an elevated temperature recorded also self-reported fever. Due to its currently limited availability, we conclude that measured temperature is likely to add little value to self-reported fever in syndromic surveillance for febrile illness using ED records. C1 [Kass-Hout, Taha A.; Xu, Zhiheng; McMurray, Paul] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Surveillance & Informat Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Buckeridge, David] McGill Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Int Soc Dis Surveillance, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Buckeridge, David] Montreal Publ Hlth Dept, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Brownstein, John] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Boston, Int Soc Dis Surveillance, Boston, MA USA. [Xu, Zhiheng] SRA Int Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ishikawa, Charles K. T.] Int Soc Dis Surveillance, Brighton, MA USA. [Gunn, Julia] Boston Publ Hlth Commiss, Communicable Dis Control Div, Boston, MA USA. [Massoudi, Barbara L.] RTI Int, Ctr Adv Hlth Informat Technol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kass-Hout, TA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Surveillance & Informat Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-68, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM tik2@cdc.gov OI Kass-Hout, Taha/0000-0002-0123-5157 NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1067-5027 J9 J AM MED INFORM ASSN JI J. Am. Med. Inf. Assoc. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 BP 775 EP 776 DI 10.1136/amiajnl-2012-000847 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Health Care Sciences & Services; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Health Care Sciences & Services; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics GA 994MJ UT WOS:000307934600013 PM 22596079 ER PT J AU McDonald, SM McKell, AO Rippinger, CM McAllen, JK Akopov, A Kirkness, EF Payne, DC Edwards, KM Chappell, JD Patton, JT AF McDonald, Sarah M. McKell, Allison O. Rippinger, Christine M. McAllen, John K. Akopov, Asmik Kirkness, Ewen F. Payne, Daniel C. Edwards, Kathryn M. Chappell, James D. Patton, John T. TI Diversity and Relationships of Cocirculating Modern Human Rotaviruses Revealed Using Large-Scale Comparative Genomics SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE-INDEPENDENT AMPLIFICATION; UNITED-STATES; STRAIN SURVEILLANCE; PORCINE ROTAVIRUS; POTENTIAL IMPACT; GENETIC-LINKAGE; BINDING DOMAIN; GLOBAL SPREAD; VACCINATION; CHILDREN AB Group A rotaviruses (RVs) are 11-segmented, double-stranded RNA viruses and are primary causes of gastroenteritis in young children. Despite their medical relevance, the genetic diversity of modern human RVs is poorly understood, and the impact of vaccine use on circulating strains remains unknown. In this study, we report the complete genome sequence analysis of 58 RVs isolated from children with severe diarrhea and/or vomiting at Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) in Nashville, TN, during the years spanning community vaccine implementation (2005 to 2009). The RVs analyzed include 36 GIP [8], 18 G3P [8], and 4 G12P[8] Wa-like genogroup 1 strains with VP6-VP1-VP2-VP3-NSP1-NSP2-NSP3-NSP4-NSP5/6 genotype constellations of I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E1-H1. By constructing phylogenetic trees, we identified 2 to 5 subgenotype alleles for each gene. The results show evidence of intragenogroup gene reassortment among the cocirculating strains. However, several isolates from different seasons maintained identical allele constellations, consistent with the notion that certain RV clades persisted in the community. By comparing the genes of VUMC RVs to those of other archival and contemporary RV strains for which sequences are available, we defined phylogenetic lineages and verified that the diversity of the strains analyzed in this study reflects that seen in other regions of the world. Importantly, the VP4 and VP7 proteins encoded by VUMC RVs and other contemporary strains show amino acid changes in or near neutralization domains, which might reflect antigenic drift of the virus. Thus, this large-scale, comparative genomic study of modern human RVs provides significant insight into how this pathogen evolves during its spread in the community. C1 [McDonald, Sarah M.; McKell, Allison O.] Virginia Tech Caril Res Inst, Roanoke, VA USA. [McDonald, Sarah M.; McKell, Allison O.] Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Rippinger, Christine M.; Patton, John T.] NIAID, Rotavirus Mol Biol Sect, Infect Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [McAllen, John K.; Akopov, Asmik; Kirkness, Ewen F.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA. [Payne, Daniel C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Edwards, Kathryn M.; Chappell, James D.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Chappell, James D.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP McDonald, SM (reprint author), Virginia Tech Caril Res Inst, Roanoke, VA USA. EM mcdonaldsa@vtc.vt.edu RI Patton, John/P-1390-2014 FU Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U01IP00022]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN272200900007C] FX S.M.M. and A.O.M. were supported by the Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute. J.T.P. and C.M.R. were supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health. This project was also supported in part by a contract from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contract no. 1U01IP00022) and by federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services (contract no. HHSN272200900007C). NR 56 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 86 IS 17 BP 9148 EP 9162 DI 10.1128/JVI.01105-12 PG 15 WC Virology SC Virology GA 990JW UT WOS:000307627800021 PM 22696651 ER PT J AU Guh, AY Thompson, ND Schaefer, MK Patel, PR Perz, JF AF Guh, Alice Y. Thompson, Nicola D. Schaefer, Melissa K. Patel, Priti R. Perz, Joseph F. TI Patient Notification for Bloodborne Pathogen Testing due to Unsafe Injection Practices in the US Health Care Settings, 2001-2011 SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE exposure notifications; medical errors; injections; infection control ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; INFECTION-CONTROL; UNITED-STATES; TRANSMISSION; OUTBREAK; MULTIDOSE; NEVADA; OFFICE; VIALS AB Background: Syringe reuse and other unsafe injection practices can expose patients to bloodborne pathogens (eg, hepatitis B and C viruses and human immunodeficiency virus). Evidence of such infection control lapses has resulted in patient notifications, but the scope and magnitude of these events have not been well characterized. Objectives: To summarize patient notification events resulting from unsafe injection practices in the US health care settings. Methods: We examined records of events that involved communications to groups of patients, conducted during 2001-2011, advising bloodborne pathogen testing stemming from potential exposures to unsafe injection practices. Results: We identified 35 patient notification events related to unsafe injection practices in at least 17 states, resulting in an estimated total of 130,198 patients notified. Among the identified notification events, 83% involved outpatient settings and 74% occurred since 2007, including the 4 largest events (> 5000 patients per event). The primary breach identified (>= 16 events; 44%) was syringe reuse to access shared medications (eg, single-dose or multidose vials). Twenty-two (63%) notifications stemmed from the identification of viral hepatitis transmission, whereas 13 (37%) were prompted by the discovery of unsafe injection practices, absent evidence of bloodborne pathogen transmission. Conclusions: Unsafe injection practices represent a form of medical error that have manifested as large-scale adverse events, affecting thousands of patients in a wide variety of health care settings. Our findings suggest that increased oversight and attention to basic infection control are needed to maintain patient safety, along with research to identify best practices for triggering and managing patient notifications. C1 [Guh, Alice Y.; Schaefer, Melissa K.; Patel, Priti R.; Perz, Joseph F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30030 USA. [Thompson, Nicola D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30030 USA. RP Guh, AY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30030 USA. EM ggt4@cdc.gov NR 41 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD SEP PY 2012 VL 50 IS 9 BP 785 EP 791 DI 10.1097/MLR.0b013e31825517d4 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 993OU UT WOS:000307869900006 PM 22525612 ER PT J AU Callinan, LS Tabnak, F Holman, RC Maddox, RA Kim, JJ Schonberger, LB Vugia, DJ Belay, ED AF Callinan, Laura S. Tabnak, Farzaneh Holman, Robert C. Maddox, Ryan A. Kim, Janice J. Schonberger, Lawrence B. Vugia, Duc J. Belay, Ermias D. TI Kawasaki Syndrome and Factors Associated With Coronary Artery Abnormalities in California SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Kawasaki syndrome; children; epidemiology; coronary artery abnormalities; California ID UNITED-STATES; SYNDROME HOSPITALIZATIONS; DISEASE; CHILDREN; HAWAII; ILLNESS; JAPAN; FEVER; RISK; US AB Background: Kawasaki syndrome (KS) occurs in children <18 years of age and is the leading cause of acquired heart disease among children in the United States. Understanding the epidemiology of KS and factors associated with coronary artery abnormalities (CAA) may lead to timely diagnosis and treatment of KS and could limit CAA. Methods: Epidemiologic characteristics, including risk factors for the development of CAA, among KS and incomplete KS patients <18 years of age with onset during 2000-2009 reported by the California Department of Public Health to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's national KS surveillance system were analyzed. Results: A total of 2056 KS and incomplete KS patients <18 years of age were reported during 2000-2009. The median age of patients was 2 years; 60% of patients were male. Of 1818 patients with race information reported, 56% were white and 28% were Asian/Pacific Islander. Ninety-eight percent of patients received intravenous immunoglobulin. Of 1843 patients with information on cardiac complications, 89 (5%) had coronary artery aneurysms and 341 (19%) had CAA. Characteristics associated with the occurrence of CAA in KS patients were male sex, Asian/Pacific Islander race, age <1 year or 9-17 years, and not receiving intravenous immunoglobulin treatment before the fifth day of illness. Conclusions: This study suggests that intravenous immunoglobulin treatment before the fifth day of illness may reduce CAA among KS patients. Timely diagnosis and treatment of KS continue to be important in reducing the occurrence of cardiac complications. C1 [Callinan, Laura S.; Holman, Robert C.; Maddox, Ryan A.; Schonberger, Lawrence B.; Belay, Ermias D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tabnak, Farzaneh; Vugia, Duc J.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Infect Dis Branch, Ctr Infect Dis, Div Communicable Dis Control, Sacramento, CA USA. [Kim, Janice J.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Communicable Dis Emergency Response Branch, Ctr Infect Dis, Div Communicable Dis Control, Richmond, CA USA. RP Callinan, LS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, MS A-30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM IMJ5@cdc.gov RI Belay, Ermias/A-8829-2013 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; California Department of Public Health FX This study was funded through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the California Department of Public Health. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the funding agencies. The authors have no conflicts of interest or other to disclose. NR 45 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 31 IS 9 BP 894 EP 898 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e31825c4d7c PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 997WB UT WOS:000308197200008 PM 22565293 ER PT J AU Han, P Yanni, E Jentes, ES Hamer, DH Chen, LH Wilson, ME MacLeod, WB Ooi, WW Kogelman, L Karchmer, AW Barnett, ED AF Han, Pauline Yanni, Emad Jentes, Emily S. Hamer, Davidson H. Chen, Lin H. Wilson, Mary E. MacLeod, William B. Ooi, Winnie W. Kogelman, Laura Karchmer, Adolf W. Barnett, Elizabeth D. TI Health Challenges of Young Travelers Visiting Friends and Relatives Compared With Those Traveling for Other Purposes SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE visiting friends and relatives; travelers ID GEOSENTINEL SURVEILLANCE NETWORK; TYPHOID-FEVER; CHILDREN; ILLNESS; ADVICE; ABROAD AB Background: The study objective was to assess differences in demographics and travel health challenges between youths <= 18 years old traveling internationally to visit friends and relatives (VFRs) compared with those traveling for other purposes (non-VFR). Methods: The Boston Area Travel Medicine Network consists of 5 clinics collecting anonymous data from international pretravel consultations. Data on all travelers <= 18 years of age seen between January 2008 and July 2010 were used. VFRs were compared with non-VFRs on demographics, primary language, trip characteristics, travel vaccinations administered, malaria prophylaxis and antidiarrheal medications prescribed. Results: Thirty-five percent (610/1731) listed VFR as their purpose of travel. Almost half of VFRs were <5 (46%) years old compared with <5% of non-VFRs. Thirty percent of US-born VFRs with foreign-born parents were <= 2 years compared with 4% of foreign-born VFR children and 3% of US-born VFRs with US-born parents. More VFRs than non-VFRs planned travel to countries that were yellow fever holoendemic, had malaria risk and were high-risk for typhoid (44% versus 20%, 39% versus 12%, 25% versus 15%, P < 0.01). VFRs were less likely than non-VFRs to be prescribed atovaquone-proguanil (adjusted prevalence ratio = 0.57, confidence interval - 0.44-0.72) and to have had an antidiarrheal medication prescribed (adjusted prevalence ratio = 0.68, confidence interval = 0.60-0.75). Conclusions: To reduce travel-related morbidity, healthcare providers should be prepared to give travel advice to parents of VFR infants and children, particularly those US-born VFRs with foreign-born parents, regarding antimalarial and antidiarrheal medications and preventing yellow fever, malaria and typhoid. C1 [Han, Pauline; Yanni, Emad; Jentes, Emily S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.; MacLeod, William B.] Boston Univ, Ctr Global Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.; MacLeod, William B.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Chen, Lin H.] Mt Auburn Hosp, Dept Med, Cambridge, MA USA. [Chen, Lin H.; Karchmer, Adolf W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Wilson, Mary E.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth & Populat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ooi, Winnie W.] Lahey Clin Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Burlington, MA 01803 USA. [Kogelman, Laura] Tufts Med Ctr, Div Geog Med & Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA. [Karchmer, Adolf W.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Barnett, Elizabeth D.] Boston Med Ctr, Maxwell Finland Lab Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA. RP Han, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Travelers Hlth Branch, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM phan@cdc.gov OI MacLeod, William/0000-0001-8003-8874; Barnett, Elizabeth/0000-0003-4822-5949; Hamer, Davidson/0000-0002-4700-1495 FU Xcellerex Inc; Intercell; Sanofi Pasteur FX Honoraria from Thompson Media LLC and research funding from Xcellerex Inc (to L.H.C.). Honoraria from Novartis and research funding from Intercell and Sanofi Pasteur (to E.D.B.). The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 31 IS 9 BP 915 EP 919 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e318259efbe PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 997WB UT WOS:000308197200012 PM 22895214 ER PT J AU Little, KM Kilmarx, PH Taylor, AW Rose, CE Rivadeneira, ED Nesheim, SR AF Little, Kristen M. Kilmarx, Peter H. Taylor, Allan W. Rose, Charles E. Rivadeneira, Emilia D. Nesheim, Steven R. TI A Review of Evidence for Transmission of HIV From Children to Breastfeeding Women and Implications for Prevention SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE HIV; perinatal; breastfeeding; transmission ID NOSOCOMIAL OUTBREAK; UNSAFE INJECTIONS; HEALTH; RISK; INFECTION; AFRICA; AIDS; MORTALITY; SETTINGS; VIRUSES AB Background: Child-to-breastfeeding woman transmission (CBWT) of HIV occurs when an HIV-infected infant transmits the virus to an HIV-uninfected woman through breastfeeding. Transmission likely occurs as a result of breastfeeding contact during a period of epithelial disruption, such as maternal skin fissures and/or infant stomatitis. Despite extensive epidemiologic and phylogenetic evidence, however, CBWT of HIV continues to be overlooked. Objective: This article summarizes the available evidence for CBWT from nosocomial outbreaks, during which nosocomially HIV-infected infants transmitted the virus to their mothers through breastfeeding. This article also explores the CBWT risk associated with HIV-infected orphans and their female caretakers, and the lack of guidance regarding CBWT prevention in infant feeding recommendations. Methods: We searched online databases including PubMed and Science-Direct for English language articles published from January 1975 to January 2011 using the search terms "HIV," "perinatal," "child-to-mother" and "breastfeeding." The citations from all selected articles were reviewed for additional studies. Results: We identified 5 studies documenting cases of CBWT. Two studies contained data on the number of HIV-infected women, as well as the proportion breastfeeding. Rates of CBWT ranged from 40% to 60% among women reporting breastfeeding after their infants were infected. Conclusions: Poor infection control practices, especially in areas of high HIV prevalence, have resulted in pediatric HIV infections and put breastfeeding women at risk for CBWT. Current infant feeding guidelines and HIV prevention messages do not address CBWT, and fail to provide strategies to help women reduce their risk of acquiring HIV during breastfeeding. C1 [Little, Kristen M.; Kilmarx, Peter H.; Taylor, Allan W.; Rose, Charles E.; Nesheim, Steven R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Viral Hepatitis HIV AIDS Sexually Transm, HIV AIDS Sexually Transmitted Dis & TB Prevent NC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rivadeneira, Emilia D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CGH, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Little, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, MS A-06,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM isf9@cdc.gov RI Taylor, Anne/F-5708-2010; OI Taylor, Anne/0000-0002-4422-7974; Kilmarx, Peter/0000-0001-6464-3345 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 44 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 31 IS 9 BP 938 EP 942 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e318261130f PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 997WB UT WOS:000308197200018 PM 22668802 ER PT J AU Kluthe, M Herrera, A Blanca, H Leung, J Bialek, SR Schmid, DS AF Kluthe, Margaret Herrera, Angel Blanca, Haydee Leung, Jessica Bialek, Stephanie R. Schmid, D. Scott TI NEONATAL VACCINE-STRAIN VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS INFECTION 22 DAYS AFTER MATERNAL POSTPARTUM VACCINATION SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE varicella vaccine; safety; newborn; neonatal ID SAFETY PROFILE; CARE FACILITY; TRANSMISSION; IMMUNIZATION; IDENTIFICATION; PROGRAM AB A 25-day-old infant developed varicella 22 days after her mother received varicella vaccine postpartum. Infection with vaccine-strain varicella-zoster virus was confirmed by genetic analysis. The mother had no postvaccination rash nor did other contacts have rash or recent vaccination. The potential means of transmission to the infant are explored. C1 [Kluthe, Margaret; Blanca, Haydee] Midtown Community Hlth Ctr, Childrens Clin, Ogden, UT 84405 USA. [Herrera, Angel] Univ Utah, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Leung, Jessica; Bialek, Stephanie R.; Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kluthe, M (reprint author), Midtown Community Hlth Ctr, Childrens Clin, 5285 S 400 E,Ste A, Ogden, UT 84405 USA. EM mkluthe@midtownchc.org NR 19 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 31 IS 9 BP 977 EP 979 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e31825d2a1b PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 997WB UT WOS:000308197200027 PM 22572750 ER PT J AU Rangamani, S Van Schooneveld, TC Cornish, NE Varman, M AF Rangamani, Sheela Van Schooneveld, Trevor C. Cornish, Nancy E. Varman, Meera TI Annular Rash Outbreak in a Family SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material DE annular rash; cat exposure; dermatophyte infection; Microsporum canis ID MICROSPORUM-CANIS C1 [Rangamani, Sheela] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Cardiol, Omaha, NE USA. [Rangamani, Sheela] Childrens Hosp & Med Ctr, Omaha, NE USA. [Van Schooneveld, Trevor C.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Omaha, NE USA. [Cornish, Nancy E.] Ctr Dis Control, Dept Microbiol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Varman, Meera] Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, Omaha, NE 68131 USA. RP Rangamani, S (reprint author), Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Cardiol, Omaha, NE USA. EM mvarman@creighton.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 31 IS 9 BP 998 EP + DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3182562c2e PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 997WB UT WOS:000308197200036 PM 22895218 ER PT J AU Camperlengo, LT Shapiro-Mendoza, CK Kim, SY AF Camperlengo, Lena T. Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K. Kim, Shin Y. TI Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Diagnostic Practices and Investigative Policies, 2004 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE infant mortality; medical examiner; coroner; autopsy; death scene investigations; classification ID MEDICAL EXAMINER; CORONER SYSTEMS; UNITED-STATES; CLASSIFICATION; TRENDS; HISTORY AB Using a 2004 population-based survey of all US medical examiner and coroner offices, we examined the characteristics of offices accepting an infant death case and calculated the percentage of offices that had death scene investigation or autopsy policies for the investigation of sudden unexpected infant death (SUID). We also calculated the percentage of offices that used and did not use sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) as a cause of death, and we compared differences in characteristics among those offices. Of medical examiner and coroner offices, 52% did not report an infant death in 2004. Of the 7957 infant deaths reported, 43% occurred in jurisdictions that experienced 1 or 2 infant deaths. Of the offices that used SIDS as a classification, 34% did not have policies for conducting death scene investigations and autopsies for SUID. At least 5% of offices that reported an infant death did not use SIDS as a cause of death classification. These findings have important implications for understanding recent trends in SIDS and SUID. Supporting the implementation of national standards for investigating and certifying infant deaths could provide guidelines for consistent practices in medical examiner and coroner offices. C1 [Camperlengo, Lena T.] EGS Inc, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Camperlengo, Lena T.; Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K.; Kim, Shin Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Camperlengo, LT (reprint author), EGS Inc, Mailstop K-23,4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM LCamperlengo@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-7910 J9 AM J FOREN MED PATH JI Am. J. Forensic Med. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 33 IS 3 BP 197 EP 201 DI 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181fe33bd PG 5 WC Medicine, Legal; Pathology SC Legal Medicine; Pathology GA 995WN UT WOS:000308045500007 PM 21030849 ER PT J AU Ruder, AM Waters, MA Carreon, T Butler, MA Calvert, GM Davis-King, KE Waters, KM Schulte, PA Mandel, JS Morton, RF Reding, DJ Rosenman, KD AF Ruder, Avima M. Waters, Martha A. Carreon, Tania Butler, Mary A. Calvert, Geoffrey M. Davis-King, Karen E. Waters, Kathleen M. Schulte, Paul A. Mandel, Jack S. Morton, Roscoe F. Reding, Douglas J. Rosenman, Kenneth D. CA Brain Canc Collaborative Study Grp TI The Upper Midwest Health Study: Industry and occupation of glioma cases and controls SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE glioma; case-control studies; occupation; industry; occupational exposure ID FARM PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; PRIMARY BRAIN-TUMORS; RISK-FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; CANCER MORTALITY; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; ADULT GLIOMA; WORKERS; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Background Understanding glioma etiology requires determining which environmental factors are associated with glioma. Upper Midwest Health Study casecontrol participant work histories collected 19951998 were evaluated for occupational associations with glioma. Exposures of interest from our study protocol comprise our a priori hypotheses. Materials and Methods Year-long or longer jobs for 1,973 participants were assigned Standard Occupational Classifications (SOC) and Standard Industrial Classifications (SIC). The analysis file includes 8,078 SIC- and SOC-coded jobs. For each individual, SAS 9.2 programs collated employment with identical SIC-SOC coding. Distributions of longest total employment duration (total years worked in jobs with identical industry and occupation codes, including multiple jobs, and non-consecutive jobs) were compared between cases and controls, using an industrial hygiene algorithm to group occupations. Results Longest employment duration was calculated for 780 cases and 1,156 controls. More case than control longest total employment duration was in the engineer, architect occupational group [16 cases, 10 controls, odds ratio (OR) 2.50, adjusted for age group, sex, age and education, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.125.60]. Employment as a food processing worker [mostly butchers and meat cutters] was of borderline significance (27 cases, 21 controls, adjusted OR: 1.78, CI: 0.993.18). Conclusions Among our exposures of interest work as engineers or as butchers and meat cutters was associated with increased glioma risk. Significant associations could be due to chance, because of multiple comparisons, but similar findings have been reported for other glioma studies. Our results suggest some possible associations but by themselves could not provide conclusive evidence. Am. J. Ind. Med. 55:747755, 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Ruder, Avima M.; Carreon, Tania; Calvert, Geoffrey M.; Davis-King, Karen E.; Waters, Kathleen M.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Waters, Martha A.; Butler, Mary A.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Schulte, Paul A.] NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Mandel, Jack S.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Morton, Roscoe F.] Mercy Med Ctr, Des Moines, IA USA. [Reding, Douglas J.] Marshfield Clin Fdn Med Res & Educ, Natl Farm Med Ctr, Marshfield, WI USA. [Rosenman, Kenneth D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Ruder, AM (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,Mailstop R-16, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM amr2@cdc.gov RI Ruder, Avima/I-4155-2012 OI Ruder, Avima/0000-0003-0419-6664 FU NIOSH Initiative for Cancer Control Projects for Farmers; CDC/NIOSH FX We thank study participants, physicians, participating institutions and staff, NIOSH staff who assisted, and intramural and extramural reviewers for helpful comments. Our thanks to Ellen Heineman for the questionnaire we modified for use in this study, to Patricia Schnitzer and Patricia Stewart for providing the algorithms for their occupation-grouping schemes, and to Diana Echeverria and Jim Catalano of Battelle for coding the occupational histories for occupation and industry. This study was funded in part by the NIOSH Initiative for Cancer Control Projects for Farmers and in part by CDC/NIOSH operating funds. The NIOSH Human Subjects Review Board (HSRB 94-DSHEFS-08) and review boards from all participating institutions approved the study, which was conducted in accordance with Subsection (m) of the Privacy Act of 1974 (5 U. S. C. 552a) and Section 308(d) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U. S. C. 242m). NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 55 IS 9 BP 747 EP 755 DI 10.1002/ajim.22085 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 986YX UT WOS:000307384700001 PM 22715102 ER PT J AU Laney, AS Petsonk, EL AF Laney, A. Scott Petsonk, Edward L. TI Small pneumoconiotic opacities on US coal worker surveillance chest radiographs are not predominantly in the upper lung zones SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE coal workers' pneumoconiosis; radiography ID PROGRESSIVE MASSIVE FIBROSIS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; IRREGULAR OPACITIES; UNITED-STATES; DUST CONTENT; SILICA DUST; LIFE LOST; MINERS; PREVALENCE; EXPOSURE AB Background Radiographic shadows of coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) are commonly described as predominantly in the upper lung zones. Methods We evaluated the lung distribution of small opacities on surveillance chest radiographs (CXRs) taken between 1981 and 2010 among 2,467 underground US coal miners. All had evidence of pneumoconiosis (category >= 1/0), based on the contemporary International Labour Office Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconioses. Results Small opacity involvement was approximately equal over all lung zones, with 30.7% of the total involvement reported in the upper zones, 37.1% in the middle zones, and 32.1% in the lower zones. Primarily rounded opacities were seen in 62.1% of miners and primarily irregular opacities were seen in 37.9%. Miners with primarily rounded opacities had a distribution with moderate upper zone predominance (upper?=?36.8%, middle?=?36.5%, and lower?=?27.2%). In contrast, miners with primarily irregular opacities showed a lower zone preponderance (upper?=?20.5%, middle?=?38.4%, and lower?=?41.1%). Conclusion The distribution of small pneumoconiotic opacities on surveillance CXRs of working US coal miners is not consistent with the conventional expectations of upper lung zone predominance. Am. J. Ind. Med. 55:793798, 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Laney, A. Scott; Petsonk, Edward L.] NIOSH, Surveillance Branch, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Laney, AS (reprint author), NIOSH, Surveillance Branch, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mail Stop HG900-2, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM alaney@cdc.gov NR 42 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 55 IS 9 BP 793 EP 798 DI 10.1002/ajim.22049 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 986YX UT WOS:000307384700006 PM 22517570 ER PT J AU Thomas, G Burton, NC Mueller, C Page, E Vesper, S AF Thomas, Gregory Burton, Nancy Clark Mueller, Charles Page, Elena Vesper, Stephen TI Comparison of work-related symptoms and visual contrast sensitivity between employees at a severely water-damaged school and a school without significant water damage SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE mold; school; visual contrast sensitivity; respiratory; asthma; health hazard evaluation ID DAYTIME COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; QUANTITATIVE PCR ANALYSIS; SICK BUILDING SYNDROME; MOLDINESS INDEX; MICROELECTRONICS WORKERS; TIME-SERIES; ASTHMA; EXPOSURE; ALCOHOL; MECHANISMS AB Background The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted a health hazard evaluation (HHE) of a water-damaged school in New Orleans (NO), Louisiana. Our aim in this evaluation was to document employee health effects related to exposure to the water-damaged school, and to determine if VCS testing could serve as a biomarker of effect for occupants who experienced adverse health effects in a water-damaged building. Methods NIOSH physicians and staff administered a work history and medical questionnaire, conducted visual contrast sensitivity (VCS) testing, and collected sticky-tape, air, and dust samples at the school. Counting, culturing, and/or a DNA-based technology, called mold-specific quantitative PCR (MSQPCR), were also used to quantify the molds. A similar health and environmental evaluation was performed at a comparable school in Cincinnati, Ohio which was not water-damaged. Results Extensive mold contamination was documented in the water-damaged school and employees (n?=?95) had higher prevalences of work-related rashes and nasal, lower respiratory, and constitutional symptoms than those at the comparison school (n?=?110). VCS values across all spatial frequencies were lower among employees at the water-damaged school. Conclusions Employees exposed to an extensively water-damaged environment reported adverse health effects, including rashes and nasal, lower respiratory, and constitutional symptoms. VCS values were lower in the employees at the water-damaged school, but we do not recommend using it in evaluation of people exposed to mold. Am. J. Ind. Med. 55:844854, 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Thomas, Gregory; Burton, Nancy Clark; Mueller, Charles; Page, Elena] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Vesper, Stephen] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Page, E (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,Mailstop R-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM epage@cdc.gov FU EPA, through its Office of Research and Development FX The MSQPCR technology was patented (#6,387,652) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and commercial applications can result in royalties paid to the EPA. The EPA, through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer review and has been approved as an EPA publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by the EPA for use. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 55 IS 9 BP 844 EP 854 DI 10.1002/ajim.22059 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 986YX UT WOS:000307384700011 PM 22566108 ER PT J AU Kesmodel, US Bertrand, J Stovring, H Skarpness, B Denny, CH Mortensen, EL AF Kesmodel, U. S. Bertrand, J. Stovring, H. Skarpness, B. Denny, C. H. Mortensen, E. L. CA Lifestyle During Pregnancy Study G TI The effect of different alcohol drinking patterns in early to mid pregnancy on the child's intelligence, attention, and executive function SO BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alcohol consumption; attention; binge drinking; BRIEF; executive function; intelligence; low to moderate neurodevelopmental effects; multiple outcome analyses; prenatal exposure; TEACh-5; WPPSI-R ID AGE 7 YEARS; BINGE-DRINKING; PRENATAL ALCOHOL; BIRTH-WEIGHT; EXPOSURE; WOMEN; CONSUMPTION; OUTCOMES; IQ; INFORMATION AB Please cite this paper as: Kesmodel U, Bertrand J, Stovring H, Skarpness B, Denny C, Mortensen E, the Lifestyle During Pregnancy Study Group. The effect of different alcohol drinking patterns in early to mid pregnancy on the childs intelligence, attention, and executive function. BJOG 2012;119:11801190. Objective To conduct a combined analysis of the estimated effects of maternal average weekly alcohol consumption, and any binge drinking, in early to mid pregnancy on general intelligence, attention, and executive function in 5-year-old children. Design Follow-up study. Setting Neuropsychological testing in four Danish cities 20032008. Population A cohort of 1628 women and their children sampled from the Danish National Birth Cohort. Methods Participants were sampled based on maternal alcohol consumption during early pregnancy. At age 5 years, the children were tested for general intelligence, attention, and executive function. The three outcomes were analysed together in a multivariate model to obtain joint estimates and P values for the association of alcohol across outcomes. The effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption and binge drinking in early pregnancy were adjusted for a wide range of potential confounding factors. Main outcome measures Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of IntelligenceRevised (WPPSI-R), the Test of Everyday Attention for Children at Five (TEACh-5), and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functions (BRIEF) scores. Results Multivariate analyses showed no statistically significant effects arising from average weekly alcohol consumption or any binge drinking, either individually or in combination. These results replicate findings from separate analyses of each outcome variable. Conclusions The present study contributes comprehensive methodological and statistical approaches that should be incorporated in future studies of low to moderate alcohol consumption and binge drinking during pregnancy. Furthermore, as no safe level of drinking during pregnancy has been established, the most conservative advice for women is not to drink alcohol during pregnancy. However, the present study suggests that small volumes consumed occasionally may not present serious concern. C1 [Kesmodel, U. S.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Sect, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Kesmodel, U. S.] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Bertrand, J.; Denny, C. H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stovring, H.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Biostat Sect, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Skarpness, B.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH USA. [Mortensen, E. L.] Univ Copenhagen, Inst Publ Hlth, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Mortensen, E. L.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Healthy Ageing, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Kesmodel, US (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Sect, Bartholins Alle 2, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. EM ukes@soci.au.dk RI Stovring, Henrik/I-4683-2012; OI Stovring, Henrik/0000-0002-5821-2351; Mortensen, Erik Lykke/0000-0002-6985-451X FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Danish National Board of Health; Lundbeck Foundation; Ludvig & Sara Elsass' Foundation; Augustinus Foundation; Aase & Ejnar Danielsen's Foundation; Danish National Research Foundation; Pharmacy Foundation; Egmont Foundation; March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation; Health Foundation FX This study was supported primarily by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Additional support was obtained from The Danish National Board of Health, the Lundbeck Foundation, Ludvig & Sara Elsass' Foundation, the Augustinus Foundation, and Aase & Ejnar Danielsen's Foundation.; The Danish National Research Foundation has established the Danish Epidemiology Science Centre that initiated and created the Danish National Birth Cohort. The cohort is furthermore a result of a major grant from this foundation. Additional support for the Danish National Birth Cohort is obtained from the Pharmacy Foundation, the Egmont Foundation, the March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, the Augustinus Foundation, and the Health Foundation. The authors would like to thank all of the participants for their time and effort, as well as Dr Tom Manly for his contribution to the development of the TEACh-5 test. NR 54 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1470-0328 J9 BJOG-INT J OBSTET GY JI BJOG PD SEP PY 2012 VL 119 IS 10 BP 1180 EP 1190 DI 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03393.x PG 11 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 987UF UT WOS:000307442600005 PM 22712700 ER PT J AU Eriksen, HLF Mortensen, EL Kilburn, T Underbjerg, M Bertrand, J Stovring, H Wimberley, T Grove, J Kesmodel, US AF Eriksen, H-L Falgreen Mortensen, E. L. Kilburn, T. Underbjerg, M. Bertrand, J. Stovring, H. Wimberley, T. Grove, J. Kesmodel, U. S. TI The effects of low to moderate prenatal alcohol exposure in early pregnancy on IQ in 5-year-old children SO BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Intelligence; IQ; low to moderate alcohol consumption; neurodevelopmental effects; prenatal exposures; Wechsler primary and preschool scales of intelligenceurevised ID AGE 7 YEARS; FOLLOW-UP; ATTENTION; DRINKING; MEMORY; CONSUMPTION; CIGARETTES; MARIJUANA AB Please cite this paper as: Falgreen Eriksen H, Mortensen E, Kilburn T, Underbjerg M, Bertrand J, Stovring H, Wimberley T, Grove J, Kesmodel U. The effects of low to moderate prenatal alcohol exposure in early pregnancy on IQ in 5-year-old children. BJOG 2012;119:11911200. Objective To examine the effects of low to moderate maternal alcohol consumption during early pregnancy on childrens intelligence (IQ) at age 5 years. Design Prospective follow-up study. Setting Neuropsychological testing in four Danish cities 20032008. Population A cohort of 1628 women and their children sampled from the Danish National Birth Cohort. Methods Participants were sampled based on maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy. At 5 years of age, children were tested with the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of IntelligenceRevised (WPPSI-R). Parental education, maternal IQ, maternal smoking in pregnancy, the childs age at testing, gender, and tester were considered core confounding factors, whereas the full model also controlled for maternal binge drinking, age, BMI, parity, home environment, postnatal smoking in the home, health status, and indicators for hearing and vision impairments. Main outcome measures The WPPSI-R. Results No differences in test performance were observed between children whose mothers reported consuming between one and four or between five and eight drinks per week at some point during pregnancy, compared with children of mothers who abstained. For women who reported consuming nine or more drinks per week no differences were observed for mean differences; however, the risks of low full-scale IQ (OR 4.6; 95% CI 1.218.2) and low verbal IQ (OR 5.9; 95% CI 1.424.9) scores, but not low performance IQ score, were increased. Conclusions Maternal consumption of low to moderate quantities of alcohol during pregnancy was not associated with the mean IQ score of preschool children. Despite these findings, acceptable levels of alcohol use during pregnancy have not yet been established, and conservative advice for women continues to be to avoid alcohol use during pregnancy. C1 [Eriksen, H-L Falgreen; Kilburn, T.; Underbjerg, M.; Grove, J.; Kesmodel, U. S.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Sect, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Mortensen, E. L.] Univ Copenhagen, Inst Publ Hlth, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Mortensen, E. L.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Healthy Ageing, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Underbjerg, M.] Vejlefjord Rehabil Ctr, Childrens Neuroctr, Vejle, Denmark. [Bertrand, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stovring, H.; Wimberley, T.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Biostat Sect, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Grove, J.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biomed, Fac Hlth Sci, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Grove, J.] Aarhus Univ, BiRC, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Kesmodel, U. S.] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. RP Kesmodel, US (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Sect, Bartholins Alle 2, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. EM ukes@soci.au.dk RI Stovring, Henrik/I-4683-2012; OI Stovring, Henrik/0000-0002-5821-2351; Mortensen, Erik Lykke/0000-0002-6985-451X; Grove, Jakob/0000-0003-2284-5744 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Danish National Board of Health; Lundbeck Foundation; Ludvig & Sara Elsass' Foundation; Augustinus Foundation; Aase & Ejnar Danielsen's Foundation; Danish National Research Foundation; Pharmacy Foundation; Egmont Foundation; March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation; Health Foundation FX This study was supported primarily by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Additional support was obtained from The Danish National Board of Health, the Lundbeck Foundation, Ludvig & Sara Elsass' Foundation, the Augustinus Foundation, and Aase & Ejnar Danielsen's Foundation.; The Danish National Research Foundation has established the Danish Epidemiology Science Centre that initiated and created the Danish National Birth Cohort. The cohort is furthermore a result of a major grant from this foundation. Additional support for the Danish National Birth Cohort is obtained from the Pharmacy Foundation, the Egmont Foundation, the March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, the Augustinus Foundation, and the Health Foundation. The authors would like to thank all of the participants for their time and efforts. NR 35 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1470-0328 J9 BJOG-INT J OBSTET GY JI BJOG PD SEP PY 2012 VL 119 IS 10 BP 1191 EP 1200 DI 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03394.x PG 10 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 987UF UT WOS:000307442600006 ER PT J AU Skogerbo, A Kesmodel, US Wimberley, T Stovring, H Bertrand, J Landro, NI Mortensen, EL AF Skogerbo, A. Kesmodel, U. S. Wimberley, T. Stovring, H. Bertrand, J. Landro, N. I. Mortensen, E. L. TI The effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption and binge drinking in early pregnancy on executive function in 5-year-old children SO BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Behaviour rating inventory of executive function; binge drinking; BRIEF; executive functions; low to moderate alcohol consumption; neurodevelopmental effects; prenatal exposure ID PRENATAL ALCOHOL; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; EXPOSURE; WOMEN; INFORMATION; MEMORY; DAMAGE; IQ AB Please cite this paper as: Skogerbo angstrom, Kesmodel U, Wimberley T, Stovring H, Bertrand J, Landro N, Mortensen E. The effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption and binge drinking in early pregnancy on executive function in 5-year-old children. BJOG 2012;119:12011210. Objective To examine the effects of low to moderate maternal alcohol consumption and binge drinking in early pregnancy on childrens executive functions at the age of 5 years. Design Follow-up study. Setting Neuropsychological testing in four Danish cities 20032008. Population A cohort of 1628 women and their children sampled from the Danish National Birth Cohort. Methods Participants were sampled based on maternal alcohol drinking patterns during early pregnancy. When the children were 5 years old, the parent and teacher forms of the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) were completed by the mothers and a preschool teacher. Parental education, maternal IQ, prenatal maternal smoking, the childs age at testing, and the childs gender were considered core confounding factors. The full model also included maternal binge drinking or low to moderate alcohol consumption, maternal age, parity, maternal marital status, family home environment, postnatal parental smoking, pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI), and the health status of the child. Main outcome measures The BRIEF parent and teacher forms. Results Adjusted for all potential confounding factors, no statistically significant associations between maternal low to moderate average weekly consumption and BRIEF index scores were observed. In adjusted analyses, binge drinking in gestational week 9 or later was significantly associated with elevated Behavioural Regulation Index parent scores (OR 2.04, 95% CI 0.333.76), and with the risk of high scores on the Metacognitive Index assessed by the teacher (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.014.23). Conclusions This study did not observe significant effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption during pregnancy on executive functioning at the age of 5 years. Furthermore, only weak and no consistent associations between maternal binge drinking and executive functions were observed. C1 [Mortensen, E. L.] Univ Copenhagen, Inst Publ Hlth, Med Psychol Unit, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Kesmodel, U. S.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Sect, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Kesmodel, U. S.] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Wimberley, T.; Stovring, H.] Aarhus Univ, Biostat Sect, Dept Publ Hlth, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Bertrand, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Landro, N. I.] Univ Oslo, Dept Psychol, Ctr Study Human Cognit, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. [Mortensen, E. L.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Healthy Aging, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark. RP Mortensen, EL (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Inst Publ Hlth, Med Psychol Unit, Oster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark. EM elme@sund.ku.dk RI Stovring, Henrik/I-4683-2012; OI Stovring, Henrik/0000-0002-5821-2351; Mortensen, Erik Lykke/0000-0002-6985-451X FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Danish National Research Foundation; Pharmacy Foundation; Egmont Foundation; March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation; Augustinus Foundation; Health Foundation FX This study was supported primarily by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA.; The Danish National Research Foundation established the Danish Epidemiology Science Centre that initiated and created the Danish National Birth Cohort. The cohort was furthermore a result of a major grant from this foundation. Additional support for the Danish National Birth Cohort was obtained from the Pharmacy Foundation, the Egmont Foundation, the March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, the Augustinus Foundation, and the Health Foundation. The authors would like to thank all of the participants for their time and effort. NR 38 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 14 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1470-0328 J9 BJOG-INT J OBSTET GY JI BJOG PD SEP PY 2012 VL 119 IS 10 BP 1201 EP 1210 DI 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03397.x PG 10 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 987UF UT WOS:000307442600007 PM 22712874 ER PT J AU Kerger, BD Scott, PK Pavuk, M Gough, M Paustenbach, DJ AF Kerger, Brent D. Scott, Paul K. Pavuk, Marian Gough, Michael Paustenbach, Dennis J. TI Re-analysis of Ranch Hand study supports reverse causation hypothesis between dioxin and diabetes SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; dioxin; Agent Orange; reverse causation; diabetes mellitus type 2; toxicokinetics; lipolytic metabolism; persistent organic pollutant; body mass index; obesity; human epidemiology ID PLASMA POLLUTANT LEVELS; AIR-FORCE VETERANS; WEIGHT-LOSS; SERUM DIOXIN; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; TOXIC POLLUTANTS; HEALTH-STATUS; BODY-WEIGHT; FOLLOW-UP; EXPOSURE AB A dose-response relationship between serum 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (dioxin) and adult diabetes risk has been reported among U. S. Vietnam veterans in the Ranch Hand (RH) cohort. We examine the hypothesis that diabetes progression leads to higher serum dioxin (reverse causation) rather than higher serum dioxin leading to diabetes (causation) across the longitudinal medical monitoring data on these airmen. Lipid-adjusted serum dioxin levels and clinical parameters relating to diabetes progression were examined. Potential confounding due to age, race, diabetes family history, serum total lipid, and body mass index (BMI) was accounted for. The similar incidence of diabetes in RH and Comparison veterans, along with generally similar incidence trends with dioxin decile and lipid decile despite the large differential in serum dioxin, is evidence consistent with reverse causation. Of 135 RH diabetics with at least two dioxin measurements, 32.6% had a temporary serum dioxin increase more than a decade after Vietnam tour and another 22.2% had an interval of unusually slow half-life (>15.5 years); these diabetes-related changes shifted more diabetics into the higher dioxin deciles. Further, the increased diabetes odds ratio among the generally younger RH veterans in the highest dioxin decile is associated with a higher incidence of adult obesity in this RH subgroup, both at tour of duty and decades later. Change in serum dioxin levels is likely due to diabetes progression or poor control and is not independently related to serum dioxin concentrations. In summary, the data from the Ranch Hand studies does not indicate that dioxin increases adult diabetes risk. C1 [Kerger, Brent D.; Paustenbach, Dennis J.] ChemRisk LLC, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. [Scott, Paul K.] ChemRisk LLC, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Pavuk, Marian] SpecPro Inc, San Antonio, TX USA. [Pavuk, Marian] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kerger, BD (reprint author), ChemRisk LLC, 101 2nd St,Suite 700, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. EM brentkerger@att.net FU ChemRisk, LLC FX This work was a collaborative effort among the authors and was funded exclusively by the authors and by ChemRisk, LLC. Each of the authors in the past has performed dioxin research on behalf of private and governmental clients. Some of the authors (BK, DP, MG) have provided expert witness testimony in Congressional hearings or in lawsuits regarding dioxin health effects, but none within the past 3 years. The authors have sole responsibility for the analysis reported and the writing of the paper. NR 56 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 12 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1040-8444 J9 CRIT REV TOXICOL JI Crit. Rev. Toxicol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 42 IS 8 BP 669 EP 687 DI 10.3109/10408444.2012.694095 PG 19 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 995GC UT WOS:000307995000003 PM 22720712 ER PT J AU Mayer-Davis, EJ Davis, C Saadine, J D'Agostino, RB Dabelea, D Dolan, L Garg, S Lawrence, JM Pihoker, C Rodriguez, BL Klein, BE Klein, R AF Mayer-Davis, E. J. Davis, C. Saadine, J. D'Agostino, R. B., Jr. Dabelea, D. Dolan, L. Garg, S. Lawrence, J. M. Pihoker, C. Rodriguez, B. L. Klein, B. E. Klein, R. CA SEARCH Diabet Youth Study Grp TI Diabetic retinopathy in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Cohort: a pilot study SO DIABETIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE childhood diabetes; diabetes complications; epidemiology; retinopathy ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; RISK-FACTORS; TYPE-1; ADOLESCENTS; PREVALENCE; COMPLICATIONS AB Diabet. Med. 29, 11481152 (2012) Abstract Aims The aim of this pilot study was to generate an initial estimate of the prevalence and correlates of diabetic retinopathy in a racially and ethnically diverse sample of youth with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods A pilot study was conducted among 222 individuals with Type 1 diabetes (79% non-Hispanic white, 21% other) and 43 with Type 2 diabetes (28% non-Hispanic white, 72% other), all of > 5 years duration (mean duration 6.8 years) who participated in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study. Diabetic retinopathy was assessed using non-mydriatic retinal photography of both eyes. Results The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 17% for Type 1 diabetes and 42% for Type 2 diabetes (odds ratio 1.50, 95% CI 0.583.88; P = 0.40 adjusted for age, duration, gender, race/ethnicity, parental education and HbA1c. HbA1c was significantly higher among those with any diabetic retinopathy (adjusted mean 79 mmol/mol, 9.4%) vs. no diabetic retinopathy (adjusted mean 70 mmol/mol, 8.6%) (P = 0.015). LDL cholesterol was also significantly higher among those with any diabetic retinopathy (adjusted mean 107.2 mg/dl) compared with those without diabetic retinopathy (adjusted mean 97.9 mg/dl) (P = 0.04). Conclusions The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in contemporary young individuals was substantial, particularly among minority youth and those with Type 2 diabetes. Further long-term study of diabetic retinopathy in youth is needed. C1 [Mayer-Davis, E. J.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Mayer-Davis, E. J.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Davis, C.; D'Agostino, R. B., Jr.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Biostat Sci, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Saadine, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dabelea, D.] Univ Colorado Denver, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aurora, CO USA. [Dolan, L.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp & Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Endocrinol, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Garg, S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Ophthalmol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Lawrence, J. M.] Kaiser Permanente, Dept Res & Evaluat, So Calif, Pasadena, CA USA. [Pihoker, C.] Childrens Hosp & Reg Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Endocrinol & Diabet, Seattle, WA USA. [Rodriguez, B. L.] Univ Hawai Manoa, John A Burns Sch Med, Honolulu, HI USA. [Klein, B. E.; Klein, R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Madison, WI USA. RP Mayer-Davis, EJ (reprint author), Care Of Bell RA, Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM rbell@wfubmc.edu RI Dagostino Jr, Ralph/C-4060-2017 OI Dagostino Jr, Ralph/0000-0002-3550-8395 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (PA) [00097, DP-05-069, DP-10-001]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Kaiser Permanente Southern California [U01 DP000246]; University of Colorado Denver [U01 DP000247]; Kuakini Medical Center [U01 DP000245]; Children's Hospital Medical Center (Cincinnati) [U01 DP000248]; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill [U01 DP000254]; University of Washington School of Medicine [U01 DP000244]; Wake Forest University School of Medicine [U01 DP000250]; General Clinical Research Centers (GCRC) at the Medical University of South Carolina [M01 RR01070]; Colorado Pediatric General Clinical Research Center [M01 RR00069]; Institutional Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA), NIH/NCRR at the University of Cincinnati [1UL1RR026314-01] FX The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study is indebted to the many youth and their families, and their healthcare providers, whose participation made this study possible. The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth is funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (PA number 00097, DP-05-069 and DP-10-001) and supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Site contract numbers are Kaiser Permanente Southern California (U01 DP000246), University of Colorado Denver (U01 DP000247), Kuakini Medical Center (U01 DP000245), Children's Hospital Medical Center (Cincinnati) (U01 DP000248), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (U01 DP000254), University of Washington School of Medicine (U01 DP000244), Wake Forest University School of Medicine (U01 DP000250). The authors wish to acknowledge the involvement of General Clinical Research Centers (GCRC) at the Medical University of South Carolina (grant no. M01 RR01070); Seattle Children's and the University of Washington School of Medicine (grant nos M01RR00037 and M01RR001271); Colorado Pediatric General Clinical Research Center (grant no. M01 RR00069); and the Institutional Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA), NIH/NCRR at the University of Cincinnati (grant no. 1UL1RR026314-01). NR 16 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0742-3071 J9 DIABETIC MED JI Diabetic Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 29 IS 9 BP 1148 EP 1152 DI 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03591.x PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 988EC UT WOS:000307470200025 PM 22269205 ER PT J AU Jusko, TA Klebanoff, MA Brock, JW Longnecker, MP AF Jusko, Todd A. Klebanoff, Mark A. Brock, John W. Longnecker, Matthew P. TI In-Utero Exposure to Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and Cognitive Development Among Infants and School-aged Children SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; HUMAN-MILK; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; SERUM; DDT; NEURODEVELOPMENT; DICHLOROETHENE; TRIGLYCERIDE; COHORT; BIRTH AB Background: Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) continues to be used for control of infectious diseases in several countries. In-utero exposure to DDT and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) has been associated with developmental and cognitive impairment among children. We examined this association in an historical cohort in which the level of exposure was greater than in previous studies. Methods: The association of in-utero DDT and DDE exposure with infant and child neurodevelopment was examined in 1100 subjects in the Collaborative Perinatal Project, a prospective birth cohort enrolling pregnant women from 12 study centers in the United States from 1959 to 1965. Maternal DDT and DDE concentrations were measured in archived serum specimens. Infant mental and motor development was assessed at age 8 months using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, and child cognitive development was assessed at age 7 years, using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. Results: Although levels of DDT and DDE were relatively high in this population (median DDT concentration, 8.9 mu g/L; DDE, 24.5 mu g/L), neither were related to Mental or Psychomotor Development scores on the Bayley Scales nor to Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient at 7 years of age. Categorical analyses showed no evidence of dose-response for either maternal DDT or DDE, and estimates of the association between continuous measures of exposure and neurodevelopment were indistinguishable from 0. Conclusions: Adverse associations were not observed between maternal serum DDT and DDE concentrations and offspring neurodevelopment at 8 months or 7 years in this cohort. C1 [Jusko, Todd A.; Longnecker, Matthew P.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Klebanoff, Mark A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Pediat, Coll Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Brock, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jusko, TA (reprint author), NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, POB 12233,MD A3-05,111 TW Alexander Dr,Rall Bldg, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM todd.jusko@nih.gov OI Longnecker, Matthew/0000-0001-6073-5322 FU Intramural Research Programs of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services FX Supported by the Intramural Research Programs of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services. NR 35 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 22 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD SEP PY 2012 VL 23 IS 5 BP 689 EP 698 DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e31825fb61d PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 989LG UT WOS:000307560700007 PM 22766752 ER PT J AU Kammerer, PE Montiel, S Kriner, P Bojorquez, I Ramirez, VB Vazquez-Erlbeck, M Azziz-Baumgartner, E Blair, PJ AF Kammerer, Peter E. Montiel, Sonia Kriner, Paula Bojorquez, Ietza Bejarano Ramirez, Veronica Vazquez-Erlbeck, Martha Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo Blair, Patrick J. TI Influenza-like illness surveillance on the California-Mexico border, 2004-2009 SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Bacterial infections; human; influenza; respiratory tract infections; sentinel surveillance ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TRACT INFECTIONS; CLINICAL-SAMPLES; CHILDREN; DISEASE; US; IMPACT; IDENTIFICATION; ADENOVIRUSES AB Background Since 2004, the Naval Health Research Center, with San Diego and Imperial counties, has collaborated with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to conduct respiratory disease surveillance in the US-Mexico border region. In 2007, the Secretariat of Health, Mexico and the Institute of Public Health of Baja California joined the collaboration. Objectives The identification of circulating respiratory pathogens in respiratory specimens from patients with influenza-like illness (ILI). Methods Demographic, symptom information and respiratory swabs were collected from enrollees who met the case definition for ILI. Specimens underwent PCR testing and culture in virology and bacteriology. Results From 2004 through 2009, 1855 persons were sampled. Overall, 36% of the participants had a pathogen identified. The most frequent pathogen was influenza (25%), with those aged 615 years the most frequently affected. In April 2009, a young female participant from Imperial County, California, was among the first documented cases of 2009 H1N1. Additional pathogens included influenza B, adenovirus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, enterovirus, herpes simplex virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pyogenes. Conclusions The US-Mexico border is one of the busiest in the world, with a large number of daily crossings. Due to its traffic, this area is an ideal location for surveillance sites. We identified a pathogen in 36% of the specimens tested, with influenza A the most common pathogen. A number of other viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens were identified. An understanding of the incidence of respiratory pathogens in border populations is useful for development of regional vaccination and disease prevention responses. C1 [Kammerer, Peter E.] USN, Dept Resp Dis Res, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Montiel, Sonia; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bojorquez, Ietza] Colegio Frontera Norte, Dept Populat Studies, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico. RP Kammerer, PE (reprint author), USN, Dept Resp Dis Res, Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM peter.kammerer@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU Department of Defense [60501]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System; US Department of State Biosecurity Engagement Program FX We thank Melinda Balansay, Daisy Cabrera, Rob Coon, Christian Hansen, Karen Ferran, Akiko Kimura, Angelica Pon, and the staffs of participating county and jurisdictional health departments and clinics. This represents report 11-15, supported by the Department of Defense, under work unit no. 60501. This study was also funded by grants from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, and the US Department of State Biosecurity Engagement Program. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, the US Government, or the CDC. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing protection of human subjects in research. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD SEP PY 2012 VL 6 IS 5 BP 358 EP 366 DI 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00316.x PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 989KR UT WOS:000307559200008 PM 22212638 ER PT J AU Tarkhashvili, N Chakvetadze, N Mebonia, N Chubinidze, M Bakanidze, L Shengelidze, V Mirtskhulava, M Chachava, T Katsitadze, G Gabunia, U Kordzaia, D Imnadze, P Guarner, J Sobel, J AF Tarkhashvili, Nato Chakvetadze, Neli Mebonia, Nana Chubinidze, Marina Bakanidze, Lela Shengelidze, Vladimer Mirtskhulava, Merab Chachava, Tamar Katsitadze, Guram Gabunia, Ucha Kordzaia, Dimitri Imnadze, Paata Guarner, Jeannette Sobel, Jeremy TI Traditional risk factors for Helicobacter pylori infection not found among patients undergoing diagnostic upper endoscopy-Republic of Georgia, 2007-2008 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Helicobacter pylori; Prevalence; Risk factors ID GASTRIC-CANCER PATIENTS; INTESTINAL METAPLASIA; PREVALENCE; CHILDREN; COUNTRIES; RELATIVES; SYMPTOMS; ADULTS AB Objectives: Helicobacter pylori causes gastritis, duodenal ulcers, and gastric cancer. Although household crowding, low socioeconomic status (SES), and poor sanitation are associated with infection elsewhere, risk factors of infection in the Republic of Georgia (ROG), a country with a high prevalence rate (>70%), remain unknown. In this study we explored potential risk factors of infection among symptomatic patients in ROG. Methods: During 2007-2008, we prospectively recruited 390 subjects with gastrointestinal symptoms referred to five tertiary care centers for diagnostic upper endoscopy. We administered a questionnaire on potential risk factors and tested patients using three diagnostic tests: gastric biopsies underwent histological evaluation and rapid urease test (CLO test), and an ELISA was used to detect IgG against H. pylori in serum. We defined a case as having two or more positive results from the three available tests. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Overall, 217 (56%) patients met the study case definition. Subjects diagnosed with cancer had the highest rate of H. pylori infection (62%), followed by those with gastritis (55%), and ulcer (54%). Age >30 years (adjusted odds ratio (aOR 2.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6-4.3) and residing in the capital city (aOR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-0.9) were significantly associated with infection. Conclusions: In this large cohort with gastrointestinal symptoms, only age >30 years and living in the capital were significant factors associated with infection. Lower SES, less education, and crowding did not confer an increased risk, in contrast to the findings of previous studies. Population-based studies are needed to identify potential routes and risk factors of H. pylori infection in ROG. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. C1 [Tarkhashvili, Nato] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Pierre, SD 57501 USA. [Tarkhashvili, Nato] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chakvetadze, Neli; Mebonia, Nana; Chubinidze, Marina; Bakanidze, Lela; Shengelidze, Vladimer; Mirtskhulava, Merab; Chachava, Tamar; Katsitadze, Guram; Gabunia, Ucha; Kordzaia, Dimitri; Imnadze, Paata] Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Guarner, Jeannette] Emory Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Sobel, Jeremy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tarkhashvili, N (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, 615 E 4th St, Pierre, SD 57501 USA. EM bwi2@cdc.gov RI Guarner, Jeannette/B-8273-2013; OI Kordzaia, Dimitri/0000-0002-4773-2896 FU US Department of Health and Human Services' Biotechnology Engagement Program [G-1195] FX This study was supported by the US Department of Health and Human Services' Biotechnology Engagement Program No. G-1195. The funding source played no role in designing the study, collecting, analyzing, or interpreting the data, writing the report, or the decision to submit it for publication. The authors of the manuscript report no conflicts of interest. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 16 IS 9 BP E697 EP E702 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.1031 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 995OV UT WOS:000308020600011 PM 22867956 ER PT J AU Becker, KM Ohuabunwo, C Ndjakani, Y Nguku, P Nsubuga, P Mukanga, D Wurapa, F AF Becker, Karen M. Ohuabunwo, Chima Ndjakani, Yassa Nguku, Patrick Nsubuga, Peter Mukanga, David Wurapa, Frederick TI Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programs in West Africa as a model for sustainable partnerships in animal and human health SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB The concept of animal and human health experts working together toward a healthier world has been endorsed, but challenges remain in identifying concrete actions to move this one health concept from vision to action. In 2008, as a result of avian influenza outbreaks in West Africa, international donor support led to a unique opportunity to invest in Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programs (FELTPs) in the region that engaged the animal and human health sectors to strengthen the capacity for prevention and control of zoonotic diseases. The FELTPs mixed 25% to 35% classroom and 65% to 75% field-based training and service for cohorts of physicians, veterinarians, and laboratory scientists. They typically consisted of a 2-year course leading to a master's degree in field epidemiology and public health laboratory management for midlevel public health leaders and competency-based short courses for frontline public health surveillance workers. Trainees and graduates work in multidisciplinary teams to conduct surveillance, outbreak investigations, and epidemiological studies for disease control locally and across borders. Critical outcomes of these programs include development of a cadre of public health leaders with core skills in integrated disease surveillance, outbreak investigation, vaccination campaigns, laboratory diagnostic testing, and epidemiological studies that address priority public health problems. A key challenge exists in identifying ways to successfully scale up and transform this innovative donor-driven program into a sustainable multisectoral one health workforce capacity development model. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2012;241:572-579) C1 [Becker, Karen M.] Tauri Grp, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA. [Ohuabunwo, Chima] Morehouse Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Ndjakani, Yassa] African Field Epidemiol Network W Africa, Kampala, Uganda. [Mukanga, David] African Field Epidemiol Network Secretariat, Kampala, Uganda. [Nguku, Patrick] Fed Minist Hlth, Nigeria Field Epidemiol & Lab Training, Garki, Abuja, Nigeria. [Nsubuga, Peter] CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ohuabunwo, Chima; Wurapa, Frederick] Univ Ghana, Sch Publ Hlth, Ghana Field Epidemiol & Lab Training Program, Legon, Ghana. RP Becker, KM (reprint author), Tauri Grp, 675 N Washington St, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA. EM karen.becker@taurigroup.com FU United States Agency for International Development FX Supported by the United States Agency for International Development. Address correspondence to Dr. Becker (karen.becker@taurigroup.com). NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 241 IS 5 BP 572 EP 579 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 995XD UT WOS:000308047700006 PM 22916854 ER PT J AU Scheutz, F Teel, LD Beutin, L Pierard, D Buvens, G Karch, H Mellmann, A Caprioli, A Tozzoli, R Morabito, S Strockbine, NA Melton-Celsa, AR Sanchez, M Persson, S O'Brien, AD AF Scheutz, Flemming Teel, Louise D. Beutin, Lothar Pierard, Denis Buvens, Glenn Karch, Helge Mellmann, Alexander Caprioli, Alfredo Tozzoli, Rosangela Morabito, Stefano Strockbine, Nancy A. Melton-Celsa, Angela R. Sanchez, Maria Persson, Soren O'Brien, Alison D. TI Multicenter Evaluation of a Sequence-Based Protocol for Subtyping Shiga Toxins and Standardizing Stx Nomenclature SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI STRAINS; HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; STRUCTURAL GENES; INTESTINAL MUCUS; VARIANT; CLONING; IDENTIFICATION; PCR AB When Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains emerged as agents of human disease, two types of toxin were identified: Shiga toxin type 1 (Stx1) (almost identical to Shiga toxin produced by Shigella dysenteriae type 1) and the immunologically distinct type 2 (Stx2). Subsequently, numerous STEC strains have been characterized that express toxins with variations in amino acid sequence, some of which confer unique biological properties. These variants were grouped within the Stx1 or Stx2 type and often assigned names to indicate that they were not identical in sequence or phenotype to the main Stx1 or Stx2 type. A lack of specificity or consistency in toxin nomenclature has led to much confusion in the characterization of STEC strains. Because serious outcomes of infection have been attributed to certain Stx subtypes and less so with others, we sought to better define the toxin subtypes within the main Stx1 and Stx2 types. We compared the levels of relatedness of 285 valid sequence variants of Stx1 and Stx2 and identified common sequences characteristic of each of three Stx/Stx1 and seven Stx2 subtypes. A novel, simple PCR subtyping method was developed, independently tested on a battery of 48 prototypic STEC strains, and improved at six clinical and research centers to test the reproducibility, sensitivity, and specificity of the PCR. Using a consistent schema for nomenclature of the Stx toxins and stx genes by phylogenetic sequence-based relatedness of the holotoxin proteins, we developed a typing approach that should obviate the need to bioassay each newly described toxin and that predicts important biological characteristics. C1 [Scheutz, Flemming; Persson, Soren] Statens Serum Inst, Dept Microbiol & Infect Control, Unit Foodborne Bacteria & Typing, WHO Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Escherichia, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Teel, Louise D.; Melton-Celsa, Angela R.; Sanchez, Maria; O'Brien, Alison D.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Beutin, Lothar] BfR Fed Inst Risk Assessment, Natl Reference Lab Escherichia Coli, Berlin, Germany. [Pierard, Denis; Buvens, Glenn] Univ Ziekenhuis Brussel, Dept Microbiol, Natl Reference Ctr Shiga Toxin Verotoxin Producin, Brussels, Belgium. [Karch, Helge; Mellmann, Alexander] Univ Munster, Inst Hyg, Munster, Germany. [Karch, Helge; Mellmann, Alexander] Univ Munster, Natl Consulting Lab Hemolyt Urem Syndrome, Munster, Germany. [Caprioli, Alfredo; Tozzoli, Rosangela; Morabito, Stefano] Ist Super Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Strockbine, Nancy A.] CDC, Natl Escherichia & Shigella Reference Unit, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Scheutz, F (reprint author), Statens Serum Inst, Dept Microbiol & Infect Control, Unit Foodborne Bacteria & Typing, WHO Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Escherichia, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. EM fsc@ssi.dk RI Morabito, Stefano/G-1988-2010; caprioli, alfredo/A-8709-2013; Tozzoli, Rosangela/I-3228-2014; OI Morabito, Stefano/0000-0003-2467-2912; O'Brien, Alison/0000-0002-1315-3204; Scheutz, Flemming/0000-0002-3931-4846; Mellmann, Alexander/0000-0002-0649-5185 FU NIH [AI20148]; BMBF [01KI1012B]; Medical Faculty Muenster grant [BD9817044] FX Funding was provided to Alison D. O'Brien by NIH grant AI20148 and to Alexander Mellmann by BMBF grant 01KI1012B and Medical Faculty Muenster grant BD9817044. NR 68 TC 212 Z9 217 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 50 IS 9 BP 2951 EP 2963 DI 10.1128/JCM.00860-12 PG 13 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 994OZ UT WOS:000307941900017 PM 22760050 ER PT J AU Carvalho, MD Jagero, G Bigogo, GM Junghae, M Pimenta, FC Moura, I Roundtree, A Li, ZY Conklin, L Feikin, DR Breiman, RF Whitney, CG Beall, B AF Carvalho, Maria da Gloria Jagero, Geoffrey Bigogo, Godfrey M. Junghae, Muthoni Pimenta, Fabiana C. Moura, Iaci Roundtree, Alexis Li, Zhongya Conklin, Laura Feikin, Daniel R. Breiman, Robert F. Whitney, Cynthia G. Beall, Bernard TI Potential Nonpneumococcal Confounding of PCR-Based Determination of Serotype in Carriage SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID GENES C1 [Carvalho, Maria da Gloria; Moura, Iaci; Roundtree, Alexis; Li, Zhongya; Conklin, Laura; Whitney, Cynthia G.; Beall, Bernard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jagero, Geoffrey; Bigogo, Godfrey M.; Junghae, Muthoni; Feikin, Daniel R.; Breiman, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Beall, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bbeall@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 50 IS 9 BP 3146 EP 3147 DI 10.1128/JCM.01505-12 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 994OZ UT WOS:000307941900060 ER PT J AU Raphael, BH Lautenschlager, M Kahler, A Pai, S Parks, BA Kalb, SR Maslanka, SE Shah, S Magnuson, M Hill, VR AF Raphael, Brian H. Lautenschlager, Matthew Kahler, Amy Pai, Suresh Parks, Bryan A. Kalb, Suzanne R. Maslanka, Susan E. Shah, Sanjiv Magnuson, Matthew Hill, Vincent R. TI Ultrafiltration improves ELISA and Endopep MS analysis of botulinum neurotoxin type A in drinking water SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Botulism; Detection; ELISA; Mass spectrometry; Toxin; Water quality ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PUBLIC-HEALTH; DIAGNOSTICS; SAMPLES; TOXINS AB The objective of this study was to adapt and evaluate two in vitro botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) detection methods, including the Botulinum Toxin ELISA and the Endopep MS (a mass spectrometric-based endopeptidase method), for use with drinking water samples. The method detection limits (MDL) of the ELISA and Endopep MS were 260 pg/mL and 21 pg/mL of BoNT/A complex toxin, respectively. Since toxin could be present in water samples at highly dilute concentrations, large volume (100-L) samples of municipal tap water from five US municipalities having distinct water compositions were dechlorinated, spiked with 5 mu g BoNT/A, and subjected to tangential-flow ultrafiltration (UF) using hollow fiber dialyzers. The recovery efficiency of BoNT/A using UF and quantified by ELISA ranged from 11% to 36% while efficiencies quantified by MS ranged from 26% to 55%. BoNT/A was shown to be stable in dechlorinated municipal tap water stored at 4 degrees C for up to four weeks. In addition, toxin present in UF-concentrated water samples was also shown to be stable at 4 degrees C for up to four weeks, allowing holding of samples prior to analysis. Finally, UF was used to concentrate a level of toxin (7 pg/mL) which is below the MDL for direct analysis by both ELISA and Endopep MS. Following UF, toxin was detectable in these samples using both in vitro analysis methods. These data demonstrate that UF-concentration of toxin from large volume water samples followed by use of existing analytical methods for detection of BoNT/A can be used in support of a monitoring program for contaminants in drinking water. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Raphael, Brian H.; Lautenschlager, Matthew; Kahler, Amy; Pai, Suresh; Parks, Bryan A.; Kalb, Suzanne R.; Maslanka, Susan E.; Hill, Vincent R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shah, Sanjiv; Magnuson, Matthew] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Raphael, BH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-29, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM BRaphael@cdc.gov RI Hill, Vincent/G-1789-2012; OI Hill, Vincent/0000-0001-7069-7737; Kalb, Suzanne/0000-0002-8067-136X; Raphael, Brian/0000-0003-2778-2623 FU EPA's Office of Emergency Management; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; CDC Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response; EPA's Office of Research and Development/National Homeland Security Research Center [DW-75-922304801] FX This work was supported by the EPA's Office of Emergency Management and Office of Research and Development/National Homeland Security Research Center under Interagency Agreement DW-75-922304801. Matt Lautenschlager was supported by an Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education fellowship and additional support for this project was provided by the CDC Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response. We thank Erin Silvestri (EPA/NHSRC) who served as Project Officer for this work and the various water utilities that provided water samples and water testing data. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and should not be construed to represent any agency determination or policy. Use of trade names and commercial sources is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by CDC or EPA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD SEP PY 2012 VL 90 IS 3 BP 267 EP 272 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2012.05.020 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 990ED UT WOS:000307612900021 PM 22677607 ER PT J AU Patel, DA Rozek, LS Colacino, JA Van Zomeren-Dohm, A Ruffin, MT Unger, ER Dolinoy, DC Swan, DC Onyekwuluje, J DeGraffinreid, CR Paskett, ED AF Patel, Divya A. Rozek, Laura S. Colacino, Justin A. Van Zomeren-Dohm, Adrienne Ruffin, Mack T. Unger, Elizabeth R. Dolinoy, Dana C. Swan, David C. Onyekwuluje, Juanita DeGraffinreid, Cecilia R. Paskett, Electra D. TI Patterns of cellular and HPV 16 methylation as biomarkers for cervical neoplasia SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Cervical cancer; Screening; Human papillomavirus; HPV; Methylation; Carcinogenesis ID SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONS; PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPE-16 DNA; LIQUID-BASED CYTOLOGY; PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION; NATURAL-HISTORY; BETHESDA SYSTEM; CANCER; GENE; CARCINOMA; CARCINOGENESIS AB Aberrant promoter methylation of biologically relevant genes in cervical cancer and uneven CpG distribution within the human papillomavirus 16 (HPV 16) enhancer region have been reported. Cervical samples and questionnaires from 151 women screened for cervical cancer in Appalachian Ohio were analyzed. Methylation was measured by bisulfite sequencing in candidate gene sites in ESR1, DCC, p16, and LINE1 elements. Among 89 HPV 16-positive women, CpG sites in the E6 promoter and enhancer regions and the L1 region of the HPV 16 genome were measured. Methylation levels were compared by cervical cytology and HPV 16 status. HPV methylation was low regardless of cytology status, however E6 methylation was significantly higher in women with normal cytology. ESR1 and DCC methylation were significantly higher in HPV 16-positive women. Increased methylation at sites in the E6 promoter region was associated with lower odds of abnormal cytology. Increased methylation in candidate genes was associated with higher odds of abnormal cytology, particularly DCC region 2.4, DCC region 2.6, ESR1 region 3.2, and LINE1 site 1.2. HPV 16 genome CpG methylation was low except for the L1 region. In general, lower HPV 16 methylation and higher candidate gene methylation levels were associated with higher odds of abnormal cytology. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Patel, Divya A.] Yale Univ, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Rozek, Laura S.; Colacino, Justin A.; Van Zomeren-Dohm, Adrienne; Dolinoy, Dana C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Ruffin, Mack T.] Univ Michigan, Dept Family Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. [Unger, Elizabeth R.; Swan, David C.; Onyekwuluje, Juanita] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [DeGraffinreid, Cecilia R.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Paskett, Electra D.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Patel, DA (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, FMB 307,330 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM divya.patel@yale.edu; rozekl@umich.edu; colacino@umich.edu; vzdohm@umich.edu; mruffin@med.umich.edu; eru0@cdc.gov; ddolinoy@umich.edu; swan_d@bellsouth.net; jjo8@cdc.gov; Cecilia.DeGraffinreid@osumc.edu; Electra.Paskett@osumc.edu OI Ruffin, Mack/0000-0001-8336-478X; Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 FU National Cancer Institute (NCI) of the National Institutes of Health [K07CA120040, K24CA080846, P50CA105632]; Behavioral Measurement Shared Resource at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center from NCI [P30CA016058, K07CA107079]; NCI's Early Detection Research Network through IAA [Y1-CN-5005-01, Y1-CN-0101-01]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) of the NIH [T32 ES007062] FX This work was supported by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) of the National Institutes of Health (grant numbers K07CA120040 to DAP, K24CA080846 to MTR and P50CA105632 to EDP). This work was also supported by the Behavioral Measurement Shared Resource at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center (grant numbers P30CA016058, K07CA107079 from NCI) and by NCI's Early Detection Research Network through IAA Y1-CN-5005-01 and Y1-CN-0101-01. Support for JAC was provided by an Institutional Training Grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) of the NIH (grant number T32 ES007062). NR 50 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD SEP PY 2012 VL 184 IS 1-2 BP 84 EP 92 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.05.022 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 990DK UT WOS:000307611000013 PM 22664184 ER PT J AU Gilbert, SE Rose, LJ AF Gilbert, S. E. Rose, L. J. TI Survival and persistence of nonspore-forming biothreat agents in water SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Brucella melitensis; Brucella suis; Burkholderia mallei; Burkholderia pseudomallei; Francisella tularensis; survival; viable but not culturable (VBNC); Yersinia pestis ID NON-CULTURABLE STATE; FRANCISELLA-TULARENSIS; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; BY-PRODUCTS; ENVIRONMENT; DISINFECTANTS; BIOTERRORISM; INACTIVATION AB Aims: To determine whether nonspore-forming biothreat agents can survive and persist in potable water that does not contain a disinfectant. Methods and Results: Autoclaved, de-chlorinated Atlanta municipal water was inoculated with eight isolates of bacterial biothreat agents (106 CFU ml-1). The inoculated water samples were incubated at 5, 8 (Francisella tularensis only) or 25 degrees C and assayed for viability by culture and by the presence of metabolic activity as measured by esterase activity (ScanRDI, AES Chemunex). Viability as determined by culture varied from 1 to 30 days, depending upon the organism and the temperature of the water. All organisms were determined viable as measured by esterase activity for the entire 30 days, regardless of the incubation temperature. Conclusion: Francisella tularensis was culturable for at least 21 days if held at 8 degrees C. The remaining nonspore-forming bacterial biothreat agents were found to be metabolically active for at least 30 days in water held at 5 or 25 degrees C. Significance and Impact of the Study: The data can assist public health officials to determine the safety of drinking water after contamination with a biothreat agent. C1 [Gilbert, S. E.; Rose, L. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gilbert, SE (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM segilbert@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 55 IS 3 BP 189 EP 194 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2012.03277.x PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 991RN UT WOS:000307719200003 PM 22725260 ER PT J AU Williamson, DM Marrie, RA Ashley-Koch, A Schiffer, R Trottier, J Wagner, L AF Williamson, D. M. Marrie, R. A. Ashley-Koch, A. Schiffer, R. Trottier, J. Wagner, L. TI Design, methodological issues and participation in a multiple sclerosis case-control study SO ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA LA English DT Article DE case-control study; environmental risk factors; genetic susceptibility; multiple sclerosis ID ENVIRONMENTAL RISK-FACTORS; DIAGNOSTIC-CRITERIA; DISEASE; CLUSTER; PATHOGENESIS; PREVALENCE; GUIDELINES; PATHWAYS; GENETICS; SOLVENTS AB Objectives This study was conducted to determine whether the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS) was associated with certain environmental exposures or genetic factors previously reported to influence MS risk. This paper describes the methodological issues, study design and characteristics of the study population. Materials and methods Individuals with definite MS were identified from a prevalence study conducted in three geographic areas. The target number of cases was not reached, so an additional study area was added. Identifying clinic controls was inefficient, so controls were recruited using random digit dialing. All study participants completed a detailed questionnaire regarding environmental exposures using computer-assisted telephone interviewing, and blood was collected for genetic analysis. Results In total, 276 cases and 590 controls participated, but participation rates were low, ranging from 28.4% to 38.9%. Only one-third (33.6%) of individuals identified in the prevalence study agreed to participate in the casecontrol study. Cases were more likely to be non-Hispanic white and older than their source populations as identified in the preceding prevalence study (P < 0.05). Most participants provided a blood sample for genotyping (91%; n = 789). Conclusions Epidemiological studies play a key role in identifying genetic and environmental factors that are associated with complex diseases like MS. Methodological issues arise in every study, and investigators need to be able to detect, respond to and correct problems in a timely and scientifically valid manner. C1 [Williamson, D. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCCDPHP, DRH, MIHB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Marrie, R. A.] Cleveland Clin Fdn, Mellen Ctr MS Treatment & Res, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. [Ashley-Koch, A.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Human Genet, Durham, NC USA. [Schiffer, R.] Texas Tech Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Lubbock, TX USA. [Trottier, J.] Lorain Cty Gen Hlth Dist, Elyria, OH USA. [Wagner, L.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Environm Epidemiol & Dis Registries Sect, Austin, TX USA. RP Williamson, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCCDPHP, DRH, MIHB, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS K-23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM djw8@cdc.gov OI Ashley-Koch, Allison/0000-0001-5409-9155; Marrie, Ruth Ann/0000-0002-1855-5595 FU Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry [200-2003-01396] FX This study was funded by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (contract # 200-2003-01396). Study materials are available from the authors upon request. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0001-6314 J9 ACTA NEUROL SCAND JI Acta Neurol. Scand. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 126 IS 3 BP 197 EP 204 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2011.01629.x PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 983DX UT WOS:000307099800009 PM 22171574 ER PT J AU Chen, HT Turner, NC AF Chen, Huey T. Turner, Nannette C. TI Formal Theory Versus Stakeholder Theory: New Insights From a Tobacco-Focused Prevention Program Evaluation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE program theory; formal theory-based intervention; stakeholder theory-based intervention; environmental tobacco smoke prevention; theory-driven evaluation ID CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; HEALTH; INTERVENTION; TRANSLATION; EFFICACY; EXPOSURE; ADULTS; SMOKE; US AB Health promotion and social betterment program interventions are based on either formal theory from academia or stakeholder theory from stakeholders' observations and experiences in working with clients. Over time, formal theory-based interventions have acquired high prestige, while stakeholder theory-based interventions have been held in low esteem. Here we examine the assumption that formal theory-based interventions are superior to stakeholder-based interventions in addressing community problems. The article elaborates on these ideas via a case study of a community-based, environmental tobacco smoke prevention program evaluation. The authors conclude that although both types of interventions had their strengths and limitations in the real world, the stakeholder theory-based intervention was more viable and effective than the formal theory-based intervention in this case due to implementation reasons. Findings are useful in understanding these two intervention types, in developing better strategies to address community problems, and in advancing program theory and theory-driven evaluation. C1 [Chen, Huey T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Turner, Nannette C.] Mercer Univ, Sch Med, Macon, GA 31207 USA. RP Chen, HT (reprint author), 5595 Wake Forrest Run, Johns Creek, GA 30097 USA. EM hueychen9@gmail.com NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 25 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1098-2140 J9 AM J EVAL JI Am. J. Eval. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 33 IS 3 BP 395 EP 413 DI 10.1177/1098214012442802 PG 19 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 978HV UT WOS:000306732300006 ER PT J AU MacCannell, T Shugart, A Schneider, AK Lindley, MC Lorick, SA Rao, A Woods, LO Ahmed, F Sinkowitz-Cochran, RL AF MacCannell, Taranisia Shugart, Alicia Schneider, Amy K. Lindley, Megan C. Lorick, Suchita A. Rao, Agam Woods, LaDora O. Ahmed, Faruque Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L. TI A Qualitative Assessment of a Performance Measure for Reporting Influenza Vaccination Rates among Healthcare Personnel SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POSITION PAPER AB To understand the feasibility of implementing a standardized performance measure for collecting and reporting influenza vaccination rates among healthcare personnel, qualitative, semistructured interviews were conducted with key informants in 32 healthcare facilities. Despite practical and logistical challenges to implementing the measure, respondents perceived clear benefits to its use. C1 [MacCannell, Taranisia; Shugart, Alicia; Schneider, Amy K.; Rao, Agam; Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis NCEZID, Div Healthcare Qual Promot DHQP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lindley, Megan C.; Lorick, Suchita A.; Woods, LaDora O.; Ahmed, Faruque] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis NCIRD, Immunizat Serv Div ISD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP MacCannell, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis NCEZID, Div Healthcare Qual Promot DHQP, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fwu4@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 33 IS 9 BP 945 EP 948 DI 10.1086/667375 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 988EE UT WOS:000307470400013 PM 22869270 ER PT J AU Kersh, EN Luo, W Zheng, Q Adams, DR Hanson, D Youngpairoj, AS Cong, ME Butler, K Hendry, RM McNicholl, JM Heneine, W Garcia-Lerma, JG AF Kersh, Ellen N. Luo, Wei Zheng, Qi Adams, Debra R. Hanson, Debra Youngpairoj, Ae S. Cong, Mian-er Butler, Katherine Hendry, R. Michael McNicholl, Janet M. Heneine, Walid Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo TI Reduced Inflammation and CD4 Loss in Acute SHIV Infection During Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; T-CELL RESPONSES; ACUTE HIV-1 INFECTION; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; RHESUS MACAQUES; TENOFOVIR GEL; REPLICATION; PROTECTION; VIREMIA; IMPACT AB Background. The impact of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with antiretrovirals on breakthrough HIV or SHIV infection is not fully documented. We addressed the hypothesis that SHIVSF162P3 infection despite active PrEP results in altered early immune parameters, compared with untreated infection. Methods.Eleven rhesus macaques were infected during repeated, rectal, low-dose SHIVSF162P3 exposures while receiving concurrent oral PrEP (Truvada [n = 2] or GS7340 [n = 4]) or as untreated controls (n = 5). We measured SHIV RNA, inflammatory cytokines, CD4 cells, and SHIV-specific and memory T cells until 20 weeks after peak viremia. Results.SHIV infection during PrEP resulted in 100-fold lower peak viremia and lower IL-15, IL-18, and IL-1Ra levels, compared with controls (P < .05; Wilcoxon rank-sum test). Unlike controls, PrEP-treated macaques showed no significant CD4 cell count reduction during acute infection and developed more SHIV-specific central memory T cells, relative to controls. After in vivo CD8 cell depletion, viral load increased to similar levels, indicating that CD8 cells were critical for viral control in both groups. Conclusions.PrEP with antiretrovirals has beneficial effects on early SHIV infection even when infection is not prevented. Although long-term immune control could not be examined in this SHIV infection model, our results suggest that PrEP results in improved early disease parameters in breakthrough infections. C1 [Kersh, Ellen N.; Luo, Wei; Zheng, Qi; Adams, Debra R.; Hanson, Debra; Youngpairoj, Ae S.; Cong, Mian-er; Butler, Katherine; Hendry, R. Michael; McNicholl, Janet M.; Heneine, Walid; Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kersh, EN (reprint author), CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM egk6@cdc.gov FU CDC [Y1-AI-0681-02]; NIH [Y1-AI-0681-02] FX This work was supported by the CDC and by an Interagency Agreement (Y1-AI-0681-02) between the CDC and NIH. NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 206 IS 5 BP 770 EP 779 DI 10.1093/infdis/jis422 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 988PA UT WOS:000307501800019 PM 22740713 ER PT J AU Stanbury, M Anderson, H Blackmore, C Fagliano, J Heumann, M Kass, D McGeehin, M AF Stanbury, Martha Anderson, Henry Blackmore, Carina Fagliano, Jerald Heumann, Michael Kass, Daniel McGeehin, Michael TI Functions of Environmental Epidemiology and Surveillance in State Health Departments SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE environmental health; epidemiology; public health surveillance; ten essential environmental public health services AB Public health surveillance and epidemiology are the foundations for disease prevention because they provide the factual basis from which agencies can set priorities, plan programs, and take actions to protect the public's health. Surveillance for noninfectious diseases associated with exposure to agents in the environment like lead and pesticides has been a function of state health departments for more than 3 decades, but many state programs do not have adequate funding or staff for this function. Following the efforts to identify core public health epidemiology functions in chronic diseases, injury, and occupational health and safety, a workgroup of public health environmental epidemiologists operating within the organizational structure of the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists has defined the essential core functions of noninfectious disease environmental epidemiology that should be present in every state health department and additional functions of a comprehensive program. These functions are described in terms of the "10 Essential Environmental Public Health Services" and their associated performance standards. Application of these consensus core and expanded functions should help state and large metropolitan health departments allocate resources and prioritize activities of their environmental epidemiologists, thus improving the delivery of environmental health services to the public. C1 [Stanbury, Martha] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Div Environm Hlth, Lansing, MI 48909 USA. [Anderson, Henry] Dept Hlth Serv, Wisconsin Div Publ Hlth, Madison, WI USA. [Blackmore, Carina] Bur Environm Publ Hlth Med, Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Fagliano, Jerald] New Jersey Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Trenton, NJ USA. [Heumann, Michael] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Off Environm Publ Hlth, Portland, OR USA. [Kass, Daniel] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [McGeehin, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hazard & Hlth Effects, Atlanta, GA USA. [McGeehin, Michael] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Stanbury, M (reprint author), Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Div Environm Hlth, POB 30195, Lansing, MI 48909 USA. EM stanburym@michigan.gov FU NCHM CDC HHS [5U38HM000414] NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 18 IS 5 BP 453 EP 460 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e31822d4c01 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 979XL UT WOS:000306857000013 PM 22836537 ER PT J AU Barnes, PA Curtis, AB Hall-Downey, L Moonesinghe, R AF Barnes, Priscilla A. Curtis, Amy B. Hall-Downey, Laura Moonesinghe, Ramal TI A Multistate Examination of Partnership Activity Among Local Public Health Systems Using the National Public Health Performance Standards SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE evaluation; local public health systems; partnerships; performance standards ID COMMUNITY-HEALTH; QUALITY IMPROVEMENT; DEPARTMENTS; INFRASTRUCTURE; PREPAREDNESS; FRAMEWORK; AGENCIES AB This study examines whether partnership-related measures in the second version of the National Public Health Performance Standards (NPHPS) are useful in evaluating level of activity as well as identifying latent constructs that exist among local public health systems (LPHSs). In a sample of 110 LPHSs, descriptive analysis was conducted to determine frequency and percentage of 18 partnership-related NPHPS measures. Principal components factor analysis was conducted to identify unobserved characteristics that promote effective partnerships among LPHSs. Results revealed that 13 of the 18 measures were most frequently reported at the minimal-moderate level (conducted 1%-49% of the time). Coordination of personal health and social services to optimize access (74.6%) was the most frequently reported measure at minimal-moderate levels. Optimal levels (conducted > 75% of the time) were reported most frequently in 2 activities: participation in emergency preparedness coalitions and local health departments ensuring service provision by working with state health departments (67% and 61% of respondents, respectively) and the least optimally reported activity was review partnership effectiveness (4% of respondents). Factor analysis revealed categories of partnership-related measures in 4 domains: resources and activities contributing to relationship building, evaluating community leadership activities, research, and state and local linkages to support public health activities. System-oriented public health assessments may have questions that serve as proxy measures to examine levels of interorganizational partnerships. Several measures from the NPHPS were useful in establishing a national baseline of minimal and optimal activity levels as well as identifying factors to enhance the delivery of the 10 essential public health services among organizations and individuals in public health systems. C1 [Barnes, Priscilla A.] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ Hlth Bloomington, Dept Appl Hlth Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Curtis, Amy B.] Western Michigan Univ, Coll Hlth & Human Serv, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [Hall-Downey, Laura] Mississippi State Univ, Sch Human Sci, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Moonesinghe, Ramal] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Dispar, Off Director, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Barnes, PA (reprint author), 1025 E 7th St,HPER 116, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM priscillab4@gmail.com NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 13 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 18 IS 5 BP E14 EP E23 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e31822ca424 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 979XL UT WOS:000306857000002 PM 22836543 ER PT J AU Weber, IB Lindsey, NP Bunko-Patterson, AM Briggs, G Wadleigh, TJ Sylvester, TL Levy, C Komatsu, KK Lehman, JA Fischer, M Staples, JE AF Weber, I. B. Lindsey, N. P. Bunko-Patterson, A. M. Briggs, G. Wadleigh, T. J. Sylvester, T. L. Levy, C. Komatsu, K. K. Lehman, J. A. Fischer, M. Staples, J. E. TI Completeness of West Nile virus testing in patients with meningitis and encephalitis during an outbreak in Arizona, USA SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Encephalitis; meningitis; surveillance; West Nile virus ID UNITED-STATES; NEUROINVASIVE DISEASE; SURVEILLANCE; COLORADO AB Accurate data on West Nile virus (WNV) cases help guide public health education and control activities, and impact regional WNV blood product screening procedures. During an outbreak of WNV disease in Arizona, records from patients with meningitis or encephalitis were reviewed to determine the proportion tested for WNV. Of 60 patients identified with meningitis or encephalitis, 24 (40%) were tested for WNV. Only 12 (28%) of 43 patients aged <50 years were tested for WNV compared to 12 (71%) of 17 patients aged >= 50 years (P<0.01). Patients with clinical signs of weakness or paralysis, elevated CSF protein, admitted to an inpatient facility, or discharged to a rehabilitation facility were also more likely to have WNV testing performed. The lack of testing in younger age groups and in those with less severe disease probably resulted in substantial underestimates of WNV neuroinvasive disease burden. C1 [Weber, I. B.; Lindsey, N. P.; Lehman, J. A.; Fischer, M.; Staples, J. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Bunko-Patterson, A. M.; Wadleigh, T. J.; Sylvester, T. L.] Maricopa Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Briggs, G.] Pinal Cty Div Publ Hlth, Florence, AZ USA. [Levy, C.; Komatsu, K. K.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. RP Weber, IB (reprint author), CDC, DVBD, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM ggv8@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 140 IS 9 BP 1632 EP 1636 DI 10.1017/S0950268811002494 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 985QR UT WOS:000307283700012 PM 22123531 ER PT J AU Bradley, KK Williams, JM Burnsed, LJ Lytle, MB McDermott, MD Mody, RK Bhattarai, A Mallonee, S Piercefield, EW McDonald-Hamm, CK Smithee, LK AF Bradley, K. K. Williams, J. M. Burnsed, L. J. Lytle, M. B. McDermott, M. D. Mody, R. K. Bhattarai, A. Mallonee, S. Piercefield, E. W. McDonald-Hamm, C. K. Smithee, L. K. TI Epidemiology of a large restaurant-associated outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O111:NM SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; foodborne infections; non-O157 Escherichia coli illness; outbreaks; Shiga toxin-producing E. coli ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC-SYNDROME; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; O157-H7 INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; NON-O157; ESCHERICHIA-COLI-O157-H7; TRANSMISSION; CONSUMPTION; MINNESOTA; SURVIVAL AB In August 2008, a large outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O111:NM infections associated with a buffet-style restaurant in rural Oklahoma was identified. A case-control study of restaurant patrons and a retrospective cohort study of catered event attendees were conducted coupled with an environmental investigation to determine the outbreak's source and mode of transmission. Of 1823 persons interviewed, 341 (18.7%) met the outbreak case definition; 70 (20.5%) were hospitalized, 25 (7.3%) developed haemolytic uraemic syndrome, and one died. Multiple food items were significantly associated with illness by both bivariate and multivariate analyses, but none stood out as a predominant transmission vehicle. All water, food, and restaurant surface swabs, and stool cultures from nine ill employees were negative for the presence of Shiga toxin and E. coli O111:NM although epidemiological evidence suggested the outbreak resulted from cross-contamination of restaurant food from food preparation equipment or surfaces, or from an unidentified infected food handler. C1 [Bradley, K. K.] Oklahoma Dept Hlth, Off State Epidemiologist, Oklahoma City, OK 73117 USA. [Mody, R. K.; Bhattarai, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Piercefield, E. W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Field Assignments Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bradley, KK (reprint author), Oklahoma Dept Hlth, Off State Epidemiologist, 1000 NE 10th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73117 USA. EM kristyb@health.ok.gov RI Bhattarai, Achuyt/B-8760-2008 OI Bhattarai, Achuyt/0000-0002-0514-4850 FU Oklahoma State Department of Health FX This study received funding from the Oklahoma State Department of Health. NR 34 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 27 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 140 IS 9 BP 1644 EP 1654 DI 10.1017/S0950268811002329 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 985QR UT WOS:000307283700014 PM 22117135 ER PT J AU Schillie, SF Xing, J Murphy, TV Hu, DJ AF Schillie, S. F. Xing, J. Murphy, T. V. Hu, D. J. TI Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among persons with diagnosed diabetes mellitus in the United States, 1999-2010 SO JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS LA English DT Article DE diabetes; glucose monitor; hepatitis B; NHANES AB . The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among persons with diabetes has not been assessed among the US population, despite increasing reports of HBV transmission in institutional care settings. Using national survey data, we found a 60% higher prevalence of HBV infection among persons with (vs without) diagnosed diabetes. C1 [Schillie, S. F.; Murphy, T. V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div Viral Hepatitis, Vaccine Res & Policy Team, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schillie, SF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div Viral Hepatitis, Vaccine Res & Policy Team, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sschillie@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1352-0504 J9 J VIRAL HEPATITIS JI J. Viral Hepatitis PD SEP PY 2012 VL 19 IS 9 BP 674 EP 676 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2012.01616.x PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 984CE UT WOS:000307165900010 PM 22863272 ER PT J AU Grigorescu, V Zhang, Y Kissin, D Sauber-Schatz, E Sunderam, M Jamieson, D AF Grigorescu, V. Zhang, Y. Kissin, D. Sauber-Schatz, E. Sunderam, M. Jamieson, D. TI MATERNAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PREGNANCY OUTCOMES AFTER ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES (ART) BY INFERTILITY DIAGNOSIS: OVULATORY DYSFUNCTION (OD) VERSUS TUBAL OBSTRUCTION (TO) SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Grigorescu, V.; Zhang, Y.; Kissin, D.; Sauber-Schatz, E.; Sunderam, M.; Jamieson, D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 EI 1556-5653 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 98 IS 3 SU S MA P-298 BP S200 EP S201 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA V45UY UT WOS:000209842700664 ER PT J AU Kawahito, J Nakata, A Ikeda, T Sakurai, K Otsuka, Y AF Kawahito, J. Nakata, A. Ikeda, T. Sakurai, K. Otsuka, Y. TI ASSOCIATION OF JOB STRESSORS WITH BODY MASS INDEX IN JAPANESE YOUNG ADULT WORKERS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE job stressors; body mass index; young workers; Japanese C1 [Kawahito, J.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Educ, Hiroshima, Japan. [Nakata, A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Ikeda, T.] Univ Occupat & Environm Hlth, Fukuoka, Japan. [Sakurai, K.] Okinawa Int Univ, Dept Human Welf, Okinawa, Japan. [Otsuka, Y.] Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Educ, Hiroshima, Japan. EM kawakawahito@yahoo.co.jp NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1070-5503 EI 1532-7558 J9 INT J BEHAV MED JI Int. J. Behav. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 19 SU 1 MA P653 BP S261 EP S262 PG 2 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA V45KR UT WOS:000209816000628 ER PT J AU Nater, U Dimulescu, I Unger, E Rajeevan, M AF Nater, U. Dimulescu, I Unger, E. Rajeevan, M. TI THE INFLUENCE OF COPY NUMBER VARIATIONS OF THE AMY1 GENE ON BASAL AND STRESS-RELATED CHANGES IN SALIVARY ALPHA-AMYLASE SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE stress; biobehavioral mechanisms C1 [Nater, U.; Dimulescu, I] Univ Marburg, Clin Biopsychol, Marburg, Germany. [Unger, E.; Rajeevan, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. EM nater@uni-marburg.de NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1070-5503 EI 1532-7558 J9 INT J BEHAV MED JI Int. J. Behav. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 19 SU 1 MA P157 BP S64 EP S64 PG 1 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA V45KR UT WOS:000209816000155 ER PT J AU Sirichotiratana, N McKnight-Eily, L Arrazola, R Merritt, R Malarcher, A AF Sirichotiratana, N. McKnight-Eily, L. Arrazola, R. Merritt, R. Malarcher, A. TI PREVALENCE AND PSYCHOSOCIAL CORRELATES OF CURRENT SMOKING AMONG ADOLESCENT STUDENTS IN THAILAND, 2005 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sirichotiratana, N.] Mahidol Univ, Publ Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. [McKnight-Eily, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Biostat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Arrazola, R.; Merritt, R.; Malarcher, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA USA. EM nithats@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1070-5503 EI 1532-7558 J9 INT J BEHAV MED JI Int. J. Behav. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 19 SU 1 MA P66 BP S30 EP S30 PG 1 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA V45KR UT WOS:000209816000074 ER PT J AU Pan, LP Sherry, B Njai, R Blanck, HM AF Pan, Liping Sherry, Bettylou Njai, Rashid Blanck, Heidi M. TI Food Insecurity Is Associated with Obesity among US Adults in 12 States SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Article DE Obesity; Food insecurity; Food security; Adult AB A redesigned food insecurity question that measured food stress was included in the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System in the Social Context optional module. The objective of our study was to examine the association between food stress and obesity using this question as a surrogate for food insecurity. Our analytic sample included 66,553 adults from 12 states. Food insecurity was determined by response (always/usually/sometimes) to the question, "How often in the past 12 months would you say you were worried or stressed about having enough money to buy nutritious meals?" T tests were used to compare prevalence differences between groups, and logistic regression was used to examine the association between food insecurity and obesity. Among the 12 states, the prevalence of obesity was 27.1% overall, 25.2% among food secure adults, and 35.1% among food insecure adults. Food insecure adults had 32% increased odds of being obese compared to food secure adults. Compared with food secure adults, food insecure adults had significantly higher prevalence of obesity in the following population subgroups: adults ages >= 30 years, women, non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, adults with some college education or a college degree, a household income of <$25,000 or $50,000 to $74,999, and adults with none or two children in their households. One in three food insecure adults were obese. Food insecurity wasassociated with obesity in the overall population and most population subgroups. These findings are consistent with previous research and highlight the importance of increasing access to affordable healthy foods for all adults. C1 [Pan, Liping; Sherry, Bettylou; Blanck, Heidi M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Njai, Rashid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Pan, LP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,K-26, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Lpan@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 47 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 EI 2212-2680 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 112 IS 9 BP 1403 EP 1409 DI 10.1016/j.jand.2012.06.011 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA V33ZV UT WOS:000209057600015 PM 22939441 ER PT J AU Park, S Blanck, HM Sherry, B Brener, N O'Toole, T AF Park, Sohyun Blanck, Heidi M. Sherry, Bettylou Brener, Nancy O'Toole, Terrence TI Factors Associated with Low Water Intake among US High School Students-National Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Study, 2010 SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Article DE Drinking water; Dietary intake; Adolescents; Sugar-sweetened beverages; Television AB Drinking plain water instead of sugar-sweetened beverages is one approach for reducing energy intake. Only a few studies have examined characteristics associated with plain water intake among US youth. The purpose of our cross-sectional study was to examine associations of demographic characteristics, weight status, dietary habits, and other behavior-related factors with plain water intake among a nationally representative sample of US high school students. The 2010 National Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Study data for 11,049 students in grades 9 through 12 were used. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for variables associated with low water intake (<3 times/day). Nationwide, 54% of high school students reported drinking water <3 times/day. Variables significantly associated with a greater odds for low water intake were age <= 15 years (OR 1.1), consuming <2 glasses/day of milk (OR 1.5), nondiet soda >= 1 time/day (OR 1.6), other sugar-sweetened beverages >= 1 time/day (OR 1.4), fruits and 100% fruit juice <2 times/day (OR 1.7), vegetables <3 times/day (OR 2.3), eating at fast-food restaurants 1 to 2 days/week and >3 days/week (OR 1.3 and OR 1.4, respectively), and being physically active >60 minutes/ day on <5 days/week (OR 1.6). Being obese was significantly associated with reduced odds for low water intake (OR 0.7). The findings of these significant associations of low water intake with poor diet quality, frequent fast-food restaurant use, and physical inactivity may be used to tailor intervention efforts to increase plain water intake as a substitute for sugar-sweetened beverages and to promote healthy lifestyles. C1 [Park, Sohyun; Blanck, Heidi M.; Sherry, Bettylou; O'Toole, Terrence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Brener, Nancy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Park, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K26, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM spark3@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 EI 2212-2680 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 112 IS 9 BP 1421 EP 1427 DI 10.1016/j.jand.2012.04.014 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA V33ZV UT WOS:000209057600018 PM 22749261 ER PT J AU Parashar, U Tate, J Arora, R Kang, G AF Parashar, Umesh Tate, Jacqueline Arora, Rashmi Kang, Gagandeep TI Prospects for Routine Childhood Vaccination against Rotavirus in India SO NATIONAL MEDICAL JOURNAL OF INDIA LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Parashar, Umesh; Tate, Jacqueline] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Arora, Rashmi] Indian Council Med Res, New Delhi, India. [Kang, Gagandeep] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Parashar, U (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM uap2@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ALL INDIA INST MEDICAL SCIENCES PI NEW DELHI PA ANSARI NAGAR, NEW DELHI 110 029, INDIA SN 0970-258X J9 NATL MED J INDIA JI Natl. Med. J. India PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 25 IS 5 BP 257 EP 260 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA V33MQ UT WOS:000209023300001 PM 23448622 ER PT J AU Chen, Z Crawford, CAG AF Chen, Zhuo Crawford, Carol A. Gotway TI The role of geographic scale in testing the income inequality hypothesis as an explanation of health disparities SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Behavioral risk factor surveillance system; Geographic scale; Gini coefficient; Income inequality hypothesis; Health disparity ID SELF-RATED HEALTH; POPULATION HEALTH; MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; LIFE EXPECTANCY; RELATIVE INCOME; MORTALITY; LEVEL; POVERTY; US AB This study re-examined the role of geographic scale in measuring income inequality and testing the income inequality hypothesis (IIH) as an explanation of health disparities. We merged Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2000 data with income inequality indices constructed at different geographic scales to test the association between income inequality and four different health indicators, i.e., self-assessed health status as a morbidity measure, vaccination against influenza as a measure of use of preventive healthcare, having any kind of health insurance as a measure of access, and obesity as a modifiable health risk factor measure. Multilevel models are used in our regression of the health indicators on measures of income inequalities and control variables. Our analysis suggests that because income inequality is a contextual variable, income inequalities measured at different geographic scales have different interpretations and relate to societal characteristics at different levels. Therefore, a rejection of the IIH at one level does not necessarily negate the possibility that income inequality affects health at another level. Assessment across a variety of scales is needed to have a comprehensive picture of the IIH in any given study. Empirical results also show that whether the IIH holds could depend on the sex group examined and the health indicator used, which implies different mechanisms of IIH exist for different sex groups and health indicators, in addition to the geographic scale. The role of geographic scale should be more rigorously considered in social determinants of health research. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chen, Zhuo; Crawford, Carol A. Gotway] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Chen, Z (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zchen1@cdc.gov; cdg7@cdc.gov NR 57 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1022 EP 1031 DI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.04.032 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 979LQ UT WOS:000306821900009 PM 22694992 ER PT J AU Levin, ML Studer, E Killmaster, L Zemtsova, G Mumcuoglu, KY AF Levin, M. L. Studer, E. Killmaster, L. Zemtsova, G. Mumcuoglu, K. Y. TI Crossbreeding between different geographical populations of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rhipicephalus sanguineus; Hybridization; Conspecificity; Reproductive incompatibility; Mitochondrial DNA; Phylogeny ID NEIGHBOR-JOINING METHOD; BOOPHILUS-ANNULATUS; B-MICROPLUS; LATREILLE; IXODOIDEA; APPENDICULATUS; CLARIFICATION; ZAMBEZIENSIS; PHYLOGENIES; BIOLOGY AB Brown dog ticks are distributed world-wide, and their systematics and phylogeny are the subject of an ongoing debate. The present study evaluates the reproductive compatibility between Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks from North America, Israel, and Africa. Female ticks of the parent generation were mated with males from the same and alternate colonies. Every pure and hybrid cohort was maintained separately into the F2 generation with F1 females being allowed to mate only with males from the same cohort. The following survival parameters were measured and recorded for every developmental stage: feeding duration and success; engorgement weight, fertility, and fecundity of females; molting and hatching success. Ticks from North American and Mediterranean populations hybridized successfully. The survival parameters of all their hybrid lines were similar to those in pure lines throughout the F1 generation, and F1 adults were fully fertile. Parent adult ticks from the African population hybridized with either North American or Mediterranean ticks and produced viable progenies whose survival parameters were also similar to those in pure lines throughout the F1 generation. However, F1 adults in the four hybrid lines that included African ancestry were infertile. No parthenogenesis was observed in any pure or hybrid lines as proportion of males in F1 generation ranged from 40 to 60 %. Phylogenetic analysis of the 12S rDNA gene sequences placed African ticks into a separate clade from those of the North American or Mediterranean origins. Our results demonstrate that Rh. sanguineus ticks from North America and Israel represent the same species, whereas the African population used in this study is significantly distant and probably represents a different taxon. C1 [Levin, M. L.; Studer, E.; Killmaster, L.; Zemtsova, G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mumcuoglu, K. Y.] Kuvin Ctr Study Infect & Trop Dis, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Levin, ML (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop G-13, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mlevin@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) FX E.A. Studer was supported by The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). We are grateful to Dr. Pablo Tortosa of the Centre de Recherche et de Veille sur les Maladies Emergentes dans l'Ocean Indien for providing Rh. sanguineus ticks from Reunion Island for this study. NR 44 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8162 J9 EXP APPL ACAROL JI Exp. Appl. Acarol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 58 IS 1 BP 51 EP 68 DI 10.1007/s10493-012-9561-x PG 18 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 975XH UT WOS:000306544500006 PM 22527838 ER PT J AU Cunningham, TJ Seeman, TE Kawachi, I Gortmaker, SL Jacobs, DR Kiefe, CI Berkman, LF AF Cunningham, Timothy J. Seeman, Teresa E. Kawachi, Ichiro Gortmaker, Steven L. Jacobs, David R. Kiefe, Catarina I. Berkman, Lisa F. TI Racial/ethnic and gender differences in the association between self-reported experiences of racial/ethnic discrimination and inflammation in the CARDIA cohort of 4 US communities SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE USA; Racial/ethnic discrimination; Blacks; Whites; Inflammation; C-reactive protein; Hierarchical linear models; Gender ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; ARTERY RISK DEVELOPMENT; YOUNG-ADULTS CARDIA; RACIAL-DISCRIMINATION; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; PERCEIVED DISCRIMINATION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; INSULIN-RESISTANCE AB Inflammation is etiologically implicated in cardiometabolic diseases for which there are known racial/ethnic disparities. Prior studies suggest there may be an association between self-reported experiences of racial/ethnic discrimination and inflammation, particularly C-reactive protein (CRP). It is not known whether that association is influenced by race/ethnicity and gender. In separate hierarchical linear models with time-varying covariates, we examined that association among 901 Black women, 614 Black men, 958 White women, and 863 White men in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study in four US communities. Self-reported experiences of racial/ethnic discrimination were ascertained in 1992-93 and 2000-01. Inflammation was measured as log-transformed CRP in those years and 2005-06. All analyses were adjusted for blood pressure, plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), age, education, and community. Our findings extend prior research by suggesting that, broadly speaking, self-reported experiences of racial/ethnic discrimination are associated with inflammation; however, this association is complex and varies for Black and White women and men. Black women reporting 1 or 2 experiences of discrimination had higher levels of CRP compared to Black women reporting no experiences of discrimination (beta = 0.141, SE = 0.062, P < 0.05). This association was not statistically significant among Black women reporting 3 or more experiences of discrimination and not independent of modifiable risks (smoking and obesity) in the final model. White women reporting 3 or more experiences of discrimination had significantly higher levels of CRP compared to White women reporting no experiences of discrimination independent of modifiable risks in the final model (beta = 0.300, SE = 0.113, P < 0.01). The association between self-reported experiences of racial/ethnic discrimination and CRP was not statistically significant among Black and White men reporting 1 or 2 experiences of discrimination. Further research in other populations is needed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cunningham, Timothy J.; Kawachi, Ichiro; Gortmaker, Steven L.; Berkman, Lisa F.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Soc Human Dev & Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Seeman, Teresa E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Geriatr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Jacobs, David R.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. [Kiefe, Catarina I.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Quantitat Hlth Sci, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. [Berkman, Lisa F.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Ctr Populat & Dev Studies, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Cunningham, TJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tjcunningham@cdc.gov FU NIA NIH HHS [U01 AG027669] NR 55 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 34 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 75 IS 5 BP 922 EP 931 DI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.04.027 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 975UK UT WOS:000306536800020 PM 22682683 ER PT J AU Mwinzi, PNM Montgomery, SP Owaga, CO Mwanje, M Muok, EM Ayisi, JG Laserson, KF Muchiri, EM Secor, WE Karanja, DMS AF Mwinzi, Pauline N. M. Montgomery, Susan P. Owaga, Chrispin O. Mwanje, Mariam Muok, Erick M. Ayisi, John G. Laserson, Kayla F. Muchiri, Erick M. Secor, W. Evan Karanja, Diana M. S. TI Integrated community-directed intervention for schistosomiasis and soil transmitted helminths in western Kenya - a pilot study SO PARASITES & VECTORS LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE; MALARIA-CONTROL; MASS TREATMENT; ONCHOCERCIASIS; PRAZIQUANTEL; MANSONI; UGANDA; INFECTIONS; SERVICES; DELIVERY AB Background: Schistosome and soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are recognized as major global public health problems, causing severe and subtle morbidity, including significant educational and nutritional effects in children. Although effective and safe drugs are available, ensuring access to these drugs by all those at risk of schistosomiasis and STHs is still a challenge. Community-directed intervention (CDI) has been used successfully for mass distribution of drugs for other diseases such as onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis. A national control programme is yet to be instituted in Kenya and evidence for cost-effective strategies for reaching most affected communities is needed. This study evaluated the effectiveness and feasibility of the CDI strategy in the control of schistosomiasis and STHs, in East Uyoma location, Rarieda district, a community of western Kenya that is highly endemic for both infections. Results: Pre-treatment prevalence of S. mansoni averaged 17.4% (range 5-43%) in the entire location. Treatment coverage in different villages ranged from 54.19 to 96.6% by community drug distributor (CDD) records. Assessment from a household survey showed coverage of 52.3 -91.9% while the proportion of homesteads (home compounds) covered ranged from 54.9-98.5%. Six months after one round of drug distribution, the prevalence levels of S. mansoni, hookworm and Trichuris trichura infections were reduced by 33.2%, 69.4% and 42.6% respectively. Conclusions: This study shows that CDI is an accepted and effective strategy in the mass treatment of schistosomiasis and STH infections in resource constrained communities in Kenya and may be useful in similar communities elsewhere. A controlled trial comparing CDI and school based mass drug administration to demonstarte their relative advantages is ongoing. C1 [Mwinzi, Pauline N. M.; Owaga, Chrispin O.; Muok, Erick M.; Ayisi, John G.; Karanja, Diana M. S.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Neglected Trop Dis Branch, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu 157840100, Kenya. [Mwanje, Mariam; Muchiri, Erick M.] Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Div Vector Borne & Neglected Trop Dis, Nairobi, Kenya. [Montgomery, Susan P.; Secor, W. Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Laserson, Kayla F.] Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI CDC, KEMRI CDC Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu 157840100, Kenya. RP Mwinzi, PNM (reprint author), Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Neglected Trop Dis Branch, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu 157840100, Kenya. EM pmwinzi@kemricdc.org FU WHO/TDR Business Line 11 [A 60476] FX This work is published with the permission of the Director, Kenya Medical Research Institute. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC. The authors would like to thank Maurice Ombok, Nicholas Mwaura and Esther Tolo for help with data management. COO and the project activities were supported by WHO/TDR Business Line 11 grant # A 60476 to PNMM. All other authors were supported by their respective institutions. NR 33 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-3305 J9 PARASITE VECTOR JI Parasites Vectors PD AUG 31 PY 2012 VL 5 AR 182 DI 10.1186/1756-3305-5-182 PG 10 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 007VZ UT WOS:000308917800001 PM 22937890 ER PT J AU Stewart, B Rose, CE Tokars, JI Martin, SW Keitel, WA Keyserling, HL Babcock, J Parker, SD Jacobson, RM Poland, GA McNeil, MM AF Stewart, Brock Rose, Charles E. Tokars, Jerome I. Martin, Stacey W. Keitel, Wendy A. Keyserling, Harry L. Babcock, Janiine Parker, Scott D. Jacobson, Robert M. Poland, Gregory A. McNeil, Michael M. TI Health-related quality of life in the CDC Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed Human Clinical Trial SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Quality of life; Health survey; AVA Clinical Trial ID GULF-WAR; VETERANS; MICE AB Background: After the Department of Defense implemented a mandatory anthrax vaccination program in 1998 concerns were raised about potential long-term safety effects of the current anthrax vaccine. The CDC multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA) Human Clinical Trial to evaluate route change and dose reduction collected data on participants' quality of life. Our objective is to assess the association between receipt of AVA and changes in health-related quality of life, as measured by the SF-36 health survey (Medical Outcomes Trust, Boston, MA), over 42 months after vaccination. Methods: 1562 trial participants completed SF-36v2 health surveys at 0, 12,18,30 and 42 months. Physical and mental summary scores were obtained from the survey results. We used Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) analyses to assess the association between physical and mental score difference from baseline and seven study groups receiving either AVA at each dose, saline placebo at each dose, or a reduced AVA schedule substituting saline placebo for some doses. Results: Overall, mean physical and mental scores tended to decrease after baseline. However, we found no evidence that the score difference from baseline changed significantly differently between the seven study groups. Conclusions: These results do not favor an association between receipt of AVA and an altered health-related quality of life over a 42-month period. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Stewart, Brock; Tokars, Jerome I.; McNeil, Michael M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rose, Charles E.; Martin, Stacey W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Keitel, Wendy A.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Keyserling, Harry L.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Babcock, Janiine] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Parker, Scott D.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Jacobson, Robert M.; Poland, Gregory A.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. RP McNeil, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, MS D-26,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mmm2@cdc.gov OI Jacobson, Robert/0000-0002-6355-8752 NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 31 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 40 BP 5875 EP 5879 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.06.076 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 001GY UT WOS:000308449800012 PM 22814409 ER PT J AU Bae, HT Baldwin, CT Sebastiani, P Telen, MJ Ashley-Koch, A Garrett, M Hooper, WC Bean, CJ DeBaun, MR Arking, DE Bhatnagar, P Casella, JF Keefer, JR Barron-Casella, E Gordeuk, V Kato, GJ Minniti, C Taylor, J Campbell, A Luchtman-Jones, L Hoppe, C Gladwin, MT Zhang, YZ Steinberg, MH AF Bae, Harold T. Baldwin, Clinton T. Sebastiani, Paola Telen, Marilyn J. Ashley-Koch, Allison Garrett, Melanie Hooper, W. Craig Bean, Christopher J. DeBaun, Michael R. Arking, Dan E. Bhatnagar, Pallav Casella, James F. Keefer, Jeffrey Renn Barron-Casella, Emily Gordeuk, Victor Kato, Gregory J. Minniti, Caterina Taylor, James Campbell, Andrew Luchtman-Jones, Lori Hoppe, Carolyn Gladwin, Mark T. Zhang, Yingze Steinberg, Martin H. TI Meta-analysis of 2040 sickle cell anemia patients: BCL11A and HBS1L-MYB are the major modifiers of HbF in African Americans SO BLOOD LA English DT Letter ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; REGULATORY REGION; FETAL-HEMOGLOBIN; DISEASE C1 [Steinberg, Martin H.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Bae, Harold T.; Sebastiani, Paola] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Telen, Marilyn J.; Ashley-Koch, Allison; Garrett, Melanie] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Durham, NC USA. [Hooper, W. Craig; Bean, Christopher J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [DeBaun, Michael R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Arking, Dan E.; Bhatnagar, Pallav; Casella, James F.; Keefer, Jeffrey Renn; Barron-Casella, Emily] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Gordeuk, Victor] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Kato, Gregory J.; Minniti, Caterina; Taylor, James] NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Campbell, Andrew] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Luchtman-Jones, Lori] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Hoppe, Carolyn] Childrens Hosp, Res Ctr Oakland, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. [Gladwin, Mark T.; Zhang, Yingze] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Steinberg, MH (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, 72 E Concord St, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM mhsteinb@bu.edu RI Bhatnagar, Pallav/A-1280-2013; Kato, Gregory/I-7615-2014; OI Kato, Gregory/0000-0003-4465-3217; Steinberg, Martin/0000-0001-8800-8020; Taylor, James/0000-0002-4421-1809; sebastiani, paola/0000-0001-6419-1545; Ashley-Koch, Allison/0000-0001-5409-9155 FU Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA HL005116-06]; NCRR NIH HHS [2M01 RR10284-10]; NHLBI NIH HHS [2R25 HL003679-8, HL079915, HL68959, R01 HL079912, R01 HL87681, RC2 HL101212, U54HL090515]; NINDS NIH HHS [5-U01-NS042804-07]; PHS HHS [HHSN268200782096C] NR 7 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD AUG 30 PY 2012 VL 120 IS 9 BP 1961 EP 1962 DI 10.1182/blood-2012-06-432849 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 009FM UT WOS:000309011200033 PM 22936743 ER PT J AU McMullan, LK Folk, SM Kelly, AJ MacNeil, A Goldsmith, CS Metcalfe, MG Batten, BC Albarino, CG Zaki, SR Rollin, PE Nicholson, WL Nichol, ST AF McMullan, Laura K. Folk, Scott M. Kelly, Aubree J. MacNeil, Adam Goldsmith, Cynthia S. Metcalfe, Maureen G. Batten, Brigid C. Albarino, Cesar G. Zaki, Sherif R. Rollin, Pierre E. Nicholson, William L. Nichol, Stuart T. TI A New Phlebovirus Associated with Severe Febrile Illness in Missouri SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TO-PERSON TRANSMISSION; AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM; FEVER VIRUS; BUNYAVIRUS; CHINA AB Two men from northwestern Missouri independently presented to a medical facility with fever, fatigue, diarrhea, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia, and both had been bitten by ticks 5 to 7 days before the onset of illness. Ehrlichia chaffeensis was suspected as the causal agent but was not found on serologic analysis, polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) assay, or cell culture. Electron microscopy revealed viruses consistent with members of the Bunyaviridae family. Next-generation sequencing and phylogenetic analysis identified the viruses as novel members of the phlebovirus genus. Although Koch's postulates have not been completely fulfilled, we believe that this phlebovirus, which is novel in the Americas, is the cause of this clinical syndrome. C1 [McMullan, Laura K.; MacNeil, Adam; Albarino, Cesar G.; Rollin, Pierre E.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Goldsmith, Cynthia S.; Metcalfe, Maureen G.; Batten, Brigid C.; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kelly, Aubree J.; Nicholson, William L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Folk, Scott M.] Heartland Reg Med Ctr, St Joseph, MO USA. RP Nichol, ST (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch MS G14, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wnicholson@cdc.gov; snichol@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 169 Z9 182 U1 3 U2 27 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD AUG 30 PY 2012 VL 367 IS 9 BP 834 EP 841 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa1203378 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 996EN UT WOS:000308067400005 PM 22931317 ER PT J AU McCarthy, CF Riley, PL AF McCarthy, Carey F. Riley, Patricia L. TI The African Health Profession Regulatory Collaborative for Nurses and Midwives SO HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Health workforce; Regulation; Health profession; Human resources for health; Collaborative; Global health; Regional approach; Strengthening; Nursing; Midwifery AB Background: More than thirty-five sub-Saharan African countries have severe health workforce shortages. Many also struggle with a mismatch between the knowledge and competencies of health professionals and the needs of the populations they serve. Addressing these workforce challenges requires collaboration among health and education stakeholders and reform of health worker regulations. Health professional regulatory bodies, such as nursing and midwifery councils, have the mandate to reform regulations yet often do not have the resources or expertise to do so. In 2011, the United States of America Centers for Disease Control and Prevention began a four-year initiative to increase the collaboration among national stakeholders and help strengthen the capacity of health professional regulatory bodies to reform national regulatory frameworks. The initiative is called the African Health Regulatory Collaborative for Nurses and Midwives. This article describes the African Health Regulatory Collaborative for Nurses and Midwives and discusses its importance in implementing and sustaining national, regional, and global workforce initiatives. Discussion: The African Health Profession Regulatory Collaborative for Nurses and Midwives convenes leaders responsible for regulation from 14 countries in East, Central and Southern Africa. It provides a high profile, south-to-south collaboration to assist countries in implementing joint approaches to problems affecting the health workforce. Implemented in partnership with Emory University, the Commonwealth Secretariat, and the East, Central and Southern African College of Nursing, this initiative also supports four to five countries per year in implementing locally-designed regulation improvement projects. Over time, the African Health Regulatory Collaborative for Nurses and Midwives will help to increase the regulatory capacity of health professional organizations and ultimately improve regulation and professional standards in this region of Africa. The African Health Regulatory Collaborative for Nurses and Midwives will measure the progress of country projects and conduct an annual evaluation of the initiative's regional impact, thereby contributing to the global evidence base of health workforce interventions. Conclusion: The African Health Regulatory Collaborative for Nurses and Midwives is designed to address priority needs in health workforce development and improve regulation of the health workforce. This model may assist others countries and regions facing similar workforce challenges. C1 [McCarthy, Carey F.; Riley, Patricia L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McCarthy, CF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E41, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cmccarthy@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-4491 J9 HUM RESOUR HEALTH JI Hum. Resour. Health PD AUG 29 PY 2012 VL 10 AR 26 DI 10.1186/1478-4491-10-26 PG 5 WC Health Policy & Services; Industrial Relations & Labor SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Business & Economics GA 012DG UT WOS:000309215100001 PM 22931501 ER PT J AU Abdel-Maksoud, M House, B Wasfy, M Abdel-Rahman, B Pimentel, G Roushdy, G Dueger, E AF Abdel-Maksoud, Mohamed House, Brent Wasfy, Momtaz Abdel-Rahman, Bassem Pimentel, Guillermo Roushdy, Gehan Dueger, Erica TI In vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing of Brucella isolates from Egypt between 1999 and 2007 and evidence of probable rifampin resistance SO ANNALS OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND ANTIMICROBIALS LA English DT Article DE Brucella; Brucellosis; MIC; Rifampin; Ceftriaxone; E-test; Egypt ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; ACUTE FEBRILE ILLNESS; MELITENSIS AB Background: Brucellosis poses a significant public health problem in Mediterranean countries, including Egypt. Treatment of this disease is often empirical due to limited information on the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Brucella spp. in this region of the world. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Brucella blood isolates in Egypt, a country endemic for brucellosis. Methods: Brucella spp. isolates were identified from the blood cultures of acute febrile illness (AFI) patients presenting to a network of infectious disease hospitals from 1999-2007. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined for tetracycline, gentamicin, doxycycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, streptomycin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and rifampin using the E-test. Interpretations were made according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: A total of 355 Brucella spp. isolates were analyzed. All were susceptible to tetracycline, doxycycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, streptomycin and ciprofloxacin; probable resistance to rifampin and ceftriaxone was observed among 277 (64%) and 7 (2%) of the isolates, respectively. Percentages of isolates showing probable resistance to rifampin were significantly lower before 2001 than in the following years (7% vs. >81%, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Despite the high burden of brucellosis in Egypt and frequent empirical treatment, isolates have remained susceptible to the majority of tested antibiotics. However, this is the first report of high rates of probable resistance to rifampin among Brucella isolates from Egypt. Patients should be closely monitored while following standard treatment regimens. Continued surveillance, drug susceptibility studies and updated CLSI interpretive criteria are needed to monitor and update antibiotic prescribing policies for brucellosis. C1 [Abdel-Maksoud, Mohamed; House, Brent; Wasfy, Momtaz; Abdel-Rahman, Bassem; Pimentel, Guillermo; Dueger, Erica] US Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo 5000, Egypt. [Roushdy, Gehan] Cent Publ Hlth Lab, Cairo, Egypt. [Dueger, Erica] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Abdel-Maksoud, M (reprint author), US Naval Med Res Unit 3, PSC 452, Cairo 5000, Egypt. EM Mohamed.abdelmaksoud.eg@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID); U.S. Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (DoD-GEIS) [E022] FX This work was supported by a grant from the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the U.S. Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (DoD-GEIS) (work unit number E022). NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-0711 J9 ANN CLIN MICROB ANTI JI Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob. PD AUG 28 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 24 DI 10.1186/1476-0711-11-24 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 096HU UT WOS:000315395600001 PM 22929054 ER PT J AU Vijaykadga, S Alker, AP Satimai, W MacArthur, JR Meshnick, SR Wongsrichanalai, C AF Vijaykadga, Saowanit Alker, Alisa P. Satimai, Wichai MacArthur, John R. Meshnick, Steven R. Wongsrichanalai, Chansuda TI Delayed Plasmodium falciparum clearance following artesunate-mefloquine combination therapy in Thailand, 1997-2007 SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Malaria; drug resistance; parasite clearance ID IN-VIVO; ARTEMISININ RESISTANCE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; MALARIA; BORDER; EFFICACY; CAMBODIA; AREA AB Background: There is concern that artesunate resistance is developing in Southeast Asia. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of parasitaemia in the few days following treatment with artesunate-mefloquine (AM), which is an indirect measure of decreased artesunate susceptibility. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of 31 therapeutic efficacy studies involving 1,327 patients treated with AM conducted by the Thai National Malaria Control Programme from 1997-2007. Results: The prevalence of patients with parasitaemia on day 2 was higher in the east compared to the west (east: 20%, west: 9%, OR 2.47, 95% CI: 1.77, 3.45). In addition, the prevalence of day-2 parasitaemia increased over time (OR for each year = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.19). After controlling for initial parasitaemia and age, year and region remained important determinants of day-2 parasitaemia (OR for region = 3.98, 95% CI 2.63, 6.00; OR for year = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.17, 1.39). The presence of parasitaemia on day 2 and day 3 were specific, but not sensitive predictors of treatment failure. Discussion: Delayed resolution of parasitaemia after AM treatment increased in eastern Thailand between 1997 and 2007, which may be an early manifestation of decreased artesunate susceptibility. However, clinical and parasitological treatment failure after 28 days (which is related to both mefloquine and artesunate decreased susceptibility) is not changing over time. The presence of parasitaemia on day 2 is a poor indicator of AM 28-day treatment failure. C1 [Vijaykadga, Saowanit; Satimai, Wichai] Minist Publ Hlth, Bur Vector Borne Dis, Dept Dis Control, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Alker, Alisa P.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [MacArthur, John R.; Wongsrichanalai, Chansuda] USAID RDMA, Bangkok, Thailand. [MacArthur, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Meshnick, Steven R.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gilings Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Satimai, W (reprint author), Minist Publ Hlth, Bur Vector Borne Dis, Dept Dis Control, Nonthaburi, Thailand. EM satimaiw@yahoo.co.th FU Thai Ministry of Public Health; USAID (through the Kenan Institute Asia); UNC Infectious Diseases Pathogenesis Training Fellowship FX We thank D Tongkong, M Chansawang, A Nakavet, T Puangpeeapichai, S Cholpol, A Pinyoratanachote and S Sukkam for field operation at the various study sites. We thank Bill Miller for his advice on the analysis. A different version of this paper was presented at the ASTMH meeting in December 2008. This work was supported by the Thai Ministry of Public Health and USAID (through the Kenan Institute Asia). APA was supported by the UNC Infectious Diseases Pathogenesis Training Fellowship for part of this work. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD AUG 28 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 296 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-11-296 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 025XO UT WOS:000310230700001 PM 22929382 ER PT J AU Gallardo-Romero, NF Drew, CP Weiss, SL Metcalfe, MG Nakazawa, YJ Smith, SK Emerson, GL Hutson, CL Salzer, JS Bartlett, JH Olson, VA Clemmons, CJ Davidson, WB Zaki, SR Karem, KL Damon, IK Carroll, DS AF Gallardo-Romero, Nadia F. Drew, Clifton P. Weiss, Sonja L. Metcalfe, Maureen G. Nakazawa, Yoshinori J. Smith, Scott K. Emerson, Ginny L. Hutson, Christina L. Salzer, Johanna S. Bartlett, Jeanine H. Olson, Victoria A. Clemmons, Cody J. Davidson, Whitni B. Zaki, Sherif R. Karem, Kevin L. Damon, Inger K. Carroll, Darin S. TI The Pox in the North American Backyard: Volepox Virus Pathogenesis in California Mice (Peromyscus californicus) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RACCOON POXVIRUS; MONKEYPOX VIRUS; PRAIRIE DOGS; ORTHOPOXVIRUS; PROTEINS; ANIMALS AB Volepox virus (VPXV) was first isolated in 1985 from a hind foot scab of an otherwise healthy California vole (Microtus californicus). Subsequent surveys in San Mateo County, CA, revealed serological evidence suggesting that VPXV is endemic to this area, and a second viral isolate from a Pinyon mouse (Peromyscus truei) was collected in 1988. Since then, few studies have been conducted regarding the ecology, pathology, and pathogenicity of VPXV, and its prevalence and role as a potential zoonotic agent remain unknown. To increase our understanding of VPXV disease progression, we challenged 24 California mice (Peromyscus californicus) intranasally with 1.6x10(3) PFU of purified VPXV. By day five post infection (pi) we observed decreased activity level, conjunctivitis, ruffled hair, skin lesions, facial edema, and crusty noses. A mortality rate of 54% was noted by day eight pi. In addition, internal organ necrosis and hemorrhages were observed during necropsy of deceased or euthanized animals. Viral loads in tissues (brain, gonad, kidney, liver, lung, spleen, submandibular lymph node, and adrenal gland), bodily secretions (saliva, and tears), and excretions (urine, and/or feces) were evaluated and compared using real time-PCR and tissue culture. Viral loads measured as high as 2x10(9) PFU/mL in some organs. Our results suggest that VPXV can cause extreme morbidity and mortality within rodent populations sympatric with the known VPXV reservoirs. C1 [Gallardo-Romero, Nadia F.; Weiss, Sonja L.; Nakazawa, Yoshinori J.; Smith, Scott K.; Emerson, Ginny L.; Hutson, Christina L.; Salzer, Johanna S.; Olson, Victoria A.; Clemmons, Cody J.; Davidson, Whitni B.; Karem, Kevin L.; Damon, Inger K.; Carroll, Darin S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Drew, Clifton P.; Metcalfe, Maureen G.; Bartlett, Jeanine H.; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Salzer, Johanna S.] Emory Univ, Program Populat Biol Ecol & Evolut, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Gallardo-Romero, NF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM hfa5@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 28 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e43881 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0043881 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 998CA UT WOS:000308213600053 PM 22952799 ER PT J AU Taniwaki, MH Pitt, JI Iamanaka, BT Sartori, D Copetti, MV Balajee, A Fungaro, MHP Frisvad, JC AF Taniwaki, Marta H. Pitt, John I. Iamanaka, Beatriz T. Sartori, Daniele Copetti, Marina V. Balajee, Arun Fungaro, Maria Helena P. Frisvad, Jens C. TI Aspergillus bertholletius sp. nov. from Brazil Nuts SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MYCOTOXINS AB During a study on the mycobiota of brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa) in Brazil, a new Aspergillus species, A. bertholletius, was found, and is described here. A polyphasic approach was applied using morphological characters, extrolite data as well as partial beta-tubulin, calmodulin and ITS sequences to characterize this taxon. A. bertholletius is represented by nineteen isolates from samples of brazil nuts at various stages of production and soil close to Bertholletia excelsa trees. The following extrolites were produced by this species: aflavinin, cyclopiazonic acid, kojic acid, tenuazonic acid and ustilaginoidin C. Phylogenetic analysis using partial beta-tubulin and camodulin gene sequences showed that A. bertholletius represents a new phylogenetic clade in Aspergillus section Flavi. The type strain of A. bertholletius is CCT 7615 (=ITAL 270/06 = IBT 29228). C1 [Taniwaki, Marta H.; Iamanaka, Beatriz T.] Inst Tecnol Alimentos, Ctr Ciencia & Qualidade Alimentos, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Pitt, John I.] CSIRO Anim Food & Hlth Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Sartori, Daniele; Fungaro, Maria Helena P.] Univ Estadual Londrina, Ctr Ciencias Biol, Londrina, Parana, Brazil. [Copetti, Marina V.] Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Tecnol & Ciencia Alimentos, BR-97119900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. [Balajee, Arun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Frisvad, Jens C.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Syst Biol, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. RP Taniwaki, MH (reprint author), Inst Tecnol Alimentos, Ctr Ciencia & Qualidade Alimentos, Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM marta@ital.sp.gov.br RI Fungaro, Maria Helena/H-7369-2014 FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Ministerio da Agricultura, Pecuaria e Abastecimento, (MAPA) Brazil FX This research was supported by Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) and Ministerio da Agricultura, Pecuaria e Abastecimento, (MAPA) Brazil. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 18 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 27 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e42480 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0042480 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 995WH UT WOS:000308044800008 PM 22952594 ER PT J AU Hammett, TM Jarlais, DCD Kling, R Kieu, BT McNicholl, JM Wasinrapee, P McDougal, JS Liu, W Chen, Y Meng, DH Doan, N Nguyen, TH Hoang, QN Hoang, TV AF Hammett, Theodore M. Jarlais, Don C. Des Kling, Ryan Binh Thanh Kieu McNicholl, Janet M. Wasinrapee, Punneeporn McDougal, J. Stephen Liu, Wei Chen, Yi Meng, Donghua Ngu Doan Tho Huu Nguyen Quyen Ngoc Hoang Tren Van Hoang TI Controlling HIV Epidemics among Injection Drug Users: Eight Years of Cross-Border HIV Prevention Interventions in Vietnam and China SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CAPTURE ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; NORTHERN VIETNAM; TYPE-1 INCIDENCE; RECENT INFECTION; SOUTHERN CHINA; HARM REDUCTION; PREVALENCE; PATTERNS; PROVINCE; LAW AB Introduction: HIV in Vietnam and Southern China is driven by injection drug use. We have implemented HIV prevention interventions for IDUs since 2002-2003 in Lang Son and Ha Giang Provinces, Vietnam and Ning Ming County (Guangxi), China. Methods: Interventions provide peer education and needle/syringe distribution. Evaluation employed serial cross-sectional surveys of IDUs 26 waves from 2002 to 2011, including interviews and HIV testing. Outcomes were HIV risk behaviors, HIV prevalence and incidence. HIV incidence estimation used two methods: 1) among new injectors from prevalence data; and 2) a capture enzyme immunoassay (BED testing) on all HIV+ samples. Results: We found significant declines in drug-related risk behaviors and sharp reductions in HIV prevalence among IDUs (Lang Son from 46% to 23% [p<0.001], Ning Ming: from 17% to 11% [p=0.003], and Ha Giang: from 51% to 18% [p<0.001]), reductions not experienced in other provinces without such interventions. There were significant declines in HIV incidence to low levels among new injectors through 36-48 months, then some rebound, particularly in Ning Ming, but BED-based estimates revealed significant reductions in incidence through 96 months. Discussion: This is one of the longest studies of HIV prevention among IDUs in Asia. The rebound in incidence among new injectors may reflect sexual transmission. BED-based estimates may overstate incidence (because of false-recent results in patients with long-term infection or on ARV treatment) but adjustment for false-recent results and survey responses on duration of infection generally confirm BED-based incidence trends. Combined trends from the two estimation methods show sharp declines in incidence to low levels. The significant downward trends in all primary outcome measures indicate that the Cross-Border interventions played an important role in bringing HIV epidemics among IDUs under control. The Cross-Border project offers a model of HIV prevention for IDUs that should be considered for large-scale replication. C1 [Hammett, Theodore M.; Kling, Ryan] ABT Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Jarlais, Don C. Des] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Binh Thanh Kieu] ABT Associates Inc, Hanoi, Vietnam. [McNicholl, Janet M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DHAP, Branch Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wasinrapee, Punneeporn] Thai Minist Publ Hlth US CDC Collaborat, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [McDougal, J. Stephen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS STDs & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Liu, Wei; Chen, Yi] Guangxi Ctr Dis Control, Nanning, Peoples R China. [Meng, Donghua] Ning Ming Cty Hlth Dept, Ning Ming City, Guangxi, Peoples R China. [Ngu Doan] ABT Associates Inc, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. [Tho Huu Nguyen] Lang Son Prov HIV AIDS Ctr, Lang Son City, Vietnam. [Quyen Ngoc Hoang; Tren Van Hoang] Ha Giang Prov Hlth Serv, Ha Giang City, Vietnam. RP Hammett, TM (reprint author), ABT Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM ted_hammett@abtassoc.com FU National Institute on Drug Abuse, U.S. National Institutes of Health: NIDA [1 R01 DA-14703]; Ford Foundation (Hanoi office); United Kingdom Department for International Development; World Bank; Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria; AusAID HAARP Cross-Border Program; Ford Foundation (Beijing office) FX This work was supported by: National Institute on Drug Abuse, U.S. National Institutes of Health: NIDA grant no. 1 R01 DA-14703 (www.nida.nih.gov); Ford Foundation (Hanoi and Beijing offices) (www.fordfound.org); United Kingdom Department for International Development (www.dfid.gov.uk); World Bank (www.worldbank.org); Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria (www.theglobalfund.org); AusAID HAARP Cross-Border Program (www.haarp-online.org); Anonymous Donor, New York City (see comments). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 58 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 27 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e43141 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0043141 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 995WH UT WOS:000308044800021 PM 22952640 ER PT J AU Siddaramappa, S Challacombe, JF Petersen, JM Pillai, S Kuske, CR AF Siddaramappa, Shivakumara Challacombe, Jean F. Petersen, Jeannine M. Pillai, Segaran Kuske, Cheryl R. TI Genetic diversity within the genus Francisella as revealed by comparative analyses of the genomes of two North American isolates from environmental sources SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC-GRANULOMATOUS-DISEASE; TULARENSIS SUBSPECIES TULARENSIS; FORMERLY YERSINIA-PHILOMIRAGIA; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE O-ANTIGEN; THIAMIN BIOSYNTHESIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; INOSITOL MONOPHOSPHATASE; BETA-GALACTOSIDASE; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS AB Background: Francisella tularensis is an intracellular pathogen that causes tularemia in humans and the public health importance of this bacterium has been well documented in recent history. Francisella philomiragia, a distant relative of F. tularensis, is thought to constitute an environmental lineage along with Francisella novicida. Nevertheless, both F. philomiragia and F. novicida have been associated with human disease, primarily in immune-compromised individuals. To understand the genetic relationships and evolutionary contexts among different lineages within the genus Francisella, the genome of Francisella spp. strain TX07-7308 was sequenced and compared to the genomes of F. philomiragia strains ATCC 25017 and 25015, F. novicida strain U112, and F. tularensis strain Schu S4. Results: The size of strain ATCC 25017 chromosome was 2,045,775 bp and contained 1,983 protein-coding genes. The size of strain TX07-7308 chromosome was 2,035,931 bp and contained 1,980 protein-coding genes. Pairwise BLAST comparisons indicated that strains TX07-7308 and ATCC 25017 contained 1,700 protein coding genes in common. NUCmer analyses revealed that the chromosomes of strains TX07-7308 and ATCC 25017 were mostly collinear except for a few gaps, translocations, and/or inversions. Using the genome sequence data and comparative analyses with other members of the genus Francisella (e. g., F. novicida strain U112 and F. tularensis strain Schu S4), several strain-specific genes were identified. Strains TX07-7308 and ATCC 25017 contained an operon with six open reading frames encoding proteins related to enzymes involved in thiamine biosynthesis that was absent in F. novicida strain U112 and F. tularensis strain Schu S4. Strain ATCC 25017 contained an operon putatively involved in lactose metabolism that was absent in strain TX07-7308, F. novicida strain U112, and F. tularensis strain Schu S4. In contrast, strain TX07-7308 contained an operon putatively involved in glucuronate metabolism that was absent in the genomes of strain ATCC 25017, F. novicida strain U112, and F. tularensis strain Schu S4. The polymorphic nature of polysaccharide biosynthesis/modification gene clusters among different Francisella strains was also evident from genome analyses. Conclusions: From genome comparisons, it appeared that genes encoding novel functions have contributed to the metabolic enrichment of the environmental lineages within the genus Francisella. The inability to acquire new genes coupled with the loss of ancestral traits and the consequent reductive evolution may be a cause for, as well as an effect of, niche selection of F. tularensis. Sequencing and comparison of the genomes of more isolates are required to obtain further insights into the ecology and evolution of different species within the genus Francisella. C1 [Siddaramappa, Shivakumara; Challacombe, Jean F.; Kuske, Cheryl R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Petersen, Jeannine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Pillai, Segaran] Dept Homeland Secur, Chem & Biol Div, Sci & Technol Directorate, Washington, DC USA. RP Kuske, CR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kuske@lanl.gov FU United States Department of Homeland Security (Chemical and Biological Division, Science and Technology Directorate) through an Interagency Agreement [HSHQDC-08-X-00790]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was funded by the United States Department of Homeland Security (Chemical and Biological Division, Science and Technology Directorate) through an Interagency Agreement (grant number HSHQDC-08-X-00790) and by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors wish to thank Ms. Karen Davenport and other members of the Genome Sequencing and Finishing Team at the Los Alamos National Laboratory for help with sequencing strain TX07-7308. NR 101 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD AUG 24 PY 2012 VL 13 AR 422 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-13-422 PG 17 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 024BJ UT WOS:000310082300001 PM 22920915 ER PT J AU Feikin, DR Njenga, MK Bigogo, G Aura, B Aol, G Audi, A Jagero, G Muluare, PO Gikunju, S Nderitu, L Balish, A Winchell, J Schneider, E Erdman, D Oberste, MS Katz, MA Breiman, RF AF Feikin, Daniel R. Njenga, M. Kariuki Bigogo, Godfrey Aura, Barrack Aol, George Audi, Allan Jagero, Geoffrey Muluare, Peter Ochieng Gikunju, Stella Nderitu, Leonard Balish, Amanda Winchell, Jonas Schneider, Eileen Erdman, Dean Oberste, M. Steven Katz, Mark A. Breiman, Robert F. TI Etiology and Incidence of Viral and Bacterial Acute Respiratory Illness among Older Children and Adults in Rural Western Kenya, 2007-2010 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HIV-INFECTED ADULTS; COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; REAL-TIME PCR; LATENT-CLASS-ANALYSIS; HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN; SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; MYCOPLASMA-PNEUMONIAE; TRACT INFECTIONS; HUMAN BOCAVIRUS; UGANDAN ADULTS AB Background: Few comprehensive data exist on disease incidence for specific etiologies of acute respiratory illness (ARI) in older children and adults in Africa. Methodology/Principal Findings: From March 1, 2007, to February 28, 2010, among a surveillance population of 21,420 persons >5 years old in rural western Kenya, we collected blood for culture and malaria smears, nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs for quantitative real-time PCR for ten viruses and three atypical bacteria, and urine for pneumococcal antigen testing on outpatients and inpatients meeting a ARI case definition (cough or difficulty breathing or chest pain and temperature >38.0 degrees C or oxygen saturation <90% or hospitalization). We also collected swabs from asymptomatic controls, from which we calculated pathogen-attributable fractions, adjusting for age, season, and HIV-status, in logistic regression. We calculated incidence by pathogen, adjusting for health-seeking for ARI and pathogen-attributable fractions. Among 3,406 ARI patients >5 years old (adjusted annual incidence 12.0 per 100 person-years), influenza A virus was the most common virus (22% overall; 11% inpatients, 27% outpatients) and Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common bacteria (16% overall; 23% inpatients, 14% outpatients), yielding annual incidences of 2.6 and 1.7 episodes per 100 person-years, respectively. Influenza A virus, influenza B virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus were more prevalent in swabs among cases (22%, 6%, 8% and 5%, respectively) than controls. Adenovirus, parainfluenza viruses, rhinovirus/enterovirus, parechovirus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae were not more prevalent among cases than controls. Pneumococcus and non-typhi Salmonella were more prevalent among HIV-infected adults, but prevalence of viruses was similar among HIV-infected and HIV-negative individuals. ARI incidence was highest during peak malaria season. Conclusions/Signficance: Vaccination against influenza and pneumococcus (by potential herd immunity from childhood vaccination or of HIV-infected adults) might prevent much of the substantial ARI incidence among persons >5 years old in similar rural African settings. C1 [Feikin, Daniel R.; Njenga, M. Kariuki; Bigogo, Godfrey; Aura, Barrack; Aol, George; Audi, Allan; Jagero, Geoffrey; Muluare, Peter Ochieng; Gikunju, Stella; Nderitu, Leonard; Breiman, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect Div, Int Emerging Infect Program, Kisumu, Kenya. [Feikin, Daniel R.; Njenga, M. Kariuki; Bigogo, Godfrey; Aura, Barrack; Aol, George; Audi, Allan; Jagero, Geoffrey; Muluare, Peter Ochieng; Gikunju, Stella; Nderitu, Leonard; Katz, Mark A.; Breiman, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Med Res Inst, Publ Hlth & Res Collaborat, Kisumu, Kenya. [Balish, Amanda; Winchell, Jonas; Schneider, Eileen; Erdman, Dean; Oberste, M. Steven; Katz, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Feikin, DR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect Div, Int Emerging Infect Program, Kisumu, Kenya. EM dfeikin@jhsph.edu FU Core Funding of the International Emerging Infections Program of CDC FX The funding for this project is from Core Funding of the International Emerging Infections Program of CDC. The findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 68 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 24 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e43656 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0043656 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 998GM UT WOS:000308225500073 PM 22937071 ER PT J AU Wang, RJ Jian, FC Zhang, LX Ning, CS Liu, AQ Zhao, JF Feng, YY Qi, M Wang, HL Lv, CC Zhao, GH Xiao, LH AF Wang, Rongjun Jian, Fuchun Zhang, Longxian Ning, Changshen Liu, Aiqin Zhao, Jinfeng Feng, Yaoyu Qi, Meng Wang, Helei Lv, Chaochao Zhao, Guanghui Xiao, Lihua TI Multilocus Sequence Subtyping and Genetic Structure of Cryptosporidium muris and Cryptosporidium andersoni SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; POPULATION STRUCTURES; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; NATURAL INFECTION; APICOMPLEXA; PREVALENCE; GENOTYPE; HUMANS; KENYA; IDENTIFICATION AB In this study, nine C. muris and 43 C. andersoni isolates from various animals in China were subtyped by a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) tool. DNA sequence analyses showed the presence of 1-2 subtypes of C. muris and 2-6 subtypes of C. andersoni at each of the four loci (MS1, MS2, MS3, and MS16), nine of which represented new subtypes. Altogether, two C. muris and 10 C. andersoni MLST subtypes were detected. Linkage disequilibrium analysis indicated although the overall population structure of the two parasites was clonal, the Chinese C. andersoni in cattle has an epidemic structure. Three and two clusters were produced in the C. muris and C. andersoni populations by Structure 2.3.3 analysis, with Chinese C. muris and C. andersoni substructures differing from other countries. Thus, this study suggested the prevalence of C. andersoni in China is not attributed to the introduction of dairy cattle. More studies involving more genetic loci and systematic sampling are needed to better elucidate the population genetic structure of C. muris and C. andersoni in the world and the genetic basis for the difference in host specificity among the two most common gastric parasites. C1 [Wang, Rongjun; Jian, Fuchun; Zhang, Longxian; Ning, Changshen; Zhao, Jinfeng; Qi, Meng; Wang, Helei; Lv, Chaochao] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China. [Liu, Aiqin] Harbin Med Univ, Dept Parasitol, Harbin, Peoples R China. [Feng, Yaoyu] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resource & Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Guanghui] NW A&F Univ, Coll Vet Med, Yangling, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wang, RJ (reprint author), Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China. EM zhanglx8999@yahoo.com.cn; lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Feng, Yaoyu/B-3076-2014 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31172311, 31101805]; Key National Science and Technology Specific Projects [2012ZX10004220-001]; International Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [31110103901] FX The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31172311, 31101805)(http://www.nsfc.gov.cn/Portal0/default152.htm); the Key National Science and Technology Specific Projects (No. 2012ZX10004220-001)(http://www.nmp.gov.cn/); the International Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31110103901)(http://www.nsfc.gov.cn/Portal0/default152.htm). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 24 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e43782 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0043782 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 998GM UT WOS:000308225500096 PM 22937094 ER PT J AU Halsey, NA Edwards, KM Dekker, CL Klein, NP Baxter, R LaRussa, P Marchant, C Slade, B Vellozzi, C AF Halsey, Neal A. Edwards, Kathryn M. Dekker, Cornelia L. Klein, Nicola P. Baxter, Roger LaRussa, Philip Marchant, Colin Slade, Barbara Vellozzi, Claudia CA Causality Working Grp Clinical TI Algorithm to assess causality after individual adverse events following immunizations SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Vaccines; Adverse events; Vaccine safety; Causality; Algorithm ID INFANT-DEATH-SYNDROME; FEVER VACCINE VIRUS; REPORTING SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; PARALYTIC POLIOMYELITIS; VARICELLA VACCINE; PERTUSSIS-VACCINE; SAFETY; DISEASE; ALLERGY AB Assessing individual reports of adverse events following immunizations (AEFI) can be challenging. Most published reviews are based on expert opinions, but the methods and logic used to arrive at these opinions are neither well described nor understood by many health care providers and scientists. We developed a standardized algorithm to assist in collecting and interpreting data, and to help assess causality after individual AEFI. Key questions that should be asked during the assessment of AEFI include: Is the diagnosis of the AEFI correct? Does clinical or laboratory evidence exist that supports possible causes for the AEFI other than the vaccine in the affected individual? Is there a known causal association between the AEFI and the vaccine? Is there strong evidence against a causal association? Is there a specific laboratory test implicating the vaccine in the pathogenesis? An algorithm can assist with addressing these questions in a standardized, transparent manner which can be tracked and reassessed if additional information becomes available. Examples in this document illustrate the process of using the algorithm to determine causality. As new epidemiologic and clinical data become available, the algorithm and guidelines will need to be modified. Feedback from users of the algorithm will be invaluable in this process. We hope that this algorithm approach can assist with educational efforts to improve the collection of key information on AEFI and provide a platform for teaching about causality assessment. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Halsey, Neal A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Inst Vaccine Safety, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Edwards, Kathryn M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Pediat, Vanderbilt Vaccine Res Program, Nashville, TN USA. [Dekker, Cornelia L.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Klein, Nicola P.; Baxter, Roger] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [LaRussa, Philip] Columbia Univ, Dept Pediat, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Marchant, Colin] Boston Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA USA. [Slade, Barbara; Vellozzi, Claudia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Halsey, NA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Inst Vaccine Safety, 615N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM tproveau@jhsph.edu FU America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2002-00732] FX Tina Proveaux provided editorial and technical support. Ketan Jumani provided technical support. This study was funded through a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP) under contract 200-2002-00732 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 50 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 24 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 39 BP 5791 EP 5798 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.04.005 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 000JG UT WOS:000308382000016 PM 22507656 ER PT J AU Perou, R Elliott, MN Visser, SN Claussen, AH Scott, KG Beckwith, LH Howard, J Katz, LF Smith, DC AF Perou, Ruth Elliott, Marc N. Visser, Susanna N. Claussen, Angelika H. Scott, Keith G. Beckwith, Leila H. Howard, Judy Katz, Lynne F. Smith, D. Camille TI Legacy for Children (TM): a pair of randomized controlled trials of a public health model to improve developmental outcomes among children in poverty SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN FAMILIES; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; SOCIAL SUPPORT; DEVELOPMENT-PROGRAM; EARLY INTERVENTION; INFANT-HEALTH; EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION; PREMATURE-INFANTS; RISK CHILDREN; FOLLOW-UP AB Background: One in five Americans under age 18 lives in a family below the Federal poverty threshold. These more than 15 million children are at increased risk of a wide variety of adverse long-term health and developmental outcomes. The early years of life are critical to short-and long-term health and well-being. The Legacy for Children (TM) model was developed in response to this need and marries the perspectives of epidemiology and public health to developmental psychology theory in order to better address the needs of children at environmental risk for poor developmental outcomes. Methods/design: The Legacy for Children (TM) group-based parenting intervention model was evaluated as a pair of randomized controlled trials among low-income families in Miami and Los Angeles. The study was designed to allow for site-stratified analysis in order to evaluate each model implementation separately. Evaluation domains include comprehensive assessments of family, maternal, and child characteristics, process outcomes, and prospective programmatic cost. Data collection began prenatally or at birth and continues into school-age. Discussion: The societal costs of poor developmental outcomes are substantial. A concerted effort from multiple sectors and disciplines, including public health, is necessary to address these societal concerns. Legacy uses a public health model to engage parents and promote overall child well-being in families in poverty through rigorous evaluation methodologies and evidence-based intervention strategies. This study collects rich and modular information on maternal and child outcomes, process, and cost that will enable a detailed understanding of how Legacy works, how it can be refined and improved, and how it can be translated and disseminated. Taken together, these results will inform public policy and help to address issues of health disparities among at-risk populations. C1 [Perou, Ruth; Visser, Susanna N.; Claussen, Angelika H.; Smith, D. Camille] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Elliott, Marc N.] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. [Scott, Keith G.; Katz, Lynne F.] Univ Miami, Linda Ray Intervent Ctr, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Beckwith, Leila H.; Howard, Judy] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Perou, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rperou@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under University of Miami [200-1998-0110]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under University of California at Los Angeles [200-1998-0111]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under RTI International [200-94-0828] FX The Legacy for Children (TM) trials and their evaluation were sponsored and directed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under contracts with the University of Miami (200-1998-0110), the University of California at Los Angeles (200-1998-0111), and RTI International (200-94-0828). NR 73 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD AUG 23 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 691 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-12-691 PG 22 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 074OG UT WOS:000313821400001 PM 22917446 ER PT J AU Schuster, MA Elliott, MN Kanouse, DE Wallander, JL Tortolero, SR Ratner, JA Klein, DJ Cuccaro, PM Davies, SL Banspach, SW AF Schuster, Mark A. Elliott, Marc N. Kanouse, David E. Wallander, Jan L. Tortolero, Susan R. Ratner, Jessica A. Klein, David J. Cuccaro, Paula M. Davies, Susan L. Banspach, Stephen W. TI Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities among Fifth-Graders in Three Cities SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL-SURVEY; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; US CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; SMOKING; OBESITY; RACE; CONSEQUENCES; VIOLENCE AB BACKGROUND For many health-related behaviors and outcomes, racial and ethnic disparities among adolescents are well documented, but less is known about health-related disparities during preadolescence. METHODS We studied 5119 randomly selected public-school fifth-graders and their parents in three metropolitan areas in the United States. We examined differences among black, Latino, and white children on 16 measures, including witnessing of violence, peer victimization, perpetration of aggression, seat-belt use, bike-helmet use, substance use, discrimination, terrorism worries, vigorous exercise, obesity, and self-rated health status and psychological and physical quality of life. We tested potential mediators of racial and ethnic disparities (i.e., sociodemographic characteristics and the child's school) using partially adjusted models. RESULTS There were significant differences between black children and white children for all 16 measures and between Latino children and white children for 12 of 16 measures, although adjusted analyses reduced many of these disparities. For example, in un-adjusted analysis, the rate of witnessing a threat or injury with a gun was higher among blacks (20%) and Latinos (11%) than among whites (5%), and the number of days per week on which the student performed vigorous exercise was lower among blacks (3.56 days) and Latinos (3.77 days) than among whites (4.33 days) (P<0.001 for all comparisons). After statistical adjustment, these differences were reduced by about half between blacks and whites and were eliminated between Latinos and whites. Household income, household highest education level, and the child's school were the most substantial mediators of racial and ethnic disparities. CONCLUSIONS We found that harmful health behaviors, experiences, and outcomes were more common among black children and Latino children than among white children. Adjustment for socioeconomic status and the child's school substantially reduced most of these differences. Interventions that address potentially detrimental consequences of low socioeconomic status and adverse school environments may help reduce racial and ethnic differences in child health. (Funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.) C1 [Schuster, Mark A.; Ratner, Jessica A.; Klein, David J.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Div Gen Pediat, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Schuster, Mark A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Schuster, Mark A.; Elliott, Marc N.; Kanouse, David E.] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. [Wallander, Jan L.] Univ Calif Merced, Ctr Excellence Hlth Dispar, Merced, CA USA. [Wallander, Jan L.] Univ Calif Merced, Hlth Sci Res Inst, Merced, CA USA. [Tortolero, Susan R.; Cuccaro, Paula M.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Res, Houston, TX USA. [Davies, Susan L.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Banspach, Stephen W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schuster, MA (reprint author), Boston Childrens Hosp, Div Gen Pediat, Dept Med, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM mark.schuster@childrens.harvard.edu OI Cuccaro, Paula/0000-0002-9551-4789 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CCU409679, CCU609653, CCU915773, U48DP000046, U48DP000057, U48DP000056, U19DP002663, U19DP002664, U19DP002665] FX Supported by cooperative agreements (CCU409679, CCU609653, CCU915773, U48DP000046, U48DP000057, U48DP000056, U19DP002663, U19DP002664, and U19DP002665) with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 49 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 24 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD AUG 23 PY 2012 VL 367 IS 8 BP 735 EP 745 DI 10.1056/NEJMsa1114353 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 992CX UT WOS:000307754200008 PM 22913683 ER PT J AU Jasuja, S Thompson, ND Peters, PJ Khudyakov, YE Patel, MT Linchangco, P Thai, HT Switzer, WM Shankar, A Heneine, W Hu, DJ Moorman, AC Gerber, SI AF Jasuja, Supriya Thompson, Nicola D. Peters, Philip J. Khudyakov, Yury E. Patel, Megan T. Linchangco, Purisima Thai, Hong T. Switzer, William M. Shankar, Anupama Heneine, Walid Hu, Dale J. Moorman, Anne C. Gerber, Susan I. TI Investigation of Hepatitis B Virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission among Severely Mentally Ill Residents at a Long Term Care Facility SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-BORNE INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; HIV; ILLNESS; HEALTH; RECOMMENDATIONS; OUTBREAK; ADULTS AB Background: A high prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections have been reported among persons with severe mental illness. In October, 2009, the Cook County Department of Public Health (CCDPH) initiated an investigation following notification of a cluster of HBV infections among mentally ill residents at a long term care facility (LTCF). Methods: LTCF staff were interviewed and resident medical records were reviewed. Residents were offered testing for HBV, HCV, and HIV. Serum specimens from residents diagnosed with HBV or HIV infection were sent to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for analysis. Results: Eleven newly diagnosed HBV infections were identified among mentally ill residents at the LTCF. Of these 11 infections, 4 serum specimens were available for complete HBV genome sequencing; all 4 genomes were found to be closely related. Four newly diagnosed HIV infections were identified within this same population. Upon molecular analysis, 2 of 4 HIV sequences from these new infections were found to be nearly identical and formed a tight phylogenetic cluster. Conclusions: HBV and HIV transmission was identified among mentally ill residents of this LTCF. Continued efforts are needed to prevent bloodborne pathogen transmission among mentally ill residents in LTCFs. C1 [Jasuja, Supriya; Patel, Megan T.; Linchangco, Purisima; Gerber, Susan I.] Cook Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Oak Forest, IL USA. [Thompson, Nicola D.; Khudyakov, Yury E.; Thai, Hong T.; Hu, Dale J.; Moorman, Anne C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Peters, Philip J.; Switzer, William M.; Shankar, Anupama; Heneine, Walid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jasuja, S (reprint author), Cook Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Oak Forest, IL USA. EM sjasuja@cookcountyhhs.org; sgerber@cookcountyhhs.org NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 22 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e43252 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0043252 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 999CI UT WOS:000308286300038 PM 22937026 ER PT J AU Cieslak, PR Britt, AS Hicks, L Conklin, L Van Beneden, C Garrison, LE Winchell, J Schneider, E Erdman, D Fry, A Jain, S Uyeki, T Finelli, L Lindstrom, S Clark, TA Tondella, ML Shieh, WJ Zaki, S Fleming-Dutra, KE AF Cieslak, Paul R. Britt, April S. Hicks, Lauri Conklin, Laura Van Beneden, Chris Garrison, Laurel E. Winchell, Jonas Schneider, Eileen Erdman, Dean Fry, Alicia Jain, Seema Uyeki, Tim Finelli, Lyn Lindstrom, Steve Clark, Thomas A. Tondella, Maria-Lucia Shieh, Wun-Ju Zaki, Sherif Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E. TI Unexplained Respiratory Disease Outbreak Working Group Activities-Worldwide, March 2007-September 2011 (Reprinted from MMWR vol 26, pg 480, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cieslak, Paul R.] Oregon Hlth Author, Portland, OR USA. RP Fleming-Dutra, KE (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ftu2@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 22 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 8 BP 754 EP 758 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 991ML UT WOS:000307705300007 ER PT J AU Knoeller, GE Mazurek, JM Moorman, JE AF Knoeller, Gretchen E. Mazurek, Jacek M. Moorman, Jeanne E. TI Work-Related Asthma-38 States and District of Columbia, 2006-2009 (Reprinted from MMWR vol 61, pg 375, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID MANAGEMENT C1 [Knoeller, Gretchen E.; Mazurek, Jacek M.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Moorman, Jeanne E.] CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Knoeller, GE (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM gknoeller@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 22 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 8 BP 758 EP 760 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 991ML UT WOS:000307705300008 ER PT J AU Uyeki, TM Nguyen, DC Rowe, T Lu, XH Hu-Primmer, J Huynh, LP Hang, NLK Katz, JM AF Uyeki, Timothy M. Nguyen, Doan C. Rowe, Thomas Lu, Xiuhua Hu-Primmer, Jean Huynh, Lien P. Hang, Nguyen L. K. Katz, Jacqueline M. TI Seroprevalence of Antibodies to Avian Influenza A (H5) and A (H9) Viruses among Market Poultry Workers, Hanoi, Vietnam, 2001 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HIGHLY PATHOGENIC H5N1; HONG-KONG; HUMAN INFECTION; RISK-FACTORS; CHINA; ILLNESS; VACCINE AB Background: The frequency of avian influenza A virus infections among poultry workers is not well understood. Methods: A seroprevalence study of market poultry workers and persons without occupational poultry exposure was conducted during 2001 in Hanoi, Vietnam. Sera were tested for avian influenza H5 and H9 antibodies by microneutralization and Western blot assays. Results: Seroprevalence of H5 and H9 antibodies was 4% and 3% in poultry workers and 1% and 3.5% in non-poultry workers, respectively. Conclusions: Seroprevalence of H5 and H9 antibodies was low among Hanoi market poultry workers in 2001, but can serve as a baseline for additional studies. C1 [Uyeki, Timothy M.; Rowe, Thomas; Lu, Xiuhua; Hu-Primmer, Jean; Katz, Jacqueline M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Nguyen, Doan C.; Huynh, Lien P.; Hang, Nguyen L. K.] Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Dept Virol, Minist Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam. RP Uyeki, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM tuyeki@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). CDC staff were involved in study design, data collection and analysis, preparation of the manuscript, and decision to publish. No other external funding was received. NR 29 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 21 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e43948 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0043948 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 992PA UT WOS:000307789700054 PM 22928049 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Davis, WG Sambhara, S Jacob, J AF Kim, Jin Hyang Davis, William G. Sambhara, Suryaprakash Jacob, Joshy TI Strategies to alleviate original antigenic sin responses to influenza viruses SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE cross-reactivity; antigen presentation; memory T-cell activation ID HAPTEN-SPECIFIC SUPPRESSION; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; VACCINE ADJUVANTS; DENDRITIC CELLS; MF59-ADJUVANTED VACCINE; IMMUNOSTIMULATORY DNA; BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; B-CELLS; CARRIER; MATURATION AB Original antigenic sin is a phenomenon wherein sequential exposure to closely related influenza virus variants reduces antibody (Ab) response to novel antigenic determinants in the second strain and, consequently, impairs the development of immune memory. This could pose a risk to the development of immune memory in persons previously infected with or vaccinated against influenza. Here, we explored strategies to overcome original antigenic sin responses in mice sequentially exposed to two closely related hemagglutinin 1 neuraminidase 1 (H1N1) influenza strains A/PR/8/34 and A/FM/1/47. We found that dendritic cell-activating adjuvants [Bordetella pertussis toxin (PT) or CpG ODN or a squalene-based oil-in-water nanoemulsion (NE)], upon administration during the second viral exposure, completely protected mice from a lethal challenge and enhanced neutralizing-Ab titers against the second virus. Interestingly, PT and NE adjuvants when administered during the first immunization even prevented original antigenic sin in subsequent immunization without any adjuvants. As an alternative to using adjuvants, we also found that repeated immunization with the second viral strain relieved the effects of original antigenic sin. Taken together, our studies provide at least three ways of overcoming original antigenic sin. C1 [Kim, Jin Hyang; Jacob, Joshy] Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Ctr, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Davis, William G.; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunol & Pathogenesis Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Jacob, J (reprint author), Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Ctr, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM joshy.jacob@emory.edu FU National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [HHSN266 200700006C] FX We thank members of the J.J. laboratory for helpful discussions and Mrs. Leela Thomas for excellent mouse colony management. This research was supported by National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Contract HHSN266 200700006C. J.J. is a research scholar of the American Cancer Society. NR 36 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 6 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 21 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 34 BP 13751 EP 13756 DI 10.1073/pnas.0912458109 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 996KJ UT WOS:000308085200062 PM 22869731 ER PT J AU Aamir, UB Badar, N Mehmood, MR Nisar, N Suleman, RM Shaukat, S Sharif, S Kamran, J Zaidi, SSZ Kazi, BM Gubareva, L Xu, XY Garten, R Klimov, A AF Aamir, Uzma Bashir Badar, Nazish Mehmood, Muhammad Rashid Nisar, Nadia Suleman, Rana Muhammad Shaukat, Shehzad Sharif, Salman Kamran, Jaleel Zaidi, Syed Sohail Zahoor Kazi, Birjees Mazher Gubareva, Larisa Xu, Xiyan Garten, Rebecca Klimov, Alexander TI Molecular Epidemiology of Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Viruses from Pakistan in 2009-2010 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID A H1N1 VIRUS; SWINE; EMERGENCE; HUMANS AB Background: In early 2009, a novel influenza A(H1N1) virus that emerged in Mexico and United States rapidly disseminated worldwide. The spread of this virus caused considerable morbidity with over 18000 recorded deaths. The new virus was found to be a reassortant containing gene segments from human, avian and swine influenza viruses. Methods/Results: The first case of human infection with A(H1N1)pdm09 in Pakistan was detected on 18th June 2009. Since then, 262 laboratory-confirmed cases have been detected during various outbreaks with 29 deaths (as of 31st August 2010). The peak of the epidemic was observed in December with over 51% of total respiratory cases positive for influenza. Representative isolates from Pakistan viruses were sequenced and analyzed antigenically. Sequence analysis of genes coding for surface glycoproteins HA and NA showed high degree of high levels of sequence identity with corresponding genes of regional viruses circulating South East Asia. All tested viruses were sensitive to Oseltamivir in the Neuraminidase Inhibition assays. Conclusions: Influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 viruses from Pakistan form a homogenous group of viruses. Their HA genes belong to clade 7 and show antigenic profile similar to the vaccine strain A/California/07/2009. These isolates do not show any amino acid changes indicative of high pathogenicity and virulence. It is imperative to continue monitoring of these viruses for identification of potential variants of high virulence or drug resistance. C1 [Aamir, Uzma Bashir; Badar, Nazish; Mehmood, Muhammad Rashid; Nisar, Nadia; Suleman, Rana Muhammad; Shaukat, Shehzad; Sharif, Salman; Zaidi, Syed Sohail Zahoor] Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Virol, Publ Hlth Labs Div, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Gubareva, Larisa; Xu, Xiyan; Garten, Rebecca; Klimov, Alexander] Ctr Dis Control, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Aamir, UB (reprint author), Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Virol, Publ Hlth Labs Div, Islamabad, Pakistan. EM sohail.zaidi56@gmail.com RI Zaidi, Syed Sohail Zahoor/F-7432-2015 FU NIH-CDC [U50/CCU024406] FX This work was supported under the NIH-CDC cooperative agreement no. U50/CCU024406 for Development Influenza Surveillance Network in Pakistan. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 20 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e41866 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0041866 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 991WJ UT WOS:000307733800013 ER PT J AU Giovino, GA Mirza, SA Samet, JM Gupta, PC Jarvis, MJ Bhala, N Peto, R Zatonski, W Hsia, J Morton, J Palipudi, KM Asma, S AF Giovino, Gary A. Mirza, Sara A. Samet, Jonathan M. Gupta, Prakash C. Jarvis, Martin J. Bhala, Neeraj Peto, Richard Zatonski, Witold Hsia, Jason Morton, Jeremy Palipudi, Krishna M. Asma, Samira CA GATS Collaborative Grp TI Tobacco use in 3 billion individuals from 16 countries: an analysis of nationally representative cross-sectional household surveys SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID SMOKING AB Background Despite the high global burden of diseases caused by tobacco, valid and comparable prevalence data for patterns of adult tobacco use and factors influencing use are absent for many low-income and middle-income countries. We assess these patterns through analysis of data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS). Methods Between Oct 1, 2008, and March 15, 2010, GATS used nationally representative household surveys with comparable methods to obtain relevant information from individuals aged 15 years or older in 14 low-income and middle-income countries (Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Egypt, India, Mexico, Philippines, Poland, Russia, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, and Vietnam). We compared weighted point estimates and 95% CIs of tobacco use between these 14 countries and with data from the 2008 UK General Lifestyle Survey and the 2006-07 US Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey. All these surveys had cross-sectional study designs. Findings In countries participating in GATS, 48.6% (95% CI 47.6-49.6) of men and 11.3% (10.7-12.0) of women were tobacco users. 40.7% of men (ranging from 21.6% in Brazil to 60.2% in Russia) and 5.0% of women (0.5% in Egypt to 24.4% in Poland) in GATS countries smoked a tobacco product. Manufactured cigarettes were favoured by most smokers (82%) overall, but smokeless tobacco and bidis were commonly used in India and Bangladesh. For individuals who had ever smoked daily, women aged 55-64 years at the time of the survey began smoking at an older age than did equivalently aged men in most GATS countries. However, those individuals who had ever smoked daily and were aged 25-34-years when surveyed started to do so at much the same age in both sexes. Quit ratios were very low (<20% overall) in China, India, Russia, Egypt, and Bangladesh. Interpretation The first wave of GATS showed high rates of smoking in men, early initiation of smoking in women, and low quit ratios, reinforcing the view that efforts to prevent initiation and promote cessation of tobacco use are needed to reduce associated morbidity and mortality. C1 [Giovino, Gary A.] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Community Hlth & Hlth Behav, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. [Mirza, Sara A.; Hsia, Jason; Morton, Jeremy; Palipudi, Krishna M.; Asma, Samira] CDCP, Global Tobacco Control Branch, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] Univ So Calif, Inst Global Hlth, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Gupta, Prakash C.] Healis Sekhsaria Inst Publ Hlth, Cbd Belapur Navi Mumbai, India. [Jarvis, Martin J.] UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London, England. [Bhala, Neeraj] Univ Oxford, Epidemiol Studies Unit, Oxford, England. [Bhala, Neeraj] Univ Oxford, Clin Trial Serv Unit, Oxford, England. [Zatonski, Witold] Inst Oncol, Warsaw, Poland. [Zatonski, Witold] Maria Sklodowska Curie Mem Canc Ctr, Dept Canc Epidemiol & Prevent, Warsaw, Poland. [Zatonski, Witold] Inst Rural Hlth, European Hlth Inequal Observ, Lublin, Poland. RP Giovino, GA (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Community Hlth & Hlth Behav, 310 Kimball Tower, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. EM ggiovino@buffalo.edu RI Andreeva, Tatiana/G-6306-2010; Malta, Deborah/H-7880-2012; Jarvis, Martin/B-1034-2008 OI Andreeva, Tatiana/0000-0001-5663-6225; Malta, Deborah/0000-0002-8214-5734; Jarvis, Martin/0000-0001-9238-8038 FU Bloomberg Philanthropies' Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; Brazilian Government; Indian Government; CDC Foundation; British Government; US Government (National Cancer Institute); US Government (CDC) FX Bloomberg Philanthropies' Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Brazilian and Indian Governments.; The views expressed in this Article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Global Adult Tobacco Survey partner organisations. Technical assistance was provided by the US CDC, Regional Offices of WHO, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and RTI International. Programme support was provided by the CDC Foundation. The General Lifestyle Survey was funded by the British Government. The Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey was sponsored by the US Government (National Cancer Institute and CDC). GAG, JMS, PCG, and WZ were supported by the CDC Foundation. RP, NB, and MJJ received no outside funding for their work on this project. SAM, JH, KMP, and SA are employees of the US Government (CDC). JM is a contractor to CDC. We are particularly grateful to Glenda Blutcher-Nelson (contractor to CDC) for programming and analyses of GATS datasets, Angela Trosclair (CDC) for programming and analysis of the US Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey datasets, Jessica Kulak (University at Buffalo, NY, USA) for assistance with editing and the creation of tables and figures, Jane Zanca (CDC, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion) for editorial comments, and Edward Rainey (contractor to CDC) for assistance with the creation of some figures. We thank the thousands of fieldworkers for their contributions and the survey respondents for their co-operation, without whom this work would not have been realised, and the members of the GATS Collaborative Group for all of their expertise and contributions. NR 39 TC 243 Z9 257 U1 2 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD AUG 18 PY 2012 VL 380 IS 9842 BP 668 EP 679 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 991SE UT WOS:000307721000032 PM 22901888 ER PT J AU Zeeshan, M Alam, MT Vinayak, S Bora, H Tyagi, RK Alam, MS Choudhary, V Mittra, P Lumb, V Bharti, PK Udhayakumar, V Singh, N Jain, V Singh, PP Sharma, YD AF Zeeshan, Mohammad Alam, Mohammad Tauqeer Vinayak, Sumiti Bora, Hema Tyagi, Rupesh Kumar Alam, Mohd Shoeb Choudhary, Vandana Mittra, Pooja Lumb, Vanshika Bharti, Praveen Kumar Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam Singh, Neeru Jain, Vidhan Singh, Pushpendra Pal Sharma, Yagya Dutta TI Genetic Variation in the Plasmodium falciparum Circumsporozoite Protein in India and Its Relevance to RTS,S Malaria Vaccine SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CELL EPITOPE POLYMORPHISMS; PHASE 2A TRIAL; NATURAL-SELECTION; CANDIDATE ANTIGENS; NAIVE ADULTS; DNA POLYMORPHISM; EXPANDED-PROGRAM; EFFICACY; SEQUENCE; SAFETY AB RTS,S is the most advanced malaria vaccine candidate, currently under phase-III clinical trials in Africa. This Plasmodium falciparum vaccine contains part of the central repeat region and the complete C-terminal T cell epitope region (Th2R and Th3R) of the circumsporozoite protein (CSP). Since naturally occurring polymorphisms at the vaccine candidate loci are critical determinants of the protective efficacy of the vaccines, it is imperative to investigate these polymorphisms in field isolates. In this study we have investigated the genetic diversity at the central repeat, C-terminal T cell epitope (Th2R and Th3R) and N-terminal T cell epitope regions of the CSP, in P. falciparum isolates from Madhya Pradesh state of India. These isolates were collected through a 5-year prospective study aimed to develop a well-characterized field-site for the future evaluation of malaria vaccine in India. Our results revealed that the central repeat (63 haplotypes, n = 161) and C-terminal Th2R/Th3R epitope (24 haplotypes, n = 179) regions were highly polymorphic, whereas N-terminal non-repeat region was less polymorphic (5 haplotypes, n = 161) in this population. We did not find any evidence of the role of positive natural selection in maintaining the genetic diversity at the Th2R/Th3R regions of CSP. Comparative analysis of the Th2R/Th3R sequences from this study to the global isolates (n = 1160) retrieved from the GenBank database revealed two important points. First, the majority of the sequences (similar to 61%, n = 179) from this study were identical to the Dd2/Indochina type, which is also the predominant Th2R/Th3R haplotype in Asia (similar to 59%, n = 974). Second, the Th2R/Th3R sequences in Asia, South America and Africa are geographically distinct with little allele sharing between continents. In conclusion, this study provides an insight on the existing polymorphisms in the CSP in a parasite population from India that could potentially influence the efficacy of RTS, S vaccine in this region. C1 [Zeeshan, Mohammad; Alam, Mohammad Tauqeer; Vinayak, Sumiti; Bora, Hema; Tyagi, Rupesh Kumar; Alam, Mohd Shoeb; Choudhary, Vandana; Mittra, Pooja; Lumb, Vanshika; Sharma, Yagya Dutta] All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Biotechnol, New Delhi 110029, India. [Bharti, Praveen Kumar; Singh, Neeru; Jain, Vidhan; Singh, Pushpendra Pal] Reg Med Res Ctr Tribals, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. [Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zeeshan, M (reprint author), All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Biotechnol, New Delhi 110029, India. EM ydsharma_aiims@yahoo.com RI Vinayak, Sumiti/F-9395-2013 FU Biotechnology Information System (BTIS) of the Department of Biotechnology at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences; Indian Council of Medical Research FX We are grateful to all patients who donated their blood samples for this study. We also acknowledge the supports provided by the Biotechnology Information System (BTIS) of the Department of Biotechnology at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, and Mrs. Shalini Narang during the preparation of this manuscript.; Financial support was provided by the Indian Council of Medical Research. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 17 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e43430 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0043430 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 996DG UT WOS:000308063700101 PM 22912873 ER PT J AU Gidudu, J Tokars, JI DeStefano, F AF Gidudu, Jane Tokars, Jerome I. DeStefano, Frank TI Additional, not additive SO VACCINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Gidudu, Jane; Tokars, Jerome I.; DeStefano, Frank] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Gidudu, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM JGidudu@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 17 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 38 BP 5590 EP 5590 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.03.078 PG 1 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 000JF UT WOS:000308381900005 PM 22465736 ER PT J AU Haynes, CA De Jesus, VR AF Haynes, Christopher A. De Jesus, Victor R. TI Improved analysis of C26:0-lysophosphatidylcholine in dried-blood spots via negative ion mode HPLC-ESI-MS/MS for X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy newborn screening SO CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Lysophosphatidylcholine; Dried-blood spots; Newborn screening; X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy; Peroxisomal biogenesis disorder ID HEMATOPOIETIC-CELL TRANSPLANTATION; MOUSE MODEL; AXONAL DEGENERATION; LORENZOS OIL; ADRENOMYELONEUROPATHY; DISORDERS; MUTATIONS AB Background: X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is the most common human peroxisomal disorder, and is caused by mutations in the peroxisomal transmembrane ALD protein (ALDP, ABCD1). The biochemical defect associated with X-ALD is an accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA, e.g. C24:0 and C26:0), which has been shown to result in the accumulation of C26:0-lysophosphatidylcholine (C26:0-LPC). Methods: We describe the analysis of C26:0-LPC in dried-blood spots (DBS) using a rapid (30 min) and simple extraction procedure, isocratic HPLC resolution of LPC, and structure-specific analysis via negative ion mode tandem mass spectrometry. Results: In putative normal DBS specimens from newborns (N = 223) C26:0-LPC was 0.09 +/- 0.03 mu mol/l whole blood, while in peroxisomal biogenesis disorder (including X-ALD) patients (N = 28) C26:0-LPC was 1.13 +/- 0.67 mu mol/l whole blood. Both multiple reaction monitoring and a neutral loss scan (225.1 Da) analysis of DBS were used to analyze LPC. Conclusions: Compared to a previous report of C26:0-LPC analysis in DBS, the method described here is simpler, faster, and more structure-specific for LPC with C26:0 acyl chains. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Haynes, Christopher A.; De Jesus, Victor R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening & Mol Biol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Haynes, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening & Mol Biol Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cph7@cdc.gov; foa5@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Anonymous, residual DBS from putative normal newborns were provided by Dr. Joseph Orsini (Wadsworth Center, New York Department of Health) and Maria del Pilar-Gonzalez (RCM Hereditary Disease Program, Puerto Rico), and anonymous, residual DBS from PBD patients (including X-ALD) were provided by Ann Moser (Kennedy Krieger institute, Baltimore MD). This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the Department of Energy and the CDC. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-8981 J9 CLIN CHIM ACTA JI Clin. Chim. Acta PD AUG 16 PY 2012 VL 413 IS 15-16 BP 1217 EP 1221 DI 10.1016/j.cca.2012.03.026 PG 5 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 960EH UT WOS:000305370300011 PM 22503909 ER PT J AU Pearce, BD Kruszon-Moran, D Jones, JL AF Pearce, Brad D. Kruszon-Moran, Deanna Jones, Jeffrey L. TI The Relationship Between Toxoplasma Gondii Infection and Mood Disorders in the Third National Health and Nutrition Survey SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE Bipolar disorder; C-reactive protein; dysthymia; major depression; neuroimmunology; Toxoplasma ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; BIPOLAR DISORDER; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; HOST BEHAVIOR; SCHIZOPHRENIA; BRAIN; SEROPREVALENCE; INDIVIDUALS; 1ST-EPISODE; DEPRESSION AB Background: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a neurotropic protozoan parasite that causes persistent infection in humans. A substantial literature suggests that schizophrenia is associated with increased seroprevalence of T. gondii, but a possible link of the parasite with mood disorders has not been as thoroughly investigated. Methods: We examined the association of Toxoplasma-specific immunoglobulin G results with mood disorder outcomes in 7440 respondents from the third National Health and Nutrition Survey, which is a nationally representative sample of the United States noninstitutionalized civilian population. Regression models were adjusted for numerous potential confounders, including tobacco smoking and C-reactive protein levels. Results: No statistically significant associations were found between T. gondii seroprevalence and a history of major depression (n = 574; adjusted odds ratio [OR]:.8; 95% confidence interval [CI]:.5-1.2), severe major depression (n = 515; adjusted OR:.8; 95% CI:.6-1.2), dysthymia (n = 548; adjusted OR: 1.1; 95% CI:.7-1.8), or dysthymia with comorbid major depression (n = 242, adjusted OR: 1.2; 95% CI:.6-2.4), all p values were > .05, including analysis stratified by gender. However, there was a significant relationship between T. gondii seroprevalence and bipolar disorder type I for respondents in which both manic and major depression symptoms were reported (n = 41; adjusted OR: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.2-4.8; p < .05). Conclusions: In a population-based sample, T. gondii seroprevalence is not elevated in unipolar mood disorders but is higher in a subset of respondents with a history of bipolar disorder type 1. C1 [Pearce, Brad D.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Jones, Jeffrey L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kruszon-Moran, Deanna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Pearce, BD (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 1518-002-3BB, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM bpearce@emory.edu FU National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development); March of Dimes; Emory Neuroscience Initiative FX Dr. Pearce reports grant support from the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development), The March of Dimes, and the Emory Neuroscience Initiative. We thank Sydney Hubbard M.P.H., and Drs. Erica Duncan, Bruce Jonas, and Patty Wilkins for helpful discussions. NR 37 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 8 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 72 IS 4 BP 290 EP 295 DI 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.01.003 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 980NA UT WOS:000306898800012 PM 22325983 ER PT J AU Glaser, CA Winter, K DuBray, K Harriman, K Uyeki, TM Sejvar, J Gilliam, S Louie, JK AF Glaser, Carol A. Winter, Kathleen DuBray, Kara Harriman, Kathleen Uyeki, Timothy M. Sejvar, James Gilliam, Sabrina Louie, Janice K. TI A Population-Based Study of Neurologic Manifestations of Severe Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in California SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ACUTE ENCEPHALOPATHY; A H1N1; FEBRILE SEIZURES; UNITED-STATES; REDUCED RISK; INFECTION; CHILDREN; COMPLICATIONS; VACCINATION; STROKE AB Background. Reported influenza-associated neurologic complications are generally limited to case series or case reports. We conducted a population-based study of neurologic manifestations associated with severe and fatal influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (2009 H1N1) cases. Methods. Medical records of patients with fatal or severe (hospitalized in intensive care unit) laboratory-confirmed 2009 H1N1 reported to the California Department of Public Health from 15 April 2009 through 31 December 2009 were reviewed to identify those with primary neurological manifestations. Cases with secondary neurologic manifestations (eg, hypoxia) were excluded. Primary influenza-associated neurologic complications (INCs) were classified into 4 groups: encephalopathy/encephalitis, seizures, meningitis, and other. Severe 2009 H1N1-associated neurologic incidence was calculated by using estimates of 2009 H1N1 illnesses in California. Results. Of 2069 reported severe or fatal 2009 H1N1 cases, 419 (20%) had neurologic manifestations. Of these, 77 (18%) met our definition of INCs: encephalopathy/encephalitis (n = 29), seizures (n = 44), meningitis (n = 3), and other (Guillain-Barre Syndrome) (n = 1). The median age was 9 years (range, 4 months-92 years); the highest rate of disease was among pediatric Asian/Pacific Islanders (12.79 per 1 000 000) compared with pediatric white, non-Hispanics (3.09 per 1 000 000), Hispanics (4.58 per 1 000 000), and blacks (6.57 per 1 000 000). The median length of stay (LOS) was 4 days (range, 1-142), and there were 4 fatalities. The estimated incidence of INCs was 1.2 per 100 000 symptomatic 2009 H1N1 illnesses. Conclusions. Influenza-associated neurologic complications were observed in 4% of patients with fatal or severe 2009 H1N1. They were observed most often in pediatric patients, and Asian/Pacific Islanders appear to be overrepresented compared with the California population. Most patients with INCs had a relatively short LOS, and there were few fatalities. C1 [Glaser, Carol A.; DuBray, Kara; Gilliam, Sabrina; Louie, Janice K.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Communicable Dis & Emergency Response Branch, Div Communicable Dis Control, Richmond, CA USA. [Winter, Kathleen; Harriman, Kathleen] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Immunizat Branch, Div Communicable Dis Control, Richmond, CA USA. [Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sejvar, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Glaser, CA (reprint author), Dept Publ Hlth, Communicable Dis & Emergency Response Branch, Div Communicable Dis, 850 Marina Bay Pkwy, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. EM carol.glaser@cdph.ca.gov RI DuBray, Kara/B-7463-2017 OI DuBray, Kara/0000-0002-5327-5791 NR 34 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 4 BP 514 EP 520 DI 10.1093/cid/cis454 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 977RQ UT WOS:000306682500009 PM 22573853 ER PT J AU Dailey, NJM Lee, N Fleischauer, AT Moore, ZS Alfano-Sobsey, E Breedlove, F Pierce, A Ledford, S Greene, S Gomez, GA Talkington, DF Sotir, MJ Hall, AJ Sweat, D AF Dailey, Natalie J. M. Lee, Nicole Fleischauer, Aaron T. Moore, Zack S. Alfano-Sobsey, Edie Breedlove, Frances Pierce, Andre Ledford, Sue Greene, Shermalyn Gomez, Gerardo A. Talkington, Deborah F. Sotir, Mark J. Hall, Aron J. Sweat, David TI Clostridium perfringens Infections Initially Attributed to Norovirus, North Carolina, 2010 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; OUTBREAKS; GASTROENTERITIS AB We investigated an outbreak initially attributed to norovirus; however, Clostridium perfringens toxicoinfection was subsequently confirmed. C. perfringens is an underrecognized but frequently observed cause of food-borne disease outbreaks. This investigation illustrates the importance of considering epidemiologic and laboratory data together when evaluating potential etiologic agents that might require unique control measures. C1 [Dailey, Natalie J. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fleischauer, Aaron T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gomez, Gerardo A.; Talkington, Deborah F.; Sotir, Mark J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hall, Aron J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dailey, Natalie J. M.; Lee, Nicole; Fleischauer, Aaron T.; Moore, Zack S.; Greene, Shermalyn; Sweat, David] N Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Raleigh, NC USA. [Alfano-Sobsey, Edie; Breedlove, Frances; Pierce, Andre; Ledford, Sue] Wake Cty Human Serv, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Dailey, NJM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, 615 N Wolfe St,W1015, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM ndailey@jhsph.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services; Wake County Human Services FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, and Wake County Human Services. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 4 BP 568 EP 570 DI 10.1093/cid/cis441 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 977RQ UT WOS:000306682500016 PM 22550114 ER PT J AU Desai, R Curns, AT Steiner, CA Tate, JE Patel, MM Parashar, UD AF Desai, Rishi Curns, Aaron T. Steiner, Claudia A. Tate, Jacqueline E. Patel, Manish M. Parashar, Umesh D. TI All-Cause Gastroenteritis and Rotavirus-Coded Hospitalizations Among US Children, 2000-2009 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; VACCINATION; SURVEILLANCE; DIARRHEA; DECLINE; IMPACT AB Background. Rotavirus vaccine was recommended for US infants in 2006. We estimated baseline prevaccine burden and monitored postvaccine trends in gastroenteritis-coded and rotavirus-coded hospitalizations among US children. Methods. We analyzed data from the State Inpatient Databases (SID) for 29-44 US states over a 10-year period (2000-2009) to calculate gastroenteritis and rotavirus-coded hospitalization rates by age group, sex, and region, among children <5 years of age. By extrapolating observed pre- and postvaccine gastroenteritis hospitalization rates to the US population <5 years and based on the 2009 cost of a diarrhea hospitalization, we estimated national reductions in diarrhea hospitalizations and associated treatment costs. Results. The prevaccine (2000-2006) annual average gastroenteritis-coded hospitalization rate among children <5 years of age was 74 per 10 000 (annual range, 71-82 per 10 000), and declined to 51 and 50 per 10 000 in 2008 and 2009, respectively (P < .001). The prevaccine (2000-2006) annual average rotavirus-coded hospitalization rate among children < 5 years of age was 15 per 10 000 (annual range, 13-18 per 10 000), and declined to 5 and 6 per 10 000 in 2008 and 2009, respectively (P < .001). The decreases in rotavirus-coded hospitalization rates in 2008 and 2009 compared with rates in prevaccine years were observed among all age groups and US regions. Nationally, during 2008 and 2009 combined, we estimated a reduction of approximately 77 000 diarrhea hospitalizations and approximately $242 million in hospital costs. Conclusions. Since implementation of the US rotavirus vaccination program, a marked reduction in diarrhea hospitalizations and related hospital charges has occurred among US children. C1 [Desai, Rishi; Curns, Aaron T.; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Patel, Manish M.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Steiner, Claudia A.] US Dept HHS, Healthcare Cost & Utilizat Project, Ctr Delivery Org & Markets, Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Rockville, MD USA. RP Desai, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rdesai1@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 4 BP E28 EP E34 DI 10.1093/cid/cis443 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 977RQ UT WOS:000306682500002 PM 22543022 ER PT J AU Abrams, EJ Simonds, RJ Modi, S Rivadeneira, E Vaz, P Kankasa, C Tindyebwa, D Phelps, BR Bowsky, S Teasdale, CA Koumans, E Ruff, AJ AF Abrams, Elaine J. Simonds, R. J. Modi, Surbhi Rivadeneira, Emilia Vaz, Paula Kankasa, Chipepo Tindyebwa, Denis Phelps, B. Ryan Bowsky, Sara Teasdale, Chloe A. Koumans, Emilia Ruff, Andrea J. TI PEPFAR Scale-up of Pediatric HIV Services: Innovations, Achievements, and Challenges SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE PEPFAR; pediatric; treatment; HIV ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; INFECTED CHILDREN; SOUTH-AFRICA; UNINFECTED CHILDREN; RURAL UGANDA; INFANTS BORN; MORTALITY AB HIV/AIDS has had a profound impact on children around the world since the start of the epidemic. There are currently 3.4 million children under the age of 15 years living with HIV globally, and more than 450,000 children currently receiving lifesaving antiretroviral treatment. This article describes efforts supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) to expand access to treatment for children living with HIV in high-burden countries. The article also highlights a series of case studies that illustrate the impact that the PEPFAR initiative has had on the pediatric HIV epidemic. Through its support of host governments and partner organizations, the PEPFAR initiative has expanded HIV testing and treatment for pregnant women to reduce vertical transmission of HIV, increased access to early infant diagnosis for HIV-exposed infants, improved training and resources for clinicians who provide pediatric care and antiretroviral treatment, and, through public-private partnerships with pharmaceutical manufacturers, helped increase the number of medications available for the treatment of HIV-infected children in resource-limited settings. C1 [Abrams, Elaine J.; Teasdale, Chloe A.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, ICAP, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Simonds, R. J.] Elizabeth Glaser Pediat AIDS Fdn, Washington, DC USA. [Modi, Surbhi; Rivadeneira, Emilia; Koumans, Emilia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vaz, Paula] Fundacao Ariel Glaser SIDA Pediat, Maputo, Mozambique. [Kankasa, Chipepo] Univ Teaching Hosp, Lusaka, Zambia. [Tindyebwa, Denis] African Network Care Children Affected AIDS, Kampala, Uganda. [Phelps, B. Ryan] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Bowsky, Sara] US Agcy Int Dev, Maputo, Mozambique. [Ruff, Andrea J.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Abrams, EJ (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, ICAP, 722 W 168th St,13th Floor, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM eja1@columbia.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 65 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 60 SU 3 BP S105 EP S112 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31825cf4f5 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 981TR UT WOS:000306994100009 PM 22797731 ER PT J AU Chi, BH Adler, MR Bolu, O Mbori-Ngacha, D Ekouevi, DK Gieselman, A Chipato, T Luo, CW Phelps, BR McClure, C Mofenson, LM Stringer, JSA AF Chi, Benjamin H. Adler, Michelle R. Bolu, Omotayo Mbori-Ngacha, Dorothy Ekouevi, Didier K. Gieselman, Anna Chipato, Tsungai Luo, Chewe Phelps, B. Ryan McClure, Craig Mofenson, Lynne M. Stringer, Jeffrey S. A. TI Progress, Challenges, and New Opportunities for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Under the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission; MTCT; PEPFAR; global response; HIV ID EARLY ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; SOUTH-AFRICA; PREGNANT-WOMEN; MALE CIRCUMCISION; INFECTED INFANTS; INCOME COUNTRIES; DOSE NEVIRAPINE; PROGRAMS AB In June 2011, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), and other collaborators outlined a transformative plan to virtually eliminate pediatric AIDS worldwide. The ambitious targets of this initiative included a 90% reduction in new pediatric HIV infections and a 50% reduction in HIV-related maternal mortality-all by 2015. PEPFAR has made an unprecedented commitment to the expansion and improvement of prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) services globally and is expected to play a critical role in reaching the virtual elimination target. To date, PEPFAR has been instrumental in the success of many national programs, including expanded coverage of PMTCT services, an enhanced continuum of care between PMTCT and HIV care and treatment, provision of more efficacious regimens for antiretroviral prophylaxis, design of innovative but simplified PMTCT approaches, and development of new strategies to evaluate program effectiveness. These accomplishments have been made through collaborative efforts with host governments, United Nations agencies, other donors (eg, the Global Fund for AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria), nongovernmental organizations, and private sector partners. To successfully meet the ambitious global targets to prevent new infant HIV infections, PEPFAR must continue to leverage the existing PMTCT platform, while developing innovative approaches to rapidly expand quality HIV services. PEPFAR must also carefully integrate PMTCT into the broader combination prevention agenda for HIV, so that real progress can be made toward an "AIDS-free generation" worldwide. C1 [Chi, Benjamin H.; Stringer, Jeffrey S. A.] Ctr Infect Dis Res Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. [Chi, Benjamin H.; Stringer, Jeffrey S. A.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Adler, Michelle R.; Bolu, Omotayo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Adler, Michelle R.; Gieselman, Anna] Off Global AIDS Coordinator, Washington, DC USA. [Mbori-Ngacha, Dorothy] UNICEF, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Ekouevi, Didier K.] Univ Bordeaux Segalen, INSERM, U897, Bordeaux, France. [Ekouevi, Didier K.] Programme PAC CI, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Chipato, Tsungai] Univ Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe. [Luo, Chewe; McClure, Craig] UNICEF, New York, NY USA. [Phelps, B. Ryan] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Mofenson, Lynne M.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. RP Chi, BH (reprint author), Plot 1275 Lubutu Rd,POB 34681, Lusaka, Zambia. EM bchi@cidrz.org RI EKOUEVI, Didier/E-7960-2014; OI Mofenson, Lynne/0000-0002-2818-9808 NR 82 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 20 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 60 SU 3 BP S78 EP S87 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31825f3284 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 981TR UT WOS:000306994100006 PM 22797744 ER PT J AU El-Sadr, WM Holmes, CB Mugyenyi, P Thirumurthy, H Ellerbrock, T Ferris, R Sanne, I Asiimwe, A Hirnschall, G Nkambule, RN Stabinski, L Affrunti, M Teasdale, C Zulu, I Whiteside, A AF El-Sadr, Wafaa M. Holmes, Charles B. Mugyenyi, Peter Thirumurthy, Harsha Ellerbrock, Tedd Ferris, Robert Sanne, Ian Asiimwe, Anita Hirnschall, Gottfried Nkambule, Rejoice N. Stabinski, Lara Affrunti, Megan Teasdale, Chloe Zulu, Isaac Whiteside, Alan TI Scale-up of HIV Treatment Through PEPFAR: A Historic Public Health Achievement SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; TREATMENT PROGRAMS; ECONOMIC-IMPACT; WESTERN KENYA; AFRICA; OUTCOMES; CARE; HIV/AIDS; COHORT; ADHERENCE AB Since its inception in 2003, the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) has been an important driving force behind the global scale-up of HIV care and treatment services, particularly in expansion of access to antiretroviral therapy. Despite initial concerns about cost and feasibility, PEPFAR overcame challenges by leveraging and coordinating with other funders, by working in partnership with the most affected countries, by supporting local ownership, by using a public health approach, by supporting task-shifting strategies, and by paying attention to health systems strengthening. As of September 2011, PEPFAR directly supported initiation of antiretroviral therapy for 3.9 million people and provided care and support for nearly 13 million people. Benefits in terms of prevention of morbidity and mortality have been reaped by those receiving the services, with evidence of societal benefits beyond the anticipated clinical benefits. However, much remains to be accomplished to achieve universal access, to enhance the quality of programs, to ensure retention of patients in care, and to continue to strengthen health systems. C1 [El-Sadr, Wafaa M.; Affrunti, Megan; Teasdale, Chloe] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, ICAP, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Holmes, Charles B.; Stabinski, Lara] Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, Washington, DC USA. [Mugyenyi, Peter] Joint Clin Res Ctr, Kampala, Uganda. [Thirumurthy, Harsha] Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Ellerbrock, Tedd] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ferris, Robert] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Sanne, Ian] Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Asiimwe, Anita] Rwanda Biomed Ctr, Kigali, Rwanda. [Hirnschall, Gottfried] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Nkambule, Rejoice N.] Minist Hlth, Mbabane, Swaziland. [Zulu, Isaac] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lusaka, Zambia. [Whiteside, Alan] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Hlth Econ & HIV AIDS Res Div, Durban, South Africa. RP El-Sadr, WM (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, ICAP, 722 W 168th St,13th Floor, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM wme1@columbia.edu FU PEPFAR FX WES, PM, HT, IS, AS, GH, RNN, MA, CT are employed by organizations that have received funding support from PEPFAR. CH, TB, RF, LS, IZ work for PEPFAR-supported US Government agencies. NR 50 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 12 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 60 SU 3 BP S96 EP S104 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31825eb27b PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 981TR UT WOS:000306994100008 PM 22797746 ER PT J AU Howard, AA Gasana, M Getahun, H Harries, A Lawn, SD Miller, B Nelson, L Sitienei, J Coggin, WL AF Howard, Andrea A. Gasana, Michel Getahun, Haileyesus Harries, Anthony Lawn, Stephen D. Miller, Bess Nelson, Lisa Sitienei, Joseph Coggin, William L. TI PEPFAR Support for the Scaling Up of Collaborative TB/HIV Activities SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; HIV/AIDS; President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief; sub-Saharan Africa; collaborative TB/HIV activities ID ISONIAZID PREVENTIVE THERAPY; HIV-ASSOCIATED TUBERCULOSIS; RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT; IMPLEMENTATION MODELS; INFECTED PATIENTS; SOUTH-AFRICA; TB PATIENTS; CHALLENGES AB The US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) has supported a comprehensive package of care in which interventions to address HIV-related tuberculosis (TB) have received increased funding and support in recent years. PEPFAR's TB/HIV programming is based on the World Health Organization's 12-point policy for collaborative TB/HIV activities, which are integrated into PEPFAR annual guidance. PEPFAR implementing partners have provided crucial support to TB/HIV collaboration, and as a result, PEPFAR-supported countries in sub-Saharan Africa have made significant gains in HIV testing and counseling of TB patients and linkages to HIV care and treatment, intensified TB case finding, and TB infection control. PEPFAR's support of TB/HIV integration has also included significant investment in health systems, including improved laboratory services and educating and enlarging the workforce. The scale-up of antiretroviral therapy along with support of programs to increase HIV counseling and testing and improve linkage and retention in HIV care may have considerable impact on TB morbidity and mortality, if used synergistically with isoniazid preventive therapy, intensified case finding, and infection control. Issues to be addressed by future programming include accelerating implementation of isoniazid preventive therapy, increasing access and ensuring appropriate use of new TB diagnostics, supporting early initiation of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected TB patients, and strengthening systems to monitor and evaluate program implementation. C1 [Howard, Andrea A.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, ICAP, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Howard, Andrea A.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Gasana, Michel] Minist Hlth, Rwanda Biomed Ctr, Inst HIV AIDS Dis Prevent & Control, Kigali, Rwanda. [Getahun, Haileyesus] WHO, Stop TB Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Harries, Anthony] Int Union TB & Lung Dis, Paris, France. [Harries, Anthony; Lawn, Stephen D.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Clin Res, Fac Infect & Trop Dis, London WC1, England. [Lawn, Stephen D.] Univ Cape Town, Desmond Tutu HIV Ctr, Inst Infect Dis & Mol Med, Fac Hlth Sci, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Miller, Bess] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nelson, Lisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maputo, Mozambique. [Sitienei, Joseph] Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Div Leprosy TB & Lung Dis, Nairobi, Kenya. [Coggin, William L.] US Presidents Emergency Plan AIDS Relief, Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, Washington, DC USA. RP Howard, AA (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, ICAP, 722 W 168th St,Room 1317, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM aah2138@columbia.edu FU Wellcome Trust, London, United Kingdom; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; PEPFAR FX S. D. Lawn is funded by the Wellcome Trust, London, United Kingdom. A. A. Howard received grant support through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, including PEPFAR funds. NR 76 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 60 SU 3 BP S136 EP S144 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31825cfe8e PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 981TR UT WOS:000306994100013 PM 22797735 ER PT J AU Lyerla, R Murrill, CS Ghys, PD Calleja-Garcia, JM DeCock, KM AF Lyerla, Rob Murrill, Christopher S. Ghys, Peter D. Calleja-Garcia, Jesus M. DeCock, Kevin M. TI The Use of Epidemiological Data to Inform the PEPFAR Response SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE PEPFAR; epidemiology; surveillance; data ID HIV PREVENTION; GENERALIZED EPIDEMICS; PROJECTION PACKAGE; INFECTION; COUNTRIES; HIV/AIDS; SURVEILLANCE; PREVALENCE; UGANDA; TRENDS AB The history of the HIV epidemic and the response to the epidemic is fundamentally a history of an emergency response to a global crisis. Trends and projections from initially available data were instrumental in establishing the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and in determining the direction of the program. Additionally, PEPFAR was built on data and the potential impact of interventions, and required the constant monitoring of the epidemic to report on the progress of the program. The response to the HIV epidemic saw the development of international guidelines and recommendations for data collection and epidemiological modeling. Although it is true that the urgency of the response often meant that data from data-poor countries suffered from incompleteness and bias, fortunately, as the response matured, the quality of the data and the infrastructure supporting data collection also matured. PEPFAR investments in surveillance and surveys were and remain critical for responding to the epidemic. The future of the response is reflected in growing country capacities to collect valid and reliable data, and using those data for decision making. C1 [Lyerla, Rob] US Dept State, Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, Washington, DC 20520 USA. [Murrill, Christopher S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ghys, Peter D.] Joint United Nations Programme HIV AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland. [Calleja-Garcia, Jesus M.] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [DeCock, Kevin M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lyerla, R (reprint author), US Dept State, Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, 2201 C St NW, Washington, DC 20520 USA. EM Lyerlarl@state.gov NR 52 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 60 SU 3 BP S57 EP S62 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31825d279a PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 981TR UT WOS:000306994100003 PM 22797741 ER PT J AU Needle, R Fu, J Beyrer, C Loo, V Abdul-Quader, AS McIntyre, JA Li, ZJ Mbwambo, JKK Muthui, M Pick, B AF Needle, Richard Fu, Joe Beyrer, Chris Loo, Virginia Abdul-Quader, Abu S. McIntyre, James A. Li, Zhijun Mbwambo, Jessie K. K. Muthui, Mercy Pick, Billy TI PEPFAR's Evolving HIV Prevention Approaches for Key Populations-People Who Inject Drugs, Men Who Have Sex With Men, and Sex Workers: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE PEPFAR; key populations; HIV prevention ID CARE SERVICES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTION; INCOME; USERS; RISK AB In most countries, the burden of HIV among people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, and sex workers is disproportionately high compared with that in the general population. Meanwhile, coverage rates of effective interventions among those key populations (KPs) are extremely low, despite a strong evidence base about the effectiveness of currently available interventions. In its first decade, President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) is making progress in responding to HIV/AIDS, its risk factors, and the needs of KPs. Recent surveillance, surveys, and size estimation activities are helping PEPFAR country programs better estimate the HIV disease burden, understand risk behavior trends, and determine coverage and resources required for appropriate scale-up of services for KPs. To expand country planning of programs to further reduce HIV burden and increase coverage among KPs, PEPFAR has developed a strategy consisting of technical documents on the prevention of HIV among people who inject drugs (July 2010) and prevention of HIV among men who have sex with men (May 2011), linked with regional meetings and assistance visits to guide the adoption and scale-up of comprehensive packages of evidence-based prevention services for KPs. The implementation and scaling up of available and targeted interventions adapted for KPs are important steps in gaining better control over the spread and impact of HIV/AIDS among these populations. C1 [Needle, Richard; Fu, Joe] US Dept State, Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, Washington, DC 20520 USA. [Beyrer, Chris] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Publ Hlth & Human Rights, Johns Hopkins Ctr AIDS Res, Baltimore, MD USA. [Loo, Virginia] Partnership Epidemiol Anal, Honolulu, HI USA. [Abdul-Quader, Abu S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [McIntyre, James A.] Univ Cape Town, Sch Publ Hlth & Family Med, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [McIntyre, James A.] Anova Hlth Inst, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Mbwambo, Jessie K. K.] Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Dept Psychiat & Mental Hlth, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Muthui, Mercy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pick, Billy] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. RP Needle, R (reprint author), Off Global AIDS Coordinator, SA-29,2nd Floor,2201 C St NW, Washington, DC 20522 USA. NR 35 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 60 SU 3 BP S145 EP S151 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31825f315e PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 981TR UT WOS:000306994100014 PM 22797736 ER PT J AU Palen, J El-Sadr, W Phoya, A Imtiaz, R Einterz, R Quain, E Blandford, J Bouey, P Lion, A AF Palen, John El-Sadr, Wafaa Phoya, Ann Imtiaz, Rubina Einterz, Robert Quain, Estelle Blandford, John Bouey, Paul Lion, Ann TI PEPFAR, Health System Strengthening, and Promoting Sustainability and Country Ownership SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE health system strengthening; PEPFAR; HIV/AIDS; sustainability; country ownership ID INITIATIVES; CARE; HIV AB Evidence demonstrates that scale-up of HIV services has produced stronger health systems and, conversely, that stronger health systems were critical to the success of the HIV scale-up. Increased access to and effectiveness of HIV treatment and care programs, attention to long-term sustainability, and recognition of the importance of national governance, and country ownership of HIV programs have resulted in an increased focus on structures that compromise the broader health system. Based on a review published literature and expert opinion, the article proposes 4 key health systems strengthening issues as a means to promote sustainability and country ownership of President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and other global health initiatives. First, development partners need provide capacity building support and to recognize and align resources with national government health strategies and operational plans. Second, investments in human capital, particularly human resources for health, need to be guided by national institutions and supported to ensure the training and retention of skilled, qualified, and relevant health care providers. Third, a range of financing strategies, both new resources and improved efficiencies, need to be pursued as a means to create more fiscal space to ensure sustainable and self-reliant systems. Finally, service delivery models must adjust to recent advancements in areas of HIV prevention and treatment and aim to establish evidence-based delivery models to reduce HIV transmission rates and the overall burden of disease. The article concludes that there needs to be ongoing efforts to identify and implement strategic health systems strengthening interventions and address the inherent tension and debate over investments in health systems. C1 [Palen, John; Lion, Ann] ABT Associates Inc, Dept Int Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [El-Sadr, Wafaa] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, ICAP, New York, NY USA. [Imtiaz, Rubina; Blandford, John] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Einterz, Robert] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Indiana Univ Ctr Global Hlth, Ctr Global Hlth, Bloomington, IN USA. [Quain, Estelle] US Agcy Int Dev, Off HIV AIDS, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Bouey, Paul] US Dept State, Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, Washington, DC 20520 USA. RP Palen, J (reprint author), ABT Associates Inc, Dept Int Hlth, 4550 Montgomery Ave,Suite 800 N, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM john_palen@abtassoc.com OI van der Palen, Job/0000-0003-1071-6769 NR 35 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 60 SU 3 BP S113 EP S119 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31825d28d7 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 981TR UT WOS:000306994100010 PM 22797732 ER PT J AU Porter, LE Bouey, PD Curtis, S Hochgesang, M Idele, P Jefferson, B Lemma, W Myrick, R Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, H Prybylski, D Souteyrand, Y Tulli, T AF Porter, Laura E. Bouey, Paul D. Curtis, Sian Hochgesang, Mindy Idele, Priscilla Jefferson, Bobby Lemma, Wuleta Myrick, Roger Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Harriet Prybylski, Dimitri Souteyrand, Yves Tulli, Tuhuma TI Beyond Indicators: Advances in Global HIV Monitoring and Evaluation During the PEPFAR Era SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE PEPFAR; monitoring and evaluation ID MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT; EVALUATION SYSTEMS; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; HEALTH SYSTEMS; RISK BEHAVIOR; SCALE-UP; THAILAND; PROGRAM; BANGKOK AB Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) is fundamental to global HIV program implementation and has been a cornerstone of the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). Rapid results were crucial to demonstrating feasibility and scalability of HIV care and treatment services early in PEPFAR. When national HIV M&E systems were nascent, the rapid influx of funds and the emergency expansion of HIV services contributed to the development of uncoordinated "parallel" information systems to serve donor demands for information. Close collaboration of PEPFAR with multilateral and national partners improved harmonization of indicators, standards, methods, tools, and reports. Concurrent PEPFAR investments in surveillance, surveys, program monitoring, health information systems, and human capacity development began to show signs of progress toward sustainable country-owned systems. Awareness of the need for and usefulness of data increased, far beyond discussions of indicators and reporting. Emphasis has turned toward ensuring the quality of data and using available data to improve the quality of care. Assessing progress toward an AIDS-free generation requires that the global community can measure the reduction of new HIV infections in children and adults and monitor the coverage, quality, and outcomes of highly efficacious interventions in combination. Building national M&E systems requires sustained efforts over long periods of time with effective leadership and coordination. PEPFAR, in close collaboration with its global and national partners, is well positioned to transform the successes and challenges associated with early rapid scale-up into future opportunities for sustainable, cost-effective, country-owned programs and systems. C1 [Porter, Laura E.; Hochgesang, Mindy; Prybylski, Dimitri] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bouey, Paul D.] Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, Washington, DC USA. [Curtis, Sian] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Idele, Priscilla] UNICEF, Div Policy & Strategy, Stat & Monitoring Sect, New York, NY USA. [Jefferson, Bobby; Tulli, Tuhuma] Futures Grp Int, Washington, DC USA. [Lemma, Wuleta] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Global Community Hlth & Behav Sci, Ctr Global Hlth Equ, New Orleans, LA USA. [Myrick, Roger] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Harriet] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Int Ctr AIDS Care & Treatment Programs, New York, NY USA. [Souteyrand, Yves] WHO, HIV AIDS Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Porter, Laura E.; Hochgesang, Mindy; Prybylski, Dimitri] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Maputo, Mozambique. [Porter, Laura E.; Hochgesang, Mindy; Prybylski, Dimitri] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Bangkok, Thailand. [Jefferson, Bobby; Tulli, Tuhuma] Futures Grp Int, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. RP Porter, LE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-30,Corp Sq,Bldg 1,Room 2306, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lporter@cdc.gov NR 84 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 60 SU 3 BP S120 EP S126 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31825cf345 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 981TR UT WOS:000306994100011 PM 22797733 ER PT J AU Reed, JB Njeuhmeli, E Thomas, AG Bacon, MC Bailey, R Cherutich, P Curran, K Dickson, K Farley, T Hankins, C Hatzold, K Justman, J Mwandi, Z Nkinsi, L Ridzon, R Ryan, C Bock, N AF Reed, Jason Bailey Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel Thomas, Anne Goldzier Bacon, Melanie C. Bailey, Robert Cherutich, Peter Curran, Kelly Dickson, Kim Farley, Tim Hankins, Catherine Hatzold, Karin Justman, Jessica Mwandi, Zebedee Nkinsi, Luke Ridzon, Renee Ryan, Caroline Bock, Naomi TI Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision: An HIV Prevention Priority for PEPFAR SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE male circumcision; HIV prevention; PEPFAR ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; FEMALE PARTNERS; TARGET-CELLS; YOUNG MEN; INFECTION; RISK; TRANSMISSION; KISUMU AB As the science demonstrating strong evidence for voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) for HIV prevention has evolved, the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) has collaborated with international agencies, donors, and partner country governments supporting VMMC programming. Mathematical models forecast that quickly reaching a large number of uncircumcised men with VMMC in strategically chosen populations may dramatically reduce community-level HIV incidence and save billions of dollars in HIV care and treatment costs. Because VMMC is a 1-time procedure that confers life-long partial protection against HIV, programs for adult men are vital short-term investments with long-term benefits. VMMC also provides a unique opportunity to reach boys and men with HIV testing and counseling services and referrals for other HIV services, including treatment. After formal recommendations by WHO in 2007, priority countries have pursued expansion of VMMC. More than 1 million males have received VMMC thus far, with the most notable successes coming from Kenya's Nyanza Province. However, a myriad of necessary cultural, political, and ethical considerations have moderated the pace of overall success. Because many millions more uncircumcised men would benefit from VMMC services now, US President Barack Obama committed PEPFAR to provide 4.7 million males with VMMC by 2014. Innovative circumcision methods-such as medical devices that remove the foreskin without injected anesthesia and/or sutures-are being rigorously evaluated. Incorporation of safe innovations into surgical VMMC programs may provide the opportunity to reach more men more quickly with services and dramatically reduce HIV incidence for all. C1 [Reed, Jason Bailey; Bock, Naomi] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Thomas, Anne Goldzier] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def HIV AIDS Program, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Bacon, Melanie C.] US Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD USA. [Bailey, Robert] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL USA. [Curran, Kelly] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Jhpiego, Baltimore, MD USA. [Dickson, Kim] UNICEF, Hlth Sect, New York, NY USA. [Farley, Tim] WHO, Sigma3 Serv, Nyon, Switzerland. [Hankins, Catherine] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Geneva, Switzerland. [Hankins, Catherine] Joint United Nations Programme HIV AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland. [Justman, Jessica] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Int Ctr AIDS Care & Treatment Programs, New York, NY USA. [Mwandi, Zebedee] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. [Ridzon, Renee] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Ahimsa Grp LLC, Seattle, WA USA. [Ryan, Caroline] Off Global AIDS Coordinator, Washington, DC USA. RP Reed, JB (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jreed1@cdc.gov OI Hankins, Catherine/0000-0002-1642-8592 FU PEPFAR FX Various authors receive financial support or have professional relationships from PEPFAR (either as employees of PEPFAR-supported US Government agencies or as grantees/contractors) as outlined in the Copyright Transfer Agreement Forms. NR 54 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 60 SU 3 BP S88 EP S95 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31825cac4e PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 981TR UT WOS:000306994100007 PM 22797745 ER PT J AU Aizire, J McConnell, MS Mudiope, P Mubiru, M Matovu, F Parsons, TL Elbireer, A Nolan, M Janoff, EN Fowler, MG AF Aizire, Jim McConnell, Michelle S. Mudiope, Peter Mubiru, Michael Matovu, Flavia Parsons, Teresa L. Elbireer, Ali Nolan, Monica Janoff, Edward N. Fowler, Mary Glenn TI Kinetics of Nevirapine and Its Impact on HIV-1 RNA Levels in Maternal Plasma and Breast Milk Over Time After Perinatal Single-Dose Nevirapine SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE nevirapine; HIV-1 RNA; maternal plasma; breast milk ID TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; ZIDOVUDINE PROPHYLAXIS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; RESISTANT HIV-1; PREVENTION; MOTHERS; PERSISTENCE; WOMEN; INTRAPARTUM; POPULATIONS AB Objective: To determine kinetics after single-dose nevirapine and the impact on HIV RNA [viral load (VL)] in maternal plasma and breast milk (BM). Methods: Cohort of 120 HIV-1-infected pregnant Ugandan women received perinatal single-dose nevirapine alone and followed up with their infants through 24 weeks postdelivery. We assessed the relationship of nevirapine concentration (tandem mass spectroscopy) and HIV-1 VL (Roche AMPLICOR HIV-1 Kit, version 1.5) in maternal plasma and BM over time. Results: At week 1 postpartum, NVP (>= 10 ng/mL) was detected in all 53 plasma and 47 of 51 (92.2%) BM samples with median (interquartile ranges) of, respectively, 171 (78-214) ng/mL and 112 (64-158) ng/mL, P = 0.075, which decreased subsequently with traces persisting through week 4 in plasma. Plasma and BM VL dropped by week 1 and were highly correlated at delivery (R = 0.71, P < 0.001) and week 1 (R = 0.69, P < 0.001) but not thereafter. At week 1, VL correlated inversely with NVP concentration in plasma (R = 0.39, P = 0.004) and BM (R = 0.48, P = 0.013). There was a VL rebound in both compartments, which peaked at week 4 to levels greater than those at week 1 [significantly in plasma (P < 0.001) but not in BM] and remained stable thereafter. Median VL was consistently greater (11- to 50-fold) in plasma than BM at all time points (all P < 0.001). Conclusions: After single-dose nevirapine, NVP concentration was comparably high through week 1, accompanied by suppression of plasma and BM VL. A longer "tail" (>1 week) of potent postnatal antiretroviral drugs is warranted to minimize the observed VL rebound and potential for NVP resistance as a result of persistent NVP traces. C1 [Aizire, Jim; Mudiope, Peter; Mubiru, Michael; Matovu, Flavia; Elbireer, Ali; Fowler, Mary Glenn] Makerere Univ Johns Hopkins Univ MU JHU Res Colla, Kampala, Uganda. [McConnell, Michelle S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Parsons, Teresa L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Clin Pharmacol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Elbireer, Ali; Fowler, Mary Glenn] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Nolan, Monica] Mothers2mothers, Dept Strateg Informat, Cape Town, South Africa. [Janoff, Edward N.] Univ Colorado, Div Infect Dis, Mucosal & Vaccine Res Program Colorado MAVRC, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Aizire, J (reprint author), Makerere Univ Johns Hopkins Univ Res Collaborat, MU JHU Res Bldg,Old Mulago Hill Rd,POB 23491, Kampala, Uganda. EM jaizire@mujhu.org FU US Centers for Disease Control FX Supported by the US Centers for Disease Control. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 60 IS 5 BP 483 EP 488 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318246bf9e PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 981TV UT WOS:000306994500008 PM 22217678 ER PT J AU Kim, L Heilig, CM McCarthy, KD Phanuphak, N Chheng, P Kanara, N Quy, HT Sar, B Cain, KP Varma, JK AF Kim, Lindsay Heilig, Charles M. McCarthy, Kimberly D. Phanuphak, Nittaya Chheng, Phalkun Kanara, Nong Hoang Thi Quy Sar, Borann Cain, Kevin P. Varma, Jay K. TI Symptom Screen for Identification of Highly Infectious Tuberculosis in People Living with HIV in Southeast Asia SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium tuberculosis; HIV; screening; infectiousness; infection control ID MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; SUSPECTED PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; OUTBREAK; TRANSMISSION; INPATIENTS AB Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death among people living with HIV and frequently transmitted among this susceptible group. Transmission can be reduced by infection control practices. Simple evidence-based methods to identify patients who should be isolated are not well described in the literature. We sought to identify a simple, sensitive symptom or symptom combination that healthcare providers in resource-limited settings can use to identify and isolate persons living with HIV with highly infectious TB. Methods: Participants from 8 outpatient facilities in Cambodia, Thailand, and Vietnam underwent an extensive evaluation for TB. Patients with >= 1 positive sputum smear and Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture growth from a pulmonary site were defined as having highly infectious TB. We calculated sensitivity and prevalence of individual symptoms and >1000 symptom combinations. Results: Of 1980 participants, 272 (14%) had TB. Forty percent (n = 109) were highly infectious. Sensitivity for detecting highly infectious TB was highest for having the following symptoms in the past month as follows: weight loss (84%), cough (83%), fever (81%), and fatigue (78%); however, these symptoms were found in 46%-54% of all participants. Having 2 or 3 of 4 symptoms (prevalence, 26%-47%)-weight loss, fever, current cough, and night sweats-was 72%-90% sensitive for highly infectious TB. Conclusions: The 2 or 3 of 4 symptom combinations of weight loss, fever, current cough, and night sweats, which are the same symptoms comprising the current World Health Organization-recommended TB diagnostic screen, are sensitive for detecting highly infectious TB in people living with HIV. C1 [Kim, Lindsay] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kim, Lindsay; Heilig, Charles M.; McCarthy, Kimberly D.; Cain, Kevin P.; Varma, Jay K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Phanuphak, Nittaya] Thai Red Cross AIDS Res Ctr, Bangkok, Thailand. [Chheng, Phalkun] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Kanara, Nong] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Hoang Thi Quy] Pham Ngoc Thach Hosp TB & Lung Dis, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. [Sar, Borann] Inst Pasteur Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Varma, Jay K.] Thailand Minist Hlth US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Kim, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iyn2@cdc.gov RI Heilig, Charles/C-2753-2008 OI Heilig, Charles/0000-0003-1075-1310 FU US Agency for International Development FX The study was supported by a grant from the US Agency for International Development. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 60 IS 5 BP 519 EP 524 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318256b3db PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 981TV UT WOS:000306994500013 PM 22487587 ER PT J AU Klevens, J Kee, R Trick, W Garcia, D Angulo, FR Jones, R Sadowski, LS AF Klevens, Joanne Kee, Romina Trick, William Garcia, Diana Angulo, Francisco R. Jones, Robin Sadowski, Laura S. TI Effect of Screening for Partner Violence on Women's Quality of Life A Randomized Controlled Trial SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; PREVALENCE; SCALES; FAMILY AB Context Although partner violence screening has been endorsed by many health organizations, there is insufficient evidence that it has beneficial health outcomes. Objective To determine the effect of computerized screening for partner violence plus provision of a partner violence resource list vs provision of a partner violence list only on women's health in primary care settings, compared with a control group. Design, Setting, and Participants A 3-group blinded randomized controlled trial at 10 primary health care centers in Cook County, Illinois. Participants were enrolled from May 2009-April 2010 and reinterviewed 1 year (range, 48-56 weeks) later. Participants were English- or Spanish-speaking women meeting specific inclusion criteria and seeking clinical services at study sites. Of 3537 women approached, 2727 were eligible, 2708 were randomized (99%), and 2364 (87%) were recontacted 1 year later. Mean age of participants was 39 years. Participants were predominantly non-Latina African American (55%) or Latina (37%), had a high school education or less (57%), and were uninsured (57%). Intervention Randomization into 3 intervention groups: (1) partner violence screen (using the Partner Violence Screen instrument) plus a list of local partner violence resources if screening was positive (n = 909); (2) partner violence resource list only without screen (n = 893); and (3) no-screen, no-partner violence list control group (n = 898). Main Outcome Measures Quality of life (QOL, physical and mental health components) was the primary outcome, measured on the 12-item Short Form (scale range 0-100, mean of 50 for US population). Results At 1-year follow-up, there were no significant differences in the QOL physical health component between the screen plus partner violence resource list group (n = 801; mean score, 46.8; 95% CI, 46.1-47.4), the partner violence resource list only group (n = 772; mean score, 46.4; 95% CI, 45.8-47.1), and the control group (n = 791; mean score, 47.2; 95% CI, 46.5-47.8), or in the mental health component (screen plus partner violence resource list group [mean score, 48.3; 95% CI, 47.5-49.1], the partner violence resource list only group [mean score, 48.0; 95% CI, 47.2-48.9], and the control group [mean score, 47.8; 95% CI, 47.0-48.6]). There were also no differences between groups in days unable to work or complete housework; number of hospitalizations, emergency department, or ambulatory care visits; proportion who contacted a partner violence agency; or recurrence of partner violence. Conclusions Among women receiving care in primary care clinics, providing a partner violence resource list with or without screening did not result in improved health. C1 [Klevens, Joanne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kee, Romina; Trick, William; Garcia, Diana; Angulo, Francisco R.; Sadowski, Laura S.] John H Stroger Jr Hosp Cook Cty, Collaborat Res Unit, Dept Med, Chicago, IL USA. [Jones, Robin] Rush Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Sadowski, Laura S.] Rush Univ, Dept Internal Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Klevens, J (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F-63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jklevens@cdc.gov FU World Health Organization; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Division of Violence Prevention; DePaul University; George Washington University; Loyola University; Northern Illinois University; Northwestern University; Oberlin College; United Nations University; University of Illinois at Chicago; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; University of Wisconsin-Madison FX All authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Dr Sadowski reports receipt of consultancy fees from the World Health Organization. The other authors report no disclosures.; This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Division of Violence Prevention.; James Mercy, PhD, and Linda Saltzman dagger, PhD, CDC (dagger Deceased), for study concept, Drs Mercy and Saltzman received no compensation for their work on this article. Gladys Arana-Arriola, BA candidate, Gisselle Rodriguez, MEd, and Yazmin San Miguel, BS, DePaul University; Amalia Turkewitz, BA, George Washington University; Crystal Sanchez, BA, Loyola University; Marycarmen Hernandez, BA, Northern Illinois University; Maria Valdovinos, BA, Northwestern University; Emma Rubin, BA, Oberlin College; Emily McClure, MA, United Nations University; Celia Almazan, MSW, Kate Hawley, MSW, TaCarra Moore, MPH, Magdalena Nava, BA, Elizabeth Perez, MD, MPH, Maria Rodriguez Sanchez, MEd, and Claire Seryak, PhD, University of Illinois at Chicago; Yvette Castaneda, BS, and Maricarmen Herrera, BA, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; and Andrea Larson, BS, and Mary Pawlek, MD, University of Wisconsin-Madison helped in recruitment, assessment, and follow-up of study participants and were financially compensated for their work. Stephanie Love Patterson, Illinois certified domestic violence professional, associate director of the Connections for Abused Women and their Children, Stroger Hospital's in-house partner violence advocacy program, helped develop the partner violence video shown to women screening positive (for a nominal sum); and Ashlesha Patel, MD, MPH, systems director of the Family Planning Services of Cook County Health and Hospital Systems, facilitated access to patients seeking services at the gynecological and family planning outpatient clinics at Stroger Hospital (received no compensation). NR 32 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 7 BP 681 EP 689 DI 10.1001/jama.2012.6434 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 988NC UT WOS:000307496700023 PM 22893165 ER PT J AU Abzug, MJ Qin, M Levin, MJ Fenton, T Beeler, JA Bellini, WJ Audet, S Sowers, SB Borkowsky, W Nachman, SA Pelton, SI Rosenblatt, HM AF Abzug, Mark J. Qin, Min Levin, Myron J. Fenton, Terence Beeler, Judy A. Bellini, William J. Audet, Susette Sowers, Sun Bae Borkowsky, William Nachman, Sharon A. Pelton, Stephen I. Rosenblatt, Howard M. CA Int Maternal Pediat Adolescent AID TI Immunogenicity, Immunologic Memory, and Safety Following Measles Revaccination in HIV-Infected Children Receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ZAMBIAN CHILDREN; RUBELLA REVACCINATION; UNINFECTED CHILDREN; BOOSTER VACCINATION; NEUTRALIZATION TEST; VARICELLA VACCINE; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; TYPE-1 INFECTION; IMMUNIZATION AB Background. Response rates and immunologic memory following measles vaccination are reduced in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children in the absence of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods. HIV-infected children 2 to < 19 years old receiving HAART and with HIV loads < 30 000 copies/mL, CD4% >= 15, and >= 1 prior measles-mumps-rubella vaccination (MMR) were given another MMR. Measles antibody concentrations before and 8, 32, and 80 weeks postvaccination were determined by plaque reduction neutralization (PRN). A subset was given another MMR 4-5 years later, and PRN antibody was measured before and 7 and 28 days later. Results. At entry, 52% of 193 subjects were seroprotected (PRN >= 120 mIU/mL). Seroprotection increased to 89% 8 weeks postvaccination, and remained at 80% 80 weeks postvaccination. Of 65 subjects revaccinated 4-5 years later, 85% demonstrated memory based on seroprotection before or 7 days after vaccination. HIV load <= 400 copies/mL at initial study vaccination was associated with higher seroprotection rates, greater antibody concentrations, and memory. Grade 3 fever or fatigue occurred in 2% of subjects. Conclusions. Measles revaccination induced high rates of seroprotection and memory in children receiving HAART. Both endpoints were associated with HIV viral load suppression. C1 [Abzug, Mark J.; Levin, Myron J.] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Abzug, Mark J.; Levin, Myron J.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Qin, Min] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Biostat AIDS Res, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Beeler, Judy A.; Audet, Susette] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20014 USA. [Bellini, William J.; Sowers, Sun Bae] Ctr Dis Control, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Borkowsky, William] NYU, Sch Med, New York, NY USA. [Borkowsky, William] Bellevue Hosp Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Nachman, Sharon A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Pelton, Stephen I.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Pelton, Stephen I.] Boston Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Rosenblatt, Howard M.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Rosenblatt, Howard M.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Abzug, MJ (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Colorado, Box B055,13123 E 16th Ave, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM mark.abzug@childrenscolorado.org OI Pelton, Stephen/0000-0003-4862-5344; Bonagura, Vincent/0000-0002-0681-2099 FU Statistical and Data Analysis Center at Harvard School of Public Health, under the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [5 U01 AI41110]; Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group [1 U01 AI068616]; International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) group; NICHD [N01-DK-9-001/HHSN267200800001C]; General Clinical Research Center Units; National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [MO1-RR00069]; NIAID [U01 AI068632]; National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) [AI068632] FX This work was supported by the Statistical and Data Analysis Center at Harvard School of Public Health, under the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) cooperative agreement #5 U01 AI41110 with the Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group (PACTG) and #1 U01 AI068616 with the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) group. Support of the sites was provided by the NIAID and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) International and Domestic Pediatric and Maternal HIV Clinical Trials Network funded by NICHD (contract number N01-DK-9-001/HHSN267200800001C). This work was also supported in part by the General Clinical Research Center Units funded by the National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health (NIH; including MO1-RR00069, General Clinical Research Centers Program).; Merck and Co. provided study vaccine used in P1061s. Overall support for the IMPAACT group was provided by the NIAID (U01 AI068632), the NICHD, and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH; AI068632). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. NR 41 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 206 IS 4 BP 512 EP 522 DI 10.1093/infdis/jis386 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 977MQ UT WOS:000306667000009 PM 22693229 ER PT J AU Onomoto, K Jogi, M Yoo, JS Narita, R Morimoto, S Takemura, A Sambhara, S Kawaguchi, A Osari, S Nagata, K Matsumiya, T Namiki, H Yoneyama, M Fujita, T AF Onomoto, Koji Jogi, Michihiko Yoo, Ji-Seung Narita, Ryo Morimoto, Shiho Takemura, Azumi Sambhara, Suryaprakash Kawaguchi, Atushi Osari, Suguru Nagata, Kyosuke Matsumiya, Tomoh Namiki, Hideo Yoneyama, Mitsutoshi Fujita, Takashi TI Critical Role of an Antiviral Stress Granule Containing RIG-I and PKR in Viral Detection and Innate Immunity SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; INFLUENZA-A VIRUS; INDUCIBLE GENE-I; DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; NF-KAPPA-B; NS1 PROTEIN; INTERFERON-PRODUCTION; LENTIVIRAL VECTOR; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; ADAPTER PROTEIN AB Retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) function as cytoplasmic sensors for viral RNA to initiate antiviral responses including type I interferon (IFN) production. It has been unclear how RIG-I encounters and senses viral RNA. To address this issue, we examined intracellular localization of RIG-I in response to viral infection using newly generated anti-RIG-I antibody. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that RLRs localized in virus-induced granules containing stress granule (SG) markers together with viral RNA and antiviral proteins. Because of similarity in morphology and components, we termed these aggregates antiviral stress granules (avSGs). Influenza A virus (IAV) deficient in non-structural protein 1 (NS1) efficiently generated avSGs as well as IFN, however IAV encoding NS1 produced little. Inhibition of avSGs formation by removal of either the SG component or double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-dependent protein kinase (PKR) resulted in diminished IFN production and concomitant enhancement of viral replication. Furthermore, we observed that transfection of dsRNA resulted in IFN production in an avSGs-dependent manner. These results strongly suggest that the avSG is the locus for non-self RNA sensing and the orchestration of multiple proteins is critical in the triggering of antiviral responses. C1 [Onomoto, Koji; Jogi, Michihiko; Yoo, Ji-Seung; Narita, Ryo; Morimoto, Shiho; Takemura, Azumi; Fujita, Takashi] Kyoto Univ, Inst Virus Res, Mol Genet Lab, Kyoto 606, Japan. [Onomoto, Koji] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Jogi, Michihiko; Yoo, Ji-Seung; Fujita, Takashi] Kyoto Univ, Mol Cell Biol Lab, Grad Sch Biostudies, Kyoto, Japan. [Onomoto, Koji; Jogi, Michihiko; Yoneyama, Mitsutoshi] Chiba Univ, Med Mycol Res Ctr, Div Mol Immunol, Chuo Ku, Chiba, Japan. [Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kawaguchi, Atushi; Osari, Suguru; Nagata, Kyosuke] Univ Tsukuba, Dept Infect Biol, Fac Med, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Kawaguchi, Atushi; Osari, Suguru; Nagata, Kyosuke] Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Comprehens Human Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Kawaguchi, Atushi] Kitasato Univ, Kitasato Inst Life Sci, Tokyo, Japan. [Matsumiya, Tomoh] Hirosaki Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Vasc Biol, Inst Brain Sci, Aomori, Japan. [Onomoto, Koji; Namiki, Hideo] Waseda Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Yoneyama, Mitsutoshi] Japan Sci & Technol Agcy, PRESTO, Saitama, Japan. RP Onomoto, K (reprint author), Chiba Univ, Med Mycol Res Ctr, Div Mol Immunol, Chuo Ku, Chiba, Japan. EM myoneyam@faculty.chiba-u.jp; tfujita@virus.kyoto-u.ac.jp OI Kawaguchi, Atsushi/0000-0002-5485-1578 FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan [20112009]; Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan; PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Agency; Uehara Memorial Foundation; Mochida Memorial Foundation for Medical and Pharmaceutical Research; Takaeda Science Foundation; Naito Foundation; Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim FX The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan (Innovative Areas "RNA regulation'' (No. 20112009), Scientific Research "A'', and Research Activity Start-up) (http://www.mext.go.jp/english/), the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan (http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/index.html), the PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Agency (http://www.jst.go.jp/kisoken/presto/index_e.html), the Uehara Memorial Foundation (http://www.ueharazaidan.com/), the Mochida Memorial Foundation for Medical and Pharmaceutical Research (http://www.mochida.co.jp/zaidan/), the Takaeda Science Foundation (http://www.takeda-sci.or.jp/index.html), the Naito Foundation (http://www.naito-f.or.jp/), and Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim (http://www.boehringer-ingelheim.co.jp/com/Home/index.jsp). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 97 Z9 100 U1 1 U2 11 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 13 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e43031 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0043031 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 988OJ UT WOS:000307500100053 PM 22912779 ER PT J AU Pitzer, VE Atkins, KE de Blasio, BF Van Effelterre, T Atchison, CJ Harris, JP Shim, E Galvani, AP Edmunds, WJ Viboud, C Patel, MM Grenfell, BT Parashar, UD Lopman, BA AF Pitzer, Virginia E. Atkins, Katherine E. de Blasio, Birgitte Freiesleben Van Effelterre, Thierry Atchison, Christina J. Harris, John P. Shim, Eunha Galvani, Alison P. Edmunds, W. John Viboud, Cecile Patel, Manish M. Grenfell, Bryan T. Parashar, Umesh D. Lopman, Ben A. TI Direct and Indirect Effects of Rotavirus Vaccination: Comparing Predictions from Transmission Dynamic Models SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS INTESTINAL DISEASE; 1ST 2 YEARS; UNITED-STATES; GENERAL-PRACTICE; DOUBLE-BLIND; IMPACT; GASTROENTERITIS; EFFICACY; PROTECTION; CHILDREN AB Early observations from countries that have introduced rotavirus vaccination suggest that there may be indirect protection for unvaccinated individuals, but it is unclear whether these benefits will extend to the long term. Transmission dynamic models have attempted to quantify the indirect protection that might be expected from rotavirus vaccination in developed countries, but results have varied. To better understand the magnitude and sources of variability in model projections, we undertook a comparative analysis of transmission dynamic models for rotavirus. We fit five models to reported rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) data from England and Wales, and evaluated outcomes for short- and long-term vaccination effects. All of our models reproduced the important features of rotavirus epidemics in England and Wales. Models predicted that during the initial year after vaccine introduction, incidence of severe RVGE would be reduced 1.8-2.9 times more than expected from the direct effects of the vaccine alone (28-50% at 90% coverage), but over a 5-year period following vaccine introduction severe RVGE would be reduced only by 1.1-1.7 times more than expected from the direct effects (54-90% at 90% coverage). Projections for the long-term reduction of severe RVGE ranged from a 55% reduction at full coverage to elimination with at least 80% coverage. Our models predicted short-term reductions in the incidence of RVGE that exceeded estimates of the direct effects, consistent with observations from the United States and other countries. Some of the models predicted that the short-term indirect benefits may be offset by a partial shifting of the burden of RVGE to older unvaccinated individuals. Nonetheless, even when such a shift occurs, the overall reduction in severe RVGE is considerable. Discrepancies among model predictions reflect uncertainties about age variation in the risk and reporting of RVGE, and the duration of natural and vaccine-induced immunity, highlighting important questions for future research. C1 [Pitzer, Virginia E.; Grenfell, Bryan T.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Pitzer, Virginia E.; Viboud, Cecile; Grenfell, Bryan T.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Pitzer, Virginia E.; Atkins, Katherine E.; Galvani, Alison P.] Yale Univ, Dept Epidemiol Microbial Dis, Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [de Blasio, Birgitte Freiesleben] Univ Oslo, Dept Biostat, Inst Basic Med Sci, Oslo, Norway. [de Blasio, Birgitte Freiesleben] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, Oslo, Norway. [Van Effelterre, Thierry] GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Global Vaccine Dev, Wavre, Belgium. [Atchison, Christina J.; Edmunds, W. John] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Infect Dis Epidemiol Unit, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, London WC1, England. [Harris, John P.] Hlth Protect Agcy, Ctr Infect, Dept Gastrointestinal Emerging & Zoonot Infect, London, England. [Shim, Eunha] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Patel, Manish M.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Lopman, Ben A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pitzer, VE (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Epidemiol Microbial Dis, Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM virginia.pitzer@yale.edu OI Atchison, Christina/0000-0001-8304-7389; Pitzer, Virginia/0000-0003-1015-2289 FU National Institutes of Health [R01 GM083983-01]; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; Miriam Weston Trust; RAPIDD program of the Science & Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security and the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health; GAVI Alliance under a collaborative agreement with the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (R01 GM083983-01) (V.E.P. and B.T.G.), the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (V.E.P. and B.T.G.), Miriam Weston Trust (K.E.A. and A.P.G.), the RAPIDD program of the Science & Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security and the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health (V.E.P, B.T.G., K.E.A., and B.F.B.), and the GAVI Alliance under a collaborative agreement with the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) (M.M.P., U.D.P., and B.A.L.). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 51 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 11 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 13 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e42320 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0042320 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 988OJ UT WOS:000307500100011 PM 22912699 ER PT J AU Schulte, PA Hauser, JE AF Schulte, P. A. Hauser, J. E. TI The use of biomarkers in occupational health research, practice, and policy SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Biomarkers; Biological monitoring; Policy; Mechanism ID PSYCHOSOCIAL WORK-ENVIRONMENT; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS; URINARY BIOMARKERS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; EUROPEAN-UNION; EXPOSURE; DISEASE; BENZENE AB Biomarkers are potentially useful tools for occupational health and safety research, practice, and policy. However, the full realization of this potential has not been achieved. In this paper, the progress made in these three usage areas is reviewed to identify what efforts can be taken to realize the full promise of biomarkers. Biomarker uses are described by a diverse taxonomy that builds on the categories of exposure, effect and susceptibility, and the continuum between exposure and disease prognosis. The most significant uses of biomarkers in occupational health have been in biological monitoring of workers. Other important uses have been in enhancing research and assessing mechanisms of action of occupational toxicants at low exposures. Seven critical areas will influence the extent to which the potential of biomarkers in occupational health and safety is realized. These include: (1) adequate investment in validation; (2) obtaining international agreement on exposure guidelines; (3) exploring the utility of biomarkers in regulation; (4) applying biomarkers to critical occupational safety and health questions; (5) developing the exposome; (6) utilizing biomarkers to address emerging occupational health issues; and (7) continuing to address the ethical and social justice issues related to biomarkers. Overall, if biomarkers are to make a major contribution to occupational health and safety then a more holistic approach to bringing them from the laboratory to practice will be needed. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Schulte, P. A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Hauser, J. E.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. RP Schulte, PA (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS C-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM PSchulte@cdc.gov; Jennifer.Hauser@cchmc.org NR 71 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD AUG 13 PY 2012 VL 213 IS 1 SI SI BP 91 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.03.027 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 988ZB UT WOS:000307528900016 PM 21477643 ER PT J AU Lynch, M Korenromp, E Eisele, T Newby, H Steketee, R Kachur, SP Nahlen, B Yoon, S MacArthur, J Newman, R Cibulskis, R AF Lynch, Michael Korenromp, Eline Eisele, Thom Newby, Holly Steketee, Rick Kachur, S. Patrick Nahlen, Bernard Yoon, Steven MacArthur, John Newman, Robert Cibulskis, Richard TI New global estimates of malaria deaths SO LANCET LA English DT Letter C1 [Lynch, Michael; Newman, Robert; Cibulskis, Richard] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Korenromp, Eline] Global Fund Fight AIDS TB & Malaria, Geneva, Switzerland. [Eisele, Thom] Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Newby, Holly] UN Int Childrens Emergency Fund, New York, NY USA. [Steketee, Rick] Program Appropriate Technol Hlth, Seattle, WA USA. [Kachur, S. Patrick; Yoon, Steven; MacArthur, John] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nahlen, Bernard] United States Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC USA. RP Lynch, M (reprint author), WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM lynchm@who.int NR 5 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD AUG 11 PY 2012 VL 380 IS 9841 BP 559 EP 559 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 988SQ UT WOS:000307511400017 PM 22883496 ER PT J AU Singh, N Singh, MP Wylie, BJ Hussain, M Kojo, YA Shekhar, C Sabin, L Desai, M Udhayakumar, V Hamer, DH AF Singh, Neeru Singh, Mrigendra P. Wylie, Blair J. Hussain, Mobassir Kojo, Yeboah A. Shekhar, Chander Sabin, Lora Desai, Meghna Udhayakumar, V. Hamer, Davidson H. TI Malaria prevalence among pregnant women in two districts with differing endemicity in Chhattisgarh, India SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Pregnancy; Malaria; India; Plasmodium falciparum; Plasmodium vivax; Anaemia; Low birth weight ID VERBAL AUTOPSIES; TRANSMISSION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DEATHS; BURDEN AB Background: In India, malaria is not uniformly distributed. Chhattisgarh is a highly malarious state where both Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax are prevalent with a preponderance of P. falciparum. Malaria in pregnancy (MIP), especially when caused by P. falciparum, poses substantial risk to the mother and foetus by increasing the risk of foetal death, prematurity, low birth weight (LBW), and maternal anaemia. These risks vary between areas with stable and unstable transmission. The specific objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of malaria, its association with maternal and birth outcomes, and use of anti-malarial preventive measures for development of evidence based interventions to reduce the burden of MIP. Methods: A cross-sectional study of pregnant women presenting to antenatal clinics (ANC) or delivery units (DU), or hospitalized for non-obstetric illness was conducted over 12 months in high (Bastar) and low (Rajnandgaon) transmission districts in Chhattisgarh state. Intensity of transmission was defined on the basis of slide positivity rates with a high proportion due to P. falciparum. In each district, a rural and an urban health facility was selected. Results: Prevalence of peripheral parasitaemia was low: 1.3% (35/2696) among women at ANCs and 1.9% at DUs (19/1025). Peripheral parasitaemia was significantly more common in Bastar (2.8%) than in Rajnandgaon (0.1%) (p < 0.0001). On multivariate analysis of ANC participants, residence in Bastar district (stable malaria transmission) was strongly associated with peripheral parasitaemia (adjusted OR [aOR] 43.4; 95% CI, 5.6-335.2). Additional covariates associated with parasitaemia were moderate anaemia (aOR 3.7; 95% CI 1.8-7.7), fever within the past week (aOR 3.2; 95% CI 1.2-8.6), and lack of formal education (aOR 4.6; 95% CI 2.0-10.7). Similarly, analysis of DU participants revealed that moderate anaemia (aOR 2.5; 95% CI 1.1-5.4) and fever within the past week (aOR 5.8; 95% CI 2.4-13.9) were strongly associated with peripheral and/or placental parasitaemia. Malaria-related admissions were more frequent among pregnant women in Bastar, the district with greater malaria prevalence (51% vs. 11%, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Given the overall low prevalence of malaria, a strategy of enhanced anti-vector measures coupled with intermittent screening and targeted treatment during pregnancy should be considered for preventing malaria-associated morbidity in central India. C1 [Singh, Neeru] Reg Med Res Ctr Tribals, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. [Singh, Neeru; Singh, Mrigendra P.; Hussain, Mobassir] Natl Inst Malaria Res Field Stn, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. [Wylie, Blair J.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Kojo, Yeboah A.; Sabin, Lora; Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Ctr Global Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Kojo, Yeboah A.; Sabin, Lora; Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Shekhar, Chander] Indian Council Med Res, Dept Reprod Hlth & Nutr, New Delhi, India. [Desai, Meghna; Udhayakumar, V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Zambia Ctr Appl Hlth Res & Dev, Lusaka, Zambia. RP Singh, N (reprint author), Reg Med Res Ctr Tribals, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. EM neeru.singh@gmail.com OI Hamer, Davidson/0000-0002-4700-1495 FU Indo-U.S. Collaborative Network; Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR); National Institute of Child Health and Development [1 R03 HD52167-01] FX This work was supported by the Indo-U.S. Collaborative Network with funding from the Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR) and the National Institute of Child Health and Development (1 R03 HD52167-01). The contents of this manuscript are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the ICMR or the National Institute of Health. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 274 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-11-274 PG 14 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 033HZ UT WOS:000310786300001 PM 22882903 ER PT J AU Epstein, MP Duncan, R Jiang, YX Conneely, KN Allen, AS Satten, GA AF Epstein, Michael P. Duncan, Richard Jiang, Yunxuan Conneely, Karen N. Allen, Andrew S. Satten, Glen A. TI A Permutation Procedure to Correct for Confounders in Case-Control Studies, Including Tests of Rare Variation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID WHOLE-GENOME ASSOCIATION; POPULATION STRATIFICATION; GENETIC-ASSOCIATION; DISEASE VARIANTS; COMMON DISEASES; SEQUENCE DATA; STRATEGIES; DISORDERS; MAP AB Many case-control tests of rare variation are implemented in statistical frameworks that make correction for confounders like population stratification difficult. Simple permutation of disease status is unacceptable for resolving this issue because the replicate data sets do not have the same confounding as the original data set. These limitations make it difficult to apply rare-variant tests to samples in which confounding most likely exists, e.g., samples collected from admixed populations. To enable the use of such rare-variant methods in structured samples, as well as to facilitate permutation tests for any situation in which case-control tests require adjustment for confounding covariates, we propose to establish the significance of a rare-variant test via a modified permutation procedure. Our procedure uses Fisher's noncentral hypergeometric distribution to generate permuted data sets with the same structure present in the actual data set such that inference is valid in the presence of confounding factors. We use simulated sequence data based on coalescent models to show that our permutation strategy corrects for confounding due to population stratification that, if ignored, would otherwise inflate the size of a rare-variant test. We further illustrate the approach by using sequence data from the Dallas Heart Study of energy metabolism traits. Researchers can implement our permutation approach by using the R package BiasedUrn. C1 [Epstein, Michael P.; Duncan, Richard; Conneely, Karen N.] Emory Univ, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Jiang, Yunxuan] Emory Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Allen, Andrew S.] Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Satten, Glen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Epstein, MP (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM mpepste@emory.edu OI Satten, Glen/0000-0001-7275-5371 FU National Institutes of Health [HG003618, MH084680]; National Institutes of Health FX Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants HG003618 (to M.P.E and R.D.) and MH084680 (to A.S.A). We thank Jonathan Cohen for providing us with sequence data from the Dallas Heart Study. We thank Michael Boehnke and three anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments that improved this article. We thank Cheryl Strauss for assistance with technical editing of the article. Funding support for "Genome-Wide Association Study of Schizophrenia" was provided by the National Institutes of Health, and the genotyping of samples was a courtesy of the Genetic Association Information Network. The data set used for the analyses described in this manuscript was obtained from the database of Genotype and Phenotype (dbGaP) found at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gap through dbGaP accession number phs000021.v2.p1. Samples and associated phenotype data for "Genome-Wide Association Study of Schizophrenia" were provided by Pablo V. Gejman, MD. NR 41 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD AUG 10 PY 2012 VL 91 IS 2 BP 215 EP 223 DI 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.06.004 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 990CN UT WOS:000307608700001 PM 22818855 ER PT J AU Yin, ZD Asay, GRB Zhang, L Li, YX Zuo, SY Hutin, YJ Ning, GJ Sandhu, HS Cairns, L Luo, HM AF Yin, Zundong Asay, Garrett R. Beeler Zhang, Li Li, Yixing Zuo, Shuyan Hutin, Yvan J. Ning, Guijun Sandhu, Hardeep S. Cairns, Lisa Luo, Huiming CA Guizhou JE Study Grp TI An economic evaluation of the use of Japanese encephalitis vaccine in the expanded program of immunization of Guizhou province, China SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Japanese encephalitis; Cost-effectiveness analysis; Vaccination; China ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS; CLINICAL-FEATURES; INSURANCE; DISEASE; BURDEN AB Background: Historically, China's Japanese encephalitis vaccination program was a mix of household purchase of vaccine and government provision of vaccine in some endemic provinces. In 2006, Guizhou, a highly endemic province in South West China, integrated JE vaccine into the provincial Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI); later, in 2007 China fully integrated 28 provinces into the national EPI, including Guizhou, allowing for vaccine and syringe costs to be paid at the national level. We conducted a retrospective economic analysis of JE integration into EPI in Guizhou province. Methods: We modeled two theoretical cohorts of 100,000 persons for 65 years; one using JE live-attenuated vaccine in EPI (first dose: 95% coverage and 94.5% efficacy; second dose: 85% coverage and 98% efficacy) and one not. We assumed 60% sensitivity of surveillance for reported JE rates, 25% case fatality, 30% chronic disability and 3% discounting. We reviewed acute care medical records and interviewed a sample of survivors to estimate direct and indirect costs of illness. We reviewed the EPI offices expenditures in 2009 to estimate the average Guizhou program cost per vaccine dose. Results: Use of JE vaccine in EPI for 100,000 persons would cost 434,898 US$ each year (46% of total cost due to vaccine) and prevent 406 JE cases, 102 deaths, and 122 chronic disabilities (4554 DALYs). If we ignore future cost savings and only use EPI program cost, the program would cost 95.5 US$/DALY, less than China Gross Domestic Product per capita in 2009 (3741 US$). From a cost-benefit perspective taking into account future savings, use of JE vaccine in EPI for a 100,000-person cohort would lead to savings of 1,591,975 US$ for the health system and 11,570,989 US$ from the societal perspective. Conclusions: In Guizhou, China, use of JE vaccine in EPI is a cost effective investment. Furthermore, it would lead to savings for the health system and society. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yin, Zundong; Li, Yixing; Ning, Guijun; Luo, Huiming] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Programme, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. [Asay, Garrett R. Beeler; Sandhu, Hardeep S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zhang, Li] Guizhou Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Guiyang 550004, Peoples R China. [Zuo, Shuyan; Hutin, Yvan J.; Cairns, Lisa] World Hlth Org, Beijing 100600, Peoples R China. RP Luo, HM (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Programme, 27 Nanwei Rd, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. EM yinzdnip@hotmail.com; GBeelerAsay@cdc.gov; zhangli@gzcdc.gov.cn; liyx@chinacdc.cn; zuosh@wpro.who.int; yvan.hutin@ecdc.europa.eu; ninggj@chinacdc.cn; hsandhu@cdc.gov; LCairns@cdc.gov; hmluo@vip.sina.com FU WHO China Office; China CDC; US CDC FX The authors thank Dr. Xiaofeng Liang at China CDC for his helpful support of this project. We also thank Drs. Maya Vijayaraghavan, Fangjun Zhou, Mark Messonnier, Susan Hills, Marc Fischer at US CDC and Dr. Chutima Suraratdecha at PATH. We are very grateful for the contributions of the staff at Guizhou provincial CDC, Guiyang and Zunyi prefecture CDCs, the county CDCs, as well as the clinical doctors and parents whose support and participation made our surveys possible.Conflict of interest statement: None reported by the authors. Funding: Financial support was provided by WHO China Office, China CDC and US CDC. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 10 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 37 BP 5569 EP 5577 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.05.068 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 991JR UT WOS:000307697800021 PM 22698453 ER PT J AU Bergeron, M Daneau, G Ding, T Sitoe, NE Westerman, LE Stokx, J Jani, IV Coetzee, LM Scott, L De Weggheleire, A Boel, L Stevens, WS Glencross, DK Peter, TF AF Bergeron, Michele Daneau, Geraldine Ding, Tao Sitoe, Nadia E. Westerman, Larry E. Stokx, Jocelijn Jani, Ilesh V. Coetzee, Lindi M. Scott, Lesley De Weggheleire, Anja Boel, Luc Stevens, Wendy S. Glencross, Deborah K. Peter, Trevor F. TI Performance of the PointCare NOW System for CD4 Counting in HIV Patients Based on Five Independent Evaluations SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; QUALITY ASSESSMENT; ADULTS; INITIATION; AGREEMENT; PROGRAM; CARE AB Introduction: Point-of-care (POC) CD4 testing can improve access to treatment by enabling decentralization and reducing patient loss-to-follow-up. As new POC CD4 technologies become available, their performance should be assessed before widespread deployment. This study reports the findings of five independent evaluations of the PointCare NOW CD4 system. Materials/Methods: Evaluations were conducted in Southern Africa (Mozambique, South Africa) and North America (Canada, USA). 492 blood samples (55 from HIV-negative blood donors and 437 from HIV-infected patients, including 20 children aged between 12 and 59 months) were tested with both the PointCare NOW and reference flow cytometry instruments. Assessment of bias, precision and levels of clinical misclassification for absolute and percent CD4 count was conducted. Results: PointCare NOW significantly overestimated CD4 absolute counts with a mean relative bias of +35.0%. Bias was greater in samples with CD4 counts below <= 350cells/mu l (+51.3%) than in the CD4 >350cells/mu l stratum (15.1%). Bias in CD4% had a similar trend with an overall relative mean bias of +25.6% and a larger bias for low CD4 stratum (+40.2%) than the higher CD4 stratum (+5.8%). Relative bias for CD4% in children was -6.8%. In terms of repeatability, PointCare NOW had a coefficient of variation of 11%. Using a threshold of 350cells/mu l, only 47% of patients who qualified for antiretroviral therapy with reference CD4 testing, would have been eligible for treatment with PointCare NOW test results. This was 39% using a 200cells/mu l threshold. Agreement with infant samples was higher, with 90% qualifying at a 25% eligibility threshold. Conclusion: The performance of the PointCare NOW instrument for absolute and percent CD4 enumeration was inadequate for HIV clinical management in adults. In children, the small sample size was not large enough to draw a conclusion. This study also highlights the importance of independent evaluation of new diagnostic technology platforms before deployment. C1 [Bergeron, Michele; Ding, Tao] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Lab HIV Immunol, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Daneau, Geraldine; Boel, Luc] Inst Trop Med, Immunol Unit, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. [Sitoe, Nadia E.; Jani, Ilesh V.] Inst Nacl Saude, Maputo, Mozambique. [Westerman, Larry E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Coetzee, Lindi M.; Scott, Lesley; Stevens, Wendy S.; Glencross, Deborah K.] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Pathol, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Peter, Trevor F.] Clinton Hlth Access Initiat, Maputo, Mozambique. RP Bergeron, M (reprint author), Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Lab HIV Immunol, Ottawa, ON, Canada. EM gdaneau@itg.be FU UNITAID; Absolute Return for Kids; Flemish International Cooperation Agency (VLIR, Flemish inter-university council); USAIDS FX The study in Maputo, Mozambique, was supported by UNITAID and Absolute Return for Kids. The study in Tete, Mozambique, was conducted within a collaborative health project financed by the Flemish International Cooperation Agency (VLIR, Flemish inter-university council). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention protocol was funded by USAIDS. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 9 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e41166 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0041166 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 986WZ UT WOS:000307378500004 PM 22912668 ER PT J AU Khan, SU Gurley, ES Hossain, MJ Nahar, N Sharker, MAY Luby, SP AF Khan, Salah Uddin Gurley, Emily S. Hossain, M. Jahangir Nahar, Nazmun Sharker, M. A. Yushuf Luby, Stephen P. TI A Randomized Controlled Trial of Interventions to Impede Date Palm Sap Contamination by Bats to Prevent Nipah Virus Transmission in Bangladesh SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB Background: Drinking raw date palm sap is a risk factor for human Nipah virus (NiV) infection. Fruit bats, the natural reservoir of NiV, commonly contaminate raw sap with saliva by licking date palm's sap producing surface. We evaluated four types of physical barriers that may prevent bats from contacting sap. Methods: During 2009, we used a crossover design and randomly selected 20 date palm sap producing trees and observed each tree for 2 nights: one night with a bamboo skirt intervention applied and one night without the intervention. During 2010, we selected 120 trees and randomly assigned four types of interventions to 15 trees each: bamboo, dhoincha (local plant), jute stick and polythene skirts covering the shaved part, sap stream, tap and collection pot. We enrolled the remaining 60 trees as controls. We used motion sensor activated infrared cameras to examine bat contact with sap. Results: During 2009 bats contacted date palm sap in 85% of observation nights when no intervention was used compared with 35% of nights when the intervention was used [p<0.001]. Bats were able to contact the sap when the skirt did not entirely cover the sap producing surface. Therefore, in 2010 we requested the sap harvesters to use larger skirts. During 2010 bats contacted date palm sap [2% vs. 83%, p<0.001] less frequently in trees protected with skirts compared to control trees. No bats contacted sap in trees with bamboo (p<0.001 compared to control), dhoincha skirt (p<0.001) or polythene covering (p<0.001), but bats did contact sap during one night (7%) with the jute stick skirt (p<0.001). Conclusion: Bamboo, dhoincha, jute stick and polythene skirts covering the sap producing areas of a tree effectively prevented bat-sap contact. Community interventions should promote applying these skirts to prevent occasional Nipah spillovers to human. C1 [Khan, Salah Uddin; Gurley, Emily S.; Hossain, M. Jahangir; Nahar, Nazmun; Sharker, M. A. Yushuf; Luby, Stephen P.] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Luby, Stephen P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Khan, SU (reprint author), Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. EM khansu@icddrb.org RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010 OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403 FU United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5U01CI00298-05, 3U01CI00628-01] FX This research study was funded by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) grant numbers 5U01CI00298-05 and 3U01CI00628-01. ICDDR,B acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of the CDC to it's research efforts. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC or the ICDDR, B. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 24 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 8 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e42689 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0042689 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 986GX UT WOS:000307331100056 PM 22905160 ER PT J AU Patel, MM AF Patel, Manish M. TI Rotavirus vaccination programmes SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material ID VACCINES; GASTROENTERITIS; BENEFITS; EFFICACY; CHILDREN; SAFETY; RISK C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Patel, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aul3@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1756-1833 J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD AUG 8 PY 2012 VL 345 AR e5286 DI 10.1136/bmj.e5286 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 988ND UT WOS:000307496800015 PM 22875954 ER PT J AU Yusuf, HR Tsai, J Atrash, HK Boulet, S Grosse, SD AF Yusuf, Hussain R. Tsai, James Atrash, Hani K. Boulet, Sheree Grosse, Scott D. TI Venous Thromboembolism in Adult Hospitalizations-United States, 2007-2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 22, pg 401-404, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; RISK C1 [Yusuf, Hussain R.; Tsai, James; Atrash, Hani K.; Boulet, Sheree; Grosse, Scott D.] CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Yusuf, HR (reprint author), CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hyusuf@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 8 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 6 BP 559 EP 561 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 984YA UT WOS:000307228400009 ER PT J AU Caixeta, RB Sinha, DN Khoury, RN Rarick, J Fouad, H Birckmayer, J Feighery, E Andes, LJ Pechacek, T Asma, S AF Caixeta, Roberta B. Sinha, Dhirendra N. Khoury, Rula N. Rarick, James Fouad, Heba Birckmayer, Johanna Feighery, Ellen Andes, Linda J. Pechacek, Terry Asma, Samira TI Adult Awareness of Tobacco Advertising, Promotion, and Sponsorship-14 Countries (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 365-369, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Andes, Linda J.; Pechacek, Terry; Asma, Samira] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Caixeta, Roberta B.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. [Sinha, Dhirendra N.] WHO, SE Asian Reg Off, Geneva, Switzerland. [Khoury, Rula N.] WHO, European Reg Off, Geneva, Switzerland. [Rarick, James] WHO, Western Pacific Off, Geneva, Switzerland. [Fouad, Heba] WHO, Eastern Mediterranean Reg Off, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Andes, LJ (reprint author), CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM landes@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 8 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 6 BP 561 EP 562 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 984YA UT WOS:000307228400010 ER PT J AU Kit, BK Carroll, MD Lacher, DA Sorlie, PD DeJesus, JM Ogden, CL AF Kit, Brian K. Carroll, Margaret D. Lacher, David A. Sorlie, Paul D. DeJesus, Janet M. Ogden, Cynthia L. TI Trends in Serum Lipids Among US Youths Aged 6 to 19 Years, 1988-2010 SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; CHILDHOOD; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; PREVALENCE; ADULTHOOD; SMOKING AB Context For more than 20 years, primary prevention of coronary heart disease has included strategies intended to improve overall serum lipid concentrations among youths. Objective To examine trends in lipid concentrations among youths from 19881994 through 2007-2010. Design, Setting, and Participants Cross-sectional analysis of serum lipid concentrations among 16 116 youths aged 6 to 19 years who participated in the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 3 time periods: 1988-1994, 1999-2002, and 2007-2010. Main Outcome Measures Among all youths, mean serum total cholesterol (TC), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C); and among adolescents only, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and geometric mean triglyceride levels. Trends in adverse lipid concentrations are reported for TC levels of 200 mg/dL and greater, non-HDL-C levels of 145 mg/dL and greater, HDL-C levels of less than 40 mg/dL, LDL-C levels of 130 mg/dL and greater, and triglyceride levels of 130 mg/dL and greater. Results Among youths aged 6 to 19 years between 1988-1994 and 2007-2010, there was a decrease in mean TC (from 165 mg/dL [95% CI, 164-167] to 160 mg/dL [95% CI, 158-161]; P<.001) and a decrease in the prevalence of elevated TC (from 11.3% [95% CI, 9.8%-12.7%] to 8.1% [95% CI, 6.7%-9.5%]; P=.002). Mean HDL-C significantly increased between 1988-1994 and 2007-2010, but the prevalence of low HDL-C did not change. Mean non-HDL-C and prevalence of elevated non-HDL-C both significantly decreased over the study period. In 2007-2010, 22% (95% CI, 20.3%-23.6%) of youths had either a low HDL-C level or high non-HDL-C, which was lower than the 27.2% (95% CI, 24.6%-29.7%) in 1988-1994 (P=.001). Among adolescents (aged 12-19 years) between 1988-1994 and 2007-2010, there was a decrease in mean LDL-C (from 95 mg/dL [95% CI, 92-98] to 90 mg/dL [95% CI, 88-91]; P=.003) and a decrease in geometric mean triglycerides (from 82 mg/dL [95% CI, 78-86] to 73 mg/dL [95% CI, 70-76]; P<.001). Prevalence of elevated LDL-C and triglycerides between 1988-1994 and 2007-2010 also significantly decreased. Conclusions Between 1988-1994 and 2007-2010, a favorable trend in serum lipid concentrations was observed among youths in the United States but almost 1 in 10 had elevated TC in 2007-2010. JAMA. 2012;308(6):591-600 C1 [Kit, Brian K.; Carroll, Margaret D.; Lacher, David A.; Ogden, Cynthia L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Kit, Brian K.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Sorlie, Paul D.] NHLBI, Div Cardiovasc Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [DeJesus, Janet M.] NHLBI, Div Applicat Res Discoveries, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Kit, BK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,MS PO8,Room 4419, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM bkit@cdc.gov FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health [Y1-HC-8039] FX The laboratory analysis of the lipids described in this paper was funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Intra-agency Agreement number Y1-HC-8039. NR 53 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 8 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 6 BP 591 EP 600 DI 10.1001/jama.2012.9136 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 984YA UT WOS:000307228400026 PM 22871871 ER PT J AU Prosser, AT Tang, T Hall, HI AF Prosser, Adria Tassy Tang, Tian Hall, H. Irene TI HIV in Persons Born Outside the United States, 2007-2010 SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID FOREIGN-BORN; SURVEILLANCE DATA; MEXICAN MIGRANTS; MENTAL-HEALTH; NATIVE-BORN; HIV/AIDS; INFECTION; EPIDEMIC; CARE; IMMIGRANTS AB Context Persons born outside the United States comprise about 13% of the US population, and the challenges these persons face in accessing health care may lead to poorer human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease outcomes. Objective To describe the epidemiology of HIV among persons born outside the United States and among US-born persons diagnosed in the United States. Design, Setting, and Participants Analysis of the estimated number of US-born persons and persons born outside the United States diagnosed with HIV from 2007 through 2010 in 46 states and 5 US territories, the demographic characteristics, and the HIV transmission risk factors reported to the National HIV Surveillance System. Foreign-born persons were defined as persons born outside the United States and its territories, inclusive of naturalized citizens. Main Outcome Measure Diagnosis of HIV infection. Results From 2007 through 2010, HIV was diagnosed in 191 697 persons in the US population; of these, 16.2% (95% CI, 16.0%-16.3%) (n=30 995) were born outside the United States. Of the 25 255 persons with a specified country or region of birth outside the United States, 14.5% (n=3656) were from Africa, 41.0% (n=10 343) were from Central America (including Mexico), and 21.5% (n=5418) were from the Caribbean. The 4 states (California, Florida, New York, and Texas) reporting the highest numbers of persons born outside the United States and diagnosed with HIV were also the top 4 reporters of HIV cases overall. Among persons born outside the United States with HIV, 73.5% (n=22 773) were male. Among whites, 1841 of 55 574 (3.3%) of HIV diagnoses were in persons born outside the United States; in blacks, 8614 of 86 547 diagnoses (10.0%); in Hispanics, 17 913 of 42 431 diagnoses (42.2%); and in Asians, 1987 of 3088 diagnoses (64.3%). The percentage infected through heterosexual contact was 39.4% among persons born outside the United States vs 27.2% for US-born persons. Conclusions Among persons in 46 US states and 5 US territories who received a diagnosis of HIV from 2007 through 2010, 16.2% were born outside the United States. Compared with US-born persons diagnosed with HIV, persons born outside the United States had different epidemiologic characteristics. JAMA. 2012;308(6):601-607 Published online July 22, 2012. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.9046 C1 [Prosser, Adria Tassy; Hall, H. Irene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tang, Tian] ICF Int Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Prosser, AT (reprint author), CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ahp8@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funds all states and the District of Columbia to conduct HIV surveillance and selected areas to conduct HIV incidence surveillance and provides technical assistance to all funded areas. NR 51 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 8 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 6 BP 601 EP 607 DI 10.1001/jama.2012.9046 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 984YA UT WOS:000307228400027 PM 22820630 ER PT J AU Bronner, LE Podewils, LJ Peters, A Somnath, P Nshuti, L van der Walt, M Mametja, LD AF Bronner, Liza E. Podewils, Laura J. Peters, Annatjie Somnath, Pushpakanthi Nshuti, Lorna van der Walt, Martie Mametja, Lerole David TI Impact of community tracer teams on treatment outcomes among tuberculosis patients in South Africa SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Default; Community mobilization; Treatment adherence; Outreach ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; RISK-FACTORS; DEFAULT; ADHERENCE; MORTALITY; INDIA; HIV AB Background: Tuberculosis (TB) indicators in South Africa currently remain well below global targets. In 2008, the National Tuberculosis Program (NTP) implemented a community mobilization program in all nine provinces to trace TB patients that had missed a treatment or clinic visit. Implementation sites were selected by TB program managers and teams liaised with health facilities to identify patients for tracing activities. The objective of this analysis was to assess the impact of the TB Tracer Project on treatment outcomes among TB patients. Methods: The study population included all smear positive TB patients registered in the Electronic TB Registry from Quarter 1 2007-Quarter 1 2009 in South Africa. Subdistricts were used as the unit of analysis, with each designated as either tracer (standard TB program plus tracer project) or non-tracer (standard TB program only). Mixed linear regression models were utilized to calculate the percent quarterly change in treatment outcomes and to compare changes in treatment outcomes from Quarter 1 2007 to Quarter 1 2009 between tracer and non-tracer subdistricts. Results: For all provinces combined, the percent quarterly change decreased significantly for default treatment outcomes among tracer subdistricts (-0.031%; p < 0.001) and increased significantly for successful treatment outcomes among tracer subdistricts (0.003%; p = 0.03). A significant decrease in the proportion of patient default was observed for all provinces combined over the time period comparing tracer and non-tracer subdistricts (p = 0.02). Examination in stratified models revealed the results were not consistent across all provinces; significant differences were observed between tracer and non-tracer subdistricts over time in five of nine provinces for treatment default. Conclusions: Community mobilization of teams to trace TB patients that missed a clinic appointment or treatment dose may be an effective strategy to mitigate default rates and improve treatment outcomes. Additional information is necessary to identify best practices and elucidate discrepancies across provinces; these findings will help guide the NTP in optimizing the adoption of tracing activities for TB control. C1 [Bronner, Liza E.; Podewils, Laura J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Peters, Annatjie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, ZA-0007 Arcadia, South Africa. [Somnath, Pushpakanthi; Nshuti, Lorna; van der Walt, Martie] S African MRC, TB Epidemiol & Intervent Res Unit, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. [Mametja, Lerole David] Republ S Africa Natl Dept Hlth, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. RP Bronner, LE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jqu1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention South Africa Global AIDS Program; South African Medical Research Council [5 U51 PS000729-05, PA PS07-006]; European Union FX Evaluation of the project was made possible through the support of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention South Africa Global AIDS Program, and through funding and collaboration with the South African Medical Research Council (Cooperative Agreement 5 U51 PS000729-05, PA PS07-006). We would also like to thank the European Union for financing the planning, implementation and monitoring of the Tracer Project. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD AUG 7 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 621 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-12-621 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 037GA UT WOS:000311089000001 PM 22871071 ER PT J AU Capo-Ramos, DE Gao, Y Lubin, JH Check, DP Goldin, LR Pesatori, AC Consonni, D Bertazzi, PA Saxon, AJ Bergen, AW Caporaso, NE Landi, MT AF Capo-Ramos, David E. Gao, Ying Lubin, Jay H. Check, David P. Goldin, Lynn R. Pesatori, Angela C. Consonni, Dario Bertazzi, Pier Alberto Saxon, Andrew J. Bergen, Andrew W. Caporaso, Neil E. Landi, Maria Teresa TI Mood Disorders and Risk of Lung Cancer in the EAGLE Case-Control Study and in the US Veterans Affairs Inpatient Cohort SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BIPOLAR DISORDER; MAJOR DEPRESSION; RECORD-LINKAGE; SEROTONIN; GENETICS; SMOKING; ANTIDEPRESSANTS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; ENVIRONMENT; POPULATION AB Background: Mood disorders may affect lung cancer risk. We evaluated this hypothesis in two large studies. Methodology/Principal Findings: We examined 1,939 lung cancer cases and 2,102 controls from the Environment And Genetics in Lung cancer Etiology (EAGLE) case-control study conducted in Italy (2002-2005), and 82,945 inpatients with a lung cancer diagnosis and 3,586,299 person-years without a lung cancer diagnosis in the U. S. Veterans Affairs Inpatient Cohort (VA study), composed of veterans with a VA hospital admission (1969-1996). In EAGLE, we calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), with extensive adjustment for tobacco smoking and multiple lifestyle factors. In the VA study, we estimated lung cancer relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs with time-dependent Poisson regression, adjusting for attained age, calendar year, hospital visits, time within the study, and related previous medical diagnoses. In EAGLE, we found decreased lung cancer risk in subjects with a personal history of mood disorders (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.44-0.79, based on 121 lung cancer incident cases and 192 controls) and family history of mood disorders (OR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.50-0.77, based on 223 lung cancer cases and 345 controls). The VA study analyses yielded similar results (RR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.71-0.77, based on 2,304 incident lung cancer cases and 177,267 non-cancer person-years) in men with discharge diagnoses for mood disorders. History of mood disorders was associated with nicotine dependence, alcohol and substance use and psychometric scales of depressive and anxiety symptoms in controls for these studies. Conclusions/Significance: The consistent finding of a relationship between mood disorders and lung cancer risk across two large studies calls for further research into the complex interplay of risk factors associated with these two widespread and debilitating diseases. Although we adjusted for smoking effects in EAGLE, residual confounding of the results by smoking cannot be ruled out. C1 [Capo-Ramos, David E.; Gao, Ying; Lubin, Jay H.; Check, David P.; Goldin, Lynn R.; Caporaso, Neil E.; Landi, Maria Teresa] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Pesatori, Angela C.; Consonni, Dario; Bertazzi, Pier Alberto] Univ Milan, Epidemiol Res Ctr, EPOCA, Milan, Italy. [Pesatori, Angela C.; Consonni, Dario; Bertazzi, Pier Alberto] Fdn IRCCS Ca Granda Osped Maggiore Policlin, Epidemiol Unit, Milan, Italy. [Saxon, Andrew J.] Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. [Saxon, Andrew J.] Addict Psychiat Residency Program, Seattle, WA USA. [Saxon, Andrew J.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bergen, Andrew W.] SRI Int, Ctr Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Program, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Capo-Ramos, DE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM landim@mail.nih.gov RI Consonni, Dario/K-7943-2016; bertazzi, pietro alberto/D-5039-2017; OI Consonni, Dario/0000-0002-8935-3843; bertazzi, pietro alberto/0000-0003-3475-2449; Bergen, Andrew/0000-0002-1237-7644; pesatori, angela/0000-0002-0261-3252 FU National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute (Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics); Region of Lombardy, Milan, Italy (Environmental Epidemiology Program); Center of Excellence in Substance Abuse Treatment and Education at VA Puget Sound Health Care System; NIH [U01DA020830, RC2DA028793] FX Funding for this study was provided by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute (Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics) and by the Region of Lombardy, Milan, Italy (Environmental Epidemiology Program). Dr. Saxon is supported by the Center of Excellence in Substance Abuse Treatment and Education at VA Puget Sound Health Care System. Dr. Bergen is supported by NIH grants U01DA020830 and RC2DA028793. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 7 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e42945 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0042945 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 987SL UT WOS:000307437900063 PM 22880133 ER PT J AU Kigozi, R Baxi, SM Gasasira, A Sserwanga, A Kakeeto, S Nasr, S Rubahika, D Dissanayake, G Kamya, MR Filler, S Dorsey, G AF Kigozi, Ruth Baxi, Sanjiv M. Gasasira, Anne Sserwanga, Asadu Kakeeto, Stella Nasr, Sussann Rubahika, Denis Dissanayake, Gunawardena Kamya, Moses R. Filler, Scott Dorsey, Grant TI Indoor Residual Spraying of Insecticide and Malaria Morbidity in a High Transmission Intensity Area of Uganda SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TOME-AND-PRINCIPE; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; TREATED NETS; RESISTANCE; MOZAMBIQUE; AFRICA; BENIN AB Background: Recently the use of indoor residual spraying of insecticide (IRS) has greatly increased in Africa; however, limited data exist on the quantitative impacts of IRS on health outcomes in highly malaria endemic areas. Methodology/Principal Findings: Routine data were collected on more than 90,000 patient visits at a single health facility over a 56 month period covering five rounds of IRS using three different insecticides. Temporal associations between the timing of IRS and the probability of a patient referred for microscopy having laboratory confirmed malaria were estimated controlling for seasonality and age. Considering patients less than five years of age there was a modest decrease in the odds of malaria following the 1st round of IRS using DDT (OR = 0.76, p<0.001) and the 2nd round using alpha-cypermethrin (OR = 0.83, p = 0.002). Following rounds 3-5 using bendiocarb there was a much greater decrease in the odds of malaria (ORs 0.34, 0.16, 0.17 respectively, p<0.001 for all comparisons). Overall, the impact of IRS was less pronounced among patients 5 years or older. Conclusions/Significance: IRS was associated with a reduction in malaria morbidity in an area of high transmission intensity in Uganda and the benefits appeared to be greatest after switching to a carbamate class of insecticide. C1 [Kigozi, Ruth; Gasasira, Anne; Sserwanga, Asadu; Kakeeto, Stella] Uganda Malaria Surveillance Project, Kampala, Uganda. [Baxi, Sanjiv M.; Dorsey, Grant] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Internal Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Nasr, Sussann; Filler, Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rubahika, Denis] Uganda Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Dissanayake, Gunawardena] Presidents Malaria Initiat, Kampala, Uganda. [Kamya, Moses R.] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. RP Kigozi, R (reprint author), Uganda Malaria Surveillance Project, Kampala, Uganda. EM gdorsey@medsfgh.ucsf.edu FU U.S. President's Malaria Initiative; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U51CK000117]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health [U19AI089674] FX This work was supported by the U.S. President's Malaria Initiative through a cooperative agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1U51CK000117) and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health (U19AI089674). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 28 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 6 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e42857 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0042857 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 992WD UT WOS:000307810000078 PM 22880123 ER PT J AU Lopman, BA Pitzer, VE Sarkar, R Gladstone, B Patel, M Glasser, J Gambhir, M Atchison, C Grenfell, BT Edmunds, WJ Kang, G Parashar, UD AF Lopman, Benjamin A. Pitzer, Virginia E. Sarkar, Rajiv Gladstone, Beryl Patel, Manish Glasser, John Gambhir, Manoj Atchison, Christina Grenfell, Bryan T. Edmunds, W. John Kang, Gagandeep Parashar, Umesh D. TI Understanding Reduced Rotavirus Vaccine Efficacy in Low Socio-Economic Settings SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FINNISH CHILDREN; DOUBLE-BLIND; CVD 103-HGR; SAFETY; GASTROENTERITIS; INFANTS; IMMUNOGENICITY; DIARRHEA; AUSTRALIA; MORTALITY AB Introduction: Rotavirus vaccine efficacy ranges from >90% in high socio-economic settings (SES) to 50% in low SES. With the imminent introduction of rotavirus vaccine in low SES countries, understanding reasons for reduced efficacy in these settings could identify strategies to improve vaccine performance. Methods: We developed a mathematical model to predict rotavirus vaccine efficacy in high, middle and low SES based on data specific for each setting on incidence, protection conferred by natural infection and immune response to vaccination. We then examined factors affecting efficacy. Results: Vaccination was predicted to prevent 93%, 86% and 51% of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in high, middle and low SES, respectively. Also predicted was that vaccines are most effective against severe disease and efficacy declines with age in low but not high SES. Reduced immunogenicity of vaccination and reduced protection conferred by natural infection are the main factors that compromise efficacy in low SES. Discussion: The continued risk of severe disease in non-primary natural infections in low SES is a key factor underpinning reduced efficacy of rotavirus vaccines. Predicted efficacy was remarkably consistent with observed clinical trial results from different SES, validating the model. The phenomenon of reduced vaccine efficacy can be predicted by intrinsic immunological and epidemiological factors of low SES populations. Modifying aspects of the vaccine (e. g. improving immunogenicity in low SES) and vaccination program (e. g. additional doses) may bring improvements. C1 [Lopman, Benjamin A.; Patel, Manish; Glasser, John; Gambhir, Manoj; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pitzer, Virginia E.; Grenfell, Bryan T.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Pitzer, Virginia E.; Grenfell, Bryan T.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Sarkar, Rajiv; Gladstone, Beryl] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Gastrointestinal Sci, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. [Gambhir, Manoj; Kang, Gagandeep] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, MRC Ctr Outbreaks Anal & Modelling, London, England. [Atchison, Christina; Edmunds, W. John] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London WC1, England. RP Lopman, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM blopman@cdc.gov OI Atchison, Christina/0000-0001-8304-7389; Pitzer, Virginia/0000-0003-1015-2289 FU National Institutes of Health [R01 GM083983-01]; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; RAPIDD program of the Science & Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health; Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI) FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (R01 GM083983-01), the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the RAPIDD program of the Science & Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security, the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health (V. E. P and B. G.). Additional Support for this project was provided by Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through funding from the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI). The views expressed by the authors do not necessarily reflect the views of GAVI and/or PATH. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 38 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 6 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e41720 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0041720 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 992WD UT WOS:000307810000009 PM 22879893 ER PT J AU Ma, XY Niezgoda, M Blanton, JD Recuenco, S Rupprecht, CE AF Ma, Xiaoyue Niezgoda, Michael Blanton, Jesse D. Recuenco, Sergio Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Evaluation of a new serological technique for detecting rabies virus antibodies following vaccination SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Rabies neutralizing antibody; RFFIT; ECL test ID NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; ELISA TEST; GLYCOPROTEIN; PROTECTION; CARNIVORES; ASSAY; QUANTITATION; TITRATION; IMMUNITY; FOXES AB Two major techniques are currently used to estimate rabies virus antibody values: neutralization assays, such as the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). The RFFIT is considered the gold standard assay and has been used to assess the titer of rabies virus neutralizing antibodies for more than three decades. In the late 1970s, ELISA began to be used to estimate the level of rabies virus antibody and has recently been used by some laboratories as an alternate screening test for animal sera. Although the ELISA appears simpler, safer and more efficient, the assay is less sensitive in detecting low values of rabies virus neutralizing antibodies than neutralization tests. This study was designed to evaluate a new ELISA-based method for detecting rabies virus binding antibody. This new technique uses electro-chemi-luminescence labels and carbon electrode plates to detect binding events. In this comparative study, the RFFIT and the new ELISA-based technique were used to evaluate the level of rabies virus antibodies in human and animal serum samples. By using a conservative approximation of 0.15 IU/ml as a cutoff point, the new ELISA-based technique demonstrated a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 95% for human samples and for experimental animal samples. The sensitivity and specificity for field animal samples was 96% and 95%, respectively. The preliminary results from this study appear promising and demonstrate a higher sensitivity than traditional ELISA methods. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ma, Xiaoyue; Niezgoda, Michael; Blanton, Jesse D.; Recuenco, Sergio; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Program, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol,Natl Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ma, XY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Program, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol,Natl Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hjv4@cdc.gov OI Recuenco-Cabrera, Sergio/0000-0002-8446-7411 NR 24 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 3 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 36 BP 5358 EP 5362 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.06.037 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 991KB UT WOS:000307698800010 PM 22749835 ER PT J AU Sazzad, HMS Rainey, JJ Mach, O Sutter, R Diordista, S Kawser, CA Mobarak, R Alam, D Chowdhury, MA Hossain, MJ Hasan, ASMM Luby, SP AF Sazzad, Hossain M. S. Rainey, Jeanette J. Mach, Ondrej Sutter, Roland Diordista, Serguei Kawser, Choudhury A. Mobarak, Reaz Alam, Didarul Chowdhury, Mahmood A. Hossain, M. Jahangir Hasan, A. S. M. Mainul Luby, Stephen P. TI The feasibility of identifying children with primary immunodeficiency disorders: Preparation for the polio post-eradication era in Bangladesh SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Polio; Primary immunodeficiency disorder; Oral polio vaccine; Vaccine associated paralytic polio; Immunodeficiency-associated vaccine-derived poliovirus (iVDPV); Vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) ID VACCINE-DERIVED POLIOVIRUS; PATIENT; AGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA; POLIOMYELITIS; REPLICATION; EVOLUTION; EXCRETION AB Background: Persons with primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDD) who receive oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) or are household contacts of OPV recipients are at risk of excreting immunodeficiency-associated vaccine-derived polioviruses (iVDPVs). iVDPVs can be transmitted and cause paralytic polio. The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of identifying infants and young children with PIDD in Bangladesh, and among those identified, to estimate the proportion excreting iVDPVs. Methods: Patients admitted at 5 referral and teaching hospitals from the hospital catchment area were screened for PIDD using a standardized clinical case definition. PIDD was confirmed using results of testing for age-specific quantitative immunoglobulins (QIGs) levels. Stool specimens were collected according to WHO guidelines from children with confirmed PIDD. Results: During February-July 2009, 13 patients were identified who met the clinical case definition for PIDD; their median age was 1.4 years (range: 2 months to 10 years). Six (46%) of the patients had age-specific QIG results that confirmed PIDD. Stool specimens from four patients tested negative for polio vaccine viruses. All four had received OPV between 50 and 264 days prior to study recruitment. Conclusion: Identifying children with PIDD at referral and teaching hospitals in Bangladesh is feasible, but a larger number of patients is needed to estimate the risk for iVDPV excretion. The national polio eradication program should expand surveillance for PIDD case-patients and regularly test persons with PIDD for poliovirus excretion. These efforts will be essential for developing effective prevention and control strategies following OPV cessation, especially for densely populated and tropical countries like Bangladesh where even a minimal iVDPV risk could have significant public health consequences. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sazzad, Hossain M. S.; Hossain, M. Jahangir; Luby, Stephen P.] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. [Rainey, Jeanette J.; Mach, Ondrej; Luby, Stephen P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sutter, Roland] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Diordista, Serguei; Hasan, A. S. M. Mainul] WHO, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Kawser, Choudhury A.] Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Med Univ, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Mobarak, Reaz] Dhaka Shishu Hosp, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Alam, Didarul] Univ Sci & Technol Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh. [Chowdhury, Mahmood A.] Chattagram Maa O Shishu Gen Hosp, Chittagong, Bangladesh. RP Sazzad, HMS (reprint author), Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. EM sazzad@icddrb.org FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, USA [GR00720] FX This research protocol was funded by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, USA, grant number GR00720. icddr,b acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of CDC to its research efforts. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 3 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 36 BP 5396 EP 5400 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.06.017 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 991KB UT WOS:000307698800016 PM 22728220 ER PT J AU Baeten, JM Donnell, D Ndase, P Mugo, NR Campbell, JD Wangisi, J Tappero, JW Bukusi, EA Cohen, CR Katabira, E Ronald, A Tumwesigye, E Were, E Fife, KH Kiarie, J Farquhar, C John-Stewart, G Kakia, A Odoyo, J Mucunguzi, A Nakku-Joloba, E Twesigye, R Ngure, K Apaka, C Tamooh, H Gabona, F Mujugira, A Panteleeff, D Thomas, KK Kidoguchi, L Krows, M Revall, J Morrison, S Haugen, H Emmanuel-Ogier, M Ondrejcek, L Coombs, RW Frenkel, L Hendrix, C Bumpus, NN Bangsberg, D Haberer, JE Stevens, WS Lingappa, JR Celum, C AF Baeten, J. M. Donnell, D. Ndase, P. Mugo, N. R. Campbell, J. D. Wangisi, J. Tappero, J. W. Bukusi, E. A. Cohen, C. R. Katabira, E. Ronald, A. Tumwesigye, E. Were, E. Fife, K. H. Kiarie, J. Farquhar, C. John-Stewart, G. Kakia, A. Odoyo, J. Mucunguzi, A. Nakku-Joloba, E. Twesigye, R. Ngure, K. Apaka, C. Tamooh, H. Gabona, F. Mujugira, A. Panteleeff, D. Thomas, K. K. Kidoguchi, L. Krows, M. Revall, J. Morrison, S. Haugen, H. Emmanuel-Ogier, M. Ondrejcek, L. Coombs, R. W. Frenkel, L. Hendrix, C. Bumpus, N. N. Bangsberg, D. Haberer, J. E. Stevens, W. S. Lingappa, J. R. Celum, C. CA Partners PrEP Study Team TI Antiretroviral Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention in Heterosexual Men and Women SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; PREEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; CLINICAL-TRIALS; VIRAL LOAD; THERAPY; METAANALYSIS; COUPLES AB Background Antiretroviral preexposure prophylaxis is a promising approach for preventing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in heterosexual populations. Methods We conducted a randomized trial of oral antiretroviral therapy for use as preexposure prophylaxis among HIV-1-serodiscordant heterosexual couples from Kenya and Uganda. The HIV-1-seronegative partner in each couple was randomly assigned to one of three study regimens - once-daily tenofovir (TDF), combination tenofovir-emtricitabine (TDF-FTC), or matching placebo - and followed monthly for up to 36 months. At enrollment, the HIV-1-seropositive partners were not eligible for antiretroviral therapy, according to national guidelines. All couples received standard HIV-1 treatment and prevention services. Results We enrolled 4758 couples, of whom 4747 were followed: 1584 randomly assigned to TDF, 1579 to TDF-FTC, and 1584 to placebo. For 62% of the couples followed, the HIV-1-seronegative partner was male. Among HIV-1-seropositive participants, the median CD4 count was 495 cells per cubic millimeter (interquartile range, 375 to 662). A total of 82 HIV-1 infections occurred in seronegative participants during the study, 17 in the TDF group (incidence, 0.65 per 100 person-years), 13 in the TDF-FTC group (incidence, 0.50 per 100 person-years), and 52 in the placebo group (incidence, 1.99 per 100 person-years), indicating a relative reduction of 67% in the incidence of HIV-1 with TDF (95% confidence interval [CI], 44 to 81; P<0.001) and of 75% with TDF-FTC (95% CI, 55 to 87; P<0.001). Protective effects of TDF-FTC and TDF alone against HIV-1 were not significantly different (P = 0.23), and both study medications significantly reduced the HIV-1 incidence among both men and women. The rate of serious adverse events was similar across the study groups. Eight participants receiving active treatment were found to have been infected with HIV-1 at baseline, and among these eight, antiretroviral resistance developed in two during the study. Conclusions Oral TDF and TDF-FTC both protect against HIV-1 infection in heterosexual men and women. (Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; Partners PrEP ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00557245.) C1 [Baeten, J. M.] Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Int Clin Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Baeten, J. M.; Farquhar, C.; John-Stewart, G.; Coombs, R. W.; Lingappa, J. R.; Celum, C.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Baeten, J. M.; Farquhar, C.; John-Stewart, G.; Celum, C.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Coombs, R. W.; Frenkel, L.] Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Frenkel, L.; Lingappa, J. R.] Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Donnell, D.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Stat Ctr HIV AIDS Res & Prevent, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Ondrejcek, L.] DF Net Res, Seattle, WA USA. [Frenkel, L.] Seattle Childrens Hosp Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Mugo, N. R.; Bukusi, E. A.; Kiarie, J.; Ngure, K.; Tamooh, H.] Univ Nairobi, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mugo, N. R.; Bukusi, E. A.; Kiarie, J.; Ngure, K.; Tamooh, H.] Kenyatta Natl Hosp, Nairobi, Kenya. [Bukusi, E. A.; Odoyo, J.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Microbiol Res, Nairobi, Kenya. [Were, E.; Apaka, C.] Moi Univ, Dept Reprod Hlth, Eldoret, Kenya. [Campbell, J. D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entebbe, Uganda. [Wangisi, J.; Kakia, A.; Mucunguzi, A.] Makerere Univ, AIDS Support Org, Kampala, Uganda. [Katabira, E.; Ronald, A.; Nakku-Joloba, E.; Gabona, F.] Makerere Univ, Infect Dis Inst, Kampala, Uganda. [Tumwesigye, E.; Twesigye, R.] Kabwohe Clin Res Ctr, Kabwohe, Uganda. [Tappero, J. W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bukusi, E. A.; Cohen, C. R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, San Francisco, CA USA. [Ronald, A.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Med, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Fife, K. H.] Indiana Univ, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Hendrix, C.; Bumpus, N. N.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Bangsberg, D.; Haberer, J. E.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Bangsberg, D.; Haberer, J. E.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Stevens, W. S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Dept Mol Med & Hematol, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Stevens, W. S.] Wits Hlth Consortium, Contract Lab Serv, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Baeten, JM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Int Clin Res Ctr, Box 359927,325 9th Ave, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM jbaeten@uw.edu RI Hendrix, Craig/G-4182-2014; OI Hendrix, Craig/0000-0002-5696-8665; Ronald, Allan/0000-0002-5746-3490; Frenkel, Lisa M/0000-0001-9566-8959; Joloba, Moses/0000-0002-0334-9983; Donnell, Deborah/0000-0002-0587-7480 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [47674] FX Supported by a research grant (ID #47674) from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 40 TC 884 Z9 903 U1 14 U2 94 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD AUG 2 PY 2012 VL 367 IS 5 BP 399 EP 410 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa1108524 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 981VZ UT WOS:000307001900005 PM 22784037 ER PT J AU Thigpen, MC Kebaabetswe, PM Paxton, LA Smith, DK Rose, CE Segolodi, TM Henderson, FL Pathak, SR Soud, FA Chillag, KL Mutanhaurwa, R Chirwa, LI Kasonde, M Abebe, D Buliva, E Gvetadze, RJ Johnson, S Sukalac, T Thomas, VT Hart, C Johnson, JA Malotte, CK Hendrix, CW Brooks, JT AF Thigpen, Michael C. Kebaabetswe, Poloko M. Paxton, Lynn A. Smith, Dawn K. Rose, Charles E. Segolodi, Tebogo M. Henderson, Faith L. Pathak, Sonal R. Soud, Fatma A. Chillag, Kata L. Mutanhaurwa, Rodreck Chirwa, Lovemore Ian Kasonde, Michael Abebe, Daniel Buliva, Evans Gvetadze, Roman J. Johnson, Sandra Sukalac, Thom Thomas, Vasavi T. Hart, Clyde Johnson, Jeffrey A. Malotte, C. Kevin Hendrix, Craig W. Brooks, John T. CA TDF2 Study Grp TI Antiretroviral Preexposure Prophylaxis for Heterosexual HIV Transmission in Botswana SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE; PREVENTION; EMTRICITABINE; INFECTION; TRIALS AB Background Preexposure prophylaxis with antiretroviral agents has been shown to reduce the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among men who have sex with men; however, the efficacy among heterosexuals is uncertain. Methods We randomly assigned HIV-seronegative men and women to receive either tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine (TDF-FTC) or matching placebo once daily. Monthly study visits were scheduled, and participants received a comprehensive package of prevention services, including HIV testing, counseling on adherence to medication, management of sexually transmitted infections, monitoring for adverse events, and individualized counseling on risk reduction; bone mineral density testing was performed semiannually in a subgroup of participants. Results A total of 1219 men and women underwent randomization (45.7% women) and were followed for 1563 person-years (median, 1.1 years; maximum, 3.7 years). Because of low retention and logistic limitations, we concluded the study early and followed enrolled participants through an orderly study closure rather than expanding enrollment. The TDF-FTC group had higher rates of nausea (18.5% vs. 7.1%, P<0.001), vomiting (11.3% vs. 7.1%, P = 0.008), and dizziness (15.1% vs. 11.0%, P = 0.03) than the placebo group, but the rates of serious adverse events were similar (P = 0.90). Participants who received TDF-FTC, as compared with those who received placebo, had a significant decline in bone mineral density. K65R, M184V, and A62V resistance mutations developed in 1 participant in the TDF-FTC group who had had an unrecognized acute HIV infection at enrollment. In a modified intention-to-treat analysis that included the 33 participants who became infected during the study (9 in the TDF-FTC group and 24 in the placebo group; 1.2 and 3.1 infections per 100 person-years, respectively), the efficacy of TDF-FTC was 62.2% (95% confidence interval, 21.5 to 83.4; P = 0.03). Conclusions Daily TDF-FTC prophylaxis prevented HIV infection in sexually active heterosexual adults. The long-term safety of daily TDF-FTC prophylaxis, including the effect on bone mineral density, remains unknown. (Funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institutes of Health; TDF2 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00448669.) C1 [Thigpen, Michael C.; Paxton, Lynn A.; Smith, Dawn K.; Rose, Charles E.; Henderson, Faith L.; Chillag, Kata L.; Gvetadze, Roman J.; Sukalac, Thom; Thomas, Vasavi T.; Hart, Clyde; Johnson, Jeffrey A.; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pathak, Sonal R.] Northrop Grumman, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kebaabetswe, Poloko M.; Segolodi, Tebogo M.; Soud, Fatma A.; Mutanhaurwa, Rodreck; Chirwa, Lovemore Ian; Kasonde, Michael; Abebe, Daniel; Buliva, Evans; Johnson, Sandra] CDC Botswana, HIV Prevent Res Unit, Gaborone, Botswana. [Malotte, C. Kevin] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA. [Hendrix, Craig W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Clin Pharmacol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Thigpen, MC (reprint author), 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mthigpen@cdc.gov RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012; Hendrix, Craig/G-4182-2014; OI Hendrix, Craig/0000-0002-5696-8665; Kilmarx, Peter/0000-0001-6464-3345 FU Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Division of AIDS, National Institutes of Health; Roche Diagnostics; Gilean Sciences FX Supported by the Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Division of AIDS, National Institutes of Health.; Dr. Hart reports receiving royalties from Roche Diagnostics; the agreement with Roche pays the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and project investigators annually for the rights to use a molecular clone in the test kits. Dr. Hendrix reports receiving grant support from Gilean Sciences. No other potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. NR 19 TC 637 Z9 653 U1 4 U2 56 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD AUG 2 PY 2012 VL 367 IS 5 BP 423 EP 434 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa1110711 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 981VZ UT WOS:000307001900007 PM 22784038 ER PT J AU Bann, CM Kobau, R Lewis, MA Zack, MM Luncheon, C Thompson, WW AF Bann, C. M. Kobau, R. Lewis, M. A. Zack, M. M. Luncheon, C. Thompson, W. W. TI Development and psychometric evaluation of the public health surveillance well-being scale SO QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Well-being; Scale development; Quality of life; Item response theory; Factor analysis; Differential item functioning ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; MENTAL-HEALTH; HAPPY PEOPLE; US ADULTS; SATISFACTION; POLICY; HAPPINESS; OUTCOMES; PROGRESS; STATES AB Purpose To develop and psychometrically evaluate the brief Public Health Surveillance Well-Being Scale (PHS-WB) that captures mental, physical, and social components of well-being. Methods Using data from 5,399 HealthStyles survey respondents, we conducted bi-factor, item response theory, and differential item functioning analyses to examine the psychometric properties of a pool of 34 well-being items. Based on the statistical results and content considerations, we developed a brief 10-item well-being scale and assessed its construct validity through comparisons of demographic subgroups and correlations with measures of related constructs. Results Based on the bi-factor analyses, the items grouped into both an overall factor and individual domain-specific factors. The PHS-WB scale demonstrated good internal consistency (alpha = 0.87) and correlated highly with scores for the entire item pool (r = 0.94). The well-being scale scores differed as expected across demographic groups and correlated with global and domain-specific measures of similar constructs, supporting its construct validity. Conclusion The 10-item PHS-WB scale demonstrates good psychometric properties, and its high correlation with the item pool suggests minimal loss of information with the use of fewer items. The brief PHS-WB allows for wellbeing assessment on national surveys or in other situations where a longer form may not be feasible. C1 [Bann, C. M.; Lewis, M. A.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Kobau, R.; Zack, M. M.; Luncheon, C.; Thompson, W. W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bann, CM (reprint author), RTI Int, 3040 Cornwallis Rd,POB 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM cmb@rti.org NR 64 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-9343 J9 QUAL LIFE RES JI Qual. Life Res. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 IS 6 BP 1031 EP 1043 DI 10.1007/s11136-011-0002-9 PG 13 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 089KS UT WOS:000314910000011 PM 21947657 ER PT J AU Sambhara, S Rappuoli, R AF Sambhara, Suryaprakash Rappuoli, Rino TI Improving influenza vaccines Foreword SO EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rappuoli, Rino] Novartis Vaccines & Diagnost Srl, I-53100 Siena, Italy. RP Sambhara, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ssambhara@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1476-0584 J9 EXPERT REV VACCINES JI Expert Rev. Vaccines PD AUG PY 2012 VL 11 IS 8 BP 871 EP 872 DI 10.1586/ERV.12.79 PG 2 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 073SX UT WOS:000313763900001 PM 23002964 ER PT J AU Moro, PL Tepper, NK Grohskopf, LA Vellozzi, C Broder, K AF Moro, Pedro L. Tepper, Naomi K. Grohskopf, Lisa A. Vellozzi, Claudia Broder, Karen TI Safety of seasonal influenza and influenza A (H1N1) 2009 monovalent vaccines in pregnancy SO EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES LA English DT Article DE adverse events; epidemiology; H1N1 influenza; influenza; pregnancy; surveillance; vaccine safety ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; WOMEN; VACCINATION; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION; OUTCOMES; INFANTS AB Expert Rev. Vaccines 11(8), 911-921 (2012) Inactivated influenza vaccines have been given to pregnant women since 1964. Since 2004, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices has recommended that pregnant women receive trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine at any time during pregnancy. Studies conducted before 2009 did not identify any safety concerns after trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in mothers or their infants. During the 2009-2010 influenza A (H1N1) influenza vaccination program, several monitoring systems were established or enhanced to assess whether adverse events were associated with H1N1 2009 monovalent vaccines (2009 H1N1 influenza vaccines). Data from these systems did not identify any safety concerns in pregnant women who received 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccines or their infants. Although live attenuated influenza vaccines are not recommended in pregnant women, a small number of studies have not shown any safety concern among pregnant women or their infants who were inadvertently exposed to these vaccines. This review summarizes US and international safety data for influenza vaccines in pregnant women with an emphasis on 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccines. C1 [Moro, Pedro L.; Vellozzi, Claudia; Broder, Karen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tepper, Naomi K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Womens Hlth & Fertil Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Grohskopf, Lisa A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Moro, PL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pmoro@cdc.gov NR 42 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1476-0584 J9 EXPERT REV VACCINES JI Expert Rev. Vaccines PD AUG PY 2012 VL 11 IS 8 BP 911 EP 921 DI 10.1586/ERV.12.72 PG 11 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 073SX UT WOS:000313763900013 PM 23002972 ER PT J AU Nabha, L Krishnan, S Ramanathan, R Mejia, R Roby, G Sheikh, V Mcauliffe, I Nutman, T Sereti, I AF Nabha, Linda Krishnan, Sonya Ramanathan, Roshan Mejia, Rojelio Roby, Gregg Sheikh, Virginia Mcauliffe, Isabel Nutman, Thomas Sereti, Irini TI Prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis in an urban US AIDS cohort SO PATHOGENS AND GLOBAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE AIDS; Strongyloidiasis; Antiretroviral therapy ID LUCIFERASE IMMUNOPRECIPITATION SYSTEMS; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; IMMUNE RESTORATION; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGIC FEATURES; PARASITIC INFECTIONS; HIV-INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE; PATIENT AB Objectives: We examined the prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis (Ss) infection in a cohort of AIDS patients from a US urban centre. We monitored our cohort for possible cases of dissemination or immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. Methods: One hundred and three HIV-infected participants were prospectively sampled from a cohort observational study of ART-naive HIV-1-infected patients with CD4 <= 100 T cells/mu l. Clinical symptoms, corticosteroid therapy, eosinophilia, CD4 count, and plasma HIV-RNA were reviewed. Sera were tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CrAg-ELISA) to crude Ss extract or to an Ss-specific recombinant protein (NIE) and by luciferase immunoprecipitation system assay (LIPS) for Ss-specific antibodies. Results: Twenty-five per cent of study participants were Strongyloides seropositive by CrAg-ELISA and 62% had emigrated from Strongyloides-endemic areas. The remaining 38% of the seropositives were US born and tested negative by NIE and LIPS. CrAg-ELISA-positive participants had a median CD4 count of 22 T cells/mu l and a median HIV-RNA of 4.87 log(10) copies/ml. They presented with diarrhea (27%), abdominal pain (23%), and skin manifestations (35%) that did not differ from seronegative patients. Peripheral blood eosinophilia was common among seropositive patients (prevalence of 62% compared to 29% in seronegatives, P=0.004). Seropositive patients were treated with ivermectin. There were no cases of hyperinfection syndrome. Discussion: Strongyloidiasis may be prevalent in AIDS patients in the USA who emigrated from Ss-endemic countries, but serology can be inconclusive, suggesting that empiric ivermectin therapy is a reasonable approach in AIDS patients originating from Strongyloides endemic areas. C1 [Nabha, Linda] Georgetown Univ Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Washington, DC 20007 USA. [Krishnan, Sonya] NCI Frederick, SAIC Frederick Inc, Clin Res Directorate, Clin Monitoring Res Program, Frederick, MD USA. [Ramanathan, Roshan; Mejia, Rojelio; Sereti, Irini] NIAID, Clin Parasitol Sect, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Ramanathan, Roshan; Mejia, Rojelio] NIAID, Helminth Immunol Sect, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Mcauliffe, Isabel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sereti, I (reprint author), NIAID, Clin Parasitol Sect, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, 10 Ctr Dr,Bldg 10,Room 11B07A, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM isereti@niaid.nih.gov NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 2047-7724 J9 PATHOG GLOB HEALTH JI Pathog. Glob. Health PD AUG PY 2012 VL 106 IS 4 BP 238 EP 244 DI 10.1179/2047773212Y.0000000031 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 068IA UT WOS:000313358500009 PM 23265425 ER PT J AU Lopman, BA Payne, DC Tate, JE Patel, MM Cortese, MM Parashar, UD AF Lopman, Ben A. Payne, Daniel C. Tate, Jacqueline E. Patel, Manish M. Cortese, Margaret M. Parashar, Umesh D. TI Post-licensure experience with rotavirus vaccination in high and middle income countries; 2006 to 2011 SO CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID 1ST 2 YEARS; UNITED-STATES; CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; PORCINE-CIRCOVIRUS; DOUBLE-BLIND; LESS-THAN-5 YEARS; POTENTIAL IMPACT; CHILDREN; GASTROENTERITIS; VACCINES AB Rotavirus causes one-third to one-half of severe diarrheal disease in children under the age of five years worldwide. In 2006 two rotavirus vaccines became available and, in the intervening years, approximately thirty countries have introduced them into their immunization programs, primarily in high-income and middle-income settings. Major reductions in rotavirus hospitalizations have been observed in a number of these locations, and in select countries, there have been impacts on gastroenteritis mortality associated with rotavirus vaccine introduction. In addition to these direct health benefits, reduced gastroenteritis risk has been documented in unvaccinated groups, including older children and adults, suggesting indirect benefits (i.e. herd immunity). In this paper, we summarize what has been learned from programs studying post-licensure vaccine effectiveness, impact on health-care utilization and death, safety issues (namely, intussception and the detection of adventitious viruses) and the potential selective pressure of vaccination on the diversity of rotavirus genotypes. C1 [Lopman, Ben A.; Payne, Daniel C.; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Patel, Manish M.; Cortese, Margaret M.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lopman, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM blopman@cdc.gov NR 66 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1879-6257 J9 CURR OPIN VIROL JI Curr. Opin. Virol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 2 IS 4 BP 434 EP 442 DI 10.1016/j.coviro.2012.05.002 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 051FZ UT WOS:000312112900009 PM 22749491 ER PT J AU Kimble, GH Amburgey, JE Hill, VR AF Kimble, Gina H. Amburgey, James E. Hill, Vincent R. TI Comparison of Hollow-Fiber Ultrafilters with Pleated Capsule Filters for Surface and Tap Water Samples Using US EPA Method 1623 SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Drinking water; Surface water; Microbes; Laboratory tests; Methodology ID CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; RECOVERIES; PROTOZOA; GIARDIA AB The EPA method 1623 is designed specifically for the detection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia, but the method has some issues with low and variable recoveries. Ultrafiltration has been used effectively for microorganism recovery from water samples but is not approved by the EPA. To determine the efficacy of using ultrafiltration, 10-L tap water and surface water samples were seeded with Cryptosporidium and Giardia and concentrated with either a pleated capsule filter or a hollow-fiber ultrafilter. For Cryptosporidum, oocyst recovery in tap water was significantly higher for ultrafiltration (68%) versus the capsule filter (37%); ultrafiltration recovered 65% of oocysts in surface water versus 61% for the capsule filter. However, Giardia cyst recovery was mixed. In tap water, the capsule filter produced a significantly better recovery (85%) of Giardia compared with ultrafiltration (63%), but the surface water ultrafiltration recovery (81%) was significantly better than the capsule filter recovery (40%). Overall, ultrafiltration recoveries were equal to or better for Cryptosporidium, but recoveries of Giardia were varied depending on the filter used and the type of water analyzed. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EE. 1943-7870.0000545. (C) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Kimble, Gina H.] Charlotte Mecklenburg Util, Charlotte, NC 28217 USA. [Kimble, Gina H.; Amburgey, James E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. [Hill, Vincent R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sanitat & Hyg Lab Team, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Kimble, GH (reprint author), Charlotte Mecklenburg Util, 4222 Westmont Dr, Charlotte, NC 28217 USA. EM gkimble@charlottenc.gov RI Hill, Vincent/G-1789-2012 OI Hill, Vincent/0000-0001-7069-7737 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 15 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD AUG PY 2012 VL 138 IS 8 BP 899 EP 901 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000545 PG 3 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 051CI UT WOS:000312101700011 PM 26523086 ER PT J AU Van Bennekom, CM Mitchell, AA Moore, CA Werler, MM AF Van Bennekom, Carla M. Mitchell, Allen A. Moore, Cynthia A. Werler, Martha M. TI Microtia: Findings Suggest No Association with Vasoactive Medications SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Van Bennekom, Carla M.; Mitchell, Allen A.; Werler, Martha M.] Boston Univ, Slone Epidemiol Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Moore, Cynthia A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 SU 3 SI SI MA 30 BP 15 EP 15 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 996YU UT WOS:000308131701030 ER PT J AU Greene, SK Shay, DK Yin, RH McCarthy, NL Baxter, R Jackson, ML Jacobsen, SJ Nordin, JD Irving, SA Naleway, AL Glanz, JM Lieu, TA AF Greene, Sharon K. Shay, David K. Yin, Ruihua McCarthy, Natalie L. Baxter, Roger Jackson, Michael L. Jacobsen, Steven J. Nordin, James D. Irving, Stephanie A. Naleway, Allison L. Glanz, Jason M. Lieu, Tracy A. TI Patterns in Influenza Antiviral Medication Use before and during the 2009 H1N1 Pandemic, Vaccine Safety Datalink Project, United States, 2000-2010 SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Greene, Sharon K.; Yin, Ruihua; Lieu, Tracy A.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Greene, Sharon K.; Yin, Ruihua; Lieu, Tracy A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA USA. [Shay, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [McCarthy, Natalie L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual & Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baxter, Roger] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Jackson, Michael L.] Grp Hlth Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Jacobsen, Steven J.] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Dept Res & Evaluat, Pasadena, CA USA. [Nordin, James D.] HealthPartners Res Fdn, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Irving, Stephanie A.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Naleway, Allison L.] Kaiser Permanente NW Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Glanz, Jason M.] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. [Lieu, Tracy A.] Childrens Hosp Boston, Div Gen Pediat, Boston, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 SU 3 SI SI MA 208 BP 98 EP 99 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 996YU UT WOS:000308131701200 ER PT J AU Chen, RT Bonhoeffer, J Zuber, P Sturkenboom, M Velozzi, C Izurieta, H Greenberg, M Black, S Verstraeten, T AF Chen, Robert T. Bonhoeffer, Jan Zuber, Patrick Sturkenboom, Miriam Velozzi, Claudia Izurieta, Hector Greenberg, Michael Black, Steven Verstraeten, Thomas TI Global Collaborations in Vaccine Safety, Present and Future SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chen, Robert T.; Velozzi, Claudia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bonhoeffer, Jan] Brighton Collaborat Fdn, Basel, Switzerland. [Zuber, Patrick] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Sturkenboom, Miriam] Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Izurieta, Hector] US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Greenberg, Michael] Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France. [Black, Steven] Univ Cinncinatti, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Verstraeten, Thomas] P95, Louvain, Belgium. RI Bonhoeffer, Jan/E-5903-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 SU 3 SI SI MA 414 BP 196 EP 196 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 996YU UT WOS:000308131701402 ER PT J AU Vellozzi, C Tokars, J DeStefano, F AF Vellozzi, Claudia Tokars, Jerome DeStefano, Frank TI Self-Controlled Analyses of the Risk of Guillain-Barre Syndrome Associated with Influenza A(H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccines SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Vellozzi, Claudia; Tokars, Jerome; DeStefano, Frank] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 SU 3 SI SI MA 763 BP 355 EP 355 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 996YU UT WOS:000308131701735 ER PT J AU Dodd, CN Izurieta, H Zuber, P Romio, S Sturkenboom, M Hua, W Bonhoeffer, J Weibel, D Vellozzi, C Deceuninck, G Umapathi, T Buttery, J Macartney, K Richardson, V Crawford, N Black, S AF Dodd, Caitlin N. Izurieta, Hector Zuber, Patrick Romio, Silvana Sturkenboom, Miriam Hua, Wei Bonhoeffer, Jan Weibel, Daniel Vellozzi, Claudia Deceuninck, Genevieve Umapathi, Thirugnanam Buttery, Jim Macartney, Kristine Richardson, Vesta Crawford, Nigel Black, Steven CA Global GBS-H1N1 Working Grp TI International Collaborative Case Series Safety Monitoring for Pandemic 2009 H1N1 Vaccines: Estimation of the Risk of Guillain-Barre Syndrome SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dodd, Caitlin N.; Black, Steven] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Global Child Hlth Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Izurieta, Hector; Hua, Wei] US FDA, Analyt Epidemiol Branch, Div Epidemiol, OBE CBER, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Romio, Silvana; Sturkenboom, Miriam; Weibel, Daniel] Erasmus Univ, Dept Med Informat, Med Ctr, NL-3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Zuber, Patrick] WHO, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol IVB, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Vellozzi, Claudia] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bonhoeffer, Jan; Global GBS-H1N1 Working Grp] Brighton Collaborat, Basel, Switzerland. [Deceuninck, Genevieve] Quebec Univ Hosp, Res Ctr, Publ Hlth Res Unit, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Umapathi, Thirugnanam] Natl Neurosci Inst, Singapore, Singapore. [Buttery, Jim] Monash Univ, Dept Paediat, Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia. [Macartney, Kristine] Childrens Hosp, Westmead, NSW, Australia. [Richardson, Vesta] Natl Ctr Child & Adolescent Hlth, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RI Bonhoeffer, Jan/E-5903-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 SU 3 SI SI MA 778 BP 361 EP 362 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 996YU UT WOS:000308131701747 ER PT J AU McCarthy, NL Gee, J Lin, N Thyagarajan, V Pan, Y Su, S Turnbull, B Chan, KA Weintraub, E AF McCarthy, Natalie L. Gee, Julianne Lin, Nancy Thyagarajan, Veena Pan, Yi Su, Sue Turnbull, Bruce Chan, K. Arnold Weintraub, Eric TI Evaluating the Safety of 2009 H1N1 Influenza Vaccine Using a Claims-Based Health System SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [McCarthy, Natalie L.; Gee, Julianne; Pan, Yi; Weintraub, Eric] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lin, Nancy; Turnbull, Bruce; Chan, K. Arnold] OptumInsight Epidemiol, Waltham, MA USA. [Thyagarajan, Veena; Su, Sue] OptumInsight Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 SU 3 SI SI MA 782 BP 363 EP 364 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 996YU UT WOS:000308131701751 ER PT J AU Tse, AC Tseng, HF Greene, SK Vellozzi, C Weintraub, E McCarthy, N Tokars, J DeStefano, F Broder, K Jackson, L Nelson, J Kulldorff, M Rett, M Lieu, T Li, LL Nordin, JD Glanz, J Hambidge, S Daley, MF Belongia, EA Irving, S Klein, N Baxter, R Naleway, A Marcy, SM Jacobsen, SJ Lee, GM AF Tse, Alison C. Tseng, Hung Fu Greene, Sharon K. Vellozzi, Claudia Weintraub, Eric McCarthy, Natalie Tokars, Jerome DeStefano, Frank Broder, Karen Jackson, Lisa Nelson, Jennifer Kulldorff, Martin Rett, Melisa Lieu, Tracy Li, Lingling Nordin, James D. Glanz, Jason Hambidge, Simon Daley, Matthew F. Belongia, Edward A. Irving, Stephanie Klein, Nicola Baxter, Roger Naleway, Allison Marcy, S. Michael Jacobsen, Steven J. Lee, Grace M. TI Risk of Febrile Seizures in Children Following Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in the Vaccine Safety Datalink Project, 2010-2011 SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tse, Alison C.; Greene, Sharon K.; Kulldorff, Martin; Rett, Melisa; Lieu, Tracy; Li, Lingling; Lee, Grace M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA USA. [Tse, Alison C.; Greene, Sharon K.; Kulldorff, Martin; Rett, Melisa; Lieu, Tracy; Li, Lingling; Lee, Grace M.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Tseng, Hung Fu] So Calif Kaiser Permanente, Pasadena, CA USA. [Vellozzi, Claudia; Weintraub, Eric; McCarthy, Natalie; Tokars, Jerome; DeStefano, Frank; Broder, Karen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jackson, Lisa; Nelson, Jennifer] Grp Hlth Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Nordin, James D.] HealthPartners Res Fdn, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Glanz, Jason; Hambidge, Simon; Daley, Matthew F.] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Denver, CO USA. [Belongia, Edward A.; Irving, Stephanie] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Klein, Nicola; Baxter, Roger] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Oakland, CA USA. [Naleway, Allison] Kaiser Permanente NW, Portland, OR USA. [Lee, Grace M.] Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 SU 3 SI SI MA 787 BP 365 EP 366 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 996YU UT WOS:000308131701755 ER PT J AU Gill, SK Broussard, C Crider, K Berry, RJ Carter, T Hobbs, C Reefhuis, J AF Gill, Simerpal K. Broussard, Cheryl Crider, Krista Berry, Robert J. Carter, Tonia Hobbs, Charlotte Reefhuis, Jennita TI Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infections and Pharmacotherapy Use in Pregnancy - National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS), 1997-2007 SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gill, Simerpal K.; Broussard, Cheryl; Crider, Krista; Berry, Robert J.; Reefhuis, Jennita] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Carter, Tonia] Marshfield Clin Fdn Med Res & Educ, Marshfield, WI USA. [Hobbs, Charlotte] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 SU 3 SI SI MA 788 BP 366 EP 366 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 996YU UT WOS:000308131701756 ER PT J AU Reefhuis, J Friedman, JM Louik, C Colarusso, TJ Devine, OJ Honein, MA AF Reefhuis, Jennita Friedman, Jan M. Louik, Carol Colarusso, Tiffany J. Devine, Owen J. Honein, Margaret A. TI The Association between Sertraline, Fluoxetine, and Paroxetine and Major Birth Defects, Data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2007 SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Reefhuis, Jennita; Colarusso, Tiffany J.; Devine, Owen J.; Honein, Margaret A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Friedman, Jan M.] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Louik, Carol] Boston Univ, Slone Epidemiol Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 SU 3 SI SI MA 811 BP 376 EP 376 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 996YU UT WOS:000308131701778 ER PT J AU Moro, PL Museru, OI Broder, K Zheteyeva, Y Tepper, N Revzina, N McCullum, I Lewis, P Arana, J Barash, F Kissin, D Vellozzi, C AF Moro, Pedro L. Museru, Oidda I. Broder, Karen Zheteyeva, Yenlik Tepper, Naomi Revzina, Natalia McCullum, Isaac Lewis, Paige Arana, Jorge Barash, Faith Kissin, Dmitry Vellozzi, Claudia TI Outcomes of Infants Born to Pregnant Women Who Received Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Live Attenuated Monovalent Vaccine: Enhanced Surveillance Using the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Moro, Pedro L.; Museru, Oidda I.; Broder, Karen; Zheteyeva, Yenlik; McCullum, Isaac; Lewis, Paige; Arana, Jorge; Vellozzi, Claudia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tepper, Naomi; Revzina, Natalia; Kissin, Dmitry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Barash, Faith] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 SU 3 SI SI MA 826 BP 383 EP 383 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 996YU UT WOS:000308131701792 ER PT J AU Lind, JN Broussard, CS Reefhuis, J Carmichael, SL Honein, MA Olney, RS Werler, MM Tinker, SC AF Lind, Jennifer N. Broussard, Cheryl S. Reefhuis, Jennita Carmichael, Suzan L. Honein, Margaret A. Olney, Richard S. Werler, Martha M. Tinker, Sarah C. TI Maternal Medication and Herbal Use and Risk of Hypospadias: Data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2007 SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lind, Jennifer N.] Georgia State Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Lind, Jennifer N.; Broussard, Cheryl S.; Reefhuis, Jennita; Honein, Margaret A.; Olney, Richard S.; Tinker, Sarah C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Carmichael, Suzan L.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Werler, Martha M.] Boston Univ, Slone Epidemiol Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 SU 3 SI SI MA 832 BP 386 EP 386 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 996YU UT WOS:000308131701798 ER PT J AU Dawson, AL Flak, A Reefhuis, J AF Dawson, April L. Flak, Audrey Reefhuis, Jennita TI National Birth Defects Prevention Study - Medication Results Published in 2004-2011 SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dawson, April L.; Flak, Audrey; Reefhuis, Jennita] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dawson, April L.; Flak, Audrey] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Dawson, April L.; Flak, Audrey] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 SU 3 SI SI MA 844 BP 391 EP 391 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 996YU UT WOS:000308131701809 ER PT J AU Kidd, S Kirkcaldy, R Weinstock, H Bolan, G AF Kidd, Sarah Kirkcaldy, Robert Weinstock, Hillard Bolan, Gail TI Tackling multidrug-resistant gonorrhea: how should we prepare for the untreatable? SO EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY LA English DT Editorial Material DE antimicrobial resistance; anti-infective agents; gonorrhea; therapeutics ID NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; CEFTRIAXONE; CEFIXIME; INFECTION; EMERGENCE C1 [Kidd, Sarah; Kirkcaldy, Robert; Weinstock, Hillard; Bolan, Gail] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kidd, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skidd@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1478-7210 J9 EXPERT REV ANTI-INFE JI Expert Rev. Anti-Infect. Ther. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 10 IS 8 BP 831 EP 833 DI 10.1586/ERI.12.69 PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 031PU UT WOS:000310655200001 PM 23030318 ER PT J AU Harris, C Dallas, C Rollor, E White, C Blount, B Valentin-Blasini, L Fisher, J AF Harris, Curtis Dallas, Cham Rollor, Edward, III White, Catherine Blount, Benjamin Valentin-Blasini, Liza Fisher, Jeffrey TI Radioactive Iodide (I-131(-)) Excretion Profiles in Response to Potassium Iodide (KI) and Ammonium Perchlorate (NH4ClO4) Prophylaxis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE perchlorate; iodide; radioiodide; thyroid ID THYROID-GLAND; MALE-RAT; THYROXINE AB Radioactive iodide (I-131(-)) protection studies have focused primarily on the thyroid gland and disturbances in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. The objective of the current study was to establish I-131(-) urinary excretion profiles for saline, and the thyroid protectants, potassium iodide (KI) and ammonium perchlorate over a 75 hour time-course. Rats were administered I-131(-) and 3 hours later dosed with either saline, 30 mg/kg of NH4ClO4 or 30 mg/kg of KI. Urinalysis of the first 36 hours of the time-course revealed that NH4ClO4 treated animals excreted significantly more I-131(-) compared with KI and saline treatments. A second study followed the same protocol, but thyroxine (T-4) was administered daily over a 3 day period. During the first 6-12 hour after I-131(-) dosing, rats administered NH4ClO4 excreted significantly more I-131(-) than the other treatment groups. T-4 treatment resulted in increased retention of radioiodide in the thyroid gland 75 hour after I-131(-) administration. We speculate that the T-4 treatment related reduction in serum TSH caused a decrease synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones resulting in greater residual radioiodide in the thyroid gland. Our findings suggest that ammonium perchlorate treatment accelerates the elimination rate of radioiodide within the first 24 to 36 hours and thus may be more effective at reducing harmful exposure to I-131(-) compared to KI treatment for repeated dosing situations. Repeated dosing studies are needed to compare the effectiveness of these treatments to reduce the radioactive iodide burden of the thyroid gland. C1 [Harris, Curtis; Dallas, Cham; Rollor, Edward, III; White, Catherine] Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Inst Hlth Management & Mass Destruct Def, Athens, GA 30603 USA. [Blount, Benjamin; Valentin-Blasini, Liza] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Fisher, Jeffrey] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. RP Harris, C (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Inst Hlth Management & Mass Destruct Def, Athens, GA 30603 USA. EM charris@ihmd.uga.edu; cdallas@ihmd.uga.edu; erollor@ihmd.uga.edu; cwhite@rx.uga.edu; bkb3@cdc.gov; lbv5@cdc.gov; jeffrey.fisher@fda.hhs.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD AUG PY 2012 VL 9 IS 8 BP 2936 EP 2948 DI 10.3390/ijerph9082936 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 998MB UT WOS:000308242300025 PM 23066407 ER PT J AU Reis, RS Kelly, CM Parra, DC Barros, M Gomes, G Malta, D Schmid, T Brownson, RC AF Reis, Rodrigo S. Kelly, Cheryl M. Parra, Diana C. Barros, Mauro Gomes, Grace Malta, Deborah Schmid, Thomas Brownson, Ross C. TI Developing a research agenda for promoting physical activity in Brazil through environmental and policy change SO REVISTA PANAMERICANA DE SALUD PUBLICA-PAN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Concept formation; physical fitness; exercise; health research agenda; health policy; environment and public health; Brazil ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; LATIN-AMERICA; INTERVENTIONS; ADULTS; MODEL AB Objective. To identify the highest priorities for research on environmental and policy changes for promoting physical activity (PA) in Brazil; to uncover any gaps between researchers' and practitioners' priorities; and to consider which tools, methods, collaborative strategies, and actions could be useful to moving a research agenda forward. Methods. This was a mixed-methods study (qualitative and quantitative) conducted by Project GUIA (Guide for Useful Interventions for Activity in Brazil and Latin America) in February 2010-January 2011. A total of 240 individuals in the PA field (186 practitioners and 54 researchers) were asked to generate research ideas; 82 participants provided 266 original statements from which 52 topics emerged. Participants rated topics by "importance" and "feasibility;" a separate convenience sample of 21 individuals categorized them. Cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling were used to create concept maps and pattern matches. Results. Five distinct clusters emerged from the concept mapping, of which " effectiveness and innovation in PA interventions" was rated most important by both practitioners and researchers. Pattern matching showed a divergence between the groups, especially regarding feasibility, where there was no consensus. Conclusions. The study results provided the basis for a research agenda to advance the understanding of environmental and policy influences on PA promotion in Brazil and Latin America. These results should stimulate future research and, ultimately, contribute to the evidence-base of successful PA strategies in Latin America. C1 [Reis, Rodrigo S.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Parana, Phys Act & Qual Life Res Grp, Sch Hlth & Biosci, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Kelly, Cheryl M.] Univ Colorado, Beth El Coll Nursing & Hlth Sci, Dept Hlth Sci, Colorado Springs, CO 80907 USA. [Parra, Diana C.; Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Brown Sch, Prevent Res Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. [Barros, Mauro] Univ Estado Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil. [Gomes, Grace] Univ Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, Brazil. [Malta, Deborah] Minist Hlth, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Schmid, Thomas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Phys Act & Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Reis, RS (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Parana, Phys Act & Qual Life Res Grp, Sch Hlth & Biosci, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. EM reis.rodrigo@pucpr.br RI Parra, Diana/D-7633-2013; Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015; Reis, Rodrigo/F-7447-2012; Malta, Deborah/H-7880-2012 OI Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Reis, Rodrigo/0000-0002-9872-9865; Malta, Deborah/0000-0002-8214-5734 FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U48 DP001903, U48/DP001903]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK092950] NR 33 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU PAN AMER HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI WASHINGTON PA 525 23RD ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 USA SN 1020-4989 J9 REV PANAM SALUD PUBL JI Rev. Panam. Salud Publica PD AUG PY 2012 VL 32 IS 2 BP 93 EP 100 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 026RE UT WOS:000310298100002 PM 23099869 ER PT J AU Perera, F Vishnevetsky, J Herbstman, JB Calafat, AM Xiong, W Rauh, V Wang, S AF Perera, Frederica Vishnevetsky, Julia Herbstman, Julie B. Calafat, Antonia M. Xiong, Wei Rauh, Virginia Wang, Shuang TI Prenatal Bisphenol A Exposure and Child Behavior in an Inner-City Cohort SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE bisphenol A; child behavior; Child Behavior Checklist; prenatal exposure; sex-specific effects ID TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE; URINARY CONCENTRATIONS; PERINATAL EXPOSURE; IN-VITRO; MICE; BRAIN; EXPRESSION; RAT; POPULATION AB BACKGROUND: Experimental laboratory evidence suggests that bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor, is a neurodevelopmental toxicant. However, there have been limited and inconclusive results with respect to sex-specific BPA effects on child behavior. OBJECTIVE: We examined the association between prenatal BPA exposure and child behavior, adjusting for postnatal BPA exposure and hypothesizing sex-specific effects. METHODS: We followed African-American and Dominican women and their children from pregnancy to child's age 5 years, collecting spot urine samples from the mothers during pregnancy (34 weeks on average) and from children between 3 and 4 years of age to estimate BPA exposure. We assessed child behavior between 3 and 5 years of age using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and used generalized linear models to test the association between BPA exposure and child behavior, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: The analysis was conducted on 198 children (87 boys and 111 girls). Among boys, high prenatal BPA exposure (highest quartile vs. the lowest three quartiles) was associated with significantly higher CBCL scores (more problems) on Emotionally Reactive [1.62 times greater; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13, 2.32] and Aggressive Behavior syndromes (1.29 times greater; 95% Cl: 1.09, 1.53). Among girls, higher exposure was associated with lower scores on all syndromes, reaching statistical significance for Anxious/Depressed (0.75 times as high; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.99) and Aggressive Behavior (0.82 times as high; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.97). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that prenatal exposure to BPA may affect child behavior, and differently among boys and girls. C1 [Perera, Frederica; Vishnevetsky, Julia; Herbstman, Julie B.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Perera, Frederica; Vishnevetsky, Julia; Herbstman, Julie B.; Xiong, Wei; Rauh, Virginia; Wang, Shuang] Columbia Univ, Columbia Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Xiong, Wei; Wang, Shuang] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Rauh, Virginia] Columbia Univ, Heilbrunn Dept Populat & Family Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. RP Perera, F (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM fpp1@columbia.edu FU National Intsitute of Environmental Health Sciences [5P01ES09600, 5R01ES08977, R00 ES017051-3, P30 ES009089]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [R827027, RD832141, RD834509]; John and Wendy Neu Family Foundation; Passport Foundation (Environmental Health Science Innovation Fund); Trustees of the Blanchette Hooker Rockefeller Fund; Educational Foundation of America; New York Community Trust FX This study was supported by the National Intsitute of Environmental Health Sciences (grants 5P01ES09600, 5R01ES08977, R00 ES017051-3, P30 ES009089), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (grants: R827027, RD832141, RD834509), the John and Wendy Neu Family Foundation, Passport Foundation (Environmental Health Science Innovation Fund), the Trustees of the Blanchette Hooker Rockefeller Fund, Educational Foundation of America, and the New York Community Trust. NR 43 TC 85 Z9 89 U1 3 U2 28 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 120 IS 8 BP 1190 EP 1194 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104492 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 985JN UT WOS:000307260500033 PM 22543054 ER PT J AU Palmer, RC Hertel, NE Ansari, A Manger, RP Freibert, EJ AF Palmer, R. C. Hertel, N. E. Ansari, A. Manger, R. P. Freibert, E. J. TI EVALUATION OF INTERNAL CONTAMINATION LEVELS AFTER A RADIOLOGICAL DISPERSAL DEVICE INCIDENT USING PORTAL MONITORS SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article AB Following a radioactive dispersal device (RDD) incident, it may be necessary to evaluate the internal contamination levels of a large number of potentially affected individuals to determine if immediate medical follow-up is necessary. Since the current laboratory capacity to screen for internal contamination is limited, rapid field screening methods can be useful in prioritising individuals. This study evaluated the suitability of a radiation portal monitor for such screening. A model of the portal monitor was created for use with models of six anthropomorphic phantoms in Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code Version 5 (MCNP) X-5 Monte Carlo Team (MCNP-A General Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code Version 5. LA-CP-03-0245. Vol. 2. Los Alamos National Laboratory, 2004.). The count rates of the portal monitor were simulated for inhalation and ingestion of likely radionuclides from an RDD for each of the phantoms. The time-dependant organ concentrations of the radionuclides were determined using Dose and Risk Calculation Software Eckerman, Leggett, Cristy, Nelson, Ryman, Sjoreen and Ward (Dose and Risk Calcuation Software Ver. 8.4. ORNL/TM-2001/190. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2006.). Portal monitor count rates corresponding to a committed effective dose E(50) of 10 mSv are reported. C1 [Palmer, R. C.; Hertel, N. E.; Manger, R. P.; Freibert, E. J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Nucl & Radiol Engn Dept, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Ansari, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Radiat Studies Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hertel, NE (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Nucl & Radiol Engn Dept, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM nolan.hertel@me.gatech.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Radiation Studies Branch through TKCIS FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Radiation Studies Branch through TKCIS. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 151 IS 2 BP 237 EP 251 DI 10.1093/rpd/ncs006 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 011XR UT WOS:000309200100005 PM 22332142 ER PT J AU Lammie, PJ Moss, DM Goodhew, EB Hamlin, K Krolewiecki, A West, SK Priest, JW AF Lammie, Patrick J. Moss, Delynn M. Goodhew, E. Brook Hamlin, Katy Krolewiecki, Alejandro West, Sheila K. Priest, Jeffrey W. TI Development of a new platform for neglected tropical disease surveillance SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Multiplex; Neglected tropical disease; Antibody; Elimination; Surveillance ID IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G ANTIBODIES; ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS; MULTIPLEX ASSAY; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; MASS TREATMENT; SERUM SAMPLES; CHILDREN; ANTIGEN; AZITHROMYCIN AB An expanded global focus on the control and elimination of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) has called attention to the need to develop and validate surveillance strategies that are cost effective and can be integrated across diseases. Here, we describe a multiplex tool for the sensitive detection of antibody responses to NTDs as well as vaccine preventable diseases, malaria, and waterborne and zoonotic infections. The assay platform is robust, can be performed with either serum or dried blood spots and can be adapted to local epidemiological conditions and public health priorities. Multiplex assays open the door to conducting routine serosurveillance for NTDs through demographic health surveillance or malaria indicator surveys. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. C1 [Lammie, Patrick J.; Goodhew, E. Brook; Hamlin, Katy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moss, Delynn M.; Priest, Jeffrey W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Krolewiecki, Alejandro] Univ Nacl Salta, Inst Invest Enfermedades Trop, San Ramon Nueva Oran, Argentina. [West, Sheila K.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Wilmer Eye Inst, Dana Ctr Prevent Ophthalmol, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Lammie, PJ (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop D-65, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM plammie@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Mundo Sano Foundation, Argentina; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, USA FX Funding support for this project was provided, in part by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, Mundo Sano Foundation, Argentina and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, USA. We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of the different teams responsible for collection of data in the field. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Public Health Service or by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 42 IS 9 BP 797 EP 800 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2012.07.002 PG 4 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 006TV UT WOS:000308842800001 PM 22846784 ER PT J AU Forhan, SE Dunne, EF Sternberg, MR Whitehead, SJ Leelawiwat, W Thepamnuay, S Chen, C Evans-Strickfaden, TT McNichol, JM Markowitz, LE AF Forhan, S. E. Dunne, E. F. Sternberg, M. R. Whitehead, S. J. Leelawiwat, W. Thepamnuay, S. Chen, C. Evans-Strickfaden, T. T. McNichol, J. M. Markowitz, L. E. TI HIV-1 and herpes simplex virus type-2 genital shedding among co-infected women using self-collected swabs in Chiang Rai, Thailand SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV; herpes simplex virus type-2; HSV; women; co-infection; shedding; genital viral load; genital shedding; Thailand; self-collected swabs ID CONTROLLED-TRIAL; AFRICAN WOMEN; THERAPY; ACYCLOVIR; PLASMA; RNA; TRANSMISSION; IMPACT; TRACT; HSV-2 AB We analysed 528 genital self-collected swabs (SCS) from 67 HIV-1 and herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) co-infected women collected during the placebo month of a randomized crossover clinical trial of suppressive acyclovir in Chiang Rai, Thailand. In this first longitudinal study of HIV-1 and HSV-2 co-infected women using genital SCS specimens, we found frequent mucosa! HIV-1 shedding. Overall, 372 (70%) swabs had detectable HIV-1 RNA with median HIV-1 viral load of 2.61 log(10) copies/swab. We found no statistically significant association between detectable HIV-1 RNA and HSV-2 DNA in the same SCS specimen (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.40; 95% confidence intervals [Cl], 0.78-2.60, P = 0.25). Only baseline HIV-1 plasma viral load was independently associated with genital HIV-1 RNA shedding (aOR, 7.6; 95% Cl, 3.3-17.2, P<0.0001). SCS may be useful for future HIV-1 and HSV-2 studies because this method allows for frequent genital sampling, and inclusion of genital sites other than the cervix. C1 [Forhan, S. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Epidem Intelligence Serv,Off Workforce & Career D, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Forhan, S. E.; Dunne, E. F.; Sternberg, M. R.; Whitehead, S. J.; Chen, C.; Markowitz, L. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Whitehead, S. J.; Leelawiwat, W.; Thepamnuay, S.; McNichol, J. M.] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, US CDC Collaborat, Bangkok, Thailand. [Thepamnuay, S.] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Chiang Rai Prov Publ Hlth Off, Bangkok, Thailand. [Evans-Strickfaden, T. T.; McNichol, J. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Forhan, SE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Epidem Intelligence Serv,Off Workforce & Career D, Mailstop E-04,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM sforhan@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND SN 0956-4624 J9 INT J STD AIDS JI Int. J. STD AIDS PD AUG PY 2012 VL 23 IS 8 BP 560 EP 564 DI 10.1258/ijsa.2012.011295 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 013HV UT WOS:000309297400006 PM 22930292 ER PT J AU Hermanstyne, KA Bangsberg, DR Hennessey, K Weinbaum, C Hahn, JA AF Hermanstyne, Keith A. Bangsberg, David R. Hennessey, Karen Weinbaum, Cindy Hahn, Judith A. TI The association between use of non-injection drug implements and hepatitis C virus antibody status in homeless and marginally housed persons in San Francisco SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; liver disorders; public health ID HIV-INFECTED MEN; NEW-YORK-CITY; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; BLOOD-DONORS; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; B-VIRUS; PREVALENCE; POPULATION; SEX AB Background Up to 17 000 persons in the USA became infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) in 2007, and many cases have unknown transmission routes. To date research on transmission of HCV via shared implements used to snort or smoke non-injection drugs has been : inconclusive. Methods We tested stored sera for HCV antibodies (anti-HCV) in a large population-based study of homeless and marginally housed persons in San Francisco. We examined the association between sharing implements used for snorting and smoking drugs and anti-HCV while controlling for sociodemographic variables in those who denied ever injecting drugs (n = 430). We also examined the association of anti-HCV status with history of incarceration, tattoo and piercing history, sexual history and alcohol consumption. Results Seventeen percent of our sample was anti-HCV positive. We found no statistically significant associations with sharing implements used to smoke or snort drugs with anti-HCV status in our various multivariate models. There was a statistically significant negative association between ever snorting cocaine and anti-HCV status (adjusted odds ratio: 0.39; 95% confidence interval: 0.21-0.73). There were no other statistically significant associations with any other measured covariates in multivariate analyses. Conclusions Our findings suggest that sharing implements to snort or smoke drugs is not a significant risk factor for anti-HCV-positive status. C1 [Hermanstyne, Keith A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Bangsberg, David R.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Harvard Initiat Global Hlth, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hennessey, Karen; Weinbaum, Cindy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Hahn, Judith A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Hermanstyne, KA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, 401 Parnassus Ave,Box 0984, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM keith.hermanstyne@ucsf.edu FU National Institutes of Mental Health [54907, K-24 87227] FX We thank the National Institutes of Mental Health for funding provided by the National Institutes of Mental Health Grant 54907 and additional support received by David R. Bangsberg from the National Institutes of Mental Health Grant K-24 87227. NR 55 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1741-3842 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH-UK JI J. Public Health PD AUG PY 2012 VL 34 IS 3 BP 330 EP 339 DI 10.1093/pubmed/fds018 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 006XX UT WOS:000308854200006 PM 22451327 ER PT J AU Petersen, LR Tomashek, KM Biggerstaff, BJ AF Petersen, Lyle R. Tomashek, Kay M. Biggerstaff, Brad J. TI Estimated prevalence of dengue viremia in Puerto Rican blood donations, 1995 through 2010 SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; ESTIMATED RISK; TRANSFUSION; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; OUTBREAK; EPIDEMIOLOGY; AUSTRALIA; SAFETY AB BACKGROUND: Dengue virus (DENV) nucleic acid amplification testing of blood donations during epidemics in endemic locations, including Puerto Rico, has suggested possible sizable transfusion transmission risk. Estimates of the long-term prevalence of DENV viremic donations will help evaluate the potential magnitude of this risk in Puerto Rico. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Estimates of the prevalence of DENV viremia in the Puerto Rican population at large from 1995 through 2010 were derived from dengue case reports and their onset dates obtained from islandwide surveillance, estimates of case underreporting, and extant data on the duration of DENV viremia and the unapparent-to-apparent dengue infection ratio. Under the assumptions that viremia prevalence in blood donors was similar to that of the population at large and that symptomatic persons do not donate, statistical resampling methods were used to estimate the prevalence of dengue viremia in blood donations. RESULTS: Over the 16-year period, the maximum and mean daily prevalences of dengue viremia (per 10,000) in blood donations in Puerto Rico were estimated at 45.0 (95% confidence interval [CI], 36.5-55.4) and 7.0 (95% CI, 3.9-10.1), respectively. Prevalence varied considerably by season and year. CONCLUSION: These data suggest a substantial prevalence of DENV viremia in Puerto Rican blood donations, particularly during outbreaks. C1 [Petersen, Lyle R.; Tomashek, Kay M.; Biggerstaff, Brad J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Petersen, LR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, POB 2087, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. EM LXP2@CDC.GOV NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD AUG PY 2012 VL 52 IS 8 BP 1647 EP 1651 DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03529.x PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 987CA UT WOS:000307392800005 PM 22304614 ER PT J AU Mohammed, H Tomashek, KM Stramer, SL Hunsperger, E AF Mohammed, Hamish Tomashek, Kay M. Stramer, Susan L. Hunsperger, Elizabeth TI Prevalence of anti-dengue immunoglobulin G antibodies among American Red Cross blood donors in Puerto Rico, 2006 SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID VIRUS NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; SEROPREVALENCE; INFECTION; OUTBREAK; CHILDREN AB BACKGROUND: Dengue is endemic in Puerto Rico and causes periodic outbreaks involving thousands of persons. Seroprevalence studies among blood donors can provide useful data on the immune status of the adult population. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti-dengue immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies in a random sample of blood donors to the American Red Cross (ARC) in Puerto Rico. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Three-hundred randomly selected blood donations collected by the ARC from February 1 to March 31, 2006, were tested using an anti-dengue IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. One-third of the positive specimens were randomly selected and tested by a microneutralization test (MNT) to determine the serotypes of previous dengue infections. RESULTS: Most (84%) blood donors were male, and the mean age was 44.6 years (range, 18-80 years). The prevalence (95% confidence interval) of anti-dengue IgG antibodies was 92% (89%-95%). Of the 92 specimens tested by the MNT, reactivity to all four dengue serotypes was observed and 96% were secondary infections. The predominant serotype with the highest neutralization titers, as identified by at least a fourfold higher titer compared to any other serotype tested, was identified in 32 specimens; the most common predominant serotypes identified by the MNT were DENV-3 and DENV-2 (63%). Recent infection with DENV-1 was detected but, in 2005, routine surveillance did not detect any cases of this serotype. CONCLUSION: Supplementary serologic testing of donated blood can potentially provide information on the silent circulation or introduction of dengue serotypes. C1 [Mohammed, Hamish] Univ Trinidad & Tobago, Arima, Trinid & Tobago. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, San Juan, PR USA. Amer Red Cross, Stat Support Off, Gaithersburg, MD USA. RP Mohammed, H (reprint author), Univ Trinidad & Tobago, OMeara Campus,Lots 74-98 OMeara Ind Pk, Arima, Trinid & Tobago. EM hamish.mohammed@utt.edu.tt FU CDC; ARC FX This work was done by the CDC and the ARC, both of which supported the study. No additional funds were received. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD AUG PY 2012 VL 52 IS 8 BP 1652 EP 1656 DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03492.x PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 987CA UT WOS:000307392800006 PM 22224623 ER PT J AU Stramer, SL Linnen, JM Carrick, JM Foster, GA Krysztof, DE Zou, SM Dodd, RY Tirado-Marrero, LM Hunsperger, E Santiago, GA Munoz-Jordan, JL Tomashek, KM AF Stramer, Susan L. Linnen, Jeffrey M. Carrick, James M. Foster, Gregory A. Krysztof, David E. Zou, Shimian Dodd, Roger Y. Tirado-Marrero, Lourdes M. Hunsperger, Elizabeth Santiago, Gilberto A. Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L. Tomashek, Kay M. TI Dengue viremia in blood donors identified by RNA and detection of dengue transfusion transmission during the 2007 dengue outbreak in Puerto Rico SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID TEXAS-MEXICO BORDER; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; POTENTIAL THREAT; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; VIRUS; INFECTIONS; DISEASE; ANTIBODIES AB BACKGROUND: In 2007, a total of 10,508 suspected dengue cases were reported in Puerto Rico. Blood donations were tested for dengue virus (DENV) RNA and recipients of RNA-positive donations traced to assess transfusion transmission. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Blood donation samples from 2007 were maintained in a repository and tested individually for DENV RNA by transcription-mediated amplification (TMA); a subset was further tested by an enhanced TMA (eTMA) assay. TMA-reactive samples were considered confirmed if TMA (including eTMA) was repeat reactive (RR). All TMA-RR samples were tested by quantitative, DENV typespecific reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and for anti-DENV immunoglobulin (Ig)M by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Samples positive by RT-PCR were further tested for infectivity in mosquito cell culture. Patients receiving components from TMA-RR donations were followed. RESULTS: Of 15,350 donation samples tested, 29 were TMA-RR for a prevalence of 1 per 529 (0.19%). DENV Types 1, 2, and 3 with viral titers of 105 to 109 copies/mL were detected by RT-PCR in 12 samples of which all were infectious in mosquito culture. Six TMA-RR samples were IgM positive. Three of the 29 recipients receiving TMA-RR donations were tested. One recipient in Puerto Rico transfused with red blood cells containing 108 copies/mL DENV-2 became febrile 3 days posttransfusion and developed dengue hemorrhagic fever. The recipient was DENV-2 RNA positive by RT-PCR; both the donor and the recipient viruses had identical envelope sequences. CONCLUSIONS: High rates of viremia were detected in blood donors in Puerto Rico coupled with the first documented transfusion transmission of severe dengue disease, suggesting that further research on interventions is needed. C1 Amer Red Cross, Sci Support Off, Gaithersburg, MD USA. Gen Probe Inc, San Diego, CA USA. Amer Red Cross, Holland Lab, Rockville, MD USA. VA Caribbean Healthcare Syst, San Juan, PR USA. CDC, San Juan, PR USA. RP Stramer, SL (reprint author), Amer Red Cross Biomed Serv, Sci Support Off, 9315 Gaither Rd, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA. EM stramers@usa.redcross.org NR 55 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD AUG PY 2012 VL 52 IS 8 BP 1657 EP 1666 DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2012.03566.x PG 10 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 987CA UT WOS:000307392800007 PM 22339201 ER PT J AU Smith, EA Jacques-Carroll, L Walker, TY Sirotkin, B Murphy, TV AF Smith, Emily A. Jacques-Carroll, Lisa Walker, Tanja Y. Sirotkin, Barry Murphy, Trudy V. TI The National Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program, 1994-2008 SO OBSTETRICAL & GYNECOLOGICAL SURVEY LA English DT Editorial Material AB Infants of women who are positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) are at high risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Prophylaxis in infancy with hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and hepatitis B (HepB) vaccine is 85% to 95% effective in preventing perinatal chronic HBV infection. In 1990, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) established the US Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program (PHBPP) to accelerate progress toward the elimination of perinatal HBV transmission. The goal of the PHBPP is to ensure that all pregnant women are screened for HBsAg and that infants born to HBsAg-positive women receive prophylaxis within 1 day of birth and serologic testing 1 to 2 months after completion of the HepB series. For infants born in 1993, national PHBPP outcomes were published in 1996. Outcomes have not been reported since then. This study reported the trends and outcomes of the national PHBPP for infants born from 1994 to 2008. PHBPPs in cities and states submitted annual reports on outcomes to the CDC. The annual PHBPP reports were used to determine program objectives achieved and infant outcomes by 12 to 24 months of age. Over the 15-year study period, the estimated number of annual births to HBsAg-positive women increased from 19,208 to 25,600 (P < 0.001). The annual number of PHBPP-managed infants also increased (P < 0.001), and comprised 41% to 51% of the estimated total number of affected infants. From 1994 to 2008, 92% to 97% of case-managed infants received HBIG and a HepB vaccine within 1 day of birth. Although the percentage of infants who completed the vaccine series by age 12 months decreased from 86% to 78% between 1994 and 2008 (P < 0.004), the percentage of case-managed infants who received postvaccination serologic testing increased from 25% to 56% (P < 0.001). Among tested infants, the incidence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection decreased from 2.1% in 1999 to 0.8% in 2008 (P = 0.001). These findings show that despite an increasing number of at-risk infants, the PHBPP has achieved substantial progress toward its goal of preventing perinatal hepatitis B virus infection in the United States. Stronger efforts are needed, however, to identify HBsAg-positive pregnant women and to ensure that their infants receive appropriate prophylaxis and assessment to avoid chronic infection. C1 [Smith, Emily A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Immunizat Serv Div,Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Smith, EA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Immunizat Serv Div,Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7828 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL SURV JI Obstet. Gynecol. Surv. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 67 IS 8 BP 470 EP 471 DI 10.1097/01.ogx.0000419563.41632.d0 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 005LG UT WOS:000308751300009 ER PT J AU Mansergh, G Koblin, BA Sullivan, PS AF Mansergh, Gordon Koblin, Beryl A. Sullivan, Patrick S. TI Challenges for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis among Men Who Have Sex with Men in the United States SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID PREVENTION; INFECTION; RISK C1 [Mansergh, Gordon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Koblin, Beryl A.] New York Blood Ctr, Lab Infect Dis Prevent, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Sullivan, Patrick S.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Mansergh, G (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gmansergh@cdc.gov OI Sullivan, Patrick/0000-0002-7728-0587 NR 16 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1549-1676 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 9 IS 8 AR e1001286 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001286 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 001XU UT WOS:000308494600007 PM 22927797 ER PT J AU Bird, BH Dodd, KA Erickson, BR Albarino, CG Chakrabarti, AK McMullan, LK Bergeron, E Stroeher, U Cannon, D Martin, B Coleman-McCray, JD Nichol, ST Spiropoulou, CF AF Bird, Brian H. Dodd, Kimberly A. Erickson, Bobbie R. Albarino, Cesar G. Chakrabarti, Ayan K. McMullan, Laura K. Bergeron, Eric Stroeeher, Ute Cannon, Deborah Martin, Brock Coleman-McCray, Joann D. Nichol, Stuart T. Spiropoulou, Christina F. TI Severe Hemorrhagic Fever in Strain 13/N Guinea Pigs Infected with Lujo Virus SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS; LASSA FEVER; JUNIN-VIRUS; DENDRITIC CELLS; PATHOGENESIS; DISEASE; MODEL; INTERLEUKIN-1-BETA; OSTEOARTHRITIS; ARENAVIRUSES AB Lujo virus (LUJV) is a novel member of the Arenaviridae family that was first identified in 2008 after an outbreak of severe hemorrhagic fever (HF). In what was a small but rapidly progressing outbreak, this previously unknown virus was transmitted from the critically ill index patient to 4 attending healthcare workers. Four persons died during this outbreak, for a total case fatality of 80% (4/5). The suspected rodent source of the initial exposure to LUJV remains a mystery. Because of the ease of transmission, high case fatality, and novel nature of LUJV, we sought to establish an animal model of LUJV HF. Initial attempts in mice failed, but infection of inbred strain 13/N guinea pigs resulted in lethal disease. A total of 41 adult strain 13/N guinea pigs were infected with either wild-type LUJV or a full-length recombinant LUJV. Results demonstrated that strain 13/N guinea pigs provide an excellent model of severe and lethal LUJV HF that closely resembles what is known of the human disease. All infected animals experienced consistent weight loss (3-5% per day) and clinical illness characterized by ocular discharge, ruffled fur, hunched posture, and lethargy. Uniform lethality occurred by 11-16 days post-infection. All animals developed disseminated LUJV infection in various organs (liver, spleen, lung, and kidney), and leukopenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy, and elevated transaminase levels. Serial euthanasia studies revealed a temporal pattern of virus dissemination and increasing severity of disease, primarily targeting the liver, spleen, lungs, and lower gastrointestinal tract. Establishing an animal LUJV model is an important first step towards understanding the high pathogenicity of LUJV and developing vaccines and antiviral therapeutic drugs for this highly transmissible and lethal emerging pathogen. C1 [Bird, Brian H.; Dodd, Kimberly A.; Erickson, Bobbie R.; Albarino, Cesar G.; Chakrabarti, Ayan K.; McMullan, Laura K.; Bergeron, Eric; Stroeeher, Ute; Cannon, Deborah; Martin, Brock; Coleman-McCray, Joann D.; Nichol, Stuart T.; Spiropoulou, Christina F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dodd, Kimberly A.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Bird, BH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bbird1@cdc.gov; ccs8@cdc.gov FU CDC FX There are no outside funders of this work. All funds were provided directly from core CDC operations funds. The CDC funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 62 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 6 IS 8 AR e1801 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001801 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 001YS UT WOS:000308497100036 PM 22953019 ER PT J AU Clark, DC Brault, AC Hunsperger, E AF Clark, David C. Brault, Aaron C. Hunsperger, Elizabeth TI The contribution of rodent models to the pathological assessment of flaviviral infections of the central nervous system SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Review ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; ST-LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS; TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; MURRAY VALLEY ENCEPHALITIS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-3; RESISTANCE LOCUS FLV; IN-VITRO; EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS AB Members of the genus Flavivirus are responsible for a spectrum of important neurological syndromes in humans and animals. Rodent models have been used extensively to model flavivirus neurological disease, to discover host-pathogen interactions that influence disease outcome, and as surrogates to determine the efficacy and safety of vaccines and therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of flavivirus neuroinvasive disease and outline the host, viral and experimental factors that influence the outcome and reliability of virus infection of small-animal models. C1 [Clark, David C.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vectorborne Dis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Clark, David C.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Brault, Aaron C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Hunsperger, Elizabeth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. RP Clark, DC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vectorborne Dis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM dcclark@ucdavis.edu; abrault@cdc.gov; enh4@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 191 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 157 IS 8 BP 1423 EP 1440 DI 10.1007/s00705-012-1337-4 PG 18 WC Virology SC Virology GA 985HK UT WOS:000307253800001 PM 22592957 ER PT J AU Hampton, LM Zell, ER Schrag, S Cohen, AL AF Hampton, Lee M. Zell, Elizabeth R. Schrag, Stephanie Cohen, Adam L. TI Sentinel versus population-based surveillance of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine effectiveness SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION LA English DT Article ID SEQUENTIAL MULTIPLEX PCR; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CAPSULAR SEROTYPES; HIB DISEASE; CHILDREN; NETWORK; IMMUNIZATION; MENINGITIS; PROGRAM; GAMBIA AB Objective To compare sentinel and population-based surveillance of the effect of seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7), introduced in 2000, on the hospitalization of children aged under 5 years with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in the United States of America. Methods Population surveillance data were used to identify children hospitalized between 1998 and 2006 with IPD caused-by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes. The change from 1998 and 1999 (baseline) to 2006 in the number of hospitalized IPD cases recorded by sentinel surveillance systems involving single hospitals or groups of hospitals was compared with the change in the incidence of hospitalized IPD cases measured by population-based surveillance. Findings The change in incidence in the eight surveillance areas varied from -37 to -82% for IPD caused by any serotype and from -96 to -100% for IPD caused by serotypes contained in PCV7. All individual sentinel hospitals with more than three cases annually at baseline reported a decrease in cases by 2006. In addition, over 95% of sentinel systems with an average of more than 30 cases annually at baseline recorded a change by 2006 in the number of cases caused by any serotype that fell within the 95% confidence interval for the change in the incidence of hospitalized cases in the corresponding population surveillance area. The change in cases caused by PCV7 serotypes was accurately measured by 93% and 100% of sentinel systems with <= 20 and >20 cases annually at baseline, respectively. Conclusion Sentinel surveillance can accurately measure the effect of PCV7 on the number of children hospitalized with IPD, provided sufficient cases are detected at baseline. Serotyping increases accuracy. C1 [Hampton, Lee M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Zell, Elizabeth R.; Schrag, Stephanie; Cohen, Adam L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Hampton, LM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-24, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM lhampton@cdc.gov FU Emerging Infections Program; Office of Antimicrobial Resistance of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Emerging Infections Program and the Office of Antimicrobial Resistance of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI GENEVA 27 PA MARKETING AND DISSEMINATION, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9686 J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN JI Bull. World Health Organ. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 90 IS 8 BP 568 EP 577 DI 10.2471/BLT.11.098178 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 988JC UT WOS:000307485500007 PM 22893740 ER PT J AU Schmidtke, AJ Boney, KO Martin, SW Skoff, TH Tondella, ML Tatti, KM AF Schmidtke, Amber J. Boney, Kathryn O. Martin, Stacey W. Skoff, Tami H. Tondella, M. Lucia Tatti, Kathleen M. TI Population Diversity among Bordetella pertussis Isolates, United States, 1935-2009 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; PROTEIN PERTACTIN; TYPING METHODS; STRAINS; TOXIN; POLYMORPHISMS; EMERGENCE AB Since the 1980s, pertussis notifications in the United States have been increasing. To determine the types of Bordetella pertussis responsible for these increases, we divided 661 B. pertussis isolates collected in the United States during 1935-2009 into 8 periods related to the introduction of novel vaccines or changes in vaccination schedule. B. pertussis diversity was highest from 1970-1990 (94%) but declined to approximate to 70% after 1991 and has remained constant. During 2006-2009, 81.6% of the strains encoded multilocus sequence type pm2-ptxP3-ptxS1A-fim3B, and 64% were multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis type 27. US trends were consistent with those seen internationally; emergence and predominance of the fim3B allele was the only molecular characteristic associated with the increase in pertussis notifications. Changes in the vaccine composition and schedule were not the direct selection pressures that resulted in the allele changes present in the current B. pertussis population. C1 [Schmidtke, Amber J.; Boney, Kathryn O.; Martin, Stacey W.; Skoff, Tami H.; Tondella, M. Lucia; Tatti, Kathleen M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tatti, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ket2@cdc.gov RI Tatti, Kathleen/H-5912-2012 OI Tatti, Kathleen/0000-0001-9414-7887 FU Association of Public Health Laboratories as an Emerging Infectious Diseases Postdoctoral Research Fellow FX A.J.S. was supported by the Association of Public Health Laboratories as an Emerging Infectious Diseases Postdoctoral Research Fellow. NR 27 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2012 VL 18 IS 8 BP 1248 EP 1255 DI 10.3201/eid1808.120082 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 984RS UT WOS:000307209800004 PM 22841154 ER PT J AU MacNeil, A Stroher, U Farnon, E Campbell, S Cannon, D Paddock, CD Drew, CP Kuehnert, M Knust, B Gruenenfelder, R Zaki, SR Rollin, PE Nichol, ST AF MacNeil, Adam Stroeher, Ute Farnon, Eileen Campbell, Shelley Cannon, Deborah Paddock, Christopher D. Drew, Clifton P. Kuehnert, Matthew Knust, Barbara Gruenenfelder, Robert Zaki, Sherif R. Rollin, Pierre E. Nichol, Stuart T. CA LCMV Transplant Investigation Team TI Solid Organ Transplant-associated Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis, United States, 2011 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; UNDERDIAGNOSED CAUSE; PET HAMSTERS; RABIES VIRUS; TRANSMISSION; DONOR; INFECTION; ARENAVIRUSES; RECIPIENTS; FEVER AB Three clusters of organ transplant-associated lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) transmissions have been identified in the United States; 9 of 10 recipients died. In February 2011, we identified a fourth cluster of organ transplant-associated LCMV infections. Diabetic ketoacidosis developed in the organ donor in December 2010; she died with generalized brain edema after a short hospitalization. Both kidneys, liver, and lung were transplanted to 4 recipients; in all 4, severe posttransplant illness developed; 2 recipients died. Through multiple diagnostic methods, we identified LCMV infection in all persons, including in at least 1 sample from the donor and 4 recipients by reverse transcription PCR, and sequences of a 396-bp fragment of the large segment of the virus from all 5 persons were identical. In this cluster, all recipients developed severe illness, but 2 survived. LCMV infection should be considered as a possible cause of severe posttransplant illness. C1 [MacNeil, Adam; Stroeher, Ute; Farnon, Eileen; Campbell, Shelley; Cannon, Deborah; Paddock, Christopher D.; Drew, Clifton P.; Kuehnert, Matthew; Knust, Barbara; Zaki, Sherif R.; Rollin, Pierre E.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gruenenfelder, Robert] Arkansas Organ Recovery Agcy, Little Rock, AR USA. RP MacNeil, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aho3@cdc.gov FU CDC FX All funding was provided by CDC. NR 29 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2012 VL 18 IS 8 BP 1256 EP 1262 DI 10.3201/eid1808.120212 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 984RS UT WOS:000307209800005 PM 22839997 ER PT J AU Goldstein, E Kirkcaldy, RD Reshef, D Berman, S Weinstock, H Sabeti, P Del Rio, C Hall, G Hook, EW Lipsitch, M AF Goldstein, Edward Kirkcaldy, Robert D. Reshef, David Berman, Stuart Weinstock, Hillard Sabeti, Pardis Del Rio, Carlos Hall, Geraldine Hook, Edward W. Lipsitch, Marc TI Factors Related to Increasing Prevalence of Resistance to Ciprofloxacin and Other Antimicrobial Drugs in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, United States SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CEPHALOSPORINS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; CEFTRIAXONE; UPDATE; TRENDS AB Using data from the Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project, we studied changes in ciprofioxacin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in the United States during 2002-2007. Compared with prevalence in heterosexual men, prevalence of ciprofloxacin-resistant N. gonorrhoeae infections showed a more pronounced increase in men who have sex with men (MSM), particularly through an increase in prevalence of strains also resistant to tetracycline and penicillin. Moreover, that multidrug resistance profile among MSM was negatively associated with recent travel. Across the surveillane project sites, first appearance of ciprofloxacin resistance in heterosexual men was positively correlated with such resistance for MSM. The increase in prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistance may have been facilitated by use of fluoroguinolones for treating gonorrhea and other conditions. The prominence of multidrug resistance suggests that using other classes of antimicrobial drugs for purposes other than treating gonorrhea helped increase the prevalence of ciprofloxacin-resistant strains that are also resistant to those drugs. C1 [Goldstein, Edward; Lipsitch, Marc] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Kirkcaldy, Robert D.; Berman, Stuart; Weinstock, Hillard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Reshef, David] Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. [Sabeti, Pardis] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Del Rio, Carlos] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hall, Geraldine] Cleveland Clin, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Hook, Edward W.] Univ Alabama, Birmingham, OH USA. [Hook, Edward W.] Jefferson Cty Dept Hlth, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. RP Goldstein, E (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, 677 Huntington Ave,Kresge Room 506, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM egoldste@hsph.harvard.edu RI del Rio, Carlos/B-3763-2012; OI del Rio, Carlos/0000-0002-0153-3517; Lipsitch, Marc/0000-0003-1504-9213 FU US National Institutes of Health Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study program [1 U54 GM088558]; CDC [1H25PS001412]; Pfizer; Novartis; AIR Worldwide; Avian/Pandemic Flu Registry (Outcome Sciences and Roche) FX This work was supported in part by the US National Institutes of Health Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study program through cooperative agreement 1 U54 GM088558 (to M.L., E.G., and P.S.); and by CDC through cooperative agreement 1H25PS001412 (to C.D.R. and E.W.H.).; M.L. has received consulting fees or honoraria from Pfizer, Novartis, AIR Worldwide, and the Avian/Pandemic Flu Registry (Outcome Sciences and Roche). NR 26 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2012 VL 18 IS 8 BP 1290 EP 1297 DI 10.3201/eid1808.111202 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 984RS UT WOS:000307209800010 PM 22840274 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI Heart Fastened to a Dying Animal SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pmp1@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2012 VL 18 IS 8 BP 1394 EP 1395 DI 10.3201/eid1808.AC1808 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 984RS UT WOS:000307209800041 ER PT J AU Odhiambo, FO Laserson, KF Sewe, M Hamel, MJ Feikin, DR Adazu, K Ogwang, S Obor, D Amek, N Bayoh, N Ombok, M Lindblade, K Desai, M ter Kuile, F Phillips-Howard, P van Eijk, AM Rosen, D Hightower, A Ofware, P Muttai, H Nahlen, B DeCock, K Slutsker, L Breiman, RF Vulule, JM AF Odhiambo, Frank O. Laserson, Kayla F. Sewe, Maquins Hamel, Mary J. Feikin, Daniel R. Adazu, Kubaje Ogwang, Sheila Obor, David Amek, Nyaguara Bayoh, Nabie Ombok, Maurice Lindblade, Kimberly Desai, Meghna ter Kuile, Feiko Phillips-Howard, Penelope van Eijk, Anna M. Rosen, Daniel Hightower, Allen Ofware, Peter Muttai, Hellen Nahlen, Bernard DeCock, Kevin Slutsker, Laurence Breiman, Robert F. Vulule, John M. TI Profile: The KEMRI/CDC Health and Demographic Surveillance System-Western Kenya SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Health and Demographic Surveillance; western Kenya; clinical trials; INDEPTH Network; malaria; HIV; TB ID TREATED BED NETS; MALARIA TRANSMISSION; CHILD-MORTALITY; MORBIDITY; REDUCTIONS; PREVENTION; IMPACT; TRIAL; AREA AB The KEMRI/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) is located in Rarieda, Siaya and Gem Districts (Siaya County), lying northeast of Lake Victoria in Nyanza Province, western Kenya. The KEMRI/CDC HDSS, with approximately 220 000 inhabitants, has been the foundation for a variety of studies, including evaluations of insecticide-treated bed nets, burden of diarrhoeal disease and tuberculosis, malaria parasitaemia and anaemia, treatment strategies and immunological correlates of malaria infection, and numerous HIV, tuberculosis, malaria and diarrhoeal disease treatment and vaccine efficacy and effectiveness trials for more than a decade. Current studies include operations research to measure the uptake and effectiveness of the programmatic implementation of integrated malaria control strategies, HIV services, newly introduced vaccines and clinical trials. The HDSS provides general demographic and health information (such as population age structure and density, fertility rates, birth and death rates, in- and out-migrations, patterns of health care access and utilization and the local economics of health care) as well as disease- or intervention-specific information. The HDSS also collects verbal autopsy information on all deaths. Studies take advantage of the sampling frame inherent in the HDSS, whether at individual, household/compound or neighbourhood level. C1 [Odhiambo, Frank O.; Laserson, Kayla F.; Sewe, Maquins; Hamel, Mary J.; Feikin, Daniel R.; Adazu, Kubaje; Ogwang, Sheila; Obor, David; Amek, Nyaguara; Bayoh, Nabie; Ombok, Maurice; Desai, Meghna; Breiman, Robert F.] KEMRI CDC Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Kisumu, Kenya. [Hamel, Mary J.; Feikin, Daniel R.; Lindblade, Kimberly; Hightower, Allen; DeCock, Kevin; Slutsker, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vulule, John M.] KEMRI, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [ter Kuile, Feiko; Phillips-Howard, Penelope; van Eijk, Anna M.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Rosen, Daniel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Ofware, Peter] AMREF, Nairobi, Kenya. [Nahlen, Bernard] Presidents Malaria Initiat USAID, Washington, DC USA. [Odhiambo, Frank O.; Laserson, Kayla F.] INDEPTH Network, Accra, Ghana. RP Odhiambo, FO (reprint author), KEMRI CDC HDSS Branch, POB 1578, Kisumu 40100, Kenya. EM fodhiambo@kemricdc.org OI Phillips-Howard, Penelope A/0000-0003-1018-116X; ter Kuile, Feiko/0000-0003-3663-5617 FU Ministry of Health leaders; Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We would like to acknowledge the HDSS community for patiently and graciously participating in the HDSS activities, year after year. We thank each and every HDSS staff member who tirelessly collect, enter and manage these data. We would like to thank Sammy Khagayi and Ben Onyango for all of their HDSS expertise and data analysis assistance. We thank all of the Ministry of Health leaders who have continuously supported the HDSS work in western Kenya, and we acknowledge the vast support from a multitude of researchers who have conducted studies in the HDSS and through their work have greatly strengthened it. We would also like to acknowledge the support received from the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and all our partners. We also wish to thank the INDEPTH Network for strong support of our platform and young scientists over the years. This manuscript is published with the approval of the Director of KEMRI. NR 28 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0300-5771 J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL JI Int. J. Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 41 IS 4 BP 977 EP 987 DI 10.1093/ije/dys108 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 998IV UT WOS:000308232200015 PM 22933646 ER PT J AU Kitahara, CM Wang, SS Melin, BS Wang, ZM Braganza, M Inskip, PD Albanes, D Andersson, U Freeman, LEB Buring, JE Carreon, T Feychting, M Gapstur, SM Gaziano, JM Giles, GG Hallmans, G Hankinson, SE Henriksson, R Hsing, AW Johansen, C Linet, MS McKean-Cowdin, R Michaud, DS Peters, U Purdue, MP Rothman, N Ruder, AM Sesso, HD Severi, G Shu, XO Stevens, VL Visvanathan, K Waters, MA White, E Wolk, A Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A Zheng, W Hoover, R Fraumeni, JF Chatterjee, N Yeager, M Chanock, SJ Hartge, P Rajaraman, P AF Kitahara, Cari M. Wang, Sophia S. Melin, Beatrice S. Wang, Zhaoming Braganza, Melissa Inskip, Peter D. Albanes, Demetrius Andersson, Ulrika Freeman, Laura E. Beane Buring, Julie E. Carreon, Tania Feychting, Maria Gapstur, Susan M. Gaziano, J. Michael Giles, Graham G. Hallmans, Goran Hankinson, Susan E. Henriksson, Roger Hsing, Ann W. Johansen, Christoffer Linet, Martha S. McKean-Cowdin, Roberta Michaud, Dominique S. Peters, Ulrike Purdue, Mark P. Rothman, Nathaniel Ruder, Avima M. Sesso, Howard D. Severi, Gianluca Shu, Xiao-Ou Stevens, Victoria L. Visvanathan, Kala Waters, Martha A. White, Emily Wolk, Alicja Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne Zheng, Wei Hoover, Robert Fraumeni, Joseph F., Jr. Chatterjee, Nilanjan Yeager, Meredith Chanock, Stephen J. Hartge, Patricia Rajaraman, Preetha TI Association between adult height, genetic susceptibility and risk of glioma SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Height; brain cancer; glioma; cancer; epidemiology ID BASE-LINE CHARACTERISTICS; BODY-MASS INDEX; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; CANCER-RISK; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; WOMENS HEALTH; LEG LENGTH; GROWTH; MORTALITY; DESIGN AB Background Some, but not all, observational studies have suggested that taller stature is associated with a significant increased risk of glioma. In a pooled analysis of observational studies, we investigated the strength and consistency of this association, overall and for major sub- types, and investigated effect modification by genetic susceptibility to the disease. Methods We standardized and combined individual-level data on 1354 cases and 4734 control subjects from 13 prospective and 2 case-control studies. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for glioma and glioma sub-types were estimated using logistic regression models stratified by sex and adjusted for birth cohort and study. Pooled ORs were additionally estimated after stratifying the models according to seven recently identified glioma-related genetic variants. Results Among men, we found a positive association between height and glioma risk (epsilon 190 vs 170-174 cm, pooled OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.11-2.61; P-trend = 0.01), which was slightly stronger after restricting to cases with glioblastoma (pooled OR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.17-3.38; P-trend = 0.02). Among women, these associations were less clear (epsilon 175 vs 160-164 cm, pooled OR for glioma = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.70-1.62; P-trend = 0.22; pooled OR for glioblastoma = 1.36, 95% CI: 0.77-2.39; P-trend = 0.04). In general, we did not observe evidence of effect modification by glioma-related genotypes on the association between height and glioma risk. Conclusion An association of taller adult stature with glioma, particularly for men and stronger for glioblastoma, should be investigated further to clarify the role of environmental and genetic determinants of height in the etiology of this disease. C1 [Kitahara, Cari M.; Wang, Zhaoming; Braganza, Melissa; Inskip, Peter D.; Albanes, Demetrius; Freeman, Laura E. Beane; Hsing, Ann W.; Linet, Martha S.; Purdue, Mark P.; Rothman, Nathaniel; Hoover, Robert; Fraumeni, Joseph F., Jr.; Chatterjee, Nilanjan; Yeager, Meredith; Chanock, Stephen J.; Hartge, Patricia; Rajaraman, Preetha] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Wang, Sophia S.] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Dept Populat Sci, Div Canc Etiol, Duarte, CA USA. [Wang, Sophia S.] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Beckman Res Inst, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. [Melin, Beatrice S.; Andersson, Ulrika; Henriksson, Roger] Umea Univ, Dept Radiat Sci, Umea, Sweden. [Wang, Zhaoming; Yeager, Meredith; Chanock, Stephen J.] NCI, Core Genotyping Facil, SAIC Frederick Inc, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Buring, Julie E.; Gaziano, J. Michael; Sesso, Howard D.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Prevent Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Carreon, Tania; Ruder, Avima M.; Waters, Martha A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Feychting, Maria; Wolk, Alicja] Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden. [Gapstur, Susan M.; Stevens, Victoria L.] Amer Canc Soc, Epidemiol Res Program, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Gaziano, J. Michael; Sesso, Howard D.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Aging, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Gaziano, J. Michael] VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Massachusetts Vet Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Giles, Graham G.; Severi, Gianluca] Canc Council Victoria, Canc Epidemiol Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Giles, Graham G.; Severi, Gianluca] Univ Melbourne, Ctr Mol Environm Genet & Analyt Epidemiol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Hallmans, Goran] Umea Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med Nutr Res, Umea, Sweden. [Hankinson, Susan E.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Channing Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Henriksson, Roger] Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Oncol, Stockholm, Sweden. [Johansen, Christoffer] Danish Canc Soc, Unit Survivorship, Copenhagen, Denmark. [McKean-Cowdin, Roberta] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Michaud, Dominique S.] Brown Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Peters, Ulrike; White, Emily] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Peters, Ulrike; White, Emily] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Shu, Xiao-Ou; Zheng, Wei] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Epidemiol, Nashville, TN USA. [Visvanathan, Kala] Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehens Canc Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. [Visvanathan, Kala] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne] NYU, Dept Environm Med, Sch Med, Div Epidemiol, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Kitahara, CM (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, EPS 7053,6120 Execut Blvd, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM kitaharac@mail.nih.gov RI Ruder, Avima/I-4155-2012; Michaud, Dominique/I-5231-2014; Albanes, Demetrius/B-9749-2015; Purdue, Mark/C-9228-2016; Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; Kitahara, Cari/R-8267-2016; OI Ruder, Avima/0000-0003-0419-6664; Purdue, Mark/0000-0003-1177-3108; Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; Giles, Graham/0000-0003-4946-9099; Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne/0000-0001-9350-1303 FU NCI, National Institutes of Health; American Cancer Society; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Program of Cancer Registries and cancer registries; National Cancer Institute's Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Program; National Cancer Institute [R01 CA098661, P30 CA016087]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES000260]; National Institutes of Health [CA 97193, CA 34944, CA 40360, HL 26490, HL 34595]; State of Maryland; Maryland Cigarette Restitution Fund; National Program of Cancer Registries of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics; Division of Cancer Prevention, NCI, National Institutes of Health (NIH); Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS); VicHealth; Australian National Health and Medical Research Council [209057, 251533, 396414]; NCI [K05CA154337]; NIH Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) FX This work was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NCI, National Institutes of Health.; For CPS-II Nutrition Cohort: The Cancer Prevention Studies are supported by the American Cancer Society. Efforts of the ACS the study management group to maintain and follow the cohort are acknowledged. ACS investigators also acknowledge the contributions from central cancer registries supported through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Program of Cancer Registries and cancer registries supported by the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Program.; For NYUWHS: The NYUWHS is supported by National Cancer Institute grants R01 CA098661 and P30 CA016087 and by Center grant ES000260 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.; For PHS: The PHS is supported by grants CA 97193, CA 34944, CA 40360, HL 26490, and HL 34595 from the National Institutes of Health.; For CLUE: Cancer incidence data were provided by the Maryland Cancer Registry, Center for Cancer Surveillance and Control, Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, 201 W. Preston Street, Room 400, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; www.fha.state.md.us/cancer/registry/, 410-767-4055. The authors acknowledge the State of Maryland, the Maryland Cigarette Restitution Fund and the National Program of Cancer Registries of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for the funds that support the collection and availability of the cancer registry data. The findings and conclusions of this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Maryland Cancer Registry.; For PLCO: This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and by contracts from the Division of Cancer Prevention, NCI, National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). The authors thank Drs Christine Berg and Philip Prorok, Division of Cancer Prevention, NCI, the Screening Center investigators and staff of the PLCO cancer screening trial, Mr Tom Riley and staff, Information Management Services, Inc., Ms Barbara O'Brien and staff, Westat, Inc., Mr Tim Sheehy and staff, DNA Extraction and Staging Laboratory, SAIC-Frederick, Inc. and Ms Jackie King and staff, BioReliance, Inc.; For MCCS: Infrastructure support for the MCCS recruitment and follow-up is provided by the Cancer Council Victoria, and cohort recruitment was partly funded by VicHealth. This work using the MCCS was supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (grant numbers 209057, 251533 and 396414).; For VITAL: Grant K05CA154337 is funded by the NCI and the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS). NR 47 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0300-5771 EI 1464-3685 J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL JI Int. J. Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 41 IS 4 BP 1075 EP 1085 DI 10.1093/ije/dys114 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 998IV UT WOS:000308232200026 PM 22933650 ER PT J AU Wallace, AS Sobel, H Ryman, TK Mantaring, JB Silvestre, M Thorley, M Ducusin, J Nyunt-U, S AF Wallace, Aaron S. Sobel, Howard Ryman, Tove K. Blas Mantaring, Jacinto, III Silvestre, Mianne Thorley, Margaret Ducusin, Joyce Nyunt-U, Soe TI Timing of hepatitis B vaccination and impact of non-simultaneous vaccination with DTP vaccine following introduction of a hepatitis B birth dose in the Philippines SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY LA English DT Article DE hepatitis B birth dose; vaccination timeliness; immunization schedule adherence; expanded program on immunization ID CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION; UNITED-STATES; TIMELINESS; COVERAGE AB Timely administration of hepatitis B vaccine beginning at birth prevents up to 95 per cent of perinatally acquired hepatitis B virus infections in infants of infected mothers. The Philippines changed its national HepB schedule in 2007 to include a dose at birth. We evaluated vaccination schedule change by reviewing infant records at selected health facilities to measure completeness and timeliness of HepB administration and frequency of recommended, simultaneous vaccination with diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine. Of 1431 sampled infants, 1106 (77 per cent) completed the HepB series and 10 per cent followed the national schedule. The proportion with timely vaccination declined with successive doses: HepB1 (71 per cent), HepB2 (47 per cent), and HepB3 (26 per cent). Twenty-six per cent received HepB2 simultaneously with DTP1 and 34 per cent received HepB3 simultaneously with DTP3. If HepB and DTP vaccination were given simultaneously, 10 per cent more infants could have received all HepB doses. Program implementers should monitor vaccination timeliness and increase simultaneous administration to improve vaccination coverage and decrease disease incidence. Journal of Public Health Policy (2012) 33, 368-381. doi:10.1057/jphp.2012.18; published online 7 June 2012 C1 [Wallace, Aaron S.; Ryman, Tove K.; Thorley, Margaret] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sobel, Howard; Nyunt-U, Soe] WHO, Off Representat, San Lazaro Hosp, DOH, Manila, Philippines. [Blas Mantaring, Jacinto, III; Silvestre, Mianne] Univ Philippines, Manila Philippine Gen Hosp, Dept Pediat, Manila, Philippines. [Ducusin, Joyce] San Lazaro Hosp, Dept Hlth, Manila, Philippines. RP Wallace, AS (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-A05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM awallace@cdc.gov FU World Health Organization; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We thank the data collection team from the University of the Philippines. We also thank Eric Mast, Jacqueline Gindler, Karen Hennessey, and Elizabeth Luman for their valuable comments on the draft manuscript and the protocol and Earl Bradbury on his contributions towards the protocol. Lastly, we thank the health workers from the Philippines Department of Health for their participation in the evaluation. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The work was supported by the World Health Organization and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD PI BASINGSTOKE PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 0197-5897 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH POL JI J. Public Health Policy PD AUG PY 2012 VL 33 IS 3 BP 368 EP 381 DI 10.1057/jphp.2012.18 PG 14 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 992QC UT WOS:000307793800012 PM 22673757 ER PT J AU Ruiz, P Begluitti, G Tincher, T Wheeler, J Mumtaz, M AF Ruiz, Patricia Begluitti, Gino Tincher, Terry Wheeler, John Mumtaz, Moiz TI Prediction of Acute Mammalian Toxicity Using QSAR Methods: A Case Study of Sulfur Mustard and Its Breakdown Products SO MOLECULES LA English DT Article DE sulfur mustard; QSAR; SAR; mammalian oral; LD50; quantitative structure-activity relationship; in silico modeling ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; APPLICABILITY DOMAINS; CHEMICAL-SUBSTANCES; MODELS; TOXICOLOGY; SYSTEMS; HEALTH; MUTAGENICITY; INFORMATION; RELIABILITY AB Predicting toxicity quantitatively, using Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSAR), has matured over recent years to the point that the predictions can be used to help identify missing comparison values in a substance's database. In this manuscript we investigate using the lethal dose that kills fifty percent of a test population (the LD50) for determining relative toxicity of a number of substances. In general, the smaller the LD50 value, the more toxic the chemical, and the larger the LD50 value, the lower the toxicity. When systemic toxicity and other specific toxicity data are unavailable for the chemical(s) of interest, during emergency responses, LD50 values may be employed to determine the relative toxicity of a series of chemicals. In the present study, a group of chemical warfare agents and their breakdown products have been evaluated using four available rat oral QSAR LD50 models. The QSAR analysis shows that the breakdown products of Sulfur Mustard (HD) are predicted to be less toxic than the parent compound as well as other known breakdown products that have known toxicities. The QSAR estimated break down products LD50 values ranged from 299 mg/kg to 5,764 mg/kg. This evaluation allows for the ranking and toxicity estimation of compounds for which little toxicity information existed; thus leading to better risk decision making in the field. C1 [Ruiz, Patricia; Wheeler, John; Mumtaz, Moiz] Agcy Toxic Subst & Dis Registry, Computat Toxicol & Methods Dev Lab, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Begluitti, Gino; Tincher, Terry] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Environm Publ Hlth Readiness Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ruiz, P (reprint author), Agcy Toxic Subst & Dis Registry, Computat Toxicol & Methods Dev Lab, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pruiz@cdc.gov NR 64 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 34 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1420-3049 J9 MOLECULES JI Molecules PD AUG PY 2012 VL 17 IS 8 BP 8982 EP 9001 DI 10.3390/molecules17088982 PG 20 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 998BB UT WOS:000308211100023 PM 22842643 ER PT J AU Wolf, J Nagel, MA Mahalingam, R Cohrs, RJ Schmid, DS Gilden, D AF Wolf, James Nagel, Maria A. Mahalingam, Ravi Cohrs, Randall J. Schmid, D. Scott Gilden, Don TI CHRONIC ACTIVE VARICELLA ZOSTER VIRUS INFECTION SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID SINE HERPETE C1 [Wolf, James; Nagel, Maria A.; Mahalingam, Ravi; Cohrs, Randall J.; Schmid, D. Scott] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Aurora, CO USA. [Wolf, James] Greater Baltimore Med Ctr, Dept Gynecol, Phys Pavill, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD 21204 USA. [Gilden, Don] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Aurora, CO USA. [Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gilden, D (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Aurora, CO USA. EM Don.Gilden@ucdenver.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [AG006127, R37 AG006127, R01 AG006127]; NINDS NIH HHS [P01 NS032623, K08 NS067070, NS067070, NS32623] NR 7 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD AUG PY 2012 VL 79 IS 8 BP 828 EP 829 DI 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182661ffa PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 996JD UT WOS:000308080100026 PM 22875096 ER PT J AU Lindehammer, SR Honkanen, H Nix, WA Oikarinen, M Lynch, KF Jonsson, I Marsal, K Oberste, S Hyoty, H Lernmark, A AF Lindehammer, Sabina Resic Honkanen, Hanna Nix, William Allan Oikarinen, Maarit Lynch, Kristian Francis Jonsson, Ida Marsal, Karel Oberste, Steven Hyoty, Heikki Lernmark, Ake TI Seroconversion to Islet Autoantibodies After Enterovirus Infection in Early Pregnancy SO VIRAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BETA-CELL AUTOIMMUNITY; GLUTAMIC-ACID DECARBOXYLASE; DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; CHILDHOOD-ONSET IDDM; COXSACKIE-B; CLINICAL SPECIMENS; HLA GENOTYPES; YOUNG DAISY; RISK-FACTOR; CORD BLOOD AB Gestational enterovirus (EV) infections have been associated with an increased risk for type 1 diabetes in the offspring. We therefore analyzed non-diabetic mothers for EV exposure in early pregnancy in relation to type 1 diabetes HLA-DQ risk genotypes and seroconversion to islet autoantibodies during pregnancy. Non-diabetic mothers who had islet autoantibodies (n = 365) against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), islet antigen-2 autoantibodies (IA-2A), or insulin autoantibodies (IAA), in early pregnancy and at delivery were compared to islet autoantibody-negative mothers (n = 1457) matched for age and sampling date. Mothers were genotyped for HLA-DQ and analyzed for both EV-RNA and EV-IgM. EV-IgM, but not EV-RNA, was detected during early pregnancy in 12% of islet autoantibody-positive mothers compared to 11% of the controls. In early pregnancy, mothers with HLA-DQ 2/2 or 2/X genotypes showed an increased risk for islet autoantibodies at delivery (OR 1.85; p = 0.001). After adjusting for parity, maternal age, year of birth, and season of early pregnancy, early pregnancy EV-IgM combined with DQ2/2 or 2/X increased the risk for islet autoantibodies (OR 3.10; 95% CI 1; p = 0.008). EV-IgM in early pregnancy increased the risk for islet autoantibodies at delivery in non-diabetic mothers with HLA-DQ 2/2 or 2/X type 1 diabetes risk genotypes. C1 [Lindehammer, Sabina Resic; Lynch, Kristian Francis; Jonsson, Ida; Lernmark, Ake] Lund Univ, CRC, Dept Clin Sci, Skane Univ Hosp SUS, SE-20502 Malmo, Sweden. [Honkanen, Hanna; Oikarinen, Maarit; Hyoty, Heikki] Univ Tampere, Dept Virol, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland. [Nix, William Allan; Oberste, Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Marsal, Karel] Skane Univ Hosp SUS, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Lund, Sweden. [Hyoty, Heikki] Tampere Univ Hosp, Ctr Lab Med, Dept Clin Microbiol, Tampere, Finland. RP Lindehammer, SR (reprint author), Lund Univ, CRC, Dept Clin Sci, Univ Hosp SUS 91 10, Entrance 72, SE-20502 Malmo, Sweden. EM sabina.lindehammer@med.lu.se FU European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EFSD); Swedish Research Council [K2008-55X-15312-04-3]; Swedish Diabetes Association [DIA2011-095]; Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation [KAW 2006.0125]; Skane County Council for Research and Development FX This work was supported by the European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EFSD), the Swedish Research Council (K2008-55X-15312-04-3), the Swedish Diabetes Association (DIA2011-095), the Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW 2006.0125), and the Skane County Council for Research and Development. We thank Mrs. Eveliina Jalonen for expert assistance in enterovirus antibody analyses, and Malin Fex and Ahmed Delli for advice and for reviewing the manuscript. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0882-8245 EI 1557-8976 J9 VIRAL IMMUNOL JI Viral Immunol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 25 IS 4 BP 254 EP 261 DI 10.1089/vim.2012.0022 PG 8 WC Immunology; Virology SC Immunology; Virology GA 991UZ UT WOS:000307729400004 ER PT J AU Gilbert, AT Petersen, BW Recuenco, S Niezgoda, M Gomez, J Laguna-Torres, VA Rupprecht, C AF Gilbert, Amy T. Petersen, Brett W. Recuenco, Sergio Niezgoda, Michael Gomez, Jorge Alberto Laguna-Torres, V. Rupprecht, Charles TI Evidence of Rabies Virus Exposure among Humans in the Peruvian Amazon SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID BIG BROWN BATS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; VAMPIRE BATS; NEUTRALIZING-ANTIBODY; INSECTIVOROUS BATS; EPTESICUS-FUSCUS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; GENETIC-CONTROL; LATIN-AMERICA AB In May of 2010, two communities (Truenococha and Santa Marta) reported to be at risk of vampire bat depredation were surveyed in the Province Datem del Maranon in the Loreto Department of Peril. Risk factors for bat exposure included age less than or equal to 25 years and owning animals that had been bitten by bats. Rabies virus neutralizing antibodies (rVNAs) were detected in 11% (7 of 63) of human sera tested. Rabies virus ribonucleoprotein (RNP) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were detected in the sera of three individuals, two of whom were also seropositive for rVNA. Rabies virus RNP IgM antibodies were detected in one respondent with no evidence of rVNA or RNP IgG antibodies. Because one respondent with positive rVNA results reported prior vaccination and 86% (six of seven) of rVNA-positive respondents reported being bitten by bats, these data suggest nonfatal exposure of persons to rabies virus, which is likely associated with vampire bat depredation. C1 [Gilbert, Amy T.; Petersen, Brett W.; Recuenco, Sergio; Niezgoda, Michael; Rupprecht, Charles] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gomez, Jorge] Minist Salad, Direcc Gen Epidemiol, Lima, Peru. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Alberto Laguna-Torres, V.] USN, Dept Virol, Med Res Unit 6, Lima, Peru. RP Gilbert, AT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fcj6@cdc.gov; ige3@cdc.gov; fni9@cdc.gov; man6@cdc.gov; jgomez@dge.gob.pe; alberto.laguna@med.navy.mil; cyr5@cdc.gov OI Recuenco-Cabrera, Sergio/0000-0002-8446-7411 FU collaborative Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-University of Georgia Seed Award FX Funding for the study was provided by a collaborative Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-University of Georgia Seed Award. NR 85 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 87 IS 2 BP 206 EP 215 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0689 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 984QA UT WOS:000307204900006 PM 22855749 ER PT J AU Worrell, C Mathieu, E AF Worrell, Caitlin Mathieu, Els TI Drug Coverage Surveys for Neglected Tropical Diseases: 10 Years of Field Experience SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; HEALTH SURVEYS; ELIMINATION; NIGERIA; IMPACT AB Mass drug administration is one of the public health strategies recommended by the World Health Organization for the control and elimination of seven neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Because adequate coverage is vital to achieve program goals, periodically conducting surveys to validate reported coverage to guide NTD programs is recommended. Over the past decade, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and collaborators conducted more than 30 two-stage cluster household surveys across three continents. The questionnaires gathered coverage data and information relevant to improving NTD programs including NTD-related attitudes and practices. From the 37 coverage survey estimates obtained in those surveys, 73.3% indicated an over reporting of coverage, including all three that assessed school-based distributions. It took an average of 1 week to conduct a survey. Our experiences led us to conclude that coverage surveys are useful and feasible tools to ensure NTD elimination and control goals are reached. C1 [Worrell, Caitlin; Mathieu, Els] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Mathieu, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Mail Stop F-22,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM uvz2@cdc.gov; emm7@cdc.gov FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; RTI/USAID; CDC; Children without Worms; GSK; ITI; MDP FX We thank all the donors, including Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, RTI/USAID, CDC, Children without Worms, GSK, ITI and MDP for financing the surveys. NR 16 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 87 IS 2 BP 216 EP 222 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0167 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 984QA UT WOS:000307204900007 PM 22855750 ER PT J AU Hall, RL Lindsay, A Hammond, C Montgomery, SP Wilkins, PP da Silva, AJ McAuliffe, I de Almeida, M Bishop, H Mathison, B Sun, B Largusa, R Jones, JL AF Hall, Rebecca L. Lindsay, Ann Hammond, Chris Montgomery, Susan P. Wilkins, Patricia P. da Silva, Alexandre J. McAuliffe, Isabel de Almeida, Marcos Bishop, Henry Mathison, Blaine Sun, Benjamin Largusa, Ron Jones, Jeffrey L. TI Outbreak of Human Trichinellosis in Northern California Caused by Trichinella murrelli SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID BEAR MEAT; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; CONSUMPTION; GENOTYPES; DIAGNOSIS; FEATURES AB In October of 2008, an outbreak of trichinellosis occurred in northern California that sickened 30 of 38 attendees of an event at which meat from a black bear was served. Morphologic and molecular testing of muscle from the leftover portion of bear meat revealed that the bear was infected with Trichinella murrelli, a sylvatic species of Trichinella found in temperate North America. Clinical records revealed a high attack rate for this outbreak: 78% for persons consuming any bear meat and 100% for persons consuming raw or undercooked bear meat. To our knowledge, this report is the first published report of a human trichinellosis outbreak in the United States attributed to T and it is the second such outbreak reported worldwide. C1 Life Source Biomed LLC, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Lindsay, Ann; Hammond, Chris; Largusa, Ron] Humboldt Cty Dept Hlth, Publ Hlth Branch, Eureka, CA USA. [Hall, Rebecca L.; Montgomery, Susan P.; Wilkins, Patricia P.; da Silva, Alexandre J.; McAuliffe, Isabel; de Almeida, Marcos; Bishop, Henry; Mathison, Blaine; Jones, Jeffrey L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sun, Benjamin] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Ctr Infect Dis, Sacramento, CA USA. RP Hall, RL (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-06, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bqu5@cdc.gov; ann.lindsay@tstanford.edu; chris.hammond@stjoe.org; zqu6@CDC.GOV; pwilkins@cdc.gov; abs8@cdc.gov; ibm4@cdc.gov; bnz0@cdc.gov; hsb2@cdc.Rov; gqa4@cdc.gov; bgs9@cdc.gov; RLargusa@co.humboldt.ca.us; jljl@cdc.gov RI Hall, Rebecca/B-9381-2013 OI Hall, Rebecca/0000-0002-7743-630X NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 87 IS 2 BP 297 EP 302 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0075 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 984QA UT WOS:000307204900018 PM 22855761 ER PT J AU Gundi, VAKB Kosoy, MY Makundi, RH Laudisoit, A AF Gundi, Vijay A. K. B. Kosoy, Michael Y. Makundi, Rhodes H. Laudisoit, Anne TI Identification of Diverse Bartonella Genotypes among Small Mammals from Democratic Republic of Congo and Tanzania SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID CITRATE SYNTHASE GENE; MOLECULAR-DETECTION; RICKETTSIA-FELIS; SOUTHERN CHINA; B-HENSELAE; SP. NOV.; RODENTS; SPP.; WILD; PREVALENCE AB Small mammals from the Democratic Republic (DR) of the Congo and Tanzania were tested to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of Bartonella species. The presence of Bartonella DNA was assessed in spleen samples of the animals by rpoB- and gltA-polymerase chain reactions (PCRs). By rpoB-PCR, Bartonella was detected in 8 of 59 animals of DR Congo and in 16 of 39 Tanzanian animals. By gltA-PCR, Bartonella was detected in 5 and 15 animals of DR Congo and Tanzania, respectively. The gene sequences from Arvicanthis neumanni were closely related to Bartonella elizabethae. The genotypes from Lophuromys spp. and from Praomys delectorum were close to Bartonella tribocorum. Five genogroups were not genetically related to any known Bartonella species. These results suggest the need to conduct further studies to establish the zoonotic risks linked with those Bartonella species and, in particular, to verify whether these agents might be responsible for human cases of febrile illness of unknown etiology in Africa. C1 [Kosoy, Michael Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bartonella Lab, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Makundi, Rhodes H.] Sokoine Univ Agr, Morogoro, Tanzania. [Laudisoit, Anne] Vet & Agrochem Res Ctr, Brussels, Belgium. [Laudisoit, Anne] Univ Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Laudisoit, Anne] Univ Liege, Liege, Belgium. RP Kosoy, MY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bartonella Lab, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd,Foothills Res Campus, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mck3@cdc.gov RI Laudisoit, Anne/F-2646-2017 OI Laudisoit, Anne/0000-0001-7626-9426 FU Centers for Disease and Control and Prevention (CDC); Belgium fund for Scientific Research (FNRS); Belgium fund for Scientific Research (FRIA); University of Antwerp (Belgium); Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) Fellowship Program administered by the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) and funded by the Centers for Disease and Control and Prevention (CDC). We wish to acknowledge the financial support from the Belgium funds for Scientific Research (FNRS and FRIA), the University of Antwerp (Belgium), the Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania, and the logistical support from the Pest Management Centre that enabled the scientific expedition to the Rift Valley District of Mbulu in northern Tanzania. NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 87 IS 2 BP 319 EP 326 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0555 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 984QA UT WOS:000307204900022 PM 22855765 ER PT J AU Sheikh, S Law, R Bronstein, A Thomas, R Spiller, H Schier, J AF Sheikh, Sophia Law, Royal Bronstein, Alvin Thomas, Richard Spiller, Henry Schier, Joshua TI Incidents of public health significance identified by National Surveillance of Poison Center Data SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Public health; Surveillance; Epidemiology C1 [Sheikh, Sophia; Law, Royal; Schier, Joshua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RI Sheikh, Sophia/F-9746-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 50 IS 7 MA 6 BP 576 EP 577 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 985WB UT WOS:000307300100014 ER PT J AU Vagi, SJ Sheikh, S Brackney, M Smolinske, S Warrick, B Reuter, N Schier, JG AF Vagi, Sara J. Sheikh, Sophia Brackney, Monica Smolinske, Susan Warrick, Brandon Reuter, Nicholas Schier, Joshua G. TI Passive multi-state surveillance for levamisole-associated neutropenia in cocaine or heroin users SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Cocaine; Epidemiology; Surveillance C1 [Vagi, Sara J.; Sheikh, Sophia; Schier, Joshua G.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brackney, Monica] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Smolinske, Susan; Warrick, Brandon] Childrens Hosp Michigan, Reg Poison Ctr, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Reuter, Nicholas] US Subst Abuse & Mental Hlth Serv Adm, Rockville, MD USA. RI Schier, Joshua/F-9861-2013; Sheikh, Sophia/F-9746-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 50 IS 7 MA 83 BP 610 EP 611 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 985WB UT WOS:000307300100091 ER PT J AU Sheikh, S Kieszak, S Law, R Bennett, HK Ernst, E Bond, R Spiller, H Schurz-Rogers, H Chu, A Bronstein, AC Schier, JG AF Sheikh, Sophia Kieszak, Stephanie Law, Royal Bennett, Heather K. Ernst, Elaine Bond, Randall Spiller, Henry Schurz-Rogers, Helen Chu, Alvin Bronstein, Alvin C. Schier, Joshua G. TI Characterizing risk factors for pediatric lamp oil product exposures SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Hydrocarbon; Public health; Pediatric C1 [Sheikh, Sophia; Kieszak, Stephanie; Law, Royal; Schurz-Rogers, Helen; Schier, Joshua G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bennett, Heather K.] Utah Poison Control Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Ernst, Elaine] Wisconsin Poison Ctr, Milwaukee, WI USA. [Bond, Randall] Cincinnati Drug & Poison Informat Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Spiller, Henry] Kentucky Reg Poison Ctr, Louisville, KY USA. [Chu, Alvin] New Jersey Poison Informat & Educ Syst, Newark, NJ USA. RI Schier, Joshua/F-9861-2013; Sheikh, Sophia/F-9746-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 50 IS 7 MA 117 BP 626 EP 626 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 985WB UT WOS:000307300100125 ER PT J AU Schier, JG Sejvar, JJ Lutterloh, EC Likaka, A Katsoudas, E Karaseva, YD Barr, BT Redwood, Y Monroe, S AF Schier, Joshua G. Sejvar, James J. Lutterloh, Emily C. Likaka, Andrew Katsoudas, Eugenia Karaseva, Yelena D. Barr, Beth T. Redwood, Yanique Monroe, Stephan TI Consumption of pesticide-treated wheat seed by a rural population in Malawi SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Pesticide; Food poisoning; Environmental C1 [Schier, Joshua G.; Redwood, Yanique] CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sejvar, James J.; Monroe, Stephan] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lutterloh, Emily C.] Kentucky Dept Publ Hlth, Frankfort, KS USA. [Likaka, Andrew] Malawi Minist Hlth, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Katsoudas, Eugenia; Karaseva, Yelena D.] US FDA, NE Reg Lab, US Dept HHS, Jamaica, NY USA. [Barr, Beth T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Ctr Global Hlth, Lilongwe, Malawi. RI Schier, Joshua/F-9861-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 50 IS 7 MA 200 BP 663 EP 664 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 985WB UT WOS:000307300100208 ER PT J AU Chang, A Law, R Martin, C Bronstein, A Grande, K Simone, K Caravati, M Schier, J AF Chang, Arthur Law, Royal Martin, Colleen Bronstein, Alvin Grande, Kendra Simone, Karen Caravati, Martin Schier, Joshua TI Surveillance for radiation exposures using the National Poison Data System SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Radiation; National Poison Data System; Surveillance C1 [Chang, Arthur; Law, Royal; Martin, Colleen; Schier, Joshua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bronstein, Alvin] Rocky Mt Poison & Drug Ctr, Denver, CO USA. [Grande, Kendra] Thomson Reuters, Denver, CO USA. [Simone, Karen] No New England Poison Ctr, Portland, ME USA. [Caravati, Martin] Utah Poison Control Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 50 IS 7 MA 236 BP 680 EP 680 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 985WB UT WOS:000307300100244 ER PT J AU Pomerleau, AC Schwartz, M AF Pomerleau, Adam C. Schwartz, Michael TI Ammonium nitrate cold pack ingestion presenting with a negative anion gap SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Laboratory; Ammonium nitrate; Negative anion gap C1 [Pomerleau, Adam C.] Georgia Poison Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schwartz, Michael] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 50 IS 7 MA 265 BP 693 EP 693 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 985WB UT WOS:000307300100273 ER PT J AU Maikai, BV Umoh, JU Lawal, IA Kudi, AC Ejembi, CL Xiao, LH AF Maikai, Beatty V. Umoh, Jarlath U. Lawal, Idris A. Kudi, Ayuba C. Ejembi, Clara L. Xiao, Lihua TI Molecular characterizations of Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and Enterocytozoon in humans in Kaduna State, Nigeria SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; Giardia; Enterocytozoon; Humans; Nigeria ID HIV-INFECTED PERSONS; BIENEUSI; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CHILDREN; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSMISSION; GENOTYPES; DIARRHEA; SUBTYPES; ANIMALS AB The use of molecular diagnostic tools in epidemiological investigations of Cryptosporidium. Giardia, and Enterocytozoon has provided new insights into their diversity and transmission pathways. In this study, 157 stool specimens from 2-month to 70-year-old patients were collected, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene was used to detect and differentiate Cryptosporidium species, and DNA sequence analysis of the 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene was used to subtype Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum. Giardia duodenalis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in the specimens were detected using PCR and sequence analysis of the triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS), respectively. C hominis and C parvum were found in two (1.3%) and one (0.6%) specimen respectively. comprising of la and Ile (with 8 nucleotide substitutions) subtype families. The G. duodenalis A2 subtype was detected in five (3.2%) specimens, while four genotypes of E. bieneusi, namely A, type IV, D and WL7 were found in 10 (6.4%) specimens. Children aged two years or younger had the highest occurrence of Cryptosporidium (4.4%) and Enterocytozoon (13.0%) while children of 6 to 17 years had the highest Giardia infection rate (40.0%). No Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and Enterocytozoon were detected in patients older than 60 years. Enterocytozoon had high infection rates in both HIV-positive (3.3%) and HIV-negative (8.3%) patients. Results of the study suggest that anthroponotic transmission may be important in the transmission of Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis while zoonotic transmissions may also play a role in the transmission of E. bieneusi in humans in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Maikai, Beatty V.; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodbome Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Maikai, Beatty V.; Umoh, Jarlath U.] Ahmadu Bello Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Vet Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Zaria, Nigeria. [Lawal, Idris A.] Ahmadu Bello Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Vet Parasitol & Entomol, Zaria, Nigeria. [Kudi, Ayuba C.] Ahmadu Bello Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Vet Med & Surg, Zaria, Nigeria. [Ejembi, Clara L.] Ahmadu Bello Univ, Fac Med, Dept Community Med, Zaria, Nigeria. RP Xiao, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodbome Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA FX This work was supported in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. We thank Theresa Dearen for technical assistance. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 37 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 131 IS 4 BP 452 EP 456 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.05.011 PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 986ER UT WOS:000307324500009 PM 22664352 ER PT J AU Prosser, LA Grosse, SD Kemper, AR Tarini, BA Perrin, JM AF Prosser, Lisa A. Grosse, Scott D. Kemper, Alex R. Tarini, Beth A. Perrin, James M. TI Decision analysis, economic evaluation, and newborn screening: challenges and opportunities SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE cost-effectiveness; decision analysis; economic evaluation; health policy; newborn screening ID COA DEHYDROGENASE-DEFICIENCY; CONGENITAL ADRENAL-HYPERPLASIA; SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; COST-UTILITY; PRIMER; DISORDERS; AUSTRALIA; MORTALITY; DIAGNOSIS AB The number of conditions included in newborn screening panels has increased rapidly in the United States during the past decade, and many more conditions are under consideration for addition to state panels. The rare nature of candidate conditions for newborn screening makes their evaluation challenging. The scarcity of data on the costs of screening, follow-up, treatment, and long-term disability must be addressed to improve the evaluation process for nominated conditions. Decision analyses and economic evaluations can help inform policy decisions for newborn screening programs by providing a systematic approach to synthesizing available evidence and providing projected estimates of long-term clinical and economic outcomes when long-term data are not available. In this review, we outline the types of data required for the development of decision analysis and cost-effectiveness models for newborn screening programs and discuss the challenges faced when applying these methods in the arena of newborn screening to help inform policy decisions. Genet Med 2012:14(8):703-712 C1 [Prosser, Lisa A.; Tarini, Beth A.] Univ Michigan, Div Gen Pediat, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Grosse, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kemper, Alex R.] Duke Univ, Dept Pediat, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Perrin, James M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, MassGen Hosp Children, Ctr Child & Adolescent Hlth Policy, Boston, MA USA. RP Prosser, LA (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Div Gen Pediat, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM lisapros@med.umich.edu FU University of Michigan; Duke University; MassGeneral Hospital for Children [HHSP23320045014XI]; Department of Health and Human Services; Health Resources and Services Administration; Maternal and Child Health Bureau FX This work was supported by subcontracts to the University of Michigan, Duke University, and MassGeneral Hospital for Children under prime contract (HHSP23320045014XI) to the Altarum Institute from the Department of Health and Human Services, the Health Resources and Services Administration, and the Maternal and Child Health Bureau. We also appreciate the expert research assistance of Kara Lamarand. NR 54 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 9 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 14 IS 8 BP 703 EP 712 DI 10.1038/gim.2012.24 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 985SC UT WOS:000307288900001 ER PT J AU Bloss, E Makombe, R Kip, E Smit, M Chirenda, J Gammino, VM Creek, T Oeltmann, JE AF Bloss, E. Makombe, R. Kip, E. Smit, M. Chirenda, J. Gammino, V. M. Creek, T. Oeltmann, J. E. TI Lessons learned during tuberculosis screening in public medical clinics in Francistown, Botswana SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; Botswana; HIV/AIDS; intensified case finding ID HIV AB In Botswana, where one quarter of the adult population is infected with the human immunodeficiency virus and the annual tuberculosis (TB) incidence is among the highest globally, intensified TB case finding is needed in health care facilities to detect and treat TB cases early and prevent transmission. During August-December 2009, TB screening was implemented among adults at patient intake in five clinics in Francistown. Among 11 779 TB screenings at intake, 926 were positive. Nineteen patients were diagnosed with TB. Routine TB screening at intake was operationally feasible, but had low yield. Innovative case-finding strategies are needed in Botswana. C1 [Bloss, E.; Gammino, V. M.; Creek, T.; Oeltmann, J. E.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Makombe, R.; Smit, M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana. [Kip, E.; Chirenda, J.] Botswana Natl TB Program, Gaborone, Botswana. RP Bloss, E (reprint author), CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Int Res & Programs Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dpu2@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through the President's Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief FX This project was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through the President's Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 16 IS 8 BP 1030 EP 1032 DI 10.5588/ijtld.11.0736 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 977QF UT WOS:000306678800008 PM 22687289 ER PT J AU Cavanaugh, JS Kazennyy, BY Nguyen, ML Kiryanova, EV Vitek, E Khorosheva, TM Nemtsova, E Cegielski, JP AF Cavanaugh, J. S. Kazennyy, B. Y. Nguyen, M. L. Kiryanova, E. V. Vitek, E. Khorosheva, T. M. Nemtsova, E. Cegielski, J. P. TI Outcomes and follow-up of patients treated for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Orel, Russia, 2002-2005 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE recurrence; default; alcohol ID MDR-TB; XDR-TB; RETROSPECTIVE COHORT; RISK-FACTORS; RECURRENCE; ALCOHOL; IMPLEMENTATION; METAANALYSIS; MANAGEMENT; DEFAULT AB SETTING: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment facility, Orel Oblast, Russian Federation. OBJECTIVES: To determine factors associated with poor outcome and to document status of patients after recording of TB outcomes. DESIGN: Retrospective review of prospective single cohort. RESULTS: Among 192 patients, factors significantly associated with poor outcome in multivariate analysis include three or more treatment interruptions during the intensive phase of therapy and alcohol or drug addiction (adjusted OR [aOR] 2.1, 95%CI 1.0-4.3 and aOR 1.9, 95%CI 1.0-3.7). Previous treatment was associated with poor outcome, but only among smear-positive patients (aOR 3.1, 95%CI 1.3-7.3). Ten patients (5%) developed extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) during treatment; of 115 patients with at least 6 months of follow-up data after outcomes were recorded, 13 (11%) developed XDR-TB. CONCLUSION: Interventions focused on supporting patient adherence during the intensive phase of treatment; the management of drug and alcohol addiction should be developed and studied. A substantial proportion of patients developed XDR-TB during and after treatment. Longer term follow-up data of patients treated for MDR-TB are needed to better inform programmatic policy. C1 [Cavanaugh, J. S.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cavanaugh, J. S.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kazennyy, B. Y.; Kiryanova, E. V.; Khorosheva, T. M.; Nemtsova, E.] Orel Oblast Cent TB Dispensary, Oryol, Russia. [Nguyen, M. L.] Emory Univ, Div Infect Dis, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Cavanaugh, JS (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hgi7@cdc.gov FU US Agency for International Development; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the US Agency for International Development and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 2 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 16 IS 8 BP 1069 EP 1074 DI 10.5588/ijtld.11.0696 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 977QF UT WOS:000306678800015 PM 22691694 ER PT J AU Mitruka, K Winston, CA Navin, TR AF Mitruka, K. Winston, C. A. Navin, T. R. TI Predictors of failure in timely tuberculosis treatment completion, United States SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; treatment; extra-pulmonary; pulmonary; disease notification ID ANTITUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT; PUBLIC-HEALTH; TRENDS AB SETTING: The US tuberculosis (TB) surveillance system. OBJECTIVE: To examine failure in timely TB treatment completion to identify interventions toward achieving the national goal of >= 93% treatment completion in <= 12 months among patients eligible for 6-9 month regimens. DESIGN: We examined 1993-2006 trends in timely treatment completion; for 2006 cases, we used Poisson regression to assess predictors for failure in timely completion. RESULTS: Timely treatment completion improved from 64% in 1993 to 84% in 2006, with similar trends among foreign- and US-born persons and racial/ethnic subgroups. Annual increases in timely completion were <= 1 percentage point during 1998-2006. Subpopulations at highest risk for failure in timely completion were persons with combined pulmonary and extra-pulmonary disease (foreign-born adjusted RR [aRR] 3.25, 95%CI 2.47-4.28; US-born aRR 2.75, 95%CI 1.98-3.83) or incarceration (foreign-born aRR 2.30, 95%CI 1.80-2.93; US-born aRR 1.71, 95%CI 1.36-2.14). Homelessness and human immunodeficiency virus infection were other risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Particular attention to timely completion is needed for subpopulations requiring strong medical expertise in TB management and those at risk for treatment non-adherence, especially if foreign-born. Understanding and addressing causes of delayed completion and improving documentation of treatment completion among all cases will be crucial to achieving the US goal. C1 [Mitruka, K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance Epidemiol & Outbreak Invest Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mitruka, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance Epidemiol & Outbreak Invest Branch, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kmitruka@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Health and Human Services FX The authors are grateful to public health jurisdictions for reporting tuberculosis cases to the National TB Surveillance System. They also thank M B Haddad for careful review of the manuscript and assistance with editing, P A LoBue, J Becerra and K Powell for reviewing the manuscript, and R H Pratt for excellent technical assistance with the National TB Surveillance System. This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Health and Human Services, as part of full-time employment of all authors. The opinions expressed by the authors do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 16 IS 8 BP 1075 EP 1082 DI 10.5588/ijtld.11.0814 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 977QF UT WOS:000306678800016 PM 22668774 ER PT J AU Mosquera, J Parra, DC Gomez, LF Sarmiento, O Schmid, T Jacoby, E AF Mosquera, Janeth Parra, Diana C. Fernando Gomez, Luis Sarmiento, Olga Schmid, Tom Jacoby, Enrique TI An Inside Look at Active Transportation in Bogota: A Qualitative Study SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE active commuting; bicycling; physical activity; Ciclorutas; Colombia ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; HEALTH-PROMOTION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; WALKING; LESSONS; ENVIRONMENTS; NETHERLANDS; GERMANY; DESIGN; ADULTS AB Background: The health benefits of physical activity are well documented in scientific literature. Bicycling for transportation is a modality of physical activity that people can incorporate easily into their daily lives. Methods: A qualitative study using 11 semi-structured individual interviews and 5 focus groups was conducted among 31 male and 13 female adult residents of Bogota, Colombia in 2006, to explore barriers and facilitators of bicycle use for transportation purposes. People were selected based on socioeconomic status, age, and gender. Thematic analysis complemented with thematic network analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Six main themes emerged from the study: 1) general acknowledgment of individual and collective benefits of bicycle use, 2) built environment conditions were linked with bicycle use, 3) some social factors affect bicycling negatively, 4) people perceived conflicts over public space related to the use of bike-paths, 5) general negative public perception of bicyclists, and 6) gender differences influence patterns of bicycle use. Conclusion: The findings from this qualitative study show that various social and physical barriers must be addressed to increase bicycle use as a means of transportation in Bogota. C1 [Mosquera, Janeth; Fernando Gomez, Luis] FES Fdn, Hlth Div, Bogota, Colombia. [Parra, Diana C.] Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Parra, Diana C.] Prevent Res Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. [Sarmiento, Olga] Univ Los Andes, Dept Social Med, Bogota, Colombia. [Schmid, Tom] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Phys Act & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jacoby, Enrique] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Non Communicable Dis Unit, Washington, DC USA. RP Mosquera, J (reprint author), FES Fdn, Hlth Div, Bogota, Colombia. RI Parra, Diana/D-7633-2013; Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015; OI Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Sarmiento, Olga/0000-0002-9190-3568 NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 21 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD AUG PY 2012 VL 9 IS 6 BP 776 EP 785 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 992AS UT WOS:000307747800003 PM 21951947 ER PT J AU Stormo, AR Altamirano, VC Perez-Castells, M Espey, D Padilla, H Panameno, K Soria, M Santos, C Saraiya, M Luciani, S AF Stormo, Analia Romina Altamirano, Victor Conde Perez-Castells, Macarena Espey, David Padilla, Haydee Panameno, Karen Soria, Milton Santos, Carlos Saraiya, Mona Luciani, Silvana TI Bolivian Health Providers' Attitudes Toward Alternative Technologies for Cervical Cancer Prevention: A Focus on Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid and Cryotherapy SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS; TRIAL; INDIA AB Background: Little is known about health providers' attitudes toward visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and cryotherapy in the prevention of cervical cancer, as most research in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has examined attitudes of the general population. This study describes attitudes of Bolivian health professionals toward new technologies for cervical cancer prevention, focusing on VIA and cryotherapy. Methods: Between February 2011 and March 2012, we surveyed 7 nurses and 35 physicians who participated in 5-day workshops on VIA and cryotherapy conducted in Bolivia. Multiple choice and open-ended questions were used to assess participants' acceptability of these procedures and the feasibility of their implementation in the context of perceived barriers for the early detection of cervical cancer in this country. Results: Most believed that cultural factors represent the main barrier for the early detection of cervical cancer (70%), although all stated that VIA and cryotherapy would be accepted by women, citing the advantages of VIA over cytology for this belief. Most also believed their colleagues would accept VIA and cryotherapy (71%) and that VIA should replace Pap testing (61%), reiterating the advantages of VIA for these beliefs. Those who believed the contrary expressed a general resistance to change associated with an already existing cytology program and national norms prioritizing Pap testing. Conclusions: Most participants had favorable attitudes toward VIA and cryotherapy; however, a sizable minority cited challenges to their adoption by colleagues and believed VIA should not replace cytology. This report can inform the development of strategies to expand the use of alternative cervical cancer screening methods in LAC and Bolivia. C1 [Stormo, Analia Romina; Espey, David; Saraiya, Mona] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Altamirano, Victor Conde; Soria, Milton] Minist Salud & Deportes, La Paz, Bolivia. [Perez-Castells, Macarena; Luciani, Silvana] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Area Hlth Surveillance Dis Prevent & Control, Washington, DC USA. [Padilla, Haydee; Panameno, Karen] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Area Family & Community Hlth, La Paz, Bolivia. [Santos, Carlos] Inst Nacl Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, Peru. RP Stormo, AR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM uxr6@cdc.gov FU CDC's Research Participation Program FX This research was supported by an appointment to CDC's Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CDC. ORISE had no involvement in the study design; collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; writing; or the decision to submit this article for publication. We thank Tom Richards for creating the map included in this article (Fig. 1). NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 IS 8 BP 801 EP 808 DI 10.1089/jwh.2012.3796 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 985VZ UT WOS:000307299900001 PM 22816515 ER PT J AU Ko, JY Farr, SL Dietz, PM Robbins, CL AF Ko, Jean Y. Farr, Sherry L. Dietz, Patricia M. Robbins, Cheryl L. TI Depression and Treatment Among U.S. Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women of Reproductive Age, 2005-2009 SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL COMORBIDITY SURVEY; PRIMARY-CARE PATIENTS; UNITED-STATES; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; ANTIDEPRESSANT USE; POSTPARTUM WOMEN; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; PREVALENCE; GYNECOLOGISTS; METAANALYSIS AB Background: Depression is often undiagnosed and untreated. It is not clear if differences exist in the diagnosis and treatment of depression among pregnant and nonpregnant women. We sought to estimate the prevalence of undiagnosed depression, treatment by modality, and treatment barriers by pregnancy status among U. S. reproductive-aged women. Methods: We identified 375 pregnant and 8,657 nonpregnant women 18-44 years of age who met criteria for past-year major depressive episode (MDE) from 2005-2009 nationally representative data. Chi-square statistics and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) were calculated. Results: MDE in pregnant women (65.9%) went undiagnosed more often than in nonpregnant women (58.6%) (aPR 1.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0-1.3). Half of depressed pregnant (49.6%) and nonpregnant (53.7%) women received treatment (aPR 1.0, 95% CI 0.90-1.1), with prescription medication the most common form for both pregnant (39.6%) and nonpregnant (47.4%) women. Treatment barriers did not differ by pregnancy status and were cost (54.8%), opposition to treatment (41.7%), and stigma (26.3%). Conclusions: Pregnant women with MDE were no more likely than nonpregnant women to be diagnosed with or treated for their depression. C1 [Ko, Jean Y.; Farr, Sherry L.; Dietz, Patricia M.; Robbins, Cheryl L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ko, Jean Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Ko, JY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jeanko@cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funding was provided by U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 39 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 15 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 IS 8 BP 830 EP 836 DI 10.1089/jwh.2011.3466 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 985VZ UT WOS:000307299900006 PM 22691031 ER PT J AU Tyler, CP Whiteman, MK Zapata, LB Hillis, SD Curtis, KM McDonald, J Wingo, PA Kulkarni, A Marchbanks, PA AF Tyler, Crystal P. Whiteman, Maura K. Zapata, Lauren B. Hillis, Susan D. Curtis, Kathryn M. McDonald, Jill Wingo, Phyllis A. Kulkarni, Aniket Marchbanks, Polly A. TI The Effect of Body Mass Index and Weight Change on Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Survival in Younger Women: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER; PROGNOSTIC-FACTORS; ENDOMETRIAL CANCER; POOLED ANALYSIS; OBESITY; MORTALITY; RISK; CARCINOMA; HEIGHT; COHORT AB Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and epithelial ovarian cancer survival among young women. Methods: We conducted a cohort analysis of 425 women aged 20-54 years with incident epithelial ovarian cancer enrolled during 1980-1982 in Cancer and Steroid Hormone (CASH), a population-based, case-control study. Participants' vital status was ascertained though linkage with the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we estimated adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between survival and usual adult BMI, BMI at age 18, and weight change from age 18 to adult. Results: During a follow-up of up to 17 years, 215 women died. Compared to women with an adult BMI in the lowest quartile (<20.7), women in the second (20.8-22.5), third (22.6-24.9), and fourth (>= 25.0) quartiles were not at increased risk for death (HR 1.2, 95% CI 0.8-1.8; HR 1.1, 95% CI 0.7-1.6; and HR 0.9, 95% CI 0.6-1.4, respectively) (p trend=0.6). Similarly, neither age 18 BMI nor weight change were associated with ovarian cancer survival. Conclusions: Although elevated BMI is associated with increased ovarian cancer risk among young women, we found no evidence of its association with ovarian cancer survival in this population. C1 [Tyler, Crystal P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Career Dev Div, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Tyler, Crystal P.; Whiteman, Maura K.; Zapata, Lauren B.; Hillis, Susan D.; Curtis, Kathryn M.; McDonald, Jill; Kulkarni, Aniket; Marchbanks, Polly A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Tyler, CP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Career Dev Div, Off Workforce & Career Dev, 4770 Buford Highway,NE MS K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ctyler@cdc.gov NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 14 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 EI 1931-843X J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 IS 8 BP 865 EP 871 DI 10.1089/jwh.2012.3487 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 985VZ UT WOS:000307299900011 PM 22663301 ER PT J AU Mourao, LC Morais, CG Bueno, LL Jimenez, MC Soares, IS Fontes, CJ Lacerda, MVG Xavier, MS Barnwell, JW Galinski, MR Braga, EM AF Mourao, Luiza Carvalho Morais, Cristiane Guimaraes Bueno, Lilian Lacerda Jimenez, Maria Carolina Soares, Irene Silva Fontes, Cor Jesus Guimaraes Lacerda, Marcus Vinicius Xavier, Marcos Silva Barnwell, John W. Galinski, Mary R. Braga, Erika Martins TI Naturally acquired antibodies to Plasmodium vivax blood-stage vaccine candidates (PvMSP-1(19) and PvMSP-3 alpha(359-798)) and their relationship with hematological features in malaria patients from the Brazilian Amazon SO MICROBES AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium vivax; Merozoite antigens; Malaria vaccine; Antibodies ID MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-1; PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; FALCIPARUM MALARIA; 19 KDA; RESPONSES; PARASITE; ANEMIA; IGG; CHILDREN; TRANSMISSION AB An important step when designing a vaccine is identifying the antigens that function as targets of naturally acquired antibodies. We investigated specific antibody responses against two Plasmodium vivax vaccine candidates, PvMSP-1(19) and PvMSP-3 alpha(359-798). Moreover, we assessed the relationship between these antibodies and morbidity parameters. PvMSP-1(19) was the most immunogenic antigen and the frequency of responders to this protein tended to increase in P. vivax patients with higher parasitemia. For both antigens, IgG antibody responses tended to be lower in patients who had experienced their first bout of malaria. Furthermore, anemic patients presented higher IgG antibody responses to PvMSP-3 alpha(359-798). Since the humoral response involves a number of antibodies acting simultaneously on different targets, we performed a Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Anemic patients had, on average, higher first principal component scores (IgG1/IgG2/IgG3/IgG4 anti-MSP3 alpha), which were negatively correlated with hemoglobin levels. Since antibodies against PfMSP-3 have been strongly associated with clinical protection, we cannot exclude the possibility of a dual role of PvMSP-3 specific antibodies in both immunity and pathogenesis of vivax malaria. Our results confirm the high immunogenicity of the conserved C terminus of PvMSP-1 and points to the considerable immunogenicity of polymorphic PvMSP-3 alpha(359-798) during natural infection. (C) 2012 Institut Pasteur. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Mourao, Luiza Carvalho; Morais, Cristiane Guimaraes; Bueno, Lilian Lacerda; Braga, Erika Martins] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Parasitol, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Jimenez, Maria Carolina; Soares, Irene Silva] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Anal Clin & Toxicol, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Fontes, Cor Jesus] Univ Fed Mato Grosso, Dept Clin Med, Cuiaba, Brazil. [Guimaraes Lacerda, Marcus Vinicius] Fundacao Med Trop Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Xavier, Marcos Silva] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Med Vet & Prevent, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Barnwell, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Malaria Branch, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Galinski, Mary R.] Emory Univ, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Galinski, Mary R.] Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Braga, EM (reprint author), Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Parasitol, Av Antonio Carlos 6627, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. EM embraga@icb.ufmg.br RI Soares, Irene/C-5974-2012; Vacinas, Inct/J-9431-2013 FU CNPq; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais/FAPEMIG [CBB PPM-0003-09 e CBB - PPM-00177-11]; Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa (CNPq/Brazil) [471156/2010-8]; Pronex Malaria, DECIT/MS [555646/2009-2] FX The authors would like to thank to CNPq for supporting grants to Luiza Carvalho Mourao, Cristiane Guimardes Morais and Lilian Lacerda Bueno. This work was financially supported by Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais/FAPEMIG (Grant # CBB PPM-0003-09 e CBB - PPM-00177-11), Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa (CNPq/Brazil) (Grant # 471156/2010-8) and Pronex Malaria, DECIT/MS (555646/2009-2). NR 50 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1286-4579 EI 1769-714X J9 MICROBES INFECT JI Microbes Infect. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 14 IS 9 BP 730 EP 739 DI 10.1016/j.micinf.2012.02.011 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 980EZ UT WOS:000306877700008 PM 22445906 ER PT J AU Patel, M Pedreira, C De Oliveira, LH Umana, J Tate, J Lopman, B Sanchez, E Reyes, M Mercado, J Gonzalez, A Perez, MC Balmaceda, A Andrus, J Parashar, U AF Patel, Manish Pedreira, Cristina De Oliveira, Lucia Helena Umana, Jazmina Tate, Jacqueline Lopman, Ben Sanchez, Edmundo Reyes, Martha Mercado, Juan Gonzalez, Alcides Celina Perez, Maria Balmaceda, Angel Andrus, Jon Parashar, Umesh TI Duration of Protection of Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccination in Nicaragua SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; vaccine; diarrhea; vaccine effectiveness ID CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; DISEASE; EFFICACY; VACCINES; CHILDREN; MEXICO AB OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the duration of protection of pentavaent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) against rotavirus hospitalizations in Nicaragua, a developing country in Central America. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study at 4 hospitals from 2007 through 2010, including 1016 children hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed rotavirus diarrhea, 4930 controls with nonrotavirus diarrhea (ie, "test-negative"), and 5627 controls without diarrhea. All cases and controls were aged >= 6 months and born after August 2006. Outcomes included odds of antecedent vaccination between case-patients and controls, and effectiveness of vaccination (1 - adjusted odds ratio [OR] x 100). Duration of protection was assessed by comparing effectiveness among children aged < 1 year compared with >= 1 year. RESULTS: Indicators of socioeconomic conditions and nonrotavirus vaccination (oral polio vaccine and diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis/hepatitis A/hepatitis B) for test-negative controls were more comparable to the rotavirus case-patients than nondiarrhea controls. RV5 vaccination was associated with a significantly lower risk of rotavirus hospitalization by using test-negative controls (OR: 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.41-0.74) and nondiarrhea controls (OR: 0.30; 95% CI: 0.22-0.40). Risk of rotavirus hospitalization was twofold lower among RV5 vaccinated children aged < 1 year (OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.22-0.57) compared with RV5 vaccinated children aged >= 1 year (OR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.47-1.05). CONCLUSIONS: RV5 provided good protection against severe rotavirus disease in Nicaragua during the first year of life, when most severe and fatal rotavirus disease in developing countries occurs. However, the decline in protection with age warrants monitoring of disease among older children and consideration of a booster dose evaluation at the end of infancy. Pediatrics 2012;130:e365-e372 C1 [Patel, Manish] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Gastroenteritis Sect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pedreira, Cristina] PanAmer Hlth Org, Managua, Nicaragua. [Umana, Jazmina; Reyes, Martha; Mercado, Juan; Gonzalez, Alcides; Celina Perez, Maria; Balmaceda, Angel] Minist Salud, Managua, Nicaragua. [De Oliveira, Lucia Helena; Andrus, Jon] PanAmer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. RP Patel, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Gastroenteritis Sect, MS-A34,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aul3@cdc.gov FU Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI) FX Support for this project was provided by Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through funding from the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI). NR 23 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD AUG PY 2012 VL 130 IS 2 BP E365 EP E372 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-3478 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 983MI UT WOS:000307123000016 PM 22753550 ER PT J AU Swan, GE Javitz, HS Jack, LM Wessel, J Michel, M Hinds, DA Stokowksi, RP McClure, JB Catz, SL Richards, J Zbikowski, SM Deprey, M McAfee, T Conti, DV Bergen, AW AF Swan, G. E. Javitz, H. S. Jack, L. M. Wessel, J. Michel, M. Hinds, D. A. Stokowksi, R. P. McClure, J. B. Catz, S. L. Richards, J. Zbikowski, S. M. Deprey, M. McAfee, T. Conti, D. V. Bergen, A. W. TI Varenicline for smoking cessation: nausea severity and variation in nicotinic receptor genes SO PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE varenicline; nausea; smoking cessation; adherence ID PARTIAL AGONIST; SUBUNIT GENE; ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS; FAGERSTROM TEST; NEVER-SMOKERS; WOMEN SMOKERS; CHRNB2 GENE; DEPENDENCE; HAPLOTYPE AB This study evaluated association between common and rare sequence variants in 10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit genes and the severity of nausea 21 days after initiating the standard, Food and Drug Administration-approved varenicline regimen for smoking cessation. A total of 397 participants from a randomized clinical effectiveness trial with complete clinical and DNA resequencing data were included in the analysis (mean age-49.2 years; 68.0% female). Evidence for significant association between common sequence variants in CHRNB2 and nausea severity was obtained after adjusting for age, gender and correlated tests (all P-ACT < 0.05). Individuals with the minor allele of CHRNB2 variants experienced less nausea than did those without the minor allele, consistent with previously reported findings for CHRNB2 and the occurrence of nausea and dizziness as a consequence of first smoking attempt in adolescents, and with the known neurophysiology of nausea. As nausea is the most common reason for discontinuance of varenicline, further pharmacogenetic investigations are warranted. The Pharmacogenomics Journal (2012) 12, 349-358; doi:10.1038/tpj.2011.19; published online 24 May 2011 C1 [Swan, G. E.; Javitz, H. S.; Jack, L. M.; Wessel, J.; Michel, M.; Bergen, A. W.] SRI Int, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Wessel, J.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Wessel, J.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Hinds, D. A.; Stokowksi, R. P.] Perlegen Sci, Mountain View, CA USA. [Hinds, D. A.] 23 & Me, Mountain View, CA USA. [Stokowksi, R. P.] Tandem Diagnost, San Jose, CA USA. [McClure, J. B.; Catz, S. L.; Richards, J.] Grp Hlth Res Inst, Ctr Hlth Studies, Seattle, WA USA. [Zbikowski, S. M.; Deprey, M.; McAfee, T.] Free & Clear, Seattle, WA USA. [McAfee, T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Conti, D. V.] Univ So Calif, Dept Prevent Med, Div Biostat, Zilka Neurogenet Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Swan, GE (reprint author), SRI Int, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM gary.swan@sri.com OI Bergen, Andrew/0000-0002-1237-7644; Wessel, Jennifer/0000-0002-7031-0085 FU NCI [CA071358, R01CA071358]; NIDA [U01DA020830]; NIGMS; NHGRI; SRI International and Perlegen Sciences FX We thank the participants of the COMPASS smoking cessation clinical trial (CA071358, PI Gary Swan). We also appreciate the efforts of the quit coaches and the research staff of Free & Clear, the staff of the Group Health Research Institute's Survey Research Program, and Mary McElroy, Gaye Courtney, Peggy Giacalone and Trish McLeod of SRI International, whose contributions were essential to provide the data for this analysis. We also acknowledge the consultative assistance of Dr Ray Niaura, Dr Caryn Lerman and Dr Neal Benowitz, who served on the data and safety monitoring board of the study. Dr Lerman and Dr Tyndale read and commented on an earlier version of this article. This study was supported by CA071358 (a grant from NCI), U01DA020830 (a grant from NIDA, NCI, NIGMS and NHGRI), the Material Transfer and Research Agreement between SRI International and Perlegen Sciences, and the National Cancer Institute (grant # R01CA071358). This study is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00301145). NR 51 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1470-269X J9 PHARMACOGENOMICS J JI Pharmacogenomics J. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 12 IS 4 BP 349 EP 358 DI 10.1038/tpj.2011.19 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 981CN UT WOS:000306944300009 PM 21606948 ER PT J AU Cohen, AL Taylor, T Farley, MM Schaffner, W Lesher, LJ Gershman, KA Bennett, NM Reingold, A Thomas, A Baumbach, J Harrison, LH Petit, S Beall, B Zell, E Moore, M AF Cohen, Adam L. Taylor, Thomas, Jr. Farley, Monica M. Schaffner, William Lesher, Lindsey J. Gershman, Kenneth A. Bennett, Nancy M. Reingold, Arthur Thomas, Ann Baumbach, Joan Harrison, Lee H. Petit, Susan Beall, Bernard Zell, Elizabeth Moore, Matthew TI An Assessment of the Screening Method to Evaluate Vaccine Effectiveness: The Case of 7-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in the United States SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SURVEILLANCE; OUTBREAK; ENGLAND; PROGRAM; DISEASE AB The screening method, which employs readily available data, is an inexpensive and quick means of estimating vaccine effectiveness (VE). We compared estimates of effectiveness of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) using the screening and case-control methods. Cases were children aged 19-35 months with pneumococcus isolated from normally sterile sites residing in Active Bacterial Core surveillance areas in the United States. Case-control VE was estimated for 2001-2004 by comparing the odds of vaccination among cases and community controls. Screening-method VE for 2001-2009 was estimated by comparing the proportion of cases vaccinated to National Immunization Survey-derived coverage among the general population. To evaluate the plausibility of screening-method VE findings, we estimated attack rates among vaccinated and unvaccinated persons. We identified 1,154 children with IPD. Annual population PCV7 coverage with >= 1 dose increased from 38% to 97%. Case-control VE for >= 1 dose was estimated as 75% against all-serotype IPD (annual range: 35-83%) and 91% for PCV7-type IPD (annual range: 65-100%). By the screening method, the overall VE was 86% for >= 1 dose (annual range: -240-70%) against all-serotype IPD and 94% (annual range: 62-97%) against PCV7-type IPD. As cases of PCV7-type IPD declined during 2001-2005, estimated attack rates for all-serotype IPD among vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals became less consistent than what would be expected with the estimated effectiveness of PCV7. The screening method yields estimates of VE that are highly dependent on the time period during which it is used and the choice of outcome. The method should be used cautiously to evaluate VE of PCVs. C1 [Cohen, Adam L.; Taylor, Thomas, Jr.; Beall, Bernard; Zell, Elizabeth; Moore, Matthew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Lesher, Lindsey J.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Gershman, Kenneth A.] Colorado Dept Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Bennett, Nancy M.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med, Rochester, NY USA. [Reingold, Arthur] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Dept Hlth, Portland, OR USA. [Baumbach, Joan] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Petit, Susan] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. RP Cohen, AL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM dvj1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Emerging Infections Program FX This work was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Emerging Infections Program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e41785 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0041785 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 984SU UT WOS:000307212800034 ER PT J AU Patyk, K Turmelle, A Blanton, JD Rupprecht, CE AF Patyk, Kelly Turmelle, Amy Blanton, Jesse D. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Trends in National Surveillance Data for Bat Rabies in the United States: 2001-2009 SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Bat; Rabies; Rabies surveillance; United States ID INSECTIVOROUS BATS; POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; NEW-MEXICO; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; AMERICA; ECOLOGY; ALBERTA; VIRUS; HOST AB Rabies remains an important public health concern in the United States, with most human cases associated with bat rabies virus variants. Cases of rabies virus (RV) infection in bats are widely distributed across the continental United States and elsewhere in the Americas. In this retrospective study, data on bats submitted to state laboratories for RV diagnosis between 2001 and 2009 were analyzed to investigate epidemiological trends in the United States. Season, region, and roosting habits were the primary risk factors of interest. During the study interval, more than 205,439 bats were submitted for RV diagnosis, and 6.7% of these bats were rabid. Increased odds of a submitted bat being rabid were associated with species that exhibit inconspicuous roosting habits, bats originating in the Southwest, and bats submitted for diagnosis during the fall. Periodic analysis of zoonotic disease surveillance is recommended to detect changes in trends regarding geographic distribution, seasonal fluctuations, and host associations; this is particularly necessary, as existing trends may be influenced by climate change or other emerging factors. C1 [Turmelle, Amy; Blanton, Jesse D.; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Patyk, Kelly] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Blanton, JD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM asi5@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX The authors acknowledge the work of state and local health departments to collect and report information on animal rabies diagnosis. A. T. is supported by a fellowship from the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. Use of trade names and commercial sources are for identification only and do not imply endorsement by the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of their institutions. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 23 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 12 IS 8 BP 666 EP 673 DI 10.1089/vbz.2011.0839 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 988UH UT WOS:000307515700007 PM 22607069 ER PT J AU Klein, TA Kim, HC Chong, ST O'Guinn, ML Lee, JS Turell, MJ Sames, WJ Gu, SH Kang, HJ Moon, S Lee, SY Chun, Y Song, JW AF Klein, Terry A. Kim, Heung-Chul Chong, Sung-Tae O'Guinn, Monica L. Lee, John S. Turell, Michael J. Sames, William J. Gu, Se Hun Kang, Hae Ji Moon, Sungsil Lee, Sook-Young Chun, YuJin Song, Jin-Won TI Hantaan Virus Surveillance in Small Mammals at Firing Points 10 and 60, Yeoncheon, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Apodemus agrarius; Crocidura lasiura; Epidemiology; Military; Phylogeny ID VOLES CLETHRIONOMYS-GLAREOLUS; NORTH TRAINING AREA; SIN-NOMBRE-VIRUS; HANTAVIRUS INFECTION; ECOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE; RODENT POPULATIONS; HUMANS; SWEDEN; RISK; RATS AB We used epidemiological data and indirect fluorescent antibody tests to determine the Hantaan virus (HTNV) antibody-positive (Ab +) prevalence in small mammals captured at firing point 10 (FP-10) and firing point 60 (FP-60), Gyeonggi Province, near the demilitarized zone, Republic of Korea (ROK), from 2001 to 2005. We used these data, combined with the partial M segment amplified from HTNV recovered from lung tissues of Apodemus agrarius, to clarify the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among HTNV strains in the ROK. Of the eight species of rodents and one insectivore species captured, A. agrarius accounted for 93.4% and 88.5% at FP-10 and FP-60, respectively. Only two species of rodents, A. agrarius and Micromys minutus, were HTNV Ab +. The overall HTNV Ab + prevalence for A. agrarius captured at FP-10 and FP-60 was 23.3% (121/520) and 14.5% (94/647), respectively. The hantaviral reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-positive rate of Ab + A. agrarius was 74.2% (167/215), and the phylogenetic trees, based on the 269-nucleotide G2-encoding M segment, demonstrated that HTNV strains from FP-10 and FP-60 were distantly segregated from HTNV of other geographic regions in Korea and China. These data are useful in the development of risk reduction strategies for the prevention of hantavirus infections among military personnel, especially during training or the event of hostilities, and civilian populations. C1 [Gu, Se Hun; Kang, Hae Ji; Lee, Sook-Young; Chun, YuJin; Song, Jin-Won] Korea Univ, Coll Med, Inst Viral Dis, Dept Microbiol, Seoul 136705, South Korea. [Klein, Terry A.] 65th Med Brigade USAMEDDAC Korea, Unit 15281, APO, AP 96205 USA. [Kim, Heung-Chul; Chong, Sung-Tae] 65th Med Brigade, Unit 15247, APO, AP 96205 USA. [Sames, William J.] Med Entomol Consultant, Leakey, TX USA. [Moon, Sungsil] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [O'Guinn, Monica L.; Lee, John S.; Turell, Michael J.] US Army Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Vector Assessment, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Song, JW (reprint author), Korea Univ, Coll Med, Inst Viral Dis, Dept Microbiol, 126-1,5Ka Anam Dong, Seoul 136705, South Korea. EM jwsong@korea.ac.kr RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center; Division of Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System Operations, Silver Spring; National Center for Medical Intelligence, Ft. Detrick FX We thank COL Brian Allgood (deceased) and COL Hee-Choon (Sam) Lee, 18th Medical Command, Seoul, Korea, for their support in conducting rodent-borne disease surveillance. We thank Ms. Suk Hee Yi, Force Health Protection, 65th Medical Brigade, Seoul, Korea, for conducting data analysis and GIS mapping, and MAJ Rex Bergren and LTC Min Ro, Chief, Laboratory Services, USAMEDDAC-Korea, Seoul Korea, for their support. We thank COL Ronald Smith, Commander, USAMEDDAC-Korea, LTC Mitchell Meyers, Chief, Force Health Protection and Preventive Medicine, 65th Medical Brigade, Seoul, Korea, and Dr. Joel Gaydos, Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Silver Spring, MD, for their support throughout the study.; Funding for portions of this work was provided by the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Division of Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System Operations, Silver Spring, MD, and the National Center for Medical Intelligence, Ft. Detrick, MD. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 12 IS 8 BP 674 EP 682 DI 10.1089/vbz.2011.0618 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 988UH UT WOS:000307515700008 PM 22607077 ER PT J AU Holtgrave, DR Hall, HI Wehrmeyer, L Maulsby, C AF Holtgrave, David R. Hall, H. Irene Wehrmeyer, Laura Maulsby, Cathy TI Costs, Consequences and Feasibility of Strategies for Achieving the Goals of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy in the United States: A Closing Window for Success? SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV; AIDS; Strategic planning; Policy analysis; Economic evaluation; Mathematical modeling ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; REDUCE HIV TRANSMISSION; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; PREVENTION; INFECTION; HEALTH; HAART; CARE; ADHERENCE; UNAWARE AB Three key policy questions are explored here: Is it still epidemiologically feasible to attain the incidence and transmission rate reduction goals of the U. S. National HIV/AIDS Strategy (NHAS) by 2015? If so, what costs will be incurred in necessary program expansion, and will the investment be cost-effective? Would substantial expansion of prevention services for persons living with HIV (PLWH) augment the other strategies outlined in the NHAS in terms of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness? Eight policy scenarios were constructed based on three factors (two levels each): expansion (or not) of HIV diagnostic services; assumptions regarding levels of effectiveness of HIV treatment in achieving suppressed viral load; and possible levels of expansion of prevention services for PLWH. All scenarios assumed that the NHAS goal of 85% linkage to HIV care would be fully achieved by 2015. Standard methods of economic evaluation and epidemiologic modeling were employed. Each of the eight policy scenarios was compared to a flat transmission rate comparison condition; then, key policy dyads were compared pairwise. Without expansion of diagnostic services and of prevention services for PLWH, scaling up coverage of HIV care and treatment alone in the U. S. will not achieve the incidence and transmission rate reduction goals of the NHAS. However, timely expansion of testing and prevention services for PLWH does allow for the goals to still be achieved by 2015, and does so in a highly cost-effective manner. C1 [Holtgrave, David R.; Wehrmeyer, Laura; Maulsby, Cathy] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Hall, H. Irene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Holtgrave, DR (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, 624 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM dholtgra@jhsph.edu NR 39 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1365 EP 1372 DI 10.1007/s10461-012-0207-0 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 977WI UT WOS:000306695100001 PM 22610372 ER PT J AU Vosburgh, HW Mansergh, G Sullivan, PS Purcell, DW AF Vosburgh, H. Waverly Mansergh, Gordon Sullivan, Patrick S. Purcell, David W. TI A Review of the Literature on Event-Level Substance Use and Sexual Risk Behavior Among Men Who Have Sex with Men SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Review DE MSM; Substance; Sexual risk; HIV ID UNPROTECTED ANAL INTERCOURSE; ALCOHOL-RELATED PROBLEMS; RECENT HIV-INFECTION; NEW-YORK-CITY; DRUG-USE; GAY MEN; BISEXUAL MEN; METHAMPHETAMINE USE; SITUATIONAL FACTORS; HOMOSEXUAL-MEN AB In the United States, there continues to be high incidence of HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM), who represent 57% of new infections in 2009. While many studies report associations between non-injection substance use and sexual risk behavior among MSM, overall results are mixed. Summarizing these studies is difficult because researchers have used a variety of assessment periods for substance use and sexual behavior. We review the scientific literature on event-level measures, which assess substance use and sexual risk behavior immediately before or during a sexual encounter and provide the most precise link between these two behaviors. From January 2009 through March 2010, we searched four databases: Ovid (MEDLINE and PsycINFO), Web of Knowledge, and Sociofile. Across studies, results varied by substance with little within substance consistency or a lack of research except for two notable exceptions: methamphetamine and binge alcohol use. The findings underscore the importance of providing HIV risk-reduction interventions for substance-using MSM. C1 [Vosburgh, H. Waverly; Mansergh, Gordon; Purcell, David W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vosburgh, H. Waverly; Sullivan, Patrick S.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Vosburgh, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Mailstop E37,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM HWVosburgh@cdc.gov OI Purcell, David/0000-0001-8125-5168; Sullivan, Patrick/0000-0002-7728-0587 NR 67 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 6 U2 16 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1394 EP 1410 DI 10.1007/s10461-011-0131-8 PG 17 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 977WI UT WOS:000306695100004 PM 22323004 ER PT J AU Bouris, A Guilamo-Ramos, V Jaccard, J Ballan, M Lesesne, CA Gonzalez, B AF Bouris, Alida Guilamo-Ramos, Vincent Jaccard, James Ballan, Michelle Lesesne, Catherine A. Gonzalez, Bernardo TI Early Adolescent Romantic Relationships and Maternal Approval among Inner City Latino Families SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Romantic relationships; Early adolescence; Latinos; Maternal approval ID SEXUAL INITIATION; UNITED-STATES; RISK; COMMUNICATION; COMPETENCE; GENDER; STRATEGIES; ASSOCIATIONS; PERCEPTIONS; INVOLVEMENT AB Latino youth are at high risk for acquiring HIV during adolescence. The present study documented the nature of adolescent romantic relationships among 702 Latino eighth grade students and their mothers in the Bronx, NY. The study examined adolescent romantic relationships, the association between participation in such relationships and intentions to engage in sexual risk behavior, and maternal influences on adolescent's involvement in intimate behaviors in romantic relationships. Almost 50% of youth had been in a romantic relationship, which typically lasted 3-3.5 months. Mothers tended to approve of intimate behaviors and sexual activity in romantic relationships more so for males than females. Latino youth tended to underestimate maternal disapproval of a range of intimate behaviors, and the correlations between perceived and actual maternal approval were generally low in magnitude. Finally, maternal orientations towards their adolescent engaging in romantic relationships were associated with their child's intentions to have sexual intercourse in the future. C1 [Bouris, Alida] Univ Chicago, Sch Social Serv Adm, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Guilamo-Ramos, Vincent; Jaccard, James; Gonzalez, Bernardo] NYU, CLAFH, New York, NY USA. [Guilamo-Ramos, Vincent; Jaccard, James] NYU, Silver Sch Social Work, New York, NY USA. [Ballan, Michelle] Columbia Univ, Sch Social Work, New York, NY USA. [Lesesne, Catherine A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bouris, A (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Sch Social Serv Adm, 969 E 60th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM abouris@uchicago.edu FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [1 U01 DP000175]; NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD066159] NR 66 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1570 EP 1583 DI 10.1007/s10461-011-0034-8 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 977WI UT WOS:000306695100022 PM 21901487 ER PT J AU Carbery, B Zhu, J Gust, DA Chen, RT Kretsinger, K Kilmarx, PH AF Carbery, Baevin Zhu, Julia Gust, Deborah A. Chen, Robert T. Kretsinger, Katrina Kilmarx, Peter H. TI NEED FOR PHYSICIAN EDUCATION ON THE BENEFITS AND RISKS OF MALE CIRCUMCISION IN THE UNITED STATES SO AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID HIV-1 TARGET-CELLS; INFECTION; PREVENTION; HEALTH; CARE; MEN; KNOWLEDGE; OUTCOMES; TRIAL; COST AB Physicians may be called upon to counsel male patients or parents of newborn males regarding their decision to circumcise their newborn sons. The purpose of the present study was to describe physicians who do not understand the benefits and risks associated with male circumcision well enough to counsel parents of newborn male infants and adult men. A self-administered, cross-sectional electronic survey of physicians was conducted in 2008. We analyzed responses from 1,500 physicians (510 family practitioners, 490 internists, 250 pediatricians, and 250 obstetricians/gynecologists). Nearly 22% (n = 327/1500) reported they did not understand the risks and benefits of newborn male circumcision well enough to counsel parents and 40.3% (n = 504/1250) reported not understanding the risks and benefits well enough to counsel adult men. A substantial minority of physicians may need additional training and/or information about current male circumcision research to feel comfortable counseling parents of newborn male infants or adult men. C1 [Zhu, Julia; Gust, Deborah A.; Chen, Robert T.; Kretsinger, Katrina; Kilmarx, Peter H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Carbery, Baevin] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Gust, DA (reprint author), CDC, HIV Vaccine & Special Studies Team, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dgust@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0899-9546 J9 AIDS EDUC PREV JI Aids Educ. Prev. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 24 IS 4 BP 377 EP 387 PG 11 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 983SK UT WOS:000307138800007 PM 22827906 ER PT J AU Caspersen, CJ Thomas, GD Boseman, LA Beckles, GLA Albright, AL AF Caspersen, Carl J. Thomas, G. Darlene Boseman, Letia A. Beckles, Gloria L. A. Albright, Ann L. TI Aging, Diabetes, and the Public Health System in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; EXAMINATION SURVEY NHANES; OLDER MEXICAN-AMERICANS; NURSING-HOME RESIDENTS; CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; NATIONAL-HEALTH; PREVENTION-PROGRAM; BODY-COMPOSITION AB Diabetes (diagnosed or undiagnosed) affects 10.9 million US adults aged 65 years and older. Almost 8 in 10 have some form of dysglycemia, according to tests for fasting glucose or hemoglobin A1c. Among this age group, diagnosed diabetes is projected to reach 26.7 million by 2050, or 55% of all diabetes cases. In 2007, older adults accounted for $64.8 billion (56%) of direct diabetes medical costs, $41.1 billion for institutional care alone. Complications, comorbid conditions, and geriatric syndromes affect diabetes care, and medical guidelines for treating older adults with diabetes are limited. Broad public health programs help, but effective, targeted interventions and expanded surveillance and research and better policies are needed to address the rapidly growing diabetes burden among older adults. (Am J Public Health. 2012;102:1482-1497. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300616) C1 [Caspersen, Carl J.; Beckles, Gloria L. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Epidemiol & Stat Branch, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thomas, G. Darlene; Boseman, Letia A.; Beckles, Gloria L. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Caspersen, CJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Stat Branch, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Mailstop K-10,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cjc1@cdc.gov RI Caspersen, Carl/B-2494-2009 NR 195 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD AUG PY 2012 VL 102 IS 8 BP 1482 EP 1497 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300616 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 981AO UT WOS:000306937900010 PM 22698044 ER PT J AU Greenlund, KJ Keenan, NL Clayton, PF Pandey, DK Hong, YL AF Greenlund, Kurt J. Keenan, Nora L. Clayton, Paula F. Pandey, Dilip K. Hong, Yuling TI Public Health Options for Improving Cardiovascular Health Among Older Americans SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; RISK-FACTOR PROFILE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; UNITED-STATES; MIDDLE-AGE; PRIMARY PREVENTION; COGNITIVE DECLINE; MEDICARE COSTS; PREVALENCE; POPULATION AB Life expectancy at birth has increased from 74 years in 1980 to 78 years in 2006. Older adults (aged 65 years and older) are living longer with cardiovascular conditions, which are leading causes of death and disability and thus an important public health concern. We describe several major issues, including the impact of comorbidities, the role of cognitive health, prevention and intervention approaches, and opportunities for collaboration to strengthen the public health system. Prevention can be effective at any age, including for older adults. Public health models focusing on policy, systems, and environmental change approaches have the goal of providing social and physical environments and promoting healthy choices. (Am J Public Health. 2012;102: 1498-1507. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300570) C1 [Greenlund, Kurt J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Keenan, Nora L.; Hong, Yuling] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Clayton, Paula F.] Kansas Dept Hlth & Environm, Bur Hlth Promot, Topeka, KS USA. [Pandey, Dilip K.] Univ Illinois, Dept Neurol & Rehabil, Chicago, IL USA. RP Greenlund, KJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-45, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM keg9@cdc.gov NR 79 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD AUG PY 2012 VL 102 IS 8 BP 1498 EP 1507 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300570 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 981AO UT WOS:000306937900011 PM 22698028 ER PT J AU Brooks, JT Buchacz, K Gebo, KA Mermin, J AF Brooks, John T. Buchacz, Kate Gebo, Kelly A. Mermin, Jonathan TI HIV Infection and Older Americans: The Public Health Perspective SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; WOMENS INTERAGENCY HIV; VETERANS AGING COHORT; GENERAL-POPULATION; UNITED-STATES; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; SMOKING-CESSATION AB HIV disease is often perceived as a condition affecting young adults. However, approximately 11% of new infections occur in adults aged 50 years or older. Among persons living with HIV disease, it is estimated that more than half will be aged 50 years or older in the near future. In this review, we highlight issues related to HIV prevention and treatment for HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected older Americans, and outline unique considerations and emerging challenges for public health and patient management in these 2 populations. (Am J Public Health. 2012;102: 1516-1526. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.300844) C1 [Brooks, John T.; Buchacz, Kate; Mermin, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gebo, Kelly A.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Brooks, JT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zud4@cdc.gov RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012 NR 113 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD AUG PY 2012 VL 102 IS 8 BP 1516 EP 1526 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2012.300844 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 981AO UT WOS:000306937900013 PM 22698038 ER PT J AU Linley, L Prejean, J An, Q Chen, M Hall, HI AF Linley, Laurie Prejean, Joseph An, Qian Chen, Mi Hall, H. Irene TI Racial/Ethnic Disparities in HIV Diagnoses Among Persons Aged 50 Years and Older in 37 US States, 2005-2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; RISK BEHAVIORS; HIV/AIDS; ADULTS; PREVALENCE; INFECTION; REDISTRIBUTION; SEXUALITY; AMERICANS; AIDS AB Objectives. We examined racial/ethnic disparities in HIV diagnosis rates for persons aged 50 years and older. Methods. We analyzed surveillance data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention regarding HIV diagnoses during 2005 through 2008 in 37 states. Average annual rates of diagnoses were calculated for persons aged 50 years and older and compared with rates for persons aged 13 to 49 years. Results. The average annual rate of diagnosis (per 100 000 persons) for older persons was 9.8. Rates among older Blacks (49.2) and Hispanics/Latinos (19.5) were 12.6 and 5.0 times, respectively, the rate among older Whites (3.9); rates among younger Blacks (102.5) and Hispanics/Latinos (39.0) were 7.7 and 2.9 times, respectively, the rate among younger Whites (13.3). Older persons were more likely than younger persons to receive a late HIV diagnosis (prevalence ratio = 1.5, P < .001). Conclusions. Racial/ethnic disparities in HIV diagnosis rates are greater among persons aged 50 years and older than among younger persons. The greater HIV diagnosis rates in Blacks and later diagnosis among older persons of all races/ethnicities indicate a need to increase their awareness of risk factors for HIV infection. (Am J Public Health. 2012;102:1527-1534. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300431) C1 [Linley, Laurie; Prejean, Joseph; An, Qian; Chen, Mi; Hall, H. Irene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Linley, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Mail Stop E-47,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM llinley@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD AUG PY 2012 VL 102 IS 8 BP 1527 EP 1534 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300431 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 981AO UT WOS:000306937900014 PM 22698035 ER PT J AU Cain, KP Garman, KN Laserson, KF Ferrousier-Davis, OP Miranda, AG Wells, CD Haley, CA AF Cain, Kevin P. Garman, Katie N. Laserson, Kayla F. Ferrousier-Davis, Odile P. Miranda, Abraham G. Wells, Charles D. Haley, Connie A. TI Moving toward Tuberculosis Elimination Implementation of Statewide Targeted Tuberculin Testing in Tennessee SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE latent tuberculosis; mass screening; emigrants and immigrants ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; FOREIGN-BORN PERSONS; ISONIAZID PREVENTIVE THERAPY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; GAMMA RELEASE ASSAYS; LATENT TB INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; TREATMENT COMPLETION; FOLLOW-UP; ADVERSE EVENTS AB Rationale: From 1993 to 2010, annual U.S. tuberculosis (TB) rates declined by 58%. However, this decline has slowed and disproportionately occurred among U.S.-born (78%) versus foreign-born persons (47%). Addressing the high burden of latent TB infection (LTBI) must be prioritized. Objectives: Only Tennessee has implemented a statewide program for finding and treating people with LTBI. The program was designed to address high statewide TB rates and growing burden among the foreign-born. We sought to assess the feasibility and yield of Tennessee's program. Methods: Analyzing data from the 4.8-year period from program inception in March 2002 through December 2006, we quantified patients screened using a TB risk assessment tool, tuberculin skin tests (TST) placed and read, TST results, and patients initiating and completing LTBI treatment. We then estimated the number needed to screen to find and treat one person with LTBI and to prevent one case of TB. Measurements and Main Results: Of 168,517 persons screened, 102,709 had a TST placed and read. Among 9,090 (9%) with a positive TST result, 53% initiated treatment, 54% of whom completed treatment. An estimated 195 TB cases were prevented over the 4.8 years analyzed, and program performance measures improved annually. The number of TSTs placed to prevent one TB case ranged from 150 for foreign-born persons to 9,834 for persons without TB risk. Conclusions: Targeted tuberculin testing and LTBI treatment is feasible and likely to reduce TB rates over time. Yield and cost-effectiveness are maximized by prioritizing foreign-born persons, a large population with high TB risk. C1 [Haley, Connie A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Vanderbilt Inst Global Hlth, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. [Cain, Kevin P.; Laserson, Kayla F.; Ferrousier-Davis, Odile P.; Miranda, Abraham G.; Wells, Charles D.; Haley, Connie A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cain, Kevin P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Garman, Katie N.; Haley, Connie A.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Communicable & Environm Dis Sect, Nashville, TN USA. [Ferrousier-Davis, Odile P.] Int Union TB & Lung Dis Union, Paris, France. [Miranda, Abraham G.] US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Off Global Affairs Off Secretary, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Wells, Charles D.] Otsuka Pharmaceut Dev & Commercializat, Rockville, MD USA. RP Haley, CA (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Vanderbilt Inst Global Hlth, 2525 W End Ave,Suite 750, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. EM connie.a.haley@vanderbilt.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Division of Tuberculosis Elimination FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Division of Tuberculosis Elimination. NR 68 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 186 IS 3 BP 273 EP 279 DI 10.1164/rccm.201111-2076OC PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 982JL UT WOS:000307039200013 PM 22561962 ER PT J AU Roberge, R Benson, S Kim, JH AF Roberge, Raymond Benson, Stacey Kim, Jung-Hyun TI Thermal Burden of N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirators SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE exhalation valves; humidity; N95 filtering facepiece respirators; temperature; thermal burden ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; CORE TEMPERATURE; HEART-RATE; FACE MASK; PROTECTION; RESPONSES; COMFORT; STRESS; HUMANS; SKIN AB Increased thermal perceptions that affect comfort are a leading reason for intolerance to wearing respiratory protective equipment. Despite their popularity and use for decades, relatively little is known about the thermal burden imposed by the use of N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFR) at normal work rates. Twenty healthy subjects exercised at a low-moderate work rate for 1 and 2 h while wearing four models of N95 FFR (two with an exhalation valve) as core and skin temperatures were monitored wirelessly. N95 FFR use resulted in non-significant minimal increases in core temperature and uncovered facial skin (cheek) temperatures. Facial skin temperature under the FFR was significantly increased over baseline values (P < 0.001). Wearing N95 FFR for up to 2 h at a low-moderate work rate does not impose a significant thermal burden on core temperature and uncovered facial skin temperature but significantly increases the temperature of the facial skin that is covered by the FFR. Perceptions of increased body heat when wearing N95 FFR under the test conditions are likely not due to effects on core temperature but may relate more to warming of the facial skin covered by the respirator and warming of the inspired air. C1 [Roberge, Raymond; Benson, Stacey; Kim, Jung-Hyun] NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Roberge, R (reprint author), NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM dtn0@CDC.GOV FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health internal operating funds. NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 56 IS 7 BP 808 EP 814 DI 10.1093/annhyg/mes001 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 988PP UT WOS:000307503300006 PM 22294505 ER PT J AU Lessa, FC Gould, CV McDonald, LC AF Lessa, Fernanda C. Gould, Carolyn V. McDonald, L. Clifford TI Current Status of Clostridium difficile Infection Epidemiology SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NORTH-AMERICA; SURVEILLANCE; HOSPITALS; ACQUISITION; DIARRHEA; COLITIS; STRAINS; DISEASE; EUROPE; TRENDS AB The dramatic changes in the epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) during recent years, with increases in incidence and severity of disease in several countries, have made CDI a global public health challenge. Increases in CDI incidence have been largely attributed to the emergence of a previously rare and more virulent strain, BI/NAP1/027. Increased toxin production and high-level resistance to fluoroquinolones have made this strain a very successful pathogen in healthcare settings. In addition, populations previously thought to be at low risk are now being identified as having severe CDI. Recent genetic analysis suggests that C. difficile has a highly fluid genome with multiple mechanisms to modify its content and functionality, which can make C. difficile adaptable to environmental changes and potentially lead to the emergence of more virulent strains. In the face of these changes in the epidemiology and microbiology of CDI, surveillance systems are necessary to monitor trends and inform public health actions. C1 [Lessa, Fernanda C.; Gould, Carolyn V.; McDonald, L. Clifford] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lessa, FC (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM flessa@cdc.gov FU Optimer Pharmaceuticals, Inc. FX This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Fidaxomicin and the Evolving Approach to the Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection," sponsored by Optimer Pharmaceuticals, Inc. NR 44 TC 142 Z9 146 U1 4 U2 29 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 55 SU 2 BP S65 EP S70 DI 10.1093/cid/cis319 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 980FM UT WOS:000306879000001 PM 22752867 ER PT J AU Kostka, JE Green, SJ Rishishwar, L Prakash, O Katz, LS Marino-Ramirez, L Jordan, IK Munk, C Ivanova, N Mikhailova, N Watson, DB Brown, SD Palumbo, AV Brooks, SC AF Kostka, Joel E. Green, Stefan J. Rishishwar, Lavanya Prakash, Om Katz, Lee S. Marino-Ramirez, Leonardo King Jordan, I. Munk, Christine Ivanova, Natalia Mikhailova, Natalia Watson, David B. Brown, Steven D. Palumbo, Anthony V. Brooks, Scott C. TI Genome Sequences for Six Rhodanobacter Strains, Isolated from Soils and the Terrestrial Subsurface, with Variable Denitrification Capabilities SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SP NOV.; GAMMAPROTEOBACTERIUM; GINSENG AB We report the first genome sequences for six strains of Rhodanobacter species isolated from a variety of soil and subsurface environments. Three of these strains are capable of complete denitrification and three others are not. However, all six strains contain most of the genes required for the respiration of nitrate to gaseous nitrogen. The nondenitrifying members of the genus lack only the gene for nitrate reduction, the first step in the full denitrification pathway. The data suggest that the environmental role of bacteria from the genus Rhodanobacter should be reevaluated. C1 [Kostka, Joel E.; Rishishwar, Lavanya; King Jordan, I.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Green, Stefan J.] Univ Illinois, Res Resource Ctr, DNA Serv Facil, Chicago, IL USA. [Prakash, Om] Natl Ctr Cell Sci, Pune, Maharashtra, India. [Marino-Ramirez, Leonardo] NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Katz, Lee S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kostka, Joel E.; Marino-Ramirez, Leonardo; King Jordan, I.] PanAmer Bioinformat Inst, Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia. [Munk, Christine; Ivanova, Natalia; Mikhailova, Natalia] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Watson, David B.; Brooks, Scott C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Brown, Steven D.; Palumbo, Anthony V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Kostka, JE (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM joel.kostka@biology.gatech.edu RI Palumbo, Anthony/A-4764-2011; Marino-Ramirez, Leonardo/I-5759-2013; Brooks, Scott/B-9439-2012; Brown, Steven/A-6792-2011; OI Palumbo, Anthony/0000-0002-1102-3975; Marino-Ramirez, Leonardo/0000-0002-5716-8512; Brooks, Scott/0000-0002-8437-9788; Brown, Steven/0000-0002-9281-3898; Green, Stefan/0000-0003-2781-359X FU Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER64373, -97ER62469, -97ER64398]; Oak Ridge Integrated Field-Research Challenge; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NLM, NCBI; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This research was supported by the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy, grant numbers DE-FG02-07ER64373, -97ER62469, and -97ER64398 and by the Oak Ridge Integrated Field-Research Challenge, operated by the Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL).; ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy contract no. DE-AC05-00OR22725.; This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NLM, NCBI.; The complete genome of Rhodanobacter denitrificans strain 2APBS1 was sequenced by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 194 IS 16 BP 4461 EP 4462 DI 10.1128/JB.00871-12 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 984NQ UT WOS:000307198100048 PM 22843592 ER PT J AU Prather, C Marshall, K Courtenay-Quirk, C Williams, K Eke, A O'Leary, A Stratford, D AF Prather, Cynthia Marshall, Khiya Courtenay-Quirk, Cari Williams, Kim Eke, Agatha O'Leary, Ann Stratford, Dale TI Addressing Poverty and HIV Using Microenterprise: Findings from Qualitative Research to Reduce Risk among Unemployed or Underemployed African American Women SO JOURNAL OF HEALTH CARE FOR THE POOR AND UNDERSERVED LA English DT Article DE HIV; poverty; small business; African American women; prevention ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PREVENTION INTERVENTION; CREDIT PROGRAMS; MICROFINANCE; BANGLADESH; BEHAVIORS; HIV/AIDS; VIOLENCE; PROJECT; HEALTH AB Introduction. Microenterprise programs are widely used to improve health outcomes among women internationally. However, there is little information on applicability to American women living in poverty. We conducted formative research to identify activities that are viable and attractive, that may produce income to address some proportion of economic need and could be incorporated in the development of a micro-enterprise HIV-prevention intervention to reduce HIV/STD transmission among unemployed or underemployed African American women at risk for HIV. Methods. Focus groups were convened with young African American women and community leaders in two southern states. Interviews with women participating in the focus groups were also convened. Results. Findings suggest an intervention should incorporate activities to increase self-esteem, enhance employability and job sustainability to decrease financial dependence. This research serves as the foundation for developing a novel approach to HIV prevention in the U.S. that may directly address poverty as a social determinant of health. C1 [Prather, Cynthia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Prevent Res Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Prather, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Prevent Res Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM CDP2@cdc.gov FU PHS HHS [00HCK21D-2005-23470, 200-2003-01506] NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 19 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4363 USA SN 1049-2089 J9 J HEALTH CARE POOR U JI J. Health Care Poor Underserved PD AUG PY 2012 VL 23 IS 3 BP 1266 EP 1279 PG 14 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 987OB UT WOS:000307425800031 PM 24212173 ER PT J AU Edwards, G Bogdanow, L Rolfs, RT Wrathall, J Collier, SA Hlavsa, MC Beach, MJ Prue, CE Hough, CO Shevach, AL Calanan, RM AF Edwards, Gary Bogdanow, Linda Rolfs, Robert T. Wrathall, Jennifer Collier, Sarah A. Hlavsa, Michele C. Beach, Michael J. Prue, Christine E. Hough, Catherine O. Shevach, Alexandra L. Calanan, Renee M. TI Promotion of Healthy Swimming After a Statewide Outbreak of Cryptosporidiosis Associated With Recreational Water Venues - Utah, 2008-2009 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Rolfs, Robert T.; Wrathall, Jennifer] Utah Dept Hlth, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Calanan, Renee M.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mhlavsa@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 12 IS 8 BP 2247 EP 2251 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04218.x PG 5 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 980OT UT WOS:000306903400037 ER PT J AU Ward, JW Byrd, KK AF Ward, John W. Byrd, Kathy K. TI Hepatitis B in the United States: A major health disparity affecting many foreign-born populations SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID SAN-FRANCISCO; VIRUS; INFECTION C1 [Ward, John W.; Byrd, Kathy K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ward, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jww4@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-9139 EI 1527-3350 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD AUG PY 2012 VL 56 IS 2 BP 419 EP 421 DI 10.1002/hep.25799 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 979GF UT WOS:000306804500004 PM 22532028 ER PT J AU Kowdley, KV Wang, CC Welch, S Roberts, H Brosgart, CL AF Kowdley, Kris V. Wang, Chia C. Welch, Sue Roberts, Henry Brosgart, Carol L. TI Prevalence of chronic hepatitis B among foreign-born persons living in the United States by country of origin SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-INFECTION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; METAANALYSIS; VACCINATION; MANAGEMENT; AMERICA AB Estimates of the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in the United States differ significantly, and the contribution of foreign-born (FB) persons has not been adequately described. The aim of this study was to estimate the number of FB persons in the United States living with CHB by their country of origin. We performed a systematic review for reports of HBsAg seroprevalence rates in 102 countries (covering PubMed from 1980 to July 2010). Data from 1,373 articles meeting inclusion criteria were extracted into country-specific databases. We identified 256 seroprevalence surveys in emigrants from 52 countries (including 689,078 persons) and 1,797 surveys in the general populations of 98 countries (including 17,861,035 persons). Surveys including individuals with lower or higher risk of CHB than the general population were excluded. Data were combined using meta-analytic methods to determine country-specific pooled CHB prevalence rates. Rates were multiplied by the number of FB living in the United States in 2009 by country of birth from the U.S. Census Bureau to yield the number of FB with CHB from each country. We estimate a total of 1.32 million (95% confidence interval: 1.04-1.61) FB in the United States living with CHB in 2009; 58% migrated from Asia and 11% migrated from Africa, where hepatitis B is highly endemic. Approximately 7% migrated from Central America, a region with lower CHB rates, but many more emigrants to the United States. This analysis suggests that the number of FB persons living with CHB in the United States may be significantly greater than previously reported. Assuming 300,000-600,000 U.S.-born persons with CHB, the total prevalence of CHB in the United States may be as high as 2.2 million. (Hepatology 2012) C1 [Welch, Sue] Plan A Inc, Mountain View, CA 94041 USA. [Kowdley, Kris V.; Wang, Chia C.] Virginia Mason Med Ctr, Ctr Liver Dis, Inst Digest Dis, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Roberts, Henry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Brosgart, Carol L.] UCSF Sch Med, Berkeley, CA USA. [Brosgart, Carol L.] UC Berkeley Joint Med Program, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Welch, S (reprint author), Plan A Inc, 759 Villa St, Mountain View, CA 94041 USA. EM swelch@plan-a.com FU Gilead Sciences, Inc. (Foster City, CA); Bristol-Myers Squibb; Intercept; Abbott; Pharmasset; Merck; Mochida; Conatus FX This work was funded by Gilead Sciences, Inc. (Foster City, CA).; Dr. Welch owns stock in Gilead. Dr. Kowdley consults for Novartis. He advises Vertex and Gilead. He advises and received grants from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Intercept, Abbott, Pharmasset, and Merck. He also received grants from Mochida and Conatus. Dr. Brosgart owns stock in Gilead. She owns stock in and is an employee of Alios. NR 25 TC 105 Z9 105 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD AUG PY 2012 VL 56 IS 2 BP 422 EP 433 DI 10.1002/hep.24804 PG 12 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 979GF UT WOS:000306804500005 PM 22105832 ER PT J AU Sharapov, UM Bulkow, LR Negus, SE Spradling, PR Homan, C Drobeniuc, J Bruce, M Kamili, S Hu, DJ McMahon, BJ AF Sharapov, Umid M. Bulkow, Lisa R. Negus, Susan E. Spradling, Philip R. Homan, Chriss Drobeniuc, Jan Bruce, Michael Kamili, Saleem Hu, Dale J. McMahon, Brian J. TI Persistence of hepatitis A vaccine induced seropositivity in infants and young children by maternal antibody status: 10-year follow-up SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-INFECTIONS; ALASKA NATIVES; UNITED-STATES; B-VACCINE; IMMUNOGENICITY; IMMUNIZATION; EXPERIENCE; LIFE AB Persistence of seropositivity conferred by hepatitis A vaccine administered to children <2 years of age is unknown and passively transferred maternal antibodies to hepatitis A virus (maternal anti-HAV) may lower the infant's immune response to the vaccine. One hundred ninety-seven infants and young children were randomized into three groups to receive a two-dose hepatitis A vaccine: group 1 at 6 and 12 months, group 2 at 12 and 18 months, and group 3 at 15 and 21 months of age. Within each group, infants were randomized by maternal anti-HAV status. Anti-HAV levels were measured at 1 and 6 months and at 3, 5, 7, and 10 years after the second dose of hepatitis A vaccination. Children in all groups had evidence of seroprotection (>10 mIU/mL) at 1 month after the second dose. At 10 years, all children retained seroprotective anti-HAV levels except for only 7% and 11% of children in group 1 born to anti-HAVnegative and anti-HAVpositive mothers, respectively, and 4% of group 3 children born to anti-HAVnegative mothers. At 10 years, children born to anti-HAVnegative mothers in group 3 had the highest geometric mean concentration (GMC) (97 mIU/mL; 95% confidence interval, 71-133 mIU/mL) and children born to anti-HAVpositive mothers in group 1 had the lowest GMC (29 mIU/mL; 95% confidence interval, 20-40 mIU/mL). Anti-HAV levels through 10 years of age correlated with initial peak anti-HAV levels (tested at 1 month after the second dose). Conclusion: The seropositivity induced by hepatitis A vaccine given to children <2 years of age persists for at least 10 years regardless of presence of maternal anti-HAV. (HEPATOLOGY 2012) C1 [Sharapov, Umid M.; Spradling, Philip R.; Drobeniuc, Jan; Kamili, Saleem; Hu, Dale J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bulkow, Lisa R.; Bruce, Michael; McMahon, Brian J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK USA. [Negus, Susan E.; Homan, Chriss; McMahon, Brian J.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Sharapov, UM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD AUG PY 2012 VL 56 IS 2 BP 516 EP 522 DI 10.1002/hep.25687 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 979GF UT WOS:000306804500015 PM 22371069 ER PT J AU Simoes, EJ Mariotti, S Rossi, A Heim, A Lobello, F Mokdad, AH Scafato, E AF Simoes, Eduardo J. Mariotti, Sergio Rossi, Alessandra Heim, Alicia Lobello, Felipe Mokdad, Ali H. Scafato, Emanuele TI The Italian health surveillance (SiVeAS) prioritization approach to reduce chronic disease risk factors SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Risk factor; Priority; Policy; Planning tool ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; ATTRIBUTABLE FRACTIONS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; IMPROVING UPTAKE; GLOBAL BURDEN; UNITED-STATES; BREAST-CANCER; CHAD PROGRAM; FOLLOW-UP AB Because public health funds are limited, programs need to be prioritized. We used data on 15 risk factors from Italy's public health surveillance to inform prioritization of programs. We ranked risk factors using a score based on the product of six criteria: deaths attributable to risk factors; prevalence of risk factors; risk factor prevalence trend; disparity based on the ratio of risk factor prevalence between low and high education attainment; level of intervention effectiveness; and cost of the intervention. We identified seven priorities: physical inactivity; cigarette smoking (current smoking); ever told had hypertension; not having blood pressure screening; ever told had high cholesterol; alcohol (heavy drinking); not eating five fruits and vegetables a day; and not having a fecal occult blood test. This prioritization method should be used as a tool for planning and decision making. C1 [Simoes, Eduardo J.] Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Management & Informat, Columbia, MO 65212 USA. [Mariotti, Sergio; Rossi, Alessandra; Scafato, Emanuele] Ist Super Sanita, Ctr Nazl Epidemiol Sorveglianza & Promoz Salute, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Heim, Alicia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Res Ctr Program, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lobello, Felipe] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mokdad, Ali H.] Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Surveillance Unit, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Simoes, EJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Management & Informat, CE707 CS&E Bldg,DC006-00,1 Hosp Dr, Columbia, MO 65212 USA. EM simoese@health.missouri.edu RI lobelo, felipe/B-9148-2013; OI Simoes, Eduardo/0000-0003-4371-4305 FU National Italian Ministry of Health (Ministero della Salute) [Reg. n. 5 -Fgl. N. 36, SiVeAS 8M41B, SiVeAS8M41C] FX This study was funded through the Framework Programme SiVeAS (FP 2008-2010) of the National Italian Ministry of Health (Ministero della Salute), under the grant agreement n Reg. n. 5 -Fgl. N. 36 Court of Auditors (Corte dei Conti)-SiVeAS 8M41B and SiVeAS8M41C. The authors are grateful for the valuable input of Kurt Greenlund and David Williamson, and for the administrative support of Sonia Martire. NR 78 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-8556 EI 1661-8564 J9 INT J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Int. J. Public Health PD AUG PY 2012 VL 57 IS 4 BP 719 EP 733 DI 10.1007/s00038-012-0341-5 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 975XQ UT WOS:000306545500008 PM 22331313 ER PT J AU Wang, YH Banyai, K Tu, XM Jiang, BM AF Wang, Yuhuan Banyai, Krisztian Tu, Xinming Jiang, Baoming TI Simian Genogroup I Picobirnaviruses: Prevalence, Genetic Diversity, and Zoonotic Potential SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; VIRUS; FECES; IDENTIFICATION; GENOME; DIARRHEA; CLONING; PIGS AB We previously reported the first detection of simian picobirnaviruses (PBVs) by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in fecal specimens of two monkeys with diarrhea in China. We now report the detection of genogroup I PBVs in 48% (44/92) of the fecal specimens by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) and amplicon sequencing using primers specific for the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDRP) gene. Molecular characterization of these 44 strains demonstrated both sequence conservation and diversity among simian PBVs and among simian, porcine, and human PBVs. We further determined full-length sequences of segment 2 of the two simian PBV strains, monkey/CHN-14/2002 and monkey/CHN-49/2002, and demonstrated 52.5% to 54.2% nucleotide sequence similarity to the corresponding gene of the bovine strain RUBV and the prototype human strain 1-CHN-97 of genogroup I PBVs and an even lower similarity (38.4%) to segment 2 of the prototype human genogroup II strain 4-GA-91. Further studies are needed to investigate the epidemiology and pathogenesis of PBVs in animals and humans. C1 [Wang, Yuhuan; Jiang, Baoming] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Banyai, Krisztian] Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary. [Tu, Xinming] Chinese Acad Med Sci, Inst Lab Anim Sci, Beijing 100730, Peoples R China. [Tu, Xinming] Peking Union Med Coll, Beijing 100021, Peoples R China. RP Jiang, BM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM bxj4@cdc.gov OI Banyai, Krisztian/0000-0002-6270-1772 FU Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Momentum Initiative) FX K.B. is supported by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Momentum Initiative). NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 50 IS 8 BP 2779 EP 2782 DI 10.1128/JCM.00634-12 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 986WY UT WOS:000307378400038 PM 22622441 ER PT J AU Brett, M Doppalapudi, A Respicio-Kingry, LB Myers, D Husband, B Pollard, K Mead, P Petersen, JM Whitener, CJ AF Brett, Meghan Doppalapudi, Avanthi Respicio-Kingry, Laurel B. Myers, Debra Husband, Brigitte Pollard, Kerry Mead, Paul Petersen, Jeannine M. Whitener, Cynthia J. TI Francisella novicida Bacteremia after a Near-Drowning Accident SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TULARENSIS; PCR AB We describe a rare case of Francisella novicida bacteremia following a near-drowning event in seawater. We highlight the challenges associated with laboratory identification of F. novicida and differences in the epidemiology of F. novicida and Francisella tularensis infections. C1 [Brett, Meghan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Brett, Meghan; Respicio-Kingry, Laurel B.; Mead, Paul; Petersen, Jeannine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Bacterial Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Doppalapudi, Avanthi; Whitener, Cynthia J.] Penn State Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis & Epidemiol, Hershey, PA USA. [Husband, Brigitte; Pollard, Kerry] Bur Labs, Pennsylvania Dept Hlth, Exton, PA USA. RP Brett, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. EM mbrett@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 50 IS 8 BP 2826 EP 2829 DI 10.1128/JCM.00995-12 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 986WY UT WOS:000307378400053 PM 22692740 ER PT J AU Cavanaugh, J Genga, K Marigu, I Laserson, K Ackers, M Cain, K AF Cavanaugh, Joseph Genga, Kennedy Marigu, Irene Laserson, Kayla Ackers, Marta Cain, Kevin TI Tuberculosis among Children in Kenya: Epidemiology and Impact of HIV in Two Provinces SO JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; HIV; pediatrics; epidemiology ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; DISEASE PROGRESSION; HIV-1-INFECTED CHILDREN; CLINICAL PRESENTATION; INFECTED CHILDREN; ADJUNCTIVE COTRIMOXAZOLE; COTE-DIVOIRE; MORTALITY; MALAWI; ERA AB We collected clinical register data on children in two provinces of Kenya and conducted bivariate and multivariate analyses to assess characteristics associated with death. Among 987 children with tuberculosis (TB), pulmonary disease was diagnosed in 689 (70%) children. Final outcomes were known for 830 children, 40 (5%) of whom died during TB treatment. HIV test results were available for 670 (68%) children; 371 (55%) of whom tested positive. Only 63 of 134 (47%) of children < 1 year were tested for HIV. There were no data on CD4 or anti-retroviral use. The relative risk for death for HIV-infected children compared to HIV-uninfected children was 9.3 for children < 1 year [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-69.2], 3.9 for children aged 1-4 (95% CI 0.9-17.7) and 0.9 for children aged 5-14 (95% CI 0.3-2.6). In Kenya, HIV infection in children with TB is common, and our data suggest that HIV is particularly deadly in TB patients < 1 year, the group with the lowest rate of testing. Poor data recording and reporting limit our understanding of TB in this age group. Expansion of HIV testing may improve survival, and more complete data recording and reporting will enhance our understanding of pediatric TB. C1 [Cavanaugh, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Cavanaugh, Joseph; Cain, Kevin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Genga, Kennedy] Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Div Leprosy TB & Lung Dis, Nairobi 00202, Kenya. [Marigu, Irene; Ackers, Marta] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Nairobi 00200, Kenya. [Laserson, Kayla] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu 40100, Kenya. [Laserson, Kayla] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cavanaugh, J (reprint author), NCHHSTP DTBE IRPB, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hgi7@cdc.gov FU The Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0142-6338 J9 J TROP PEDIATRICS JI J. Trop. Pediatr. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 58 IS 4 BP 292 EP 296 DI 10.1093/tropej/fmr098 PG 5 WC Pediatrics; Tropical Medicine SC Pediatrics; Tropical Medicine GA 984FQ UT WOS:000307175900010 PM 22144009 ER PT J AU Yang, H Carney, PJ Donis, RO Stevens, J AF Yang, Hua Carney, Paul J. Donis, Ruben O. Stevens, James TI Structure and Receptor Complexes of the Hemagglutinin from a Highly Pathogenic H7N7 Influenza Virus SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID A VIRUS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; HUMAN-BEINGS; BINDING; SPECIFICITY; CONJUNCTIVITIS; PROTEINS; HUMANS; NETHERLANDS; REFINEMENT AB Recurrence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus subtype H7 in poultry continues to be a public health concern. In 2003, an HPAI H7N7 outbreak in the Netherlands infected 89 people in close contact with affected poultry and resulted in one fatal case. In previous studies, the virus isolated from this fatal case, A/Netherlands/219/2003 (NL219) caused a lethal infection in mouse models and had increased replication efficiency and a broader tissue distribution than nonlethal isolates from the same outbreak. A mutation which introduces a potential glycosylation site at Asn123 in the NL219 hemagglutinin was postulated to contribute to the pathogenic properties of this virus. To study this further, we have expressed the NL219 hemagglutinin in a baculovirus expression system and performed a structural analysis of the hemagglutinin in complex with avian and human receptor analogs. Glycan microarray and kinetic analysis were performed to compare the receptor binding profile of the wild-type recombinant NL219 HA to a variant with a threonine-to-alanine mutation at position 125, resulting in loss of the glycosylation site at Asn123. The results suggest that the additional glycosylation sequon increases binding affinity to avian-type alpha 2-3-linked sialosides rather than switching to a human-like receptor specificity and highlight the mechanistic diversity of these pathogens, which calls attention to the need for further studies to fully understand the unique properties of these viruses. C1 [Yang, Hua; Carney, Paul J.; Donis, Ruben O.; Stevens, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Stevens, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM james.stevens@cdc.hhs.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences grant [GM62116] FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357.; We also thank the staff of SER-CAT sector 22 for their help for data collection. We thank WHO Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS) for providing the NL219 virus and Limei Chen (CDC) for kindly providing the NL219 gene used to generate the baculovirus clones described in this study. Glycan microarrays were produced for the Centers for Disease Control by the Consortium for Functional Glycomics (CFG) funded by National Institute of General Medical Sciences grant GM62116. Glycan microarray data presented here will be made available on-line through the CFG web site upon publication (www.functionalglycomics.org). We also thank the CFG for the supplying glycans for direct binding experiments through their resource request program. For analyses, we thank Rupert Russell (St. Andews University) for kindly providing the structure coordinate file for the avian H7/3'SLN complex. NR 58 TC 36 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 86 IS 16 BP 8645 EP 8652 DI 10.1128/JVI.00281-12 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 984NS UT WOS:000307198300030 PM 22674977 ER PT J AU Bono, JL Smith, TPL Keen, JE Harhay, GP McDaneld, TG Mandrell, RE Jung, WK Besser, TE Gerner-Smidt, P Bielaszewska, M Karch, H Clawson, ML AF Bono, James L. Smith, Timothy P. L. Keen, James E. Harhay, Gregory P. McDaneld, Tara G. Mandrell, Robert E. Jung, Woo Kyung Besser, Thomas E. Gerner-Smidt, Peter Bielaszewska, Martina Karch, Helge Clawson, Michael L. TI Phylogeny of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 Isolated from Cattle and Clinically Ill Humans SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE STEC O157; phylogeny; evolution; disease; cattle; human ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; MULTIPLEX PCR ASSAYS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MOLECULAR-DETECTION; VIRULENCE FACTORS; GENOME SEQUENCE; STRAINS; BOVINE AB Cattle are a major reservoir for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 (STEC O157) and harbor multiple genetic subtypes that do not all associate with human disease. STEC O157 evolved from an E. coli O55:H7 progenitor; however, a lack of genome sequence has hindered investigations on the divergence of human- and/or cattle-associated subtypes. Our goals were to 1) identify nucleotide polymorphisms for STEC O157 genetic subtype detection, 2) determine the phylogeny of STEC O157 genetic subtypes using polymorphism-derived genotypes and a phage insertion typing system, and 3) compare polymorphism-derived genotypes identified in this study with pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), the current gold standard for evaluating STEC O157 diversity. Using 762 nucleotide polymorphisms that were originally identified through whole-genome sequencing of 189 STEC O157 human- and cattle-isolated strains, we genotyped a collection of 426 STEC O157 strains. Concatenated polymorphism alleles defined 175 genotypes that were tagged by a minimal set of 138 polymorphisms. Eight major lineages of STEC O157 were identified, of which cattle are a reservoir for seven. Two lineages regularly harbored by cattle accounted for the majority of human disease in this study, whereas another was rarely represented in humans and may have evolved toward reduced human virulence. Notably, cattle are not a known reservoir for E. coli O55:H7 or STEC O157:H- (the first lineage to diverge within the STEC O157 serogroup), which both cause human disease. This result calls into question how cattle may have originally acquired STEC O157. The polymorphism-derived genotypes identified in this study did not surpass PFGE diversity assessed by BlnI and XbaI digestions in a subset of 93 strains. However, our results show that they are highly effective in assessing the evolutionary relatedness of epidemiologically unrelated STEC O157 genetic subtypes, including those associated with the cattle reservoir and human disease. C1 [Bono, James L.; Smith, Timothy P. L.; Harhay, Gregory P.; McDaneld, Tara G.; Clawson, Michael L.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. [Keen, James E.] Univ Nebraska, Great Plains Vet Educ Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Mandrell, Robert E.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA USA. [Jung, Woo Kyung; Besser, Thomas E.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Gerner-Smidt, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab, Response Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bielaszewska, Martina; Karch, Helge] Univ Munster, Inst Hyg, Munster, Germany. [Bielaszewska, Martina; Karch, Helge] Univ Munster, Natl Consulting Lab Haemolyt Uraem Syndrome, Munster, Germany. RP Clawson, ML (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. EM mike.clawson@ars.usda.gov OI Clawson, Michael/0000-0002-3355-5390 FU Agricultural Research Service FX We thank Gennie Schuller-Chavez, Sandy Fryda-Bradley, Renee Godtel, Linda Flathman, Bob Lee, Kevin Tennill, and Jacky Carnahan for outstanding technical support for this project; Jim Wray, Phil Anderson, and Randy Bradley for computer support; and Joan Rosch for secretarial support. The use of product and company names is necessary to accurately report the methods and results; however, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the products, and the use of names by the USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This work was supported by the Agricultural Research Service to J.L.B., T.P.L.S., G.P.H., T.G.M., R.E.M., and M.L.C. This research was conducted at the USDA, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), US Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC), State Spur 18D, Clay Center, Nebraska, United States. NR 69 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0737-4038 J9 MOL BIOL EVOL JI Mol. Biol. Evol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 29 IS 8 BP 2047 EP 2062 DI 10.1093/molbev/mss072 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 984EA UT WOS:000307171300015 PM 22355013 ER PT J AU Gray, J Arvelo, W McCracken, J Lopez, B Lessa, FC Kitchel, B Wong, B Reyes, L Lindblade, K AF Gray, Jennifer Arvelo, Wences McCracken, John Lopez, Beatriz Lessa, Fernanda C. Kitchel, Brandon Wong, Betty Reyes, Lissette Lindblade, Kim TI An outbreak of Klebsiella pneumoniae late-onset sepsis in a neonatal intensive care unit in Guatemala SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Hospital-acquired infection; Klebsiella spp; Neonatal sepsis; Central America ID ANTIMICROBIAL SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; INTRAVENOUS FLUIDS; INFECTIONS; CONTAMINATION; BACTEREMIA; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; PREVENTION; PATHOGENS; EPIDEMIC AB Background: Gram-negative bloodstream infections are an important cause of neonatal mortality. In October 2009, we investigated a Klebsiella spp outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit in Guatemala. Methods: Probable cases were defined as a Klebsiella spp isolated from blood in neonates aged < 28 days in the neonatal intensive care unit between October 1 and November 10, 2009; confirmed cases were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae. Clinical data were abstracted from medical charts. K pneumoniae isolates were genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Infection control practices were inspected. Results: There were 14 confirmed cases. The median age at onset of infection was 3 days (range, 2-8 days). Nine patients died (64%). K pneumoniae isolates were resistant to multiple antimicrobials. PFGE revealed 2 distinct clusters. Breaches in infection control procedures included inappropriate intravenous solution use and inadequate hand hygiene and contact precautions. Conclusions: We report a K pneumoniae outbreak with high neonatal mortality in Guatemala. PFGE clustering suggested a common source possibly related to reuse of a single-use intravenous medication or solution. The risk for K pneumoniae bloodstream infections in neonates in low-resource settings where sharing of solutions is common needs to be emphasized. Copyright (C) 2012 by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Gray, Jennifer; McCracken, John; Lopez, Beatriz] Univ Valle Guatemala, Ctr Hlth Studies, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Arvelo, Wences; Lindblade, Kim] Reg Off Cent Amer & Panama, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Lessa, Fernanda C.; Kitchel, Brandon; Wong, Betty] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Reyes, Lissette] Minist Publ Hlth & Social Assistance, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Reyes, Lissette] Field Epidemiol Training Program, Guatemala City, Guatemala. RP Gray, J (reprint author), St Lukes McCall Hosp, 1000 State St, Mccall, ID 83638 USA. EM jgray@slhs.org OI Lopez, Beatriz/0000-0003-1353-9948 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [UO1 GH000028-02] FX Supported in part by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative Agreement UO1 GH000028-02. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD AUG PY 2012 VL 40 IS 6 BP 516 EP 520 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.02.031 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 981SV UT WOS:000306991800010 PM 22854378 ER PT J AU Wright, MO Hebden, JN Allen-Bridson, K Morrell, GC Horan, T AF Wright, Marc-Oliver Hebden, Joan N. Allen-Bridson, Kathy Morrell, Gloria C. Horan, Teresa TI Health care-associated infections studies project: An American Journal of Infection Control and National Healthcare Safety Network data quality collaboration case study 7 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article C1 [Wright, Marc-Oliver] N Shore Univ Hlth Syst, Dept Infect Control, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Hebden, Joan N.] Wolters Kluwer Hlth Clin Solut, Sentri7, Bellevue, WA USA. [Allen-Bridson, Kathy; Morrell, Gloria C.; Horan, Teresa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Healthcare Safety Network, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wright, MO (reprint author), N Shore Univ Hlth Syst, Dept Infect Control, 2650 Ridge Ave,Burch 124, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. EM MWright@northshore.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD AUG PY 2012 VL 40 IS 6 BP 554 EP 555 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.05.002 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 981SV UT WOS:000306991800018 PM 22854379 ER PT J AU McAdam, AJ Hooper, DC DeMaria, A Limbago, BM O'Brien, TF McCaughey, B AF McAdam, Alexander J. Hooper, David C. DeMaria, Alfred Limbago, Brandi M. O'Brien, Thomas F. McCaughey, Betsy TI Antibiotic Resistance: How Serious Is the Problem, and What Can Be Done? SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [McAdam, Alexander J.] Childrens Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Hooper, David C.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Hooper, David C.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Infect Control Unit, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [DeMaria, Alfred] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Bur Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA. [Limbago, Brandi M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [O'Brien, Thomas F.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [O'Brien, Thomas F.] Alliance Prudent Use Antibiot, Boston, MA USA. [McCaughey, Betsy] Comm Reduce Infect Deaths RID, New York, NY USA. RP McAdam, AJ (reprint author), Childrens Hosp, Dept Lab Med, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM alexander.mcadam@childrens.harvard.edu NR 0 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 58 IS 8 BP 1182 EP 1186 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2011.181636 PG 5 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 982JW UT WOS:000307040300004 ER PT J AU Kelminson, K Saville, A Seewald, L Stokley, S Dickinson, LM Daley, MF Suh, C Kempe, A AF Kelminson, Karen Saville, Alison Seewald, Laura Stokley, Shannon Dickinson, L. Miriam Daley, Matthew F. Suh, Christina Kempe, Allison TI Parental Views of School-Located Delivery of Adolescent Vaccines SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Adolescent; School-located; Vaccination ID HEPATITIS-B VACCINATION; INFLUENZA IMMUNIZATION; HEALTH-SERVICES; CHILDREN; PROGRAMS; ATTITUDES; IMPACT; CARE AB Purpose: School-located immunization has the potential to increase adolescent vaccination rates. This study assessed parents' attitudes toward administration of adolescent vaccines (tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis [Tdap], meningococcal conjugate [MenACWY], human papillomavirus [HPV], and influenza) at school. Methods: We conducted a mailed survey of parents of sixth graders from July 2009 to September 2009 in three urban/suburban (Aurora, CO) middle schools assessing barriers and facilitators to school vaccination and willingness to consent for vaccines at school. Unadjusted and adjusted analyses examined the association of parent and student characteristics with parent willingness to consent to school-located vaccination. Results: The response rate was 62% (500/806). Parents reported 82% of teens had a regular site of health care, and 17% were uninsured. Overall, 71% of parents would consent for vaccines at school; 72% for Tdap, 71% for MenACWY, 53% for HPV (parents of girls), and 67% for seasonal influenza. Among parents who answered it was important their child receives recommended vaccines, (88%) would consent for influenza vaccine at school, compared with Tdap (76%), MenACWY (74%), and HPV (72%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated parents of uninsured teens (odds ratio [OR] 3.77, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.40, 12.23), who were unmarried (OR 1.90, 95% CI: 1.14, 3.25), or had a child attending the school with the highest percent eligibility for free/ reduced lunch (OR 2.75, 95% CI: 1.36, 5.80) were significantly more willing to consent for vaccines at school. Conclusions: These data suggest parents are generally supportive of school-located vaccine delivery, particularly for annual influenza vaccination and for uninsured and low-income adolescents. (C) 2012 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Kelminson, Karen; Daley, Matthew F.; Suh, Christina; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado, Dept Pediat, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Dickinson, L. Miriam] Univ Colorado, Dept Family Med, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Saville, Alison; Dickinson, L. Miriam; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado, Colorado Hlth Outcomes Program, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Kelminson, Karen; Saville, Alison; Seewald, Laura; Dickinson, L. Miriam; Daley, Matthew F.; Suh, Christina; Kempe, Allison] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Childrens Outcomes Res Program, Aurora, CO USA. [Stokley, Shannon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kelminson, K (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Pediat, Anschutz Med Campus,Mailstop F443,13199 E Montvie, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM Karen.Kelminson@childrenscolorado.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [3U01IP000129-02W1]; Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration [T32HP10006] FX The authors thank the principals and staff of the schools and all respondents who participated in this study. The authors would like to affirm that all who have contributed significantly to this work have been listed. This investigation was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, grant number 3U01IP000129-02W1, and by a grant from the Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration T32HP10006 to Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NR 38 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD AUG PY 2012 VL 51 IS 2 BP 190 EP 196 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.11.016 PG 7 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 977LS UT WOS:000306663300013 PM 22824451 ER PT J AU Kawamura, LM Grinsdale, JA Ho, CS Jereb, JA AF Kawamura, L. Masae Grinsdale, Jennifer A. Ho, Christine S. Jereb, John A. TI Interferon-gamma release assays for prediction of tuberculosis SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID INFECTION C1 [Kawamura, L. Masae; Grinsdale, Jennifer A.] San Francisco Dept Hlth, Div TB Control, San Francisco, CA USA. [Ho, Christine S.; Jereb, John A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kawamura, LM (reprint author), San Francisco Dept Hlth, Div TB Control, San Francisco, CA USA. EM jxj4@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 EI 1474-4457 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 12 IS 8 BP 584 EP 584 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70169-X PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 981BT UT WOS:000306941200006 PM 22835892 ER PT J AU Tharp, AT AF Tharp, Andra Teten TI Dating Matters (TM): The Next Generation of Teen Dating Violence Prevention SO PREVENTION SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS; SAFE DATES; PROGRAM; AGGRESSION; PERPETRATION; PREDICTORS; PARENT C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Tharp, AT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM atharp@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 16 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1389-4986 J9 PREV SCI JI Prev. Sci. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 13 IS 4 BP 398 EP 401 DI 10.1007/s11121-012-0307-0 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 979CY UT WOS:000306793700009 PM 22644504 ER PT J AU Majeed, B Dicker, R Nawar, A Badri, S Noah, A Muslem, H AF Majeed, Ban Dicker, Richard Nawar, Adnan Badri, Sumaia Noah, Anwar Muslem, Hassan TI Morbidity and mortality of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Iraq: cases reported to the National Surveillance System, 1990-2010 SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever; Iraq; National Surveillance System AB Although Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is endemic in the Middle East. its incidence in Iraq has not been well described since the early 1980s. To document trends and patterns of CCHF occurrence, we analyzed CCHF case reports from Iraq's National Surveillance System in 2010 and aggregate reports from previous years. A suspected case was defined as fever, hemorrhagic symptoms and a history of animal contact. Serologic testing was conducted for confirmation. Between 1998 and 2009, the annual number of confirmed cases ranged from zero to six. In 2010, 11 confirmed and 28 suspected cases were reported. The case fatality rate was 36% among confirmed cases, 4% among suspected cases. Most confirmed cases occurred during a three-week period in a single province. While CCHF is uncommon in Iraq, sporadic cases and outbreaks do occur. Surveillance could be strengthened by updating the case definition and case investigation forms. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. C1 [Majeed, Ban; Dicker, Richard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Majeed, B (reprint author), 1243 Francis St NW, Atlanta, GA 30318 USA. EM Bancomm2000@yahoo.com FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through TEPHINET, a program of the Task Force for Global Health, Inc. FX This publication was supported by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through TEPHINET, a program of the Task Force for Global Health, Inc. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0035-9203 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 106 IS 8 BP 480 EP 483 DI 10.1016/j.trstmh.2012.04.006 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 982HC UT WOS:000307032700005 PM 22633179 ER PT J AU Goff, DC Gillespie, C Howard, G Labarthe, DR AF Goff, David C., Jr. Gillespie, Cathleen Howard, George Labarthe, Darwin R. TI Is the obesity epidemic reversing favorable trends in blood pressure? Evidence from cohorts born between 1890 and 1990 in the United States SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cohort effect; Blood pressure; Hypertension; Obesity ID US ADULTS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; RISK-FACTOR; PREVALENCE; POPULATION; HYPERTENSION; PREVENTION; OVERWEIGHT; AWARENESS AB Background: Previous reports have described favorable changes in the relationship between systolic blood pressure and age in recent birth cohorts. The obesity epidemic might threaten that pattern. Objectives: To update analyses of differences between birth cohorts in the relationship between systolic blood pressure and age and to determine whether increases in obesity have had adverse effects. Methods: We examined the systolic blood pressure distributions across birth cohorts born between 1890 and 1990 in 68,070 participants, aged 18-74 years, in the National Health (and Nutrition) Examination Surveys between 1960 and 2008. We postulated that age-adjusted 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles of systolic blood pressure had decreased in more recent versus earlier cohorts, and that this pattern had slowed or reversed recently due, at least in part, to obesity. Results: After adjusting for gender, race, age and age(2), the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles of systolic blood pressure were 1.1, 1.4, 1.9, 2.5, and 3.4 mmHg lower for each decade more recently born (all P < .0001). Quadratic terms for birth cohort were positive and significant (P < .001) across all percentiles, consistent with a decelerating cohort effect. Mediation of this deceleration was observed for body mass index ranging from 20.4% to 44.3% (P < .01 at all percentiles). Conclusions: More recent cohorts born in the United States between 1890 and 1990 have had smaller increases in systolic blood pressure with aging. At any age, their systolic blood pressure distributions are shifted lower relative to earlier cohorts. Decreases of 1.9 mmHg in the median systolic blood pressure per decade translates into 11.4-13.3 mmHg over 6-7 decades, a shift that would contribute importantly to lower rates of cardiovascular diseases. These favorable changes are slowing, perhaps owing, at least in part, to the obesity epidemic. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Goff, David C., Jr.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Gillespie, Cathleen; Labarthe, Darwin R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Howard, George] Univ Alabama Birmingham Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Goff, DC (reprint author), Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, 13001 E 17th Pl,Mail Stop B119, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM david.goff@ucdenver.edu OI Gillespie, Cathleen/0000-0003-1878-1055 NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 22 IS 8 BP 554 EP 561 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2012.04.021 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 978UH UT WOS:000306770800003 PM 22683025 ER PT J AU Tyler, C Barfield, W Gavin, L Grigorescu, V Kraft, J Spitz, A Warner, L White, C AF Tyler, C. Barfield, W. Gavin, L. Grigorescu, V Kraft, J. Spitz, A. Warner, L. White, C. TI REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES: UNDERUTILIZED TOOLS FOR PREVENTION OF TEEN PREGNANCY SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tyler, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD AUG PY 2012 VL 86 IS 2 MA A47 BP 185 EP 185 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 978DD UT WOS:000306719900063 ER PT J AU Wang, RY Kazzi, ZN AF Wang, Richard Y. Kazzi, Ziad N. TI Antidotes and Rescue Therapies SO CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID EXPOSURE SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; ADVANCED BREAST-CANCER; AMERICAN-ASSOCIATION; DIGITALIS INTOXICATION; N-ACETYLCYSTEINE; NPDS; EFFICACY; MULTICENTER; SAFETY; TRIAL C1 [Wang, Richard Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kazzi, Ziad N.] Emory Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Wang, RY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1389-2010 J9 CURR PHARM BIOTECHNO JI Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 13 IS 10 BP 1914 EP 1916 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 979QP UT WOS:000306835200007 PM 22352725 ER PT J AU Schwartz, MD Hurst, CG Kirk, MA Reedy, SJD Braue, EH AF Schwartz, M. D. Hurst, C. G. Kirk, M. A. Reedy, S. J. D. Braue, E. H., Jr. TI Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion (RSDL) for the Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agent (CWA) Dermal Exposure SO CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE VX; soman; vesicants; sulfur mustard; dermal; decontamination; reactive skin decontamination lotion; chemical warfare ID 1-PERCENT SOAPY WATER; 0.5-PERCENT BLEACH; REDUCTION PASTE; DOMESTIC SWINE; VX; EFFICACY; KIT AB Rapid decontamination of the skin is the single most important action to prevent dermal absorption of chemical contaminants in persons exposed to chemical warfare agents (CWA) and toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) as a result of accidental or intentional release. Chemicals on the skin may be removed by mechanical means through the use of dry sorbents or water. Recent interest in decontamination systems which both partition contaminants away from the skin and actively neutralize the chemical has led to the development of several reactive decontamination solutions. This article will review the recently FDA-approved Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion (RSDL) and will summarize the toxicity and efficacy studies conducted to date. Evidence of RSDL's superior performance against vesicant and organophosphorus chemical warfare agents compared to water, bleach, and dry sorbents, suggests that RSDL may have a role in mass human exposure chemical decontamination in both the military and civilian arenas. C1 [Schwartz, M. D.] CDC, Off Terrorism Preparedness & Emergency Response, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hurst, C. G.; Braue, E. H., Jr.] USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Washington, DC USA. [Kirk, M. A.] Univ Virginia, Dept Emergency Med, Off Hlth Affairs, Dept Homeland Secur, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RP Schwartz, MD (reprint author), CDC, Off Terrorism Preparedness & Emergency Response, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop F-09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Aeo8@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 8 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 41 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1389-2010 J9 CURR PHARM BIOTECHNO JI Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 13 IS 10 BP 1971 EP 1979 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 979QP UT WOS:000306835200015 PM 22352732 ER PT J AU Cheng, YLJ Imperatore, G Caspersen, CJ Gregg, EW Albright, AL Helmick, CG AF Cheng, Yiling J. Imperatore, Giuseppina Caspersen, Carl J. Gregg, Edward W. Albright, Ann L. Helmick, Charles G. TI Prevalence of Diagnosed Arthritis and Arthritis-Attributable Activity Limitation Among Adults With and Without Diagnosed Diabetes: United States, 2008-2010 SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; FRAMINGHAM OSTEOARTHRITIS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; HIP AB OBJECTIVE-To estimate the prevalence of diagnosed arthritis among U.S. adults and the proportion of arthritis-attributable activity limitation (AAAL) among those with arthritis by diagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) status. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-We estimated prevalences and their ratios using 2008-2010 U.S. National Health Interview Survey of noninstitutionalized U.S. adults aged >= 18 years. Respondents' arthritis and DM status were both based on whether they reported a diagnosis of these diseases. Other characteristics used for stratification or adjustment included age, sex, race/ethnicity, education level, BMI, and physical activity level. RESULTS-Among adults with DM, the unadjusted prevalences of arthritis and proportion of AAAL among adults with arthritis (national estimated cases in parentheses) were 48.1% (9.6 million) and 55.0% (5.3 million), respectively. After adjusting for other characteristics, the prevalence ratios of arthritis and of AAAL among arthritic adults with versus without DM (95% Cl) were 1.44 (1.35-1.52) and 1.21 (1.15-1.28), respectively. The prevalence of arthritis increased with age and BMI and was higher for women, non-Hispanic whites, and inactive adults compared with their counterparts both among adults with and without DM (all P values < 0.05). Among adults with diagnosed DM and arthritis, the proportion of AAAL was associated with being obese, but was not significantly associated with age, sex, and race/ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS-Among U.S. adults with diagnosed DM, nearly half also have diagnosed arthritis; moreover, more than half of those with both diseases had AAAL. Arthritis can be a barrier to physical activity among adults with diagnosed DM. C1 [Cheng, Yiling J.; Imperatore, Giuseppina; Caspersen, Carl J.; Gregg, Edward W.; Albright, Ann L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Helmick, Charles G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cheng, YLJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ycheng@cdc.gov RI Caspersen, Carl/B-2494-2009 NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD AUG PY 2012 VL 35 IS 8 BP 1686 EP 1691 DI 10.2337/dc12-0046 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 980KD UT WOS:000306891200011 PM 22688544 ER PT J AU Moonesinghe, R Ioannidis, JPA Flanders, WD Yang, QH Truman, BI Khoury, MJ AF Moonesinghe, Ramal Ioannidis, John P. A. Flanders, W. Dana Yang, Quanhe Truman, Benedict I. Khoury, Muin J. TI Estimating the contribution of genetic variants to difference in incidence of disease between population groups SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article DE difference in incidence; genetic variants; gene-environmental interaction; population attributable risks ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; FTO GENE; OBESITY; PREVALENCE; ASIANS AB Genome-wide association studies have identified multiple genetic susceptibility variants to several complex human diseases. However, risk-genotype frequency at loci showing robust associations might differ substantially among different populations. In this paper, we present methods to assess the contribution of genetic variants to the difference in the incidence of disease between different population groups for different scenarios. We derive expressions for the contribution of a single genetic variant, multiple genetic variants, and the contribution of the joint effect of a genetic variant and an environmental factor to the difference in the incidence of disease. The contribution of genetic variants to the difference in incidence increases with increasing difference in risk-genotype frequency, but declines with increasing difference in incidence between the two populations. The contribution of genetic variants also increases with increasing relative risk and the contribution of joint effect of genetic and environmental factors increases with increasing relative risk of the gene-environmental interaction. The contribution of genetic variants to the difference in incidence between two populations can be expressed as a function of the population attributable risks of the genetic variants in the two populations. The contribution of a group of genetic variants to the disparity in incidence of disease could change considerably by adding one more genetic variant to the group. Any estimate of genetic contribution to the disparity in incidence of disease between two populations at this stage seems to be an elusive goal. European Journal of Human Genetics (2012) 20, 831-836; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2012.15; published online 15 February 2012 C1 [Moonesinghe, Ramal; Truman, Benedict I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Dispar, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, Clin & Mol Epidemiol Unit, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Biomed Res Inst, Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Tufts Clin & Translat Sci Inst, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Genet Epidemiol & Modeling, Tufts Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Flanders, W. Dana] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Yang, Quanhe; Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Moonesinghe, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Dispar, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop E-67, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rmoonesinghe@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1018-4813 J9 EUR J HUM GENET JI Eur. J. Hum. Genet. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 20 IS 8 BP 831 EP 836 DI 10.1038/ejhg.2012.15 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 976BX UT WOS:000306556600007 PM 22333905 ER PT J AU Marsh, CA Farr, SL Chang, JN Kissin, DM Grainger, DA Posner, SF Macaluso, M Jamieson, DJ AF Marsh, Courtney A. Farr, Sherry L. Chang, Jeani Kissin, Dmitry M. Grainger, David A. Posner, Samuel F. Macaluso, Maurizio Jamieson, Denise J. TI Trends and factors associated with the Day 5 embryo transfer, assisted reproductive technology surveillance, USA, 20012009 SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE cleavage; blastocyst; ART; embryo transfer; live birth order ID CLEAVAGE-STAGE EMBRYOS; PREGNANCY RATES; UNITED-STATES; OUTCOMES; METAANALYSIS; BLASTOCYSTS; CULTURE; NUMBER; IVF AB What characteristics are associated with a Day 5 embryo transfer? The use of the Day 5 embryo transfer has increased over time, with clinicians allowing women with typically opoorer' prognostic characteristics to undergo a Day 5 embryo transfer. The mean number of embryos per Day 5 transfer decreased from 2001 to 2009, although the prevalence of the Day 5 single embryo transfer remains low and the rate of multiple births remains substantial. Day 5 embryo transfer may reduce the rate of multiple gestation pregnancy. US trends over time in the prevalence of the Day 5 transfer, changes in characteristics of patients receiving Day 5 transfer, and number of embryos transferred are unknown. We used 20012009 US National assisted reproductive technology (ART) Surveillance System (NASS) data on 620 295 fresh IVF cycles derived from autologous oocytes with a Day 3 or 5 embryo transfer. Trends in the mean number of embryos transferred from 2001 to 2009 were assessed by the day of transfer. For 349 947 cycles from clinics performing both Days 3 and 5 embryo transfers, multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the characteristics associated with the Day 5 embryo transfer. We also compared the characteristics of the Day 5 embryo cycles in 2001 and 2009. Overall, the proportion of ART cycles using the Day 5 embryo transfer increased from 12 in 2001 to 36 in 2009 (P 0.0001), while the mean number of embryos transferred decreased from 2.4 to 2.1 (P 0.0001). Among Day 5 transfers, the rate of the single embryo transfer tripled from 4.5 in 2001 to 14.8 in 2009 (P 0.0001); and the rate of multiple births decreased from 44.8 to 41.1 (P 0.0001). In cycles initiated after 2001, maternal age 35 years, no prior ART cycles, epsilon 1 prior pregnancies, baseline follicle stimulating hormone 10 international units and epsilon 10 oocytes retrieved were associated with the Day 5 embryo transfer. Compared with 2001, in 2009, a broader range of candidates received the Day 5 transfer. Women undergoing multiple ART cycles over time are not linked. We ran multivariable logistic regression to lessen the effects of the confounding factors. Cycle cancelation rates by the day of embryo transfer are unknown. Generalizable to ART clinics included in NASS. This study was funded by the Centres for Disease Control. The authors have no competing interests to declare. C1 [Marsh, Courtney A.] Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Farr, Sherry L.; Chang, Jeani; Kissin, Dmitry M.; Posner, Samuel F.; Macaluso, Maurizio; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Grainger, David A.] Univ Kansas, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Wichita, KS 67208 USA. RP Marsh, CA (reprint author), Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 1500 E Med Ctr Dr,L4510 Womens Hosp, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM rowlandc@med.umich.edu RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015; OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690; Posner, Samuel/0000-0003-1574-585X FU Centers for disease control and prevention FX This study was supported by Centers for disease control and prevention. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1161 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 27 IS 8 BP 2325 EP 2331 DI 10.1093/humrep/des168 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 977HZ UT WOS:000306648600009 PM 22627658 ER PT J AU McDaniel, DD AF McDaniel, Dawn Delfin TI Risk and protective factors associated with gang affiliation among high-risk youth: a public health approach SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID VIOLENT VICTIMIZATION; SUICIDE ATTEMPTS; MEMBERSHIP; DELINQUENCY AB Background Gang violence accounted for 20% of homicides in large cities from 2002 to 2006. Preventing gang affiliation (ie, youth who either desire or have gang membership) might reduce subsequent gang activity. Previous research has focused on identifying risk factors for gang affiliation; however, little information is available on protective factors. Aim To identify risk and protective factors to provide more direction for gang violence prevention strategies. Methods The author analysed cross-sectional survey data from 4131 youths in grades 7, 9, 11 and 12. Data were collected in 2004 from students in a high-risk, urban public school district. Regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between gang affiliation and alcohol and drug use, delinquency, depressed mood, suicidal ideation, peer victimisation, parental monitoring and positive reinforcement, adult, family and peer support, coping skills, and school connectedness. Analyses were controlled for sex, race/ethnicity and age. Results An estimated 7% of youths were gang affiliated. Adjusting for all factors, gang affiliation was positively associated with engaging in any delinquent behaviours (prevalence OR: 2.07; 95% CI 1.18 to 3.64), frequent alcohol use (OR: 2.62; 95% CI 1.85 to 3.72) and frequent drug use (OR: 1.95; 95% CI 1.15 to 3.29). Gang affiliation was negatively associated with moderate levels of parental monitoring (OR: 0.67; 95% CI 0.54 to 0.85) and coping skills (OR: 0.54; 95% CI 0.42 to 0.71). Conclusions The findings suggest the potential benefit of increasing parental monitoring and coping skills and reducing delinquency, alcohol use and drug use to prevent gang affiliation. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP McDaniel, DD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dawn.mcdaniel@cdc.hhs.gov RI Bowyer, Jade/H-1930-2012 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 39 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 EI 1475-5785 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 18 IS 4 BP 253 EP 258 DI 10.1136/injuryprev-2011-040083 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 978QT UT WOS:000306761000009 PM 22240265 ER PT J AU Atladottir, HO Schendel, DE Lauritsen, MB Henriksen, TB Parner, ET AF Atladottir, Hjordis Osk Schendel, Diana E. Lauritsen, Marlene B. Henriksen, Tine Brink Parner, Erik T. TI Patterns of Contact with Hospital for Children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Danish Register-Based Study SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE Autistic disorder; Autism; Hospitalization; Admission; Hospital contact; Comorbidity ID MEDICAL DISORDERS; PREVALENCE; DIAGNOSIS; DENMARK; COHORT; HEALTH AB The aim of this study was to study patterns of contact with hospital for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using Danish population based register data. We included all children born in Denmark from 1994 through 2002. We found that children diagnosed with ASD had an increased rate of contact with hospital, almost regardless of the cause for the hospital contact. Given the overall association between hospital contact for various causes and ASD observed in these data, hospital data should be used cautiously in future studies searching for associations between a specific disease and ASD. If the increased rate of hospital contact overall for children with ASD is not considered, then misleading over interpretations might be made of observed associations between specific diseases and ASD. C1 [Atladottir, Hjordis Osk] Univ Aarhus, Dept Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Sect, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Schendel, Diana E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lauritsen, Marlene B.] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Reg Ctr Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Risskov, Denmark. [Henriksen, Tine Brink] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Perinatal Epidemiol Res Unit, Dept Pediat, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Parner, Erik T.] Univ Aarhus, Dept Publ Hlth, Biostat Sect, Aarhus, Denmark. RP Atladottir, HO (reprint author), Univ Aarhus, Dept Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Sect, Bartholin Alle 2, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. EM hoa@soci.au.dk NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0162-3257 J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD JI J. Autism Dev. Disord. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 42 IS 8 BP 1717 EP 1728 DI 10.1007/s10803-011-1416-5 PG 12 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA 977XG UT WOS:000306697600019 PM 22160299 ER PT J AU Kaufman, JM Hall, JE Zagura, M AF Kaufman, Joanne M. Hall, Jeffrey E. Zagura, Michelle TI Sex, Race/Ethnicity, and Context in School-Associated Student Homicides SO JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE LA English DT Article DE school homicides; sex; race/ethnicity; violence; geographic context and homicide ID VIOLENT DEATHS; UNITED-STATES; COLUMBINE; SHOOTINGS; PATTERNS AB This study assessed the importance of sex, race/ethnicity, and geographic context for incidents of school-associated student homicides between July 1, 1994 and June 30, 1999, covering 5 academic years. Using data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention School Associated Violent Deaths Study (n = 125 incidents), we compared percentages and medians of victim, offender, motive, and school characteristics for incidents by geographic context and race/ethnicity of the offenders. Most incidents involved urban areas (53.6%), Black and Latino offenders and victims, moderately high youth poverty, and male on male violence (77.6%) driven by disputes and gang-related motives. Suburban area incidents (31.2%) often involved offenders and victims of a different race/ethnicity (51.3%). Multiple victims and White offenders were more common in rural areas (15.2%). More than 50% of the rural incidents involved male offenders and female victims. White offender incidents more often included multiple victims and female victims while Black and Latino offenders more often included single victims of the same sex. These results emphasize the utility of an incident-based analysis of school-associated student homicides in highlighting important variations by intersections of sex, race/ ethnicity, and geographic context. C1 [Kaufman, Joanne M.; Zagura, Michelle] SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Hall, Jeffrey E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kaufman, JM (reprint author), SUNY Albany, 1400 Washington Ave,AS 351, Albany, NY 12222 USA. EM jkaufman@albany.edu NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 13 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0886-2605 J9 J INTERPERS VIOLENCE JI J. Interpers. Violence PD AUG PY 2012 VL 27 IS 12 BP 2373 EP 2390 DI 10.1177/0886260511433516 PG 18 WC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology, Applied SC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology GA 977MR UT WOS:000306667200004 PM 22279128 ER PT J AU Lawrence, JM Yi-Frazier, JP Black, MH Anderson, A Hood, K Imperatore, G Klingensmith, GJ Naughton, M Mayer-Davis, EJ Seid, M AF Lawrence, Jean M. Yi-Frazier, Joyce P. Black, Mary Helen Anderson, Andrea Hood, Korey Imperatore, Giuseppina Klingensmith, Georgeanna J. Naughton, Michelle Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J. Seid, Michael CA SEARCH Diabet Youth Study Grp TI Demographic and Clinical Correlates of Diabetes-Related Quality of Life among Youth with Type 1 Diabetes SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID METABOLIC-CONTROL; OBESE CHILDREN; HEALTH; ADOLESCENTS; MELLITUS; SEARCH; PREVALENCE; DEPRESSION; OVERWEIGHT; TRIAL AB Objectives To evaluate the reliability and cluster structure of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Type 1 Diabetes Module 3.0 (PedsQL-T1DM) and associated subscales and to explore the associations between PedsQL-T1DM total score and demographic and clinical characteristics and clinical indicators among a large racially/ethnically diverse cohort of youth with type 1 diabetes. Study design Principal components analysis was conducted on responses from the PedsQL-T1DM child self-report forms completed by SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study participants aged >= 5 years. Multivariate linear regression models were fit to examine the associations among PedsQL-T1DM total score, demographic and clinical characteristics, and clinical indicators. Results The sample comprised 2602 youth with a mean age of 13.6 +/- 4.1 years and a mean T1DM duration of 62.1 +/- 47.0 months. Principal components analysis did not support the 5 existing PedsQL-T1DM subscales. In multivariate analyses, the PedsQL-T1DM total score was negatively and significantly associated with younger age (5-7 years), female sex, receiving insulin by injection (vs pump), having parents without a college degree, Medicaid/Medicare insurance, and having a comorbid medical condition. Youth with poor glycemic control based on their age-specific hemoglobin A1c target values and those with depressive symptoms had significantly lower PedsQL-T1DM scores than their counterparts with good control and no or limited depressive symptoms. Conclusion This study has identified sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of youth with T1DM more likely to experience poor diabetes-specific quality of life. The association of lower PedsQL-T1DM scores with depressive symptoms and poor glycemic control is especially concerning and may be the focus of future interventions and studies. (J Pediatr 2012;161:201-7). C1 [Lawrence, Jean M.; Black, Mary Helen] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Dept Res & Evaluat, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Yi-Frazier, Joyce P.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Anderson, Andrea; Naughton, Michelle] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Biostat Sci, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Hood, Korey] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Ctr Promot Treatment Adherence & Self Management, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Imperatore, Giuseppina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Klingensmith, Georgeanna J.] Univ Colorado, Barbara Davis Ctr, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Seid, Michael] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Div Pulm Med, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Seid, Michael] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, James M Anderson Ctr Hlth Syst Excellence, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Lawrence, JM (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Dept Res & Evaluat, 100 S Los Robles,4th Floor, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. EM Jean.M.Lawrence@kp.org FU NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR000423, UL1 TR000154]; NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U01 DP000244, U01 DP000248, U01DP000246, U18DP000247-06A1, U18DP002714, 1U18DP002709, U01 DP000245, U01 DP000250, U01 DP000254, U01DP000247, U18DP002708-01]; NCRR NIH HHS [1UL1RR026314-01, M01 RR00069, UL1 RR029882, UL1RR029882, M01RR00037]; NIDDK NIH HHS [K23 DK089017, P30 DK57516] NR 30 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 14 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 161 IS 2 BP 201 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.01.016 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 977VV UT WOS:000306693800010 PM 22361221 ER PT J AU Dietz, PM Rizzo, JH England, LJ Callaghan, WM Vesco, KK Bruce, FC Bulkley, JE Sharma, AJ Hornbrook, MC AF Dietz, Patricia M. Rizzo, Joanne H. England, Lucinda J. Callaghan, William M. Vesco, Kimberly K. Bruce, F. Carol Bulkley, Joanna E. Sharma, Andrea J. Hornbrook, Mark C. TI Early Term Delivery and Health Care Utilization in the First Year of Life SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID LATE-PRETERM; INFANTS; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; LENGTH; SYSTEM; BIRTHS AB Objective To assess health care utilization during the first year of life among early term-born infants. Study design We assessed health care utilization of 22420 singleton term infants (37-42 weeks gestational age [GA]) without major birth defects, fetal growth restriction, or exposure to diabetes or hypertension in utero, delivered between 1998 and 2007 and continuously enrolled at Kaiser Permanente Northwest for 12 months after delivery. GA, duration of delivery hospitalization, and postdelivery rehospitalizations and sick/emergency room visits in the first year of life were obtained from electronic medical records. Logistic regression models were used to estimate associations between GA and number of hospitalizations and length of stay. Generalized linear models were used to estimate the adjusted mean number of sick/emergency visits. Results Overall, 20.9% of term infants were born early. Infants delivered vaginally at 37 weeks GA had a 2.2 greater odds (95% CI, 1.6-3.1) of staying 4 or more days compared with those born at 39-40 weeks GA. Similar association was found among infants delivered by cesarean delivery at 37 or 38 weeks GA. Infants born at 37 weeks GA had increased odds of being rehospitalized within 2 weeks of delivery (OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.9-3.6). The adjusted mean number of sick/emergency room visits was higher for infants born at 37 and 38 weeks GA than for those born at 39-40 weeks GA (8.1, 7.7, and 7.3, respectively; P < .0001). Conclusions Early term-born infants had greater health care utilization during their entire first year of life than infants born at 39-40 weeks GA. (J Pediatr 2012;161:234-9). C1 [Dietz, Patricia M.; England, Lucinda J.; Callaghan, William M.; Bruce, F. Carol; Sharma, Andrea J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rizzo, Joanne H.; Vesco, Kimberly K.; Bulkley, Joanna E.; Hornbrook, Mark C.] Kaiser Permanente NW, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. RP Dietz, PM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. OI Bulkley, Joanna/0000-0001-8293-2079; Sharma, Andrea/0000-0003-0385-0011 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2001-00074] FX Funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contract CDC 200-2001-00074, task MC2-02, "Extent of Maternal Morbidity in a Managed Care Setting"). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or Kaiser Permanente. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 11 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 161 IS 2 BP 234 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.02.005 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 977VV UT WOS:000306693800015 PM 22421263 ER PT J AU Singleton, RJ Holman, RC Folkema, AM Wenger, JD Steiner, CA Redd, JT AF Singleton, Rosalyn J. Holman, Robert C. Folkema, Arianne M. Wenger, Jay D. Steiner, Claudia A. Redd, John T. TI Trends in Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Hospitalizations among American Indian/Alaska Native Children and the General US Child Population SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; RISK-FACTORS; DISEASE; COVERAGE AB Objective To describe trends in the rate of hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) among American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) children and the general US population of children aged < 5 years. Study design This was a retrospective analysis of trends and hospitalization rates for LRTI-associated hospitalizations in 1998-2008 among AI/AN children aged < 5 years using the Indian Health Service direct/contract inpatient data, and also among the general population of US children aged < 5 years using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Results The 2006-2008 LRTI-associated hospitalization rate for AI/AN children aged < 5 years (21.8 per 1000/year) was 32% lower than the 1998-1999 rate, and 1.6-fold higher than the general US children rate (13.8 per 1000/year; 95% CI, 12.8-14.8). Higher rates were seen in AI/AN children aged < 5 years in the Alaska and the Southwest regions of the United States (41.2 and 28.0 per 1000/year, respectively). In infants, these rates were 136.4 and 82.4 per 1000/year, respectively, exceeding the rate in the general US infant population (37.1 per 1000/year; 95% CI, 34.3-40.0). The greatest disparity in the LRTI-associated hospitalization rate between AI/AN infants and the general US infant population was seen for pneumonia, with a 3-fold higher rate in AI/AN infants (36.2 per 1000/year vs 12.7 per 1000/year; 95% CI, 11.8-13.6). Conclusion The LRTI-associated hospitalization rate is higher in AI/AN children, particularly infants from Alaska and the American Southwest, compared with the general US child population. Closing this gap will require addressing housing and sanitation inequities and ensuring high immunization rates and access to care. (J Pediatr 2012;161:296-302). C1 [Singleton, Rosalyn J.; Wenger, Jay D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, US Dept HHS, Anchorage, AK USA. [Holman, Robert C.; Folkema, Arianne M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Steiner, Claudia A.] US Dept HHS, Healthcare Cost & Utilizat Project, Ctr Delivery Org & Markets, Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Rockville, MD USA. [Redd, John T.] US Dept HHS, Div Epidemiol & Dis Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Support, Indian Hlth Serv, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Singleton, RJ (reprint author), AIP CDC, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM ris2@cdc.gov FU Pfizer Inc FX R.S. and J.W. have conducted research sponsored by Pfizer Inc. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 32 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 161 IS 2 BP 296 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.02.004 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 977VV UT WOS:000306693800026 PM 22437150 ER PT J AU Creanga, AA Berg, CJ Syverson, C Seed, K Bruce, FC Callaghan, WM AF Creanga, Andreea A. Berg, Cynthia J. Syverson, Carla Seed, Kristi Bruce, F. Carol Callaghan, William M. TI Race, Ethnicity, and Nativity Differentials in Pregnancy-Related Mortality in the United States 1993-2006 SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEVERE OBSTETRIC MORBIDITY; TRENDS; HOSPITALIZATIONS; US AB OBJECTIVE: To compare trends in and causes of pregnancy-related mortality by race, ethnicity, and nativity from 1993 to 2006. METHODS: We used data from the Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System. For each race, ethnicity, and nativity group, we calculated pregnancy-related mortality ratios and assessed causes of pregnancy-related death and the time between the end of pregnancy and death. RESULTS: Race, ethnicity, and nativity-related minority women contributed 40.7% of all U.S. live births but 61.8% of the 7,487 pregnancy-related deaths during 1993-2006. Pregnancy-related mortality ratios were 9.1 and 7.5 deaths per 100,000 live births among U.S.-and foreign-born white women, respectively, and slightly higher at 9.6 and 11.6 deaths per 100,000 live births for U.S.-and foreign-born Hispanic women, respectively. Relative to U.S.-born white women, age-standardized pregnancy-related mortality ratios were 5.2 and 3.6 times higher among U.S.-and foreign-born black women, respectively. However, causes and timing of death within 42 days postpartum were similar for U.S.-born white and black women with cardiovascular disease, cardiomyopathy, and other pre-existing medical conditions emerging as chief contributors to mortality. Hypertensive disorders, hemorrhage, and embolism were the most important causes of pregnancy-related death for all other groups of women. CONCLUSION: Except for foreign-born white women, all other race, ethnicity, and nativity groups were at higher risk of dying from pregnancy-related causes than U.S.-born white women after adjusting for age differences. Integration of quality-of-care aspects into hospital-and state-based maternal death reviews may help identify race, ethnicity, and nativity-specific factors for pregnancy-related mortality. C1 [Creanga, Andreea A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Creanga, AA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop K-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM acreanga@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 120 IS 2 BP 261 EP 268 DI 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31825cb87a PN 1 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 978BF UT WOS:000306713100010 PM 22825083 ER PT J AU Huda, TMN Unicomb, L Johnston, RB Halder, AK Sharker, MAY Luby, SP AF Huda, Tarique Md. Nurul Unicomb, Leanne Johnston, Richard B. Halder, Amal K. Sharker, Md. Abu Yushuf Luby, Stephen P. TI Interim evaluation of a large scale sanitation, hygiene and water improvement programme on childhood diarrhea and respiratory disease in rural Bangladesh SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Water; Sanitation; Hygiene; Large-scale; Bangladesh; Diarrhea; Respiratory illness; Children ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; BURKINA-FASO; HANDWASHING-PROMOTION; REDUCES DIARRHEA; BEHAVIOR; HEALTH; INTERVENTION; SOAP; REDUCTION; PAKISTAN AB Started in 2007, the Sanitation Hygiene Education and Water Supply in Bangladesh (SHEWA-B) project aims to improve the hygiene, sanitation and water supply for 20 million people in Bangladesh, and thus reduce disease among this population. This paper assesses the effectiveness of SHEWA-B on changing behaviors and reducing diarrhea and respiratory illness among children < 5 years of age. We assessed behaviors at baseline in 2007 and after 6 months and 18 months by conducting structured observation of handwashing behavior in 500 intervention and 500 control households. In addition we conducted spot checks of water and sanitation facilities in 850 intervention and 850 control households. We also collected monthly data on diarrhea and respiratory illness from 500 intervention and 500 control households from October 2007 to September 2009. Participants washed their hands with soap < 3% of the time around food related events in both intervention and control households at baseline and after 18 months. Washing both hands with soap or ash after cleaning a child's anus increased from 22% to 36%, and no access to a latrine decreased from 10% to 6.8% from baseline to 18 months. The prevalence of diarrhea and respiratory illness, among children <5 years of age were similar in intervention and control communities throughout the study. This large scale sanitation, hygiene and water improvement programme resulted in improvements in a few of its targeted behaviors, but these modest behavior changes have not yet resulted in a measurable reduction in childhood diarrhea and respiratory illness. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Luby, Stephen P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM tariquehuda@yahoo.com FU United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID) through UNICEF Bangladesh [GR00540] FX The authors particularly appreciate the suggestions made by Dorothy Southern and Md. Jaynal Abedin. The author thanks Hans D. Spruijt and Luzma Montano of UNICEF Bangladesh for their valuable inputs. The authors also thank the field workers and the community hygiene promoters who collected the data. The authors also highly appreciate the contribution of the community members from the intervention and control areas. This research activity was funded by the United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID) through UNICEF Bangladesh, grant number GR00540. ICDDR,B acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of DFID and UNICEF to its research efforts. NR 49 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 75 IS 4 BP 604 EP 611 DI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.10.042 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 980JR UT WOS:000306890000003 PM 22197292 ER PT J AU Fiebelkorn, AP Person, B Quick, RE Vindigni, SM Jhung, M Bowen, A Riley, PL AF Fiebelkorn, Amy Parker Person, Bobbie Quick, Robert E. Vindigni, Stephen M. Jhung, Michael Bowen, Anna Riley, Patricia L. TI Systematic review of behavior change research on point-of-use water treatment interventions in countries categorized as low- to medium-development on the human development index SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE Behavior change; Point-of-use water treatment; Developing countries ID HOUSEHOLD DRINKING-WATER; WESTERN KENYA; SOLAR DISINFECTION; RURAL GUATEMALA; QUALITY INTERVENTION; DIARRHEA PREVENTION; CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; HEALTH-EDUCATION; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; NYANZA PROVINCE AB Point-of-use water treatment (i.e., water purification at the point of consumption) has proven effective in preventing diarrhea in developing countries. However, widespread adoption has not occurred, suggesting that implementation strategies have not motivated sustained behavior change. We conducted a systematic literature review of published behavioral research on factors influencing adoption of point-of-use water treatment in countries categorized as low- to medium-development on the United Nations Development Programme Human Development Index. We used 22 key words to search peer-reviewed literature from 1950 to 2010 from OVID Medline, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. Twenty-six (1.7%) of 1551 papers met our four inclusion criteria: 1) implemented a point-of-use water treatment intervention, 2) applied a behavioral intervention, 3) evaluated behavior change as the outcome, and 4) occurred in a low- or medium-development country. We reviewed these 26 publications for detailed descriptions of the water treatment intervention, theoretical rationales for the behavioral intervention, and descriptions of the evaluation. In 5 (19%) papers, details of the behavioral intervention were fully specified. Seven (27%) papers reported using a behavioral theory in the design of the intervention and evaluation of its impact. Ten (38%) studies used a comparison or control group: 5 provided detailed descriptions. Seven (27%) papers reported high sustained use of point-of-use water treatment with rates >50% at the last recorded follow-up. Despite documented health benefits of point-of-use water treatment interventions in reducing diarrheal diseases, we found limited peer-reviewed behavioral research on the topic. In addition, we found the existing literature often lacked detailed descriptions of the intervention for replication, seldom described the theoretical and empirical rationale for the implementation and evaluation of the intervention, and often had limitations in the evaluation methodology. The scarcity of papers on behavior change with respect to point-of-use water treatment technologies suggests that this field is underdeveloped. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Fiebelkorn, Amy Parker] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Person, Bobbie] CDC, Off Director, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Quick, Robert E.; Bowen, Anna] CDC, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vindigni, Stephen M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vindigni, Stephen M.] CDC, Off Director, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jhung, Michael] CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Riley, Patricia L.] CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Riley, Patricia L.] Emory Univ, Nell Hodgson Woodruff Sch Nursing, Lillian Carter Ctr Int Nursing, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Fiebelkorn, AP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Afiebelkorn@cdc.gov NR 70 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 5 U2 38 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 75 IS 4 BP 622 EP 633 DI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.02.011 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 980JR UT WOS:000306890000005 PM 22497845 ER PT J AU Thanprasertsuk, S Supawitkul, S Lolekha, R Ningsanond, P Agins, BD Mcconnell, MS Fox, KK Srisongsom, S Chunwimaleung, S Gass, R Simmons, N Chaovavanich, A Jirajariyavej, S Leusaree, T Akksilp, S Mock, PA Chasombat, S Lertpiriyasuwat, C Tappero, JW Levine, WC AF Thanprasertsuk, Sombat Supawitkul, Somsak Lolekha, Rangsima Ningsanond, Peeramon Agins, Bruce D. Mcconnell, Michelle S. Fox, Kimberley K. Srisongsom, Saowanee Chunwimaleung, Suchin Gass, Robert Simmons, Nicole Chaovavanich, Achara Jirajariyavej, Supunnee Leusaree, Tasana Akksilp, Somsak Mock, Philip A. Chasombat, Sanchai Lertpiriyasuwat, Cheewanan Tappero, Jordan W. Levine, William C. TI HIVQUAL-T: monitoring and improving HIV clinical care in Thailand, 2002-08 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR QUALITY IN HEALTH CARE LA English DT Article DE Thailand; HIVQUAL; quality improvement; performance measurement ID PERFORMANCE-MEASURES; QUALITY PERFORMANCE; PROGRAM; INFECTION; GUIDELINES; FACILITIES AB We report experience of HIVQUAL-T implementation in Thailand. Program evaluation. Twelve government hospital clinics. People living with HIV/AIDS (PLHAs) aged epsilon 15 years with two or more visits to the hospitals during 200208. HIVQUAL-T is a process for HIV care performance measurement (PM) and quality improvement (QI). The program includes PM using a sample of eligible cases and establishment of a locally led QI infrastructure and process. PM indicators are based on Thai national HIV care guidelines. QI projects address needs identified through PM; regional workshops facilitate peer learning. Annual benchmarking with repeat measurement is used to monitor progress. Percentages of eligible cases receiving various HIV services. Across 12 participating hospitals, HIV care caseloads were 4855 in 2002 and 13 887 in 2008. On average, 1015 of cases were included in the PM sample. Percentages of eligible cases receiving CD4 testing in 2002 and 2008, respectively, were 24 and 99 (P 0.001); for ARV treatment, 100 and 90 (P 0.74); for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia prophylaxis, 94 and 93 (P 0.95); for Papanicolau smear, 0 and 67 (P 0.001); for syphilis screening, 0 and 94 (P 0.001); and for tuberculosis screening, 24 and 99 (P 0.01). PM results contributed to local QI projects and national policy changes. Hospitals participating in HIVQUAL-T significantly increased their performance in several fundamental areas of HIV care linked to health outcomes for PLHA. This model of PM-QI has improved clinical care and implementation of HIV guidelines in hospital-based clinics in Thailand. C1 [Thanprasertsuk, Sombat; Ningsanond, Peeramon; Chasombat, Sanchai; Lertpiriyasuwat, Cheewanan] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth MOPH, Bur AIDS TB & STI, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. [Supawitkul, Somsak; Lolekha, Rangsima; Mcconnell, Michelle S.; Fox, Kimberley K.; Srisongsom, Saowanee; Chunwimaleung, Suchin; Mock, Philip A.] Thailand MOPH US CDC Collaborat, Global AIDS Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Agins, Bruce D.; Gass, Robert] AIDS Inst, New York State Dept Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Mcconnell, Michelle S.; Fox, Kimberley K.; Tappero, Jordan W.; Levine, William C.] CDC, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Simmons, Nicole] Univ Res Co, Moscow, Russia. [Chaovavanich, Achara] Bamrasnaradura Infect Dis Inst, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Jirajariyavej, Supunnee] Bangkok Metropolitan Adm, Taksin Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand. [Leusaree, Tasana] Off Dis Control & Prevent Reg 10, Chiang Mai, Thailand. [Akksilp, Somsak] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Dis Control, Nonthaburi, Thailand. RP Thanprasertsuk, S (reprint author), Thailand Minist Publ Hlth MOPH, Bur AIDS TB & STI, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM sombat.than@yahoo.com FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Thai MOPH; Thai government FX The HIVQUAL program was funded in 2003-05 by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and by the Thai MOPH. From 2005 to 2008, funding was primarily from the Thai government but with continued technical assistance from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1353-4505 J9 INT J QUAL HEALTH C JI Int. J. Qual. Health Care PD AUG PY 2012 VL 24 IS 4 BP 338 EP 347 DI 10.1093/intqhc/mzs008 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 974DX UT WOS:000306411100004 PM 22665387 ER PT J AU Wu, XC Watson, M Wilson, R Saraiya, M Cleveland, JL Markowitz, L AF Wu, Xiaocheng Watson, Meg Wilson, Reda Saraiya, Mona Cleveland, Jennifer L. Markowitz, Lauri TI Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cancers-United States, 2004-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 258, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID WOMEN C1 [Watson, Meg; Wilson, Reda; Saraiya, Mona] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wu, Xiaocheng] CDC, Louisiana Tumor Registry, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cleveland, Jennifer L.] CDC, Div Oral Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Markowitz, Lauri] CDC, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Watson, M (reprint author), CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eze5@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 5 BP 445 EP 447 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 981DQ UT WOS:000306947400008 ER PT J AU Comstock, N Towle, M Warner, A Reynolds, S Durso, L Campbell, C Kiefer, M Bosch, SA AF Comstock, Nicole Towle, Meredith Warner, Amy Reynolds, Stephen Durso, Lisa Campbell, Corey Kiefer, Max Bosch, Stacey A. TI Outbreak of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O111 Infections Associated With a Correctional Facility Dairy-Colorado, 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 149, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID O157-H7 C1 [Campbell, Corey; Kiefer, Max] CDC, Western States Off, NIOSH, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Comstock, Nicole; Towle, Meredith; Warner, Amy] Colorado State Univ, Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Reynolds, Stephen] Colorado State Univ, High Plains Intermountain Ctr Agr Hlth & Safety, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Bosch, Stacey A.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Campbell, C (reprint author), CDC, Western States Off, NIOSH, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM crcampbell@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 5 BP 447 EP 449 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 981DQ UT WOS:000306947400009 ER PT J AU Oraka, E Elizabeth, HJ King, ME Callahan, DB AF Oraka, Emeka Elizabeth, Huyi Jin King, Michael E. Callahan, David B. TI Asthma Prevalence among US Elderly by Age Groups: Age Still Matters SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA LA English DT Article DE asthma; COPD; elderly; prevalence; risk factors ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; OLDER-ADULTS; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; POPULATION; SMOKING; UNDERDIAGNOSIS; GUIDELINES; DIAGNOSIS; SYMPTOMS AB Objective. For over three decades, the greatest burden of asthma deaths has occurred among persons aged 65 years and older. This study analyzed the association between increasing age and asthma prevalence among age groups within the US elderly population. Methods. We analyzed aggregated data on 54,485 civilian, noninstitutionalized US adults aged 65 years and older from the 2001-2010 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). We estimated the prevalence of current asthma, lifetime asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among US elderly by 5-year age groups and age stages ("young elderly" aged 65-84 years and "oldest old" aged >= 85 years). We calculated adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to identify asthma prevalence patterns among elderly populations. Results. From 2001 to 2010, the estimated average annual prevalence of current asthma among US elderly was 7.0%. Estimates of lifetime asthma, COPD, and co-occurring current asthma and COPD were 9.9%, 9.7%, and 3.0%, respectively. Prevalence of asthma decreased with advancing age while prevalence of COPD increased with advancing age. When controlling for study variables and significant interactions (p = .05) with COPD, the odds of reporting current asthma decreased with advancing age: 0.87 (95% CI, 0.76-1.01) for 70- to 74-year-olds; 0.76 (95% CI, 0.66-0.87) for 75- to 79-year-olds; 0.62 (95% CI, 0.51-0.75) for 80- to 84-year-olds; and 0.45 (95% CI, 0.36-0.55) for >= 85-year-olds, as compared to 65- to 69-year-olds. Conclusions. Asthma continues to affect a substantial proportion of the US elderly population. Increased diagnosis of COPD may overshadow correct diagnosis and treatment in populations with advancing age. Treatment guidelines should focus on preventable risk behaviors to increase the quality of life within this population. C1 [Oraka, Emeka; Elizabeth, Huyi Jin; King, Michael E.; Callahan, David B.] Ctr Dis Control Prevent CDC, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30324 USA. [Elizabeth, Huyi Jin] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Oraka, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control Prevent CDC, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Mailstop E46, Atlanta, GA 30324 USA. EM eoraka@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0277-0903 J9 J ASTHMA JI J. Asthma PD AUG PY 2012 VL 49 IS 6 BP 593 EP 599 DI 10.3109/02770903.2012.684252 PG 7 WC Allergy; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Respiratory System GA 974IH UT WOS:000306426300007 PM 22765313 ER PT J AU Chasela, CS Wall, P Drobeniuc, J King, CC Teshale, E Hosseinipour, MC Ellington, SR Codd, M Jamieson, DJ Knight, RJ Fitzpatrick, P Kourtis, AP Hoffman, IF Kayira, D Mumba, N Kamwendo, DD Martinson, F Powderly, W van der Horst, C Kamili, S AF Chasela, Charles S. Wall, Patrick Drobeniuc, Jan King, Caroline C. Teshale, Eyasu Hosseinipour, Mina C. Ellington, Sascha R. Codd, Mary Jamieson, Denise J. Knight, Rodney J. Fitzpatrick, Patricia Kourtis, Athena P. Hoffman, Irving F. Kayira, Dumbani Mumba, Noel Kamwendo, Deborah D. Martinson, Francis Powderly, William van der Horst, Charles Kamili, Saleem CA BAN Team TI Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected pregnant women in Malawi: The BAN study SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV; HCV; Pregnant women; Malawi ID VIRAL-HEPATITIS; BLOOD-DONORS; B VIRUS; HIV; SEROPREVALENCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; COINFECTION AB Background: In Sub-Saharan Africa, prevalence estimates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) vary widely. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of HCV infection among HIV-infected, pregnant women screened for a large clinical trial in Lilongwe, Malawi. Study design: Plasma from 2041 HIV-infected, pregnant women was screened for anti-HCV IgG using a chemiluminiscent immunometric assay (CIA). Specimens with a signal-cut-off ratio >= 1.00 were considered reactive and those with S/Co ratio < 1.00 non-reactive. All CIA-reactive specimens were tested by a recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) for anti-HCV and by PCR for HCV RNA. Results: Of 2041 specimens, 110 (5.3%, 95% CI: 4.5-6.5%) were CIA reactive. Of the 109 CIA reactive specimens available for RIBA testing, 2 (1.8%) were positive, 28 (25.7%) were indeterminate, and 79 (72.5%) were negative. All CIA-reactive specimens were HCV RNA negative (n = 110). The estimated HCV prevalence based on the screening assay alone was 5.3%; based on supplemental RIBA testing, the status of HCV infection remained indeterminate in 1.4% (28/2040, 95% CI: 0.1-2.0) and the prevalence of confirmed HCV infections was 0.1% (2/2040, 95% CI: 0-0.4%). Conclusions: HCV seroprevalence among HIV-infected, pregnant women in Malawi confirmed by supplemental RIBA HCV 3.0 is low (0.1%); CIA showed a high false-reactivity rate in this population. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kamili, Saleem] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chasela, Charles S.; Hosseinipour, Mina C.; Kayira, Dumbani; Mumba, Noel; Kamwendo, Deborah D.; Martinson, Francis] UNC Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Chasela, Charles S.; Wall, Patrick; Codd, Mary; Fitzpatrick, Patricia; Powderly, William] Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Chasela, Charles S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Publ Hlth, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Knight, Rodney J.] Principia Int, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Hoffman, Irving F.; van der Horst, Charles] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Kamili, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skamili@cdc.gov OI Sellers, Christopher/0000-0003-4672-8198; Fitzpatrick, Patricia/0000-0003-2524-3677 FU Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01, SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [NIAID P30-AI50410]; University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research [P30-AI50410]; NIH Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program [DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06]; Fogarty International Clinical Research Fellows Program [R24 TW007988]; Ad Astra Fellowship from University College Dublin, Ireland; Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation Call to Action and International Leadership Awards; UNICEF; World Food Programme; Malawi Ministry of Health; Johnson and Johnson; USAID FX The study was supported by grants from the Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01, and SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID P30-AI50410), the University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research (P30-AI50410), the NIH Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program (DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06) and Fogarty International Clinical Research Fellows Program (R24 TW007988), and Ad Astra Fellowship from University College Dublin, Ireland. The Call to Action PMTCT program was supported by the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation Call to Action and International Leadership Awards, UNICEF, World Food Programme, Malawi Ministry of Health, Johnson and Johnson, and USAID. The non-government funders had no role in the design, implementation, analysis and interpretation of the data. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 54 IS 4 BP 318 EP 320 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.05.003 PG 3 WC Virology SC Virology GA 973QK UT WOS:000306374700006 PM 22658797 ER PT J AU Jeng, K Massire, C Zembower, TR Deyde, VM Gubareva, LV Hsieh, YH Rothman, RE Sampath, R Penugonda, S Metzgar, D Blyn, LB Hardick, J Gaydos, CA AF Jeng, Kevin Massire, Christian Zembower, Teresa R. Deyde, Varough M. Gubareva, Larisa V. Hsieh, Yu-Hsiang Rothman, Richard E. Sampath, Rangarajan Penugonda, Sudhir Metzgar, David Blyn, Lawrence B. Hardick, Justin Gaydos, Charlotte A. TI Monitoring seasonal influenza A evolution: Rapid 2009 pandemic H1N1 surveillance with an reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction/electro-spray ionization mass spectrometry assay SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Influenza; PCR; Mass spectrometry ID VIRUS AB Background: The emergence of the pandemic H1N1 influenza strain in 2009 reinforced the need for improved influenza surveillance efforts. A previously described influenza typing assay that utilizes RTPCR coupled to electro-spray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) played an early role in the discovery of the pandemic H1N1 influenza strain, and has potential application for monitoring viral genetic diversity in ongoing influenza surveillance efforts. Objectives: To determine the analytical sensitivity of RT-PCR/ESI-MS influenza typing assay for identifying the pandemic H1N1 strain and describe its ability to assess viral genetic diversity. Study design: Two sets of pandemic H1N1 samples, 190 collected between April and June of 2009, and 69 collected between October 2009 and January 2010, were processed by the RT-PCR/ESI-MS influenza typing assay, and the spectral results were compared to reference laboratory results and historical sequencing data from the Nucleotide Database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Results: Strain typing concordance with reference standard testing was 100% in both sample sets, and the assay demonstrated a significant increase in influenza genetic diversity, from 10.5% non-wildtype genotypes in early samples to 69.9% in late samples (P < 0.001). An NCBI search demonstrated a similar increase, from 13.4% to 45.2% (P < 0.001). Conclusions: This comparison of early versus late influenza samples analyzed by RT-PCR/ESI-MS demonstrates the influenza typing assay's ability as a universal influenza detection platform to provide high-fidelity pH1N1 strain identification over time, despite increasing genetic diversity in the circulating virus. The genotyping data can also be leveraged for high-throughput influenza surveillance. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jeng, Kevin; Hsieh, Yu-Hsiang; Rothman, Richard E.; Hardick, Justin; Gaydos, Charlotte A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Jeng, Kevin] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. [Massire, Christian; Sampath, Rangarajan; Metzgar, David; Blyn, Lawrence B.] Ibis Biosci, Genom & Computat Biol, Carlsbad, CA USA. [Zembower, Teresa R.; Penugonda, Sudhir] Northwestern Univ, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Deyde, Varough M.; Gubareva, Larisa V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jeng, K (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM Kevin.jeng@duke.edu OI Rothman, Richard/0000-0002-1017-9505 FU Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; Mid-Atlantic Regional Center for Excellence grant [U54 AI057168-06]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease and a Preparedness and Catastrophe Emergency Response grant [2010-ST_061 PA0001]; U.S. Department of Homeland Security [108822] FX This work was supported by a grant from the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation to the Johns Hopkins University to fund Clinical Research Fellow Kevin Jeng. This study was also funded by Mid-Atlantic Regional Center for Excellence grant U54 AI057168-06 (Richard Rothman) from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease and a Preparedness and Catastrophe Emergency Response grant 2010-ST_061 PA0001; 108822 from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (Charlotte Gaydos, Justin Hardick). NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 54 IS 4 BP 332 EP 336 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.05.002 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 973QK UT WOS:000306374700009 PM 22673129 ER PT J AU Concannon, TW Meissner, P Grunbaum, JA McElwee, N Guise, JM Santa, J Conway, PH Daudelin, D Morrato, EH Leslie, LK AF Concannon, Thomas W. Meissner, Paul Grunbaum, Jo Anne McElwee, Newell Guise, Jeanne-Marie Santa, John Conway, Patrick H. Daudelin, Denise Morrato, Elaine H. Leslie, Laurel K. TI A New Taxonomy for Stakeholder Engagement in Patient-Centered Outcomes Research SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE stakeholders; research; guidance ID CLINICAL-TRIALS; HEALTH; IMPROVE; CARE; MINORITY; QUALITY; ROUTE; RISK; NEED AB Despite widespread agreement that stakeholder engagement is needed in patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR), no taxonomy exists to guide researchers and policy makers on how to address this need. We followed an iterative process, including several stages of stakeholder review, to address three questions: (1) Who are the stakeholders in PCOR? (2) What roles and responsibilities can stakeholders have in PCOR? (3) How can researchers start engaging stakeholders? We introduce a flexible taxonomy called the 7Ps of Stakeholder Engagement and Six Stages of Research for identifying stakeholders and developing engagement strategies across the full spectrum of research activities. The path toward engagement will not be uniform across every research program, but this taxonomy offers a common starting point and a flexible approach. C1 [Concannon, Thomas W.; Daudelin, Denise; Leslie, Laurel K.] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Meissner, Paul] Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Off Med Director Res, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Grunbaum, Jo Anne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Res Ctr Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [McElwee, Newell] Merck & Co Inc, US Outcomes Res, N Wales, PA USA. [Guise, Jeanne-Marie] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Santa, John] Consumer Reports, Hlth Ratings Ctr, Yonkers, NY USA. [Conway, Patrick H.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Conway, Patrick H.] Ctr Medicare & Medicaid Serv, Baltimore, MD USA. [Morrato, Elaine H.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Colorado Hlth Outcomes Program, Aurora, CO USA. [Morrato, Elaine H.] Univ Colorado, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Syst Management & Policy, Aurora, CO USA. [Concannon, Thomas W.; Daudelin, Denise; Leslie, Laurel K.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Concannon, TW (reprint author), Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, 800 Washington St 063, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM tconcannon@tuftsmedicalcenter.org RI Concannon, Thomas/A-1610-2013 FU National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), National Institutes of Health (NIH) [UL1 RR025752]; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [K01 HS017726, K12HS019464] FX This project was funded in whole or in part with federal funds from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), through the Clinical and Translational Science Awards Program (CTSA), part of the Roadmap Initiative, Re-Engineering the Clinical Research Enterprise. This publication was supported by grant no. UL1 RR025752 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Dr. Concannon was supported by grant no. K01 HS017726 from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Dr. Morrato's effort was supported by grant no. K12HS019464 from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. NR 44 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 27 IS 8 BP 985 EP 991 DI 10.1007/s11606-012-2037-1 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 974LB UT WOS:000306435500016 PM 22528615 ER PT J AU Sauber-Schatz, EK Sappenfield, W Hernandez, L Freeman, KM Barfield, W Bensyl, DM AF Sauber-Schatz, Erin K. Sappenfield, William Hernandez, Leticia Freeman, Karen M. Barfield, Wanda Bensyl, Diana M. TI Reasons for the Increasing Hispanic Infant Mortality Rate: Florida, 2004-2007 SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Infant mortality; Hispanic Americans; Florida; Birth certificates; Death certificates ID UNITED-STATES; DEATH CERTIFICATES; POPULATION; HEALTH; ADVANTAGE; PARADOX AB Assess whether the 55% increase in Florida's Hispanic infant mortality rate (HIMR) during 2004-2007 was real or artifactual. Using linked data from Florida resident live births and infant deaths for 2004-2007, we calculated traditional (infant Hispanic ethnicity from death certificates and maternal Hispanic ethnicity from birth certificates) and nontraditional (infant and maternal Hispanic ethnicity from birth certificate maternal ethnicity) HIMRs. We assessed trends in HIMRs (per 1,000 live births) using Chi-square statistics. We tested agreement in Hispanic ethnicity after implementation of a revised 2005 death certificate by using kappa statistics and used logistic regression to test the associations of infant mortality risk factors. Hispanic was defined as being of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central/South American, or other/unknown Hispanic origin. During 2004-2007 traditional HIMR increased 55%, from 4.0 to 6.2 (Chi-square, P < 0.001) and nontraditional HIMR increased 20%, from 4.5 to 5.4 (Chi-square, P = 0.03). During 2004-2005, agreement in Hispanic ethnicity did not change with use of the revised certificate (kappa = 0.70 in 2004; kappa = 0.76 in 2005). Birth weight was the most significant risk factor for trends in Hispanic infant mortality (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.10-1.61). Differences in Hispanic reporting on revised death certificates likely accounted for the majority of traditional HIMR increase, indicating a primarily artifactual increase. Reasons for the 20% increase in nontraditional HIMR during 2004-2007 should be further explored through other individual and community factors. Use of nontraditional HIMRs, which use a consistent source of Hispanic classification, should be considered. C1 [Sauber-Schatz, Erin K.; Sappenfield, William; Hernandez, Leticia] Florida Dept Hlth, Div Family Hlth Serv, MCH Practice & Anal Unit, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. [Sauber-Schatz, Erin K.; Bensyl, Diana M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, EIS Field Assignments Branch, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Freeman, Karen M.] Florida Dept Hlth, Bur Community Hlth Assessment, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. [Barfield, Wanda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Sauber-Schatz, EK (reprint author), Florida Dept Hlth, Div Family Hlth Serv, MCH Practice & Anal Unit, 4052 Bald Cypress Way Bin A13, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. EM ESauberSchatz@cdc.gov; Bill_Sappenfield@doh.state.fl.us; Leticia_Hernandez@doh.state.fl.us; Karen_Freeman@doh.state.fl.us; WBarfield@cdc.gov; Diana.Bensyl@cdc.hhs.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1188 EP 1196 DI 10.1007/s10995-011-0891-9 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 974LW UT WOS:000306438000007 PM 22009443 ER PT J AU Schrag, SJ Cutland, CL Zell, ER Kuwanda, L Buchmann, EJ Velaphi, SC Groome, MJ Madhi, SA AF Schrag, Stephanie J. Cutland, Clare L. Zell, Elizabeth R. Kuwanda, Locadiah Buchmann, Eckhart J. Velaphi, Sithembiso C. Groome, Michelle J. Madhi, Shabir A. CA PoPS Trial Team TI Risk Factors for Neonatal Sepsis and Perinatal Death Among Infants Enrolled in the Prevention of Perinatal Sepsis Trial, Soweto, South Africa SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE group B streptococcus; newborns; sepsis; pneumonia ID B STREPTOCOCCAL DISEASE; STRATEGIES; MORTALITY; BIRTH AB Background: Factors associated with neonatal sepsis, an important cause of child mortality, are poorly described in Africa. We characterized factors associated with early-onset (days 0-2 of life) and late-onset (days 3-28) sepsis and perinatal death among infants enrolled in the Prevention of Perinatal Sepsis Trial (NCT00136370 at ClinicalTrials.gov), Soweto, South Africa. Methods: Secondary analysis of 8011 enrolled mothers and their neonates. Prenatal and labor records were abstracted and neonatal wards were monitored for hospitalized Prevention of Perinatal Sepsis-enrolled neonates. Endpoint definitions required clinical and laboratory signs. All univariate factors associated with endpoints at P < 0.15 were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. Results: About 10.5% (837/8011) of women received intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis; 3.8% of enrolled versus 15% of hospital births were preterm. Among 8129 infants, 289 had early-onset sepsis, 34 had late-onset sepsis, 49 had culture-confirmed neonatal sepsis and 71 died in the perinatal period. Factors associated with early-onset sepsis included preterm delivery [ adjusted relative risk (aRR) = 2.6; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4-4.8]; low birth weight (< 1500 g: aRR = 6.5, 95% CI: 2.4-17.3); meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) (aRR = 2.8, 95% CI: 2.2-3.7) and first birth (aRR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.4-2.3). Preterm, low birth weight, MSAF and first birth were similarly associated with perinatal death and culture-confirmed sepsis. MSAF (aRR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.1-5.0) was associated with late-onset sepsis. Conclusions: Preterm and low birth weight were important sepsis risk factors. MSAF and first birth were also associated with sepsis and death, warranting further exploration. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis did not protect against all-cause sepsis or death, underscoring the need for alternate prevention strategies. C1 [Schrag, Stephanie J.; Zell, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cutland, Clare L.; Kuwanda, Locadiah; Groome, Michelle J.; Madhi, Shabir A.] Univ Witwatersrand, Natl Res Fdn Vaccine Preventable Dis, Dept Sci & Technol, Soweto, South Africa. [Cutland, Clare L.; Kuwanda, Locadiah; Groome, Michelle J.; Madhi, Shabir A.] Univ Witwatersrand, MRC, Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, Soweto, South Africa. [Buchmann, Eckhart J.] Univ Witwatersrand, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Soweto, South Africa. [Velaphi, Sithembiso C.] Univ Witwatersrand, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hosp, Dept Paediat, Div Neonatol, Soweto, South Africa. RP Schrag, SJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS C25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sschrag@cdc.gov FU US Agency for International Development, National Vaccine Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group via CDC [U50/CCU021960, 5U01CI000318]; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [39415] FX The study was funded by the US Agency for International Development, National Vaccine Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group via CDC Cooperative Agreement numbers U50/CCU021960 and 5U01CI000318, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Grant number 39415. The sponsors of the study had no role in study design, data gathering, analysis, interpretation, dissemination or in the decision to submit this report for publication. The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 23 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 31 IS 8 BP 821 EP 826 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e31825c4b5a PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 976HR UT WOS:000306572500012 PM 22565291 ER PT J AU Dow, A Kayira, D Hudgens, M Van Rie, A King, CC Ellington, S Kourtis, A Turner, AN Meshnick, S Kacheche, Z Jamieson, DJ Chasela, C van der Horst, C AF Dow, Anna Kayira, Dumbani Hudgens, Michael Van Rie, Annelies King, Caroline C. Ellington, Sascha Kourtis, Athena Turner, Abigail Norris Meshnick, Steven Kacheche, Zebrone Jamieson, Denise J. Chasela, Charles van der Horst, Charles TI Effects of Cotrimoxazole Prophylactic Treatment on Adverse Health Outcomes Among HIV-exposed, Uninfected Infants SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE HIV; malaria; cotrimoxazole; infants ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS; INSECTICIDE-TREATED BEDNETS; OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS; TRANSMISSION INTENSITY; HIV-1-INFECTED ADULTS; FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; PLACENTAL-TRANSFER; CLINICAL-TRIAL; RURAL UGANDA AB Background: The World Health Organization guidelines recommend cotrimoxazole prophylactic treatment (CPT) for all HIV-exposed infants from age 6 weeks to the cessation of breastfeeding and the exclusion of HIV infection. There are limited data on the effects of CPT among this population of infants. We examined the effects of CPT on adverse health outcomes among HIV-exposed infants during the first 36 weeks of life using data from the Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals and Nutrition study, a large clinical trial of antiretroviral drugs given to the mother or infant for the prevention of HIV transmission during breastfeeding. Methods: For the analysis, we assigned a status of CPT-exposed to infants who were participating in the study after the CPT program started. We estimated unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios for the effect of CPT status on time to incident malaria, severe illness or death, anemia, and weight-for-age Z score < -2.0. Participation in the study was limited to focus exclusively on HIV-exposed, uninfected infants. Results: The hazard ratio for the effect of CPT on incident malaria was 0.35 (95% confidence interval: 0.21, 0.57) during the first 10 weeks of CPT exposure and 0.93 (95% confidence interval: 0.67, 1.29) for the remaining 20 weeks. CPT was not associated with the other outcomes examined. Conclusions: CPT offered temporary protection against malaria among HIV-exposed, uninfected infants. However, CPT offered no protection against anemia, low weight for age or the collapsed outcome of severe illness or death. C1 [Dow, Anna; Van Rie, Annelies; Meshnick, Steven] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Kayira, Dumbani; Kacheche, Zebrone; Chasela, Charles] Univ N Carolina Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Hudgens, Michael] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [King, Caroline C.; Ellington, Sascha; Kourtis, Athena; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Turner, Abigail Norris] Ohio State Univ, Div Infect Dis, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [van der Horst, Charles] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Dow, A (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, CB 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM adow@email.unc.edu RI Van Rie, Annelies/C-2082-2017 OI Van Rie, Annelies/0000-0001-7666-3263 FU Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01, SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [NIAID P30-AI50410]; University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research [P30-AI50410]; NIH Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program [DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06]; Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation Call; UNICEF; World Food Programme; Malawi Ministry of Health; Johnson and Johnson; USAID FX The BAN study was supported by grants from the Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01 and SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID P30-AI50410), the University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research (P30-AI50410), and the NIH Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program (DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06). The antiretrovirals used in the BAN study were donated by Abbott Laboratories, GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Roche Pharmaceuticals and Bristol-Myers Squibb. The Call to Action PMTCT program was supported by the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation Call to Action and International Leadership Awards, UNICEF, World Food Programme, Malawi Ministry of Health, Johnson and Johnson, and USAID. The nongovernment funders had no role in the design, implementation, analysis and interpretation of the data. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 36 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 31 IS 8 BP 842 EP 847 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e31825c124a PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 976HR UT WOS:000306572500016 PM 22801093 ER PT J AU Schmidt, DS Bieging, KT Gomez-de-Leon, P Villasenor-Sierra, A Inostroza, J Robbins, JB Schneerson, R Carlone, GM Romero-Steiner, S AF Schmidt, Daniel S. Bieging, Kathryn T. Gomez-de-Leon, Patricia Villasenor-Sierra, Alberto Inostroza, Jaime Robbins, John B. Schneerson, Rachel Carlone, George M. Romero-Steiner, Sandra TI MEASUREMENT OF HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE A CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE ANTIBODIES IN CORD BLOOD SERA SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Haemophilus influenzae type a; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; anticapsular antibodies ID CONJUGATE VACCINE; DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CHILDREN; UTAH AB We measured anti-Haemophilus influenzae type a capsular polysaccharide serum immunoglobulin G antibodies in cord blood sera from Mexican (n = 68) and Chilean mothers (n = 72) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Measurable antibodies were found in 79.3% of samples. Immunoglobulin G antibodies correlated with serum bactericidal activity (r = 0.66). This enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay can be used for the evaluation of adaptive immune responses to Haemophilus influenzae type a and serosurveillance studies in populations at risk. C1 [Romero-Steiner, Sandra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Immunol Labs, MVPDB DBD NCIRD CCID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gomez-de-Leon, Patricia] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Salud Publ, Fac Med, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Villasenor-Sierra, Alberto] IMSS, CIBO, Guadalajara, Jal, Mexico. [Inostroza, Jaime] Univ La Frontera, Fac Med, Dept Basic Sci, Dr Hernan A Henriquez Hosp,Immunol Lab, Temuco, Chile. [Robbins, John B.; Schneerson, Rachel] NICHHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Romero-Steiner, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Immunol Labs, MVPDB DBD NCIRD CCID, Bldg 18,Room B-105,MS A-36,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Ssteiner@cdc.gov OI Romero-Steiner, Sandra/0000-0003-4128-7768 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 HD999999] NR 11 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 31 IS 8 BP 876 EP 878 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e31825ab166 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 976HR UT WOS:000306572500026 PM 22549435 ER PT J AU Mayer, J Greene, T Howell, J Ying, J Rubin, MA Trick, WE Samore, MH AF Mayer, Jeanmarie Greene, Tom Howell, Janelle Ying, Jian Rubin, Michael A. Trick, William E. Samore, Matthew H. CA CDC Prevention Epictr Program TI Agreement in Classifying Bloodstream Infections Among Multiple Reviewers Conducting Surveillance SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA; CARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS; CENTRAL-LINE; AUTOMATED SURVEILLANCE; HEALTH; RATES; DEFINITIONS; PERFORMANCE; VALIDATION; HOSPITALS AB Background. Mandatory reporting of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) is increasing. Evidence for agreement among different reviewers applying HAI surveillance criteria is limited. We aim to characterize agreement among infection preventionists (IPs) conducting surveillance for central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) with each other and as compared with simplified laboratory-based definitions. Methods. Abstracted electronic health records were assembled from inpatients with positive blood cultures at a tertiary-care Veterans Affairs (VA) hospital over a 5-year period. Identical patient records were made available to VA IPs from different facilities to report on CLABSI using their usual surveillance methods. Positive blood cultures were also evaluated using laboratory-based definitions. Standard indices of interrater agreement, expressed as a. statistic, were computed between IPs, and between IPs and simplified laboratory-based methods. Results. Overall, 114 patient records were reviewed by 18 IPs, the majority of whom specified they followed National Healthcare Safety Network criteria. The overall agreement among IPs by. statistic was 0.42 (standard error [SE], 0.06). IPs had better agreement with a simple laboratory-based definition with an average. of 0.55 (SE, 0.05). The proportion of patient records that 18 IPs reported with CLABSI ranged from 14% to 39% (overall mean, 28% with a coefficient of variation of 25%). When simple laboratory-based methods were applied to different sets of patient records, classification was more consistent with CLABSI assigned in a proportion ranging from 36% to 42% (overall mean, 39%). Conclusions. Reliability of IP-conducted surveillance to identify HAI may not be ideal for public reporting goals of interhospital comparisons. C1 [Mayer, Jeanmarie] Univ Utah, Div Epidemiol, Sch Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. [Howell, Janelle; Rubin, Michael A.; Samore, Matthew H.] Salt Lake City Vet Affairs Med Ctr IDEAS Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Trick, William E.] John H Stroger Jr Hosp Cook Cty, Chicago, IL USA. [CDC Prevention Epictr Program] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mayer, J (reprint author), Univ Utah, Div Epidemiol, Sch Med, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. EM jeanmarie.mayer@hsc.utah.edu FU CDC [1 U01 CI000334-1, 07 FED 706506] FX This work was supported by the CDC via funding for the Utah CDC Prevention Epicenter (1 U01 CI000334-1) and VA CDC Prevention Epicenter (07 FED 706506). NR 33 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 3 BP 364 EP 370 DI 10.1093/cid/cis410 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 973MN UT WOS:000306364300010 PM 22539665 ER PT J AU Seward, JF Orenstein, WA AF Seward, Jane F. Orenstein, Walter A. TI A Rare Event: A Measles Outbreak in a Population With High 2-Dose Measles Vaccine Coverage SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; ELIMINATION; IMMUNIZATION; ANTIBODIES; RUBELLA; MUMPS; PERSISTENCE; PROGRAM; FINLAND; SCHOOL C1 [Seward, Jane F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Orenstein, Walter A.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Seward, JF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jseward@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 3 BP 403 EP 405 DI 10.1093/cid/cis445 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 973MN UT WOS:000306364300015 PM 22543021 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, A Craig, M Cardo, D AF Srinivasan, Arjun Craig, Michael Cardo, Denise TI The Power of Policy Change, Federal Collaboration, and State Coordination in Healthcare-Associated Infection Prevention SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; UNITS AB Policymakers have prioritized the prevention of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) as a double-win that can both improve health outcomes and reduce healthcare costs. In the past few years, state and federal policymakers have developed policies to improve coordination and promote transparency and prevention. At the federal level, congressional oversight, policy directives, and targeted funding have helped focus national HAI prevention efforts through the Department of Health and Human Services Action Plan to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections. The development of this action plan and the collaboration of its implementing agencies-the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality-have heightened nationwide awareness of HAIs and their preventability, and provided an infrastructure and tools to reduce HAIs. State policymakers have also acted to promote local transparency and tailor prevention efforts to local needs. The collaboration and action generated by these state and federal efforts have helped accelerate HAI prevention across the United States. C1 [Srinivasan, Arjun; Cardo, Denise] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Craig, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Associate Director Policy, Washington, DC USA. RP Srinivasan, A (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-07, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM beu8@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 3 BP 426 EP 431 DI 10.1093/cid/cis407 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 973MN UT WOS:000306364300020 PM 22523266 ER PT J AU Fao, P Fao, P Ky-Zerbo, O Gouem, C Somda, P Hien, H Ouedraogo, PE Kania, D Sanou, A Kossiwavi, IA Sanogo, B Ouedraogo, M Siribie, I Valea, D Ouedraogo, S Some, R Rouet, F Rollins, N McFetridge, L Naidu, K Luchters, S Reyners, M Irungu, E Katingima, C Mwaura, M Ouattara, G Mandaliya, K Wambua, S Thiongo, M Nduati, R Kose, J Njagi, E Mwaura, P Newell, ML Mepham, S Viljoen, J Bland, R Mthethwa, L Bazin, B Rekacewicz, C Taylor, A Flowers, N Thigpen, M Fowler, MG Jamieson, D Mofenson, LM Read, JS Bork, K Cames, C Cournil, A Claeys, P Temmerman, M Luchters, S Van de Perre, P Becquart, P Foulongne, V Segondy, M de Vincenzi, I Gaillard, P Farley, T Habib, N Landoulsi, S AF Fao, Paulin Fao, Paulin Ky-Zerbo, Odette Gouem, Clarisse Somda, Paulin Hien, Herve Ouedraogo, Patrice Elysee Kania, Dramane Sanou, Armande Kossiwavi, Ida Ayassou Sanogo, Bintou Ouedraogo, Moussa Siribie, Issa Valea, Diane Ouedraogo, Sayouba Some, Roseline Rouet, Francois Rollins, Nigel McFetridge, Lynne Naidu, Kevi Luchters, Stanley Reyners, Marcel Irungu, Eunice Katingima, Christine Mwaura, Mary Ouattara, Gina Mandaliya, Kishor Wambua, Sammy Thiongo, Mary Nduati, Ruth Kose, Judith Njagi, Ephantus Mwaura, Peter Newell, Marie-Louise Mepham, Stephen Viljoen, Johannes Bland, Ruth Mthethwa, Londiwe Bazin, Brigitte Rekacewicz, Claire Taylor, Allan Flowers, Nicole Thigpen, Michael Fowler, Mary Glenn Jamieson, Denise Mofenson, Lynne M. Read, Jennifer S. Bork, Kirsten Cames, Cecile Cournil, Amandine Claeys, Patricia Temmerman, Marleen Luchters, Stanley Van de Perre, Philippe Becquart, Pierre Foulongne, Vincent Segondy, Michel de Vincenzi, Isabelle Gaillard, Philippe Farley, Tim Habib, Ndema Landoulsi, Sihem CA Kesho Bora Study Grp TI Maternal HIV-1 Disease Progression 18-24 Months Postdelivery According to Antiretroviral Prophylaxis Regimen (Triple-Antiretroviral Prophylaxis During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding vs Zidovudine/Single-Dose Nevirapine Prophylaxis): The Kesho Bora Randomized Controlled Trial SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INFECTED ADULTS; TRANSMISSION; INTERRUPTION; THERAPY; WOMEN AB Background. Antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis effectively reduces mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV). However, it is unclear whether stopping ARVs after breastfeeding cessation affects maternal HIV disease progression. We assessed 18-24-month postpartum disease progression risk among women in a randomized trial assessing efficacy and safety of prophylactic maternal ARVs. Methods. From 2005 to 2008, HIV-infected pregnant women with CD4(+) counts of 200-500/mm(3) were randomized to receive either triple ARV (zidovudine, lamivudine, and lopinavir/ritonavir during pregnancy and breastfeeding) or AZT/sdNVP (zidovudine until delivery with single-dose nevirapine without postpartum prophylaxis). Maternal disease progression was defined as the combined endpoint of death, World Health Organization clinical stage 4 disease, or CD4(+) counts of <200/mm(3). Results. Among 824 randomized women, 789 had at least 1 study visit after cessation of ARV prophylaxis. Following delivery, progression risk up to 24 months postpartum in the triple ARV arm was significantly lower than in the AZT/sdNVP arm (15.7% vs 28.3%; P = .001), but the risks of progression after cessation of ARV prophylaxis (rather than after delivery) were not different (15.0% vs 13.8% 18 months after ARV cessation). Among women with CD4(+) counts of 200-349/mm(3) at enrollment, 24.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 15.7-35.5) progressed with triple ARV, and 23.0% (95% CI, 17.8-29.5) progressed with AZT/sdNVP, whereas few women in either arm (<5%) with initial CD4(+) counts of >= 350/mm(3) progressed. Conclusions. Interrupting prolonged triple ARV prophylaxis had no effect on HIV progression following cessation (compared with AZT/sdNVP). However, women on triple ARV prophylaxis had lower progression risk during the time on triple ARV. Given the high rate of progression among women with CD4(+) cells of <350/mm(3), ARVs should not be discontinued in this group. C1 [Fao, Paulin; Fao, Paulin; Ky-Zerbo, Odette; Gouem, Clarisse; Somda, Paulin; Hien, Herve; Ouedraogo, Patrice Elysee; Kania, Dramane; Sanou, Armande; Kossiwavi, Ida Ayassou; Sanogo, Bintou; Ouedraogo, Moussa; Siribie, Issa; Valea, Diane; Ouedraogo, Sayouba; Some, Roseline; Rouet, Francois; Kesho Bora Study Grp] Ctr Muraz, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. [Rollins, Nigel; McFetridge, Lynne; Naidu, Kevi] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa. [Luchters, Stanley; Reyners, Marcel; Irungu, Eunice; Katingima, Christine; Mwaura, Mary; Ouattara, Gina; Mandaliya, Kishor; Wambua, Sammy; Thiongo, Mary] Int Ctr Reprod Hlth, Mombasa, Kenya. [Nduati, Ruth; Kose, Judith; Njagi, Ephantus; Mwaura, Peter] Network AIDS Researchers E & So Africa, Nairobi, Kenya. [Newell, Marie-Louise; Mepham, Stephen; Viljoen, Johannes; Bland, Ruth; Mthethwa, Londiwe] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Africa Ctr Hlth & Populat Studies, Somkhele, South Africa. [Taylor, Allan; Flowers, Nicole; Thigpen, Michael; Fowler, Mary Glenn; Jamieson, Denise] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mofenson, Lynne M.; Read, Jennifer S.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Bork, Kirsten; Cames, Cecile; Cournil, Amandine] IRD, Montpellier, France. [Claeys, Patricia; Temmerman, Marleen; Luchters, Stanley] Univ Ghent, ICRH, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Van de Perre, Philippe; Becquart, Pierre; Foulongne, Vincent; Segondy, Michel] Univ Montpellier I, EA Transmiss Pathogenese & Prevent Infect VIH 420, CHU Montpellier, Lab Bacteriol Virol, Montpellier, France. [de Vincenzi, Isabelle; Gaillard, Philippe; Farley, Tim; Habib, Ndema; Landoulsi, Sihem] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Fao, P (reprint author), Ctr Muraz, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. RI Van de Perre, Philippe/B-9692-2008 OI Van de Perre, Philippe/0000-0002-3912-0427 FU Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le Sida et les hepatites virales; Department for International Development; European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership; Thrasher Research Fund; Belgian Directorate General for International Cooperation; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; UNDP/UNFPA/World Bank/WHO Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction FX Financial support was provided by Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le Sida et les hepatites virales; Department for International Development; European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership; Thrasher Research Fund; Belgian Directorate General for International Cooperation; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and UNDP/UNFPA/World Bank/WHO Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction. NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 3 BP 449 EP 460 DI 10.1093/cid/cis461 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 973MN UT WOS:000306364300023 ER PT J AU Garg, S Chaves, SS Perez, A D'Mello, T Gershman, K Meek, J Yousey-Hindes, K Arnold, KE Farley, MM Tengelsen, L Ryan, P Sharangpani, R Lynfield, R Morin, C Baumbach, J Hancock, EB Zansky, S Bennett, NM Fowler, B Bradley, K Thomas, A Cooper, T Schaffner, W Boulton, R Finelli, L Fry, AM AF Garg, Shikha Chaves, Sandra S. Perez, Alejandro D'Mello, Tiffany Gershman, Ken Meek, James Yousey-Hindes, Kimberly Arnold, Kathryn E. Farley, Monica M. Tengelsen, Leslie Ryan, Patricia Sharangpani, Ruta Lynfield, Ruth Morin, Craig Baumbach, Joan Hancock, Emily B. Zansky, Shelley Bennett, Nancy M. Fowler, Brian Bradley, Kristy Thomas, Ann Cooper, Tara Schaffner, William Boulton, Rachelle Finelli, Lyn Fry, Alicia M. TI Reduced Influenza Antiviral Treatment Among Children and Adults Hospitalized With Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Infection in the Year After the 2009 Pandemic SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEASONAL INFLUENZA; UNITED-STATES; CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS; RECOMMENDATIONS; OUTCOMES AB Influenza antiviral treatment is recommended for all persons hospitalized with influenza virus infection. During the 2010-2011 influenza season, antiviral treatment of children and adults hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza declined significantly compared with treatment during the 2009 pandemic (children, 56% vs 77%; adults, 77% vs 82%; both P < .01). C1 [Garg, Shikha; Chaves, Sandra S.; Perez, Alejandro; D'Mello, Tiffany; Finelli, Lyn; Fry, Alicia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Garg, Shikha] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gershman, Ken] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Meek, James; Yousey-Hindes, Kimberly] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Arnold, Kathryn E.] Georgia Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Arnold, Kathryn E.] Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Atlanta VA Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tengelsen, Leslie] Idaho Dept Hlth & Welf, Boise, ID USA. [Ryan, Patricia] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sharangpani, Ruta] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. [Lynfield, Ruth; Morin, Craig] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Baumbach, Joan; Hancock, Emily B.] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Zansky, Shelley] New York State Dept Hlth, Emerging Infect Program, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Bennett, Nancy M.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Med, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Fowler, Brian] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Bradley, Kristy] Oklahoma Dept Hlth, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Cooper, Tara] Rhode Isl Dept Hlth, Providence, RI 02908 USA. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Boulton, Rachelle] Utah Dept Hlth, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. RP Fry, AM (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop A32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM afry@cdc.gov OI Yousey-Hindes, Kimberly/0000-0002-9418-575X FU Emerging Infections Program of the CDC FX Funding for influenza surveillance was provided by the Emerging Infections Program of the CDC. NR 15 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 3 BP E18 EP E21 DI 10.1093/cid/cis442 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 973MN UT WOS:000306364300003 PM 22543024 ER PT J AU Desrosiers, TA Herring, AH Shapira, SK Hooiveld, M Luben, TJ Herdt-Losavio, ML Lin, S Olshan, AF AF Desrosiers, Tania A. Herring, Amy H. Shapira, Stuart K. Hooiveld, Mariette Luben, Tom J. Herdt-Losavio, Michele L. Lin, Shao Olshan, Andrew F. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Paternal occupation and birth defects: findings from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; RISK-FACTORS; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; PARENTAL OCCUPATIONS; RECORD LINKAGE; EXPOSURE; WORK; CLASSIFICATION; METAANALYSIS AB Objectives Several epidemiological studies have suggested that certain paternal occupations may be associated with an increased prevalence of birth defects in offspring. Using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, the authors investigated the association between paternal occupation and birth defects in a case-control study of cases comprising over 60 different types of birth defects (n=9998) and non-malformed controls (n=4066) with dates of delivery between 1997 and 2004. Methods Using paternal occupational histories reported by mothers via telephone interview, jobs were systematically classified into 63 groups based on shared exposure profiles within occupation and industry. Data were analysed using Bayesian logistic regression with a hierarchical prior for dependent shrinkage to stabilise estimation with sparse data. Results Several occupations were associated with an increased prevalence of various birth defect categories, including mathematical, physical and computer scientists; artists; photographers and photo processors; food service workers; landscapers and groundskeepers; hairdressers and cosmetologists; office and administrative support workers; sawmill workers; petroleum and gas workers; chemical workers; printers; material moving equipment operators; and motor vehicle operators. Conclusions Findings from this study might be used to identify specific occupations worthy of further investigation and to generate hypotheses about chemical or physical exposures common to such occupations. C1 [Desrosiers, Tania A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Carolina Ctr Birth Defects Res & Prevent, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Desrosiers, Tania A.] N Carolina Div Publ Hlth, State Ctr Hlth Stat, Birth Defects Monitoring Program, Raleigh, NC USA. [Herring, Amy H.; Olshan, Andrew F.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Shapira, Stuart K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hooiveld, Mariette] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Hooiveld, Mariette] Netherlands Inst Hlth Serv Res, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Luben, Tom J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Herdt-Losavio, Michele L.; Lin, Shao] New York State Dept Hlth, Ctr Environm Hlth, Troy, NY USA. RP Desrosiers, TA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Carolina Ctr Birth Defects Res & Prevent, CB 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM ta_desrosiers@unc.edu OI Lin, Shao/0000-0002-5535-7504 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50CCU422096]; US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P30ES10126] FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (cooperative agreement number U50CCU422096) and the US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (grant number P30ES10126). This manuscript has been approved for submission to Occupational and Environmental Medicine by the National Birth Defects Prevention Study and the National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities. NR 42 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 11 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 EI 1470-7926 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 69 IS 8 BP 534 EP 542 DI 10.1136/oemed-2011-100372 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 973QR UT WOS:000306375400002 PM 22782864 ER PT J AU Loomis, D Dement, JM Elliott, L Richardson, D Kuempel, ED Stayner, L AF Loomis, Dana Dement, John M. Elliott, Leslie Richardson, David Kuempel, Eileen D. Stayner, Leslie TI Increased lung cancer mortality among chrysotile asbestos textile workers is more strongly associated with exposure to long thin fibres SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; NORTH-CAROLINA; HISTORICAL EXPOSURES; COHORT MORTALITY; PHASE-CONTRAST; SOUTH-CAROLINA; DISEASE; RATS; DIMENSIONS; DEPOSITION AB Background Animal data and physical models suggest that the carcinogenicity of asbestos fibres is related to their size and shape. Objectives To investigate the influence of fibre length and diameter on lung cancer risk in workers at asbestos textile mills in North Carolina and South Carolina, USA. Methods Men and women (n=6136) who worked >= 30 days in production and were employed between 1940 and 1973 were enumerated and followed for vital status through 2003. A matrix of fibre size-specific exposure estimates was constructed using determinations of fibre numbers and dimensions through analysis of 160 historical dust samples by transmission electron microscopy. Associations of lung cancer mortality with metrics of fibre exposure were estimated by Poisson regression with adjustment for age, sex, race and calendar year. Results Exposure to fibres throughout the range of length and diameter was significantly associated with increased risk of lung cancer. Models for fibres >5 mu m long and <0.25 mu m in diameter provided the best fit to the data, while fibres 5-10 mu m long and <0.25 mu m in diameter were associated most strongly with lung cancer mortality (log rate about 4% per IQR, p <0.001). When indicators of mean fibre length and diameter were modelled simultaneously, lung cancer risk increased as fibre length increased and diameter decreased. Conclusions The findings support the hypothesis that the occurrence of lung cancer is associated most strongly with exposure to long thin asbestos fibres. The relationship of cancer risk and fibre dimensions should be examined in cohorts exposed to other types of fibres. C1 [Loomis, Dana; Elliott, Leslie] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Omaha, NE USA. [Dement, John M.] Duke Univ Med Ctr, Dept Community & Family Med, Div Occupat & Environm Med, Durham, NC USA. [Richardson, David] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kuempel, Eileen D.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Stayner, Leslie] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Chicago, IL USA. RP Loomis, D (reprint author), 984395 Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Coll Publ Hlth, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. EM dana.loomis@unmc.edu FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (USA) [R01-OH007803] FX Support for this research was provided by grant R01-OH007803 from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (USA). NR 24 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 11 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 69 IS 8 BP 564 EP 568 DI 10.1136/oemed-2012-100676 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 973QR UT WOS:000306375400006 PM 22581965 ER PT J AU Sexton, CJ Costenbader, EC Dang, TNV Chen, PL Hoang, TV Nguyen, THL Feldblum, P Kim, A Giang, LT AF Sexton, Connie J. Costenbader, Elizabeth C. Dang Thi Nhat Vinh Chen, Pai Lien Tran Vu Hoang Nguyen Thi Hoang Lan Feldblum, Paul Kim, Andrea Le Truong Giang TI Correlation of Prospective and Cross-Sectional Measures of HIV Type 1 Incidence in a Higher-Risk Cohort in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID CAPTURE ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; ANTIBODY AVIDITY; INFECTION; PREVENTION; SUBTYPES; TRENDS AB The primary aim of this study was to estimate HIV incidence within a high-risk population in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam using both cross-sectional and prospective methodologies. A secondary aim was to develop a local correction factor for the BED and avidity index incidence assays. The research study design consisted of three phases: (1) cross-sectional, (2) prospective, and (3) BED false recent (BED FR). A total of 1619 high-risk, sexually active individuals were enrolled in the cross-sectional phase and 355 of the opiate-negative, HIV-negative women were subsequently enrolled in the prospective phase. Four-hundred and three men and women with known HIV infection duration of greater than 12 months were enrolled in the BED FR phase. The HIV prevalence for all participants in the cross-sectional phase was 15.8%. HIV incidence in the cross-sectional group was estimated using the BED IgG capture assay and AxSYM avidity index assay for recent HIV infection and incidence within the prospective cohort was determined by observations of HIV seroconversion. HIV incidence in opiate-negative women was estimated using the BED assay to be 0.8% unadjusted and 0.5% after applying the locally derived BED false recent rate of 1.7%; no seroconversions were observed in the prospective cohort. We also screened the cross-sectional samples for evidence of acute infection using nucleic acid testing, 4th generation HIV EIA, and SMARTube coupled with Genscreen and Determine diagnostic tests; no confirmed acute infections were identified by any method. HIV incidence within this opiate-negative study population was low and incidence estimates from the two methods compared favorably with each other. Incidence estimates and false recent rates using the AxSYM assay were higher: AI FRR of 2.7% and adjusted incidence of 1.7% per year (95% CI, 0.6, 2.8). By comparison, both HIV prevalence and incidence estimates for the opiate-positive group were higher. C1 [Costenbader, Elizabeth C.] FHI, Behav & Social Sci Dept, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Dang Thi Nhat Vinh; Tran Vu Hoang] FHI Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Nguyen Thi Hoang Lan] CPM, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. [Kim, Andrea] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Le Truong Giang] PAC, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. RP Costenbader, EC (reprint author), FHI, Behav & Social Sci Dept, POB 13950, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM bcostenbader@fhi360.org FU USAID [GPO-A-00-05-00022-00]; Contraceptive and Reproductive Health Technologies Research and Utilization (CRTU) Program; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-20074-05314]; Provincial AIDS Committee; People's Committee; Medical Research Center; Center for Preventative Medicine (CPM) laboratory; FHI/Vietnam office; FHI/Bangkok office FX This work is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the U. S. Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents are the responsibility of FHI and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. Financial assistance was provided by USAID under the terms of Cooperative Agreement No. GPO-A-00-05-00022-00, the Contraceptive and Reproductive Health Technologies Research and Utilization (CRTU) Program. Additional funding was also provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under contract no. 200-20074-05314, Task Order #7. For support of the study, we thank the Provincial AIDS Committee, the People's Committee, the Medical Research Center, the Center for Preventative Medicine (CPM) laboratory, the FHI/Vietnam office, and the FHI/Bangkok office. We would also like to acknowledge the contributions of all of the following individuals to the successful completion of this study and the preparation of this manuscript: FHI Vietnam Country Director Steve Mills, the SIDI VN site teams, Nguyen Thi Xuan Hai, Duong Dinh Cong, Vo Thi Xuan Hanh, Nguyen Thi Ngoc Bich, Shelly Fischer, Motiur Rahman, Margaret Farrell-Ross, Sola Park, Thuy Nguyen Xuan, Dao Duc Giang, and all of the SIDI Study Participants from HCMC. We also thank David Sokal and Laneta Dorflinger and Tim Mastro for valuable input and Bharat Parekh and Tamar Jehuda-Cohen for helpful discussions. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 EI 1931-8405 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 28 IS 8 BP 866 EP 873 DI 10.1089/aid.2011.0221 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 977SA UT WOS:000306683600019 PM 21936716 ER PT J AU DeLong, AK Wu, MH Bennett, D Parkin, N Wu, ZJ Hogan, JW Kantor, R AF DeLong, Allison K. Wu, Mingham Bennett, Diane Parkin, Neil Wu, Zhijin Hogan, Joseph W. Kantor, Rami TI Sequence Quality Analysis Tool for HIV Type 1 Protease and Reverse Transcriptase SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID ANTIRETROVIRAL-DRUG-RESISTANCE; IMMUNODEFICIENCY; DATABASE; MUTATION; SUBTYPE; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION; INFECTION; ACCURACY; LANGUAGE AB Access to antiretroviral therapy is increasing globally and drug resistance evolution is anticipated. Currently, protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) sequence generation is increasing, including the use of in-house sequencing assays, and quality assessment prior to sequence analysis is essential. We created a computational HIV PR/RT Sequence Quality Analysis Tool (SQUAT) that runs in the R statistical environment. Sequence quality thresholds are calculated from a large dataset (46,802 PR and 44,432 RT sequences) from the published literature (http://hivdb.Stanford.edu). Nucleic acid sequences are read into SQUAT, identified, aligned, and translated. Nucleic acid sequences are flagged if with >five 1-2-base insertions; >one 3-base insertion; >one deletion; >six PR or > 18 RT ambiguous bases; >three consecutive PR or >four RT nucleic acid mutations; >zero stop codons; >three PR or > six RT ambiguous amino acids; >three consecutive PR or >four RT amino acid mutations; >zero unique amino acids; or <0.5% or >15% genetic distance from another submitted sequence. Thresholds are user modifiable. SQUAT output includes a summary report with detailed comments for troubleshooting of flagged sequences, histograms of pairwise genetic distances, neighbor joining phylogenetic trees, and aligned nucleic and amino acid sequences. SQUAT is a stand-alone, free, web-independent tool to ensure use of high-quality HIV PR/RT sequences in interpretation and reporting of drug resistance, while increasing awareness and expertise and facilitating troubleshooting of potentially problematic sequences. C1 [Kantor, Rami] Brown Univ, Alpert Med Sch, Div Infect Dis, Providence, RI 02906 USA. [DeLong, Allison K.] Brown Univ, Ctr Stat Sci, Providence, RI 02906 USA. [Wu, Mingham] CardioDx Inc, Dept Res & Dev, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Bennett, Diane] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Parkin, Neil] Data First Consulting Inc, Belmont, CA USA. [Wu, Zhijin; Hogan, Joseph W.] Brown Univ, Dept Biostat, Providence, RI 02906 USA. [Wu, Zhijin; Hogan, Joseph W.] Brown Univ, Ctr Stat Sci, Providence, RI 02906 USA. RP Kantor, R (reprint author), Brown Univ, Alpert Med Sch, Div Infect Dis, Miriam Hosp, RISE 154,164 Summit Ave, Providence, RI 02906 USA. EM rkantor@brown.edu RI wu, zhijin/J-2282-2014; wu, zhijin/J-4995-2016; OI wu, zhijin/0000-0002-9596-9134; Hogan, Joseph/0000-0001-7959-7361 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health [RO1AI66922, P30AI042853] FX We acknowledge Drs. Robert Shafer, David Katzenstein, and Matthew Gonzales for early related discussions and collaborations at Stanford University, and Chris Kemp at the Center for Statistical Sciences for website support. This work was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health, grant numbers RO1AI66922 and P30AI042853. NR 44 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 28 IS 8 BP 894 EP 901 DI 10.1089/aid.2011.0120 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 977SA UT WOS:000306683600023 PM 21916749 ER PT J AU Kreiss, K Fedan, KB Nasrullah, M Kim, TJ Materna, BL Prudhomme, JC Enright, PL AF Kreiss, Kathleen Fedan, Kathleen B. Nasrullah, Muazzam Kim, Thomas J. Materna, Barbara L. Prudhomme, Janice C. Enright, Paul L. TI Longitudinal lung function declines among California flavoring manufacturing workers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE bronchiolitis obliterans; flavoring; diacetyl; spirometry; surveillance ID SPIROMETRY; FEV1; INDIVIDUALS; DISEASE AB Background The California Department of Public Health received serial spirometry data for flavoring manufacturing workers at 20 companies at risk of bronchiolitis obliterans. Methods We graded spirometry quality; identified individual workers with excessive decline in forced expiratory volume in 1?s (FEV1) using relative longitudinal limits of decline based on 4% average within-person variability; and analyzed declines by occupational risk factors. Results The quality of 1,696 spirometry tests from 724 workers varied by 17 providers, with poorer quality from commercial providers. Of 416 workers with at least two tests, 40 (9.6%) had abnormal FEV1 decline. Of 289 workers with high quality spirometry, 21 (7.3%) had abnormal decline. Only one of the 21 had airways obstruction. Abnormal FEV1 decline rates (per person-month) were greater among workers at companies using =800?lbs/year diacetyl than at companies using lesser amounts. Abnormal FEV1 decline rates were greater at companies previously having four-person clusters of spirometric obstruction than at companies with no or only one worker with obstruction. Conclusions Spirometric surveillance of flavoring workers can identify individual workers with an abnormal FEV1 decline for preventive intervention, even when the FEV1 itself remains within the normal range. Good quality spirometry and classification of abnormal with relative longitudinal limit of decline minimize misclassification of possible work-related health effects. Am. J. Ind. Med. 55:657668, 2012. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Kreiss, Kathleen] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Resp Dis Studies, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Nasrullah, Muazzam; Kim, Thomas J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kim, Thomas J.; Materna, Barbara L.; Prudhomme, Janice C.] CDPH, Occupat Hlth Branch, Div Environm & Occupat Dis Control, Richmond, CA USA. [Enright, Paul L.] Univ Arizona, Coll Publ Hlth, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Kreiss, K (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Resp Dis Studies, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mailstop H-2800, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM kkreiss@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 55 IS 8 BP 657 EP 668 DI 10.1002/ajim.21013 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 971QX UT WOS:000306220000001 PM 21932425 ER PT J AU Hall, JE Simon, TR Lee, RD Mercy, JA AF Hall, Jeffrey E. Simon, Thomas R. Lee, Rosalyn D. Mercy, James A. TI Implications of Direct Protective Factors for Public Health Research and Prevention Strategies to Reduce Youth Violence SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PERSISTENT SERIOUS DELINQUENCY; DESISTANCE; BOYS; RISK AB The development of work on direct protective factors for youth violence has been delayed by conceptual and methodologic problems that have constrained the design, execution, and interpretation of prevention research. These problems are described in detail and actively addressed in review and analytic papers developed by the CDC's Expert Panel on Protective Factors for youth violence. The present paper synthesizes findings from these papers, specifies their implications for public health research and prevention strategies to reduce youth violence, and suggests directions for future research. (Am J Prev Med 2012; 43(2S1): S76-S83) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Hall, Jeffrey E.; Simon, Thomas R.; Lee, Rosalyn D.; Mercy, James A.] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Hall, JE (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM JHall2@cdc.gov FU CDC [CIP-08-001] FX Publication of this article was supported by Cooperative Agreement award # CIP-08-001 from the CDC to the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research (APTR). NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 43 IS 2 SU 1 BP S60 EP S67 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.04.019 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 972JG UT WOS:000306272800007 ER PT J AU Hall, JE Simon, TR Mercy, JA Loeber, R Farrington, DP Lee, RD AF Hall, Jeffrey E. Simon, Thomas R. Mercy, James A. Loeber, Rolf Farrington, David P. Lee, Rosalyn D. TI Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Expert Panel on Protective Factors for Youth Violence Perpetration Background and Overview SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PERSISTENT SERIOUS DELINQUENCY; RISK-FACTORS; RESILIENCE; BOYS AB The CDC Expert Panel on Protective Factors for Youth Violence Perpetration was convened to review and advance the status of etiologic and prevention research on direct protective and buffering protective factors for youth violence perpetration. The current paper introduces Phase One of the panel's work, which focuses on direct protective factors and includes the papers in this supplement to the American Journal of Preventive Medicine. This paper provides the context for the panel's work, describes its practical and theoretic importance, and summarizes why independently defined direct protective factors and risk factors are important for the advancement of our understanding of youth violence and its prevention. Lastly, this paper briefly describes the organization of the work of the panel as well as the research products that comprise the contents of the supplement. (Am J Prev Med 2012; 43(2S1): S1-S7) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Hall, Jeffrey E.; Simon, Thomas R.; Mercy, James A.; Lee, Rosalyn D.] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Loeber, Rolf] Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Farrington, David P.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Criminol, Cambridge CB3 9DT, England. RP Hall, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM JHall2@cdc.gov OI Farrington, David/0000-0003-1312-2325 FU CDC [CIP-08-001] FX Publication of this article was supported by Cooperative Agreement award # CIP-08-001 from the CDC to the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research (APTR). NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 43 IS 2 SU 1 BP S1 EP S7 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.04.026 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 972JG UT WOS:000306272800001 PM 22789954 ER PT J AU Yang, YC Tan, YM Blount, B Murray, C Egan, S Bolger, M Clewell, H AF Yang, Yuching Tan, Yu-Mei Blount, Benjamin Murray, Clarence Egan, Sara Bolger, Michael Clewell, Harvey TI Using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model to link urinary biomarker concentrations to dietary exposure of perchlorate SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Perchlorate; Biomarker; Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling; Dietary exposure ID THYROID-STIMULATING-HORMONE; UNITED-STATES; DRINKING-WATER; IODIDE UPTAKE; BREAST-MILK; INHIBITION; WOMEN; EXCRETION; KINETICS; RAT AB Exposure to perchlorate is widespread in the United States and many studies have attempted to character the perchlorate exposure by estimating the average daily intakes of perchlorate. These approaches provided population-based estimates, but did not provide individual-level exposure estimates. Until recently, exposure activity database such as CSFII, TDS and NHANES become available and provide opportunities to evaluate the individual-level exposure to chemical using exposure surveillance dataset. In this study, we use perchlorate as an example to investigate the usefulness of urinary biomarker data for predicting exposures at the individual level. Specifically, two analyses were conducted: (1) using data from a controlled human study to examine the ability of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to predict perchlorate concentrations in single-spot and cumulative urine samples; and (2) using biomarker data from a population-based study and a PBPK model to demonstrate the challenges in linking urinary biomarker concentrations to intake doses for individuals. Results showed that the modeling approach was able to characterize the distribution of biomarker concentrations at the population level, but predicting the exposure-biomarker relationship for individuals was much more difficult. The type of information needed to reduce the uncertainty in estimating intake doses, for individuals, based on biomarker measurements is discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Tan, Yu-Mei] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Yang, Yuching; Clewell, Harvey] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Blount, Benjamin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Murray, Clarence; Egan, Sara; Bolger, Michael] US FDA, College Pk, MD USA. RP Tan, YM (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM yyang@thehamner.org; tan.cecilia@epa.gov; bkb3@cdc.gov; Clarence.murray@fda.hhs.gov; Katie.egan@fda.hhs.gov; Philip.bolger@cfsan.fda.gov; hclewell@thehamner.org NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD AUG PY 2012 VL 88 IS 8 BP 1019 EP 1027 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.03.074 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 970VQ UT WOS:000306160800017 PM 22520969 ER PT J AU Harris, DM Seymour, J Grummer-Strawn, L Cooper, A Collins, B DiSogra, L Marshall, A Evans, N AF Harris, Diane M. Seymour, Jennifer Grummer-Strawn, Laurence Cooper, Ann Collins, Beth DiSogra, Lorelei Marshall, Andrew Evans, Nona TI Let's Move Salad Bars to Schools: A Public-Private Partnership To Increase Student Fruit and Vegetable Consumption SO CHILDHOOD OBESITY LA English DT Article AB Few school-age youth consume the recommended amounts of fruits and vegetables, and increasing fruit and vegetable intake in children and adolescents is an important public health goal to maintain long-term good health and to decrease risk of chronic disease and obesity. School salad bars are an important tool to promote fruit and vegetable consumption among schoolchildren. Studies show that introduction of school salad bars increases the amount and variety of fruits and vegetables consumed by children in schools. However, many schools cannot afford the capital investment in the salad bar equipment. In 2010, the National Fruit & Vegetable Alliance (NFVA), United Fresh Produce Association Foundation, the Food Family Farming Foundation, and Whole Foods Market launched Let's Move Salad Bars to Schools (LMSB2S) in support of First Lady Michelle Obama's Let's Move! initiative. The goal of LMSB2S is to place 6000 salad bars in schools over 3 years. As of June, 2012, over 1400 new salad bar units have been delivered to schools across the United States, increasing access to fruits and vegetables for over 700,000 students. Any K through 12 school district participating in the National School Lunch Program is eligible to submit an application at www.saladbars2schools.org/. Requests for salad bar units ($2625 each unit) are fulfilled through grassroots fund raising in the school community and through funds raised by the LMSB2S partners from corporate and foundation sources. LMSB2S is a model for coalition-building across many government, nonprofit, and industry partners to address a major public health challenge. C1 [Harris, Diane M.; Seymour, Jennifer; Grummer-Strawn, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Cooper, Ann; Collins, Beth] Food Family Farming Fdn, Boulder, CO USA. [DiSogra, Lorelei; Marshall, Andrew] United Fresh Produce Assoc, Washington, DC USA. [Evans, Nona] Whole Foods Market Inc, Austin, TX USA. RP Harris, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Nutr Branch, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dmharris@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 27 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2153-2168 EI 2153-2176 J9 CHILD OBES JI Child Obes. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 8 IS 4 SI SI BP 294 EP 297 DI 10.1089/chi.2012.0094 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA V32JJ UT WOS:000208947200006 PM 22867066 ER PT J AU Feder, HM Petersen, BW Robertson, KL Rupprecht, CE AF Feder, Henry M., Jr. Petersen, Brett W. Robertson, Kis L. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Rabies: Still a Uniformly Fatal Disease? Historical Occurrence, Epidemiological Trends, and Paradigm Shifts SO CURRENT INFECTIOUS DISEASE REPORTS LA English DT Article DE Rabies; Rabies survivors; Rabies prophylaxis; Virus; Encephalitis; Lyssavirus; Experimental therapy; Biomedical paradigm shifts; Public health; Infectious diseases AB Rabies has the highest case fatality of any infectious disease. Pathobiological and clinical insights have questioned the assertion that death is inevitable after onset of acute encephalomyelitis. Relying upon national laboratory-based surveillance, we reviewed records of human rabies acquired in the United States during 1960-2009. Changes in the epidemiology of human rabies were notable, due to improved animal management, safer and more efficacious biologics, and revisions in prevention guidelines. Historically, domestic animals were the most important source of infection. Since the 1990s, more human cases were associated with rabid bats. Prior to 1980, postexposure prophylaxis failures were reported. After development of modern rabies immune globulin and vaccines, none occurred. Of 75 human cases identified, only four patients survived. Rabies remains an extremely high consequence zoonosis, but the disease is not uniformly fatal, per se. Rabies is essentially preventable when primary exposures are averted, or appropriate prophylaxis occurs before illness. C1 [Feder, Henry M., Jr.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Family Med, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. [Feder, Henry M., Jr.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Pediat, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. [Petersen, Brett W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Robertson, Kis L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Feder, HM (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Family Med, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. EM feder@uchc.edu; cyr5@cdc.gov NR 97 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1523-3847 EI 1534-3146 J9 CURR INFECT DIS REP JI Curr. Infect. Dis. Rep. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 14 IS 4 BP 408 EP 422 DI 10.1007/s11908-012-0268-2 PG 15 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V32XF UT WOS:000208983200009 PM 22699971 ER PT J AU Tang, YW Ou, CY AF Tang, Yi-Wei Ou, Chin-Yih TI Past, present and future molecular diagnosis and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus infections SO EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS LA English DT Review DE HIV; diagnosis AB Substantive and significant advances have been made in the last two decades in the characterization of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections using molecular techniques. These advances include the use of real-time measurements, isothermal amplification, the inclusion of internal quality assurance protocols, device miniaturization and the automation of specimen processing. The result has been a significant increase in the availability of results to a high level of accuracy and quality. Molecular assays are currently widely used for diagnostics, antiretroviral monitoring and drug resistance characterization in developed countries. Simple and cost-effective point-of-care versions are also being vigorously developed with the eventual goal of providing timely healthcare services to patients residing in remote areas and those in resource-constrained countries. In this review, we discuss the evolution of these molecular technologies, not only in the context of the virus, but also in the context of tests focused on human genomics and transcriptomics. C1 [Tang, Yi-Wei] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Ou, Chin-Yih] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tang, YW (reprint author), Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10065 USA. EM tangy@mskcc.org OI Tang, Yi-Wei/0000-0003-4888-6771 NR 128 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2222-1751 J9 EMERG MICROBES INFEC JI Emerg. Microbes Infect. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 1 AR e19 DI 10.1038/emi.2012.15 PG 8 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA V33DG UT WOS:000208998900006 PM 26038427 ER PT J AU Phanuphak, N Varma, JK Kittikraisak, W Teeratakulpisarn, N Phasitlimakul, S Suwanmala, P Pankam, T Burapat, T Tasaneeyapan, T McCarthy, KD Cain, KP Phanuphak, P AF Phanuphak, Nittaya Varma, Jay K. Kittikraisak, Wanitchaya Teeratakulpisarn, Nipat Phasitlimakul, Saranya Suwanmala, Pailin Pankam, Tippawan Burapat, Thanyathorn Tasaneeyapan, Theerawit McCarthy, Kimberly D. Cain, Kevin P. Phanuphak, Praphan TI Using Tuberculin Skin Test as an Entry Point to Screen for Latent and Active Tuberculosis in Thai People Living With HIV SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE tuberculin skin test; HIV; latent tuberculosis; active tuberculosis; Thailand ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; PREVENTIVE THERAPY; CONTROLLED TRIAL; DIAGNOSIS; ADULTS; INITIATION; PROGRESSION AB Background: Tuberculin skin test (TST) identifies patients highly likely to benefit from isoniazid preventive therapy and tuberculosis (TB) prevalence may differ by TST status. We evaluated latent and active TB screening and diagnosis strategies among people living with HIV (PLHIV) incorporating TST as the initial screening step. Methods: PLHIV attending services at the Thai Red Cross Anonymous Clinic during September 2006 to January 2008 were enrolled. TB disease was defined as any positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) specimen culture from sputum, urine, stool, lymph node aspiration, and blood. The performance of symptom screening (> 1 of: any cough, any fever, night sweats lasting 3 or more weeks in the preceding 4 weeks) and laboratory screening (sputum smear followed by chest radiography and CD4 count) for active TB disease were evaluated according to TST status. Results: We enrolled 604 PLHIV. TST was positive in 151 PLHIV (25.0%). TB disease was diagnosed in 33 PLHIV, including 22 (14.6%) TST-positive and 11 (2.4%) TST-negative PLHIV. We found that an approach of performing MTB culture for all TST-positive PLHIV and symptom screening followed by laboratory screening for all TST-negative PLHIV would identify 196 (32.4%) of 604 PLHIV who would need MTB culture to correctly diagnose 29 (87.9%) of 33 active TB cases. Conclusions: TST can be used as an initial screening test among PLHIV to identify those at highest risk of active TB disease. Access to MTB culture or other sensitive tests to exclude TB disease is urgently needed to improve TB screening and prevention in resource-limited settings. C1 [Phanuphak, Nittaya; Teeratakulpisarn, Nipat; Phasitlimakul, Saranya; Suwanmala, Pailin; Pankam, Tippawan; Phanuphak, Praphan] Thai Red Cross AIDS Res Ctr, Bangkok, Thailand. [Varma, Jay K.; McCarthy, Kimberly D.; Cain, Kevin P.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Varma, Jay K.; Kittikraisak, Wanitchaya; Burapat, Thanyathorn; Tasaneeyapan, Theerawit] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat TUC, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. RP Phanuphak, N (reprint author), 104 Rajdumri Rd, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. EM nittaya.p@trcarc.org FU US Agency for International Development FX Supported by a grant from the US Agency for International Development. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 60 IS 4 BP 384 EP 392 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318258c675 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 971YF UT WOS:000306242300013 PM 22531757 ER PT J AU Smith, DK Pals, SL Herbst, JH Shinde, S Carey, JW AF Smith, Dawn K. Pals, Sherri L. Herbst, Jeffrey H. Shinde, Sanjyot Carey, James W. TI Development of a Clinical Screening Index Predictive of Incident HIV Infection Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; risk behaviors; incidence; screening; MSM ID PRIMARY-CARE; PREEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; RISK; PREVENTION; INTERVENTION; ACQUISITION; VACCINE; IMPACT; LEVEL AB Background: To implement biomedical and other intensive HIV prevention interventions cost-effectively, busy care providers need validated, rapid, risk screening tools for identifying persons at highest risk of incident infection. Methods: To develop and validate an index, we included behavioral and HIV test data from initially HIV-uninfected men who have sex with men who reported no injection drug use during semiannual interviews in the VaxGen VAX004 study and Project Explore HIV prevention trials. Using generalized estimating equations and logistic regression analyses, we identified significant predictors of incident HIV infection, then weighted and summed their regression coefficients to create a risk index score. Results: The final logistic regression model included age, and the following behaviors reported during the past 6 months: total number of male sex partners, total number of HIV-positive male sex partners, number of times the participant had unprotected receptive anal sex with a male partner of any HIV status, number of times the participant had insertive anal sex with an HIV-positive male partner, whether the participant reported using poppers, and whether they reported using amphetamines. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.74, possible scores on index range from 0 to 47 and a score >= 10 had as sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 45%, levels appropriate for a screening tool. Conclusions: We developed an easily administered and scored 7-item screening index with a cutoff that is predictive of HIV seroconversion in 2 large prospective cohorts of US men who have sex with men. The index can be used to prioritize patients for intensive HIV prevention efforts (eg, preexposure prophylaxis). C1 [Smith, Dawn K.; Pals, Sherri L.; Herbst, Jeffrey H.; Shinde, Sanjyot; Carey, James W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Smith, DK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dsmith1@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 13 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 60 IS 4 BP 421 EP 427 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318256b2f6 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 971YF UT WOS:000306242300018 PM 22487585 ER PT J AU O'Neal, JD Golden, MR Branson, BM Stekler, JD AF O'Neal, Joshua D. Golden, Matthew R. Branson, Bernard M. Stekler, Joanne D. TI HIV Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing Versus Rapid Testing: It Is Worth the Wait. Testing Preferences of Men Who Have Sex With Men SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Letter ID UNITED-STATES; PRIMARY INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; ANTIBODY; VIRUS; SEROCONVERSION; RISK; SENSITIVITY; POPULATION; STRATEGIES C1 [O'Neal, Joshua D.] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Sexual Studies, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Golden, Matthew R.; Stekler, Joanne D.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Golden, Matthew R.; Stekler, Joanne D.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Golden, Matthew R.; Stekler, Joanne D.] Dept Publ Hlth, Seattle, WA USA. [Branson, Bernard M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Div HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Stekler, JD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Box 359931,325 9th Ave, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM jstekler@u.washington.edu FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH086360] NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 60 IS 4 BP E117 EP E120 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31825aab51 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 971YF UT WOS:000306242300005 PM 22772351 ER PT J AU Barile, JP Grogan, KE Henrich, CC Brookmeyer, KA Shahar, G AF Barile, John P. Grogan, Kathryn E. Henrich, Christopher C. Brookmeyer, Kathryn A. Shahar, Golan TI Symptoms of Depression in Israeli Adolescents Following a Suicide Bombing: The Role of Gender SO JOURNAL OF EARLY ADOLESCENCE LA English DT Article DE depression; gender; risk; violence ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS; OKLAHOMA-CITY; TERRORIST ATTACKS; SOCIAL SUPPORT; EXPOSURE; DISTRESS; SEPTEMBER-11; PREDICTORS; RESPONSES; OUTCOMES AB This report investigated the potential role of gender in moderating the effects of terror attack exposure on depression symptoms in middle school students from Dimona, Israel (N = 90). Specifically, the effects of three aspects of terror attacks were investigated: physical exposure, relational exposure, and media exposure. Ninety early adolescents were assessed for terror exposure and depression before and after a suicide bombing in a town market. Results indicate that the effects of relational exposure to the suicide bombing-knowing others directly affected by a suicide bombing-on depression symptoms differed by gender. Adolescent girls who knew people affected by the suicide bombing reacted with higher levels of depressive symptoms while similarly exposed adolescent boys did not. It may be that girls, as compared to boys, express greater sympathy for victims, and are hence more vulnerable to disruptions of their social network, resulting in a heightened depressive vulnerability. C1 [Barile, John P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Shahar, Golan] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel. [Henrich, Christopher C.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Psychol, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Grogan, Kathryn E.] Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Barile, JP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop K-51, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jbarile@cdc.gov RI Shahar, Golan/F-1502-2012 NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0272-4316 J9 J EARLY ADOLESCENCE JI J. Early Adolesc. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 32 IS 4 BP 502 EP 515 DI 10.1177/0272431611400317 PG 14 WC Family Studies; Psychology, Developmental SC Family Studies; Psychology GA 971AV UT WOS:000306175000003 ER PT J AU Hakre, S Upshaw-Combs, DR Sanders-Buell, EE Scoville, SL Kuper, JD Jagodzinski, LL Bradfield, AN Davison, DC Calis, WG Owens, AB Michael, NL O'Connell, RJ Peel, SA Gardner, JW Thompson, ND Hu, DJ Kim, JH Tovanabutra, S Scott, PT Lafon, SG AF Hakre, Shilpa Upshaw-Combs, Donna R. Sanders-Buell, Eric E. Scoville, Stephanie L. Kuper, Joshua D. Jagodzinski, Linda L. Bradfield, Andrea N. Davison, Dinae C. Calis, William G. Owens, Angela B. Michael, Nelson L. O'Connell, Robert J. Peel, Sheila A. Gardner, John W. Thompson, Nicola D. Hu, Dale J. Kim, Jerome H. Tovanabutra, Sodsai Scott, Paul T. LaFon, Sandra G. CA Insulin Pen Investigation Team TI An Investigation of Bloodborne Pathogen Transmission Due to Multipatient Sharing of Insulin Pens SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB On January 30, 2009, nursing staff at a military hospital in Texas reported that single-patient use insulin pens were used on multiple patients. An investigation was initiated to determine if patient-to-patient bloodborne transmission occurred from the practice. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing was offered to patients hospitalized from August 2007 to January 2009 and prescribed insulin pen injections. Virus from HCV-infected patients' sera was sequenced and compared for relatedness. An anonymous survey was administered to nurses. Of 2,113 patients prescribed insulin pen injections, 1,501 (71%) underwent testing; 6 (0.4%) were HIV positive, 6 (0.4%) were hepatitis B surface antigen positive, and 56 (3.7%) had HCV antibody. No viral sequences from 10 of 28 patients with newly diagnosed and 12 of 28 patients with preexisting HCV infection were closely related. Of 54 nurses surveyed, 74% reported being trained on insulin pen use, but 24% believed nurses used insulin pens on more than one patient. We found no clear evidence of bloodborne pathogen transmission Training of hospital staff on correct use of insulin pens should be prioritized and their practices evaluated. Insulin pens should be more clearly labeled for single-patient use. C1 [Hakre, Shilpa] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, US Mil HIV Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Upshaw-Combs, Donna R.; Kuper, Joshua D.; Davison, Dinae C.] William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. [Sanders-Buell, Eric E.; Bradfield, Andrea N.; Tovanabutra, Sodsai] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, US Mil HIV Res Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Scoville, Stephanie L.] US Army Publ Hlth Command, Prevent Med Residency Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Jagodzinski, Linda L.; Peel, Sheila A.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, HIV Diagnost & Reference Lab, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Calis, William G.] Moncrief Army Community Hosp, Fort Jackson, SC 29207 USA. [Owens, Angela B.] Keaki Technol LLC, US Army Publ Hlth Command, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Michael, Nelson L.; O'Connell, Robert J.; Kim, Jerome H.; Scott, Paul T.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Gardner, John W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Thompson, Nicola D.; Hu, Dale J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [LaFon, Sandra G.] 1st Armored Div, El Paso, TX 79918 USA. RP Hakre, S (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, US Mil HIV Res Program, 6720-A Rockledge Dr,Suite 400, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. FU William Beaumont Army Medical Center; Henry M. Jackson Foundation; U.S. Army Public Health Command FX This investigation would not have been possible without the patient contact and notification efforts of the Insulin Pen Investigation Team members, Mr. Bruce Gramlich, CPT Billy McPherson, CPT Michael Swanhart, MAJ Victoria Prehn, and CPT Alfreda Ritter. We thank MAJ Christopher Perdue at the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center for his assistance in obtaining archived medical encounter records for all patients in our cohort. We are grateful for laboratory assistance from Ms. Ying Liu and sample processing efforts of Mr. J. Connor Eggleston (U.S. Military HIV Research Program). We thank Mrs. Faye Raye at the Texas Department of Health Services Vital Statistics Fraud Unit for extracting cause of death records. We thank Drs. Philip Spradling and Joseph Perz for their review of the manuscript and Dr. Yuri Khudyakov for his review of the HCV molecular characterization results from the investigation (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). The investigation, part of the response to the discovery of the insulin pen misuse, was funded by the William Beaumont Army Medical Center, the Henry M. Jackson Foundation, and the U.S. Army Public Health Command. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 177 IS 8 BP 930 EP 938 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA V33OA UT WOS:000209026900012 PM 22934373 ER PT J AU Yoder, JS Verani, J Heidman, N Hoppe-Bauer, J Alfonso, EC Miller, D Jones, DB Bruckner, D Langston, R Jeng, BH Joslin, CE Tu, E Colby, K Vetter, E Ritterband, D Mathers, W Kowalski, RP Acharya, NR Limaye, AP Leiter, C Roy, S Lorick, S Roberts, J Beach, MJ AF Yoder, Jonathan S. Verani, Jennifer Heidman, Nancy Hoppe-Bauer, Joan Alfonso, Eduardo C. Miller, Darlene Jones, Dan B. Bruckner, David Langston, Roger Jeng, Bennie H. Joslin, Charlotte E. Tu, Elmer Colby, Kathryn Vetter, Emily Ritterband, David Mathers, William Kowalski, Regis P. Acharya, Nisha R. Limaye, Ajit P. Leiter, Charles Roy, Sharon Lorick, Suchita Roberts, Jacquelin Beach, Michael J. TI Acanthamoeba keratitis: The Persistence of Cases Following a Multistate Outbreak SO OPHTHALMIC EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acanthamoeba keratitis; Surveillance; Epidemiology; Contacts lens; Outbreak ID CONTACT-LENS SOLUTION; WATER; PREVALENCE; AMEBAS AB Purpose: To describe the trend of Acanthamoeba keratitis case reports following an outbreak and the recall of a multipurpose contact lens disinfection solution. Acanthamoeba keratitis is a serious eye infection caused by the free-living amoeba Acanthamoeba that primarily affects contact lens users. Methods: A convenience sample of 13 ophthalmology centers and laboratories in the USA, provided annual numbers of Acanthamoeba keratitis cases diagnosed between 1999-2009 and monthly numbers of cases diagnosed between 2007-2009. Data on ophthalmic preparations of anti-Acanthamoeba therapies were collected from a national compounding pharmacy. Results: Data from sentinel site ophthalmology centers and laboratories revealed that the yearly number of cases gradually increased from 22 in 1999 to 43 in 2003, with a marked increase beginning in 2004 (93 cases) that continued through 2007 (170 cases; p < 0.0001). The outbreak identified from these sentinel sites resulted in the recall of a contact lens disinfecting solution. There was a statistically significant (p <= 0.0001) decrease in monthly cases reported from 28 cases in June 2007 (following the recall) to seven cases in June 2008, followed by an increase (p = 0.0004) in reported cases thereafter; cases have remained higher than pre-outbreak levels. A similar trend was seen in prescriptions for Acanthamoeba keratitis chemotherapy. Cases were significantly more likely to be reported during summer than during other seasons. Conclusion: The persistently elevated number of reported cases supports the need to understand the risk factors and environmental exposures associated with Acanthamoeba keratitis. Further prevention efforts are needed to reduce the number of cases occurring among contact lens wearers. C1 [Yoder, Jonathan S.; Verani, Jennifer; Roy, Sharon; Lorick, Suchita; Roberts, Jacquelin; Beach, Michael J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hoppe-Bauer, Joan] Barnes Jewish Hosp, St Louis, MO USA. [Alfonso, Eduardo C.; Miller, Darlene] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Jones, Dan B.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Jones, Dan B.] Baylor Coll Med, Cullen Eye Inst, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Bruckner, David] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Langston, Roger; Jeng, Bennie H.] Cleveland Clin, Cole Eye Inst, Cleveland, OH USA. [Joslin, Charlotte E.; Tu, Elmer] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Colby, Kathryn] Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirm, Boston, MA USA. [Vetter, Emily] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. [Ritterband, David] New York Eye & Ear Infirm, New York, NY USA. [Mathers, William] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Kowalski, Regis P.] Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Charles T Campbell Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Acharya, Nisha R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Proctor Fdn, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Jeng, Bennie H.; Limaye, Ajit P.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Leiter, Charles] Leiters Pharm, San Jose, CA USA. RP Yoder, JS (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jyoder@cdc.gov RI Miller, Darlene /C-9053-2013; OI Ritterband, David/0000-0001-7139-878X FU FDA; NEI FX No authors are employed by corporations financially impacted by the results reported in this manuscript. Some authors are employed by the US Government and some authors receive funding from FDA and NEI. Some authors report consulting fees for Bausch and Lomb, BioTissue, Foresight, VisionCare, Inspire, Kimberly Clark, Alcon, Santen, Crofessionals; lecture fees for Alcon; and royalties from Roche Diagnostics. Detailed information is available on request. NR 20 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 8 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0928-6586 J9 OPHTHAL EPIDEMIOL JI Ophthalmic Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 19 IS 4 BP 221 EP 225 DI 10.3109/09286586.2012.681336 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 971GH UT WOS:000306191300008 PM 22775278 ER PT J AU Hastie, BA Riley, JL Kaplan, L Herrera, DG Campbell, CM Virtusio, K Mogil, JS Wallace, MR Fillingim, RB AF Hastie, Barbara A. Riley, Joseph L., III Kaplan, Lee Herrera, Dyanne G. Campbell, Claudia M. Virtusio, Kathrina Mogil, Jeffrey S. Wallace, Margaret R. Fillingim, Roger B. TI Ethnicity interacts with the OPRM1 gene in experimental pain sensitivity SO PAIN LA English DT Article DE Experimental pain; Ethnicity/race; Genes; OPRM1; A118G; Quantitative sensory testing ID OPIOID-RECEPTOR GENE; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM; CATECHOL-O-METHYLTRANSFERASE; CONTROLLED ANALGESIA USAGE; TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY; EFFORT TOURNIQUET TEST; HPA-AXIS ACTIVATION; MORPHINE CONSUMPTION; STRESS RESPONSIVITY; POSTOPERATIVE PAIN AB Robust interindividual variation in pain sensitivity has been observed, and recent evidence suggests that some of the variability may be genetically mediated. Our previous data revealed significantly higher pressure pain thresholds among individuals possessing the minor G allele of the A118G SNP of the mu-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) compared with those with 2 consensus alleles. Moreover, ethnic differences in pain sensitivity have been widely reported. Yet, little is known about the potential interactive associations of ethnicity and genotype with pain perception. This study aimed to identify ethnic differences in OPRM1 allelic associations with experimental pain responses. A total of 247 healthy young adults from three ethnic groups (81 African Americans; 79 non-white Hispanics; and 87 non-Hispanic whites) underwent multiple experimental pain modalities (thermal, pressure, ischemic, cold pressor). Few African Americans (7.4%) expressed the rare allele of OPRM1 compared to non-Hispanic whites and Hispanics (28.7% vs. 27.8%, respectively). Across the entire sample, OPRM1 genotype did not significantly affect pain sensitivity. However, analysis in each ethnic group separately revealed significant genotype effects for most pain modalities among non-Hispanic-whites (P < .05) but not Hispanics or African Americans. The G allele was associated with decreased pain sensitivity among whites only; a trend in the opposite direction emerged in Hispanics. The reasons for this dichotomy are unclear; they may involve ethnic differences in haplotypic structure, or A118G may be a tag-SNP linked to other functional polymorphisms. These findings demonstrate an ethnicity-dependent association of OPRM1 genotype with pain sensitivity. Additional research is warranted to uncover the mechanisms influencing these relationships. (C) 2012 International Association for the Study of Pain. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hastie, Barbara A.; Riley, Joseph L., III; Virtusio, Kathrina; Fillingim, Roger B.] Univ Florida, Coll Dent, Dept Community Dent & Behav Sci, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Kaplan, Lee] Genoptix Med Lab, Carlsbad, CA USA. [Herrera, Dyanne G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Campbell, Claudia M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Baltimore, MD USA. [Mogil, Jeffrey S.] McGill Univ, Dept Psychol, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Mogil, Jeffrey S.] McGill Univ, Alan Edwards Ctr Res Pain, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Wallace, Margaret R.] Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Fillingim, Roger B.] Malcom Randall VA Med Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Hastie, BA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Dent, Dept Community Dent & Behav Sci, POB 103628, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM bhastie@dental.ufl.edu FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [NS42754, AG033906, NS55094, DE019267, NS045551-02, RR00082]; Health Disparities Scholar of the NIH National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities FX This material is the result of work supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants NS42754 (R. B. F.) and AG033906 (R. B. F.), NS55094 (B. A. H.), DE019267 (B. A. H.); Training Grant NS045551-02, and General Clinical Research Center Grant RR00082. B. A. H. is also supported as a Health Disparities Scholar of the NIH National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. NR 88 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3959 EI 1872-6623 J9 PAIN JI Pain PD AUG PY 2012 VL 153 IS 8 BP 1610 EP 1619 DI 10.1016/j.pain.2012.03.022 PG 10 WC Anesthesiology; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Anesthesiology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 971XO UT WOS:000306240100014 PM 22717102 ER PT J AU Hyle, EP Shu, B Lindstrom, S Klimov, A Hancock, K Ferraro, MJ Traum, AZ Michelow, IC AF Hyle, Emily P. Shu, Bo Lindstrom, Stephen Klimov, Alexander Hancock, Kathy Ferraro, Mary J. Traum, Avram Z. Michelow, Ian C. TI A severely immunocompromised child with uncomplicated oseltamivir-resistant 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza infection SO PEDIATRIC TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE viral infection; kidney transplant; immunosuppression ID VIRUS AB Hyle EP, Shu B, Lindstrom S, Klimov A, Hancock K, Ferraro MJ, Traum AZ, Michelow IC. A severely immunocompromised child with uncomplicated oseltamivir-resistant 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza infection. Abstract: 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza was associated with increased risk for severe disease in children and the immunosuppressed. We report a case of uncomplicated pneumonia because of infection with oseltamivir-resistant 2009 H1N1 virus in an immunosuppressed pediatric renal transplant patient. Innate immunity and/or altered viral fitness may be responsible for the mild clinical phenotype of the case. C1 [Hyle, Emily P.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Shu, Bo; Lindstrom, Stephen; Klimov, Alexander; Hancock, Kathy] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ferraro, Mary J.; Traum, Avram Z.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Michelow, Ian C.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Hyle, EP (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM ehyle@partners.org NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1397-3142 J9 PEDIATR TRANSPLANT JI Pediatr. Transplant. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 16 IS 5 BP E158 EP E161 DI 10.1111/j.1399-3046.2011.01490.x PG 4 WC Pediatrics; Transplantation SC Pediatrics; Transplantation GA 970LW UT WOS:000306131700006 PM 21429059 ER PT J AU Shetty, AK Ross, GA Pranikoff, T Gubareva, LV Sechrist, C Guirand, DM Abramson, J Lin, JJ AF Shetty, Avinash K. Ross, Gregory A. Pranikoff, Thomas Gubareva, Larissa V. Sechrist, Catherine Guirand, Derek M. Abramson, Jon Lin, Jen-Jar TI Oseltamivir-resistant 2009 H1N1 influenza pneumonia during therapy in a renal transplant recipient SO PEDIATRIC TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE pandemic H1N1; influenza; peramivir ID VIRUS-INFECTION; INTRAVENOUS ZANAMIVIR; PERAMIVIR; PROPHYLAXIS AB Shetty AK, Ross GA, Pranikoff T, Gubareva LV, Sechrist C, Guirand DM, Abramson J, Lin J-J. Oseltamivir-resistant 2009 H1N1 influenza pneumonia during therapy in a renal transplant recipient. Abstract: The emergence of oseltamivir-resistant 2009 H1N1 influenza virus (conferred by the H275Y substitution in NA) during therapy or prophylaxis in immunocompromised patients is a serious concern. The optimal therapy for immunosuppressed patients with oseltamivir-resistant 2009 H1N1 influenza virus is unknown and few options exist. We report a 10-yr-old recipient of kidney transplant who was hospitalized with oseltamivir-resistant 2009 H1N1 influenza pneumonia complicated by severe respiratory failure, ARDS, and renal failure requiring institution of ECMO and CRRT. On presentation, treatment with oseltamivir (second course) and broad-spectrum antibiotics was initiated. Immunosuppressive agents were stopped on hospital day (d) 2. On hospital d 7, given his critical status, immunocompromised state, and difficulty in obtaining intravenous zanamivir, after obtaining ethical approval and parental consent, he was treated with intravenous peramivir (through an Emergency Investigational New Drug Application) for two wk. He tolerated the regimen well and his clinical status improved gradually. Several factors may have contributed to virus clearance and survival including recovery of the immune system, aggressive critical care support, and administration of peramivir. Ongoing surveillance is essential to monitor how oseltamivir-resistant H275Y mutant viruses may evolve in the future. C1 [Shetty, Avinash K.; Ross, Gregory A.; Pranikoff, Thomas; Sechrist, Catherine; Guirand, Derek M.; Abramson, Jon; Lin, Jen-Jar] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Surg, Winston Salem, NC 27103 USA. [Ross, Gregory A.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Shetty, Avinash K.] Brenner Childrens Hosp, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Gubareva, Larissa V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shetty, AK (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Sect Pediat Infect Dis, Med Ctr Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM ashetty@wfubmc.edu NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1397-3142 J9 PEDIATR TRANSPLANT JI Pediatr. Transplant. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 16 IS 5 BP E153 EP E157 DI 10.1111/j.1399-3046.2011.01489.x PG 5 WC Pediatrics; Transplantation SC Pediatrics; Transplantation GA 970LW UT WOS:000306131700005 PM 22764830 ER PT J AU Tao, GY Hoover, KW Leichliter, JS Peterman, TA Kent, CK AF Tao, Guoyu Hoover, Karen W. Leichliter, Jami S. Peterman, Thomas A. Kent, Charlotte K. TI Self-Reported Chlamydia Testing Rates of Sexually Active Women Aged 15-25 Years in the United States, 2006-2008 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID GONORRHEA; DISEASE AB Using the 2006-2008 National Survey of Family Growth, we estimated a 37.9% annual chlamydia testing rate for sexually active US women aged 15 to 25 years, defined as having >= 1 sex partner in the past year. Our results highlight the need for increased testing among sexually active young women. C1 [Tao, Guoyu; Hoover, Karen W.; Leichliter, Jami S.; Peterman, Thomas A.; Kent, Charlotte K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tao, GY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gat3@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 39 IS 8 BP 605 EP 607 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318254c837 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 974FA UT WOS:000306414300006 PM 22801342 ER PT J AU Loharikar, A Briere, E Schwensohn, C Weninger, S Wagendorf, J Scheftel, J Garvey, A Warren, K Villamil, E Rudroff, JA Kurkjian, K Levine, S Colby, K Morrison, B May, A Anderson, S Daly, E Marsden-Haug, N Erdman, MM Gomez, T Rhorer, A Castleman, J Adams, JK Theobald, L Lafon, P Trees, E Mitchell, J Sotir, MJ Behravesh, CB AF Loharikar, A. Briere, E. Schwensohn, C. Weninger, S. Wagendorf, J. Scheftel, J. Garvey, A. Warren, K. Villamil, E. Rudroff, J. A. Kurkjian, K. Levine, S. Colby, K. Morrison, B. May, A. Anderson, S. Daly, E. Marsden-Haug, N. Erdman, M. M. Gomez, T. Rhorer, A. Castleman, J. Adams, J. K. Theobald, L. Lafon, P. Trees, E. Mitchell, J. Sotir, M. J. Behravesh, C. B. TI Four Multistate Outbreaks of Human Salmonella Infections Associated with Live Poultry Contact, United States, 2009 SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; poultry; chicks; mail-order hatchery; zoonoses ID TYPHIMURIUM; PULSENET AB Outbreaks of human salmonellosis associated with live poultry contact have been reported since 1955. Multiple Salmonella serotypes have been associated with these outbreaks, and specific outbreak strains have been repeatedly linked to single hatcheries over multiple years. During 2009, four multistate outbreaks of human Salmonella infections associated with direct and indirect exposure to live poultry purchased from mail-order hatcheries and agricultural feed stores were identified, resulting in 165 culture-confirmed cases in 30 states. This report describes the epidemiologic, environmental and laboratory investigations conducted by state and local health departments, state departments of agriculture, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), National Poultry Improvement Plan (NPIP) and National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Case-patients were identified through PulseNet, the national molecular subtyping network for foodborne disease surveillance, and interviewed using the CDC standard live poultry contact questionnaire that asks about poultry-related exposures during the 7 days before illness onset. These outbreaks highlight the need to focus efforts on strategies to decrease and prevent human illness associated with live poultry contact through comprehensive interventions at the mail-order hatchery, agricultural feed store and consumer levels. Additional consumer education and interventions at mail-order hatcheries and venues where live poultry are sold, including agricultural feed stores, are necessary to prevent transmission of Salmonella from poultry to humans. C1 [Loharikar, A.; Briere, E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schwensohn, C.; Castleman, J.; Adams, J. K.; Theobald, L.; Lafon, P.; Trees, E.; Mitchell, J.; Sotir, M. J.; Behravesh, C. B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Weninger, S.; Wagendorf, J.] N Dakota Dept Hlth, Bismarck, ND USA. [Scheftel, J.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Garvey, A.] Iowa Dept Hlth, Des Moines, IA USA. [Warren, K.] Penn Dept Hlth, Wilkes Barre, PA USA. [Villamil, E.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Rudroff, J. A.] Missouri Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Jefferson City, MO USA. [Kurkjian, K.; Levine, S.] Virginia Dept Hlth, Richmond, VA USA. [Colby, K.] Univ So Maine, Maine Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Augusta, ME USA. [Morrison, B.] Maine Dept Agr, Augusta, ME USA. [May, A.] Indiana State Dept Hlth, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Anderson, S.] Kansas Dept Hlth & Environm, Topeka, KS USA. [Daly, E.] New Hampshire Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Concord, NH 03301 USA. [Marsden-Haug, N.] Washington State Dept Hlth, Shoreline, WA USA. [Erdman, M. M.] Natl Vet Serv Lab, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Gomez, T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, USDA, APHIS, Vet Serv Liason CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rhorer, A.] USDA Natl Poultry Improvement Plan, Conyers, GA USA. RP Loharikar, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aloharikar@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1863-1959 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD AUG PY 2012 VL 59 IS 5 BP 347 EP 354 DI 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2012.01461.x PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA 972VK UT WOS:000306309000006 PM 22372941 ER PT J AU Forsberg, LS Abshire, TG Friedlander, A Quinn, CP Kannenberg, EL Carlson, RW AF Forsberg, L. Scott Abshire, Teresa G. Friedlander, Arthur Quinn, Conrad P. Kannenberg, Elmar L. Carlson, Russell W. TI Localization and structural analysis of a conserved pyruvylated epitope in Bacillus anthracis secondary cell wall polysaccharides and characterization of the galactose-deficient wall polysaccharide from avirulent B-anthracis CDC 684 SO GLYCOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus anthracis; cell wall; polysaccharide; pyruvylation; structure ID CEREUS STRAINS; ACID; SURFACE; IDENTIFICATION; SPECTROSCOPY; PROTEINS; ACETAL; CONFIGURATION; ELUCIDATION; DERIVATIVES AB Bacillus anthracis CDC 684 is a naturally occurring, avirulent variant and close relative of the highly pathogenic B. anthracis Vollum. Bacillus anthracis CDC 684 contains both virulence plasmids, pXO1 and pXO2, yet is non-pathogenic in animal models, prompting closer scrutiny of the molecular basis of attenuation. We structurally characterized the secondary cell wall polysaccharide (SCWP) of B. anthracis CDC 684 (Ba684) using chemical and NMR spectroscopy analysis. The SCWP consists of a HexNAc trisaccharide backbone having identical structure as that of B. anthracis Pasteur, Sterne and Ames, -> 4)-beta-d-ManpNAc-(1 -> 4)-beta-d-GlcpNAc-(1 -> 6)-alpha-d-GlcpNAc-(1 ->. Remarkably, although the backbone is fully polymerized, the SCWP is the devoid of all galactosyl side residues, a feature which normally comprises 50% of the glycosyl residues on the highly galactosylated SCWPs from pathogenic strains. This observation highlights the role of defective wall assembly in virulence and indicates that polymerization occurs independently of galactose side residue attachment. Of particular interest, the polymerized Ba684 backbone retains the substoichiometric pyruvate acetal, O-acetate and amino group modifications found on SCWPs from normal B. anthracis strains, and immunofluorescence analysis confirms that SCWP expression coincides with the ability to bind the surface layer homology (SLH) domain containing S-layer protein extractable antigen-1. Pyruvate was previously demonstrated as part of a conserved epitope, mediating SLH-domain protein attachment to the underlying peptidoglycan layer. We find that a single repeating unit, located at the distal (non-reducing) end of the Ba684 SCWP, is structurally modified and that this modification is present in identical manner in the SCWPs of normal B. anthracis strains. These polysaccharides terminate in the sequence: (S)-4,6-O-(1-carboxyethylidene)-beta-d-ManpNAc-(1 -> 4)-[3-O-acetyl]-beta-d-GlcpNAc-(1 -> 6)-alpha-d-GlcpNH(2)-(1 ->. C1 [Forsberg, L. Scott; Kannenberg, Elmar L.; Carlson, Russell W.] Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Abshire, Teresa G.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Friedlander, Arthur] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Headquarters Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Quinn, Conrad P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Forsberg, LS (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, 315 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM sforsb@ccrc.uga.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R21 AI076753]; Department of Energy [DE-FG02-09ER20097] FX This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health (R21 AI076753 to R. W. C.). The Complex Carbohydrate Research Center was supported in part by Department of Energy (DE-FG02-09ER20097). NR 42 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0959-6658 J9 GLYCOBIOLOGY JI Glycobiology PD AUG PY 2012 VL 22 IS 8 BP 1103 EP 1117 DI 10.1093/glycob/cws080 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 966FT UT WOS:000305823800008 PM 22556058 ER PT J AU Momin, B Richardson, L AF Momin, Behnoosh Richardson, Lisa TI An Analysis of Content in Comprehensive Cancer Control Plans that Address Chronic Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections as Major Risk Factors for Liver Cancer SO JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Review DE Liver cancer; Hepatitis; Chronic alcohol; Alcohol abuse; Comprehensive cancer control plans ID UNITED-STATES; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; MORTALITY AB Chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus (HBV and HCV) infections are among the leading causes of preventable death worldwide. Chronic viral hepatitis is the cause of most primary liver cancer, which is the third leading cause of cancer deaths globally and the ninth leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. The extent to which comprehensive cancer control (CCC) programs in states, tribal governments and organizations, territories, and Pacific Island jurisdictions address chronic hepatitis B and/or hepatitis C infections as risk factors for liver cancer or recommend interventions for liver cancer prevention in their CCC plans remains unknown. We searched CCC plans for this information using the search tool at http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/ncccp/ to access the content of plans for this information. A combination of key search terms including "liver cancer", "hepatitis", "chronic alcohol", and "alcohol abuse" were used to identify potential content regarding liver cancer risk factors and prevention. Relevant content was abstracted for further review and classification. Of 66 (Although CDC funds 65 programs, one of the Pacific Island Jurisdiction grantees is the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM). This national program supports four FSM states, each of which submits a cancer plan to CDC for a total of 69 plans. During this time period, 66 plans were available on the website.) CCC plans, 27% (n = 18) addressed liver cancer using the above-mentioned search terms. In the 23 plans that addressed HBV and/or HCV, there were 25 goals, objectives, strategies, and outcomes aimed at reducing the incidence or prevalence of HBV and/or HCV infection. While nearly a third of CCC programs identify at least one goal, objective, strategy, outcome, or prevention program to reduce cancer burden in their CCC plans, few plans discuss specific actions needed to reduce the burden of liver cancer. C1 [Momin, Behnoosh; Richardson, Lisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Momin, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM fqv6@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 8 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0094-5145 EI 1573-3610 J9 J COMMUN HEALTH JI J. Community Health PD AUG PY 2012 VL 37 IS 4 BP 912 EP 916 DI 10.1007/s10900-011-9507-y PG 5 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 967EG UT WOS:000305888600020 PM 22160788 ER PT J AU Othong, R Wananukul, W Vohra, R AF Othong, Rittirak Wananukul, Winai Vohra, Rais TI Centipede Envenomation: 104 Cases from Bangkok, Thailand SO TOXICON LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th World Congress of the International-Society-on-Toxinology (IST)/Venom Week/4th International Scientific Symposium on All Things Venomous CY JUL 08-13, 2012 CL Honolulu, HI SP Int Soc Toxinol (IST), Rare Dis Therapeut, Inc, BTG Int Ltd, Inst Bioclon, Silanes Labs, SA, Toxicon Amer Int Rattlesnake Museum, Chiricahua Desert Museum, Elsevier BV, Univ Hawaii, Coll Pharm, Univ New Mexico Hlth Sci Ctr, Midwest Tongs DE centipede envenomation; Thailand; venomous arthropods C1 [Othong, Rittirak] Bangkok Metropolitan Adm Med Coll, Dept Emergency Med, Bangkok, Thailand. [Othong, Rittirak] Vajira Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand. [Othong, Rittirak] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wananukul, Winai] Mahidol Univ, Ramathibodi Hosp, Dept Med, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Vohra, Rais] UCSF Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Fresno, CA USA. [Vohra, Rais] Calif Poison Control Syst, Fresno Madera Div, Fresno, CA USA. EM raisvohra@hotmail.com NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD AUG PY 2012 VL 60 IS 2 SI SI MA 92 BP 142 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.04.093 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 964UI UT WOS:000305721800094 ER PT J AU Williamson, YM Moura, H Simmons, K Whitman, J Melnick, N Rees, J Woolfitt, A Schieltz, DM Tondella, ML Ades, E Sampson, J Carlone, G Barr, JR AF Williamson, Yulanda M. Moura, Hercules Simmons, Kaneatra Whitman, Jennifer Melnick, Nikkol Rees, Jon Woolfitt, Adrian Schieltz, David M. Tondella, Maria L. Ades, Edwin Sampson, Jacquelyn Carlone, George Barr, John R. TI A gel-free proteomic-based method for the characterization of Bordetella pertussis clinical isolates SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Pertussis; Proteomics; Membrane; Gel-free; LC-MS/MS; Antibody-affinity ID SPECTROMETRY-BASED PROTEOMICS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; IMMUNOGENIC PROTEINS; STATISTICAL-MODEL; WHOOPING-COUGH; IDENTIFICATION; ELECTROPHORESIS; STRAINS; VACCINE; SURFACE AB Bordetella pertussis (Bp) is the etiologic agent of pertussis or whooping cough, a highly contagious respiratory disease occurring primarily in infants and young children. Although vaccine preventable, pertussis cases have increased over the years leading researchers to re-evaluate vaccine control strategies. Since bacterial outer membrane proteins, comprising the surfaceome, often play roles in pathogenesis and antibody-mediated immunity, three recent Bp circulating isolates were examined using proteomics to identify any potential changes in surface protein expression. Fractions enriched for outer membrane proteins were digested with trypsin and the peptides analyzed by nano liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (nLC-ESI-MS), followed by database analysis to elucidate the surfaceomes of our three Bp isolates. Furthermore, a less labor intensive non-gel based antibody affinity capture technology in conjunction with MS was employed to assess each Bp strains' immunogenic outer membrane proteins. This novel technique is generally applicable allowing for the identification of immunogenic surface expressed proteins on pertussis and other pathogenic bacteria. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Williamson, Yulanda M.; Moura, Hercules; Rees, Jon; Woolfitt, Adrian; Schieltz, David M.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Simmons, Kaneatra; Whitman, Jennifer; Melnick, Nikkol; Tondella, Maria L.; Ades, Edwin; Sampson, Jacquelyn; Carlone, George] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway,MS-F50, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM jbarr@cdc.gov NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD AUG PY 2012 VL 90 IS 2 BP 119 EP 133 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2012.04.007 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 963AO UT WOS:000305592700010 PM 22537821 ER PT J AU Rocheleau, CM Romitti, PA Sherlock, SH Sanderson, WT Bell, EM Druschel, C AF Rocheleau, Carissa M. Romitti, Paul A. Sherlock, Stacey Hockett Sanderson, Wayne T. Bell, Erin M. Druschel, Charlotte TI Effect of survey instrument on participation in a follow-up study: a randomization study of a mailed questionnaire versus a computer-assisted telephone interview SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID HEALTH SURVEY; HOME INTERVIEW; RESPONDENTS; NONRESPONSE; QUALITY; TRIAL; PROXY AB Background: Many epidemiological and public health surveys report increasing difficulty obtaining high participation rates. We conducted a pilot follow-up study to determine whether a mailed or telephone survey would better facilitate data collection in a subset of respondents to an earlier telephone survey conducted as part of the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Methods: We randomly assigned 392 eligible mothers to receive a self-administered, mailed questionnaire (MQ) or a computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) using similar recruitment protocols. If mothers gave permission to contact the fathers, fathers were recruited to complete the same instrument (MQ or CATI) as mothers. Results: Mothers contacted for the MQ, within all demographic strata examined, were more likely to participate than those contacted for the CATI (86.6% vs. 70.6%). The median response time for mothers completing the MQ was 17 days, compared to 29 days for mothers completing the CATI. Mothers completing the MQ also required fewer reminder calls or letters to finish participation versus those assigned to the CATI (median 3 versus 6), though they were less likely to give permission to contact the father (75.0% vs. 85.8%). Fathers contacted for the MQ, however, had higher participation compared to fathers contacted for the CATI (85.2% vs. 54.5%). Fathers recruited to the MQ also had a shorter response time (median 17 days) and required fewer reminder calls and letters (median 3 reminders) than those completing the CATI (medians 28 days and 6 reminders). Conclusions: We concluded that offering a MQ substantially improved participation rates and reduced recruitment effort compared to a CATI in this study. While a CATI has the advantage of being able to clarify answers to complex questions or eligibility requirements, our experience suggests that a MQ might be a good survey option for some studies. C1 [Rocheleau, Carissa M.; Romitti, Paul A.; Sherlock, Stacey Hockett] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Rocheleau, Carissa M.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Sanderson, Wayne T.] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Bell, Erin M.; Druschel, Charlotte] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Rensselaer, NY 12144 USA. [Druschel, Charlotte] New York State Dept Hlth, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Rocheleau, CM (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM crocheleau@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50CCU713238/U01DD000492, U50CCU223184/U01DD0004870]; NIOSH FX The authors would like to thank Kara Grasty and Holly Erschens from The University of Iowa for their assistance in recruitment and interviewing participants, and Tanner Wenzel from The University of Iowa for designing the recruitment tracking databases and programming the CATI. This work was funded by grants sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U50CCU713238/U01DD000492 and U50CCU223184/U01DD0004870). Dr. Rocheleau also received dissertation support from the Heartland Center for Occupational Safety and Health at the University of Iowa, a NIOSH-funded Education and Research Center. No funding body had any role in the design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; nor was any funding body involved in the writing of the manuscript or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health or Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD JUL 31 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 579 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-12-579 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 048ZW UT WOS:000311952800001 PM 22849754 ER PT J AU Gargano, JW Laserson, K Muttai, H Odhiambo, F Orimba, V Adamu-Zeh, M Williamson, J Sewe, M Nyabiage, L Owuor, K Broz, D Marston, B Ackers, M AF Gargano, Julia W. Laserson, Kayla Muttai, Hellen Odhiambo, Frank Orimba, Vincent Adamu-Zeh, Mirabelle Williamson, John Sewe, Maquins Nyabiage, Lennah Owuor, Karen Broz, Dita Marston, Barbara Ackers, Marta TI The adult population impact of HIV care and antiretroviral therapy in a resource poor setting, 2003-2008 SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE AIDS/HIV; antiretroviral therapy; mortality; population surveillance ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RURAL WESTERN KENYA; VERBAL AUTOPSY; TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; COTRIMOXAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; SOUTH-AFRICA; MORTALITY; UGANDA AB Objective: To describe the population uptake of HIV care including antiretroviral therapy (ART) and its impact on adult mortality in a rural area of western Kenya with high HIV prevalence during a period of rapid HIV services scale-up. Design: Adult medical chart data were abstracted at health facilities providing HIV care/ART to residents of a Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) and linked with HDSS demographic and mortality data. Methods: We evaluated secular trends in patient characteristics across enrollment years and estimated proportions of HIV-positive adult residents receiving care. We evaluated adult (18-64 years) population mortality trends using verbal autopsy findings. Results: From 2003 to 2008, 5421 HDSS-resident adults enrolled in HIV care; 61.4% (n = 3331) were linked to HDSS follow-up data. As the number of facilities expanded from 1 (2003) to 17 (2008), receipt of HIV services by HIV-positive residents increased from less than 1 to 29.5%, and ART coverage reached 64.0% of adults with CD4 cell count less than 250 cells/mu l. The proportion of patients with WHO stage 4 at enrollment decreased from 20.4 to 1.9%, and CD4 cell count testing at enrollment increased from 1.0 to 53.4%. Population-level mortality rates for adults declined 34% for all causes, 26% for AIDS/tuberculosis, and 47% for other infectious diseases; noninfectious disease mortality rates remained constant. Conclusion: The initial years of rapid HIV service expansion coincided with a drop in adult mortality by a third. Continued expansion of population access to HIV clinical services, including ART, and program quality improvements will be necessary to achieve further progress in reducing HIV-related morbidity and mortality. (C) 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Gargano, Julia W.; Broz, Dita] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gargano, Julia W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Laserson, Kayla; Odhiambo, Frank; Orimba, Vincent; Adamu-Zeh, Mirabelle; Sewe, Maquins; Owuor, Karen] CDC Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, Nyanza, Kenya. [Muttai, Hellen; Williamson, John; Broz, Dita; Marston, Barbara; Ackers, Marta] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nyabiage, Lennah] Kenya Minist Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Gargano, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, MS C09,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM igc5@cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U19CI000323-05] FX This work received funding support through the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (cooperative agreement number 5U19CI000323-05). NR 39 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUL 31 PY 2012 VL 26 IS 12 BP 1545 EP 1554 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328353b7b9 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 977NN UT WOS:000306670300012 PM 22441254 ER PT J AU Laksanalamai, P Joseph, LA Silk, BJ Burall, LS Tarr, CL Gerner-Smidt, P Datta, AR AF Laksanalamai, Pongpan Joseph, Lavin A. Silk, Benjamin J. Burall, Laurel S. Tarr, Cheryl L. Gerner-Smidt, Peter Datta, Atin R. TI Genomic Characterization of Listeria monocytogenes Strains Involved in a Multistate Listeriosis Outbreak Associated with Cantaloupe in US SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; UNITED-STATES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PULSENET; MEAT; DIVERSITY; ENVIRONMENT; EVOLUTION; INFECTION; PROTOCOL AB A multistate listeriosis outbreak associated with cantaloupe consumption was reported in the United States in September, 2011. The outbreak investigation recorded a total of 146 invasive illnesses, 30 deaths and one miscarriage. Subtyping of the outbreak associated clinical, food and environmental isolates revealed two serotypes (1/2a and 1/2b) and four pulsed-field gel electrophoresis two-enzyme pattern combinations I, II, III, and IV, including one rarely seen before this outbreak. A DNA-microarray, Listeria GeneChip (R), developed by FDA from 24 Listeria monocytogenes genome sequences, was used to further characterize a representative sample of the outbreak isolates. The microarray data ( in the form of present or absent calls of specific DNA sequences) separated the isolates into two distinct groups as per their serotypes. The gene content of the outbreak-associated isolates was distinct from that of the previously-reported outbreak strains belonging to the same serotypes. Although the 1/2b outbreak associated isolates are closely related to each other, the 1/2a isolates could be further divided into two distinct genomic groups, one represented by pattern combination I strains and the other represented by highly similar pattern combinations III and IV strains. Gene content analysis of these groups revealed unique genomic sequences associated with these two 1/2a genovars. This work underscores the utility of multiple approaches, such as serotyping, PFGE and DNA microarray analysis to characterize the composition of complex polyclonal listeriosis outbreaks. C1 [Laksanalamai, Pongpan; Burall, Laurel S.; Datta, Atin R.] FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Laurel, MD USA. [Joseph, Lavin A.; Silk, Benjamin J.; Tarr, Cheryl L.; Gerner-Smidt, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Laksanalamai, P (reprint author), FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Laurel, MD USA. EM Atin.datta@fda.hhs.gov NR 48 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 26 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 31 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 7 AR e42448 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0042448 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 982LS UT WOS:000307045600101 PM 22860127 ER PT J AU Millett, GA Peterson, JL Flores, SA Hart, TA Jeffries, WL Wilson, PA Rourke, SB Heilig, CM Elford, J Fenton, KA Remis, RS AF Millett, Gregorio A. Peterson, John L. Flores, Stephen A. Hart, Trevor A. Jeffries, William L. Wilson, Patrick A. Rourke, Sean B. Heilig, Charles M. Elford, Jonathan Fenton, Kevin A. Remis, Robert S. TI Comparisons of disparities and risks of HIV infection in black and other men who have sex with men in Canada, UK, and USA: a meta-analysis SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; PREVALENCE; BEHAVIORS; ABUSE; AGE; MSM AB Background We did a meta-analysis to assess factors associated with disparities in HIV infection in black men who have sex with men (MSM) in Canada, the UK, and the USA. Methods We searched Embase, Medline, Google Scholar, and online conference proceedings from Jan 1, 1981, to Dec 31, 2011, for racial comparative studies with quantitative outcomes associated with HIV risk or HIV infection. Key words and Medical Subject Headings (US National Library of Medicine) relevant to race were cross-referenced with citations pertinent to homosexuality in Canada, the UK, and the USA. Data were aggregated across studies for every outcome of interest to estimate overall effect sizes, which were converted into summary ORs for 106 148 black MSM relative to 581 577 other MSM. Findings We analysed seven studies from Canada, 13 from the UK, and 174 from the USA. In every country, black MSM were as likely to engage similarly in serodiscordant unprotected sex as other MSM. Black MSM in Canada and the USA were less likely than other MSM to have a history of substance use (odds ratio, OR, 0.53, 95% CI 0.38-0.75, for Canada and 0.67, 0.50-0.92, for the USA). Black MSM in the UK (1.86, 1.58-2.18) and the USA (3.00, 2.06-4.40) were more likely to be HIV positive than were other MSM, but HIV-positive black MSM in each country were less likely (22% in the UK and 60% in the USA) to initiate combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) than other HIV-positive MSM. US HIV-positive black MSM were also less likely to have health insurance, have a high CD4 count, adhere to cART, or be virally suppressed than were other US HIV-positive MSM. Notably, despite a two-fold greater odds of having any structural barrier that increases HIV risk (eg, unemployment, low income, previous incarceration, or less education) compared with other US MSM, US black MSM were more likely to report any preventive behaviour against HIV infection (1.39, 1.23-1.57). For outcomes associated with HIV infection, disparities were greatest for US black MSM versus other MSM for structural barriers, sex partner demographics (eg, age, race), and HIV care outcomes, whereas disparities were least for sexual risk outcomes. Interpretation Similar racial disparities in HIV and sexually transmitted infections and cART initiation are seen in MSM in the UK and the USA. Elimination of disparities in HIV infection in black MSM cannot be accomplished without addressing structural barriers or differences in HIV clinical care access and outcomes. C1 [Millett, Gregorio A.; Flores, Stephen A.; Jeffries, William L.; Heilig, Charles M.; Fenton, Kevin A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Peterson, John L.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Psychol, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Hart, Trevor A.; Remis, Robert S.] Ryerson Univ, Dept Psychol, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Hart, Trevor A.] Univ Toronto, Dala Lana Sch Publ Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Wilson, Patrick A.] Columbia Univ, Dept Sociomed Sci, New York, NY USA. [Rourke, Sean B.] Univ Toronto, Dept Psychiat, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Remis, Robert S.] Univ Toronto, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Elford, Jonathan] City Univ London, Dept Publ Hlth, London EC1V 0HB, England. RP Millett, GA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, E St SW,MS-06, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM gmillett@cdc.gov RI Heilig, Charles/C-2753-2008; OI Heilig, Charles/0000-0003-1075-1310; Hart, Trevor/0000-0001-5107-7452 NR 22 TC 184 Z9 185 U1 6 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 28 PY 2012 VL 380 IS 9839 BP 341 EP 348 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60899-X PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 979TN UT WOS:000306842800031 PM 22819656 ER PT J AU Millett, GA Jeffries, WL Peterson, JL Malebranche, DJ Lane, T Flores, SA Fenton, KA Wilson, PA Steiner, R Heilig, CM AF Millett, Gregorio A. Jeffries, William L. Peterson, John L. Malebranche, David J. Lane, Tim Flores, Stephen A. Fenton, Kevin A. Wilson, Patrick A. Steiner, Riley Heilig, Charles M. TI Common roots: a contextual review of HIV epidemics in black men who have sex with men across the African diaspora SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; CONSPIRACY BELIEFS; RISK BEHAVIORS; AMERICAN MEN; PARTNER CHARACTERISTICS; CIRCUMCISION STATUS; FOOD INSECURITY; SOUTH-AFRICA AB Pooled estimates from across the African diaspora show that black men who have sex with men (MSM) are 15 times more likely to be HIV positive compared with general populations and 8.5 times more likely compared with black populations. Disparities in the prevalence of HIV infection are greater in African and Caribbean countries that criminalise homosexual activity than in those that do not criminalise such behaviour. With the exception of US and African epidemiological studies, most studies of black MSM mainly focus on outcomes associated with HIV behavioural risk rather than on prevalence, incidence, or undiagnosed infection. Nevertheless, black MSM across the African diaspora share common experiences such as discrimination, cultural norms valuing masculinity, concerns about confidentiality during HIV testing or treatment, low access to HIV drugs, threats of violence or incarceration, and few targeted HIV prevention resources. C1 [Millett, Gregorio A.; Jeffries, William L.; Flores, Stephen A.; Fenton, Kevin A.; Steiner, Riley; Heilig, Charles M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Peterson, John L.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Psychol, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Malebranche, David J.] Emory Univ, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Lane, Tim] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr AIDS Prevent Studies, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Wilson, Patrick A.] Columbia Univ, Dept Sociomed Sci, New York, NY USA. RP Millett, GA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 395 E St, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM gmillett@CDC.gov RI Heilig, Charles/C-2753-2008 OI Heilig, Charles/0000-0003-1075-1310 NR 131 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 28 PY 2012 VL 380 IS 9839 BP 411 EP 423 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60722-3 PG 13 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 979TN UT WOS:000306842800039 PM 22819654 ER PT J AU Johnson, DC Chasela, C Maliwichi, M Mwafongo, A Akinkuotu, A Moses, A Jamieson, DJ Kourtis, AP King, CC van der Horst, C Hosseinipour, MC AF Johnson, Derek C. Chasela, Charles Maliwichi, Madalitso Mwafongo, Albert Akinkuotu, Adesola Moses, Agness Jamieson, Denise J. Kourtis, Athena P. King, Caroline C. van der Horst, Charlie Hosseinipour, Mina C. TI Tenofovir Use and Renal Insufficiency among Pregnant and General Adult Population of HIV-infected, ART-Naive Individuals in Lilongwe, Malawi SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; FOLLOW-UP; DISEASE; PREVALENCE; HEMODYNAMICS; TRANSMISSION; NEPHROPATHY; OUTPATIENT; IMPAIRMENT; TOXICITY AB Background: The Malawian government recently changed its prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) regimen and plans to change its first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen to Tenofovir(TDF)/Lamivudine/Efavirenz as a fixed-dose combination tablet. Implementation could be challenging if baseline creatinine clearance (CrCl) screening were required to assess renal function prior to TDF therapy. Our goal is to determine predictors of CrCl<50 ml/min among HIV-infected, ART-naive individuals. Methodology: Data on HIV-infected, ART-naive adults screened for enrollment into 5 HIV clinical trials in Lilongwe, Malawi were combined for a pooled analysis of predictors for CrCl<50 ml/min. CrCl was derived from the Cockroft-Gault equation. Multivariable logistic regression modeled the association of age, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin, CD4 cell count <350 cells/mm(3), gender, and pregnancy with CrCl<50 ml/min. Results: The analysis included 3508 patients with values for creatinine clearance. Most subjects were female (90.6%) with a median age of 26 years (IQR 22-29). The median CD4 cell count was 444 (IQR 298.0-561.0), and 85.2% percent of women in our study were pregnant. Few patients had CrCl<50 ml/min (n = 38, 1.1%). A BMI less than 18.5 in non-pregnant females (OR = 8.87, 95% CI = 2.45-32.09)) was associated with CrCl<50 ml/min. Hemoglobin level higher than 10 g/dL in males (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.56-0.86) and non-pregnant females (OR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.04-0.97) was protective against CrCl<50 ml/min. Discussion: Our findings indicate few patients would be excluded from a TDF-based antiretroviral regimen, suggesting baseline creatinine clearance assessment may not be necessary for implementation. However, in ART settings individuals with low BMI or anemia could potentially be at increased risk for lower CrCl. C1 [Johnson, Derek C.; Chasela, Charles; Maliwichi, Madalitso; Mwafongo, Albert; Akinkuotu, Adesola; Moses, Agness; van der Horst, Charlie; Hosseinipour, Mina C.] Univ N Carolina Project Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Jamieson, Denise J.; Kourtis, Athena P.; King, Caroline C.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Johnson, DC (reprint author), Univ N Carolina Project Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi. EM Frg1@uab.edu FU Fogarty International Clinical Research Scholars and Fellows (FICRS-F) Program FX The Fogarty International Clinical Research Scholars and Fellows (FICRS-F) Program funded the research. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 27 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 7 AR e41011 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0041011 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 981ER UT WOS:000306950200038 PM 22848422 ER PT J AU Kanitz, EE Wu, LA Giambi, C Strikas, RA Levy-Bruhl, D Stefanoff, P Mereckiene, J Appelgren, E D'Ancona, F AF Kanitz, Elisabeth E. Wu, Lauren A. Giambi, Cristina Strikas, Raymond A. Levy-Bruhl, Daniel Stefanoff, Pawel Mereckiene, Jolita Appelgren, Eva D'Ancona, Fortunato CA Contact Points TI Variation in adult vaccination policies across Europe: An overview from VENICE network on vaccine recommendations, funding and coverage SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Vaccination policy; Adult Vaccination; Europe ID PERTUSSIS; UNION AB Background: In 2010-2011, in the framework of the VENICE project, we surveyed European Union (EU) and Economic Area (EEA) countries to fill the gap of information regarding vaccination policies in adults. This project was carried out in collaboration with the United States National Vaccine Program Office, who conducted a similar survey in all developed countries. Methods: VENICE representatives of all 29 EU/EEA-countries received an online questionnaire including vaccination schedule, recommendations, funding and coverage in adults for 17 vaccine-preventable diseases. Results: The response rate was 100%. The definition of age threshold for adulthood for the purpose of vaccination ranged from 15 to 19 years (median = 18 years). EU/EEA-countries recommend between 4 and 16 vaccines for adults (median = 11 vaccines). Tetanus and diphtheria vaccines are recommended to all adults in 22 and 21 countries respectively. The other vaccines are mostly recommended to specific risk groups; recommendations for seasonal influenza and hepatitis B exist in all surveyed countries. Six countries have a comprehensive summary document or schedule describing all vaccines which are recommended for adults. None of the surveyed countries was able to provide coverage estimates for all the recommended adult vaccines. Conclusions: Vaccination policies for adults are not consistent across Europe, including the meaning of "recommended vaccine" which is not comparable among countries. Coverage data for adults should be collected routinely like for children vaccination. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kanitz, Elisabeth E.; Giambi, Cristina; Appelgren, Eva; D'Ancona, Fortunato] Ist Super Sanita, Natl Ctr Epidemiol Surveillance & Hlth Promot CNE, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Strikas, Raymond A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Levy-Bruhl, Daniel] Inst Veille Sanit, St Maurice, France. [Stefanoff, Pawel] Natl Inst Hyg, Natl Inst Publ Hlth, PL-00791 Warsaw, Poland. [Mereckiene, Jolita] Hlth Protect Surveillance Ctr, Dublin, Ireland. RP D'Ancona, F (reprint author), Ist Super Sanita, CNESPS, Reparto Epidemiol Malattie Infett, Viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Rome, Italy. EM dancona@iss.it RI D'Ancona, Fortunato/B-2139-2013; Stefanoff, Pawel/E-5506-2013 OI D'Ancona, Fortunato/0000-0002-9855-2924; Stefanoff, Pawel/0000-0003-0087-0906 NR 27 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 27 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 35 BP 5222 EP 5228 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.06.012 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 983RT UT WOS:000307137100006 PM 22721901 ER PT J AU Sullender, W Fowler, K Krishnan, A Gupta, V Moulton, LH Lafond, K Widdowson, MA Lal, RB Broor, S AF Sullender, Wayne Fowler, Karen Krishnan, Anand Gupta, Vivek Moulton, Lawrence H. Lafond, Kathryn Widdowson, Marc-Alain Lal, Renu B. Broor, Shobha TI Design and initiation of a study to assess the direct and indirect effects of influenza vaccine given to children in rural India SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Vaccine; Developing country; India; Child ID CLUSTER-RANDOMIZED TRIALS; RECOMMENDATIONS; IMMUNIZATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTION; PNEUMONIA; COMMITTEE; DISEASE; SPREAD AB The burden of disease due to influenza is not well characterized for children in developing countries and the effectiveness of available influenza vaccines in lower resource settings has not been established. We initiated a prospective, longitudinal, phase IV, household-randomized, controlled, observer-blinded three year study (2009-2011) in a rural community of India to measure the total and indirect household protective effects of immunizing children ages 6 months through 10 years with seasonal inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) or a control vaccine (n = 3697). Active weekly surveillance was conducted year round with home visits for identification of febrile acute respiratory illness (FARI) conducted for all vaccine recipients and household members (n = 18,220). Nasal and throat swabs were collected from each FARI episode for influenza detection by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The primary outcome was reduction in laboratory confirmed influenza infections in the influenza vaccine versus control vaccine group, with secondary outcome assessing indirect effects among the entire study population. This report describes the study site, cluster study design, choice of study and control vaccines, and the initial enrollment in the study. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sullender, Wayne] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Pediat, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Krishnan, Anand; Broor, Shobha] All India Inst Med Sci, Delhi, India. [Gupta, Vivek] Int Clin Epidemiol Network, Delhi, India. [Moulton, Lawrence H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lafond, Kathryn; Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Lal, Renu B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sullender, W (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Pediat, CHB 114, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM wsull@me.com OI Gupta, Vivek/0000-0002-6157-3705; Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933; Krishnan, Anand/0000-0002-9173-7811; Moulton, Lawrence/0000-0001-7041-7387 FU CDC [U011P000177] FX Funding was provided by the CDC, cooperative agreement U011P000177. The contents of the manuscript are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official view of CDC. NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 27 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 35 BP 5235 EP 5239 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.06.002 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 983RT UT WOS:000307137100008 PM 22709952 ER PT J AU Wejnert, C Pham, H Oster, AM DiNenno, EA Smith, A Krishna, N Lansky, A AF Wejnert, Cyprian Pham, Huong Oster, Alexandra M. DiNenno, Elizabeth A. Smith, Amanda Krishna, Nevin Lansky, Amy TI HIV Infection and HIV-Associated Behaviors Among Injecting Drug Users-20 Cities, United States, 2009 (Retraction from vol 61, pg 133, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Wejnert, Cyprian; Pham, Huong; Oster, Alexandra M.; DiNenno, Elizabeth A.; Smith, Amanda; Krishna, Nevin; Lansky, Amy] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wejnert, C (reprint author), CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cwejnert@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 25 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 4 BP 332 EP 335 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 977SR UT WOS:000306685500008 ER PT J AU McIntyre, MG Stevens, KM Davidson, S Pippin, T Magill, D Kulhanjian, JA Kelly, D Greenhow, TL Salas, ML Yagi, S Padilla, T Berumen, R Glaser, C Landry, ML Lott, J Chen, L Paulson, S Peek, M Hanley, K Todd, R Iser, J Blau, DM Rogers, S Nix, A Oberste, S Stockman, LJ Schneider, E AF McIntyre, Mary G. Stevens, Kelly M. Davidson, Sherri Pippin, Tina Magill, Dagny Kulhanjian, Julie A. Kelly, Daniel Greenhow, Tara L. Salas, Maria L. Yagi, Shigeo Padilla, Tasha Berumen, Ricardo Glaser, Carol Landry, Marie Louise Lott, Jason Chen, Lei Paulson, Susanne Peek, Melissa Hanley, Kathleen Todd, Randall Iser, Joseph Blau, Dianna M. Rogers, Shannon Nix, Allan Oberste, Steve Stockman, Lauren J. Schneider, Eileen TI Notes From the Field: Severe Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Associated With Coxsackievirus A6-Alabama, Connecticut, California, and Nevada, November 2011-February 2012 (Retraction from vol 61, pg 213, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Rogers, Shannon; Nix, Allan; Oberste, Steve; Stockman, Lauren J.; Schneider, Eileen] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kulhanjian, Julie A.] Childrens Hosp & Res Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Kelly, Daniel] Pacific Pediat Med Grp, San Francisco, CA USA. [Greenhow, Tara L.] Kaiser Permanente, San Francisco, CA USA. [Landry, Marie Louise; Lott, Jason] Yale New Haven Med Ctr, New Haven, CT 06504 USA. [Chen, Lei; Paulson, Susanne; Peek, Melissa; Hanley, Kathleen; Todd, Randall; Iser, Joseph] Washoe Cty Hlth Dist, Reno, NV USA. RP Stockman, LJ (reprint author), CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lstockman@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 25 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 4 BP 335 EP 335 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 977SR UT WOS:000306685500009 ER PT J AU Mermin, J Fenton, KA AF Mermin, Jonathan Fenton, Kevin A. TI The Future of HIV Prevention in the United States SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS; INFECTION C1 [Mermin, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mermin, Jonathan; Fenton, Kevin A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mermin, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Mailstop E-21,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jhm7@cdc.gov RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012 NR 10 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 25 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 4 BP 347 EP 348 DI 10.1001/jama.2012.8693 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 977SR UT WOS:000306685500020 PM 22820785 ER PT J AU Aidoo, M Patel, JC Barnwell, JW AF Aidoo, Michael Patel, Jaymin C. Barnwell, John W. TI Dried Plasmodium falciparum-infected samples as positive controls for malaria rapid diagnostic tests SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-ASSURANCE; TANZANIA; IMPLEMENTATION; CHILDREN; UGANDA; ZAMBIA; AREA AB Background: Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are central to fulfilling the WHO's recommendation for parasitologic confirmation of all suspected cases of malaria. RDT performance may be compromised when exposed to the high temperature conditions typical of most malaria endemic regions. However, a systematic method to monitor RDT quality and performance in endemic countries is lacking at the present time. Current methods to monitor RDT performance in the field include comparing results from RDTs to diagnoses made by light microscopy and observing health workers perform tests. These methods are not substitutes for direct quality control. In this study, the suitability of dried Plasmodium falciparum-infected blood as quality control samples for malaria RDTs was evaluated. Methods: Three cultured strains of P. falciparum at 200 and 2,000 parasites/mu l were tested on 10 brands of RDT. After baseline testing to determine initial reactivity, aliquots of parasite-infected blood were air dried, stored at 35 degrees C, room temperature (similar to 25 degrees C) or 4 degrees C for one, four and 12 weeks and were then tested on the 10 RDTs after rehydration. Extended stability testing of dried blood stored at 4 degrees C was done using P. falciparum strain 3D7 at 1,000 and 2,000 parasites/mu l. Results: All dried blood samples at 2,000 parasites/mu l retained reactivity (100% sensitivity) at all three temperatures and time points for all nine RDT brands that detect histidine-rich protein-2 (HRP2). The dried blood samples with 200 parasites/mu l were detected by six of the nine HRP2-based RDTs at all storage temperatures and time points. The sensitivity for two of the three remaining HRP2-based RDTs was 100% up to four weeks of storage at all temperatures but dropped to 87.5% at week 12. Of the four RDTs that detect plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) in a pan-specific manner, alone or in combination with HRP2, the detection of pLDH in samples with 2,000 parasites/mu L was 100% for two RDTs and 80% for the other two RDTs. The mean level for detection of pLDH at 200 parasites/mu l was low (29%), with a range of 0% to 100%, which was partly attributable to weak initial baseline reactivity. Reactivity of dried 3D7 at 1,000 and 2,000 parasites/mu l stored at 4 degrees C was retained at 100% for up to 52 weeks for both HRP2 and pLDH. Conclusions: In the absence of native or recombinant positive control antigens, well-standardized P. falciparum-infected dried blood samples can be used as positive control samples for monitoring RDT performance, particularly with HRP2-detecting tests. C1 [Aidoo, Michael; Patel, Jaymin C.; Barnwell, John W.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Aidoo, M (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM maidoo@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 23 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 239 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-11-239 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 033HT UT WOS:000310785700001 PM 22823999 ER PT J AU Hallal, PC Bauman, AE Heath, GW Kohl, HW Lee, IM Pratt, M AF Hallal, Pedro C. Bauman, Adrian E. Heath, Gregory W. Kohl, Harold W., III Lee, I-Min Pratt, Michael TI Physical activity: more of the same is not enough SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEALTH C1 [Hallal, Pedro C.] Univ Fed Pelotas, BR-96030002 Pelotas, Brazil. [Bauman, Adrian E.] Univ Sydney, Sch Publ Hlth, Prevent Res Collaborat, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Heath, Gregory W.] Univ Tennessee, Coll Med, Chattanooga, TN USA. [Kohl, Harold W., III] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Houston Sch Publ Hlth, Austin, TX USA. [Kohl, Harold W., III] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Kinesiol & Hlth Educ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Lee, I-Min] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Prevent Med, Boston, MA USA. [Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hallal, PC (reprint author), Univ Fed Pelotas, BR-96030002 Pelotas, Brazil. EM prchallal@terra.com.br RI Epidemiologicas, Centro de pesquisas /D-4561-2013; Hallal, Pedro/A-3249-2011 OI Hallal, Pedro/0000-0003-1470-6461 NR 10 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 21 PY 2012 VL 380 IS 9838 BP 190 EP 191 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61027-7 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 976TV UT WOS:000306609200005 PM 22818932 ER PT J AU Lee, IM Shiroma, EJ Lobelo, F Puska, P Blair, SN Katzmarzyk, PT AF Lee, I-Min Shiroma, Eric J. Lobelo, Felipe Puska, Pekka Blair, Steven N. Katzmarzyk, Peter T. CA Lancet Phys Activity Series Workin TI Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: an analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; BREAST-CANCER; METAANALYSIS; RISK; SMOKING; POPULATION; INTENSITY; CHINA AB Background Strong evidence shows that physical inactivity increases the risk of many adverse health conditions, including major non-communicable diseases such as coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and breast and colon cancers, and shortens life expectancy. Because much of the world's population is inactive, this link presents a major public health issue. We aimed to quantify the effect of physical inactivity on these major non-communicable diseases by estimating how much disease could be averted if inactive people were to become active and to estimate gain in life expectancy at the population level. Methods For our analysis of burden of disease, we calculated population attributable fractions (PAFs) associated with physical inactivity using conservative assumptions for each of the major non-communicable diseases, by country, to estimate how much disease could be averted if physical inactivity were eliminated. We used life-table analysis to estimate gains in life expectancy of the population. Findings Worldwide, we estimate that physical inactivity causes 6% (ranging from 3.2% in southeast Asia to 7.8% in the eastern Mediterranean region) of the burden of disease from coronary heart disease, 7% (3.9-9.6) of type 2 diabetes, 10% (5.6-14.1) of breast cancer, and 10% (5.7-13.8) of colon cancer. Inactivity causes 9% (range 5.1-12.5) of premature mortality, or more than 5.3 million of the 57 million deaths that occurred worldwide in 2008. If inactivity were not eliminated, but decreased instead by 10% or 25%, more than 533 000 and more than 1.3 million deaths, respectively, could be averted every year. We estimated that elimination of physical inactivity would increase the life expectancy of the world's population by 0.68 (range 0.41-0.95) years. Interpretation Physical inactivity has a major health effect worldwide. Decrease in or removal of this unhealthy behaviour could improve health substantially. C1 [Lee, I-Min] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Prevent Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Shiroma, Eric J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Lobelo, Felipe] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Hlth Promot Off, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Puska, Pekka] Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Helsinki, Finland. [Blair, Steven N.] Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol Biostat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Blair, Steven N.] Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Exercise Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Katzmarzyk, Peter T.] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. RP Lee, IM (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Prevent Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM ilee@rics.bwh.harvard.edu RI Martin, Brian/H-3241-2012; lobelo, felipe/B-9148-2013; Parra, Diana/D-7633-2013; Kahlmeier, Sonja/B-8141-2014; Reis, Rodrigo/F-7447-2012; OI Lobelo, Felipe/0000-0003-4185-7193; Owen, Neville/0000-0003-2784-4820; Sarmiento, Olga/0000-0002-9190-3568; Goenka, Shifalika/0000-0001-6993-2883; Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Kahlmeier, Sonja/0000-0001-6905-9244; Reis, Rodrigo/0000-0002-9872-9865; Katzmarzyk, Peter/0000-0002-9280-6022 FU US National Institutes of Health [CA154647, HL007575]; Louisiana Public Facilities Authority Endowed Chair in Nutrition FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. I-ML was supported in part by grant CA154647 from the US National Institutes of Health. EJS was supported in part by grant HL007575 from the US National Institutes of Health. PTK was supported in part by the Louisiana Public Facilities Authority Endowed Chair in Nutrition. We thank Kenneth E Powell, Shane A Norris, and Beverly J Levine for reviewing a previous draft of the report and providing critical input. We thank several people for providing data to calculate the adjustment factor: David Batty, Kennet Harald, Duck-chul Lee, Charles E Matthews, Martin Shipley, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Xuemei Sui, and Nicholas J Wareham. We thank Jacob R Sattelmair and Kathleen Y Wolin for assisting with meta-analyses. NR 30 TC 1207 Z9 1259 U1 39 U2 292 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 21 PY 2012 VL 380 IS 9838 BP 219 EP 229 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61031-9 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 976TV UT WOS:000306609200031 PM 22818936 ER PT J AU Pratt, M Sarmiento, OL Montes, F Ogilvie, D Marcus, BH Perez, LG Brownson, RC AF Pratt, Michael Sarmiento, Olga L. Montes, Felipe Ogilvie, David Marcus, Bess H. Perez, Lilian G. Brownson, Ross C. CA Lancet Phys Activity Series Workin TI The implications of megatrends in information and communication technology and transportation for changes in global physical activity SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; WEB-BASED INTERVENTION; OF-THE-LITERATURE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS; ACTIVITY BEHAVIOR; PROMOTE WALKING; INTERNET; DIFFUSION; TRANSIT AB Physical inactivity accounts for more than 3 million deaths per year, most from non-communicable diseases in low-income and middle-income countries. We used reviews of physical activity interventions and a simulation model to examine how megatrends in information and communication technology and transportation directly and indirectly affect levels of physical activity across countries of low, middle, and high income. The model suggested that the direct and potentiating effects of information and communication technology, especially mobile phones, are nearly equal in magnitude to the mean effects of planned physical activity interventions. The greatest potential to increase population physical activity might thus be in creation of synergistic policies in sectors outside health including communication and transportation. However, there remains a glaring mismatch between where studies on physical activity interventions are undertaken and where the potential lies in low-income and middle-income countries for population-level effects that will truly affect global health. C1 [Pratt, Michael; Perez, Lilian G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Pratt, Michael; Sarmiento, Olga L.] Univ Los Andes, Sch Med, CEIBA Complex Syst Res Ctr, Bogota, Colombia. [Montes, Felipe] Univ Los Andes, CEIBA Complex Syst Res Ctr, Dept Ind Engn, Bogota, Colombia. [Ogilvie, David] Inst Publ Hlth, MRC Epidemiol Unit, Cambridge, England. [Ogilvie, David] Inst Publ Hlth, UKCRC Ctr Diet & Act Res, Cambridge, England. [Marcus, Bess H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, Brown Sch, St Louis, MO USA. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Publ Hlth Sci, St Louis, MO USA. RP Pratt, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mpratt@cdc.gov RI Martin, Brian/H-3241-2012; lobelo, felipe/B-9148-2013; Kahlmeier, Sonja/B-8141-2014; Reis, Rodrigo/F-7447-2012; Emchi, Karma/Q-1952-2016; OI Kahlmeier, Sonja/0000-0001-6905-9244; Reis, Rodrigo/0000-0002-9872-9865; Katzmarzyk, Peter/0000-0002-9280-6022; Owen, Neville/0000-0003-2784-4820; Sarmiento, Olga/0000-0002-9190-3568; Goenka, Shifalika/0000-0001-6993-2883; Lobelo, Felipe/0000-0003-4185-7193 FU Coca Cola Company; International Union for Health Promotion and Education; Centre for Diet and Activity Research; UKCRC Public Health Research Centre of Excellence; British Heart Foundation; Economic and Social Research Council; Medical Research Council; National Institute for Health Research; Wellcome Trust; UK Clinical Research Collaboration; Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Basic and Applied Complexity; CeiBA (Bogota, Colombia) [519 2010]; CDC Prevention Research Center's programme [U48/DP001903] FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). We thank Andres Medaglia Gonzalez and Roberto Zarama for their mentoring support and Carlos Grijalba, Carlos Pedraza, and Andrea Ramirez for their contributions to the systematic search (Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia), and Britta Larsen (University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA) and Madalena Soares (CDC) for their assistance with the report; several organisations that have provided grant support to one or more of the authors and their research teams: the Coca Cola Company (unrestricted training grant to the CDC Foundation in support of the work of MP, LGP, and Madalena Soares); the International Union for Health Promotion and Education (partial support of in-person writing meetings in Atlanta, GA, USA, and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil); the Centre for Diet and Activity Research, a UKCRC Public Health Research Centre of Excellence funded by the British Heart Foundation, Economic and Social Research Council, Medical Research Council, National Institute for Health Research, and the Wellcome Trust under the auspices of the UK Clinical Research Collaboration (support of DO); the Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Basic and Applied Complexity, CeiBA (Bogota, Colombia; Colciencias grant 519 2010, support of FM); and the CDC Prevention Research Center's programme contract U48/DP001903 (Applying Evidence-Physical Activity Recommendations in Brazil) for support of RCB. NR 97 TC 81 Z9 85 U1 5 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 21 PY 2012 VL 380 IS 9838 BP 282 EP 293 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60736-3 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 976TV UT WOS:000306609200037 PM 22818940 ER PT J AU Lu, L Suo, LD Li, J Zhai, LJ Zheng, QX Pang, XH Bialek, SR Wang, CB AF Lu, Li Suo, Luodan Li, Juan Zhai, Lijun Zheng, Qingxiu Pang, Xinghuo Bialek, Stephanie R. Wang, Chengbin TI A varicella outbreak in a school with high one-dose vaccination coverage, Beijing, China SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Varicella outbreak; Varicella vaccine effectiveness ID 2-DOSE VACCINATION; TIME; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Background: Varicella vaccine is available in the private sector in China, with a single dose currently recommended for children aged >= 12 months. We investigated a varicella outbreak in a school in Beijing with high varicella vaccination coverage to describe the outbreak, examine risk factors for vaccine failure, and calculate vaccine effectiveness. Methods: A varicella case was defined as an acute generalized maculopapular rash without other apparent cause in a student without prior varicella attending the elementary school during August 30-December 28, 2010. Varicella among vaccinated students (breakthrough varicella) was defined as varicella occurring >42 days after vaccination. Students' vaccination status was verified with immunization records and clinical presentations were collected from health care practitioners. Results: Of the 951 students, 934 (98%) had no prior varicella history. Among these students, 916 had received 1 dose of varicella vaccine and 2 had received 2 doses (98% vaccination coverage) before the outbreak. A total of 87 cases occurred during the outbreak; most had breakthrough varicella (86/87, 99%) and mild disease (83/87, 95%). Age at vaccination (<15 months vs. >= 15 months) and time since vaccination before outbreak (<5 years vs. >= 5 years) were not associated with development of breakthrough varicella. Single-dose varicella vaccination was 89% effective in preventing any varicella and 99% in preventing moderate/severe varicella. Conclusion: Single-dose varicella vaccination is highly effective in reducing varicella incidence and mitigating disease severity, but not high enough to prevent outbreak. A two-dose program might help to prevent varicella outbreaks in Beijing. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bialek, Stephanie R.; Wang, Chengbin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lu, Li; Suo, Luodan; Li, Juan; Pang, Xinghuo] Beijing Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhai, Lijun; Zheng, Qingxiu] Dongcheng Dist Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Wang, CB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cwang1@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 24 TC 12 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 20 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 34 BP 5094 EP 5098 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.05.072 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 981PP UT WOS:000306982000007 PM 22687763 ER PT J AU Ma, JM Xu, JQ Anderson, RN Jemal, A AF Ma, Jiemin Xu, Jiaquan Anderson, Robert N. Jemal, Ahmedin TI Widening Educational Disparities in Premature Death Rates in Twenty Six States in the United States, 1993-2007 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; ALL-CAUSE; CANCER; INEQUALITIES; ADULTS; TRENDS; NORWAY; GAP AB Background: Eliminating socioeconomic disparities in health is an overarching goal of the U.S. Healthy People decennial initiatives. We present recent trends in mortality by education among working-aged populations. Methods and Findings: Age-standardized death rates and their average annual percent change for all-cause and five major causes (cancer, heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and accidents) were calculated from 1993 through 2007 for individuals aged 25-64 years by educational attainment as a marker of socioeconomic status, using national vital registration data for 26 states with consistent educational information on the death certificates. Rate ratios and rate differences were used to assess disparities (<= 12 versus >= 16 years of education) for 1993 through 2007. From 1993 through 2007, relative educational disparities in all-cause mortality continued to increase among working-aged men and women in the U. S., due to larger decreases of mortality rates among the most educated coupled with smaller decreases or even worsening trends in the less educated. For example, the rate ratios of all-cause mortality increased from 2.5 (95% confidence interval (CI), 2.4-2.6) in 1993 to 3.6 (95% CI, 3.5-3.7) in 2007 in men and from 1.9 (95% CI, 1.8-2.0) to 3.0 (95% CI, 2.9-3.1) in women. Generally, the rate differences (per 100,000 persons) of all-cause mortality increased from 415.5 (95% CI, 399.1-431.9) in 1993 to 472.7 (95% CI, 460.2-485.2) in 2007 in men and from 165.4 (95% CI, 154.5-176.2) to 256.2 (95% CI, 248.3-264.2) in women. Disparity patterns varied largely across the five specific causes considered in this study, with the largest increases of relative disparities for accidents, especially in women. Conclusions: Relative educational differentials in mortality continued to widen among men and women despite emphasis on reducing disparities in the U. S. Healthy People decennial initiatives. C1 [Ma, Jiemin; Jemal, Ahmedin] Amer Canc Soc, Surveillance Res Program, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Xu, Jiaquan; Anderson, Robert N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mortal Stat Branch, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. RP Ma, JM (reprint author), Amer Canc Soc, Surveillance Res Program, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jiemin.ma@cancer.org FU American Cancer Society and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The American Cancer Society and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funded the analysis, interpretation, and compilation of surveillance data. No staff at either agency, other than the authors, was involved in the conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; or preparation of the manuscript. NR 37 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 20 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 7 AR e41560 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0041560 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 977GL UT WOS:000306644600087 PM 22911814 ER PT J AU Fang, J Shaw, KM George, MG AF Fang, Jing Shaw, Kate M. George, Mary G. TI Prevalence of Stroke-United States, 2006-2010 (Reprinted form MMWR, vol 61, pg 379, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Fang, Jing; Shaw, Kate M.; George, Mary G.] CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fang, J (reprint author), CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jfang@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 18 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 3 BP 228 EP 230 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 975AC UT WOS:000306477900008 ER PT J AU Altomare, A Kirkland, K McLellan, R Talbot, E Adamski, C Alroy-Preis, S Daly, ER Dionne-Odom, J Macdonald, M Morse, D Ferrara, T Rumba, R Cartier, L Schultz, M Simone, KE Cavallo, SJ AF Altomare, Antonia Kirkland, Kathryn McLellan, Robert Talbot, Elizabeth Adamski, Christine Alroy-Preis, Sharon Daly, Elizabeth R. Dionne-Odom, Jodie Macdonald, Maureen Morse, Darlene Ferrara, Teresa Rumba, Richard Cartier, Leslie Schultz, Maxim Simone, Karen E. Cavallo, Steffany J. TI Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide in an Indoor Ice Arena-New Hampshire, 2011 (Reprinted from MMWR vol 61, pg 139, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID HOCKEY PLAYERS C1 [Cavallo, Steffany J.] CDC, CSTE Appl Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Altomare, Antonia; Kirkland, Kathryn; McLellan, Robert; Talbot, Elizabeth] Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. [Adamski, Christine; Alroy-Preis, Sharon; Daly, Elizabeth R.; Dionne-Odom, Jodie; Macdonald, Maureen; Morse, Darlene] New Hampshire Dept Hlth & Human Svcs, Concord, NH USA. [Ferrara, Teresa; Rumba, Richard] New Hampshire Dept Environm Svcs, Concord, NH USA. [Cartier, Leslie; Schultz, Maxim] New Hampshire Fire Marshals Off, Concord, NH USA. [Simone, Karen E.] No New England Poison Ctr, Portland, ME USA. RP Cavallo, SJ (reprint author), CDC, CSTE Appl Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM steffany.cavallo@dhhs.state.nh.us NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 18 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 3 BP 230 EP 232 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 975AC UT WOS:000306477900009 ER PT J AU Lobue, PA Castro, KG AF Lobue, Philip A. Castro, Kenneth G. TI Is It Time to Replace the Tuberculin Skin Test With a Blood Test? SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID GAMMA RELEASE ASSAYS; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; INFECTION; GOLD C1 [Lobue, Philip A.; Castro, Kenneth G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lobue, PA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM plobue@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 18 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 3 BP 241 EP 242 DI 10.1001/jama.2012.7511 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 975AC UT WOS:000306477900022 PM 22797639 ER PT J AU Van Rompay, KKA Trott, KA Jayashankar, K Geng, YZ LaBranche, CC Johnson, JA Landucci, G Lipscomb, J Tarara, RP Canfield, DR Heneine, W Forthal, DN Montefiori, D Abel, K AF Van Rompay, Koen K. A. Trott, Kristin A. Jayashankar, Kartika Geng, Yongzhi LaBranche, Celia C. Johnson, Jeffrey A. Landucci, Gary Lipscomb, Jonathan Tarara, Ross P. Canfield, Don R. Heneine, Walid Forthal, Donald N. Montefiori, David Abel, Kristina TI Prolonged tenofovir treatment of macaques infected with K65R reverse transcriptase mutants of SIV results in the development of antiviral immune responses that control virus replication after drug withdrawal SO RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tenofovir; PMPA; SIV; Functional cure; Antiretroviral; HIV ID SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; INFANT RHESUS MACAQUES; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; RESISTANT HIV-1 INFECTION; CD8(+) T-CELLS; SHORT-TERM; REDUCED SUSCEPTIBILITY; NEWBORN MACAQUES; VIRAL LOAD; VIREMIA AB Background: We reported previously that while prolonged tenofovir monotherapy of macaques infected with virulent simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) resulted invariably in the emergence of viral mutants with reduced in vitro drug susceptibility and a K65R mutation in reverse transcriptase, some animals controlled virus replication for years. Transient CD8+ cell depletion or short-term tenofovir interruption within 1 to 5 years of treatment demonstrated that a combination of CD8+ cell-mediated immune responses and continued tenofovir therapy was required for sustained suppression of viremia. We report here follow-up data on 5 such animals that received tenofovir for 8 to 14 years. Results: Although one animal had a gradual increase in viremia from 3 years onwards, the other 4 tenofovir-treated animals maintained undetectable viremia with occasional viral blips (<= 300 RNA copies/ml plasma). When tenofovir was withdrawn after 8 to 10 years from three animals with undetectable viremia, the pattern of occasional episodes of low viremia (<= 3600 RNA/ml plasma) continued throughout the 10-month follow-up period. These animals had low virus levels in lymphoid tissues, and evidence of multiple SIV-specific immune responses. Conclusion: Under certain conditions (i.e., prolonged antiviral therapy initiated early after infection; viral mutants with reduced drug susceptibility) a virus-host balance characterized by strong immunologic control of virus replication can be achieved. Although further research is needed to translate these findings into clinical applications, these observations provide hope for a functional cure of HIV infection via immunotherapeutic strategies that boost antiviral immunity and reduce the need for continuous antiretroviral therapy. C1 [Van Rompay, Koen K. A.; Trott, Kristin A.; Jayashankar, Kartika; Geng, Yongzhi; Tarara, Ross P.; Canfield, Don R.] Univ Calif Davis, Calif Natl Primate Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [LaBranche, Celia C.; Montefiori, David] Duke Univ, Dept Surg, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Johnson, Jeffrey A.; Lipscomb, Jonathan; Heneine, Walid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Landucci, Gary; Forthal, Donald N.] Univ Calif Irvine, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Abel, Kristina] Univ N Carolina, Irvine Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Van Rompay, KKA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Calif Natl Primate Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kkvanrompay@ucdavis.edu FU Gilead Sciences; National Center for Research Resources (NCRR; a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [RR-00169]; NIH [5R24RR016038, 1R01 DE019064, HHSN27201100016C] FX We thank Linda Hirst, Joyce Lee, Colony Services, Pathology, Veterinary, and Clinical Laboratory staff of the California National Primate Research Center for expert technical assistance. The SIVmac239 Gag p27 peptides were obtained through the AIDS Research and Reference Reagent Program, Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH. The AT-2 inactivated SIVmac239 was provided by Dr. J. Lifson (SAIC Frederick, Inc, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701). We thank Gretta Borchard and David Watkins of the AIDS Vaccine Research Laboratory (University of Wisconsin, Madison) for the MHC typing; the Quantitative Molecular Diagnostics Core of the AIDS Vaccine Program, SAIC Frederick, Inc, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Frederick, MD 21701 for assistance with viral RNA and DNA load determinations. This work was supported by Gilead Sciences, grant RR-00169 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR; a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH)) to the California National Primate Research Center, NIH grant 5R24RR016038 awarded to David Watkins, 1R01 DE019064 to Kristina Abel and HHSN27201100016C awarded to David Montefiori. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of NCRR or NIH. NR 76 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1742-4690 J9 RETROVIROLOGY JI Retrovirology PD JUL 17 PY 2012 VL 9 AR 57 DI 10.1186/1742-4690-9-57 PG 17 WC Virology SC Virology GA 992ZV UT WOS:000307822200001 PM 22805180 ER PT J AU Holmberg, SD Ly, KN Xing, J AF Holmberg, Scott D. Ly, Kathleen N. Xing, Jian TI The Increasing Burden of Mortality From Viral Hepatitis in the United States RESPONSE SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID ALL-CAUSE; LIVER C1 [Holmberg, Scott D.; Ly, Kathleen N.; Xing, Jian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Holmberg, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUL 17 PY 2012 VL 157 IS 2 BP 150 EP 150 DI 10.7326/0003-4819-157-2-201207170-00022 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 992ON UT WOS:000307787900027 ER PT J AU Walldorf, JA Joseph, P Valles, JS Sabatier, JF Marston, BJ Jean-Charles, K Louissant, E Tappero, JW AF Walldorf, Jenny A. Joseph, Patrice Valles, Jean S. Sabatier, Jennifer F. Marston, Barbara J. Jean-Charles, Kurt Louissant, Edieu Tappero, Jordan W. TI Recovery of HIV service provision post-earthquake SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE antiretroviral therapy; continuity of patient care; Haiti; HIV; infectious disease transmission ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HURRICANE KATRINA AB Objective: To describe the level of functionality of President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)-supported HIV clinical services following the devastating earthquake that struck Haiti in January 2010. Design: Available program-monitoring data from sites providing voluntary counseling and testing for HIV (VCT), antenatal care (ANC) and prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services, and antiretroviral treatment (ART) were described, comparing pre-earthquake and post-earthquake periods during October 2008 to May 2010. Methods: Pre-earthquake HIV service baselines for VCT, PMTCT, and ART enrollment were defined as monthly mean total number of patients served over 15 months pre-earthquake. ART baseline was defined as total current patients by December 2009. Sites were categorized as high-earthquake or low-earthquake intensity based on location and instrumental shake intensity data. Results: Pre-earthquake mean monthly baselines were 41 087 (VCT), 11 909 (HIV testing at ANC sites), 648 (ART enrollment), and 296 (PMTCT enrollment); baseline total current patients on ART was 24 863. Service provision in January and May 2010, reported as percentage of baseline, was 43 and 78.7% (VCT), 50.8 and 88.7% (HIV testing at ANC), 46 and 81% (PMTCT), and 41 and 82.7% (ART enrollment), respectively. Current patients on ART decreased to 97% of baseline in April, rising to 103.9% by May; the initial decline was restricted to high-earthquake intensity areas. Conclusion: Following the Haiti earthquake, there was a transient, marked decline in VCT and new ART patient enrollment, whereas follow-up of established ART patients remained impressively high. HIV treatment continuity should be reinforced in disaster preparedness and response strategies in HIV epidemic settings. (C) 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Walldorf, Jenny A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jean-Charles, Kurt] Solutions SA, Port Au Prince, Haiti. RP Walldorf, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM igf4@cdc.gov FU Ministry of Public Health and Population (MSPP); United States Government FX K.J.-C., the CEO of Solutions S.A., provided available data, gave input on study design, and was involved in data validation, cleaning, and interpretation. No specific funding was received for the evaluation described, but Solutions receives funding through a cooperative agreement with the Ministry of Public Health and Population (MSPP) [President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) funding] for management of the PEPFAR HIV program monitoring data.; E.L. was involved in evaluation design and planning and facilitated field visits in Haiti, data interpretation, and manuscript review. No specific funding was received by the author or by the MSPP for the evaluation described, but the MSPP receives funding support from the United States Government through the PEPFAR program to support both implementation of HIV-related services and program monitoring. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 17 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUL 17 PY 2012 VL 26 IS 11 BP 1431 EP 1436 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328352d032 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 970LO UT WOS:000306130700014 PM 22382149 ER PT J AU Kuklenyik, Z Panuwet, P Jayatilaka, NK Pirkle, JL Calafat, AM AF Kuklenyik, Zsuzsanna Panuwet, Parinya Jayatilaka, Nayana K. Pirkle, James L. Calafat, Antonia M. TI Two-dimensional high performance liquid chromatography separation and tandem mass spectrometry detection of atrazine and its metabolic and hydrolysis products in urine SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Atrazine, 2D-HPLC; Mass spectrometry; Urine; Herbicide ID EXPOSURE; HERBICIDES; RATS AB Atrazine [6-chloro-N-ethyl-N'-(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine] is the most widely used herbicide in the United States. In recent years, there has been controversy about atrazine's potential endocrine/reproductive and neurological adverse effects in wildlife and humans. The controversy triggered several environmental and epidemiologic studies, and it generated needs for sensitive and selective analytical methods for the quantification of atrazine, atrazine metabolites, and degradation or hydrolysis products. We developed a two-dimensional high performance liquid chromatography (2D-HPLC) method with isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry detection to measure atrazine in urine, along with 11 atrazine metabolites and hydrolysis products, including 6-chloro (Cl), 6-mercapto (Mer) and 6-hydroxy (OH) derivatives, and their desethyl, desisopropyl and diamino atrazine analogs (DEA, DIA and DAA, respectively). The 2D-HPLC system incorporated strong cation exchange and reversed phase separation modes. This versatile approach can be used for the quantitative determination of all 12 compounds in experimental animals for toxicological studies. The method requires only 10 mu L of urine, and the limits of detection (LODs) range from 10 to 50 mu g/L. The method can also be applied to assess atrazine exposure in occupational settings by measurement of 6-Cl and 6-Mer analogs, which requires only 100 mu L of urine with LODs of 1-5 mu g/L. Finally, in combination with automated off-line solid phase extraction before 2D-HPLC, the method can also be applied in non-occupational environmental exposure studies for the determination of -6-Cl and 6-Mer metabolites, using 500 mu L of urine and LODs of 0.1-0.5 mu g/L. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kuklenyik, Zsuzsanna; Panuwet, Parinya; Jayatilaka, Nayana K.; Pirkle, James L.; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kuklenyik, Z (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM zkuklenyik@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 18 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-0232 J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 901 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.05.028 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 978EJ UT WOS:000306723100001 PM 22721710 ER PT J AU Desai, R Hembree, CD Handel, A Matthews, JE Dickey, BW McDonald, S Hall, AJ Parashar, UD Leon, JS Lopman, B AF Desai, Rishi Hembree, Christal D. Handel, Andreas Matthews, Jonathan E. Dickey, Benjamin W. McDonald, Sharla Hall, Aron J. Parashar, Umesh D. Leon, Juan S. Lopman, Benjamin TI Severe Outcomes Are Associated With Genogroup 2 Genotype 4 Norovirus Outbreaks: A Systematic Literature Review SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; ILLNESS; ENGLAND; WALES AB Background. Noroviruses (NoVs) are the most common cause of epidemic gastroenteritis; however, the relative impacts of individual factors underlying severe illness are poorly understood. This report reviews published NoV outbreak reports to quantify hospitalization and mortality rates and assess their relationship with outbreak setting, transmission route, and strain. Methods. Using a string of terms related to "norovirus" and "outbreak," we 2435 nonduplicate articles identified in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Knowledge published between January 1993 and June 2011. Inclusion criteria included outbreaks with a minimum of 2 ill persons with a common exposure and at least 1 reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction-confirmed case of NoV disease. Univariate analyses were performed, and multivariable models were fitted to estimate the independent effect of each factor. Results. We analyzed 843 NoV outbreaks reported in 233 published articles from 45 countries. Based upon 71 724 illnesses, 501 hospitalizations, and 45 deaths, overall hospitalization and mortality rates were 0.54% and 0.06%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, genogroup 2 genotype 4 (GII. 4) NoV strains were associated with higher hospitalization (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 9.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.1-14.4; P < .001) and mortality rates (IRR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.3-7.6; P = .01). Deaths were much more likely to occur in outbreaks occurring in healthcare facilities (IRR, 60; 95% CI, 6-109; P = .01). Conclusions. Our review suggests that hospitalizations and deaths were more likely in outbreaks associated with GII. 4 viruses, independent of other factors, and underscores the importance of developing vaccines against GII. 4 viruses to prevent severe disease outcomes. C1 [Desai, Rishi; McDonald, Sharla; Hall, Aron J.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Lopman, Benjamin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hembree, Christal D.; Handel, Andreas] Univ Georgia, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Coll Publ Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Matthews, Jonathan E.; Leon, Juan S.] Emory Univ, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Dickey, Benjamin W.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. RP Desai, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rdesai1@cdc.gov RI Handel, Andreas/F-6056-2012; Leon, Juan/E-9674-2012 OI Handel, Andreas/0000-0002-4622-1146; FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health [1K01AI087724-01]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture at the U.S. Department of Agriculture [2010-85212-20608]; Emory University Global Health Institute FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (grant 1K01AI087724-01 to J. S. L.) at the National Institutes of Health; the National Institute of Food and Agriculture at the U.S. Department of Agriculture (grant number 2010-85212-20608); and the Emory University Global Health Institute (to J. S. L.). NR 21 TC 78 Z9 82 U1 3 U2 24 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 2 BP 189 EP 193 DI 10.1093/cid/cis372 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 963IE UT WOS:000305612800006 PM 22491335 ER PT J AU Hall, AJ Curns, AT McDonald, LC Parashar, UD Lopman, BA AF Hall, Aron J. Curns, Aaron T. McDonald, L. Clifford Parashar, Umesh D. Lopman, Ben A. TI The Roles of Clostridium difficile and Norovirus Among Gastroenteritis-Associated Deaths in the United States, 1999-2007 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TOXIN PRODUCTION; NORTH-AMERICA; MORTALITY; INFECTION; CHILDREN; DISEASE; HOSPITALS; DIARRHEA; STRAIN; ROTAVIRUS AB Background. Globally, gastroenteritis is recognized as an important contributor to mortality among children, but population-based data on gastroenteritis deaths among adults and the contributions of specific pathogens are limited. We aimed to describe trends in gastroenteritis deaths across all ages in the United States and specifically estimate the contributions of Clostridium difficile and norovirus. Methods. Gastroenteritis-associated deaths in the United States during 1999-2007 were identified from the National Center for Health Statistics multiple-cause-of-death mortality data. All deaths in which the underlying cause or any of the contributing causes listed gastroenteritis were included. Time-series regression models were used to identify cause-unspecified gastroenteritis deaths that were probably due to specific causes; seasonality of model residuals was analyzed to estimate norovirus-associated deaths. Results. Gastroenteritis mortality averaged 39/1 000 000 person-years (11 255 deaths per year) during the study period, increasing from 25/1 000 000 person-years in 1999-2000 to 57/1 000 000 person-years in 2006-2007 (P < .001). Adults aged >= 65 years accounted for 83% of gastroenteritis deaths (258/1 000 000 person-years). C. difficile mortality increased 5-fold from 10/1 000 000 person-years in 1999-2000 to 48/1 000 000 person-years in 2006-2007 (P < .001). Norovirus contributed to an estimated 797 deaths annually (3/1 000 000 person-years), with surges by up to 50% during epidemic seasons associated with emergent viral strains. Conclusions. Gastroenteritis-associated mortality has more than doubled during the past decade, primarily affecting the elderly. C. difficile is the main contributor to gastroenteritis-associated deaths, largely accounting for the increasing trend, and norovirus is probably the second leading infectious cause. These findings can help guide appropriate clinical management strategies and vaccine development. C1 [Hall, Aron J.; Curns, Aaron T.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Lopman, Ben A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McDonald, L. Clifford] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hall, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ajhall@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 51 TC 113 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 2 BP 216 EP 223 DI 10.1093/cid/cis386 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 963IE UT WOS:000305612800012 PM 22491338 ER PT J AU Lessa, FC Mu, Y Ray, SM Dumyati, G Bulens, S Gorwitz, RJ Fosheim, G DeVries, AS Schaffner, W Nadle, J Gershman, K Fridkin, SK AF Lessa, Fernanda C. Mu, Yi Ray, Susan M. Dumyati, Ghinwa Bulens, Sandra Gorwitz, Rachel J. Fosheim, Gregory DeVries, Aaron S. Schaffner, William Nadle, Joelle Gershman, Kenneth Fridkin, Scott K. CA ABCs MRSA Investigators Emerging I TI Impact of USA300 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus on Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Pneumonia or Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PANTON-VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN; CARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS; COMMUNITY-ONSET PNEUMONIA; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; STRAIN USA300; UNITED-STATES; EMERGENCE; SURVEILLANCE; MORTALITY; GENOTYPE AB Background. The USA300 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain, which initially emerged as a cause of community-associated infections, has recently become an important pathogen in healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). However, its impact on patient outcomes has not been well studied. We evaluated patients with invasive MRSA infections to assess differences in outcomes between infections caused by USA100 and those caused by USA300. Methods. Population-based data for invasive MRSA infections were used to identify 2 cohorts: (1) nondialysis patients with central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) and (2) patients with community-onset pneumonia (PNEUMO) during 2005-2007 from 6 US metropolitan areas. Medical records of patients with confirmed MRSA USA100 or USA300 infection were reviewed. Logistic regression and, when appropriate, survival analysis was performed to evaluate mortality, early and late complications, and length of stay. Results. A total of 236 and 100 patients were included in the CLABSI and PNEUMO cohorts, respectively. USA300 was the only independent predictor of early complications for PNEUMO patients (odds ratio [OR], 2.6; P = .02). Independent predictors of CLABSI late complications included intensive care unit (ICU) admission before MRSA culture (adjusted OR [AOR], 2.1; P = .01) and Charlson comorbidity index (AOR, 2.6; P = .003), but not strain type. PNEUMO patients were significantly more likely to die if they were older (P = .02), black (P < .001), or infected with USA100 strain (P = .02), whereas those with CLABSI were more likely to die if they were older (P < .001), had comorbidities (P < .001), or had an ICU admission before MRSA culture (P = .001). Conclusions. USA300 was associated with early complications in PNEUMO patients. However, it was not associated with mortality for either PNEUMO or CLABSI patients. Concerns regarding higher mortality from HAIs caused by USA300 may not be warranted. C1 [Lessa, Fernanda C.; Mu, Yi; Bulens, Sandra; Gorwitz, Rachel J.; Fosheim, Gregory; Fridkin, Scott K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ray, Susan M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dumyati, Ghinwa] Univ Rochester, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, New York, NY USA. [Bulens, Sandra] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. [DeVries, Aaron S.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Nadle, Joelle] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Gershman, Kenneth] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. RP Lessa, FC (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM flessa@cdc.gov FU CDC Foundation through Pfizer; Astellas Pharma US; CDC FX This study was funded by the CDC Foundation through a grant from Pfizer and Astellas Pharma US, and by the CDC's Emerging Infections Program Cooperative Agreement. NR 30 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 2 BP 232 EP 241 DI 10.1093/cid/cis408 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 963IE UT WOS:000305612800014 PM 22523264 ER PT J AU Apostolou, A Bolcen, SJ Dave, V Jani, N Lasker, BA Tan, CG Montana, B Brown, JM Genese, CA AF Apostolou, Andria Bolcen, Shanna J. Dave, Vaidehi Jani, Nisha Lasker, Brent A. Tan, Christina G. Montana, Barbara Brown, June M. Genese, Carol A. TI Nocardia cyriacigeorgica Infections Attributable to Unlicensed Cosmetic Procedures-An Emerging Public Health Problem? SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INJECTIONS; OUTBREAK AB We describe an outbreak of Nocardia cyriacigeorgica soft-tissue infections attributable to unlicensed cosmetic injections and the first report using multilocus sequence typing sequence data for determining Nocardia strain relatedness in an outbreak. All 8 cases identified had a common source exposure and required hospitalization, surgical debridement, and prolonged antimicrobial therapy. C1 [Apostolou, Andria; Tan, Christina G.; Montana, Barbara; Genese, Carol A.] New Jersey Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Communicable Dis Serv, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA. [Apostolou, Andria] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bolcen, Shanna J.; Lasker, Brent A.; Brown, June M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dave, Vaidehi] Essex Cty Hlth Dept, Cedar Grove, CA USA. RP Apostolou, A (reprint author), New Jersey Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Communicable Dis Serv, POB 369, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA. EM andria.apostolou@doh.state.nj.us NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 2 BP 251 EP 253 DI 10.1093/cid/cis341 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 963IE UT WOS:000305612800016 PM 22491504 ER PT J AU Averhoff, FM Glass, N Holtzman, D AF Averhoff, Francisco M. Glass, Nancy Holtzman, Deborah TI Global Burden of Hepatitis C: Considerations for Healthcare Providers in the United States SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-INFECTION; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; TRANSMISSION; PREVALENCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DISEASE; PAKISTAN; PEOPLE; EGYPT; SEX AB An estimated 2%-3% of the world's population is living with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and each year, > 350 000 die of HCV-related conditions, including cirrhosis and liver cancer. The epidemiology and burden of HCV infection varies throughout the world, with country-specific prevalence ranging from < 1% to > 10%. In contrast to the United States and other developed countries, HCV transmission in developing countries frequently results from exposure to infected blood in healthcare and community settings. Hepatitis C prevention, care, and treatment programs must recognize country-specific epidemiology, which varies by setting and level of economic development. Awareness of the global epidemiology of HCV infection is important for US healthcare providers treating foreign-born patients from countries where HCV infection is endemic and for counseling patients who travel to these countries. Countries with a high burden of HCV infection also would benefit from establishing comprehensive prevention, care, and treatment programs. C1 [Averhoff, Francisco M.; Glass, Nancy; Holtzman, Deborah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Averhoff, FM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fma0@cdc.gov FU Abbott Laboratories; Boehringer Ingelheim; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Genentech (Roche); Gilead Sciences; GlaxoSmithKline; Janssen Therapeutics; Merck Sharp Dohme; OraSure Technologies; Vertex Pharmaceuticals; Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the CDC Foundation FX The Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the CDC Foundation receives support from Abbott Laboratories, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech (Roche), Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen Therapeutics, Merck Sharp & Dohme, OraSure Technologies, and Vertex Pharmaceuticals.; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "The Evolving Paradigm of Hepatitis C," sponsored by an unrestricted grant from the Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the CDC Foundation. NR 40 TC 108 Z9 114 U1 1 U2 14 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 55 SU 1 BP S10 EP S15 DI 10.1093/cid/cis361 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 963IJ UT WOS:000305613400003 PM 22715208 ER PT J AU Feinstone, SM Hu, DJ Major, ME AF Feinstone, Stephen M. Hu, Dale J. Major, Marian E. TI Prospects for Prophylactic and Therapeutic Vaccines Against Hepatitis C Virus SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID T-CELL RESPONSES; INJECTION-DRUG USERS; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; PHASE-I; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEINS; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; HCV AB Natural cross-protective immunity is induced after spontaneous clearance of primary hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Although this suggests that effective prophylactic vaccines against HCV are possible, there are still several areas that require further study. Current data indicate that, at best, vaccine-induced immunity may not completely prevent HCV infection but rather prevent persistence of the virus. However, this may be an acceptable goal, because chronic persistence of the virus is the main cause of pathogenesis and the development of serious liver conditions. Therapeutic vaccine development is also highly challenging; however, strategies have been pursued in combination with current or new treatments in an effort to reduce the costs and adverse effects associated with antiviral therapy. This review summarizes the current state of HCV vaccines and the challenges faced for future development and clinical trial design. C1 [Feinstone, Stephen M.; Major, Marian E.] US FDA, Div Viral Prod, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Hu, Dale J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Major, ME (reprint author), US FDA, Div Viral Prod, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bldg29A,Rm1D10,8800 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM marian.major@fda.hhs.gov RI Cheng, Yushao/E-6256-2011 FU Abbott Laboratories; Boehringer Ingelheim; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Genentech (Roche); Gilead Sciences; Glaxo-SmithKline; Janssen Therapeutics; Merck Sharp Dohme; OraSure Technologies; Vertex Pharmaceuticals; Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the CDC Foundation FX The Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the CDC Foundation receives support from Abbott Laboratories, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech (Roche), Gilead Sciences, Glaxo-SmithKline, Janssen Therapeutics, Merck Sharp & Dohme, OraSure Technologies, and Vertex Pharmaceuticals.; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "The Evolving Paradigm of Hepatitis C," sponsored by an unrestricted grant from the Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the CDC Foundation. NR 50 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 55 SU 1 BP S25 EP S32 DI 10.1093/cid/cis362 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 963IJ UT WOS:000305613400005 PM 22715210 ER PT J AU Holmberg, SD AF Holmberg, Scott D. TI Hepatitis C Virus and the Infectious Diseases Community SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Holmberg, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sdh1@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 55 SU 1 BP S1 EP S2 DI 10.1093/cid/cis360 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 963IJ UT WOS:000305613400001 PM 22715207 ER PT J AU Jorgensen, CM Lewis, CA Liu, JS AF Jorgensen, Cynthia M. Lewis, C. Amanda Liu, Jessica TI An Analysis of Hepatitis C Virus-Related Public Inquiries from Health Professionals: 2009-2010 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID E-MAIL COMMUNICATION; PROVIDERS AB A content analysis was performed on e-mail inquiries about viral hepatitis that were submitted by health professionals to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) public inquiry system, CDC-INFO. All hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related inquiries from health professionals were identified, representing 10% of all inquiries received during the 2-year period of 2009-2010. Three-fourths of the inquiries included professional degree and organizational affiliation information, with 35% representing physicians, 33% representing nurses, and 6% representing midlevel clinicians, the majority of whom provided direct clinical care or worked in a healthcare organization. Two independent coders analyzed content, with kappa coefficients for interrater agreement ranging from 0.82 to 0.93. Overall, the inquiries demonstrated important knowledge gaps regarding HCV, with the most frequently asked questions focusing on transmission, serology, and policy/legal issues surrounding patient care and infected healthcare workers. C1 [Jorgensen, Cynthia M.; Lewis, C. Amanda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV, Atlanta, GA USA. [Liu, Jessica] Natl Taiwan Univ, Grad Inst Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Liu, Jessica] Acad Sinica, Genom Res Ctr, Taipei 115, Taiwan. RP Jorgensen, CM (reprint author), CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cjorgensen@cdc.gov FU Abbott Laboratories; Boehringer Ingelheim; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Genentech (Roche); Gilead Sciences; GlaxoSmithKline; Janssen Therapeutics; Merck Sharp Dohme; OraSure Technologies; Vertex Pharmaceuticals; Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the CDC Foundation FX The Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Foundation receives support from the following corporate sponsors: Abbott Laboratories, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech (Roche), Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen Therapeutics, Merck Sharp & Dohme, OraSure Technologies, and Vertex Pharmaceuticals.; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "The Evolving Paradigm of Hepatitis C," sponsored by an unrestricted grant from the Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the CDC Foundation. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 55 SU 1 BP S54 EP S57 DI 10.1093/cid/cis369 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 963IJ UT WOS:000305613400009 PM 22715215 ER PT J AU Kamili, S Drobeniuc, J Araujo, AC Hayden, TM AF Kamili, Saleem Drobeniuc, Jan Araujo, Aufra C. Hayden, Tonya M. TI Laboratory Diagnostics for Hepatitis C Virus Infection SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION; HCV CORE ANTIGEN; NON-B-HEPATITIS; AVIDITY INDEX; RNA APTAMERS; NON-A; ANTIBODY; ASSAYS; SYSTEM; IGG AB Identification of prevalent infection by hepatitis C virus (HCV) is based serologically on detecting anti-HCV immunoglobulin G, using immunoassays, immunoblot assays, and, more recently, immunochromatography-based rapid tests. None discriminate between active and resolved HCV infection. Tests for detecting HCV RNA identify active HCV infection but are costly. Serologic assays for HCV antigens have been developed and show potential for diagnosis of active HCV infection, and their performance characteristics are undergoing evaluation. The diagnosis of acute HCV infection without the demonstration of seroconversion remains elusive. C1 [Kamili, Saleem] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD TB Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kamili, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD TB Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skamili@cdc.gov FU Abbott Laboratories; Boehringer Ingelheim; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Genentech (Roche); Gilead Sciences; GlaxoSmithKline; Janssen Therapeutics; Merck Sharp Dohme; OraSure Technologies; Vertex Pharmaceuticals; Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the CDC Foundation FX The Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Foundation receives support from the following corporate sponsors: Abbott Laboratories, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech (Roche), Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen Therapeutics, Merck Sharp & Dohme, OraSure Technologies, and Vertex Pharmaceuticals.; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "The Evolving Paradigm of Hepatitis C," sponsored by an unrestricted grant from the Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the CDC Foundation. NR 44 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 55 SU 1 BP S43 EP S48 DI 10.1093/cid/cis368 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 963IJ UT WOS:000305613400007 PM 22715213 ER PT J AU Klevens, RM Hu, DJ Jiles, R Holmberg, SD AF Klevens, R. Monina Hu, Dale J. Jiles, Ruth Holmberg, Scott D. TI Evolving Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus in the United States SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; B VIRAL-HEPATITIS; NEW-YORK; NON-A; RISK BEHAVIORS; LIVER-DISEASE; BLOOD-DONORS; YOUNG-ADULTS; INFECTION AB The impact of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection on health and medical care in the United States is a major problem for infectious disease physicians. Although the incidence of HCV infection has declined markedly in the past 2 decades, chronic infection in 3 million or more residents now accounts for more disease and death in the United States than does human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS. Current trends in the epidemiology of HCV infection include an apparent increase in young, often suburban heroin injection drug users who initiate use with oral prescription opioid drugs; infections in nonhospital healthcare (clinic) settings; and sexual transmission among HIV-infected persons. Infectious disease physicians will increasingly have the responsibility of diagnosing and treating HCV patients. An understanding of how these patients were infected is important for determining whom to screen and treat. C1 [Klevens, R. Monina; Hu, Dale J.; Jiles, Ruth; Holmberg, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Holmberg, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, DVH Mailstop G-37,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sdh1@cdc.gov FU Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the CDC Foundation; Abbott Laboratories; Boehringer Ingelheim; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Genentech (Roche); Gilead Sciences; GlaxoSmith-Kline; Janssen Therapeutics; Merck Sharp Dohme; OraSure Technologies; Vertex Pharmaceuticals FX This work was supported by the Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the CDC Foundation, which receives support from the following corporate sponsors: Abbott Laboratories, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech (Roche), Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmith-Kline, Janssen Therapeutics, Merck Sharp & Dohme, OraSure Technologies, and Vertex Pharmaceuticals. NR 56 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 15 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 55 SU 1 BP S3 EP S9 DI 10.1093/cid/cis393 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 963IJ UT WOS:000305613400002 PM 22715211 ER PT J AU Smith, BD Jorgensen, C Zibbell, JE Beckett, GA AF Smith, Bryce D. Jorgensen, Cynthia Zibbell, Jon E. Beckett, Geoff A. TI Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Initiatives to Prevent Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Selective Update SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; UNITED-STATES; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; YOUNG-ADULTS; RISK-FACTORS; PREVALENCE; KNOWLEDGE; ANTIBODY; MASSACHUSETTS AB Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a complex public health problem, characterized by a high prevalence of chronic infection, an increasing burden of HCV-associated disease, low rates of testing and treatment, and the prospect of increasing incidence associated with the epidemic of injection drug use. Three-quarters of chronic HCV infections occur among persons born from 1945 through 1965. Prevention efforts are complicated by limited knowledge among health care professionals, persons at risk and in the public at large. At the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, efforts to improve primary and secondary prevention effectiveness center on policy development, education and training initiatives, and applied research. This report provides a brief overview of some of these efforts, including the development of testing recommendations for the 1945-1965 birth cohort, research and evaluation studies in settings where persons who inject drugs receive services, and a national viral hepatitis education campaign that targets health care professionals, the public, and persons at risk. C1 [Smith, Bryce D.; Jorgensen, Cynthia; Zibbell, Jon E.; Beckett, Geoff A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Beckett, GA (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gbeckett@cdc.gov FU Abbott Laboratories; Boehringer Ingelheim; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Genentech (Roche); Gilead Sciences; GlaxoSmithKline; Janssen Therapeutics; Merck Sharp Dohme; OraSure Technologies; Vertex Pharmaceuticals; Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the CDC Foundation FX The Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Foundation receives support from the following corporate sponsors: Abbott Laboratories, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech (Roche), Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen Therapeutics, Merck Sharp & Dohme, OraSure Technologies, and Vertex Pharmaceuticals.; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "The Evolving Paradigm of Hepatitis C," sponsored by an unrestricted grant from the Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the CDC Foundation. NR 36 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 55 SU 1 BP S49 EP S53 DI 10.1093/cid/cis363 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 963IJ UT WOS:000305613400008 PM 22715214 ER PT J AU Ward, JW Valdiserri, RO Koh, HK AF Ward, John W. Valdiserri, Ron O. Koh, Howard K. TI Hepatitis C Virus Prevention, Care, and Treatment: From Policy to Practice SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; UNITED-STATES; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; HCV INFECTION; LIVER; MORTALITY; PREVALENCE; MORBIDITY; KNOWLEDGE AB The prevention of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and associated health conditions (eg, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma) is a public health priority in the United States. Hepatitis C virus-related morbidity and mortality is increasing at a time when the advent of highly effective therapies greatly increases opportunities to prevent HCV transmission and disease. In 2010, the Institute of Medicine recommended that national action be taken to address this "underappreciated health concern for the nation." In response, in 2011, the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) published a viral hepatitis action plan that guides response to the viral hepatitis epidemic by providing explicit steps to be undertaken by specific HHS agencies to improve provider training and community education; expand access to testing, care, and treatment; strengthen public health surveillance; improve HCV preventive services for injection drug users; develop a hepatitis C vaccine; and prevent HCV transmission in healthcare settings. For all aspects of the action plan, infectious disease specialists and other clinicians assume a key role in efforts to reduce HCV-related morbidity and mortality. With successful collaboration of the public and private sectors, the hepatitis C epidemic can be forever silenced. C1 [Ward, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Valdiserri, Ron O.; Koh, Howard K.] US Dept HHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Ward, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jward@cdc.gov FU Abbott Laboratories; Boehringer Ingelheim; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Genentech (Roche); Gilead Sciences, Inc.; GlaxoSmithKline; Janssen Therapeutics; Merck Sharp Dohme; OraSure Technologies, Inc.; Vertex Pharmaceuticals; Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the CDC Foundation FX This work was supported by the Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition (VHAC) of the CDC Foundation, which receives support from the following corporate sponsors: Abbott Laboratories; Boehringer Ingelheim; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Genentech (Roche); Gilead Sciences, Inc.; GlaxoSmithKline; Janssen Therapeutics; Merck Sharp & Dohme; OraSure Technologies, Inc.; and Vertex Pharmaceuticals.; This article was published as part of the supplement, "The Evolving Paradigm of Hepatitis C," sponsored by an unrestricted grant from the Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition of the CDC Foundation. NR 34 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 55 SU 1 BP S58 EP S63 DI 10.1093/cid/cis392 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 963IJ UT WOS:000305613400010 PM 22715216 ER PT J AU Fry, AM Gubareva, LV AF Fry, Alicia M. Gubareva, Larisa V. TI Understanding Influenza Virus Resistance to Antiviral Agents; Early Warning Signs for Wider Community Circulation SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID PANDEMIC H1N1 2009; NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITOR RESISTANCE; OSELTAMIVIR-RESISTANT; UNITED-STATES; A(H1N1) VIRUS; SEASON; SUSCEPTIBILITY; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTIONS C1 [Fry, Alicia M.; Gubareva, Larisa V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fry, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Ave,MS-A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM afry@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 206 IS 2 BP 145 EP 147 DI 10.1093/infdis/jis338 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 963MX UT WOS:000305626200001 PM 22561368 ER PT J AU Valcour, V Chalermchai, T Sailasuta, N Marovich, M Lerdlum, S Suttichom, D Suwanwela, NC Jagodzinski, L Michael, N Spudich, S van Griensven, F de Souza, M Kim, J Ananworanich, J AF Valcour, Victor Chalermchai, Thep Sailasuta, Napapon Marovich, Mary Lerdlum, Sukalaya Suttichom, Duanghathai Suwanwela, Nijasri C. Jagodzinski, Linda Michael, Nelson Spudich, Serena van Griensven, Frits de Souza, Mark Kim, Jerome Ananworanich, Jintanat CA RV254 SEARCH 010 Study Grp TI Central Nervous System Viral Invasion and Inflammation During Acute HIV Infection SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL IMPAIRMENT; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; RISK-FACTORS; FLUID LEVELS; DEMENTIA; BRAIN; SPECTROSCOPY; REPLICATION; PROGRESSION AB Background. Understanding the earliest central nervous system (CNS) events during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is crucial to knowledge of neuropathogenesis, but these have not previously been described in humans. Methods. Twenty individuals who had acute HIV infection (Fiebig stages I-IV), with average 15 days after exposure, underwent clinical neurological, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), magnetic resonance imaging, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) characterization. Results. HIV RNA was detected in the CSF from 15 of 18 subjects as early as 8 days after estimated HIV transmission. Undetectable CSF levels of HIV (in 3 of 18) was noted during Fiebig stages I, II, and III, with plasma HIV RNA levels of 285 651, 2321, and 81 978 copies/mL, respectively. On average, the CSF HIV RNA level was 2.42 log(10) copies/mL lower than that in plasma. There were no cases in which the CSF HIV RNA level exceeded that in plasma. Headache was common during the acute retroviral syndrome (in 11 of 20 subjects), but no other neurological signs or symptoms were seen. Intrathecal immune activation was identified in some subjects with elevated CSF neopterin, monocyte chemotactic protein/CCL2, and interferon gamma-induced protein 10/CXCL-10 levels. Brain inflammation was suggested by MRS. Conclusions. CSF HIV RNA was detectable in humans as early as 8 days after exposure. CNS inflammation was apparent by CSF analysis and MRS in some individuals during acute HIV infection. C1 [Valcour, Victor] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, Memory & Aging Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Valcour, Victor] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Div Geriatr Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Chalermchai, Thep; Suttichom, Duanghathai; Ananworanich, Jintanat] SEARCH, Bangkok, Thailand. [Sailasuta, Napapon] Huntington Med Res Inst, Pasadena, CA USA. [Marovich, Mary; Jagodzinski, Linda; Michael, Nelson] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD USA. [Lerdlum, Sukalaya; Suwanwela, Nijasri C.; Kim, Jerome; Ananworanich, Jintanat] Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Med, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. [Lerdlum, Sukalaya; Suwanwela, Nijasri C.; Kim, Jerome] King Chulalongkorn Mem Hosp, Dept Radiol, Bangkok, Thailand. [Spudich, Serena] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. [van Griensven, Frits] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth CDC Collaborat, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [van Griensven, Frits] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [de Souza, Mark] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci US Component, Dept Retrovirol, Bangkok, Thailand. [Ananworanich, Jintanat] US Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. [Ananworanich, Jintanat] HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Res Collaborat, Bangkok, Thailand. [Chalermchai, Thep; Suttichom, Duanghathai; Ananworanich, Jintanat] Thai Red Cross AIDS Res Ctr, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Valcour, V (reprint author), UCSF Memory & Aging Ctr, Ste 905,350 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM Vvalcour@memory.ucsf.edu RI van Griensven, Frits/G-4719-2013 OI van Griensven, Frits/0000-0002-0971-2843 FU National Institute of Mental Health [NIH-R21 MH086341]; Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (Rockville, MD); Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine [W81XWH-07-2-0067]; US Department of Defense [W81XWH-07-2-0067]; Intramural research program of the NIAID; Intramural research program of the Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute; Gilead (Truvada, Atripla); Merck (Sustiva, Isentress); Pfizer (Selzentry) FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIH-R21 MH086341). The Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (Rockville, MD), funded the main acute HIV study. This work was supported by a cooperative agreement (W81XWH-07-2-0067) between the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine and the US Department of Defense. This work was also supported in part by the Intramural research programs of the NIAID and of the Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute. Antiretroviral therapy was supported by Gilead (Truvada, Atripla), Merck (Sustiva, Isentress), and Pfizer (Selzentry). Monogram Biosciences supported the Trofile test. NR 32 TC 117 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 206 IS 2 BP 275 EP 282 DI 10.1093/infdis/jis326 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 963MX UT WOS:000305626200016 PM 22551810 ER PT J AU Rosa, FM de Melo, FC Simczak, DR de Abreu, RG Domingues, CMS Siqueira, MM Flannery, B AF Rosa, Fabiano Marques de Melo, Flavia Cardoso Simczak, Dirce Regina de Abreu, Ricardo Gadelha Domingues, Carla Magda S. Siqueira, Marilda Mendonca Flannery, Brendan TI Untitled Reply SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID ECONOMIC-IMPACT; MEASLES C1 [Flannery, Brendan] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Siqueira, Marilda Mendonca] IOC Oswaldo Cruz Fdn, Lab Measles & Resp Viruses, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Flannery, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, MS E-05,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bflannery@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 206 IS 2 BP 302 EP 303 DI 10.1093/infdis/jis343 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 963MX UT WOS:000305626200019 ER PT J AU Strine, TW Edwards, VJ Dube, SR Wagenfeld, M Dhingra, S Prehn, AW Rasmussen, S McKnight-Eily, L Croft, JB AF Strine, Tara W. Edwards, Valerie J. Dube, Shanta R. Wagenfeld, Morton Dhingra, Satvinder Prehn, Angela Witt Rasmussen, Sandra McKnight-Eily, Lela Croft, Janet B. TI The mediating sex-specific effect of psychological distress on the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and current smoking among adults SO SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT PREVENTION AND POLICY LA English DT Article DE Smoking; Adverse childhood experiences; Pyschological distress; Mediation analysis ID SF-36 HEALTH SURVEY; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; NICOTINE DEPENDENCE; MAJOR DEPRESSION; HOUSEHOLD DYSFUNCTION; PHYSICAL ABUSE; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITY AB Background: Research suggests that ACEs have a long-term impact on the behavioral, emotional, and cognitive development of children. These disruptions can lead to adoption of unhealthy coping behaviors throughout the lifespan. The present study sought to examine psychological distress as a potential mediator of sex-specific associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and adult smoking. Method: Data from 7,210 Kaiser-Permanente members in San Diego California collected between April and October 1997 were used. Results: Among women, psychological distress mediated a significant portion of the association between ACEs and smoking (21% for emotional abuse, 16% for physical abuse, 15% for physical neglect, 10% for parental separation or divorce). Among men, the associations between ACEs and smoking were not significant. Conclusions: These findings suggest that for women, current smoking cessation strategies may benefit from understanding the potential role of childhood trauma. C1 [Strine, Tara W.; Dhingra, Satvinder] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Off Sci & Publ Hlth Practice, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. [Edwards, Valerie J.; McKnight-Eily, Lela; Croft, Janet B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. [Dube, Shanta R.] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wagenfeld, Morton; Prehn, Angela Witt; Rasmussen, Sandra] Walden Univ, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Wagenfeld, Morton] Western Michigan Univ, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [Rasmussen, Sandra] Williamsville Wellness, Hanover, VA USA. [Strine, Tara W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. RP Strine, TW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Off Sci & Publ Hlth Practice, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. EM tws2@cdc.gov NR 122 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 15 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1747-597X J9 SUBST ABUSE TREAT PR JI Subst/ Abus. Treatment Prev. Pol. PD JUL 13 PY 2012 VL 7 AR 30 DI 10.1186/1747-597X-7-30 PG 13 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 076SP UT WOS:000313978600001 PM 22788356 ER PT J AU Kidd, S Ouedraogo, B Kambire, C Kambou, JL McLean, H Kutty, PK Ndiaye, S Fall, A Alleman, M Wannemuehler, K Masresha, B Goodson, JL Uzicanin, A AF Kidd, Sarah Ouedraogo, Bassirou Kambire, Chantal Kambou, Jean Ludovic McLean, Huong Kutty, Preeta K. Ndiaye, Serigne Fall, Amadou Alleman, Mary Wannemuehler, Kathleen Masresha, Balcha Goodson, James L. Uzicanin, Amra TI Measles outbreak in Burkina Faso, 2009: A case-control study to determine risk factors and estimate vaccine effectiveness SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Measles; Vaccination; Burkina Faso; Outbreak investigation; Risk factors ID MORTALITY REDUCTION; MASS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; AFRICA AB Objective: We investigated a large measles outbreak that occurred in 2009 in Burkina Faso in order to describe the epidemic, assess risk factors associated with measles, and estimate measles vaccine effectiveness. Methods: We reviewed national surveillance and measles vaccine coverage data, and conducted a case-control study in three geographic areas. Case-patients were randomly selected from the national case-based measles surveillance database or, when a case-patient could not be traced, were persons in the same community who experienced an illness meeting the WHO measles clinical case definition. Controls were matched to the same age stratum (age 1-14 years or age 15-30 years) and community as case-patients. Risk factors were assessed using conditional logistic regression. Results: Lack of measles vaccination was the main risk factor for measles in all three geographic areas for children aged 1-14 years (adjusted matched odds ratio [aMOR] [95% confidence interval (Cl)], 19.4 [2.4-155.9], 5.9 [1.6-21.5], and 6.4 [1.8-23.0] in Bogodogo, Zorgho, and Sahel, respectively) and persons aged 15-30 years (aMOR [95% Cl], 3.2 [1.1-9.7], 19.7 [3.3-infinity], 8.0 [1.8-34.8] in Bogodogo, Zorgho, and Sahel, respectively). Among children aged 1-14 years, VE of any measles vaccination prior to 2009 was 94% (95% Cl. 45-99%) in Bogodogo, 87% (95% Cl, 37-97%) in Zorgho, and 84% (95% Cl, 41-96%) in Sahel. Main reasons for not receiving measles vaccination were lack of knowledge about vaccination campaigns or need for measles vaccination and absence during vaccination outreach or campaign activities. Conclusion: These results emphasize the need for improved strategies to reduce missed opportunities for vaccination and achieve high vaccination coverage nationwide in order to prevent large measles outbreaks and to continue progress toward measles mortality reduction. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kidd, Sarah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kidd, Sarah; Ndiaye, Serigne; Alleman, Mary; Wannemuehler, Kathleen; Goodson, James L.; Uzicanin, Amra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ouedraogo, Bassirou] Minist Hlth, Direct Prevent Vaccinat, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Kambire, Chantal] World Hlth Org, Expanded Programme Immunizat, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Kambou, Jean Ludovic] Minist Hlth, Direct Lutte Maladie, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [McLean, Huong; Kutty, Preeta K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fall, Amadou; Alleman, Mary] World Hlth Org, W Africa Inter Country Support Team, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Masresha, Balcha] World Hlth Org, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Zaire. RP Kidd, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hgk9@cdc.gov; bassirououedraogo@yahoo.fr; kambirec@bf.afro.who.int; kambouludo@hotmail.com; hcn8@cdc.gov; chz6@cdc.gov; scn3@cdc.gov; falla@bf.afro.who.int; mea4@cdc.gov; kpw9@cdc.gov; masreshab@afro.who.int; fez9@cdc.gov; aau5@cdc.gov FU Burkina Faso Ministry of Health; World Health Organization (WHO); United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF); United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This work was supported by the Burkina Faso Ministry of Health, World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. This investigation would not have been possible without the support of numerous people in Burkina Faso and elsewhere. The authors would particularly like to thank Dr. Sylvestre Tiendrebeogo and Dr. Mete Bonkoungou from the Burkina Faso Ministry of Health; Dr. Djamila Cabral and Dr. Ma Ouattara from WHO Burkina Faso; Dr. Annick Dosseh and Dr. Bokar Toure from WHO West Africa Inter-country Support Team; Dr. Peter Strebel from WHO Geneva; Dr. Maurice Hours and Dr. Fernand Toe from UNICEF Burkina Faso; Dr. Marie Therese Guigui-Zoundi from UNICEF West and Central Africa Regional Office; Dr. Robin Nandy from UNICEF New York; Dr. Kathleen Gallagher and Dr. Paul Rota from the CDC Division of Viral Diseases; the U.S. Embassy Ouagadougou; and the other Burkina Faso staff, health workers, data collectors, and study participants for their contributions to the investigation. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 13 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 33 BP 5000 EP 5008 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.05.024 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 976XY UT WOS:000306621900015 PM 22652399 ER PT J AU Gershman, MD Staples, JE Bentsi-Enchill, AD Breugelmans, JG Brito, GS Camacho, LAB Cottin, P Domingo, C Durbin, A Gascon, J Guenaneche, F Hayes, EB Jelenik, Z Khromava, A Martins, RD Wilson, MM Massy, N Nasidi, A Niedrig, M Sherwat, A Tsai, T Vilella, A Wilson, ME Kohl, KS AF Gershman, Mark D. Staples, J. Erin Bentsi-Enchill, Adwoa D. Breugelmans, J. Gabrielle Brito, Glacus S. Bastos Camacho, Luiz Antonio Cottin, Pascale Domingo, Cristina Durbin, Anna Gascon, Joaquim Guenaneche, Fouzia Hayes, Edward B. Jelenik, Zsuzsanna Khromava, Alena Martins, Reinaldo de Menezes Wilson, Mario Masana Massy, Nathalie Nasidi, Abdulsalami Niedrig, Matthias Sherwat, Adam Tsai, Theodore Vilella, Anna Wilson, Mary Elizabeth Kohl, Katrin S. CA Brighton Collaboration TI Viscerotropic disease: Case definition and guidelines for collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Viscerotropic disease; Yellow fever vaccine; Adverse event; Immunization; Guideline; Case definition ID YELLOW-FEVER VACCINE; SERIOUS ADVERSE EVENTS; DISSEMINATED INFECTION; VIRUS-VACCINE; RHABDOMYOLYSIS; STATEMENT; STRAIN; TRIALS; BRAZIL; LIVE C1 [Gershman, Mark D.; Kohl, Katrin S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Staples, J. Erin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Bentsi-Enchill, Adwoa D.] World Hlth Org, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. [Breugelmans, J. Gabrielle] Sc Inst Pasteur, Agence Med Prevent, F-75724 Paris 15, France. [Brito, Glacus S.] Hosp Clin FMUSP, Div Clin Immunol & Allergy, BR-05403000 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Bastos Camacho, Luiz Antonio] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacl Saude Publ, BR-21041210 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Cottin, Pascale] Sanofipasteur, Global Pharmacovigilance & Epidemiol, F-69007 Lyon, France. [Domingo, Cristina; Niedrig, Matthias] Robert Koch Inst, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. [Durbin, Anna] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Immunizat Res, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Gascon, Joaquim; Hayes, Edward B.; Vilella, Anna] Univ Barcelona, Barcelona Ctr Int Hlth Res, CRESIB, Hosp Clin, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain. [Guenaneche, Fouzia] Sanofipasteur MSD, Div Safety Monitoring & Risk Management Pediat &, F-69367 Lyon 07, France. [Jelenik, Zsuzsanna] Natl Ctr Epidemiol, Int Travellers Hlth & Vaccinat Ctr, H-1097 Budapest, Hungary. [Khromava, Alena] Sanofipasteur Ltd, Global Pharmacovigilance & Epidemiol Dept, Toronto, ON M2R 3T4, Canada. [Martins, Reinaldo de Menezes] Biomanguinhos Fiocruz, BR-21040900 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Wilson, Mario Masana] Minist Hlth, Epidemiol Direct, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Massy, Nathalie] Rouen Univ Hosp, Pharmacovigilance Reg Ctr Upper Normandy, F-76031 Rouen, France. [Nasidi, Abdulsalami] Fed Secretariat, Fed Minist Hlth, Maitama, Abuja, Nigeria. [Sherwat, Adam] NIAID, Div Aids, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Tsai, Theodore] Novartis Vaccines, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Wilson, Mary Elizabeth] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth & Populat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Gershman, MD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM contact@brightoncollaboration.org RI Gascon, Joaquim/M-3598-2015; Martins, Reinaldo/I-3413-2015; OI Gascon, Joaquim/0000-0002-5045-1585; Martins, Reinaldo/0000-0002-0667-532X; Imoukhuede, Egeruan Babatunde/0000-0001-6679-0904 FU NIAID NIH HHS [Z99 AO999999-99] NR 61 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 13 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 33 BP 5038 EP 5058 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.04.067 PG 21 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 976XY UT WOS:000306621900019 PM 22561144 ER EF