FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Gounder, PP Bulkow, LR Snowball, M Negus, S Spradling, PR Simons, BC McMahon, BJ AF Gounder, P. P. Bulkow, L. R. Snowball, M. Negus, S. Spradling, P. R. Simons, B. C. McMahon, B. J. TI Nested case-control study: hepatocellular carcinoma risk after hepatitis B surface antigen seroclearance SO ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-INFECTION; NATURAL-HISTORY; ALASKA; CLEARANCE; FIBROSIS; NATIVES; COHORT; METAANALYSIS; CIRRHOSIS; GENOTYPE AB BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk after resolving chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is unclear. AimTo compare HCC risk between Alaska Native (AN) patients with and without hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance. MethodsWe selected persons with (case-patients) and without (control-patients) HBsAg seroclearance from a cohort of 1346 chronically HBV-infected AN patients followed during 19822013. We attempted to match two control-patients/case-patient on sex, HBV genotype, and age. Person-years of follow-up for case-patients began on the date of HBsAg resolution and for control-patients began on the date equivalent to the cohort entry date plus the years of HBsAg duration for their corresponding case-patient. We compared HCC risk using a Cox proportional hazards model. ResultsThe 238 case-patients (4 with HCC) and 435 control-patients (9 with HCC) were similar in age [P-value (P) = 0.30], sex (P = 0.53) and HBV genotype (P = 0.99). Case-patients had longer person-years of follow-up than control-patients (11.7 vs. 10.1 years; P = 0.04). The HCC rate/100 000 persons was similar between case- (132) and control-patients (178; P = 0.65). The adjusted hazard ratio comparing case- and control-patients was similar for HCC [0.7; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.2-2.4], increased for each 1-year increment for age (1.1; CI: 1.0-1.1; P < 0.01), and was greater if the initial HBeAg was positive (3.5; CI: 1.1-11.0; P = 0.03). ConclusionsHepatitis B surface antigen seroclearance was not associated with reduced HCC risk; the HCC risk estimates are limited by wide 95% confidence intervals. Persons meeting HCC surveillance indications prior to HBsAg seroclearance could benefit from continued surveillance after seroclearance. C1 [Gounder, P. P.; Bulkow, L. R.; McMahon, B. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Arctic Invest Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [Snowball, M.; Negus, S.; Simons, B. C.; McMahon, B. J.] Alaska Nat Tribal Hlth Consortium, Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [Spradling, P. R.] CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS, Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gounder, PP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM pgounder@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; NCHHSTP CDC HHS [U01 PS004113] NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-2813 EI 1365-2036 J9 ALIMENT PHARM THER JI Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 43 IS 11 BP 1197 EP 1207 DI 10.1111/apt.13621 PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DL8AE UT WOS:000375860900009 PM 27061300 ER PT J AU Boyle, CL Sanders, MR Lutzker, JR Prinz, RJ Shapiro, C Whitaker, DJ AF Boyle, Cynthia L. Sanders, Matthew R. Lutzker, John R. Prinz, Ronald J. Shapiro, Cheri Whitaker, Daniel J. TI An Analysis of Training, Generalization, and Maintenance Effects of Primary Care Triple P for Parents of Preschool-Aged Children with Disruptive Behavior (vol 46, pg 820, 2015) SO CHILD PSYCHIATRY & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Correction C1 [Boyle, Cynthia L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, DVP, PDEB, NCIPC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Boyle, Cynthia L.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Sanders, Matthew R.] Univ Queensland, Parenting & Family Support Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Lutzker, John R.; Whitaker, Daniel J.] Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Prinz, Ronald J.; Shapiro, Cheri] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Sanders, MR (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Parenting & Family Support Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM matts@psy.uq.edu.au NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0009-398X EI 1573-3327 J9 CHILD PSYCHIAT HUM D JI Child Psychiat. Hum. Dev. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 47 IS 3 BP 528 EP 528 DI 10.1007/s10578-016-0630-y PG 1 WC Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry GA DL3WP UT WOS:000375564500017 PM 26957297 ER PT J AU Montano, SM Mori, N Nelson, CA Ton, TGN Celis, V Ticona, E Sihuincha, M Tilley, DH Kochel, T Zunt, JR AF Montano, S. M. Mori, N. Nelson, C. A. Ton, T. G. N. Celis, V. Ticona, E. Sihuincha, M. Tilley, D. H. Kochel, T. Zunt, J. R. CA Meningoencephalitis Working Grp TI Herpes simplex virus encephalitis in Peru: a multicentre prospective study SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Central nervous system infections; encephalitis; epidemiology; herpes simplex virus; virology ID NERVOUS-SYSTEM; INFECTIONS; ETIOLOGIES; DIAGNOSIS; ADULTS AB Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is one of the most commonly identified infectious aetiologies of encephalitis in North America and Europe. The epidemiology of encephalitis beyond these regions, however, is poorly defined. During 2009-2012 we enrolled 313 patients in a multicentre prospective study of encephalitis in Peru, 45 (14.4%) of whom had confirmed HSV infection. Of 38 patients with known HSV type, 84% had HSV-1 and 16% had HSV-2. Patients with HSV infection were significantly more likely to present in the summer months (44.4% vs. 20.0%, P = 0.003) and have nausea (60.0% vs. 39.8%, P = 0.01) and rash (15.6% vs. 5.3%, P = 0.01) compared to patients without HSV infection. These findings highlight differences in the epidemiology and clinical presentation of HSV encephalitis outside of the Northern Hemisphere that warrant further investigation. Furthermore, there is an urgent need for improved HSV diagnostic capacity and availability of intravenous acyclovir in Peru. C1 [Montano, S. M.; Tilley, D. H.; Kochel, T.] US Naval Med Res Unit 6, Callao, Peru. [Mori, N.; Nelson, C. A.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Mori, N.] Hosp Daniel Alcides Carrion, Callao, Peru. [Ton, T. G. N.; Zunt, J. R.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA USA. [Celis, V.] Hosp Belen, Trujillo, Peru. [Ticona, E.] Hosp Mayo, Lima, Peru. [Ticona, E.] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Lima 14, Peru. [Sihuincha, M.] Hosp Cesar Garayar Garcia, Loreto, Peru. [Zunt, J. R.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA USA. [Zunt, J. R.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Nelson, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd,Mail Stop P-02, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM wje1@cdc.gov FU NIH Fogarty International Center grant [RO1NS55627]; National Institutes of Health Office of the Director; Fogarty International Center; Office of AIDS Research; National Cancer Center; National Eye Institute; National Heart, Blood, and Lung Institute; National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; National Institute on Drug Abuse; National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Health; NIH Office of Women's Health and Research through the International Clinical Research Fellows Program at Vanderbilt University [R24 TW007988] FX Funding for this study was provided by NIH Fogarty International Center grant RO1NS55627 to Joseph R. Zunt. This work was also supported by the National Institutes of Health Office of the Director, Fogarty International Center, Office of AIDS Research, National Cancer Center, National Eye Institute, National Heart, Blood, and Lung Institute, National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Health, and NIH Office of Women's Health and Research through the International Clinical Research Fellows Program at Vanderbilt University (R24 TW007988). NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 144 IS 8 BP 1673 EP 1678 DI 10.1017/S0950268815003222 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DL7EV UT WOS:000375804300011 PM 26733400 ER PT J AU Painter, JE Gargano, JW Yoder, JS Collier, SA Hlavsa, MC AF Painter, J. E. Gargano, J. W. Yoder, J. S. Collier, S. A. Hlavsa, M. C. TI Evolving epidemiology of reported cryptosporidiosis cases in the United States, 1995-2012 SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; water-borne infections ID HUMAN FECAL SPECIMENS; RECREATIONAL WATER; SPORADIC CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS; PARVUM ANTIGENS; GIARDIA-LAMBLIA; HEALTHY-ADULTS; APPLE CIDER; OUTBREAK; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTION AB Cryptosporidium is the leading aetiology of waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States. This report briefly describes the temporal and geographical distribution of US cryptosporidiosis cases and presents analyses of cryptosporidiosis case data reported in the United States for 1995-2012. The Cochran-Armitage test was used to assess changes in the proportions of cases by case status (confirmed vs. non-confirmed), sex, race, and ethnicity over the study period. Negative binomial regression models were used to estimate rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for comparing rates across three time periods (1995-2004, 2005-2008, 2009-2012). The proportion of confirmed cases significantly decreased (P < 0.0001), and a crossover from male to female predominance in case-patients occurred (P < 0.0001). Overall, compared to 1995-2004, rates were higher in 2005-2008 (RR 2.92, 95% CI 2.08- 4.09) and 2009-2012 (RR 2.66, 95% CI 1.90-3.73). However, rate changes from 2005-2008 to 2009-2012 varied by age group (P-interaction < 0.0001): 0-14 years (RR 0.55, 95% CI 0.42-0.71), 15-44 years (RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.82-1.19), 45-64 years (RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.21-1.79) and >= 65 years (RR 2.18, 95% CI 1.46-3.25). The evolving epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis necessitates further identification of risk factors in population subgroups. Adding systematic molecular typing of Cryptosporidium specimens to US national cryptosporidiosis surveillance would help further identify risk factors and markedly expand understanding of cryptosporidiosis epidemiology in the United States. C1 [Painter, J. E.; Gargano, J. W.; Yoder, J. S.; Collier, S. A.; Hlavsa, M. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Painter, JE (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Global & Community Hlth, 4400 Univ Dr,Robinson Hall B432, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM jpainte6@gmu.edu NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 144 IS 8 BP 1792 EP 1802 DI 10.1017/S0950268815003131 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DL7EV UT WOS:000375804300025 PM 27125575 ER PT J AU Sutton, PL Luo, ZP Divis, PCS Friedrich, VK Conway, DJ Singh, B Barnwell, JW Carlton, JM Sullivan, SA AF Sutton, Patrick L. Luo, Zunping Divis, Paul C. S. Friedrich, Volney K. Conway, David J. Singh, Balbir Barnwell, John W. Carlton, Jane M. Sullivan, Steven A. TI Characterizing the genetic diversity of the monkey malaria parasite Plasmodium cynomolgi SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium cynomolgi; Plasmodium vivax; Genetic variation; Microsatellite repeats; Evolution ID DUFFY BINDING-PROTEIN; SPOROZOITE TISSUE STAGES; ERYTHROCYTE INVASION; POPULATION-GENETICS; PRIMATE MALARIA; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE GENE; KNOWLESI MALARIA; SIMIAN MALARIAS; SOUTHEAST-ASIA AB Plasmodium cynomolgi is a malaria parasite that typically infects Asian macaque monkeys, and humans on rare occasions. P. cynomolgi serves as a model system for the human malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax, with which it shares such important biological characteristics as formation of a dormant liver stage and a preference to invade reticulocytes. While genomes of three P. cynomolgi strains have been sequenced, genetic diversity of P. cynomolgi has not been widely investigated. To address this we developed the first panel of P. cynomolgi microsatellite markers to genotype eleven P. cynomolgi laboratory strains and 18 field isolates from Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. We found diverse genotypes among most of the laboratory strains, though two nominally different strains were found to be genetically identical. We also investigated sequence polymorphism in two erythrocyte invasion gene families, the reticulocyte binding protein and Duffy binding protein genes, in these strains. We also observed copy number variation in rbp genes. (c) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sutton, Patrick L.; Luo, Zunping; Carlton, Jane M.; Sullivan, Steven A.] NYU, Dept Biol, Ctr Genom & Syst Biol, 12 Waverly Pl, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Divis, Paul C. S.; Conway, David J.] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Pathogen Mol Biol Dept, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Divis, Paul C. S.; Conway, David J.; Singh, Balbir] Univ Malaysia Sarawak, Malaria Res Ctr, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Kota Samarahan 94300, Sarawak, Malaysia. [Friedrich, Volney K.] NYU, Dept Anthropol, 38 Waverly Pl, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Barnwell, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Res & Dev Unit, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sutton, Patrick L.] Acsel Hlth, 500 5th Ave,Suite 2760, New York, NY 10110 USA. [Friedrich, Volney K.] Univ Penn, Dept Anthropol, Museum Archaeol & Anthropol, Room 325,3260 South St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Sullivan, SA (reprint author), NYU, Dept Biol, Ctr Genom & Syst Biol, 12 Waverly Pl, New York, NY 10003 USA. EM sullis02@nyu.edu FU MacCracken Program in the Graduate School of Arts and Science at New York University (New York, NY); National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) International Centers of Excellence in Malaria Research Grant [U19AI089676] FX ZL is supported by the MacCracken Program in the Graduate School of Arts and Science at New York University (New York, NY). This work was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) International Centers of Excellence in Malaria Research Grant U19AI089676 to JMC. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 EI 1567-7257 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 40 BP 243 EP 252 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.03.009 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DK2TT UT WOS:000374768000034 PM 26980604 ER PT J AU Nicklett, EJ Anderson, LA Yen, IH AF Nicklett, Emily J. Anderson, Lynda A. Yen, Irene H. TI Gardening Activities and Physical Health Among Older Adults: A Review of the Evidence SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Review DE physical activity; older adults; gardening tasks; programs ID EXERCISE INTENSITIES; METABOLIC COST; PROGRAM; NUTRITION; PEOPLE; TASKS AB Few studies have examined the health-related consequences of gardening among older adults. This scoping review summarizes and characterizes current research that examines the relationship between physical health and participation in planned gardening activities, including establishing, maintaining, or caring for plants. Six databases were searched. Eligible studies were published between 2000 and 2013, were published in English, and assessed different aspects of physical health (e.g., functional ability, energy expenditure, injury) for older adults who had participated in a planned gardening activity. Of the eight eligible studies identified with these criteria, four assessed energy expenditures and four assessed physical functioning. Studies assessing energy expenditures documented that the majority of gardening tasks were classified into low-to-moderate intensity physical activity. The current literature does not provide sufficient evidence of the physical functioning consequences of gardening. Future studies should consider how specific gardening interventions help older adults meet physical activity guidelines. C1 [Nicklett, Emily J.] Univ Michigan, Sch Social Work, 1080 South Univ Ave,Suite 3772, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA. [Anderson, Lynda A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Anderson, Lynda A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Yen, Irene H.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Yen, Irene H.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Nicklett, EJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Social Work, 1080 South Univ Ave,Suite 3772, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA. EM enicklet@umich.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0733-4648 EI 1552-4523 J9 J APPL GERONTOL JI J. Appl. Gerontol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 35 IS 6 BP 678 EP 690 DI 10.1177/0733464814563608 PG 13 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA DL5XF UT WOS:000375709700008 PM 25515757 ER PT J AU Somers, TS Ulirsch, GV AF Somers, Tarah S. Ulirsch, Gregory V. TI Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Child Care Safe Siting Initiative SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Somers, Tarah S.] ATSDR, Atlanta, GA USA. [Somers, Tarah S.] ATSDR Reg 1, Boston, MA USA. RP Somers, TS (reprint author), ATSDR Reg 1 New England, 5 Post Off Sq,Suite 1010,Mail Code ATSDR10-1, Boston, MA 02109 USA. EM tvs@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD JUN PY 2016 VL 78 IS 10 BP 40 EP 42 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL7NQ UT WOS:000375827800007 PM 27348982 ER PT J AU Foster, K AF Foster, Kelli TI Vector Control Tools and Resources for Environmental Health Professionals SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Foster, Kelli] CDC, EHSB, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Foster, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Kelli.Foster@cdc.hhs.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD JUN PY 2016 VL 78 IS 10 BP 44 EP 46 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL7NQ UT WOS:000375827800008 PM 27348983 ER PT J AU Mottl, AK Divers, J Dabelea, D Maahs, DM Dolan, L Pettitt, D Marcovina, S Imperatore, G Pihoker, C Mauer, M Mayer-Davis, EJ AF Mottl, Amy K. Divers, Jasmin Dabelea, Dana Maahs, David M. Dolan, Lawrence Pettitt, David Marcovina, Santica Imperatore, Giuseppina Pihoker, Catherine Mauer, Michael Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J. CA SEARCH Diabet Youth Study TI The dose-response effect of insulin sensitivity on albuminuria in children according to diabetes type SO PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Microalbuminuria; Urine: albumin creatinine ratio; Insulin resistance; Nephropathy; Metabolic syndrome ID CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS; URINARY ALBUMIN; INCIDENT MICROALBUMINURIA; UNITED-STATES; RESISTANCE; YOUTH; MELLITUS; NEPHROPATHY; PREVALENCE AB Insulin resistance is associated with microalbuminuria among youth with diabetes mellitus. We sought to determine the dose-response effect of insulin sensitivity (IS) on the magnitude of albuminuria and whether there is a threshold below which urine albumin excretion increases. These analyses included participants from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study with incident diabetes who completed a baseline study visit (n = 2988). We estimated IS using a validated equation incorporating waist circumference, HbA1C, and fasting serum triglycerides. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to assess the effect of IS on urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR), stratified by diabetes type. The IS threshold was then determined using segmented regressions within each diabetes type and incorporated into the multivariate model. There was an association between IS and UACR in type 2 diabetes only (beta = -0.39; p < 0.001). There was strong statistical evidence for a threshold effect of IS score on UACR in the group of youth with type 2 (beta = 0.40; p < 0.001) but not type 1 diabetes (p = 0.3). In cross-sectional analyses, there is a negative association between IS and UACR in youth with type 2 but not type 1 diabetes, and this association likely includes a threshold effect of IS on UACR. C1 [Mottl, Amy K.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, UNC Div Nephrol & Hypertens, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Divers, Jasmin] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Biostat Sci, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Dabelea, Dana] Univ Colorado Denver, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aurora, CO USA. [Maahs, David M.] Univ Colorado Denver, Barbara Davis Ctr Childhood Diabet, Aurora, CO USA. [Dolan, Lawrence] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med, Div Endocrinol, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Marcovina, Santica] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Northwest Lipid Metab & Diabet Res Labs, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Imperatore, Giuseppina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pihoker, Catherine] Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Mauer, Michael] Univ Minnesota, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Mauer, Michael] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Mottl, AK (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, UNC Div Nephrol & Hypertens, Chapel Hill, NC USA. EM amy_mottl@med.unc.edu OI Mottl, Amy/0000-0002-4258-1726 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [00097, DP-05-069, DP-10-001]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Kaiser Permanente Southern California [U48/CCU919219, U01 DP000246, U18DP002714]; University of Colorado Denver [U48/CCU819241-3, U01 DP000247, U18DP000247-06A1]; Children's Hospital Medical Center (Cincinnati) [U48/CCU519239, U01 DP000248, 1U18DP002709]; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill [U48/CCU419249, U01 DP000254, U18DP002708]; University of Washington School of Medicine [U58/CCU019235-4, U01 DP000244, U18DP002710-01]; Wake Forest University School of Medicine [U48/CCU919219, U01 DP000250, 200-2010-35171]; NIH/NCRR [UL1RR029882]; NIH CTSA Grant of the University of Washington [UL1 TR00423]; University of Colorado Pediatric Clinical and Translational Research Center (CTRC) [UL1 TR000154]; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health [8 UL1 TR000077] FX SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth is funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (PA numbers 00097, DP-05-069, and DP-10-001) and supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.; Site Contract Numbers: Kaiser Permanente Southern California (U48/CCU919219, U01 DP000246, and U18DP002714), University of Colorado Denver (U48/CCU819241-3, U01 DP000247, and U18DP000247-06A1), Children's Hospital Medical Center (Cincinnati) (U48/CCU519239, U01 DP000248, and 1U18DP002709), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (U48/CCU419249, U01 DP000254, and U18DP002708), University of Washington School of Medicine (U58/CCU019235-4, U01 DP000244, and U18DP002710-01), Wake Forest University School of Medicine (U48/CCU919219, U01 DP000250, and 200-2010-35171).; The authors wish to acknowledge the involvement of General Clinical Research Centers (GCRC) at the South Carolina Clinical & Translational Research (SCTR) Institute, at the Medical University of South Carolina (NIH/NCRR Grant number UL1RR029882); Seattle Children's Hospital (NIH CTSA Grant UL1 TR00423 of the University of Washington); University of Colorado Pediatric Clinical and Translational Research Center (CTRC) (Grant Number UL1 TR000154) and the Barbara Davis Center at the University of Colorado at Denver (DERC NIH P30 DK57516); and the National Center for Research Resources and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, through Grant 8 UL1 TR000077; and the Children with Medical Handicaps program managed by the Ohio Department of Health. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0931-041X EI 1432-198X J9 PEDIATR NEPHROL JI Pediatr. Nephrol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 31 IS 6 BP 933 EP 940 DI 10.1007/s00467-015-3276-2 PG 8 WC Pediatrics; Urology & Nephrology SC Pediatrics; Urology & Nephrology GA DK0CJ UT WOS:000374579700007 PM 26754041 ER PT J AU Rossen, LM Kobernik, EK AF Rossen, L. M. Kobernik, E. K. TI Food insecurity and dietary intake among US youth, 2007-2010 SO PEDIATRIC OBESITY LA English DT Article DE Adolescents; children; nutrition; propensity score methods; survey ID LOW-INCOME; VEGETABLE INTAKE; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; OBESITY; SECURITY; PARTICIPATION; ASSOCIATIONS; ENVIRONMENTS; DISPARITIES AB Background: There is limited research describing associations between food insecurity and dietary intake. Objective: To examine differences in dietary intake by food security status among a nationally representative sample of children and adolescents in the USA. Methods: The sample included 5136 children, ages 2-15 years, from the National Nutrition and Health Examination Survey, 2007-2010. Propensity score weighting was used to improve covariate balance between food-secure and food-insecure (marginal, low or very low food security) participants. Multivariate measurement error models were used to model usual intake of various dietary components and assess differences by food security status. Results: Initial analyses using multivariate measurement error models determined there were no differences between food-insecure and food-secure children across several dietary components. In sensitivity analyses, children experiencing very low food security consumed fewer whole grains and more solid fats and added sugars compared with their food-secure counterparts. Some of these differences were attenuated after propensity score weighting, although intake of whole grains and added sugars remained significantly different. Conclusions: Food insecurity was largely not associated with dietary intake among 2-15-year-old US children, although some differences were observed comparing food-secure children to those experiencing very low food security. C1 [Rossen, L. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Infant Child & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Kobernik, E. K.] Univ Michigan, Program Womens Hlth Care Effectiveness Res, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Rossen, LM (reprint author), Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6121, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM lrossen@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2047-6310 EI 2047-6302 J9 PEDIATR OBES JI Pediatr. Obes. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 11 IS 3 BP 187 EP 193 DI 10.1111/ijpo.12044 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DL6WI UT WOS:000375780200005 PM 26061645 ER PT J AU Chen, GX Fang, YJ Guo, F Hanowski, RJ AF Chen, Guang Xiang Fang, Youjia Guo, Feng Hanowski, Richard J. TI The influence of daily sleep patterns of commercial truck drivers on driving performance SO ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE Naturalistic driving study; Sleep pattern; Cluster analysis; Negative binomial regression; Truck driver safety ID VEHICLE DRIVERS; RISK; CRASHES; FATIGUE; OBESITY; HEALTH AB Fatigued and drowsy driving has been found to be a major cause of truck crashes. Lack of sleep is the number one cause of fatigue and drowsiness. However, there are limited data on the sleep patterns (sleep duration, sleep percentage in the duration of non-work period, and the time when sleep occurred) of truck drivers in non-work periods and the impact on driving performance. This paper examined sleep patterns of 96 commercial truck drivers during non-work periods and evaluated the influence these sleep patterns had on truck driving performance. Data were from the Naturalistic Truck Driving Study. Each driver participated in the study for approximately four weeks. A shift was defined as a non-work period followed by a work period. A total of 1397 shifts were identified. Four distinct sleep patterns were identified based on sleep duration, sleep start/end point in a non-work period, and the percentage of sleep with reference to the duration of non-work period. Driving performance was measured by safety-critical events, which included crashes, near-crashes, crash-relevant conflicts, and unintentional lane deviations. Negative binomial regression was used to evaluate the association between the sleep patterns and driving performance, adjusted for driver demographic information. The results showed that the sleep pattern with the highest safety-critical event rate was associated with shorter sleep, sleep in the early stage of a non-work period, and less sleep between 1 a.m. and 5 a.m. This study also found that male drivers, with fewer years of commercial vehicle driving experience and higher body mass index, were associated with deteriorated driving performance and increased driving risk. The results of this study could inform hours-of-service policy-making and benefit safety management in the trucking industry. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chen, Guang Xiang] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Safety Res, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Fang, Youjia; Guo, Feng; Hanowski, Richard J.] Virginia Tech, Transportat Inst, 3500 Transportat Res Dr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Guo, Feng] Virginia Tech, Dept Stat, 406A Hutcheson Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Chen, GX (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Safety Res, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM gchen@cdc.gov; youjia@vt.edu; feng.guo@vt.edu; RHanowski@vtti.vt.edu FU Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration FX The data for this study were collected under a project funded by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 9 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0001-4575 EI 1879-2057 J9 ACCIDENT ANAL PREV JI Accid. Anal. Prev. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 91 BP 55 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.aap.2016.02.027 PG 9 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA DK8FP UT WOS:000375162900007 PM 26954762 ER PT J AU Zemtsova, GE Apanaskevich, DA Reeves, WK Hahn, M Snellgrove, A Levin, ML AF Zemtsova, Galina E. Apanaskevich, Dmitry A. Reeves, Will K. Hahn, Micah Snellgrove, Alyssa Levin, Michael L. TI Phylogeography of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato and its relationships with climatic factors SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rhipicephalus sanguineus; Genetic diversity; Phylogenetic analysis; Phylogeographic pattern; Climate variables ID BROWN DOG TICK; RICKETTSIA-RICKETTSII; ACARI IXODIDAE; SOUTH-AMERICA; POPULATIONS; LATREILLE; SEQUENCES; REGIONS; GENERA AB Brown dog ticks morphologically identifiable as Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato, are distributed world-wide and their systematics is controversial. Results of genetic and reproductive compatibility studies of geographically distinct populations of R. sanguineus s.l. indicate that the R. sanguineus complex is paraphyletic. To further elucidate systematic relationships within R. sanguineus s.l. and geographic boundaries of its lineages, we conducted a phylogeographical study of 136 tick specimens from 23 countries. Voucher specimens were morphologically identified. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using concatenated partial mitochondrial 12S and 16S rDNA gene sequences and analyzed by the Neighbor-Joining method. A set of 19 bioclimatic variables within the WorldClim dataset were extracted and analyzed to assess correlations between distribution of R. sanguineus s.l. lineages and climatic variables. The following four branches are clearly recognized on the phylogenetic tree: R. sanguineus s.l.-tropical and temperate clades, R. leporis, and R. turanicus. DNA sequences of Rhipicephalus ticks from Israel differ from those of other groups. Strong association between geographical locations of major clades of R. sanguineus s.l. and temperature was identified. The tropical clade of R. sanguineus s.l. occupies areas with the annual mean temperature > 20 A degrees C, whereas the temperate clade is present in areas with the annual mean temperature < 20 A degrees C. Our results indicate that ticks in two closely related phylogenetic clades are adapted to different environmental conditions and support proposals for re-classification of R. sanguineus complex. Differences in R. sanguineus s.l. ecology and human/animal pathogens transmitted by different taxa of brown dog tick need to be studied. C1 [Zemtsova, Galina E.; Snellgrove, Alyssa; Levin, Michael L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-13, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Apanaskevich, Dmitry A.] Georgia So Univ, Inst Coastal Plain Sci, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. [Reeves, Will K.] US Air Force, Sch Aerosp Med, PHR, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Hahn, Micah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Hahn, Micah] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Zemtsova, GE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-13, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM GZemtsova@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8162 EI 1572-9702 J9 EXP APPL ACAROL JI Exp. Appl. Acarol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 69 IS 2 BP 191 EP 203 DI 10.1007/s10493-016-0035-4 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DK4TQ UT WOS:000374912900006 PM 27003273 ER PT J AU Anigstein, R Erdman, MC Ansari, A AF Anigstein, Robert Erdman, Michael C. Ansari, Armin TI USE OF TRANSPORTABLE RADIATION DETECTION INSTRUMENTS TO ASSESS INTERNAL CONTAMINATION FROM INTAKES OF RADIONUCLIDES PART I: FIELD TESTS AND MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE counting efficiency; Monte Carlo; detector, scintillation; whole-body counting ID DEVICE AB The detonation of a radiological dispersion device or other radiological incidents could result in the dispersion of radioactive materials and intakes of radionuclides by affected individuals. Transportable radiation monitoring instruments could be used to measure photon radiation from radionuclides in the body for triaging individuals and assigning priorities to their bioassay samples for further assessments. Computer simulations and experimental measurements are required for these instruments to be used for assessing intakes of radionuclides. Count rates from calibrated sources of Co-60, Cs-137, and Am-241 were measured on three instruments: a survey meter containing a 2.54 x 2.54-cm NaI(Tl) crystal, a thyroid probe using a 5.08 x 5.08-cm NaI(Tl) crystal, and a portal monitor incorporating two 3.81 x 7.62 x 182.9-cm polyvinyltoluene plastic scintillators. Computer models of the instruments and of the calibration sources were constructed, using engineering drawings and other data provided by the manufacturers. Count rates on the instruments were simulated using the Monte Carlo radiation transport code MCNPX. The computer simulations were within 16% of the measured count rates for all 20 measurements without using empirical radionuclide-dependent scaling factors, as reported by others. The weighted root-mean-square deviations (differences between measured and simulated count rates, added in quadrature and weighted by the variance of the difference) were 10.9% for the surveymeter, 4.2% for the thyroid probe, and 0.9% for the portal monitor. These results validate earlier MCNPX models of these instruments that were used to develop calibration factors that enable these instruments to be used for assessing intakes and committed doses from several gamma-emitting radionuclides. C1 [Anigstein, Robert] S Cohen & Associates, 1608 Spring Hill Rd, A-2218 Vienna, Austria. [Erdman, Michael C.] Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Ansari, Armin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Radiat Studies Branch, EHHE, NCEH, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Anigstein, R (reprint author), S Cohen & Associates, 740 West End Ave,Apt 95A, New York, NY 10025 USA. EM anigstein@cs.com FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [GS-10F-0093K]; S. Cohen & Associates (SCA Inc.); SciMetrika LLC [200-2009-28540, 0008] FX This work was supported by Contract No. GS-10F-0093K from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) with S. Cohen & Associates (SC&A Inc.) Additional support was provided by SciMetrika LLC, under Contract No. 200-2009-28540, Task Order 0008. The contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 110 IS 6 BP 612 EP 622 DI 10.1097/HP.0000000000000496 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA DK7QM UT WOS:000375120800009 PM 27115229 ER PT J AU Endegue-Zanga, MC Sadeuh-Mba, SA Iber, J Burns, CC Moeletsi, NG Baba, M Bukbuk, D Delpeyroux, F Mengouo, MN Demanou, M Vernet, G Etoa, FX Njouom, R AF Endegue-Zanga, Marie Claire Sadeuh-Mba, Serge Alain Iber, Jane Burns, Cara C. Moeletsi, Nicksy Gumede Baba, Marycelin Bukbuk, David Delpeyroux, Francis Mengouo, Marcellin Nimpa Demanou, Maurice Vernet, Guy Etoa, Francois-Xavier Njouom, Richard TI Importation and outbreak of wild polioviruses from 2000 to 2014 and interruption of transmission in Cameroon SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Poliomyelitis; Wild poliovirus; Importation; Immunization; Eradication ID VACCINE-DERIVED POLIOVIRUSES; POLIO ERADICATION; WORLDWIDE; PROGRESS AB Background: Efficient implementation of the global eradication strategies consisting of Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) surveillance and mass immunization campaigns led to interruption of indigenous wild poliovirus transmission in Cameroon in 1999. Objectives: This study describes type 1 and type 3 wild poliovirus (WPV) importation, incidence, geographic distribution and control since the original interruption of transmission in Cameroon. Study design: Stool samples from AFP patients under the age of 15 years in Cameroon were collected nationwide and subjected to virus isolation on RD and L2OB cell cultures. Resulting virus isolates were typed by intratypic differentiation (ITD) and analysis of the VP1 coding sequence of the viral genome. Surveillance data originating from Cameroon between 2000 and 2014 were considered for retrospective descriptive analyses. Results: From 2003 to 2009, multiple WPV importation events from neighboring countries affected mainly in the northern regions of Cameroon but did not led to sustained local transmission. Throughout this period, 16 WPV1 and 5 WPV3 were detected and identified as members of multiple clusters within type specific West Africa B genotypes (WEAF-B). In 2013-2014, a polio outbreak associated to a highly evolved ("orphan") WPV1 affected four southern regions of Cameroon. Conclusions: The appearance of highly evolved lineage of type 1 WPV suggests potential surveillance gap and underscore the need to maintain comprehensive polio immunization activities and sensitive surveillance systems in place as long as any country in the world remains endemic for WPV. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Endegue-Zanga, Marie Claire; Sadeuh-Mba, Serge Alain; Demanou, Maurice; Vernet, Guy; Njouom, Richard] Ctr Pasteur Cameroon, Virol Serv, POB 1274, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Iber, Jane; Burns, Cara C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Iber, Jane; Moeletsi, Nicksy Gumede] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Baba, Marycelin] Univ Maiduguri, Coll Med Sci, Dept Med Lab Sci, Maiduguri, Nigeria. [Bukbuk, David] Univ Maiduguri, Dept Microbiol, Bama Rd,PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria. [Delpeyroux, Francis] Inst Pasteur, INSERM U994, Biol Virus Enter, F-75724 Paris 15, France. [Mengouo, Marcellin Nimpa] WHO Cameroon Country Off, POB 155, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Etoa, Francois-Xavier] Univ Yaounde I, POB 337, Yaounde, Cameroon. RP Njouom, R (reprint author), Ctr Pasteur Cameroon, Virol Serv, POB 1274, Yaounde, Cameroon. EM njouom@pasteur-yaounde.org OI SADEUH-MBA, Serge Alain/0000-0003-3377-8225 FU WHO grant, Technical Service Agreement (TSA) FX The WHO grant, Technical Service Agreement (TSA). NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 EI 1873-5967 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 79 BP 18 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2016.03.025 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA DK7RB UT WOS:000375122300005 PM 27045455 ER PT J AU Smith, JP Sammons, DL Pretty, JR Kurtz, KS Robertson, SA DeBord, DG Connor, TH Snawder, JE AF Smith, Jerome P. Sammons, Deborah L. Pretty, Jack R. Kurtz, Kristine S. Robertson, Shirley A. DeBord, D. Gayle Connor, Thomas H. Snawder, John E. TI Detection of 5-fluorouracil surface contamination in near real time SO JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY PHARMACY PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Antineoplastic drugs; lateral flow; direct reading AB Objectives Contamination of workplace surfaces by antineoplastic drugs presents an exposure risk for healthcare workers. Traditional instrumental methods to detect contamination such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) or liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) are sensitive and accurate but expensive and incapable of producing results in real time. This limits their utility in preventing worker exposure. We are currently developing monitors based on lateral flow immunoassay that can detect drug contamination in near real time. In this report, we describe the laboratory performance of a 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) monitor. Methods The monitor was evaluated by spiking ceramic, vinyl, composite, stainless steel, and glass surfaces of 100cm(2) area with 5-FU masses of 0, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100ng. The surface was sampled with a wetted cotton swab, the swab was extracted with buffer, and the resulting solution was applied to a lateral flow monitor. Two ways of evaluating the response of these monitors were used: an electronic method where a lateral flow reader was used for measuring line intensities, and a visual method where the intensity of the test line was visually compared to the control line. Results The 5-FU monitor is capable of detecting 10ng/100cm(2) (0.1ng/cm(2)) using the electronic reader and 25ng/100cm(2) (0.25ng/cm(2)) using the visual comparison method for the surfaces studied. The response of the monitors was compared to LC-MS/MS results for the same samples for validation and there was good correlation of the two methods but some differences in absolute response, especially at higher spiking levels for the surface samples. C1 [Smith, Jerome P.; Sammons, Deborah L.; Pretty, Jack R.; Robertson, Shirley A.; DeBord, D. Gayle; Connor, Thomas H.; Snawder, John E.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, US Centers Dis Control & Prevent, 1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Kurtz, Kristine S.] Bur Veritas North Amer, Novi, MI USA. RP Smith, JP (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, US Centers Dis Control & Prevent, 1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM jps3@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1078-1552 EI 1477-092X J9 J ONCOL PHARM PRACT JI J. Oncol. Pharm. Pract. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 3 BP 396 EP 408 DI 10.1177/1078155215585187 PG 13 WC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DK3CT UT WOS:000374794300002 PM 25956418 ER PT J AU Coombs, KC Chew, GL Schaffer, C Ryan, PH Brokamp, C Grinshpun, SA Adamkiewicz, G Chillrud, S Hedman, C Colton, M Ross, J Reponen, T AF Coombs, Kanistha C. Chew, Ginger L. Schaffer, Christopher Ryan, Patrick H. Brokamp, Cole Grinshpun, Sergey A. Adamkiewicz, Gary Chillrud, Steve Hedman, Curtis Colton, Meryl Ross, Jamie Reponen, Tiina TI Indoor air quality in green-renovated vs. non-green low-income homes of children living in a temperate region of US (Ohio) SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Green renovation; PM2.5; VOC; Black carbon; Formaldehyde ID ENVIRONMENTAL-QUALITY; HOUSING INTERVENTIONS; OUTDOOR; HEALTH; POLLUTION; RESIDENCES; ASTHMA; SMOKE AB Green eco-friendly housing includes approaches to reduce indoor air pollutant sources and to increase energy efficiency. Although sealing/tightening buildings can save energy and reduce the penetration of outdoor pollutants, an adverse outcome can be increased buildup of pollutants with indoor sources. The objective of this study was to determine the differences in the indoor air quality (IAQ) between green and non-green homes in low-income housing complexes. In one housing complex, apartments were renovated using green principles (n = 28). Home visits were conducted immediately after the renovation, and subsequently at 6 months and at 12 months following the renovation. Of these homes, eight homes had pre-renovation home visits; this allowed pre- and post-renovation comparisons within the same homes. Parallel visits were conducted in non-green (control) apartments (n = 14) in a nearby low-income housing complex. The IAQ assessments included PM2.5, black carbon, ultrafine particles, sulfur, total volatile organic compounds (VOCs), formaldehyde, and air exchange rate. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. None of the indoor pollutant concentrations were significantly different between green and non-green homes. However, we found differences when comparing the concentrations before and after renovation. Measured immediately after renovation, indoor black carbon concentrations were significantly lower averaging 682 ng/m(3) in post-renovation vs. 2364 ng/m(3) in pre-renovation home visits (p = 0.01). In contrast, formaldehyde concentrations were significantly higher in post-renovated (0.03 ppm) than in pre-renovated homes (0.01 ppm) (p = 0.004). Questionnaire data showed that opening of windows occurred less frequently in homes immediately post-renovation compared to pre-renovation; this factor likely affected the levels of indoor black carbon (from outdoor sources) and formaldehyde (from indoor sources) more than the renovation status itself. To reduce IAQ problems and potentially improve health, careful selection of indoor building materials and ensuring sufficient ventilation are important for green building designs. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Coombs, Kanistha C.; Schaffer, Christopher; Ryan, Patrick H.; Brokamp, Cole; Grinshpun, Sergey A.; Reponen, Tiina] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, POB 670056, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Chew, Ginger L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F60, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ryan, Patrick H.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Adamkiewicz, Gary; Colton, Meryl] Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, 401 Pk Dr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Chillrud, Steve; Ross, Jamie] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Geochem Div, POB 8000, Palisades, NY USA. [Hedman, Curtis] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, 465 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Reponen, T (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, POB 670056, Cincinnati, OH USA. FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5UO1EH000990]; NIEHS grant [P30 ES009089] FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); grant #5UO1EH000990. We would also like to acknowledge NIEHS grant # P30 ES009089 for the PM2.5 and black carbon data analysis. The findings and conclusions in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 15 U2 64 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 554 BP 178 EP 185 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.136 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DI1RZ UT WOS:000373274700019 PM 26950631 ER PT J AU Miller, ER Moro, PL Cano, M Lewis, P Bryant-Genevier, M Shimabukuro, TT AF Miller, Elaine R. Moro, Pedro L. Cano, Maria Lewis, Paige Bryant-Genevier, Marthe Shimabukuro, Tom T. TI Post-licensure safety surveillance of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 1990-2013 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE 23-Valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine; Vaccines; Immunizations; Vaccine safety; Surveillance; Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; IMMUNOCOMPROMISING CONDITIONS RECOMMENDATIONS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; CONJUGATE VACCINE; UNITED-STATES; ADULTS; CHILDREN; IMMUNOGENICITY; REACTOGENICITY; PREVENTION AB Background: 23-Valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, trade name Pneumovax (R) 23 (PPSV23), has been used for decades in the Unites States and has an extensive clinical record. However, limited post-licensure safety assessment has been conducted. Objective: To analyze reports submitted to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) following PPSV23 from 1990 to 2013 in order to characterize its safety profile. Methods: We searched the VAERS database for US reports following PPSV23 for persons vaccinated from 1990 to 2013. We assessed safety through: automated analysis of VAERS data, crude adverse event (AE) reporting rates based on PPSV23 doses distributed in the US market, clinical review of death reports and reports involving vaccine administered to pregnant women, and empirical Bayesian data mining to assess for disproportional reporting. Results: During the study period, VAERS received 25,168 PPSV23 reports; 92% were non-serious, 67% were in females and 86% were in adults aged >= 19 years. When PPSV23 was administered alone, fever (43%), injection site erythema (28%) and injection site pain (25%) were the most commonly reported non-serious AEs in children. Injection site erythema (32%), injection site pain (27%) and injection site swelling (23%) were the most commonly reported non-serious AEs in adults. Of serious reports (2129, 8% of total), fever was most commonly reported in both children (69%) and adults (39%). There were 66 reports of death, four in children and 62 in adults. Clinical review of death reports did not reveal any concerning patterns that would suggest a causal association with PPSV23. No disproportional reporting of unexpected AEs was observed in empirical Bayesian data mining. Conclusions: We did not identify any new or unexpected safety concerns for PPSV23. The VAERS data are consistent with safety data from pre-licensure clinical trials and other post-licensure studies. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Miller, Elaine R.; Moro, Pedro L.; Cano, Maria; Lewis, Paige; Shimabukuro, Tom T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bryant-Genevier, Marthe] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. RP Miller, ER (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Immunizat Safety Off, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D-26, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM EMiller@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 27 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 25 BP 2841 EP 2846 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.04.021 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DN8GQ UT WOS:000377317600012 PM 27087150 ER PT J AU Spies, EL Klevens, J AF Spies, Erica L. Klevens, Joanne TI Fatal Abusive Head Trauma Among Children Aged < 5 Years - United States, 1999-2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID DEATHS C1 [Spies, Erica L.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Spies, Erica L.; Klevens, Joanne] CDC, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Spies, EL (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Spies, EL (reprint author), CDC, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ESpies@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAY 27 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 20 BP 505 EP 509 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM8LI UT WOS:000376614200001 PM 27227373 ER PT J AU Jackson, SL VanFrank, BK Lundeen, E Uncangco, A Alam, L King, SMC Cogswell, ME AF Jackson, Sandra L. VanFrank, Brenna K. Lundeen, Elizabeth Uncangco, Alyssa Alam, Lawrence King, Sallyann M. Coleman Cogswell, Mary E. TI Sodium in Store and Restaurant Food Environments - Guam, 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID PACIFIC ISLANDS; HEALTH C1 [Jackson, Sandra L.; VanFrank, Brenna K.; Lundeen, Elizabeth] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jackson, Sandra L.; King, Sallyann M. Coleman; Cogswell, Mary E.] CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [VanFrank, Brenna K.; Lundeen, Elizabeth] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jackson, SL (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Jackson, SL (reprint author), CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM SLJackson@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAY 27 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 20 BP 510 EP 513 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM8LI UT WOS:000376614200002 PM 27227418 ER PT J AU Simeone, RM Shapiro-Mendoza, CK Meaney-Delman, D Petersen, EE Galang, RR Oduyebo, T Rivera-Garcia, B Valencia-Prado, M Newsome, KB Perez-Padilla, J Williams, TR Biggerstaff, M Jamieson, DJ Honein, MA AF Simeone, Regina M. Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K. Meaney-Delman, Dana Petersen, Emily E. Galang, Romeo R. Oduyebo, Titilope Rivera-Garcia, Brenda Valencia-Prado, Miguel Newsome, Kimberly B. Perez-Padilla, Janice Williams, Tonya R. Biggerstaff, Matthew Jamieson, Denise J. Honein, Margaret A. CA Zika Pregnancy Working Grp TI Possible Zika Virus Infection Among Pregnant Women - United States and Territories, May 2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID REPRODUCTIVE AGE; TRAVELERS; EXPOSURE C1 [Simeone, Regina M.; Newsome, Kimberly B.; Honein, Margaret A.] CDC, Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K.; Petersen, Emily E.; Oduyebo, Titilope; Jamieson, Denise J.] CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Meaney-Delman, Dana] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Galang, Romeo R.; Oduyebo, Titilope] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Galang, Romeo R.] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rivera-Garcia, Brenda] Puerto Rico Dept Hlth, Off Epidemiol & Res, San Juan, PR USA. [Valencia-Prado, Miguel] Puerto Rico Dept Hlth, Puerto Rico Birth Defects Surveillance & Prevent, San Juan, PR USA. [Perez-Padilla, Janice] CDC, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Williams, Tonya R.] CDC, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Biggerstaff, Matthew] CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Simeone, RM (reprint author), CDC, Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eocbirthdef@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 9 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAY 27 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 20 BP 514 EP 519 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM8LI UT WOS:000376614200003 PM 27248295 ER PT J AU Biswas, HH Han, GS Wendorf, K Winter, K Zipprich, J Perti, T Martinez, L Arellano, A Kyle, JL Zhang, P Harriman, K AF Biswas, Hope H. Han, George S. Wendorf, Kristen Winter, Kathleen Zipprich, Jennifer Perti, Tara Martinez, Linda Arellano, Aileen Kyle, Jennifer L. Zhang, Peng Harriman, Kathleen TI Outbreak of Serogroup B Meningococcal Disease at a University - California, 2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; RECOMMENDATIONS; VACCINES C1 [Biswas, Hope H.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Biswas, Hope H.; Wendorf, Kristen; Winter, Kathleen; Zipprich, Jennifer; Harriman, Kathleen] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Immunizat Branch, Richmond, CA USA. [Han, George S.; Perti, Tara; Martinez, Linda; Arellano, Aileen] Santa Clara Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Santa Clara, CA USA. [Kyle, Jennifer L.; Zhang, Peng] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Microbial Dis Lab, Richmond, CA USA. RP Biswas, HH (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Biswas, HH (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Immunizat Branch, Richmond, CA USA. EM hgh4@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAY 27 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 20 BP 520 EP 521 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM8LI UT WOS:000376614200004 PM 27227576 ER PT J AU Flygare, S Simmon, K Miller, C Qiao, Y Kennedy, B Di Sera, T Graf, EH Tardif, KD Kapusta, A Rynearson, S Stockmann, C Queen, K Tong, SX Voelkerding, KV Blaschke, A Byington, CL Jain, S Pavia, A Ampofo, K Eilbeck, K Marth, G Yandell, M Schlaberg, R AF Flygare, Steven Simmon, Keith Miller, Chase Qiao, Yi Kennedy, Brett Di Sera, Tonya Graf, Erin H. Tardif, Keith D. Kapusta, Aurelie Rynearson, Shawn Stockmann, Chris Queen, Krista Tong, Suxiang Voelkerding, Karl V. Blaschke, Anne Byington, Carrie L. Jain, Seema Pavia, Andrew Ampofo, Krow Eilbeck, Karen Marth, Gabor Yandell, Mark Schlaberg, Robert TI Taxonomer: an interactive metagenomics analysis portal for universal pathogen detection and host mRNA expression profiling SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Metagenomics; Microbiome; Pathogen detection; Infectious disease diagnostics ID GUT MICROBIOTA; SEARCH TOOL; SEQ; CONTAMINATION; CANCER; CLASSIFICATION; RESISTANCE; DISCOVERY; SEQUENCES; CHILDREN AB Background: High-throughput sequencing enables unbiased profiling of microbial communities, universal pathogen detection, and host response to infectious diseases. However, computation times and algorithmic inaccuracies have hindered adoption. Results: We present Taxonomer, an ultrafast, web-tool for comprehensive metagenomics data analysis and interactive results visualization. Taxonomer is unique in providing integrated nucleotide and protein-based classification and simultaneous host messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript profiling. Using real-world case-studies, we show that Taxonomer detects previously unrecognized infections and reveals antiviral host mRNA expression profiles. To facilitate data-sharing across geographic distances in outbreak settings, Taxonomer is publicly available through a web-based user interface. Conclusions: Taxonomer enables rapid, accurate, and interactive analyses of metagenomics data on personal computers and mobile devices. C1 [Flygare, Steven; Miller, Chase; Qiao, Yi; Kennedy, Brett; Di Sera, Tonya; Kapusta, Aurelie; Rynearson, Shawn; Marth, Gabor; Yandell, Mark] Univ Utah, Dept Human Genet, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Graf, Erin H.; Voelkerding, Karl V.; Schlaberg, Robert] Univ Utah, Dept Pathol, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Simmon, Keith; Eilbeck, Karen] Univ Utah, Dept Biomed Informat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Tardif, Keith D.; Voelkerding, Karl V.; Schlaberg, Robert] ARUP Inst Clin & Expt Pathol, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Stockmann, Chris; Blaschke, Anne; Byington, Carrie L.; Pavia, Andrew; Ampofo, Krow] Univ Utah, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Queen, Krista; Tong, Suxiang; Jain, Seema] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Eilbeck, Karen; Marth, Gabor; Yandell, Mark] USTAR Ctr Genet Discovery, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Yandell, M (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Human Genet, Salt Lake City, UT USA.; Schlaberg, R (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Pathol, Salt Lake City, UT USA.; Schlaberg, R (reprint author), ARUP Inst Clin & Expt Pathol, Salt Lake City, UT USA.; Yandell, M (reprint author), USTAR Ctr Genet Discovery, Salt Lake City, UT USA. EM myandell@genetics.utah.edu; robert.schlaberg@path.utah.edu FU National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health [KL2TR001065, UL1TR001067, 5T32HL007576-29]; Primary Children's Hospital Foundation; ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U181P00030]; Utah Science Technology and Research (USTAR) Center for Genetic Discovery; Richard A. and Carol M. Fay Endowed Graduate Fellowship; Department of Pathology FX This work was supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (Award Numbers KL2TR001065, UL1TR001067, 5T32HL007576-29); the Primary Children's Hospital Foundation; the ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Award U181P00030), the Utah Science Technology and Research (USTAR) Center for Genetic Discovery; the Richard A. and Carol M. Fay Endowed Graduate Fellowship, and the Department of Pathology. This work is dedicated to Leonard Nimoy, 1931-2015. Live long and prosper. NR 70 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 11 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1465-6906 EI 1474-760X J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PD MAY 26 PY 2016 VL 17 AR 111 DI 10.1186/s13059-016-0969-1 PG 18 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA DN7TD UT WOS:000377280800001 PM 27224977 ER PT J AU Ezeamama, AE He, CL Shen, Y Yin, XP Binder, SC Campbell, CH Rathbun, S Whalen, CC N'Goran, EK Utzinger, J Olsen, A Magnussen, P Kinung'hi, S Fenwick, A Phillips, A Ferro, J Karanja, DMS Mwinzi, PNM Montgomery, S Secor, WE Hamidou, A Garba, A King, CH Colley, DG AF Ezeamama, Amara E. He, Chun-La Shen, Ye Yin, Xiao-Ping Binder, Sue C. Campbell, Carl H., Jr. Rathbun, Stephen Whalen, Christopher C. N'Goran, Eliezer K. Utzinger, Jurg Olsen, Annette Magnussen, Pascal Kinung'hi, Safari Fenwick, Alan Phillips, Anna Ferro, Josefo Karanja, Diana M. S. Mwinzi, Pauline N. M. Montgomery, Susan Secor, W. Evan Hamidou, Amina Garba, Amadou King, Charles H. Colley, Daniel G. TI Gaining and sustaining schistosomiasis control: study protocol and baseline data prior to different treatment strategies in five African countries SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Schistosomiasis; Schistosoma haematobium; Schistosoma mansoni; Control; Preventive chemotherapy; Praziquantel; Cote d'Ivoire; Kenya; Mozambique; Niger; Tanzania ID NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES; INTER-SECTORAL COLLABORATION; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; MANSONI INFECTION; COTE-DIVOIRE; WATER; METAANALYSIS; HAEMATOBIUM; SANITATION; PROGRAMS AB Background: The Schistosomiasis Consortium for Operational Research and Evaluation (SCORE) was established in 2008 to answer strategic questions about schistosomiasis control. For programme managers, a high-priority question is: what are the most cost-effective strategies for delivering preventive chemotherapy (PCT) with praziquantel (PZQ)? This paper describes the process SCORE used to transform this question into a harmonized research protocol, the study design for answering this question, the village eligibility assessments and data resulting from the first year of the study. Methods: Beginning in 2009, SCORE held a series of meetings to specify empirical questions and design studies related to different schedules of PCT for schistosomiasis control in communities with high (gaining control studies) and moderate (sustaining control studies) prevalence of Schistosoma infection among school-aged children. Seven studies are currently being implemented in five African countries. During the first year, villages were screened for eligibility, and data were collected on prevalence and intensity of infection prior to randomisation and the implementation of different schemes of PZQ intervention strategies. Results: These studies of different treatment schedules with PZQ will provide the most comprehensive data thus far on the optimal frequency and continuity of PCT for schistosomiasis infection and morbidity control. Conclusions: We expect that the study outcomes will provide data for decision-making for country programme managers and a rich resource of information to the schistosomiasis research community. C1 [Ezeamama, Amara E.; He, Chun-La; Shen, Ye; Yin, Xiao-Ping; Rathbun, Stephen; Whalen, Christopher C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Binder, Sue C.; Campbell, Carl H., Jr.; Colley, Daniel G.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Trop & Emerging Global Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [N'Goran, Eliezer K.] Univ Felix Houphouet Boigny, Unite Format & Rech Biosci, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [N'Goran, Eliezer K.] Ctr Suisse Recherches Sci Cote Ivoire, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Utzinger, Jurg] Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Basel, Switzerland. [Utzinger, Jurg] Univ Basel, Basel, Switzerland. [Olsen, Annette; Magnussen, Pascal] Univ Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Kinung'hi, Safari] Natl Inst Med Res, Mwanza, Tanzania. [Fenwick, Alan; Phillips, Anna] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Schistosomiasis Control Initiat, London, England. [Ferro, Josefo] Catholic Univ Mozambique, Beira, Mozambique. [Karanja, Diana M. S.; Mwinzi, Pauline N. M.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Montgomery, Susan; Secor, W. Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hamidou, Amina; Garba, Amadou] Reseau Int Schistosomoses Environm Amenagement &, Niamey, Niger. [King, Charles H.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Global Hlth & Dis, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Colley, Daniel G.] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Ezeamama, AE (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM aezeamam@uga.edu OI King, Charles/0000-0001-8349-9270 FU University of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc.; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for the SCORE project FX These studies received financial support from University of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc., which was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for the SCORE project. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD MAY 26 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 229 DI 10.1186/s12879-016-1575-2 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DM9ZZ UT WOS:000376725500001 PM 27230666 ER PT J AU Tebbens, RJD Hampton, LM Thompson, KM AF Tebbens, Radboud J. Duintjer Hampton, Lee M. Thompson, Kimberly M. TI Implementation of coordinated global serotype 2 oral poliovirus vaccine cessation: risks of potential non-synchronous cessation SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Polio; Eradication; Risk management; Oral poliovirus vaccine; Dynamic modeling; Vaccine-derived poliovirus ID POPULATION IMMUNITY; TRANSMISSION; SEROPREVALENCE; IMMUNIZATION; STRATEGIES; MANAGE; NEEDS AB Background: The endgame for polio eradication involves coordinated global cessation of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) with cessation of serotype 2 OPV (OPV2 cessation) implemented in late April and early May 2016 and cessation of serotypes 1 and 3 OPV (OPV13 cessation) currently planned for after 2018. The logistics associated with globally switching all use of trivalent OPV (tOPV) to bivalent OPV (bOPV) represent a significant undertaking, which may cause some complications, including delays that lead to different timing of the switch across shared borders. Methods: Building on an integrated global model for long-term poliovirus risk management, we consider the expected vulnerability of different populations to transmission of OPV2-related polioviruses as a function of time following the switch. We explore the relationship between the net reproduction number (R-n) of OPV2 at the time of the switch and the time until OPV2-related viruses imported from countries still using OPV2 can establish transmission. We also analyze some specific situations modeled after populations at high potential risk of circulating serotype 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV2) outbreaks in the event of a non-synchronous switch. Results: Well-implemented tOPV immunization activities prior to the tOPV to bOPV switch (i.e., tOPV intensification sufficient to prevent the creation of indigenous cVDPV2 outbreaks) lead to sufficient population immunity to transmission to cause die-out of any imported OPV2-related viruses for over 6 months after the switch in all populations in the global model. Higher Rn of OPV2 at the time of the switch reduces the time until imported OPV2-related viruses can establish transmission and increases the time during which indigenous OPV2-related viruses circulate. Modeling specific connected populations suggests a relatively low vulnerability to importations of OPV2-related viruses that could establish transmission in the context of a non-synchronous switch from tOPV to bOPV, unless the gap between switch times becomes very long (>6 months) or a high risk of indigenous cVDPV2s already exists in the importing and/or the exporting population. Conclusions: Short national discrepancies in the timing of the tOPV to bOPV switch will likely not significantly increase cVDPV2 risks due to the insurance provided by tOPV intensification efforts, although the goal to coordinate national switches within the globally agreed April 17-May 1, 2016 time window minimized the risks associated with cross-border importations. C1 [Tebbens, Radboud J. Duintjer; Thompson, Kimberly M.] Kid Risk Inc, 10524 Moss Pk Rd,Ste 204-364, Orlando, FL 32832 USA. [Hampton, Lee M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tebbens, RJD (reprint author), Kid Risk Inc, 10524 Moss Pk Rd,Ste 204-364, Orlando, FL 32832 USA. EM rdt@kidrisk.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2015-M-63078] FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Contract 200-2015-M-63078 to Kid Risk, Inc. supported RJDT and KMT for this work. The contents of this manuscript are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD MAY 26 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 231 DI 10.1186/s12879-016-1536-9 PG 16 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DN0AB UT WOS:000376725700001 ER PT J AU Mitnick, CD Rodriguez, CA Hatton, ML Brigden, G Cobelens, F Grobusch, MP Horsburgh, R Lange, C Lienhardt, C Oren, E Podewils, LJ Seaworth, B van den Hof, S Daley, CL Gebhard, AC Wares, F AF Mitnick, Carole D. Rodriguez, Carly A. Hatton, Marita L. Brigden, Grania Cobelens, Frank Grobusch, Martin P. Horsburgh, Robert Lange, Christoph Lienhardt, Christian Oren, Eyal Podewils, Laura J. Seaworth, Barbara van den Hof, Susan Daley, Charles L. Gebhard, Agnes C. Wares, Fraser CA RESIST-TB Res Excellence Stop TB GDI Global Drug Resistant TB TI Programmatic Management of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: An Updated Research Agenda SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MDR-TB; STANDARDIZED TREATMENT; LATENT TUBERCULOSIS; CHILD CONTACTS; DOTS-PLUS; INFECTION; OUTCOMES; THERAPY; REGIMEN AB Introduction There are numerous challenges in delivering appropriate treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and the evidence base to guide those practices remains limited. We present the third updated Research Agenda for the programmatic management of drug-resistant TB (PMDT), assembled through a literature review and survey. Methods Publications citing the 2008 research agenda and normative documents were reviewed for evidence gaps. Gaps were formulated into questions and grouped as in the 2008 research agenda: Laboratory Support, Treatment Strategy, Programmatically Relevant Research, Epidemiology, and Management of Contacts. A survey was distributed through snowball sampling to identify research priorities. Respondent priority rankings were scored and summarized by mean. Sensitivity analyses explored weighting and handling of missing rankings. Results Thirty normative documents and publications were reviewed for stated research needs; these were collapsed into 56 research questions across 5 categories. Of more than 500 survey recipients, 133 ranked priorities within at least one category. Priorities within categories included new diagnostics and their effect on improving treatment outcomes, improved diagnosis of paucibacillary and extra pulmonary TB, and development of shorter, effective regimens. Interruption of nosocomial transmission and treatment for latent TB infection in contacts of known MDR-TB patients were also top priorities in their respective categories. Results were internally consistent and robust. Discussion Priorities retained from the 2008 research agenda include shorter MDR-TB regimens and averting transmission. Limitations of recent advances were implied in the continued quest for: shorter regimens containing new drugs, rapid diagnostics that improve treatment outcomes, and improved methods of estimating burden without representative data. Conclusion There is continuity around the priorities for research in PMDT. Coordinated efforts to address questions regarding shorter treatment regimens, knowledge of disease burden without representative data, and treatment for LTBI in contacts of known DR-TB patients are essential to stem the epidemic of TB, including DR-TB. C1 [Mitnick, Carole D.; Rodriguez, Carly A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Global Hlth & Social Med, Boston, MA USA. [Mitnick, Carole D.] Partners Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Hatton, Marita L.; Horsburgh, Robert] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Brigden, Grania] Med Sans Frontieres, Access Campaign, Geneva, Switzerland. [Cobelens, Frank] KNCV TB Fdn, The Hague, Netherlands. [Grobusch, Martin P.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Amsterdam Inst Global Hlth & Dev, Meibergdreef 9, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Grobusch, Martin P.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Ctr Trop Med & Travel Med, Dept Infect Dis,Div Internal Med, Meibergdreef 9, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Lange, Christoph] Res Ctr Borstel, Div Clin Infect Dis, Borstel, Germany. [Lange, Christoph] Res Ctr Borstel, German Ctr Infect Res, TB Unit, Borstel, Germany. [Lange, Christoph] Univ Namibia, Sch Med, Dept Med, Windhoek, Namibia. [Lange, Christoph] Karolinska Inst, Dept Med, Stockholm, Sweden. [Lienhardt, Christian; Wares, Fraser] WHO, Global TB Program, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Oren, Eyal] Mel & Enid Zuckerman Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Tucson, AZ USA. [Podewils, Laura J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS & TB, Atlanta, GA USA. [Seaworth, Barbara] Texas Ctr Infect Dis, Heartland Natl TB Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. [van den Hof, Susan] KNCV TB Fdn, Cent Off, The Hague, Netherlands. [Daley, Charles L.] Natl Jewish Hlth, Dept Med, Denver, CO USA. [Daley, Charles L.] Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Gebhard, Agnes C.] KNCV TB Fdn, Tech Div, The Hague, Netherlands. RP Mitnick, CD (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Global Hlth & Social Med, Boston, MA USA.; Mitnick, CD (reprint author), Partners Hlth, Boston, MA USA. EM Carole_mitnick@hms.harvard.edu OI Oren, Eyal/0000-0001-7817-3516 FU Task Force of the Global Drug-resistant TB Initiative on Drug-Resistant TB Research FX CAR, SV, and AG's time was supported by the Task Force of the Global Drug-resistant TB Initiative on Drug-Resistant TB Research (http://www.stoptb.org/wg/mdrtb/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, and preparation of the manuscript. All other authors received no specific funding for this work. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 25 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 5 AR e0155968 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0155968 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DN2GI UT WOS:000376881700047 PM 27223622 ER PT J AU Abdulla, S Achan, J Adam, I Alemayehu, BH Allan, R Allen, EN Anvikar, AR Arinaitwe, E Ashley, EA Asih, PBS Awab, GR Barnes, KI Bassat, Q Baudin, E Bjorkman, A Bompart, F Bonnet, M Borrmann, S Bousema, T Carrara, VI Cenci, F Checchi, F Cot, M Dahal, P D'Alessandro, U Deloron, P Djimde, A Dondorp, A Dorsey, G Doumbo, OK Drakeley, CJ Duparc, S Espie, E Faiz, A Falade, CO Fanello, C Faucher, JF Faye, B Filler, S Fofana, B Fogg, C Gansane, A Gaye, O Genton, B Gething, PW Gonzalez, R Grandesso, F Greenwood, B Grivoyannis, A Guerin, PJ Hamed, K Hatz, C Hay, SI Hodel, EM Humphreys, GS Hwang, J Janssens, B Jima, D Juma, E Kachur, SP Kager, P Kamya, MR Kapulu, M Karema, C Kayentao, K Kiechel, JR Kofoed, PE Lameyre, V Lee, SJ Lell, B Lima, N Marsh, K Martensson, A Massougbodji, A Mayxay, M McGready, R Menan, H Menendez, C Mens, P Meremikwu, M Mockenhaupt, FP Moreira, C Nabasumba, C Nambozi, M Ndiaye, JL Newton, PN Ngasala, BE Nosten, F Nsanzabana, C Offianan, AT Oguike, M Ogutu, BR Olliaro, P Omar, SA Osorio, L Owusu-Agyei, S Penali, LK Pene, M Peshu, J Piola, P Premji, Z Price, RN Ramharter, M Rombo, L Roper, C Rosenthal, PJ Sagara, I Sawa, P Schallig, HDFH Schramm, B Shekalaghe, SA Sibley, CH Sirima, S Smithuis, F Sow, D Staedke, SG Stepniewska, K Sutanto, I Sutherland, CJ Swarthout, TD Syafruddin, D Sylla, K Talisuna, AO Taylor, WR Temu, EA Ter Kuile, F Tinto, H Tjitra, E Ursing, J Valecha, N van den Broek, I van Herp, M van Vugt, M Ward, SA White, NJ Winstanley, PA Woodrow, CJ Yeka, A Zwang, J AF Abdulla, Salim Achan, Jane Adam, Ishag Alemayehu, Bereket H. Allan, Richard Allen, Elizabeth N. Anvikar, Anupkumar R. Arinaitwe, Emmanuel Ashley, Elizabeth A. Asih, Puji Budi Setia Awab, Ghulam Rahim Barnes, Karen I. Bassat, Quique Baudin, Elisabeth Bjorkman, Anders Bompart, Francois Bonnet, Maryline Borrmann, Steffen Bousema, Teun Carrara, Verena I. Cenci, Fabio Checchi, Francesco Cot, Michel Dahal, Prabin D'Alessandro, Umberto Deloron, Philippe Djimde, Abdoulaye Dondorp, Arjen Dorsey, Grant Doumbo, Ogobara K. Drakeley, Chris J. Duparc, Stephan Espie, Emmanuelle Faiz, Abul Falade, Catherine O. Fanello, Caterina Faucher, Jean-Francois Faye, Babacar Filler, Scott Fofana, Bakary Fogg, Carole Gansane, Adama Gaye, Oumar Genton, Blaise Gething, Peter W. Gonzalez, Raquel Grandesso, Francesco Greenwood, Brian Grivoyannis, Anastasia Guerin, Philippe J. Hamed, Kamal Hatz, Christoph Hay, Simon I. Hodel, Eva Maria Humphreys, Georgina S. Hwang, Jimee Janssens, Bart Jima, Daddi Juma, Elizabeth Kachur, S. Patrick Kager, Piet Kamya, Moses R. Kapulu, Melissa Karema, Corine Kayentao, Kassoum Kiechel, Jean R. Kofoed, Poul-Erik Lameyre, Valerie Lee, Sue J. Lell, Bertrand Lima, Nines Marsh, Kevin Martensson, Andreas Massougbodji, Achille Mayxay, Mayfong McGready, Rose Menan, Herve Menendez, Clara Mens, Petra Meremikwu, Martin Mockenhaupt, Frank P. Moreira, Clarissa Nabasumba, Carolyn Nambozi, Michael Ndiaye, Jean-Louis Newton, Paul N. Ngasala, Billy E. Nosten, Francois Nsanzabana, Christian Offianan, Andre Toure Oguike, Mary Ogutu, Bernhards R. Olliaro, Piero Omar, Sabah A. Osorio, Lyda Owusu-Agyei, Seth Penali, Louis K. Pene, Mbaye Peshu, Judy Piola, Patrice Premji, Zul Price, Ric N. Ramharter, Michael Rombo, Lars Roper, Cally Rosenthal, Philip J. Sagara, Issaka Sawa, Patrick Schallig, Henk D. F. H. Schramm, Birgit Shekalaghe, Seif A. Sibley, Carol H. Sirima, Sodiomon Smithuis, Frank Sow, Doudou Staedke, Sarah G. Stepniewska, Kasia Sutanto, Inge Sutherland, Colin J. Swarthout, Todd D. Syafruddin, Din Sylla, Khadime Talisuna, Ambrose O. Taylor, Walter R. Temu, Emmanuel A. Ter Kuile, Feiko Tinto, Halidou Tjitra, Emiliana Ursing, Johan Valecha, Neena van den Broek, Ingrid van Herp, Michel van Vugt, Michele Ward, Stephen A. White, Nicholas J. Winstanley, Peter A. Woodrow, Charles J. Yeka, Adoke Zwang, Julien CA WWARN Gametocyte Study Grp TI Gametocyte carriage in uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria following treatment with artemisinin combination therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data SO BMC MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE Malaria; Plasmodium falciparum; Drug resistance; Gametocyte ID DIHYDROARTEMISININ-PIPERAQUINE; ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE; ARTESUNATE-MEFLOQUINE; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUGS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; RISK-FACTORS; TRANSMISSION; DYNAMICS; CHILDREN; RESISTANCE AB Background: Gametocytes are responsible for transmission of malaria from human to mosquito. Artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) reduces post-treatment gametocyte carriage, dependent upon host, parasite and pharmacodynamic factors. The gametocytocidal properties of antimalarial drugs are important for malaria elimination efforts. An individual patient clinical data meta-analysis was undertaken to identify the determinants of gametocyte carriage and the comparative effects of four ACTs: artemether-lumefantrine (AL), artesunate/amodiaquine (AS-AQ), artesunate/mefloquine (AS-MQ), and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP). Methods: Factors associated with gametocytaemia prior to, and following, ACT treatment were identified in multivariable logistic or Cox regression analysis with random effects. All relevant studies were identified through a systematic review of PubMed. Risk of bias was evaluated based on study design, methodology, and missing data. Results: The systematic review identified 169 published and 9 unpublished studies, 126 of which were shared with the WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN) and 121 trials including 48,840 patients were included in the analysis. Prevalence of gametocytaemia by microscopy at enrolment was 12.1 % (5887/48,589), and increased with decreasing age, decreasing asexual parasite density and decreasing haemoglobin concentration, and was higher in patients without fever at presentation. After ACT treatment, gametocytaemia appeared in 1.9 % (95 % CI, 1.7-2.1) of patients. The appearance of gametocytaemia was lowest after AS-MQ and AL and significantly higher after DP (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR), 2.03; 95 % CI, 1.24-3.12; P = 0.005 compared to AL) and AS-AQ fixed dose combination (FDC) (AHR, 4.01; 95 % CI, 2.40-6.72; P < 0.001 compared to AL). Among individuals who had gametocytaemia before treatment, gametocytaemia clearance was significantly faster with AS-MQ (AHR, 1.26; 95 % CI, 1.00-1.60; P = 0.054) and slower with DP (AHR, 0.74; 95 % CI, 0.63-0.88; P = 0.001) compared to AL. Both recrudescent (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 9.05; 95 % CI, 3.74-21.90; P < 0.001) and new (AOR, 3.03; 95 % CI, 1.66-5.54; P < 0.001) infections with asexual-stage parasites were strongly associated with development of gametocytaemia after day 7. Conclusions: AS-MQ and AL are more effective than DP and AS-AQ FDC in preventing gametocytaemia shortly after treatment, suggesting that then on-artemisinin partner drug or the timing of artemisinin dosing are important determinants of post-treatment gametocyte dynamics. C1 Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, Dept Med Microbiol 268, POB 9101, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands. 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[Dahal, Prabin; Dondorp, Arjen; Guerin, Philippe J.; Humphreys, Georgina S.; Kapulu, Melissa; Lee, Sue J.; Marsh, Kevin; Mayxay, Mayfong; McGready, Rose; Moreira, Clarissa; Newton, Paul N.; Nosten, Francois; Nsanzabana, Christian; Ogutu, Bernhards R.; Price, Ric N.; Stepniewska, Kasia; White, Nicholas J.; Woodrow, Charles J.] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Oxford, England. [D'Alessandro, Umberto; Roper, Cally] LSHTM, London, England. [D'Alessandro, Umberto] Inst Trop Med, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. [Deloron, Philippe; Faucher, Jean-Francois] Mother & Child Faced Trop Infect Res Unit, Inst Rech Dev, Paris, France. [Deloron, Philippe] Univ Paris 05, PRES Paris Sorbonne Cite, Paris, France. [Djimde, Abdoulaye] Univ Bamako, Fac Med Pharm & Odontostomatol, Dept Epidemiol Parasit Dis, Malaria Res & Training Ctr, Bamako, Mali. [Dorsey, Grant; Rosenthal, Philip J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. 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[Gaye, Oumar] Univ Cheikh Anta Diop, Fac Med, Dept Med Parasitol, Dakar, Senegal. [Genton, Blaise] Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Basel, Switzerland. [Genton, Blaise] Univ Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Genton, Blaise] Univ Hosp, Dept Ambulatory Care & Community Med, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Gething, Peter W.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Spatial Ecol & Epidemiol Grp, S Parks Rd, Oxford, England. [Gonzalez, Raquel] Univ Barcelona, Hosp Clin, Ctr Invest Saude Manhica Manhica Mozamb & ISGloba, Barcelona Ctr Int Hlth Res CRESIB, E-08007 Barcelona, Spain. [Greenwood, Brian] LSHTM, Dept Dis Control, London, England. [Grivoyannis, Anastasia] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hamed, Kamal] Novartis Pharmaceut, E Hanover, NJ USA. [Hatz, Christoph] Swiss Trop Inst, Dept Med, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. [Hay, Simon I.] Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England. [Hay, Simon I.] Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hodel, Eva Maria; Temu, Emmanuel A.] Swiss Trop Inst & Publ Hlth Inst, Basel, Switzerland. [Hodel, Eva Maria] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Clin Sci, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Hwang, Jimee; Kachur, S. Patrick] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hwang, Jimee] Univ Calif San Francisco, Global Hlth Grp, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Janssens, Bart] Med Sans Frontieres Operat Ctr, Brussels, Belgium. [Jima, Daddi] Fed Minist Hlth, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Juma, Elizabeth] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kager, Piet] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Meibergdreef 9, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Kamya, Moses R.] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Kampala, Uganda. [Karema, Corine] Minist Hlth, RBC, Malaria & Other Parasit Dis Div, Kigali, Rwanda. [Kiechel, Jean R.; Zwang, Julien] Drugs Neglected Dis Initiat DNDi, Geneva, Switzerland. [Kofoed, Poul-Erik] Projecto Saude Bandim, Bissau, Guinea Bissau. [Kofoed, Poul-Erik] IRS Univ So Denmark, Lillebaelt Hosp, Hlth Serv Res Unit, Vejle, Denmark. [Kofoed, Poul-Erik] Kolding Cty Hosp, Dept Paediat, Kolding, Denmark. [Lell, Bertrand; Ramharter, Michael] Ctr Rech Medicales Lambarene, Lambarene, Gabon. [Lima, Nines] Med Sans Frontieres Operat Ctr Barcelona Athens, Barcelona, Spain. [Martensson, Andreas] Upssala Univ, Int Maternal & Child Hlth, Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth, Uppsala, Sweden. [Massougbodji, Achille] Univ Abomey Calavi, Fac Sci Sante, Ctr Etud & Rech Paludisme Associe Grossesse & Enf, Cotonou, Benin. [Mayxay, Mayfong] Mahosot Hosp, Microbiol Lab, Lao Oxford Mahosot Hosp, Wellcome Trust Res Unit LOMWRU, Viangchan, Laos. [Mayxay, Mayfong] Univ Hlth Sci, Fac Postgrad Studies, Viangchan, Laos. [Menan, Herve] Univ Cocody, Fac Pharm, Dept Parasitol, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Menendez, Clara] Univ Barcelona, Barcelona Inst Global Hlth ISGlobal, Hosp Clin, E-08007 Barcelona, Spain. [Menendez, Clara] CISM, Manhica Hlth Res Ctr, Manhica, Mozambique. [Mens, Petra; Schallig, Henk D. F. H.] KIT Biomed Res, Royal Trop Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Mens, Petra] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Ctr Trop Med & Travel Med, Div Infect Dis, NL-1012 WX Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Meremikwu, Martin] Univ Calabar, Dept Paediat, Calabar, Nigeria. [Meremikwu, Martin] Nigeria Inst Trop Dis Res & Prevent, Calabar, Nigeria. [Mockenhaupt, Frank P.] Charite, Inst Trop Med & Int Hlth, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. [Nabasumba, Carolyn] Mbarara Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Med, Mbarara, Uganda. [Nambozi, Michael] Trop Dis Res Ctr, Ndola, Zambia. [Ndiaye, Jean-Louis] Univ Cheikh Anta Diop, Fac Med, Parasitol & Mycol Lab, Dakar, Senegal. [Newton, Paul N.] Mahosot Hosp, Lao Oxford Mahosot Hosp Wellcome Trust Res Unit, Viangchan, Laos. [Ngasala, Billy E.] Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Parasitol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Ngasala, Billy E.] Karolinska Inst, Dept Med, Infect Dis Unit, Malaria Res, Stockholm, Sweden. [Offianan, Andre Toure] Inst Pasteur, Malariol Dept, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Oguike, Mary; Sutherland, Colin J.] LSHTM, Dept Immunol & Infect, London, England. [Ogutu, Bernhards R.] US Army, Med Res Unit, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. [Olliaro, Piero] UNICEF UNDP World Bank WHO Special Programme Res, Geneva, Switzerland. [Omar, Sabah A.] Int Ctr Insect Physiol & Ecol, Mbita Point, Kenya. [Osorio, Lyda] Univ Valle, Fac Salud, Cali, Colombia. [Owusu-Agyei, Seth] Kintampo Hlth Res Ctr, Kintampo, Ghana. [Penali, Louis K.] WWARN, Dakar, Senegal. [Piola, Patrice] Inst Pasteur Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar. [Premji, Zul] Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Price, Ric N.] Menzies Sch Hlth Res, Darwin, NT, Australia. [Price, Ric N.] Charles Darwin Univ, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia. [Ramharter, Michael] Med Univ Vienna, Div Infect Dis & Trop Med, Dept Med 1, Vienna, Austria. [Ramharter, Michael] Univ Tubingen, Inst Tropenmed, Tubingen, Germany. [Rombo, Lars] Karolinska Inst, Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Med Solna, Infect Dis Unit, Stockholm, Sweden. [Sawa, Patrick] Int Ctr Insect Physiol & Ecol, Human Hlth Div, Mbita, Kenya. [Sibley, Carol H.] Univ Washington, Dept Genome Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sirima, Sodiomon] Ctr Natl Rech & Format Paludisme, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Smithuis, Frank] Myanmar Oxford Clin Res Unit, Yangon, Myanmar. [Smithuis, Frank] Med Act Myanmar, Yangon, Myanmar. [Sow, Doudou] Univ Cheikh Anta Diop, Fac Med, Serv Parasitol, Dakar, Senegal. [Staedke, Sarah G.] LSHTM, Dept Clin Res, London, England. [Staedke, Sarah G.] Infect Dis Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda. [Sutanto, Inge] Univ Indonesia, Fac Med, Dept Parasitol, Jakarta, Indonesia. 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RP Stepniewska, K (reprint author), WWARN, Oxford, England.; Bousema, T (reprint author), London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect & Immunity, London WC1, England.; Bousema, T (reprint author), Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, Dept Med Microbiol, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands.; Stepniewska, K (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Oxford, England. EM teun.bousema@radboudumc.nl; kasia.stepniewska@wwarn.org RI Bousema, Teun/N-3574-2014; Hay, Simon/F-8967-2015; Ward, Steve/G-6003-2015; OI Humphreys, Georgina/0000-0001-9947-0034; Guerin, Philippe/0000-0002-6008-2963; Hay, Simon/0000-0002-0611-7272; Hamed, Kamal/0000-0003-1896-9736; Ward, Steve/0000-0003-2331-3192; Dahal, Prabin/0000-0002-2158-846X; Kapulu, Melissa/0000-0003-0321-7128; Price, Richard/0000-0003-2000-2874; Osorio, Lyda/0000-0002-5121-4741; Gething, Peter/0000-0001-6759-5449; ter Kuile, Feiko/0000-0003-3663-5617 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation grant; European Research Council [ERC-2014-StG 639776] FX We thank the patients and all the staff who participated in these clinical trials at all the sites and the WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN) team for technical and administrative support. We would also like to thank Sigma-Tau for sharing data and Hasifa Bukirwa, Marco Corsi, Oumar Faye, Bouasy Hongvanthong, Anand Joshi, Maniphone Khanthavong Moussa Kone, Elfaith Malik, Ushma Mehta, Albert Same-Ekobo, Bhwana Sharma, and Roger CK Tine for their contributions to the studies used in the pooled analysis. WWARN is funded by a Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation grant. The funder did not participate in developing the protocol or writing the paper. Teun Bousema is supported by a fellowship from the European Research Council (ERC-2014-StG 639776). NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 21 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1741-7015 J9 BMC MED JI BMC Med. PD MAY 24 PY 2016 VL 14 AR 79 DI 10.1186/s12916-016-0621-7 PG 18 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DM7YL UT WOS:000376576000001 ER PT J AU Murti, M Yard, E Kramer, R Haselow, D Mettler, M McElvany, R Martin, C AF Murti, Michelle Yard, Ellen Kramer, Rachel Haselow, Dirk Mettler, Mike McElvany, Rocky Martin, Colleen TI Impact of the 2012 extreme drought conditions on private well owners in the United States, a qualitative analysis SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Climate; Droughts; Qualitative research; Water quality; Water wells ID WATER CONSERVATION; DRINKING-WATER; PERCEPTIONS; SUPPLIES; CONSUMPTION; HOMEOWNERS; CALIFORNIA; COMMUNITY; ATTITUDES; BEHAVIOR AB Background: Extreme hot and dry weather during summer 2012 resulted in some of the most devastating drought conditions in the last half-century in the United States (U.S.). While public drinking water systems have contingency plans and access to alternative resources to maintain supply for their customers during drought, little is known about the impacts of drought on private well owners, who are responsible for maintaining their own water supply. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the public health impacts of the 2012 drought on private well owners' water quality and quantity, identify their needs for planning and preparing for drought, and to explore their knowledge, attitudes, and well maintenance behaviors during drought. Methods: In the spring of 2013, we conducted six focus group discussions with private well owners in Arkansas, Indiana, and Oklahoma. Results: There were a total of 41 participants, two-thirds of whom were men aged 55 years or older. While participants agreed that 2012 was the worst drought in memory, few experienced direct impacts on their water quantity or quality. However, all groups had heard of areas or individuals whose wells had run dry. Participants conserved water by reducing their indoor and outdoor consumption, but they had few suggestions on additional ways to conserve, and they raised concerns about limiting water use too much. Participants wanted information on how to test their well and any water quality issues in their area. Conclusions: This investigation identified information needs regarding drought preparedness and well management for well owners. C1 [Murti, Michelle] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Yard, Ellen; Martin, Colleen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Studies Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kramer, Rachel] SciMetrika LLC, Durham, NC USA. [Haselow, Dirk] Arkansas Dept Hlth, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Mettler, Mike] Indiana State Dept Hlth, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [McElvany, Rocky] Oklahoma Dept Hlth, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP Murti, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. EM michelle.murti@gmail.com FU Arkansas Department of Health; Indiana State Department of Health; Oklahoma State Department of Health; Oklahoma Water Resources Board; SciMetrika LLC FX The authors thank the participants of the focus groups, as well as the Arkansas Department of Health (particularly Shirley Louie and Terry Paul), the Indiana State Department of Health, the Oklahoma State Department of Health (particularly Kristy Bradley), Oklahoma Water Resources Board, and SciMetrika LLC for their support. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 13 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD MAY 24 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 430 DI 10.1186/s12889-016-3039-4 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM6CC UT WOS:000376436500004 PM 27220629 ER PT J AU Santibanez, TA Kennedy, ED AF Santibanez, Tammy A. Kennedy, Erin D. TI Reasons given for not receiving an influenza vaccination, 2011-12 influenza season, United States SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Adult; Child; Influenza, Human; United States; Vaccination ID ADULTS; RATES AB Background: Influenza vaccination coverage in the United States remains below national targets and racial/ethnic differences persist. Objectives: To gain insights into potential strategies for improving influenza vaccination by examining reasons given for not receiving an influenza vaccination during the 2011-12 influenza season. Methods: Data from the National Flu Survey were analyzed for the 2011-12 influenza season. Tests of association between reasons for non-vaccination and demographic variables were conducted using Wald chi-square tests. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine variables independently associated with each reason for non-vaccination. Results: For adults and children, there were no racial/ethnic differences in the overall most frequent reason for non-vaccination: "unlikely to get very sick from the flu". Regarding adults, there were racial/ethnic differences in seven of the twelve reasons for non-vaccination in bivariate analyses, but only three remained significant in the multivariable models. Most notable of these was that blacks (40.9%) were more likely than Hispanics (27.0%), whites (25.2%), and adults of other/multiple races (21.2%) to report concerns about getting the flu from the vaccination and blacks (39.8%) were more likely than whites (28.4%) and adults of other/multiple races (29.3%) to report concerns about side effects from the vaccine. Regarding children, there were racial/ethnic differences for three of the reasons for non-vaccination, and these remained significant in the multivariable models. The most noteworthy of these was that more black (44.4%) than white (24.0%) and other/multiple race (19.0%) parents had concerns about their child getting the flu from the vaccination. Other demographic variables (age, gender income, MSA for adults and age and income for children) were also associated with reasons for non-vaccination based on the multivariable models. Conclusions: There are racial/ethnic group differences in reasons for not receiving an influenza vaccination; recognition of these differences should guide the choice of interventions to increase vaccination rates. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Santibanez, Tammy A.; Kennedy, Erin D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop A-19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Santibanez, TA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop A-19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM afz5@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 23 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 24 BP 2671 EP 2678 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.04.039 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DN1FK UT WOS:000376811500006 PM 27118168 ER PT J AU Lindsey, RL Pouseele, H Chen, JC Strockbine, NA Carleton, HA AF Lindsey, Rebecca L. Pouseele, Hannes Chen, Jessica C. Strockbine, Nancy A. Carleton, Heather A. TI Implementation of Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) for Identification and Characterization of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coil (STEC) in the United States SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Escherichia coil; whole genome sequence; STEC; next generation sequencing; stx subtyping; Escherichia coli serotypes ID COLI; SURVEILLANCE AB Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coil (STEC) is an important foodborne pathogen capable of causing severe disease in humans. Rapid and accurate identification and characterization techniques are essential during outbreak investigations. Current methods for characterization of STEC are expensive and time-consuming. With the advent of rapid and cheap whole genome sequencing (WGS) benchtop sequencers, the potential exists to replace traditional workflows with WGS. The aim of this study was to validate tools to do reference identification and characterization from WGS for STEC in a single workflow within an easy to use commercially available software platform. Publically available serotype, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance databases were downloaded from the Center for Genomic Epidemiology (CGE) (www.genomicepidemiology.org) and integrated into a genotyping plug-in with in silico PCR tools to confirm some of the virulence genes detected from WGS data. Additionally, down sampling experiments on the WGS sequence data were performed to determine a threshold for sequence coverage needed to accurately predict serotype and virulence genes using the established workflow. The serotype database was tested on a total of 228 genomes and correctly predicted from WGS for 96.1 % of O serogroups and 96.5% of H serogroups identified by conventional testing techniques. A total of 59 genomes were evaluated to determine the threshold of coverage to detect the different WGS targets, 40 were evaluated for serotype and virulence gene detection and 19 for the stx gene subtypes. For serotype, 95% of the O and 100% of the H serogroups were detected at > 40x and >= 30x coverage, respectively. For virulence targets and stx gene subtypes, nearly all genes were detected at 40x, though some targets were 100% detectable from genomes with coverage >= 20x. The resistance detection tool was 97% concordant with phenotypic testing results. With isolates sequenced to > 40x coverage, the different databases accurately predicted serotype, virulence, and resistance from WGS data, providing a fast and cheaper alternative to conventional typing techniques. C1 [Lindsey, Rebecca L.; Strockbine, Nancy A.; Carleton, Heather A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pouseele, Hannes] Appl Maths NV, Sint Martens Latem, Belgium. [Chen, Jessica C.] IHRC Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Carleton, HA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. EM hcarleton@cdc.gov FU Advanced Molecular Detection (AMD) initiative at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was made possible through support from the Advanced Molecular Detection (AMD) initiative at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 8 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PD MAY 23 PY 2016 VL 7 AR 766 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00766 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DM3WS UT WOS:000376278000001 PM 27242777 ER PT J AU Nyawanda, BO Mott, JA Njuguna, HN Mayieka, L Khagayi, S Onkoba, R Makokha, C Otieno, NA Bigogo, GM Katz, MA Feikin, DR Verani, JR AF Nyawanda, Bryan O. Mott, Joshua A. Njuguna, Henry N. Mayieka, Lilian Khagayi, Sammy Onkoba, Reuben Makokha, Caroline Otieno, Nancy A. Bigogo, Godfrey M. Katz, Mark A. Feikin, Daniel R. Verani, Jennifer R. TI Evaluation of case definitions to detect respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalized children below 5 years in Rural Western Kenya, 2009-2013 SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Respiratory syncytial virus; Case definitions; Sensitivity and specificity ID KILIFI DISTRICT; YOUNG-CHILDREN; BIRTH COHORT; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFANTS; DISEASE; BURDEN; HEALTH AB Background: In order to better understand respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) epidemiology and burden in tropical Africa, optimal case definitions for detection of RSV cases need to be identified. Methods: We used data collected between September 2009 - August 2013 from children aged <5 years hospitalized with acute respiratory Illness at Siaya County Referral Hospital. We evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of individual signs, symptoms and standard respiratory disease case definitions (severe acute respiratory illness [SARI]; hospitalized influenza-like illness [hILI]; integrated management of childhood illness [IMCI] pneumonia) to detect laboratory-confirmed RSV infection. We also evaluated an alternative case definition of cough or difficulty breathing plus hypoxia, in-drawing, or wheeze. Results: Among 4714 children hospitalized with ARI, 3810 (81 %) were tested for RSV; and 470 (12 %) were positive. Among individual signs and symptoms, cough alone had the highest sensitivity to detect laboratory-confirmed RSV [96 %, 95 % CI (95-98)]. Hypoxia, wheezing, stridor, nasal flaring and chest wall in-drawing had sensitivities ranging from 8 to 31 %, but had specificities >75 %. Of the standard respiratory case definitions, SARI had the highest sensitivity [83 %, 95 % CI (79-86)] whereas IMCI severe pneumonia had the highest specificity [91 %, 95 % CI (90-92)]. The alternative case definition (cough or difficulty breathing plus hypoxia, in-drawing, or wheeze) had a sensitivity of [55 %, 95 % CI (50-59)] and a specificity of [60 %, 95 % CI (59-62)]. The PPV for all case definitions and individual signs/symptoms ranged from 11 to 20 % while the negative predictive values were >87 %. When we stratified by age <1 year and 1-<5 years, difficulty breathing, severe pneumonia and the alternative case definition were more sensitive in children aged <1 year [70 % vs. 54 %, p <0.01], [19 % vs. 11 %, p = 0.01] and [66 % vs. 43 %, p <0.01] respectively, while non-severe pneumonia was more sensitive [14 % vs. 26 %, p<0.01] among children aged 1-<5 years. Conclusion: The sensitivity and specificity of different commonly used case definitions for detecting laboratory-confirmed RSV cases varied widely, while the positive predictive value was consistently low. Optimal choice of case definition will depend upon study context and research objectives. C1 [Nyawanda, Bryan O.; Mayieka, Lilian; Khagayi, Sammy; Onkoba, Reuben; Makokha, Caroline; Otieno, Nancy A.; Bigogo, Godfrey M.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Mott, Joshua A.; Njuguna, Henry N.; Verani, Jennifer R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mott, Joshua A.; Katz, Mark A.; Feikin, Daniel R.; Verani, Jennifer R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Nyawanda, BO (reprint author), Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. EM oteebryan@gmail.com FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by funding from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD MAY 21 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 218 DI 10.1186/s12879-016-1532-0 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DM9YJ UT WOS:000376721300001 PM 27207342 ER PT J AU Ndihokubwayo, JB Maruta, T Ndlovu, N Moyo, S Yahaya, AA Coulibaly, SO Kasolo, F Turgeon, D Abrol, AP AF Ndihokubwayo, Jean-Bosco Maruta, Talkmore Ndlovu, Nqobile Moyo, Sikhulile Yahaya, Ali Ahmed Coulibaly, Sheick Oumar Kasolo, Francis Turgeon, David Abrol, Angelii P. TI Implementation of the World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa Stepwise Laboratory Quality Improvement Process Towards Accreditation SO AFRICAN JOURNAL OF LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA AB Background: The increase in disease burden has continued to weigh upon health systems in Africa. The role of the laboratory has become increasingly critical in the improvement of health for diagnosis, management and treatment of diseases. In response, the World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (WHO AFRO) and its partners created the WHO AFRO Stepwise Laboratory (Quality) Improvement Process Towards Accreditation (SLIPTA) program. SLIPTA implementation process: WHO AFRO defined a governance structure with roles and responsibilities for six main stakeholders. Laboratories were evaluated by auditors trained and certified by the African Society for Laboratory Medicine. Laboratory performance was measured using the WHO AFRO SLIPTA scoring checklist and recognition certificates rated with 1-5 stars were issued. Preliminary results: By March 2015, 27 of the 47 (57%) WHO AFRO member states had appointed a SLIPTA focal point and 14 Ministers of Health had endorsed SLIPTA as the desired programme for continuous quality improvement. Ninety-eight auditors from 17 African countries, competent in the Portuguese (3), French (12) and English (83) languages, were trained and certified. The mean score for the 159 laboratories audited between May 2013 and March 2015 was 69% (median 70%; SD 11.5; interquartile range 62-77). Of these audited laboratories, 70% achieved 55% compliance or higher (2 or more stars) and 1% scored at least 95% (5 stars). The lowest scoring sections of the WHO AFRO SLIPTA checklist were sections 6 (Internal Audit) and 10 (Corrective Action), which both had mean scores below 50%. Conclusion: The WHO AFRO SLIPTA is a process that countries with limited resources can adopt for effective implementation of quality management systems. Political commitment, ownership and investment in continuous quality improvement are integral components of the process. C1 [Ndihokubwayo, Jean-Bosco; Yahaya, Ali Ahmed; Coulibaly, Sheick Oumar; Kasolo, Francis] WHO, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Congo. [Maruta, Talkmore; Ndlovu, Nqobile] African Soc Lab Med, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Moyo, Sikhulile] Botswana Harvard AIDS Inst Partnerships, Gaborone, Botswana. [Turgeon, David; Abrol, Angelii P.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV & TB, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ndihokubwayo, JB (reprint author), WHO, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Congo. EM ndihokubwayoj@who.int NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOSIS PI CAPE TOWN PA POSTNET SUITE 55, PRIVATE BAG X22, TYGERVALLEY, CAPE TOWN, 00000, SOUTH AFRICA SN 2225-2002 EI 2225-2010 J9 AFR J LAB MED JI Afr. J. Lab. Med. PD MAY 20 PY 2016 VL 5 IS 1 AR a280 DI 10.4102/ajlm.v5i1.280 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA DX2ZU UT WOS:000384243200001 ER PT J AU Hlavsa, MC Gerth, TR Collier, SA Dunbar, EL Rao, G Epperson, G Bramlett, B Ludwig, DF Gomez, D Stansbury, MM Miller, F Warren, J Nichol, J Bowman, H Huynh, BA Loewe, KM Vincent, B Tarrier, AL Shay, T Wright, R Brown, AC Kunz, JM Fullerton, KE Cope, JR Beach, MJ AF Hlavsa, Michele C. Gerth, Taryn R. Collier, Sarah A. Dunbar, Elizabeth L. Rao, Gouthami Epperson, Gregory Bramlett, Becky Ludwig, David F. Gomez, Diana Stansbury, Monty M. Miller, Freeman Warren, Jeffrey Nichol, Jim Bowman, Harry Huynh, Bao-An Loewe, Kara M. Vincent, Bob Tarrier, Amanda L. Shay, Timothy Wright, Robert Brown, Allison C. Kunz, Jasen M. Fullerton, Kathleen E. Cope, James R. Beach, Michael J. TI Immediate Closures and Violations Identified During Routine Inspections of Public Aquatic Facilities - Network for Aquatic Facility Inspection Surveillance, Five States, 2013 SO MMWR SURVEILLANCE SUMMARIES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; RECREATIONAL WATER; HEALTH EVENTS; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM; CYANURIC ACID; RESIDENTIAL SETTINGS; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; SWIMMING POOLS; ILLNESS; RISK AB Problem/Condition: Aquatic facility-associated illness and injury in the United States include disease outbreaks of infectious or chemical etiology, drowning, and pool chemical-associated health events (e. g., respiratory distress or burns). These conditions affect persons of all ages, particularly young children, and can lead to disability or even death. A total of 650 aquatic facility-associated outbreaks have been reported to CDC for 1978-2012. During 1999-2010, drownings resulted in approximately 4,000 deaths each year in the United States. Drowning is the leading cause of injury deaths in children aged 1-4 years, and approximately half of fatal drownings in this age group occur in swimming pools. During 2003-2012, pool chemical-associated health events resulted in an estimated 3,000-5,000 visits to U.S. emergency departments each year, and approximately half of the patients were aged <18 years. In August 2014, CDC released the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC), national guidance that can be adopted voluntarily by state and local jurisdictions to minimize the risk for illness and injury at public aquatic facilities. Reporting Period Covered: 2013. Description of System: The Network for Aquatic Facility Inspection Surveillance (NAFIS) was established by CDC in 2013. NAFIS receives aquatic facility inspection data collected by environmental health practitioners when assessing the operation and maintenance of public aquatic facilities. This report presents inspection data that were reported by 16 public health agencies in five states (Arizona, California, Florida, New York, and Texas) and focuses on 15 MAHC elements deemed critical to minimizing the risk for illness and injury associated with aquatic facilities (e. g., disinfection to prevent transmission of infectious pathogens, safety equipment to rescue distressed bathers, and pool chemical safety). Although these data (the first and most recent that are available) are not nationally representative, 15.7% of the estimated 309,000 U.S. public aquatic venues are located in the 16 reporting jurisdictions. Results: During 2013, environmental health practitioners in the 16 reporting NAFIS jurisdictions conducted 84,187 routine inspections of 48,632 public aquatic venues. Of the 84,187 of routine inspection records for individual aquatic venues, 78.5% (66,098) included data on immediate closure; 12.3% (8,118) of routine inspections resulted in immediate closure because of at least one identified violation that represented a serious threat to public health. Disinfectant concentration violations were identified during 11.9% (7,662/64,580) of routine inspections, representing risk for aquatic facility-associated outbreaks of infectious etiology. Safety equipment violations were identified during 12.7% (7,845/61,648) of routine inspections, representing risk for drowning. Pool chemical safety violations were identified during 4.6% (471/10,264) of routine inspections, representing risk for pool chemical-associated health events. Interpretation: Routine inspections frequently resulted in immediate closure and identified violations of inspection items corresponding to 15 MAHC elements critical to protecting public health, highlighting the need to improve operation and maintenance of U.S. public aquatic facilities. These findings also underscore the public health function that code enforcement, conducted by environmental health practitioners, has in preventing illness and injury at public aquatic facilities. Public Health Action: Findings from the routine analyses of aquatic facility inspection data can inform program planning, implementation, and evaluation. At the state and local level, these inspection data can be used to identify aquatic facilities and venues in need of more frequent inspections and to select topics to cover in training for aquatic facility operators. At the national level, these data can be used to evaluate whether the adoption of MAHC elements minimizes the risk for aquatic facility-associated illness and injury. These findings also can be used to prioritize revisions or updates to the MAHC. To optimize the collection and analysis of aquatic facility inspection data and thus application of findings, environmental health practitioners and epidemiologists need to collaborate extensively to identify public aquatic facility code elements deemed critical to protecting public health and determine the best way to assess and document compliance during inspections. C1 [Hlavsa, Michele C.; Gerth, Taryn R.; Collier, Sarah A.; Dunbar, Elizabeth L.; Rao, Gouthami; Brown, Allison C.; Fullerton, Kathleen E.; Beach, Michael J.] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dunbar, Elizabeth L.] CDC, Assoc Sch Publ Hlth Fellow, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Epperson, Gregory] Maricopa Cty Environm Serv Dept, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Bramlett, Becky] Mohave Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Ludwig, David F.] Pima Cty Hlth Dept, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Gomez, Diana; Stansbury, Monty M.; Miller, Freeman] Yuma Cty Environm Hlth Serv Div, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Warren, Jeffrey] Orange Cty Environm Hlth Div, Santa Ana, CA USA. [Nichol, Jim; Bowman, Harry] San Bernardino Cty Div Environm Hlth Serv, San Bernardino, CA USA. [Huynh, Bao-An] San Diego Cty Dept Environm Hlth, San Diego, CA USA. [Loewe, Kara M.; Vincent, Bob] Florida Dept Hlth, Orlando, FL USA. [Tarrier, Amanda L.; Shay, Timothy] New York State Dept Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Wright, Robert] Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Environm Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Kunz, Jasen M.] CDC, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cope, James R.] CDC, Div Global Hlth Protect, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hlavsa, MC (reprint author), CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM acz3@cdc.gov NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-8636 J9 MMWR SURVEILL SUMM JI MMWR Surv. Summ. PD MAY 20 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 5 PG 22 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM8OI UT WOS:000376623400001 ER PT J AU Barbour, KE Helmick, CG Boring, M Zhang, XY Lu, H Holt, JB AF Barbour, Kamil E. Helmick, Charles G. Boring, Michael Zhang, Xingyou Lu, Hua Holt, James B. TI Arthritis Awareness Month - May 2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; SMALL-AREA ESTIMATION; UNITED-STATES; POTENTIAL BARRIER; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; MULTILEVEL REGRESSION; ADULTS; PREVALENCE; POSTSTRATIFICATION; VALIDATION C1 [Barbour, Kamil E.; Helmick, Charles G.; Boring, Michael; Zhang, Xingyou; Lu, Hua; Holt, James B.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Barbour, KE (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kbarbour@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAY 20 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 19 BP 489 EP 494 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM4CC UT WOS:000376292200001 PM 27196398 ER PT J AU Jones, JM Lopez, B Adams, L Gavez, FJN Nunez, AS Santillan, NAH Plante, L Hemme, RR Casal, M Hunsperger, EA Munoz-Jordan, J Acevedo, V Ernst, K Hayden, M Waterman, S Gomez, D Sharp, TM Komatsu, KK AF Jones, Jefferson M. Lopez, Benito Adams, Laura Navarro Gavez, Francisco Javier Sanchez Nunez, Alfredo Hernandez Santillan, Nubia Astrid Plante, Lydia Hemme, Ryan R. Casal, Mariana Hunsperger, Elizabeth A. Munoz-Jordan, Jorge Acevedo, Veronica Ernst, Kacey Hayden, Mary Waterman, Steve Gomez, Diana Sharp, Tyler M. Komatsu, Kenneth K. CA Dengue Invest Team TI Binational Dengue Outbreak Along the United States-Mexico Border - Yuma County, Arizona, and Sonora, Mexico, 2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID FEVER C1 [Jones, Jefferson M.; Adams, Laura; Plante, Lydia; Casal, Mariana; Komatsu, Kenneth K.] CDC, Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jones, Jefferson M.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lopez, Benito; Gomez, Diana] Yuma Cty Publ Hlth Serv Dist, Yuma, AZ USA. [Adams, Laura] CDC, Div State & Local Readiness, Field Serv Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Navarro Gavez, Francisco Javier; Hernandez Santillan, Nubia Astrid] Sonora Dept Hlth, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. [Sanchez Nunez, Alfredo] San Luis Rio Colorado Hosp, San Luis Rio Colorado, Sonora, Mexico. [Hemme, Ryan R.; Hunsperger, Elizabeth A.; Munoz-Jordan, Jorge; Acevedo, Veronica; Sharp, Tyler M.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, San Juan, PR USA. [Ernst, Kacey] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hayden, Mary] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Waterman, Steve] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, San Diego, CA USA. RP Jones, JM (reprint author), CDC, Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Jones, JM (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jjones10@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAY 20 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 19 BP 495 EP 499 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM4CC UT WOS:000376292200002 PM 27196619 ER PT J AU Hedegaard, H Curtin, SC Warner, M AF Hedegaard, Holly Curtin, Sally C. Warner, Margaret TI Age-Adjusted Suicide Rates for Females and Males, by Method - National Vital Statistics System, United States, 2000 and 2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Hedegaard, Holly; Curtin, Sally C.; Warner, Margaret] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hedegaard, H (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hdh6@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAY 20 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 19 BP 503 EP 504 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM4CC UT WOS:000376292200004 ER PT J AU Kim, AA Parekh, BS Umuro, M Galgalo, T Bunnell, R Makokha, E Dobbs, T Murithi, P Muraguri, N De Cock, KM Mermin, J AF Kim, Andrea A. Parekh, Bharat S. Umuro, Mamo Galgalo, Tura Bunnell, Rebecca Makokha, Ernest Dobbs, Trudy Murithi, Patrick Muraguri, Nicholas De Cock, Kevin M. Mermin, Jonathan CA 2007 KAIS Study Grp TI Identifying Risk Factors for Recent HIV Infection in Kenya Using a Recent Infection Testing Algorithm: Results from a Nationally Representative Population-Based Survey SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; MALE CIRCUMCISION; PREGNANT-WOMEN; TRANSMISSION; PREVENTION; MEN; SEROCONVERSION; SUBTYPES; AVIDITY; NAIROBI AB Introduction A recent infection testing algorithm (RITA) that can distinguish recent from long-standing HIV infection can be applied to nationally representative population-based surveys to characterize and identify risk factors for recent infection in a country. Materials and Methods We applied a RITA using the Limiting Antigen Avidity Enzyme Immunoassay (LAg) on stored HIV-positive samples from the 2007 Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey. The case definition for recent infection included testing recent on LAg and having no evidence of antiretroviral therapy use. Multivariate analysis was conducted to determine factors associated with recent and long-standing infection compared to HIV-uninfected persons. All estimates were weighted to adjust for sampling probability and nonresponse. Results Of 1,025 HIV-antibody-positive specimens, 64 (6.2%) met the case definition for recent infection and 961 (93.8%) met the case definition for long-standing infection. Compared to HIV-uninfected individuals, factors associated with higher adjusted odds of recent infection were living in Nairobi (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 11.37; confidence interval [CI] 2.64-48.87) and Nyanza (AOR 4.55; CI 1.39-14.89) provinces compared to Western province; being widowed (AOR 8.04; CI 1.42-45.50) or currently married (AOR 6.42; CI 1.55-26.58) compared to being never married; having had - 2 sexual partners in the last year (AOR 2.86; CI 1.51-5.41); not using a condom at last sex in the past year (AOR 1.61; CI 1.34-1.93); reporting a sexually transmitted infection (STI) diagnosis or symptoms of STI in the past year (AOR 1.97; CI 1.05-8.37); and being aged < 30 years with: 1) HSV-2 infection (AOR 8.84; CI 2.62-29.85), 2) male genital ulcer disease (AOR 8.70; CI 2.36-32.08), or 3) lack of male circumcision (AOR 17.83; CI 2.19-144.90). Compared to HIV-uninfected persons, factors associated with higher adjusted odds of long-standing infection included living in Coast (AOR 1.55; CI 1.04-2.32) and Nyanza (AOR 2.33; CI 1.67-3.25) provinces compared to Western province; being separated/divorced (AOR 1.87; CI 1.16-3.01) or widowed (AOR 2.83; CI 1.78-4.45) compared to being never married; having ever used a condom (AOR 1.61; CI 1.34-1.93); and having a STI diagnosis or symptoms of STI in the past year (AOR 1.89; CI 1.20-2.97). Factors associated with lower adjusted odds of long-standing infection included using a condom at last sex in the past year (AOR 0.47; CI 0.36-0.61), having no HSV2-infection at aged < 30 years (AOR 0.38; CI 0.20-0.75) or being an uncircumcised male aged < 30 years (AOR 0.30; CI 0.15-0.61). Conclusion We identified factors associated with increased risk of recent and longstanding HIV infection using a RITA applied to blood specimens collected in a nationally representative survey. Though some false-recent cases may have been present in our sample, the correlates of recent infection identified were epidemiologically and biologically plausible. These methods can be used as a model for other countries with similar epidemics to inform targeted combination prevention strategies aimed to drastically decrease new infections in the population. C1 [Kim, Andrea A.; Bunnell, Rebecca; Makokha, Ernest] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, CGH, Div Global HIV & TB DGHT, Nairobi, Kenya. [Parekh, Bharat S.; Dobbs, Trudy] US CDC, CGH, DGHT, Atlanta, GA USA. [Umuro, Mamo; Galgalo, Tura] Kenya Minist Hlth, Natl Publ Hlth Lab Serv, Nairobi, Kenya. [Murithi, Patrick] Natl AIDS Control Council, Kenya Minist Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. [Muraguri, Nicholas] Kenya Minist Hlth, Natl AIDS & STI Control Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. [De Cock, Kevin M.; Mermin, Jonathan] US CDC, CGH, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Kim, AA (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, CGH, Div Global HIV & TB DGHT, Nairobi, Kenya. EM aakim@cdc.gov FU US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief FX This study was funded through the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief. The funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, decision to publish, or manuscript preparation. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 19 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 5 AR e0155498 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0155498 PG 21 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DM4BR UT WOS:000376291100050 PM 27195800 ER PT J AU Nsoesie, EO Kraemer, MU Golding, N Pigott, DM Brady, OJ Moyes, CL Johansson, MA Gething, PW Velayudhan, R Khan, K Hay, SI Brownstein, JS AF Nsoesie, E. O. Kraemer, M. U. Golding, N. Pigott, D. M. Brady, O. J. Moyes, C. L. Johansson, M. A. Gething, P. W. Velayudhan, R. Khan, K. Hay, S. I. Brownstein, J. S. TI Global distribution and environmental suitability for chikungunya virus, 1952 to 2015 SO EUROSURVEILLANCE LA English DT Article ID AEDES-AEGYPTI; DENGUE VIRUS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; OUTBREAK; TRANSMISSION; EMERGENCE; SPREAD; CHINA; PERSISTENCE; PROVINCE AB Chikungunya fever is an acute febrile illness caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV), which is transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitoes. Although chikungunya fever is rarely fatal, patients can experience debilitating symptoms that last from months to years. Here we comprehensively assess the global distribution of chikungunya and produce high-resolution maps, using an established modelling framework that combines a comprehensive occurrence database with bespoke environmental correlates, including up-to-date Aedes distribution maps. This enables estimation of the current total population-at-risk of CHIKV transmission and identification of areas where the virus may spread to in the future. We identified 94 countries with good evidence for current CHIKV presence and a set of countries in the New and Old World with potential for future CHIKV establishment, demonstrated by high environmental suitability for transmission and in some cases previous sporadic reports. Aedes aegypti presence was identified as one of the major contributing factors to CHIKV transmission but significant geographical heterogeneity exists. We estimated 1.3 billion people are living in areas at-risk of CHIKV transmission. These maps provide a baseline for identifying areas where prevention and control efforts should be prioritised and can be used to guide estimation of the global burden of CHIKV. C1 [Nsoesie, E. O.; Brownstein, J. S.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Childrens Hosp Informat Program, Boston, MA USA. [Nsoesie, E. O.; Brownstein, J. S.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Nsoesie, E. O.; Pigott, D. M.; Hay, S. I.] Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kraemer, M. U.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Spatial Ecol & Epidemiol Grp, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Golding, N.; Pigott, D. M.; Brady, O. J.; Moyes, C. L.; Hay, S. I.] Univ Oxford, Li Ka Shing Ctr Hlth Informat & Discovery, Oxford Big Data Inst, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Golding, N.] Univ Melbourne, Dept BioSci, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Johansson, M. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, San Juan, PR USA. [Johansson, M. A.] Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Communicable Dis Dynam, Boston, MA USA. [Gething, P. W.] Univ Oxford, Li Ka Shing Ctr Hlth Informat & Discovery, Malaria Atlas Project, Oxford Big Data Inst, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Velayudhan, R.] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Khan, K.] St Michaels Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Inst, 30 Bond St, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada. [Brownstein, J. S.] McGill Univ, Dept Epidemiol Biostat & Occupat Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Nsoesie, EO (reprint author), Boston Childrens Hosp, Childrens Hosp Informat Program, Boston, MA USA.; Nsoesie, EO (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA.; Nsoesie, EO (reprint author), Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.; Kraemer, MU (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Spatial Ecol & Epidemiol Grp, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. EM en22@uw.edu; moritz.kraemer@zoo.ox.ac.uk RI Hay, Simon/F-8967-2015; OI Hay, Simon/0000-0002-0611-7272; Golding, Nick/0000-0001-8916-5570; Gething, Peter/0000-0001-6759-5449; Moyes, Catherine/0000-0002-8028-4079 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the National Institutes of Health [K01ES025438]; International research Consortium on Dengue Risk Assessment Management and Surveillance (IDAMS; European Commission 7th Framework Programme) [21893]; University of Melbourne; Department of Zoology at the University of Oxford; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1053338, OPP1093011, OPP1068048, OPP1106023, OPP1119467, OPP1132415]; Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study program [1U54GM088558]; UK Medical Research Council (MRC) [K00669X]; UK Department for International Development (DfID) under the MRC/DfID Concordat agreement [K00669X]; Canadian Institutes for Health Research; Research for Health in Humanitarian Crises (R2HC) Programme [13468]; Wellcome Trust [095066]; DFID; NIH National Library of Medicine [R01LM010812-05]; Enhancing Learning and Research for Humanitarian Assistance (ELRHA) over-seeing the programme's execution and management FX EON is supported by funding from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (#K01ES025438). MUGK receives funding from the International research Consortium on Dengue Risk Assessment Management and Surveillance (IDAMS; European Commission 7th Framework Programme (21893)). NG is supported by a University of Melbourne McKenzie fellowship. DMP is funded by a Sir Richard Southwood Graduate Scholarship from the Department of Zoology at the University of Oxford. OJB is funded by a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (#OPP1053338). CLM is funded by a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (#OPP1093011). MAJ is supported by the Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study program (cooperative agreement #1U54GM088558). PWG is a Career Development Fellow (#K00669X) jointly funded by the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) and the UK Department for International Development (DfID) under the MRC/DfID Concordat agreement and receives support from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (#OPP1068048, #OPP1106023). KK is funded by the Canadian Institutes for Health Research. SIH received a grant from the Research for Health in Humanitarian Crises (R2HC) Programme, managed by ELRHA (#13468) which also supported NG & MUGK. The Research for Health in Humanitarian Crises (R2HC) programme aims to improve health outcomes by strengthening the evidence base for public health interventions in humanitarian crises. Visit www.elrha.org/work/r2hc for more information. The 8 pound million R2HC programme is funded equally by the Wellcome Trust and DFID, with Enhancing Learning and Research for Humanitarian Assistance (ELRHA) over-seeing the programme's execution and management. SIH is funded by a Senior Research Fellowship from the Wellcome Trust (#095066), and grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1119467, OPP1093011, OPP1106023 and OPP1132415). JSB acknowledges funding from NIH National Library of Medicine (#R01LM010812-05) and from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (#OPP1093011). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU EUR CENTRE DIS PREVENTION & CONTROL PI STOCKHOLM PA TOMTEBODAVAGEN 11A, STOCKHOLM, 171 83, SWEDEN SN 1560-7917 J9 EUROSURVEILLANCE JI Eurosurveillance PD MAY 19 PY 2016 VL 21 IS 20 BP 7 EP 18 AR 30234 DI 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.20.30234 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DM5LP UT WOS:000376390800002 ER PT J AU Rasmussen, SA Jamieson, DJ Honein, MA Petersen, LR AF Rasmussen, Sonja A. Jamieson, Denise J. Honein, Margaret A. Petersen, Lyle R. TI Zika Virus and Birth Defects - Reviewing the Evidence for Causality SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID HUMAN TERATOGENICITY; INFECTION; BRAZIL; BRAIN; 21ST-CENTURY; ASSOCIATION; SEQUENCE; OUTBREAK; UPDATE; STATES C1 [Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Div Publ Hlth Informat Disseminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Honein, Margaret A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Petersen, Lyle R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Rasmussen, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-33, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM skr9@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 237 Z9 243 U1 40 U2 75 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAY 19 PY 2016 VL 374 IS 20 BP 1981 EP 1987 DI 10.1056/NEJMsr1604338 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DM1OX UT WOS:000376116600014 PM 27074377 ER PT J AU Waiboci, LW Mott, JA Kikwai, G Arunga, G Xu, XY Mayieka, L Emukule, GO Muthoka, P Njenga, MK Fields, BS Katz, MA AF Waiboci, Lilian W. Mott, Joshua A. Kikwai, Gilbert Arunga, Geoffrey Xu, Xiyan Mayieka, Lilian Emukule, Gideon O. Muthoka, Phillip Njenga, M. Kariuki Fields, Barry S. Katz, Mark A. TI Which influenza vaccine formulation should be used in Kenya? A comparison of influenza isolates from Kenya to vaccine strains, 2007-2013 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza vaccines; Influenza seasonality; Influenza strains; Timing influenza vaccination ID SEASONAL INFLUENZA; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE; BURDEN; RECOMMENDATIONS; METAANALYSIS; TROPICS; AFRICA; VIRUS AB Introduction: Every year the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends which influenza virus strains should be included in a northern hemisphere (NH) and a southern hemisphere (SH) influenza vaccine. To determine the best vaccine formulation for Kenya, we compared influenza viruses collected in Kenya from April 2007 to May 2013 to WHO vaccine strains. Methods: We collected nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal (NP/OP) specimens from patients with respiratory illness, tested them for influenza, isolated influenza viruses from a proportion of positive specimens, tested the isolates for antigenic relatedness to vaccine strains, and determined the percentage match between circulating viruses and SH or NH influenza vaccine composition and schedule. Results: During the six years, 7.336 of the 60,072 (12.2%) NP/OP specimens we collected were positive for influenza: 30,167 specimens were collected during the SH seasons and 3717 (12.3%) were positive for influenza; 2903 (78.1%) influenza A, 902 (24.2%) influenza B, and 88 (2.4%) influenza A and B positive specimens. We collected 30,131 specimens during the NH seasons and 3978 (13.2%) were positive for influenza; 3181 (80.0%) influenza A, 851 (21.4%) influenza B, and 54 (1.4%) influenza A and B positive specimens. Overall, 362/460 (78.7%) isolates from the SH seasons and 316/338 (93.5%) isolates from the NH seasons were matched to the SH and the NH vaccine strains, respectively (p < 0.001). Overall, 53.6% and 46.4% SH and NH vaccines, respectively, matched circulating strains in terms of vaccine strains and timing. Conclusion: In six years of surveillance in Kenya, influenza circulated at nearly equal levels during the SH and the NH influenza seasons. Circulating viruses Were matched to vaccine strains. The vaccine match decreased when both vaccine strains and timing were taken into consideration. Either vaccine formulation could be suitable for use in Kenya but the optimal timing for influenza vaccination needs to be determined. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Waiboci, Lilian W.; Mott, Joshua A.; Emukule, Gideon O.; Njenga, M. Kariuki; Fields, Barry S.; Katz, Mark A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, POB 606-00621, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mott, Joshua A.; Xu, Xiyan; Fields, Barry S.; Katz, Mark A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kikwai, Gilbert; Arunga, Geoffrey; Mayieka, Lilian; Njenga, M. Kariuki] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Med Res Inst, POB 54840-00200, Nairobi, Kenya. [Muthoka, Phillip] Kenya Minist Hlth, Afya House,POB 30016-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. [Waiboci, Lilian W.] Univ Nairobi, Dept Biochem, POB 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Waiboci, LW (reprint author), Univ Nairobi, Dept Biochem, POB 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. EM waiboci@uonbi.ac.ke FU United States Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) FX Funding: This work was funded by the United States Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC). The Influenza Division of CDC was involved in the design of the study and review of the manuscript. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 17 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 23 BP 2593 EP 2601 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.095 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DM9SC UT WOS:000376705000010 PM 27079931 ER PT J AU Fleming-Dutra, KE Friedman, CR Hicks, LA AF Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E. Friedman, Cindy R. Hicks, Lauri A. TI Early Azithromycin Treatment to Prevent Severe Lower Respiratory Tract Illnesses in Children SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter ID PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN C1 [Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.; Friedman, Cindy R.; Hicks, Lauri A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Fleming-Dutra, KE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Antibiot Stewardship, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ftu2@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 17 PY 2016 VL 315 IS 19 BP 2121 EP 2122 DI 10.1001/jama.2016.0918 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DL9PN UT WOS:000375975300026 PM 27187308 ER PT J AU Sambol, NC Tappero, JW Arinaitwe, E Parikh, S AF Sambol, Nancy C. Tappero, Jordan W. Arinaitwe, Emmanuel Parikh, Sunil TI Rethinking Dosing Regimen Selection of Piperaquine for Malaria Chemoprevention: A Simulation Study SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; DIHYDROARTEMISININ-PIPERAQUINE; POPULATION PHARMACOKINETICS; ARTEMISININ RESISTANCE; UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA; UGANDAN CHILDREN; SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; THERAPEUTIC RESPONSE; CLINICAL-TRIAL AB Background The combination of short-acting dihydroartemisinin and long-acting piperaquine (DP) is among the first-line therapies for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Population pharmacokinetic models of piperaquine (PQ) based on data from acute treatment of young children can be used to predict exposure profiles of piperaquine under different DP chemoprevention regimens. The purpose of our study was to make such predictions in young children. Methods Based on a prior population pharmacokinetic model of PQ in young Ugandan children, we simulated capillary plasma concentration-time profiles (including their vloading dose improves early exposure, thereby reducing the risk of breakthrough infections at the initiation of chemoprevention. Conclusions Once weekly chemoprevention of DP predicts favourable exposures with respect to both trough and peak concentrations. These predictions need to be verified, as well as safety evaluated, in field-based clinical studies of young children. Simulations based on prior knowledge provide a systematic information-driven approach to evaluate candidate DP chemopreventive regimens for future trial designs.ariability) of candidate chemoprevention regimens for a reference population of 1-2 year olds weighing at least 11 kg. Candidate regimens that were tested included monthly administration of standard therapeutic doses, bimonthly dosing, and weekly dosing (with and without a loading dose). Results Once daily doses of 320 mg for three days (960 mg total) at the beginning of each month are predicted to achieve an average steady-state trough capillary piperaquine concentration of 35 ng/mL, with 60% achieving a level of 30 ng/mL or higher. In contrast, weekly dosing of 320 mg (i.e., 33% higher amount per month) is predicted to approximately double the average steady-state trough concentration, increase the percent of children predicted to achieve 30 ng/mL or higher (94%), while at the same time lowering peak concentrations. Exposure at steady-state, reached at approximately 3 months of multiple dosing, is expected to be approximately 2-fold higher than exposure following initial dosing, due to accumulation. A loading dose improves early exposure, thereby reducing the risk of breakthrough infections at the initiation of chemoprevention. Conclusions Once weekly chemoprevention of DP predicts favourable exposures with respect to both trough and peak concentrations. These predictions need to be verified, as well as safety evaluated, in field- based clinical studies of young children. Simulations based on prior knowledge provide a systematic information- driven approach to evaluate candidate DP chemopreventive regimens for future trial designs. C1 [Sambol, Nancy C.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Bioengn & Therapeut Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Arinaitwe, Emmanuel] Makerere Univ, Sch Med, Kampala, Uganda. [Parikh, Sunil] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT USA. RP Parikh, S (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT USA. EM sunil.parikh@yale.edu FU National Institutes of Health [5R01HD068174]; President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Department of Health and Human Services/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U62P024421] FX This work was supported by funding by the National Institutes of Health (Parikh and Aweeka [grant number #5R01HD068174]). This research has also been supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Department of Health and Human Services/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under the terms of U62P024421. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 16 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 5 AR e0154623 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0154623 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DM3XH UT WOS:000376279500005 PM 27182702 ER PT J AU Iavicoli, I Leso, V Schulte, PA AF Iavicoli, Ivo Leso, Veruscka Schulte, Paul A. TI Biomarkers of susceptibility: State of the art and implications for occupational exposure to engineered nanomaterials SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nanomaterial susceptibility factors; Occupational biomonitoring; Genetic variances; Toxicogenomic information; Epigenetic alterations; Nanomaterial risk assessment ID TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES; WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; CYTOCHROME-P450 ENZYME-ACTIVITY; SUBCHRONIC INHALATION TOXICITY; DOPED SILICA NANOPARTICLES; IRON-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES AB Rapid advances and applications in nanotechnology are expected to result in increasing occupational exposure to nano-sized materials whose health impacts are still not completely understood. Scientific efforts are required to identify hazards from nanomaterials and define risks and precautionary management strategies for exposed workers. In this scenario, the definition of susceptible populations, which may be at increased risk of adverse effects may be important for risk assessment and management. The aim of this review is to critically examine available literature to provide a comprehensive overview on susceptibility aspects potentially affecting heterogeneous responses to nanomaterials workplace exposure. Genetic, genotoxic and epigenetic alterations induced by nanomaterials in experimental studies were assessed with respect to their possible function as determinants of susceptibility. Additionally, the role of host factors, i.e. age, gender, and pathological conditions, potentially affecting nanomaterial toxicokinetic and health impacts, were also analysed. Overall, this review provides useful information to obtain insights into the nanomaterial mode of action in order to identify potentially sensitive, specific susceptibility biomarkers to be validated in occupational settings and addressed in risk assessment processes. The findings of this review are also important to guide future research into a deeper characterization of nanomaterial susceptibility in order to define adequate risk communication strategies. Ultimately, identification and use of susceptibility factors in workplace settings has both scientific and ethical issues that need addressing. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Iavicoli, Ivo] Univ Naples Federico II, Div Occupat Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Via S Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy. [Leso, Veruscka] Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Sect Occupat Med, Inst Publ Hlth, Largo Francesco Vito 1, I-00168 Rome, Italy. [Schulte, Paul A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS C-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Iavicoli, I (reprint author), Univ Naples Federico II, Div Occupat Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Via S Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy. EM ivo.iavicoli@unina.it; veruscka@email.it; pas4@cdc.gov RI Iavicoli, Ivo/K-9062-2016 OI Iavicoli, Ivo/0000-0003-0444-3792 NR 108 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 18 U2 22 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X EI 1096-0333 J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD MAY 15 PY 2016 VL 299 SI SI BP 112 EP 124 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2015.12.018 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA DJ8BA UT WOS:000374435900015 PM 26724381 ER PT J AU Barlam, TF Cosgrove, SE Abbo, LM MacDougall, C Schuetz, AN Septimus, EJ Srinivasan, A Dellit, TH Falck-Ytter, YT Fishman, NO Hamilton, CW Jenkins, TC Lipsett, PA Malani, PN May, LS Moran, GJ Neuhauser, MM Newland, JG Ohl, CA Samore, MH Seo, SK Trivedi, KK AF Barlam, Tamar F. Cosgrove, Sara E. Abbo, Lilian M. MacDougall, Conan Schuetz, Audrey N. Septimus, Edward J. Srinivasan, Arjun Dellit, Timothy H. Falck-Ytter, Yngve T. Fishman, Neil O. Hamilton, Cindy W. Jenkins, Timothy C. Lipsett, Pamela A. Malani, Preeti N. May, Larissa S. Moran, Gregory J. Neuhauser, Melinda M. Newland, Jason G. Ohl, Christopher A. Samore, Matthew H. Seo, Susan K. Trivedi, Kavita K. TI Implementing an Antibiotic Stewardship Program: Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material DE antibiotic stewardship; antibiotic stewardship programs; antibiotics; implementation ID GRADE; RECOMMENDATIONS AB Evidence-based guidelines for implementation and measurement of antibiotic stewardship interventions in inpatient populations including long-term care were prepared by a multidisciplinary expert panel of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. The panel included clinicians and investigators representing internal medicine, emergency medicine, microbiology, critical care, surgery, epidemiology, pharmacy, and adult and pediatric infectious diseases specialties. These recommendations address the best approaches for antibiotic stewardship programs to influence the optimal use of antibiotics. C1 [Barlam, Tamar F.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Cosgrove, Sara E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Abbo, Lilian M.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [MacDougall, Conan] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Pharm, Dept Clin Pharm, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Schuetz, Audrey N.] New York Presbyterian Hosp, Weill Cornell Med Ctr, Dept Med, New York, NY USA. [Septimus, Edward J.] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Houston, TX USA. [Srinivasan, Arjun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dellit, Timothy H.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Div Allergy & Infect Dis, Seattle, WA USA. [Falck-Ytter, Yngve T.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Med, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Falck-Ytter, Yngve T.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. [Fishman, Neil O.] Univ Penn Hlth Syst, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Hamilton, Cindy W.] Hamilton House, Virginia Beach, VA USA. [Jenkins, Timothy C.] Denver Hlth, Div Infect Dis, Denver, CO USA. [Lipsett, Pamela A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lipsett, Pamela A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Nursing, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Malani, Preeti N.] Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Div Infect Dis, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [May, Larissa S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Emergency Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Moran, Gregory J.] Univ Calif, Los Angeles Med Ctr, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Sylmar, CA USA. [Neuhauser, Melinda M.] Dept Vet Affairs, Hines, IL USA. [Newland, Jason G.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Ohl, Christopher A.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Sect Infect Dis, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Samore, Matthew H.] Dept Vet Affairs, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Samore, Matthew H.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Seo, Susan K.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Infectious Dis, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Trivedi, Kavita K.] Trivedi Consults LLC, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Barlam, TF (reprint author), Boston Med Ctr, One Boston Med Ctr Pl, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM tamar.barlam@bmc.org NR 5 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 10 BP 1197 EP 1202 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw217 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DP3YM UT WOS:000378432100002 PM 27118828 ER PT J AU See, I Freifeld, AG Magill, SS AF See, Isaac Freifeld, Alison G. Magill, Shelley S. TI Causative Organisms and Associated Antimicrobial Resistance in Healthcare-Associated, Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections From Oncology Settings, 2009-2012 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE oncology; bloodstream infection; antimicrobial resistance; antimicrobial prophylaxis ID CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINE; NEUTROPENIC CANCER-PATIENTS; FLUOROQUINOLONE-RESISTANT; ANTIBIOTIC-PROPHYLAXIS; UNITED-STATES; HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; LEVOFLOXACIN AB Background. Recent antimicrobial resistance data are lacking from inpatient oncology settings to guide infection prophylaxis and treatment recommendations. We describe central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) pathogens and antimicrobial resistance patterns reported from oncology locations to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN). Methods. CLABSI data reported to NHSN from 2009 to 2012 from adult inpatient oncology locations were compared to data from nononcology adult locations within the same hospitals. Pathogen profile, antimicrobial resistance rates, and CLABSI incidence rates per 1000 central line-days were calculated. CLABSI incidence rates were compared using Poisson regression. Results. During 2009-2012, 4654 CLABSIs were reported to NHSN from 299 adult oncology units. The most common organisms causing CLABSI in oncology locations were coagulase-negative staphylococci (16.9%), Escherichia coli (11.8%), and Enterococcus faecium (11.4%). Fluoroquinolone resistance was more common among E. coli CLABSI in oncology than nononcology locations (56.5% vs 41.5% of isolates tested; P < .0001) and increased significantly from 2009-2010 to 2011-2012 (49.5% vs 60.4%; P = .01). Furthermore, rates of CLABSI were significantly higher in oncology compared to nononcology locations for fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli (rate ratio, 7.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.20-8.76) and vancomycin-resistant E. faecium (rate ratio, 2.27, 95% CI, 2.03-2.53). However, resistance rates for some organisms, such as Klebsiella species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were lower in oncology than in nononcology locations. Conclusions. Antimicrobial-resistant E. coli and E. faecium have become significant pathogens in oncology. Practices for antimicrobial prophylaxis and empiric antimicrobial therapy should be regularly assessed in conjunction with contemporary antimicrobial resistance data. C1 [See, Isaac; Magill, Shelley S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-16, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Freifeld, Alison G.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, Omaha, NE USA. RP See, I (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-16, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM isee@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 10 BP 1203 EP 1209 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw113 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DP3YM UT WOS:000378432100003 PM 26936664 ER PT J AU Mody, RK Griffin, PM AF Mody, Rajal K. Griffin, Patricia M. TI Increasing Evidence That Certain Antibiotics Should Be Avoided for Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Infections: More Data Needed SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material DE Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli; diarrhea; hemolytic uremic syndrome; antibiotics ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; SUBINHIBITORY CONCENTRATIONS; ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS; FOSFOMYCIN TREATMENT; DIARRHEA; O157-H7; RISK; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVENTION; DIAGNOSIS C1 [Mody, Rajal K.; Griffin, Patricia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mody, RK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM rmody@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 10 BP 1259 EP 1261 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw101 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DP3YM UT WOS:000378432100009 PM 26917810 ER PT J AU Ly, KN Hughes, EM Jiles, RB Holmberg, SD AF Ly, Kathleen N. Hughes, Elizabeth M. Jiles, Ruth B. Holmberg, Scott D. TI Rising Mortality Associated With Hepatitis C Virus in the United States, 2003-2013 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE hepatitis C; mortality trends; death certificates; causes of death AB In the United States, hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated mortality is increasing. From 2003-2013, the number of deaths associated with HCV has now surpassed 60 other nationally notifiable infectious conditions combined. The increasing HCV-associated mortality trend underscores the urgency in finding, evaluating, and treating HCV-infected persons. C1 [Ly, Kathleen N.; Hughes, Elizabeth M.; Jiles, Ruth B.; Holmberg, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Ly, KN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM kathleenly@cdc.gov FU CDC FX This work was supported by the CDC. NR 12 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 10 BP 1287 EP 1288 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw111 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DP3YM UT WOS:000378432100014 PM 26936668 ER PT J AU Barlam, TF Cosgrove, SE Abbo, LM MacDougall, C Schuetz, AN Septimus, EJ Srinivasan, A Dellit, TH Falck-Ytter, YT Fishman, NO Hamilton, CW Jenkins, TC Lipsett, PA Malani, PN May, LS Moran, GJ Neuhauser, MM Newland, JG Ohl, CA Samore, MH Seo, SK Trivedi, KK AF Barlam, Tamar F. Cosgrove, Sara E. Abbo, Lilian M. MacDougall, Conan Schuetz, Audrey N. Septimus, Edward J. Srinivasan, Arjun Dellit, Timothy H. Falck-Ytter, Yngve T. Fishman, Neil O. Hamilton, Cindy W. Jenkins, Timothy C. Lipsett, Pamela A. Malani, Preeti N. May, Larissa S. Moran, Gregory J. Neuhauser, Melinda M. Newland, Jason G. Ohl, Christopher A. Samore, Matthew H. Seo, Susan K. Trivedi, Kavita K. TI Implementing an Antibiotic Stewardship Program: Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE antibiotic stewardship; antibiotic stewardship programs; antibiotics; implementation ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA; DECISION-SUPPORT-SYSTEM; CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE INFECTION; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; INTERRUPTED TIME-SERIES; NURSING-HOME RESIDENTS; LENGTH-OF-STAY; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS AB Evidence-based guidelines for implementation and measurement of antibiotic stewardship interventions in inpatient populations including long-term care were prepared by a multidisciplinary expert panel of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. The panel included clinicians and investigators representing internal medicine, emergency medicine, microbiology, critical care, surgery, epidemiology, pharmacy, and adult and pediatric infectious diseases specialties. These recommendations address the best approaches for antibiotic stewardship programs to influence the optimal use of antibiotics. C1 [Barlam, Tamar F.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Cosgrove, Sara E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Abbo, Lilian M.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [MacDougall, Conan] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Pharm, Dept Clin Pharm, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Schuetz, Audrey N.] New York Presbyterian Hosp New York, Weill Cornell Med Ctr, Dept Med, New York, NY USA. [Septimus, Edward J.] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Houston, TX USA. [Srinivasan, Arjun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dellit, Timothy H.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Div Allergy & Infect Dis, Seattle, WA USA. [Falck-Ytter, Yngve T.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Med, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Falck-Ytter, Yngve T.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. [Fishman, Neil O.] Univ Penn Hlth Syst, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Hamilton, Cindy W.] Hamilton House, Virginia Beach, VA USA. [Jenkins, Timothy C.] Denver Hlth, Div Infect Dis, Denver, CO USA. [Lipsett, Pamela A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lipsett, Pamela A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Nursing, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Malani, Preeti N.] Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Div Infect Dis, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [May, Larissa S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Emergency Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Moran, Gregory J.] Univ Calif, Los Angeles Med Ctr, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Sylmar, CA USA. [Neuhauser, Melinda M.] Dept Vet Affairs, Hines, IL USA. [Newland, Jason G.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Ohl, Christopher A.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Sect Infect Dis, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Samore, Matthew H.] Dept Vet Affairs, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Samore, Matthew H.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Seo, Susan K.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Infectious Dis, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Trivedi, Kavita K.] Trivedi Consults LLC, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Barlam, TF (reprint author), Boston Med Ctr, One Boston Med Ctr Pl, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM tamar.barlam@bmc.org FU Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA); Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America FX Support for these guidelines was provided by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. NR 225 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 6 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 10 BP E51 EP E77 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw118 PG 27 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DP3YM UT WOS:000378432100001 PM 27080992 ER PT J AU Kempker, JA Magee, MJ Cegielski, JP Martin, GS AF Kempker, Jordan A. Magee, Matthew J. Cegielski, J. Peter Martin, Greg S. TI Associations Between Vitamin D Level and Hospitalizations With and Without an Infection in a National Cohort of Medicare Beneficiaries SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hospitalization; 25-hydroxyvitamin D; infection; sepsis; vitamin D ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D LEVEL; CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; D SUPPLEMENTATION; EARLY-CHILDHOOD; D DEFICIENCY; NHANES-III; SEPSIS AB Research has implicated low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level as a risk factor for infection; however, results have not been consistent. To further determine the nature of this relationship, we conducted a cohort study using Medicare beneficiaries participating in the 2001-2002 and 2003-2004 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey with data individually linked to hospital records from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. The primary exposure was a 25(OH)D level of < 15 ng/mL versus a parts per thousand yen15 ng/mL. The outcomes were a hospitalization with or without an infection within 1 year of participation in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, as determined from the final hospital discharge codes (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification). Of 1,713 individuals, 348 had a baseline serum 25(OH)D level of < 15 ng/mL, 77 experienced a hospitalization with an infection, and 287 experienced a hospitalization without an infection. In multivariable analyses, a serum 25(OH)D level of < 15 ng/mL was associated with a higher risk of hospitalization with an infection (risk ratio = 2.8, 95% confidence interval: 1.3, 5.9, P < 0.01) but not of hospitalization without an infection (risk ratio = 1.4, 95% confidence interval: 0.9, 2.1, P = 0.1). In this study, we found an association between a serum 25(OH)D concentration of < 15 ng/mL and a higher subsequent risk for hospitalization with an infection among Medicare beneficiaries. C1 [Kempker, Jordan A.; Martin, Greg S.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Pulm Allergy Crit Care & Sleep Med, 615 Michael St,Suite 205, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Magee, Matthew J.] Georgia State Univ, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Cegielski, J. Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kempker, JA (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Pulm Allergy Crit Care & Sleep Med, 615 Michael St,Suite 205, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM jkempke@emory.edu FU National Institutes of Health [T32 AA013528, KL2 TR000455, R21 HL110044, P50 AA013757]; Atlanta Clinical and Translational Science Institute [UL1 TR000454] FX This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health grants T32 AA013528 and KL2 TR000455 (J.A.K.), R21 HL110044 (G.S.M.), and P50 AA013757 (G.S.M.) and by the Atlanta Clinical and Translational Science Institute (grant UL1 TR000454). NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD MAY 15 PY 2016 VL 183 IS 10 BP 920 EP 929 DI 10.1093/aje/kwv306 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM5HM UT WOS:000376378700006 PM 27189328 ER PT J AU Radzio, J Henning, T Jenkins, L Ellis, S Farshy, C Phillips, C Holder, A Kuklenyik, S Dinh, C Hanson, D McNicholl, J Heneine, W Papp, J Kersh, EN Garcia-Lerma, JG AF Radzio, Jessica Henning, Tara Jenkins, Leecresia Ellis, Shanon Farshy, Carol Phillips, Christi Holder, Angela Kuklenyik, Susan Dinh, Chuong Hanson, Debra McNicholl, Janet Heneine, Walid Papp, John Kersh, Ellen N. Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo TI Combination Emtricitabine and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Prevents Vaginal Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Macaques Harboring Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE pre-exposure prophylaxis; pig-tailed macaque; sexual transmitted infections (STIs); Truvada; FTC/TDF ID PROPHYLACTIC EFFICACY; TRANSMISSION; MODEL AB Genital inflammation associated with sexually transmitted infections increases susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but it is unclear whether the increased risk can reduce the efficacy of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We investigated whether coinfection of macaques with Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis decreases the prophylactic efficacy of oral emtricitabine (FTC)/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). Macaques were exposed to simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) vaginally each week for up to 16 weeks and received placebo or FTC/TDF pericoitally. All animals in the placebo group were infected with SHIV, while 4 of 6 PrEP recipients remained uninfected (P = .03). Oral FTC/TDF maintains efficacy in a macaque model of sexually transmitted coinfection, although the infection of 2 macaques signals a modest loss of PrEP activity. C1 [Radzio, Jessica; Henning, Tara; Jenkins, Leecresia; Ellis, Shanon; Holder, Angela; Dinh, Chuong; Hanson, Debra; McNicholl, Janet; Heneine, Walid; Kersh, Ellen N.; Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farshy, Carol; Phillips, Christi; Papp, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kuklenyik, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Radzio, J (reprint author), Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, MS G45,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jradzio@cdc.gov FU CDC; CDC [Y1-Al-0681-02]; National Institutes of Health [Y1-Al-0681-02] FX This work was supported by the CDC and by an interagency agreement (Y1-Al-0681-02) between the CDC and the National Institutes of Health. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2016 VL 213 IS 10 BP 1541 EP 1545 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiw002 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM8XX UT WOS:000376648900005 PM 26743846 ER PT J AU Gaglani, M Pruszynski, J Murthy, K Clipper, L Robertson, A Reis, M Chung, JR Piedra, PA Avadhanula, V Nowalk, MP Zimmerman, RK Jackson, ML Jackson, LA Petrie, JG Ohmit, SE Monto, AS McLean, HQ Belongia, EA Fry, AM Flannery, B AF Gaglani, Manjusha Pruszynski, Jessica Murthy, Kempapura Clipper, Lydia Robertson, Anne Reis, Michael Chung, Jessie R. Piedra, Pedro A. Avadhanula, Vasanthi Nowalk, Mary Patricia Zimmerman, Richard K. Jackson, Michael L. Jackson, Lisa A. Petrie, Joshua G. Ohmit, Suzanne E. Monto, Arnold S. McLean, Huong Q. Belongia, Edward A. Fry, Alicia M. Flannery, Brendan TI Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against 2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Virus Differed by Vaccine Type During 2013-2014 in the United States SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE influenza; influenza vaccine; vaccine effectiveness; influenza vaccine effectiveness ID SEASONAL INFLUENZA; YOUNG-CHILDREN; CONFIRMED INFLUENZA; PROTECTION; AGE; TRIVALENT; SURVEILLANCE; CIRCULATION; STABILITY; INFECTION AB Background. The predominant strain during the 2013- 2014 influenza season was 2009 pandemic influenza A( H1N1) virus ( A[ H1N1] pdm09). This vaccine- component has remained unchanged from 2009. Methods.aEuro integral The US Flu Vaccine Effectiveness Network enrolled subjects aged a parts per thousand yen6 months with medically attended acute respiratory illness (MAARI), including cough, with illness onset a parts per thousand currency sign7 days before enrollment. Influenza was confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We determined the effectiveness of trivalent or quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) among subjects ages a parts per thousand yen6 months and the effectiveness of quadrivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV4) among children aged 2-17 years, using a test-negative design. The effect of prior receipt of any A(H1N1)pdm09-containing vaccine since 2009 on the effectiveness of current-season vaccine was assessed. Results.aEuro integral We enrolled 5999 subjects; 5637 (94%) were analyzed; 18% had RT-PCR-confirmed A(H1N1)pdm09-related MAARI. Overall, the effectiveness of vaccine against A(H1N1)pdm09-related MAARI was 54% (95% confidence interval [CI], 46%-61%). Among fully vaccinated children aged 2-17 years, the effectiveness of LAIV4 was 17% (95% CI, -39% to 51%) and the effectiveness of IIV was 60% (95% CI, 36%-74%). Subjects aged a parts per thousand yen9 years showed significant residual protection of any prior A(H1N1)pdm09-containing vaccine dose(s) received since 2009, as did children < 9 years old considered fully vaccinated by prior season. Conclusions.aEuro integral During 2013-2014, IIV was significantly effective against A(H1N1)pdm09. Lack of LAIV4 effectiveness in children highlights the importance of continued annual monitoring of effectiveness of influenza vaccines in the United States. C1 [Gaglani, Manjusha; Pruszynski, Jessica; Murthy, Kempapura; Clipper, Lydia; Robertson, Anne; Reis, Michael] Baylor Scott & White Hlth, Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Med, Temple, TX USA. [Piedra, Pedro A.; Avadhanula, Vasanthi] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Chung, Jessie R.; Fry, Alicia M.; Flannery, Brendan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nowalk, Mary Patricia; Zimmerman, Richard K.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Jackson, Michael L.; Jackson, Lisa A.] Grp Hlth Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Petrie, Joshua G.; Ohmit, Suzanne E.; Monto, Arnold S.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [McLean, Huong Q.; Belongia, Edward A.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Chung, Jessie R.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Uganda, Rep of Georgia. RP Gaglani, M (reprint author), Baylor Scott & White Hlth, Texas A&M HSC COM, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, 2401 S 31st St,MS-CK-300, Temple, TX 76508 USA. EM Manjusha.Gaglani@BSWHealth.org OI Zimmerman, Richard/0000-0001-5941-6092 FU CDC; University of Michigan [U01 IP000474]; Group Health Research Institute [U01 IP000466]; Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation [U01 IP000471]; University of Pittsburgh [U01 IP000467]; Baylor Scott and White Health [U01 IP000473]; National Institutes of Health [UL1 RR024153, UL1TR000005] FX This work was supported by the CDC, through cooperative agreements with the University of Michigan (U01 IP000474), Group Health Research Institute (U01 IP000466), Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation (U01 IP000471), University of Pittsburgh (U01 IP000467), and Baylor Scott and White Health (U01 IP000473); and for infrastructure by the National Institutes of Health (grants UL1 RR024153 and UL1TR000005 to the University of Pittsburgh). NR 44 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2016 VL 213 IS 10 BP 1546 EP 1556 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiv577 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM8XX UT WOS:000376648900006 PM 26743842 ER PT J AU Kourtis, AP Jamieson, DJ Chasela, C van der Horst, C AF Kourtis, Athena P. Jamieson, Denise J. Chasela, Charles van der Horst, Charles TI Role of antibiotics in reducing childhood mortality in resource-poor settings SO AIDS LA English DT Letter ID AZITHROMYCIN; CHILDREN C1 [Kourtis, Athena P.; Jamieson, Denise J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chasela, Charles] Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. [van der Horst, Charles] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Kourtis, AP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM apk3@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD MAY 15 PY 2016 VL 30 IS 8 BP 1310 EP 1311 DI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001044 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DL6WR UT WOS:000375781200019 PM 27128331 ER PT J AU Fonjungo, PN Osmanov, S Kuritsky, J Ndihokubwayo, JB Bachanas, P Peeling, RW Timperi, R Fine, G Stevens, W Habiyambere, V Nkengasong, JN AF Fonjungo, Peter N. Osmanov, Saladin Kuritsky, Joel Ndihokubwayo, Jean Bosco Bachanas, Pam Peeling, Rosanna W. Timperi, Ralph Fine, Glenn Stevens, Wendy Habiyambere, Vincent Nkengasong, John N. TI Ensuring quality: a key consideration in scaling-up HIV-related point-of-care testing programs SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE misdiagnosis; partnerships; point of care testing; quality assurance cycle; volunteer quality corps AB Objective: The objective of the WHO/US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief consultation was to discuss innovative strategies, offer guidance, and develop a comprehensive policy framework for implementing quality-assured HIV-related point-of-care testing (POCT). Methods: The consultation was attended by representatives from international agencies (WHO, UNICEF, UNITAID, Clinton Health Access Initiative), United States Agency for International Development, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief Cooperative Agreement Partners, and experts from more than 25 countries, including policy makers, clinicians, laboratory experts, and program implementers. Main outcomes: There was strong consensus among all participants that ensuring access to quality of POCT represents one of the key challenges for the success of HIV prevention, treatment, and care programs. The following four strategies were recommended: implement a newly proposed concept of a sustainable quality assurance cycle that includes careful planning; definition of goals and targets; timely implementation; continuous monitoring; improvements and adjustments, where necessary; and a detailed evaluation; the importance of supporting a cadre of workers [e.g. volunteer quality corps (Q-Corps)] with the role to ensure that the quality assurance cycle is followed and sustained; implementation of the new strategy should be seen as a step-wise process, supported by development of appropriate policies and tools; and joint partnership under the leadership of the ministries of health to ensure sustainability of implementing novel approaches. Conclusion: The outcomes of this consultation have been well received by program implementers in the field. The recommendations also laid the groundwork for developing key policy and quality documents for the implementation of HIV-related POCT. Copyright (C) 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Fonjungo, Peter N.; Osmanov, Saladin; Bachanas, Pam; Nkengasong, John N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kuritsky, Joel] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Ndihokubwayo, Jean Bosco] WHO, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Rep Congo. [Peeling, Rosanna W.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. [Timperi, Ralph] Assoc Publ Hlth Labs, Rockville, MD USA. [Fine, Glenn] Clin & Lab Stand Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Stevens, Wendy] Univ Witwatersrand, Dept Mol Med & Haematol, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Stevens, Wendy] Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Natl Prior Program, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Habiyambere, Vincent] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Fonjungo, PN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Lab Branch, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Pfonjungo@cdc.gov FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; World Health Organization FX The consultation has been supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD MAY 15 PY 2016 VL 30 IS 8 BP 1317 EP 1323 DI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001031 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DL6WR UT WOS:000375781200022 PM 26807969 ER PT J AU Dobrovolskaia, MA Shurin, M Shvedova, AA AF Dobrovolskaia, Marina A. Shurin, Michael Shvedova, Anna A. TI Current understanding of interactions between nanoparticles and the immune system SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nanoparticles; Preclinical; Immunotoxicity; Immunology; Drug delivery ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; CHALLENGING CLINICAL TRANSLATION; LEUKOCYTE PROCOAGULANT ACTIVITY; COLLOIDAL GOLD NANOPARTICLES; ALBUMIN-BOUND PACLITAXEL; ACID-BASED THERAPEUTICS; POTENT DELIVERY-SYSTEM; HUMAN DENDRITIC CELLS; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; IN-VITRO AB The delivery of drugs, antigens, and imaging agents benefits from using nanotechnology-based carriers. The successful translation of nanoformulations to the clinic involves thorough assessment of their safety profiles, which, among other end-points, includes evaluation of immunotoxicity. The past decade of research focusing on nano particle interaction with the immune system has been fruitful in terms of understanding the basics of nanoparticle immunocompatibility, developing a bioanalytical infrastructure to screen for nanoparticle-mediated immune reactions, beginning to uncover the mechanisms of nanoparticle immunotoxicity, and utilizing current knowledge about the structure-activity relationship between nanoparticles' physicochemical properties and their effects on the immune system to guide safe drug delivery. In the present review, we focus on the most prominent pieces of the nanoparticle-immune system puzzle and discuss the achievements, disappointments, and lessons learned over the past 15 years of research on the immunotoxicity of engineered nanomaterials. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Dobrovolskaia, Marina A.] NCI, Nanotechnol Characterizat Lab, Canc Res Technol Program, Leidos Biomed Res Inc,Frederick Natl Lab Canc Res, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Shurin, Michael] Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Shurin, Michael] Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Immunol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Shvedova, Anna A.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Shvedova, Anna A.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Dobrovolskaia, MA (reprint author), NCI, Nanotechnol Characterizat Lab, Canc Res Technol Program, Leidos Biomed Res Inc,Frederick Natl Lab Canc Res, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA.; Shvedova, AA (reprint author), NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.; Shvedova, AA (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM marina@mail.nih.gov; ats1@cdc.gov RI Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, NCL/K-8454-2012 FU National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health [HHSN261200800001E] FX M.D.'s work has been funded with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, under contract HHSN261200800001E. NR 174 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 15 U2 51 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X EI 1096-0333 J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD MAY 15 PY 2016 VL 299 SI SI BP 78 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2015.12.022 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA DJ8BA UT WOS:000374435900011 PM 26739622 ER PT J AU Fatkhutdinova, LM Khaliullin, TO Vasil'yeva, OL Zalyalov, RR Mustafin, IG Kisin, ER Birch, ME Yanamala, N Shvedova, AA AF Fatkhutdinova, Liliya M. Khaliullin, Timur O. Vasil'yeva, Olga L. Zalyalov, Ramil R. Mustafin, Ilshat G. Kisin, Elena R. Birch, M. Eileen Yanamala, Naveena Shvedova, Anna A. TI Fibrosis biomarkers in workers exposed to MWCNTs SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MWCNT; Fibrosis; KL-6; TGF-beta; Osteopontin; Workers ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; STERILE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; AIR-POLLUTION; INHALATION EXPOSURE; PARTICULATE MATTER; HEALTH; MICE; ACTIVATION; ADENOCARCINOMA; ASPIRATION AB Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) with their unique physico-chemical properties offer numerous technological advantages and are projected to drive the next generation of manufacturing growth. As MWCNT have already found utility in different industries including construction, engineering, energy production, space exploration and biomedicine, large quantities of MWCNT may reach the environment and inadvertently lead to human exposure. This necessitates the urgent assessment of their potential health effects in humans. The current study was carried out at NanotechCenter Ltd. Enterprise (Tambov, Russia) where large-scale manufacturing of MWCNT along with relatively high occupational exposure levels was reported. The goal of this small cross-sectional study was to evaluate potential biomarkers during occupational exposure to MWCNT. All air samples were collected at the workplaces from both specific areas and personal breathing zones using filter-based devices to quantitate elemental carbon and perform particle analysis by TEM. Biological fluids of nasal lavage, induced sputum and blood serum were obtained from MWCNT-exposed and non-exposed workers for assessment of inflammatory and fibrotic markers. It was found that exposure to MWCNTs caused significant increase in IL-1 beta, IL6, TNF-alpha, inflammatory cytokines and KL-6, a serological biomarker for interstitial lung disease in collected sputum samples. Moreover, the level of TGF-beta 1 was increased in serum obtained from young exposed workers. Overall, the results from this study revealed accumulation of inflammatory and fibrotic biomarkers in biofluids of workers manufacturing MWCNTs. Therefore, the biomarkers analyzed should be considered for the assessment of health effects of occupational exposure to MWCNT in cross-sectional epidemiological studies. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Fatkhutdinova, Liliya M.; Khaliullin, Timur O.; Vasil'yeva, Olga L.; Zalyalov, Ramil R.; Mustafin, Ilshat G.] Kazan State Med Univ, Ul Butlerova 49, Kazan 420012, Russia. [Kisin, Elena R.; Yanamala, Naveena; Shvedova, Anna A.] NIOSH, Morgantown, WV USA. [Birch, M. Eileen] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Khaliullin, Timur O.] WVU, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Shvedova, AA (reprint author), Exposure Assessment Branch MS 2015, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM liliya.fatkhutdinova@gmail.com; Khaliullin.40k@gmail.com; volgaleon@gmail.com; zalyalov.ramil@gmail.com; ilshat64@mail.ru; edk8@cdc.gov; mib2@cdc.gov; wqu1@cdc.gov; ats1@cdc.gov FU Government of Tatarstan Republic; EC-FP-7-NANOSOLUTIONS [NORA 939051G, NTRC 939011K] FX This work was supported by Grant of the Government of Tatarstan Republic "Algarysh" for prospective area "Nanotechnology" (2008-2009) and by EC-FP-7-NANOSOLUTIONS, NORA 939051G and NTRC 939011K. NR 53 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X EI 1096-0333 J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD MAY 15 PY 2016 VL 299 SI SI BP 125 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2016.02.016 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA DJ8BA UT WOS:000374435900016 PM 26902652 ER PT J AU Biggs, HM Behravesh, CB Bradley, KK Dahlgren, FS Drexler, NA Dumler, JS Folk, SM Kato, CY Lash, RR Levin, ML Massung, RF Nadelman, RB Nicholson, WL Paddock, CD Pritt, BS Traeger, MS AF Biggs, Holly M. Behravesh, Casey Barton Bradley, Kristy K. Dahlgren, F. Scott Drexler, Naomi A. Dumler, J. Stephen Folk, Scott M. Kato, Cecilia Y. Lash, R. Ryan Levin, Michael L. Massung, Robert F. Nadelman, Robert B. Nicholson, William L. Paddock, Christopher D. Pritt, Bobbi S. Traeger, Marc S. TI Diagnosis and Management of Tickborne Rickettsial Diseases: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and Other Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses, Ehrlichioses, and Anaplasmosis - United States SO MMWR RECOMMENDATIONS AND REPORTS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIOSIS; HUMAN MONOCYTIC EHRLICHIOSIS; TICK-BORNE DISEASES; THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA; INDIRECT FLUORESCENT-ANTIBODY; RHIPICEPHALUS-SANGUINEUS TICKS; AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM ACARI; ESCHAR-ASSOCIATED ILLNESS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; NEWLY RECOGNIZED AGENT AB Tickborne rickettsial diseases continue to cause severe illness and death in otherwise healthy adults and children, despite the availability of low-cost, effective antibacterial therapy. Recognition early in the clinical course is critical because this is the period when antibacterial therapy is most effective. Early signs and symptoms of these illnesses are nonspecific or mimic other illnesses, which can make diagnosis challenging. Previously undescribed tickborne rickettsial diseases continue to be recognized, and since 2004, three additional agents have been described as causes of human disease in the United States: Rickettsia parkeri, Ehrlichia muris-like agent, and Rickettsia species 364D. This report updates the 2006 CDC recommendations on the diagnosis and management of tickborne rickettsial diseases in the United States and includes information on the practical aspects of epidemiology, clinical assessment, treatment, laboratory diagnosis, and prevention of tickborne rickettsial diseases. The CDC Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, in consultation with external clinical and academic specialists and public health professionals, developed this report to assist health care providers and public health professionals to 1) recognize key epidemiologic features and clinical manifestations of tickborne rickettsial diseases, 2) recognize that doxycycline is the treatment of choice for suspected tickborne rickettsial diseases in adults and children, 3) understand that early empiric antibacterial therapy can prevent severe disease and death, 4) request the appropriate confirmatory diagnostic tests and understand their usefulness and limitations, and 5) report probable and confirmed cases of tickborne rickettsial diseases to public health authorities. C1 [Biggs, Holly M.; Behravesh, Casey Barton; Dahlgren, F. Scott; Drexler, Naomi A.; Kato, Cecilia Y.; Lash, R. Ryan; Levin, Michael L.; Massung, Robert F.; Nicholson, William L.; Paddock, Christopher D.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bradley, Kristy K.] Oklahoma Dept Hlth, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Dumler, J. Stephen] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Folk, Scott M.] Mosa Life Care, St Joseph, MO USA. [Nadelman, Robert B.] New York Med Coll, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. [Pritt, Bobbi S.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. [Traeger, Marc S.] Indian Hlth Serv, Whiteriver, AZ USA. RP Biggs, HM (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Rzbepidiag@cdc.gov NR 336 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 9 U2 17 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1057-5987 EI 1545-8601 J9 MMWR RECOMM REP JI MMWR Recomm. Rep. PD MAY 13 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 2 BP 1 EP + PG 45 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DO3ZF UT WOS:000377720600001 PM 27172113 ER PT J AU Mera, J Vellozzi, C Hariri, S Carabin, H Drevets, DA Miller, A Reilley, B Essex, W Gahn, D Lyons, L Leston, J Ward, JW AF Mera, Jorge Vellozzi, Claudia Hariri, Susan Carabin, Helene Drevets, Douglas A. Miller, Anna Reilley, Brigg Essex, Whitney Gahn, David Lyons, Lisa Leston, Jessica Ward, John W. TI Identification and Clinical Management of Persons with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection - Cherokee Nation, 2012-2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES C1 [Mera, Jorge; Miller, Anna; Essex, Whitney; Gahn, David; Lyons, Lisa] Cherokee Nation Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vellozzi, Claudia; Hariri, Susan; Ward, John W.] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Carabin, Helene; Drevets, Douglas A.] Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Drevets, Douglas A.] Oklahoma City Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Reilley, Brigg] Indian Hlth Serv, Rockville, MD USA. [Leston, Jessica] Indian Hlth Board, Northwest Portland Area, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Mera, J (reprint author), Cherokee Nation Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Jorge-Mera@cherokee.org NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAY 13 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 18 BP 461 EP 466 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL9FQ UT WOS:000375947600002 PM 27172175 ER PT J AU Reilley, B Leston, J Hariri, S Neel, L Rudd, M Galope, M Ward, J Vellozzi, C AF Reilley, Brigg Leston, Jessica Hariri, Susan Neel, Lisa Rudd, Miles Galope, Megan Ward, John Vellozzi, Claudia TI Birth Cohort Testing for Hepatitis C Virus - Indian Health Service 2012-2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; INFECTION C1 [Reilley, Brigg; Neel, Lisa] IHS, Natl HIV AIDS Program, Off Clin & Prevent Serv, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Leston, Jessica] Indian Hlth Board, Northwest Portland Area, Eugene, OR USA. [Hariri, Susan; Ward, John; Vellozzi, Claudia] CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rudd, Miles] IHS, Portland Area Off, Eugene, OR USA. [Galope, Megan] IHS, Off Informat Technol, Eugene, OR USA. RP Reilley, B (reprint author), IHS, Natl HIV AIDS Program, Off Clin & Prevent Serv, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM brigg.reilley@ihs.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAY 13 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 18 BP 467 EP 469 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL9FQ UT WOS:000375947600003 PM 27171026 ER PT J AU Morales, M Tangermann, RH Wassilak, SGF AF Morales, Michelle Tangermann, Rudolf H. Wassilak, Steven G. F. TI Progress Toward Polio Eradication - Worldwide, 2015-2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID POLIOMYELITIS ERADICATION; VACCINE C1 [Morales, Michelle] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Morales, Michelle; Wassilak, Steven G. F.] CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tangermann, Rudolf H.] WHO, Polio Eradicat Dept, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Morales, M (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Morales, M (reprint author), CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MMorales7@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAY 13 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 18 BP 470 EP 473 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL9FQ UT WOS:000375947600004 PM 27171208 ER PT J AU Lorenzi, OD Major, C Acevedo, V Perez-Padilla, J Rivera, A Biggerstaff, BJ Munoz-Jordan, J Waterman, S Barrera, R Sharp, TM AF Lorenzi, Olga D. Major, Chelsea Acevedo, Veronica Perez-Padilla, Janice Rivera, Aidsa Biggerstaff, Brad J. Munoz-Jordan, Jorge Waterman, Stephen Barrera, Roberto Sharp, Tyler M. TI Reduced Incidence of Chikungunya Virus Infection in Communities with Ongoing Aedes Aegypti Mosquito Trap Intervention Studies - Salinas and Guayama, Puerto Rico, November 2015-February 2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Lorenzi, Olga D.; Major, Chelsea; Acevedo, Veronica; Perez-Padilla, Janice; Rivera, Aidsa; Biggerstaff, Brad J.; Munoz-Jordan, Jorge; Waterman, Stephen; Barrera, Roberto; Sharp, Tyler M.] CDC, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Major, Chelsea] CDC, Office Director, Off State Tribal Local & Terr Support, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sharp, TM (reprint author), CDC, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Tsharp@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAY 13 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 18 BP 479 EP 480 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL9FQ UT WOS:000375947600007 PM 27171600 ER PT J AU Novosad, SA Vasquez, AM Nambiar, A Arduino, MJ Christensen, E Moulton-Meissner, H Keckler, MS Miller, J Perz, JF Lockhart, SR Chiller, T Gould, C Sehulster, L Brandt, ME Weber, JT Halpin, AL Mody, RK AF Novosad, Shannon A. Vasquez, Amber M. Nambiar, Atmaram Arduino, Matthew J. Christensen, Erick Moulton-Meissner, Heather Keckler, M. Shannon Miller, Jeffrey Perz, Joseph F. Lockhart, Shawn R. Chiller, Tom Gould, Carolyn Sehulster, Lynne Brandt, Mary E. Weber, J. Todd Halpin, Alison Laufer Mody, Rajal K. TI Probable Mucormycosis Among Adult Solid Organ Transplant Recipients at an Acute Care Hospital - Pennsylvania, 2014-2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID SURVEILLANCE NETWORK TRANSNET; INVASIVE FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; OUTBREAKS C1 [Novosad, Shannon A.; Vasquez, Amber M.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Novosad, Shannon A.; Vasquez, Amber M.; Arduino, Matthew J.; Moulton-Meissner, Heather; Keckler, M. Shannon; Perz, Joseph F.; Gould, Carolyn; Sehulster, Lynne; Weber, J. Todd; Halpin, Alison Laufer] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nambiar, Atmaram; Miller, Jeffrey] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [Christensen, Erick] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Keckler, M. Shannon] CDC, Lab Leadership Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lockhart, Shawn R.; Chiller, Tom; Brandt, Mary E.; Mody, Rajal K.] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Novosad, SA (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Novosad, SA (reprint author), CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Snovosad@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAY 13 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 18 BP 481 EP 482 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL9FQ UT WOS:000375947600008 PM 27171735 ER PT J AU Nandakumar, S Kannanganat, S Dobos, KM Lucas, M Spencer, JS Amara, RR Plikaytis, BB Posey, JE Sable, SB AF Nandakumar, Subhadra Kannanganat, Sunil Dobos, Karen M. Lucas, Megan Spencer, John S. Amara, Rama Rao Plikaytis, Bonnie B. Posey, James E. Sable, Suraj B. TI Boosting BCG-primed responses with a subunit Apa vaccine during the waning phase improves immunity and imparts protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID CD8(+) T-CELLS; IFN-GAMMA; BOVIS BCG; MICE; INFECTION; STRATEGY; EFFICACY; MUCOSAL; TH1; GLYCOPROTEIN AB Heterologous prime-boosting has emerged as a powerful vaccination approach against tuberculosis. However, optimal timing to boost BCG-immunity using subunit vaccines remains unclear in clinical trials. Here, we followed the adhesin Apa-specific T-cell responses in BCG-primed mice and investigated its BCG-booster potential. The Apa-specific T-cell response peaked 32-52 weeks after parenteral or mucosal BCG-priming but waned significantly by 78 weeks. A subunit-Apa-boost during the contraction-phase of BCG-response had a greater effect on the magnitude and functional quality of specific cellular and humoral responses compared to a boost at the peak of BCG-response. The cellular response increased following mucosal BCG-prime-Apa-subunit-boost strategy compared to Apa-subunit-prime-BCG-boost approach. However, parenteral BCG-prime-Apa-subunit-boost by a homologous route was the most effective strategy in-terms of enhancing specific T-cell responses during waning in the lung and spleen. Two Apa-boosters markedly improved waning BCG-immunity and significantly reduced Mycobacterium tuberculosis burdens post-challenge. Our results highlight the challenges of optimization of prime-boost regimens in mice where BCG drives persistent immune-activation and suggest that boosting with a heterologous vaccine may be ideal once the specific persisting effector responses are contracted. Our results have important implications for design of prime-boost regimens against tuberculosis in humans. C1 [Nandakumar, Subhadra; Plikaytis, Bonnie B.; Posey, James E.; Sable, Suraj B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kannanganat, Sunil; Amara, Rama Rao] Emory Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kannanganat, Sunil; Amara, Rama Rao] Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Dobos, Karen M.; Lucas, Megan; Spencer, John S.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Sable, SB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM SSable@cdc.gov RI Dobos, Karen/D-1170-2017 OI Dobos, Karen/0000-0001-7115-8524 FU Georgia Research Alliance collaboration grant; NIH/NIAID [HHSN266200400091c]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention intramural funds FX This work was supported by the Georgia Research Alliance collaboration grant (SBS, RRA, JEP and TM Shinnick), NIH/NIAID contract HHSN266200400091c (KD) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention intramural funds. BCG vaccine and Mtb Erdman were provided by Amy Yang, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD. We thank Sunan Fang and Jan Pohl, CDC, Atlanta for synthesizing Apa peptides and Ellie Click and Melisa Willby for critical readings of the manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD MAY 13 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 25837 DI 10.1038/srep25837 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DL7RQ UT WOS:000375838200001 PM 27173443 ER PT J AU Kriss, JL Goodson, J Machekanyanga, Z Shibeshi, ME Daniel, F Masresha, B Kaiser, R AF Kriss, Jennifer Lara Goodson, James Machekanyanga, Zorodzai Shibeshi, Messeret Eshetu Daniel, Fussum Masresha, Balcha Kaiser, Reinhard TI Vaccine receipt and vaccine card availability among children of the Apostolic faith: analysis from the 2010-2011 Zimbabwe demographic and health survey SO PAN AFRICAN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Vaccines; immunization; Apostolic faith; vaccine refusal; vaccine hesitancy ID CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION; PUBLISHED LITERATURE; MEASLES OUTBREAK; RELIGION; NIGERIA; MOZAMBIQUE; HESITANCY; REASONS AB Introduction: Vaccine hesitancy and refusal continue to be a global challenge to reaching immunization targets, especially among those in traditional or fundamentalist religions. The Apostolic faith in Zimbabwe has been historically associated with objection to most medical interventions, including immunization. Methods: We conducted a descriptive analysis of socio-demographic characteristics and vaccine coverage among Apostolic and non-Apostolic adults aged 15-49 years and children aged 12-23 months using the Demographic and Health Survey conducted in Zimbabwe during 2010-2011. We used logistic regression models to estimate associations between the Apostolic religion and receipt of all four basic childhood vaccinations in the Expanded Program on Immunization, receipt of no vaccinations, and availability of child vaccination card. Results: Among children aged 12-23 months, 64% had received all doses of the four basic vaccinations, and 12% had received none of the recommended vaccines. A vaccination card was available for 68% of children. There was no significant association between Apostolic faith and completion of all basic vaccinations (aOR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.69-1.17), but Apostolic children were almost twice as likely to have received no basic vaccinations (aOR=1.83, 95% CI: 1.22-2.77) than non-Apostolic children, and they were 32% less likely to have a vaccination card that was available and seen by the interviewer (aOR=0.68, 95% CI: 0.52-0.89). Conclusion: Disparities in childhood vaccination coverage and availability of vaccination cards persist for Apostolic in Zimbabwe. Continued collaboration with Apostolic leaders and additional research to better understand vaccine hesitancy and refine interventions and messaging strategies are needed. C1 [Kriss, Jennifer Lara; Goodson, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Machekanyanga, Zorodzai; Shibeshi, Messeret Eshetu; Daniel, Fussum; Kaiser, Reinhard] World Hlth Org, InterCountry Support Team East & Southern Africa, Reg Off Africa, Harare, Zimbabwe. [Masresha, Balcha] World Hlth Org, Reg Off Africa, Immunizat & Vaccines Dev Programme, Brazzaville, Rep Congo. RP Kriss, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); U.S. Department of Energy; CDC FX This project was supported by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the CDC administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CDC. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AFRICAN FIELD EPIDEMIOLOGY NETWORK-AFENET PI KAMPALA PA PO BOX 12874, KAMPALA, 00000, UGANDA SN 1937-8688 J9 PAN AFR MED J JI Pan Afr. Med. J. PD MAY 11 PY 2016 VL 24 AR 47 DI 10.11604/pamj.2016.24.47.8663 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EH3LZ UT WOS:000391674500001 PM 27642388 ER PT J AU Terranella, A Rea, V Griffith, M Manning, S Sears, S Farmer, A Martin, S Patel, M AF Terranella, Andrew Rea, Vicki Griffith, Matthew Manning, Susan Sears, Steven Farmer, Ann Martin, Stacey Patel, Manisha TI Vaccine effectiveness of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccine during a pertussis outbreak in Maine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Pertussis; Vaccine effectiveness ID BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; WANING IMMUNITY; UNITED-STATES; ADOLESCENTS; EFFICACY; CHILDHOOD; EPIDEMIC; COVERAGE; INFANTS; TDAP AB Background: Multiple school-associated pertussis outbreaks were reported in Maine from 2010 to 2011. These outbreaks were associated with an overall increase in pertussis cases statewide. Waning of protection in students recently vaccinated with tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) has been implicated in the increase in reported rates of pertussis nationally. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate Tdap vaccine effectiveness (VE) among students aged 11-19 years in two schools reporting outbreaks in 2011. All pertussis cases reported from August through November, 2011 at the two schools were included. Vaccination history was verified using provider information, state vaccine registry data, and parental verification. Attack rates (AR) were calculated. VE and duration of protection was calculated as VE=1 - (AR(vaccinated)/AR(unvaccinated)) x 100% using a log binomial regression model. Results: Of 416 students enrolled, 314 were included in the analyses. Twenty-nine cases collectively in Schools A and B. Tdap coverage was 65% at School A and 42% at School B before the start of the outbreak. Among students enrolled in the study, attack rates were 11.9% and 7.7% at Schools A and B, respectively. Overall VE was 68.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 37.7-86.2). VE was 70.4% (95% CI 17.5-89.4) for School A and 65.2% (95% CI -19.2 to 89.9) for School B. VE <2 years versus >= 2 years from outbreak onset was not significantly different. Conclusions: Tdap was moderately effective in preventing disease among vaccinated students. Vaccine coverage of 65% or less was suboptimal and might contribute to outbreaks. Waning VE was not demonstrated. Increased vaccination coverage rates as well as further evaluation of the role of acellular vaccine on VE is needed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Terranella, Andrew] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Terranella, Andrew; Griffith, Matthew; Martin, Stacey; Patel, Manisha] CDC, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Terranella, Andrew; Griffith, Matthew; Martin, Stacey; Patel, Manisha] CDC, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rea, Vicki] Penobscot Cty Dept Hlth, Bangor, ME USA. [Manning, Susan; Sears, Steven; Farmer, Ann] Maine State Hlth Dept, Augusta, ME USA. RP Terranella, A (reprint author), Tuolumne Me Wuk Indian Hlth Ctr, Tuolumne, CA 95379 USA. EM Andrew.terranella@ihs.gov NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 11 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 22 BP 2496 EP 2500 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.083 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DM2XM UT WOS:000376211400006 PM 27038131 ER PT J AU Haber, P Moro, PL Lewis, P Woo, EJ Jankosky, C Cano, M AF Haber, Penina Moro, Pedro L. Lewis, Paige Woo, Emily Jane Jankosky, Christopher Cano, Maria TI Post-licensure surveillance of quadrivalent inactivated influenza (IIV4) vaccine in the United States, Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), July 1, 2013-May 31, 2015 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Vaccine safety; Post-licensure surveillance; Quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccines ID GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; IMMUNIZATION SAFETY DATA; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; FEBRILE SEIZURES; DATALINK PROJECT; CHILDREN; RISK; ANAPHYLAXIS; SIGNAL; COLLECTION AB Background: Quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (11V4) were first available for use during 2013-14 influenza season for individuals aged >= 6 months. IIV4 is designed to protect against four different flu viruses; two influenza A viruses and two influenza B viruses. Methods: We searched the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) for US reports after IIV4 and trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3) from 7/1/2013-5/31/2015. Medical records were requested for non-manufacturer reports classified as serious (i.e. death, hospitalization, prolonged hospitalization, life-threatening illness, permanent disability). The review included automated data analysis, clinical review of all serious reports, reports of special interest, and empirical Bayesian data mining. Results: VAERS received 1,838 IIV4 reports; 512 (28%) in persons aged 6 months-17 years of which 42 (8.2%) were serious reports; 1,265 (69%) in persons aged >18 years of which 84(6.6%) were serious reports; two in children <6 months and 59 in persons of unknown age. Injection site erythema (24%), fever (14%) and injection site swelling (17%) were the most frequent adverse events among persons aged 6 months-17 years, while injection site pain (16%), pain (15%) and pain in extremity (13%) were the most frequent among persons aged 18-64 years given the vaccine alone. Among non-death serious reports, injection site reactions, constitutional symptoms, Guillain-Barre syndrome, seizures, and anaphylaxis were the most frequently reported adverse events. Data mining detected disproportional reporting for incorrect vaccine administration with no associated adverse events. Adverse events following IIV4 reported to VAERS were similar to those following IIV3. Conclusions: In our review of VAERS reports, IIV4 had a similar safety profile to IIV3. Most of the reported AEs were non-serious. Our findings are consistent with data from pre-licensure studies of IIV4. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Haber, Penina; Moro, Pedro L.; Lewis, Paige; Cano, Maria] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, NCEZID, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Immunizat Safety Off, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Woo, Emily Jane; Jankosky, Christopher] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Off Biostat & Epidemiol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Haber, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, NCEZID, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Immunizat Safety Off, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM PHaber@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 11 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 22 BP 2507 EP 2512 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.048 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DM2XM UT WOS:000376211400008 PM 27015735 ER PT J AU Cardemil, CV Estivariz, C Shrestha, L Sherchand, JB Sharma, A Gary, HE Oberste, MS Weldon, WC Bowen, MD Vinje, J Schluter, WW Anand, A Mach, O Chu, SY AF Cardemil, Cristina V. Estivariz, Concepcion Shrestha, Laxman Sherchand, Jeevan B. Sharma, Arun Gary, Howard E., Jr. Oberste, M. Steven Weldon, William C., III Bowen, Michael D. Vinje, Jan Schluter, W. William Anand, Abhijeet Mach, Ondrej Chu, Susan Y. TI The effect of diarrheal disease on bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV) immune response in infants in Nepal SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Bivalent oral polio vaccine; Seroconversion; Poliomyelitis; Diarrhea; Nepal ID CONTROLLED-TRIAL; IMMUNOGENICITY; POLIOMYELITIS; ANTIBODY; BRAZIL; HOST AB Background: A globally -coordinated phase out of all type 2 containing oral polio vaccine (OPV) is planned for April 2016 during which bivalent 1 + 3 OPV (bOPV) will replace trivalent OPV (tOPV) in routine immunization schedules and campaigns. Diarrhea impairs the immune response to tOPV, but the effect of diarrhea on bOPV is unknown. Methods: Infants aged 6 weeks to 11 months, who had received <3 doses of OPV and had mild-moderate diarrhea or no diarrhea, were recruited at five health facilities in Nepal. Neutralizing antibody titers to poliovirus types 1 and 3 were measured before and 28 days after bOPV administration. The effect of diarrhea and other factors on seroconversion or boosting in antibody titers to poliovirus was assessed by multivariable analysis. Results: Infants with diarrhea, versus those without diarrhea, had reduced response for poliovirus types I (56% [87/156] vs 66% [109/164]) and 3 (34% [70/209] vs 52% [122/236]). After adjusting for other factors, infants with diarrhea had significantly reduced response for type 3 (odds ratio [OR] = 0.44, 95% CI 0.29-0.68), as did infants with >5 loose stools per day (OR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.21-0.62). Conclusions: Diarrhea reduced the immune response to bOPV. Provision of additional doses of polio vaccine is necessary to maintain high population immunity in areas with high prevalence of diarrheal disease. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cardemil, Cristina V.; Estivariz, Concepcion; Gary, Howard E., Jr.; Anand, Abhijeet; Mach, Ondrej; Chu, Susan Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,MS A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shrestha, Laxman; Sherchand, Jeevan B.; Sharma, Arun] Tribhuvan Univ, Inst Med, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Oberste, M. Steven; Weldon, William C., III; Bowen, Michael D.; Vinje, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,MS A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schluter, W. William] WHO, Kathmandu, Nepal. RP Cardemil, CV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,MS A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ccardemil@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA FX We thank all of our participating infants and their families, the staff at each of the study sites in Nepal, and the laboratory and data management personnel who supported this study, including Alicia Ruiz (Global Immunization Division, CDC), Deborah Moore, Yiting Zhang, Sharla McDonald, Larin McDuffie, William Hendley, Patricia Mitchell, Mario Nicolas, Marta Diez-Valcarce, M. Leanne Ward, Slavica Mijatovic-Rustempasic (Division of Viral Diseases, CDC). This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 11 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 22 BP 2519 EP 2526 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.027 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DM2XM UT WOS:000376211400010 PM 27085172 ER PT J AU Voelker, R AF Voelker, Rebecca TI Protecting Health Workers From Zika During Labor and Delivery SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT News Item ID UNITED-STATES C1 [Voelker, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Voelker, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 10 PY 2016 VL 315 IS 18 BP 1939 EP 1939 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EL9YZ UT WOS:000394977300002 ER PT J AU Valerio, L Collins, CM Lees, RS Benedict, MQ AF Valerio, Laura Collins, C. Matilda Lees, Rosemary Susan Benedict, Mark Q. TI Benchmarking vector arthropod culture: an example using the African malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Insect culture; Standard operating procedure; Vector capacity; Insecticide resistance; Bioassay; Diet; Morphometrics ID AEDES-AEGYPTI; BODY-SIZE; LARVAL DIET; ARABIENSIS; DISPERSAL; SURVIVAL; RESERVES; FITNESS; RATES; AGE AB Background: Numerous important characteristics of adult arthropods are related to their size; this is influenced by conditions experienced as immatures. Arthropods cultured in the laboratory for research, or mass-reared for novel control methods, must therefore be of a standard size range and known quality so that results are reproducible. Methods: A simple two-step technique to assess laboratory culture methods was demonstrated using the mosquito Anopheles gambiae s.s. as a model. First, the ranges of key development outcomes were determined using various diet levels. The observed outcomes described the physiologically constrained limits. Secondly, the same outcomes were measured when using a standard operating procedure (SOP) for comparison with the determined ranges. Results: The standard method resulted in similar development rates to those of high and medium diets, wing length between those resulting from the high and medium diets, and larval survival exceeding all benchmark diet level values. The SOP used to produce experimental material was shown to produces high-quality material, relative to the biologically constrained limits. Conclusions: The comparison between all possible phenotypic outcomes, as determined by biological constraints, with those outcomes obtained using a given rearing protocol is termed "benchmarking". A method is here demonstrated which could be easily adapted to other arthropods, to objectively assess important characters obtained, and methods used, during routine culture that may affect outcomes of research. C1 [Valerio, Laura; Benedict, Mark Q.] Univ Perugia, Dept Expt Med, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Collins, C. Matilda] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ctr Environm Policy, Silwood Pk, Ascot, Berks, England. [Lees, Rosemary Susan] Polo Innovaz Genom Genet & Biol SCaRL, Edificio D, I-06132 Perugia, Italy. [Lees, Rosemary Susan] Vienna Int Ctr, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Joint FAO IAEA Div Nucl Tech Food & Agr, Insect Pest Control Sect,Dept Nucl Applicat, POB 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. [Benedict, Mark Q.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Lees, RS (reprint author), Vienna Int Ctr, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Joint FAO IAEA Div Nucl Tech Food & Agr, Insect Pest Control Sect,Dept Nucl Applicat, POB 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. EM rosemarysusanlees@gmail.com OI Collins, Catherine Matilda (Tilly)/0000-0003-0966-5343; Lees, Rosemary/0000-0002-4232-9125 FU Foundation for the National Institutes of Health through the Vector-Based Control of Transmission: Discovery Research (VCTR) programme of the Grand Challenges in Global Health initiative of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) under the Marie Curie Actions (Regional, National and International Programmes-COFUND) project I-MOVE grant) [267232] FX Thanks to Luca Facchinelli for careful editing and comments on the manuscript. This work was funded by a grant from the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health through the Vector-Based Control of Transmission: Discovery Research (VCTR) programme of the Grand Challenges in Global Health initiative of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under the Marie Curie Actions (Co-funding of Regional, National and International Programmes-COFUND) project I-MOVE grant agreement no [267232]. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD MAY 10 PY 2016 VL 15 AR 262 DI 10.1186/s12936-016-1288-4 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DL3LK UT WOS:000375535100001 PM 27160438 ER PT J AU Chambers, DA Feero, WG Khoury, MJ AF Chambers, David A. Feero, W. Gregory Khoury, Muin J. TI Convergence of Implementation Science, Precision Medicine, and the Learning Health Care System A New Model for Biomedical Research SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Chambers, David A.; Khoury, Muin J.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, 9609 Med Ctr Dr,Room 3E414, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Feero, W. Gregory] Maine Dartmouth Family Med Residency, Augusta, GA USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Gen, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chambers, DA (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, 9609 Med Ctr Dr,Room 3E414, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM dchamber@mail.nih.gov NR 7 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 10 PY 2016 VL 315 IS 18 BP 1941 EP 1942 DI 10.1001/jama.2016.3867 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DL2JP UT WOS:000375461100006 PM 27163980 ER PT J AU Crews, JE Chou, CF Stevens, JA Saaddine, JB AF Crews, John E. Chou, Chiu-Fung Stevens, Judy A. Saaddine, Jinan B. TI Falls Among Persons Aged >= 65 Years With and Without Severe Vision Impairment - United States, 2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material ID VISUAL IMPAIRMENT; OLDER-ADULTS; PEOPLE; RISK C1 [Crews, John E.; Chou, Chiu-Fung; Saaddine, Jinan B.] CDC, Vis Hlth Initiat, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stevens, Judy A.] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Crews, JE (reprint author), CDC, Vis Hlth Initiat, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JCrews@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAY 6 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 17 BP 433 EP 437 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL1GP UT WOS:000375380900002 PM 27148832 ER PT J AU Mulders, MN Rota, PA Icenogle, JP Brown, KE Takeda, M Rey, GJ Ben Mamou, MC Dosseh, ARGA Byabamazima, CR Ahmed, HJ Pattamadilok, S Zhang, Y Gacic-Dobo, M Strebel, PM Goodson, JL AF Mulders, Mick N. Rota, Paul A. Icenogle, Joseph P. Brown, Kevin E. Takeda, Makoto Rey, Gloria J. Ben Mamou, Myriam C. Dosseh, Annick R. G. A. Byabamazima, Charles R. Ahmed, Hinda J. Pattamadilok, Sirima Zhang, Yan Gacic-Dobo, Marta Strebel, Peter M. Goodson, James L. TI Global Measles and Rubella Laboratory Network Support for Elimination Goals, 2010-2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Mulders, Mick N.; Gacic-Dobo, Marta; Strebel, Peter M.] WHO, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, Geneva, Switzerland. [Rota, Paul A.; Icenogle, Joseph P.] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brown, Kevin E.] Publ Hlth England, Virus Reference Dept, Colindale London, England. [Takeda, Makoto] Natl Inst Infect Dis, Tokyo, Japan. [Rey, Gloria J.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, WHO, Comprehens Family Immunizat, Reg Off Amer, Washington, DC USA. [Ben Mamou, Myriam C.] WHO, Reg Off Europe, Vaccine Preventable Dis & Immunizat, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Dosseh, Annick R. G. A.] WHO, Accelerated Immunisat Initiat Program, Intercountry Support Team West & Cent Africa, Reg Off Africa, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Byabamazima, Charles R.] WHO, Accelerated Immunisat Initiat Program, Intercountry Support Team East & Southern Africa, Reg Off Africa, Harare, Zimbabwe. [Ahmed, Hinda J.] WHO, Vaccine Preventable Dis & Immunizat, Reg Off Eastern Mediterranean Reg, Cairo, Egypt. [Pattamadilok, Sirima] WHO, Immunizat & Vaccine Dev, Reg Off Southeast Asia, New Delhi, India. [Zhang, Yan] WHO, Expanded Programme Immunizat, Reg Off Western Pacific, Manila, Philippines. [Goodson, James L.] CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Goodson, JL (reprint author), CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JGoodson@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAY 6 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 17 BP 438 EP 442 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL1GP UT WOS:000375380900003 PM 27148917 ER PT J AU Visser, SN Danielson, ML Wolraich, ML Fox, MH Grosse, SD Valle, LA Holbrook, JR Claussen, AH Peacock, G AF Visser, Susanna N. Danielson, Melissa L. Wolraich, Mark L. Fox, Michael H. Grosse, Scott D. Valle, Linda A. Holbrook, Joseph R. Claussen, Angelika H. Peacock, Georgina TI Vital Signs: National and State-Specific Patterns of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Treatment Among Insured Children Aged 2-5 Years - United States, 2008-2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID ADHD; CHILDHOOD; OUTCOMES AB Background: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with adverse outcomes and elevated societal costs. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) 2011 guidelines recommend "behavior therapy" over medication as first-line treatment for children aged 4-5 years with ADHD; these recommendations are consistent with current guidelines from the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry for younger children. CDC analyzed claims data to assess national and state-level ADHD treatment patterns among young children. Methods: CDC compared Medicaid and employer-sponsored insurance (ESI) claims for "psychological services" (the procedure code category that includes behavior therapy) and ADHD medication among children aged 2-5 years receiving clinical care for ADHD, using the MarketScan commercial database (2008-2014) and Medicaid (2008-2011) data. Among children with ESI, ADHD indicators were compared during periods preceding and following the 2011 AAP guidelines. Results: In both Medicaid and ESI populations, the percentage of children aged 2-5 years receiving clinical care for ADHD increased over time; however, during 2008-2011, the percentage of Medicaid beneficiaries receiving clinical care was double that of ESI beneficiaries. Although state percentages varied, overall nationally no more than 55% of children with ADHD received psychological services annually, regardless of insurance type, whereas approximately three fourths received medication. Among children with ESI, the percentage receiving psychological services following release of the guidelines decreased significantly by 5%, from 44% in 2011 to 42% in 2014; the change in medication treatment rates (77% in 2011 compared with 76% in 2014) was not significant. Conclusions and Comments: Among insured children aged 2-5 years receiving clinical care for ADHD, medication treatment was more common than receipt of recommended first-line treatment with psychological services. Among children with ADHD who had ESI, receipt of psychological services did not increase after release of the 2011 guidelines. Scaling up evidence-based behavior therapy might lead to increased delivery of effective ADHD management without the side effects of ADHD medications. C1 [Visser, Susanna N.; Danielson, Melissa L.; Fox, Michael H.; Valle, Linda A.; Holbrook, Joseph R.; Claussen, Angelika H.; Peacock, Georgina] CDC, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wolraich, Mark L.] Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, OU Child Study Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Grosse, Scott D.] CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Visser, SN (reprint author), CDC, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM svisser@cdc.gov OI Danielson, Melissa/0000-0001-9461-0341 NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAY 6 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 17 BP 443 EP 450 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL1GP UT WOS:000375380900004 PM 27149047 ER PT J AU Dirlikov, E Ryff, KR Torres-Aponte, J Thomas, DL Perez-Padilla, J Munoz-Jordan, J Caraballo, EV Garcia, M Segarra, MO Malave, G Simeone, RM Shapiro-Mendoza, CK Reyes, LR Alvarado-Ramy, F Harris, AF Rivera, A Major, CG Mayshack, M Alvarado, LI Lenhart, A Valencia-Prado, M Waterman, S Sharp, TM Rivera-Garcia, B AF Dirlikov, Emilio Ryff, Kyle R. Torres-Aponte, Jomil Thomas, Dana L. Perez-Padilla, Janice Munoz-Jordan, Jorge Caraballo, Elba V. Garcia, Myriam Segarra, Marangely Olivero Malave, Graciela Simeone, Regina M. Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K. Reyes, Lourdes Romero Alvarado-Ramy, Francisco Harris, Angela F. Rivera, Aidsa Major, Chelsea G. Mayshack, Marrielle Alvarado, Luisa I. Lenhart, Audrey Valencia-Prado, Miguel Waterman, Steve Sharp, Tyler M. Rivera-Garcia, Brenda TI Update: Ongoing Zika Virus Transmission - Puerto Rico, November 1, 2015-April 14, 2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID INTERIM GUIDANCE; UNITED-STATES; PREVENTION C1 [Dirlikov, Emilio; Ryff, Kyle R.; Torres-Aponte, Jomil; Thomas, Dana L.; Mayshack, Marrielle; Rivera-Garcia, Brenda] Puerto Rico Dept Hlth, Off Epidemiol & Res, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Dirlikov, Emilio] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Thomas, Dana L.] CDC, Div State & Local Readiness, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Perez-Padilla, Janice; Munoz-Jordan, Jorge; Caraballo, Elba V.; Rivera, Aidsa; Major, Chelsea G.; Waterman, Steve; Sharp, Tyler M.] CDC, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Garcia, Myriam; Segarra, Marangely Olivero; Malave, Graciela] Puerto Rico Dept Hlth, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Biol & Chem Emergencies Lab, San Juan, PR USA. [Garcia, Myriam; Segarra, Marangely Olivero; Malave, Graciela] Puerto Rico Dept Hlth, Publ Hlth Lab, San Juan, PR USA. [Simeone, Regina M.] CDC, Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K.] CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reyes, Lourdes Romero] Puerto Rico Women Infants & Children Program, San Juan, PR USA. [Alvarado-Ramy, Francisco] CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Harris, Angela F.] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. [Major, Chelsea G.; Mayshack, Marrielle] CDC, Off State Tribal Local & Terr Support, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Alvarado, Luisa I.] Ponce Hlth Sci Univ, St Lukes Episcopal Hosp Consortium, San Juan, PR USA. [Lenhart, Audrey] CDC, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Valencia-Prado, Miguel] Puerto Rico Dept Hlth, Puerto Rico Birth Defects Surveillance & Preven S, San Juan, PR USA. RP Dirlikov, E (reprint author), Puerto Rico Dept Hlth, Off Epidemiol & Res, San Juan, PR 00936 USA.; Dirlikov, E (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Zika@salud.gov.pr NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 11 U2 11 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAY 6 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 17 BP 451 EP 455 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL1GP UT WOS:000375380900005 PM 27149205 ER PT J AU Pieracci, EG Schroeder, B Mengistu, A Melaku, A Shiferaw, M Blanton, JD Wallace, R AF Pieracci, Emily G. Schroeder, Betsy Mengistu, Araya Melaku, Achenef Shiferaw, Miriam Blanton, Jesse D. Wallace, Ryan TI Assessment of Health Facilities for Control of Canine Rabies - Gondar City, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Pieracci, Emily G.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pieracci, Emily G.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schroeder, Betsy] Virginia Maryland Coll Vet Med, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Mengistu, Araya; Melaku, Achenef] Univ Gondar, Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. [Shiferaw, Miriam; Blanton, Jesse D.; Wallace, Ryan] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Pieracci, EG (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Pieracci, EG (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM epieracci@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAY 6 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 17 BP 456 EP 457 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL1GP UT WOS:000375380900006 PM 27149318 ER PT J AU Yeebiyo, Y Dengela, D Tesfaye, AG Anshebo, GY Kolyada, L Wirtz, R Chibsa, S Fornadel, C George, K Belemvire, A Taffese, HS Lucas, B AF Yeebiyo, Yemane Dengela, Dereje Tesfaye, Alemayehu Getachew Anshebo, Gedeon Yohannes Kolyada, Lena Wirtz, Robert Chibsa, Sheleme Fornadel, Christen George, Kristen Belemvire, Allison Taffese, Hiwot Solomon Lucas, Bradford TI Short persistence of bendiocarb sprayed on pervious walls and its implication for the indoor residual spray program in Ethiopia SO PARASITES & VECTORS LA English DT Article DE IRS; Bendiocarb; Propoxur; Anopheles arabiensis; Vector control; Experimental hut; Ethiopia ID MALARIA CONTROL; ANOPHELES-ARABIENSIS; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS; PIRIMIPHOS-METHYL; 300 CS; INSECTICIDE; RESISTANCE; GAMBIAE; AFRICA; DDT AB Background: With the emergence and spread of vector resistance to pyrethroids and DDT in Africa, several countries have recently switched or are considering switching to carbamates and/or organophosphates for indoor residual spraying (IRS). However, data collected on the residual life of bendiocarb used for IRS in some areas indicate shorter than expected bio-efficacy. This study evaluated the effect of pH and wall type on the residual life of the carbamates bendiocarb and propoxur as measured by the standard World Health Organization (WHO) cone bioassay test. Methods: In phase I of this study, bendiocarb and propoxur were mixed with buffered low pH (pH 4.3) local water and non-buffered high pH (pH 8.0) local water and sprayed on two types of wall surface, mud and dung, in experimental huts. In the six month phase II study, the two insecticides were mixed with high pH local water and sprayed on four different surfaces: painted, dung, mud and mud pre-wetted with water. The residual bio-efficacy of the insecticides was assessed monthly using standard WHO cone bioassay tests. Results: In phase I, bendiocarb mixed with high pH water killed more than 80 % of susceptible Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes for two months on both dung and mud surfaces. On dung surfaces, the 80 % mortality threshold was achieved for three months when the bendiocarb was mixed with low pH water and four months when it was mixed with high pH water. Propoxur lasted longer than bendiocarb on dung surfaces, staying above the 80 % mortality threshold for four and five months when mixed with high and low pH water, respectively. Phase II results also showed that the type of surface sprayed has a significant impact on the bio-efficacy of bendiocarb. Keeping the spray water constant at the same high pH of 8.0, bendiocarb killed 100 % of exposed mosquitoes on impervious painted surfaces for the six months of the study period compared with less than one month on mud surfaces. Conclusions: Mixing the insecticides in alkaline water did not reduce the residual bio-efficacy of bendiocarb. However, bendiocarb performed much better on impervious (painted) surfaces than on porous dung or mud ones. Propoxur was less affected by wall type than was bendiocarb. Studies on the interaction between wall materials, soil, humidity, temperature and pH and the residual bio-efficacy of new and existing insecticides are recommended prior to their wide use in IRS. C1 [Yeebiyo, Yemane; Tesfaye, Alemayehu Getachew; Anshebo, Gedeon Yohannes] Abt Associates Inc, Presidents Malaria Initiat Africa Indoor Residual, Gerji Rd,Sami Bldg,1st Floor, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Dengela, Dereje; Kolyada, Lena; Lucas, Bradford] Abt Associates Inc, Presidents Malaria Initiat Africa Indoor Residual, 4550 Montgomery Ave,Suite 800 North, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Wirtz, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Chibsa, Sheleme] US Agcy Int Dev USAID, Entoto St, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Fornadel, Christen; George, Kristen; Belemvire, Allison] US Agcy Int Dev, Presidents Malaria Initiat, Bur Global Hlth, Off Hlth Infect Dis & Nutr, 10082A,2100 Crystal Dr, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. [Taffese, Hiwot Solomon] Natl Malaria Control Program, Fed Minist Hlth, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. RP Dengela, D (reprint author), Abt Associates Inc, Presidents Malaria Initiat Africa Indoor Residual, 4550 Montgomery Ave,Suite 800 North, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM Dereje_Dengela@abtassoc.com FU President's Malaria Initiative FX We wish to thank all experts and colleagues from the President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) and Abt Associates who provided valuable inputs and comments during the preparation of this manuscript, including Dr. Lawrence Barat (PMI USAID) and Dr. Seth Irish (PMI CDC). We gratefully acknowledge the support from Linda Moll with the edits. We also thank the technicians who participated in the field data collection and Ben Johns and Ernest Fletcher for their help with the data analysis. This study was conducted by the United States Agency for International Development's Africa Indoor Residual Spraying Project with financial support from the President's Malaria Initiative. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-3305 J9 PARASITE VECTOR JI Parasites Vectors PD MAY 5 PY 2016 VL 9 AR 266 DI 10.1186/s13071-016-1549-7 PG 10 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA DL7QM UT WOS:000375835200001 PM 27151229 ER PT J AU Allison, RD Teleb, N Al Awaidy, S Ashmony, H Alexander, JP Patel, MK AF Allison, Robert D. Teleb, Nadia Al Awaidy, Salah Ashmony, Hossam Alexander, James P. Patel, Minal K. TI Hepatitis B control among children in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of the World Health Organization SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE Hepatitis B virus; HBV; Vaccination; birth dose; North Africa; Middle East; EMRO ID INFANT IMMUNIZATION COVERAGE; COLD-CHAIN; HOME DELIVERY; VACCINATION; IMPACT; VIRUS; ELIMINATION; INDONESIA; PROGRESS; DISEASE AB In the pre-vaccination era, the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the World Health Organization (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) ranged from two to seven percent in a total population of over 580 million people. Mortality estimates place cirrhosis among the top ten causes of years of life lost in the EMR The region has made notable achievements, improving coverage from only 6% in 1992, when WHO recommended hepatitis B vaccination of all infants, to 83% in 2014. Member states adopted a hepatitis B control target in 2009 to reduce chronic hepatitis B virus infection prevalence to less than one percent among children aged <5 years by 2015. This report reviews progress toward achievement, challenges faced, and the next steps forward of hepatitis B control among children in the EMR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Allison, Robert D.; Alexander, James P.; Patel, Minal K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E98, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Teleb, Nadia; Ashmony, Hossam] WHO, Eastern Mediterranean Reg Off, Cairo 11371, Egypt. [Al Awaidy, Salah] Minist Hlth, 18th November St, Muscat, Oman. RP Allison, RD (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E98, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM rallison@cdc.gov OI Allison, Robert/0000-0001-8458-5250 FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The work was supported by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 5 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 21 BP 2403 EP 2409 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.063 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DL7GC UT WOS:000375808000001 PM 27043863 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Zhang, T Chen, LL Greene, C Ding, YF Cheng, YJ Yang, C Zeng, SS Hua, J Zhou, SZ Song, Y Luan, L Zhang, J Zhao, GM AF Wang, Yin Zhang, Tao Chen, Liling Greene, Carolyn Ding, Yunfang Cheng, Yuejia Yang, Chao Zeng, Shanshan Hua, Jun Zhou, Suizan Song, Ying Luan, Lin Zhang, Jun Zhao, Genming TI Seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness against medically attended influenza illness among children aged 6-59 months, October 2011-September 2012: A matched test-negative case-control study in Suzhou, China SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Children; Test-negative case-control; Vaccine effectiveness; China ID YOUNG-CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES; HONG-KONG; HOSPITALIZATIONS; BURDEN; INFECTIONS; DESIGN; VIRUS AB Background: Seasonal influenza infections among young children in China lead to substantial numbers of hospitalizations and financial burden. This study assessed the seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against laboratory confirmed medically attended influenza illness among children in Suzhou, China, from October 2011-September 2012. Methods: We conducted a test-negative case-control study among children aged 6-59 months who sought care at Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital (SCH) from October 2011-September 2012. A case was defined as a child with influenza-like illness (ILI) or severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) with an influenza-positive nasopharyngeal swab by rRT-PCR, Controls were selected from children presenting with ILI or SARI without laboratory confirmed influenza. We conducted 1:1 matching by age and admission date. Vaccination status was verified from the citywide immunization system database. VE was calculated with conditional logistic regression: (1 - OR) x 100%. Result: During the study period, 2634 children aged 6-59 months presented to SCH with ILI (1975) or SARI (659) and were tested for influenza. The vaccination records were available for 69% (1829; ILI: 1354, SARI: 475). Among those, 23% (427) tested positive for influenza, and were included as cases. Among influenza positive cases, the vaccination rates were 3.2% for SARI and 4.5% for ILI. Among controls, the vaccination rates were 13% for SARI, and 11% for ILI. The overall VE against lab-confirmed medically attended influenza virus infection was 67% (95% CI: 41-82). The VE for SARI was 75% (95% CI: 11-93) and for ILI was 64% (95% CI: 31-82). Conclusions: The seasonal influenza vaccine was effective against medically attended lab-confirmed influenza infection in children aged 6-59 months in Suzhou, China in the 2011-12 influenza season. Increasing seasonal influenza vaccination among young children in Suzhou may decrease medically attended influenza-associated ILI and SARI cases in this population. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Yin; Zhang, Tao; Cheng, Yuejia; Yang, Chao; Zeng, Shanshan; Zhao, Genming] Fudan Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Key Lab Publ Hlth Safety,Minist Educ, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Chen, Liling; Luan, Lin; Zhang, Jun] Suzhou Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, Suzhou, Peoples R China. [Greene, Carolyn; Zhou, Suizan; Song, Ying] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ding, Yunfang; Hua, Jun] Suzhou Univ, Affiliated Childrens Hosp, Suzhou 215006, Peoples R China. RP Zhao, GM (reprint author), Fudan Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Key Lab Publ Hlth Safety,Minist Educ, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. EM sz_zhangj@163.com; gmzhao@shmu.edu.cn FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U2G/GH000961] FX This publication was supported by the Cooperative Agreement Number U2G/GH000961, funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Department of Health and Human Services. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 5 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 21 BP 2460 EP 2465 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.056 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DL7GC UT WOS:000375808000009 PM 27016650 ER PT J AU Theiss-Nyland, K Lynch, M Lines, J AF Theiss-Nyland, Katherine Lynch, Michael Lines, Jo TI Assessing the availability of LLINs for continuous distribution through routine antenatal care and the Expanded Programme on Immunizations in sub-Saharan Africa SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TREATED NET DELIVERY; LASTING INSECTICIDAL NETS; STRATEGIES; SERVICES; COVERAGE AB Background: In addition to mass distribution campaigns, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the continuous distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) to all pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) and all infants attending the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) services in countries implementing mosquito nets for malaria control. Countries report LLIN distribution data to the WHO annually. For this analysis, these data were used to assess policy and practice in implementing these recommendations and to compare the numbers of LLINs available through ANC and EPI services with the numbers of women and children attending these services. Methods: For each reporting country in sub-Saharan Africa, the presence of a reported policy for LLIN distribution through ANC and EPI was reviewed. Prior to inclusion in the analysis the completeness of data was assessed in terms of the numbers of LLINs distributed through all channels (campaigns, EPI, ANC, other). For each country with adequate data, the numbers of LLINs reportedly distributed by national programmes to ANC was compared to the number of women reportedly attending ANC at least once; the ratio between these two numbers was used as an indicator of LLIN availability at ANC services. The same calculations were repeated for LLINs distributed through EPI to produce the corresponding LLIN availability through this distribution channel. Results: Among 48 malaria-endemic countries in Africa, 33 malaria programmes reported adopting policies of ANC-based continuous distribution of LLINs, and 25 reported adopting policies of EPI-based distribution. Over a 3-year period through 2012, distribution through ANC accounted for 9 % of LLINs distributed, and LLINs distributed through EPI accounted for 4 %. The LLIN availability ratios achieved were 55 % through ANC and 34 % through EPI. For 38 country programmes reporting on LLIN distribution, data to calculate LLIN availability through ANC and EPI was available for 17 and 16, respectively. Conclusions: These continuous LLIN distribution channels appear to be under-utilized, especially EPI-based distribution. However, quality data from more countries are needed for consistent and reliable programme performance monitoring. A greater focus on routine data collection, monitoring and reporting on LLINs distributed through both ANC and EPI can provide insight into both strengths and weaknesses of continuous distribution, and improve the effectiveness of these delivery channels. C1 [Theiss-Nyland, Katherine] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Infect Dis Epidemiol Dept, Keppel St, London WC1, England. [Lynch, Michael] WHO, Global Malaria Programme, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Lynch, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lines, Jo] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dis Control Dept, Keppel St, London WC1, England. RP Theiss-Nyland, K (reprint author), London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Infect Dis Epidemiol Dept, Keppel St, London WC1, England. EM katherine.theiss-nyland@lshtm.ac.uk NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD MAY 4 PY 2016 VL 15 AR 255 DI 10.1186/s12936-016-1309-3 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DL0TF UT WOS:000375344800004 PM 27146406 ER PT J AU Fleming-Dutra, KE Hersh, AL Shapiro, DJ Bartoces, M Enns, EA File, TM Finkelstein, JA Gerber, JS Hyun, DY Linder, JA Lynfield, R Margolis, DJ May, LS Merenstein, D Metlay, JP Newland, JG Piccirillo, JF Roberts, RM Sanchez, GV Suda, KJ Thomas, A Woo, TM Zetts, RM Hicks, LA AF Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E. Hersh, Adam L. Shapiro, Daniel J. Bartoces, Monina Enns, Eva A. File, Thomas M., Jr. Finkelstein, Jonathan A. Gerber, Jeffrey S. Hyun, David Y. Linder, Jeffrey A. Lynfield, Ruth Margolis, David J. May, Larissa S. Merenstein, Daniel Metlay, Joshua P. Newland, Jason G. Piccirillo, Jay F. Roberts, Rebecca M. Sanchez, Guillermo V. Suda, Katie J. Thomas, Ann Woo, Teri Moser Zetts, Rachel M. Hicks, Lauri A. TI Prevalence of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among US Ambulatory Care Visits, 2010-2011 SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINE; RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; A STREPTOCOCCAL PHARYNGITIS; DISEASES SOCIETY; UNITED-STATES; OTITIS-MEDIA; CHILDREN; MANAGEMENT; DIAGNOSIS; AMERICA AB IMPORTANCE The National Action Plan for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria set a goal of reducing inappropriate outpatient antibiotic use by 50% by 2020, but the extent of inappropriate outpatient antibiotic use is unknown. OBJECTIVE To estimate the rates of outpatient oral antibiotic prescribing by age and diagnosis, and the estimated portions of antibiotic use that may be inappropriate in adults and children in the United States. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Using the 2010-2011 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, annual numbers and population-adjusted rates with 95% confidence intervals of ambulatory visits with oral antibiotic prescriptions by age, region, and diagnosis in the United States were estimated. EXPOSURES Ambulatory care visits. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Based on national guidelines and regional variation in prescribing, diagnosis-specific prevalence and rates of total and appropriate antibiotic prescriptions were determined. These rates were combined to calculate an estimate of the appropriate annual rate of antibiotic prescriptions per 1000 population. RESULTS Of the 184 032 sampled visits, 12.6% of visits (95% CI, 12.0%-13.3%) resulted in antibiotic prescriptions. Sinusitis was the single diagnosis associated with the most antibiotic prescriptions per 1000 population (56 antibiotic prescriptions [95% CI, 48-64]), followed by suppurative otitis media (47 antibiotic prescriptions [95% CI, 41-54]), and pharyngitis (43 antibiotic prescriptions [95% CI, 38-49]). Collectively, acute respiratory conditions per 1000 population led to 221 antibiotic prescriptions (95% CI, 198-245) annually, but only 111 antibiotic prescriptions were estimated to be appropriate for these conditions. Per 1000 population, among all conditions and ages combined in 2010-2011, an estimated 506 antibiotic prescriptions (95% CI, 458-554) were written annually, and, of these, 353 antibiotic prescriptions were estimated to be appropriate antibiotic prescriptions. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In the United States in 2010-2011, there was an estimated annual antibiotic prescription rate per 1000 population of 506, but only an estimated 353 antibiotic prescriptions were likely appropriate, supporting the need for establishing a goal for outpatient antibiotic stewardship. C1 [Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.; Bartoces, Monina; Roberts, Rebecca M.; Sanchez, Guillermo V.; Hicks, Lauri A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Hersh, Adam L.] Univ Utah, Pediat Infect Dis, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Shapiro, Daniel J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Enns, Eva A.] Univ Minnesota, Div Hlth Policy & Management, Minneapolis, MN USA. [File, Thomas M., Jr.] Summa Hlth Syst, Akron, OH USA. [File, Thomas M., Jr.] Northeast Ohio Med Univ, Akron, OH USA. [Finkelstein, Jonathan A.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA USA. [Finkelstein, Jonathan A.; Linder, Jeffrey A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Gerber, Jeffrey S.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Gerber, Jeffrey S.; Margolis, David J.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Hyun, David Y.; Zetts, Rachel M.] Pew Charitable Trusts, Washington, DC USA. [Linder, Jeffrey A.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Lynfield, Ruth] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [May, Larissa S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Emergency Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Merenstein, Daniel] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, Washington, DC 20007 USA. [Metlay, Joshua P.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Gen Internal Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Newland, Jason G.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis, St Louis, MO USA. [Piccirillo, Jay F.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Suda, Katie J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Vet Affairs, Chicago, IL USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Woo, Teri Moser] Pacific Lutheran Univ, Tacoma, WA 98447 USA. RP Fleming-Dutra, KE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ftu2@cdc.gov FU Pew Charitable Trusts FX This project was made possible through a partnership with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Foundation. Support for this project was provided by Pew Charitable Trusts. NR 39 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 3 PY 2016 VL 315 IS 17 BP 1864 EP 1873 DI 10.1001/jama.2016.4151 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DK9XF UT WOS:000375284400015 PM 27139059 ER PT J AU Hall, HI Espinoza, L Harris, S Shi, J AF Hall, H. Irene Espinoza, Lorena Harris, Shericka Shi, Jing TI Care and viral suppression during the last year of life among persons with HIV who died in 2012, 18 US jurisdictions SO AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV LA English DT Article DE HIV; AIDS; treatment; care; death ID UNITED-STATES; MORTALITY; DEATH; PREVENTION; INFECTION; AIDS AB Death due to HIV remains a leading cause of death among some US populations, yet little is known about HIV care before death. We used data from the National HIV Surveillance System to determine disease stage and care within 12 months prior to death among persons infected with HIV who died in 2012. Persons were considered to be in care within 12 months before death if they had >= 1 CD4 or viral load test results, and in continuous care if they had >= 2 CD4 or viral load test results at least 3 months apart. Viral suppression (viral load <200 copies/mL) was based on the most recent viral load test result in the 12 months before death. Among 7348 persons infected with HIV who died in 2012, 47.1% had late stage disease (AIDS) within 12 months before death. Overall, 85.7% had >= 1 test result, 64.3% had >= 2 tests at least 3 months apart, and 41.6% had a suppressed viral load. While blacks and Hispanics/Latinos had higher percentages of continuous care compared with whites, they had lower percentages of viral suppression and higher percentages with late stage disease. Viral suppression was higher among older persons. The majority had been diagnosed with HIV more than 5 years before death (86.3%). Although the majority of persons infected with HIV who died in 2012 had been diagnosed many years before death, almost half had late stage disease, and there were disparities in late stage disease and viral suppression by race/ethnicity and age. C1 [Hall, H. Irene; Espinoza, Lorena] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Harris, Shericka; Shi, Jing] ICF Int, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hall, HI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM ixh1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0954-0121 EI 1360-0451 J9 AIDS CARE JI Aids Care-Psychol. Socio-Med. Asp. Aids-Hiv PD MAY 3 PY 2016 VL 28 IS 5 BP 574 EP 578 DI 10.1080/09540121.2015.1118428 PG 5 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Respiratory System; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology; Respiratory System; Biomedical Social Sciences GA DI3JR UT WOS:000373395400005 PM 26643945 ER PT J AU Chang, H Lyapustina, T Rutkow, L Daubresse, M Richey, M Faul, M Stuart, EA Alexander, GC AF Chang, H. Lyapustina, T. Rutkow, L. Daubresse, M. Richey, M. Faul, M. Stuart, E. A. Alexander, G. C. TI IMPACT OF STATE LAWS TO REDUCE PRESCRIPTION DRUG ABUSE ON HIGH-RISK OPIOID PRESCRIBERS: A COMPARATIVE INTERRUPTED TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS SO VALUE IN HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chang, H.; Rutkow, L.; Stuart, E. A.; Alexander, G. C.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lyapustina, T.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Daubresse, M.] Johns Hopkins Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Richey, M.] St Olaf Coll, Northfield, MN 55057 USA. [Faul, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1098-3015 EI 1524-4733 J9 VALUE HEALTH JI Value Health PD MAY PY 2016 VL 19 IS 3 MA PMH64 BP A193 EP A193 PG 1 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA EL9HJ UT WOS:000394931000503 ER PT J AU Hung, M Ekwueme, D Rim, SH White, A AF Hung, M. Ekwueme, D. Rim, S. H. White, A. TI EXAMINING RACIAL DISPARITIES IN INVASIVE BREAST CANCER AMONG YOUNGER WOMEN: AN ANALYSIS USING MULTIPLE MEASURES OF POPULATION HEALTH SO VALUE IN HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hung, M.; Ekwueme, D.; Rim, S. H.; White, A.] US CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1098-3015 EI 1524-4733 J9 VALUE HEALTH JI Value Health PD MAY PY 2016 VL 19 IS 3 MA PCN176 BP A165 EP A165 PG 1 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA EL9HJ UT WOS:000394931000347 ER PT J AU Xu, X Asman, K Malarcher, AM Naavaal, S Jamal, A Neff, L Babb, SD AF Xu, X. Asman, K. Malarcher, A. M. Naavaal, S. Jamal, A. Neff, L. Babb, S. D. TI THE COVERAGE OF CESSATION MEDICATIONS AMONG EMPLOYER- SPONSORED INSURANCE: AN ENVIRONMENTAL SCAN BEFORE THE ENACTMENT OF THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT SO VALUE IN HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Xu, X.; Malarcher, A. M.; Naavaal, S.; Jamal, A.; Neff, L.; Babb, S. D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Asman, K.] RTI Int, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1098-3015 EI 1524-4733 J9 VALUE HEALTH JI Value Health PD MAY PY 2016 VL 19 IS 3 MA PRS50 BP A118 EP A118 PG 1 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA EL9HJ UT WOS:000394931000096 ER PT J AU Xu, X Asman, K Babb, SD Malarcher, AM Naavaal, S Schauer, G King, BA AF Xu, X. Asman, K. Babb, S. D. Malarcher, A. M. Naavaal, S. Schauer, G. King, B. A. TI THE COSTS OF CESSATION MEDICATIONS AMONG PRIVATE HEALTH PLANS: AN ENVIRONMENTAL SCAN BEFORE THE ENACTMENT OF THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT SO VALUE IN HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Xu, X.; Babb, S. D.; Malarcher, A. M.; Naavaal, S.; Schauer, G.; King, B. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Asman, K.] RTI Int, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1098-3015 EI 1524-4733 J9 VALUE HEALTH JI Value Health PD MAY PY 2016 VL 19 IS 3 MA PRS22 BP A113 EP A113 PG 1 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA EL9HJ UT WOS:000394931000068 ER PT J AU Hurley, LP Allison, M Cardemil, C Lindley, MC Brtnikova, M Beaty, B Kempe, A AF Hurley, Laura P. Allison, Mandy Cardemil, Cristina Lindley, Megan C. Brtnikova, Michaela Beaty, Brenda Kempe, Allison TI BEHIND THE TIMES: INTERNISTS' USE OF IMMUNIZATION INFORMATION SYSTEMS SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine (SGIM) CY MAY 11-14, 2015-2016 CL Hollywood, FL SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 [Cardemil, Cristina; Lindley, Megan C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hurley, Laura P.; Allison, Mandy; Brtnikova, Michaela; Beaty, Brenda; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado, Aurora, CO USA. [Hurley, Laura P.; Allison, Mandy; Brtnikova, Michaela; Beaty, Brenda; Kempe, Allison] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Aurora, CO USA. [Hurley, Laura P.] Denver Hlth, Denver, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 EI 1525-1497 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 31 SU 2 BP S138 EP S138 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA EI0YL UT WOS:000392201600096 ER PT J AU Singh, BP Sitlinger, A Saber, I Thames, E Beckman, M Reyes, N Schulteis, RD Ortel, T AF Singh, Bhavana P. Sitlinger, Andrea Saber, Ibrahim Thames, Elizabeth Beckman, Michele Reyes, Nimia Schulteis, Ryan D. Ortel, Thomas TI DIRECT ORAL ANTICOAGULANT USAGE IN THE TREATMENT OF VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM ACROSS RACIAL GROUPS IN DURHAM COUNTY, NC SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine (SGIM) CY MAY 11-14, 2015-2016 CL Hollywood, FL SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 [Singh, Bhavana P.; Sitlinger, Andrea; Saber, Ibrahim; Thames, Elizabeth; Ortel, Thomas] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. [Beckman, Michele; Reyes, Nimia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schulteis, Ryan D.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 EI 1525-1497 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 31 SU 2 BP S191 EP S192 PG 2 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA EI0YL UT WOS:000392201600188 ER PT J AU Ekwueme, D Hung, M Guy, G Rim, SH AF Ekwueme, D. Hung, M. Guy, G. Rim, S. H. TI ESTIMATING HEALTH BENEFITS AND LIFETIME ECONOMIC COST-SAVINGS FROM PROMOTING BREASTFEEDING TO PREVENT CHILDHOOD LEUKEMIA IN THE UNITED STATES SO VALUE IN HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ekwueme, D.; Hung, M.; Rim, S. H.] US CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Guy, G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1098-3015 EI 1524-4733 J9 VALUE HEALTH JI Value Health PD MAY PY 2016 VL 19 IS 3 MA PHS26 BP A14 EP A14 PG 1 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA DN2HZ UT WOS:000376886000074 ER PT J AU Lyapustina, T Rutkow, L Chang, H Daubresse, M Ramji, AF Faul, M Stuart, EA Alexander, GC AF Lyapustina, T. Rutkow, L. Chang, H. Daubresse, M. Ramji, A. F. Faul, M. Stuart, E. A. Alexander, G. C. TI EFFECT OF A "PILL MILL" LAW ON OPIOID PRESCRIBING AND UTILIZATION: THE CASE OF TEXAS SO VALUE IN HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lyapustina, T.; Ramji, A. F.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Rutkow, L.; Chang, H.; Stuart, E. A.; Alexander, G. C.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Daubresse, M.] Johns Hopkins Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Faul, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1098-3015 EI 1524-4733 J9 VALUE HEALTH JI Value Health PD MAY PY 2016 VL 19 IS 3 MA PSY84 BP A256 EP A256 PG 1 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA EL9HP UT WOS:000394931600255 ER PT J AU Ran, T Chattopadhyay, S Hahn, R AF Ran, T. Chattopadhyay, S. Hahn, R. TI ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF SCHOOL-BASED HEALTH CENTERS: A COMMUNITY GUIDE SYSTEMATIC REVIEW SO VALUE IN HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ran, T.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Hahn, R.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1098-3015 EI 1524-4733 J9 VALUE HEALTH JI Value Health PD MAY PY 2016 VL 19 IS 3 MA PHS91 BP A25 EP A25 PG 1 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA DN2HZ UT WOS:000376886000137 ER PT J AU Bowden, KE Weigand, MR Peng, YH Cassiday, PK Sammons, S Knipe, K Rowe, LA Loparev, V Sheth, M Weening, K Tondella, ML Williams, MM AF Bowden, Katherine E. Weigand, Michael R. Peng, Yanhui Cassiday, Pamela K. Sammons, Scott Knipe, Kristen Rowe, Lori A. Loparev, Vladimir Sheth, Mili Weening, Keeley Tondella, M. Lucia Williams, Margaret M. TI Genome Structural Diversity among 31 Bordetella pertussis Isolates from Two Recent US Whooping Cough Statewide Epidemics SO MSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Bordetella pertussis; genome rearrangements; optical mapping; pertactin; whole-genome sequencing ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; MINOR FIMBRIAL SUBUNIT; PREVENTING TETANUS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; UNITED-STATES; GENE-ORDER; PERTACTIN; VACCINE; SEQUENCE AB During 2010 and 2012, California and Vermont, respectively, experienced statewide epidemics of pertussis with differences seen in the demographic affected, case clinical presentation, and molecular epidemiology of the circulating strains. To overcome limitations of the current molecular typing methods for pertussis, we utilized whole-genome sequencing to gain a broader understanding of how current circulating strains are causing large epidemics. Through the use of combined next-generation sequencing technologies, this study compared de novo, singlecontig genome assemblies from 31 out of 33 Bordetella pertussis isolates collected during two separate pertussis statewide epidemics and 2 resequenced vaccine strains. Final genome architecture assemblies were verified with whole-genome optical mapping. Sixteen distinct genome rearrangement profiles were observed in epidemic isolate genomes, all of which were distinct from the genome structures of the two resequenced vaccine strains. These rearrangements appear to be mediated by repetitive sequence elements, such as high-copy-number mobile genetic elements and rRNA operons. Additionally, novel and previously identified single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected in 10 virulence-related genes in the epidemic isolates. Whole-genome variation analysis identified state-specific variants, and coding regions bearing nonsynonymous mutations were classified into functional annotated orthologous groups. Comprehensive studies on whole genomes are needed to understand the resurgence of pertussis and develop novel tools to better characterize the molecular epidemiology of evolving B. pertussis populations. IMPORTANCE Pertussis, or whooping cough, is the most poorly controlled vaccine-preventable bacterial disease in the United States, which has experienced a resurgence for more than a decade. Once viewed as a monomorphic pathogen, B. pertussis strains circulating during epidemics exhibit diversity visible on a genome structural level, previously undetectable by traditional sequence analysis using shortread technologies. For the first time, we combine short-and long-read sequencing platforms with restriction optical mapping for single-contig, de novo assembly of 31 isolates to investigate two geographically and temporally independent U. S. pertussis epidemics. These complete genomes reshape our understanding of B. pertussis evolution and strengthen molecular epidemiology toward one day understanding the resurgence of pertussis. C1 [Bowden, Katherine E.; Weigand, Michael R.; Peng, Yanhui; Cassiday, Pamela K.; Tondella, M. Lucia; Williams, Margaret M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sammons, Scott; Knipe, Kristen; Rowe, Lori A.; Loparev, Vladimir; Sheth, Mili] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Div Sci Resources, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weening, Keeley] Vermont Dept Hlth Lab, Burlington, VT USA. EM cux6@cdc.gov OI Weigand, Michael/0000-0002-7278-0160; Bowden, Katherine/0000-0002-7877-8205 NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 2379-5042 J9 MSPHERE JI mSphere PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 1 IS 3 AR e00036-16 DI 10.1128/mSphere.00036-16 PG 15 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA EI6DL UT WOS:000392585100002 ER PT J AU Li, Y Metcalf, BJ Chochua, S Li, ZY Gertz, RE Walker, H Hawkins, PA Tran, T Whitney, CG Mcgee, L Beall, BW AF Li, Yuan Metcalf, Benjamin J. Chochua, Sopio Li, Zhongya Gertz, Robert E., Jr. Walker, Hollis Hawkins, Paulina A. Tran, Theresa Whitney, Cynthia G. Mcgee, Lesley Beall, Bernard W. CA Active Bacterial Core Surveillance TI Penicillin-Binding Protein Transpeptidase Signatures for Tracking and Predicting beta-Lactam Resistance Levels in Streptococcus pneumoniae SO MBIO LA English DT Article ID PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; UNITED-STATES; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GENETICS; DISEASE; 2X; DETERMINANTS; SURVEILLANCE; ANTIBIOTICS AB beta-Lactam antibiotics are the drugs of choice to treat pneumococcal infections. The spread of beta-lactam-resistant pneumococci is a major concern in choosing an effective therapy for patients. Systematically tracking beta-lactam resistance could benefit disease surveillance. Here we developed a classification system in which a pneumococcal isolate is assigned to a "PBP type" based on sequence signatures in the transpeptidase domains (TPDs) of the three critical penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), PBP1a, PBP2b, and PBP2x. We identified 307 unique PBP types from 2,528 invasive pneumococcal isolates, which had known MICs to six beta-lactams based on broth microdilution. We found that increased beta-lactam MICs strongly correlated with PBP types containing divergent TPD sequences. The PBP type explained 94 to 99% of variation in MICs both before and after accounting for genomic backgrounds defined by multilocus sequence typing, indicating that genomic backgrounds made little independent contribution to beta-lactam MICs at the population level. We further developed and evaluated predictive models of MICs based on PBP type. Compared to microdilution MICs, MICs predicted by PBP type showed essential agreement (MICs agree within 1 dilution) of >98%, category agreement (interpretive results agree) of >94%, a major discrepancy (sensitive isolate predicted as resistant) rate of <3%, and a very major discrepancy (resistant isolate predicted as sensitive) rate of <2% for all six beta-lactams. Thus, the PBP transpeptidase signatures are robust indicators of MICs to different beta-lactam antibiotics in clinical pneumococcal isolates and serve as an accurate alternative to phenotypic susceptibility testing. IMPORTANCE The human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. beta-Lactam antibiotics such as penicillin and ceftriaxone are the drugs of choice to treat pneumococcal infections. Some pneumococcal strains have developed beta-lactam resistance through altering their penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) and have become a major concern in choosing effective patient therapy. To systematically track and predict beta-lactam resistance, we obtained the sequence signatures of PBPs from a large collection of clinical pneumococcal isolates using whole-genome sequencing data and found that these "PBP types" were predictive of resistance levels. Our findings can benefit the current era of strain surveillance when whole-genome sequencing data often lacks detailed resistance information. Using PBP positions that we found are always substituted within highly resistant strains may lead to further refinements. Sequence-based predictions are accurate and may lead to the ability to extract critical resistance information from nonculturable clinical specimens. C1 [Li, Yuan; Metcalf, Benjamin J.; Chochua, Sopio; Li, Zhongya; Gertz, Robert E., Jr.; Walker, Hollis; Hawkins, Paulina A.; Tran, Theresa; Whitney, Cynthia G.; Mcgee, Lesley; Beall, Bernard W.; Active Bacterial Core Surveillance] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis,US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Li, Y (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis,US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM yqh8@cdc.gov FU Wellcome Trust; CDC's Advanced Molecular Detection (AMD) initiative; CDC's Emerging Infection Program; Gates Foundation [OPP1034556]; Sanger Institute core grant (Welcome Trust) [098051] FX This publication made use of the Streptococcus pneumoniae MLST website (http://pubmlst.org/spneumoniae/) at the University of Oxford (K. A. Jolley and M. C. J. Maiden, BMC Bioinformatics 11:595, 2010, http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-11-595). The development of this site has been funded by the Wellcome Trust.; Major funding for this work was provided through support from CDC's Advanced Molecular Detection (AMD) initiative and CDC's Emerging Infection Program. We thank Stephen Bentley and Rebecca Gladstone from the Welcome Trust Sanger Institute. ABCs isolates recovered during 1998 to 2012 were sequenced by the Sanger Institute with funding from the Gates Foundation grant OPP1034556 to Emory University and the Sanger Institute core grant (Welcome Trust Grant 098051). NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 2150-7511 J9 MBIO JI mBio PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 7 IS 3 AR e00756-16 DI 10.1128/mBio.00756-16 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DW1YP UT WOS:000383440300060 ER PT J AU Leshem, E Gastanaduy, PA Trivedi, T Halpin, AL Pringle, J Lang, F Gregoricus, N Vinje, J Behravesh, CB Parashar, U Hall, AJ AF Leshem, Eyal Gastanaduy, Paul A. Trivedi, Tarak Halpin, Alison Laufer Pringle, Jeshua Lang, Francine Gregoricus, Nicole Vinje, Jan Behravesh, Casey Barton Parashar, Umesh Hall, Aron J. TI Norovirus in a United States virgin islands resort: outbreak investigation, response, and costs SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Norovirus; outbreak; resort; indirect cost; US virgin islands ID ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; CRUISE SHIPS; SURVEILLANCE; TRAVELERS; DIARRHEA; VACCINE AB Background: During 8-20 April 2012, an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness occurred among guests and employees of a resort hotel in St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands. We describe outbreak characteristics, and estimate indirect (non-medical) costs to travellers. Methods: Employees who met the case definition were interviewed and provided stool samples. Samples were tested for norovirus by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Guests were asked to complete a survey aimed to identify and characterize cases, and to estimate quality adjusted vacation days (QAVD) lost. Results: Overall, 66 persons (20 employees and 46 guests) met the probable case definition. The first reported illness onset occurred in a hotel employee on 8 April, while the first reported onset in a guest occurred on 13 April. An employee suffered a public diarrhoea incident on 13 April in the central kitchen, followed by illness onset in the next day among employees that assisted with the clean-up. On 15 April, after 10 guests reported ill, the hotel implemented an outbreak response protocol instructing ill employees to take a 3-day leave, and obtain medical clearance prior to resuming work. Ill guests were advised to self-isolate, and rapid cleaning of public areas and guest rooms where suspected contamination occurred was implemented. We estimated that 65 QAVDs were lost by 43 guests (1.5 days/guest). Using an approximate cost of $450 per vacation day, we estimated indirect illness cost at $675 per guest case. Seven (64%) of 11 cases' stool specimens were positive for norovirus genotype GII.4 Den Haag. Conclusions: A norovirus outbreak in a resort hotel resulted in substantial indirect costs and loss of vacation days to ill travellers. We recommend outbreak control measures including exclusion of ill employees, until a parts per thousand yen48-72 h after resolution of symptoms, self-isolation of ill guests and appropriate cleaning in hotel-associated norovirus outbreaks. C1 [Leshem, Eyal; Gastanaduy, Paul A.; Trivedi, Tarak; Gregoricus, Nicole; Vinje, Jan; Parashar, Umesh; Hall, Aron J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Leshem, Eyal; Gastanaduy, Paul A.; Halpin, Alison Laufer] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Leshem, Eyal] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Fac Med, Sheba Med Ctr, Internal Med C, Tel Aviv, Israel. [Trivedi, Tarak; Pringle, Jeshua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC Experience Appl Epidemiol Fellowship, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Halpin, Alison Laufer; Behravesh, Casey Barton] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lang, Francine] US Virgin Islands Dept Hlth, St Thomas, VI USA. RP Leshem, E; Trivedi, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.; Leshem, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.; Leshem, E (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Fac Med, Sheba Med Ctr, Internal Med C, Tel Aviv, Israel.; Trivedi, T; Pringle, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC Experience Appl Epidemiol Fellowship, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. EM leshem@gmail.com RI Laufer Halpin, Alison/E-5453-2015; OI Laufer Halpin, Alison/0000-0003-1643-1617; Leshem, Eyal/0000-0003-1267-6131 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1195-1982 EI 1708-8305 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 23 IS 5 AR taw040 DI 10.1093/jtm/taw040 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DV9MN UT WOS:000383264700010 ER PT J AU Lindsey, NP Rabe, IB Miller, ER Fischer, M Staples, JE AF Lindsey, Nicole P. Rabe, Ingrid B. Miller, Elaine R. Fischer, Marc Staples, J. Erin TI Adverse event reports following yellow fever vaccination, 2007-13 SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Yellow fever; vaccine; adverse event; VAERS ID IMMUNIZATION SAFETY DATA; CASE DEFINITIONS; VISCEROTROPIC DISEASE; NEUROTROPIC DISEASE; ADVANCED AGE; RISK-FACTOR; GUIDELINES; COLLECTION; IMMUNOGENICITY; ANAPHYLAXIS AB Background: Yellow fever (YF) vaccines have been available since the 1930s and are generally considered safe and effective. However, rare reports of serious adverse events (SAE) following vaccination have prompted the Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices to periodically expand the list of conditions considered contraindications and precautions to vaccination. Methods: We describe adverse events following YF vaccination reported to the U.S. Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) from 2007 through 2013 and calculate age- and sex-specific reporting rates of all SAE, anaphylaxis, YF vaccine-associated neurologic disease (YEL-AND) and YF vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease (YEL-AVD). Results: There were 938 adverse events following YF vaccination reported to VAERS from 2007 through 2013. Of these, 84 (9%) were classified as SAEs for a rate of 3.8 per 100 000 doses distributed. Reporting rates of SAEs increased with increasing age with a rate of 6.5 per 100 000 in persons aged 60-69 years and 10.3 for a parts per thousand yen70 years. The reporting rate for anaphylaxis was 1.3 per 100 000 doses distributed and was highest in persons a parts per thousand currency sign18 years (2.7 per 100 000). Reporting rates of YEL-AND and YEL-AVD were 0.8 and 0.3 per 100 000 doses distributed, respectively; both rates increased with increasing age. Conclusions: These findings reinforce the generally acceptable safety profile of YF vaccine, but highlight the importance of continued physician and traveller education regarding the risks and benefits of YF vaccination, particularly for older travellers. C1 [Lindsey, Nicole P.; Rabe, Ingrid B.; Fischer, Marc; Staples, J. Erin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Miller, Elaine R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lindsey, NP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM nplindsey@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1195-1982 EI 1708-8305 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 23 IS 5 AR taw045 DI 10.1093/jtm/taw045 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DV9MN UT WOS:000383264700005 ER PT J AU Brady, AM Walter, EB Markowitz, LE Unger, ER Panicker, G AF Brady, Allison M. Walter, Emmanuel B. Markowitz, Lauri E. Unger, Elizabeth R. Panicker, Gitika TI Delayed dosing intervals for quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine do not reduce antibody avidity SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists (AAI) CY MAY 13-17, 2016 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [Brady, Allison M.; Markowitz, Lauri E.; Unger, Elizabeth R.; Panicker, Gitika] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Walter, Emmanuel B.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Durham, NC 27706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 196 SU 1 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA DS0LX UT WOS:000380288302012 ER PT J AU Eko, F Pais, R Omosun, Y He, Q Blas-Machado, U Igietseme, JU Fujihashi, K AF Eko, Francis Pais, Roshan Omosun, Yusuf He, Qing Blas-Machado, Uriel Igietseme, Joseph U. Fujihashi, Kohtaro TI Immunization with a VCG-based vaccine protects against Chlamydia-induced infertility in the mouse genital infection model SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists (AAI) CY MAY 13-17, 2016 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [Eko, Francis; Pais, Roshan; Omosun, Yusuf; He, Qing] Morehouse Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Blas-Machado, Uriel] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Igietseme, Joseph U.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fujihashi, Kohtaro] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 196 SU 1 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA DS0LX UT WOS:000380288302203 ER PT J AU Kohlmeier, A Haddad, L Haaland, R Lupo, D Ofotokun, I Hart, C Kohlmeier, JE AF Kohlmeier, Alison Haddad, Lisa Haaland, Richard Lupo, Davis Ofotokun, Igho Hart, Clyde Kohlmeier, Jacob E. TI Distinct migratory phenotypes of luminal CD4 T cell subsets in the female genital tract SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists (AAI) CY MAY 13-17, 2016 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [Kohlmeier, Alison; Haaland, Richard; Lupo, Davis; Hart, Clyde] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Haddad, Lisa; Ofotokun, Igho; Kohlmeier, Jacob E.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 196 SU 1 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA DS0LX UT WOS:000380288300307 ER PT J AU Marshall, NB Lukomska, E Long, CM Anderson, S AF Marshall, Nikki B. Lukomska, Ewa Long, Carrie Mae Anderson, Stacey TI Dermal exposure to the antimicrobial triclosan affects the gut microbiome and augments Th2 allergic responses mediated through Toll -like receptor 4 SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists (AAI) CY MAY 13-17, 2016 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [Marshall, Nikki B.; Lukomska, Ewa; Anderson, Stacey] CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Long, Carrie Mae] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 196 SU 1 PG 2 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA DS0LX UT WOS:000380288300034 ER PT J AU McKeithen, DN Omosun, Y Ryans, K Simoneaux, T Ananaba, G Eko, F Black, C Igietseme, J Blas-Machado, U He, Q AF McKeithen, Danielle N. Omosun, Yusuf Ryans, Khamia Simoneaux, Tankya Ananaba, Godwin Eko, Francis Black, Carolyn Igietseme, Joseph Blas-Machado, Uriel He, Qing TI The emerging role of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) in dendritic cell metabolism and function SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists (AAI) CY MAY 13-17, 2016 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [McKeithen, Danielle N.; Omosun, Yusuf; Ryans, Khamia; Simoneaux, Tankya; Eko, Francis; Igietseme, Joseph; He, Qing] Morehouse Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [McKeithen, Danielle N.; Ryans, Khamia; Ananaba, Godwin] Clark Atlanta Univ, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. [Black, Carolyn] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Blas-Machado, Uriel] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 196 SU 1 MA 62.8 PG 2 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA DS0LX UT WOS:000380288301172 ER PT J AU Russell, RS Igietseme, JU Eko, FO AF Russell, Raedeen Sherilee Igietseme, Joseph U. Eko, Francis O. TI Exosomes: A possible mechanism for the development of Chlamydia-induced upper genital tract pathology SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists (AAI) CY MAY 13-17, 2016 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [Russell, Raedeen Sherilee; Eko, Francis O.] Morehouse Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Igietseme, Joseph U.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 196 SU 1 MA 66.4 PG 2 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA DS0LX UT WOS:000380288301023 ER PT J AU Vong, AM Marshall, NB Kuang, V Swain, SL AF Vong, Allen M. Marshall, Nikki B. Kuang, Vi Swain, Susan L. TI ThCTL expressing NKG2A/C/E represent a unique CD4 cytotoxic effector subset SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists (AAI) CY MAY 13-17, 2016 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [Vong, Allen M.; Kuang, Vi; Swain, Susan L.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Marshall, Nikki B.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 196 SU 1 PG 2 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA DS0LX UT WOS:000380288303082 ER PT J AU Hsieh, MC Thompson, T Wu, XC Styles, T O'Flarity, MB Morris, CR Chen, VW AF Hsieh, Mei-Chin Thompson, Trevor Wu, Xiao-Cheng Styles, Timothy O'Flarity, Mary B. Morris, Cyllene R. Chen, Vivien W. TI The effect of comorbidity on the use of adjuvant chemotherapy and type of regimen for curatively resected stage III colon cancer patients SO CANCER MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Adjuvant chemotherapy; chemotherapy regimen; colon cancer; comorbidity; treatment ID COLORECTAL-CANCER; ELDERLY-PATIENTS; POOLED ANALYSIS; OLDER PATIENTS; AGE; FLUOROURACIL; THERAPY; SURVIVAL; OXALIPLATIN; LEUCOVORIN AB Postsurgical chemotherapy is guideline-recommended therapy for stage III colon cancer patients. Factors associated with patients not receiving adjuvant chemotherapy were identified in numerous studies; comorbidity was recognized as an important factor besides patient's age. We assessed the association between comorbidity and the use of adjuvant chemotherapy and type of chemotherapy regimen. Stage III colon cancer patients who underwent surgical resection were obtained from ten Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-NPCR Specialized Registries which participated in the Comparative Effectiveness Research (CER) project. Comorbidity was classified into no comorbidity recorded, Charlson, non-Charlson comorbidities, number, and severity of Charlson comorbidity. Pearson chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression were employed. Of 3180 resected stage III colon cancer patients, 64% received adjuvant chemotherapy. After adjusting for patient's demographic and tumor characteristics, there were no significant differences in receipt of chemotherapy between Charlson and non-Charlson comorbidity. However, patients who had two or more Charlson comorbidities or had moderate to severe disease were significantly less likely to have chemotherapy (ORs 0.69 [95% CI, 0.51-0.92] and 0.62 [95% CI, 0.42-0.91], respectively) when compared with those with non-Charlson comorbidity. In addition, those with moderate or severe comorbidities were more likely to receive single chemotherapy agent (P < 0.0001). Capecitabine and FOLFOX were the most common single-and multi-agent regimens regardless of type of comorbidity grouping. Both the number and severity of comorbidity were significantly associated with receipt of guideline-recommended chemotherapy and type of agent in stage III resected colon cancer patients. Better personalized care based on individual patient's condition ought to be recognized. C1 [Hsieh, Mei-Chin; Wu, Xiao-Cheng; O'Flarity, Mary B.; Chen, Vivien W.] Louisiana State Univ, Louisiana Tumor Registry, 2020 Gravier St,3rd Floor, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Hsieh, Mei-Chin; Wu, Xiao-Cheng; O'Flarity, Mary B.; Chen, Vivien W.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Program Epidemiol, 2020 Gravier St,3rd Floor, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Thompson, Trevor; Styles, Timothy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Canc Surveillance Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Morris, Cyllene R.] Calif Canc Registry, Inst Publ Hlth, Sacramento, CA USA. RP Hsieh, MC (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Louisiana Tumor Registry, 2020 Gravier St,3rd Floor, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA.; Hsieh, MC (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Program Epidemiol, 2020 Gravier St,3rd Floor, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. EM mhsieh@lsuhsc.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U58DP000807, U58DP003915] FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (Grant/Award Number: 'U58DP000807','U58DP003915'). NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7634 J9 CANCER MED-US JI Cancer Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 5 IS 5 BP 871 EP 880 DI 10.1002/cam4.632 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA DR6YQ UT WOS:000380047600011 PM 26773804 ER PT J AU Cisternas, MG Murphy, L Sacks, JJ Solomon, DH Pasta, DJ Helmick, CG AF Cisternas, Miriam G. Murphy, Louise Sacks, Jeffrey J. Solomon, Daniel H. Pasta, David J. Helmick, Charles G. TI Alternative Methods for Defining Osteoarthritis and the Impact on Estimating Prevalence in a US Population-Based Survey SO ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SYMPTOMATIC KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; GENERAL-POPULATION; PREDICTIVE-VALUE; CLINICAL VALIDATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HIP; QUESTIONNAIRE; DIAGNOSES; ARTHRITIS; RISK AB Objective. Provide a contemporary estimate of osteoarthritis (OA) by comparing the accuracy and prevalence of alternative definitions of OA. Methods. The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) household component (HC) records respondent-reported medical conditions as open-ended responses; professional coders translate these responses into International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes for the medical conditions files. Using these codes and other data from the MEPS-HC medical conditions files, we constructed 3 case definitions of OA and assessed them against medical provider diagnoses of ICD-9-CM 715 (osteoarthrosis and allied disorders) in a MEPS subsample. The 3 definitions were 1) strict=ICD-9-CM 715; 2) expanded=ICD-9-CM 715, 716 (other and unspecified arthropathies) OR 719 (other and unspecified disorders of joint); and 3) probable=strict OR expanded+respondent-reported prior diagnosis of OA or other arthritis excluding rheumatoid arthritis. Results. Sensitivity and specificity of the 3 definitions, respectively, were 34.6% and 97.5% for strict, 73.8% and 90.5% for expanded, and 62.9% and 93.5% for probable. Conclusion. The strict definition for OA (ICD-9-CM 715) excludes many individuals with OA. The probable definition of OA has the optimal combination of sensitivity and specificity relative to the 2 other MEPS-based definitions and yields a national annual estimate of 30.8 million adults with OA (13.4% of US adult population) for 2008-2011. C1 [Cisternas, Miriam G.] MGC Data Serv, Suite 108A 194,300 Carlsbad Village Dr, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA. [Murphy, Louise; Helmick, Charles G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sacks, Jeffrey J.] Sue Binder Consulting Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Solomon, Daniel H.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Pasta, David J.] DMA Corp, Palo Alto, CA USA. RP Cisternas, MG (reprint author), MGC Data Serv, Suite 108A 194,300 Carlsbad Village Dr, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA. EM Miriam@mgcdata.com FU CDC [200-2009-M-32656, 200-2010-M-3603, 200-2012-M-51533, 200-2013-M-56817]; National Association of Chronic Disease Directors [0612011, 095213, 2212013] FX Ms Cisternas's work was supported by the CDC (contracts 200-2009-M-32656, 200-2010-M-3603, 200-2012-M-51533, and 200-2013-M-56817). Dr. Sacks and Mr. Pasta's work was supported by the National Association of Chronic Disease Directors (contracts 0612011 and 095213 to Dr. Sacks, and 2212013 to Mr. Pasta). NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2151-464X EI 2151-4658 J9 ARTHRIT CARE RES JI Arthritis Care Res. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 68 IS 5 BP 574 EP 580 DI 10.1002/acr.22721 PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA DQ9UC UT WOS:000379553800002 PM 26315529 ER PT J AU Guo, M Mishra, A Buchanan, RL Dubey, JP Hill, DE Gamble, HR Jones, JL Du, XZ Pradhan, AK AF Guo, Miao Mishra, Abhinav Buchanan, Robert L. Dubey, Jitender P. Hill, Dolores E. Gamble, H. Ray Jones, Jeffrey L. Du, Xianzhi Pradhan, Abani K. TI Development of Dose-Response Models to Predict the Relationship for Human Toxoplasma gondii Infection Associated with Meat Consumption SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Dose-response; human infection; meat; quantitative microbial risk assessment; Toxoplasma gondii ID INDUCED MURINE TOXOPLASMOSIS; UNITED-STATES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; OCULAR TOXOPLASMOSIS; EXPERT ELICITATION; STAGE CONVERSION; OOCYSTS; MICE; BRADYZOITES AB Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that is responsible for approximately 24% of deaths attributed to foodborne pathogens in the United States. It is thought that a substantial portion of human T. gondii infections is acquired through the consumption of meats. The dose-response relationship for human exposures to T. gondii-infected meat is unknown because no human data are available. The goal of this study was to develop and validate dose-response models based on animal studies, and to compute scaling factors so that animal-derived models can predict T. gondii infection in humans. Relevant studies in literature were collected and appropriate studies were selected based on animal species, stage, genotype of T. gondii, and route of infection. Data were pooled and fitted to four sigmoidal-shaped mathematical models, and model parameters were estimated using maximum likelihood estimation. Data from a mouse study were selected to develop the dose-response relationship. Exponential and beta-Poisson models, which predicted similar responses, were selected as reasonable dose-response models based on their simplicity, biological plausibility, and goodness fit. A confidence interval of the parameter was determined by constructing 10,000 bootstrap samples. Scaling factors were computed by matching the predicted infection cases with the epidemiological data. Mouse-derived models were validated against data for the dose-infection relationship in rats. A human dose-response model was developed as P (d) = 1-exp (-0.0015 x 0.005 x d) or P (d) = 1-(1 + d x 0.003 / 582.414)(-1.479). Both models predict the human response after consuming T. gondii-infected meats, and provide an enhanced risk characterization in a quantitative microbial risk assessment model for this pathogen. C1 [Guo, Miao; Mishra, Abhinav; Buchanan, Robert L.; Pradhan, Abani K.] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Buchanan, Robert L.; Pradhan, Abani K.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Food Safety & Secur Syst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Dubey, Jitender P.; Hill, Dolores E.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Gamble, H. Ray] Natl Acad Sci, 2101 Constitut Ave Nw, Washington, DC 20418 USA. [Jones, Jeffrey L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Du, Xianzhi] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Pradhan, AK (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM akp@umd.edu OI Mishra, Abhinav/0000-0001-9214-0745 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Agriculture and Food Research Initiative [2012-67005-19611] FX This work was supported through a grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (award 2012-67005-19611). Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 36 IS 5 BP 926 EP 938 DI 10.1111/risa.12500 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA DR2MF UT WOS:000379737900009 PM 26477997 ER PT J AU Lynch, MM Amoozegar, J Mcclure, EM Squiers, LB Broussard, CS Lind, JN Polen, KN Frey, MT Gilboa, SM Biermann, J AF Lynch, M. M. Amoozegar, J. Mcclure, E. M. Squiers, L. B. Broussard, C. S. Lind, J. N. Polen, K. N. Frey, M. T. Gilboa, S. M. Biermann, J. TI Improving Safe Use of Medications during Pregnancy: The Roles of Patients, Physicians, and Pharmacists SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lynch, M. M.; Amoozegar, J.; Mcclure, E. M.; Squiers, L. B.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Broussard, C. S.; Lind, J. N.; Polen, K. N.; Frey, M. T.; Gilboa, S. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Biermann, J.] March Dimes Fdn, White Plains, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 106 IS 5 SI SI MA S11 BP 357 EP 357 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA DQ2HT UT WOS:000379024100017 ER PT J AU Arnold, KE AF Arnold, K. E. TI Increasing Prevalence of Gastroschisis Worldwide SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Arnold, K. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 106 IS 5 SI SI MA S31 BP 367 EP 367 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA DQ2HT UT WOS:000379024100037 ER PT J AU Rasmussen, SA AF Rasmussen, S. A. TI Genetic and Nongenetic Risk Factors for Gastroschisis SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Rasmussen, S. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Norcross, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 106 IS 5 SI SI MA S33 BP 368 EP 368 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA DQ2HT UT WOS:000379024100039 ER PT J AU Honein, M Jamieson, DJ AF Honein, M. Jamieson, D. J. TI Exploring the Link between Zika Virus and Adverse Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Honein, M.; Jamieson, D. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 56 U2 56 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 106 IS 5 SI SI MA SR2 BP 376 EP 376 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA DQ2HT UT WOS:000379024100057 ER PT J AU Broussard, CS Tinker, SC Reefhuis, J AF Broussard, C. S. Tinker, S. C. Reefhuis, J. TI BD-STEPS: The Next Generation of Birth Defects Research SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Broussard, C. S.; Tinker, S. C.; Reefhuis, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 106 IS 5 SI SI MA W9 BP 381 EP 381 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA DQ2HT UT WOS:000379024100066 ER PT J AU Currier, MG Lee, S Stobart, CC Hotard, AL Villenave, R Meng, J Pretto, CD Shields, MD Nguyen, MT Todd, SO Chi, MH Hammonds, J Krumm, SA Spearman, P Plemper, RK Sakamoto, K Peebles, RS Power, UF Moore, ML AF Currier, Michael G. Lee, Sujin Stobart, Christopher C. Hotard, Anne L. Villenave, Remi Meng, Jia Pretto, Carla D. Shields, Michael D. Nguyen, Minh Trang Todd, Sean O. Chi, Michael H. Hammonds, Jason Krumm, Stefanie A. Spearman, Paul Plemper, Richard K. Sakamoto, Kaori Peebles, R. Stokes, Jr. Power, Ultan F. Moore, Martin L. TI EGFR Interacts with the Fusion Protein of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Strain 2-20 and Mediates Infection and Mucin Expression SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; IN-VITRO; ATTACHMENT GLYCOPROTEIN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; CELLULAR RECEPTOR; MEMBRANE-FUSION; MUC5AC; IDENTIFICATION; DOMAIN AB Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major cause of viral lower respiratory tract illness in children. In contrast to the RSV prototypic strain A2, clinical isolate RSV 2-20 induces airway mucin expression in mice, a clinically relevant phenotype dependent on the fusion (F) protein of the RSV strain. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a role in airway mucin expression in other systems; therefore, we hypothesized that the RSV 2-20 F protein stimulates EGFR signaling. Infection of cells with chimeric strains RSV A2-2-20F and A2-220GF or over-expression of 2-20 F protein resulted in greater phosphorylation of EGFR than infection with RSV A2 or over-expression of A2 F, respectively. Chemical inhibition of EGFR signaling or knockdown of EGFR resulted in diminished infectivity of RSV A2-2-20F but not RSV A2. Over-expression of EGFR enhanced the fusion activity of 2-20 F protein in trans. EGFR co-immunoprecipitated most efficiently with RSV F proteins derived from "mucogenic" strains. RSV 2-20 F and EGFR co-localized in H292 cells, and A2-2-20GF-induced MUC5AC expression was ablated by EGFR inhibitors in these cells. Treatment of BALB/c mice with the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib significantly reduced the amount of RSV A2-2-20F-induced airway mucin expression. Our results demonstrate that RSV F interacts with EGFR in a strain-specific manner, EGFR is a co-factor for infection, and EGFR plays a role in RSV-induced mucin expression, suggesting EGFR is a potential target for RSV disease. C1 [Currier, Michael G.; Lee, Sujin; Stobart, Christopher C.; Hotard, Anne L.; Meng, Jia; Pretto, Carla D.; Nguyen, Minh Trang; Todd, Sean O.; Hammonds, Jason; Spearman, Paul; Moore, Martin L.] Emory Univ, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Currier, Michael G.; Lee, Sujin; Stobart, Christopher C.; Hotard, Anne L.; Meng, Jia; Pretto, Carla D.; Nguyen, Minh Trang; Todd, Sean O.; Hammonds, Jason; Moore, Martin L.] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Villenave, Remi; Shields, Michael D.; Power, Ultan F.] Queens Univ Belfast, Ctr Infect & Immun, Sch Med Dent & Biomed Sci, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland. [Shields, Michael D.] Royal Belfast Hosp Sick Children, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland. [Chi, Michael H.; Peebles, R. Stokes, Jr.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Div Allergy Pulm & Crit Care Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Krumm, Stefanie A.; Plemper, Richard K.] Georgia State Univ, Inst Biomed Sci, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Sakamoto, Kaori] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hotard, Anne L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Villenave, Remi] Harvard Univ, Wyss Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Meng, Jia] Alios Biopharma, San Francisco, CA USA. [Pretto, Carla D.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Chi, Michael H.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Nashville, TN USA. [Krumm, Stefanie A.] Kings Coll London, Dept Infect Dis, London, England. RP Moore, ML (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.; Moore, ML (reprint author), Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM martin.moore@emory.edu OI Hammonds, Jason/0000-0002-1649-9008 FU NIH [1R01AI087798, 1U19AI095227] FX This work was supported by grants from NIH for MLM (1R01AI087798) and RSP (1U19AI095227). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 64 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7366 EI 1553-7374 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 12 IS 5 AR e1005622 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005622 PG 22 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA DQ6VV UT WOS:000379344500030 PM 27152417 ER PT J AU John, KA Cogswell, ME Campbell, NR Nowson, CA Legetic, B Hennis, AJM Patel, SM AF John, Katherine A. Cogswell, Mary E. Campbell, Norm R. Nowson, Caryl A. Legetic, Branka Hennis, Anselm J. M. Patel, Sheena M. TI Accuracy and Usefulness of Select Methods for Assessing Complete Collection of 24-Hour Urine: A Systematic Review SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION LA English DT Review ID AMINO BENZOIC-ACID; CREATININE EXCRETION; 4-AMINOBENZOIC ACID; SODIUM-INTAKE; SALT INTAKE; POTASSIUM; POPULATION; MARKER; CONSTANCY; OUTPUT AB Twenty-four-hour urine collection is the recommended method for estimating sodium intake. To investigate the strengths and limitations of methods used to assess completion of 24-hour urine collection, the authors systematically reviewed the literature on the accuracy and usefulness of methods vs para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) recovery (referent). The percentage of incomplete collections, based on PABA, was 6% to 47% (n=8 studies). The sensitivity and specificity for identifying incomplete collection using creatinine criteria (n=4 studies) was 6% to 63% and 57% to 99.7%, respectively. The most sensitive method for removing incomplete collections was a creatinine index <0.7. In pooled analysis (>= 2 studies), mean urine creatinine excretion and volume were higher among participants with complete collection (P<.05); whereas, self-reported collection time did not differ by completion status. Compared with participants with incomplete collection, mean 24-hour sodium excretion was 19.6 mmol higher (n=1781 specimens, 5 studies) in patients with complete collection. Sodium excretion may be underestimated by inclusion of incomplete 24-hour urine collections. None of the current approaches reliably assess completion of 24-hour urine collection. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [John, Katherine A.; Cogswell, Mary E.; Patel, Sheena M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Campbell, Norm R.] Univ Calgary, OBrien Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Med, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Campbell, Norm R.] Univ Calgary, OBrien Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Campbell, Norm R.] Univ Calgary, OBrien Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Campbell, Norm R.] Univ Calgary, Libin Cardiovasc Inst Alberta, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Nowson, Caryl A.] Deakin Univ, Sch Exercise & Nutr Sci, Ctr Phys Act & Nutr Res, Burwood, Vic, Australia. [Legetic, Branka; Hennis, Anselm J. M.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Dept Noncommunicable Dis & Mental Hlth, Unit Noncommunicable Dis & Disabil, Washington, DC USA. RP John, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,NE MS F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM yfr6@cdc.gov OI John, Katherine/0000-0002-6816-4867 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, and was supported by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the CDC administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an inter-agency agreement between the Department of Energy and the CDC. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1524-6175 EI 1751-7176 J9 J CLIN HYPERTENS JI J. Clin. Hypertens. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 18 IS 5 BP 456 EP 467 DI 10.1111/jch.12763 PG 12 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA DP3TL UT WOS:000378418200017 PM 26726000 ER PT J AU Sarquis, LMM Coggon, D Ntani, G Walker-Bone, K Palmer, KT Felli, VE Harari, R Barrero, LH Felknor, SA Gimeno, D Cattrell, A Vargas-Prada, S Bonzini, M Solidaki, E Merisalu, E Habib, RR Sadeghian, F Kadir, MM Warnakulasuriya, SSP Matsudaira, K Nyantumbu, B Sim, MR Harcombe, H Cox, K Marziale, MH Harari, F Freire, R Harari, N Monroy, MV Quintana, LA Rojas, M Harris, EC Serra, C Martinez, JM Delclos, G Benavides, FG Carugno, M Ferrario, MM Pesatori, AC Chatzi, L Bitsios, P Kogevinas, M Oha, K Freimann, T Sadeghian, A Peiris-John, RJ Sathiakumar, N Wickremasinghe, AR Yoshimura, N Kelsall, HL Hoe, VCW Urquhart, DM Derrett, S McBride, D Herbison, P Gray, A Vega, EJS AF Sarquis, Leila M. M. Coggon, David Ntani, Georgia Walker-Bone, Karen Palmer, Keith T. Felli, Vanda E. Harari, Raul Barrero, Lope H. Felknor, Sarah A. Gimeno, David Cattrell, Anna Vargas-Prada, Sergio Bonzini, Matteo Solidaki, Eleni Merisalu, Eda Habib, Rima R. Sadeghian, Farideh Kadir, M. Masood Warnakulasuriya, Sudath S. P. Matsudaira, Ko Nyantumbu, Busisiwe Sim, Malcolm R. Harcombe, Helen Cox, Ken Marziale, Maria H. Harari, Florencia Freire, Rocio Harari, Natalia Monroy, Magda V. Quintana, Leonardo A. Rojas, Marianela Harris, E. Clare Serra, Consol Martinez, J. Miguel Delclos, George Benavides, Fernando G. Carugno, Michele Ferrario, Marco M. Pesatori, Angela C. Chatzi, Leda Bitsios, Panos Kogevinas, Manolis Oha, Kristel Freimann, Tiina Sadeghian, Ali Peiris-John, Roshini J. Sathiakumar, Nalini Wickremasinghe, A. Rajitha Yoshimura, Noriko Kelsall, Helen L. Hoe, Victor C. W. Urquhart, Donna M. Derrett, Sarah McBride, David Herbison, Peter Gray, Andrew Vega, Eduardo J. Salazar TI Classification of neck/shoulder pain in epidemiological research: a comparison of personal and occupational characteristics, disability, and prognosis among 12,195 workers from 18 countries SO PAIN LA English DT Article DE Neck pain; Shoulder pain; Diagnostic classification; Case definition; Disability; Associations; Prognosis ID PSYCHOSOCIAL RISK-FACTORS; NONSPECIFIC NECK PAIN; NEW-ZEALAND NURSES; MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN; OFFICE WORKERS; POSTAL WORKERS; DISORDERS; PREVALENCE; POPULATION; SYMPTOMS AB To inform case definition for neck/shoulder pain in epidemiological research, we compared levels of disability, patterns of association, and prognosis for pain that was limited to the neck or shoulders (LNSP) and more generalised musculoskeletal pain that involved the neck or shoulder(s) (GPNS). Baseline data on musculoskeletal pain, disability, and potential correlates were collected by questionnaire from 12,195 workers in 47 occupational groups (mostly office workers, nurses, and manual workers) in 18 countries (response rate 5 70%). Continuing pain after a mean interval of 14 months was ascertained through a follow-up questionnaire in 9150 workers from 45 occupational groups. Associations with personal and occupational factors were assessed by Poisson regression and summarised by prevalence rate ratios (PRRs). The 1-month prevalence of GPNS at baseline was much greater than that of LNSP (35.1% vs 5.6%), and it tended to be more troublesome and disabling. Unlike LNSP, the prevalence of GPNS increased with age. Moreover, it showed significantly stronger associations with somatising tendency (PRR 1.6 vs 1.3) and poor mental health (PRR 1.3 vs 1.1); greater variation between the occupational groups studied (prevalence ranging from 0% to 67.6%) that correlated poorly with the variation in LNSP; and was more persistent at follow-up (72.1% vs 61.7%). Our findings highlight important epidemiological distinctions between subcategories of neck/shoulder pain. In future epidemiological research that bases case definitions on symptoms, it would be useful to distinguish pain that is localised to the neck or shoulder from more generalised pain that happens to involve the neck/shoulder region. C1 [Sarquis, Leila M. M.] Univ Fed Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. [Sarquis, Leila M. M.; Coggon, David; Ntani, Georgia; Walker-Bone, Karen; Palmer, Keith T.; Cox, Ken; Harris, E. Clare] Univ Southampton, Med Res Council Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Southampton, Hants, England. [Sarquis, Leila M. M.; Coggon, David; Ntani, Georgia; Walker-Bone, Karen; Palmer, Keith T.; Harris, E. Clare] Univ Southampton, Arthrit Res UK, MRC Ctr Musculoskeletal Hlth & Work, Southampton, Hants, England. [Felli, Vanda E.] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Nursing, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Harari, Raul; Harari, Florencia; Freire, Rocio; Harari, Natalia] IFA Inst Dev Prod & Work Environm, Corporac Desarrollo Prod & Med Ambiente lab, Quito, Ecuador. [Barrero, Lope H.; Monroy, Magda V.; Quintana, Leonardo A.] Pontificia Univ Javeriana, Sch Engn, Dept Ind Engn, Bogota, Colombia. [Felknor, Sarah A.; Gimeno, David; Delclos, George] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Southwest Ctr Occupat & Environm Hlth, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Felknor, Sarah A.] NIOSH, CDCP, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cattrell, Anna] Kings Coll London, Med Res Council Social, Genet & Dev Psychiat Ctr, Inst Psychiat Psychol & Neurosci, London, England. [Vargas-Prada, Sergio; Serra, Consol; Delclos, George; Benavides, Fernando G.] Univ Pompeu Fabra, Ctr Res Occupat Hlth CiSAL, Barcelona, Spain. [Vargas-Prada, Sergio; Serra, Consol; Delclos, George; Benavides, Fernando G.] CIBER Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Barcelona, Spain. [Vargas-Prada, Sergio; Serra, Consol; Delclos, George; Benavides, Fernando G.; Kogevinas, Manolis] IMIM Hosp Mar Res Inst, Barcelona, Spain. [Bonzini, Matteo; Ferrario, Marco M.] Univ Insubria, Epidemiol & Prevent Med Res Ctr, Varese, Italy. [Solidaki, Eleni; Chatzi, Leda] Univ Crete, Sch Med, Dept Social, Iraklion, Greece. [Merisalu, Eda] Estonian Univ Life Sci, Inst Technol, Tartu, Estonia. [Habib, Rima R.] Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Environm Hlth, Fac Hlth Sci, Beirut, Lebanon. [Sadeghian, Farideh] Shahroud Univ Med Sci, Dept Occupat Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, Shahroud, Iran. [Kadir, M. Masood] Aga Khan Univ, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Karachi, Pakistan. [Warnakulasuriya, Sudath S. P.] Univ Sri Jayewardenepura, Dept Med Educ & Hlth Sci, Fac Med Sci, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. [Matsudaira, Ko] Tokyo Univ Hosp, Dept Med Res & Management Musculoskeletal Pain, Century Med & Res Ctr 22, Fac Med, Tokyo, Japan. [Nyantumbu, Busisiwe] Natl Inst Occupat Hlth, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Nyantumbu, Busisiwe] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Sim, Malcolm R.; Kelsall, Helen L.; Urquhart, Donna M.] Monash Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Sch Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Harcombe, Helen; McBride, David; Herbison, Peter; Gray, Andrew] Univ Otago, Dept Prevent & Social Med, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Marziale, Maria H.] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Nursing Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Rojas, Marianela] Natl Univ Costa Rica, Program Hlth Work & Environm Cent Amer, Inst Studies Tox Subst IRET, Heredia, Costa Rica. [Serra, Consol] Parc Salut MAR, Occupat Hlth Serv, Barcelona, Spain. [Martinez, J. Miguel] MC Mutual, Dept Invest & Anal Prestac, Serv Invest & Anal IT EP, Barcelona, Spain. [Carugno, Michele; Pesatori, Angela C.] Univ Milan, Dept Clin Sci & Community Hlth, Milan, Italy. [Pesatori, Angela C.] Fdn Ca Granda Osped Maggiore Policlin, Milan, Italy. [Bitsios, Panos] Univ Crete, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, Iraklion, Greece. [Kogevinas, Manolis] Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol CREAL, Barcelona, Spain. [Oha, Kristel] North Estonia Med Ctr, Tallinn, Estonia. [Freimann, Tiina] Tartu Univ Hosp, Tartu, Estonia. [Sadeghian, Ali] Klinikum Leverkusen, Leverkusen, Germany. [Peiris-John, Roshini J.] Univ Sri Jayewardenepura, Fac Med Sci, Dept Physiol, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. [Peiris-John, Roshini J.] Univ Auckland, Sect Epidemiol & Biostat, Sch Populat Hlth, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Auckland, New Zealand. [Sathiakumar, Nalini] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Wickremasinghe, A. Rajitha] Univ Kelaniya, Fac Med, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka. [Yoshimura, Noriko] Univ Tokyo, Dept Joint Dis Res, Century Med & Res Ctr 22, Tokyo, Japan. [Hoe, Victor C. W.] Univ Malaya, Fac Med, Ctr Occupat & Environm Hlth, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Derrett, Sarah] Univ Otago, Dept Prevent & Social Med, Injury Prevent Res Unit, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Vega, Eduardo J. Salazar] AkzoNobel, Houston, TX USA. RP Coggon, D (reprint author), Southampton Gen Hosp, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Southampton SO16 6YD, Hants, England. EM dnc@mrc.soton.ac.uk RI harari, florencia/O-3786-2014; Hoe, VICTOR/B-5190-2010; FELLI, VANDA/H-5942-2012; Kogevinas, Manolis/C-3918-2017; OI harari, florencia/0000-0002-0362-579X; Hoe, VICTOR/0000-0002-8073-157X; FELLI, VANDA/0000-0001-7250-4353; Ferrario, Marco M/0000-0003-2741-7124; Peiris-John, Roshini/0000-0001-7812-2268; Vargas-Prada, Sergio/0000-0002-0713-5392; Monroy Silva, Magda Viviana/0000-0002-6185-5999; pesatori, angela/0000-0002-0261-3252 FU Deputy for Training and Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences; Monash University; NHMRC; Ministry of Higher Education in Malaysia; Health Research Council of New Zealand; Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health at the University of Texas Health Science Center research training grant from the NIH Fogarty International Center; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de nivel Superior (CAPES), Brasilia, DF, Brazil [6841/14-7]; program Rio-Hortega, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain; Colt Foundation FX The authors thank Pietro Munoz, Patricio Oyos, Gonzalo Albuja, Mana Belduma, and Francisco Lara for their assistance with data collection in Ecuador; Patrica Monge, Melania Chaverrri, and Freddy Brenes who helped with data collection in Costa Rica; Aurora Aragon, Alberto Berrios, Samaria Balladares, and Martha Martinez who helped with data collection in Nicaragua; Alfredo Jose Jiron who assisted with data entry in Nicaragua; Catalina Torres for translation and piloting of the questionnaire in Spain; Ben and Marie Carmen Coggon for back translation of the Spanish questionnaire; Cynthia Alcantara, Xavier Orpella, Josep Anton Gonzalez, Joan Bas, Pilar Pena, Elena Brunat, Vicente San Jose, Anna Sala March, Anna Marquez, Josefina Lorente, Cristina Oliva, Montse Vergara, and Eduard Gaynes for their assistance with data collection in Spain; Natale Battevi, Lorenzo Bordini, Marco Conti, and Luciano Riboldi who performed data collection in Italy; Paul Maurice Conway for back translation of the Italian questionnaire; Tuuli Sirk who helped with data collection in Estonia; the Deputy for Training and Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences for financial support of data collection in Iran; Asad Ali Khan for supervision of data collection and checking in Pakistan; Khalil Qureshi for training of field workers and supervision of data collection and checking in Pakistan; and Masami Hirai, Tatsuya Isomura, Norimasa Kikuchi, Akiko Ishizuka, and Takayuki Sawada for their help with data collection and management in Japan; Monash University which funded data collection in Australia through its grant schemes; NHMRC which supported Helen Kelsall and Donna Urquhart in Australia through fellowships; the Ministry of Higher Education in Malaysia which supported Victor Hoe in Australia; and the Health Research Council of New Zealand which funded data collection in New Zealand. Data collection in Central America and Colombia was supported by the Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health at the University of Texas Health Science Center research training grant from the NIH Fogarty International Center.r Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de nivel Superior (CAPES), Brasilia, DF, Brazil supported Leila Mansano Sarquis through a postdoctoral fellowship (BEX no 6841/14-7), enabling her to work on this article during an attachment at University of Southampton, United Kingdom.r Sergio Vargas-Prada was supported by the program Rio-Hortega, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.r The authors are particularly grateful to the Colt Foundation, which funded data collection in Brazil, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, United Kingdom, Greece, Estonia, Lebanon, Pakistan, and South Africa; all organisations that allowed us to approach their employees; and all of the workers who kindly participated in the study. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0304-3959 EI 1872-6623 J9 PAIN JI Pain PD MAY PY 2016 VL 157 IS 5 BP 1028 EP 1036 DI 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000477 PG 9 WC Anesthesiology; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Anesthesiology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA DQ0GA UT WOS:000378875600007 PM 26761390 ER PT J AU Locker, AR Marks, MJ Kamens, HM Klein, LC AF Locker, Alicia R. Marks, Michael J. Kamens, Helen M. Klein, Laura Cousino TI Exposure to nicotine increases nicotinic acetylcholine receptor density in the reward pathway and binge ethanol consumption in C57BL/6J adolescent female mice SO BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Adolescents; Consumption; Ethanol; Mice; Nicotine; Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors ID VENTRAL TEGMENTAL AREA; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; SEX-DIFFERENCES; DOPAMINERGIC-NEURONS; ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; BINDING-SITES; USE DISORDERS; YOUNG-ADULTS; MOUSE-BRAIN; DRUG-USE AB Nearly 80% of adult smokers begin smoking during adolescence. Binge alcohol consumption is also common during adolescence. Past studies report that nicotine and ethanol activate dopamine neurons in the reward pathway and may increase synaptic levels of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens through nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) stimulation. Activation of the reward pathway during adolescence through drug use may produce neural alterations affecting subsequent drug consumption. Consequently, the effect of nicotine exposure on binge alcohol consumption was examined along with an assessment of the neurobiological underpinnings that drive adolescent use of these drugs. Adolescent C57BL/6J mice (postnatal days 35-44) were exposed to either water or nicotine (200 mu g/ml) for ten days. On the final four days, ethanol intake was examined using the drinking-in-the-dark paradigm. Nicotine-exposed mice consumed significantly more ethanol and displayed higher blood ethanol concentrations than did control mice. Autoradiographic analysis of nAChR density revealed higher epibatidine binding in frontal cortical regions in mice exposed to nicotine and ethanol compared to mice exposed to ethanol only. These data show that nicotine exposure during adolescence increases subsequent binge ethanol consumption, and may affect the number of nAChRs in regions of the brain reward pathway, specifically the frontal cortex. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Locker, Alicia R.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mailstop L-3014, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Marks, Michael J.] Univ Colorado, Inst Behav Genet, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Marks, Michael J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Psychol & Neurosci, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Locker, Alicia R.; Kamens, Helen M.; Klein, Laura Cousino] Penn State Univ, Dept Biobehav Hlth, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Locker, AR (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mailstop L-3014, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM xzk7@cdc.gov FU Penn State Social Science Research Institute [K01 AA019447, R01 DA003194] FX This work was conducted at Penn State and wassupported by the Penn State Social Science Research Institute through a SSRI/CBBC Level 1 Funding grant (Klein), K01 AA019447 (Kamens), and R01 DA003194 (Marks). Thank you to Dr. Allen Phillips, Dr. Will Horton, Melissa Mercincavage, Caitlin Short, and Dr. Kim Walter for their technical assistance and aid with this project. NR 87 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0361-9230 EI 1873-2747 J9 BRAIN RES BULL JI Brain Res. Bull. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 123 SI SI BP 13 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2015.09.009 PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA DP4KV UT WOS:000378465700003 PM 26428091 ER PT J AU Doggett, NA Mukundan, H Lefkowitz, EJ Slezak, TR Chain, PS Morse, S Anderson, K Hodge, DR Pillai, S AF Doggett, Norman A. Mukundan, Harshini Lefkowitz, Elliot J. Slezak, Tom R. Chain, Patrick S. Morse, Stephen Anderson, Kevin Hodge, David R. Pillai, Segaran TI CULTURE-INDEPENDENT DIAGNOSTICS FOR HEALTH SECURITY SO HEALTH SECURITY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEIC-ACID AMPLIFICATION; LATERAL FLOW ASSAY; WHOLE-GENOME AMPLIFICATION; IMMUNOMAGNETIC-ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENT DETECTION; COMPREHENSIVE LABORATORY EVALUATION; INFECTIOUS-DISEASE-DIAGNOSTICS; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; UNASSEMBLED SEQUENCING DATA; ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR AB The past decade has seen considerable development in the diagnostic application of nonculture methods, including nucleic acid amplification-based methods and mass spectrometry, for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. The implications of these new culture-independent diagnostic tests (CIDTs) include bypassing the need to culture organisms, thus potentially affecting public health surveillance systems, which continue to use isolates as the basis of their surveillance programs and to assess phenotypic resistance to antimicrobial agents. CIDTs may also affect the way public health practitioners detect and respond to a bioterrorism event. In response to a request from the Department of Homeland Security, Los Alamos National Laboratory and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention cosponsored a workshop to review the impact of CIDTs on the rapid detection and identification of biothreat agents. Four panel discussions were held that covered nucleic acid amplification-based diagnostics, mass spectrometry, antibody-based diagnostics, and next-generation sequencing. Exploiting the extensive expertise available at this workshop, we identified the key features, benefits, and limitations of the various CIDT methods for providing rapid pathogen identification that are critical to the response and mitigation of a bioterrorism event. After the workshop we conducted a thorough review of the literature, investigating the current state of these 4 culture-independent diagnostic methods. This article combines information from the literature review and the insights obtained at the workshop. C1 [Doggett, Norman A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Biosecur & Publ Hlth Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Mukundan, Harshini] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Phys Chem & Appl Spect Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Chain, Patrick S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Bioenergy & Biome Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Lefkowitz, Elliot J.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Slezak, Tom R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Informat Global Secur Comp Applicat Div, Livermore, CA USA. [Morse, Stephen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Select Agents & Toxins, Atlanta, GA USA. [Anderson, Kevin; Hodge, David R.] Homeland Secur Adv Res Projects Agcy, Chem & Biol Def Div, Sci & Technol Directorate, US Dept Homeland Secur, Washington, DC USA. [Pillai, Segaran] US FDA, Off Lab Sci & Safety, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Off Commissioner,Off Chief Scientist, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Doggett, NA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Biosecur & Publ Hlth B 10, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM doggett@lanl.gov OI Chain, Patrick/0000-0003-3949-3634 FU Department of Homeland Security [HSHQPM-14-X-00069, HSHQPM-15-X-00028] FX This work was supported by Interagency Agreements with the Department of Homeland Security (HSHQPM-14-X-00069 and HSHQPM-15-X-00028). We thank Andrew Bradbury for providing input on immunological assays and recent advances in antibody technologies and Jason Gans for reviewing the manuscript. We would also like to thank the external reviewers for their insightful comments. NR 190 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2326-5094 EI 2326-5108 J9 HEALTH SECUR JI Health Secur. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 14 IS 3 SI SI BP 122 EP 142 DI 10.1089/hs.2015.0074 PG 21 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DO8PU UT WOS:000378046500003 PM 27314653 ER PT J AU Wolicki, SB Nuzzo, JB Blazes, DL Pitts, DL Iskander, JK Tappero, JW AF Wolicki, Sara Beth Nuzzo, Jennifer B. Blazes, David L. Pitts, Dana L. Iskander, John K. Tappero, Jordan W. TI PUBLIC HEALTH SURVEILLANCE: AT THE CORE OF THE GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY AGENDA SO HEALTH SECURITY LA English DT Article ID COUNTRIES AB Global health security involves developing the infrastructure and capacity to protect the health of people and societies worldwide. The acceleration of global travel and trade poses greater opportunities for infectious diseases to emerge and spread. The International Health Regulations (IHR) were adopted in 2005 with the intent of proactively developing public health systems that could react to the spread of infectious disease and provide better containment. Various challenges delayed adherence to the IHR. The Global Health Security Agenda came about as an international collaborative effort, working multilaterally among governments and across sectors, seeking to implement the IHR and develop the capacities to prevent, detect, and respond to public health emergencies of international concern. When examining the recent West African Ebola epidemic as a case study for global health security, both strengths and weaknesses in the public health response are evident. The central role of public health surveillance is a lesson reiterated by Ebola. Through further implementation of the Global Health Security Agenda, identified gaps in surveillance can be filled and global health security strengthened. C1 [Wolicki, Sara Beth; Iskander, John K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Associate Director Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pitts, Dana L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Commun & Partnerships, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nuzzo, Jennifer B.] UPMC Ctr Hlth Secur, Baltimore, MD USA. [Blazes, David L.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Trop Publ Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Wolicki, SB (reprint author), Bldg 21,8th Floor,0802 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM klx6@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2326-5094 EI 2326-5108 J9 HEALTH SECUR JI Health Secur. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 14 IS 3 SI SI BP 185 EP 188 DI 10.1089/hs.2016.0002 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DO8PU UT WOS:000378046500008 PM 27314658 ER PT J AU Zhou, CZ Stevie, FA Smith, SC AF Zhou, Chuanzhen Stevie, Fred A. Smith, Stephen C. TI Method for quantification of insecticide in mosquito netting using ion implantation and ToF-SIMS analysis SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article AB Permethrin is used worldwide as a mosquito insecticide for netting and fabric. Permethrin is a contact insecticide so only the permethrin on the surface can directly impact the mosquito. Therefore, knowledge of the surface concentration of the insecticide is essential to measure the effectiveness of the treated material. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis of permethrin showed Cl- as the predominant species in the negative ion mass spectrum. The netting material in this study is composed of high density polyethylene (HDPE). Ion implantation was used to place a known amount of chlorine into the netting material, sheet HDPE, and silicon samples. Depth profile analysis of the implanted samples showed distinct chlorine implant profiles, with the silicon sample used to verify implant dose. Quantification and detection limit for chlorine have been obtained for HDPE sheet and netting. The chlorine detection limit in HDPE is approximately 2 x 10(18) atoms/cm(3), and the chlorine concentration in netting fibers ranged from 4 x 10(19) to 1.2 x 10(20) atoms/cm(3), which compares very well with the amount of insecticide put into the netting during fabrication. The results make possible the study of insecticide content at the surface and in the bulk of the netting. Investigation is in progress for the effect of washing mosquito nets on surface chlorine concentration. (C) 2016 American Vacuum Society. C1 [Zhou, Chuanzhen; Stevie, Fred A.] N Carolina State Univ, Analyt Instrumentat Facil, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Smith, Stephen C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Zhou, CZ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Analyt Instrumentat Facil, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM czhou@ncsu.edu; fred_stevie@ncsu.edu FU CDC innovation grant; State of North Carolina; National Science Foundation FX This work was supported by a CDC innovation grant. The authors acknowledge the use of Analytical Instrumentation Facility (AIF) at North Carolina State University, which is supported by the State of North Carolina and the National Science Foundation. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 34 IS 3 AR 03H107 DI 10.1116/1.4940394 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA DO3IB UT WOS:000377673400007 ER PT J AU Perti, T Lucero-Obusan, CA Schirmer, PL Winters, MA Holodniy, M AF Perti, Tara Lucero-Obusan, Cynthia A. Schirmer, Patricia L. Winters, Mark A. Holodniy, Mark TI Chikungunya Fever Cases Identified in the Veterans Health Administration System, 2014 SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID REUNION ISLAND; VIRUS; REEMERGENCE; DISEASE AB Background During December 2013, the first locally transmitted chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infections in the Americas were reported in the Caribbean. Although CHIKV infection is rarely fatal, risk for severe disease increases with age and medical comorbidities. Herein we describe characteristics of Veterans Health Administration (VHA) patients with CHIKV infection and, among those with infections diagnosed in Puerto Rico, investigated risk factors for hospitalization. Methodology We queried VHA's national electronic medical records to identify patients with CHIKV testing during 2014. Demographics, clinical history, laboratory results, and outcomes were abstracted. We investigated risk factors for hospitalization among patients with laboratory-confirmed CHIKV infection in Puerto Rico. Principal Findings We identified 180 laboratory-confirmed CHIKV infections; 148 (82.2%) were diagnosed in Puerto Rico, and 32 (17.8%) were diagnosed among returning travelers elsewhere in the United States. In Puerto Rico, where more patients were hospitalized (55.4% versus 20.0%) and died (4.1% versus 0%), risk for hospitalization increased with age (relative risk [RR]/each 10-year increase, 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06-1.32) and, adjusted for age, increased among patients with congestive heart failure (RR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.25-1.99), chronic kidney disease (RR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.19-1.94), diabetes mellitus (RR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.06-1.84), or chronic lung disease (RR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.03-1.82). Conclusions/Significance CHIKV infection is an emerging problem among Veterans residing in or visiting areas with CHIKV transmission. Although overall mortality rates are low, clinicians in affected areas should be aware that older patients and patients with comorbidities may be at increased risk for severe disease. C1 [Perti, Tara; Lucero-Obusan, Cynthia A.; Schirmer, Patricia L.; Holodniy, Mark] Dept Vet Affairs, Publ Hlth Surveillance & Res, Washington, DC USA. [Perti, Tara] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Winters, Mark A.] Vet Affairs Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Winters, Mark A.; Holodniy, Mark] Stanford Univ, Div Infect Dis & Geog Med, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Perti, T (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs, Publ Hlth Surveillance & Res, Washington, DC USA.; Perti, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. EM TPerti@cdc.gov FU VA intramural funds FX This work was supported by VA intramural funds. The VA Office of Public Health Surveillance and Research had sole responsibility for study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish and preparation of the manuscript. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 10 IS 5 AR e0004630 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004630 PG 17 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DO4QY UT WOS:000377769300020 PM 27144588 ER PT J AU Priest, JW Jenks, MH Moss, DM Mao, B Buth, S Wannemuehler, K Soeung, SC Lucchi, NW Udhayakumar, V Gregory, CJ Huy, R Muth, S Lammie, PJ AF Priest, Jeffrey W. Jenks, M. Harley Moss, Delynn M. Mao, Bunsoth Buth, Sokhal Wannemuehler, Kathleen Soeung, Sann Chan Lucchi, Naomi W. Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam Gregory, Christopher J. Huy, Rekol Muth, Sinuon Lammie, Patrick J. TI Integration of Multiplex Bead Assays for Parasitic Diseases into a National, Population-Based Serosurvey of Women 1539 Years of Age in Cambodia SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G ANTIBODIES; STRONGYLOIDES-STERCORALIS; LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; WUCHERERIA-BANCROFTI; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; RISK-FACTORS; MALARIA TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; ANTIGEN AB Collection of surveillance data is essential for monitoring and evaluation of public health programs. Integrated collection of household-based health data, now routinely carried out in many countries through demographic health surveys and multiple indicator surveys, provides critical measures of progress in health delivery. In contrast, biomarker surveys typically focus on single or related measures of malaria infection, HIV status, vaccination coverage, or immunity status for vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD). Here we describe an integrated biomarker survey based on use of a multiplex bead assay (MBA) to simultaneously measure antibody responses to multiple parasitic diseases of public health importance as part of a VPD serological survey in Cambodia. A nationally-representative cluster-based survey was used to collect serum samples from women of child-bearing age. Samples were tested by MBA for immunoglobulin G antibodies recognizing recombinant antigens from Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax, Wuchereria bancrofti, Toxoplasma gondii, Taenia solium, and Strongyloides stercoralis. Serologic IgG antibody results were useful both for generating national prevalence estimates for the parasitic diseases of interest and for confirming the highly focal distributions of some of these infections. Integrated surveys offer an opportunity to systematically assess the status of multiple public health programs and measure progress toward Millennium Development Goals. C1 [Priest, Jeffrey W.; Moss, Delynn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jenks, M. Harley; Lucchi, Naomi W.; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam; Lammie, Patrick J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mao, Bunsoth] Univ Hlth Sci, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Buth, Sokhal] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Wannemuehler, Kathleen; Gregory, Christopher J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Soeung, Sann Chan] Minist Hlth, Natl Immunizat Program, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Huy, Rekol; Muth, Sinuon] Ctr Parasitol Entomol & Malaria Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. RP Priest, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Jpriest@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through National Institute for Public Health, Cambodia [5U2GPS000939-05] FX This work was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Cooperative Agreement with the National Institute for Public Health, Cambodia ( Cooperative Agreement number: 5U2GPS000939-05). As a collaborative effort, CDC employees did have a role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 10 IS 5 AR e0004699 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004699 PG 16 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DO4QY UT WOS:000377769300041 PM 27136913 ER PT J AU Reiner, RC Achee, N Barrera, R Burkot, TR Chadee, DD Devine, GJ Endy, T Gubler, D Hombach, J Kleinschmidt, I Lenhart, A Lindsay, SW Longini, I Mondy, M Morrison, AC Perkins, TA Vazquez-Prokopec, G Reiter, P Ritchie, SA Smith, DL Strickman, D Scott, TW AF Reiner, Robert C., Jr. Achee, Nicole Barrera, Roberto Burkot, Thomas R. Chadee, Dave D. Devine, Gregor J. Endy, Timothy Gubler, Duane Hombach, Joachim Kleinschmidt, Immo Lenhart, Audrey Lindsay, Steven W. Longini, Ira Mondy, Mathias Morrison, Amy C. Perkins, T. Alex Vazquez-Prokopec, Gonzalo Reiter, Paul Ritchie, Scott A. Smith, David L. Strickman, Daniel Scott, Thomas W. TI Quantifying the Epidemiological Impact of Vector Control on Dengue SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TREATED HOUSE SCREENS; AEDES-AEGYPTI; VIRUS TRANSMISSION; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; INSECTICIDE; MEXICO; PREVENTION; CHIKUNGUNYA; INFECTION; MOSQUITOS C1 [Reiner, Robert C., Jr.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Bloomington, IN USA. [Reiner, Robert C., Jr.; Lindsay, Steven W.; Perkins, T. Alex; Smith, David L.; Scott, Thomas W.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Achee, Nicole; Perkins, T. Alex] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Eck Inst Global Hlth, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Barrera, Roberto] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, San Juan, PR USA. [Burkot, Thomas R.] James Cook Univ, Australian Inst Trop Hlth & Med, Cairns, Qld, Australia. [Chadee, Dave D.] Univ W Indies, Dept Life Sci, Fac Sci & Agr, St Augustine Campus, St Augustine, Trinid & Tobago. [Devine, Gregor J.] QIMR Berghofer Med Res Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Endy, Timothy] SUNY Upstate Med Univ, Dept Med, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Gubler, Duane] Duke NUS Med Sch, Signature Res Program Emerging Infect Dis, Singapore, Singapore. [Hombach, Joachim] World Hlth Org, Initiat Vaccine Res, Geneva, Switzerland. [Kleinschmidt, Immo] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, Trop Epidemiol Grp, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Kleinschmidt, Immo] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Hlth Sci, Dept Pathol, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Lenhart, Audrey] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Entomol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lindsay, Steven W.] Univ Durham, Sch Biol & Biomed Sci, Durham, England. [Longini, Ira] Univ Florida, Dept Biostat, Gainesville, FL USA. [Mondy, Mathias] Univ Calif Davis, Innovat Vector Control Consortium, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Morrison, Amy C.; Scott, Thomas W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Vazquez-Prokopec, Gonzalo] Emory Univ, Dept Environm Studies, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Reiter, Paul] Inst Pasteur, Dept Med Entomol, Paris, France. [Ritchie, Scott A.] James Cook Univ, Coll Publ Hlth Med & Vet Sci, Australian Inst Trop Hlth & Med, Cairns, Qld, Australia. [Smith, David L.] Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Strickman, Daniel] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. RP Reiner, RC (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Bloomington Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Bloomington, IN USA.; Reiner, RC (reprint author), NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM rcreiner@indiana.edu FU Partnership for Dengue Control (PDC); Fondation Merieux; Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics program of the Science and Technology Directory; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1053338]; Department of Homeland Security FX This review was supported by the Partnership for Dengue Control (PDC) and the Fondation Merieux. This work was supported by the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics program of the Science and Technology Directory, Department of Homeland Security, and Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH); SWL was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1053338). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 10 IS 5 AR e0004588 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004588 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DO4QY UT WOS:000377769300013 PM 27227829 ER PT J AU Sow, SO Muhsen, K Nasrin, D Blackwelder, WC Wu, YK Farag, TH Panchalingam, S Sur, D Zaidi, AKM Faruque, ASG Saha, D Adegbola, R Alonso, PL Breiman, RF Bassat, Q Tamboura, B Sanogo, D Onwuchekwa, U Manna, B Ramamurthy, T Kanungo, S Ahmed, S Qureshi, S Quadri, F Hossain, A Das, SK Antonio, M Hossain, MJ Mandomando, I Nhampossa, T Acacio, S Omore, R Oundo, JO Ochieng, JB Mintz, ED O'Reilly, CE Berkeley, LY Livio, S Tennant, SM Sommerfelt, H Nataro, JP Ziv-Baran, T Robins-Browne, RM Mishcherkin, V Zhang, JX Liu, J Houpt, ER Kotloff, KL Levine, MM AF Sow, Samba O. Muhsen, Khitam Nasrin, Dilruba Blackwelder, William C. Wu, Yukun Farag, Tamer H. Panchalingam, Sandra Sur, Dipika Zaidi, Anita K. M. Faruque, Abu S. G. Saha, Debasish Adegbola, Richard Alonso, Pedro L. Breiman, Robert F. Bassat, Quique Tamboura, Boubou Sanogo, Doh Onwuchekwa, Uma Manna, Byomkesh Ramamurthy, Thandavarayan Kanungo, Suman Ahmed, Shahnawaz Qureshi, Shahida Quadri, Farheen Hossain, Anowar Das, Sumon K. Antonio, Martin Hossain, M. Jahangir Mandomando, Inacio Nhampossa, Tacilta Acacio, Sozinho Omore, Richard Oundo, Joseph O. Ochieng, John B. Mintz, Eric D. O'Reilly, Ciara E. Berkeley, Lynette Y. Livio, Sofie Tennant, Sharon M. Sommerfelt, Halvor Nataro, James P. Ziv-Baran, Tomer Robins-Browne, Roy M. Mishcherkin, Vladimir Zhang, Jixian Liu, Jie Houpt, Eric R. Kotloff, Karen L. Levine, Myron M. TI The Burden of Cryptosporidium Diarrheal Disease among Children < 24 Months of Age in Moderate/High Mortality Regions of Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, Utilizing Data from the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; PARVUM INFECTION; YOUNG-CHILDREN; GUINEA-BISSAU; WEST-AFRICA; COMMUNITY; INDIA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFANTS AB Background The importance of Cryptosporidium as a pediatric enteropathogen in developing countries is recognized. Methods Data from the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS), a 3-year, 7-site, case-control study of moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) and GEMS-1A (1-year study of MSD and less-severe diarrhea [LSD]) were analyzed. Stools from 12,110 MSD and 3,174 LSD cases among children aged <60 months and from 21,527 randomly-selected controls matched by age, sex and community were immunoassay-tested for Cryptosporidium. Species of a subset of Cryptosporidium-positive specimens were identified by PCR; GP60 sequencing identified anthroponotic C. parvum. Combined annual Cryptosporidium-attributable diarrhea incidences among children aged < 24 months for African and Asian GEMS sites were extrapolated to sub-Saharan Africa and South Asian regions to estimate region-wide MSD and LSD burdens. Attributable and excess mortality due to Cryptosporidium diarrhea were estimated. Findings Cryptosporidium was significantly associated with MSD and LSD below age 24 months. Among Cryptosporidium-positive MSD cases, C. hominis was detected in 77.8% (95% CI, 73.0%-81.9%) and C. parvum in 9.9%(95% CI, 7.1%-13.6%); 92% of C. parvum tested were anthroponotic genotypes. Annual Cryptosporidium-attributable MSD incidence was 3.48 (95% CI, 2.27-4.67) and 3.18 (95% CI, 1.85-4.52) per 100 child-years in African and Asian infants, respectively, and 1.41 (95% CI, 0.73-2.08) and 1.36 (95% CI, 0.66-2.05) per 100 child-years in toddlers. Corresponding Cryptosporidium-attributable LSD incidences per 100 child-years were 2.52 (95% CI, 0.33-5.01) and 4.88 (95% CI, 0.82-8.92) in infants and 4.04 (95% CI, 0.56-7.51) and 4.71 (95% CI, 0.24-9.18) in toddlers. We estimate 2.9 and 4.7 millio nCryptosporidium-attributable cases annually in children aged < 24 months in the sub-Saharan Africa and India/Pakistan/Bangladesh/Nepal/Afghanistan regions, respectively, and similar to 202,000 Cryptosporidium-attributable deaths (regions combined). similar to 59,000 excess deaths occurred among Cryptosporidium-attributable diarrhea cases over expected if cases had been Cryptosporidium-negative. Conclusions The enormous African/Asian Cryptosporidium disease burden warrants investments to develop vaccines, diagnostics and therapies. C1 [Sow, Samba O.; Tamboura, Boubou; Sanogo, Doh; Onwuchekwa, Uma] Ctr Dev Vaccins, Bamako, Mali. [Muhsen, Khitam; Nasrin, Dilruba; Blackwelder, William C.; Wu, Yukun; Farag, Tamer H.; Panchalingam, Sandra; Berkeley, Lynette Y.; Livio, Sofie; Tennant, Sharon M.; Nataro, James P.; Mishcherkin, Vladimir; Kotloff, Karen L.; Levine, Myron M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Nasrin, Dilruba; Blackwelder, William C.; Wu, Yukun; Farag, Tamer H.; Berkeley, Lynette Y.; Livio, Sofie; Tennant, Sharon M.; Levine, Myron M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Wu, Yukun] Emergent Biosolut, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Sur, Dipika; Ramamurthy, Thandavarayan; Kanungo, Suman] Natl Inst Cholera & Enter Dis, Kolkata, India. [Zaidi, Anita K. M.; Qureshi, Shahida; Quadri, Farheen] Aga Khan Univ, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Karachi, Pakistan. [Faruque, Abu S. G.; Ahmed, Shahnawaz; Hossain, Anowar; Das, Sumon K.] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Saha, Debasish; Adegbola, Richard; Antonio, Martin; Hossain, M. Jahangir] Med Res Council United Kingdom Unit, Fajara, Gambia. [Saha, Debasish; Adegbola, Richard] GSK Vaccines, Wavre, Belgium. [Alonso, Pedro L.; Bassat, Quique; Mandomando, Inacio; Nhampossa, Tacilta; Acacio, Sozinho] Ctr Invest Saude Manhica, Maputo, Mozambique. [Alonso, Pedro L.; Mandomando, Inacio; Nhampossa, Tacilta; Acacio, Sozinho] Minist Saude, Inst Nacl Saude, Maputo, Mozambique. [Alonso, Pedro L.; Bassat, Quique] Univ Barcelona, Hosp Clin, Barcelona Ctr Int Hlth Res CRESIB, ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain. [Breiman, Robert F.] Kenya Off US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect Div, Nairobi, Kenya. [Omore, Richard; Oundo, Joseph O.; Ochieng, John B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. [Mintz, Eric D.; O'Reilly, Ciara E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sommerfelt, Halvor] Univ Bergen, Ctr Intervent Sci Maternal & Child Hlth, Ctr Int Hlth, Bergen, Norway. [Sommerfelt, Halvor] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Int Publ Hlth, Oslo, Norway. [Muhsen, Khitam; Ziv-Baran, Tomer] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Sch Publ Hlth, Sackler Fac Med, Ramat Aviv, Israel. [Robins-Browne, Roy M.] Univ Melbourne, Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Royal Childrens Hosp, Parkville, Vic, Australia. [Zhang, Jixian; Liu, Jie; Houpt, Eric R.] Univ Virginia, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Kotloff, Karen L.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Farag, Tamer H.; Zaidi, Anita K. M.] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. [Sur, Dipika; Ramamurthy, Thandavarayan] Translat Hlth Sci & Technol Inst, Faridabad, India. [Alonso, Pedro L.] WHO Global Malaria Programme, Geneva, Switzerland. [Breiman, Robert F.] Emory Univ, Global Hlth Inst, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Berkeley, Lynette Y.] US FDA, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Nataro, James P.] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. RP Levine, MM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.; Levine, MM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM mlevine@medicine.umaryland.edu RI Bassat, Quique/P-2341-2016 OI Bassat, Quique/0000-0003-0875-7596 FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [38774, OPP1033572] FX This work was supported by grants 38774 and OPP1033572 from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to MML, URL of the funder's website: http://www.gatesfoundation.org/. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 10 IS 5 AR e0004729 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004729 PG 20 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DO4QY UT WOS:000377769300066 PM 27219054 ER PT J AU Spadafora, LJ Kearney, MR Siddique, A Ali, IK Gilchrist, CA Arju, T Hoffstrom, B Nguyen, FK Petri, WA Haque, R Cangelosi, GA AF Spadafora, Lauren J. Kearney, Moira R. Siddique, Abdullah Ali, Ibne K. Gilchrist, Carol A. Arju, Tuhinur Hoffstrom, Benjamin Nguyen, Felicia K. Petri, William A., Jr. Haque, Rashidul Cangelosi, Gerard A. TI Species-Specific Immunodetection of an Entamoeba histolytica Cyst Wall Protein SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; DIARRHEAL ILLNESS; ANTIGEN-DETECTION; DIAGNOSIS; BANGLADESH; AMEBIASIS; INFECTION; MALNUTRITION; PARASITE AB Entamoeba histolytica causes intestinal disease in endemic settings throughout the world. Diagnosis of E. histolytica infection would be improved by the identification of biomarkers that are expressed by cysts of E. histolytica, but not by cysts of closely related commensal species of Entamoeba. Herein, we describe two novel monoclonal antibodies (1A4 and 1D3) produced against a spacer region of the E. histolytica Jacob2 lectin, an outer cyst wall protein. These reagents demonstrated no cross-reaction to E. dispar recombinant antigen and low picomolar molecular detection limits when paired in ELISA sandwich assays. In an immunofluorescence microscopy assay, the alpha-Jacob2 murine antibodies labeled cysts of three xenically cultured E. histolytica isolates but did not label cysts of three E. bangladeshi isolates. Monoclonal antibody 1A4 did not cross-react with xenic cultures of three E. dispar isolates, demonstrating specificity to E. histolytica, while monoclonal antibody 1D3 cross-reacted with two out of three E. dispar isolates. Both antibodies labeled cysts in formalin-fixed slides, a potential logistical advantage in some settings. The monoclonal antibody 1A4 was also used in an immunofluorescence microscopy assay with formalin-fixed stool specimens. Seven out of ten ELISA-positive stool specimens exhibited 1A4-labeled cyst-like objects, compared to one out of seven ELISA-negative specimens. These results demonstrate that antibodies generated against the flexible spacer of E. histolytica Jacob2 lectin recognize and bind to Jacob2 protein in whole cysts and are capable of differentiating Entamoeba species in fixed specimens. Thus, Jacob2 is a promising biomarker for use in diagnosing E. histolytica infection. C1 [Spadafora, Lauren J.] Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kearney, Moira R.; Nguyen, Felicia K.; Cangelosi, Gerard A.] Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Siddique, Abdullah; Arju, Tuhinur; Haque, Rashidul] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Ali, Ibne K.; Gilchrist, Carol A.; Petri, William A., Jr.] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Med, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Hoffstrom, Benjamin] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Antibody Technol Core, 1124 Columbia St, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Ali, Ibne K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Spadafora, LJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM spadz915@uw.edu OI Spadafora, Lauren/0000-0002-7349-4350 FU National Institutes of Health [U01AI082186, 5R01 AI043596] FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health (www.nih.gov) grants U01AI082186 to GAC and 5R01 AI043596 to WAP. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 10 IS 5 AR e0004697 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004697 PG 15 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DO4QY UT WOS:000377769300039 PM 27152855 ER PT J AU Jones, SE Sliwa, S AF Jones, Sherry Everett Sliwa, Sarah TI School Factors Associated With the Percentage of Students Who Walk or Bike to School, School Health Policies and Practices Study, 2014 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; BUILT ENVIRONMENT; CHILDREN; PARENTS AB Introduction Active school transport, such as by walking or biking, increases physical activity levels, which has health and academic benefits for children. We examined school demographic and other characteristics to determine their association with the percentage of students who walk or bike to school. Methods We analyzed data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 2014 School Health Policies and Practices Study. The response rate for the module containing questions about transportation was 70% (N = 577). Multivariate logistic regression models examined whether certain school characteristics were associated with a school having 26% or more of students who walk or bike to school in the morning on an average school day. Results In most (61.5%) schools, 10% or fewer students walked or biked to school in the morning on an average school day; in 22.7% of schools, 26% or more students did so. Although having crossing guards (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.9-6.0), having bicycle racks (AOR = 2.7; 95% CI, 1.2-5.8), and providing promotional materials to students or families on walking or biking to school (AOR = 2.9; 95% CI, 1.7-5.1) were associated with having 26% or more students who walk or bike to school, only 47.7% of schools had crossing guards, 62.4% had bicycle racks, and 33.3% provided promotional materials. Conclusion Several low-cost or no-cost strategies were associated with having 26% or more students who walked or biked to school, but these strategies are not commonly used in schools. C1 [Sliwa, Sarah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sch Hlth Branch, Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Jones, SE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sch Based Surveillance Branch, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E75, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM sce2@cdc.gov FU CDC; Oak Ridge Institute for Scientific Education FX We thank Nancy D. Brener, PhD, and Tim McManus, MS, at CDC for their contributions to the study. This work was supported through regular institutional operating funds of CDC. The work of Sarah Sliwa was supported with funds from the Oak Ridge Institute for Scientific Education. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 13 AR E63 DI 10.5888/pcd13.150573 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DO7BZ UT WOS:000377938500005 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Croft, JB Wheaton, AG Kanny, D Cunningham, TJ Lu, H Onufrak, S Malarcher, AM Greenlund, KJ Giles, WH AF Liu, Yong Croft, Janet B. Wheaton, Anne G. Kanny, Dafna Cunningham, Timothy J. Lu, Hua Onufrak, Stephen Malarcher, Ann M. Greenlund, Kurt J. Giles, Wayne H. TI Clustering of Five Health-Related Behaviors for Chronic Disease Prevention Among Adults, United States, 2013 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID JOINT CONSENSUS STATEMENT; SLEEP RESEARCH SOCIETY; SCHOOL START TIMES; CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH; RECOMMENDED AMOUNT; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; AMERICAN ACADEMY; HEART-DISEASE; LIFE-STYLE; NUTRITION AB Introduction Five key health-related behaviors for chronic disease prevention are never smoking, getting regular physical activity, consuming no alcohol or only moderate amounts, maintaining a normal body weight, and obtaining daily sufficient sleep. The objective of this study was to estimate the clustering of these 5 health-related behaviors among adults aged 21 years or older in each state and the District of Columbia and to assess geographic variation in clustering. Methods We used data from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) to assess the clustering of the 5 behaviors among 395,343 BRFSS respondents aged 21 years or older. The 5 behaviors were defined as currently not smoking cigarettes, meeting the aerobic physical activity recommendation, consuming no alcohol or only moderate amounts, maintaining a normal body mass index (BMI), and sleeping at least 7 hours per 24-hour period. Prevalence of having 4 or 5 of these behaviors, by state, was also examined. Results Among US adults, 81.6% were current nonsmokers, 63.9% obtained 7 hours or more sleep per day, 63.1% reported moderate or no alcohol consumption, 50.4% met physical activity recommendations, and 32.5% had a normal BMI. Only 1.4% of respondents engaged in none of the 5 behaviors; 8.4%, 1 behavior; 24.3%, 2 behaviors; 35.4%, 3 behaviors; and 24.3%, 4 behaviors; only 6.3% reported engaging in all 5 behaviors. The highest prevalence of engaging in 4 or 5 behaviors was clustered in the Pacific and Rocky Mountain states. Lowest prevalence was in the southern states and along the Ohio River. Conclusion Additional efforts are needed to increase the proportion of the population that engages in all 5 health-related behaviors and to eliminate geographic variation. Collaborative efforts in health care systems, communities, work sites, and schools can promote all 5 behaviors and produce population-wide changes, especially among the socioeconomically disadvantaged. C1 [Croft, Janet B.; Wheaton, Anne G.; Kanny, Dafna; Cunningham, Timothy J.; Lu, Hua; Onufrak, Stephen; Malarcher, Ann M.; Greenlund, Kurt J.; Giles, Wayne H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Populat Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F-78, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ikd8@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 13 AR 160054 DI 10.5888/pcd13.160054 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DO7BZ UT WOS:000377938500012 ER PT J AU Goodenough, D Thomas, E Tuttle, J Bednarczyk, RA AF Goodenough, Dana Thomas, Ebony Tuttle, Jessica Bednarczyk, Robert A. TI Factors Associated with Time to Appropriate Treatment in Pertussis Cases in Georgia, 2009 to 2013 SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article AB Pertussis is endemic in the United States, with periodic epidemics that continue to highlight its importance as a public health issue. The clinical presentation of pertussis can vary by age and vaccination status. However, little is known about the factors that affect time to antibiotic treatment of pertussis cases. We analyzed 5 years of data from the Georgia Department of Public Health to understand how factors such as age, symptoms, and vaccination status can alter the clinical picture of pertussis and affect time to treatment. We used multivariable linear regression to assess the impact of each variable on time to antibiotic treatment. There was little consistency across age groups for symptom and demographic predictors of time to antibiotic treatment. Overall, the multivariate linear regression showed that among patients <= 18 years old, none of the variables had an impact on time to antibiotic treatment greater than -0.25 to 1.47 days. Among patients >18 years old, most variables had little impact on time to treatment, though two (paroxysmal cough in >18- to 40-year-olds and hospitalization in individuals over 40) were associated with an additional 5 days in time to treatment from cough onset. This study highlights how the difficulties in pertussis diagnosis, particularly among adults, can affect time to antibiotic treatment; adults may not begin antibiotic treatment until there is an accumulation of symptoms. Health care providers need to recognize the variety of symptoms that pertussis can present with and consider confirmatory testing early. C1 [Goodenough, Dana; Bednarczyk, Robert A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Thomas, Ebony; Tuttle, Jessica] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Acute Dis Epidemiol Sect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bednarczyk, Robert A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Goodenough, Dana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Goodenough, D; Bednarczyk, RA (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.; Bednarczyk, RA (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.; Goodenough, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. EM dgoodenough@cdc.gov; rbednar@emory.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 EI 1098-6596 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 60 IS 5 BP 3051 EP 3056 DI 10.1128/AAC.03067-15 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DN4NX UT WOS:000377045600053 PM 26953196 ER PT J AU Springer, YP Hoekman, D Johnson, PTJ Duffy, PA Hufft, RA Barnett, DT Allan, BF Amman, BR Barker, CM Barrera, R Beard, CB Beati, L Begon, M Blackmore, MS Bradshaw, WE Brisson, D Calisher, CH Childs, JE Diuk-Wasser, MA Douglass, RJ Eisen, RJ Foley, DH Foley, JE Gaff, HD Gardner, SL Ginsberg, HS Glass, GE Hamer, SA Hayden, MH Hjelle, B Holzapfel, CM Juliano, SA Kramer, LD Kuenzi, AJ LaDeau, SL Livdahl, TP Mills, JN Moore, CG Morand, S Nasci, RS Ogden, NH Ostfeld, RS Parmenter, RR Piesman, J Reisen, WK Savage, HM Sonenshine, DE Swei, A Yabsley, MJ AF Springer, Yuri P. Hoekman, David Johnson, Pieter T. J. Duffy, Paul A. Hufft, Rebecca A. Barnett, David T. Allan, Brian F. Amman, Brian R. Barker, Christopher M. Barrera, Roberto Beard, Charles B. Beati, Lorenza Begon, Mike Blackmore, Mark S. Bradshaw, William E. Brisson, Dustin Calisher, Charles H. Childs, James E. Diuk-Wasser, Maria A. Douglass, Richard J. Eisen, Rebecca J. Foley, Desmond H. Foley, Janet E. Gaff, Holly D. Gardner, Scott L. Ginsberg, Howard S. Glass, Gregory E. Hamer, Sarah A. Hayden, Mary H. Hjelle, Brian Holzapfel, Christina M. Juliano, Steven A. Kramer, Laura D. Kuenzi, Amy J. LaDeau, Shannon L. Livdahl, Todd P. Mills, James N. Moore, Chester G. Morand, Serge Nasci, Roger S. Ogden, Nicholas H. Ostfeld, Richard S. Parmenter, Robert R. Piesman, Joseph Reisen, William K. Savage, Harry M. Sonenshine, Daniel E. Swei, Andrea Yabsley, Michael J. TI Tick-, mosquito-, and rodent-borne parasite sampling designs for the National Ecological Observatory Network SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE infectious disease; mosquito; National Ecological Observatory Network; NEON design; parasite; pathogen; reservoir; rodent; sampling design; Special Feature: NEON Design; tick; vector; zoonoses ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; SIN-NOMBRE-VIRUS; HANTAVIRUS PULMONARY SYNDROME; EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; IXODES-SCAPULARIS ACARI; SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM ACARI; FIELD-COLLECTED MOSQUITOS; LAND-USE CHANGE; CLIMATE-CHANGE AB Parasites and pathogens are increasingly recognized as significant drivers of ecological and evolutionary change in natural ecosystems. Concurrently, transmission of infectious agents among human, livestock, and wildlife populations represents a growing threat to veterinary and human health. In light of these trends and the scarcity of long-term time series data on infection rates among vectors and reservoirs, the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) will collect measurements and samples of a suite of tick-, mosquito-, and rodent-borne parasites through a continental-scale surveillance program. Here, we describe the sampling designs for these efforts, highlighting sampling priorities, field and analytical methods, and the data as well as archived samples to be made available to the research community. Insights generated by this sampling will advance current understanding of and ability to predict changes in infection and disease dynamics in novel, interdisciplinary, and collaborative ways. C1 [Springer, Yuri P.; Hoekman, David; Barnett, David T.] Natl Ecological Observ Network NEON Inc, 1685 38th St Suite 100, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Springer, Yuri P.; Beard, Charles B.; Eisen, Rebecca J.; Nasci, Roger S.; Piesman, Joseph; Savage, Harry M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Hoekman, David] Southern Nazarene Univ, Dept Biol, 6729 NW 29th Expy, Bethany, OK 73008 USA. [Johnson, Pieter T. J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ramaley N122, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Duffy, Paul A.] Neptune & Co Inc, 1435 Garrison St Suite 100, Lakewood, CO 80215 USA. [Hufft, Rebecca A.] Denver Bot Gardens, 909 York St, Denver, CO 80206 USA. [Allan, Brian F.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Amman, Brian R.] Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Barker, Christopher M.; Reisen, William K.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vectorborne Dis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Barker, Christopher M.; Reisen, William K.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Barrera, Roberto] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00969 USA. [Beati, Lorenza] Georgia So Coll, Inst Arthropodol & Parasitol, Georgia Ave,Bldg 204,POB 8056, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. [Begon, Mike] Univ Liverpool, IIB, Liverpool L69 7ZB, Merseyside, England. [Blackmore, Mark S.] Valdosta State Univ, Dept Biol, Valdosta, GA 31698 USA. [Bradshaw, William E.; Holzapfel, Christina M.] Univ Oregon, Inst Ecol & Evolut, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Brisson, Dustin] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Evolut & Ecol Dis Syst Lab, 209 Leidy Labs, 433 S Univ Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Calisher, Charles H.] Colorado State Univ, Arthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, 3195 Rampart Rd,Foothills Campus, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Childs, James E.] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Microbiol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Diuk-Wasser, Maria A.] Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, 1200 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Douglass, Richard J.; Kuenzi, Amy J.] Montana Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Butte, MT 59701 USA. [Foley, Desmond H.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Entomol, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Foley, Janet E.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gaff, Holly D.; Sonenshine, Daniel E.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Gardner, Scott L.] Univ Nebraska, State Museum, Harold W Manter Lab Parasitol, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Ginsberg, Howard S.] Univ Rhode Isl, PSE, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, US Geol Survey,Coastal Field Stn, Woodward Hall, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Glass, Gregory E.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Hamer, Sarah A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Integrat Biosci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Hayden, Mary H.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Hjelle, Brian] Univ New Mexico HSC, Dept Pathol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Hjelle, Brian] Univ New Mexico HSC, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Hjelle, Brian] Univ New Mexico HSC, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Juliano, Steven A.] Illinois State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Normal, IL 61790 USA. [Kramer, Laura D.] New York State Dept Hlth Slingerlands, Arbovirus Labs Wadsworth Ctr, New York, NY 12159 USA. [Kramer, Laura D.] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Albany, NY 12201 USA. [LaDeau, Shannon L.; Ostfeld, Richard S.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, 2801 Sharon Turnpike, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Livdahl, Todd P.] Clark Univ, Dept Biol, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. [Mills, James N.] Emory Univ, Populat Biol Ecol & Evolut Program, 1335 Springdale Rd, Atlanta, GA 30306 USA. [Moore, Chester G.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, 1690 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Morand, Serge] Ctr Infectiol Christophe Merieux Laos, CNRS CIRAD AGIRs, Viangchan, Laos. [Ogden, Nicholas H.] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, 3200 Sicotte, St Hyacinthe, PQ J2S 7C6, Canada. [Parmenter, Robert R.] Valles Caldera Natl Preserve, POB 359, Jemez Springs, NM 87025 USA. [Swei, Andrea] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Biol, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Yabsley, Michael J.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Yabsley, Michael J.] Univ Georgia, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Springer, Yuri P.] Venice Bike Fix, 1101 Ocean Front Walk, Venice, CA 90291 USA. RP Springer, YP (reprint author), Natl Ecological Observ Network NEON Inc, 1685 38th St Suite 100, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. EM yurispringer@gmail.com OI Foley, Desmond/0000-0001-7525-4601 FU National Science Foundation; RRA grant [DBI-0752017] FX The NEON is a project sponsored by the National Science Foundation. At the time this paper was written, the project was managed under cooperative agreement by NEON, Inc. The material presented in this paper is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Service Agreement and RRA grant DBI-0752017. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NEON, Inc., the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the U.S. Department of the Army, or the U.S. Department of Defense. Similarly, changes to the designs proposed herein during implementation by NEON, Inc. do not necessarily reflect the scientific recommendations of the authors. This article and the designs presented within it were developed and written when Y.P. Springer and D. Hoekman were employed as the disease and insect ecologists, respectively, at NEON, Inc. The authors gratefully acknowledge C.M. Gibson and V.J. McKenzie for their contributions to early versions of these designs, and E.L.S. Hinckley and S.V. Ollinger for publication support. We also thank scientists and technicians of the NEON terrestrial observation systems team for their collaborative efforts to create the larger NEON terrestrial sampling plan of which these designs are a part. W. Barnett assisted with the writing of the power analysis code. Comments from J.R. Sauer, S.R. Campbell, S.C. Elmendorf, E.L.S. Hinckley, K.E. Levan, and two anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NEON working group members are as follows: Tick and tick-borne parasite technical working group: B. F. Allan, C. B. Beard, L. B. Dustin Brisson, M. A. Diuk-Wasser, R. J. Eisen, H. D. Gaff, S. A. Hamer, N. H. Ogden, R. S. Ostfeld, J. Piesman, D. E. Sonenshine, A. Swei, and M. J. Yabsley; Mosquito and mosquito-borne parasite technical working group: C. M. Barker, R. Barrera, M. S. Blackmore, W. E. Bradshaw, D. H. Foley, H. S. Ginsberg, M. H. Hayden, C. M. Holzapfel, S. A. Juliano, L. D. Kramer, S. L. LaDeau, T. P. Livdahl, C. G. Moore, R. S. Nasci, W. K. Reisen, and H. M. Savage; Rodent-borne parasite technical working group: M. Begon, C. H. Calisher, J. E. Childs, R. J. Douglass, J. E. Foley, S. L. Gardner, G. E. Glass, B. Hjelle, A. J. Kuenzi, J. N. Mills, S. Morand, and R. R. Parmenter. NR 242 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD MAY PY 2016 VL 7 IS 5 AR e01271 DI 10.1002/ecs2.1271 PG 40 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DN6VS UT WOS:000377215200011 ER PT J AU Mickum, ML Prasanphanich, NS Song, XZ Dorabawila, N Mandalasi, M Lasanajak, Y Luyai, A Secor, WE Wilkins, PP Van Die, I Smith, DF Nyame, AK Cummings, RD Rivera-Marrero, CA AF Mickum, Megan L. Prasanphanich, Nina Salinger Song, Xuezheng Dorabawila, Nelum Mandalasi, Msano Lasanajak, Yi Luyai, Anthony Secor, W. Evan Wilkins, Patricia P. Van Die, Irma Smith, David F. Nyame, A. Kwame Cummings, Richard D. Rivera-Marrero, Carlos A. TI Identification of Antigenic Glycans from Schistosoma mansoni by Using a Shotgun Egg Glycan Microarray SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID KEYHOLE-LIMPET HEMOCYANIN; RICINUS-COMMUNIS AGGLUTININ; SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; HUMAN DENDRITIC CELLS; CARBOHYDRATE EPITOPES; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; STRUCTURAL DETERMINANTS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; PARASITIC HELMINTHS; DOLICHOS-BIFLORUS AB Infection of mammals by the parasitic helminth Schistosoma mansoni induces antibodies to glycan antigens in worms and eggs, but the differential nature of the immune response among infected mammals is poorly understood. To better define these responses, we used a shotgun glycomics approach in which N-glycans from schistosome egg glycoproteins were prepared, derivatized, separated, and used to generate an egg shotgun glycan microarray. This array was interrogated with sera from infected mice, rhesus monkeys, and humans and with glycan-binding proteins and antibodies to gather information about the structures of antigenic glycans, which also were analyzed by mass spectrometry. A major glycan antigen targeted by IgG from different infected species is the FLDNF epitope [Fuc alpha 3GalNAc beta 4(Fuc alpha 3) GlcNAc-R], which is also recognized by the IgG monoclonal antibody F2D2. The FLDNF antigen is expressed by all life stages of the parasite in mammalian hosts, and F2D2 can kill schistosomula in vitro in a complement-dependent manner. Different antisera also recognized other glycan determinants, including core beta-xylose and highly fucosylated glycans. Thus, the natural shotgun glycan microarray of schistosome eggs is useful in identifying antigenic glycans and in developing new anti-glycan reagents that may have diagnostic applications and contribute to developing new vaccines against schistosomiasis. C1 [Mickum, Megan L.; Prasanphanich, Nina Salinger; Song, Xuezheng; Lasanajak, Yi; Luyai, Anthony; Smith, David F.; Cummings, Richard D.; Rivera-Marrero, Carlos A.] Emory Univ, Dept Biochem, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Mickum, Megan L.; Prasanphanich, Nina Salinger; Song, Xuezheng; Lasanajak, Yi; Luyai, Anthony; Smith, David F.; Cummings, Richard D.; Rivera-Marrero, Carlos A.] Emory Univ, Emory Glyc Ctr, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Dorabawila, Nelum; Mandalasi, Msano; Nyame, A. Kwame] Univ Maryland Eastern Shores, Dept Nat Sci, Princess Anne, MD USA. [Luyai, Anthony; Secor, W. Evan; Wilkins, Patricia P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rivera-Marrero, Carlos A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Select Agents & Toxins, Atlanta, GA USA. [Van Die, Irma] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, Glycoimmunol Grp, Dept Mol Cell Biol & Immunol, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Cummings, Richard D.] Harvard Univ, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Cummings, RD; Rivera-Marrero, CA (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Biochem, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.; Cummings, RD; Rivera-Marrero, CA (reprint author), Emory Univ, Emory Glyc Ctr, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.; Rivera-Marrero, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Select Agents & Toxins, Atlanta, GA USA.; Cummings, RD (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM rcummin1@bidmc.harvard.edu; kex9@cdc.gov FU HHS \ NIH \ National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [AI101982]; HHS \ NIH \ National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) [GM085448]; Georgia Research Alliance (GRA) FX This work, including the efforts of Richard D. Cummings, was funded by HHS vertical bar NIH vertical bar National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) (AI101982). This work, including the efforts of Richard D. Cummings, was funded by HHS vertical bar NIH vertical bar National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) (GM085448). This work, including the efforts of Richard D. Cummings, was funded by Georgia Research Alliance (GRA). NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 EI 1098-5522 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 84 IS 5 BP 1371 EP 1386 DI 10.1128/IAI.01349-15 PG 16 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DN5KT UT WOS:000377106600013 PM 26883596 ER PT J AU Visavakum, P Punsuwan, N Manopaiboon, C Pattanasin, S Thiengtham, P Tanpradech, S Sukwicha, W Wolfe, M Prybylski, D AF Visavakum, Prin Punsuwan, Niramon Manopaiboon, Chomnad Pattanasin, Sarika Thiengtham, Panupit Tanpradech, Suvimon Sukwicha, Wichuda Wolfe, Mitchell Prybylski, Dimitri TI HIV prevalence and risk behaviors among people who inject drugs in Songkhla, Thailand: A respondent-driven sampling survey SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN THAILAND; VACCINE TRIAL; CHIANG-MAI; USERS; BANGKOK; INFECTION C1 [Visavakum, Prin; Manopaiboon, Chomnad; Pattanasin, Sarika; Tanpradech, Suvimon; Sukwicha, Wichuda; Wolfe, Mitchell; Prybylski, Dimitri] Thailand MOPH US CDC Collaborat, DDC7 Bldg, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. [Punsuwan, Niramon; Thiengtham, Panupit] Minist Publ Hlth, Dis Control Dept, Bur Epidemiol, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. [Wolfe, Mitchell; Prybylski, Dimitri] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Visavakum, P (reprint author), Thailand MOPH US CDC Collaborat, Global AIDS Program, Minist Publ Hlth, DDC7 Bldg, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM hqa2@cdc.gov FU Global Fund; President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX Funding for this study was provided by the Global Fund, which had no further role in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication.; This manuscript has been supported in part by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0955-3959 EI 1873-4758 J9 INT J DRUG POLICY JI Int. J. Drug Policy PD MAY PY 2016 VL 31 BP 163 EP 167 DI 10.1016/j.drugpo.2016.01.021 PG 5 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA DN8FE UT WOS:000377313800022 PM 26916088 ER PT J AU Freedman, DS Lawman, HG Pan, LP Skinner, AC Allison, DB McGuire, LC Blanck, HM AF Freedman, David S. Lawman, Hannah G. Pan, Liping Skinner, Asheley C. Allison, David B. McGuire, Lisa C. Blanck, Heidi M. TI The Prevalence and Validity of High, Biologically Implausible Values of Weight, Height, and BMI Among 8.8 Million Children SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID INCOME PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; FOR-DISEASE-CONTROL; UNITED-STATES; GESTATIONAL-AGE; GROWTH CHARTS; US CHILDREN; OVERWEIGHT; OBESITY; SURVEILLANCE; CHILDHOOD AB Objective: This study assessed the prevalence and consistency of high values of weight, height, and BMI considered to be biologically implausible (BIV) using cut points proposed by WHO among 8.8 million low-income children (13.7 million observations). Methods: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were performed among 2-to 4-year-olds who were examined from 2008 through 2011. Results: Overall, 2.7% of the body size measurements were classified as BIVs; 95% of these BIVs were very high. Among the subset of children (3.6 million) examined more than once, most of those who initially had a high weight or BMI BIV also had a high BIV at the second examination; odds ratios were >250. Based on several alternative classifications of BIVs, the current cut points likely underestimate the prevalence of obesity by about 1%. Conclusions: Many of the extremely high values of body size currently flagged as BIVs are unlikely to be errors. Increasing the z-score cut points or using a percentage of the maximum values in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, could improve the balance between removing probable errors and retaining those that are likely correct. C1 [Freedman, David S.; Pan, Liping; McGuire, Lisa C.; Blanck, Heidi M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lawman, Hannah G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Skinner, Asheley C.] UNC Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Allison, David B.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Nutr Obes Res Ctr, Div Nutr Sci, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Freedman, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. EM dxf1@cdc.gov RI Skinner, Asheley/Q-5793-2016 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK056336] NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 EI 1930-739X J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD MAY PY 2016 VL 24 IS 5 BP 1132 EP 1139 DI 10.1002/oby.21446 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA DO1DU UT WOS:000377519500019 PM 26991694 ER PT J AU Hu, YJ Liao, PZ Johnston, HR Allen, AS Satten, GA AF Hu, Yi-Juan Liao, Peizhou Johnston, H. Richard Allen, Andrew S. Satten, Glen A. TI Testing Rare-Variant Association without Calling Genotypes Allows for Systematic Differences in Sequencing between Cases and Controls SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID COMPLEX DISEASES AB Next-generation sequencing of DNA provides an unprecedented opportunity to discover rare genetic variants associated with complex diseases and traits. However, the common practice of first calling underlying genotypes and then treating the called values as known is prone to false positive findings, especially when genotyping errors are systematically different between cases and controls. This happens whenever cases and controls are sequenced at different depths, on different platforms, or in different batches. In this article, we provide a likelihood-based approach to testing rare variant associations that directly models sequencing reads without calling genotypes. We consider the (weighted) burden test statistic, which is the (weighted) sum of the score statistic for assessing effects of individual variants on the trait of interest. Because variant locations are unknown, we develop a simple, computationally efficient screening algorithm to estimate the loci that are variants. Because our burden statistic may not have mean zero after screening, we develop a novel bootstrap procedure for assessing the significance of the burden statistic. We demonstrate through extensive simulation studies that the proposed tests are robust to a wide range of differential sequencing qualities between cases and controls, and are at least as powerful as the standard genotype calling approach when the latter controls type I error. An application to the UK10K data reveals novel rare variants in gene BTBD18 associated with childhood onset obesity. The relevant software is freely available. C1 [Hu, Yi-Juan; Liao, Peizhou; Johnston, H. Richard] Emory Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Allen, Andrew S.] Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC USA. [Satten, Glen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hu, YJ (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM yijuan.hu@emory.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R01GM116065-01A1]; Emory's University Research Committee FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health (http://www.nih.gov) grant R01GM116065-01A1 (YJH, ASA, and GAS) and Emory's University Research Committee (http://www.urc.emory.edu) grant (YJH). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 12 IS 5 AR e1006040 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006040 PG 19 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA DN6PH UT WOS:000377197100040 PM 27152526 ER PT J AU Sheppard, VB Hurtado-de-Mendoza, A Talley, CH Zhang, YH Cabling, ML Makambi, KH AF Sheppard, Vanessa B. Hurtado-de-Mendoza, Alejandra Talley, Costellia H. Zhang, Yihong Cabling, Mark L. Makambi, Kepher H. TI Reducing Racial Disparities in Breast Cancer Survivors' Ratings of Quality Cancer Care: The Enduring Impact of Trust SO JOURNAL FOR HEALTHCARE QUALITY LA English DT Article DE breast cancer; quality of care; disparities; psychosocial factors ID PATIENT-PHYSICIAN COMMUNICATION; OF-LIFE; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; HEALTH-CARE; PERCEIVED DISCRIMINATION; PROVIDER COMMUNICATION; ETHNIC DISPARITIES; MEDICAL MISTRUST; SERVICE QUALITY; SELF-EFFICACY AB Purpose:Patient satisfaction provides an important illumination of the quality of care that is delivered. Satisfaction with care is often lower in Black women compared with their non-Hispanic White counterparts. Data are lacking regarding quality ratings of breast cancer patients. We examined racial disparities in ratings of the quality of cancer care in newly diagnosed Black (n = 217) and White (n = 152) patients.Methods:This was a cross-sectional observational study. Patients were recruited through hospitals and community outreach. Women with primary invasive, nonmetastatic breast cancer were eligible. Trained interviewers administered a standardized survey through telephone; clinical data were abstracted from medical records. The primary outcome, healthcare quality, was assessed using the PSQ-18, which assessed patients' ratings regarding four healthcare domains: interpersonal care, financial issues, technical ratings of physicians, and access and convenience. Independent variables included healthcare factors (e.g., suspicion toward the healthcare system), psychosocial factors (e.g., physicians' solicitation behaviors), and socioeconomic factors (e.g., limited access to resources). Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate associations between each healthcare quality domain and independent variables.Results:In univariate analysis, Black women reported lower ratings for four domains: technical (Black m = 3.99; White m = 4.26; p < .001), interpersonal (Black m = 4.15, White m = 4.35; p < .01), financial (Black m = 3.81, White m = 4.0, p < .001), and access and convenience (Black m = 3.92, White m = 4.08, p < .01). After adjusting for healthcare characteristics and psychosocial factors, trust in providers was significantly associated with three domains ( = 0.085, p < .001, technical; = 0.066, p < .0001, interpersonal; = 0.043, p < .0001, financial).Conclusion:Racial disparities in ratings of healthcare quality were diminished across several domains after controlling for psychosocial and healthcare factors. Strategies aimed at improving self-efficacy in women with higher levels of mistrust may improve patient satisfaction. C1 [Sheppard, Vanessa B.] Georgetown Univ, Lombardi Comprehens Canc Ctr, Dept Oncol, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Hurtado-de-Mendoza, Alejandra] Georgetown Med Ctr Canc Prevent & Control, Washington, DC USA. [Talley, Costellia H.] Michigan States Coll Nursing, E Lansing, MI USA. [Talley, Costellia H.] NIH, Roorkee, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Talley, Costellia H.] Amer Canc Soc, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Talley, Costellia H.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Talley, Costellia H.] Inst Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Talley, Costellia H.] Hlth People 2020, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Zhang, Yihong] Georgetown Univ, Lombardi Comprehens Canc Ctr, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Makambi, Kepher H.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Biostat, Washington, DC 20057 USA. EM mlc233@georgetown.edu OI Talley, Costellia/0000-0002-9336-9530 NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1062-2551 EI 1945-1474 J9 J HEALTHC QUAL JI J. Healthc. Qual. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 38 IS 3 BP 143 EP 163 DI 10.1097/JHQ.0000000000000046 PG 21 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA DN0UV UT WOS:000376782400003 PM 27152910 ER PT J AU Martin, AS Zhang, YJ Crawford, S Boulet, SL McKane, P Kissin, DM Jamieson, DJ AF Martin, Angela S. Zhang, Yujia Crawford, Sara Boulet, Sheree L. McKane, Patricia Kissin, Dmitry M. Jamieson, Denise J. CA States Monitoring Assisted Reprod TI Antenatal Hospitalizations Among Pregnancies Conceived With and Without Assisted Reproductive Technology SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; PRETERM BIRTH; PERINATAL OUTCOMES; METAANALYSIS; STATES; RISK AB OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of antenatal hospitalizations, compare characteristics of women with and without antenatal hospitalizations, and compare timing, length of stay, and reason for hospitalization among pregnancies conceived with and without assisted reproductive technology (ART). METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis using linked ART surveillance, vital records, and hospital discharge data from Michigan to calculate the hospitalization ratio as the number of antenatal admissions per 100 live birth deliveries for ART and non-ART deliveries during 2004-2012 and compare trends by ART status. We then restricted analysis to 2008-2012 and used logistic, multinomial, and Poisson regression analysis to model antenatal admissions, trimester of admission, and length of stay, respectively, for ART compared with non-ART deliveries. We examined reason for hospitalization by ART status. RESULTS: Between 2004 and 2012, the hospitalization ratio for ART deliveries decreased from 14.6 to 12.3 per 100 deliveries (P<.001). Of 557,708 live deliveries during 2008-2012, 22,763 (4.1%) had an antenatal hospitalization. Assisted reproductive technology was a risk factor for having any antenatal admission (singletons adjusted risk ratio [RR] 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.43-1.83; multiples adjusted RR 1.24, 95% CI 1.12-1.38) and two or more admissions (singletons adjusted RR 1.86, 95% CI 1.25-2.75; multiples adjusted RR 1.33, 95% CI 1.14-1.54). The percent of time (days) hospitalized during the antenatal period was greater for ART deliveries than non-ART deliveries (singleton adjusted RR 1.28, 95% CI 1.09-1.51; multiples adjusted RR 1.14, 95% CI 1.01-1.29). The most common reason for antenatal admission was preterm labor among all non-ART and multiple gestation deliveries and vaginal bleeding among ART singleton gestations. CONCLUSION: Deliveries after ART were associated with increased risk of antenatal admissions and longer hospitalizations compared with non-ART deliveries. C1 Emory Univ, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. Michigan Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Lansing, MI USA. RP Martin, AS (reprint author), Dept Gynecol & Obstet, 69 Jesse Hill Jr Dr SE,4th Floor,Glenn Bldg, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM amatlac@emory.edu NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 127 IS 5 BP 941 EP 950 DI 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001392 PG 10 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA DN3CW UT WOS:000376941000021 PM 27054936 ER PT J AU Connor, NE Islam, MS Arvay, ML Baqui, AH Zaidi, AK Soofi, SB Panigrahi, P Bose, A Islam, M El Arifeen, S Saha, SK Qazi, SA AF Connor, Nicholas E. Islam, Mohammad Shahidul Arvay, Melissa L. Baqui, Abdullah H. Zaidi, Anita K. Soofi, Sajid B. Panigrahi, Pinaki Bose, Anuradha Islam, Maksuda El Arifeen, Shams Saha, Samir K. Qazi, Shamim A. CA ANISA Methods Grp TI Methods Employed in Monitoring and Evaluating Field and Laboratory Systems in the ANISA Study Ensuring Quality SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE monitoring and evaluation; multi-site; ANISA; neonatal; surveillance; project design ID CARE AB Background: The Aetiology of Neonatal Infection in South Asia (ANISA) study maintains operations in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. We developed and deployed a multilayered monitoring system to measure performance indicators of field sites and laboratory operations. This system allows for real-time provision of feedback to study site teams and project stakeholders. The goal of this monitoring and evaluation system is to promote optimal performance and consistency in protocol application at all sites over the course of the study, thereby safeguarding the validity of project findings. This article describes each of the interdependent monitoring layers that were conceptualized, developed and employed by the ANISA coordination team. Methods: Layers of monitoring include site-level, central and database-related activities along with periodic site visitation. We provide a number of real-world examples of how feedback from the ANISA monitoring system directly informs a number of crucial decisions and course corrections during the project. Conclusion: The ANISA monitoring system represents a transparent, understandable and practical resource for development of project monitoring systems in complex multisite health research projects. C1 [Connor, Nicholas E.; El Arifeen, Shams] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Ctr Child & Adolescent Hlth, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Connor, Nicholas E.; Islam, Mohammad Shahidul; Islam, Maksuda; Saha, Samir K.] Child Hlth Res Fdn, 10-Ga,Rd 2, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh. [Arvay, Melissa L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baqui, Abdullah H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Int Ctr Maternal & Newborn Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Zaidi, Anita K.; Soofi, Sajid B.] Aga Khan Univ, Karachi, Pakistan. [Panigrahi, Pinaki] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Coll Publ Hlth, Ctr Global Hlth & Dev, Omaha, NE USA. [Bose, Anuradha] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. [Qazi, Shamim A.] WHO, Dept Maternal Newborn Child & Adolescent Hlth, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Connor, NE (reprint author), Child Hlth Res Fdn, 10-Ga,Rd 2, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh. EM nick@chrfbd.org OI Connor, Nicholas/0000-0002-5013-407X; Luby, Stephen/0000-0001-5385-899X FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OppGH5307] FX The ANISA study is funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Grant No. OppGH5307). The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 35 IS 5 SU 1 BP S39 EP S44 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000001105 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA DN6RJ UT WOS:000377203200009 PM 27070063 ER PT J AU Connor, NE Hossain, T Rahman, QSU Islam, MS Islam, M Hossain, B McGee, L Diaz, MH Schrag, SJ El Arifeen, S Saha, SK AF Connor, Nicholas E. Hossain, Tanvir Rahman, Qazi Sadeq-Ur Islam, Mohammad Shahidul Islam, Maksuda Hossain, Belal McGee, Lesley Diaz, Maureen Helen Schrag, Stephanie J. El Arifeen, Shams Saha, Samir K. CA ANISA Methods Grp TI Development and Implementation of the ANISA Labeling and Tracking System for Biological Specimens SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE specimen tracking; barcode; preanalytical error; ANISA; biorepository ID LABORATORY MEDICINE; TRANSFUSION SAFETY; ERRORS; IDENTIFICATION AB Background: The Aetiology of Neonatal Infection in South Asia study is a major effort to determine the causes of community-acquired neonatal infections. It involves collecting epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data in 5 sites in 3 countries. The field and laboratory research operations are streamlined to maintain integrity and validity while operating in complex and variable environments. We developed a customized system for implementation of labeling and tracking biological specimen in both rural and urban community settings and integrated into all study laboratories. This report outlines the development and implementation of this harmonized system. Design: The system links and tracks specimens with study participants and results generated from laboratory tests. Each biological specimen and its aliquots are tracked through key steps of the protocol, from collection and transport through molecular testing and long-term storage. Conclusion: The labeling and tracking system allows for standardization and monitoring of laboratory processes and improves the accuracy of Aetiology of Neonatal Infection in South Asia data. Community-based scientific projects could greatly benefit by adopting this, or a similar, system for specimen tracking and data linkage. C1 [Connor, Nicholas E.; Hossain, Tanvir; Rahman, Qazi Sadeq-Ur; El Arifeen, Shams] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Connor, Nicholas E.; Islam, Mohammad Shahidul; Islam, Maksuda; Hossain, Belal; Saha, Samir K.] Child Hlth Res Fdn, 10-Ga,Rd 2, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh. [McGee, Lesley; Diaz, Maureen Helen; Schrag, Stephanie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Connor, NE (reprint author), Child Hlth Res Fdn, 10-Ga,Rd 2, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh. EM nick@chrfbd.org OI Connor, Nicholas/0000-0002-5013-407X FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OppGH5307] FX The ANISA study is funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Grant No. OppGH5307). The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 35 IS 5 SU 1 BP S29 EP S34 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000001103 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA DN6RJ UT WOS:000377203200007 PM 27070060 ER PT J AU Hossain, B Weber, MW Hamer, DH Hibberd, PL Ahmed, ASMNU Marzan, M Islam, M Connor, NE Islam, MS Zaidi, AK Baqui, AH Bhutta, ZA Qureshi, SM Rafiqullah, I McGee, L Saha, SK AF Hossain, Belal Weber, Martin W. Hamer, Davidson H. Hibberd, Patricia L. Ahmed, A. S. M. Nawshad Uddin Marzan, Mahfuza Islam, Maksuda Connor, Nicholas E. Islam, Mohammad Shahidul Zaidi, Anita K. Baqui, Abdullah H. Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Qureshi, Shahida M. Rafiqullah, Iftekhar McGee, Lesley Saha, Samir K. TI Classification of Blood Culture Isolates Into Contaminants and Pathogens on the Basis of Clinical and Laboratory Data SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE neonate; infection; blood culture; contamination; ANISA ID POPULATION-BASED INCIDENCE; BANGLADESH; ETIOLOGY AB The multisite community-based study, Aetiology of Neonatal Infection in South Asia (ANISA), uses blood culture as the gold standard for identifying the etiology of neonatal infection. Considering the importance of this age-old diagnostic tool and the risk of contamination, ANISA has employed rigorous measures to prevent contamination at all stages of blood collection, processing and culture. Because contamination may still occur, an independent expert group evaluates the routinely collected clinical and laboratory data to determine whether a blood culture isolate is a contaminant or a true pathogen. This article describes the methodology used by ANISA to determine whether a blood culture isolate is likely to be a true pathogen or a contaminant in neonatal sepsis. C1 [Hossain, Belal; Ahmed, A. S. M. Nawshad Uddin; Marzan, Mahfuza; Islam, Maksuda; Islam, Mohammad Shahidul; Rafiqullah, Iftekhar; Saha, Samir K.] Child Hlth Res Fdn, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Weber, Martin W.] WHO, Child & Adolescent Hlth Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Global Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA USA. [Hibberd, Patricia L.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Global Hlth, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Connor, Nicholas E.] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Ctr Child & Adolescent Hlth, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Zaidi, Anita K.; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Qureshi, Shahida M.] Aga Khan Univ, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Karachi, Pakistan. [Baqui, Abdullah H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [McGee, Lesley] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Streptococcus Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hamer, DH (reprint author), Ctr Global Hlth & Dev, Crosstown 3rd Floor,801 Massachusetts Ave, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM dhamer@bu.edu OI Connor, Nicholas/0000-0002-5013-407X FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPPGH5307] FX The ANISA study is funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (grant no. OPPGH5307). The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 35 IS 5 SU 1 BP S52 EP S54 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000001107 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA DN6RJ UT WOS:000377203200011 PM 27070065 ER PT J AU Rahman, QSU Islam, MS Hossain, B Hossain, T Connor, NE Jaman, MJ Rahman, MM Ahmed, ASMNU Ahmed, I Ali, M Moin, SMI Mullany, L Saha, SK El Arifeen, S AF Rahman, Qazi Sadeq-Ur Islam, Mohammad Shahidul Hossain, Belal Hossain, Tanvir Connor, Nicholas E. Jaman, Md. Jahiduj Rahman, Md. Mahmudur Ahmed, A. S. M. Nawshad Uddin Ahmed, Imran Ali, Murtaza Moin, Syed Mamun Ibne Mullany, Luke Saha, Samir K. El Arifeen, Shams CA ANISA Methods Grp TI Centralized Data Management in a Multicountry, Multisite Population-based Study SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE data management; population-based; young infants; multicenter; ANISA AB A centralized data management system was developed for data collection and processing for the Aetiology of Neonatal Infection in South Asia (ANISA) study. ANISA is a longitudinal cohort study involving neonatal infection surveillance and etiology detection in multiple sites in South Asia. The primary goal of designing such a system was to collect and store data from different sites in a standardized way to pool the data for analysis. Methods: We designed the data management system centrally and implemented it to enable data entry at individual sites. This system uses validation rules and audit that reduce errors. The study sites employ a dual data entry method to minimize keystroke errors. They upload collected data weekly to a central server via internet to create a pooled central database. Any inconsistent data identified in the central database are flagged and corrected after discussion with the relevant site. The ANISA Data Coordination Centre in Dhaka provides technical support for operations, maintenance and updating the data management system centrally. Password-protected login identifications and audit trails are maintained for the management system to ensure the integrity and safety of stored data. Conclusion: Centralized management of the ANISA database helps to use common data capture forms (DCFs), adapted to site-specific contextual requirements. DCFs and data entry interfaces allow on-site data entry. This reduces the workload as DCFs do not need to be shipped to a single location for entry. It also improves data quality as all collected data from ANISA goes through the same quality check and cleaning process. C1 [Rahman, Qazi Sadeq-Ur; Hossain, Tanvir; Connor, Nicholas E.; Jaman, Md. Jahiduj; El Arifeen, Shams] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Ctr Child & Adolescent Hlth, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. [Islam, Mohammad Shahidul; Hossain, Belal; Rahman, Md. Mahmudur; Ahmed, A. S. M. Nawshad Uddin; Saha, Samir K.] Child Hlth Res Fdn, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Moin, Syed Mamun Ibne; Mullany, Luke] Johns Hopkins Univ, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Int Ctr Maternal & Newborn Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Ahmed, Imran; Ali, Murtaza] Aga Khan Univ, Karachi, Pakistan. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP El Arifeen, S (reprint author), Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Ctr Child & Adolescent Hlth, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. EM shams@icddrb.org OI Connor, Nicholas/0000-0002-5013-407X; Luby, Stephen/0000-0001-5385-899X FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPPGH5307] FX The ANISA study is funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Grant No. OPPGH5307). The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 35 IS 5 SU 1 BP S23 EP S28 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000001102 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA DN6RJ UT WOS:000377203200006 PM 27070059 ER PT J AU Saha, SK El Arifeen, S Schrag, SJ AF Saha, Samir K. El Arifeen, Shams Schrag, Stephanie J. TI Aetiology of Neonatal Infection in South Asia (ANISA) An Initiative to Identify Appropriate Program Priorities to Save Newborns SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID POPULATION-BASED INCIDENCE; YOUNG INFANTS; BANGLADESH; BACTEREMIA; TRIAL C1 [Saha, Samir K.] Dhaka Shishu Hosp, Dept Microbiol, Child Hlth Res Fdn, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [El Arifeen, Shams] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Ctr Child & Adolescent Hlth, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Schrag, Stephanie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Saha, SK (reprint author), Dhaka Shishu Childrens Hosp, Dept Microbiol, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh. EM samir.sks@gmail.com FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OppGH5307] FX The ANISA study is funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Grant No. OppGH5307). The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 35 IS 5 SU 1 BP S6 EP S8 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000001099 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA DN6RJ UT WOS:000377203200003 PM 27070067 ER PT J AU Saha, SK Islam, MS Qureshi, SM Hossain, B Islam, M Zaidi, AK Modak, JK Al-Emran, HM Diaz, MH McGee, L Winchell, JM AF Saha, Samir K. Islam, Mohammad Shahidul Qureshi, Shahida M. Hossain, Belal Islam, Maksuda Zaidi, Anita K. Modak, Joyanta K. Al-Emran, Hasan M. Diaz, Maureen H. McGee, Lesley Winchell, Jonas M. CA ANISA Methods Grp TI Laboratory Methods for Determining Etiology of Neonatal Infection at Population-based Sites in South Asia The ANISA Study SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ANISA; etiology; neonatal; sepsis; blood culture; molecular diagnostics ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; BLOOD CULTURE; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; BACTEREMIA; PATHOGENS; DIAGNOSIS; SEPSIS AB Background: The Aetiology of Neonatal Infection in South Asia (ANISA) study aims to determine the etiology of neonatal infections in 5 population-based sites in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. Methods: The main laboratory challenges in ANISA were selection and consistent implementation of laboratory methods at participating sites with varied infrastructure. The other specific challenges included (1) specimen collection and transport to designated study laboratories and timely processing in rural settings; (2) minimal or nonexistent laboratory facilities at the field sites; (3) obtaining sufficient volumes of blood from enrolled infants aged 0-59 days and (4) caregivers' concerns about collection of clinical specimens from young infants. An additional challenge was selecting an appropriate molecular platform from multiple available options, all with limited field validation, for use in determining infection in young infants. Conclusions: This article describes how the challenges of specimen collection, transport and processing and implementation of laboratory methods have been addressed in the ANISA study. It also describes the measures taken to improve detection of microorganisms causing young infant infections by enhancing the sensitivity of existing laboratory methods for pathogen detection. C1 [Saha, Samir K.; Islam, Mohammad Shahidul; Hossain, Belal; Islam, Maksuda; Modak, Joyanta K.; Al-Emran, Hasan M.] Child Hlth Res Fdn, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Qureshi, Shahida M.; Zaidi, Anita K.] Aga Khan Univ, Karachi, Pakistan. [Diaz, Maureen H.; McGee, Lesley; Winchell, Jonas M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Saha, SK (reprint author), Dhaka Shishu Childrens Hosp, Dept Microbiol, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh. EM samir@chrfbd.org FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPPGH5307] FX The ANISA study is funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (grant no. OPPGH5307). The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 35 IS 5 SU 1 BP S16 EP S22 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000001101 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA DN6RJ UT WOS:000377203200005 PM 27070058 ER PT J AU Elsiesy, H Hussain, I Abaalkhail, F Al-Hamoudi, W Al Sebayel, M Albeshbeshy, H Al Fawaz, S Althawadi, S Alotaibi, J Al-Hindi, H Nair, P Al-Otaibi, T Orciari, L Velasco-Villa, A Halim, M Franka, R Willoughby, R AF Elsiesy, Hussien Hussain, Iqbal Abaalkhail, Faisal Al-Hamoudi, Waleed Al Sebayel, Mohamed Albeshbeshy, Hany Al Fawaz, Sarah Althawadi, Sahar Alotaibi, Jawaher Al-Hindi, Hindi Nair, Prasad Al-Otaibi, Torki Orciari, Lillian Velasco-Villa, Andres Halim, Magid Franka, Richard Willoughby, Rodney TI Donor Transmitted Rabies Outbreak Involving Four Transplant Recipients SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual International Congress of the International-Liver-Transplantation-Society (ILTS) CY MAY 04-07, 2016 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Liver Transplantat Soc C1 [Elsiesy, Hussien; Hussain, Iqbal; Abaalkhail, Faisal; Al-Hamoudi, Waleed; Al Sebayel, Mohamed; Albeshbeshy, Hany; Al Fawaz, Sarah; Althawadi, Sahar; Alotaibi, Jawaher; Al-Hindi, Hindi; Halim, Magid] King Faisal Specialist Hosp & Res Ctr, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia. [Elsiesy, Hussien; Abaalkhail, Faisal; Al-Hamoudi, Waleed] ALfaisal Univ, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Al-Hamoudi, Waleed] King Saud Univ, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Nair, Prasad; Al-Otaibi, Torki] Ibn Sina Hosp, Hamed Al Essa Organ Transplant Ctr, Kuwait, Kuwait. [Orciari, Lillian; Velasco-Villa, Andres; Franka, Richard] CDC, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, DHCPP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Willoughby, Rodney] Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0041-1337 EI 1534-6080 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD MAY PY 2016 VL 100 SU 5 MA P-198 BP S194 EP S194 PG 1 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA DN5QY UT WOS:000377126400373 ER PT J AU Park, S Blanck, HM Dooyema, CA Ayala, GX AF Park, Sohyun Blanck, Heidi M. Dooyema, Carrie A. Ayala, Guadalupe X. TI Association Between Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake and Proxies of Acculturation Among US Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Adults SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION LA English DT Article DE sugar-sweetened beverages; hispanic; acculturation; language; birthplace; prevention research ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; CALORIC BEVERAGES; CONSUMPTION; RISK; WOMEN; OBESITY; MEN; QUESTIONNAIRE; CHILDREN AB Purpose: This study examined associations between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake and acculturation among a sample representing civilian noninstitutionalized U.S. adults. Design: Quantitative, cross-sectional study. Setting: National. Subjects: The 2010 National Health Interview Survey data for 17,142 Hispanics and U.S.-born non-Hispanic whites (>= 18 years). Measures: The outcome variable was daily SSB intake (nondiet soda, fruit drinks, sports drinks, energy drinks, and sweetened coffee/tea drinks). Exposure variables were Hispanic ethnicity and proxies of acculturation (language of interview, birthplace, and years living in the United States). Analysis: We used multivariate logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for the exposure variables associated with drinking SSB >= 1 time/d after controlling for covariates. Results: The adjusted odds of drinking SSB >= 1 time/d was significantly higher among Hispanics who completed the interview in Spanish (OR = 1.65) than U.S.-born non-Hispanic whites. Compared with those who lived in the United States for < 5 years, the adjusted odds of drinking SSB >= 1 time/d was higher among adults who lived in the United States for 5 to < 10 years (OR = 2.72), those who lived in the United States for 10 to < 15 years (OR = 2.90), and those who lived in the United States for >= 15 years (OR = 2.41). However, birthplace was not associated with daily SSB intake. Conclusion: The acculturation process is complex and these findings contribute to identifying important subpopulations that may benefit from targeted intervention to reduce SSB intake. C1 [Park, Sohyun; Blanck, Heidi M.; Dooyema, Carrie A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE,Mailstop F77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ayala, Guadalupe X.] San Diego State Univ, Div Hlth Promot & Behav Sci, Inst Behav & Community Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Ayala, Guadalupe X.] San Diego Prevent Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. RP Park, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE,Mailstop F77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM spark3@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0890-1171 EI 2168-6602 J9 AM J HEALTH PROMOT JI Am. J. Health Promot. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 30 IS 5 BP 357 EP 364 DI 10.1177/0890117116646343 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM4GG UT WOS:000376304300007 PM 27404644 ER PT J AU Zhang, L Malarcher, A Babb, S Mann, N Davis, K Campbell, K Schauer, G Alexander, R Debrot, K Rodes, R AF Zhang, Lei Malarcher, Ann Babb, Steve Mann, Nathan Davis, Kevin Campbell, Kelsey Schauer, Gillian Alexander, Robert Debrot, Karen Rodes, Robert TI The Impact of a National Tobacco Education Campaign on State-Specific Quitline Calls SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION LA English DT Article DE tobacco control; quitline; mass media campaign; state; prevention research ID SMOKING-CESSATION; TELEVISION ADVERTISEMENTS; WEBSITE VISITORS; MEDIA CAMPAIGN; UNITED-STATES AB Purpose: The ads from the first federally funded national tobacco education campaign, Tips From Former Smokers (Tips), considerably increased quitline calls nationwide. This study evaluates the effect of Tips on state-specific quitline calls. Design: Precampaign, during-campaign, and postcampaign comparison; regression modeling. Setting: All fifty states as well as the District of Columbia. Subjects: Calls to state quitlines. Intervention: Tips. Measures: Tips campaign exposure was measured by gross rating points (GRPs). Calls to quitline's 1-800-QUIT-NOW were assigned to markets in each state based on their area codes. Analysis: Multivariate regression was used to assess the relationship between calls to state quitlines and media market-level Tips GRPs, while controlling for market and area code characteristics. Results: Nationally, every 100 Tips GRPs per week at the market level was associated with an average of 45 additional quitline calls in each area code (beta = 44.65, p < .001). Tips GRPs were associated with significant increases in quitline calls in 46 states and the District of Columbia, of which 11 experienced effects significantly larger than the national average and 5 experienced significantly smaller effects. We were unable to detect statistically significant effects of GRPs on call volumes for four states. Graphically, call volumes in those states followed Tips GRPs. Conclusion: The Tips campaign significantly increased calls to quitlines for almost all the states. These findings underscore the effectiveness of national tobacco media campaigns for reaching state audiences. C1 [Zhang, Lei; Malarcher, Ann; Babb, Steve; Schauer, Gillian; Alexander, Robert; Debrot, Karen; Rodes, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,NE,Mailstop F79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mann, Nathan; Davis, Kevin; Campbell, Kelsey] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Zhang, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,NE,Mailstop F79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lzhang2@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2007-20016/0021] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (task order: 200-2007-20016/0021). NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0890-1171 EI 2168-6602 J9 AM J HEALTH PROMOT JI Am. J. Health Promot. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 30 IS 5 BP 374 EP 381 DI 10.1177/0890117116646344 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM4GG UT WOS:000376304300009 PM 27404646 ER PT J AU Jacobs-Wingo, JL Espey, DK Groom, AV Phillips, LE Haverkamp, DS Stanley, SL AF Jacobs-Wingo, Jasmine L. Espey, David K. Groom, Amy V. Phillips, Leslie E. Haverkamp, Donald S. Stanley, Sandte L. TI Causes and Disparities in Death Rates Among Urban American Indian and Alaska Native Populations, 1999-2009 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC LIVER-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; RACIAL MISCLASSIFICATION; INDIANS/ALASKA NATIVES; DIABETES PREVENTION; HEALTH DISPARITIES; CANCER-MORTALITY; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; CHILDREN; INJURY AB Objectives. To characterize the leading causes of death for the urban American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) population and compare with urban White and rural AI/AN populations. Methods. We linked Indian Health Service patient registration records with the National Death Index to reduce racial misclassification in death certificate data. We calculated age-adjusted urban AI/AN death rates for the period 1999-2009 and compared those with corresponding urban White and rural AI/AN death rates. Results. The top-5 leading causes of death among urban AI/AN persons were heart disease, cancer, unintentional injury, diabetes, and chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Compared with urban White persons, urban AI/AN persons experienced significantly higher death rates for all top-5 leading causes. The largest disparities were for diabetes and chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. In general, urban and rural AI/AN persons had the same leading causes of death, although urban AI/AN persons had lower death rates for most conditions. Conclusions. Urban AI/AN persons experience significant disparities in death rates compared with their White counterparts. Public health and clinical interventions should target urban AI/AN persons to address behaviors and conditions contributing to health disparities. C1 [Jacobs-Wingo, Jasmine L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off State Tribal Local & Terr Support, Atlanta, GA USA. [Espey, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Groom, Amy V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Phillips, Leslie E.] Urban Indian Hlth Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Haverkamp, Donald S.; Stanley, Sandte L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jacobs-Wingo, JL (reprint author), 42-09 28th St, Long Isl City, NY 11101 USA. EM wvi2@cdc.gov NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD MAY PY 2016 VL 106 IS 5 BP 906 EP 914 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2015.303033 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM2ME UT WOS:000376180100048 PM 26890168 ER PT J AU Basile, KC Breiding, MJ Smith, SG AF Basile, Kathleen C. Breiding, Matthew J. Smith, Sharon G. TI Disability and Risk of Recent Sexual Violence in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; MENTAL-ILLNESS; WOMEN; ABUSE; PREVALENCE; VICTIMIZATION; ASSAULT; ADULTS; DISEASE; STIGMA AB Objectives. To examine the relative prevalence of recent (past 12 months) penetrative and nonpenetrative sexual violence comparing men and women with and without a disability. Methods. Data are from the 2010 National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, a national telephone survey of US adults, and includes an expansive measure of sexual violence victimization. A total of 9086 women and 7421 men completed the telephone survey in 2010. Results. Compared with persons without a disability, persons with a disability were at increased risk for recent rape for women (adjusted odds ratio = 3.3; 95% confidence interval = 1.6, 6.7), and being made to penetrate a perpetrator for men (adjusted odds ratio = 4.2; 95% confidence interval = 1.6, 10.8). An estimated 39% of women raped in the 12 months preceding the survey had a disability at the time of the rape. For women and men, having a disability was associated with an increased risk of sexual coercion and noncontact unwanted sexual experiences. Conclusions. In this nationally representative sample, men and women with a disability were at increased risk for recent sexual violence, compared to those without a disability. C1 [Basile, Kathleen C.; Smith, Sharon G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Breiding, Matthew J.] Natl Ctr Injury Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Breiding, Matthew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Basile, KC (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kbasile@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 9 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD MAY PY 2016 VL 106 IS 5 BP 928 EP 933 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2015.303004 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM2ME UT WOS:000376180100052 PM 26890182 ER PT J AU Luetkemeyer, AF Firnhaber, C Kendall, MA Wu, XY Mazurek, GH Benator, DA Arduino, R Fernandez, M Guy, E Johnson, P Metchock, B Sattler, F Telzak, E Wang, YF Weiner, M Swindells, S Sanne, IM Havlir, DV Grinsztejn, B Alland, D AF Luetkemeyer, Anne F. Firnhaber, Cynthia Kendall, Michelle A. Wu, Xingye Mazurek, Gerald H. Benator, Debra A. Arduino, Roberto Fernandez, Michel Guy, Elizabeth Johnson, Pamela Metchock, Beverly Sattler, Fred Telzak, Edward Wang, Yun F. Weiner, Marc Swindells, Susan Sanne, Ian M. Havlir, Diane V. Grinsztejn, Beatriz Alland, David CA AIDS Clinical Trials Grp A5295 TB Trials Consortium Study 34 Team TI Evaluation of Xpert MTB/RIF Versus AFB Smear and Culture to Identify Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Patients With Suspected Tuberculosis From Low and Higher Prevalence Settings SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Xpert MTB/RIF; tuberculosis diagnosis; respiratory isolation; nontuberculous mycobacteria; HIV/tuberculosis coinfection ID DETECTING MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; UNITED-STATES; ASSAY AB Background. The Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) assay is a rapid nucleic acid amplification test widely used in settings of high tuberculosis prevalence to detect tuberculosis as well as rpoB mutations associated with rifampin resistance. Data are needed on the diagnostic performance of Xpert in lower-prevalence settings to inform appropriate use for both tuberculosis detection and the need for respiratory isolation. Methods. Xpert was compared to 2 sputum samples, each evaluated with acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear and mycobacterial culture using liquid and solid culture media, from participants with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis from the United States, Brazil, and South Africa. Results. Of 992 participants enrolled with evaluable results, 22% had culture-confirmed tuberculosis. In 638 (64%) US participants, 1 Xpert result demonstrated sensitivity of 85.2% (96.7% in participants with AFB smear-positive [AFB(+)] sputum, 59.3% with AFB smear-negative [AFB(-)] sputum), specificity of 99.2%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 97.6%, and positive predictive value of 94.9%. Results did not differ between higher-and low-prevalence settings. A second Xpert assay increased overall sensitivity to 91.1% (100% if AFB(+), 71.4% if AFB(-)), with specificity of 98.9%. In US participants, a single negative Xpert result predicted the absence of AFB(+)/culture-positive tuberculosis with an NPV of 99.7%; NPV of 2 Xpert assays was 100%, suggesting a role in removing patients from airborne infection isolation. Xpert detected tuberculosis DNA and mutations associated with rifampin resistance in 5 of 7 participants with rifampin-resistant, culture-positive tuberculosis. Specificity for rifampin resistance was 99.5% and NPV was 98.9%. Conclusions. In the United States, Xpert testing performed comparably to 2 higher-tuberculosis-prevalence settings. These data support the use of Xpert in the initial evaluation of tuberculosis suspects and in algorithms assessing need for respiratory isolation. C1 [Luetkemeyer, Anne F.; Havlir, Diane V.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div HIV Infect Dis & Global Med, Box 0874,Bldg 80,995 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. [Firnhaber, Cynthia] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Clin HIV Res Unit, Dept Internal Med, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Firnhaber, Cynthia; Sanne, Ian M.] Right Care, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Kendall, Michelle A.; Wu, Xingye] Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Biostat AIDS Res, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Mazurek, Gerald H.; Metchock, Beverly] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Benator, Debra A.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, 50 Irving St NW, Washington, DC 20422 USA. [Benator, Debra A.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. [Arduino, Roberto] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Div Infect Dis, Dept Internal Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Fernandez, Michel] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Tarrant Cty Hlth Dept, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Guy, Elizabeth] Baylor Coll Med, Ben Taub Gen Hosp, Sect Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Johnson, Pamela] Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA USA. [Sattler, Fred] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Telzak, Edward] Albert Einstein Coll Med, St Barnabus Hosp Hlth Syst, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Wang, Yun F.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Grady Mem Hosp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weiner, Marc] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Swindells, Susan] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Internal Med Infect Dis, Lincoln, NE USA. [Sanne, Ian M.] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Internal Med, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Grinsztejn, Beatriz] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Pesquisa Clin Evandro Chagas Fiocruz, Dept Infect Dis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Alland, David] Rutgers New Jersey Med Sch, Div Infect Dis, Newark, NJ USA. RP Luetkemeyer, AF (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div HIV Infect Dis & Global Med, Box 0874,Bldg 80,995 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM annie.luetkemeyer@ucsf.edu RI Kendall, Michelle/B-7665-2016 OI Kendall, Michelle/0000-0001-9160-4544 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases through the ACTG [AI068634, U01AI068636, UM1 AI106701]; CDC through the TBTC; Division of Tuberculosis Elimination; National Center for HIV; Viral Hepatitis; STD; TB Prevention; National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases through the ACTG (grant numbers AI068634, U01AI068636, and UM1 AI106701); the CDC through the TBTC and the Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention; the National Institute of Mental Health, and the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 9 BP 1081 EP 1088 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw035 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IO UT WOS:000376381800004 PM 26839383 ER PT J AU Tomczyk, S Lynfield, R Schaffner, W Reingold, A Miller, L Petit, S Holtzman, C Zansky, SM Thomas, A Baumbach, J Harrison, LH Farley, MM Beall, B Mcgee, L Gierke, R Pondo, T Kim, L AF Tomczyk, Sara Lynfield, Ruth Schaffner, William Reingold, Arthur Miller, Lisa Petit, Susan Holtzman, Corinne Zansky, Shelley M. Thomas, Ann Baumbach, Joan Harrison, Lee H. Farley, Monica M. Beall, Bernard Mcgee, Lesley Gierke, Ryan Pondo, Tracy Kim, Lindsay TI Prevention of Antibiotic-Nonsusceptible Invasive Pneumococcal Disease With the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE antibiotic nonsusceptibility; resistance; Streptococcus pneumoniae; pneumococcal conjugate vaccine ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; UNITED-STATES; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; CHILDREN YOUNGER; SEROTYPE 19A; POPULATION; BURDEN; IMPACT AB Background. Antibiotic-nonsusceptible invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) decreased substantially after the US introduction of the pediatric 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in 2000. However, rates of antibiotic-nonsusceptible non-PCV7type IPD increased during 2004-2009. In 2010, the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) replaced PCV7. We assessed the impact of PCV13 on antibiotic-nonsusceptible IPD rates. Methods. We defined IPD as pneumococcal isolation from a normally sterile site in a resident from 10 US surveillance sites. Antibiotic-nonsusceptible isolates were those intermediate or resistant to >= 1 antibiotic classes according to 2012 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute breakpoints. We examined rates of antibiotic nonsusceptibility and estimated cases prevented between observed cases of antibiotic-nonsusceptible IPD and cases that would have occurred if PCV13 had not been introduced. Results. From 2009 to 2013, rates of antibiotic-nonsusceptible IPD caused by serotypes included in PCV13 but not in PCV7 decreased from 6.5 to 0.5 per 100 000 in children aged <5 years and from 4.4 to 1.4 per 100 000 in adults aged >= 65 years. During 2010-2013, we estimated that 1636 and 1327 cases of antibiotic-nonsusceptible IPD caused by serotypes included in PCV13 but not PCV7 were prevented among children aged <5 years (-97% difference) and among adults aged >= 65 years (-64% difference), respectively. Although we observed small increases in antibiotic-nonsusceptible IPD caused by non-PCV13 serotypes, no non-PCV13 serotype dominated among antibiotic-nonsusceptible strains. Conclusions. After PCV13 introduction, antibiotic-nonsusceptible IPD decreased in multiple age groups. Continued surveillance is needed to monitor trends of nonvaccine serotypes. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines are important tools in the approach to combat antibiotic resistance. C1 [Tomczyk, Sara] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Tomczyk, Sara; Beall, Bernard; Mcgee, Lesley; Gierke, Ryan; Pondo, Tracy; Kim, Lindsay] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Lynfield, Ruth; Holtzman, Corinne] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Reingold, Arthur] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Miller, Lisa] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Petit, Susan] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. [Zansky, Shelley M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Baumbach, Joan] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Tomczyk, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM xdj2@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 9 BP 1119 EP 1125 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw067 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IO UT WOS:000376381800009 PM 26908787 ER PT J AU Armah, G Pringle, K Enweronu-Laryea, CC Ansong, D Mwenda, JM Diamenu, SK Narh, C Lartey, B Binka, F Grytdal, S Patel, M Parashar, U Lopman, B AF Armah, George Pringle, Kimberly Enweronu-Laryea, Christabel C. Ansong, Daniel Mwenda, Jason M. Diamenu, Stanley K. Narh, Clement Lartey, Belinda Binka, Fred Grytdal, Scott Patel, Manish Parashar, Umesh Lopman, Ben TI Impact and Effectiveness of Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccine Against Severe Rotavirus Diarrhea in Ghana SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Ghana; rotavirus; surveillance; case-control; vaccine effectiveness ID THAN 5 YEARS; AFRICAN INFANTS; CHILDREN; AGE; PENTAVALENT; GASTROENTERITIS; STRAINS; DISEASE AB Background. Ghana was among the first African nations to introduce monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1) into its childhood immunization schedule in April 2012. We aimed to assess the impact of vaccine introduction on rotavirus and acute gastroenteritis (AGE) hospitalizations and to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE). Methods.aEuro integral Using data from 2 teaching hospitals, monthly AGE and rotavirus admissions by age were examined 40 months before and 31 months after RV1 introduction using interrupted time-series analyses. From January 2013, we enrolled children < 2 years of age who were eligible for RV1 from a total of 7 sentinel sites across the country. To estimate VE, we fit unconditional logistic regression models to calculate odds ratios of vaccination by rotavirus case-patient status, controlling for potential confounders. Results.aEuro integral Vaccine coverage ranged from 95% to 100% for dose 1 and 93% to 100% for dose 2. In the first 3 years after vaccine introduction, the percentage of hospital admissions positive for rotavirus fell from 48% in the prevaccine period to 28% (49% adjusted rate reduction; 95% confidence interval [CI], 32%-63%) postvaccination among < 5-year-olds. With high vaccine coverage, it was not possible to arrive at robust VE estimates; any-dose VE against rotavirus hospitalization was estimated at 60% (95% CI, -2% to 84%; P = .056). Conclusions.aEuro integral Results from the first 3 years following RV1 introduction suggest substantial reductions of pediatric diarrheal disease as a result of vaccination. Our VE estimate is consistent with the observed rotavirus decrease and with efficacy estimates from elsewhere in sub-Saharan Africa. C1 [Armah, George; Narh, Clement; Lartey, Belinda] Univ Ghana, Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Accra, Ghana. [Pringle, Kimberly; Grytdal, Scott; Patel, Manish; Parashar, Umesh; Lopman, Ben] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Enweronu-Laryea, Christabel C.] Univ Ghana, Sch Med & Dent, Coll Hlth Sci, Accra, Ghana. [Ansong, Daniel] Komfo Anokye Teaching Hosp, Kumasi, Ghana. [Mwenda, Jason M.] WHO, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Rep Congo. [Diamenu, Stanley K.] Ghana World Hlth Org, Country Off, Accra, Ghana. [Narh, Clement; Binka, Fred] Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Hohoe, Ghana. RP Lopman, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM blopman@cdc.gov FU Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance FX This work was supported by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, through a grant to the CDC Foundation. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S200 EP S207 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw014 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400017 PM 27059357 ER PT J AU Bar-Zeev, N Tate, JE Pecenka, C Chikafa, J Mvula, H Wachepa, R Mwansambo, C Mhango, T Chirwa, G Crampin, AC Parashar, UD Costello, A Heyderman, RS French, N Atherly, D Cunliffe, NA AF Bar-Zeev, Naor Tate, Jacqueline E. Pecenka, Clint Chikafa, Jean Mvula, Hazzie Wachepa, Richard Mwansambo, Charles Mhango, Themba Chirwa, Geoffrey Crampin, Amelia C. Parashar, Umesh D. Costello, Anthony Heyderman, Robert S. French, Neil Atherly, Deborah Cunliffe, Nigel A. CA VACSURV Consortium TI Cost-Effectiveness of Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccination of Infants in Malawi: A Postintroduction Analysis Using Individual Patient-Level Costing Data SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus vaccine; cost-effectiveness; developing countries ID SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; DIARRHEAL DISEASE; CHILD-MORTALITY; BURDEN; IMPACT; HEALTH; IMMUNIZATION; PROGRAM; TIME AB Background. Rotavirus vaccination reduces childhood hospitalization in Africa, but cost-effectiveness has not been determined using real-world effectiveness and costing data. We sought to determine monovalent rotavirus vaccine cost-effectiveness in Malawi, one of Africa's poorest countries and the first Gavi-eligible country to report disease reduction following introduction in 2012. Methods.aEuro integral This was a prospective cohort study of children with acute gastroenteritis at a rural primary health center, a rural first referral-level hospital and an urban regional referral hospital in Malawi. For each participant we itemized household costs of illness and direct medical expenditures incurred. We also collected Ministry of Health vaccine implementation costs. Using a standard tool (TRIVAC), we derived cost-effectiveness. Results.aEuro integral Between 1 January 2013 and 21 November 2014, we recruited 530 children aged < 5 years with gastroenteritis. Costs did not differ by rotavirus test result, but were significantly higher for admitted children and those with increased severity on Vesikari scale. Adding rotavirus vaccine to the national schedule costs Malawi $0.42 per dose in system costs. Vaccine copayment is an additional $0.20. Over 20 years, the vaccine program will avert 1 026 000 cases of rotavirus gastroenteritis, 78 000 inpatient admissions, 4300 deaths, and 136 000 disability-adjusted-life-years (DALYs). For this year's birth cohort, it will avert 54 000 cases of rotavirus and 281 deaths in children aged < 5 years. The program will cost $10.5 million and save $8.0 million in averted healthcare costs. Societal cost per DALY averted was $10, and the cost per rotavirus case averted was $1. Conclusions.aEuro integral Gastroenteritis causes substantial economic burden to Malawi. The rotavirus vaccine program is highly cost-effective. Together with the demonstrated impact of rotavirus vaccine in reducing population hospitalization burden, its cost-effectiveness makes a strong argument for widespread utilization in other low-income, high-burden settings. C1 [Bar-Zeev, Naor; Chikafa, Jean; Wachepa, Richard; Heyderman, Robert S.; French, Neil] Univ Malawi, Coll Med, Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clin Res Programm, POB 30096, Blantyre 3, Malawi. [Bar-Zeev, Naor; French, Neil; Cunliffe, Nigel A.] Univ Liverpool, Inst Infect & Global Hlth, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pecenka, Clint; Atherly, Deborah] Program Appropriate Technol Hlth, Seattle, WA USA. [Mvula, Hazzie; Crampin, Amelia C.] Karonga Prevent Study, Chilumba, Karonga, Malawi. [Mwansambo, Charles; Mhango, Themba; Chirwa, Geoffrey] Minist Hlth, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Crampin, Amelia C.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London, England. [Costello, Anthony] UCL, Inst Global Hlth, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Heyderman, Robert S.] UCL, Div Infect & Immun, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Heyderman, Robert S.] Univ Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. RP Bar-Zeev, N (reprint author), Univ Malawi, Coll Med, Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clin Res Programm, POB 30096, Blantyre 3, Malawi. EM naor.bar-zeev@liverpool.ac.uk FU Wellcome Trust [091909]; PATH FX This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust (program grant number 091909; also a strategic award for the MLW Programme and the Karonga Prevention Study); and PATH. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S220 EP S228 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1025 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400020 PM 27059360 ER PT J AU Bar-Zeev, N Jere, KC Bennett, A Pollock, L Tate, JE Nakagomi, O Iturriza-Gomara, M Costello, A Mwansambo, C Parashar, UD Heyderman, RS French, N Cunliffe, NA AF Bar-Zeev, Naor Jere, Khuzwayo C. Bennett, Aisleen Pollock, Louisa Tate, Jacqueline E. Nakagomi, Osamu Iturriza-Gomara, Miren Costello, Anthony Mwansambo, Charles Parashar, Umesh D. Heyderman, Robert S. French, Neil Cunliffe, Nigel A. CA Vaccine Effectiveness Dis Surveill Malawi VACSURV Consortium TI Population Impact and Effectiveness of Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccination in Urban Malawian Children 3 Years After Vaccine Introduction: Ecological and Case-Control Analyses SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus vaccine; population impact; vaccine effectiveness; developing countries; case-control ID CONTROLLED-TRIAL; AFRICAN INFANTS; SEVERE DIARRHEA; EFFICACY; STRAINS; GASTROENTERITIS; PREDOMINANCE; BLANTYRE; SURVEILLANCE; MORTALITY AB Background. Rotavirus vaccines have been introduced in many low-income African countries including Malawi in 2012. Despite early evidence of vaccine impact, determining persistence of protection beyond infancy, the utility of the vaccine against specific rotavirus genotypes, and effectiveness in vulnerable subgroups is important. Methods.aEuro integral We compared rotavirus prevalence in diarrheal stool and hospitalization incidence before and following rotavirus vaccine introduction in Malawi. Using case-control analysis, we derived vaccine effectiveness (VE) in the second year of life and for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed and stunted children. Results.aEuro integral Rotavirus prevalence declined concurrent with increasing vaccine coverage, and in 2015 was 24% compared with prevaccine mean baseline in 1997-2011 of 32%. Since vaccine introduction, population rotavirus hospitalization incidence declined in infants by 54.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32.8-68.8), but did not fall in older children. Comparing 241 rotavirus cases with 692 test-negative controls, VE was 70.6% (95% CI, 33.6%-87.0%) and 31.7% (95% CI, -140.6% to 80.6%) in the first and second year of life, respectively, whereas mean age of rotavirus cases increased from 9.3 to 11.8 months. Despite higher VE against G1P[8] than against other genotypes, no resurgence of nonvaccine genotypes has occurred. VE did not differ significantly by nutritional status (78.1% [95% CI, 5.6%-94.9%] in 257 well-nourished and 27.8% [95% CI, -99.5% to 73.9%] in 205 stunted children; P = .12), or by HIV exposure (60.5% [95% CI, 13.3%-82.0%] in 745 HIV-unexposed and 42.2% [95% CI, -106.9% to 83.8%] in 174 exposed children; P = .91). Conclusions.aEuro integral Rotavirus vaccination in Malawi has resulted in reductions in disease burden in infants < 12 months, but not in older children. Despite differences in genotype-specific VE, no genotype has emerged to suggest vaccine escape. VE was not demonstrably affected by HIV exposure or stunting. C1 [Bar-Zeev, Naor; Jere, Khuzwayo C.; Bennett, Aisleen; Pollock, Louisa; Heyderman, Robert S.; French, Neil] Univ Malawi, Coll Med, Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clin Res Programm, POB 30096, Blantyre 3, Malawi. [Bar-Zeev, Naor; Jere, Khuzwayo C.; Bennett, Aisleen; Pollock, Louisa; Iturriza-Gomara, Miren; French, Neil; Cunliffe, Nigel A.] Univ Liverpool, Inst Infect & Global Hlth, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nakagomi, Osamu] Nagasaki Univ, Grad Sch Biomed Sci, Nagasaki, Japan. [Costello, Anthony] UCL, Inst Global Hlth, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Mwansambo, Charles] Minist Hlth, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Heyderman, Robert S.] Univ Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [Heyderman, Robert S.] UCL, Div Infect & Immun, London WC1E 6BT, England. RP Bar-Zeev, N (reprint author), Univ Malawi, Coll Med, Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clin Res Programm, POB 30096, Blantyre 3, Malawi. EM naor.bar-zeev@liverpool.ac.uk FU Wellcome Trust [091909/Z/10/Z]; Wellcome Trust (MLW Programme); GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals; Wellcome Trust FX This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust (programme grant number 091909/Z/10/Z and the MLW Programme Core Award). Rotavirus genotyping was partially supported by a research grant from GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals. A. B. and L. P. are supported by Wellcome Trust Clinical PhD fellowships. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S213 EP S219 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1183 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400019 PM 27059359 ER PT J AU Beres, LK Tate, JE Njobvu, L Chibwe, B Rudd, C Guffey, MB Stringer, JSA Parashar, UD Chilengi, R AF Beres, Laura K. Tate, Jacqueline E. Njobvu, Lungowe Chibwe, Bertha Rudd, Cheryl Guffey, M. Brad Stringer, Jeffrey S. A. Parashar, Umesh D. Chilengi, Roma TI A Preliminary Assessment of Rotavirus Vaccine Effectiveness in Zambia SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus vaccine; vaccine effectiveness; Zambia; immunization; rotavirus ID DIARRHEA; COUNTRIES; MORTALITY; CHILDREN; INFANTS; GASTROENTERITIS; EFFICACY AB Background. Diarrhea is the third leading cause of child death in Zambia. Up to one-third of diarrhea cases resulting in hospitalization and/or death are caused by vaccine-preventable rotavirus. In January 2012, Zambia initiated a pilot introduction of the Rotarix live, oral rotavirus vaccine in all public health facilities in Lusaka Province. Methods.aEuro integral Between July 2012 and October 2013, we conducted a case-control study at 6 public sector sites to estimate rotavirus vaccine effectiveness (VE) in age-eligible children presenting with diarrhea. We computed the odds of having received at least 1 dose of Rotarix among children whose stool was positive for rotavirus antigen (cases) and children whose stool was negative (controls). We adjusted the resulting odds ratio (OR) for patient age, calendar month of presentation, and clinical site, and expressed VE as (1 - adjusted OR) x 100. Results.aEuro integral A total of 91 rotavirus-positive cases and 298 rotavirus-negative controls who had under-5 card-confirmed vaccination status and were a parts per thousand yen6 months of age were included in the case-control analysis. Among rotavirus-positive children who were age-eligible to be vaccinated, 20% were hospitalized. Against rotavirus diarrhea of all severity, the adjusted 2-dose VE was 26% (95% confidence interval [CI], -30% to 58%) among children a parts per thousand yen6 months of age. VE against hospitalized children a parts per thousand yen6 months of age was 56% (95% CI, -34% to 86%). Conclusions.aEuro integral We observed a higher point estimate for VE against increased severity of illness compared with milder disease, but were not powered to detect a low level of VE against milder disease. C1 [Beres, Laura K.; Njobvu, Lungowe; Chibwe, Bertha; Rudd, Cheryl; Guffey, M. Brad; Chilengi, Roma] Ctr Infect Dis Res Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. [Beres, Laura K.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, 615 N Wolfe St,Rm W5604, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stringer, Jeffrey S. A.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Beres, LK (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, 615 N Wolfe St,Rm W5604, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM laura.beres@jhu.edu FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; Ark FX This work was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and by Ark. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S175 EP S182 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1206 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400013 PM 27059353 ER PT J AU Enane, LA Gastanaduy, PA Goldfarb, DM Pernica, JM Mokomane, M Moorad, B Masole, L Tate, JE Parashar, UD Steenhoff, AP AF Enane, Leslie A. Gastanaduy, Paul A. Goldfarb, David M. Pernica, Jeffrey M. Mokomane, Margaret Moorad, Banno Masole, Lingani Tate, Jacqueline E. Parashar, Umesh D. Steenhoff, Andrew P. TI Impact of Rotavirus Vaccination on Hospitalizations and Deaths From Childhood Gastroenteritis in Botswana SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus vaccine; mortality; morbidity ID SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; NATIONAL CAUSES; MORTALITY; DIARRHEA; MEXICO; SURVEILLANCE; EFFICACY; SAFETY AB Background. A monovalent human rotavirus vaccine (RV1) was introduced in Botswana in July 2012. We assessed the impact of RV1 vaccination on childhood gastroenteritis-related hospitalizations and deaths in 2013 and 2014. Methods.aEuro integral We obtained data from registers of 4 hospitals in Botswana on hospitalizations and deaths from gastroenteritis, regardless of cause, among children < 5 years of age. Gastroenteritis hospitalizations and deaths during the prevaccine period (January 2009-December 2012) were compared to the postvaccine period (January 2013-December 2014). Vaccine coverage was estimated from data collected through a concurrent vaccine effectiveness study at the same hospitals. Results.aEuro integral By December 2014, coverage with a parts per thousand yen1 dose of RV1 was an estimated 90% among infants < 1 year of age and 76% among children 12-23 months of age. In the prevaccine period, the annual median number of gastroenteritis-related hospitalizations in children < 5 years of age was 1212, and of gastroenteritis-related deaths in children < 2 years of age was 77. In the postvaccine period, gastroenteritis-related hospitalizations decreased by 23% (95% confidence interval [CI], 16%-29%) to 937, and gastroenteritis-related deaths decreased by 22% (95% CI, -9% to 44%) to 60. Declines were most prominent during the rotavirus season (May-October) and among infants < 1 year of age, with reductions of 43% (95% CI, 34%-51%) in gastroenteritis hospitalizations and 48% (95% CI, 11%-69%) in gastroenteritis deaths. Conclusions.aEuro integral Following introduction of RV1 into the national immunization program, significant declines in hospitalizations and deaths from gastroenteritis were observed among children in Botswana, suggestive of the beneficial public health impact of rotavirus vaccination. C1 [Enane, Leslie A.; Steenhoff, Andrew P.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Enane, Leslie A.; Goldfarb, David M.; Pernica, Jeffrey M.; Moorad, Banno; Masole, Lingani; Steenhoff, Andrew P.] Botswana UPenn Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana. [Gastanaduy, Paul A.; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Goldfarb, David M.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Pathol, Div Microbiol, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Goldfarb, David M.; Steenhoff, Andrew P.] Univ Botswana, Dept Pediat, Gaborone, Botswana. [Goldfarb, David M.; Pernica, Jeffrey M.] McMaster Univ, Div Infect Dis, Dept Pediat, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Mokomane, Margaret] Natl Hlth Lab, Gaborone, Botswana. [Steenhoff, Andrew P.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Pediat, Sect Global Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Steenhoff, Andrew P.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Enane, LA (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Div Infect Dis, Abramson Res Bldg,Rm 1202,34th St & Civ Ctr Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM leslie.enane@gmail.com OI Goldfarb, David/0000-0003-0835-9504 FU CDC Foundation; Penn Center for AIDS Research, a National Institutes of Health [P30 AI 045008] FX This work was supported by the CDC Foundation. This publication was made possible through core services and support from the Penn Center for AIDS Research, a National Institutes of Health-funded program (grant number P30 AI 045008). NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S168 EP S174 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1210 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400012 PM 27059352 ER PT J AU Gastanaduy, PA Steenhoff, AP Mokomane, M Esona, MD Bowen, MD Jibril, H Pernica, JM Mazhani, L Smieja, M Tate, JE Parashar, UD Goldfarb, DM AF Gastanaduy, Paul A. Steenhoff, Andrew P. Mokomane, Margaret Esona, Mathew D. Bowen, Michael D. Jibril, Haruna Pernica, Jeffrey M. Mazhani, Loeto Smieja, Marek Tate, Jacqueline E. Parashar, Umesh D. Goldfarb, David M. TI Effectiveness of Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccine After Programmatic Implementation in Botswana: A Multisite Prospective Case-Control Study SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; rotavirus vaccine; diarrhea; vaccine effectiveness; Africa ID 1ST 2 YEARS; HIV-INFECTION; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; UNINFECTED INFANTS; SEVERE DIARRHEA; LARGE OUTBREAK; DOUBLE-BLIND; BREAST-MILK; CHILDREN; EFFICACY AB Background. Botswana introduced monovalent G1P[8] rotavirus vaccine (RV1) in July 2012, providing one of the first opportunities to assess the effectiveness of routine RV1 vaccination in a high-burden setting in Africa. We sought to determine the effectiveness of RV1 against rotavirus diarrhea hospitalization using a case-control evaluation. Methods.aEuro integral Vaccine age-eligible children < 5 years of age admitted with diarrhea at 4 hospitals in Botswana were enrolled from June 2013 to April 2015. Card-confirmed vaccine history was compared between case patients (children with laboratory-confirmed rotavirus diarrhea) and nonrotavirus "test-negative" diarrhea controls. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was computed using unconditional logistic regression models adjusting for age, birth month/year, and hospital. Sequence-based genotyping was performed on antigen-positive samples. Results.aEuro integral Among 242 case patients and 368 controls, 82% (199/242) and 92% (339/368), respectively, had received a parts per thousand yen1 doses of RV1. Effectiveness of a full series (2 doses) of RV1 against rotavirus diarrhea requiring hospitalization was 54% (95% confidence interval [CI], 23%-73%); 1 dose of RV1 was 48% (95% CI, 1%-72%) effective. Effectiveness was 59% (95% CI, 4%-83%) against rotavirus caused by G2P[4], the most common (37%) circulating genotype. However, the effectiveness of 2 RV1 doses was significantly higher in children with no undernutrition (VE, 75% [95% CI, 41%-89%]), compared to those with moderate or severe undernutrition (VE, -28% [95% CI, -309% to 60%]) (P = .02). Conclusions.aEuro integral Routine RV1 vaccination in Botswana showed effectiveness similar to that in clinical trials in Africa, including against a serotype fully heterotypic to the vaccine. Undernutrition may in part explain the lower rotavirus VE in low-income settings. C1 [Gastanaduy, Paul A.; Esona, Mathew D.; Bowen, Michael D.; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Steenhoff, Andrew P.; Mazhani, Loeto; Goldfarb, David M.] Univ Botswana, Dept Paediat & Adolescent Hlth, Gaborone, Botswana. [Steenhoff, Andrew P.; Goldfarb, David M.] Botswana UPenn Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana. [Steenhoff, Andrew P.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Steenhoff, Andrew P.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Mokomane, Margaret] Univ Botswana, Dept Med Lab Sci, Gaborone, Botswana. [Mokomane, Margaret] Natl Hlth Lab, Gaborone, Botswana. [Jibril, Haruna] Botswana Minist Hlth, Gaborone, Botswana. [Pernica, Jeffrey M.] McMaster Univ, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Mazhani, Loeto] Princess Marina Hosp, Dept Pediat, Gaborone, Botswana. [Smieja, Marek] McMaster Univ, Dept Pathol & Mol Med, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Goldfarb, David M.] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada. RP Goldfarb, DM (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, British Columbia Childrens Hosp, Div Microbiol, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, 4480 Oak St, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada. EM david.goldfarb@bc.cw.ca OI Goldfarb, David/0000-0003-0835-9504 FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; CDC Foundation; Grand Challenges Canada; Penn Center for AIDS Research FX This work was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the CDC Foundation, Grand Challenges Canada, and the Penn Center for AIDS Research. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S161 EP S167 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1207 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400011 PM 27059351 ER PT J AU Gastanaduy, PA Contreras-Roldan, I Bernart, C Lopez, B Benoit, SR Xuya, M Munoz, F Desai, R Quaye, O Tam, KI Evans-Bowen, DK Parashar, UD Patel, M McCracken, JP AF Gastanaduy, Paul A. Contreras-Roldan, Ingrid Bernart, Chris Lopez, Beatriz Benoit, Stephen R. Xuya, Marvin Munoz, Fredy Desai, Rishi Quaye, Osbourne Tam, Ka Ian Evans-Bowen, Diana K. Parashar, Umesh D. Patel, Manish McCracken, John P. TI Effectiveness of Monovalent and Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccines in Guatemala SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE vaccine effectiveness; rotavirus; gastroenteritis; Guatemala ID 1ST 2 YEARS; DOUBLE-BLIND; CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; EFFICACY; GASTROENTERITIS; VACCINATION; CHILDREN; INFANTS; SAFETY; LIFE AB Background. Concerns remain about lower effectiveness and waning immunity of rotavirus vaccines in resource-poor populations. We assessed vaccine effectiveness against rotavirus in Guatemala, where both the monovalent (RV1; 2-dose series) and pentavalent (RV5; 3-dose series) vaccines were introduced in 2010. Methods.aEuro integral A case-control evaluation was conducted in 4 hospitals from January 2012 to August 2013. Vaccine status was compared between case patients (children with laboratory-confirmed rotavirus diarrhea) and 2 sets of controls: nondiarrhea "hospital" controls (matched by birth date and site) and nonrotavirus "test-negative" diarrhea controls (adjusted for age, birth month/year, and site). Vaccine effectiveness ([1 - odds ratio of vaccination] x 100%) was computed using logistic regression models. Results.aEuro integral We evaluated 213 case patients, 657 hospital controls, and 334 test-negative controls. Effectiveness of 2-3 doses of a rotavirus vaccine against rotavirus requiring emergency department visit or hospitalization was 74% (95% confidence interval [CI], 58%-84%) with hospital controls, and 52% (95% CI, 26%-69%) with test-negative controls. Using hospital controls, no significant difference in effectiveness was observed between infants 6-11 months (74% [95% CI, 18%-92%]) and children a parts per thousand yen12 months of age (71% [95% CI, 44%-85%]) (P = .85), nor between complete courses of RV1 (63% [95% CI, 23%-82%]) and RV5 (69% [95% CI, 29%-87%]) (P = .96). An uncommon G12P[8] strain, partially heterotypic to strains in both vaccines, was identified in 89% of cases. Conclusions.aEuro integral RV1 and RV5 were similarly effective against severe rotavirus diarrhea caused by a heterotypic strain in Guatemala. This supports broader implementation of rotavirus vaccination in low-income countries where > 90% global deaths from rotavirus occur. C1 [Gastanaduy, Paul A.; Desai, Rishi; Parashar, Umesh D.; Patel, Manish] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gastanaduy, Paul A.; Desai, Rishi; Quaye, Osbourne; Tam, Ka Ian; Evans-Bowen, Diana K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Contreras-Roldan, Ingrid; Bernart, Chris; Lopez, Beatriz; Xuya, Marvin; Munoz, Fredy; McCracken, John P.] Univ Valle Guatemala, Ctr Hlth Studies, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Benoit, Stephen R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Program, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Quaye, Osbourne] Univ Ghana, Dept Biochem Mol & Cell Biol, West African Ctr Cell Biol Infect Pathogens, Legon, Ghana. RP Gastanaduy, PA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pgastanaduy@cdc.gov OI Lopez, Beatriz/0000-0003-1353-9948 FU CDC [UO1 GH000028-02] FX This work was supported by the CDC (cooperative agreement number UO1 GH000028-02). NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S121 EP S126 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1208 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400005 PM 27059345 ER PT J AU Gheorghita, S Birca, L Donos, A Wasley, A Birca, I Cojocaru, R Melnick, A Ciobanu, S Mosina, L Cortese, MM Parashar, UD Lopman, B AF Gheorghita, Stela Birca, Ludmila Donos, Ala Wasley, Annemarie Birca, Ion Cojocaru, Radu Melnick, Anatol Ciobanu, Silviu Mosina, Liudmila Cortese, Margaret M. Parashar, Umesh D. Lopman, Ben TI Impact of Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction and Vaccine Effectiveness in the Republic of Moldova SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Moldova; rotavirus; surveillance; case-control; vaccine effectiveness ID CHILDREN; MORTALITY; DIARRHEA AB Background. The Republic of Moldova was the first low- to middle-income country in theWorld Health Organization European Region to introduce rotavirus vaccine (July 2012). We aimed to assess the impact of the rotavirus vaccine program and estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE). Methods.aEuro integral Surveillance for rotavirus gastroenteritis was conducted in 2 hospitals in the capital city of Chisinau starting in September 2009. Monthly rotavirus admissions by age were examined before and after introduction of rotavirus vaccination using interrupted time-series analyses. We performed a case-control study of VE by comparing rotavirus case patients with test-negative controls. Results.aEuro integral Coverage with at least 1 dose of vaccine increased from 35% in year 1 to 55% in year 2 for children < 1 year of age. The percentage of hospital admissions positive for rotavirus fell from 45% in the prevaccine period to 25% (rate reduction, 36%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 26%-44%) and 14% (rate reduction, 67%; 95% CI, 48%-88%) in the first and second years after vaccine introduction, respectively, among children aged < 5 years. Reductions were most pronounced among those aged < 1 year. Significant reductions among cohorts too old to be vaccinated suggest indirect benefits. Two-dose VE was 79% (95% CI, 62%-88%) against rotavirus hospitalization and 84% (95% CI, 64%-93%) against moderate to severe rotavirus. Conclusions.aEuro integral These results consistently point to profound direct and herd immunity impacts of the rotavirus vaccine program in young children in the Republic of Moldova. Vaccine coverage was modest in these early years following introduction, so there remains potential for further disease reductions. C1 [Donos, Ala] Chisinau Municipal Hosp Children, Kishinev, Moldova. [Wasley, Annemarie; Mosina, Liudmila] WHO, Reg Off Europe, Vaccine Preventable Dis & Immunizat, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Ciobanu, Silviu] WHO, Reg Off Moldova, Kishinev, Moldova. [Cortese, Margaret M.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Lopman, Ben] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lopman, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iow4@cdc.gov FU Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance FX This work was supported by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S140 EP S146 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1209 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400008 PM 27059348 ER PT J AU Groome, MJ Zell, ER Solomon, F Nzenze, S Parashar, UD Izu, A Madhi, SA AF Groome, Michelle J. Zell, Elizabeth R. Solomon, Fatima Nzenze, Susan Parashar, Umesh D. Izu, Alane Madhi, Shabir A. TI Temporal Association of Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction and Reduction in All-Cause Childhood Diarrheal Hospitalizations in South Africa SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus vaccine; diarrhea; HIV; children ID PUBLIC IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM; CHILDREN; IMPACT; GASTROENTERITIS; EFFICACY; INFANTS; BURDEN; SURVEILLANCE; DISEASE; SAFETY AB Background. The public health impact of rotavirus vaccination in African settings with a high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection prevalence is yet to be established. We evaluated trends in all-cause diarrheal hospitalizations in Soweto, Johannesburg, before and after the introduction of rotavirus vaccine into South Africa's national immunization program in August 2009. Methods.aEuro integral Hospitalizations in children < 5 years of age with a diagnosis of diarrhea, defined by International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes A00-A05, A06.0-A06.3, A06.9, A07.0-A07.2, A07.9, and A08-A09, were identified at the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital from 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2014. The median annual prevaccine (2006-2008) hospitalization incidence was compared to that of the vaccine era (2010-2014), and stratified by age group and HIV infection status. Results.aEuro integral Incidence reductions (per 1000 population) were greatest in children aged < 12 months: 54.4 in the prevaccine era vs 30.0, 23.6, 20.0, 18.8, and 18.9 in the postvaccine years 2010-2014, respectively (a 44.9%-65.4% reduction). Lower incidence reductions (39.8%-49.4%) were observed among children aged 12-24 months from the second year post-vaccine introduction onward. Reductions were observed in both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children. There was a change in the seasonal pattern of diarrheal hospitalizations post-vaccine introduction, with flattening of the autumn-winter peaks seen in the prevaccine years. Conclusions.aEuro integral An accelerated and sustained decline in all-cause diarrheal hospitalizations, temporally associated with rotavirus vaccine introduction, was observed in children < 2 years of age. However, the impact of other interventions such as improved sanitation and changes in HIV management cannot be discounted. C1 [Groome, Michelle J.; Solomon, Fatima; Nzenze, Susan; Izu, Alane; Madhi, Shabir A.] MRC, Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Groome, Michelle J.; Solomon, Fatima; Nzenze, Susan; Izu, Alane; Madhi, Shabir A.] Natl Res Fdn, Dept Sci & Technol, Vaccine Preventable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Groome, Michelle J.] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Zell, Elizabeth R.] Stat Epi Associates Inc, W Palm Beach, FL USA. [Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Madhi, Shabir A.] Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Groome, MJ (reprint author), MRC, Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa.; Groome, MJ (reprint author), MRC, Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, ZA-2013 Soweto, South Africa.; Groome, MJ (reprint author), Chris Hani Baragwanath Acad Hosp, New Nurses Residence, DST NRF Vaccine Preventable Dis, 11th Floor West Wing, ZA-2013 Soweto, South Africa. EM groomem@rmpru.co.za FU PATH through GAVI Alliance FX Support for this project was provided by PATH through funding from the GAVI Alliance. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S188 EP S195 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1204 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400015 PM 27059355 ER PT J AU Leshem, E Givon-Lavi, N Tate, JE Greenberg, D Parashar, UD Dagan, R AF Leshem, Eyal Givon-Lavi, Noga Tate, Jacqueline E. Greenberg, David Parashar, Umesh D. Dagan, Ron TI Real-World Effectiveness of Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine Among Bedouin and Jewish Children in Southern Israel SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; acute gastroenteritis; Bedouin; Israel; vaccine effectiveness ID MONOVALENT; NICARAGUA; SEVERITY; DIARRHEA; DISEASE; IMPACT AB Background. Pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) was introduced into the Israeli National Immunization Program in January 2011. We determined RV5 vaccine effectiveness (VE) in southern Israel, a region characterized by 2 distinct populations: Bedouins living in a low- to middle-income, semirural setting, and Jews living in a high-income, urban setting. Methods.aEuro integral We enrolled vaccine-eligible children who visited the emergency department (ED) or were hospitalized due to acute gastroenteritis (AGE) during the first 3 rotavirus seasons after RV5 vaccine introduction (2011-2013). Fecal specimens were tested for rotavirus by enzyme immunoassay and genotyped. Vaccination among laboratory-confirmed rotavirus cases was compared with rotavirus-negative AGE controls. Regression models were used to calculate VE estimates by age, clinical setting, and ethnicity. Results.aEuro integral Of 515 enrolled patients, 359 (70%) were Bedouin. Overall, 185 (36%) patients were rotavirus positive; 79 of 119 (66%) were G1P[8] genotype. The adjusted VE for a full 3-dose course of RV5 against ED visit or hospitalization was 63% (95% confidence interval [CI], 38%-78%). RV5 provided G1P[8] genotype-specific effectiveness of 78% (95% CI, 58%-88%). By age, RV5 VE was 64% (95% CI, 21%-84%) and 71% (95% CI, 39%-86%) among children aged 6-11 months and 12-23 months, respectively. By clinical setting, RV5 VE was 59% (95% CI, 23%-78%) against hospitalization, and 67% (95% CI, 11%-88%) against ED visit. The adjusted VE of a full RV5 course among Bedouin children was 62% (95% CI, 29%-79%). Conclusions.aEuro integral RV5 significantly protected against rotavirus-associated ED visits and hospitalizations in a diverse population of vaccine-eligible children living in southern Israel. C1 [Leshem, Eyal] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Fac Med, Sheba Med Ctr, Internal Med C, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Leshem, Eyal; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Givon-Lavi, Noga; Greenberg, David; Dagan, Ron] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Fac Hlth Sci, Pediat Infect Dis Unit, Beer Sheva, Israel. [Givon-Lavi, Noga; Greenberg, David; Dagan, Ron] Soroka Univ Med Ctr, IL-84101 Beer Sheva, Israel. RP Dagan, R (reprint author), Soroka Univ Med Ctr, Pediat Infect Dis Unit, POB 151, IL-84101 Beer Sheva, Israel. EM rdagan@bgu.ac.il OI Leshem, Eyal/0000-0003-1267-6131 FU Merck Sharpe Dohme (MSD) FX The Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit at Soroka University Medical Center received funding from Merck Sharpe & Dohme (MSD) to conduct this study. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S155 EP S160 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1012 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400010 PM 27059350 ER PT J AU Mpabalwani, EM Simwaka, CJ Mwenda, JM Mubanga, CP Monze, M Matapo, B Parashar, UD Tate, JE AF Mpabalwani, Evans M. Simwaka, Chibumbya J. Mwenda, Jason M. Mubanga, Cynthia P. Monze, Mwaka Matapo, Belem Parashar, Umesh D. Tate, Jacqueline E. TI Impact of Rotavirus Vaccination on Diarrheal Hospitalizations in Children Aged < 5 Years in Lusaka, Zambia SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE acute gastroenteritis; rotavirus vaccine; impact; disease burden ID IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM; GASTROENTERITIS; REDUCTION; INFANTS; STATES AB Background. Monovalent rotavirus vaccine was introduced in the routine public health immunization program in Lusaka, Zambia, in January 2012 and was rolled out countrywide in November 2013. We examined the effect of rotavirus vaccination on hospitalization for all-cause acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and rotavirus-specific AGE at a large referral hospital in Lusaka. Methods.aEuro integral Data were derived from ongoing hospital-based AGE surveillance from January 2009 to December 2014. Pre-rotavirus vaccine introduction (2009-2011) and post-rotavirus vaccine introduction (2013-2014) periods were compared for annual changes in hospitalizations for AGE and rotavirus; 2012 was excluded as a transition year. Hospital administrative discharge data were used to compare trends in all-cause diarrhea discharges and in-hospital diarrhea deaths captured by HIMS pre- and post-rotavirus vaccine introduction. Results.aEuro integral Between January 2009 and December 2014, 5937 children < 5 years of age presenting with AGE had their stools collected and tested for rotavirus by enzyme immunoassay. The rotavirus positivity rate declined from 40.1% (449/1121) in prevaccine years to 30.2% (250/828; P < .001) in 2013 and 24.7% (157/635; P < .001) in 2014. The greatest reduction was noted in infants, with the rotavirus positivity rate in this age group declining from 40.9% in prevaccine years to 34.0% (P = .009) in 2013 and 26.2% (P < .001) in 2014. Following rotavirus vaccine introduction, seasonal peaks of rotavirus and all-cause AGE were dwarfed. From HIMS data, compared to the prevaccine era, reductions of 18%-29% in all-cause diarrhea hospitalizations and 27%-33% in-hospital diarrhea deaths among children < 1 year of age were observed in 2013 and 2014. Conclusions.aEuro integral We observed a significant reduction in AGE-associated in-hospital morbidity and mortality following rotavirus vaccine introduction. The greatest reduction was seen in infants < 1 year who accounted for 84.4% of rotavirus hospitalizations prior to vaccine introduction. C1 [Mpabalwani, Evans M.] Univ Teaching Hosp, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, POB 50001, Lusaka, Zambia. [Simwaka, Chibumbya J.; Mubanga, Cynthia P.; Monze, Mwaka] Univ Teaching Hosp, Virol Lab, Lusaka, Zambia. [Mwenda, Jason M.] WHO, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Rep Congo. [Matapo, Belem] WHO, Country Off, Lusaka, Zambia. [Parashar, Umesh D.; Tate, Jacqueline E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mpabalwani, EM (reprint author), Univ Teaching Hosp, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, POB 50001, Lusaka, Zambia. EM evansmwila@gmail.com FU PATH; CDC Foundation through Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; CDC Foundation through GAVI, the Vaccine Alliance FX This article appears as part of the supplement "Health Benefits of Rotavirus Vaccination in Developing Countries," sponsored by PATH and the CDC Foundation through grants from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and GAVI, the Vaccine Alliance. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S183 EP S187 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1027 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400014 PM 27059354 ER PT J AU Parashar, UD Johnson, H Steele, AD Tate, JE AF Parashar, Umesh D. Johnson, Hope Steele, A. Duncan Tate, Jacqueline E. TI Health Impact of Rotavirus Vaccination in Developing Countries: Progress and Way Forward SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; rotavirus vaccines; impact; effectiveness; developing countries ID GASTROENTERITIS HOSPITALIZATIONS; UNITED-STATES; OLDER CHILDREN; DIARRHEA; REDUCTION; EFFICACY; INFANTS; INTUSSUSCEPTION; MORTALITY; VACCINES AB Two rotavirus vaccines have been licensed in > 100 countries worldwide since 2006. As of October 2105, these vaccines have been implemented in the national immunization programs of 79 countries, including 36 low-income countries that are eligible for support for vaccine purchase from Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. Rotavirus vaccines were initially introduced in Australia and countries of the Americas and Europe after completion of successful clinical trials in these regions, and the impact of routine vaccination in reducing the health burden of severe childhood gastroenteritis in these regions has been well documented. Because of concerns around the performance of orally administered rotavirus vaccines in developing countries, vaccine implementation in these settings only began after additional clinical trials were completed and the World Health Organization issued a global recommendation for use of rotavirus vaccines in 2009. This supplementary issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases includes a collection of articles describing the impact and effectiveness of routine rotavirus vaccination in developing countries that were among the early adopters of rotavirus vaccine. The data highlight the benefits of vaccination and should provide valuable evidence to sustain vaccine use in these countries and encourage other countries to adopt routine rotavirus vaccination to reduce the health burden of severe childhood gastroenteritis. C1 [Parashar, Umesh D.; Tate, Jacqueline E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, MS A34,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Johnson, Hope] Gavi, Geneva, Switzerland. [Steele, A. Duncan] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. RP Parashar, UD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, MS A34,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM uap2@cdc.gov FU PATH; CDC Foundation through Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; CDC Foundation through GAVI, Vaccine Alliance FX This article appears as part of the supplement "Health Benefits of Rotavirus Vaccination in Developing Countries," sponsored by PATH and the CDC Foundation through grants from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and GAVI, the Vaccine Alliance. NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S91 EP S95 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1015 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400001 PM 27059361 ER PT J AU Patel, M Pedreira, C De Oliveira, LH Tate, J Leshem, E Mercado, J Umana, J Balmaceda, A Reyes, M Kerin, T McDonald, S Gentsch, J Bowen, MD Parashar, U AF Patel, Manish Pedreira, Cristina De Oliveira, Lucia Helena Tate, Jacqueline Leshem, Eyal Mercado, Juan Umana, Jazmina Balmaceda, Angel Reyes, Martha Kerin, Tara McDonald, Sharla Gentsch, Jon Bowen, Michael D. Parashar, Umesh TI Effectiveness of Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine Against a Diverse Range of Circulating Strains in Nicaragua SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; diarrhea; vaccine effectiveness; RotaTeq; strains ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; GASTROENTERITIS; IDENTIFICATION; CHILDREN; EFFICACY; INFANTS; NETWORK AB Background. Because >60 rotavirus strains have been reported worldwide, concerns exist about strain replacement after the introduction of rotavirus vaccines, particularly in developing countries with diverse strains and lower efficacy. Methods.aEuro integral We used the case-control design in 4 hospitals in Nicaragua to assess strain-specific vaccine effectiveness (VE) of a pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RotaTeq) against rotavirus diarrhea. Cases were identified through prospective strain surveillance with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for 3 years among children hospitalized for diarrhea, and controls were children negative for rotavirus. Results.aEuro integral We enrolled 1178 case-patients, 1082 (92%) with G and P typing, and 4927 controls. A different strain predominated each year with increasing age of the vaccine-eligible cohort during the study period: G2P[4] in 2008 (97%; mean age, 11.9 months), G1P[8] in 2009 (55%; mean age, 17.0 months), and G3P[8] in 2010 (78%; mean age, 17.3 months). Overall VE was 45% (95% confidence interval, 25%-59%). Regardless of the strain, VE estimates were 12%-79% lower among children aged a parts per thousand yen12 months relative to those 6-11 months of age. The lower VE for G3P[8] was related to the higher mean age of cases (17.3 months) compared with the G2P[4] strains (11.9 months), with a significant trend (R-2 = 0.819; P < .001) of declining effectiveness with increasing mean age of the cases. Conclusions.aEuro integral Introduction of RotaTeq did not result in sustained emergence of any particular strain in Nicaragua. Variation in strain-specific effectiveness was due to an age-related decline in effectiveness rather than differences in protection against the observed strains. C1 [Patel, Manish; Tate, Jacqueline; Leshem, Eyal; Kerin, Tara; McDonald, Sharla; Gentsch, Jon; Bowen, Michael D.; Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pedreira, Cristina; De Oliveira, Lucia Helena] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. [Mercado, Juan; Umana, Jazmina; Balmaceda, Angel; Reyes, Martha] Minist Salud, Managua, Nicaragua. RP Patel, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Gastroenteritis Sect, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aul3@cdc.gov OI Leshem, Eyal/0000-0003-1267-6131 FU PATH through Gavi, Vaccine Alliance FX Support for this project was provided by PATH through funding from Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S127 EP S132 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1017 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400006 PM 27059346 ER PT J AU Pringle, KD Patzi, M Tate, JE Rojas, VI Patel, M Jordan, LI Montesano, R Zarate, A De Oliveira, L Parashar, U AF Pringle, Kimberly D. Patzi, Maritza Tate, Jacqueline E. Iniguez Rojas, Volga Patel, Manish Inchauste Jordan, Lucia Montesano, Raul Zarate, Adolfo De Oliveira, Lucia Parashar, Umesh TI Sustained Effectiveness of Rotavirus Vaccine Against Very Severe Rotavirus Disease Through the Second Year of Life, Bolivia 2013-2014 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; gastroenteritis; childhood mortality; middle-income country; diarrhea ID CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; LATIN-AMERICAN; MONOVALENT; CHILDREN; PENTAVALENT; STRAIN; AGE; METAANALYSIS; COUNTRIES; DEATHS AB Background. In Bolivia, monovalent rotavirus vaccine was introduced in 2008 and a previous evaluation reported a vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 77% with 2 doses of vaccine in children aged < 3 years. This evaluation sought to determine if rotavirus vaccine provided protection through the second year of life against circulating genotypes. Methods.aEuro integral A case-control study was performed in 5 hospitals from April 2013 to March 2014. Among enrolled participants who met study criteria and had rotavirus stool testing performed and vaccine status confirmed, we calculated VE using a logistic regression model. Subgroup analyses were performed among children aged < 1 year and those aged a parts per thousand yen1 year, among children with severe diarrhea (Vesikari score a parts per thousand yen11) and very severe diarrhea (Vesikari score a parts per thousand yen15), and among G and P strains with at least 40 specimens. Results.aEuro integral A total of 776 children were enrolled. For children < 1 year and a parts per thousand yen1 year of age with severe diarrhea, VE for 2 doses was 75% (95% confidence interval [CI], 46%-88%) and 53% (95% CI, 9%-76%), respectively. For children < 1 year and a parts per thousand yen1 year of age with very severe diarrhea, VE for 2 doses was 80% (95% CI, 44%-93%) and 74% (95% CI, 35%-90%), respectively. Genotype-specific analysis demonstrated similar VE for the 4 most common G and P types (G3, G9, P[6] and P[8]). Conclusions.aEuro integral A monovalent rotavirus vaccine remains effective against a broad range of circulating strains as part of a routine immunization program > 5 years after its introduction in Bolivia. Although VE appears to wane in children aged a parts per thousand yen1 year, it still provides significant protection, and does not wane against severe disease. C1 [Pringle, Kimberly D.; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Patel, Manish; Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pringle, Kimberly D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Patzi, Maritza; Zarate, Adolfo] Minist Salud, Programa Ampliado Inmunizac, La Paz, Bolivia. [Iniguez Rojas, Volga; Inchauste Jordan, Lucia] Univ Mayor San Andres, Inst Mol Biol & Biotechnol, Fac Ciencias Puras & Nat, La Paz, Bolivia. [Montesano, Raul] Pan Amer Hlth Org, La Paz, Bolivia. [De Oliveira, Lucia] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. RP Pringle, KD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wot9@cdc.gov FU Rotavirus Vaccine Initiative Project through Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation FX This work was supported by the Rotavirus Vaccine Initiative Project through the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S115 EP S120 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1026 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400004 PM 27059344 ER PT J AU Sahakyan, G Grigoryan, S Wasley, A Mosina, L Sargsyan, S Asoyan, A Gevorgyan, Z Kocharyan, K Avagyan, T Lopman, B Vanyan, A Khactatryan, S Parashar, UD Cortese, MM AF Sahakyan, Gayane Grigoryan, Svetlana Wasley, Annemarie Mosina, Liudmila Sargsyan, Shushan Asoyan, Ara Gevorgyan, Zaruhi Kocharyan, Karine Avagyan, Tigran Lopman, Benjamin Vanyan, Artavazd Khactatryan, Sergey Parashar, Umesh D. Cortese, Margaret M. TI Impact and Effectiveness of Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccine in Armenian Children SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus vaccine; impact; effectiveness; Armenia ID RISK-FACTORS; HOSPITALIZATION; GASTROENTERITIS; COUNTRIES; DIARRHEA AB Background. The Republic of Armenia was 1 of the 2 earliest countries in the Newly Independent States to introduce rotavirus vaccine into its national immunization program to reduce the burden of rotavirus disease (documented to cause 38% of acute gastroenteritis hospitalizations [AGE] among children aged < 5 years). In November 2012, RV1 (Rotarix) was introduced for Armenian infants at ages 6 and 12 weeks. Methods.aEuro integral The established active surveillance system at 2 hospitals in the capital, Yerevan, whereby children aged < 5 years hospitalized for AGE have stool sample tested for rotavirus antigen, was used to assess trends in rotavirus hospitalizations. Immunization records on children enrolled after vaccine introduction were obtained from clinics, and vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated using children with AGE who test negative for rotavirus as controls for the rotavirus-positive cases. Results.aEuro integral Among infants, rotavirus hospitalizations were reduced by 48% within the first year after introduction, and by a parts per thousand yen75% in years 2 and 3 following introduction. Reductions of a parts per thousand yen30% in other young children too old to have been vaccinated suggest additional benefit through indirect protection; overall in year 3, rotavirus hospitalizations were reduced by 69% among children aged < 5 years. The overall VE of 2 RV1 doses in protecting against rotavirus hospitalization (any severity) was 62% (95% confidence interval [CI], 36%-77%) among children aged 6-23 months; 68% (95% CI, 24%-86%) among those aged 6-11 months, and 60% (95% CI, 20%-80%) in children aged 12-23 months. Against more severe rotavirus disease, VE was 79% (95% CI, 55%-90%) and similarly high in both age groups. Conclusions.aEuro integral RV1 is effective in young Armenian children and substantially reduced rotavirus hospitalizations shortly after introduction. C1 [Sahakyan, Gayane] Natl Immunizat Program, Yerevan, Armenia. [Sahakyan, Gayane; Grigoryan, Svetlana; Sargsyan, Shushan; Vanyan, Artavazd] Natl Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Yerevan, Armenia. [Sahakyan, Gayane; Grigoryan, Svetlana; Sargsyan, Shushan; Vanyan, Artavazd; Khactatryan, Sergey] Minist Hlth Republ Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia. [Grigoryan, Svetlana] Immunizat & Epidemiol Vaccine Preventable Dis, Yerevan, Armenia. [Wasley, Annemarie; Mosina, Liudmila] WHO, Reg Off Europe, Vaccine Preventable Dis & Immunizat, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Asoyan, Ara; Gevorgyan, Zaruhi] Nork Infect Hosp, Yerevan, Armenia. [Kocharyan, Karine] Arabkir Med Ctr, Yerevan, Armenia. [Avagyan, Tigran] WHO, Country Off Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia. [Lopman, Benjamin; Parashar, Umesh D.; Cortese, Margaret M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cortese, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mcortese@cdc.gov FU Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance FX The implementation of sentinel surveillance for rotavirus in Armenia was facilitated by the financial support of Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S147 EP S154 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw045 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400009 PM 27059349 ER PT J AU Sanchez-Uribe, E Esparza-Aguilar, M Parashar, UD Richardson, V AF Sanchez-Uribe, Edgar Esparza-Aguilar, Marcelino Parashar, Umesh D. Richardson, Vesta TI Sustained Reduction of Childhood Diarrhea-Related Mortality and Hospitalizations in Mexico After Rotavirus Vaccine Universalization SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus vaccines; diarrhea; mortality; hospitalizations; Mexico ID LESS-THAN-5 YEARS; DOUBLE-BLIND; CHILDREN; EFFICACY; GASTROENTERITIS; INFANTS; SAFETY; IMPACT; MULTICENTER; DISEASE AB Background. Mexico implemented routine childhood vaccination against rotavirus in 2007. We describe trends in hospitalization and deaths from diarrhea among children aged <5 years in Mexico before and 7 years after implementation of rotavirus vaccination. Methods.aEuro integral We obtained data on deaths and hospitalizations from diarrhea, from January 2003 through December 2014, in Mexican children < 5 years of age. We compared diarrhea-related mortality and hospitalizations in the postvaccine era with the prevaccine baseline from 2003 to 2006. Results.aEuro integral Compared with the prevaccine baseline, we observed a 53% reduction (95% confidence interval [CI], 47%-58%) in diarrhea-related mortality and a 47% reduction (95% CI, 45%-48%) in diarrhea-related hospitalizations in postvaccine years, translating to 959 deaths and 5831 hospitalizations averted every year in Mexican children aged < 5 years. Prevaccine peaks in diarrhea-related mortality and hospitalizations during the rotavirus season months were considerably diminished in postvaccine years, with greater declines observed during the rotavirus season compared with non-rotavirus season months. Conclusions.aEuro integral We document a substantial and sustained decline in diarrhea-related hospitalizations and deaths in Mexican children associated with implementation of rotavirus vaccination. These results highlight the public health benefits that could result in countries that adopt rotavirus vaccination into their national immunization programs. C1 [Sanchez-Uribe, Edgar; Richardson, Vesta] Minist Hlth, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. [Esparza-Aguilar, Marcelino] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Minist Hlth, Fac Med, Natl Ctr Child & Adolescent Hlth, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Esparza-Aguilar, M (reprint author), Minist Hlth, Natl Ctr Child & Adolescent Hlth, Francisco de P Miranda 177,2nd Flr, Mexico City 16000, DF, Mexico. EM marea.b1@gmail.com FU PATH; CDC Foundation through Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; CDC Foundation through GAVI, Vaccine Alliance FX This article appears as part of the supplement "Health Benefits of Rotavirus Vaccination in Developing Countries," sponsored by PATH and the CDC Foundation through grants from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and GAVI, the Vaccine Alliance. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S133 EP S139 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1205 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400007 PM 27059347 ER PT J AU Tate, JE Burton, AH Boschi-Pinto, C Parashar, UD AF Tate, Jacqueline E. Burton, Anthony H. Boschi-Pinto, Cynthia Parashar, Umesh D. CA World Hlth Org-Coordinated Global TI Global, Regional, and National Estimates of Rotavirus Mortality in Children < 5 Years of Age, 2000-2013 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; diarrhea; child mortality ID SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; DIAGNOSING ROTAVIRUS; CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; DISEASE; VACCINE; BURDEN; GASTROENTERITIS; EFFICACY; DEATHS; MEXICO AB Background. Rotavirus vaccine is recommended for routine use in all countries globally. To facilitate decision making on rotavirus vaccine adoption by countries, help donors prioritize investments in health interventions, and monitor vaccine impact, we estimated rotavirus mortality for children <5 years of age from 2000 to 2013. Methods.aEuro integral We searched PubMed using the keyword "rotavirus" to identify studies that met each of the following criteria: data collection midpoint in year 1998 or later, study period of a 12-month increment, and detection of rotavirus infection by enzyme immunoassay in at least 100 children < 5 years of age who were hospitalized with diarrhea and systematically enrolled through active surveillance. We also included data from countries that participated in the World Health Organization (WHO)-coordinated rotavirus surveillance network between 2008 and 2013 that met these criteria. To predict the proportion of diarrhea due to rotavirus, we constructed a multiple linear regression model. To determine the number of rotavirus deaths in children < 5 years of age from 2000 to 2013, we multiplied annual, country-specific estimates of the proportion of diarrhea due to rotavirus from the regression model by the annual number of WHO-estimated child deaths caused by diarrhea in each country. Results.aEuro integral Globally, we estimated that the number of rotavirus deaths in children < 5 years of age declined from 528 000 (range, 465 000-591 000) in 2000 to 215 000 (range, 197 000-233 000) in 2013. The predicted annual rotavirus detection rate from these studies declined slightly over time from 42.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 37.4%-47.5%) in 2000 to 37.3% (95% CI, 34.2%-40.5%) in 2013 globally. In 2013, an estimated 47 100 rotavirus deaths occurred in India, 22% of all rotavirus deaths that occurred globally. Four countries (India, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Democratic Republic of Congo) accounted for approximately half (49%) of all estimated rotavirus deaths in 2013. Discussion.aEuro integral While rotavirus vaccine had been introduced in > 60 countries worldwide by the end of 2013, the majority of countries using rotavirus vaccine during the review period were low-mortality countries and the impact of rotavirus vaccine on global estimates of rotavirus mortality has been limited. Continued monitoring of rotavirus mortality rates and deaths through rotavirus surveillance will aid in monitoring the impact of vaccination. C1 [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Burton, Anthony H.; Boschi-Pinto, Cynthia] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Boschi-Pinto, Cynthia] Univ Fed Fluminense, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Tate, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jqt8@cdc.gov FU PATH; CDC Foundation through Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; CDC Foundation through GAVI, the Vaccine Alliance FX This article appears as part of the supplement "Health Benefits of Rotavirus Vaccination in Developing Countries," sponsored by PATH and the CDC Foundation through grants from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and GAVI, the Vaccine Alliance. NR 33 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 9 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S96 EP S105 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1013 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400002 PM 27059362 ER PT J AU Tate, JE Ngabo, F Donnen, P Gatera, M Uwimana, J Rugambwa, C Mwenda, JM Parashar, UD AF Tate, Jacqueline E. Ngabo, Fidele Donnen, Philippe Gatera, Maurice Uwimana, Jeannine Rugambwa, Celse Mwenda, Jason M. Parashar, Umesh D. TI Effectiveness of Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine Under Conditions of Routine Use in Rwanda SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; rotavirus vaccine; vaccine effectiveness ID EFFICACY; SAFETY AB Background. Rotavirus vaccine efficacy is lower in low-income countries than in high-income countries. Rwanda was one of the first low-income countries in sub-Saharan Africa to introduce rotavirus vaccine into its national immunization program. We sought to evaluate rotavirus vaccine effectiveness (VE) in this setting. Methods.aEuro integral VE was assessed using a case-control design. Cases and test-negative controls were children who presented with a diarrheal illness to 1 of 8 sentinel district hospitals and 10 associated health centers and had a stool specimen that tested positive (cases) or negative (controls) for rotavirus by enzyme immunoassay. Due to high vaccine coverage almost immediately after vaccine introduction, the analysis was restricted to children 7-18 weeks of age at time of rotavirus vaccine introduction. VE was calculated as (1 - odds ratio) x 100, where the odds ratio was the adjusted odds ratio for the rotavirus vaccination rate among case-patients compared with controls. Results.aEuro integral Forty-eight rotavirus-positive and 152 rotavirus-negative children were enrolled. Rotavirus-positive children were significantly less likely to have received rotavirus vaccine (33/44 [73%] unvaccinated) compared with rotavirus-negative children (81/136 [59%] unvaccinated) (P = .002). A full 3-dose series was 75% (95% confidence interval [CI], 31%-91%) effective against rotavirus gastroenteritis requiring hospitalization or a health center visit and was 65% (95% CI, -80% to 93%) in children 6-11 months of age and 81% (95% CI, 25%-95%) in children a parts per thousand yen12 months of age. Conclusions.aEuro integral Rotavirus vaccine is effective in preventing rotavirus disease in Rwandan children who began their rotavirus vaccine series from 7 to 18 weeks of age. Protection from vaccination was sustained after the first year of life. C1 [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ngabo, Fidele; Donnen, Philippe] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Ecole Sante Publ, Brussels, Belgium. [Gatera, Maurice] Rwanda Biomed Ctr, Kigali, Rep Congo. [Uwimana, Jeannine] Univ Teaching Hosp, Kigali, Rep Congo. [Rugambwa, Celse] WHO, Rwanda Off, Kigali, Rep Congo. [Mwenda, Jason M.] WHO, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Rep Congo. RP Tate, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jqt8@cdc.gov FU Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance FX This evaluation was funded by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S208 EP S212 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1016 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400018 PM 27059358 ER PT J AU Tate, JE Patel, MM Cortese, MM Payne, DC Lopman, BA Yen, C Parashar, UD AF Tate, Jacqueline E. Patel, Manish M. Cortese, Margaret M. Payne, Daniel C. Lopman, Benjamin A. Yen, Catherine Parashar, Umesh D. TI Use of Patients With Diarrhea Who Test Negative for Rotavirus as Controls to Estimate Rotavirus Vaccine Effectiveness Through Case-Control Studies SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE vaccine effectiveness; test-negative controls; rotavirus vaccine effectiveness ID CHILDREN LESS-THAN-5 YEARS; INFLUENZA VACCINE; GASTROENTERITIS HOSPITALIZATIONS; DIAGNOSING ROTAVIRUS; MONOVALENT; PENTAVALENT; INFANTS; DISEASE; POPULATION; PREVENTION AB Background. Case-control studies are often performed to estimate postlicensure vaccine effectiveness (VE), but the enrollment of controls can be challenging, time-consuming, and costly. We evaluated whether children enrolled in the same hospital-based diarrheal surveillance used to identify rotavirus cases but who test negative for rotavirus (test-negative controls) can be considered a suitable alternative to nondiarrheal hospital or community-based control groups (traditional controls). Methods.We compared calculated VE estimates as a function of varying values of true VE, attack rates of rotavirus and nonrotavirus diarrhea in the population, and sensitivity and specificity of the rotavirus enzyme immunoasssay. We also searched the literature to identify rotavirus VE studies that used traditional and test-negative control groups and compared VE estimates obtained using the different control groups. Results.Assuming a 1% attack rate for severe rotavirus diarrhea, a 3% attack rate for severe nonrotavirus diarrhea in the population, a test sensitivity of 96%, and a specificity of 100%, the calculated VE estimates using both the traditional and test-negative control groups closely approximated the true VE for all values from 30% to 100%. As true VE decreased, the traditional case-control approach slightly overestimated the true VE and the test-negative case-control approach slightly underestimated this estimate, but the absolute difference was only +/- 0.2 percentage points. Field VE estimates from 10 evaluations that used both traditional and test-negative control groups were similar regardless of control group used. Conclusions.The use of rotavirus test-negative controls offers an efficient and cost-effective approach to estimating rotavirus VE through case-control studies. C1 [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Patel, Manish M.; Cortese, Margaret M.; Payne, Daniel C.; Lopman, Benjamin A.; Yen, Catherine; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tate, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jqt8@cdc.gov FU PATH; CDC Foundation through Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; CDC Foundation through GAVI, Vaccine Alliance FX This article appears as part of the supplement "Health Benefits of Rotavirus Vaccination in Developing Countries," sponsored by PATH and the CDC Foundation through grants from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and GAVI, the Vaccine Alliance. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S106 EP S114 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1014 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400003 PM 27059343 ER PT J AU Tsolenyanu, E Mwenda, JM Dagnra, A Leshem, E Godonou, M Nassoury, I Landoh, D Tate, JE Atakouma, Y Parashar, UD AF Tsolenyanu, Enyonam Mwenda, Jason M. Dagnra, Anoumou Leshem, Eyal Godonou, Mawussi Nassoury, Ibrahim Landoh, Dadja Tate, Jacqueline E. Atakouma, Yawo Parashar, Umesh D. TI Early Evidence of Impact of Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccine in Togo SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; monovalent rotavirus vaccine; impact; Togo ID GASTROENTERITIS; MORTALITY; CHILDREN AB Togo introduced monovalent rotavirus vaccine starting 19 June 2014. We compared all-cause acute gastroenteritis (AGE) hospitalizations and rotavirus-associated hospitalizations during the prevaccine period (July 2008-June 2014) to 1 year after vaccine introduction (July 2014-June 2015). The proportion of children with AGE who tested positive for rotavirus declined from 53% (645/1223) in prevaccine years to 36% (68/187) in the postvaccine year (P < .01). The decline only occurred in children < 1 year of age who were eligible for vaccination and was greatest during the rotavirus season months, supporting that it was associated with vaccine implementation. C1 [Tsolenyanu, Enyonam; Atakouma, Yawo] Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hosp Lome, Dept Paediat, Lome, Togo. [Mwenda, Jason M.] WHO, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Rep Congo. [Dagnra, Anoumou; Godonou, Mawussi] Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hosp Lome, Dept Lab, Lome, Togo. [Leshem, Eyal; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nassoury, Ibrahim] Minist Hlth, Expanded Programme Immunizat, Lome, Togo. [Landoh, Dadja] WHO, Immunizat Focal Point, Country Off, Lome, Togo. RP Tsolenyanu, E (reprint author), Natl Coordinator New Vaccines Surveillance, Dept Pediat, BP 80796, Lome, Togo. EM tsolenyanu_enyonam@yahoo.fr OI Leshem, Eyal/0000-0003-1267-6131 FU Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance FX Financial support for this project was provided by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, supporting new-vaccines surveillance to WHO Regional Office for Africa. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 62 SU 2 BP S196 EP S199 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1182 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM5IT UT WOS:000376382400016 PM 27059356 ER PT J CA US Ctr Dis Control & Prevention Ep TI About one-half of adults with active epilepsy and seizures have annual family incomes under $25,000: The 2010 and 2013 US National Health Interview Surveys SO EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Epilepsy; Seizures; Epidemiology; Population surveys; Disparities ID ADHERENCE AB People with active epilepsy are those who reported being told that they have epilepsy or a seizure disorder and either take antiseizure medication or have had a seizure during the past 12 months. We used combined 2010 and 2013 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data on US adults with active epilepsy to examine whether taking medications and seizure frequency differed by sex, age, race/ethnicity, and reported or imputed annual family income. Of adults with active epilepsy, 45.5% reported taking medication and having at least one seizure, 41.3% reported taking medication and having no seizures, and 13.2% reported not taking any medication and having at least one seizure. About one-half of adults with active epilepsy and seizures have annual family incomes of less than $25,000. Promoting self-management supports and improved access to specialty care may reduce the burden of uncontrolled seizures in adults with epilepsy. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [US Ctr Dis Control & Prevention Ep] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Epilepsy Program, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-78, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Epilepsy Program, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-78, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1525-5050 EI 1525-5069 J9 EPILEPSY BEHAV JI Epilepsy Behav. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 58 BP 33 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.02.024 PG 2 WC Behavioral Sciences; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA DM6IL UT WOS:000376455100007 ER PT J AU Isenberg, SL Carter, MD Crow, BS Graham, LA Johnson, D Beninato, N Steele, K Thomas, JD Johnson, RC AF Isenberg, Samantha L. Carter, Melissa D. Crow, Brian S. Graham, Leigh Ann Johnson, Darryl Beninato, Nick Steele, Kandace Thomas, Jerry D. Johnson, Rudolph C. TI Quantification of Hydrazine in Human Urine by HPLC-MS-MS SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HEPATOTOXICITY; METABOLISM; MECHANISM; EXPOSURE; WORKERS AB Currently used on F-16 fighter jets and some space shuttles, hydrazine could be released at toxic levels to humans as a result of an accidental leakage or spill. Lower-level exposures occur in industrial workers or as a result of the use of some pharmaceuticals. A method was developed for the quantitation of hydrazine in human urine and can be extended by dilution with water to cover at least six orders of magnitude, allowing measurement at all clinically significant levels of potential exposure. Urine samples were processed by isotope dilution, filtered, derivatized and then quantified by HPLC-MS-MS. The analytical response ratio was linearly proportional to the urine concentration of hydrazine from 0.0493 to 12.3 ng/mL, with an average correlation coefficientR of 0.9985. Inter-run accuracy for 21 runs, expressed as percent relative error (% RE), was a parts per thousand currency sign14%, and the corresponding precision, expressed as percent relative standard deviation (% RSD), was a parts per thousand currency sign15%. Because this method can provide a quantitative measurement of clinical samples over six orders of magnitude, it can be used to monitor trace amounts of hydrazine exposure as well as industrial and environmental exposure levels. C1 [Isenberg, Samantha L.; Graham, Leigh Ann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Carter, Melissa D.; Crow, Brian S.; Thomas, Jerry D.; Johnson, Rudolph C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Johnson, Darryl; Steele, Kandace] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Beninato, Nick] Chem Threat Analyt Response Sect, Div Sci Lab, New Mexico Dept Hlth, Albuquerque, NM, Mexico. RP Carter, MD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vsm8@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0146-4760 EI 1945-2403 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 40 IS 4 BP 248 EP 254 DI 10.1093/jat/bkw015 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA DM4CL UT WOS:000376293100002 PM 26977107 ER PT J AU Crow, BS Quinones-Gonzalez, J Pantazides, BG Perez, JW Winkeljohn, WR Garton, JW Thomas, JD Blake, TA Johnson, RC AF Crow, Brian S. Quinones-Gonzalez, Jennifer Pantazides, Brooke G. Perez, Jonas W. Winkeljohn, W. Rucks Garton, Joshua W. Thomas, Jerry D. Blake, Thomas A. Johnson, Rudolph C. TI Simultaneous Measurement of 3-Chlorotyrosine and 3,5-Dichlorotyrosine in Whole Blood, Serum and Plasma by Isotope Dilution HPLC-MS-MS SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHLORINE GAS; TYROSYL RESIDUES; HYPOCHLOROUS ACID; HUMAN NEUTROPHILS; TRAIN DERAILMENT; MYELOPEROXIDASE; EXPOSURE; QUANTIFICATION; OXIDATION; PRODUCTS AB Chlorine is a public health concern and potential threat due to its high reactivity, ease and scale of production, widespread industrial use, bulk transportation, massive stockpiles and history as a chemical weapon. This work describes a new, sensitive and rapid stable isotope dilution method for the retrospective detection and quantitation of two chlorine adducts. The biomarkers 3-chlorotyrosine (Cl-Tyr) and 3,5-dichlorotyrosine (Cl-2-Tyr) were isolated from the pronase digest of chlorine exposed whole blood, serum or plasma by solid-phase extraction (SPE), separated by reversed-phase HPLC and detected by tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS). The calibration range is 2.50-1,000 ng/mL (R-2 a parts per thousand yen 0.998) with a lowest reportable limit (LRL) of 2.50 ng/mL for both analytes, an accuracy of a parts per thousand yen93% and an LOD of 0.443 ng/mL for Cl-Tyr and 0.396 ng/mL for Cl-2-Tyr. Inter- and intra-day precision of quality control samples had coefficients of variation of a parts per thousand currency sign10% and a parts per thousand currency sign7.0%, respectively. Blood and serum samples from 200 healthy individuals and 175 individuals with chronic inflammatory disease were analyzed using this method to assess background levels of chlorinated tyrosine adducts. Results from patients with no known inflammatory disease history (healthy) showed baseline levels of < LRL-4.26 ng/mL Cl-Tyr and < LRL Cl-2-Tyr. Patients with inflammatory disease had baseline levels of < LRL-15.4 ng/mL Cl-Tyr and < LRL-5.22 ng/mL Cl-2-Tyr. Blood exposed to 2.02 ppm chlorine gas for 15 min produced 941 ng/mL Cl-Tyr and 223 ng/mL Cl-2-Tyr. This high-throughput method has been developed and analytically validated for the diagnosis of human exposure to chlorine. C1 [Crow, Brian S.; Quinones-Gonzalez, Jennifer; Pantazides, Brooke G.; Perez, Jonas W.; Thomas, Jerry D.; Blake, Thomas A.; Johnson, Rudolph C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Winkeljohn, W. Rucks] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Garton, Joshua W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Crow, BS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jgz8@cdc.gov OI Blake, Thomas/0000-0001-8536-9998 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response and the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0146-4760 EI 1945-2403 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 40 IS 4 BP 264 EP 271 DI 10.1093/jat/bkw011 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA DM4CL UT WOS:000376293100004 PM 26977104 ER PT J AU Johnson, TL Bjork, JKH Neitzel, DF Dorr, FM Schiffman, EK Eisen, RJ AF Johnson, T. L. Bjork, J. K. H. Neitzel, D. F. Dorr, F. M. Schiffman, E. K. Eisen, R. J. TI Habitat Suitability Model for the Distribution of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in Minnesota SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ixodes scapularis; Lyme disease; Maxent; species distribution model ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; CLIMATE-BASED MODEL; LYME-DISEASE; HUMAN RISK; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; BORNE PATHOGENS; PACIFICUS ACARI; FIRE ISLAND AB Ixodes scapularis Say, the black-legged tick, is the primary vector in the eastern United States of several pathogens causing human diseases including Lyme disease, anaplasmosis, and babesiosis. Over the past two decades, I. scapularis-borne diseases have increased in incidence as well as geographic distribution. Lyme disease exists in two major foci in the United States, one encompassing northeastern states and the other in the Upper Midwest. Minnesota represents a state with an appreciable increase in counties reporting I. scapularis-borne illnesses, suggesting geographic expansion of vector populations in recent years. Recent tick distribution records support this assumption. Here, we used those records to create a fine resolution, subcounty-level distribution model for I. scapularis using variable response curves in addition to tests of variable importance. The model identified 19% of Minnesota as potentially suitable for establishment of the tick and indicated with high accuracy (AUC = 0.863) that the distribution is driven by land cover type, summer precipitation, maximum summer temperatures, and annual temperature variation. We provide updated records of established populations near the northwestern species range limit and present a model that increases our understanding of the potential distribution of I. scapularis in Minnesota. C1 [Johnson, T. L.; Eisen, R. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Bacterial Dis Branch, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Bjork, J. K. H.; Neitzel, D. F.; Dorr, F. M.; Schiffman, E. K.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, 625 Robert St N, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. RP Johnson, TL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Bacterial Dis Branch, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM uzj6@cdc.gov; jenna.bjork@state.mn.us; david.neitzel@state.mn.us; franny.dorr@state.mn.us; elizabeth.schiffman@state.mn.us; dyn2@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 19 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 53 IS 3 BP 598 EP 606 DI 10.1093/jme/tjw008 PG 9 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA DM6II UT WOS:000376454800016 PM 27026161 ER PT J AU Savage, HM Godsey, MS Panella, NA Burkhalter, KL Ashley, DC Lash, RR Ramsay, B Patterson, T Nicholson, WL AF Savage, Harry M. Godsey, Marvin S., Jr. Panella, Nicholas A. Burkhalter, Kristen L. Ashley, David C. Lash, R. Ryan Ramsay, Brian Patterson, Thomas Nicholson, William L. TI Surveillance for Heartland Virus (Bunyaviridae: Phlebovirus) in Missouri During 2013: First Detection of Virus in Adults of Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Heartland virus; Bunyaviridae; Phlebovirus; tick; Amblyomma americanum ID SAMPLES; NYMPHS; FEVER; KEY AB During 2013, we collected and tested ticks for Heartland virus (HRTV), a recently described human pathogen in the genus Phlebovirus (Bunyaviridae), from six sites in northwestern Missouri. Five sites were properties owned by HRTV patients, and the sixth was a conservation area that yielded virus in ticks during 2012. We collected 39,096 ticks representing five species; however, two species, Amblyomma americanum (L.) (97.6%) and Dermacentor variabilis (Say) (2.3%), accounted for nearly all ticks collected. We detected 60 HRTV-positive tick pools and all were composed of A. americanum: 53 pools of nymphs, six pools of male adults, and one pool of female adults. This is the first record of HRTV in adult ticks. Virus was detected at five properties that yielded A. americanum ticks, including properties owned by four of five patients. Virus was detected at two sites that yielded virus in 2012. Detection of virus inmultiple years indicates that the virus persists in ticks within a relatively small geographic area, although infection rates (IR) may vary greatly among sites and between years at a site. IR per 1,000 A. americanum in northwestern Missouri during the April-July 2013 study period were as follows: all adults, IR = 1.13; adult females, IR = 0.33; adult males, IR = 1.90; and nymphs, IR = 1.79. The IR in nymphs, the stage with the largest data set, corresponds to 1/559 infected ticks. Having robust estimates of IR in various stages for A. americanum should lead to more accurate public health messaging and a better understanding of virus transmission. C1 [Savage, Harry M.; Godsey, Marvin S., Jr.; Panella, Nicholas A.; Burkhalter, Kristen L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Ashley, David C.; Ramsay, Brian] Missouri Western State Univ, Dept Biol, St Joseph, MO 64507 USA. [Lash, R. Ryan; Nicholson, William L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Patterson, Thomas] Nodaway Cty Hlth Ctr, 2416 S Main, Maryville, MO 64468 USA. RP Savage, HM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM hms1@cdc.gov; MGodsey@cdc.gov; NAP4@cdc.gov; ktb3@cdc.gov; ashley@missouriwestern.edu; gnk6@cdc.gov; bramsay@missouriwestern.edu; tompatterson@nodawayhealth.org; WAN6@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 53 IS 3 BP 607 EP 612 DI 10.1093/jme/tjw028 PG 6 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA DM6II UT WOS:000376454800017 PM 27032416 ER PT J AU Boegler, KA Graham, CB Johnson, TL Montenieri, JA Eisen, RJ AF Boegler, Karen A. Graham, Christine B. Johnson, Tammi L. Montenieri, John A. Eisen, Rebecca J. TI Infection Prevalence, Bacterial Loads, and Transmission Efficiency in Oropsylla montana (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae) One Day After Exposure to Varying Concentrations of Yersinia pestis in Blood SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE plague; early-phase transmission; Oropsylla montana; Yersinia pestis; flea ID EARLY-PHASE TRANSMISSION; XENOPSYLLA-CHEOPIS SIPHONAPTERA; FLEA-BORNE TRANSMISSION; PLAGUE EPIZOOTICS; PRAIRIE DOGS; VECTOR COMPETENCE; UNBLOCKED FLEAS; BIOFILM; MICE; PULICIDAE AB Unblocked fleas can transmit Yersinia pestis, the bacterium that causes plague, shortly (<= 4 d) after taking an infectious bloodmeal. Investigators have measured so-called early-phase transmission (EPT) efficiency in various fleas following infection with highly bacteremic blood (>= 10(8) cfu/ml). To date, no one has determined the lower limit of bacteremia required for fleas to acquire and transmit infection by EPT, though knowing this threshold is central to determining the length of time a host may be infectious to feeding fleas. Here, we evaluate the ability of Oropsylla montana (Baker) to acquire and transmit Y. pestis after feeding on blood containing 10(3) to 10(9) cfu/ml. We evaluated the resulting infection prevalence, bacterial loads, and transmission efficiency within the early-phase time period at 1 d postinfection. Fleas acquired infection from bacteremic blood across a wide range of concentrations, but transmission was observed only when fleas ingested highly bacteremic blood. C1 [Boegler, Karen A.; Graham, Christine B.; Johnson, Tammi L.; Montenieri, John A.; Eisen, Rebecca J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Boegler, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM kje5@cdc.gov; hyb4@cdc.gov; uzj6@cdc.gov; jam3@cdc.gov; dyn2@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) fellowship program; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX We thank Brad Biggerstaff (CDC, Fort Collins, CO) for his valuable input and assistance with statistical analyses as well as interpretation of results obtained using the PooledInfRate Excel Add-In of his design. We also thank Rebecca J. Clark (CDC, Fort Collins) for her assistance with statistical analyses. This research was supported by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) fellowship program administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU), and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 53 IS 3 BP 674 EP 680 DI 10.1093/jme/tjw004 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA DM6II UT WOS:000376454800027 PM 26843450 ER PT J AU Loftis, AD Kelly, PJ Paddock, CD Blount, K Johnson, JW Gleim, ER Yabsley, MJ Levin, ML Beati, L AF Loftis, Amanda D. Kelly, Patrick J. Paddock, Christopher D. Blount, Keith Johnson, Jason W. Gleim, Elizabeth R. Yabsley, Michael J. Levin, Michael L. Beati, Lorenza TI Panola Mountain Ehrlichia in Amblyomma maculatum From the United States and Amblyomma variegatum (Acari: Ixodidae) From the Caribbean and Africa SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Africa; Amblyomma; Caribbean; Ehrlichia; tick ID TICK; RUMINANTIUM; INFECTION; USA; AMERICANUM; HISTORY; GEORGIA; FEVER AB Panola Mountain Ehrlichia (PME) has been suggested as an emerging pathogen of humans and dogs. Domestic goats and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are also susceptible and likely serve as reservoirs. Experimentally, both the lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum (L.)) and the Gulf Coast tick (Amblyomma maculatum Koch) can transmit PME among deer and goats. In the current study, we detected PME in adult wild-caught A. maculatum from the United States and Amblyomma variegatum (F.) from the Caribbean and Africa. This significantly expands the range, potential tick vectors, and risk for exposure to PME. C1 [Loftis, Amanda D.; Kelly, Patrick J.] Ross Univ, Sch Vet Med, POB 334, Basseterre, St Kitts, St Kitts & Nevi. [Paddock, Christopher D.; Levin, Michael L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Blount, Keith] US Air Force Acad, Dept Biol, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Johnson, Jason W.] Lincoln Mem Univ, Coll Vet Med, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy, Harrogate, TN 37752 USA. [Gleim, Elizabeth R.; Yabsley, Michael J.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Gleim, Elizabeth R.; Yabsley, Michael J.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, 589 DW Brooks Dr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Gleim, Elizabeth R.] Joseph W Jones Ecol Res Ctr Ichauway, Newton, GA USA. [Beati, Lorenza] Georgia So Univ, US Natl Tick Collect, Georgia Ave Bldg 204,POB 8056, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. RP Loftis, AD (reprint author), Ross Univ, Sch Vet Med, POB 334, Basseterre, St Kitts, St Kitts & Nevi. EM adloftis@gmail.com; PKelly@rossvet.edu.kn; cdp9@cdc.gov; keith.blount@usafa.edu; jason.johnson@LMUnet.edu; egleim@gmail.com; myabsley@uga.edu; msl3@cdc.gov; lorenzabeati@georgiasouthern.edu FU Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); USDA NIFA TSTAR program [2010-34135-21018]; NSF grant [DEB-NSF 1026146]; CDC/University of Georgia (UGA) [8212]; Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center; Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources (UGA); Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study (SCWDS) (UGA) through the Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration Act [50 Stat. 917]; Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study (SCWDS) (UGA) through the SCWDS sponsorship FX We would like to thank Jerome Goddard, Lance Durden, Kerry Clark, and the staff at the Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center for assistance with tick collecting; Helene Lucas, Jennifer Sidge, Floyd Revan, and Susyn Kelly, for their technical assistance; and Mike Connor for his advice and guidance to E. Gleim. Support was provided by an intramural grant from Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the USDA NIFA TSTAR program (2010-34135-21018). L. Beati was in part supported through NSF grant DEB-NSF 1026146. E. Gleim and M. Yabsley were funded by CDC/University of Georgia (UGA) collaborative grant 8212, the Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center, Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources (UGA), and the Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study (SCWDS) (UGA) through the Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration Act (50 Stat. 917) and through SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agencies of member states. The findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 53 IS 3 BP 696 EP 698 DI 10.1093/jme/tjv240 PG 3 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA DM6II UT WOS:000376454800031 PM 26744465 ER PT J AU Dunford, JC Falconer, A Leite, LN Wirtz, RA Brogdon, WG AF Dunford, James C. Falconer, Aneika Leite, Laura N. Wirtz, Robert A. Brogdon, William G. TI Determination of Insecticidal Effect (LC50 and LC90) of Organic Fatty Acids Mixture (C8910+Silicone) Against Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE LC50; LC90; bioassay; C8910; Aedes ID DENGUE OUTBREAKS; CHIKUNGUNYA; AMERICA AB Emerging and re-emerging vector-borne diseases such as chikungunya and dengue and associated Aedes vectors are expanding their historical ranges; thus, there is a need for the development of novel insecticides for use in vector control programs. The mosquito toxicity of a novel insecticide and repellent consisting of medium-chain carbon fatty acids (C8910) was examined. Determination of LC50 and LC90 was made against colonyreared Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) using probit analysis on mortality data generated by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention bottle bioassays. Six different concentrations of C8910+silicone oil yielded an LC50 of 160.3 mg a.i/bottle (147.6-182.7) and LC90 of 282.8 (233.2-394.2) in Ae. aegypti; five concentrations yielded an LC50 of 125.4 (116.1-137.6) and LC90 of 192.5 (165.0-278.9) in Ae. albopictus. Further development of C8910 and similar compounds could provide vector control specialists novel insecticides for controlling insect disease vectors. C1 [Dunford, James C.] Navy Environm & Prevent Med Unit 2, Norfolk, VA 23511 USA. [Falconer, Aneika; Leite, Laura N.; Wirtz, Robert A.; Brogdon, William G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Dunford, JC (reprint author), Navy Environm & Prevent Med Unit 2, Norfolk, VA 23511 USA. EM dunford@ufl.edu; aneikafalconer@gmail.com; xhn4@cdc.gov; bew5@cdc.gov; wgb1@cdc.gov FU Pulcra Chemicals (Rock Hill, SC); Emery Oleochemicals (Selangor, Malaysia) FX We thank William Reifenrath (Stratacor, Inc.) for providing C8910 compounds and background information to place the work in the context of previous and on-going studies. Laboratory assistance was kindly provided by Lucrecia Vizcaino (Guest Researcher, CDC), Michael Kavanaugh (Lieutenant, US Navy, Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Detachment, CDC), and Dr. David Hoel (Captain, US Navy, Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Detachment, CDC). We thank Dr. Jennifer Espiritu (Commander, US Navy, Officer in Charge-Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit 2) for supporting this project. Aedes aegypti used in testing were obtained from colonies maintained in the insectary located at CDC, Atlanta, and Aedes albopictus were obtained from BEI Resources Repository. Earlier drafts of this manuscript were greatly improved by Christian Johnroe (Lieutenant Junior Grade, US Navy, Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit 2) and two anonymous reviewers. Funding to hire laboratory assistants to conduct research at CDC was provided by Pulcra Chemicals (Rock Hill, SC) and Emery Oleochemicals (Selangor, Malaysia). NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 53 IS 3 BP 699 EP 702 DI 10.1093/jme/tjv239 PG 4 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA DM6II UT WOS:000376454800032 PM 26718717 ER PT J AU Obenauer, PJ Rueda, LM El-Hossary, SS Watany, N Stoops, CA Fakoli, LS Bolay, FK Diclaro, JW AF Obenauer, P. J. Rueda, L. M. El-Hossary, S. S. Watany, N. Stoops, C. A. Fakoli, L. S. Bolay, F. K. Diclaro, J. W., II TI New Records and Updated Checklist of Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) From Liberia SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Leishmaniasis; Phlebotomus; Sergentomyia; West Africa ID SANDFLIES; LEISHMANIASIS; BIOLOGY; COMPLEX; GHANA AB Phlebotomine sand flies from three counties in Liberia were collected from January 2011 to July 2013. In total, 3,118 sand flies were collected: 18 species were identified, 13 of which represented new records for Liberia. An updated taxonomic checklist is provided with a brief note on sand fly biology, and the disease vector potential for species is discussed. C1 [Obenauer, P. J.] US Navy, 1600 Clifton Rd,649,Bldg 23,Off 9-117, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Obenauer, P. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Marine Corps Publ Hlth Ctr Det, 1600 Clifton Rd,649,Bldg 23,Off 9-117, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Rueda, L. M.; El-Hossary, S. S.; Watany, N.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Entomol Branch, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Rueda, L. M.; El-Hossary, S. S.; Watany, N.] Adjacent Abbassa Fever Hosp, Imtidad Ramses St, Abbassa 11517, Egypt. [Diclaro, J. W., II] US Navy, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Stoops, C. A.] US Navy, Med Res Unit Lima Peru 6, 3230 Lima Pl, Washington, DC 20521 USA. [Fakoli, L. S.; Bolay, F. K.] Liberian Inst Biomed Res, POB 31, Monrovia, Liberia. RP Obenauer, PJ (reprint author), US Navy, 1600 Clifton Rd,649,Bldg 23,Off 9-117, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.; Obenauer, PJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Marine Corps Publ Hlth Ctr Det, 1600 Clifton Rd,649,Bldg 23,Off 9-117, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM Yry3@cdc.gov; ruedapol@si.edu; shabaanelhossary57@yahoo.com; Noha.Watany.eg@med.navy.mil; craig.a.stoops.mil@mail.mil; lawfako2008@yahoo.com; bolayf@lr.afro.who.int; DiclaroJW@state.gov FU Department of Defense's Global Emerging Infections System (GEIS) [C0436-11-N3, C0549-12-N3] FX We thank Maria Badra for her assistance with logistical support of all personnel and materials pertaining to this study, and El-Shaimaa Nour El-Din, Rania Kaldas, Emad Fawaz, and Mahmoud Abdel-Dayem for their help in processing, identifying, and testing sand fly specimens. We thank the U.S. Navy Entomology Center of Excellence (NECE) staff for their assistance with collecting sand flies. We are grateful to the support staff of the Liberian Institute for Biomedical Research (LIBR), Monrovia, Liberia, for assisting and executing this study. A special thanks to Graham White and Seth Irish for providing a critical review of this manuscript. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, the Department of the Army, and the Department of Defense, nor the U.S. Government. This work was funded by the Department of Defense's Global Emerging Infections System (GEIS) unit work numbers C0436-11-N3 and C0549-12-N3. This work was prepared as part of our official duties. Title 17 U.S.C. 105 provides that "Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government." Title 17 U.S.C. 101 defines a U.S. Government work as a work prepared by a military service member or employee of the U.S. Government as part of that person's official duties. Furthermore, this research was performed under a Memorandum of Understanding between the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research and the Smithsonian Institution, with institutional support provided by both organizations. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 53 IS 3 BP 717 EP 720 DI 10.1093/jme/tjv255 PG 4 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA DM6II UT WOS:000376454800036 PM 26810730 ER PT J AU Benard, VB Greek, A Roland, KB Hawkins, NA Lin, L Saraiya, M AF Benard, Vicki B. Greek, April Roland, Katherine B. Hawkins, Nikki A. Lin, Lavinia Saraiya, Mona TI Change in Provider Beliefs Regarding Cervical Cancer Screening Intervals After an Educational Intervention SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID QUALIFIED HEALTH CENTERS; UNITED-STATES; GUIDELINES; HPV; GYNECOLOGISTS; PREVENTION; SOCIETY AB Background: Current cervical cancer screening guidelines include the option of lengthening the screening interval to 5 years for average-risk women aged 30-65 years when screened with Pap and human papillomavirus (HPV) test (co-test). Because many providers are reluctant to extend screening intervals, we launched an educational intervention to promote recommended screening practices. The study objective was to assess changes in provider attitudes and beliefs to extending screening intervals among low-income women. Methods: The study was conducted in 15 clinics in Federally Qualified Health Centers in Illinois. Providers in the intervention arm received a multicomponent educational intervention. Fifty-six providers (n = 29 intervention and n = 27 control) completed baseline and 12-month follow-up surveys assessing beliefs and intentions about extending screening intervals. Results: The 12-month assessment showed providers in the intervention arm were significantly more likely than those in the control arm to recommend a 3-year screening interval (guideline recommendation at time of study) with a normal co-test result. Providers who received the intervention were significantly more likely to agree that routine co-testing is the best way to screen for cervical cancer, that extending the screening interval would be good, easy, and beneficial, and to disagree that the increased screening interval would cause patients to lose contact with the medical system. Conclusion: Educating providers on the natural history of HPV infection and cervical cancer and the benefits of extended intervals increased their willingness to follow guidelines. This study provides evidence that an educational intervention delivered with HPV testing materials may be effective in encouraging appropriate cervical screening intervals. C1 [Benard, Vicki B.; Roland, Katherine B.; Hawkins, Nikki A.; Lin, Lavinia; Saraiya, Mona] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Greek, April] Battelle Mem Inst, Div Hlth & Analyt, Seattle, WA USA. RP Benard, VB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vdb9@cdc.gov FU [0006]; [0017] FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. This article was written in the course of employment by the United States Government or under a contract with Battelle (200-2002-00573, Task Order No. 0006 and No. 0017) and it is not subject to copyright in the United States. The authors gratefully acknowledge the medical directors and administrators from the FQHCs who participated in the study, and the Illinois Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 EI 1931-843X J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD MAY PY 2016 VL 25 IS 5 BP 422 EP 427 DI 10.1089/jwh.2015.5706 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA DM6QS UT WOS:000376478100003 PM 27096534 ER PT J AU Rockhill, KM Tong, VT Farr, SL Robbins, CL D'Angelo, DV England, LJ AF Rockhill, Karilynn M. Tong, Van T. Farr, Sherry L. Robbins, Cheryl L. D'Angelo, Denise V. England, Lucinda J. TI Postpartum Smoking Relapse After Quitting During Pregnancy: Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, 2000-2011 SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PRENATAL SMOKING; WOMEN; CESSATION; ASSOCIATION; PRAMS; BEHAVIOR; HEALTH; TRENDS; SITES AB Background: Relapsing to smoking postpartum jeopardizes a woman's health and her infant's health. Our study estimated the proportion and identified characteristics associated with postpartum relapse using a large population-based sample. Materials and Methods: We analyzed Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System data among women with live births. Relapse was defined as smoking at survey completion among those who quit by the last 3 months of pregnancy. We assessed linear trends for relapse during 2000-2011 in 40 sites overall and individually using logistic regression. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) were calculated to assess characteristics associated with relapse during 2009-2011 (n = 13,076). Results: During 2000-2011, the proportion of women who relapsed postpartum remained unchanged overall (p = 0.84) and by site (p >= 0.05 for each), ranging in 2011 from 30.8% to 52.2% (Wyoming-Arkansas). Characteristics associated with relapse compared with reference groups were prepregnancy daily smoking (aPR = 1.80; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.59-2.04); age < 20 years (aPR = 1.51; 1.24-1.84), 20-24 years (aPR = 1.39; 1.17-1.65), or 25-34 years (aPR = 1.26; 1.07-1.48); not initiating breastfeeding (aPR = 1.34; 1.24-1.44); not having a complete home smoking ban (aPR = 1.27; 1.14-1.42); being black non-Hispanic (aPR = 1.25; 1.14-1.38); being multiparous (aPR = 1.20; 1.11-1.28); experiencing 3-5 stressors during pregnancy (aPR = 1.12; 1.01-1.24); having an unintended pregnancy (aPR = 1.11; 1.03-1.19); and having 12 years of education (aPR = 1.09; 1.01-1.17). Conclusions: There was no change in the proportion of women relapsing postpartum during 2000-2011. In 2011, nearly half (42%) of women relapsed after quitting smoking during pregnancy. Disparities exist by site and by maternal characteristics. A comprehensive approach maximizing tobacco control efforts and developing effective clinical interventions delivered across sectors is necessary for long-term tobacco abstinence among women. C1 [Rockhill, Karilynn M.; Tong, Van T.; Farr, Sherry L.; Robbins, Cheryl L.; D'Angelo, Denise V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rockhill, Karilynn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Atlanta, GA USA. [England, Lucinda J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tong, VT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-74, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM vct2@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 EI 1931-843X J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD MAY PY 2016 VL 25 IS 5 BP 480 EP 488 DI 10.1089/jwh.2015.5244 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA DM6QS UT WOS:000376478100012 PM 26717489 ER PT J AU Guo, XQ Heflich, RH Dial, SL Richter, PA Moore, MM Mei, N AF Guo, Xiaoqing Heflich, Robert H. Dial, Stacey L. Richter, Patricia A. Moore, Martha M. Mei, Nan TI Quantitative analysis of the relative mutagenicity of five chemical constituents of tobacco smoke in the mouse lymphoma assay SO MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article ID DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS; MAINSTREAM CIGARETTE-SMOKE; RISK-ASSESSMENT; IN-VITRO; GENETIC TOXICOLOGY; IWGT REPORT; GENOTOXICITY; CELLS; CARCINOGENS; CONDENSATE AB Quantifying health-related biological effects, like genotoxicity, could provide a way of distinguishing between tobacco products. In order to develop tools for using genotoxicty data to quantitatively evaluate the risk of tobacco products, we tested five carcinogens found in cigarette smoke, 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), cadmium (in the form of CdCl2), 2-amino-3,4-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQ) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), in the mouse lymphoma assay (MLA). The resulting mutagenicity dose responses were analyzed by various quantitative approaches and their strengths and weaknesses for distinguishing responses in the MLA were evaluated. L5178Y/Tk (+/-) 3.7.2C mouse lymphoma cells were treated with four to seven concentrations of each chemical for 4h. Only CdCl2 produced a positive response without metabolic activation (S9); all five chemicals produced dose-dependent increases in cytotoxicity and mutagenicity with S9. The lowest dose exceeding the global evaluation factor, the benchmark dose producing a 10%, 50%, 100% or 200% increase in the background frequency (BMD10, BMD50, BMD100 and BMD200), the no observed genotoxic effect level (NOGEL), the lowest observed genotoxic effect level (LOGEL) and the mutagenic potency expressed as a mutant frequency per micromole of chemical, were calculated for all the positive responses. All the quantitative metrics had similar rank orders for the agents' ability to induce mutation, from the most to least potent as CdCl2(-S9) > BaP(+S9) > CdCl2(+S9) > MeIQ(+S9) > 4-ABP(+S9) > NNK(+S9). However, the metric values for the different chemical responses (i.e. the ratio of the greatest value to the least value) for the different chemicals ranged from 16-fold (BMD10) to 572-fold (mutagenic potency). These results suggest that data from the MLA are capable of discriminating the mutagenicity of various constituents of cigarette smoke, and that quantitative analyses are available that can be useful in distinguishing between the exposure responses. C1 [Guo, Xiaoqing; Heflich, Robert H.; Dial, Stacey L.; Moore, Martha M.; Mei, Nan] Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Genet & Mol Toxicol, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Richter, Patricia A.] Ctr Tobacco Prod, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. [Richter, Patricia A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Moore, Martha M.] Ramboll Environ, 124 West Capitol Ave,Suite 1890, Little Rock, AR 72201 USA. RP Mei, N (reprint author), Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Genet & Mol Toxicol, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. EM nan.mei@fda.hhs.gov OI MEI, NAN/0000-0002-3501-9014 FU US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) FX This research was supported by an inter-center agreement within US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) between the Center for Tobacco Products (CTP) and National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR). This manuscript has been reviewed by the NCTR and the CTP. The information in these materials is not a formal dissemination of information by the US FDA and does not represent agency position or policy. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0267-8357 EI 1464-3804 J9 MUTAGENESIS JI Mutagenesis PD MAY PY 2016 VL 31 IS 3 BP 287 EP 296 DI 10.1093/mutage/gev039 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA DM4GJ UT WOS:000376304600006 PM 26001754 ER PT J AU Mazurek, JM England, LJ AF Mazurek, Jacek M. England, Lucinda J. TI Cigarette Smoking Among Working Women of Reproductive Age-United States, 2009-2013 SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY; WORKPLACE POLICIES; SECONDHAND SMOKE; TOBACCO USE; ADULTS; CESSATION; WORKERS; INTERVENTION; POPULATION; OCCUPATION AB Background: Employers play a vital role in promoting and supporting tobacco use cessation among tobacco-using workers. Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is a preventable cause of complications in pregnancy and adverse infant health outcomes. Purpose: To estimate cigarette smoking prevalence and attempts to quit among working women of reproductive age in different industries and occupations using a nationally representative survey. Methods: The 2009-2013 National Health Interview Survey data for women of reproductive age (18-49 years) who were working in the week prior to the interview (n = 30 855) were analyzed. Data were adjusted for nonresponse and weighted to produce nationally representative estimates. Results: During 2009-2013, among working women of reproductive age, an estimated 17.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.7-17.8) and 12.9% (95% CI: 12.4-13.4) were current and former cigarette smokers, respectively. Of women who smoke daily, 44.5% (95% CI: 42.5-46.5) had made a quit attempt for more than 1 day in the year before the interview. Cigarette smoking prevalence was highest among women working in the construction industry (29.2%; 95% CI: 22.8-35.7) and in construction and extraction occupations (34.6%; 95% CI: 23.4-45.9). Among working women who were pregnant at the time of the interview, 6.8% (95% CI: 4.4-9.2) and 20.4% (95% CI: 16.9-24.0) were current and former cigarette smokers, respectively. Conclusions: Cigarette smoking prevalence varies by industry and occupation. Intensifying tobacco control efforts in high prevalence industries and occupations could result in higher cessation rates and improvements in health among women of reproductive age. Implications: This study identified discrepancies in cigarette smoking among women of reproductive age across industries and occupations. In the absence of smoke-free local and state laws, employer-established smoke-free policies and workplace cessation programs are important for achieving reduction of tobacco use among women and for protecting other workers' health. Results in this report may assist in developing educational campaigns targeting women in industries and occupations with high prevalence of cigarette smoking and low percentage of ever-smokers who had quit. C1 [Mazurek, Jacek M.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [England, Lucinda J.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mazurek, JM (reprint author), NIOSH, CDC, Mailstop HG 900-2,1055 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM jmazurek1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 EI 1469-994X J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 18 IS 5 BP 894 EP 899 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntv292 PG 6 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM4XN UT WOS:000376350700056 PM 26791371 ER PT J AU Althabe, F Aleman, A Berrueta, M Morello, P Gibbons, L Colomar, M Tong, VT Dietz, PM Farr, SL Ciganda, A Mazzoni, A Llambi, L Becu, A Smith, RA Johnson, C Belizan, JM Buekens, PM AF Althabe, Fernando Aleman, Alicia Berrueta, Mabel Morello, Paola Gibbons, Luz Colomar, Mercedes Tong, Van T. Dietz, Patricia M. Farr, Sherry L. Ciganda, Alvaro Mazzoni, Agustina Llambi, Laura Becu, Ana Smith, Ruben A. Johnson, Carolyn Belizan, Jose M. Buekens, Pierre M. TI A Multifaceted Strategy to Implement Brief Smoking Cessation Counseling During Antenatal Care in Argentina and Uruguay: A Cluster Randomized Trial SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PREGNANT-WOMEN; CLINICAL GUIDELINES; GENERAL-PRACTICE; TOBACCO USE; DISSEMINATION; ATTRIBUTES; PROGRAM AB Introduction: Argentina and Uruguay have a high prevalence of smoking during pregnancy. However, and despite national recommendations, pregnant women are not routinely receiving cessation counseling during antenatal care (ANC). We evaluated a multifaceted strategy designed to increase the frequency of pregnant women who received a brief smoking cessation counseling based on the 5As (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, and Arrange). Methods: We randomly assigned (1: 1) 20 ANC clusters in Buenos Aires, Argentina and Montevideo, Uruguay to receive a multifaceted intervention to implement brief smoking cessation counseling into routine ANC, or to receive no intervention. The primary outcome was the frequency of women who recalled receiving the 5As during ANC at more than one visit. Frequency of women who smoked until the end of pregnancy, and attitudes and readiness of ANC providers towards providing counseling were secondary outcomes. Women's outcomes were measured at baseline and at the end of the 14- to 18-month intervention, by administering questionnaires at the postpartum hospital stay. Self-reported cessation was verified with saliva cotinine. The trial took place between October 03, 2011 and November 29, 2013. Results: The rate of women who recalled receiving the 5As increased from 14.0% to 33.6% in the intervention group (median rate change, 22.1%), and from 10.8% to 17.0% in the control group (median rate change, 4.6%; P = .001 for the difference in change between groups). The effect of the intervention was larger in Argentina than in Uruguay. The proportion of women who continued smoking during pregnancy was unchanged at follow-up in both groups and the relative difference between groups was not statistically significant (ratio of odds ratios 1.16, 95% CI: 0.98-1.37; P = .086). No significant changes were observed in knowledge, attitudes, and self-confidence of ANC providers. Conclusions: The intervention showed a moderate effect in increasing the proportion of women who recalled receiving the 5As, with a third of women receiving counseling in more than one visit. However, the frequency of women who smoked until the end of the pregnancy was not significantly reduced by the intervention. Implications: No implementation trials of smoking cessation interventions for pregnant women have been carried out in Latin American or in middle-income countries where health care systems or capacities may differ. We evaluated a multifaceted strategy designed to increase the frequency of pregnant women who receive brief smoking cessation counseling based on the 5As in Argentina and Uruguay. We found that the intervention showed a moderate effect in increasing the proportion of women receiving the 5As, with a third of women receiving counseling in more than one visit. However, the frequency of women who smoked until the end of the pregnancy was not significantly reduced by the intervention. C1 [Althabe, Fernando; Berrueta, Mabel; Morello, Paola; Gibbons, Luz; Mazzoni, Agustina; Becu, Ana; Belizan, Jose M.] Inst Clin Effectiveness & Hlth Policy IECS, Mother & Child Hlth Res Dept, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Aleman, Alicia; Colomar, Mercedes; Ciganda, Alvaro] Montevideo Clin & Epidemiol Res Unit, Div Reprod Hlth, Montevideo, Uruguay. [Tong, Van T.; Dietz, Patricia M.; Farr, Sherry L.; Smith, Ruben A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCCDPHP, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F74, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Llambi, Laura] Univ Republica, Fac Med, Hosp Clin, Montevideo, Uruguay. [Johnson, Carolyn; Buekens, Pierre M.] Tulane Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Global Community Hlth & Behav Sci, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Tong, VT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCCDPHP, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F74, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vct2@cdc.gov FU CDC [5U48DP001948-04 (SIP09-18)] FX The study was supported through CDC Cooperative Agreement 5U48DP001948-04 (SIP09-18) to Tulane University. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) had input into the study design and data interpretation and reviewed and approved the report. The findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC. LG, RAS, AC, and FA had access to all the data in the study. The corresponding author had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 EI 1469-994X J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 18 IS 5 BP 1083 EP 1092 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntv276 PG 10 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM4XN UT WOS:000376350700083 PM 26660265 ER PT J AU Berrueta, M Morello, P Aleman, A Tong, VT Johnson, C Dietz, PM Farr, SL Mazzoni, A Colomar, M Ciganda, A Llambi, L Llambi, L Becu, A Gibbons, L Smith, RA Buekens, P Belizan, JM Althabe, F AF Berrueta, Mabel Morello, Paola Aleman, Alicia Tong, Van T. Johnson, Carolyn Dietz, Patricia M. Farr, Sherry L. Mazzoni, Agustina Colomar, Mercedes Ciganda, Alvaro Llambi, Laura Llambi, Laura Becu, Ana Gibbons, Luz Smith, Ruben A. Buekens, Pierre Belizan, Jose M. Althabe, Fernando TI Smoking Patterns and Receipt of Cessation Services Among Pregnant Women in Argentina and Uruguay SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PRENATAL-CARE; EXPOSURE; SMOKERS; PREVALENCE; VALIDATION; NONSMOKERS; GUIDELINES; BARRIERS; COTININE AB Introduction: The 5A's (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, and Arrange) strategy, a best-practice approach for cessation counseling, has been widely implemented in high-income countries for pregnant women; however, no studies have evaluated implementation in middle-income countries. The study objectives were to assess smoking patterns and receipt of 5A's among pregnant women in Buenos Aires, Argentina and Montevideo, Uruguay. Methods: Data were collected through administered questionnaires to women at delivery hospitalizations during October 2011-May 2012. Eligible women attended one of 12 maternity hospitals or 21 associated prenatal care clinics. The questionnaire included demographic data, tobacco use/cessation behaviors, and receipt of the 5A's. Self-reported cessation was verified with saliva cotinine. Results: Overall, of 3400 pregnant women, 32.8% smoked at the beginning of pregnancy; 11.9% quit upon learning they were pregnant or later during pregnancy, and 20.9% smoked throughout pregnancy. Smoking prevalence varied by country with 16.1% and 26.7% who smoked throughout pregnancy in Argentina and Uruguay, respectively. Among pregnant smokers in Argentina, 23.8% reported that a provider asked them about smoking at more than one prenatal care visit; 18.5% were advised to quit; 5.3% were assessed for readiness to quit, 4.7% were provided assistance, and 0.7% reported follow-up was arranged. In Uruguay, those percentages were 36.3%, 27.9%, 5.4%, 5.6%, and 0.2%, respectively. Conclusions: Approximately, one in six pregnant women smoked throughout pregnancy in Buenos Aires and one in four in Montevideo. However, a low percentage of smokers received any cessation assistance in both countries. Healthcare providers are not fully implementing the recommended 5A's intervention to help pregnant women quit smoking. C1 [Berrueta, Mabel; Morello, Paola; Mazzoni, Agustina; Becu, Ana; Gibbons, Luz; Belizan, Jose M.; Althabe, Fernando] Inst Clin Effectiveness & Hlth Policy IECS, Dept Mother & Child Hlth Res, Dr Emilio Ravignani 2024 C1414CPT, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Aleman, Alicia; Colomar, Mercedes; Ciganda, Alvaro; Llambi, Laura] Clin & Epidemiol Res Unit, Montevideo, Uruguay. [Tong, Van T.; Dietz, Patricia M.; Farr, Sherry L.; Smith, Ruben A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA USA. [Johnson, Carolyn; Buekens, Pierre] Tulane Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Berrueta, M (reprint author), Inst Clin Effectiveness & Hlth Policy IECS, Dept Mother & Child Hlth Res, Dr Emilio Ravignani 2024 C1414CPT, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM mberrueta@iecs.org.ar FU CDC [5U48DP001948-04 (SIP09-18)] FX The study was supported through CDC cooperative agreement 5U48DP001948-04 (SIP09-18) to Tulane University. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 EI 1469-994X J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 18 IS 5 BP 1116 EP 1125 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntv145 PG 10 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM4XN UT WOS:000376350700087 PM 26117836 ER PT J AU Baker, KK O'Reilly, CE Levine, MM Kotloff, KL Nataro, JP Ayers, TL Farag, TH Nasrin, D Blackwelder, WC Wu, YK Alonso, PL Breiman, RF Omore, R Faruque, ASG Das, SK Ahmed, S Saha, D Sow, SO Sur, D Zaidi, AKM Quadri, F Mintz, ED AF Baker, Kelly K. O'Reilly, Ciara E. Levine, Myron M. Kotloff, Karen L. Nataro, James P. Ayers, Tracy L. Farag, Tamer H. Nasrin, Dilruba Blackwelder, William C. Wu, Yukun Alonso, Pedro L. Breiman, Robert F. Omore, Richard Faruque, Abu S. G. Das, Sumon Kumar Ahmed, Shahnawaz Saha, Debasish Sow, Samba O. Sur, Dipika Zaidi, Anita K. M. Quadri, Fahreen Mintz, Eric D. TI Sanitation and Hygiene-Specific Risk Factors for Moderate-to-Severe Diarrhea in Young Children in the Global Enteric Multicenter Study, 2007-2011: Case-Control Study SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; SHARED SANITATION; KAMPALA SLUMS; SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; HOUSEHOLD LATRINES; CHOLERA OUTBREAK; GAMBIAN INFANTS; NATIONAL CAUSES; WATER; MORTALITY AB Background Diarrheal disease is the second leading cause of disease in children less than 5 y of age. Poor water, sanitation, and hygiene conditions are the primary routes of exposure and infection. Sanitation and hygiene interventions are estimated to generate a 36% and 48% reduction in diarrheal risk in young children, respectively. Little is known about whether the number of households sharing a sanitation facility affects a child's risk of diarrhea. The objective of this study was to describe sanitation and hygiene access across the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) sites in Africa and South Asia and to assess sanitation and hygiene exposures, including shared sanitation access, as risk factors for moderate-tosevere diarrhea (MSD) in children less than 5 y of age. Methods/Findings The GEMS matched case-control study was conducted between December 1, 2007, and March 3, 2011, at seven sites in Basse, The Gambia; Nyanza Province, Kenya; Bamako, Mali; Manhica, Mozambique; Mirzapur, Bangladesh; Kolkata, India; and Karachi, Pakistan. Data was collected for 8,592 case children aged < 5 y old experiencing MSD and for 12,390 asymptomatic age, gender, and neighborhood-matched controls. An MSD case was defined as a child with a diarrheal illness < 7 d duration comprising >= 3 loose stools in 24 h and >= 1 of the following: sunken eyes, skin tenting, dysentery, intravenous (IV) rehydration, or hospitalization. Site-specific conditional logistic regression models were used to explore the association between sanitation and hygiene exposures and MSD. Most households at six sites (> 93%) had access to a sanitation facility, while 70% of households in rural Kenya had access to a facility. Practicing open defecation was a risk factor for MSD in children < 5 y old in Kenya. Sharing sanitation facilities with 1-2 or >= 3 other households was a statistically significant risk factor for MSD in Kenya, Mali, Mozambique, and Pakistan. Among those with a designated handwashing area near the home, soap or ash were more frequently observed at control households and were significantly protective against MSD in Mozambique and India. Conclusions This study suggests that sharing a sanitation facility with just one to two other households can increase the risk of MSD in young children, compared to using a private facility. Interventions aimed at increasing access to private household sanitation facilities may reduce the burden of MSD in children. These findings support the current World Health Organization/United Nations Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) system that categorizes shared sanitation as unimproved. C1 [Baker, Kelly K.; Levine, Myron M.; Kotloff, Karen L.; Nataro, James P.; Farag, Tamer H.; Nasrin, Dilruba; Blackwelder, William C.; Wu, Yukun] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Baker, Kelly K.] Univ Iowa, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. [O'Reilly, Ciara E.; Ayers, Tracy L.; Mintz, Eric D.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nataro, James P.] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Farag, Tamer H.; Zaidi, Anita K. M.; Quadri, Fahreen] Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. [Wu, Yukun] Emergent BioSolut, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Alonso, Pedro L.] Univ Barcelona, Ctr Recerca Salut Internac Barcelona, Hosp Clin CRESIB, Barcelona, Spain. [Alonso, Pedro L.] Ctr Invest Saude Manhica, Maputo, Mozambique. [Alonso, Pedro L.] World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland. [Breiman, Robert F.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nairobi, Kenya. [Breiman, Robert F.] Emory Univ, Emory Global Hlth Inst, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Omore, Richard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent KEMRI CDC, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. [Faruque, Abu S. G.; Das, Sumon Kumar; Ahmed, Shahnawaz] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Das, Sumon Kumar] Univ Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Saha, Debasish] Med Res Council United Kingdom, Fajara, Gambia. [Sow, Samba O.] Ctr Dev Vaccins, Bamako, Mali. [Sur, Dipika] Natl Inst Cholera & Enter Dis, Kolkata, India. [Sur, Dipika] India Publ Hlth Assoc, New Delhi, India. [Sur, Dipika] PATH India Off, New Delhi, India. [Zaidi, Anita K. M.] Aga Khan Univ, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Karachi, Pakistan. RP Baker, KK (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.; Baker, KK (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. EM kelly-k-baker@uiowa.edu OI Baker, Kelly/0000-0002-3774-2628; Ayers, Tracy/0000-0003-4140-3263 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [38874]; US Agency for International Development; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by Grant #38874 from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (http://www.gatesfoundation.org/) to MML, Principal Investigator. Salary support for CEO was provided by the US Agency for International Development (https://www.usaid.gov/) through an Inter-Agency Agreement with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. THF, a current employee of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, contributed as an author to the design and collection of data supporting the preparation of this manuscript while employed by the Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland Baltimore. NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1549-1676 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 13 IS 5 AR e1002010 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002010 PG 19 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DN2NK UT WOS:000376900100002 PM 27138888 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, R Sevene, E Jagoe, G Slutsker, L Menendez, C AF Gonzalez, Raquel Sevene, Esperanca Jagoe, George Slutsker, Laurence Menendez, Clara TI A Public Health Paradox: The Women Most Vulnerable to Malaria Are the Least Protected SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INFECTED PREGNANT-WOMEN; HIV; COTRIMOXAZOLE; PREVALENCE; ANEMIA C1 [Gonzalez, Raquel; Menendez, Clara] Hosp Clin Univ Barcelona, ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr Int Hlth Res CRESIB, Barcelona, Spain. [Gonzalez, Raquel; Sevene, Esperanca; Menendez, Clara] Manhica Hlth Res Ctr CISM, Manhica, Mozambique. [Sevene, Esperanca] Eduardo Mondlane Univ, Fac Med, Maputo, Mozambique. [Jagoe, George] Med Malaria Venture, Geneva, Switzerland. [Slutsker, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gonzalez, R (reprint author), Hosp Clin Univ Barcelona, ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr Int Hlth Res CRESIB, Barcelona, Spain.; Gonzalez, R (reprint author), Manhica Hlth Res Ctr CISM, Manhica, Mozambique. EM raquel.gonzalez@isglobal.org NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1549-1676 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 13 IS 5 AR e1002014 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002014 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DN2NK UT WOS:000376900100005 PM 27139032 ER PT J AU Ward, JW AF Ward, John W. TI Strategies for Expanding Access to HBV and HCV Testing and Care in the United States: The CDC Hepatitis Testing and Linkage to Care Initiative, 2012-2014 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Editorial Material ID FORCE RECOMMENDATION STATEMENT; B-VIRUS INFECTION C1 [Ward, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ward, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jward@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 131 SU 2 BP 1 EP 4 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM3AJ UT WOS:000376218900001 PM 27168654 ER PT J AU Ramirez, G Cabral, R Patterson, M Schoenbachler, BT Bedell, D Smith, BD Vellozzi, C Beckett, GA AF Ramirez, Gilberto Cabral, Rebecca Patterson, Margaret Schoenbachler, Ben T. Bedell, Deborah Smith, Bryce D. Vellozzi, Claudia Beckett, Geoff A. TI Early Identification and Linkage to Care for People with Chronic HBV and HCV Infection: The HepTLC Initiative SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID C VIRUS-INFECTION; HEPATITIS-B; UNITED-STATES; RECOMMENDATIONS; ACCESS AB Objective. In 2012, CDC's Division of Viral Hepatitis launched a public health initiative to increase hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection testing for those at risk and to improve linkage to medical care for those infected. We describe testing outcomes of previously unidentified people at risk for HBV and HCV infection and the lessons learned while linking patients to care. Methods. CDC's Hepatitis Testing and Linkage to Care (HepTLC) initiative provided 34 financial awards to U.S. organizations that serve people at risk for viral hepatitis, 25 of which focused on HCV and nine of which focused on HBV. Grantees offered testing and test result notification to people at risk for HBV and/or HCV infection, as well as counseling, referral, and verification or notification of linkage to care for people with positive test results. We entered demographic data, self-reported risk factors, country of origin (for HBV), and testing outcomes into a confidential database. Results. The 34 grantees tested 87,860 people at more than 260 sites in 17 states. Of the 23,144 people tested for HBV, 1,317 (6%) were positive. Of the 64,716 people tested for HCV, 57,570 (89%) received an HCV antibody (anti-HCV) test, of whom 7,580 (13%) tested anti-HCV positive. Of the 4,765 people who received an HCV RNA test, 3,449 (72%) tested positive. Of the 4,766 people who tested positive for either HBV or HCV infection, 2,116 (44%) were linked to care. Conclusion. Interventions targeting people at risk for HBV and HCV infection reached a substantial number of people for whom testing is recommended and identified a large proportion of those who had previously unrecognized infection. Patient navigation was critical for follow-up and linkage to care. C1 [Ramirez, Gilberto; Cabral, Rebecca; Patterson, Margaret; Bedell, Deborah; Smith, Bryce D.; Vellozzi, Claudia; Beckett, Geoff A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Schoenbachler, Ben T.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Smith, Bryce D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Translat Hlth Educ & Evaluat Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Ramirez, G (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ghr0@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 131 SU 2 BP 5 EP 11 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM3AJ UT WOS:000376218900002 PM 27168655 ER PT J AU Patel, RC Vellozzi, C Smith, BD AF Patel, Rajiv C. Vellozzi, Claudia Smith, Bryce D. TI Results of Hepatitis C Birth-Cohort Testing and Linkage to Care in Selected US Sites, 2012-2014 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT; PERSONS BORN; HIV CARE; PREVALENCE; HCV; MORTALITY; CONTINUUM AB Objective. Following its recommendation for one-time hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing of people born between 1945 and 1965, CDC implemented the Hepatitis Testing and Linkage to Care (HepTLC) initiative to conduct birth-cohort hepatitis testing in U.S. health-care settings. We describe demographic characteristics, HCV infection prevalence, and HCV-related risk factors among people born between 1945 and 1965 who were tested as part of the program, which ran from 2012 to 2014. Methods. As part of the HepTLC initiative, 14 grantees supporting 104 health-care sites in 21 U.S. municipalities tested participants born between 1945 and 1965 for HCV antibody (anti-HCV). Demographic characteristics and HCV risk factors were reported for people tested for anti-HCV and who were anti-HCV or HCV RNA positive. We evaluated outcomes along the HCV testing-to-care continuum using the following indicators: anti-HCV positive, HCV RNA test offered, HCV RNA positive, referred to care, and attended first medical appointment. Results. Among 24,966 people tested for HCV infection, 2,900 (11.6%) were anti-HCV positive. Anti-HCV positivity was highest among those who self-identified as non-Hispanic black (n=1,701 of 12,202, 13.9%), men (n=2,073 of 12,130, 17.1%), and people born between 1951 and 1955 (n=795 of 5,768, 13.8%). Of the 2,900 people testing anti-HCV positive, 2,108 (72.7%) received an HCV RNA test, 1,497 (51.6%) were HCV RNA positive, 1,201 (41.4%) were referred to care, and 938 (32.3%) attended their first appointment. Conclusion. Testing for HCV infection among those born between 1945 and 1965 without soliciting HCV risk factors was successful. Providers implementing birth-cohort testing should develop and evaluate strategies to improve outcomes along the testing-to-care continuum. C1 [Patel, Rajiv C.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Vellozzi, Claudia; Smith, Bryce D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Smith, Bryce D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Translat Hlth Educ & Evaluat Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Smith, BD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Translat Hlth Educ & Evaluat Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bsmith6@cdc.gov FU CDC FX The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This study reported on a CDC-funded programmatic activity for which institutional review board approval was waived. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 131 SU 2 BP 12 EP 19 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM3AJ UT WOS:000376218900003 PM 27168656 ER PT J AU Harris, AM Schoenbachler, BT Ramirez, G Vellozzi, C Beckett, GA AF Harris, Aaron M. Schoenbachler, Ben T. Ramirez, Gilberto Vellozzi, Claudia Beckett, Geoff A. TI Testing and Linking Foreign-Born People with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection to Care at Nine US Programs, 2012-2014 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID SAN-FRANCISCO; UNITED-STATES; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; KNOWLEDGE; AMERICANS; IDENTIFICATION; COMMUNITIES; CALIFORNIA; ANTIGEN; LINKAGE AB Objective. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection continues to be a public health threat in the United States. As many as 2.2 million people are infected, approximately 70% of whom are foreign-born, and fewer than one-third are aware of their infection. We launched an HBV testing and linkage-to-care initiative among foreign-born people. Methods. As part of the Hepatitis Testing and Linkage to Care (HepTLC) initiative, which promoted viral hepatitis B and hepatitis C screening, posttest counseling, and linkage to care at 34 U.S. sites, nine U.S. programs in seven states conducted HBV screening from October 2012 to September 2014. The nine programs partnered with health-care centers and community-based organizations to recruit foreign-born people recommended for HBV testing. We assessed patient characteristics, region of origin, risk factors, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) status, and referral to medical care. Results. Of 23,144 participants tested for HBV, 1,317 (5.7%) were HBsAg positive. Of these, the median age was 47 years, 1,205 (91%) had at least one risk factor for HBV infection, 1,117 (85%) received posttest counseling, 1,098 (83%) were referred to care, and 606 (46%) attended a first medical appointment. The proportion of HBsAg-positive participants by region of origin included Africa (10%, 206/2,129), Western Pacific (6%, 616/9,673), Eastern Mediterranean (5%, 174/3,337), Southeast Asia (5%, 191/3,891), South America (2%, 6/252), Eastern Europe (2%, 6/262), and North America (1%, 17/1,936). Conclusion. Community-based HBV testing initiatives can identify substantial numbers of people with chronic HBV infection, inform them of their infection status, and provide posttest counseling and linkage to care. However, strategies are needed to improve linkage to HBV-directed medical care for foreign born individuals living with chronic HBV infection. C1 [Harris, Aaron M.; Ramirez, Gilberto; Vellozzi, Claudia; Beckett, Geoff A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Schoenbachler, Ben T.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Harris, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM amharris@cdc.gov FU African Services Committee in New York, New York; University of California, Davis, Davis, California; Minnesota Department of Health, Saint Paul, Minnesota; Ohio Asian American Health Coalition, Columbus, Ohio; City and County of San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Asian Health Coalition, Chicago, Illinois; University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California; Multnomah County Health Department, Portland, Oregon; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Prevention and Public Health Fund; CDC's human subjects office FX The authors thank the following programs for their participation in the Hepatitis Testing and Linkage to Care (HepTLC) initiative: African Services Committee in New York, New York; University of California, Davis, Davis, California; Minnesota Department of Health, Saint Paul, Minnesota; Ohio Asian American Health Coalition, Columbus, Ohio; City and County of San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Asian Health Coalition, Chicago, Illinois; University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California; and Multnomah County Health Department, Portland, Oregon. The authors thank Deborah Bedell, Margaret Patterson, and Rebecca Cabral from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Division of Viral Hepatitis for their programmatic support throughout this initiative and input into the development of the article.; The HepTLC initiative was supported by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Prevention and Public Health Fund. The HepTLC initiative was a programmatic public health activity and received a non-research project determination by CDC's human subjects office. As such, institutional review board review was not required. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of CDC. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 131 SU 2 BP 20 EP 28 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM3AJ UT WOS:000376218900004 PM 27168657 ER PT J AU Jorgensen, C Carnes, CA Downs, A AF Jorgensen, Cynthia Carnes, C. Amanda Downs, Alycia TI "Know More Hepatitis:" CDC's National Education Campaign to Increase Hepatitis C Testing Among People Born Between 1945 and 1965 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; CARE; RECOMMENDATIONS; COHORT AB In 2012, CDC issued recommendations calling for those born between 1945 and 1965, or baby boomers, to get tested for the hepatitis C virus. To help implement this recommendation, CDC developed "Know More Hepatitis," a multimedia national education campaign. Guided by behavioral science theories and formative research, the campaign used multiple strategies to reach baby boomers and health-care providers with messages encouraging baby boomers to get tested for hepatitis C. With a limited campaign budget, the "Know More Hepatitis" campaign relied mostly on donated time and space from broadcast and print outlets. Donated placements totaled approximately $14.7 million, which reflected a more than 12-to-1 return on the campaign investment. This effort was supplemented with a small, paid digital advertising campaign. Combining audience impressions from both paid and donated campaign efforts resulted in more than 1.2 billion audience impressions. C1 [Jorgensen, Cynthia; Carnes, C. Amanda; Downs, Alycia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jorgensen, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cjorgensen@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 131 SU 2 BP 29 EP 34 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM3AJ UT WOS:000376218900005 PM 27168658 ER PT J AU Jorgensen, C Chen, S Carnes, CA Block, J Chen, D Caballero, J Moraras, K Cohen, C AF Jorgensen, Cynthia Chen, Sherry Carnes, C. Amanda Block, Joan Chen, Daniel Caballero, Jeffrey Moraras, Kate Cohen, Chari TI "Know Hepatitis B:" A Multilingual Communications Campaign Promoting Testing for Hepatitis B Among Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID VIRUS INFECTION; MANAGEMENT AB The "Know Hepatitis B" campaign was the first national, multilingual communications campaign to promote testing for hepatitis B virus (HBV) among Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs). This population comprises fewer than 5% of the total U.S. population but accounts for more than half of the up to 1.4 million Americans living with chronic HBV infection. To address this health disparity with a national campaign, CDC partnered with Hep B United, a national coalition of community-based partners working to educate AAPIs about hepatitis B and the need for testing. Guided by formative research, the "Know Hepatitis B" campaign was implemented in 2013 with a two pronged communications strategy. CDC used available Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese media outlets on a national level and relied on Hep B United to incorporate campaign materials into educational efforts at the local level. This partnership helped facilitate HBV testing among the priority population. C1 [Jorgensen, Cynthia; Carnes, C. Amanda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chen, Sherry; Chen, Daniel; Moraras, Kate; Cohen, Chari] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Block, Joan; Chen, Daniel; Moraras, Kate; Cohen, Chari] Hepatitis B Fdn, Doylestown, PA USA. [Block, Joan; Caballero, Jeffrey] Hep B United, London, England. [Caballero, Jeffrey] Assoc Asian Pacific Community Hlth Org, Oakland, CA USA. RP Jorgensen, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cjorgensen@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 131 SU 2 BP 35 EP 40 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM3AJ UT WOS:000376218900006 PM 27168659 ER PT J AU Blackburn, NA Patel, RC Zibbell, JE AF Blackburn, Natalie A. Patel, Rajiv C. Zibbell, Jon E. TI Improving Screening Methods for Hepatitis C Among People Who Inject Drugs: Findings from the HepTLC Initiative, 2012-2014 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; VIRUS; BARRIERS; INFECTION; CARE AB Objective. People who inject drugs (PWID) are at increased risk for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We examined HCV testing outcomes among PWID through CDC's Hepatitis Testing and Linkage to Care initiative, which promoted viral hepatitis B and hepatitis C screening, posttest counseling, and linkage to care at 34 U.S. sites during 2012-2014. Ten grantees in nine geographically diverse cities conducted HCV testing among PWID. Methods. Among those testing positive for HCV antibody (anti-HCV), we calculated the proportion who were offered a confirmatory HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) test, positively diagnosed, and referred to a specialist for care. We stratified anti-HCV-positive people who completed each step by same-day testing (i.e., an HCV RNA test administered on the same date as an anti-HCV test) vs. person not receiving same-day testing to evaluate whether the need for follow-up testing affected diagnosis of chronic infection and linkage to care. Results. A total of 15,274 people received an anti-HCV test at 84 testing sites targeting PWID. Of those, 11,159 (73%) reported having injected drugs in their lifetime, 7,789 (51%) reported injecting drugs in the past 12 months, and 3,495 (23%) tested anti-HCV positive. A total of 1,630 people received testing for HCV RNA, of whom 1,244 (76%) were HCV RNA positive. When not receiving both tests on the same day, 601 of 2,465 (24%) anti-HCV-positive people received an HCV RNA test. Conclusion. Strategies to diagnose PWID for HCV infection are needed to reduce associated morbidity and mortality. Agencies can substantially increase the number of PWID who are diagnosed and informed of their HCV infection by administering both anti-HCV and HCV RNA tests during a single testing event. C1 [Blackburn, Natalie A.; Patel, Rajiv C.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Zibbell, Jon E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Zibbell, Jon E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Zibbell, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vqu5@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 131 SU 2 BP 91 EP 97 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM3AJ UT WOS:000376218900014 PM 27168667 ER PT J AU Schoenbachler, BT Smith, BD Sena, AC Hilton, A Bachman, S Lunda, M Spaulding, AC AF Schoenbachler, Ben T. Smith, Bryce D. Sena, Arlene C. Hilton, Alison Bachman, Sallie Lunda, Mulamba Spaulding, Anne C. TI Hepatitis C Virus Testing and Linkage to Care in North Carolina and South Carolina Jails, 2012-2014 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; EMERGING EPIDEMIC; HCV INFECTION; SEROPREVALENCE; PREVALENCE; SYSTEM AB Objective. We evaluated a hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing and linkage-to-care post-release program among detainees of small- to medium-sized jails in North Carolina and South Carolina as part of the Hepatitis Testing and Linkage to Care initiative. Methods. An HCV testing and linkage-to-care program was implemented in selected jails in North Carolina and South Carolina from December 2012 to March 2014. Health-care workers not affiliated with the jails conducted HCV antibody (anti-HCV) and HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) testing and linkage-to-care activities. The North Carolina jail provided universal opt-out testing for HCV; South Carolina jails initially targeted high-risk individuals before expanding to routine testing. Results. Of 669 detainees tested for HCV in North Carolina, 88 (13.2%) tested anti-HCV positive, of whom 81 (92.0%) received an HCV RNA test, 66 (81.5%) of whom tested HCV RNA positive (i.e., currently infected). Of the 66 detainees with current HCV infection, 18 were referred to HCV medical care post-release and 10 attended their first appointment. Of 224 detainees tested for HCV in South Carolina, 18 (8.0%) tested anti-HCV positive, of whom 13 received an HCV RNA test. Nine of 13 detainees tested HCV RNA positive, seven detainees were referred to post-release medical care, and two detainees attended their first appointment. Overall, 106 of 893 (11.9%) detainees were anti-HCV positive. Conclusion. This study demonstrated that HCV testing, identification of infection, and linkage to care are feasible among jail populations. The rate of anti-HCV positivity was lower than that found in national studies of incarcerated populations, suggesting that HCV infection prevalence in jails may vary across U.S. states or regions. C1 [Schoenbachler, Ben T.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Smith, Bryce D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sena, Arlene C.; Hilton, Alison] Durham Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Durham, NC USA. [Sena, Arlene C.] Univ N Carolina, Div Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Bachman, Sallie] HopeHealth Inc, Orangeburg, SC USA. [Lunda, Mulamba] HopeHealth Inc, Florence, SC USA. [Spaulding, Anne C.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Spaulding, Anne C.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schoenbachler, BT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM xmr7@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 131 SU 2 BP 98 EP 104 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM3AJ UT WOS:000376218900015 PM 27168668 ER PT J AU Stacey, P Thorpe, A Echt, A AF Stacey, Peter Thorpe, Andrew Echt, Alan TI Performance of High Flow Rate Personal Respirable Samplers When Challenged with Mineral Aerosols of Different Particle Size Distributions SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE aerosol sampling; cyclone; high flow rate; particle size; personal impactor sampler; silica; respirable dust; X-ray diffraction ID CYCLONE; DUST AB It is thought that the performance of respirable samplers may vary when exposed to dust aerosols with different particle sizes and wind speeds. This study investigated the performance of the GK 4.16 (RASCAL), GK 2.69, PPI 8, and FSP 10, high flow rate personal samplers when exposed to aerosols of mineral dust in a wind tunnel at two different wind speeds (1 and 2 m s(-1)) and orientations (towards and side-on to the source of emission). The mass median aerodynamic diameter of four aerosolized test dusts ranged from 8 to 25 A mu m with geometric standard deviations from 1.6 to 2 A mu m. The performance of each sampler type was compared with that of the SIMPEDS (Higgins-Dewell design) sampler. There was slight evidence to suggest that the performance of the FSP 10 is affected by the direction of the inlet relative to the air flow, although this was not significant when most respirable dust concentrations were compared, possibly due to the variability of paired dust concentration results. The GK 2.69, RASCAL, and PPI 8 samplers had similar performances, although the results when side-on to the emission source were generally slightly lower than the SIMPEDS. Despite slight differences between respirable dust concentrations the respirable crystalline silica values were not significantly different from the SIMPEDS. The GK family of cyclones obtained most precise results and more closely matched the SIMPEDS. A comparison with dust concentration results from previous calm air chamber studies (where wind speeds were < 0.4 m s(-1)) found that the relative performance between samplers was similar to those observed in this work indicating consistent performance relative to the SIMPEDS in both calm and moving air. C1 [Stacey, Peter; Thorpe, Andrew] Hlth & Safety Lab, Chem & Biol Risks Unit, Harpur Hill SK17 9JN, Buxton, England. [Echt, Alan] NIOSH, Exposure Assessment Branch, 1090 Tusculum Ave,MS R-5, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Stacey, P (reprint author), Hlth & Safety Lab, Chem & Biol Risks Unit, Harpur Hill SK17 9JN, Buxton, England. EM peter.stacey@hsl.gsi.gov.uk FU Health and Safety Laboratory's Investment Research Programme (IRP); Health and Safety Executive (HSE); National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) FX Data analysis and writing of this article was funded by the Health and Safety Laboratory's Investment Research Programme (IRP). The research it reports was funded by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Thanks are given to Emily Lee (NIOSH) and Owen Butler (HSL) who reviewed this article and Paul Roberts (HSL) who helped with the laboratory work. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 EI 1475-3162 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 60 IS 4 BP 479 EP 492 DI 10.1093/annhyg/mev097 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DM1JD UT WOS:000376100600007 PM 26865560 ER PT J AU Echt, A Mead, K AF Echt, Alan Mead, Kenneth TI Evaluation of a Dust Control for a Small Slab-Riding Dowel Drill for Concrete Pavement SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE concrete; drilling; respirable; silica; ventilation AB To assess the effectiveness of local exhaust ventilation to control respirable crystalline silica exposures to acceptable levels during concrete dowel drilling. Personal breathing zone samples for respirable dust and crystalline silica were collected while laborers drilled holes 3.5cm diameter by 36cm deep in a concrete slab using a single-drill slab-riding dowel drill equipped with local exhaust ventilation. Data were collected on air flow, weather, and productivity. All respirable dust samples were below the 90 A mu g detection limit which, when combined with the largest sample volume, resulted in a minimum detectable concentration of 0.31mg m(-3). This occurred in a 32-min sample collected when 27 holes were drilled. Quartz was only detected in one air sample; 0.09mg m(-3) of quartz was found on an 8-min sample collected during a drill maintenance task. The minimum detectable concentration for quartz in personal air samples collected while drilling was performed was 0.02mg m(-3). The average number of holes drilled during each drilling sample was 23. Over the course of the 2-day study, air flow measured at the dust collector decreased from 2.2 to 1.7 m(3) s(-1). The dust control performed well under the conditions of this test. The initial duct velocity with a clean filter was sufficient to prevent settling, but gradually fell below the recommended value to prevent dust from settling in the duct. The practice of raising the drill between each hole may have prevented the dust from settling in the duct. A slightly higher flow rate and an improved duct design would prevent settling without regard to the position of the drill. C1 [Echt, Alan; Mead, Kenneth] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Engn & Phys Hazards Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Echt, A (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Engn & Phys Hazards Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (CAN) [0927ZJHK] FX National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health project [Engineering control partnership for dowelpin drills (CAN# 0927ZJHK)]. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 EI 1475-3162 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 60 IS 4 BP 519 EP 524 DI 10.1093/annhyg/mev099 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DM1JD UT WOS:000376100600010 PM 26826033 ER PT J AU Reynolds, JS Goldsmith, WT Day, JB Abaza, AA Mahmoud, AM Afshari, AA Barkley, JB Petsonk, EL Kashon, ML Frazer, DG AF Reynolds, Jeffrey S. Goldsmith, W. Travis Day, Jeremy B. Abaza, Ayman A. Mahmoud, Ahmed M. Afshari, Ali A. Barkley, Jacob B. Petsonk, E. Lee Kashon, Michael L. Frazer, David G. TI Classification of Voluntary Cough Airflow Patterns for Prediction of Abnormal Spirometry SO IEEE JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH INFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE Cough air-flow; spirometry; support vector machine ID SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; VOLUME CURVES; FEATURE-SELECTION; YOUNG-CHILDREN; INFANTS; SYSTEM; SOUND AB Measurement of partial expiratory flow-volume curves has become an important technique in diagnosing lung disease, particularly in children and in the elderly. The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of predicting abnormal spirometry using the partial flow-volume curve generated during a voluntary cough. Here, abnormal spirometry is defined as less than the lower limit of normal (LLN) predicted by standard reference equations [1]. Cough airflow signals of 107 subjects (56 male, 51 female) were previously collected [2] from patients performing spirometry in a pulmonary function clinic. A variety of features were extracted from the airflow signal. A support vector machine (SVM) classifier was developed to predict abnormal spirometry. Airflow signal features and SVM parameters were selected using a genetic algorithm. The ability of the classifier to distinguish between normal and abnormal spirometry based on cough flow was evaluated by comparing the classifiers decisions with the LLN for the given subject's spirometry, including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and their ratio (FEV1/FVC%). Findings indicated that it was possible to classify patients whose spirometry results were less than the LLN with an overall accuracy of 76% for FEV1, 65% for FVC, and 76% for the ratio FEV1/FVC%. Accuracies were determined by repeated double cross-validation [3]. This study demonstrates the potential of using airflow measured during voluntary coughing to identify test subjects with abnormal spirometry. C1 [Reynolds, Jeffrey S.; Goldsmith, W. Travis; Afshari, Ali A.; Kashon, Michael L.; Frazer, David G.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Abaza, Ayman A.] West Virginia High Technol Consortium Fdn, Fairmont, WV 26554 USA. [Mahmoud, Ahmed M.] Cairo Univ, Dept Syst & Biomed Engn, Giza 12613, Egypt. [Barkley, Jacob B.] Davis Mem Hosp, Elkins, WV 26241 USA. [Petsonk, E. Lee] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Reynolds, JS; Goldsmith, WT; Afshari, AA; Kashon, ML; Frazer, DG (reprint author), NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.; Abaza, AA (reprint author), West Virginia High Technol Consortium Fdn, Fairmont, WV 26554 USA.; Mahmoud, AM (reprint author), Cairo Univ, Dept Syst & Biomed Engn, Giza 12613, Egypt.; Barkley, JB (reprint author), Davis Mem Hosp, Elkins, WV 26241 USA.; Petsonk, EL (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM JReynolds@cdc.gov; wbg4@cdc.gov; jday2@azimuthinc.com; aabaza@wvhtf.org; ahmed.ehab@k-space.org; aca8@cdc.gov; jacobbarkley1@gmail.com; elp2@cdc.gov; mqk1@cdc.gov; dgf1@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2168-2194 J9 IEEE J BIOMED HEALTH JI IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 20 IS 3 BP 963 EP 969 DI 10.1109/JBHI.2015.2412880 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Medical Informatics GA DM3YY UT WOS:000376283900025 ER PT J AU Chew, GL Horner, WE Kennedy, K Grimes, C Barnes, CS Phipatanakul, W Larenas-Linnemann, D Miller, JD AF Chew, Ginger L. Horner, W. Elliott Kennedy, Kevin Grimes, Carl Barnes, Charles S. Phipatanakul, Wanda Larenas-Linnemann, Desiree Miller, J. David CA Environm Allergens Workgrp TI Procedures to Assist Health Care Providers to Determine When Home Assessments for Potential Mold Exposure Are Warranted SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE LA English DT Review DE Home assessment; Mold; Fungi; Allergens; Questionnaire; Allergy; Asthma ID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT; INDOOR AIR; RESIDENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS; PRACTICE PARAMETER; DAMPNESS; ASTHMA; SYMPTOMS; DUST; RENOVATION; REDUCTION AB Drawing evidence from epidemiology and exposure assessment studies and recommendations from expert practice, we describe a process to guide health care providers helping their patients who present with symptoms that might be associated with living in damp housing. We present the procedures in the form of a guided 2-part interview. The first part has 5 questions that triage the patient toward a more detailed questionnaire that reflects features of housing conditions known to be reliably associated with exposures to mold and dampness contaminants. We chose the questions based on the conditions associated with moisture problems in homes across the United States and Canada. The goal is to facilitate the clinician's effort to help patients reduce exposure to environmental triggers that elicit symptoms to better manage their disease. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology C1 [Chew, Ginger L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Horner, W. Elliott] UL Environm, Marietta, GA USA. [Kennedy, Kevin; Barnes, Charles S.] Childrens Mercy Hosp, Ctr Environm Hlth, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA. [Grimes, Carl] Hlth Habitats LLC, Denver, CO USA. [Phipatanakul, Wanda] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Div Immunol & Allergy, Boston, MA USA. [Phipatanakul, Wanda] Boston Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA USA. [Larenas-Linnemann, Desiree] Hosp Med Sur, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Miller, J. David] Carleton Univ, Dept Chem, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. RP Chew, GL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM GJC0@cdc.gov FU Indoor Air Quality Association; US Housing and Urban Development (Healthy Homes Grant); Clorox Corporation; Allergy and Asthma Foundation of America; US Housing and Urban Development FX W. E. Horner has received travel support from the Indoor Air Quality Association; through Feb. 2013 served on board of directors of the Indoor Air Quality Association; is a voting member of American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning (ASHRAE) Environmental Health Committee; is a member of ASHRAE committee for standard 62.1 - Ventilation for acceptable indoor air quality; and is on American Society for Testing and Materials international subcommittees on mold sampling and analysis and on Indoor Air. K. Kennedy has received research support from US Housing and Urban Development. C. Grimes is employed by Hayward Healthy Home Institute. C. S. Barnes has received research support from US Housing and Urban Development (Healthy Homes Grant); has received consultancy fees from Clorox Corporation; is employed by Children's Mercy Hospital; has received lecture fees from Allergy and Asthma Foundation of America, Alaska Chapter; has stock in Coca Cola Corporation and AT&T, Inc.; has received travel support from American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology; and is connected to Rock Acres LLC. The rest of the authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2213-2198 EI 2213-2201 J9 J ALLER CL IMM-PRACT JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.-Pract. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 4 IS 3 BP 417 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jaip.2016.01.013 PG 8 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA DM2KU UT WOS:000376176400009 PM 27021632 ER PT J AU Chenet, SM Okoth, SA Huber, CS Chandrabose, J Lucchi, NW Talundzic, E Krishnalall, K Ceron, N Musset, L de Oliveira, AM Venkatesan, M Rahman, R Barnwell, JW Udhayakumar, V AF Chenet, Stella M. Okoth, Sheila Akinyi Huber, Curtis S. Chandrabose, Javin Lucchi, Naomi W. Talundzic, Eldin Krishnalall, Karanchand Ceron, Nicolas Musset, Lise de Oliveira, Alexandre Macedo Venkatesan, Meera Rahman, Reyaud Barnwell, John W. Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam TI Independent Emergence of the Plasmodium falciparum Kelch Propeller Domain Mutant Allele C580Y in Guyana SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE artemisinin resistance; K13; Plasmodium falciparum; malaria; South America; Guyana; ACT ID ARTEMISININ RESISTANCE; MALARIA; ARTEMETHER; FIXATION; PFMDR1 AB Suspected artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum can be explored by examining polymorphisms in the Kelch (PfK13) propeller domain. Sequencing of PfK13 and other gene resistance markers was performed on 98 samples from Guyana. Five of these samples carried the C580Y allele in the PfK13 propeller domain, with flanking microsatellite profiles different from those observed in Southeast Asia. These molecular data demonstrate independent emergence of the C580Y K13 mutant allele in Guyana, where resistance alleles to previously used drugs are fixed. Therefore, in Guyana and neighboring countries, continued molecular surveillance and periodic assessment of the therapeutic efficacy of artemisinin-based combination therapy are warranted. C1 [Chenet, Stella M.; Okoth, Sheila Akinyi; Huber, Curtis S.; Lucchi, Naomi W.; Talundzic, Eldin; de Oliveira, Alexandre Macedo; Barnwell, John W.; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Malaria Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Bldg 23,M-S D67, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Okoth, Sheila Akinyi; Talundzic, Eldin] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. [Venkatesan, Meera] US Agcy Int Dev, Presidents Malaria Initiat, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Chandrabose, Javin; Krishnalall, Karanchand] Guyana Minist Hlth, Georgetown, Guyana. [Ceron, Nicolas] Pan Amer Hlth Org Guyana, Georgetown, Guyana. [Rahman, Reyaud] Natl Malaria Program, Georgetown, Guyana. [Musset, Lise] Inst Pasteur, NRC Malaria, WHO,Lab Parasitol, Collaborating Ctr Surveillance Antimalarial Drug, Cayenne, French Guiana. RP Chenet, SM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Malaria Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Bldg 23,M-S D67, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ynw0@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group; Amazon Malaria Initiative; US Agency for International Development; American Society of Microbiology/CDC; Atlanta Research and Education Foundation; Atlanta VA Medical Center FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group; the Amazon Malaria Initiative, funded by the US Agency for International Development; the American Society of Microbiology/CDC (postdoctoral research fellowship to S. M. C.); and the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation, Atlanta VA Medical Center (S. A. O. and E. T.). NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 213 IS 9 BP 1472 EP 1475 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiv752 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DM4DM UT WOS:000376295800016 PM 26690347 ER PT J AU Clark, SJ Cowan, AE Filipp, SL Fisher, AM Stokley, S AF Clark, Sarah J. Cowan, Anne E. Filipp, Stephanie L. Fisher, Allison M. Stokley, Shannon TI Understanding Non-Completion of the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Series: Parent-Reported Reasons for Why Adolescents Might Not Receive Additional Doses, United States, 2012 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID ROUTINE CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATIONS; REDUCING INJECTION PAIN; AGED 13-17 YEARS; INTERVENTIONS; RECOMMENDATIONS; ATTITUDES; COVERAGE; CHILDREN AB Completion rates of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine series among U.S. adolescents are below public health targets. We explored parent-reported reasons for their children's non-completion of the HPV vaccine series using a nationally representative online survey of parents of children aged 9-17 years, fielded in October 2012. Among the 1,653 parents who responded, the proportion reporting that their child would definitely continue with the HPV vaccine series among those who had started the series ranged from 28% to 54%. The most common reason cited by parents for non-completion of the series was their child's fear of needles, followed by lack of awareness about additional doses and safety concerns. These findings demonstrate the need to encourage adoption of strategies addressing needle fears, utilize reminders for parents about subsequent doses, and emphasize recent HPV vaccine safety data in discussions with parents. C1 [Clark, Sarah J.; Cowan, Anne E.; Filipp, Stephanie L.] Univ Michigan, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res Unit, 300 North Ingalls,6E06, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Fisher, Allison M.; Stokley, Shannon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Clark, SJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res Unit, 300 North Ingalls,6E06, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM saclark@umich.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5-U48-DP-001901] FX This article is a product of the University of Michigan Prevention Research Center and was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through cooperative agreement #5-U48-DP-001901. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC. The study was approved by the University of Michigan Medical School Institutional Review Board. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 131 IS 3 BP 390 EP 395 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM3AK UT WOS:000376219000004 PM 27252558 ER PT J AU Kagan, J Giang, DD Iademarco, MF Phung, VTT Lau, CY Quang, NN AF Kagan, Jonathan Giang, Dao Duc Iademarco, Michael F. Phung, Van T. T. Lau, Chuen-Yen Nguyen Ngo Quang TI Assessing Clinical Research Capacity in Vietnam: A Framework for Strengthening Capability for Clinical Trials in Developing Countries SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID HEALTH RESEARCH AB Although improving health systems promises important benefits, most developing nations lack the resources to support nationally driven clinical research. Strengthened clinical research capacity can advance national health goals by supporting greater autonomy in aligning research with national priorities. From March through June 2010, we assessed six elements of clinical research capacity in Vietnam: research agenda; clinical investigators and biostatisticians; donors and sponsors; community involvement; scientific, ethical, safety, and quality oversight; and clinical research institutions. Assessments were drawn from interviews with investigators, Ministry of Health staff members, nongovernment organizations, and U.S. Mission staff members, and document review. Observations and recommendations were shared with collaborators. Reassessment in 2015 found growth in the number of clinical trials, improved regulation in human subjects protection and community engagement, and modest advances in research agenda setting. Training and investment in institutions remain challenging. A framework for assessing clinical research capacity can affirm strengths and weaknesses and guide the coordination of capacity-building efforts. C1 [Kagan, Jonathan] NIAID, NIH, Div Clin Res, 5601 Fishers Ln,Room 4B40, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Giang, Dao Duc] Clin Res & Lab Sci, FH1 360, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Iademarco, Michael F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Sci Serv, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Iademarco, Michael F.; Phung, Van T. T.] US Mission, Hlth Affairs Attache Off, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Lau, Chuen-Yen] NIAID, NIH, Div Clin Res, Collaborat Clin Res Branch, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Nguyen Ngo Quang] Vietnam Minist Hlth Adm Sci Technol & Training, Hanoi, Vietnam. RP Kagan, J (reprint author), NIAID, NIH, Div Clin Res, 5601 Fishers Ln,Room 4B40, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM jkagan@niaid.nih.gov FU HHS Office of Global Health Affairs; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, HHS; Embassy Science Fellows Program, Office of Science and Technology Cooperation, Bureau of Oceans, Environment and Science, U.S. Department of State FX This work was supported by the HHS Office of Global Health Affairs; the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, HHS; and the Embassy Science Fellows Program, Office of Science and Technology Cooperation, Bureau of Oceans, Environment and Science, U.S. Department of State. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 131 IS 3 BP 396 EP 403 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM3AK UT WOS:000376219000005 PM 27252559 ER PT J AU Nichols, MC Bareta, J Coyle, A Landen, M AF Nichols, Megin C. Bareta, Joseph Coyle, Alexander Landen, Michael TI Using Hospital Inpatient Discharge Data to Supplement Active Surveillance for Invasive Pneumococcal Disease: Is the Extract Worth the Exertion? SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article AB Objective. Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) surveillance systems monitor morbidity, mortality, and vaccine impact; accurate surveillance is important to detect changes in epidemiology. We evaluated completeness of IPD reporting in New Mexico by comparing data from the Hospital Inpatient Discharge Database (HIDD) and the New Mexico Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) program. Methods. We linked data from the HIDD and the ABCs program. We defined cases of IPD in the HIDD among New Mexico residents with hospitalizations during 2007-2009 as specific (320.1 or 038.2) or nonspecific (481, 320.2, or 041.2) using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes. To validate if HIDD records that could not be matched to ABCs data were true IPD cases, we reviewed laboratory data and determined if Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) had been isolated from a sterile body site. Results. We examined 732 HIDD records for cases that were not matched in the ABCs database; of such records, S. pneumoniae was isolated from a sterile body site in 10 HIDD records. Conclusion. ABCs data detected the majority of IPD cases in New Mexico. Laboratory and medical record review is essential when using HIDD data because ICD-9-CM coding alone does not ensure data accuracy. The addition of IPD cases to the ABCs program from the HIDD was minimally beneficial to active surveillance and reporting completeness in New Mexico. States that rely exclusively on passive reporting and that have access to HIDD data might use linkages of pneumococcal and IPD-specific ICD-9-CM coded HIDD data to improve IPD surveillance and case ascertainment. C1 [Nichols, Megin C.; Bareta, Joseph] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Act Bacterial Core Surveillance, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Nichols, Megin C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Coyle, Alexander] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Emerging Infect Program, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Landen, Michael] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. RP Nichols, MC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gbg6@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 131 IS 3 BP 404 EP 410 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM3AK UT WOS:000376219000006 PM 27252560 ER PT J AU Greer, S Schieb, LJ Ritchey, M George, M Casper, M AF Greer, Sophia Schieb, Linda J. Ritchey, Matthew George, Mary Casper, Michele TI County Health Factors Associated with Avoidable Deaths from Cardiovascular Disease in the United States, 2006-2010 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY-HEALTH; PREVENTABLE DEATHS; HEART-DISEASE; MORTALITY; CARE; DISPARITIES; RANKINGS; IMPROVEMENT; INSURANCE; OUTCOMES AB Objective. Many cardiovascular deaths can be avoided through primary prevention to address cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors or better access to quality medical care. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the relationship between four county-level health factors and rates of avoidable death from CVD during 2006-2010. Methods. We defined avoidable deaths from CVD as deaths among U.S. residents younger than 75 years of age caused by the following underlying conditions, using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes: ischemic heart disease (120-125), chronic rheumatic heart disease (105-109), hypertensive disease (110-115), or cerebrovascular disease (160-169). We stratified county-level death rates by race (non-Hispanic white or non-Hispanic black) and age-standardized them to the 2000 U.S. standard population. We used County Health Rankings data to rank county-level z scores corresponding to four health factors: health behavior, clinical care, social and economic factors, and physical environment. We used Poisson rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (Cis) to compare rates of avoidable death from CVD by health-factor quartile. Results. In a comparison of worst-ranked and best-ranked counties, social and economic factors had the strongest association with rates of avoidable death per 100,000 population from CVD for the total population (RR=1.49; 95% CI 1.39, 1.60) and for each racial/ethnic group (non-Hispanic white: RR=1.37; 95% CI 1.29, 1.45; non-Hispanic black: RR=1.54; 95% CI 1.42, 1.67). Among the non-Hispanic white population, health behaviors had the next strongest association, followed by clinical care. Among the non-Hispanic black population, we observed a significant association with clinical care and physical environment in a comparison of worst-ranked and best-ranked counties. Conclusion. Social and economic factors have the strongest association with rates of avoidable death from CVD by county, which reinforces the importance of social and economic interventions to address geographic disparities in avoidable deaths from CVD. C1 [Greer, Sophia; Schieb, Linda J.; Ritchey, Matthew; George, Mary; Casper, Michele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Greer, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sgreer@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 131 IS 3 BP 438 EP 448 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM3AK UT WOS:000376219000010 PM 27252564 ER PT J AU Bramley, AM Chaves, SS Dawood, FS Doshi, S Reingold, A Miller, L Yousey-Hindes, K Farley, MM Ryan, P Lynfield, R Baumbach, J Zansky, S Bennett, N Thomas, A Schaffner, W Finelli, L Jain, S AF Bramley, Anna M. Chaves, Sandra S. Dawood, Fatimah S. Doshi, Saumil Reingold, Arthur Miller, Lisa Yousey-Hindes, Kimberly Farley, Monica M. Ryan, Patricia Lynfield, Ruth Baumbach, Joan Zansky, Shelley Bennett, Nancy Thomas, Ann Schaffner, William Finelli, Lyn Jain, Seema TI Utility of Keywords from Chest Radiograph Reports for Pneumonia Surveillance Among Hospitalized Patients with Influenza: The CDC Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network, 2008-2009 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES-SOCIETY; UNITED-STATES; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; GUIDELINES; MANAGEMENT; ACCURACY; CODES AB Objective. Transcripts from admission chest radiographs could aid in identification of pneumonia cases for public health surveillance. We assessed the reliability of radiographic data abstraction and performance of radiographic key terms to identify pneumonia in patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza virus infection. Methods. We used data on patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza virus infection from October 2008 through December 2009 from 10 geographically diverse U.S. study sites participating in the Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET). Radiographic key terms (i.e., bronchopneumonia, consolidation, infiltrate, airspace density, and pleural effusion) were abstracted from final impressions of chest radiograph reports. We assessed the reliability of radiographic data abstraction by examining the percent agreement and Cohen's kappa statistic between clinicians and surveillance staff members. Using a composite reference standard for presence or absence of pneumonia based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes and discharge summary data, we calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and percent agreement for individual and combined radiographic key terms. Results. For each radiographic key term, the percent agreement between clinicians and surveillance staff members ranged from 89.4% to 98.6% and Cohen's kappa ranged from 0.46 (moderate) to 0.84 (almost perfect). The combination of bronchopneumonia or consolidation or infiltrate or airspace density terms had sensitivity of 66.5%, specificity of 89.2%, PPV of 80.4%, and percent agreement of 80.1%. Adding pleural effusion did not result in significant changes in sensitivity, specificity, PPV, or percent agreement. Conclusion. Radiographic key terms abstracted by surveillance staff members from final impressions of chest radiograph reports had moderate to almost perfect reliability and could be used to identify pneumonia among patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza virus infection. This method can inform pneumonia surveillance and aid in public health response. C1 [Bramley, Anna M.; Chaves, Sandra S.; Dawood, Fatimah S.; Doshi, Saumil; Finelli, Lyn; Jain, Seema] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reingold, Arthur] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Miller, Lisa] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Yousey-Hindes, Kimberly] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Ryan, Patricia] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lynfield, Ruth] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Baumbach, Joan] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Zansky, Shelley] New York State Dept Hlth, Emerging Infect Program, Albany, NY USA. [Bennett, Nancy] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Ctr Community Hlth, Rochester, NY USA. [Bennett, Nancy] Dept Med, Rochester, NY USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Bramley, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM abramley@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); [CDC-RFA-CK12-1202] FX The Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET) is a collaboration of state health departments, academic institutions, and local partners, and is funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This publication was supported in part by cooperative agreement #CDC-RFA-CK12-1202. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of CDC. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 131 IS 3 BP 483 EP 490 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM3AK UT WOS:000376219000014 PM 27252568 ER PT J AU Zhong, WM Gross, FL Holiday, C Jefferson, SN Bai, YH Liu, F Katz, JM Levine, MZ AF Zhong, Weimin Gross, F. Liaini Holiday, Crystal Jefferson, Stacie N. Bai, Yaohui Liu, Feng Katz, Jacqueline M. Levine, Min Z. TI Vaccination with 2014-15 Seasonal Inactivated Influenza Vaccine Elicits Cross-Reactive Anti-HA Antibodies with Strong ADCC Against Antigenically Drifted Circulating H3N2 Virus in Humans SO VIRAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT CELLULAR CYTOTOXICITY; CONFIRMED INFLUENZA; UNITED-STATES; HEMAGGLUTININ; PROTECTION; INFECTION; H1N1; CHALLENGE; MODEL AB It is well established that virus neutralizing (VN) antibodies to hemagglutinin (HA) antigens of influenza A viruses provide optimal protection against antigenically matched strains of influenza A viruses. In contrast, little is known about the potential role of HA-specific, non-neutralizing antibodies in protection against human influenza illness at present. In this study, we show that individuals vaccinated with the 2014-15 seasonal inactivated influenza vaccine displayed strong A/H3N2 HA-specific antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activities against an antigenically drifted H3N2 virus, despite poor induction of cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies against the antigenic variant. Given that passive transfer of influenza HA-monospecific immune sera with negligible levels of HA-specific VN antibodies can often confer considerable cross protection against lethal challenge with heterologous influenza viruses in animal models, it is conceivable that HA-specific, non-neutralizing antibodies may provide certain degree of cross protection against antigenically drifted influenza A viruses through ADCC in case of influenza vaccine mismatches. This may have important implications for public health. C1 [Zhong, Weimin; Gross, F. Liaini; Holiday, Crystal; Jefferson, Stacie N.; Bai, Yaohui; Liu, Feng; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Levine, Min Z.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Zhong, WM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM wzhong@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The authors thank Ms. Bonnie Dighero-Kemp, Heather Tatum, Leilani Thomas, and Mr. Eric Gillis, CDC Influenza Division, for their excellent assistance in specimen and data management for this study; and NantKwest, Inc. and Dr. Kerry Campbell, Fox Chase Cancer Center, for kindly providing human NK cell lines for the ADCC NK cell activation assay. This work was supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The views expressed in this study solely represent those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy of CDC. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0882-8245 EI 1557-8976 J9 VIRAL IMMUNOL JI Viral Immunol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 29 IS 4 BP 259 EP 262 DI 10.1089/vim.2016.0003 PG 4 WC Immunology; Virology SC Immunology; Virology GA DM4DV UT WOS:000376296800008 PM 26950058 ER PT J AU Bernardy, EE Turnsek, MA Wilson, SK Tarr, CL Hammer, BK AF Bernardy, Eryn E. Turnsek, Maryann A. Wilson, Sarah K. Tarr, Cheryl L. Hammer, Brian K. TI Diversity of Clinical and Environmental Isolates of Vibrio cholerae in Natural Transformation and Contact-Dependent Bacterial Killing Indicative of Type VI Secretion System Activity SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HORIZONTAL GENE-TRANSFER; EL-TOR; COMPETENCE; EXPRESSION; REGULATOR; PROTEIN; EMERGENCE; REQUIRES; DISEASE; SPIKE AB The bacterial pathogen Vibrio cholerae can occupy both the human gut and aquatic reservoirs, where it may colonize chitinous surfaces that induce the expression of factors for three phenotypes: chitin utilization, DNA uptake by natural transformation, and contact-dependent bacterial killing via a type VI secretion system (T6SS). In this study, we surveyed a diverse set of 53 isolates from different geographic locales collected over the past century from human clinical and environmental specimens for each phenotype outlined above. The set included pandemic isolates of serogroup O1, as well as several serogroup O139 and non-O1/non-O139 strains. We found that while chitin utilization was common, only 22.6% of the isolates tested were proficient at chitin-induced natural transformation, suggesting that transformation is expendable. Constitutive contact-dependent killing of Escherichia coli prey, which is indicative of a functional T6SS, was rare among clinical isolates (only 4 of 29) but common among environmental isolates (22 of 24). These results bolster the pathoadaptive model in which tight regulation of T6SS-mediated bacterial killing is beneficial in a human host, whereas constitutive killing by environmental isolates may give a competitive advantage in natural settings. Future sequence analysis of this set of diverse isolates may identify previously unknown regulators and structural components for both natural transformation and T6SS. C1 [Bernardy, Eryn E.; Hammer, Brian K.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Turnsek, Maryann A.; Tarr, Cheryl L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wilson, Sarah K.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. RP Hammer, BK (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM brian.hammer@biology.gatech.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [MCB-1149925]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation FX This work, including the efforts of Brian K. Hammer, was funded by National Science Foundation (NSF) (MCB-1149925). This work, including the efforts of Brian K. Hammer, was funded by Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 82 IS 9 BP 2833 EP 2842 DI 10.1128/AEM.00351-16 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA DK0ZA UT WOS:000374640400026 PM 26944842 ER PT J AU Benacer, D Thong, KL Bin Verasahib, K Galloway, RL Hartskeerl, RA Lewis, JW Zain, SNM AF Benacer, Douadi Thong, Kwai Lin Bin Verasahib, Khebir Galloway, Renee L. Hartskeerl, Rudy A. Lewis, John W. Zain, Siti Nursheena Mohd TI Human Leptospirosis in Malaysia: Reviewing the Challenges After 8 Decades (1925-2012) SO ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review DE Leptospira; leptospirosis; outbreaks; rodents; risk factors; prevention ID ASIA-PACIFIC REGION; RISK-FACTORS; SOUTHEAST-ASIA; SP NOV.; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTION; ENVIRONMENT; PREVALENCE; RODENTS; INDIA AB The history and epidemiology of human leptospirosis in Malaysia from 1925 to 2012 are described. Previous studies have demonstrated that leptospirosis is an endemic disease in Malaysia occurring in both urban and rural locations. The number of cases has risen dramatically since the Ministry of Health Malaysia highlighted leptospirosis as a notifiable disease in 2010, with reported cases increasing from 248 cases in 2004 to 3604 in 2012. The incidence of infection among the population suggests that occupation, sex, age, ethnic background, water recreational activities, and sporting events are risk factors. A robust surveillance system is now in place to monitor temporal and spatial changes in the incidence and prevalence of infection and to identify risk areas and disease behavior. Despite extensive studies over the past decade, there is a still a need to describe local serovars in host carriers and the human population, with the view to develop an effective vaccine against leptospirosis. C1 [Benacer, Douadi; Thong, Kwai Lin; Zain, Siti Nursheena Mohd] Univ Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. [Bin Verasahib, Khebir] Minist Hlth, Putrajaya, Malaysia. [Galloway, Renee L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hartskeerl, Rudy A.] WHO FAO OIE, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Hartskeerl, Rudy A.] KIT Biomed Res, Natl Leptospirosis Reference Ctr, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Lewis, John W.] Univ London, Surrey, TW, England. RP Zain, SNM (reprint author), Univ Malaya, Fac Sci, Inst Biol Sci, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. EM nsheena@um.edu.my FU University of Malaya [RG053/ 11BIO, RP016B-14AFR, UM.C/625/1HIR/MOHE/CHAN/11/2] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by the University of Malaya Research Grant [RG053/ 11BIO & RP016B-14AFR] and Malaya High Impact Research Grant [Reference UM.C/625/1HIR/MOHE/CHAN/11/2]. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1010-5395 EI 1941-2479 J9 ASIA-PAC J PUBLIC HE JI Asia-Pac. J. Public Health PD MAY PY 2016 VL 28 IS 4 BP 290 EP 302 DI 10.1177/1010539516640350 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL6CI UT WOS:000375725500002 PM 27044535 ER PT J AU Hsu, CH He, YL Li, YS Long, Q Friese, R AF Hsu, Chiu-Hsieh He, Yulei Li, Yisheng Long, Qi Friese, Randall TI Doubly robust multiple imputation using kernel-based techniques SO BIOMETRICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Bandwidth; Bootstrap; Local imputation; Model misspecification; Nonparametric ID SEMIPARAMETRIC REGRESSION; MISSING DATA; REPEATED OUTCOMES; NONRESPONSE; VALUES; MODELS AB We consider the problem of estimating the marginal mean of an incompletely observed variable and develop amultiple imputation approach. Using fully observed predictors, we first establish two working models: one predicts the missing outcome variable, and the other predicts the probability of missingness. The predictive scores from the two models are used to measure the similarity between the incomplete and observed cases. Based on the predictive scores, we construct a set of kernel weights for the observed cases, with higher weights indicating more similarity. Missing data are imputed by sampling from the observed cases with probability proportional to their kernel weights. The proposed approach can produce reasonable estimates for the marginal mean and has a double robustness property, provided that one of the two working models is correctly specified. It also shows some robustness against misspecification of both models. We demonstrate these patterns in a simulation study. In a real-data example, we analyze the total helicopter response time from injury in the Arizona emergency medical service data. C1 [Hsu, Chiu-Hsieh] Univ Arizona, Mel & Enid Zuckerman Coll Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, 1295 N Martin A232 Campus,POB 245211, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. [Hsu, Chiu-Hsieh] Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Arizona Canc Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. [He, Yulei] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Li, Yisheng] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Biostat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Long, Qi] Emory Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Friese, Randall] Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. RP Hsu, CH (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Mel & Enid Zuckerman Coll Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, 1295 N Martin A232 Campus,POB 245211, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA.; Hsu, CH (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Arizona Canc Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. EM pchhsu@email.arizona.edu OI LI, Yisheng/0000-0001-9847-8544 FU National Cancer Institute [P30 CA 23704, P30 CA016672]; PCORI award [ME-1303-5840]; NIH/NINDS [R21NS091630] FX Dr. Chiu-Hsieh Hsu's research was partially supported by the National Cancer Institute grant P30 CA 23704. Dr. Yisheng Li's research was partially supported by the National Cancer Institute grant P30 CA016672. Dr. Qi Long's work was supported in part by a PCORI award (ME-1303-5840) and an NIH/NINDS grant (R21NS091630). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the PCORI and the NIH. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0323-3847 EI 1521-4036 J9 BIOMETRICAL J JI Biom. J. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 58 IS 3 BP 588 EP 606 DI 10.1002/bimj.201400256 PG 19 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA DL5LQ UT WOS:000375679000009 PM 26647734 ER PT J AU Ryerson, AB Eheman, CR Altekruse, SF Ward, JW Jemal, A Sherman, RL Henley, SJ Holtzman, D Lake, A Noone, AM Anderson, RN Ma, JM Ly, KN Cronin, KA Penberthy, L Kohler, BA AF Ryerson, A. Blythe Eheman, Christie R. Altekruse, Sean F. Ward, John W. Jemal, Ahmedin Sherman, Recinda L. Henley, S. Jane Holtzman, Deborah Lake, Andrew Noone, Anne-Michelle Anderson, Robert N. Ma, Jiemin Ly, Kathleen N. Cronin, Kathleen A. Penberthy, Lynne Kohler, Betsy A. TI Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975-2012, featuring the increasing incidence of liver cancer SO CANCER LA English DT Editorial Material DE cancer; incidence; liver cancer; mortality; National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR); North American Association of Central Cancer Registries (NAACCR); Surveillance; Epidemiology; and End Results (SEER); survival; trends; viral hepatitis ID SERVICES TASK-FORCE; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; COLORECTAL-CANCER; PROSTATE-CANCER; RECOMMENDATION STATEMENT; LUNG-CANCER; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; BREAST-CANCER AB BACKGROUNDAnnual updates on cancer occurrence and trends in the United States are provided through an ongoing collaboration among the American Cancer Society (ACS), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the National Cancer Institute (NCI), and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries (NAACCR). This annual report highlights the increasing burden of liver and intrahepatic bile duct (liver) cancers. METHODSCancer incidence data were obtained from the CDC, NCI, and NAACCR; data about cancer deaths were obtained from the CDC's National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). Annual percent changes in incidence and death rates (age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population) for all cancers combined and for the leading cancers among men and women were estimated by joinpoint analysis of long-term trends (incidence for 1992-2012 and mortality for 1975-2012) and short-term trends (2008-2012). In-depth analysis of liver cancer incidence included an age-period-cohort analysis and an incidence-based estimation of person-years of life lost because of the disease. By using NCHS multiple causes of death data, hepatitis C virus (HCV) and liver cancer-associated death rates were examined from 1999 through 2013. RESULTSAmong men and women of all major racial and ethnic groups, death rates continued to decline for all cancers combined and for most cancer sites; the overall cancer death rate (for both sexes combined) decreased by 1.5% per year from 2003 to 2012. Overall, incidence rates decreased among men and remained stable among women from 2003 to 2012. Among both men and women, deaths from liver cancer increased at the highest rate of all cancer sites, and liver cancer incidence rates increased sharply, second only to thyroid cancer. Men had more than twice the incidence rate of liver cancer than women, and rates increased with age for both sexes. Among non-Hispanic (NH) white, NH black, and Hispanic men and women, liver cancer incidence rates were higher for persons born after the 1938 to 1947 birth cohort. In contrast, there was a minimal birth cohort effect for NH Asian and Pacific Islanders (APIs). NH black men and Hispanic men had the lowest median age at death (60 and 62 years, respectively) and the highest average person-years of life lost per death (21 and 20 years, respectively) from liver cancer. HCV and liver cancer-associated death rates were highest among decedents who were born during 1945 through 1965. CONCLUSIONSOverall, cancer incidence and mortality declined among men; and, although cancer incidence was stable among women, mortality declined. The burden of liver cancer is growing and is not equally distributed throughout the population. Efforts to vaccinate populations that are vulnerable to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and to identify and treat those living with HCV or HBV infection, metabolic conditions, alcoholic liver disease, or other causes of cirrhosis can be effective in reducing the incidence and mortality of liver cancer. Cancer 2016;122:1312-1337. (c) 2016 American Cancer Society. The American Cancer Society, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Cancer Institute, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries collaborate annually to provide updated information about cancer occurrence and trends in the United States. This year's report highlights the increasing burden of liver cancer and emphasizes the importance of public health efforts to prevent, identify, and treat chronic hepatitis B and C viral infections and to promote reductions in other key risk factors for liver cancer. C1 [Ryerson, A. Blythe; Eheman, Christie R.; Henley, S. Jane] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Altekruse, Sean F.; Noone, Anne-Michelle; Cronin, Kathleen A.; Penberthy, Lynne] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Ward, John W.; Holtzman, Deborah; Ly, Kathleen N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jemal, Ahmedin; Ma, Jiemin] Amer Canc Soc, Surveillance Res Program, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Sherman, Recinda L.; Kohler, Betsy A.] North Amer Assoc Cent Canc Registries, Springfield, IL USA. [Lake, Andrew] Informat Management Serv Inc, Rockville, MD USA. [Anderson, Robert N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. RP Ryerson, AB (reprint author), Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM aryerson@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 124 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 13 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X EI 1097-0142 J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 122 IS 9 BP 1312 EP 1337 DI 10.1002/cncr.29936 PG 26 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA DK1WT UT WOS:000374706500003 PM 26959385 ER PT J AU Vallabhaneni, S Chiller, TM AF Vallabhaneni, Snigdha Chiller, Tom M. TI Fungal Infections and New Biologic Therapies SO CURRENT RHEUMATOLOGY REPORTS LA English DT Article DE Biologics; TNF-alpha inhibitors; Anakinra; Abatacept; Rituximab; Ustekinumab; Tocilizumab; Tofacitinib; Vedolizumab; Secukinumab; Ixekizumab; Fungal infections; Histoplasmosis; Candidiasis; Cryptococcosis; Coccidioidomycosis; Aspergillosis; Incidence; Risk; Prevention ID LONG-TERM SAFETY; RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIALS; MODIFYING ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUGS; ANTITUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; ACTIVE RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY THERAPY; SEVERE ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; FACTOR-ALPHA ANTAGONISTS; SERIOUS INFECTIONS; PSORIATIC-ARTHRITIS AB The development of biologic therapies targeting pro-inflammatory mediators has led to significant advances in the treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). Blocking undesired inflammatory effects also has the potential to disrupt the body's immune response and increase the risk for infections, including fungal infections. This review summarizes the published data on the frequency and risk for fungal infections among patients treated with biologics, with a focus on the newer therapies approved for use with IMIDs in the last 10 years. The use of biologics is associated with a small but important risk of fungal infections. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, histoplasmosis, and candidiasis are some of the most common fungal infections associated with biologics. Providers should be vigilant for fungal infection among patients taking biologics, be aware that biologic agents may alter the typical presentation of fungal infections, and take timely steps to diagnose and treat fungal infection to reduce resultant morbidity and mortality. C1 [Vallabhaneni, Snigdha; Chiller, Tom M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Div Food Water & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vallabhaneni, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Div Food Water & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM fco6@cdc.gov NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1523-3774 EI 1534-6307 J9 CURR RHEUMATOL REP JI Curr. Rheumatol. Rep. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 18 IS 5 AR 29 DI 10.1007/s11926-016-0572-1 PG 10 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA DJ9WR UT WOS:000374564500001 PM 27032792 ER PT J AU Chanda, E Thomsen, EK Musapa, M Kamuliwo, M Brogdon, WG Norris, DE Masaninga, F Wirtz, R Sikaala, CH Muleba, M Craig, A Govere, JM Ranson, H Hemingway, J Seyoum, A Macdonald, MB Coleman, M AF Chanda, Emmanuel Thomsen, Edward K. Musapa, Mulenga Kamuliwo, Mulakwa Brogdon, William G. Norris, Douglas E. Masaninga, Freddie Wirtz, Robert Sikaala, Chadwick H. Muleba, Mbanga Craig, Allen Govere, John M. Ranson, Hilary Hemingway, Janet Seyoum, Aklilu Macdonald, Michael B. Coleman, Michael TI An Operational Framework for Insecticide Resistance Management Planning SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES; MALARIA CONTROL; PYRETHROID RESISTANCE; ANOPHELES-FUNESTUS; GLOBAL PLAN; IMPLEMENTATION; ZAMBIA; CHALLENGES; PROGRESS; AFRICA AB Arthropod vectors transmit organisms that cause many emerging and reemerging diseases, and their control is reliant mainly on the use of chemical insecticides. Only a few classes of insecticides are available for public health use, and the increased spread of insecticide resistance is a major threat to sustainable disease control. The primary strategy for mitigating the detrimental effects of insecticide resistance is the development of an insecticide resistance management plan. However, few examples exist to show how to implement such plans programmatically. We describe the formulation and implementation of a resistance management plan for mosquito vectors of human disease in Zambia. We also discuss challenges, steps taken to address the challenges, and directions for the future. C1 [Chanda, Emmanuel; Kamuliwo, Mulakwa; Sikaala, Chadwick H.] Minist Hlth, Lusaka, Zambia. [Thomsen, Edward K.; Ranson, Hilary; Hemingway, Janet; Coleman, Michael] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Pembroke Pl, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Musapa, Mulenga] Abt Associates Inc, Lusaka, Zambia. [Brogdon, William G.; Wirtz, Robert; Craig, Allen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Norris, Douglas E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Masaninga, Freddie] World Hlth Org, Lusaka, Zambia. [Muleba, Mbanga] Trop Dis Res Ctr, Ndola, Zambia. [Muleba, Mbanga] Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Seyoum, Aklilu] Africa Indoor Residual Spraying Project, Accra, Ghana. RP Thomsen, EK; Coleman, M (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Pembroke Pl, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. EM edward.thomsen@lstmed.ac.uk; michael.coleman@lstmed.ac.uk OI Thomsen, Edward/0000-0003-1136-6430; Ranson, Hilary/0000-0003-2332-8247; Coleman, Michael/0000-0003-4186-3526 FU President's Malaria Initiative FX This work was supported by the President's Malaria Initiative, which provided funding to the Zambia Integrated Systems Strengthening Program. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 11 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY PY 2016 VL 22 IS 5 BP 773 EP 779 DI 10.3201/eid2205.150984 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DK2DZ UT WOS:000374726100001 PM 27089119 ER PT J AU Herrick, KL Pena, SA Yaglom, HD Layton, BJ Moors, A Loftis, AD Condit, ME Singleton, J Kato, CY Denison, AM Ng, D Mertins, JW Paddock, CD AF Herrick, Kristen L. Pena, Sandra A. Yaglom, Hayley D. Layton, Brent J. Moors, Amanda Loftis, Amanda D. Condit, Marah E. Singleton, Joseph Kato, Cecilia Y. Denison, Amy M. Ng, Dianna Mertins, James W. Paddock, Christopher D. TI Rickettsia parkeri Rickettsiosis, Arizona, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MOUNTAIN-SPOTTED-FEVER; AMBLYOMMA-TRISTE TICKS; UNITED-STATES; ENDEMIC AREA; ARGENTINA; URUGUAY; IXODIDAE; MEXICO; ACARI; IDENTIFICATION AB In the United States, all previously reported cases of Rickettsia parkeri rickettsiosis have been linked to transmission by the Gulf Coast tick (Amblyomma maculatum). Here we describe 1 confirmed and 1 probable case of R. parkeri rickettsiosis acquired in a mountainous region of southern Arizona, well beyond the recognized geographic range of A. maculatum ticks. The likely vector for these 2 infections was identified as the Amblyomma triste tick, a Neotropical species only recently recognized in the United States. Identification of R. parkeri rickettsiosis in southern Arizona demonstrates a need for local ecologic and epidemiologic assessments to better understand geographic distribution and define public health risk. Education and outreach aimed at persons recreating or working in this region of southern Arizona would improve awareness and promote prevention of tickborne rickettsioses. C1 [Herrick, Kristen L.; Yaglom, Hayley D.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Pena, Sandra A.] Gila Cty Div Hlth & Emergency Management, Globe, AZ USA. [Layton, Brent J.] Pinal Mt Internal Med, Globe, AZ USA. [Moors, Amanda] Moors Wildlife Management Serv, Globe, AZ USA. [Loftis, Amanda D.] Midwestern Univ, Glendale, AZ USA. [Condit, Marah E.; Singleton, Joseph; Kato, Cecilia Y.; Denison, Amy M.; Ng, Dianna; Paddock, Christopher D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G13, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Mertins, James W.] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Paddock, CD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G13, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM cdp9@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY PY 2016 VL 22 IS 5 BP 780 EP 785 DI 10.3201/eid2205.151824 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DK2DZ UT WOS:000374726100002 PM 27089251 ER PT J AU Hastings, DL Tokars, JI Aziz, IZAMA Alkhaldi, KZ Bensadek, AT Alraddadi, BM Jokhdar, H Jernigan, JA Garout, MA Tomczyk, SM Oboho, LK Geller, AI Arinaminpathy, N Swerdlow, DL Madani, TA AF Hastings, Deborah L. Tokars, Jerome I. Aziz, Inas Zakaria A. M. Abdel Alkhaldi, Khulud Z. Bensadek, Areej T. Alraddadi, Basem M. Jokhdar, Hani Jernigan, John A. Garout, Mohammed A. Tomczyk, Sara M. Oboho, Lkwo K. Geller, Andrew I. Arinaminpathy, Nimalan Swerdlow, David L. Madani, Tariq A. TI Outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome at Tertiary Care Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 2014 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CORONAVIRUS MERS-COV; INFECTION AB During March May 2014, a Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreak occurred in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, that included many persons who worked or received medical treatment at King Fahd General Hospital. We investigated 78 persons who had laboratory-confirmed MERS during March 2 May 10 and documented contact at this hospital. The 78 persons with MERS comprised 53 patients, 16 healthcare workers, and 9 visitors. Among the 53 patients, the most probable sites of acquisition were the emergency department (22 patients), inpatient areas (17), dialysis unit (11), and outpatient areas (3). Infection control deficiencies included limited separation of suspected MERS patients, patient crowding, and inconsistent use of infection control precautions; aggressive improvements in these deficiencies preceded a decline in cases. MERS coronavirus transmission probably was multifocal, occurring in multiple hospital settings. Continued vigilance and strict application of infection control precautions are necessary to prevent future MERS outbreaks. C1 [Hastings, Deborah L.; Tokars, Jerome I.; Jernigan, John A.; Tomczyk, Sara M.; Oboho, Lkwo K.; Geller, Andrew I.; Swerdlow, David L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Aziz, Inas Zakaria A. M. Abdel] Cairo Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Alkhaldi, Khulud Z.; Madani, Tariq A.] Minist Hlth, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. [Bensadek, Areej T.; Jokhdar, Hani; Garout, Mohammed A.] King Fahd Gen Hosp, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. [Alraddadi, Basem M.] King Faisal Specialist Hosp & Res Ctr, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. [Jokhdar, Hani] Cent Board Accreditat Healthcare Inst, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. [Jokhdar, Hani; Garout, Mohammed A.] Umm Al Qura Univ, Mecca, Saudi Arabia. [Garout, Mohammed A.] Int Med Ctr, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. [Arinaminpathy, Nimalan] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Madani, Tariq A.] King Abulaziz Univ, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. RP Madani, TA (reprint author), King Abulaziz Univ, Dept Med, POB 80245, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. EM tmadani@kau.edu.sa FU Medical Research Council [MR/K010174/1] NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY PY 2016 VL 22 IS 5 BP 794 EP 801 DI 10.3201/eid2205.151797 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DK2DZ UT WOS:000374726100004 PM 27089550 ER PT J AU Reefhuis, J Gilboa, SM Johansson, MA Valencia, D Simeone, RM Hills, SL Polen, K Jamieson, DJ Petersen, LR Honein, MA AF Reefhuis, Jennita Gilboa, Suzanne M. Johansson, Michael A. Valencia, Diana Simeone, Regina M. Hills, Susan L. Polen, Kara Jamieson, Denise J. Petersen, Lyle R. Honein, Margaret A. TI Projecting Month of Birth for At-Risk Infants after Zika Virus Disease Outbreaks SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UPDATE INTERIM GUIDELINES; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; BRAZIL AB The marked increase in infants born with microcephaly in Brazil after a 2015 outbreak of Zika virus disease suggests an association between maternal Zika virus infection and congenital microcephaly. To project the timing of delivery of infants born to mothers infected during early pregnancy in 1 city in Bahia State, Brazil, we incorporated data on reported Zika cases and microcephaly cases into a graphical schematic of weekly birth cohorts. We projected that these births would occur through February 2016. Applying similar projections to a hypothetical location at which Zika virus transmission started in November, we projected that full term infants at risk for Zika virus infection would be born during April September 2016. We also developed a modifiable spreadsheet tool that public health officials and researchers can use for their countries to plan for deliveries of infants to women who were infected with Zika virus during different pregnancy trimesters. C1 [Reefhuis, Jennita; Gilboa, Suzanne M.; Johansson, Michael A.; Valencia, Diana; Simeone, Regina M.; Polen, Kara; Jamieson, Denise J.; Honein, Margaret A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E86, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Hills, Susan L.; Petersen, Lyle R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Reefhuis, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E86, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM nzr5@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 28 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY PY 2016 VL 22 IS 5 BP 828 EP 832 DI 10.3201/eid2205.160290 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DK2DZ UT WOS:000374726100008 PM 27088494 ER PT J AU Rosenberg, R AF Rosenberg, Ronald TI Threat from Emerging Vectorborne Viruses SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Rosenberg, Ronald] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3156 Rampart Rd,Bldg 401,Mailstop P01, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Rosenberg, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3156 Rampart Rd,Bldg 401,Mailstop P01, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM rrosenberg@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY PY 2016 VL 22 IS 5 BP 910 EP 911 DI 10.3201/eid2205.160284 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DK2DZ UT WOS:000374726100025 PM 27551712 ER PT J AU Mannerings, AO Osikowicz, LM Restif, O Nyarko, E Suu-Ire, R Cunningham, AA Wood, JLN Kosoy, MY AF Mannerings, Alexandra O. Osikowicz, Lynn M. Restif, Olivier Nyarko, Edward Suu-Ire, Richard Cunningham, Andrew A. Wood, James L. N. Kosoy, Michael Y. TI Exposure to Bat-Associated Bartonella spp. among Humans and Other Animals, Ghana SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID FLIES DIPTERA; NYCTERIBIIDAE; THAILAND; AFRICA C1 [Mannerings, Alexandra O.; Restif, Olivier; Wood, James L. N.] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge, England. [Mannerings, Alexandra O.; Cunningham, Andrew A.] Zool Soc London, London, England. [Osikowicz, Lynn M.; Kosoy, Michael Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Nyarko, Edward] 37 Mil Hosp, Publ Hlth Div, Accra, Ghana. [Suu-Ire, Richard] Forestry Commiss, Accra, Ghana. RP Kosoy, MY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mck3@cdc.gov FU Wellcome Trust [100891] NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY PY 2016 VL 22 IS 5 BP 922 EP 924 DI 10.3201/eid2205.151908 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DK2DZ UT WOS:000374726100032 PM 27088812 ER PT J AU Perkasa, A Yudhaputri, F Haryanto, S Hayati, RF Ma'roef, CN Antonjaya, U Yohan, B Myint, KSA Ledermann, JP Rosenberg, R Powers, AM Sasmono, RT AF Perkasa, Aditya Yudhaputri, Frilasita Haryanto, Sotianingsih Hayati, Rahma F. Ma'roef, Chairin Nisa Antonjaya, Ungke Yohan, Benediktus Myint, Khin Saw Aye Ledermann, Jeremy P. Rosenberg, Ronald Powers, Ann M. Sasmono, R. Tedjo TI Isolation of Zika Virus from Febrile Patient, Indonesia SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID INFECTION C1 [Perkasa, Aditya; Yudhaputri, Frilasita; Hayati, Rahma F.; Ma'roef, Chairin Nisa; Yohan, Benediktus; Myint, Khin Saw Aye; Sasmono, R. Tedjo] Eijkman Inst Mol Biol, Jl Diponegoro 69, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia. [Haryanto, Sotianingsih] Siloam Hosp Jambi, Jambi, Indonesia. [Antonjaya, Ungke] Eijkman Oxford Clin Res Unit, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Ledermann, Jeremy P.; Rosenberg, Ronald; Powers, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Sasmono, RT (reprint author), Eijkman Inst Mol Biol, Jl Diponegoro 69, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia. EM sasmono@eijkman.go.id OI Yohan, Benediktus/0000-0003-2378-2386; Sasmono, R. Tedjo/0000-0003-0986-2590 NR 10 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 15 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY PY 2016 VL 22 IS 5 BP 924 EP 925 DI 10.3201/eid2205.151915 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DK2DZ UT WOS:000374726100033 PM 27088970 ER PT J AU Ezeoke, I Saffa, A Guthartz, S Tate, A Varma, JK Vora, NM AF Ezeoke, Ifeoma Saffa, Alhaji Guthartz, Seth Tate, Anna Varma, Jay K. Vora, Neil M. TI Health Precautions Taken by Travelers to Countries with Ebola Virus Disease SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Ezeoke, Ifeoma; Saffa, Alhaji; Guthartz, Seth; Tate, Anna; Varma, Jay K.; Vora, Neil M.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Vora, Neil M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vora, NM (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, 42-09 28th St,WS 5-105, Queens, NY 11101 USA. EM nvora@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY PY 2016 VL 22 IS 5 BP 929 EP 931 DI 10.3201/eid2205.160041 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DK2DZ UT WOS:000374726100036 PM 27089474 ER PT J AU Lanciotti, RS Lambert, AJ Holodniy, M Saavedra, S Signor, LDC AF Lanciotti, Robert S. Lambert, Amy J. Holodniy, Mark Saavedra, Sonia Castillo Signor, Leticia del Carmen TI Phylogeny of Zika Virus in Western Hemisphere, 2015 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID CHIKUNGUNYA C1 [Lanciotti, Robert S.; Lambert, Amy J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Holodniy, Mark] Dept Vet Affairs, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Saavedra, Sonia] VA Caribbean Hlth Care Syst, San Juan, PR USA. [Castillo Signor, Leticia del Carmen] Lab Nacl Salud Guatemala, Villa Nueva, Guatemala. RP Lanciotti, RS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM rsl2@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 12 U2 29 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY PY 2016 VL 22 IS 5 BP 933 EP 935 DI 10.3201/eid2205.160065 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DK2DZ UT WOS:000374726100038 PM 27088323 ER PT J AU Breedlove, B Arguin, PM AF Breedlove, Byron Arguin, Paul M. TI Inspiration and Insecticide from the Flower Garden SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Breedlove, Byron; Arguin, Paul M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Breedlove, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM wbb1@cdc.gov OI Breedlove, Byron/0000-0002-1026-1963 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY PY 2016 VL 22 IS 5 BP 941 EP 942 DI 10.3201/eid2205.AC2205 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DK2DZ UT WOS:000374726100043 PM 27551713 ER PT J AU Buckley, JP Herring, AH Wolff, MS Calafat, AM Engel, SM AF Buckley, Jessie P. Herring, Amy H. Wolff, Mary S. Calafat, Antonia M. Engel, Stephanie M. TI Prenatal exposure to environmental phenols and childhood fat mass in the Mount Sinai Children's Environmental Health Study SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Phenols; Pediatric obesity; Endocrine disruptors; Environmental exposure ID BISPHENOL-A EXPOSURE; URINARY CONCENTRATIONS; PHTHALATE METABOLITES; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR; OBESITY; VARIABILITY; PREGNANCY; COHORT; OVERWEIGHT; PARABENS AB Early life exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals may alter adipogenesis and energy balance leading to changes in obesity risk. Several studies have evaluated the association of prenatal bisphenol A exposure with childhood body size but only one study of male infants has examined other environmental phenols. Therefore, we assessed associations between prenatal exposure to environmental phenols and fat mass in a prospective birth cohort We quantified four phenol biomarkers in third trimester maternal spot urine samples in a cohort of women enrolled in New York City between 1998 and 2002 and evaluated fat mass in their children using a Tanita scale between ages 4 and 9 years (173 children with 351 total observations). We estimated associations of standard deviation differences in natural log creatinine-standardized phenol biomarker concentrations with percent fat mass using linear mixed effects regression models. We did not observe associations of bisphenol A or triclosan with childhood percent fat mass. In unadjusted models, maternal urinary concentrations of 2,5-dichlorophenol were associated with greater percent fat mass and benzophenone-3 was associated with lower percent fat mass among children. After adjustment, phenol biomarkers were not associated with percent fat mass. However, the association between benzophenone-3 and percent fat mass was modified by child's sex: benzophenone-3 concentrations were inversely associated with percent fat mass in girls (beta = -1.51, 95% CI = -3.06, 0.01) but not boys (beta = -0.20, 95% CI = -1.69,126). Although we did not observe strong evidence that prenatal environmental phenols exposures influence the development of childhood adiposity, the potential antiadipogenic effect of benzophenone-3 in girls may warrant further investigation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Buckley, Jessie P.; Engel, Stephanie M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, McGavran Greenberg Hall,CB 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Herring, Amy H.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, McGavran Greenberg Hall,CB 7420, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Herring, Amy H.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, McGavran Greenberg Hall,CB 7420, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Wolff, Mary S.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Prevent Med, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1057, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F17, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Buckley, JP (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, CB 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM jessbuck@unc.edu; amy_herring@unc.edu; mary.wolff@mssm.edu; aic7@cdc.gov; stephanie.engel@unc.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [ES021700]; NIEHS [ES009584, T32 ES007018]; EPA [R827039, RD831711]; ATSDR; New York Community Trust; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [T32-HD052468-05] FX We thank Xiaoyun Ye, Amber Bishop, and Jack Reidy for the measurement of the phenols metabolites. This work was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS, ES021700). The Mount Sinai Children's Environmental Health Study was supported by grants from NIEHS (ES009584), EPA (R827039 and RD831711), ATSDR, and The New York Community Trust. JPB was supported by training grants from NIEHS (T32 ES007018) and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (T32-HD052468-05). NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 EI 1873-6750 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 91 BP 350 EP 356 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2016.03.019 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DL4TQ UT WOS:000375630500037 PM 27037776 ER PT J AU Vuong, AM Yolton, K Webster, GM Sjodin, A Calafat, AM Braun, JM Dietrich, KN Lanphear, BP Chen, AM AF Vuong, Ann M. Yolton, Kimberly Webster, Glenys M. Sjodin, Andreas Calafat, Antonia M. Braun, Joseph M. Dietrich, Kim N. Lanphear, Bruce P. Chen, Aimin TI Prenatal polybrominated diphenyl ether and perfluoroalkyl substance exposures and executive function in school-age children SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs); Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs); Executive function; Neurodevelopment; Prenatal; Exposure ID PBDE FLAME RETARDANTS; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE PFOS; THYROID-HORMONES; EARLY-PREGNANCY; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT; DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY; NEUROBEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; PERFLUORINATED CHEMICALS; NEONATAL EXPOSURE AB Executive function is a critical behavioral trait rarely studied in relation to potential neurotoxicants. Prenatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has been associated with adverse neurodevelopment, but there is limited research on executive function. Data from 256 mother-child pairs in the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment Study, a prospective birth cohort (2003-2006, Cincinnati, OH), was used to examine maternal serum PBDEs and PFASs and executive function in children ages 5 and 8 years. Maternal serum PBDEs and PFASs were measured at 16 +/- 3 weeks gestation. Executive function was assessed with the parent-rated Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF), which yields composite measures: behavioral regulation index, metacognition index, and global executive composite. Higher BRIEF scores indicate executive function impairments. Linear mixed models and generalized estimating equations were used to estimate covariate-adjusted associations between PBDEs and PFASs and executive function. A 10-fold increase in BDE-153 was associated with poorer behavior regulation (beta=323, 95% CI 0.60, 5.86). Higher odds of having a score 60 in behavior regulation (OR=3.92, 95% Cl 1.76, 8.73) or global executive functioning (OR=2.34, 95% CI 1.05, 5.23) was observed with increased BDE-153. Each In-unit increase in perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was associated with poorer behavior regulation (beta=3.14,95% CI 0.68, 5.61), metacognition (beta=3.10, 95% CI 0.62, 5.58), and global executive functioning (beta=338, 95% CI 0.86, 5.90). However, no association was observed between perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and executive function. Prenatal exposures to BDE-153 and PFOS may be associated with executive function deficits in school-age children. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Vuong, Ann M.; Dietrich, Kim N.; Chen, Aimin] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Yolton, Kimberly] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Gen & Community Pediat, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Webster, Glenys M.; Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, BC Childrens & Womens Hosp, Child & Family Res Inst, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Webster, Glenys M.; Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Sjodin, Andreas; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Braun, Joseph M.] Brown Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Chen, AM (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. EM aimin.chen@uc.edu RI Braun, Joseph/H-8649-2014 FU US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Environmental Protection Agency [NIEHS P01 ES11261, R01 ES014575, R01 ES020349, R00 ES020346, R01 ES024381, T32ES010957, P30ES006096, EPA P01 R829389] FX This work was supported by grants from the US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the Environmental Protection Agency (NIEHS P01 ES11261, R01 ES014575, R01 ES020349, R00 ES020346, R01 ES024381, T32ES010957, and P30ES006096; EPA P01 R829389). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the NIEHS, EPA, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 67 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 8 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 EI 1096-0953 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 147 BP 556 EP 564 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2016.01.008 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DJ5UN UT WOS:000374275700062 PM 26832761 ER PT J AU Vallabhaneni, S Almendares, O Farley, MM Reno, J Smith, ZT Stein, B Magill, SS Smith, RM Cleveland, AA Lessa, FC AF Vallabhaneni, S. Almendares, O. Farley, M. M. Reno, J. Smith, Z. T. Stein, B. Magill, S. S. Smith, R. M. Cleveland, A. A. Lessa, F. C. TI Epidemiology and factors associated with candidaemia following Clostridium difficile infection in adults within metropolitan Atlanta, 2009-2013 SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Candidaemia; CDI treatment; Clostridium difficile infection; co-infection; severe CDI ID RISK-FACTORS; CANDIDEMIA; VANCOMYCIN; OVERGROWTH; RESISTANCE AB We assessed prevalence of and risk factors for candidaemia following Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) using longitudinal population-based surveillance. Of 13 615 adults with CDI, 113 (0.8%) developed candidaemia in the 120 days following CDI. In a matched case-control analysis, severe CDI and CDI treatment with vancomycin + metronidazole were associated with development of candidaemia following CDI. C1 [Vallabhaneni, S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vallabhaneni, S.; Smith, R. M.; Cleveland, A. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Almendares, O.; Reno, J.; Smith, Z. T.; Stein, B.] Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Almendares, O.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. [Farley, M. M.; Stein, B.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, M. M.; Reno, J.] Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Reno, J.; Smith, Z. T.; Magill, S. S.; Lessa, F. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vallabhaneni, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C-90, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM fco6@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 144 IS 7 BP 1440 EP 1444 DI 10.1017/S0950268815003027 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DL7EQ UT WOS:000375803800008 PM 26608090 ER PT J AU Zhou, C Florence, CS Dowell, D AF Zhou, Chao Florence, Curtis S. Dowell, Deborah TI Payments For Opioids Shifted Substantially To Public And Private Insurers While Consumer Spending Declined, 1999-2012 SO HEALTH AFFAIRS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PRESCRIPTION; MEDICAID; PAIN; TRENDS; ANALGESICS; ENROLLEES; INSURANCE; OVERDOSES; PROGRAM AB Deaths from opioid pain reliever overdose in the United States quadrupled between 1999 and 2013, concurrent with an increase in the use of the drugs. We used data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey to examine trends in opioid pain reliever expenditures, financing by various payers, and use from 1999 to 2012. We found major shifts in expenditures by payer type for these drugs, with private and public insurers paying a much larger share than patients in recent years. Consumer out-of-pocket spending on opioids per 100 morphine milligram equivalents (a standard reference measure of strength for various opioids) declined from $4.40 to $0.90 between 2001 and 2012. Since the implementation of Medicare Part D in 2006, Medicare has been the largest payer for opioid pain relievers, covering about 20-30 percent of the cost. Medicare spends considerably more on these drugs for enrollees younger than age sixty-five than it does for any other age group or than Medicaid or private insurance does for any age group. Further research is needed to evaluate whether payer strategies to address the overuse of opioids could reduce avoidable opioid-related mortality. C1 [Zhou, Chao] Natl Ctr Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhou, Chao] Control Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Florence, Curtis S.; Dowell, Deborah] Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zhou, C (reprint author), Natl Ctr Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.; Zhou, C (reprint author), Control Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. EM xaf9@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU PROJECT HOPE PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE 600, BETHESDA, MD 20814-6133 USA SN 0278-2715 J9 HEALTH AFFAIR JI Health Aff. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 35 IS 5 BP 824 EP 831 DI 10.1377/hlthaff.2015.1103 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA DL7CH UT WOS:000375796700011 PM 27140988 ER PT J AU Fan, L Owusu-Edusei, K Schillie, SF Murphy, TV AF Fan, Lin Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr. Schillie, Sarah F. Murphy, Trudy V. TI Cost-effectiveness of active-passive prophylaxis and antiviral prophylaxis during pregnancy to prevent perinatal hepatitis B virus infection SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; UNITED-STATES; E-ANTIGEN; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; OBSERVATION PERIOD; NATURAL-HISTORY; LIVER-CIRRHOSIS; INFANTS BORN AB In an era of antiviral treatment, reexamination of the cost-effectiveness of strategies to prevent perinatal hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission in the United States is needed. We used a decision tree and Markov model to estimate the cost-effectiveness of the current U.S. strategy and two alternatives: (1) Universal hepatitis B vaccination (HepB) strategy: No pregnant women are screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). All infants receive HepB before hospital discharge; no infants receive hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG). (2) Current strategy: All pregnant women are screened for HBsAg. Infants of HBsAg-positive women receive HepB and HBIG 12 hours of birth. All other infants receive HepB before hospital discharge. (3) Antiviral prophylaxis strategy: All pregnant women are screened for HBsAg. HBsAg-positive women have HBV-DNA load measured. Antiviral prophylaxis is offered for 4 months starting in the third trimester to women with DNA load 10(6) copies/mL. HepB and HBIG are administered at birth to infants of HBsAg-positive women, and HepB is administered before hospital discharge to infants of HBsAg-negative women. Effects were measured in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER). Compared to the universal HepB strategy, the current strategy prevented 1,006 chronic HBV infections and saved 13,600 QALYs (ICER: $6,957/QALY saved). Antiviral prophylaxis dominated the current strategy, preventing an additional 489 chronic infections, and saving 800 QALYs and $2.8 million. The results remained robust over a wide range of assumptions. Conclusion: The current U.S. strategy for preventing perinatal HBV remains cost-effective compared to the universal HepB strategy. An antiviral prophylaxis strategy was cost saving compared to the current strategy and should be considered to continue to decrease the burden of perinatal hepatitis B in the United States. (Hepatology 2016;63:1471-1480) C1 [Fan, Lin; Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr.; Schillie, Sarah F.; Murphy, Trudy V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fan, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS F-11, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wqm3@cdc.gov NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-9139 EI 1527-3350 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD MAY PY 2016 VL 63 IS 5 BP 1471 EP 1480 DI 10.1002/hep.28310 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA DK2IN UT WOS:000374738000011 PM 26509655 ER PT J AU Nurse-Lucas, M McGee, L Hawkins, PA Swanston, WH Akpaka, PE AF Nurse-Lucas, Michele McGee, Lesley Hawkins, Paulina A. Swanston, William H. Akpaka, Patrick Eberechi TI Serotypes and genotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Trinidad and Tobago SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; Invasive pneumococcal disease; Sequence type; Multilocus sequence typing; Trinidad and Tobago ID PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; UNITED-STATES; INVASIVE DISEASE; ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; MULTIPLEX PCR; CHILDREN; 6C; DIVERSITY; CLONES AB Objectives: There are currently 94 known pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide serotypes and their prevalence differs by geographic region and the period studied. Streptococcus pneumoniae infections have been diagnosed clinically in Trinidad and Tobago and other Caribbean countries, however data on the serotype and sequence type distributions in this country are limited. The objective of this study was to determine serotypes and multilocus sequence types (MLSTs) of invasive and non-invasive pneumococcal isolates from Trinidad and Tobago. Methods: Ninety-eight pneumococcal isolates from several regional hospitals in the country were analyzed using both standard microbiological methods and molecular analysis. These isolates included invasive (n = 83) and selected non-invasive (n = 15) strains recovered before (n = 25) and after (n = 73) the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Results: More than half of the isolates (54.1%) were recovered from children under 15 years of age, with the largest proportion being from children under 2 years of age (24.5%). The most prevalent serotypes were 19F (18.4%), 6B (15.3%), 23F (14.3%), 3 (11.2%), 19A (6.1%), 6A (5.1%), 14 (5.1%), and 9V (4.1%). The most common serotype/MLST combinations were 6B/ST138 (n = 10, 10.2%), 3/ST180 (n = 5, 5.1%), 23F/ST629 (n = 5, 5.1%), 19F/ST8398 (n = 4, 4.1%), and three each of 6B/ST145, 14/9V/ST156, 9V/ST162, 19A/320, and 3/ST10440. Conclusions: This report provides the first glimpse of the prevailing pneumococcal sequence types in the country. Most of the isolates represented serotypes in the 10-valent (61.2% of isolates) and 13-valent (83.7%) pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. A detailed population study is warranted to fully determine the circulating pneumococcal sequence types. Furthermore, the implementation of an effective and continuous surveillance system in Trinidad and Tobago is paramount to monitor vaccine impact. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. This is an open access article under the CC BY -NC -ND license (httpMcreativecommons.orgilicensesiby-nc-nc1/4.0/). C1 [Nurse-Lucas, Michele; Swanston, William H.; Akpaka, Patrick Eberechi] Univ W Indies, Fac Med Sci, Dept Paraclin Sci, St Augustine, Trinid & Tobago. [McGee, Lesley] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hawkins, Paulina A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Akpaka, PE (reprint author), Univ W Indies, Fac Med Sci, Dept Paraclin Sci, St Augustine, Trinid & Tobago. EM peakpaka@yahoo.co.uk FU UWI, St. Augustine Campus; Wellcome Trust FX MNL and PEA particularly wish to thank all the Medical Laboratory technologists and staff at the several hospitals who assisted in collecting the isolates for this study, as well as the Caribbean Public Health Agency (CARPHA) for some of the historical pneumococcal isolates. We also thank the UWI, St. Augustine Campus, for financial assistance. This publication made use of the Streptococcus pneumoniae MLST website (http://pubmist.org/spneumoniae/) cited at the University of Oxford (Jolley and Maiden, BMC Bioinformatics, 2010;11:595). The development of this site has been funded by the Wellcome Trust. NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 EI 1878-3511 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 46 BP 100 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.04.005 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DL4FJ UT WOS:000375588900019 PM 27062986 ER PT J AU Eke, PI Zhang, X Lu, H Wei, L Thornton-Evans, G Greenlund, KJ Holt, JB Croft, JB AF Eke, P. I. Zhang, X. Lu, H. Wei, L. Thornton-Evans, G. Greenlund, K. J. Holt, J. B. Croft, J. B. TI Predicting Periodontitis at State and Local Levels in the United States SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; dental health surveys; oral health; population surveillance; small area estimation; US population ID SELF-REPORTED MEASURES; SMALL-AREA ESTIMATION; CASE DEFINITIONS; DISEASE; SURVEILLANCE; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; PREVENTION; VALIDITY; VALIDATION AB The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of periodontitis at state and local levels across the United States by using a novel, small area estimation (SAE) method. Extended multilevel regression and poststratification analyses were used to estimate the prevalence of periodontitis among adults aged 30 to 79 y at state, county, congressional district, and census tract levels by using periodontal data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2012, population counts from the 2010 US census, and smoking status estimates from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System in 2012. The SAE method used age, race, gender, smoking, and poverty variables to estimate the prevalence of periodontitis as defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology case definitions at the census block levels and aggregated to larger administrative and geographic areas of interest. Model-based SAEs were validated against national estimates directly from NHANES 2009-2012. Estimated prevalence of periodontitis ranged from 37.7% in Utah to 52.8% in New Mexico among the states (mean, 45.1%; median, 44.9%) and from 33.7% to 68% among counties (mean, 46.6%; median, 45.9%). Severe periodontitis ranged from 7.27% in New Hampshire to 10.26% in Louisiana among the states (mean, 8.9%; median, 8.8%) and from 5.2% to 17.9% among counties (mean, 9.2%; median, 8.8%). Overall, the predicted prevalence of periodontitis was highest for southeastern and southwestern states and for geographic areas in the Southeast along the Mississippi Delta, as well as along the US and Mexico border. Aggregated model-based SAEs were consistent with national prevalence estimates from NHANES 2009-2012. This study is the first-ever estimation of periodontitis prevalence at state and local levels in the United States, and this modeling approach complements public health surveillance efforts to identify areas with a high burden of periodontitis. C1 [Eke, P. I.; Zhang, X.; Lu, H.; Greenlund, K. J.; Holt, J. B.; Croft, J. B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wei, L.] DB Consulting Grp Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thornton-Evans, G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Oral Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Eke, PI (reprint author), Natl Ctr Chron Dis & Hlth Promot, Div Populat Hlth, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM peke@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0022-0345 EI 1544-0591 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 95 IS 5 BP 515 EP 522 DI 10.1177/0022034516629112 PG 8 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA DK0CM UT WOS:000374580000005 PM 26848071 ER PT J AU Charleston, AE Sullivan, R AF Charleston, Alex E. Sullivan, Richard TI Exploring Environmental Health Gaps in Native American Populations SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Sullivan, Richard] CDC, Environm Hlth Tracking Branch, Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-60,Bldg 106, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. RP Sullivan, R (reprint author), CDC, Environm Hlth Tracking Branch, Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-60,Bldg 106, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM rsullivan@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD MAY PY 2016 VL 78 IS 9 BP 30 EP 31 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DJ8BQ UT WOS:000374437500006 PM 27263182 ER PT J AU Li, Z Trinidad, D Pittman, EN Riley, EA Sjodin, A Dills, RL Paulsen, M Simpson, CD AF Li, Zheng Trinidad, Debra Pittman, Erin N. Riley, Erin A. Sjodin, Andreas Dills, Russell L. Paulsen, Michael Simpson, Christopher D. TI Urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites as biomarkers to woodsmoke exposure - results from a controlled exposure study SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE woodsmoke; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; PAH; biomarker; 1-hydroxypyrene; 2-naphthol ID INDOOR AIR-POLLUTION; WOOD-SMOKE EXPOSURE; SOLID-FUEL USE; PARTICULATE MATTER; STOVE INTERVENTION; CARBON-MONOXIDE; BIRTH-WEIGHT; 1-HYDROXYPYRENE; LEVOGLUCOSAN; RISK AB Woodsmoke contains harmful components - such as fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) - and impacts more than half of the global population. We investigated urinary hydroxylated PAH metabolites (OH-PAHs) as woodsmoke exposure biomarkers in nine non-smoking volunteers experimentally exposed to a wood fire. Individual urine samples were collected from 24-h before to 48-h after the exposure and personal PM2.5 samples were collected during the 2-h woodsmoke exposure. Concentrations of nine OH-PAHs increased by 1.8-7.2 times within 2.3-19.3 h, and returned to baseline approximately 24 h after the exposure. 2-Naphthol (2-NAP) had the largest post-exposure increase and exhibited a clear excretion pattern in all participants. The level of urinary OH-PAHs, except 1-hydroxypyrene (1-PYR), correlated with those of PM2.5, levoglucosan and PAHs in personal PM2.5 samples. This finding suggests that several urinary OH-PAHs, especially 2-NAP, are potential exposure biomarkers to woodsmoke; by contrast, 1-PYR may not be a suitable biomarker. Compared with levoglucosan and methoxyphenols - two other urinary woodsmoke biomarkers that were measured in the same study and reported previously - OH-PAHs might be better biomarkers based on sensitivity, robustness and stability, particularly under suboptimal sampling and storage conditions, like in epidemiological studies carried out in less developed areas. C1 [Li, Zheng; Trinidad, Debra; Pittman, Erin N.; Sjodin, Andreas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Riley, Erin A.; Dills, Russell L.; Paulsen, Michael; Simpson, Christopher D.] Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Li, Z (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ZJLi@cdc.gov FU National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health [R03-OH007656]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [T32ES015459] FX We thank the study participants for their time and devotion, Scott Bartell for the pharmacokinetic model code, and Dan Middleton and Donald Hilton for commenting on the manuscript. This work was funded in part by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (#R03-OH007656). EAR is supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (T32ES015459). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 22 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 26 IS 3 BP 241 EP 248 DI 10.1038/jes.2014.94 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DJ7FF UT WOS:000374376600002 PM 25605446 ER PT J AU Wei, BN Blount, BC Xia, BY Wang, LQ AF Wei, Binnian Blount, Benjamin C. Xia, Baoyun Wang, Lanqing TI Assessing exposure to tobacco-specific carcinogen NNK using its urinary metabolite NNAL measured in US population: 2011-2012 SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE NNK; NNAL; environmental tobacco smoke; second hand smoke; biomarker; Monte Carlo simulation ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; 4-(METHYLNITROSAMINO)-1-(3-PYRIDYL)-1-BUTANONE NNK; LUNG CARCINOGEN; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; SECONDHAND SMOKE; THIRDHAND-SMOKE; N-NITROSAMINES; F344 RATS AB Carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) such as 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) are found only in tobacco and derived products. Food and Drug Administration of the United States (US FDA) lists NNK as one of the 93 harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) found in tobacco products and tobacco smoke. The aim of this study was to use the urinary concentration of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), a major metabolite of NNK, to quantitatively estimate exposure to NNK in the US general population. In 2011-2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected urine and serum samples from a representative sample of US residents. We used a serum cotinine cutoff of 10 ng/ml with combination of questionnaire data to select non-users from cigarette users and used self-reported data to determine different tobacco product user groups. We estimated the absorbed total daily dose of NNK using a probabilistic method based on a two-compartment model. The geometric mean (GM) for the daily dose of NNK among smokers aged 12-16 years was significantly higher than that for non-users at the same age stage exposed to second-hand smoke (SHS) (P < 0.001). Among those exposed to SHS, the GM for daily dose of NNK in young children (6-11 years) was nearly three times of those for adults in the age range 21-59 years. Among cigarette users, non-Hispanic Whites had the highest NNK daily dose and Mexican Americans had the lowest levels. Exclusive snuff or chewing product users had significantly higher daily dose of NNK than did cigarette smokers. Our study found that the maximum daily dose of NNK for children aged from 6 to 11 years and that for a significant percentage of cigarette users, chewing product and snuff users were higher than an estimated provisional "reference" risk level. C1 [Wei, Binnian; Blount, Benjamin C.; Xia, Baoyun; Wang, Lanqing] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Tobacco & Volatiles Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE Rd,Mail Stop F44, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Wei, BN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Tobacco & Volatiles Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE Rd,Mail Stop F44, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM bwei@cdc.gov OI Wei, Binnian/0000-0003-0465-9964 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 61 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 10 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 26 IS 3 BP 249 EP 256 DI 10.1038/jes.2014.88 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DJ7FF UT WOS:000374376600003 PM 25564369 ER PT J AU Poghosyan, A Morel-Espinosa, M Valentin-Blasini, L Blount, BC Ferreccio, C Steinmaus, CM Sturchio, NC AF Poghosyan, Armen Morel-Espinosa, Maria Valentin-Blasini, Liza Blount, Benjamin C. Ferreccio, Catterina Steinmaus, Craig M. Sturchio, Neil C. TI Chlorine isotopic composition of perchlorate in human urine as a means of distinguishing among exposure sources SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE perchlorate; isotope; urine; chlorine ID UNITED-STATES; NATURAL PERCHLORATE; THYROID-HORMONE; ATACAMA DESERT; DIETARY-INTAKE; BREAST-MILK; NEW-MEXICO; WATER; GROUNDWATER; NITRATE AB Perchlorate (ClO4-) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant with high human exposure potential. Natural perchlorate forms in the atmosphere from where it deposits onto the surface of Earth, whereas synthetic perchlorate is manufactured as an oxidant for industrial, aerospace, and military applications. Perchlorate exposure can potentially cause adverse health effects in humans by interfering with the production of thyroid hormones through competitively blocking iodide uptake. To control and reduce perchlorate exposure, the contributions of different sources of perchlorate exposure need to be quantified. Thus, we demonstrate a novel approach for determining the contribution of different perchlorate exposure sources by quantifying stable and radioactive chlorine isotopes of perchlorate extracted from composite urine samples from two distinct populations: one in Atlanta, USA and one in Taltal, Chile (Atacama region). Urinary perchlorate from the Atlanta region resembles indigenous natural perchlorate from the western USA (delta Cl-37 = +4.1 +/- 1.0%; Cl-36/Cl = 1 811 (+/- 136) x 10(-15)), and urinary perchlorate from the Taltal, Chile region is similar to natural perchlorate in nitrate salt deposits from the Atacama Desert of northern Chile (delta Cl-37 = -11.0 +/- 1.0%; Cl-36/Cl = 254 (+/- 40) x 10(-15)). Neither urinary perchlorate resembled the isotopic pattern found in synthetic perchlorate. These results indicate that natural perchlorate of regional provenance is the dominant exposure source for the two sample populations, and that chlorine isotope ratios provide a robust tool for elucidating perchlorate exposure pathways. C1 [Poghosyan, Armen; Sturchio, Neil C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 845 West Taylor St,MC 186, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Morel-Espinosa, Maria; Valentin-Blasini, Liza; Blount, Benjamin C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ferreccio, Catterina] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Ctr FONDAP ACCDIS, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile. [Steinmaus, Craig M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Arsen Hlth Effects Res Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sturchio, Neil C.] Univ Delaware, Dept Geol Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Poghosyan, A (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 845 West Taylor St,MC 186, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM apogho2@uic.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 12 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 26 IS 3 BP 324 EP 328 DI 10.1038/jes.2015.18 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DJ7FF UT WOS:000374376600013 PM 25805252 ER PT J AU Miyawaki, CE Bouldin, E Kumar, GS McGuire, LC AF Miyawaki, C. E. Bouldin, E. Kumar, G. S. McGuire, L. C. TI Physical Activity and Memory Loss: Association among Mid-life and Older Adults SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-Geriatrics-Society CY MAY 19-21, 2016 CL Long Beach, CA SP Amer Geriatr Soc C1 [Miyawaki, C. E.] Univ Houston, Grad Coll Social Work, Houston, TX USA. [Bouldin, E.] VA Puget Sound HSR&D, Seattle, WA USA. [Kumar, G. S.] Natl Ctrs Chron Dis Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [McGuire, L. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. FU CDC Healthy Aging Program-Healthy Brain Initiative; CDC's Prevention Research Centers Program [U48 DP 005013]; T32 Women's Health Postdoctoral Fellowship, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [AG027677]; Michigan Public Health Institute (MPHI) [I-98113-117]; Department of Veteran's Affairs Health Services Research & Development post-doctoral fellowship FX Supported By: This project is the result of work conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Healthy Brain Research Network. The CDC Healthy Brain Research Network is a Prevention Research Centers program funded by the CDC Healthy Aging Program-Healthy Brain Initiative. This project was supported in part by cooperative agreements from CDC's Prevention Research Centers Program: U48 DP 005013. Miyawaki was funded by the T32 Women's Health Postdoctoral Fellowship, National Institutes of Health (NIH), through Grant AG027677 as well as the Michigan Public Health Institute (MPHI), Grant I-98113-117. Bouldin was supported by a Department of Veteran's Affairs Health Services Research & Development post-doctoral fellowship. The findings of this project are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the "CDC," "NIH," and "MPHI." NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-8614 EI 1532-5415 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 64 SU 1 SI SI MA A158 BP S73 EP S73 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA DK2SD UT WOS:000374763800202 ER PT J AU Moore, MR Link-Gelles, R Schaffner, W Lynfield, R Holtzman, C Harrison, LH Zansky, SM Rosen, JB Reingold, A Scherzinger, K Thomas, A Guevara, RE Motala, T Eason, J Barnes, M Petit, S Farley, MM McGee, L Jorgensen, JH Whitney, CG AF Moore, Matthew R. Link-Gelles, Ruth Schaffner, William Lynfield, Ruth Holtzman, Corinne Harrison, Lee H. Zansky, Shelley M. Rosen, Jennifer B. Reingold, Arthur Scherzinger, Karen Thomas, Ann Guevara, Ramon E. Motala, Tasneem Eason, Jeffrey Barnes, Meghan Petit, Susan Farley, Monica M. McGee, Lesley Jorgensen, James H. Whitney, Cynthia G. TI Effectiveness of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease in children in the USA: a matched case-control study SO LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; SURVEILLANCE; COHORT AB Background In 2010, 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was licensed and recommended in the USA for prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease in children. Licensure was based on immunogenicity data comparing PCV13 with the earlier seven-valent formulation. Because clinical endpoints were not assessed for the new antigens, we did a postlicensure matched case-control study to assess vaccine effectiveness. Methods Cases in children aged 2-59 months were identified through active surveillance in 13 sites. Controls were identified via birth registries and matched to cases by age and postal (zip) code. The primary objective was the vaccine effectiveness of at least one dose against the 13 serotypes included in PCV13. Secondary objectives included vaccine eff ectiveness against all-cause invasive pneumococcal disease, against antibiotic non-susceptible invasive pneumococcal disease, and among children with and without underlying conditions. Vaccine eff ectiveness was calculated as (1-matched odds ratio) x 100%. Findings We enrolled 722 children with invasive pneumococcal disease and 2991 controls; PCV13 serotype cases (217 [30%]) included most commonly serotypes 19A (128 [18%]), 7F (32 [4%]), and 3 (43 [6%]). Vaccine eff ectiveness against PCV13 serotypes was 86.0% (95% CI 75.5 to 92.3), driven by serotypes 19A and 7F, for which vaccine eff ectiveness was 85.6% (95% CI 70.6 to 93.5) and 96.5% (82.7 to 100), respectively. We also identified statistically significant effectiveness against serotype 3 (79.5%, 95% CI 30.3 to 94.8) and against antibiotic non-susceptible invasive pneumococcal disease (65.6%, 44.9 to 78.7). Vaccine eff ectiveness against all-cause invasive pneumococcal disease was 60.2% (95% CI 46.8 to 70.3). Vaccine eff ectiveness was similar among children with (81.4%, 95% CI 45.4 to 93.6) and without (85.8%, 74.9 to 91.9) underlying conditions. Interpretation PCV13 appears highly effective against invasive pneumococcal disease among children in the USA in the context of routine and catch-up schedules, although some new vaccine antigens could not be assessed. PCV13 immunisation provides a robust strategy for combating pneumococcal antimicrobial resistance. C1 [Moore, Matthew R.; Link-Gelles, Ruth; McGee, Lesley; Whitney, Cynthia G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Lynfield, Ruth; Holtzman, Corinne] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Zansky, Shelley M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Rosen, Jennifer B.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Reingold, Arthur] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Reingold, Arthur] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Scherzinger, Karen] Univ New Mexico, Inst Publ Hlth, Emerging Infect Program, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Emerging Infect Program, Portland, OR USA. [Guevara, Ramon E.; Motala, Tasneem] Cty Los Angeles Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Eason, Jeffrey] Utah Dept Hlth, Bur Epidemiol, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Barnes, Meghan] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Petit, Susan] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Atlanta VA Med Ctr, Med Specialty Care Serv Line, Infect Dis Sect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jorgensen, James H.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Moore, MR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C-25, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM matt.moore@cdc.hhs.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2213-2600 J9 LANCET RESP MED JI Lancet Resp. Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 4 IS 5 BP 399 EP 406 DI 10.1016/S2213-2600(16)00052-7 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA DK7ZL UT WOS:000375145800026 PM 26987984 ER PT J AU Paulozzi, LJ Zhou, C Jones, CM Xu, LK Florence, CS AF Paulozzi, Leonard J. Zhou, Chao Jones, Christopher M. Xu, Likang Florence, Curtis S. TI Changes in the medical management of patients on opioid analgesics following a diagnosis of substance abuse SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Article DE opioid analgesic; substance abuse; overdose; benzodiazepine; buprenorphine; pharmacoepidemiology ID CHRONIC NONCANCER PAIN; IDENTIFY PATIENTS; RISK; THERAPY; DRUG; MISUSE; MODEL; CARE AB PurposeWhen providers recognize that patients are abusing prescription drugs, review of the drugs they are prescribed and attempts to treat the substance use disorder are warranted. However, little is known about whether prescribing patterns change following such a diagnosis. MethodsWe used national longitudinal health claims data from the Market Scan (R) commercial claims database for January 2010-June 2011. We used a cohort of 1.85 million adults 18-64years old prescribed opioid analgesics but without abuse diagnoses during a 6-month preabuse period. We identified a subset of 9009 patients receiving diagnoses of abuse of non-illicit drugs (abuse group) during a 6-month abuse period and compared them with patients without such a diagnosis (nonabuse group) during both the abuse period and a subsequent 6-month postabuse period. ResultsDuring the abuse period 5.78% of the abuse group and 0.14% of the nonabuse group overdosed. Overdose rates declined to 2.12% in the abuse group in the postabuse period. Opioid prescribing rates declined 13.5%, and benzodiazepine rates declined 12.3% in the abuse group in the post-abuse period. Antidepressants and gabapentin were prescribed to roughly one half and one quarter of the abuse group, respectively, during all three periods. Daily opioid dosage did not decline in the abuse group following diagnosis. ConclusionsPrescribing to people who abuse drugs changes little after their abuse is documented. Actions such as tapering opioid and benzodiazepine prescriptions, maximizing alternative treatments for pain, and greater use of medication-assisted treatment such as buprenorphine could help reduce risk in this population. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA C1 [Paulozzi, Leonard J.; Zhou, Chao; Xu, Likang; Florence, Curtis S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jones, Christopher M.] US Dept HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Planning & Evaluat, Washington, DC USA. RP Paulozzi, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. EM Lbp4@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1053-8569 EI 1099-1557 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 25 IS 5 BP 545 EP 552 DI 10.1002/pds.3980 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DL4OA UT WOS:000375615900007 PM 26861165 ER PT J AU Faul, M Aikman, SN Sasser, SM AF Faul, Mark Aikman, Shelley N. Sasser, Scott M. TI BYSTANDER INTERVENTION PRIOR TO THE ARRIVAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES: COMPARING ASSISTANCE ACROSS TYPES OF MEDICAL EMERGENCIES SO PREHOSPITAL EMERGENCY CARE LA English DT Article DE bystander; EMS; rural; cardiac distress; trauma ID CARDIAC-ARREST; DANGEROUS EMERGENCIES; HELPING-BEHAVIOR; RESUSCITATION; SURVIVAL; WELL; CPR AB Objective: To determine the situational circumstances associated with bystander interventions to render aid during a medical emergency. Methods: This study examined 16.2 million Emergency Medical Service (EMS) events contained within the National Emergency Medical Services Information System. The records of patients following a 9-1-1 call for emergency medical assistance were analyzed using logistic regression to determine what factors influenced bystander interventions. The dependent variable of the model was whether or not a bystander intervened. Results: EMS providers recorded bystander assistance 11% of the time. The logistic regression model correctly predicted bystander intervention occurrence 71.4% of the time. Bystanders were more likely to intervene when the patient was male (aOR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.12-1.3) and if the patient was older (progressive aOR = 1.10, 1.46 age group 20-29 through age group 60-99). Bystanders were less likely to intervene in rural areas compared to urban areas (aOR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.58-0.59). The highest likelihood of bystander intervention occurred in a residential institution (aOR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.85-1.86) and the lowest occurred on a street or a highway (aOR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.95-0.96). Using death as a reference group, bystanders were most likely to intervene when the patient had cardiac distress/chest pain (aOR = 11.38, 95% CI = 10.93-11.86), followed by allergic reaction (aOR = 7.63, 95% CI = 7.30-7.99), smoke inhalation (aOR = 6.65, 95% CI = 5.98-7.39), and respiration arrest/distress (aOR = 6.43, 95% CI = 6.17-6.70). A traumatic injury was the most commonly recorded known event, and it was also associated with a relatively high level of bystander intervention (aOR = 5.81, 95% CI = 5.58-6.05). The type of injury/illness that prompted the lowest likelihood of bystander assistance was Sexual Assault/Rape (aOR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.32-1.84) followed by behavioral/psychiatric disorder (aOR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.57-1.71). Conclusion: Bystander intervention varies greatly on situational factors and the type of medical emergency. A higher risk of patient death is likely to prompt bystander action. These novel study results can lead to more effective first aid training programs. C1 [Faul, Mark] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Faul, Mark; Aikman, Shelley N.] Univ North Georgia, Dept Psychol Sci, Gainesville, GA USA. [Sasser, Scott M.] Greenville Hlth Syst, Dept Emergency Med, Greenville, SC USA. RP Faul, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mfaul@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1090-3127 EI 1545-0066 J9 PREHOSP EMERG CARE JI Prehosp. Emerg. Care PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 20 IS 3 BP 317 EP 323 DI 10.3109/10903127.2015.1088605 PG 7 WC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL7NV UT WOS:000375828300002 PM 26807490 ER PT J AU Schofield, TJ Conger, RD Gonzales, JE Merrick, MT AF Schofield, Thomas J. Conger, Rand D. Gonzales, Joseph E. Merrick, Melissa T. TI Harsh parenting, physical health, and the protective role of positive parent-adolescent relationships SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Child maltreatment; Child rearing; Parenting; Safe; Stable nurturing relationships (SSNRs) ID ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; SELF-RATED HEALTH; SOCIAL SUPPORT; INTERGENERATIONAL CONTINUITY; NURTURING RELATIONSHIPS; LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS; FAMILY CONFLICT; MATERNAL-CARE; STRESS; MALTREATMENT AB Rationale: Harsh, abusive and rejecting behavior by parents toward their adolescents is associated with increased risk of many developmental problems for youth. Objective: In the present study we address behaviors of co-parents that might help disrupt the hypothesized health risk of harsh parenting. Method: Data come from a community study of 451 early adolescents followed into adulthood. During early adolescence, observers rated both parents separately on harshness towards the adolescent. Adolescents reported on their physical health at multiple assessments from age 12 through age 20, and on parental warmth. Results: Harsh parenting predicted declines in adolescent self-reported physical health and increases in adolescent body mass index (BMI). Although the health risk associated with harshness from one parent was buffered by warmth from the other parent, warmth from the second parent augmented the association between harshness from the first parent and change over time in adolescent BMI. Conclusion: As appropriate, preventive interventions should include a focus on spousal or partner behaviors in their educational or treatment programs. Additional research is needed on the association between self-reported physical health and BMI in adolescence. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Schofield, Thomas J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Human Dev & Family Studies, Ames, IA USA. [Conger, Rand D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Human Dev, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gonzales, Joseph E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Psychol, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Merrick, Melissa T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schofield, TJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, 1360 Palmer, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM tommy@iastate.edu; rdconger@ucdavis.edu; joegonzales@ucdavis.edu; kcq7@cdc.gov FU Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [HD064687]; National Institute of Mental Health [MH00567, MH19734, MH43270, MH59355, MH62989, MH48165, MH051361]; National Institute on Drug Abuse [DA05347]; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [HD027724, HD051746, HD047573]; Bureau of Maternal and Child Health [MCJ-109572]; MacArthur Foundation Research Network FX This research is currently supported by a grant from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD064687). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the funding agencies. Support for earlier years of the study also came from multiple sources, including the National Institute of Mental Health (MH00567, MH19734, MH43270, MH59355, MH62989, MH48165, MH051361), the National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA05347), the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD027724, HD051746, HD047573), the Bureau of Maternal and Child Health (MCJ-109572), and the MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Successful Adolescent Development Among Youth in High-Risk Settings. Authors report no conflicts of interest. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 157 BP 18 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.03.027 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA DL7GL UT WOS:000375808900003 PM 27060538 ER PT J AU Higa, DH Crepaz, N Mullins, MM AF Higa, Darrel H. Crepaz, Nicole Mullins, Mary M. CA Prevention Res Synth Project TI Identifying Best Practices for Increasing Linkage to, Retention, and Re-engagement in HIV Medical Care: Findings from a Systematic Review, 1996-2014 SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Review DE Linkage to HIV care; Retention in HIV care; Engagement in HIV care; Systematic review; Evidence-based interventions; Best practices ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; VIRAL SUPPRESSION; CASE-MANAGEMENT; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; IMPROVES RETENTION; INFECTED PATIENTS; UNITED-STATES; INTERVENTION; SERVICES AB A systematic review was conducted to identify best practices for increasing linkage, retention and re-engagement in HIV care (LRC) for persons living with HIV (PLWH). Our search strategy consisted of automated searches of electronic databases and hand searches of journals, reference lists and listservs. We developed two sets of criteria: evidence-based to identify evidence-based interventions (EBIs) tested with a comparison group and evidence-informed to identify evidence-informed interventions (EIs) tested with a one-group design. Eligible interventions included being published between 1996 and 2014, U.S.-based studies with a comparison or one-group designs with pre-post data, international randomized controlled trials, and having objective measures of LRC-relevant outcomes. We identified 10 best practices: 5 EBIs and 5 EIs. None focused on re-engagement. Providers and prevention planners can use the review findings to identify best practices suitable for their clinics, agencies, or communities to increase engagement in care for PLWH, ultimately leading to viral suppression. C1 [Higa, Darrel H.; Crepaz, Nicole; Mullins, Mary M.; Prevention Res Synth Project] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS, Prevent Res Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Higa, DH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS, Prevent Res Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM dhiga@cdc.gov NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 EI 1573-3254 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 20 IS 5 BP 951 EP 966 DI 10.1007/s10461-015-1204-x PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA DK3XM UT WOS:000374850700001 PM 26404014 ER PT J AU Hall, HI Tang, T Espinoza, L AF Hall, H. Irene Tang, Tian Espinoza, Lorena TI Late Diagnosis of HIV Infection in Metropolitan Areas of the United States and Puerto Rico SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV; HIV testing; Diagnosis; Delayed diagnosis; Disease stage; CD4 count; AIDS ID CARE AB The majority of persons infected with HIV live in large metropolitan areas and many such areas have implemented intensified HIV testing programs. A national indicator of HIV testing outcomes is late diagnosis of HIV infection (stage 3, AIDS). Based on National HIV Surveillance System data, 23.3 % of persons with HIV diagnosed in 2012 had a late diagnosis in large MSAs, 26.3 % in smaller MSAs, and 29.6 % in non-metropolitan areas. In the 105 large MSAs, the percentage diagnosed late ranged from 13.2 to 47.4 %. During 2003-2012, the percentage diagnosed late decreased in large MSAs (32.2-23.3 %), with significant decreases in 41 of 105 MSAs overall and among men who have sex with men. Sustained testing efforts may help to continue the decreasing trend in late-stage HIV diagnosis and provide opportunities for early care and treatment and potential reduction in HIV transmission. C1 [Hall, H. Irene; Espinoza, Lorena] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,E-47, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Tang, Tian] ICF Int, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hall, HI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,E-47, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ixh1@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 EI 1573-3254 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 20 IS 5 BP 967 EP 972 DI 10.1007/s10461-015-1241-5 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA DK3XM UT WOS:000374850700002 PM 26542730 ER PT J AU Yi, SH Jernigan, JA McDonald, LC AF Yi, Sarah H. Jernigan, John A. McDonald, L. Clifford TI Prevalence of probiotic use among inpatients: A descriptive study of 145 US hospitals SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Probiotic; hospital; prevalence; microbial; Lactobacillus; Saccharomyces; Bifidobacterium; Dietary supplement ID CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE INFECTION; ANTIBIOTIC-ASSOCIATED DIARRHEA; DOUBLE-BLIND; PREVENTION; GUIDELINES; MICROORGANISMS; METAANALYSIS; SAFETY; TRIAL AB Background: To inform clinical guidance, public health efforts, and research directions, probiotic use in U.S. health care needs to be better understood. This work aimed to assess the prevalence of inpatient probiotic use in a sample of U.S. hospitals. Methods: Probiotic use among patients discharged in 2012 was estimated using the Market Scan Hospital Drug Database. In addition, the annual trend in probiotic use (2006-2012) was assessed among a subset of hospitals. Results: Among 145 hospitals with 1,976,167 discharges in 2012, probiotics were used in 51,723 (2.6%) of hospitalizations occurring in 139 (96%) hospitals. Patients receiving probiotics were 9 times more likely to receive antimicrobials (P<.0001) and 21 times more likely to have a Clostridium difficile infection diagnosis (P<.0001). The most common probiotic formulations were Saccharomyces boulardii (32% of patients receiving probiotics), Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus (30%), L acidophilus (28%), and Lactobacillus rhamnosus (11%). Probiotic use increased from 1.0% of 1,090,373 discharges in 2006 to 2.9% of 1,006,051 discharges in 2012 (P<.0001). Conclusions: In this sample of U.S. hospitals, a sizable and growing number of inpatients received probiotics as part of their care despite inadequate evidence to support their use in this population. Additional research is needed to guide probiotic use in the hospital setting. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. C1 [Yi, Sarah H.; Jernigan, John A.; McDonald, L. Clifford] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Yi, SH (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-16, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM sarahyi@cdc.gov FU Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supported through salary funds from the Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 EI 1527-3296 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 44 IS 5 BP 548 EP 553 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.12.001 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DL2RQ UT WOS:000375483200014 PM 26822808 ER PT J AU Heung, M Steffick, DE Zivin, K Gillespie, BW Banerjee, T Hsu, CY Powe, NR Pavkov, ME Williams, DE Saran, R Shahinian, VB AF Heung, Michael Steffick, Diane E. Zivin, Kara Gillespie, Brenda W. Banerjee, Tanushree Hsu, Chi-yuan Powe, Neil R. Pavkov, Meda E. Williams, Desmond E. Saran, Rajiv Shahinian, Vahakn B. CA Ctr Dis Control Prevention CKD Sur TI Acute Kidney Injury Recovery Pattern and Subsequent Risk of CKD: An Analysis of Veterans Health Administration Data SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Renal recovery; acute kidney injury (AKI); AKI outcomes; chronic kidney disease (CKD); acute on chronic kidney disease; kidney function; serum creatinine; renal complications; recovery speed; Veterans Administration (VA) ID ACUTE-RENAL-FAILURE; GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; DISEASE; AKI; OUTCOMES; PROGRESSION; COHORT; DEATH; CARE AB Background: Studies suggest an association between acute kidney injury (AKI) and long-term risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD), even following apparent renal recovery. Whether the pattern of renal recovery predicts kidney risk following AKI is unknown. Study Design: Retrospective cohort. Setting & Participants: Patients in the Veterans Health Administration in 2011 hospitalized (>24 hours) with at least 2 inpatient serum creatinine measurements, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate > 60 mUmin/ 1.73 m(2), and no diagnosis of end-stage renal disease or non dialysis-dependent CKD: 17,049 (16.3%) with and 87,715 without AKI. Predictor: Pattern of recovery to creatinine level within 0.3 mg/dL of baseline after AKI: within 2 days (fast), in 3 to 10 days (intermediate), and no recovery by 10 days (slow or unknown). Outcome: CKD stage 3 or higher, defined as 2 outpatient estimated glomerular filtration rates < 60 mUmin/ 1.73 m2 at least 90 days apart or CKD diagnosis, dialysis therapy, or transplantation. Measurements: Risk for CKD was modeled using modified Poisson regression and time to death-censored CKD was modeled using Cox proportional hazards regression, both stratified by AKI stage. Results: Most patients' AKI episodes were stage 1 (91%) and 71% recovered within 2 days. At 1 year, 18.2% had developed CKD (AKI, 31.8%; non-AKI, 15.5%; P < 0.001). In stage 1, the adjusted relative risk ratios for CKD stage 3 or higher were 1.43 (95% CI, 1.39-1.48), 2.00 (95% CI, 1.88-2.12), and 2.65 (95% CI, 2.512.80) for fast, intermediate, and slow/unknown recovery. A similar pattern was observed in subgroup analyses incorporating albuminuria and sensitivity analysis of death-censored time to CKD. Limitations: Variable timing of follow-up and mostly male veteran cohort may limit generalizability. Conclusions: Patients who develop AKI during a hospitalization are at substantial risk for the development of CKD by 1 year following hospitalization and timing of AKI recovery is a strong predictor, even for the mildest forms of AKI. 2016 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Heung, Michael; Steffick, Diane E.; Gillespie, Brenda W.; Saran, Rajiv; Shahinian, Vahakn B.] Univ Michigan, Kidney Epidemiol & Cost Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Zivin, Kara] Univ Michigan, Dept Psychol, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Zivin, Kara] Ann Arbor Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Banerjee, Tanushree; Hsu, Chi-yuan; Powe, Neil R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Pavkov, Meda E.; Williams, Desmond E.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Heung, M (reprint author), 1500 E Med Ctr Dr,SPC 5364, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM mheung@umich.edu FU CDC [U58DP003836] FX This project was supported under a cooperative agreement from the CDC, grant U58DP003836. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC or VA. Drs Pavkov and Williams are employed by the sponsor and had roles in study design and execution as co-authors on this manuscript. This work was supported in part with resources and the use of facilities at the VA Ann Arbor Healthcare Center. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 EI 1523-6838 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 67 IS 5 BP 742 EP 752 DI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.10.019 PG 11 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA DK3WZ UT WOS:000374849400413 PM 26690912 ER PT J AU Albertus, P Bragg-Gresham, J Morgenstern, H Powe, N Hsu, CY Burrows, NR Pavkov, ME Saran, R AF Albertus, P. Bragg-Gresham, J. Morgenstern, H. Powe, N. Hsu, C. Y. Burrows, N. R. Pavkov, M. E. Saran, R. TI OBESITY AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD) IN THE US, 2007-2012 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Spring Clinical Meetings of the National-Kidney Foundation CY APR 27-MAY 01, 2016 CL Boston, MA SP Natl Kidney Fdn C1 UM KECC, Ann Arbor, MI USA. UCSF, San Francisco, CA USA. CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 EI 1523-6838 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 67 IS 5 MA 15 BP A22 EP A22 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA DK3WZ UT WOS:000374849400016 ER PT J AU Bragg-Gresham, JL Gillespie, B Shahinian, V Powe, N Tuot, D Saran, R AF Bragg-Gresham, J. L. Gillespie, B. Shahinian, V. Powe, N. Tuot, D. Saran, R. TI ALBUMINURIA - A NEGLECTED PREDICTOR OF MORTALITY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Spring Clinical Meetings of the National-Kidney Foundation CY APR 27-MAY 01, 2016 CL Boston, MA SP Natl Kidney Fdn C1 UM KECC, Ann Arbor, MI USA. UCSF, San Francisco, CA USA. CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 EI 1523-6838 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 67 IS 5 MA 45 BP A30 EP A30 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA DK3WZ UT WOS:000374849400046 ER PT J AU Lake, J Kulkarni, P Mehr, J Nguyen, D Rudowski, E Gualandi, N Hamilton, L Forbi, J Vaughan, G Xia, GL Moorman, A Tan, T Patel, P AF Lake, Jason Kulkarni, Prathit Mehr, Jason Nguyen, Duc Rudowski, Ellen Gualandi, Nicole Hamilton, Lindsay Forbi, Joseph Vaughan, Gilberto Xia, Guoliang Moorman, Anne Tan, Tina Patel, Priti TI IMPROVING INFECTION CONTROL IN HEMODIALYSIS CENTERS AFTER ACUTE HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTIONS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Spring Clinical Meetings of the National-Kidney Foundation CY APR 27-MAY 01, 2016 CL Boston, MA SP Natl Kidney Fdn C1 [Lake, Jason; Kulkarni, Prathit; Nguyen, Duc; Gualandi, Nicole; Forbi, Joseph; Vaughan, Gilberto; Xia, Guoliang; Moorman, Anne; Patel, Priti] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kulkarni, Prathit; Mehr, Jason; Rudowski, Ellen; Hamilton, Lindsay; Tan, Tina] New Jersey State Dept Hlth, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 EI 1523-6838 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 67 IS 5 MA 188 BP A65 EP A65 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA DK3WZ UT WOS:000374849400189 ER PT J AU Lyman, M Nguyen, D Shugart, A Gruhler, H Lines, C Patel, P AF Lyman, Meghan Duc Nguyen Shugart, Alicia Gruhler, Heidi Lines, Christi Patel, Priti TI INFECTION RISK RELATED TO BUTTONHOLE CANNULATION OF FISTULAS: DATA FROM THE NATIONAL HEALTHCARE SAFETY NETWORK SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Spring Clinical Meetings of the National-Kidney Foundation CY APR 27-MAY 01, 2016 CL Boston, MA SP Natl Kidney Fdn C1 [Lyman, Meghan; Duc Nguyen; Shugart, Alicia; Gruhler, Heidi; Lines, Christi; Patel, Priti] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 EI 1523-6838 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 67 IS 5 MA 200 BP A68 EP A68 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA DK3WZ UT WOS:000374849400201 ER PT J AU Grajewski, B Rocheleau, CM Lawson, CC Johnson, CY AF Grajewski, Barbara Rocheleau, Carissa M. Lawson, Christina C. Johnson, Candice Y. TI "Will my work affect my pregnancy?" Resources for anticipating and answering patients' questions SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE occupational safety and health; pregnancy; reproductive health ID REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; INFORMATION-SEEKING; CHEMICALS; EXPOSURE AB BACKGROUND: Authoritative information on occupational reproductive hazards is scarce and complex because exposure levels vary, multiple exposures may be present, and the reproductive toxicity of many agents remains unknown. For these reasons, women's health providers may find it challenging to effectively address workplace reproductive health issues with their patients who are pregnant, breast-feeding, or considering pregnancy. Reproductive epidemiologists at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health answered >200 public requests for occupational reproductive health information during 2009 through 2013. The most frequent occupations represented were health care (41%) and laboratory work (18%). The most common requests for exposure information concerned solvents (14%), anesthetic gases (10%), formaldehyde (7%), infectious agents in laboratories (7%) or health care settings (7%), and physical agents (14%), including ionizing radiation (6%). Information for developing workplace policies or guidelines was sought by 12% of the requestors. Occupational exposure effects on breast-feeding were an increasing concern among working women. Based on information developed in response to these requestors, information is provided for discussing workplace exposures with patients, assessing potential workplace reproductive hazards, and helping patients determine the best options for safe work in pregnancy. Appendices provide resources to address specific occupational exposures, employee groups, personal protective equipment, breast-feeding, and workplace regulations regarding work and pregnancy. These tools can help identify those most at risk of occupational reproductive hazards and improve workers' reproductive health. The information can also be used to inform research priorities and assist the development of workplace reproductive health policies. C1 [Grajewski, Barbara; Rocheleau, Carissa M.; Lawson, Christina C.; Johnson, Candice Y.] NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Johnson, Candice Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Grajewski, B (reprint author), NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM bgrajewski1@gmail.com NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 EI 1097-6868 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 214 IS 5 BP 597 EP 602 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.03.005 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA DL2GR UT WOS:000375452100006 PM 26976559 ER PT J AU Muehlenbachs, A Bollweg, BC Schulz, TJ Forrester, JD Carnes, MD Molins, C Ray, GS Cummings, PM Ritter, JM Blau, DM Andrew, TA Prial, M Ng, DL Prahlow, JA Sanders, JH Shieh, WJ Paddock, CD Schriefer, ME Mead, P Zaki, SR AF Muehlenbachs, Atis Bollweg, Brigid C. Schulz, Thadeus J. Forrester, Joseph D. Carnes, Marlene DeLeon Molins, Claudia Ray, Gregory S. Cummings, Peter M. Ritter, Jana M. Blau, Dianna M. Andrew, Thomas A. Prial, Margaret Ng, Dianna L. Prahlow, Joseph A. Sanders, Jeanine H. Shieh, Wun Ju Paddock, Christopher D. Schriefer, Martin E. Mead, Paul Zaki, Sherif R. TI Cardiac Tropism of Borrelia burgdorferi An Autopsy Study of Sudden Cardiac Death Associated with Lyme Carditis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ERYTHEMA CHRONICUM MIGRANS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; DISEASE SPIROCHETE; UNITED-STATES; LYMPHOCYTOMA CUTIS; DECORIN; INFECTION; PATIENT; PROTEOGLYCANS; MYOCARDITIS AB Fatal Lyme carditis caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi rarely is identified. Here, we describe the pathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular findings of five case patients. These sudden cardiac deaths associated with Lyme carditis occurred from late summer to fall, ages ranged from young adult to late 40s, and four patients were men. Autopsy tissue samples were evaluated by light microscopy, Warthin-Starry stain, immunohistochemistry, and PCR for B. burgdorferi, and immunohistochemistry for complement components C4d and C9, CD3, CD79a, and decorin. Post-mortem blood was tested by serology. Interstitial lymphocytic pancarditis in a relatively characteristic road map distribution was present in all cases. Cardiomyocyte necrosis was minimal, T cells outnumbered B cells, plasma cells were prominent, and mild fibrosis was present. Spirochetes in the cardiac interstitium associated with collagen fibers and co-localized with decorin. Rare spirochetes were seen in the leptomeninges of two cases by immunohistochemistry. Spirochetes were not seen in other organs examined, and joint tissue was not available for evaluation. Although rare, sudden cardiac death caused by Lyme disease might be an under recognized entity and is characterized by pancarditis and marked tropism of spirochetes for cardiac tissues. C1 [Muehlenbachs, Atis; Bollweg, Brigid C.; Carnes, Marlene DeLeon; Ritter, Jana M.; Blau, Dianna M.; Ng, Dianna L.; Sanders, Jeanine H.; Shieh, Wun Ju; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schulz, Thadeus J.; Ray, Gregory S.] CryoLife Inc, Kennesaw, GA USA. [Forrester, Joseph D.; Molins, Claudia; Schriefer, Martin E.; Mead, Paul] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Cummings, Peter M.] Off Chief Med Examiner, Boston, MA USA. [Andrew, Thomas A.] Off Chief Med Examiner, Concord, NH USA. [Prial, Margaret] Off Med Examiner, Goshen, NY USA. [Prahlow, Joseph A.] Med Fdn, South Bend, IN USA. [Prahlow, Joseph A.] Indiana Univ Sch Med South Bend, South Bend, IN USA. [Paddock, Christopher D.] Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Rickettsial Zoonot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Muehlenbachs, A (reprint author), CDC, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G32, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM vkd6@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 73 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9440 EI 1525-2191 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 186 IS 5 BP 1195 EP 1205 DI 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.12.027 PG 11 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA DL0PJ UT WOS:000375334700012 PM 26968341 ER PT J AU Barnack-Tavlaris, JL Serpico, JR Ahluwalia, M Ports, KA AF Barnack-Tavlaris, Jessica L. Serpico, Jessica R. Ahluwalia, Monisha Ports, Katie A. TI "I have human papillomavirus": An analysis of illness narratives from the Experience Project SO APPLIED NURSING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Sexual health; Stigma; Coping and adaptation; Illness and disease; Experiences ID PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT; CERVICAL-CANCER; YOUNG-ADULTS; WOMEN; HPV; KNOWLEDGE; ATTITUDES; BLOGS; STIGMA; DISCLOSURE AB Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted virus worldwide. Our purpose was to examine people's experiences with HPV using narratives posted on a website entitled, Experience Project. Method: We conducted a content analysis of 127 HPV narratives to identify stigma, emotion-focused and problem-focused coping, and misinformation. Results: Negative self-image was the most commonly identified type of stigma. There were more instances of problem-focused than emotion-focused coping. Sources of confusion were mostly about HPV treatment and side effects/symptoms. Conclusions: These findings have implications for how nurses and other health professionals can care for individuals living with HPV. Based on these findings, it would be beneficial for clinics/providers to implement on-line forums where myths about HPV can be debunked and accurate information provided. Both patients and the public need to be better informed about HPV, in order to decrease the negative stigma that can create a mental burden for individuals with HPV. (c) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Barnack-Tavlaris, Jessica L.; Serpico, Jessica R.; Ahluwalia, Monisha] Coll New Jersey, Dept Psychol, POB 7718,2000 Pennington Rd, Ewing, NJ 08628 USA. [Ports, Katie A.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Social & Behav Hlth, 821 West Franklin St, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Serpico, Jessica R.] Long Isl Univ, Dept Phys Therapy, Brooklyn, NY USA. [Ahluwalia, Monisha] Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat Psychol & Neurosci, Dept Psychol, Hlth Psychol Sect, London WC2R 2LS, England. [Ports, Katie A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Barnack-Tavlaris, JL (reprint author), Coll New Jersey, Dept Psychol, POB 7718,2000 Pennington Rd, Ewing, NJ 08628 USA. EM tavlarij@tcnj.edu FU National Cancer Institute [R25CA093423] FX This research was supported by Award Number R25CA093423 from the National Cancer Institute. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Cancer Institute or the National Institutes of Health. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0897-1897 EI 1532-8201 J9 APPL NURS RES JI Appl. Nurs. Res. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 30 BP 137 EP 141 DI 10.1016/j.apnr.2015.08.003 PG 5 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA DL0RM UT WOS:000375340300025 PM 27091268 ER PT J AU Garnett, E Townsend, J Steele, B Watson, M AF Garnett, Erin Townsend, Julie Steele, Brooke Watson, Meg TI Characteristics, rates, and trends of melanoma incidence among Hispanics in the USA SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Melanoma incidence rates; Melanoma incidence trends; Melanoma histology; Melanoma stage; Anatomic location of melanoma; Hispanics ID CUTANEOUS MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; ACRAL LENTIGINOUS MELANOMA; PREVENT SKIN-CANCER; UNITED-STATES; SUN EXPOSURE; RISK-FACTORS; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; OUTDOOR WORKERS; BEHAVIORS; ACCULTURATION AB The purpose of this study is to describe the epidemiology of melanoma among Hispanics using data that cover nearly 100 % of the US population. The study used population-based cancer incidence data from the National Program of Cancer Registries and the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program to examine melanoma incidence rates and trends among Hispanics by sex, age, race, histology, anatomic location, stage, and tumor thickness. From 2008 to 2012, 6,623 cases of melanoma were diagnosed among Hispanics. Rates were higher among males (4.6) than among females (4.0), but females younger than age 55 had higher rates than males. The most common histologic subtype was superficial spreading melanoma (23 %). Melanomas with poorer outcomes, such as nodular (NM) and acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM), were more common among males. Hispanic females had the highest proportion of melanoma on the lower limb and hip (33.7 %), while Hispanic males had the highest proportion on the trunk (29.9 %). Incidence rates for later-stage diagnosis and thicker tumors were significantly higher among Hispanic men than among women. Incidence rates decreased significantly during 2003-2012 (AAPC = -1.4). Clinicians and public health practitioners will need to reach the growing Hispanic population in the USA with strategies for primary prevention and early diagnosis of melanoma. Results suggest Hispanics and providers need education to increase awareness about the characteristics of melanoma among Hispanics, including types that occur on non-sun-exposed areas (ALM and NM). Skin cancer prevention and awareness interventions targeting Hispanics should be culturally relevant. C1 [Garnett, Erin; Townsend, Julie] Adv Technol Logist Inc, Newnan, GA USA. [Townsend, Julie; Steele, Brooke; Watson, Meg] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE MS F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Townsend, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE MS F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jtownsend@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 EI 1573-7225 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD MAY PY 2016 VL 27 IS 5 BP 647 EP 659 DI 10.1007/s10552-016-0738-1 PG 13 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK3YC UT WOS:000374852300006 PM 27021339 ER PT J AU Turkevich, LA Fernback, J Dastidar, AG Osterberg, P AF Turkevich, Leonid A. Fernback, Joseph Dastidar, Ashok G. Osterberg, Paul TI Potential explosion hazard of carbonaceous nanoparticles: screening of allotropes SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Explosion hazard; Dust; Carbon; Nanoparticle; Nanomaterials ID SPECTROMETRIC EQUILIBRIUM MEASUREMENTS; IGNITION ENERGY; DUST EXPLOSIONS; MASS-PRODUCTION; EXPLOSIBILITY; VAPOR; RECOMMENDATIONS; SUBLIMATION; NANOTUBES; MIXTURES AB There is a concern that engineered carbon nanoparticles, when manufactured on an industrial scale, will pose an explosion hazard. Explosion testing has been performed on 20 codes of carbonaceous powders. These include several different codes of SWCNTs (single-walled carbon nanotubes), MWCNTs (multi-walled carbon nanotubes) and CNFs (carbon nanofibers), graphene, diamond, fullerene, as well as several different control carbon blacks and graphites. Explosion screening was performed in a 20 L explosion chamber (ASTM E1226 protocol), at a concentration of 500 g/m(3), using a 5 kJ ignition source. Time traces of overpressure were recorded. Samples typically exhibited overpressures of 5-7 bar, and deflagration index K-St = V-1/3 (dP/dt)(max) similar to 10-80 bar m/s, which places these materials in European Dust Explosion Class St-1. There is minimal variation between these different materials. The explosive characteristics of these carbonaceous powders are uncorrelated with primary particle size (BET specific surface area). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Combustion Institute. C1 [Turkevich, Leonid A.; Fernback, Joseph] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 1090 Tusculum Ave,MS-R7, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Dastidar, Ashok G.; Osterberg, Paul] Fauske & Associates LLC, 16W070 83rd St, Burr Ridge, IL 60527 USA. RP Turkevich, LA (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 1090 Tusculum Ave,MS-R7, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM LLTO@cdc.gov FU NIOSH Nanotechnology Research Center FX This work was supported through the NIOSH Nanotechnology Research Center. We especially thank Paul Schulte (NIOSH) for the prescient recognition of the potential explosion hazard posed by these materials and for the encouragement of this research. NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 EI 1556-2921 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD MAY PY 2016 VL 167 BP 218 EP 227 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.02.010 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DK3FQ UT WOS:000374802900018 PM 27468178 ER PT J AU Buckley, JP Engel, SM Braun, JM Whyatt, RM Daniels, JL Mendez, MA Richardson, DB Xu, YY Calafat, AM Wolff, MS Lanphear, BP Herring, AH Rundle, AG AF Buckley, Jessie P. Engel, Stephanie M. Braun, Joseph M. Whyatt, Robin M. Daniels, Julie L. Mendez, Michelle A. Richardson, David B. Xu, Yingying Calafat, Antonia M. Wolff, Mary S. Lanphear, Bruce P. Herring, Amy H. Rundle, Andrew G. TI Prenatal Phthalate Exposures and Body Mass Index Among 4-to 7-Year-old Children: A Pooled Analysis SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BISPHENOL-A; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; US POPULATION; UNITED-STATES; BIRTH COHORT; HUMAN URINE; IN-UTERO; CHILDHOOD; OBESITY; METABOLITES AB Background: Phthalates are hypothesized to cause obesity, but few studies have assessed whether prenatal phthalate exposures are related to childhood body mass index (BMI). Methods: We included 707 children from three prospective cohort studies enrolled in the US between 1998 and 2006 who had maternal urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations measured during pregnancy, and measures of weight and height at ages 4 to 7 years. We calculated age- and sex-standardized BMI z scores and classified children with BMI percentiles 85 as overweight/obese. We used mixed effects regression models to estimate associations between a 1 standard deviation increase in natural log phthalate metabolite concentrations and BMI z scores and overweight/obesity. We estimated associations in multiple metabolite models adjusted for confounders, and evaluated heterogeneity of associations by child's sex, race/ethnicity, and cohort. Results: Mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate concentrations were positively associated with overweight/obese status in children (odds ratio [95% credible interval] = 2.1 [1.2, 4.0]) but not with BMI z scores ( = -0.02 [-0.15, 0.11]). We did not observe evidence of obesogenic effects for other metabolites. However, monoethyl phthalate and summed di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites (Sigma DEHP) concentrations were inversely associated with BMI z scores among girls (monoethyl phthalate beta = -0.14 [-0.28, 0.00]; Sigma DEHP beta = -0.12 [-0.27, 0.02]). Conclusions: Maternal urinary mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate, a nonspecific metabolite of several phthalates, was positively associated with childhood overweight/obesity. Metabolites of diethyl phthalate and DEHP were associated with lower BMI in girls but not in boys, suggesting that prenatal exposures may have sexually dimorphic effects on physical development. C1 [Buckley, Jessie P.; Engel, Stephanie M.; Daniels, Julie L.; Richardson, David B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Braun, Joseph M.] Brown Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Brown Univ Sch Publ Hlth, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Whyatt, Robin M.; Rundle, Andrew G.] Columbia Univ, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Columbia Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Mendez, Michelle A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Xu, Yingying] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Gen & Community Pediat, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wolff, Mary S.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Community & Prevent Med, New York, NY USA. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] BC Childrens & Womens Hosp, Child & Family Res Inst, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Herring, Amy H.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Herring, Amy H.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Rundle, Andrew G.] Columbia Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. RP Buckley, JP (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, CB 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM jessbuck@unc.edu RI Rundle, Andrew/A-5282-2009 OI Rundle, Andrew/0000-0003-0211-7707 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R21ES021700]; NIEHS [T32 ES007018, ES020619, ES009584, P50 ES09600, RO1 ES013543, RO1 ES08977, RO1 ES11158, P30ES10126]; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [T32-HD052468-05]; US EPA [R827039, RD831711, R827027, R82860901]; AT SDR; New York Community Trust; Irving General Clinical Research Center [RR00645]; Bauman Family Foundation; Gladys and Roland Harriman Foundation; Hansen Foundation; W. Alton Jones Foundation; Educational Foundation of America; New York Times Company Foundation; Rockefeller Financial Services; Horace W. Smith Foundation; Beldon Fund; John Merck Fund; V. Kann Rasmussen Foundation; NIEHS/EPA [PO1 ES11261] FX Supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under Award Number R21ES021700. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. JPB was supported by training grants from NIEHS (T32 ES007018) and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (T32-HD052468-05). AHH was supported by a grant from NIEHS (ES020619). The Mount Sinai Children's Environmental Health Study was supported by grants from NIEHS (ES009584), US EPA (R827039 and RD831711), AT SDR, and The New York Community Trust. The Columbia Children's Environmental Health Center was supported by grants from NIEHS (P50 ES09600, RO1 ES013543, RO1 ES08977, RO1 ES11158), US EPA (R827027, R82860901), Irving General Clinical Research Center (Grant RR00645), Bauman Family Foundation, Gladys and Roland Harriman Foundation, Hansen Foundation, W. Alton Jones Foundation, New York Community Trust, Educational Foundation of America, New York Times Company Foundation, Rockefeller Financial Services, Horace W. Smith Foundation, Beldon Fund, John Merck Fund, New York Community Trust, and V. Kann Rasmussen Foundation. The Cincinnati HOME Study was supported by NIEHS (P30ES10126) and NIEHS/EPA (PO1 ES11261). NR 45 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 8 U2 19 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD MAY PY 2016 VL 27 IS 3 BP 449 EP 458 DI 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000436 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK2XI UT WOS:000374777300036 PM 26745610 ER PT J AU Nakaggwa, P Odeke, R Kirenga, BJ Bloss, E AF Nakaggwa, P. Odeke, R. Kirenga, B. J. Bloss, E. TI Incomplete sputum smear microscopy monitoring among smear-positive tuberculosis patients in Uganda SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; monitoring; sputum smear; Uganda AB SETTING: All 11 tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic and treatment units in Kyankwanzi and Kiboga Districts in Uganda. OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency of, factors associated with and barriers related to incomplete antituberculosis treatment sputum monitoring. DESIGN: Data were abstracted from anti-tuberculosis treatment and laboratory registers of sputum smear positive patients who started treatment between January 2009 and December 2011 in the study districts. Patients missing documentation for any smear results at 2 or 3, 5, and 6 or 8 months were classified as having incomplete monitoring. Health providers and patients were interviewed about barriers to sputum monitoring. RESULTS: Overall, 272 (55%) of 492 patients had incomplete monitoring: 16% (78/492) at 2 or 3 months, 39% (181/465) at 5 months and 28% (119/428) at 6 or 8 months of treatment. More sputum results were recorded in laboratory than in TB treatment registers. Incomplete monitoring was significantly associated with being male, living in Kyankwanzi District and not receiving directly observed treatment. Patients' inability to produce sputum, long laboratory waiting times, and insufficient patient and provider education were primary reasons for incomplete monitoring. CONCLUSION: Over half of patients missed at least one smear result during treatment, which has implications for treatment monitoring and treatment outcomes in Uganda. C1 [Nakaggwa, P.] Uganda Natl TB & Leprosy Programme, Kyankwanzi Dist, Entebbe, Uganda. [Odeke, R.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Entebbe, Uganda. [Kirenga, B. J.] Makerere Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Div Pulm Med, Kampala, Uganda. [Bloss, E.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Odeke, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1577 Ggaba Rd,Nsambya,POB 7007, Kampala, Uganda. EM hmn0@cdc.gov OI Kirenga, Bruce/0000-0002-2023-2840 FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Atlanta, GA, USA) through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID; Washington DC, USA) FX This project was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Atlanta, GA, USA) through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID; Washington DC, USA). Some authors from this publication are employed by the CDC. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 EI 1815-7920 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 20 IS 5 BP 594 EP 599 DI 10.5588/ijtld.15.0591 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA DK9GR UT WOS:000375239400007 PM 27084811 ER PT J AU Johnson, MG Stout, JE Benator, DA Whitworth, WC Holland, DP AF Johnson, M. G. Stout, J. E. Benator, D. A. Whitworth, W. C. Holland, D. P. TI Medium matters: modeling the impact of solid medium performance on tuberculosis trial sample size requirements SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium tuberculosis; clinical trials; mathematical modeling; microbiology ID CULTURE; SYSTEM AB SETTING: Two-month solid medium culture conversion is a commonly used, if suboptimal, endpoint for phase 2 anti-tuberculosis treatment trials. OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: To model the effect of the performance characteristics (sensitivity and contamination rate) of solid medium on required sample size for a two-arm clinical trial with 85% true (gold standard) culture conversion in the control and 95% in the experimental arm. RESULTS: Increasing sensitivity and decreasing contamination reduced the sample size from 239 subjects/arm (60% sensitivity, 30% contamination) to 138 subjects/arm (95% sensitivity, 1% contamination). CONCLUSION: Optimizing solid medium has significant potential to reduce sample size and increase the efficiency of tuberculosis clinical trials. C1 [Johnson, M. G.; Stout, J. E.; Holland, D. P.] Duke Univ, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Benator, D. A.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, 50 Irving St NW, Washington, DC 20422 USA. [Benator, D. A.] George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Whitworth, W. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Clin Res Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Holland, D. P.] Emory Univ, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Stout, JE (reprint author), Duke Univ, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. EM jason.stout@dm.duke.edu OI Stout, Jason/0000-0002-6698-8176 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Tuberculosis Trials Consortium (TBTC) FX The authors would like to thank the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Tuberculosis Trials Consortium (TBTC) for their support. The findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 EI 1815-7920 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 20 IS 5 BP 600 EP 604 DI 10.5588/ijtld.15.0570 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA DK9GR UT WOS:000375239400008 PM 27084812 ER PT J AU Steiner, RJ Liddon, N Swartzendruber, AL Rasberry, CN Sales, JM AF Steiner, Riley J. Liddon, Nicole Swartzendruber, Andrea L. Rasberry, Catherine N. Sales, Jessica M. TI Long-Acting Reversible Contraception and Condom Use Among Female US High School Students Implications for Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevention SO JAMA PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID RISK BEHAVIOR SURVEILLANCE; UNITED-STATES; LEVONORGESTREL IMPLANTS; HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION; ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; DUAL PROTECTION; ADOLESCENTS; WOMEN; YOUNG; PREGNANCY AB IMPORTANCE Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC), specifically intrauterine devices and implants, offers an unprecedented opportunity to reduce unintended pregnancies among adolescents because it is highly effective even with typical use. However, adolescent LARC users may be less likely to use condoms for preventing sexually transmitted infections compared with users of moderately effective contraceptivemethods (ie, oral, Depo-Provera injection, patch, and ring contraceptives). OBJECTIVE To compare condom use between sexually active female LARC users and users of moderately effective contraceptivemethods. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Cross-sectional analysis using data from the 2013 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey, a nationally representative sample of US high school students in grades 9 through 12. Descriptive analyses were conducted among sexually active female students (n = 2288); logistic regression analyses were restricted to sexually active female users of LARC and moderately effective contraception (n = 619). The analyses were conducted in July and August 2015. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Contraceptive method at last sexual intercourse was assessed by 1 item-respondents could select birth control pills; condoms; an intrauterine device or implant; injection, patch, or ring; withdrawal or other method; or not sure. A separate item asked whether respondents used a condom at last sexual intercourse. We created an indicator variable to distinguish those reporting use of (1) LARC (intrauterine device or implant), (2) oral contraceptives, and (3) Depo-Provera, patch, or ring. RESULTS Among the 2288 sexually active female participants (56.7% white; 33.6% in 12th grade), 1.8% used LARC; 5.7% used Depo-Provera, patch, or ring; 22.4% used oral contraceptives; 40.8% used condoms; 11.8% used withdrawal or other method; 15.7% used no contraceptive method; and 1.9% were not sure. In adjusted analyses, LARC users were about 60% less likely to use condoms compared with oral contraceptive users (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR], 0.42; 95% CI, 0.21-0.84). No significant differences in condom use were observed between LARC users and Depo-Provera injection, patch, or ring users (aPR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.26-1.25). The LARC users were more than twice as likely to have 2 or more recent sexual partners compared with oral contraceptive users (aPR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.75-3.90) and Depo-Provera, patch, or ring users (aPR, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.17-5.67). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Observed differences in condom use may reflect motivations to use condoms for backup pregnancy prevention. Users of highly effective LARC methods may no longer perceive a need for condoms even if they have multiple sexual partners, which places them at risk for sexually transmitted infections. As uptake of LARC increases among adolescents, a clear need exists to incorporate messages about condom use specifically for sexually transmitted infection prevention. C1 [Steiner, Riley J.; Liddon, Nicole; Rasberry, Catherine N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-75, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Swartzendruber, Andrea L.; Sales, Jessica M.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Steiner, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-75, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM rsteiner@cdc.gov FU National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [F32 AA022058]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01DP003894] FX Dr Swartzendruber was supported by grant F32 AA022058 from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Dr Sales was supported in part by grant U01DP003894 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6203 EI 2168-6211 J9 JAMA PEDIATR JI JAMA Pediatr. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 170 IS 5 BP 428 EP 434 DI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.0007 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DK9YJ UT WOS:000375287800012 PM 26974492 ER PT J AU Skoff, TH Martin, SW AF Skoff, Tami H. Martin, Stacey W. TI Impact of Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid, and Acellular Pertussis Vaccinations on Reported Pertussis Cases Among Those 11 to 18 Years of Age in an Era of Waning Pertussis Immunity A Follow-up Analysis SO JAMA PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID WHOLE-CELL; VACCINE EFFECTIVENESS; UNITED-STATES; TDAP; IMMUNIZATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ADOLESCENTS; WASHINGTON; TEENAGERS AB IMPORTANCE There is accumulating literature on waning acellular pertussis vaccine-induced immunity, confirming the results of studies assessing the duration of protection of pertussis vaccines. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine's effect over time among those 11 to 18 years old, while accounting for the transition from whole-cell to acellular pertussis vaccines for the childhood primary series. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Extended, retrospective analysis of reported pertussis cases between January 1, 1990, and December 31, 2014, in the United States. The analysis included all nationally reported pertussis cases. EXPOSURE US Tdap vaccination program and the transition from whole-cell to acellular pertussis vaccines. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Rate ratios of reported pertussis incidence (defined as incidence among 11- to 18-year-old individuals divided by the combined incidence in all other age groups) modeled with segmented regression analysis and age-specific trends in reported pertussis incidence over time. RESULTS Between 1990 and 2014, 356 557 pertussis cases were reported in the United States. Of those, 191 914 (53.8%) were female and 240 665 (67.5%) were white. Overall incidence increased from 1.7 in 100 000 to 4.0 in 100 000 between 1990 and 2003, while latter years were dominated by epidemic peaks. Incidence was highest among infants younger than 1 year throughout the analysis period. Pertussis rates were comparable among all other age groups until the late 2000s, when an increased burden of pertussis emerged among children 1 to 10 years old, resulting in the second highest age-specific incidence. By 2014, 11- to 18-year-old individuals once again had the second highest incidence. While slope coefficients from segmented regression analysis showed a positive impact of Tdap immediately following introduction (slope, -0.4959; P < .001), a reversal in trends was observed in 2010 when rates of disease among 11-to 18-year-old individuals increased at a faster rate than all other age groups combined (slope, 0.5727; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE While the impact of Tdap among adolescents looked promising following vaccine introduction, our extended analysis found that trends in adolescent disease were abruptly reversed in 2010, corresponding directly to the aging of acellular pertussis-vaccinated cohorts. Despite the apparent limitations of Tdap, it remains the best prevention against disease in adolescents. C1 [Skoff, Tami H.; Martin, Stacey W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-25, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Skoff, TH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-25, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM tlh9@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6203 EI 2168-6211 J9 JAMA PEDIATR JI JAMA Pediatr. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 170 IS 5 BP 453 EP 458 DI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.4875 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DK9YJ UT WOS:000375287800015 PM 27018748 ER PT J AU Dynes, M Tison, L Johnson, C Verani, A Zuber, A Riley, PL AF Dynes, Michelle Tison, Laura Johnson, Carla Verani, Andre Zuber, Alexandra Riley, Patricia L. TI Regulatory Advances in 11 Sub-Saharan Countries in Year 3 of the African Health Profession Regulatory Collaborative for Nurses and Midwives (ARC) SO JANAC-JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF NURSES IN AIDS CARE LA English DT Article DE Africa; HIV; human resources for health; midwifery; nursing; regulation ID ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; PRIMARY-CARE AB Sub-Saharan Africa carries the greatest burden of the HIV pandemic. Enhancing the supply and use of human resources through policy and regulatory reform is a key action needed to improve the quality of HIV services in this region. In year 3 of the African Health Profession Regulatory Collaborative for Nurses and Midwives (ARC), a President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief initiative, 11 country teams of nursing and midwifery leaders ("Quads'') received small grants to carry out regulatory improvement projects. Four countries advanced a full stage on the Regulatory Function Framework (RFF), a staged capability maturity model used to evaluate progress in key regulatory functions. While the remaining countries did not advance a full stage on the RFF, important gains were noted. The year-3 evaluation highlighted limitations of the ARC evaluation strategy to capture nuanced progress and provided insight into how the RFF might be adapted for future use. C1 [Dynes, Michelle] CDC, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV & TB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tison, Laura; Johnson, Carla; Verani, Andre] CDC, Div Global HIV & TB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zuber, Alexandra] CDC, Div Global HIV & TB, Hlth Syst & Human Resources Team, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Riley, Patricia L.] CDC, Div Global HIV & TB, Hlth Syst & Program Integrat Team, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dynes, M (reprint author), CDC, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV & TB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mdynes@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U36, E000002-02]; United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief FX The African Health Profession Regulatory Collaborative for Nurses and Midwives (ARC) is funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Cooperative Agreement #5U36) E000002-02), with support from the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief. Carla Johnson is a member of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care Global HIV Nursing Committee. The authors report no other real or perceived vested interests that relate to this article that could be construed as a conflict of interest. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1055-3290 EI 1552-6917 J9 J ASSOC NURSE AIDS C JI J. Assoc. Nurses Aids Care PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 27 IS 3 BP 285 EP 296 DI 10.1016/j.jana.2015.11.004 PG 12 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA DK6XT UT WOS:000375069800010 PM 27086189 ER PT J AU Zheng, ZY Yabroff, KR Guy, GP Han, XS Li, CY Banegas, MP Ekwueme, DU Jemal, A AF Zheng, Zhiyuan Yabroff, K. Robin Guy, Gery P., Jr. Han, Xuesong Li, Chunyu Banegas, Matthew P. Ekwueme, Donatus U. Jemal, Ahmedin TI Annual Medical Expenditure and Productivity Loss Among Colorectal, Female Breast, and Prostate Cancer Survivors in the United States SO JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Article ID ECONOMIC BURDEN; HEALTH-CARE; COSTS; PROJECTIONS; STATISTICS; AGREEMENT; OUTCOMES; IMPACT; ADULTS; COLON AB Background: There are limited nationally representative estimates of the annual economic burden among survivors of the three most prevalent cancers (colorectal, female breast, and prostate) in both nonelderly and elderly populations in the United States. Methods: The 2008 to 2012 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data were used to identify colorectal (n = 540), female breast (n = 1568), and prostate (n = 1170) cancer survivors and individuals without a cancer history (n = 109 423). Excess economic burden attributable to cancer included per-person excess annual medical expenditures and productivity losses (employment disability, missed work days, and days stayed in bed). All analyses were stratified by cancer site and age (nonelderly: 18-64 years vs elderly: = 65 years). Multivariable analyses controlled for age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, education, number of comorbidities, and geographic region. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Compared with individuals without a cancer history, cancer survivors experienced annual excess medical expenditures (for the nonelderly population, colorectal: $8647, 95% confidence interval [CI] = $4932 to $13 974, P<.001; breast: $5119, 95% CI = $3439 to $7158, P<.001; prostate: $3586, 95% CI = $1792 to $6076, P<.001; for the elderly population, colorectal: $4913, 95% CI = $2768 to $7470, P<.001; breast: $2288, 95% CI = $814 to $3995, P=.002; prostate: $3524, 95% CI = $1539 to $5909, P<.001). Nonelderly colorectal and breast cancer survivors experienced statistically significant annual excess employment disability (13.6%, P<.001, and 4.8%, P=.001) and productivity loss at work (7.2 days, P<.001, and 3.3 days, P=.002) and at home (4.5 days, P<.001, and 3.3 days, P=.003). In contrast, elderly survivors of all three cancer sites had comparable productivity losses as those without a cancer history. Conclusions: Colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer survivors experienced statistically significantly higher economic burden compared with individuals without a cancer history; however, excess economic burden varies by cancer site and age. Targeted efforts will be important in reducing the economic burden of colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer. C1 [Zheng, Zhiyuan; Han, Xuesong; Jemal, Ahmedin] Amer Canc Soc, Surveillance & Hlth Serv Res Program, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Yabroff, K. Robin] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Guy, Gery P., Jr.; Li, Chunyu; Ekwueme, Donatus U.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Banegas, Matthew P.] Kaiser Permanente, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. RP Zheng, ZY (reprint author), Amer Canc Soc Inc, Surveillance & Hlth Serv Res, 250 Williams St, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM jason.zheng@cancer.org NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0027-8874 EI 1460-2105 J9 JNCI-J NATL CANCER I JI JNCI-J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 108 IS 5 AR djv382 DI 10.1093/jnci/djv382 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA DL1PQ UT WOS:000375404600019 ER PT J AU Cuffe, KM Newton-Levinson, A Gift, TL McFarlane, M Leichliter, JS AF Cuffe, Kendra M. Newton-Levinson, Anna Gift, Thomas L. McFarlane, Mary Leichliter, Jami S. TI Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Among Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Adolescent; Barriers to care; Confidentiality; Health insurance; Patient-doctor interaction; STIs; Testing behaviors ID FORGONE HEALTH-CARE; SERVICES; CONFIDENTIALITY; CHLAMYDIA; BARRIERS; WOMEN; WILLINGNESS; GIRLS AB Purpose: Persons aged 15-25 years have high sexually transmitted infection (STI) rates and suboptimal screening. There has been limited research analyzing barriers to STI testing at a national level. We examined STI testing among 15-25 year olds and reasons for not testing. Methods: We used data from a national survey of youth. Bivariate and multivariable analyses examined differences in testing behaviors by demographics, separately by sex. Among sexually experienced respondents who reported never being tested, health system-related reasons for not testing were examined in bivariate and multivariable analyses. Results: Females (16.6%) were more likely to have ever been tested compared with males (6.1%, p <.01) in the last 12 months. Among sexually experienced respondents who were never tested, 41.8% did not seek testing because they felt they were not at risk for STIs. Males (60.1%) had significantly higher reports of foregoing testing for confidentiality reasons compared with females (39.9%, p <.01). Non-Hispanic whites (44.9%) the highest reports of this compared with other ethnic/racial groups (p <.01). Conclusions: This national-level study found that most of the 15-25 year olds never received an STI test. In addition, confidentiality concerns may deter youth from seeking STI testing. Appropriate strategies to minimize these concerns may be useful. Potential strategies to ameliorate these issues may include engaging clinicians who frequently serve adolescents and young adults to address confidentiality issues with youth patients. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. C1 [Cuffe, Kendra M.; Newton-Levinson, Anna; Gift, Thomas L.; McFarlane, Mary; Leichliter, Jami S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-02, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Cuffe, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-02, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM kcuffe@cdc.gov OI Newton-Levinson, Anna/0000-0002-3152-9711 NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD MAY PY 2016 VL 58 IS 5 BP 512 EP 519 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.01.002 PG 8 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA DK8DY UT WOS:000375158600004 PM 26987687 ER PT J AU Fitzgerald, C Patrick, M Gonzalez, A Akin, J Polage, CR Wymore, K Gillim-Ross, L Xavier, K Sadlowski, J Monahan, J Hurd, S Dahlberg, S Jerris, R Watson, R Santovenia, M Mitchell, D Harrison, C Tobin-D'Angelo, M DeMartino, M Pentella, M Razeq, J Leonard, C Jung, C Achong-Bowe, R Evans, Y Jain, D Juni, B Leano, F Robinson, T Smith, K Gittelman, RM Garrigan, C Nachamkin, I AF Fitzgerald, Collette Patrick, Mary Gonzalez, Anthony Akin, Joshua Polage, Christopher R. Wymore, Kate Gillim-Ross, Laura Xavier, Karen Sadlowski, Jennifer Monahan, Jan Hurd, Sharon Dahlberg, Suzanne Jerris, Robert Watson, Renee Santovenia, Monica Mitchell, David Harrison, Cassandra Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa DeMartino, Mary Pentella, Michael Razeq, Jafar Leonard, Celere Jung, Carrianne Achong-Bowe, Ria Evans, Yaaqobah Jain, Damini Juni, Billie Leano, Fe Robinson, Trisha Smith, Kirk Gittelman, Rachel M. Garrigan, Charles Nachamkin, Irving CA Campylobacter Diagnostics Study TI Multicenter Evaluation of Clinical Diagnostic Methods for Detection and Isolation of Campylobacter spp. from Stool SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; RAPID DETECTION; PCR ASSAY; SPECIMENS; CULTURE; SURVEILLANCE; PATHOGENS; BACTERIAL; COLI; IDENTIFICATION AB The use of culture-independent diagnostic tests (CIDTs), such as stool antigen tests, as standalone tests for the detection of Campylobacter in stool is increasing. We conducted a prospective, multicenter study to evaluate the performance of stool antigen CIDTs compared to culture and PCR for Campylobacter detection. Between July and October 2010, we tested 2,767 stool specimens from patients with gastrointestinal illness with the following methods: four types of Campylobacter selective media, four commercial stool antigen assays, and a commercial PCR assay. Illnesses from which specimens were positive by one or more culture media or at least one CIDT and PCR were designated "cases." A total of 95 specimens (3.4%) met the case definition. The stool antigen CIDTs ranged from 79.6% to 87.6% in sensitivity, 95.9 to 99.5% in specificity, and 41.3 to 84.3% in positive predictive value. Culture alone detected 80/89 (89.9% sensitivity) Campylobacter jejuni/Campylobacter coli-positive cases. Of the 209 noncases that were positive by at least one CIDT, only one (0.48%) was positive by all four stool antigen tests, and 73% were positive by just one stool antigen test. The questionable relevance of unconfirmed positive stool antigen CIDT results was supported by the finding that noncases were less likely than cases to have gastrointestinal symptoms. Thus, while the tests were convenient to use, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of Campylobacter stool antigen tests were highly variable. Given the relatively low incidence of Campylobacter disease and the generally poor diagnostic test characteristics, this study calls into question the use of commercially available stool antigen CIDTs as standalone tests for direct detection of Campylobacter in stool. C1 [Fitzgerald, Collette; Patrick, Mary; Santovenia, Monica; Mitchell, David; Harrison, Cassandra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gonzalez, Anthony; Akin, Joshua] Sacramento Cty Publ Hlth Lab, Sacramento, CA USA. [Polage, Christopher R.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Wymore, Kate] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Gillim-Ross, Laura; Xavier, Karen; Sadlowski, Jennifer] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Monahan, Jan] Exempla St Joseph Hosp, Denver, CO USA. [Hurd, Sharon] Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Dahlberg, Suzanne] Yale New Haven Med Ctr, 20 York St, New Haven, CT 06504 USA. [Jerris, Robert; Watson, Renee] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [DeMartino, Mary; Pentella, Michael] Univ Iowa, State Hygien Lab, Iowa City, IA USA. [Razeq, Jafar; Leonard, Celere; Jung, Carrianne; Achong-Bowe, Ria; Evans, Yaaqobah; Jain, Damini] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Juni, Billie; Leano, Fe; Robinson, Trisha; Smith, Kirk] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Gittelman, Rachel M.; Garrigan, Charles; Nachamkin, Irving] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Fitzgerald, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM chf3@cdc.gov FU Association for Public Health Laboratories FX We thank the Association for Public Health Laboratories for funding this study. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 54 IS 5 BP 1209 EP 1215 DI 10.1128/JCM.01925-15 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DK5JH UT WOS:000374955700009 PM 26962088 ER PT J AU Cooley, GM Mitja, O Goodhew, B Pillay, A Lammie, PJ Castro, A Moses, P Chen, C Ye, T Ballard, R Martin, DL AF Cooley, Gretchen M. Mitja, Oriol Goodhew, Brook Pillay, Allan Lammie, Patrick J. Castro, Arnold Moses, Penias Chen, Cheng Ye, Tun Ballard, Ronald Martin, Diana L. TI Evaluation of Multiplex-Based Antibody Testing for Use in Large-Scale Surveillance for Yaws: a Comparative Study SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POTENTIAL USE; SYPHILIS; CHILDREN; ASSAY; SERODIAGNOSIS; SPECIFICITY; SENSITIVITY; TMPA AB WHO has targeted yaws for global eradication by 2020. The program goals are to interrupt the transmission in countries where yaws is endemic and to certify countries as yaws free where yaws was endemic in the past. No new rapid plasmin reagin (RPR) seroreactivity in young children is required for certification of elimination at a country level. We sought to evaluate whether antibody responses to specific treponemal antigens measured in a high-throughput multiplex bead array (MBA) assay differentiate past versus current infection and whether a nontreponemal lipoidal antigen test can be incorporated into the MBA. Serum and dried blood spot specimens collected for yaws surveillance projects in Ghana, Vanuatu, and Papua New Guinea (PNG) were run on MBA to measure antibodies against recombinant p17 (rp17) and treponemal membrane protein A (TmpA) treponemal antigens. Results were compared to standard treponemal laboratory (TPPA or TPHA [TPP(H) A]) and quantitative RPR test data. Of 589 specimens, 241 were TPP(H) A(+)/RPR+, 88 were TPP(H) A(+)/RPR+, 6 were TPP(H) A(+)/RPR-, and 254 were negative for both tests. Compared to TPP(H) A, reactive concordance of rp17 was 93.7%, while reactive concordance of TmpA was only 81.9%. TmpA-specific reactivity showed good correlation with RPR titers (R-2 = 0.41; P<0.0001). IgG responses to the lipoidal antigen used in RPR testing (cardiolipin) were not detected in the MBA. Our results suggest that TmpA can be used as a treponemal antigen marker for recent or active infection and potentially replace RPR in a high-throughput multiplex tool for large-scale yaws surveillance. C1 [Cooley, Gretchen M.; Goodhew, Brook; Pillay, Allan; Lammie, Patrick J.; Castro, Arnold; Chen, Cheng; Ye, Tun; Ballard, Ronald; Martin, Diana L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mitja, Oriol; Moses, Penias] Int SOS, Lihir Med Ctr, Newcrest Min, Lihir Island, Papua N Guinea. [Mitja, Oriol] Univ Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. [Goodhew, Brook] Univ Miami, Miami, FL USA. RP Martin, DL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM hzx3@cdc.gov OI Mitja, Oriol/0000-0003-3266-8868 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funding for serological studies was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 54 IS 5 BP 1321 EP 1325 DI 10.1128/JCM.02572-15 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DK5JH UT WOS:000374955700024 PM 26962086 ER PT J AU du Plessis, M Allam, M Tempia, S Wolter, N de Gouveia, L von Mollendorf, C Jolley, KA Mbelle, N Wadula, J Cornick, JE Everett, DB McGee, L Breiman, RF Gladstone, RA Bentley, SD Klugman, KP von Gottberg, A AF du Plessis, Mignon Allam, Mushal Tempia, Stefano Wolter, Nicole de Gouveia, Linda von Mollendorf, Claire Jolley, Keith A. Mbelle, Nontombi Wadula, Jeannette Cornick, Jennifer E. Everett, Dean B. McGee, Lesley Breiman, Robert F. Gladstone, Rebecca A. Bentley, Stephen D. Klugman, Keith P. von Gottberg, Anne TI Phylogenetic Analysis of Invasive Serotype 1 Pneumococcus in South Africa, 1989 to 2013 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE TYPING DATA; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CONJUGATE VACCINE; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CLONES; CHILDREN; MENINGITIS AB Serotype 1 is an important cause of invasive pneumococcal disease in South Africa and has declined following the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 2011. We genetically characterized 912 invasive serotype 1 isolates from 1989 to 2013. Simpson's diversity index (D) and recombination ratios were calculated. Factors associated with sequence types (STs) were assessed. Clonal complex 217 represented 96% (872/912) of the sampled isolates. Following the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), ST diversity increased in children < 5 years (D, 0.39 to 0.63, P = 0.002) and individuals > 14 years (D, 0.35 to 0.54, P < 0.001): ST-217 declined proportionately in children < 5 years (153/203 [75%] versus 21/37 [57%], P = 0.027) and individuals > 14 years (242/305 [79%] versus 96/148 [65%], P = 0.001), whereas ST-9067 increased (4/684 [0.6%] versus 24/228 [11%], P < 0.001). Three subclades were identified within ST-217: ST-217(C1) (353/382 [92%]), ST-217(C2) (15/382 [4%]), and ST-217(C3) (14/382 [4%]). ST-217(C2), ST-217(C3), and single-locus variant (SLV) ST-8314 (20/912 [2%]) were associated with nonsusceptibility to chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and co-trimoxazole. ST-8314 (20/912 [2%]) was also associated with increased nonsusceptibility to penicillin (P < 0.001). ST-217(C3) and newly reported ST-9067 had higher recombination ratios than those of ST-217(C1) (4.344 versus 0.091, P < 0.001; and 0.086 versus 0.013, P < 0.001, respectively). Increases in genetic diversity were noted post-PCV13, and lineages associated with antimicrobial nonsusceptibility were identified. C1 [du Plessis, Mignon; Allam, Mushal; Tempia, Stefano; Wolter, Nicole; de Gouveia, Linda; von Mollendorf, Claire; von Gottberg, Anne] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Ctr Resp Dis & Meningitis, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Johannesburg, South Africa. [du Plessis, Mignon; Wolter, Nicole; Klugman, Keith P.; von Gottberg, Anne] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Pathol, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Tempia, Stefano] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tempia, Stefano] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Program, Pretoria, South Africa. [von Mollendorf, Claire] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Jolley, Keith A.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, S Parks Rd, Oxford, England. [Mbelle, Nontombi] Tshwane Acad Hosp, Dept Med Microbiol, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Pretoria, South Africa. [Wadula, Jeannette] Chris Hani Baragwanath Acad Hosp, Dept Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Wadula, Jeannette] Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Cornick, Jennifer E.; Everett, Dean B.] Univ Liverpool, Inst Infect & Global Hlth, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Cornick, Jennifer E.; Everett, Dean B.] Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clin Res Programm, Blantyre, Malawi. [McGee, Lesley] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Streptococcus Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Breiman, Robert F.] Emory Univ, Emory Global Hlth Inst, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Gladstone, Rebecca A.; Bentley, Stephen D.] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Pathogen Genom, Hinxton, England. [Klugman, Keith P.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Klugman, Keith P.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP du Plessis, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Ctr Resp Dis & Meningitis, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Johannesburg, South Africa. EM mignond@nicd.ac.za OI du Plessis, Mignon/0000-0001-9186-0679 FU Pfizer Vaccines Reseach (IIR) [WS116752]; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1034556, OPP1023440] FX This work, including the efforts of Mignon du Plessis, Nicole Wolter, and Anne von Gottberg, was funded by Pfizer Vaccines Reseach (IIR #WS116752). This work, including the efforts of Mignon du Plessis, Mushal Allam, Nicole Wolter, Linda de Gouveia, Jennifer Cornick, Dean Everett, Lesley McGee, Robert F. Breiman, Rebecca A Gladstone, Stephen Bentley, Keith P Klugman, and Anne von Gottberg, was funded by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1034556 and OPP1023440). NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 54 IS 5 BP 1326 EP 1334 DI 10.1128/JCM.00055-16 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DK5JH UT WOS:000374955700025 PM 26962082 ER PT J AU Stromdahl, EY Nadolny, RM Gibbons, JA Auckland, LD Vince, MA Elkins, CE Murphy, MP Hickling, GJ Eshoo, MW Carolan, HE Crowder, CD Pilgard, MA Hamer, SA AF Stromdahl, Ellen Y. Nadolny, Robyn M. Gibbons, Jennifer A. Auckland, Lisa D. Vince, Mary A. Elkins, Chad E. Murphy, Michael P. Hickling, Graham J. Eshoo, Mark W. Carolan, Heather E. Crowder, Chris D. Pilgard, Mark A. Hamer, Sarah A. TI Borrelia burgdorferi Not Confirmed in Human-Biting Amblyomma americanum Ticks from the Southeastern United States (vol 53, pg 1698, 2015) SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Stromdahl, Ellen Y.; Nadolny, Robyn M.; Vince, Mary A.; Elkins, Chad E.; Murphy, Michael P.] US Army Publ Hlth Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Nadolny, Robyn M.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Gibbons, Jennifer A.] US Army Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Gibbons, Jennifer A.] Sci & Technol Corp, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. [Auckland, Lisa D.; Hamer, Sarah A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Integrat Biosci, College Stn, TX USA. [Hickling, Graham J.] Univ Tennessee, Inst Agr, Ctr Wildlife Hlth, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. [Eshoo, Mark W.; Carolan, Heather E.; Crowder, Chris D.] Ibis Biosci, Carlsbad, CA USA. [Pilgard, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Stromdahl, EY (reprint author), US Army Publ Hlth Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 54 IS 5 BP 1406 EP 1406 DI 10.1128/JCM.00527-16 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DK5JH UT WOS:000374955700042 PM 27114565 ER PT J AU Jackson, KA Stroika, S Katz, LS Beal, J Brandt, E Nadon, C Reimer, A Major, B Conrad, A Tarr, C Jackson, BR Mody, RK AF Jackson, K. A. Stroika, S. Katz, L. S. Beal, J. Brandt, E. Nadon, C. Reimer, A. Major, B. Conrad, A. Tarr, C. Jackson, B. R. Mody, R. K. TI Use of Whole Genome Sequencing and Patient Interviews To Link a Case of Sporadic Listeriosis to Consumption of Prepackaged Lettuce SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Lettuce; Listeriosis; Whole genome sequencing ID UNITED-STATES; MONOCYTOGENES; TRANSMISSION; FOOD AB We report on a case of listeriosis in a patient who probably consumed a prepackaged romaine lettuce-containing product recalled for Listeria monocyto genes contamination. Although definitive epidemiological information demonstrating exposure to the specific recalled product was lacking, the patient reported consumption of a prepackaged romaine lettuce-containing product of either the recalled brand or a different brand. A multinational investigation found that patient and food isolates from the recalled product were indistinguishable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and were highly related by whole genome sequencing, differing by four alleles by whole genome multilocus sequence typing and by five high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms, suggesting a common source. To our knowledge, this is the first time prepackaged lettuce has been identified as a likely source for listeriosis. This investigation highlights the power of whole genome sequencing, as well as the continued need for timely and thorough epidemiological exposure data to identify sources of foodborne infections. C1 [Jackson, K. A.; Stroika, S.; Katz, L. S.; Conrad, A.; Tarr, C.; Jackson, B. R.; Mody, R. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Beal, J.] US FDA, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. [Brandt, E.] Ohio Dept Hlth Lab, 8995 East Main St,Bldg 22, Reynoldsburg, OH 43068 USA. [Nadon, C.; Reimer, A.] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, 1015 Arlington St, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada. [Major, B.] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Greater Toronto Area Lab, 2301 Midland Ave, Scarborough, ON M1P 4R7, Canada. [Conrad, A.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, 4 Execut Pk East NE,Suite 355, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Jackson, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM KAJackson1@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 79 IS 5 BP 806 EP 809 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-15-384 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA DL2UM UT WOS:000375490700016 PM 27296429 ER PT J AU Schleicher, RL Sternberg, MR Looker, AC Yetley, EA Lacher, DA Sempos, CT Taylor, CL Durazo-Arvizu, RA Maw, KL Chaudhary-Webb, M Johnson, CL Pfeiffer, CM AF Schleicher, Rosemary L. Sternberg, Maya R. Looker, Anne C. Yetley, Elizabeth A. Lacher, David A. Sempos, Christopher T. Taylor, Christine L. Durazo-Arvizu, Ramon A. Maw, Khin L. Chaudhary-Webb, Madhulika Johnson, Clifford L. Pfeiffer, Christine M. TI National Estimates of Serum Total 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Metabolite Concentrations Measured by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry in the US Population during 2007-2010 SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE NHANES; 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3; 25-hydroxyvitamin D-2; C3-epimer of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3; LC-MS/MS ID VITAMIN-D STATUS; C-3 EPIMER; 3-EPI-25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D-3; REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE; STANDARD REFERENCE; CLINICAL-PRACTICE; NUTRITION SURVEY; WHITE AMERICANS; D DEFICIENCY; ADULTS AB Background: The 2007-2010 NHANES provides the first US nationally representative serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations measured by standardized liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Objective: We describe patterns for total 25(OH)D and individual metabolites in persons aged >= 1 y stratified by race-ethnicity and grouped by demographic, intake, physiologic, and lifestyle variables. Methods: We measured 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D-3], 25-hydroxyergocalciferol [25(OH)D-2], and C3-epimer of 25(OH)D-3 [C3-epi-25(OH)D-3] in serum samples (n = 15,652) from the 2007-2010 cross-sectional NHANES [total 25(OH)D = 25(OH)D-3 + 25(OH)D-2]. Results: Concentrations (median, detection rate) of 25(OH)D-3 (63.6 nmol/L, 100%) and C3-epi-25(OH)D-3 (3.40 nmol/L, 86%) were generally detectable; 25(OH)D-2 was detectable in 19% of the population. Total 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D-3, and C3-epi-25(OH)D-3 displayed similar demographic patterns and were strongly correlated (Spearman's r > 0.70). Concentrations of 25(OH)D-2 (90th percentile) were much higher in persons aged >= 60 y (17.3 nmol/L) than in younger age groups (<= 4.88 nmol/L). We noted significant race-ethnicity differences in mean total 25(OH)D [non-Hispanic blacks (NHBs), Hispanics, and non-Hispanic whites (NHWs): 46.6, 57.2, and 75.2 nmol/L, respectively] and in the prevalence of total 25(OH)D <30 nmol/L overall (24% of NHBs, 6.4% of Hispanics, and 2.3% of NHWs) as well as stratified by season (winter months: 30% of NHBs, 7.5% of Hispanics, and 3.8% of NHWs; summer months: 17% of NHBs, 4.4% of Hispanics, and 1.6% of NHWs). Persons with higher vitamin D intakes (diet, supplements, or both) and those examined during May-October had significantly higher total 25(OH)D. Significant race-ethnicity interactions in a multiple linear regression model confirmed the necessity of providing race-ethnicity-specific estimates of total 25(OH)D. Conclusions: Race-ethnicity differences in the prevalence of low total 25(OH)D remained strong even after adjustment for season to account for the NHANES design imbalance between season, latitude, and race-ethnicity. The strong correlation between C3-epi-25(OH)D-3 and 25(OH)D-3 may be because the epimer is a metabolite of 25(OH)D-3 The presence of 25(OH)D-2 mainly in older persons is likely a result of high-dose prescription vitamin D-2. C1 [Schleicher, Rosemary L.; Sternberg, Maya R.; Maw, Khin L.; Chaudhary-Webb, Madhulika; Pfeiffer, Christine M.] CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Looker, Anne C.; Lacher, David A.; Johnson, Clifford L.] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Yetley, Elizabeth A.; Sempos, Christopher T.; Taylor, Christine L.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Durazo-Arvizu, Ramon A.] Loyola Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RP Pfeiffer, CM (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cpfeiffer@cdc.gov FU Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH FX Data collection and laboratory analyses of vitamin D were supported by funding from the Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH. NR 63 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 9 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 146 IS 5 BP 1051 EP 1061 DI 10.3945/jn.115.227728 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DL0VA UT WOS:000375349500017 PM 27052537 ER PT J AU Lin, CJ Nowalk, MP Zimmerman, RK Moehling, KK Conti, T Allred, NJ Reis, EC AF Lin, Chyongchiou Jeng Nowalk, Mary Patricia Zimmerman, Richard K. Moehling, Krissy K. Conti, Tracey Allred, Norma J. Reis, Evelyn C. TI Reducing Racial Disparities in Influenza Vaccination Among Children With Asthma SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC HEALTH CARE LA English DT Article DE Asthma; racial disparities; children; influenza vaccine ID CLUSTER RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; IMMUNIZATION; TOOLKIT; ADULTS AB Introduction: A multifaceted intervention to raise influenza vaccination rates was tested among children with asthma. Methods: In a pre/post study design, 18 primary care practices implemented the 4 Pillars Immunization Toolkit along with other strategies. The primary outcome was the difference in influenza vaccination rates at each practice among children with asthma between the baseline year (before the intervention) and at the end of year 2 (after the intervention), both overall and by race (White vs. non-White). Results: Influenza vaccination rates increased significantly in 13 of 18 practices. The percentage of vaccinated non-White children increased from 46% to 61% (p < .01), and the percentage of vaccinated White children increased from 58% to 65% (p < .001). Likelihood of vaccination was significantly lower for non-White children before the intervention (odds ratio = 0.66; 95% confidence interval = 0.59-0.73; p < .001), but this difference was eliminated after the intervention (odds ratio = 0.95; 95% confidence interval = 0.85-1.05; p = .289). Discussion: A multi-strategy, evidence-based intervention significantly increased influenza vaccination uptake and reduced racial disparities among children with asthma. C1 [Lin, Chyongchiou Jeng; Nowalk, Mary Patricia; Zimmerman, Richard K.; Moehling, Krissy K.; Conti, Tracey] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Family Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Allred, Norma J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Reis, Evelyn C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Nowalk, MP (reprint author), Dept Family Med, 3518 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM tnowalk@pitt.edu OI Zimmerman, Richard/0000-0001-5941-6092 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01 IP000321]; National Institutes of Health [UL1 RR024153, UL1TR000005] FX This investigation was supported by grant U01 IP000321 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The project described was also supported by the National Institutes of Health through grants UL1 RR024153 and UL1TR000005. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5245 EI 1532-656X J9 J PEDIATR HEALTH CAR JI J. Pediatr. Health Care PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 30 IS 3 BP 208 EP 215 DI 10.1016/j.pedhc.2015.06.006 PG 8 WC Health Policy & Services; Nursing; Pediatrics SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Nursing; Pediatrics GA DL2CK UT WOS:000375440200007 PM 26254743 ER PT J AU Immergluck, LC Parker, TC Jain, S Laghaie, E Spandorfer, P Jerris, RC Bowen, MD Parashar, UD Cortese, MM AF Immergluck, Lilly Cheng Parker, Trisha Chan Jain, Shabnam Laghaie, Elham Spandorfer, Philip Jerris, Robert C. Bowen, Michael D. Parashar, Umesh D. Cortese, Margaret M. TI Sustained Effectiveness of Monovalent and Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccines in Children SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE UTILIZATION; UNITED-STATES; US CHILDREN; RISK-FACTORS; GASTROENTERITIS; HOSPITALIZATION; SURVEILLANCE; VACCINATION; PREVENTION; DIARRHEA AB Objective Using case-control methodology, we measured the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the 2-dose monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1) and 3-dose pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) series given in infancy against rotavirus disease resulting in hospital emergency department or inpatient care. Study design Children were eligible for enrollment if they presented to any 1 of 3 hospitals in Atlanta, Georgia with diarrhea <= 10 days duration during January-June 2013 and were born after RV1 introduction. Stool samples were tested for rotavirus by enzyme immunoassay and immunization records were obtained from providers and the state electronic immunization information system. Case-subjects (children testing rotavirus antigen-positive) were compared with children testing rotavirus antigen-negative. Results Overall, 98 rotavirus-case subjects and 175 rotavirus-negative controls were enrolled. Genotype G12P[8] predominated (n = 87, 89%). The VE of 2 RV1 doses was 84% (95% CI 38, 96) among children aged 8-23 months and 82% (95% CI 41, 95) among children aged >= 24 months. For the same age groups, the VE of 3 RV5 doses was 80% (95% CI 27, 95) and 87% (95% CI 22, 98), respectively. Conclusions Under routine use, the RV1 and RV5 series were both effective against moderate-to-severe rotavirus disease during a G12P[8] season, and both vaccines demonstrated sustained protection beyond the first 2 years of life. C1 [Immergluck, Lilly Cheng; Parker, Trisha Chan; Laghaie, Elham] Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, 720 Westview Dr, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Immergluck, Lilly Cheng; Parker, Trisha Chan; Laghaie, Elham] Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Biochem, 720 Westview Dr, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Immergluck, Lilly Cheng; Parker, Trisha Chan; Laghaie, Elham] Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Immunol, 720 Westview Dr, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Immergluck, Lilly Cheng; Parker, Trisha Chan; Laghaie, Elham] Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Pediat, 720 Westview Dr, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Immergluck, Lilly Cheng; Parker, Trisha Chan; Laghaie, Elham] Morehouse Sch Med, Clin Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Immergluck, Lilly Cheng; Jain, Shabnam; Jerris, Robert C.] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jain, Shabnam] Emory Univ, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Spandorfer, Philip] Pediat Emergency Med Associates, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jerris, Robert C.] Emory Univ, Dept Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Bowen, Michael D.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Cortese, Margaret M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Immergluck, LC (reprint author), Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, 720 Westview Dr, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA.; Immergluck, LC (reprint author), Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Biochem, 720 Westview Dr, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA.; Immergluck, LC (reprint author), Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Immunol, 720 Westview Dr, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA.; Immergluck, LC (reprint author), Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Pediat, 720 Westview Dr, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. EM limmergluck@msm.edu FU Emerging Infections program through Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50CK000196-02]; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities [R25MD007589]; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of National Institutes of Health [UL1TR000454] FX Supported by the Emerging Infections program, funded through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U50CK000196-02). L.I. was supported by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (R25MD007589) and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000454). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 172 BP 116 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.01.042 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DK8WP UT WOS:000375209600021 PM 26935786 ER PT J AU Ding, Y Thompson, JD Kobrynski, L Ojodu, J Zarbalian, G Grosse, SD AF Ding, Yao Thompson, John D. Kobrynski, Lisa Ojodu, Jelili Zarbalian, Guisou Grosse, Scott D. TI Cost-Effectiveness/Cost-Benefit Analysis of Newborn Screening for Severe Combined Immune Deficiency in Washington State SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID SEVERE COMBINED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY; STEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION; ECONOMIC EVALUATIONS; GENE-THERAPY; LYMPHOPENIA; EXPERIENCE; DIAGNOSIS; CHILDREN AB Objective To evaluate the expected cost-effectiveness and net benefit of the recent implementation of newborn screening (NBS) for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) in Washington State. Study design We constructed a decision analysis model to estimate the costs and benefits of NBS in an annual birth cohort of 86 600 infants based on projections of avoided infant deaths. Point estimates and ranges for input variables, including the birth prevalence of SCID, proportion detected asymptomatically without screening through family history, screening test characteristics, survival rates, and costs of screening, diagnosis, and treatment were derived from published estimates, expert opinion, and the Washington NBS program. We estimated treatment costs stratified by age of identification and SCID type (with or without adenosine deaminase deficiency). Economic benefit was estimated using values of $4.2 and $9.0 million per death averted. We performed sensitivity analyses to evaluate the influence of key variables on the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of net direct cost per life-year saved. Results Our model predicts an additional 1.19 newborn infants with SCID detected preclinically through screening, in addition to those who would have been detected early through family history, and 0.40 deaths averted annually. Our base-case model suggests an ICER of $35 311 per life-year saved, and a benefit-cost ratio of either 5.31 or 2.71. Sensitivity analyses found ICER values <$100 000 and positive net benefit for plausible assumptions on all variables. Conclusions Our model suggests that NBS for SCID in Washington is likely to be cost-effective and to show positive net economic benefit. C1 [Ding, Yao; Ojodu, Jelili; Zarbalian, Guisou] Assoc Publ Hlth Labs, Newborn Screening & Genet, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Thompson, John D.] Washington State Dept Hlth, Off Newborn Screening, Shoreline, WA USA. [Kobrynski, Lisa] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Allergy, Atlanta, GA USA. [Grosse, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mail Stop E-87, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mail Stop E-87, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sgrosse@cdc.gov OI Grosse, Scott/0000-0003-1078-6855 FU Perkin Elmer, Inc [100-210-14] FX Y.D. was supported by Perkin Elmer, Inc through an unrestricted fellowship grant to the Association of Public Health Laboratories (100-210-14). Perkin Elmer, Inc sells instruments, reagents, and services to screening laboratories, but did not contribute to the study design, analysis or interpretation of data, the writing of the report, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Association of Public Health Laboratories, and the Washington State Department of Health. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 59 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 6 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 172 BP 127 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.01.029 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DK8WP UT WOS:000375209600023 PM 26876279 ER PT J AU Belser, JA Creager, HM Sun, XJ Gustin, KM Jones, T Shieh, WJ Maines, TR Tumpey, TM AF Belser, Jessica A. Creager, Hannah M. Sun, Xiangjie Gustin, Kortney M. Jones, Tara Shieh, Wun-Ju Maines, Taronna R. Tumpey, Terrence M. TI Mammalian Pathogenesis and Transmission of H7N9 Influenza Viruses from Three Waves, 2013-2015 SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIVE POULTRY MARKETS; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; A(H7N9) VIRUS; RECEPTOR-BINDING; AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION; OCULAR TROPISM; OCTOBER 2013; A VIRUSES; 3RD WAVE; H5 HA AB Three waves of human infection with H7N9 influenza viruses have concluded to date, but only viruses within the first wave (isolated between March and September 2013) have been extensively studied in mammalian models. While second-and third-wave viruses remain closely linked phylogenetically and antigenically, even subtle molecular changes can impart critical shifts in mammalian virulence. To determine if H7N9 viruses isolated from humans during 2013 to 2015 have maintained the phenotype first identified among 2013 isolates, we assessed the ability of first-, second-, and third-wave H7N9 viruses isolated from humans to cause disease in mice and ferrets and to transmit among ferrets. Similar to first-wave viruses, H7N9 viruses from 2013 to 2015 were highly infectious in mice, with lethality comparable to that of the well-studied A/Anhui/1/2013 virus. Second-and third-wave viruses caused moderate disease in ferrets, transmitted efficiently to cohoused, naive contact animals, and demonstrated limited transmissibility by respiratory droplets. All H7N9 viruses replicated efficiently in human bronchial epithelial cells, with subtle changes in pH fusion threshold identified between H7N9 viruses examined. Our results indicate that despite increased genetic diversity and geographical distribution since their initial detection in 2013, H7N9 viruses have maintained a pathogenic phenotype in mammals and continue to represent an immediate threat to public health. C1 [Belser, Jessica A.; Creager, Hannah M.; Sun, Xiangjie; Gustin, Kortney M.; Maines, Taronna R.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jones, Tara; Shieh, Wun-Ju] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Creager, Hannah M.] Emory Univ, USA Microbiol & Mol Genet Grad Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Tumpey, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. EM tft9@cdc.gov FU HHS \ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This work was funded by HHS vertical bar Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 62 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 90 IS 9 BP 4647 EP 4657 DI 10.1128/JVI.00134-16 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA DK7SG UT WOS:000375125400035 PM 26912620 ER PT J AU McAuley, AJ Torres, M Plante, JA Huang, CYH Bente, DA Beasley, DWC AF McAuley, Alexander J. Torres, Maricela Plante, Jessica A. Huang, Claire Y. -H. Bente, Dennis A. Beasley, David W. C. TI Recovery of West Nile Virus Envelope Protein Domain III Chimeras with Altered Antigenicity and Mouse Virulence SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID BORNE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; VACCINE STRAIN SA14-14-2; YELLOW-FEVER-VIRUS; NEW-YORK STRAIN; DENGUE-VIRUS; JAPANESE-ENCEPHALITIS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; NEUTRALIZING EPITOPES; ANTIBODY RECOGNITION; MOSQUITO CELLS AB Flaviviruses are positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses responsible for millions of human infections annually. The envelope (E) protein of flaviviruses comprises three structural domains, of which domain III (EIII) represents a discrete subunit. The EIII gene sequence typically encodes epitopes recognized by virus-specific, potently neutralizing antibodies, and EIII is believed to play a major role in receptor binding. In order to assess potential interactions between EIII and the remainder of the E protein and to assess the effects of EIII sequence substitutions on the antigenicity, growth, and virulence of a representative flavivirus, chimeric viruses were generated using the West Nile virus (WNV) infectious clone, into which EIIIs from nine flaviviruses with various levels of genetic diversity from WNV were substituted. Of the constructs tested, chimeras containing EIIIs from Koutango virus (KOUV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), and Bagaza virus (BAGV) were successfully recovered. Characterization of the chimeras in vitro and in vivo revealed differences in growth and virulence between the viruses, with in vivo pathogenesis often not being correlated with in vitro growth. Taken together, the data demonstrate that substitutions of EIII can allow the generation of viable chimeric viruses with significantly altered antigenicity and virulence. C1 [McAuley, Alexander J.; Torres, Maricela; Bente, Dennis A.; Beasley, David W. C.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [McAuley, Alexander J.; Plante, Jessica A.; Bente, Dennis A.; Beasley, David W. C.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Inst Human Infect & Immun, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Plante, Jessica A.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Huang, Claire Y. -H.] US Dept HHS, Arbovirus Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Bente, Dennis A.; Beasley, David W. C.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Ctr Biodefense & Emerging Infect Dis, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Bente, Dennis A.; Beasley, David W. C.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Sealy Ctr Vaccine Dev, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Plante, Jessica A.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Beasley, DWC (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA.; Beasley, DWC (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Inst Human Infect & Immun, Galveston, TX 77555 USA.; Beasley, DWC (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Ctr Biodefense & Emerging Infect Dis, Galveston, TX 77555 USA.; Beasley, DWC (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Sealy Ctr Vaccine Dev, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM dwbeasle@utmb.edu OI McAuley, Alexander/0000-0002-7632-9633 FU Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, UTMB; James W. McLaughlin predoctoral fellowship; Jeane B. Kempner predoctoral scholarship FX This work, including the efforts of David Beasley, was funded by Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, UTMB.; Alexander McAuley was supported by a James W. McLaughlin predoctoral fellowship and a Jeane B. Kempner predoctoral scholarship. NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 90 IS 9 BP 4757 EP 4770 DI 10.1128/JVI.02861-15 PG 14 WC Virology SC Virology GA DK7SG UT WOS:000375125400044 PM 26912625 ER PT J AU Bohnert, ASB Logan, JE Ganoczy, D Dowell, D AF Bohnert, Amy S. B. Logan, Joseph E. Ganoczy, Dara Dowell, Deborah TI A Detailed Exploration Into the Association of Prescribed Opioid Dosage and Overdose Deaths Among Patients With Chronic Pain SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE pain; opioid analgesics; patient safety ID CHRONIC NONCANCER PAIN; HEALTH ADMINISTRATION PATIENTS; DRUG OVERDOSE; MORTALITY; GUIDELINES; PATTERNS; COHORT; RISK; ANALGESICS; PHYSICIANS AB Background: High opioid dosage has been associated with overdose, and clinical guidelines have cautioned against escalating dosages above 100 morphine-equivalent mg (MEM) based on the potential harm and the absence of evidence of benefit from high dosages. However, this 100 MEM threshold was chosen somewhat arbitrarily. Objective: To examine the association of prescribed opioid dosage as a continuous measure in relation to risk of unintentional opioid overdose to identify the range of dosages associated with risk of overdose at a detailed level. Methods: In this nested case-control study with risk-set sampling of controls, cases (opioid overdose decedents) and controls were identified from a population of patients of the Veterans Health Administration who were prescribed opioids and who have a chronic pain diagnosis. Unintentional fatal opioid analgesic overdose was measured from National Death Index records and prescribed opioid dosage from pharmacy records. Results: The average prescribed opioid dosage was higher (P < 0.001) for cases (mean = 98.1 MEM, SD = 112.7; median = 60, interquartile range, 30-120), than controls (mean = 47.7 MEM, SD = 65.2; median = 25, interquartile range, 15-45). In a ROC analysis, dosage was a moderately good "predictor" of opioid overdose death, indicating that, on average, overdose cases had a prescribed opioid dosage higher than 71% of controls. Conclusions: A clear cut-point in opioid dosage to distinguish between overdose cases and controls was not found. However, lowering the recommended dosage threshold below the 100 MEM used in many recent guidelines would affect proportionately few patients not at risk for overdose while potentially benefitting many of those at risk for overdose. C1 [Bohnert, Amy S. B.; Ganoczy, Dara] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 2800 Plymouth Rd,Bldg 16,Room 227W, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Bohnert, Amy S. B.; Ganoczy, Dara] VA Ctr Clin Management Res, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Logan, Joseph E.; Dowell, Deborah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bohnert, ASB (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 2800 Plymouth Rd,Bldg 16,Room 227W, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM amybohne@med.umich.edu FU CDC [CDA 09-204, RRP 13-251] FX Support through an Intergovernmental Personnel Act assignment agreement from the CDC to A.S.B.B., VA grant CDA 09-204, and VA grant RRP 13-251. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0025-7079 EI 1537-1948 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD MAY PY 2016 VL 54 IS 5 BP 435 EP 441 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK4OL UT WOS:000374897800005 PM 26807540 ER PT J AU Yang, Z Howard, DH Will, J Loustalot, F Ritchey, M Roy, K AF Yang, Zhuo Howard, David H. Will, Julie Loustalot, Fleetwood Ritchey, Matthew Roy, Kakoli TI Association of Antihypertensive Medication Adherence With Healthcare Use and Medicaid Expenditures for Acute Cardiovascular Events SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE Medicaid; hypertension; drug adherence; cost; cardiovascular events ID FAILURE TIME DATA; DRUG-THERAPY; RISK; COSTS; POPULATION; HOSPITALIZATION; PERSISTENCE; OUTCOMES AB Objectives: We assessed the impact of antihypertensive medication (AHM) adherence on the incidence and associated Medicaid costs of acute cardiovascular disease (CVD) events among Medicaid beneficiaries. Methods: The study cohort (n = 59,037) consists of nonelderly adults continuously enrolled (36 mo and above) in a Medicaid fee-for-service program. AHM adherence was calculated using the medication possession ratio (MPR) and stratified to low (MPR < 60%), moderate (60% <= MPR < 80%), and high (MPR >= 80%) levels. We used a proportional hazard model to estimate risk for acute CVD events and generalized linear models to estimate Medicaid per-patient-per-year costs. Results: Low and moderate adherence subgroups had about 1.8 and 1.4 times higher risk of acute CVD events, compared with high adherence subgroup. By adherence level, Medicaid per-patient per-year costs for (1) CVD-related emergency department visits and hospitalizations were $661 (low), $479 (moderate), and $343 (high) and (2) AHMs were $430 (low), $604 (moderate), and $664 (high). Costs for CVD events and AHMs combined were similar across adherence subgroups. Conclusions: Lower adherence to AHM was associated with progressively higher CVD risk. The increase in medication cost from higher AHM adherence was offset solely by reduced Medicaid spending on acute CVD events. C1 [Yang, Zhuo; Roy, Kakoli] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Policy Res Anal & Dev Off, Off Associate Director Policy, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Howard, David H.] Emory Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Will, Julie; Loustalot, Fleetwood; Ritchey, Matthew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Yang, Z (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Policy Res Anal & Dev Off, Off Associate Director Policy, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM zyang54@emory.edu NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0025-7079 EI 1537-1948 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD MAY PY 2016 VL 54 IS 5 BP 504 EP 511 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK4OL UT WOS:000374897800014 PM 27078823 ER PT J AU Levri, KM Reynolds, L Liko, J Dott, M Robinson, BF Cieslak, PR AF Levri, Kara M. Reynolds, Laura Liko, Juventila Dott, Mary Robinson, Byron F. Cieslak, Paul R. TI Risk Factors for Pertussis Among Hispanic Infants: Metropolitan Portland, Oregon, 2010-2012 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE whooping cough; Hispanic Americans; infant ID UNITED-STATES; YOUNG INFANTS; VACCINATION COVERAGE; CHILDREN; HOSPITALIZATION; POPULATION; DEATHS AB Background: In 2012, Oregon observed its highest numbers of reported pertussis cases since 1953. The greatest morbidity occurred among infants <6 months of age, with higher rates among Hispanics than non-Hispanics. To explain this disparity, we analyzed pertussis surveillance data. Methods: An analysis was conducted among infants <6 months of age in the Portland metropolitan area during 2010-2012. Characteristics examined were ethnicity (Hispanic or non-Hispanic), household size (>4 or 4 persons), pertussis vaccination status (upto-date or not up-to-date for age), child care center attendance (yes or no), infant birth weight (<2500 or 2500g) and maternal age (<20 or 20 years). Results: Eighty-two infants <6 months of age with pertussis were identified. Twenty-eight case-infants (34%) were Hispanic, and 54 (66%) were non-Hispanic. By ethnicity, infants with pertussis were similar in illness confirmation method, sex, age, hospitalization status, vaccination status, child care center attendance, infant birth weight and maternal age. Hispanic infants were more likely than non-Hispanic infants to live in households with >4 persons. Univariate analysis showed Hispanic infants had approximately 2.3 times the risk for pertussis, compared with non-Hispanic infants, and infants living in households >4 persons had approximately 2.4 times the risk for illness, compared with those in households with <4 persons; stratified risk ratios did not differ between Hispanic (2.4; confidence interval: 1.0-5.7]) and non-Hispanic infants (2.0; confidence interval: 1.2-3.5). Conclusions: A household size of >4 persons is a potential risk factor for pertussis; the magnitude of this risk is similar for Hispanic and non-Hispanic infants. C1 [Levri, Kara M.; Cieslak, Paul R.] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Acute & Communicable Dis Prevent Sect, Portland, OR USA. [Levri, Kara M.; Dott, Mary; Robinson, Byron F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Workforce Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Reynolds, Laura] Multnomah Cty Hlth Dept, Communicable Dis Serv, Portland, OR USA. [Liko, Juventila] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Oregon Immunizat Program, Portland, OR USA. RP Levri, KM (reprint author), Tom Bradley Int Terminal, CDC Quarantine Stn, 380 World Way, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. EM wjf3@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 35 IS 5 BP 488 EP 493 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000001061 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA DK6PC UT WOS:000375045200008 PM 26766145 ER PT J AU Setse, RW Siberry, GK Moss, WJ Wheeling, J Bohannon, BA Dominguez, KL AF Setse, Rosanna W. Siberry, George K. Moss, William J. Wheeling, John Bohannon, Beverly A. Dominguez, Kenneth L. CA LEGACY Consortium TI Meningococcal Conjugate and Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis Vaccination Among HIV-infected Youth SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE HIV; MCV4; Tdap; vaccine coverage ID AGED 13-17 YEARS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; UNITED-STATES; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; ADOLESCENT IMMUNIZATION; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; MULTILEVEL MODELS AB Background: The meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4) and the tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) were first recommended for adolescents in the US in 2005. The goal of our study was to determine MCV4 and Tdap vaccines coverage among perinatally and behaviorally HIV-infected adolescents in 2006 and to compare coverage estimates in our study population to similarly aged healthy youth in 2006. Methods: Longitudinal Epidemiologic Study to Gain Insight into HIV/AIDS in Children and Youth (LEGACY) is a retrospective cohort study of HIV-infected youth in 22 HIV specialty clinics across the US. Among LEGACY participants 11 years of age in 2006, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis to determine MCV4, Tdap and MCV4/Tdap vaccine coverage. We compared vaccine coverage among our study population to coverage among similarly aged youth in the 2006 National Immunization Survey for Teens (NIS-Teen Survey). Multivariable mixed effects logistic regression modeling was used to examine associations between MCV4/Tdap vaccination and mode of HIV transmission. Results: MCV4 and Tdap coverage rates among 326 eligible participants were 31.6% and 28.8%, respectively. Among adolescents 13-17 years of age, MCV4 and Tdap coverage was significantly higher among HIV-infected youth than among youth in the 2006 NIS-Teen Survey (P <0.01). In multivariable analysis, perinatally HIV-infected youth were significantly more likely to have received MCV4/Tdap vaccination compared with their behaviorally infected counterparts (adjusted odds ratio: 5.1; 95% confidence interval: 2.0, 12.7). HIV-infected youth with CD4 cell counts of 200-499 cells/L were more likely to have had MCV4/Tdap vaccination compared with those with CD4 counts 500 cells/L (adjusted odds ratio: 2.2; 95% confidence interval: 1.2, 4.3). Participants with plasma HIV RNA viral loads of >400 copies/mL were significantly less likely to have received MCV4/Tdap vaccination (P < 0.05). Conclusions: MCV4 and Tdap coverage among HIV-infected youth was suboptimal but higher than for healthy adolescents in the 2006 NIS-Teen Survey. Perinatal HIV infection was associated with increased likelihood of vaccination. Specific measures are needed to improve vaccine coverage among adolescents in the US. C1 [Setse, Rosanna W.; Moss, William J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Siberry, George K.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Pediat Adolescent Maternal AIDS Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Wheeling, John] Northrop Grumman Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bohannon, Beverly A.; Dominguez, Kenneth L.; LEGACY Consortium] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Setse, Rosanna W.] US FDA, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Setse, RW (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. EM rsetse@hotmail.com FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA [200-2004-09976] FX The LEGACY project was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, contract number 200-2004-09976. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, IRB No. NA_00011187. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 35 IS 5 BP e152 EP e157 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000001078 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA DK6PC UT WOS:000375045200004 PM 26855409 ER PT J AU Breakwell, L Kelso, P Finley, C Schoenfeld, S Goode, B Misegades, LK Martin, SW Acosta, AM AF Breakwell, Lucy Kelso, Patsy Finley, Christine Schoenfeld, Susan Goode, Brant Misegades, Lara K. Martin, Stacey W. Acosta, Anna M. TI Pertussis Vaccine Effectiveness in the Setting of Pertactin-Deficient Pertussis SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; UNITED-STATES; WHOLE-CELL; WASHINGTON-STATE; EPIDEMIC; CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; PROTECTION; DIPHTHERIA; CALIFORNIA AB BACKGROUND: In the United States, the proportion of Bordetella pertussis isolates lacking pertactin, a component of acellular pertussis vaccines, increased from 14% in 2010 to 85% in 2012. The impact on vaccine effectiveness (VE) is unknown. METHODS: We conducted 2 matched case-control evaluations in Vermont to assess VE of the 5-dose diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP) series among 4- to 10-year-olds, and tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) among 11- to 19-year-olds. Cases reported during 2011 to 2013 were included. Three controls were matched to each case by medical home, and additionally by birth year for the Tdap evaluation. Vaccination history was obtained from medical records and parent interviews. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated by using conditional logistic regression; VE was estimated as (1-OR) x 100%. Pertactin status was determined for cases with available isolates. RESULTS: Overall DTaP VE was 84% (95% confidence interval [CI] 58%-94%). VE within 12 months of dose 5 was 90% (95% CI 71%-97%), declining to 68% (95% CI 10%-88%) by 5-7 years post-vaccination. Overall Tdap VE was 70% (95% CI 54%-81%). Within 12 months of Tdap vaccination, VE was 76% (95% CI 60%-85%), declining to 56% (95% CI 16%-77%) by 2-4 years post-vaccination. Of cases with available isolates, >90% were pertactin-deficient. CONCLUSIONS: Our DTaP and Tdap VE estimates remain similar to those found in other settings, despite high prevalence of pertactin deficiency in Vermont, suggesting these vaccines continue to be protective against reported pertussis disease. C1 [Breakwell, Lucy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Breakwell, Lucy; Misegades, Lara K.; Martin, Stacey W.; Acosta, Anna M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Goode, Brant] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Career Epidemiol Field Officer Program, Div State & Local Readiness, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kelso, Patsy; Finley, Christine; Schoenfeld, Susan; Goode, Brant] Vermont Dept Hlth, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. RP Breakwell, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM xdc3@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX All phases of this evaluation were supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2016 VL 137 IS 5 AR e20153973 DI 10.1542/peds.2015-3973 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DK8XZ UT WOS:000375214300039 ER PT J AU Haynes, AK Fowlkes, AL Schneider, E Mutuc, JD Armstrong, GL Gerber, SI AF Haynes, Amber K. Fowlkes, Ashley L. Schneider, Eileen Mutuc, Jeffry D. Armstrong, Gregory L. Gerber, Susan I. TI Human Metapneumovirus Circulation in the United States, 2008 to 2014 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; TRACT INFECTIONS; EXPERIENCE; INFANTS; DISEASE AB BACKGROUND: Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) infection causes respiratory illness, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia. However, national HMPV seasonality, as it compares with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza seasonality patterns, has not been well described. METHODS: Hospital and clinical laboratories reported weekly aggregates of specimens tested and positive detections for HMPV, RSV, and influenza to the National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System from 2008 to 2014. A season was defined as consecutive weeks with >= 3% positivity for HMPV and >= 10% positivity for RSV and influenza during a surveillance year (June through July). For each virus, the season, onset, offset, duration, peak, and 6-season medians were calculated. RESULTS: Among consistently reporting laboratories, 33 583 (3.6%) specimens were positive for HMPV, 281 581 (15.3%) for RSV, and 401 342 (18.2%) for influenza. Annually, 6 distinct HMPV seasons occurred from 2008 to 2014, with onsets ranging from November to February and offsets from April to July. Based on the 6-season medians, RSV, influenza, and HMPV onsets occurred sequentially and season durations were similar at 21 to 22 weeks. HMPV demonstrated a unique biennial pattern of early and late seasonal onsets. RSV seasons (onset, offset, peak) were most consistent and occurred before HMPV seasons. There were no consistent patterns between HMPV and influenza circulations. CONCLUSIONS: HMPV circulation begins in winter and lasts until spring and demonstrates distinct seasons each year, with the onset beginning after that of RSV. HMPV, RSV, and influenza can circulate simultaneously during the respiratory season. C1 [Haynes, Amber K.; Schneider, Eileen; Mutuc, Jeffry D.; Gerber, Susan I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fowlkes, Ashley L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Influenza, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Armstrong, Gregory L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Adv Mol Detect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Haynes, AK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-34, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ahaynes1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Division of Viral Diseases and Influenza FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Division of Viral Diseases and Influenza. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2016 VL 137 IS 5 AR e20152927 DI 10.1542/peds.2015-2927 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DK8XZ UT WOS:000375214300016 ER PT J AU Karwowski, MP Nelson, JM Staples, JE Fischer, M Fleming-Dutra, KE Villanueva, J Powers, AM Mead, P Honein, MA Moore, CA Rasmussen, SA AF Karwowski, Mateusz P. Nelson, Jennifer M. Staples, J. Erin Fischer, Marc Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E. Villanueva, Julie Powers, Ann M. Mead, Paul Honein, Margaret A. Moore, Cynthia A. Rasmussen, Sonja A. TI Zika Virus Disease: A CDC Update for Pediatric Health Care Providers SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID INTERIM GUIDELINES; UNITED-STATES; FRENCH-POLYNESIA; FEBRUARY 2014; INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; BRAZIL; DENGUE; OUTBREAK; CHILDREN AB Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus discovered in Africa in 1947. Most persons with Zika virus infection are asymptomatic; symptoms when present are generally mild and include fever, maculopapular rash, arthralgia, and conjunctivitis. Since early 2015, Zika virus has spread rapidly through the Americas, with local transmission identified in 31 countries and territories as of February 29, 2016, including several US territories. All age groups are susceptible to Zika virus infection, including children. Maternal-fetal transmission of Zika virus has been documented; evidence suggests that congenital Zika virus infection is associated with microcephaly and other adverse pregnancy and infant outcomes. Perinatal transmission has been reported in 2 cases; 1 was asymptomatic, and the other had thrombocytopenia and a rash. Based on limited information, Zika virus infection in children is mild, similar to that in adults. The long-term sequelae of congenital, perinatal, and pediatric Zika virus infection are largely unknown. No vaccine to prevent Zika virus infection is available, and treatment is supportive. The primary means of preventing Zika virus infection is prevention of mosquito bites in areas with local Zika virus transmission. Given the possibility of limited local transmission of Zika virus in the continental United States and frequent travel from affected countries to the United States, US pediatric health care providers need to be familiar with Zika virus infection. This article reviews the Zika virus, its epidemiologic characteristics, clinical presentation, laboratory testing, treatment, and prevention to assist providers in the evaluation and management of children with possible Zika virus infection. C1 [Karwowski, Mateusz P.; Nelson, Jennifer M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Karwowski, Mateusz P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nelson, Jennifer M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Staples, J. Erin; Fischer, Marc; Powers, Ann M.; Mead, Paul] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Villanueva, Julie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Honein, Margaret A.; Moore, Cynthia A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Publ Hlth Informat Disseminat, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rasmussen, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skr9@cdc.gov NR 63 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 7 U2 22 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2016 VL 137 IS 5 AR e20160621 DI 10.1542/peds.2016-0621 PG 13 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DK8XZ UT WOS:000375214300064 ER PT J AU Oster, ME Aucott, SW Glidewell, J Hackell, J Kochilas, L Martin, GR Phillippi, J Pinto, NM Saarinen, A Sontag, M Kemper, AR AF Oster, Matthew E. Aucott, Susan W. Glidewell, Jill Hackell, Jesse Kochilas, Lazaros Martin, Gerard R. Phillippi, Julia Pinto, Nelangi M. Saarinen, Annamarie Sontag, Marci Kemper, Alex R. TI Lessons Learned From Newborn Screening for Critical Congenital Heart Defects SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID PULSE OXIMETRY; ASYMPTOMATIC NEWBORNS; OXYGEN-SATURATION; DISEASE; IMPLEMENTATION; STATE; FEASIBILITY; COST; UNIT AB Newborn screening for critical congenital heart defects (CCHD) was added to the US Recommended Uniform Screening Panel in 2011. Within 4 years, 46 states and the District of Columbia had adopted it into their newborn screening program, leading to CCHD screening being nearly universal in the United States. This rapid adoption occurred while there were still questions about the effectiveness of the recommended screening protocol and barriers to follow-up for infants with a positive screen. In response, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention partnered with the American Academy of Pediatrics to convene an expert panel between January and September 2015 representing a broad array of primary care, neonatology, pediatric cardiology, nursing, midwifery, public health, and advocacy communities. The panel's goal was to review current practices in newborn screening for CCHD and to identify opportunities for improvement. In this article, we describe the experience of CCHD screening in the United States with regard to: (1) identifying the target lesions for CCHD screening; (2) optimizing the algorithm for screening; (3) determining state-level challenges to implementation and surveillance of CCHD; (4) educating all stakeholders; (5) performing screening using the proper equipment and in a cost-effective manner; and (6) implementing screening in special settings such as the NICU, out-of-hospital settings, and areas of high altitude. C1 [Oster, Matthew E.; Glidewell, Jill] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Oster, Matthew E.; Kochilas, Lazaros] Emory Univ, Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Aucott, Susan W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Hackell, Jesse] Pomona Pediat PC, Pomona, NY USA. [Martin, Gerard R.] Childrens Natl Hlth Syst, Washington, DC USA. [Phillippi, Julia] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Nursing, Nashville, TN 37240 USA. [Pinto, Nelangi M.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Saarinen, Annamarie] Newborn Fdn, Newborn Coalit, St Paul, MN USA. [Sontag, Marci] Univ Colorado, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Anschutz Med Ctr, Aurora, CO USA. [Kemper, Alex R.] Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Kemper, Alex R.] Duke Univ, Dept Pediat, Durham, NC 27706 USA. RP Oster, ME (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Sibley Heart Ctr Cardiol,Childrens Healthcare Atl, 2835 Brandywine Rd,Ste 300, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM osterm@kidsheart.com FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5 U38 OT 00167-02] FX Supported by Cooperative Agreement 5 U38 OT 00167-02, funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official positions of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the other organizations represented by the authors. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2016 VL 137 IS 5 AR e20154573 DI 10.1542/peds.2015-4573 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DK8XZ UT WOS:000375214300052 ER PT J AU Singh, T Agaku, IT Arrazola, RA Marynak, KL Neff, LJ Rolle, IT King, BA AF Singh, Tushar Agaku, Israel T. Arrazola, Rene A. Marynak, Kristy L. Neff, Linda J. Rolle, Italia T. King, Brian A. TI Exposure to Advertisements and Electronic Cigarette Use Among US Middle and High School Students SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID COLLEGE-STUDENTS; TOBACCO; SMOKING; INTENTIONS AB BACKGROUND: Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among US students increased significantly during 2011 to 2014. We examined the association between e-cigarette advertisement exposure and current e-cigarette use among US middle school and high school students. METHODS: Data came from the 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey (n = 22 007), a survey of students in grades 6 through 12. The association between current e-cigarette use and exposure to e-cigarette advertisements via 4 sources (Internet, newspapers/magazines, retail stores, and TV/movies) was assessed. Three advertising exposure categories were assessed: never/rarely, sometimes, and most of the time/always. Separate logistic regression models were used to measure the association, adjusting for gender, race/ethnicity, grade, and other tobacco use. RESULTS: Compared with students who reported exposure to e-cigarette advertisements never/rarely, the odds of current e-cigarette use were significantly (P<.05) greater among those reporting exposure sometimes and most of the time/always, respectively, as follows: Internet (adjusted odds ratio: middle school, 1.44 and 2.91; high school, 1.49, and 2.02); newspapers/magazines (middle school, 0.93 [not significant] and 1.87; high school, 1.26 and 1.71); retail stores (middle school, 1.78 and 2.34; high school, 1.37, and 1.91); and TV/movies (middle school, 1.25 [not significant] and 1.80; high school, 1.24 and 1.54). CONCLUSIONS: E-cigarette advertisement exposure is associated with current e-cigarette use among students; greater exposure is associated with higher odds of use. Given that youth use of tobacco in any form is unsafe, comprehensive tobacco prevention and control strategies, including efforts to reduce youth exposure to advertising, are critical to prevent all forms of tobacco use among youth. C1 [Singh, Tushar; Agaku, Israel T.; Arrazola, Rene A.; Marynak, Kristy L.; Neff, Linda J.; Rolle, Italia T.; King, Brian A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Singh, Tushar] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Appl Sci, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Singh, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tsingh@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2016 VL 137 IS 5 AR e20154155 DI 10.1542/peds.2015-4155 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DK8XZ UT WOS:000375214300041 ER PT J AU Sumner, SA Mercy, JA Buluma, R Mwangi, MW Marcelin, LH Kheam, T Lea, V Brookmeyer, K Kress, H Hillis, SD AF Sumner, Steven A. Mercy, James A. Buluma, Robert Mwangi, Mary W. Marcelin, Louis H. Kheam, They Lea, Veronica Brookmeyer, Kathryn Kress, Howard Hillis, Susan D. TI Childhood Sexual Violence Against Boys: A Study in 3 Countries SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; HIV-INFECTION; ABUSE; PREVALENCE; PERPETRATION; EXPERIENCES; RISK; MEN; VICTIMIZATION; METAANALYSIS AB BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Globally, little evidence exists on sexual violence against boys. We sought to produce the first internationally comparable estimates of the magnitude, characteristics, risk factors, and consequences of sexual violence against boys in 3 diverse countries. METHODS: We conducted nationally representative, multistage cluster Violence Against Children Surveys in Haiti, Kenya, and Cambodia among males aged 13 to 24 years. Differences between countries for boys experiencing sexual violence (including sexual touching, attempted sex, and forced/coerced sex) before age 18 years were examined by using chi(2) and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: In Haiti, Kenya, and Cambodia, respectively, 1459, 1456, and 1255 males completed surveys. The prevalence of experiencing any form of sexual violence ranged from 23.1% (95% confidence Interval [CI]: 20.0-26.2) in Haiti to 14.8% (95% CI: 12.0-17.7) in Kenya, and 5.6% (95% CI: 4.0-7.2) in Cambodia. The largest share of perpetrators in Haiti, Kenya, and Cambodia, respectively, were friends/neighbors (64.7%), romantic partners (37.2%), and relatives (37.0%). Most episodes occurred inside perpetrators' or victims' homes in Haiti (60.4%), contrasted with outside the home in Kenya (65.3%) and Cambodia (52.1%). The most common time period for violence in Haiti, Kenya, and Cambodia was the afternoon (55.0%), evening (41.3%), and morning (38.2%), respectively. Adverse health effects associated with violence were common, including increased odds of transactional sex, alcohol abuse, sexually transmitted infections, anxiety/depression, suicidal ideation/attempts, and violent gender attitudes. CONCLUSIONS: Differences were noted between countries in the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of sexual violence, yet associations with adverse health effects were pervasive. Prevention strategies tailored to individual locales are needed. C1 [Sumner, Steven A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sumner, Steven A.; Mercy, James A.; Lea, Veronica; Kress, Howard; Hillis, Susan D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Brookmeyer, Kathryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Buluma, Robert] Kenya Natl Bur Stat, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mwangi, Mary W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Nairobi, Kenya. [Marcelin, Louis H.] Interuniv Inst Res & Dev, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Marcelin, Louis H.] Univ Miami, Dept Anthropol, Miami, FL USA. [Marcelin, Louis H.] Univ Miami, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Miami, FL USA. [Kheam, They] Cambodia Minist Planning, Natl Inst Stat, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. RP Sumner, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM hvo5@cdc.gov FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief; United Nations Children's Fund FX This work was supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and the United Nations Children's Fund. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 7 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2016 VL 137 IS 5 AR e20153386 DI 10.1542/peds.2015-3386 PG 11 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DK8XZ UT WOS:000375214300025 ER PT J AU Hoover, KW Ham, DC Peters, PJ Smith, DK Bernstein, KT AF Hoover, Karen W. Ham, David C. Peters, Philip J. Smith, Dawn K. Bernstein, Kyle T. TI Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevention With Preexposure Prophylaxis in Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinics SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID HIV-INFECTION; ANTIRETROVIRAL PROPHYLAXIS; NEW-YORK; MEN; TRANSMISSION; SEX; DIAGNOSIS; SYPHILIS; WOMEN; RISK C1 [Hoover, Karen W.; Ham, David C.; Peters, Philip J.; Smith, Dawn K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE MS E45, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Bernstein, Kyle T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE MS E45, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Hoover, KW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE MS E45, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM khoover@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 43 IS 5 BP 277 EP 282 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000441 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DK6YO UT WOS:000375071900002 PM 27100762 ER PT J AU Gallo, MF Margolis, AD Malotte, CK Rietmeijer, CA Klausner, JD O'Donnell, L Warner, L AF Gallo, Maria F. Margolis, Andrew D. Malotte, C. Kevin Rietmeijer, Cornelis A. Klausner, Jeffrey D. O'Donnell, Lydia Warner, Lee CA Safe City Study Grp TI Sexual abstinence and other behaviours immediately following a new STI diagnosis among STI clinic patients: Findings from the Safe in the City trial SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Article ID TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; REPEAT INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-ADULTS; CHLAMYDIA; ADOLESCENTS; RISK; GONORRHEA; MEN; INTERVENTIONS AB Background Few studies have assessed patients' sexual behaviours during the period immediately following a new diagnosis of a curable sexually transmitted infection (STI). Methods Data were analysed from a behavioural study nested within the Safe in the City trial, which evaluated a video-based STI/HIV prevention intervention in three urban STI clinics. We studied 450 patients who reported having received a new STI diagnosis, or STI treatment, 3 months earlier. Participants reported on whether they seriously considered, attempted and succeeded in adopting seven sex-related behaviours in the interval following the diagnostic visit. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify, among men, correlates of two behaviours related to immediately reducing reinfection risk and preventing further STI transmission: sexual abstinence until participants were adequately treated and abstinence until their partners were tested for STIs. Results Most participants reported successfully abstaining from sex until they were adequately treated for their baseline infection (89%-90%) and from sex with potentially exposed partners until their partners were tested for HIV and other STIs (66%-70%). Among men who intended to be abstinent until they were adequately treated, those who did not discuss the risks with a partner who was possibly exposed were more likely not to be abstinent (OR, 3.7; 95% CI 1.5 to 9.0) than those who had this discussion. Similarly, among men who intended to abstain from sex with any potentially exposed partner until the partner was tested for HIV and other STIs, those who reported not discussing the risks of infecting each other with HIV/STIs were more likely to be sexually active during this period (OR, 3.5; 95% CI 1.6 to 8.1) than were those who reported this communication. Conclusions Improved partner communication could facilitate an important role in the adoption of protective behaviours in the interval immediately after receiving a new STI diagnosis. C1 [Gallo, Maria F.; Warner, Lee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gallo, Maria F.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, 324 Cunz Hall,1841 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Margolis, Andrew D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Malotte, C. Kevin] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Ctr Hlth Equ Res, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA. [Rietmeijer, Cornelis A.] Rietmeijer Consulting LLC, Denver, CO USA. [Klausner, Jeffrey D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Klausner, Jeffrey D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [O'Donnell, Lydia] EDC, Hlth & Human Dev, Waltham, MA USA. RP Gallo, MF (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, 324 Cunz Hall,1841 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM mgallo@cph.osu.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [921007, 821004, 121005] FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through multisite federal cooperative agreements (921007, 821004 and 121005). NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 92 IS 3 BP 206 EP 210 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2014-051982 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DK7GY UT WOS:000375094400011 PM 26670913 ER PT J AU Kim, EJ Hladik, W Barker, J Lubwama, G Sendagala, S Ssenkusu, JM Opio, A Serwadda, D AF Kim, Evelyn J. Hladik, Wolfgang Barker, Joseph Lubwama, George Sendagala, Samuel Ssenkusu, John M. Opio, Alex Serwadda, David CA Crane Survey Grp TI Sexually transmitted infections associated with alcohol use and HIV infection among men who have sex with men in Kampala, Uganda SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Article ID RISK; PREVALENCE; KENYA; CITY AB Objectives Few studies have been conducted in Africa to assess prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and risk factors among men who have sex with men (MSM). We report findings from the first behavioural survey to include STI testing among MSM in Kampala, Uganda. Methods Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was used to recruit MSM for a biobehavioural survey. Eligible participants were men who reported anal sex with another man in the previous 3 months, were 18 years or older, and resided in Kampala. Information was collected on demographics, sexual behaviour, alcohol and drug use, and STI symptoms. Blood, urine and rectal specimens were tested for syphilis, HIV, rectal and urethral gonorrhoea, and chlamydia. Analyses weighted for RDS were conducted to assess associations with STI diagnosis. Results A total of 295 MSM participated in the survey. Almost half (weighted percentage: 47.3%) reported STI symptoms in the last 6 months and 12.9% tested HIV-positive. Prevalence of non-HIV STI was 13.5%; syphilis prevalence was 9.0%. Adjusting for age and education, STI was associated with HIV (adjusted OR (AOR)= 3.46, 95% CI 1.03 to 11.64), alcohol use before sex (AOR= 4.99, 95% CI 1.86 to 13.38) and having sold sex in the last 3 months (AOR= 3.17, 95% CI 1.25 to 8.07), and inversely associated with having anonymous sex partners (AOR= 0.20, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.61). Conclusions We observed high levels of self-reported STI symptoms and STI prevalence associated with alcohol use and HIV among MSM in Kampala. Public health interventions supporting MSM are needed to address STI risk and facilitate access to diagnosis and treatment services. C1 [Kim, Evelyn J.; Hladik, Wolfgang; Barker, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lubwama, George; Serwadda, David] Makerere Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Sendagala, Samuel; Ssenkusu, John M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda. [Opio, Alex] Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. RP Kim, EJ (reprint author), CDC, CGH, Div Global HIV AIDS, 1600 Clifton Rd MS E-30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gvh5@cdc.gov FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U2GH000466] FX This research has been supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under the terms of U2GH000466. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 92 IS 3 BP 240 EP 245 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052034 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DK7GY UT WOS:000375094400019 PM 26424713 ER PT J AU Wallace, JW Nicholson, WL Perniciaro, JL Vaughn, MF Funkhouser, S Juliano, JJ Lee, S Kakumanu, ML Ponnusamy, L Apperson, CS Meshnick, SR AF Wallace, John W. Nicholson, William L. Perniciaro, Jamie L. Vaughn, Meagan F. Funkhouser, Sheana Juliano, Jonathan J. Lee, Sangmi Kakumanu, Madhavi L. Ponnusamy, Loganathan Apperson, Charles S. Meshnick, Steven R. TI Incident Tick-Borne Infections in a Cohort of North Carolina Outdoor Workers SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; Rickettsia; Serology; Tick(s) ID FEVER GROUP RICKETTSIAE; MOUNTAIN-SPOTTED-FEVER; UNITED-STATES; LYME-DISEASE; ANAPLASMA-PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; NATIONAL-PARKS; AMBLYOMMII; RISK; BITE; PREVALENCE AB Tick-borne diseases cause substantial morbidity throughout the United States, and North Carolina has a high incidence of spotted fever rickettsioses and ehrlichiosis, with sporadic cases of Lyme disease. The occupational risk of tick-borne infections among outdoor workers is high, particularly those working on publicly managed lands. This study identified incident tick-borne infections and examined seroconversion risk factors among a cohort of North Carolina outdoor workers. Workers from the North Carolina State Divisions of Forestry, Parks and Recreation, and Wildlife (n=159) were followed for 2 years in a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of long-lasting permethrin-impregnated clothing. Antibody titers against Rickettsia parkeri, Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia amblyommii, and Ehrlichia chaffeensis were measured at baseline (n=130), after 1 year (n=82), and after 2 years (n=73). Titers against Borrelia burgdorferi were measured at baseline and after 2 years (n=90). Baseline seroprevalence, defined as indirect immunofluorescence antibody titers of 1/128 or greater, was R. parkeri (24%), R. rickettsii (19%), R. amblyommii (12%), and E. chaffeensis (4%). Incident infection was defined as a fourfold increase in titer over a 1-year period. There were 40 total seroconversions to at least one pathogen, including R. parkeri (n=19), R. amblyommii (n=14), R. rickettsii (n=9), and E. chaffeensis (n=8). There were no subjects whose sera were reactive to B. burgdorferi C6 antigen. Thirty-eight of the 40 incident infections were subclinical. The overall risk of infection by any pathogen during the study period was 0.26, and the risk among the NC Division of Forest Resources workers was 1.73 times that of workers in other divisions (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02, 2.92). The risk of infection was lower in subjects wearing permethrin-impregnated clothing, but not significantly (risk ratio=0.81; 95% CI: 0.47, 1.39). In summary, outdoor workers in North Carolina are at high risk of incident tick-borne infections, most of which appear to be asymptomatic. C1 [Wallace, John W.; Vaughn, Meagan F.; Funkhouser, Sheana; Meshnick, Steven R.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 135 Dauer Dr,Campus Box 8165, Chapel Hill, NC 27517 USA. [Nicholson, William L.; Perniciaro, Jamie L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Juliano, Jonathan J.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Lee, Sangmi; Kakumanu, Madhavi L.; Ponnusamy, Loganathan; Apperson, Charles S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Wallace, JW (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 135 Dauer Dr,Campus Box 8165, Chapel Hill, NC 27517 USA. EM john.wallace@unc.edu OI Kakumanu, Madhavi/0000-0002-4325-3679 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [5R01OH009874] FX This research was supported by a grant to S.R.M. from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (5R01OH009874). NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 16 IS 5 BP 302 EP 308 DI 10.1089/vbz.2015.1887 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DK3RZ UT WOS:000374836400002 PM 27008102 ER PT J AU McKimm-Breschkin, JL Fry, AM AF McKimm-Breschkin, Jennifer L. Fry, Alicia M. TI Meeting report: 4th ISIRV antiviral group conference: Novel antiviral therapies for influenza and other respiratory viruses SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Respiratory virus; Isirv-AVG; Antiviral; Influenza ID HUMAN PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS; A NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITORS; HUMAN MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; IN-VITRO; RECEPTOR-BINDING; PROTECTS MICE; CATALYTIC MECHANISM; PA ENDONUCLEASE; CELL-CULTURE AB The International Society for Influenza and other Respiratory Virus Diseases (isirv) held its 4th Antiviral Group Conference at the University of Texas on 2-4 June, 2015. With emerging resistance to the drugs currently licensed for treatment and prophylaxis of influenza viruses, primarily the neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir phosphate (Tamiflu) and the M2 inhibitors amantadine and rimantadine, and the lack of effective interventions against other respiratory viruses, the 3-day programme focused on the discovery and development of inhibitors of several virus targets and key host cell factors involved in virus replication or mediating the inflammatory response. Virus targets included the influenza haemagglutinin, neuraminidase and M2 proteins, and both the respiratory syncytial virus and influenza polymerases and nucleoproteins. Therapies for rhinoviruses and MERS and SARS coronaviruses were also discussed. With the emerging development of monoclonal antibodies as therapeutics, the potential implications of antibody-dependent enhancement of disease were also addressed. Topics covered all aspects from structural and molecular biology to preclinical and clinical studies. The importance of suitable clinical trial endpoints and regulatory issues were also discussed from the perspectives of both industry and government. This meeting summary provides an overview, not only for the conference participants, but also for those interested in the current status of antivirals for respiratory viruses. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [McKimm-Breschkin, Jennifer L.] CSIRO, 343 Royal Parade, Parkville, Vic, Australia. [Fry, Alicia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McKimm-Breschkin, JL (reprint author), CSIRO, 343 Royal Pde, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. EM mck245@csiro.au; agf1@cdc.gov NR 102 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 EI 1872-9096 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 129 BP 21 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.01.012 PG 18 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA DK0PH UT WOS:000374614200003 PM 26872862 ER PT J AU Gori, M Gupta, DK Claggett, B Selvin, E Folsom, AR Matsushita, K Bello, NA Cheng, SS Shah, A Skali, H Vardeny, O Ni, HY Ballantyne, CM Astor, BC Klein, BE Aguilar, D Solomon, SD AF Gori, Mauro Gupta, Deepak K. Claggett, Brian Selvin, Elizabeth Folsom, Aaron R. Matsushita, Kunihiro Bello, Natalie A. Cheng, Susan Shah, Amil Skali, Hicham Vardeny, Orly Ni, Hanyu Ballantyne, Christie M. Astor, Brad C. Klein, Barbara E. Aguilar, David Solomon, Scott D. TI Natriuretic Peptide and High-Sensitivity Troponin for Cardiovascular Risk Prediction in Diabetes: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; NT-PROBNP; FAILURE; MORTALITY; MELLITUS; ADULTS; PREVENTION; EVENTS; RECLASSIFICATION AB OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes; yet, heterogeneity in CVD risk has been suggested in diabetes, providing a compelling rationale for improving diabetes risk stratification. We hypothesized that N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) and high-sensitivity troponin T may enhance CVD risk stratification beyond commonly used markers of risk and that CVD risk is heterogeneous in diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Among 8,402 participants without prevalent CVD at visit 4 (1996-1998) of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study there were 1,510 subjects with diabetes (mean age 63 years, 52% women, 31% African American, and 60% hypertensive). RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 13.1 years, there were 540 incident fatal/nonfatal CVD events (coronary heart disease, heart failure, and stroke). Both troponin T >= 14 ng/L (hazard ratio [HR] 1.96 [95% CI 1.57-2.46]) and NTproBNP >125 pg/mL (1.61 [1.29-1.99]) were independent predictors of incident CVD events at multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. Addition of circulating cardiac biomarkers to traditional risk factors, abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG), and conventional markers of diabetes complications including retinopathy, nephropathy, and peripheral arterial disease significantly improved CVD risk prediction (net reclassification index 0.16 [95% CI 0.07-0.22]). Compared with individuals without diabetes, subjects with diabetes had 1.6-fold higher adjusted risk of incident CVD. However, participants with diabetes with normal cardiac biomarkers and no conventional complications/abnormal ECG (n = 725 [48%]) were at low risk (HR 1.12 [95% CI 0.95-1.31]), while those with abnormal cardiac biomarkers, alone (n = 186 [12%]) or in combination with conventional complications/abnormal ECG (n = 243 [16%]), were at greater risk (1.99 [1.59-2.50] and 2.80 [2.34-3.35], respectively). CONCLUSIONS Abnormal levels of NTproBNP and troponin T may help to distinguish individuals with high diabetes risk from those with low diabetes risk, providing incremental risk prediction beyond commonly used markers of risk. C1 [Gori, Mauro; Gupta, Deepak K.; Claggett, Brian; Bello, Natalie A.; Cheng, Susan; Shah, Amil; Skali, Hicham; Solomon, Scott D.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Cardiovasc Med, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Gori, Mauro] Azienda Osped Papa Giovanni XXIII Hosp, Cardiovasc Dept, Bergamo, Italy. [Gupta, Deepak K.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Vanderbilt Heart & Vasc Inst, Nashville, TN USA. [Selvin, Elizabeth] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Selvin, Elizabeth] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Selvin, Elizabeth] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Welch Ctr Prevent Epidemiol & Clin Res, Baltimore, MD USA. [Folsom, Aaron R.] Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Matsushita, Kunihiro] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Bello, Natalie A.] NewYork Presbyterian Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Vardeny, Orly] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharm, 425 N Charter St, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ni, Hanyu] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Ballantyne, Christie M.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Sect Atherosclerosis & Vasc Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Astor, Brad C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Madison, WI USA. [Astor, Brad C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Madison, WI USA. [Klein, Barbara E.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Madison, WI USA. [Aguilar, David] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Cardiol Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Solomon, SD (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Cardiovasc Med, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM ssolomon@rics.bwh.harvard.edu FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) [HHSN268201100005C, HHSN268201100006C, HHSN268201100007C, HHSN268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100010C, HHSN268201100011C, HHSN268201100012C]; NHLBI cooperative agreement (Brigham and Women's Hospital) [NHLBI-HC-11-08]; National Institutes of Health (NIH)/NHLBI [T32-HL-094301-02, K12-HL-109019]; NIH/NHLBI [T32-HL-007374-34, K99-HL-107642, K08-HL-116792]; Ellison Foundation FX The ARIC study is carried out as a collaborative study supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) contracts (HHSN268201100005C, HHSN268201100006C, HHSN268201100007C, HHSN268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100010C, HHSN268201100011C, and HHSN268201100012C). This work was also supported by NHLBI cooperative agreement NHLBI-HC-11-08 (Brigham and Women's Hospital). D.K.G. was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH)/NHLBI T32-HL-094301-02 and K12-HL-109019. N.A.B. is supported by NIH/NHLBI T32-HL-007374-34. S.C. is supported in part by NIH/NHLBI K99-HL-107642 and a grant from the Ellison Foundation. A.S. is supported in part by NIH/NHLBI K08-HL-116792. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 EI 1935-5548 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD MAY PY 2016 VL 39 IS 5 BP 677 EP 685 DI 10.2337/dc15-1760 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DK6MU UT WOS:000375039000007 PM 26740635 ER PT J AU Monsour, MJ AF Monsour, Michael J. TI Decomposition of an autoregressive process into first order processes SO JOURNAL OF MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Autoregressive process; First order process; Decomposition; Characteristic roots; Maximum likelihood estimators; Asymptotic distributions ID STOCHASTIC DIFFERENCE-EQUATIONS; LIMITING DISTRIBUTIONS; PARAMETERS; ESTIMATORS; MODELS AB Let Y-n be an autoregressive process of order p. With p distinct characteristic roots, Y-n can be decomposed into or expressed as a linear combination of p first order autoregressive processes. For the case of multiple characteristic roots, Y-n with s < p distinct characteristic roots can be expressed as a linear combination of s first order autoregressive processes and the derivatives with respect to the parameter of the s first order processes. The parameters of the first order processes are the characteristic roots of Y-n. Using this decomposition, for general stationary and unstable characteristic roots, the limiting distribution of appropriately normalized maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of Y-n are obtained. These results are new to the literature. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Monsour, Michael J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DRH, NCCDPHP, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-74, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Monsour, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DRH, NCCDPHP, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-74, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mhm2@cdc.gov OI Monsour, Michael/0000-0003-3029-476X NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0047-259X J9 J MULTIVARIATE ANAL JI J. Multivar. Anal. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 147 BP 295 EP 314 DI 10.1016/j.jmva.2016.02.007 PG 20 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA DK0UG UT WOS:000374627100019 ER PT J AU Lu, PJ O'Halloran, A Ding, HL Liang, JL Williams, WW AF Lu, Peng-jun O'Halloran, Alissa Ding, Helen Liang, Jennifer L. Williams, Walter W. TI National and State-Specific Td and Tdap Vaccination of Adult Populations SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; PREVENTIVE SERVICES; COVERAGE; HEALTH; TETANUS; SURVEILLANCE; US; DIPHTHERIA AB Introduction: The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends a single dose of tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) for adults followed by tetanus and diphtheria toxoids (Td) booster doses every 10 years thereafter. This study assessed recent Td and Tdap vaccination among adult populations. Methods: The 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data were analyzed in 2015 to assess Td and Tdap vaccination coverage among adults at national and state levels. Multivariable logistic regression and predictive marginal models were performed to identify factors independently associated with vaccination. Results: Overall, national vaccination coverage among adults aged >= 18 years for Td was 57.5% and for Tdap was 28.9%. Among states, Td vaccination coverage ranged from 47.8% in Nevada to 73.1% in Minnesota, and Tdap coverage ranged from 17.7% in Mississippi to 47.6,% in Minnesota. Characteristics independently associated with an increased likelihood of Tdap vaccination among adults aged >= 18 years were younger age; being female; American Indian/Alaska Native race; being never married; higher education; not being in the workforce; reporting a household income >=$75,000; living in the West or Midwest U.S.; reporting excellent, very good, good, or fair health; having health insurance; having a healthcare provider; having a routine checkup in the previous year; receipt of influenza vaccination in the previous year; and having ever received pneumococcal vaccination. Conclusions: By 2013, Td and Tdap vaccination coverage were 57.5% and 28.9%, respectively. Coverage varied by state. Implementation of evidence-based programs is needed to improve I'd and Tdap vaccination levels among adult populations. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Lu, Peng-jun; O'Halloran, Alissa; Ding, Helen; Williams, Walter W.] CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Liang, Jennifer L.] CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lu, PJ (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lhp8@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 50 IS 5 BP 616 EP 626 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.09.033 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DJ5VJ UT WOS:000374277900008 PM 26614276 ER PT J AU Mikton, CR Butchart, A Dahlberg, LL Krug, EG AF Mikton, Christopher R. Butchart, Alexander Dahlberg, Linda L. Krug, Etienne G. TI Global Status Report on Violence Prevention 2014 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; PHYSICAL ABUSE; SEXUAL-ABUSE; MALTREATMENT; DISEASE; BURDEN; DEATH; REVICTIMIZATION; METAANALYSIS AB Introduction: Interpersonal violence affects millions of people worldwide, often has lifelong consequences, and is gaining recognition as an important global public health problem. There has been no assessment of measures countries are taking to address it. This report aims to assess such measures and provide a baseline against which to track future progress. Methods: In each country, with help from a government-appointed National Data Coordinator, representatives from six to ten sectors completed a questionnaire before convening in a consensus meeting to decide on final country data; 133 of 194 (69%) WHO Member States participated. The questionnaire covered data, plans, prevention measures, and victim services. Data were collected between November 2012 and June 2014, and analyzed between June and October 2014. Global and country-level homicides for 2000-2012 were also calculated for all 194 Members. Results: Worldwide, 475,000 people were homicide victims in 2012 and homicide rates declined by 16% from 2000 to 2012. Data on fatal and, in particular, non-fatal forms of violence are lacking in many countries. Each of the 18 types of surveyed prevention programs was reported to be implemented in a third of the 133 participating countries; each law was reported to exist in 80% of countries, but fully enforced in just 57%; and each victim service was reported to be in place in just more than half of the countries. Conclusions: Although many countries have begun to tackle violence, serious gaps remain, and public health researchers have a critical role to play in addressing them. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Mikton, Christopher R.; Butchart, Alexander; Krug, Etienne G.] WHO, Dept Management Noncommunicable Dis Disabil Viole, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Dahlberg, Linda L.] CDC, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mikton, CR (reprint author), WHO, Noncommunicable Dis & Mental Hlth, Management Noncommunicable Dis Disabil Violence &, 20 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM miktonc@who.int FU UBS Optimus Foundation; Government of Belgium; Bernard van Leer Foundation; UN Development Programme; CDC FX This project was funded by the UBS Optimus Foundation, the Government of Belgium; the Bernard van Leer Foundation; the UN Development Programme; and CDC. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 50 IS 5 BP 652 EP 659 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.10.007 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DJ5VJ UT WOS:000374277900014 PM 26689979 ER PT J AU Mercy, JA AF Mercy, James A. TI Global Violence Prevention The Time Is Now SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Mercy, James A.] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mercy, JA (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jam2@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 50 IS 5 BP 660 EP 662 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.12.014 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DJ5VJ UT WOS:000374277900015 PM 27102640 ER PT J AU Yeung, LF Berry, RJ Moore, CA AF Yeung, Lorraine F. Berry, Robert J. Moore, Cynthia A. TI Ascertaining the Burden of Birth Defects SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID SPINA-BIFIDA C1 [Yeung, Lorraine F.; Berry, Robert J.; Moore, Cynthia A.] CDC, Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Yeung, LF (reprint author), CDC, Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Lyeung@cdc.gov OI Berry, Robert/0000-0002-7162-5046 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 50 IS 5 BP 672 EP 673 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.02.003 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DJ5VJ UT WOS:000374277900017 PM 27102641 ER PT J AU Dehmer, SP Baker-Goering, MM Maciosek, MV Hong, YL Kottke, TE Margolis, KL Will, JC Flottemesch, TJ LaFrance, AB Martinson, BC Thomas, AJ Roy, K AF Dehmer, Steven P. Baker-Goering, Madeleine M. Maciosek, Michael V. Hong, Yuling Kottke, Thomas E. Margolis, Karen L. Will, Julie C. Flottemesch, Thomas J. LaFrance, Amy B. Martinson, Brian C. Thomas, Avis J. Roy, Kakoli TI Modeled Health and Economic Impact of Team-Based Care for Hypertension SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-PRESSURE CONTROL; RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; DISEASE RISK REDUCTION; UNCONTROLLED HYPERTENSION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PHARMACIST COLLABORATION; QUALITY IMPROVEMENT; SELF-MANAGEMENT; HOME AB Introduction: Team-based interventions for hypertension care have been widely studied and shown effective in improving hypertension outcomes. Few studies have evaluated long-term effects of these interventions; none have assessed broad-scale implementation. This study estimates the prospective health, economic, and budgetary impact of universal adoption of a team-based care intervention model that targets people with treated but uncontrolled hypertension in the U.S. Methods: Analysis was conducted in 2014-2015 using a microsimulation model, constructed with various data sources from 1948 to 2014, designed to evaluate prospective cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related interventions in the U.S. population. Ten-year primary outcomes included prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension; incident myocardial infarction, stroke, CVD events, and CVD-related mortality; intervention and net medical costs by payer; productivity; and quality-adjusted life years. Results: About 4.7 million (13%) fewer people with uncontrolled hypertension and 638,000 prevented cardiovascular events would be expected over 10 years. Assuming $525 per enrollee, implementation would cost payers $22.9 billion, but $25.3 billion would be saved in averted medical costs. Estimated net cost savings for Medicare approached $5.8 billion. Net costs were especially sensitive to intervention costs, with break-even thresholds of $300 (private), $450 (Medicaid), and $750 (Medicare). Conclusions: Nationwide adoption of team-based care for uncontrolled hypertension could have sizable effects in reducing CVD burden. Based on the study's assumptions, the policy would be cost saving from the perspective of Medicare and may prove to be cost effective from other payers' perspectives. Expected net cost savings for Medicare would more than offset expected net costs for all other insurers. (C) 2016 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Dehmer, Steven P.; Maciosek, Michael V.; Kottke, Thomas E.; Margolis, Karen L.; Flottemesch, Thomas J.; LaFrance, Amy B.; Martinson, Brian C.; Thomas, Avis J.] HealthPartners Inst, Mail Stop 23301A,POB 1524, Minneapolis, MN 55440 USA. [Baker-Goering, Madeleine M.; Roy, Kakoli] CDC, Off Associate Director Policy, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hong, Yuling; Will, Julie C.] CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dehmer, SP (reprint author), HealthPartners Inst, Mail Stop 23301A,POB 1524, Minneapolis, MN 55440 USA. EM steven.p.dehmer@healthpartners.com FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Office of the Associate Director for Policy; CDC [200-2012-53738] FX Publication of this article has been sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Office of the Associate Director for Policy. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC.; The authors wish to acknowledge Zhuo Yang, in the Office of the Associate Director for Policy at CDC, for his data assistance and Anil Thota, formerly in the Community Guide Branch at CDC, for his subject matter expertise. Support for this study was provided under contract 200-2012-53738 with CDC. NR 72 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 50 IS 5 SU 1 BP S34 EP S44 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.01.027 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DJ5VL UT WOS:000374278100007 PM 27102856 ER PT J AU Grosse, SD Berry, RJ Tilford, JM Kucik, JE Waitzman, NJ AF Grosse, Scott D. Berry, Robert J. Tilford, J. Mick Kucik, James E. Waitzman, Norman J. TI Retrospective Assessment of Cost Savings From Prevention Folic Acid Fortification and Spina Bifida in the US SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; CORN MASA FLOUR; UNITED-STATES; BIRTH-DEFECTS; VITAMIN-B-12 CONCENTRATIONS; ECONOMIC EVALUATIONS; FOOD FORTIFICATION; POTENTIAL IMPACT; CANCER INCIDENCE; POPULATION AB Introduction: Although fortification of food with folic acid has been calculated to be cost saving in the U.S., updated estimates are needed. This analysis calculates new estimates from the societal perspective of net cost savings per year associated with mandatory folic acid fortification of enriched cereal grain products in the U.S. that was implemented during 1997-1998. Methods: Estimates of annual numbers of live-born spina bifida cases in 1995-1996 relative to 1999-2011 based on birth defects surveillance data were combined during 2015 with published estimates of the present value of lifetime direct costs updated in 2014 U.S. dollars for a live-born infant with spina bifida to estimate avoided direct costs and net cost savings. Results: The fortification mandate is estimated to have reduced the annual number of U.S. live-born spina bifida cases by 767, with a lower-bound estimate of 614. The present value of mean direct lifetime cost per infant with spina bifida is estimated to be $791,900, or $577,000 excluding caregiving costs. Using a best estimate of numbers of avoided live-born spina bifida cases, fortification is estimated to reduce the present value of total direct costs for each year's birth cohort by $603 million more than the cost of fortification. A lower-bound estimate of cost savings using conservative assumptions, including the upper-bound estimate of fortification cost, is $299 million. Conclusions: The estimates of cost savings are larger than previously reported, even using conservative assumptions. The analysis can also inform assessments of folic acid fortification in other countries. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine. C1 [Grosse, Scott D.; Berry, Robert J.] CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop E-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Tilford, J. Mick] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Fay W Boozman Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Kucik, James E.] CDC, Off Associate Director Policy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Waitzman, Norman J.] Univ Utah, Dept Econ, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop E-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sgrosse@cdc.gov OI Berry, Robert/0000-0002-7162-5046 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Office of the Associate Director for Policy FX Publication of this article has been sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Office of the Associate Director for Policy. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC. NR 66 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 50 IS 5 SU 1 BP S74 EP S80 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.10.012 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DJ5VL UT WOS:000374278100012 PM 26790341 ER PT J AU Matjasko, JL Cawley, JH Baker-Goering, MM Yokum, DV AF Matjasko, Jennifer L. Cawley, John H. Baker-Goering, Madeleine M. Yokum, David V. TI Applying Behavioral Economics to Public Health Policy Illustrative Examples and Promising Directions SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SMOKING-CESSATION; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; FRAMED MESSAGES; WEIGHT-LOSS AB Behavioral economics provides an empirically informed perspective on how individuals make decisions, including the important realization that even subtle features of the environment can have meaningful impacts on behavior. This commentary provides examples from the literature and recent government initiatives that incorporate concepts from behavioral economics in order to improve health, decision making, and government efficiency. The examples highlight the potential for behavioral economics to improve the effectiveness of public health policy at low cost. Although incorporating insights from behavioral economics into public health policy has the potential to improve population health, its integration into government public health programs and policies requires careful design and continual evaluation of such interventions. Limitations and drawbacks of the approach are discussed. (C) 2016 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Matjasko, Jennifer L.; Baker-Goering, Madeleine M.] CDC, Off Associate Director Policy, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cawley, John H.] Cornell Univ, Dept Econ, Dept Policy Anal & Management, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Yokum, David V.] Gen Serv Adm, Social & Behav Sci Team, Washington, DC USA. RP Matjasko, JL (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Chapin Hall,1313 East 60th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM jmatjasko@chapinhall.org RI Cawley, John/E-6734-2010 OI Cawley, John/0000-0002-4805-9883 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Office of the Associate Director for Policy FX Publication of this article has been sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Office of the Associate Director for Policy. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC, the U.S. Social and Behavioral Sciences Team, or the General Services Administration. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 50 IS 5 SU 1 BP S13 EP S19 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.02.007 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DJ5VL UT WOS:000374278100004 PM 27102853 ER PT J AU Nelson, RE Stevens, VW Khader, K Jones, M Samore, MH Evans, ME Scott, RD Slayton, RB Schweizer, ML Perencevich, EL Rubin, MA AF Nelson, Richard E. Stevens, Vanessa W. Khader, Karim Jones, Makoto Samore, Matthew H. Evans, Martin E. Scott, R. Douglas, II Slayton, Rachel B. Schweizer, Marin L. Perencevich, Eli L. Rubin, Michael A. TI Economic Analysis of Veterans Affairs Initiative to Prevent Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS; ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE; CONTACT PRECAUTIONS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; INTENSIVE-CARE; NASAL CARRIAGE; HIGH-RISK; COLONIZATION; CARRIERS; SYSTEM AB Introduction: In an effort to reduce methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) transmission through universal screening and isolation, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) launched the National MRSA Prevention Initiative in October 2007. The objective of this analysis was to quantify the budget impact and cost effectiveness of this initiative. Methods: An economic model was developed using published data on MRSA hospital-acquired infection (HAI) rates in the VA from October 2007 to September 2010; estimates of the costs of MRSA HAIs in the VA; and estimates of the intervention costs, including salaries of staff members hired to support the initiative at each VA facility. To estimate the rate of MRSA HAIs that would have occurred if the initiative had not been implemented, two different assumptions were made: no change and a downward temporal trend. Effectiveness was measured in life-years gained. Results: The initiative resulted in an estimated 1,466-2,176 fewer MRSA HAIs. The initiative itself was estimated to cost $207 million during this 3-year period, while the cost savings from prevented MRSA HAIs ranged from $27 million to $75 million. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios ranged from $28,048 to $56,944/life-years. The overall impact on the VA's budget was $131-$179 million. Conclusions: Wide-scale implementation of a national MRSA surveillance and prevention strategy in VA inpatient settings may have prevented a substantial number of MRSA HAIs. Although the savings associated with prevented infections helped offset some but not all of the cost of the initiative, this model indicated that the initiative would be considered cost effective. (C) 2016 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. C1 [Nelson, Richard E.; Stevens, Vanessa W.; Khader, Karim; Jones, Makoto; Samore, Matthew H.; Rubin, Michael A.] Vet Affairs Salt Lake City Hlth Care Syst, 500 Foothill Blvd, Salt Lake City, UT 84148 USA. [Nelson, Richard E.; Khader, Karim; Jones, Makoto; Samore, Matthew H.; Rubin, Michael A.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Stevens, Vanessa W.] Univ Utah, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmacotherapy, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Evans, Martin E.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lexington, KY USA. [Evans, Martin E.] Vet Hlth Adm, MRSA MDRO Program, Natl Infect Dis Serv, Lexington, KY USA. [Evans, Martin E.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Internal Med, Lexington, KY USA. [Scott, R. Douglas, II; Slayton, Rachel B.] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schweizer, Marin L.; Perencevich, Eli L.] Iowa City Vet Affairs Hlth Care Syst, Iowa City, IA USA. [Schweizer, Marin L.; Perencevich, Eli L.] Univ Iowa, Dept Internal Med, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Nelson, RE (reprint author), Vet Affairs Salt Lake City Hlth Care Syst, 500 Foothill Blvd, Salt Lake City, UT 84148 USA. EM richard.nelson@utah.edu OI Stevens, Vanessa/0000-0001-8933-5453 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Office of the Associate Director for Policy; Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Office of Research and Development, Health Services Research and Development Service [CDA 11-210] FX Publication of this article has been sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Office of the Associate Director for Policy.; The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Department of Veterans Affairs, CDC, or the U.S. Government. The contents of this article were presented at the Third International Conference on Prevention & Infection Control in June 2015 in Geneva, Switzerland and the Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Conference in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania In July 2015. The research reported here was supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Office of Research and Development, Health Services Research and Development Service (CDA 11-210) with Dr. Nelson as the principal investigator. REN, MJ, MHS, MEE, MLS, ELP, and MAR are employees of the Department of Veterans Affairs. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 50 IS 5 SU 1 BP S58 EP S65 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.10.016 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DJ5VL UT WOS:000374278100010 PM 27102860 ER PT J AU Scharff, RL Besser, J Sharp, DJ Jones, TF Gerner-Smidt, P Hedberg, CW AF Scharff, Robert L. Besser, John Sharp, Donald J. Jones, Timothy F. Gerner-Smidt, Peter Hedberg, Craig W. TI An Economic Evaluation of PulseNet A Network for Food borne Disease Surveillance SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; FOODBORNE ILLNESS AB The PulseNet surveillance system is a molecular subtyping network of public health and food regulatory agency laboratories designed to identify and facilitate investigation of foodborne illness outbreaks. This study estimates health and economic impacts associated with PulseNet. The staggered adoption of PulseNet across the states offers a natural experiment to evaluate its effectiveness, which is measured as reduction of reported illnesses due to improved information, enhanced industry accountability, and more-rapid recalls. Economic impacts attributable to PulseNet include medical costs and productivity losses averted due to reduced illness. Program costs are also reported. Better information and accountability from enhanced surveillance is associated with large reductions of reported illnesses. Data collected between 1994 and 2009 were assembled and analyzed between 2010 and 2015. Conservatively, accounting for underreporting and underdiagnosis, 266,522 illnesses from Salmonella, 9,489 illnesses from Escherichia coli (E. coli), and 56 illnesses due to Listeria monocytogenes are avoided annually. This reduces medical and productivity costs by $507 million. Additionally, direct effects from improved recalls reduce illnesses from E. coli by 2,819 and Salmonella by 16,994, leading to $37 million in costs averted. Annual costs to public health agencies are $7.3 million. The PulseNet system makes possible the identification of food safety risks by detecting widespread or non-focal outbreaks. This gives stakeholders information for informed decision making and provides a powerful incentive for industry. Furthermore, PulseNet enhances the focus of regulatory agencies and limits the impact of outbreaks. The health and economic benefits from PulseNet and the foodborne disease surveillance system are substantial. (C) 2016 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Scharff, Robert L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Human Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Besser, John; Sharp, Donald J.; Gerner-Smidt, Peter] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jones, Timothy F.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Hedberg, Craig W.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Scharff, RL (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, 1787 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM scharff.8@osu.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Office of the Associate Director for Policy; Association of Public Health Laboratories; CDC [U60/CD303019] FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Office of the Associate Director for Policy. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC.; This study was supported by the Association of Public Health Laboratories and CDC under Cooperative Agreement U60/CD303019. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 50 IS 5 SU 1 BP S66 EP S73 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.09.018 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DJ5VL UT WOS:000374278100011 PM 26993535 ER PT J AU Teutsch, SM Glied, S Roy, K AF Teutsch, Steven M. Glied, Sherry Roy, Kakoli TI Strengthening the Use of Economics in Informing US Public Health Policy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Teutsch, Steven M.] Inst Publ Hlth, Oakland, CA USA. [Teutsch, Steven M.] Univ So Calif, Leonard D Schaeffer Ctr Hlth Policy & Econ, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Teutsch, Steven M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Glied, Sherry] NYU, Robert F Wagner Grad Sch Publ Serv, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Roy, Kakoli] CDC, Policy Res Anal & Dev Off, Off Associate Director Policy, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-D28, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Roy, K (reprint author), CDC, Policy Res Anal & Dev Off, Off Associate Director Policy, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-D28, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kjr3@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 50 IS 5 SU 1 BP S1 EP S3 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.02.005 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DJ5VL UT WOS:000374278100001 PM 27102852 ER PT J AU Cheng, GS Campbell, AP Xie, H Stednick, Z Callais, C Leisenring, WM Englund, JA Chien, JW Boeckh, M AF Cheng, Guang-Shing Campbell, Angela P. Xie, Hu Stednick, Zach Callais, Cheryl Leisenring, Wendy M. Englund, Janet A. Chien, Jason W. Boeckh, Michael TI Correlation and Agreement of Handheld Spirometry with Laboratory Spirometry in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients SO BIOLOGY OF BLOOD AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome; Late noninfectious pulmonary complications; Chronic graft-versus-host-disease; Spirometry; Screening ID BRONCHIOLITIS OBLITERANS SYNDROME; VERSUS-HOST-DISEASE; NONINFECTIOUS PULMONARY COMPLICATIONS; CONSENSUS DEVELOPMENT PROJECT; WORKING GROUP-REPORT; CLINICAL-TRIALS; HOME SPIROMETRY; FUNCTION TESTS; GRAFT; AZITHROMYCIN AB Early detection of subclinical lung function decline may help identify allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients who are at increased risk for late noninfectious pulmonary complications, including bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. We evaluated the use of handheld spirometry in this population. Allogeneic HCT recipients enrolled in a single-center observational trial performed weekly spirometry with a handheld spirometer for 1 year after transplantation. Participants performed pulmonary function tests in an outpatient laboratory setting at 3 time points: before transplantation, at day 80 after transplantation, and at 1 year after transplantation. Correlation between the 2 methods was assessed by Pearson and Spearman correlations; agreement was assessed using Bland-Altman plots. A total of 437 subjects had evaluable pulmonary function tests. Correlation for forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was r = .954 (P < .0001) at day 80 and r = .931 (P < .0001) at 1 year when the handheld and laboratory tests were performed within 1 day of each other. Correlation for handheld forced expiratory volume in 6 seconds (FEV6) with laboratory forced vital capacity was r = .914 (P < .0001) at day 80 and r = .826 (P < .0001) at 1 year. The bias, or the mean difference (handheld minus laboratory), for FEV1 at day 80 and 1 year was -.13 L (limits of agreement, -.63 to .37) and -.10 L (limits of agreement, -.77 to .56), respectively. FEV6 showed greater bias at day 80 (-.51 L [limits of agreement, -1.44 to .42]) and 1 year (-.40 L [limits of agreement, -1.81 to 1.01]). Handheld spirometry correlated well with laboratory spirometry after allogeneic HCT and may be useful for self-monitoring of patients for early identification of airflow obstruction. (C) 2016 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. C1 [Cheng, Guang-Shing; Xie, Hu; Leisenring, Wendy M.; Chien, Jason W.; Boeckh, Michael] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res, 1100 Fairview Ave N,D5-360, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Cheng, Guang-Shing; Chien, Jason W.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Campbell, Angela P.; Stednick, Zach; Callais, Cheryl; Englund, Janet A.; Boeckh, Michael] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Vaccine & Infect Dis Div, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Campbell, Angela P.; Englund, Janet A.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Campbell, Angela P.; Englund, Janet A.] Seattle Childrens Hosp, Pediat Infect Dis, Seattle, WA USA. [Chien, Jason W.] Gilead Sci Inc, 353 Lakeside Dr, Foster City, CA 94404 USA. [Boeckh, Michael] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Div Allergy & Infect Dis, Seattle, WA USA. [Campbell, Angela P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cheng, GS (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res, 1100 Fairview Ave N,D5-360, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM gcheng2@fredhutch.org OI Cheng, Guang-Shing/0000-0003-4324-9634 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [RO1 HL081595]; NIH [K23 HL91059, K24 HL93294, ALC-CA 18029] FX This study was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) RO1 HL081595, NIH ALC-CA 18029 (Core C), NIH K23 HL91059, and NIH K24 HL93294. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1083-8791 EI 1523-6536 J9 BIOL BLOOD MARROW TR JI Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 22 IS 5 BP 925 EP 931 DI 10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.12.023 PG 7 WC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation SC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation GA DJ5VF UT WOS:000374277500021 PM 26748162 ER PT J AU Pritt, BS Mead, PS Johnson, DKH Neitzel, DF Respicio-Kingry, LB Davis, JRP Schiffman, E Sloan, LM Schriefer, ME Replogle, AJ Paskewitz, SM Ray, JA Bjork, J Steward, CR Deedon, A Lee, X Kingry, LC Miller, TK Feist, MA Theel, ES Patel, R Irish, CL Petersen, JM AF Pritt, Bobbi S. Mead, Paul S. Johnson, Diep K. Hoang Neitzel, David F. Respicio-Kingry, Laurel B. Davis, Jeff Rey P. Schiffman, Elizabeth Sloan, Lynne M. Schriefer, Martin E. Replogle, Adam J. Paskewitz, Susan M. Ray, Julie A. Bjork, Jenna Steward, Christopher R. Deedon, Alecia Lee, Xia Kingry, Luke C. Miller, Tracy K. Feist, Michelle A. Theel, Elitza S. Patel, Robin Irish, Cole L. Petersen, Jeannine M. TI Identification of a novel pathogenic Borrelia species causing Lyme borreliosis with unusually high spirochaetaemia: a descriptive study SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MULTILOCUS SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; BORNE RELAPSING FEVER; UNITED-STATES; ERYTHEMA MIGRANS; CLINICAL-MANIFESTATIONS; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; SP-NOV; BURGDORFERI; DISEASE; GARINII AB Background Lyme borreliosis is the most common tick-borne disease in the northern hemisphere. It is a multisystem disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies and characterised by tissue localisation and low spirochaetaemia. In this study we aimed to describe a novel Borrelia species causing Lyme borreliosis in the USA. Methods At the Mayo clinic, from 2003 to 2014, we tested routine clinical diagnostic specimens from patients in the USA with PCR targeting the oppA1 gene of B burgdorferi sensu lato. We identified positive specimens with an atypical PCR result (melting temperature outside of the expected range) by sequencing, microscopy, or culture. We collected Ixodes scapularis ticks from regions of suspected patient tick exposure and tested them by oppA1 PCR. Findings 100 545 specimens were submitted by physicians for routine PCR from Jan 1, 2003 to Sept 30, 2014. From these samples, six clinical specimens (five blood, one synovial fluid) yielded an atypical oppA1 PCR product, but no atypical results were detected before 2012. Five of the six patients with atypical PCR results had presented with fever, four had diffuse or focal rash, three had symptoms suggestive of neurological inclusion, and two were admitted to hospital. The sixth patient presented with knee pain and swelling. Motile spirochaetes were seen in blood samples from one patient and cultured from blood samples from two patients. Among the five blood specimens, the median oppA1 copy number was 180 times higher than that in 13 specimens that tested positive for B burgdorferi sensu stricto during the same time period. Multigene sequencing identified the spirochaete as a novel B burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies. This same genospecies was detected in ticks collected at a probable patient exposure site. Interpretation We describe a new pathogenic Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies (candidatus Borrelia mayonii) in the upper midwestern USA, which causes Lyme borreliosis with unusually high spirochaetaemia. Clinicians should be aware of this new B burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies, its distinct clinical features, and the usefulness of oppA1 PCR for diagnosis. C1 [Pritt, Bobbi S.; Sloan, Lynne M.; Ray, Julie A.; Theel, Elitza S.; Patel, Robin; Irish, Cole L.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Mead, Paul S.; Respicio-Kingry, Laurel B.; Schriefer, Martin E.; Replogle, Adam J.; Kingry, Luke C.; Petersen, Jeannine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Johnson, Diep K. Hoang; Davis, Jeff Rey P.; Steward, Christopher R.; Deedon, Alecia] Wisconsin Dept Hlth Serv, Madison, WI USA. [Neitzel, David F.; Schiffman, Elizabeth; Ray, Julie A.; Bjork, Jenna] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Paskewitz, Susan M.; Lee, Xia] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Miller, Tracy K.; Feist, Michelle A.] North Dakota Dept Hlth, Bismarck, ND USA. RP Pritt, BS (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Div Clin Microbiol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM pritt.bobbi@mayo.edu OI Kingry, Luke/0000-0002-5724-2575 FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity for Infectious Diseases (ELC); Mayo Clinic Small Grant programme FX US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity for Infectious Diseases (ELC) Cooperative Agreement and Mayo Clinic Small Grant programme. NR 31 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 5 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1473-3099 EI 1474-4457 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 16 IS 5 BP 556 EP 564 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00464-8 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DJ5TL UT WOS:000374272900026 PM 26856777 ER PT J AU Gregson, J Tang, M Ndembi, N Hamers, RL Rhee, SY Marconi, VC Diero, L Brooks, K Theys, K de Wit, TFR Arruda, M Garcia, F Monge, S Gunthard, HF Hoffmann, CJ Kanki, PJ Kumarasamy, N Kerschberger, B Mor, O Charpentier, C Todesco, E Rokx, C Gras, L Halvas, EK Sunpath, H Di Carlo, D Antinori, A Andreoni, M Latini, A Mussini, C Aghokeng, A Sonnerborg, A Neogi, U Fessel, WJ Agolory, S Yang, CF Blanco, JL Juma, JM Smit, E Schmidt, D Watera, C Asio, J Kirungi, W Tostevin, A El-Hay, T Clumeck, N Goedhals, D van Vuuren, C Bester, PA Sabin, C Mukui, I Santoro, MM Perno, CF Hunt, G Morris, L Camacho, R de Oliveira, T Pillay, D Schulter, E Murakami-Ogasawara, A Reyes-Teran, G Romero, K Avila-Rios, S Sirivichayakul, S Ruxrungtham, K Mekprasan, S Dunn, D Kaleebu, P Raizes, E Kantor, R Shafer, RW Gupta, RK AF Gregson, John Tang, Michele Ndembi, Nicaise Hamers, Raph L. Rhee, Soo-Yon Marconi, Vincent C. Diero, Lameck Brooks, Katherine Theys, Kristof de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke Arruda, Monica Garcia, Frederico Monge, Susana Gunthard, Huldrych F. Hoffmann, Christopher J. Kanki, Phyllis J. Kumarasamy, Nagalingeshwaran Kerschberger, Bernard Mor, Orna Charpentier, Charlotte Todesco, Eva Rokx, Casper Gras, Luuk Halvas, Elias K. Sunpath, Henry Di Carlo, Domenico Antinori, Antonio Andreoni, Massimo Latini, Alessandra Mussini, Cristina Aghokeng, Avelin Sonnerborg, Anders Neogi, Ujjwal Fessel, William J. Agolory, Simon Yang, Chunfu Blanco, Jose L. Juma, James M. Smit, Erasmus Schmidt, Daniel Watera, Christine Asio, Juliet Kirungi, Wilford Tostevin, Anna El-Hay, Tal Clumeck, Nathan Goedhals, Dominique van Vuuren, Cloete Bester, Philip Armand Sabin, Caroline Mukui, Irene Santoro, Maria M. Perno, Carlo F. Hunt, Gillian Morris, Lynn Camacho, Ricardo de Oliveira, Tulio Pillay, Deenan Schulter, Eugene Murakami-Ogasawara, Akio Reyes-Teran, Gustavo Romero, Karla Avila-Rios, Santiago Sirivichayakul, Sunee Ruxrungtham, Kiat Mekprasan, Suwanna Dunn, David Kaleebu, Pontiano Raizes, Elliot Kantor, Rami Shafer, Robert W. Gupta, Ravindra K. CA TenoRes Study Grp TI Global epidemiology of drug resistance after failure of WHO recommended first-line regimens for adult HIV-1 infection: a multicentre retrospective cohort study SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; VIROLOGICAL FAILURE; HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS; NAIVE PATIENTS; SUBTYPE C; EFAVIRENZ; EMTRICITABINE; LAMIVUDINE AB Background Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial for controlling HIV-1 infection through wide-scale treatment as prevention and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Potent tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-containing regimens are increasingly used to treat and prevent HIV, although few data exist for frequency and risk factors of acquired drug resistance in regions hardest hit by the HIV pandemic. We aimed to do a global assessment of drug resistance after virological failure with first-line tenofovir-containing ART. Methods The TenoRes collaboration comprises adult HIV treatment cohorts and clinical trials of HIV drug resistance testing in Europe, Latin and North America, sub-Saharan Africa, and Asia. We extracted and harmonised data for patients undergoing genotypic resistance testing after virological failure with a first-line regimen containing tenofovir plus a cytosine analogue (lamivudine or emtricitabine) plus a non-nucleotide reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI; efavirenz or nevirapine). We used an individual participant-level meta-analysis and multiple logistic regression to identify covariates associated with drug resistance. Our primary outcome was tenofovir resistance, defined as presence of K65R/N or K70E/G/Q mutations in the reverse transcriptase (RT) gene. Findings We included 1926 patients from 36 countries with treatment failure between 1998 and 2015. Prevalence of tenofovir resistance was highest in sub-Saharan Africa (370/654 [57%]). Pre-ART CD4 cell count was the covariate most strongly associated with the development of tenofovir resistance (odds ratio [OR] 1.50, 95% CI 1.27-1.77 for CD4 cell count <100 cells per mu L). Use of lamivudine versus emtricitabine increased the risk of tenofovir resistance across regions (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.20-1.82). Of 700 individuals with tenofovir resistance, 578 (83%) had cytosine analogue resistance (M184V/I mutation), 543 (78%) had major NNRTI resistance, and 457 (65%) had both. The mean plasma viral load at virological failure was similar in individuals with and without tenofovir resistance (145 700 copies per mL [SE 12 480] versus 133 900 copies per mL [SE 16 650; p=0.626]). Interpretation We recorded drug resistance in a high proportion of patients after virological failure on a tenofovir-containing first-line regimen across low-income and middle-income regions. Effective surveillance for transmission of drug resistance is crucial. Copyright (C) The TenoRes Study Group. Open Access article distributed under the terms of CC BY. C1 [Pillay, Deenan; Gupta, Ravindra K.] UCL, Dept Infect, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Tang, Michele; Rhee, Soo-Yon; Shafer, Robert W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Gregson, John] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Stat, London, England. [Ndembi, Nicaise] Inst Human Virol Nigeria, Abuja, Federal Capital, Nigeria. [Hamers, Raph L.; de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Amsterdam Inst Global Hlth & Dev, Dept Global Hlth, NL-1012 WX Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Hamers, Raph L.; de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, NL-1012 WX Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Marconi, Vincent C.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Marconi, Vincent C.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Diero, Lameck] Moi Univ, Eldoret, Kenya. [Diero, Lameck] Acad Model Providing Access Healthcare, Eldoret, Kenya. [Brooks, Katherine] Brown Univ, Alpert Med Sch, Div Infect Dis, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Theys, Kristof; Camacho, Ricardo; Kantor, Rami] KU Leuven Univ Leuven, Rega Inst Med Res, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. [Arruda, Monica] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biol, LVM, BR-21941 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Garcia, Frederico] Complejo Hosp Univ Granada, Granada, Spain. Univ Alcala de Henares, E-28871 Alcala De Henares, Spain. [Monge, Susana] CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain. [Gunthard, Huldrych F.] Univ Zurich, Div Infect Dis & Hosp Epidemiol, Zurich, Switzerland. [Gunthard, Huldrych F.] Univ Zurich, Inst Med Virol, Zurich, Switzerland. [Hoffmann, Christopher J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Hoffmann, Christopher J.] Aurum Inst, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Kanki, Phyllis J.] Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Kumarasamy, Nagalingeshwaran] VHS, YRGCARE Med Ctr, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. [Kerschberger, Bernard] Med Sans Frontieres Operat Ctr Geneva, Mbabane, Swaziland. [Mor, Orna] Israel Minist Hlth, Publ Hlth Serv, Cent Virol Lab, Jerusalem, Israel. [Charpentier, Charlotte] Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France. [Charpentier, Charlotte] INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France. [Charpentier, Charlotte] Hop Bichat Claude Bernard, AP HP, Virol Lab, F-75018 Paris, France. [Todesco, Eva] Hop La Pitie Salpetriere, Lab Virol, Paris, France. [Rokx, Casper] Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med Infect Dis, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Gras, Luuk] Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Halvas, Elias K.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Sunpath, Henry] Ethekwini Dist Hlth Off, Kwa Zulu, South Africa. [Di Carlo, Domenico; Santoro, Maria M.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Expt Med & Surg, Rome, Italy. [Antinori, Antonio] INMI L Spallanzani, Infect Dis Unit, Rome, Italy. [Andreoni, Massimo] Univ Hosp Tor Vergata, Clin Infect Dis, Rome, Italy. [Latini, Alessandra] San Gallicano Dermatol Inst, HIV AIDS Unit, Rome, Italy. [Mussini, Cristina] Azienda Osped Univ Policlin, Clin Infect Dis, Modena, Italy. [Aghokeng, Avelin] Virol Lab CREMER IMPM, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Sonnerborg, Anders; Neogi, Ujjwal] Karolinska Inst, Div Clin Microbiol, Stockholm, Sweden. [Sonnerborg, Anders; Neogi, Ujjwal] Karolinska Inst, Infect Dis Unit, Stockholm, Sweden. [Sonnerborg, Anders; Neogi, Ujjwal] Karolinska Univ Hosp, Stockholm, Sweden. [Fessel, William J.] Kaiser Permanente Med Care Program Northern Calif, San Francisco, CA USA. [Agolory, Simon; Raizes, Elliot] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Yang, Chunfu] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Lab Branch, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Blanco, Jose L.] Univ Barcelona, Inst Invest Biomed August Pi i Sunyer, Clin Univ, Barcelona, Spain. [Juma, James M.] Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Smit, Erasmus] Publ Hlth England, Publ Hlth Lab, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Schmidt, Daniel] Robert Koch Inst, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol HIV AIDS STI & Blood Bo, Berlin, Germany. [Watera, Christine; Asio, Juliet; Kaleebu, Pontiano] Uganda Res Unit AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda. [Tostevin, Anna] Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Tostevin, Anna; Dunn, David] UCL, MRC Clin Trials Unit, London, England. [El-Hay, Tal] IBM Haifa Res Lab, Haifa, Israel. [Clumeck, Nathan] Univ Libre Bruxelles, St Pierre Univ Hosp, Brussels, Belgium. [Goedhals, Dominique; van Vuuren, Cloete] Univ Orange Free State, Dept Med Microbiol & Virol, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Sabin, Caroline] UCL, Infect & Populat Hlth, London, England. [Mukui, Irene] Minist Hlth, Natl AIDS & STI Control Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. [Perno, Carlo F.] INMI L Spallanzani, Antiretroviral Drugs Monitoring Unit, Rome, Italy. [Hunt, Gillian; Morris, Lynn] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [de Oliveira, Tulio; Pillay, Deenan] Wellcome Trust Africa Ctr Hlth & Populat Studies, Durban, South Africa. [de Oliveira, Tulio] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Coll Hlth Sci, Durban, South Africa. [Schulter, Eugene] Univ Cologne, Inst Virol, D-50931 Cologne, Germany. [Murakami-Ogasawara, Akio] Natl Inst Resp Dis, Ctr Res Infect Dis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Sirivichayakul, Sunee; Ruxrungtham, Kiat; Mekprasan, Suwanna] Chulalongkorn Univ, Dept Med, Bangkok, Thailand. [Kaleebu, Pontiano] MRC UVRI Uganda Res Unit AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda. RP Gupta, RK (reprint author), UCL, Dept Infect, London WC1E 6BT, England.; Shafer, RW (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM rshafer@stanford.edur; ravindra.gupta@ucl.ac.uk RI SHCS, all/G-4072-2011; SHCS, int. coll. A/G-4083-2011; perno, carlo federico/O-1544-2016; Infektiologie, USZ/A-6921-2011; gunthard, huldrych/F-1724-2011; OI gunthard, huldrych/0000-0002-1142-6723; Latini, Alessandra/0000-0002-9421-6560; Mukui, Irene/0000-0002-3699-1841 FU Wellcome Trust FX The Wellcome Trust. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1473-3099 EI 1474-4457 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 16 IS 5 BP 565 EP 575 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00536-8 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DJ5TL UT WOS:000374272900027 ER PT J AU Glasser, JW Feng, ZL Omer, SB Smith, PJ Rodewald, LE AF Glasser, John W. Feng, Zhilan Omer, Saad B. Smith, Philip J. Rodewald, Lance E. TI The effect of heterogeneity in uptake of the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine on the potential for outbreaks of measles: a modelling study SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION; POPULATION; DISEASES AB Background Vaccination programmes to prevent outbreaks after introductions of infectious people aim to maintain the average number of secondary infections per infectious person at one or less. We aimed to assess heterogeneity in vaccine uptake and other characteristics that, together with non-random mixing, could increase this number and to evaluate strategies that could mitigate their impact. Methods Because most US children attend elementary school in their own neighbourhoods, surveys of children entering elementary school (age 5 years before Sept 1) allow assessment of spatial heterogeneity in the proportion of children immune to vaccine-preventable diseases. We used data from a 2008 school-entry survey by the Immunization Division of the California Department of Public Health to obtain school addresses; numbers of students enrolled; proportions of enrolled students who had received one or two doses of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine; and proportions with medical or personal-belief exemptions. Using a mixing model suitable for spatially-stratified populations, we projected the expected numbers of secondary infections per infectious person for measles, mumps, and rubella. We also mapped contributions to this number for measles in San Diego County's 638 elementary schools and its largest district, comprising 200 schools (31%). We then modelled the effect on measles' realised reproduction number (R-V) of the following plausible interventions: vaccinating all children with personal-belief exemptions, increasing uptake by 10% to 50% in all low-immunity schools (<90% of students immune) or in only influential (effective daily contact rates >3 or contacts inter-school >30%) low-immunity schools, and increasing private school uptake to the public school average. Findings In 2008, 39 132 children began elementary school in San Diego County, CA, USA. At entry to school, 97% had received at least one dose of the MMR vaccine, with 2.5% having personal-belief exemptions. We note substantial heterogeneity in immunity throughout the county. Although the average population immunities for measles, mumps, and rubella (92%, 87%, 92%) were similar to the population-immunity thresholds in homogeneous, randomly-mixing populations (91%, 88%, 76%), after accounting for heterogeneity and non-random mixing, the basic reproduction numbers increased by 70%, meaning that introduced pathogens could cause outbreaks. The impact of our modelled interventions ranged from negligible to a nearly complete reduction in the outbreak potential of measles. The most effective intervention to lower the realised reproduction number (R-V 3.39) was raising immunity by 50% in 114 schools with low immunity (R-V 1.02), but raising immunity by this level in only influential, low-immunity schools also was effective (R-V 2.02). The effectiveness of vaccinating the 972 children with personal-belief exemptions was similar to that of targeting all low-immunity schools (R-V 1.11). Targeting only private schools had little effect. Interpretation Our findings suggest that increasing vaccine uptake could prevent outbreaks such as that of measles in San Diego in 2008. Vaccinating children with personal-belief exemptions was one of the most effective interventions that we modelled, but further research on mixing in heterogeneous populations is needed. C1 [Glasser, John W.; Smith, Philip J.; Rodewald, Lance E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Feng, Zhilan] Purdue Univ, Dept Math, Coll Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Omer, Saad B.] Emory Univ, Dept Global Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Glasser, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jglasser@cdc.gov OI Rodewald, Lance/0000-0003-2593-542X FU National Science Foundation [DMS-1022758] FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or other institutions with which the authors are affiliated. ZF is supported partly by a grant from the National Science Foundation (DMS-1022758). We are grateful to the late Carol Stanwick for suggesting that we evaluate the usefulness of meta-population reproduction numbers via school-entry surveys; to the Immunization Division of the California Department of Public Health, whose staff performed the school-entry surveys that we used; to David Sugerman and his co-authors, who geocoded school locations; to Bryan Grenfell for discussions leading to figure 3 in the main text and figures 3 and 4 in the appendix; and to Aaron Curns, an editor, and several referees for critiquing earlier drafts of the manuscript. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1473-3099 EI 1474-4457 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 16 IS 5 BP 599 EP 605 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(16)00004-9 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DJ5TL UT WOS:000374272900031 PM 26852723 ER PT J AU Liu, F Sun, XJ Fairman, J Lewis, DB Katz, JM Levine, M Tumpey, TM Lu, XH AF Liu, Feng Sun, Xiangjie Fairman, Jeffery Lewis, David B. Katz, Jacqueline M. Levine, Min Tumpey, Terrence M. Lu, Xiuhua TI A cationic liposome-DNA complexes adjuvant (JVRS-100) enhances the immunogenicity and cross-protective efficacy of pre-pandemic influenza A (H5N1) vaccine in ferrets SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Influenza A (H5N1) vaccine; CLDC adjuvant; Antibody response; Cross-protection; Ferrets ID UNITED-STATES; VIRUS-INFECTION; HUMANS; RESPONSES; IMMUNITY; TRANSMISSION; PATHOGENESIS; CHALLENGE; ANTIBODY; ORIGIN AB Influenza A (H5N1) viruses continue to pose a public health threat. As inactivated H5N1 vaccines are poorly immunogenic, adjuvants are needed to improve the immunogenicity of H5N1 vaccine in humans. Here, we investigated the immunogenicity and cross-protective efficacy in ferrets of a Glade 2.2-derived vaccine with addition of JVRS-100, an adjuvant consisting of cationic liposome-DNA complexes (CLDC). After the first vaccination, significantly higher levels of hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) and neutralizing antibody titers were detected in ferrets immunized with adjuvanted vaccine compared to unadjuvanted vaccine. Following a second dose of adjuvanted vaccine, HAI antibody titers of >= 40 were detected against viruses from multiple H5N1 clades. HAI antibodies against newly isolated H5N2 and H5N8 viruses were also augmented by JVRS-100. Ferrets were challenged with a heterologous H5N1 virus. All ferrets that received two doses of adjuvanted vaccine exhibited mild illness, significantly reduced nasal wash virus titers and protection from lethal challenge. In contrast, ferrets that received unadjuvanted vaccine showed greater weight loss, high viral titers and 3 of 6 animals succumbed to the lethal challenge. Our results indicate that the addition of JVRS-100 to H5N1 vaccine enhanced immunogenicity and cross-protection against lethal H5N1 virus disease in ferrets. JVRS-100 warrants further investigation as a potential adjuvant for influenza vaccines. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Liu, Feng; Sun, Xiangjie; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Levine, Min; Tumpey, Terrence M.; Lu, Xiuhua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fairman, Jeffery] Juvaris BioTherapeut, Pleasanton, CA 94566 USA. [Lewis, David B.] Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Interdept Program Immunol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Lewis, David B.] Stanford Univ, Inst Immun Transplantat & Infect, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Lu, XH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM xal0@cdc.gov FU NIAID, United States [1U01AI074512-1] FX We thank the WHO Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System for providing the HPAI H5N1 virus isolates. We thank the BARDA and Sanofi Pasteur for providing H5N1 split vaccine, and CBER/FDA for performing the vaccine potency test. We also thank Dr. Todd Davis from the Virus Surveillance and Diagnosis Branch, CDC Influenza Division for his technical input on the manuscript. This work was supported in part by NIAID, United States Grant 1U01AI074512-1 (to J. Fairman, and D.B. Lewis). NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD MAY PY 2016 VL 492 BP 197 EP 203 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2016.02.024 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA DJ4WX UT WOS:000374209900022 PM 26967975 ER PT J AU Bell, ME Lasker, BA Klenk, HP Hoyles, L Sproer, C Schumann, P Brown, JM AF Bell, Melissa E. Lasker, Brent A. Klenk, Hans-Peter Hoyles, Lesley Sproeer, Catherine Schumann, Peter Brown, June M. TI Kroppenstedtia pulmonis sp nov and Kroppenstedtia sanguinis sp nov., isolated from human patients SO ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL AND MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Kroppenstedtia species; Kroppenstedtia pulmonis; Kroppenstedtia sanguinis; Polyphasic taxonomy; 16S rRNA gene; Thermoactinomycetes ID ET-AL. 2006; GEN. NOV.; FAMILY THERMOACTINOMYCETACEAE; EMENDED DESCRIPTION; RENATURATION RATES; DNA HYBRIDIZATION; IDENTIFICATION; MEMBER; CHROMATOGRAPHY; ACID AB Three human clinical strains (W9323(T), X0209(T) and X0394) isolated from a lung biopsy, blood and cerebral spinal fluid, respectively, were characterised using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed the three strains belong to two novel branches within the genus Kroppenstedtia: 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of W9323(T) showed close sequence similarity to Kroppenstedtia eburnea JFMB-ATE(T) (95.3 %), Kroppenstedtia guangzhouensis GD02(T) (94.7 %) and strain X0209(T) (94.6 %); sequence analysis of strain X0209(T) showed close sequence similarity to K. eburnea JFMB-ATE(T) (96.4 %) and K. guangzhouensis GD02(T) (96.0 %). Strains X0209(T) and X0394 were 99.9 % similar to each other by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The DNA-DNA relatedness was 94.6 %, confirming that X0209(T) and X0394 belong to the same species. Chemotaxonomic data for strains W9323(T) and X0209(T) were consistent with those described for the members of the genus Kroppenstedtia: the peptidoglycan was found to contain LL-diaminopimelic acid; the major cellular fatty acids were identified as iso-C-15 and anteiso-C-15; and the major menaquinone was identified as MK-7. Differences in endospore morphology, carbon source utilisation profiles, and cell wall sugar patterns of strains W9323(T) and X0209(T), supported by phylogenetic analysis, enabled us to conclude that the strains each represent a new species within the genus Kroppenstedtia, for which the names Kroppenstedtia pulmonis sp. nov. (type strain W9323(T) = DSM 45752(T) = CCUG 68107(T)) and Kroppenstedtia sanguinis sp. nov. (type strain X0209(T) = DSM 45749(T) = CCUG 38657(T)) are proposed. C1 [Bell, Melissa E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bldg 17,Room 2209,Mailstop D-11,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lasker, Brent A.; Brown, June M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Klenk, Hans-Peter] Newcastle Univ, Sch Biol, Sch, Ridley Bldg 2, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [Sproeer, Catherine; Schumann, Peter] Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany. [Hoyles, Lesley] Univ Westminster, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Biomed Sci, 115 New Cavendish St, London W1W 6UW, England. RP Bell, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bldg 17,Room 2209,Mailstop D-11,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jqv7@cdc.gov OI Hoyles, Lesley/0000-0002-6418-342X; Bell, Melissa/0000-0003-1184-5976 NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-6072 EI 1572-9699 J9 ANTON LEEUW INT J G JI Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek PD MAY PY 2016 VL 109 IS 5 BP 603 EP 610 DI 10.1007/s10482-016-0663-z PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DJ3MY UT WOS:000374110800001 PM 26910402 ER PT J AU Epstein, L Edwards, JR Halpin, AL Preas, MA Blythe, D Harris, AD Hunt, D Johnson, JK Filippell, M Gould, CV Leekha, S AF Epstein, Lauren Edwards, Jonathan R. Halpin, Alison Laufer Preas, Michael Anne Blythe, David Harris, Anthony D. Hunt, David Johnson, J. Kristie Filippell, Mala Gould, Carolyn V. Leekha, Surbhi TI Evaluation of a Novel Intervention to Reduce Unnecessary Urine Cultures in Intensive Care Units at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Maryland, 2011-2014 SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRACT-INFECTION AB We assessed the impact of a reflex urine culture protocol, an intervention aimed to reduce unnecessary urine culturing, in intensive care units at a tertiary care hospital. Significant decreases in urine culturing rates and reported rates of catheter-associated urinary tract infection followed implementation of the protocol. C1 [Epstein, Lauren; Edwards, Jonathan R.; Halpin, Alison Laufer; Gould, Carolyn V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Epstein, Lauren] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Preas, Michael Anne; Hunt, David; Filippell, Mala] Univ Maryland, Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Blythe, David] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Harris, Anthony D.; Johnson, J. Kristie; Leekha, Surbhi] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Epstein, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Xdd0@cdc.gov RI Laufer Halpin, Alison/E-5453-2015 OI Laufer Halpin, Alison/0000-0003-1643-1617 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 37 IS 5 BP 606 EP 609 DI 10.1017/ice.2016.9 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DJ3SU UT WOS:000374127300018 PM 26832608 ER PT J AU Kuhns, LG Benoit, SL Bayyareddy, K Johnson, D Orlando, R Evans, AL Waldrop, GL Maier, RJ AF Kuhns, Lisa G. Benoit, Stephane L. Bayyareddy, Krishnareddy Johnson, Darryl Orlando, Ron Evans, Alexandra L. Waldrop, Grover L. Maier, Robert J. TI Carbon Fixation Driven by Molecular Hydrogen Results in Chemolithoautotrophically Enhanced Growth of Helicobacter pylori SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RHIZOBIUM-JAPONICUM; STRAINS; PATHOGENESIS; GASTRITIS; BACTERIA; ARTICLE; DISEASE; MUCUS AB A molecular hydrogen (H-2)-stimulated, chemolithoautotrophic growth mode for the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori is reported. In a culture medium containing peptides and amino acids, H-2-supplied cells consistently achieved 40 to 60% greater growth yield in 16 h and accumulated 3-fold more carbon from [C-14]bicarbonate (on a per cell basis) in a 10-h period than cells without H-2. Global proteomic comparisons of cells supplied with different atmospheric conditions revealed that addition of H-2 led to increased amounts of hydrogenase and the biotin carboxylase subunit of acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) carboxylase (ACC), as well as other proteins involved in various cellular functions, including amino acid metabolism, heme synthesis, or protein degradation. In agreement with this result, H-2-supplied cells contained 3-fold more ACC activity than cells without H-2. Other possible carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation enzymes were not up-expressed under the H-2-containing atmosphere. As the gastric mucus is limited in carbon and energy sources and the bacterium lacks mucinase, this new growth mode may contribute to the persistence of the pathogen in vivo. This is the first time that chemolithoautotrophic growth is described for a pathogen. IMPORTANCE Many pathogens must survive within host areas that are poorly supplied with carbon and energy sources, and the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori resides almost exclusively in the nutritionally stringent mucus barrier of its host. Although this bacterium is already known to be highly adaptable to gastric niches, a new aspect of its metabolic flexibility, whereby molecular hydrogen use (energy) is coupled to carbon dioxide fixation (carbon acquisition) via a described carbon fixation enzyme, is shown here. This growth mode, which supplements heterotrophy, is termed chemolithoautotrophy and has not been previously reported for a pathogen. C1 [Kuhns, Lisa G.; Benoit, Stephane L.; Bayyareddy, Krishnareddy; Maier, Robert J.] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Johnson, Darryl; Orlando, Ron] Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, 220 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Evans, Alexandra L.; Waldrop, Grover L.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Kuhns, Lisa G.] Univ Georgia, Dept Infect Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bayyareddy, Krishnareddy] Monsanto Hawaii, Kunia, HI USA. [Johnson, Darryl] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Maier, RJ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM rmaier@uga.edu FU UGA Research Foundation (Microbial Physiology) FX This work, including the efforts of Robert J. Maier, was funded by UGA Research Foundation (Microbial Physiology). NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 EI 1098-5530 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 198 IS 9 BP 1423 EP 1428 DI 10.1128/JB.00041-16 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DJ3LK UT WOS:000374106500009 PM 26929299 ER PT J AU Tonozzi, TR Layne, LA AF Tonozzi, Theresa R. Layne, Larry A. TI Hired crop worker injuries on farms in the United States: A comparison of two survey periods from the National Agricultural Workers Survey SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE occupational injuries; injury rate; farm labor; crop workers; foreign-born workers ID NEW-YORK-STATE; SEASONAL FARMWORKERS; OCCUPATIONAL INJURY; MIGRANT; PAIN; MICASA; TEXAS; OLDER AB BackgroundHired crop workers in the United States are at high risk of occupational injury. Targeted surveillance is important for effective occupational safety efforts. MethodsThe National Agricultural Workers Survey was utilized to collect injury data during the years 1999, 2002-2004 (period I) and 2008-2010 (period II). ResultsThe overall injury rate declined between the two periods from 4.3 to 2.9/100 per full-time week-based equivalents (FTEWB). Injury rates remained high during both periods for those with greater than 20 years farm experience (3.6 and 3.8/100 FTEWB) and pesticide handling work (4.9 and 5.0/100 FTEWB). Overexertion, contact with objects and equipment, and falls from height were common during both periods. Older workers comprised a greater proportion of injury cases in period II. ConclusionOverexertion that leads to sprains/strains, dangerous ladder use, and pesticide use should be targeted as important risk exposures on the farm. (c) Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA C1 [Tonozzi, Theresa R.] Associat Sch & Programs Publ Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Layne, Larry A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Safety Res, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 1808, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Layne, LA (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Safety Res, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 1808, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM llayne@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health [U36/CCU300430] FX This study included support for the lead author's fellowship at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health, Cooperative Agreement Number U36/CCU300430. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 59 IS 5 BP 408 EP 423 DI 10.1002/ajim.22578 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DJ0VH UT WOS:000373922000007 PM 26970543 ER PT J AU Wansaula, Z Olsen, SJ Casal, MG Golenko, C Erhart, LM Kammerer, P Whitfield, N McCotter, OZ AF Wansaula, Zimy Olsen, Sonja J. Casal, Mariana G. Golenko, Catherine Erhart, Laura M. Kammerer, Peter Whitfield, Natalie McCotter, Orion Z. TI Surveillance for severe acute respiratory infections in Southern Arizona, 2010-2014 SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Arizona; influenza; respiratory tract diseases; surveillance ID INFLUENZA; VIRUSES; IDENTIFICATION; CHILDREN; STATES AB BackgroundThe Binational Border Infectious Disease Surveillance program began surveillance for severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) on the US-Mexico border in 2009. Here, we describe patients in Southern Arizona. MethodsPatients admitted to five acute care hospitals that met the SARI case definition (temperature 378 degrees C or reported fever or chills with history of cough, sore throat, or shortness of breath in a hospitalized person) were enrolled. Staff completed a standard form and collected a nasopharyngeal swab which was tested for selected respiratory viruses by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. ResultsFrom October 2010-September 2014, we enrolled 332 SARI patients. Fifty-two percent were male and 48% were white non-Hispanic. The median age was 63 years (47% 65 years and 52% <5 years). During hospitalization, 51 of 230 (22%) patients required intubation, 120 of 297 (40%) were admitted to intensive care unit, and 28 of 278 (10%) died. Influenza vaccination was 56%. Of 309 cases tested, 49 (16%) were positive for influenza viruses, 25 (81%) for human metapneumovirus, 20 (65%) for parainfluenza viruses, 16 (52%) for coronavirus, 11 (36%) for respiratory syncytial virus, 10 (32%) for rhinovirus, 4 (13%) for rhinovirus/enterovirus, 3 (10%) for enteroviruses, and 3 (10%) for adenovirus. Among the 49 influenza-positive specimens, 76% were influenza A (19 H3N2, 17 H1N1pdm09, and 1 not subtyped), and 24% were influenza B. ConclusionInfluenza viruses were a frequent cause of SARI in hospitalized patients in Southern Arizona. Monitoring respiratory illness in border populations will help better understand the etiologies. Improving influenza vaccination coverage may help prevent some SARI cases. C1 [Wansaula, Zimy; Casal, Mariana G.; McCotter, Orion Z.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Off Border Hlth, Tucson, AZ USA. [Olsen, Sonja J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Golenko, Catherine; Erhart, Laura M.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Off Infect Dis Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Kammerer, Peter] US Navy, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Whitfield, Natalie] Univ Arizona, Clin & Mol Microbiol, Tucson, AZ USA. [McCotter, Orion Z.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McCotter, OZ (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-09, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM yim4@cdc.gov OI Whitfield, Natalie/0000-0001-9937-9687 FU Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity for Infectious Diseases from U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [3U50CK0004]; Arizona Department of Health Services FX This surveillance was supported by the Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity for Infectious Diseases cooperative agreement (Grant number: 3U50CK0004) from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We would like to thank the staff of St Mary's hospital especially Daniel Lewis, Shannon Mabalot, and Ami Bera; the staff of St Joseph Hospital especially Cynthia Kartchner, and Monica Fontes; the staff of Sells Hospital especially Guadalupe Camarena and Mary Bell. We are thankful to BIDS program at CDC Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, US-Mexico Unit: Dr Steve Waterman, Alba Phippard, Clelia Pezzi, and Sonia Montiel. We also gratefully acknowledge the support of the Arizona Department of Health Services especially Ken Komatsu, Shane Brady, Kristen Herrick, and Robert Guerrero. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD MAY PY 2016 VL 10 IS 3 BP 161 EP 169 DI 10.1111/irv.12360 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DI4SZ UT WOS:000373490900003 PM 26590069 ER PT J AU Durand, LO Cheng, PY Palekar, R Clara, W Jara, J Cerpa, M El Omeiri, N Ropero-Alvarez, AM Ramirez, JB Araya, JL Acosta, B Bruno, A de Lozano, CC Signor, LDC Matute, ML Jackson-Betty, S Mung, KS Diaz-Quinonez, JA Lopez-Martinez, I Balmaseda, A Arevalo, BM Vazquez, C Gutierrez, V Garten, R Widdowson, MA Azziz-Baumgartner, E AF Durand, Lizette Olga Cheng, Po-Yung Palekar, Rakhee Clara, Wilfrido Jara, Jorge Cerpa, Mauricio El Omeiri, Nathalie Ropero-Alvarez, Alba Maria Ramirez, Juliana Barbosa Araya, Jenny Lara Acosta, Belsy Bruno, Alfredo de Lozano, Celina Calderon Castillo Signor, Leticia del Carmen Luisa Matute, Maria Jackson-Betty, Sandra Mung, Kam Suan Alberto Diaz-Quinonez, Jose Lopez-Martinez, Irma Balmaseda, Angel Morneo Arevalo, Brechla Vazquez, Cynthia Gutierrez, Victoria Garten, Rebecca Widdowson, Marc-Alain Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo TI Timing of influenza epidemics and vaccines in the American tropics, 2002-2008, 2011-2014 SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Influenza; surveillence; vaccine ID SEASONALITY; COUNTRIES AB BackgroundInfluenza-associated illness results in increased morbidity and mortality in the Americas. These effects can be mitigated with an appropriately chosen and timed influenza vaccination campaign. To provide guidance in choosing the most suitable vaccine formulation and timing of administration, it is necessary to understand the timing of influenza seasonal epidemics. ObjectivesOur main objective was to determine whether influenza occurs in seasonal patterns in the American tropics and when these patterns occurred. MethodsPublicly available, monthly seasonal influenza data from the Pan American Health Organization and WHO, from countries in the American tropics, were obtained during 2002-2008 and 2011-2014 (excluding unseasonal pandemic activity during 2009-2010). For each country, we calculated the monthly proportion of samples that tested positive for influenza. We applied the monthly proportion data to a logistic regression model for each country. ResultsWe analyzed 2002-2008 and 2011-2014 influenza surveillance data from the American tropics and identified 13 (81%) of 16 countries with influenza epidemics that, on average, started during May and lasted 4 months. ConclusionsThe majority of countries in the American tropics have seasonal epidemics that start in May. Officials in these countries should consider the impact of vaccinating persons during April with the Southern Hemisphere formulation. C1 [Durand, Lizette Olga; Cheng, Po-Yung; Clara, Wilfrido; Garten, Rebecca; Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Palekar, Rakhee; Cerpa, Mauricio; El Omeiri, Nathalie; Ropero-Alvarez, Alba Maria] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. [Jara, Jorge] Univ Valle Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Ramirez, Juliana Barbosa] Inst Nacl Salud, Ctr Nacl Influenza, Virol Lab, Bogota, Colombia. [Araya, Jenny Lara] Inst Costarricense Invest & Ensenanza Nutr & Salu, Ctr Nacl Referencia Virol, Ctr Nacl Influenza, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Acosta, Belsy] Inst Med Trop Pedro Kouri, Ctr Nacl Influenza, Dept Virol, Havana, Cuba. [Bruno, Alfredo] INSPI, Ctr Referencia Nacl Influenza & Otros Virus Resp, Quito, Ecuador. [de Lozano, Celina Calderon] Ctr Nacl Influenza, Unidad Vigilancia Lab Dr Max Bloch, San Salvador, El Salvador. [Castillo Signor, Leticia del Carmen] Ctr Nacl Influenza, Lab Nacl Salud, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Luisa Matute, Maria] Dept Lab Nacl Vigilancia Salud, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. [Jackson-Betty, Sandra] Univ W Indies, Natl Influenza Ctr Jama, Dept Microbiol, Kingston 7, Jamaica. [Mung, Kam Suan] Univ W Indies, PAHO WHO Jama, Natl Influenza Ctr Jama, Dept Microbiol, Kingston 7, Jamaica. [Alberto Diaz-Quinonez, Jose] Minist Hlth, Natl Influenza Ctr, Inst Diagnost & Referencia Epidemiol InDRE, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Balmaseda, Angel] Minist Hlth, Ctr Nacl Diagnost & Referencia, Lab Nacl Virol, Managua, Nicaragua. [Morneo Arevalo, Brechla] Inst Conmemorat Gorgas, Dept Invest Virol, Panama City, Panama. [Vazquez, Cynthia] Lab Cent Salud Publ, Asuncion, Paraguay. [Gutierrez, Victoria] Inst Nacl Salud, Lima, Peru. RP Durand, LO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Vcn6@cdc.gov FU Influenza Division at CDC FX In memory of Alexander Klimov, we would also like to thank the following people for data collection and support: Gisela Barrera Badillo, Raquel Pimentel, and the SARINet working group. We thank Julie Magri for enriching discussion and guidance in the writing of the manuscript. This project was funded by the Influenza Division at CDC. None of the coauthors have any conflict of interests to declare. Note: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Ministries of Health. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD MAY PY 2016 VL 10 IS 3 BP 170 EP 175 DI 10.1111/irv.12371 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DI4SZ UT WOS:000373490900004 PM 26701079 ER PT J AU Muthuri, SG Venkatesan, S Myles, PR Leonardi-Bee, J Lim, WS Al Mamun, A Anovadiya, AP Araujo, WN Azziz-Baumgartner, E Baez, C Bantar, C Barhoush, MM Bassetti, M Beovic, B Bingisser, R Bonmarin, I Borja-Aburto, VH Cao, B Carratala, J Cuezzo, MR Denholm, JT Dominguez, SR Duarte, PAD Dubnov-Raz, G Echavarria, M Fanella, S Fraser, J Gao, ZC Gerardin, P Giannella, M Gubbels, S Herberg, J Iglesias, ALH Hoeger, PH Hoffmann, M Hu, XY Islam, QT Jimenez, MF Kandeel, A Keijzers, G Khalili, H Khandaker, G Knight, M Kusznierz, G Kuzman, I Kwan, AMC Amine, IL Langenegger, E Lankarani, KB Leo, YS Linko, R Liu, P Madanat, F Manabe, T Mayo-Montero, E McGeer, A Memish, ZA Metan, G Mikic, D Mohn, KGI Moradi, A Nymadawa, P Ozbay, B Ozkan, M Parekh, D Paul, M Poeppl, W Polack, FP Rath, BA Rodriguez, AH Siqueira, MM Skret-Magierlo, J Talarek, E Tang, JW Torres, A Torun, SH Tran, D Uyeki, TM van Zwol, A Vaudry, W Velyvyte, D Vidmar, T Zarogoulidis, P Nguyen-Van-Tam, JS AF Muthuri, Stella G. Venkatesan, Sudhir Myles, Puja R. Leonardi-Bee, Jo Lim, Wei Shen Al Mamun, Abdullah Anovadiya, Ashish P. Araujo, Wildo N. Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo Baez, Clarisa Bantar, Carlos Barhoush, Mazen M. Bassetti, Matteo Beovic, Bojana Bingisser, Roland Bonmarin, Isabelle Borja-Aburto, Victor H. Cao, Bin Carratala, Jordi Cuezzo, Maria R. Denholm, Justin T. Dominguez, Samuel R. Duarte, Pericles A. D. Dubnov-Raz, Gal Echavarria, Marcela Fanella, Sergio Fraser, James Gao, Zhancheng Gerardin, Patrick Giannella, Maddalena Gubbels, Sophie Herberg, Jethro Higuera Iglesias, Anjarath L. Hoeger, Peter H. Hoffmann, Matthias Hu, Xiaoyun Islam, Quazi T. Jimenez, Mirela F. Kandeel, Amr Keijzers, Gerben Khalili, Hossein Khandaker, Gulam Knight, Marian Kusznierz, Gabriela Kuzman, Ilija Kwan, Arthur M. C. Lahlou Amine, Idriss Langenegger, Eduard Lankarani, Kamran B. Leo, Yee-Sin Linko, Rita Liu, Pei Madanat, Faris Manabe, Toshie Mayo-Montero, Elga McGeer, Allison Memish, Ziad A. Metan, Gokhan Mikic, Dragan Mohn, Kristin G. I. Moradi, Ahmadreza Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn Ozbay, Bulent Ozkan, Mehpare Parekh, Dhruv Paul, Mical Poeppl, Wolfgang Polack, Fernando P. Rath, Barbara A. Rodriguez, Alejandro H. Siqueira, Marilda M. Skret-Magierlo, Joanna Talarek, Ewa Tang, Julian W. Torres, Antoni Torun, Selda H. Tran, Dat Uyeki, Timothy M. van Zwol, Annelies Vaudry, Wendy Velyvyte, Daiva Vidmar, Tjasa Zarogoulidis, Paul Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S. CA PRIDE Consortium Investigators TI Impact of neuraminidase inhibitors on influenza A(H1N1)pdm09-related pneumonia: an individual participant data meta-analysis SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Hospitalisation; individual participant data meta-analyses; influenza-related pneumonia; neuraminidase inhibitors ID RISK-FACTORS; A H1N1; OSELTAMIVIR TREATMENT; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; ANTIVIRAL TREATMENT; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; VIRUS-INFECTION; OUTCOMES; ADULTS; COMPLICATIONS AB BackgroundThe impact of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) on influenza-related pneumonia (IRP) is not established. Our objective was to investigate the association between NAI treatment and IRP incidence and outcomes in patients hospitalised with A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection. MethodsA worldwide meta-analysis of individual participant data from 20 634 hospitalised patients with laboratory-confirmed A(H1N1)pdm09 (n = 20 021) or clinically diagnosed (n = 613) pandemic influenza'. The primary outcome was radiologically confirmed IRP. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated using generalised linear mixed modelling, adjusting for NAI treatment propensity, antibiotics and corticosteroids. ResultsOf 20 634 included participants, 5978 (290%) had IRP; conversely, 3349 (162%) had confirmed the absence of radiographic pneumonia (the comparator). Early NAI treatment (within 2 days of symptom onset) versus no NAI was not significantly associated with IRP [adj. OR 083 (95% CI 064-106; P = 0136)]. Among the 5978 patients with IRP, early NAI treatment versus none did not impact on mortality [adj. OR = 072 (044-117; P = 0180)] or likelihood of requiring ventilatory support [adj. OR = 117 (071-192; P = 0537)], but early treatment versus later significantly reduced mortality [adj. OR = 070 (055-088; P = 0003)] and likelihood of requiring ventilatory support [adj. OR = 068 (054-085; P = 0001)]. ConclusionsEarly NAI treatment of patients hospitalised with A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection versus no treatment did not reduce the likelihood of IRP. However, in patients who developed IRP, early NAI treatment versus later reduced the likelihood of mortality and needing ventilatory support. C1 [Muthuri, Stella G.; Venkatesan, Sudhir; Myles, Puja R.; Leonardi-Bee, Jo; Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S.] Univ Nottingham, Div Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Room A28b,Clin Sci Bldg, Nottingham NG5 1PB, England. [Lim, Wei Shen] Nottingham Univ Hosp NHS Trust, Resp Med, Nottingham, England. [Al Mamun, Abdullah] Res Bangladesh ICDDRB, Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Anovadiya, Ashish P.] Govt Med Coll, Dept Pharmacol, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India. [Anovadiya, Ashish P.] Sir Takhtsinhji Gen Hosp, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India. [Araujo, Wildo N.] Univ Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baez, Clarisa] Minist Salud Prov Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Bantar, Carlos] Hosp San Martin Parana, Dept Infect Control, Entre Rios, Argentina. [Barhoush, Mazen M.] King Saud Med City, Dept Med, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Bassetti, Matteo] Santa Maria Misericordia Hosp, Udine, Italy. [Beovic, Bojana] Univ Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Bingisser, Roland] Univ Basel Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland. [Bonmarin, Isabelle] Inst Veille Sanitaire, St Maurice, France. [Borja-Aburto, Victor H.] IMSS, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Cao, Bin] Capital Med Univ, Beijing Chao Yang Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Carratala, Jordi] Univ Barcelona, Hosp Univ Bellvitge, Hosp Llobregat Red Espanola Invest Patol Infecc, Dept Infect Dis, Barcelona, Spain. [Cuezzo, Maria R.] Minist Salud Tucuman, San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina. [Denholm, Justin T.] Peter Doherty Inst Infect & Immun, Victorian Infect Dis Serv, Parkville, Vic, Australia. [Denholm, Justin T.] Peter Doherty Inst Infect & Immun, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Parkville, Vic, Australia. [Dominguez, Samuel R.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Colorado, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, Aurora, CO USA. [Duarte, Pericles A. D.] Univ Estadual Oeste Parana, UNIOESTE, Cascavel, PR, Brazil. [Dubnov-Raz, Gal] Edmond & Lily Safra Childrens Hosp, Sheba Med Ctr, Tel Hashomer, Israel. [Echavarria, Marcela] CEMIC Univ Hosp, Clin Virol Lab, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Fanella, Sergio] Univ Manitoba, Sect Pediat Infect Dis, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Fraser, James] Bristol Childrens Hosp, Paediat Intens Care Unit, Bristol, Avon, England. [Gao, Zhancheng] Peking Univ, Peoples Hosp, Dept Resp & Crit Care Med, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Gerardin, Patrick] CHU St Pierre, PFME, NICU PICU, St Pierre, La Reunion, France. [Gerardin, Patrick] Univ La Reunion, URML OI, CHU St Pierre, CHU,Inserm,CIC 1410, St Pierre, La Reunion, France. [Gerardin, Patrick] Univ La Reunion, CYROI, CNRS, IRD,CH,Inserm,UMR PIMIT, St Denis, France. [Gerardin, Patrick] CHU La Reunion, Grp Hosp Sud Reunion, NICU PICU, St Pierre, La Reunion, France. [Giannella, Maddalena] Hosp Gen Univ Gregorio Maranon, Dept Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis, Madrid, Spain. [Gubbels, Sophie] Statens Serum Inst, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, Sector Natl Hlth Documentat & Res, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Herberg, Jethro] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Div Infect Dis, Paediat Sect, London, England. [Higuera Iglesias, Anjarath L.] Inst Nacl Enfermedades Resp, Epidemiol Res Unit, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Hoeger, Peter H.] Cath Childrens Hosp Wilhelmstift, Hamburg, Germany. [Hoffmann, Matthias] Kantonsspital, Div Infect Dis & Hosp Epidemiol, St Gallen, Switzerland. [Hu, Xiaoyun] Beijing Union Med Coll Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Islam, Quazi T.] Dhaka Med Coll Hosp, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Jimenez, Mirela F.] UFCSPA, Preceptora Residencia Med Hosp Femina, Dept Obstet & Ginecol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Kandeel, Amr] Minist Hlth Egypt, Cairo, Egypt. [Keijzers, Gerben] Gold Coast Hosp, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia. [Khalili, Hossein] Univ Tehran Med Sci, Fac Pharm, Dept Clin Pharm, Tehran, Iran. [Khandaker, Gulam] Univ Sydney, Childrens Hosp Westmead, NCIRS, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Knight, Marian] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Populat Hlth, Natl Perinatal Epidemiol Unit, Oxford, England. [Kusznierz, Gabriela] Natl Inst Resp Dis Emilio Coni ANLIS C Malbran, Santa Fe, NM, Argentina. [Kuzman, Ilija] Univ Zagreb, Univ Hosp Infect Dis, Sch Med, Zagreb 41000, Croatia. [Kwan, Arthur M. C.] Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hosp, Dept Intens Care, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Lahlou Amine, Idriss] Univ Mohammed V Souissi, Mohammed V Mil Teaching Hosp, Fac Med & Pharm, Biosafety Level & Res Lab 3, Rabat, Morocco. [Langenegger, Eduard] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, ZA-7600 Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Lankarani, Kamran B.] Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Ctr Hlth Policy Res, Shiraz, Iran. [Leo, Yee-Sin] Tan Tock Seng Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Singapore, Singapore. [Linko, Rita] Helsinki Univ Hosp, Helsinki, Finland. [Liu, Pei] China Med Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Infect Dis, Shenyang 110001, Peoples R China. [Madanat, Faris] King Hussein Canc Ctr, Dept Pediat, Amman, Jordan. [Manabe, Toshie] Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Comprehens Human Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Mayo-Montero, Elga] Minist Defensa, Inst Med Prevent Defensa Capitan Med Ramon y Caja, Madrid, Spain. [McGeer, Allison] Univ Toronto, Toronto Invas Bacterial Dis Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Memish, Ziad A.] Minist Hlth, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Memish, Ziad A.] Alfaisal Univ, Coll Med, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Metan, Gokhan] Erciyes Univ, Fac Med, Dept Infect Dis & Clin Microbiol, Kayseri, Turkey. [Mikic, Dragan] Mil Med Acad, Clin Infect & Trop Dis, Belgrade, Serbia. [Mohn, Kristin G. I.] Haukeland Hosp, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, N-5021 Bergen, Norway. [Mohn, Kristin G. I.] Haukeland Hosp, Dept Res & Dev, N-5021 Bergen, Norway. [Mohn, Kristin G. I.] Univ Bergen, Influenza Ctr, Dept Clin Sci, Bergen, Norway. [Moradi, Ahmadreza] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Div Ocular Immunol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Moradi, Ahmadreza] Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Massih Daneshvari Hosp, Natl Res Inst TB & Lung Dis, Tehran, Iran. [Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn] Minist Hlth, Natl Ctr Communicable Dis, Natl Influenza Ctr, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep. [Ozbay, Bulent] Yuzuncu Yil Univ, Fac Med, Dept Pulm & Crit Care, Van, Turkey. [Ozkan, Mehpare] Dr Sami Ulus Res & Training Hosp Womens & Childre, Clin Pediat Neurol, Ankara, Turkey. [Parekh, Dhruv] Univ Birmingham, Sch Clin & Expt Med, Crit Care & Trauma Trials Grp, Crit Care & Pain Perioperat, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Paul, Mical] Rambam Hlth Care Campus, Div Infect Dis, Haifa, Israel. [Poeppl, Wolfgang] Med Univ Vienna, Vienna, Austria. [Polack, Fernando P.] Vanderbilt Univ, Vanderbilt Vaccine Ctr, Dept Pediat, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Polack, Fernando P.] Fdn INFANT, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Rath, Barbara A.] Charite Univ Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Pneumonol Immunol, Berlin, Germany. [Rodriguez, Alejandro H.] Hosp Joan 23, CIBERES, URV, IISPV,Critical Care Dept, Tarragona, Spain. [Siqueira, Marilda M.] Fiocruz MS, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Resp Viruses, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Skret-Magierlo, Joanna] Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Rzeszow, Poland. [Talarek, Ewa] Med Univ Warsaw, Dept Childrens Infect Dis, Warsaw, Poland. [Tang, Julian W.] Natl Univ Singapore Hosp, Mol Diagnost Ctr, Dept Lab Med, Div Microbiol, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Tang, Julian W.] Univ Alberta Hosp, Alberta Prov Lab Publ Hlth, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada. [Tang, Julian W.] Univ Alberta, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Torres, Antoni] Univ Barcelona, Hosp Clin, CIBERES, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain. [Torun, Selda H.] Istanbul Fac Med, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, Istanbul, Turkey. [Tran, Dat] Univ Toronto, Hosp Sick Children, Dept Paediat, Div Infect Dis, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. [Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [van Zwol, Annelies] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Intens Care, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Vaudry, Wendy] Univ Alberta, Stollery Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Velyvyte, Daiva] Lithuanian Univ Hlth Sci, Kaunas, Lithuania. [Vidmar, Tjasa] Gen Hosp, Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia. [Zarogoulidis, Paul] Democritus Univ Thrace, Univ Gen Hosp Alexandroupolis, Infect Dis Unit, Dragana, Greece. RP Nguyen-Van-Tam, JS (reprint author), Univ Nottingham, City Hosp, DM, Room A28b,Clin Sci Bldg, Nottingham NG5 1PB, England. EM jvt@nottingham.ac.uk RI Bouza, Emilio/D-8661-2014; Dubnov-Raz, Gal/L-3297-2016; Knight, Marian/B-6225-2009; OI Bouza, Emilio/0000-0001-6967-9267; Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan/0000-0003-2579-4655; Dubnov-Raz, Gal/0000-0003-1469-8043; Knight, Marian/0000-0002-1984-4575; Parekh, Dhruv/0000-0002-1508-8362; Moradi, Ahmadreza/0000-0001-6533-7470; tabarsi, payam/0000-0002-8932-5420; Viasus, Diego/0000-0001-8408-3947; Keijzers, Gerben/0000-0003-1100-4552; McGeer, Allison/0000-0001-5647-6137 FU F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Switzerland FX The PRIDE study is funded via an unrestricted educational grant from F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Switzerland [the manufacturers of Oseltamivir (Tamiflu (R))]. The funder has had no role in protocol design, no opportunity to comment on it and no opportunity to see it other than via the PROSPERO website; no access to any data (and no rights to future access); no role in analysis or interpretation; no opportunity to preview results/findings before entry into the public domain; no opportunity to contribute to, preview or comment on manuscripts and presentations arising from this work. The research contract between the University of Nottingham and the funder is freely available for inspection (commercial details redacted) at: http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/research/groups/healthprotection/projects/pr ide.aspx. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 9 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD MAY PY 2016 VL 10 IS 3 BP 192 EP 204 DI 10.1111/irv.12363 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DI4SZ UT WOS:000373490900007 PM 26602067 ER PT J AU Kittikraisak, W Chittaganpitch, M Gregory, CJ Laosiritaworn, Y Thantithaveewat, T Dawood, FS Lindblade, KA AF Kittikraisak, Wanitchaya Chittaganpitch, Malinee Gregory, Christopher J. Laosiritaworn, Yongjua Thantithaveewat, Thanawadee Dawood, Fatimah S. Lindblade, Kim A. TI Assessment of potential public health impact of a quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in Thailand SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Inactivated influenza vaccine; quadrivalent; Thailand; trivalent ID SEASONAL INFLUENZA; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; ADULTS; AUSTRALIA; MORTALITY; EFFICACY; PROTECTION; COVERAGE; SOUTHERN AB BackgroundEach year, an influenza B strain representing only one influenza B lineage is included in the trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3); a mismatch between the selected lineage and circulating viruses can result in suboptimal vaccine effectiveness. We modeled the added potential public health impact of a quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4) that includes strains from both influenza B lineages compared to IIV3 on influenza-associated morbidity and mortality in Thailand. MethodsUsing data on the incidence of influenza-associated hospitalizations and deaths, vaccine effectiveness, and vaccine coverage from the 2007-2012 influenza seasons in Thailand, we estimated rates of influenza-associated outcomes that might be averted using IIV4 instead of IIV3. We then applied these rates to national population estimates to calculate averted illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths for each season. We assumed that the influenza B lineage included in IIV3 would provide a relative vaccine effectiveness of 75% against the other B lineage. ResultsCompared to use of IIV3, use of IIV4 might have led to an additional reduction ranging from 04 to 143 influenza-associated illnesses per 100000 population/year, <01 to 05 hospitalizations per 100000/year, and <01 to 04 deaths per 1000/year. Based on extrapolation to national population estimates, replacement of IIV3 with IIV4 might have averted an additional 267-9784 influenza-associated illnesses, 9-320 hospitalizations, and 0-3 deaths. ConclusionCompared to use of IIV3, IIV4 has the potential to further reduce the burden of influenza-associated morbidity and mortality in Thailand. C1 [Kittikraisak, Wanitchaya; Lindblade, Kim A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Influenza Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Chittaganpitch, Malinee] Minist Publ Hlth, NIH, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Gregory, Christopher J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Gregory, Christopher J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Laosiritaworn, Yongjua] Minist Publ Hlth, Bur Epidemiol, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Thantithaveewat, Thanawadee] Minist Publ Hlth, Bur Gen Communicable Dis, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Dawood, Fatimah S.; Lindblade, Kim A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kittikraisak, W (reprint author), US CDC Collaborat, Thailand MOPH, Minist Publ Hlth, DDC Bldg 7,Tiwanon Rd, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM glr9@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD MAY PY 2016 VL 10 IS 3 BP 211 EP 219 DI 10.1111/irv.12361 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DI4SZ UT WOS:000373490900009 PM 26588892 ER PT J AU Robinson, LR Leeb, RT Merrick, MT Forbes, LW AF Robinson, Lara R. Leeb, Rebecca T. Merrick, Melissa T. Forbes, Lauren W. TI Conceptualizing and Measuring Safe, Stable, Nurturing Relationships and Environments in Educational Settings SO JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES LA English DT Article DE Child development; School; Safety; Nurturance; Stability ID SCHOOL-HEALTH POLICIES; PROTECTIVE FACTORS; PROBLEM BEHAVIORS; RISK BEHAVIOR; TEACHER RELATIONSHIPS; PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT; VIOLENCE-PREVENTION; ACADEMIC ENGAGEMENT; GANG MEMBERSHIP; CHILD NEGLECT AB Most children and adolescents older than 5 years spend at least 6 h of their day in school settings. Like parents, education professionals can promote health and protect youth from harm by providing safe, stable, nurturing relationships and environments. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has developed a framework which posits that safe, stable, nurturing relationships and environments are Essentials for Childhood and are fundamental to promoting health and well-being; protecting youth from maltreatment and other violence and victimization; and ensuring optimal, healthy development. In this paper, the authors propose an approach to applying safe, stable, nurturing relationships and environments to the school ecology; review select survey measures to examine these constructs within educational settings; and suggest available indicators to measure safety, stability, and nurturance within the school context. C1 [Robinson, Lara R.; Leeb, Rebecca T.; Forbes, Lauren W.] Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS E-88,4770 Buford Highway, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Merrick, Melissa T.] Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS F63,4770 Buford Highway, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. RP Robinson, LR (reprint author), Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS E-88,4770 Buford Highway, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM lpr0@cdc.gov NR 120 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1062-1024 EI 1573-2843 J9 J CHILD FAM STUD JI J. Child Fam. Stud. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 25 IS 5 BP 1488 EP 1504 DI 10.1007/s10826-015-0332-2 PG 17 WC Family Studies; Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry SC Family Studies; Psychology; Psychiatry GA DI5ZM UT WOS:000373579000012 PM 28018122 ER PT J AU Odom, EC Garrett-Peters, P Vernon-Feagans, L AF Odom, Erika C. Garrett-Peters, Patricia Vernon-Feagans, Lynne CA Family Life Project Investigators TI Racial Discrimination as a Correlate of African American Mothers' Emotion Talk to Young Children SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY ISSUES LA English DT Article DE family processes; mother-child interactions; poverty; welfare; race; ethnicity; emotion ID LIFE SATISFACTION; SOCIALIZATION PRACTICES; COGNITIVE-DEVELOPMENT; ATTACHMENT SECURITY; INFANT DEVELOPMENT; MEXICAN-AMERICAN; KNOWLEDGE; INCOME; FAMILIES; LANGUAGE AB The current study was designed to test hypotheses derived from an ecological framework regarding the association between perceived racial discrimination and maternal emotion talk among a sample of 415 African American mothers living in the rural South. Mothers reported on experiences with racial discrimination when her child was 24 months old. Additionally, maternal emotion awareness was assessed by mothers' use of emotion words during an emotion-laden picture book interaction with her young child. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that mothers' perception of racism was a significant positive predictor of mothers' emotion words, even after controlling for a variety of distal demographics and maternal and child characteristics. However, this main effect was qualified by significant interactions. Specifically, the strength of the association between perceived discrimination and mothers' emotion words was reduced in the presence of maternal psychological supports, including greater life satisfaction and knowledge of child development. C1 [Odom, Erika C.; Garrett-Peters, Patricia; Vernon-Feagans, Lynne] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Odom, EC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ecodom@cdc.gov FU National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [PO1-HD-039667]; National Institute on Drug Abuse; Institute for Education Sciences Postdoctoral Research Fellowship [R305B060021] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Support for this research was provided by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (PO1-HD-039667), with cofunding from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The primary author also received funding from the Institute for Education Sciences Postdoctoral Research Fellowship (R305B060021). NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 13 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-513X EI 1552-5481 J9 J FAM ISSUES JI J. Fam. Issues PD MAY PY 2016 VL 37 IS 7 BP 970 EP 996 DI 10.1177/0192513X14521196 PG 27 WC Family Studies SC Family Studies GA DI4WO UT WOS:000373500300005 ER PT J AU Wheaton, AG Chapman, DP Croft, JB AF Wheaton, Anne G. Chapman, Daniel P. Croft, Janet B. TI School Start Times, Sleep, Behavioral, Health, and Academic Outcomes: A Review of the Literature SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE adolescents; school health; sleep; school start times; school health policy ID ADOLESCENT SLEEP; AUSTRALIAN ADOLESCENTS; SOUTHEASTERN VIRGINIA; EDUCATION-PROGRAMS; SUICIDAL IDEATION; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; RISK BEHAVIORS; DELAYED PHASE; UNITED-STATES; SET BEDTIMES AB BACKGROUND: Insufficient sleep in adolescents has been shown to be associated with a wide variety of adverse outcomes, from poor mental and physical health to behavioral problems and lower academic grades. However, most high school students do not get sufficient sleep. Delaying school start times for adolescents has been proposed as a policy change to address insufficient sleep in this population and potentially to improve students' academic performance, reduce engagement in risk behaviors, and improve health. METHODS: This article reviews 38 reports examining the association between school start times, sleep, and other outcomes among adolescent students. RESULTS: Most studies reviewed provide evidence that delaying school start time increases weeknight sleep duration among adolescents, primarily by delaying rise times. Most of the studies saw a significant increase in sleep duration even with relatively small delays in start times of half an hour or so. Later start times also generally correspond to improved attendance, less tardiness, less falling asleep in class, better grades, and fewer motor vehicle crashes. CONCLUSIONS: Although additional research is necessary, research results that are already available should be disseminated to stakeholders to enable the development of evidence-based school policies. C1 [Wheaton, Anne G.; Chapman, Daniel P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-78, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Croft, Janet B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE Mailstop F-78, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Wheaton, AG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-78, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ipo9@cdc.gov; dpc2@cdc.gov; jbc0@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 93 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 23 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-4391 EI 1746-1561 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD MAY PY 2016 VL 86 IS 5 BP 363 EP 381 DI 10.1111/josh.12388 PG 19 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DI8PE UT WOS:000373762200006 PM 27040474 ER PT J AU Luke, S Sappenfield, WM Kirby, RS McKane, P Bernson, D Zhang, YJ Chuong, F Cohen, B Boulet, SL Kissin, DM AF Luke, Sabrina Sappenfield, William M. Kirby, Russell S. McKane, Patricia Bernson, Dana Zhang, Yujia Chuong, Farah Cohen, Bruce Boulet, Sheree L. Kissin, Dmitry M. TI The Impact of ART on Live Birth Outcomes: Differing Experiences across Three States SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Assisted Reproductive Technology; preterm birth; small-for-gestational age; multiple birth; population-based ID ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY; EMBRYO-TRANSFER PRACTICES; PERINATAL OUTCOMES; METAANALYSIS; INFERTILITY; MASSACHUSETTS; FERTILIZATION; CONSEQUENCES; COLLECTION; PREGNANCY AB BackgroundResearch has shown an association between assisted reproductive technology (ART) and adverse birth outcomes. We identified whether birth outcomes of ART-conceived pregnancies vary across states with different maternal characteristics, insurance coverage for ART services, and type of ART services provided. MethodsCDC's National ART Surveillance System data were linked to Massachusetts, Florida, and Michigan vital records from 2000 through 2006. Maternal characteristics in ART- and non-ART-conceived live births were compared between states using chi-square tests. We performed multivariable logistic regression analyses and calculated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) to assess associations between ART use and singleton preterm delivery (<32 weeks, <37 weeks), singleton small for gestational age (SGA) (<5th and <10th percentiles) and multiple birth. ResultsART use in Massachusetts was associated with significantly lower odds of twins as well as triplets and higher order births compared to Florida and Michigan (aOR 22.6 vs. 30.0 and 26.3, and aOR 37.6 vs. 92.8 and 99.2, respectively; P-interaction < 0.001). ART use was associated with increased odds of SGA in Michigan only, and with preterm delivery (<32 and <37 weeks) in all states (aOR range: 1.60, 1.87). ConclusionsART use was associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery among singletons that showed little variability between states. The number of twins, triplets and higher order gestations per cycle was lower in Massachusetts, which may be due to the availability of insurance coverage for ART in Massachusetts. C1 [Luke, Sabrina; Sappenfield, William M.; Kirby, Russell S.] Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. [McKane, Patricia] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. [Bernson, Dana; Cohen, Bruce] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Zhang, Yujia; Boulet, Sheree L.; Kissin, Dmitry M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chuong, Farah] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Luke, S (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Community & Family Hlth, 13201 Bruce B Downs Blvd MDC 56, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. EM sluke@health.usf.edu FU Florida Department of Health; CDC FX The University of South Florida authors were funded by a subcontract from the Florida Department of Health and CDC. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-5022 EI 1365-3016 J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 30 IS 3 BP 209 EP 216 DI 10.1111/ppe.12287 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA DI6QD UT WOS:000373623800001 PM 26913961 ER PT J AU Wilken, JA Greenspan, LC Kushi, LH Voss, RW Windham, GC AF Wilken, Jason A. Greenspan, Louise C. Kushi, Lawrence H. Voss, Robert W. Windham, Gayle C. TI Thyroid Hormones and Timing of Pubertal Onset in a Longitudinal Cohort of Females, Northern California, 2006-11 SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Puberty; thyroid hormones; thyroxine; triiodothyronine; thyrotropin ID PEDIATRIC REFERENCE INTERVALS; SERUM THYROXINE; GIRLS; TSH; TRIIODOTHYRONINE; MENARCHE; GROWTH; HYPOTHYROIDISM; THYROTROPIN; MATURATION AB BackgroundPubertal timing is regulated by a complex interplay of hormones. Few studies have evaluated the role of thyroid hormones in pubertal onset. We investigated the associations between blood concentrations of free and total thyroxine (FT4, TT4), free triiodothyronine, and thyroid stimulating hormone and pubertal onset among females. MethodsParticipants included 323 Kaiser Permanente Northern California members followed at annual intervals during 2004-11, who provided a blood sample during the first 3 years of the study. Thyroid hormone concentrations were measured in serum in the first blood specimen available for each participant. Pubertal onset was defined as Tanner stage 2 for breast (thelarche) and pubic hair (pubarche) development. Associations between thyroid hormones and pubertal onset were assessed by multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards modelling. ResultsAt blood draw, participants were age 6.5-10.1 (median 7.7) years, 10% had reached thelarche, and 12% had reached pubarche. Participants were followed 0-5 years after blood draw (median 4). At most recent clinical visit, participants were age 6.7-14.7 (median 12.3) years, 92% had reached thelarche, and 89% had reached pubarche. No associations were identified between having reached thelarche or pubarche at time of blood draw and thyroid hormones. Examined longitudinally, higher concentrations of pre-pubertal FT4 and TT4 were associated with earlier pubarche (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06, 1.86; per ng/dL and aHR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02, 1.12; per g/dL respectively). ConclusionsHigher pre-pubertal concentrations of FT4 and TT4 are associated with earlier pubarche. C1 [Wilken, Jason A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wilken, Jason A.; Voss, Robert W.; Windham, Gayle C.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. [Greenspan, Louise C.] Kaiser Permanente, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA USA. [Kushi, Lawrence H.] Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Kushi, Lawrence H.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Populat Sci & Hlth Dispar Program, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Wilken, JA (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Div Environm & Occupat Dis Control, 850 Marina Bay Pkwy,Bldg P3, Richmond, CA 94607 USA. EM jason.wilken@cdph.ca.gov FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [U01ES012801, U01ES019435, U01ES019457]; National Cancer Institute (NCI); National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) [UL1RR024131] FX We gratefully acknowledge the participants of the Cohort study of Young Girls' Nutrition, Environment, and Transitions, the contributions of clinic staff, the staff of the Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Research Flow Cytometry Core Laboratory, and Dr. Barbara Materna for helpful comments on earlier drafts. This publication was supported by the Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program (BCERP) award numbers U01ES012801, U01ES019435 and U01ES019457 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and the National Cancer Institute (NCI), and UL1RR024131 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the funding agencies, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or other institutions with which the authors are affiliated. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-5022 EI 1365-3016 J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 30 IS 3 BP 285 EP 293 DI 10.1111/ppe.12280 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA DI6QD UT WOS:000373623800009 PM 26849015 ER PT J AU Auerbach, J AF Auerbach, John TI The 3 Buckets of Prevention SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEALTH; COMMUNITY; CARE; ASTHMA; COST; MASSACHUSETTS; INTERVENTION; FRAMEWORK; CHILDREN; IMPACT AB This 3-part framework of the commentary shows a way of ensuring that clinicians, insurers, and public health practitioners attend to traditional office-based, as well as innovative clinical approaches, and do not neglect the community factors that have an enormous impact on health. C1 [Auerbach, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Auerbach, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jxa4@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 3 BP 215 EP 218 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000381 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DH7KO UT WOS:000372972800001 PM 26726758 ER PT J AU Cardemil, CV Cullen, KA Harris, L Greby, SM Santibanez, TA AF Cardemil, Cristina V. Cullen, Karen A. Harris, LaTreace Greby, Stacie M. Santibanez, Tammy A. TI Factors Associated With Provider Reporting of Child and Adolescent Vaccination History to Immunization Information Systems: Results From the National Immunization Survey, 2006-2012 SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE NIS-Teen; immunization registries; National Immunization Survey (NIS); immunization information systems ID AGED 19-35 MONTHS; UNITED-STATES; RECORD SCATTERING; COVERAGE; REGISTRIES; PROGRESS; PEDIATRICIANS; PHYSICIANS; ADOPTION; IMPACT AB Context: Use of Immunization information systems (IISs) by providers can improve vaccination rates by identifying missed opportunities. However, provider reporting of children's vaccination histories to IISs remains suboptimal. Objective: To assess factors associated with provider reporting to an IIS. Design: Analysis of 2006-2012 National Immunization Survey (NIS) and NIS-Teen data. NIS and NIS-Teen are ongoing random-digit-dial telephone surveys of households with children and adolescents, respectively, followed by a mail survey to providers to obtain the patient's vaccination history. Setting and Participants: A total of 115 285 children aged 19 to 35 months and 83 612 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years and their immunization providers in the United States. Main Outcome Measures: The percentage of children and adolescents with 1 or more providers reporting to or obtaining vaccination information from their local IISs. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine patient and provider factors associated with provider reporting to IISs and adjusted prevalence of children and adolescents with 1 or more providers reporting to IISs. Results: In 2012, 79.4% of children and 77.4% of adolescents had 1 or more providers report any of their vaccination data to an IIS, and 41.9% of children and 51.5% of adolescents had providers who obtained any of their vaccination histories from an IIS. During 2006-2012, children and adolescents were more likely to have any of their vaccination data reported to an IIS if they received care from all public versus all private providers (children: 84.4% vs 69.6%, P < .0001; adolescents: 84.6% vs 66.4%, P < .0001), had 1 or more providers who ordered vaccines from a state or local health department (children: 76.7% vs 59.5%, P < .0001; adolescents: 77.0% vs 55.6%, P < .0001), or had 1 or more providers obtain vaccination information from the IIS (children: 86.1% vs 71.2%, P < .0001; adolescents: 83.7% vs 64.6%, P < .0001). Conclusions: Health department staff should target providers less likely to use IIS services, including private providers, and providers not ordering vaccines from health departments to ensure they use IIS services. C1 [Cardemil, Cristina V.; Cullen, Karen A.; Harris, LaTreace; Greby, Stacie M.; Santibanez, Tammy A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE MS A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cullen, Karen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cardemil, CV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE MS A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ccardemil@cdc.gov NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 3 BP 245 EP 254 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000278 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DH7KO UT WOS:000372972800005 PM 26062097 ER PT J AU Mumford, K Young, AC Nawaz, S AF Mumford, Karen Young, Andrea C. Nawaz, Saira TI Federal Public Health Workforce Development: An Evidence-Based Approach for Defining Competencies SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE professional competence; factor analysis; competency development; statistical; public health ID EXPLORATORY FACTOR-ANALYSIS; EDUCATION AB Objective: This study reports the use of exploratory factor analysis to describe essential skills and knowledge for an important segment of the domestic public health workforce-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) project officers-using an evidence-based approach to competency development and validation. Design: A multicomponent survey was conducted. Exploratory factor analysis was used to examine the underlying domains and relationships between competency domains and key behaviors. The Cronbach alpha coefficient determined the reliability of the overall scale and identified factors. Setting and Participants: All domestic (US state, tribe, local, and territorial) grantees who received funding from the CDC during fiscal year 2011 to implement nonresearch prevention or intervention programs were invited to participate in a Web-based questionnaire. Main Outcome Measure(s): A total of 34 key behaviors representing knowledge, skills, and abilities, grouped in 7 domains-communication, grant administration and management, public health applied science and knowledge, program planning and development, program management, program monitoring and improvement, and organizational consultation-were examined. Results: There were 795 responses (58% response rate). A total of 6 factors were identified with loadings of 0.40 or more for all 34 behavioral items. The Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.95 overall and ranged between 0.73 and 0.91 for the factors. Conclusions: This study provides empirical evidence for the construct validity of 6 competencies and 34 key behaviors important for CDC project officers and serves as an important first step to evidence-driven workforce development efforts in public health. C1 [Mumford, Karen; Young, Andrea C.; Nawaz, Saira] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Publ Hlth Performance & Improvement, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-70, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Mumford, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Publ Hlth Performance & Improvement, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-70, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM EQH1@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 3 BP 290 EP 297 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000205 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DH7KO UT WOS:000372972800010 PM 25575378 ER PT J AU Fajardo, GC Rosenberg, P Hayashi, K AF Fajardo, Geroncio C. Rosenberg, Paula Hayashi, Konrad TI An Evaluation of Situation Reports and Incident Notices: The DBPR/ESRB Experience SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE SITREP; situations; BAR; incident notice; CDC assistance ID INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX AB Objective: The main objective of this study is to review information within the situation reports (SITREPs) and incident notices (INs) prepared by the Division of Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response/Epidemiology Surveillance and Response Branch, (DBPR/ESRB), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The secondary objective is to evaluate accuracy and completeness of the information provided in these documents. Methods: The authors reviewed all SITREPs/INs prepared by DBPR/ESRB from January 2007 to June 2009. Data were abstracted for variables related to the type of incidents, the type of CDC assistance requested, the geographic origin of the calls, and the organization reporting the event or requesting CDC assistance or both. In addition, variables were also created to assess the accuracy and completeness of reports for quality improvement analysis. Results: The DBPR/ESRB prepared 77 SITREPs and 22 INs. Most of them were related to unknown white powders/suspicious packages or BioWatch Actionable Reports (78%). Most calls (79%), requesting CDC assistance or not, were domestic. Almost all calls requesting CDC assistance were for clinical and/or laboratory consultation and/or request for analysis of samples. Most of the calls requesting CDC assistance came from city, county, state, or federal government agencies and military organizations (82%). However, 14 of the analyzed documents (14.4%) were misclassified, that is, a SITREP was written when it should have been an IN or vice versa. The authors also noted the absence of some relevant information among some of the documents, for example, date/time of update. Conclusions: All of the issues/incidents reported in this article to which DBPR/ESRB responded were cause for legitimate concern. However, significant improvement can be made in the preparation of these reports by CDC staff to ensure efficient and effective response from CDC and its partners. Finally, local entities may wish to develop a similar documentation and reporting process to help manage significant incidents. C1 [Fajardo, Geroncio C.; Rosenberg, Paula; Hayashi, Konrad] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Emergency Preparedness & Response Branch,Surveill, Div Bioterrorism Preparedness & Response,Epidemio, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fajardo, GC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,MS C-18, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM GFajardo@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 3 BP E29 EP E38 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e31821f2dbf PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DH7KR UT WOS:000372973100004 PM 23263628 ER PT J AU Mai, CT Kirby, RS Correa, A Rosenberg, D Petros, M Fagen, MC AF Mai, Cara T. Kirby, Russell S. Correa, Adolfo Rosenberg, Deborah Petros, Michael Fagen, Michael C. TI Public Health Practice of Population-Based Birth Defects Surveillance Programs in the United States SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE surveillance; birth defects; public health practice; population-based ID CONGENITAL HEART-DISEASE; CHILDREN; SURVIVAL AB Context: Birth defects remain a leading cause of infant mortality in the United States and contribute substantially to health care costs and lifelong disabilities. State population-based surveillance systems have been established to monitor birth defects, yet no recent systematic examination of their efforts in the United States has been conducted. Objective: To understand the current population-based birth defects surveillance practices in the United States. Design: The National Birth Defects Prevention Network conducted a survey of US population-based birth defects activities that included questions about operational status, case ascertainment methodology, program infrastructure, data collection and utilization, as well as priorities and challenges for surveillance programs. Birth defects contacts in the United States, including District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, received the survey via e-mail; follow-up reminders via e-mails and telephone were used to ensure a 100% response rate. Results: Forty-three states perform population-based surveillance for birth defects, covering approximately 80% of the live births in the United States. Seventeen primarily use an active case-finding approach and 26 use a passive case-finding approach. These programs all monitor major structural malformations; however, passive case-finding programs more often monitor a broader list of conditions, including developmental conditions and newborn screening conditions. Active case-finding programs more often use clinical reviewers, cover broader pregnancy outcomes, and collect more extensive information, such as family history. More than half of the programs (24 of 43) reported an ability to conduct follow-up studies of children with birth defects. Conclusions: The breadth and depth of information collected at a population level by birth defects surveillance programs in the United States serve as an important data source to guide public health action. Collaborative efforts at the state and national levels can help harmonize data collection and increase utility of birth defects programs. C1 [Mai, Cara T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kirby, Russell S.] Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Tampa, FL USA. [Correa, Adolfo] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, University, MS 38677 USA. [Rosenberg, Deborah; Petros, Michael; Fagen, Michael C.] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. RP Mai, CT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cmai@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 3 BP E1 EP E8 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000221 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DH7KR UT WOS:000372973100001 PM 25905668 ER PT J AU Qu, SL Chattopadhyay, SK Hahn, RA AF Qu, Shuli Chattopadhyay, Sajal K. Hahn, Robert A. CA Community Preventive Serv Task For TI High School Completion Programs: A Community Guide Systematic Economic Review SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Review DE GED; high school completion programs; cost-benefit; systematic economic review; cost-effectiveness; The Community Guide ID DROP-OUT; HEALTH; RATES AB Context: On-time high school graduation rate is among the 26 leading health indicators for Healthy People 2020. High school completion (HSC) programs aim to increase the likelihood that students finish high school and receive a high school diploma or complete a GED (General Educational Development) program. This systematic review was conducted to determine the economic impact of HSC interventions, assess variability in cost-effectiveness of different types of programs, and compare the lifetime benefit of completing high school with the cost of intervention. Evidence Acquisition: Forty-seven included studies were identified from 5303 articles published in English from January 1985 to December 2012. The economic evidence was summarized by type of HSC program. All monetary values were expressed in 2012 US dollars. The data were analyzed in 2013. Evidence Synthesis: Thirty-seven studies provided estimates of incremental cost per additional high school graduate, with a median cost for HSC programs of $69 800 (interquartile interval = $35 900-$130 300). Cost-effectiveness ratios varied depending on intervention type, study settings, student populations, and costing methodologies. Ten studies estimated the lifetime difference of economic benefits between high school nongraduates and graduates; 4 used a governmental perspective and reported benefit per additional high school to range from $187 000 to $240 000; 6 used a societal perspective and reported a range of $347 000 to $718 000. Benefits exceeded costs in most studies from a governmental perspective and in all studies from a societal perspective. Conclusion: Interventions to increase HSC rates produce substantial economic benefits to government and society including averted health care costs. From a societal perspective, the benefits also exceed costs, implying a positive rate of return from investment in HSC programs. C1 [Qu, Shuli; Chattopadhyay, Sajal K.; Hahn, Robert A.; Community Preventive Serv Task For] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Community Guide Branch, Div Publ Hlth Informat Disseminat, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv,Off Publ Hl, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Chattopadhyay, SK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Publ Hlth Informat Disseminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-69, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skc9@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Scientific Education (ORISE) FX The work of Shuli Qu was supported with funds from the Oak Ridge Institute for Scientific Education (ORISE). The authors acknowledge Kate W. Harris and Krista Hopkins-Cole, for their thorough editing of the manuscript and advice given during the revision process, and Onnalee Gomez, for conducting the literature searches. All are in the Community Guide Branch at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Also, the authors thank Task Force members, Ned Calonge and Shiriki Kumanyika, for providing useful comments on an earlier version of this article. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 3 BP E47 EP E56 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000286 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DH7KR UT WOS:000372973100006 PM 26203586 ER PT J AU Wu, YT Maenner, MJ Wiggins, LD Rice, CE Bradley, CC Lopez, ML Kirby, RS Lee, LC AF Wu, Yen-Tzu Maenner, Matthew J. Wiggins, Lisa D. Rice, Catherine E. Bradley, Catherine C. Lopez, Maya L. Kirby, Russell S. Lee, Li-Ching TI Retention of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis: The role of co-occurring conditions in males and females SO RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE Autism spectrum disorder; Child sex; Diagnosis retention; Co-occurring conditions (CoCs) ID INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY; YOUNG-CHILDREN; AGE; STABILITY; EPILEPSY; GENDER; ADULTS AB This study examined associations between ASD diagnosis retention and non-ASD co-occurring conditions (CoCs) by child sex. The sample included 7077 males and 1487 females who had an ASD diagnosis documented in their school or health records in a population based ASD surveillance system for 8-year-old children. ASD diagnosis retention status was determined when an initial ASD diagnosis was not later ruled out by a community professional. We found that ASD diagnosis remains fairly stable, with only 9% of children who had an initial documented ASD diagnosis later being ruled-out. Although most of the associations between the ASD diagnosis retention status and CoCs are similar in both sexes, the co-occurrence of developmental diagnoses (e.g., intellectual disability or sensory integration disorder) was predictive of ASD diagnostic changes in males, whereas the co-occurrence of specific developmental (e.g., personal/social delay) and neurological diagnosis (e.g., epilepsy) was associated with ASD diagnostic change in females. More ASD-related evaluations and less ASD-related impairment were associated with later ASD rule outs in both sexes. Our findings highlight that CoCs can complicate the diagnostic picture and lead to an increased likelihood of ambiguity in ASD diagnosis. Using sensitive and appropriate measures in clinical practice is necessary for differential diagnosis, particularly when there are co-occurring developmental conditions. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, Yen-Tzu] Natl Taiwan Univ, Coll Med, Sch & Grad Inst Phys Therapy, Taipei, Taiwan. [Maenner, Matthew J.; Wiggins, Lisa D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Rice, Catherine E.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Emory Autism Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Bradley, Catherine C.] Med Univ S Carolina, Div Dev & Behav Pediat, Charleston, SC USA. [Lopez, Maya L.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Sect Dev Behav Pediat & Rehabil Med, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Kirby, Russell S.] Univ S Florida, Dept Community & Family Hlth, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Lee, Li-Ching] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 615 N Wolfe St,Suite E6032, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Lee, LC (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 615 N Wolfe St,Suite E6032, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM llee38@jhu.edu OI WU, YEN-TZU/0000-0001-5035-4577 NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1750-9467 EI 1878-0237 J9 RES AUTISM SPECT DIS JI Res. Autism Spectr. Disord. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 25 BP 76 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.rasd.2016.02.001 PG 11 WC Education, Special; Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation SC Education & Educational Research; Psychology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation GA DH6YK UT WOS:000372937800007 ER PT J AU Benacer, D Thong, KL Min, NC Bin Verasahib, K Galloway, RL Hartskeerl, RA Souris, M Zain, SNM AF Benacer, Douadi Thong, Kwai Lin Min, Ng Choung Bin Verasahib, Khebir Galloway, Renee L. Hartskeerl, Rudy A. Souris, Marc Zain, Siti Nursheena Mohd TI Epidemiology of human leptospirosis in Malaysia, 2004-2012 SO ACTA TROPICA LA English DT Article DE Leptospira; Leptospirosis; Outbreaks; Zoonotic infectious disease ID ZOONOTIC DISEASE; SP NOV.; PHILIPPINES; OUTBREAK; AREAS; WATER; FLOOD; ASIA AB Leptospirosis is an emerging disease, especially in countries with a tropical climate such as Malaysia. A dramatic increase in the number of cases has been reported over the last decade; however, information on the epidemiological trends of this disease is lacking. The objective of this study is to provide an epidemiological description of human leptospirosis cases over a 9-year period (2004-2012) and disease relationship with meteorological, geographical, and demographical information. A retrospective study was undertaken to describe the patterns of human leptospirosis cases and their association with intrinsic (sex, age, and ethnicity) and extrinsic (location, rainfall, and temperature) factors. Data was grouped according to age, sex, ethnicity, seasonality and geographical distribution, and analyzed using statistical tools to understand the influence of all the different factors on disease incidence. A total of 12,325 cases of leptospirosis were reported between 2004 and 2012 with an upward trend in disease incidence, with the highest in 2012. Three hundred thirty-eight deaths were reported with an overall case fatality rate of 2.74%, with higher incidence in males (9696; 78.7%) compared with female patients (2629; 21.3%), and overall male to female ratio of 3.69:1. Patients aged cohorts between 30-39 years old (16.22 per 100,000 population) had the highest disease incidence while the lowest incidence occurred between <1 to 9 years old (3.44 per 100,000 population). The average incidence was highest amongst Malays (10.97 per 100,000 population), followed by Indians (7.95 per 100,000 population). Stratification according to geographical distribution showed that the state of Malacca had the highest average disease incidence (11.12 per 100,000 population) followed by Pahang (10.08 per 100,000 population). The states of Terengganu, Kelantan, and Perak recorded similar rates of incidence (approximate to 8.00 per 100,000 population), while Johor with the least number of reported cases (1.80 per 100,000 population). Positive relationships were recorded between the number of reported cases with the number of raining days per month and monthly average temperature (p-value < 0.05). However, no significant association was noted between rainfall volume and number of reported Leptospirosis cases. This collaborative efforts between medical, academic and governmental institutions has enabled the construction of this comprehensive database that is essential to understand the disease trends in Malaysia and add insights into the prevention and control of this disease. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Benacer, Douadi; Thong, Kwai Lin; Zain, Siti Nursheena Mohd] Univ Malaya, Fac Sci, Inst Biol Sci, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Min, Ng Choung] Univ Malaya, Fac Sci, Inst Math Sci, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Bin Verasahib, Khebir] Minist Hlth, Dis Control Div, Putrajaya 62590, Malaysia. [Galloway, Renee L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hartskeerl, Rudy A.] Royal Trop Inst KIT, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Souris, Marc] Inst Rech Dev, UR 178, Marseille, France. RP Zain, SNM (reprint author), Univ Malaya, Fac Sci, Inst Biol Sci, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. EM nsheena@um.edu.my RI NG, C. M./B-9223-2010; Thong, Kwai Lin/B-3946-2009; SOURIS, Marc/K-2506-2016 OI SOURIS, Marc/0000-0002-2933-3488 FU University of Malaya [RG053/11BIO, RP016B-14AFR]; Malaya High Impact Research Grant [UM.C/625/1HIR/MOHE/CHAN/11/2] FX The authors thank the University of Malaya for facilities and financial support. This study was funded by the University of Malaya Research Grant (RG053/11BIO and RP016B-14AFR) and the Malaya High Impact Research Grant (reference UM.C/625/1HIR/MOHE/CHAN/11/2]). NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0001-706X EI 1873-6254 J9 ACTA TROP JI Acta Trop. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 157 BP 162 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.01.031 PG 7 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DH4MZ UT WOS:000372761400020 PM 26844370 ER PT J AU Liu, SY Wang, L Zheng, HJ Xu, ZX Roellig, DM Li, N Frace, MA Tang, K Arrowood, MJ Moss, DM Zhang, LX Feng, YY Xiao, LH AF Liu, Shiyou Wang, Lin Zheng, Huajun Xu, Zhixiao Roellig, Dawn M. Li, Na Frace, Michael A. Tang, Kevin Arrowood, Michael J. Moss, Delynn M. Zhang, Longxian Feng, Yaoyu Xiao, Lihua TI Comparative genomics reveals Cyclospora cayetanensis possesses coccidia-like metabolism and invasion components but unique surface antigens SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Cyclospora; Genomics; Genome; Genetics; Evolution; Apicomplexan ID TRANSFER-RNA GENES; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; EUKARYOTIC GENOMES; RHOMBOID PROTEASES; PROTOZOAN PARASITE; MANNITOL CYCLE; IDENTIFICATION; APICOPLAST; EVOLUTION; EIMERIA AB Background: Cyclospora cayetanensis is an apicomplexan that causes diarrhea in humans. The investigation of foodborne outbreaks of cyclosporiasis has been hampered by a lack of genetic data and poor understanding of pathogen biology. In this study we sequenced the genome of C. cayetanensis and inferred its metabolism and invasion components based on comparative genomic analysis. Results: The genome organization, metabolic capabilities and potential invasion mechanism of C. cayetanensis are very similar to those of Eimeria tenella. Propanoyl-CoA degradation, GPI anchor biosynthesis, and N-glycosylation are some apparent metabolic differences between C. cayetanensis and E. tenella. Unlike Eimeria spp., there are no active LTR-retrotransposons identified in C. cayetanensis. The similar repertoire of host cell invasion-related proteins possessed by all coccidia suggests that C. cayetanensis has an invasion process similar to the one in T. gondii and E. tenella. However, the significant reduction in the number of identifiable rhoptry protein kinases, phosphatases and serine protease inhibitors indicates that monoxenous coccidia, especially C. cayetanensis, have limited capabilities or use a different system to regulate host cell nuclear activities. C. cayetanensis does not possess any cluster of genes encoding the TA4-type SAG surface antigens seen in E. tenella, and may use a different family of surface antigens in initial host cell interactions. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that C. cayetanensis possesses coccidia-like metabolism and invasion components but unique surface antigens. Amino acid metabolism and post-translation modifications of proteins are some major differences between C. cayetanensis and other apicomplexans. The whole genome sequence data of C. cayetanensis improve our understanding of the biology and evolution of this major foodborne pathogen and facilitate the development of intervention measures and advanced diagnostic tools. C1 [Liu, Shiyou; Wang, Lin; Xu, Zhixiao; Li, Na; Feng, Yaoyu] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Liu, Shiyou; Roellig, Dawn M.; Li, Na; Arrowood, Michael J.; Moss, Delynn M.; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zheng, Huajun] Chinese Natl Human Genome Ctr, Key Lab Hlth & Dis Genom, Shanghai Minist Sci & Technol, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China. [Frace, Michael A.; Tang, Kevin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Resources, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zhang, Longxian] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. RP Feng, YY (reprint author), E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. EM yyfeng@ecust.edu.cn; lxiao@cdc.gov RI Feng, Yaoyu/B-3076-2014; Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31425025, 31229005]; Open Funding Project of the State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou, China [SKLVEB2014KFKT008]; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31425025 and 31229005), Open Funding Project of the State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou, China (SKLVEB2014KFKT008), and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 72 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD APR 30 PY 2016 VL 17 AR 316 DI 10.1186/s12864-016-2632-3 PG 17 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA DL9QX UT WOS:000375978900001 PM 27129308 ER PT J AU Schiller, I van Smeden, M Hadgu, A Libman, M Reitsma, JB Dendukuri, N AF Schiller, Ian van Smeden, Maarten Hadgu, Alula Libman, Michael Reitsma, Johannes B. Dendukuri, Nandini TI Bias due to composite reference standards in diagnostic accuracy studies SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE imperfect reference; composite; sensitivity; specificity; conditional dependence ID CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS INFECTIONS; ACID AMPLIFICATION TESTS; LATENT CLASS ANALYSIS; CONDITIONAL DEPENDENCE; GOLD STANDARD; DISEASE PREVALENCE; TEST PERFORMANCE; SCREENING-TESTS; ABSENCE; ERRORS AB Composite reference standards (CRSs) have been advocated in diagnostic accuracy studies in the absence of a perfect reference standard. The rationale is that combining results of multiple imperfect tests leads to a more accurate reference than any one test in isolation. Focusing on a CRS that classifies subjects as disease positive if at least one component test is positive, we derive algebraic expressions for sensitivity and specificity of this CRS, sensitivity and specificity of a new (index) test compared with this CRS, as well as the CRS-based prevalence. We use as a motivating example the problem of evaluating a new test for Chlamydia trachomatis, an asymptomatic disease for which no gold-standard test exists. As the number of component tests increases, sensitivity of this CRS increases at the expense specificity, unless all tests have perfect specificity. Therefore, such a CRS can lead to significantly biased accuracy estimates of the index test. The bias depends on disease prevalence and accuracy of the CRS. Further, conditional dependence between the CRS and index test can lead to over-estimation of index test accuracy estimates. This commonly-used CRS combines results from multiple imperfect tests in a way that ignores information and therefore is not guaranteed to improve over a single imperfect reference unless each component test has perfect specificity, and the CRS is conditionally independent of the index test. When these conditions are not met, as in the case of C. trachomatis testing, more realistic statistical models should be researched instead of relying on such CRSs. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Schiller, Ian; Dendukuri, Nandini] McGill Univ, Ctr Hlth, Div Clin Epidemiol, 687 Pine Ave R4-09, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A1, Canada. [van Smeden, Maarten; Reitsma, Johannes B.] Univ Med Ctr, Julius Ctr Hlth Sci & Primary Care, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Hadgu, Alula] Ctr Dis Control, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Libman, Michael] McGill Univ, Ctr Hlth, Div Infect Dis, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Dendukuri, N (reprint author), McGill Univ, Ctr Hlth, Div Clin Epidemiol, 687 Pine Ave R4-09, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A1, Canada. EM nandini.dendukuri@mcgill.ca OI van Smeden, Maarten/0000-0002-5529-1541 FU Canadian Institutes of Health Research [89857]; Chercheur Boursier Senior award from the Fonds de Recherche en Sante - Quebec; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research [918.10.615] FX This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Grant Number 89857). Nandini Dendukuri is supported by a Chercheur Boursier Senior award from the Fonds de Recherche en Sante - Quebec. We gratefully acknowledged financial contribution by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (project 918.10.615). NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0277-6715 EI 1097-0258 J9 STAT MED JI Stat. Med. PD APR 30 PY 2016 VL 35 IS 9 BP 1454 EP 1470 DI 10.1002/sim.6803 PG 17 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Mathematics GA DI8GQ UT WOS:000373739900004 PM 26555849 ER PT J AU An, Q Kang, J Song, R Hall, HI AF An, Qian Kang, Jian Song, Ruiguang Hall, H. Irene TI A Bayesian hierarchical model with novel prior specifications for estimating HIV testing rates SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE HIV testing rate; Bayesian hierarchical model; temporal dependence; adaptive rejection metropolis sampling ID INFECTED INDIVIDUALS; MARKOV MODEL; AIDS; DIAGNOSES; REGRESSION; AUSTRALIA; EPIDEMIC; TRENDS; LASSO AB Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a severe infectious disease actively spreading globally, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an advanced stage of HIV infection. The HIV testing rate, that is, the probability that an AIDS-free HIV infected person seeks a test for HIV during a particular time interval, given no previous positive test has been obtained prior to the start of the time, is an important parameter for public health. In this paper, we propose a Bayesian hierarchical model with two levels of hierarchy to estimate the HIV testing rate using annual AIDS and AIDS-free HIV diagnoses data. At level one, we model the latent number of HIV infections for each year using a Poisson distribution with the intensity parameter representing the HIV incidence rate. At level two, the annual numbers of AIDS and AIDS-free HIV diagnosed cases and all undiagnosed cases stratified by the HIV infections at different years are modeled using a multinomial distribution with parameters including the HIV testing rate. We propose a new class of priors for the HIV incidence rate and HIV testing rate taking into account the temporal dependence of these parameters to improve the estimation accuracy. We develop an efficient posterior computation algorithm based on the adaptive rejection metropolis sampling technique. We demonstrate our model using simulation studies and the analysis of the national HIV surveillance data in the USA. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [An, Qian; Song, Ruiguang; Hall, H. Irene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kang, Jian] Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Kang, J (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM jiankang@umich.edu FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH105561] NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0277-6715 EI 1097-0258 J9 STAT MED JI Stat. Med. PD APR 30 PY 2016 VL 35 IS 9 BP 1471 EP 1487 DI 10.1002/sim.6795 PG 17 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Mathematics GA DI8GQ UT WOS:000373739900005 PM 26567891 ER PT J AU Vargas-Prada, S Coggon, D Ntani, G Walker-Bone, K Palmer, KT Felli, VE Harari, R Barrero, LH Felknor, SA Gimeno, D Cattrell, A Bonzini, M Solidaki, E Merisalu, E Habib, RR Sadeghian, F Kadir, MM Wamakulasuriya, SSP Matsudaira, K Nyantumbu, B Sim, MR Harcombe, H Cox, K Sarquis, LMM Marziale, MH Harari, F Freire, R Harari, N Monroy, MV Quintana, LA Rojas, M Harris, EC Serra, C Martinez, JM Delclos, G Benavides, FG Carugno, M Ferrario, MM Pesatori, AC Chatzi, L Bitsios, P Kogevinas, M Oha, K Freimann, T Sadeghian, A Peiris-John, RJ Sathiakumar, N Wickremasinghe, AR Yoshimura, N Kelsall, HL Hoe, VCW Urquhart, DM Derrett, S McBride, D Herbison, P Gray, A Vega, EJS AF Vargas-Prada, Sergio Coggon, David Ntani, Georgia Walker-Bone, Karen Palmer, Keith T. Felli, Vanda E. Harari, Raul Barrero, Lope H. Felknor, Sarah A. Gimeno, David Cattrell, Anna Bonzini, Matteo Solidaki, Eleni Merisalu, Eda Habib, Rima R. Sadeghian, Farideh Kadir, M. Masood Wamakulasuriya, Sudath S. P. Matsudaira, Ko Nyantumbu, Busisiwe Sim, Malcolm R. Harcombe, Helen Cox, Ken Sarquis, Leila M. M. Marziale, Maria H. Harari, Florencia Freire, Rocio Harari, Natalia Monroy, Magda V. Quintana, Leonardo A. Rojas, Marianela Harris, E. Clare Serra, Consol Martinez, J. Miguel Delclos, George Benavides, Fernando G. Carugno, Michele Ferrario, Marco M. Pesatori, Angela C. Chatzi, Leda Bitsios, Panos Kogevinas, Manolis Oha, Kristel Freimann, Tiina Sadeghian, Ali Peiris-John, Roshini J. Sathiakumar, Nalini Wickremasinghe, A. Rajitha Yoshimura, Noriko Kelsall, Helen L. Hoe, Victor C. W. Urquhart, Donna M. Derrett, Sarah McBride, David Herbison, Peter Gray, Andrew Vega, Eduardo J. Salazar TI Descriptive Epidemiology of Somatising Tendency: Findings from the CUPID Study SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC WIDESPREAD PAIN; MULTISITE MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN; RISK-FACTORS; HEALTH BELIEFS; PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS; SOMATOFORM SYMPTOMS; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; PRIMARY-CARE; SOMATIZATION; POPULATION AB Somatising tendency, defined as a predisposition to worry about common somatic symptoms, is importantly associated with various aspects of health and health-related behaviour, including musculoskeletal pain and associated disability. To explore its epidemiological characteristics, and how it can be specified most efficiently, we analysed data from an international longitudinal study. A baseline questionnaire, which included questions from the Brief Symptom Inventory about seven common symptoms, was completed by 12,072 participants aged 20-59 from 46 occupational groups in 18 countries (response rate 70%). The seven symptoms were all mutually associated (odds ratios for pairwise associations 3.4 to 9.3), and each contributed to a measure of somatising tendency that exhibited an exposureresponse relationship both with multi-site pain (prevalence rate ratios up to six), and also with sickness absence for non-musculoskeletal reasons. In most participants, the level of somatising tendency was little changed when reassessed after a mean interval of 14 months (75% having a change of 0 or 1 in their symptom count), although the specific symptoms reported at follow-up often differed from those at baseline. Somatising tendency was more common in women than men, especially at older ages, and varied markedly across the 46 occupational groups studied, with higher rates in South and Central America. It was weakly associated with smoking, but not with level of education. Our study supports the use of questions from the Brief Symptom Inventory as a method for measuring somatising tendency, and suggests that in adults of working age, it is a fairly stable trait. C1 [Vargas-Prada, Sergio; Serra, Consol; Delclos, George; Benavides, Fernando G.] Univ Pompeu Fabra, Ctr Res Occupat Hlth CiSAL, Barcelona, Spain. [Vargas-Prada, Sergio; Coggon, David; Serra, Consol; Delclos, George; Benavides, Fernando G.; Kogevinas, Manolis] CIBER Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Barcelona, Spain. [Vargas-Prada, Sergio; Serra, Consol; Delclos, George; Benavides, Fernando G.; Kogevinas, Manolis] IMIM Hosp Mar Res Inst, Barcelona, Spain. [Coggon, David; Ntani, Georgia; Walker-Bone, Karen; Palmer, Keith T.; Cox, Ken; Harris, E. Clare; Wickremasinghe, A. Rajitha] Univ Southampton, MRC, Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Southampton, Hants, England. [Coggon, David; Ntani, Georgia; Walker-Bone, Karen; Palmer, Keith T.; Harris, E. Clare] Univ Southampton, Arthrit Res UK, MRC Ctr Musculoskeletal Hlth & Work, Southampton, Hants, England. [Felli, Vanda E.] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Nursing, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Harari, Raul; Harari, Florencia; Freire, Rocio; Harari, Natalia] IFA Inst Dev Prod & Work Environm, Corporac Desarrollo Prod & Medio Ambiente Laboral, Quito, Ecuador. [Barrero, Lope H.; Monroy, Magda V.; Quintana, Leonardo A.] Pontificia Univ Javeriana, Sch Engn, Dept Ind Engn, Bogota, Colombia. [Felknor, Sarah A.; Gimeno, David; Delclos, George] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Southwest Ctr Occupat & Environm Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Felknor, Sarah A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cattrell, Anna] Goodmayes Hosp, North East London NHS Fdn Trust, Ilford, England. [Bonzini, Matteo; Ferrario, Marco M.] Univ Insubria, Epidemiol & Prevent Med Res Ctr, Varese, Italy. [Solidaki, Eleni; Chatzi, Leda] Univ Crete, Sch Med, Dept Social Med, Iraklion, Greece. [Merisalu, Eda] Estonian Univ Life Sci, Inst Technol, Tartu, Estonia. [Habib, Rima R.] Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Environm Hlth, Fac Hlth Sci, Beirut, Lebanon. [Sadeghian, Farideh] Shahroud Univ Med Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Occupat Hlth, Shahroud, Iran. [Kadir, M. Masood] Aga Khan Univ, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Karachi, Pakistan. [Wamakulasuriya, Sudath S. P.] Univ Sri Jayewardenepura, Dept Med Educ & Hlth Sci, Fac Med Sci, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. [Matsudaira, Ko] Tokyo Univ Hosp, Dept Med Res & Management Musculoskeletal Pain, 22nd Century Med & Res Ctr, Fac Med, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Nyantumbu, Busisiwe] Natl Inst Occupat Hlth, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Nyantumbu, Busisiwe] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Sim, Malcolm R.; Kelsall, Helen L.; Urquhart, Donna M.] Monash Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia. [Harcombe, Helen; McBride, David; Herbison, Peter; Gray, Andrew] Univ Otago, Dept Prevent & Social Med, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Sarquis, Leila M. M.] Univ Fed Parana, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Marziale, Maria H.] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Nursing Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Rojas, Marianela] Natl Univ Costa Rica, Inst Studies Toxic Subst IRET, Program Hlth Work & Environm Cent Amer, Heredia, Costa Rica. [Serra, Consol] Parc Salut MAR, Occupat Hlth Serv, Barcelona, Spain. [Martinez, J. Miguel] MC Mutual, Serv Invest & Anal IT EP, Dept Invest & Anal Prestac, Barcelona, Spain. [Carugno, Michele; Pesatori, Angela C.] Univ Milan, Dept Clin Sci & Community Hlth, Milan, Italy. [Pesatori, Angela C.] Osped Maggiore Policlin, Fdn Ca Granda, Milan, Italy. [Bitsios, Panos] Univ Crete, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Iraklion, Greece. [Kogevinas, Manolis] Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol CREAL, Barcelona, Spain. [Oha, Kristel] North Estonia Med Ctr, Tallinn, Estonia. [Freimann, Tiina] Tartu Univ Hosp, Tartu, Estonia. [Sadeghian, Ali] Klinikum Leverkusen, Leverkusen, Germany. [Peiris-John, Roshini J.] Univ Sri Jayewardenepura, Dept Physiol, Fac Med Sci, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. [Peiris-John, Roshini J.] Univ Auckland, Sch Populat Hlth, Sect Epidemiol & Biostat, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Sathiakumar, Nalini] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Wickremasinghe, A. Rajitha] Univ Kalaniya, Fac Med, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka. [Yoshimura, Noriko] Univ Tokyo, 22nd Century Med & Res Ctr, Dept Joint Dis Res, Tokyo, Japan. [Hoe, Victor C. W.] Univ Malaya, Fac Med, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Ctr Occupat & Environm Hlth, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Derrett, Sarah] Univ Otago, Injury Prevent Res Unit, Dept Prevent & Social Med, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Vega, Eduardo J. Salazar] AkzoNobel, Hlth Safety & Environm Dept, Houston, TX USA. RP Coggon, D (reprint author), Univ Southampton, MRC, Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Southampton, Hants, England.; Coggon, D (reprint author), Univ Southampton, Arthrit Res UK, MRC Ctr Musculoskeletal Hlth & Work, Southampton, Hants, England. EM dnc@mrc.soton.ac.uk RI Hoe, VICTOR/B-5190-2010; FELLI, VANDA/H-5942-2012; Kogevinas, Manolis/C-3918-2017; OI Hoe, VICTOR/0000-0002-8073-157X; FELLI, VANDA/0000-0001-7250-4353; Peiris-John, Roshini/0000-0001-7812-2268; Ferrario, Marco M/0000-0003-2741-7124; Vargas-Prada, Sergio/0000-0002-0713-5392; Monroy Silva, Magda Viviana/0000-0002-6185-5999; pesatori, angela/0000-0002-0261-3252 FU Monash University; National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia); Ministry of Higher Education in Malaysia; Health Research Council of New Zealand; Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health at the University of Texas Health Science Center from the NIH Fogarty International Center FX Monash University funded data collection in Australia through its grant schemes; National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia) supported HLK and DMU through fellowships; the Ministry of Higher Education in Malaysia supported VCWH in Australia; and the Health Research Council of New Zealand funded data collection in New Zealand. Data collection in Central America and Colombia was supported by the Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health at the University of Texas Health Science Center research training grant from the NIH Fogarty International Center. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 29 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 4 AR e0153748 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0153748 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DK8XM UT WOS:000375212600013 PM 27128094 ER PT J AU Romero, L Pazol, K Warner, L Cox, S Kroelinger, C Besera, G Brittain, A Fuller, TR Koumans, E Barfield, W AF Romero, Lisa Pazol, Karen Warner, Lee Cox, Shanna Kroelinger, Charlan Besera, Ghenet Brittain, Anna Fuller, Taleria R. Koumans, Emilia Barfield, Wanda TI Reduced Disparities in Birth Rates Among Teens Aged 15-19 Years - United States, 2006-2007 and 2013-2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Romero, Lisa; Pazol, Karen; Warner, Lee; Cox, Shanna; Kroelinger, Charlan; Besera, Ghenet; Brittain, Anna; Fuller, Taleria R.; Koumans, Emilia; Barfield, Wanda] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Romero, L (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LRomeroPaul@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 16 BP 409 EP 414 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK4YN UT WOS:000374926300001 PM 27124706 ER PT J AU Briere, EC AF Briere, Elizabeth C. TI Food and Drug Administration Approval for Use of Hiberix as a 3-Dose Primary Haemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib) Vaccination Series SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Briere, Elizabeth C.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Briere, EC (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ebriere@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 16 BP 418 EP 419 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK4YN UT WOS:000374926300003 PM 27124887 ER PT J AU Johnson, RO Cope, JR Moskowitz, M Kahler, A Hill, V Behrendt, K Molina, L Fullerton, KE Beach, MJ AF Johnson, Richard O. Cope, Jennifer R. Moskowitz, Marvin Kahler, Amy Hill, Vincent Behrendt, Kaleigh Molina, Louis Fullerton, Kathleen E. Beach, Michael J. TI Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis Associated with Exposure to Swimming Pool Water Supplied by an Overland Pipe - Inyo County, California, 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID NAEGLERIA-FOWLERI C1 [Johnson, Richard O.; Behrendt, Kaleigh] Inyo Cty Hlth & Human Serv, Bishop, CA USA. [Cope, Jennifer R.; Kahler, Amy; Hill, Vincent; Fullerton, Kathleen E.; Beach, Michael J.] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Moskowitz, Marvin] Inyo Cty Environm Hlth, Bishop, CA USA. [Molina, Louis] Mono Cty Environm Hlth, Mammoth Lakes, CA USA. RP Cope, JR (reprint author), Inyo Cty Hlth & Human Serv, Bishop, CA USA. EM jcope@cdc.gov NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 16 BP 424 EP 424 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK4YN UT WOS:000374926300005 PM 27123690 ER PT J AU Wiseman, R Weil, LM Lozano, C Johnson, TJ Jin, S Moorman, AC Foster, MA Mixson-Hayden, T Khudyakov, Y Kuhar, DT Graves, J AF Wiseman, Rachel Weil, Lauren M. Lozano, Catalina Johnson, Thomas J., Jr. Jin, Sherry Moorman, Anne C. Foster, Monique A. Mixson-Hayden, Tonya Khudyakov, Yury Kuhar, David T. Graves, Julie TI Health Care-Associated Hepatitis A Outbreak - Texas, 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID VACCINATION COVERAGE; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION C1 [Wiseman, Rachel; Weil, Lauren M.; Graves, Julie] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Lozano, Catalina] Ft Bend Cty Clin Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Johnson, Thomas J., Jr.] Houston Hlth Dept, Houston, TX USA. [Jin, Sherry] Harris Cty Publ Hlth & Environm Serv, Houston, TX USA. [Moorman, Anne C.; Foster, Monique A.; Mixson-Hayden, Tonya; Khudyakov, Yury] CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kuhar, David T.] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wiseman, R (reprint author), Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. EM rachel.wiseman@dshs.texas.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 16 BP 425 EP 426 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK4YN UT WOS:000374926300006 PM 27123787 ER PT J AU Chowdhury, PP Mawokomatanda, T Xu, F Gamble, S Flegel, D Pierannunzi, C Garvin, W Town, M AF Chowdhury, Pranesh P. Mawokomatanda, Tebitha Xu, Fang Gamble, Sonya Flegel, David Pierannunzi, Carol Garvin, William Town, Machell TI Surveillance for Certain Health Behaviors, Chronic Diseases, and Conditions, Access to Health Care, and Use of Preventive Health Services Among States and Selected Local Areas - Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2012 SO MMWR SURVEILLANCE SUMMARIES LA English DT Article ID FORCE RECOMMENDATION STATEMENT; HEART-DISEASE; CANCER; PREVALENCE; ADULTS; MORTALITY; DEATH; RELIABILITY; DISABILITY; VALIDITY AB Problem: Chronic diseases (e.g., heart diseases, cancer, chronic lower respiratory disease, stroke, diabetes, and arthritis) and unintentional injuries are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Behavioral risk factors (e.g., tobacco use, poor diet, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, failure to use seat belts, and insufficient sleep) are linked to the leading causes of death. Modifying these behavioral risk factors and using preventive health services (e.g., cancer screenings and influenza and pneumococcal vaccination of adults aged >= 65 years) can substantially reduce morbidity and mortality in the U.S. population. Continuous monitoring of these health-risk behaviors, chronic conditions, and use of preventive services are essential to the development of health promotion strategies, intervention programs, and health policies at the state, city, and county level. Reporting Period: January-December 2012. Description of the System: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is an ongoing, state-based, random-digit-dialed landline- and cellular-telephone survey of noninstitutionalized adults aged >= 18 years residing in the United States. BRFSS collects data on health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, access to health care, and use of preventive health services related to the leading causes of death and disability. This report presents results for all 50 states, the District of Columbia, participating U.S. territories that include the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (Puerto Rico) and Guam, 187 Metropolitan/Micropolitan Statistical Areas (MMSAs), and 210 counties (n = 475,687 survey respondents) for the year 2012. Results: In 2012, the estimated prevalence of health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases or conditions, access to health care, and use of preventive health services substantially varied by state and territory, MMSA, and county. The following portion of the abstract lists a summary of results by selected BRFSS measures. Each set of proportions refers to the range of estimated prevalence for health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases or conditions, and use of preventive health care services among geographical units, as reported by survey respondents. Adults with good or better health: 64.0%-88.3% for states and territories, 62.7%-90.5% for MMSAs, and 68.1%92.4% for counties. Adults aged 18-64 years with health care coverage: 64.2%-93.1% for states and territories, 35.4%-93.7% for MMSAs, and 35.4%-96.7% for counties. Adults who received a routine physical checkup during the preceding 12 months: 55.7%-80.1% for states and territories, 50.6%-85.0% for MMSAs, and 52.4%-85.0% for counties. An influenza vaccination received during the preceding 12 months among adults aged >= 65 years: 26.3%-70.1% for states and territories, 20.8%-77.8% for MMSAs, and 24.1%-77.6% for counties. Ever received pneumococcal vaccination among adults aged >= 65 years: 22.2%-76.2% for states and territories, 15.3%-83.4% for MMSAs, and 25.8%-85.2% for counties. Adults who had a dental visit in the past year: 53.7%-76.2% for states and territories, and 44.8%-81.7% for MMSAs and counties. Adults aged = 65 years who have lost all of their natural teeth from tooth decay or gum disease: 7.0%-33.7% for states and territories, 5.8%-39.6% for MMSAs, and 5.8%-37.1% for counties. Adults aged 50-75 years who received a colorectal cancer screening on the basis of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation: 40.0%-76.4% for states and territories, 47.1%-80.7% for MMSAs, and 47.0%-81.0% for counties. Women aged 21-65 years who had a Papanicolaou test during the preceding 3 years: 68.5% to 89.6% for states and territories, 70.3% to 92.8% for MMSAs, and 65.7%-94.6% for counties. Women aged 50-74 years who had a mammogram during the preceding 2 years: 66.5%-89.7% for states and territories, 61.1%-91.5% for MMSAs, and 61.8%-91.6% for counties. Current cigarette smoking among adults: 10.6%-28.3% for states and territories, 5.1%-30.1% for MMSAs, and 5.1%-28.3% for counties. Binge drinking among adults during the preceding month: 10.2%-25.2% for states and territories, 6.2%-28.1% for MMSAs, and 6.2%-29.5% for counties. Heavy drinking among adults during the preceding month: 3.5%-8.5% for states and territories, 2.0%-11.0% for MMSAs, and 1.9%-11.0% for counties. Adults who reported no leisure-time physical activity: 16.3%-42.4% for states and territories, 9.2%-47.3% for MMSAs, and 9.2%-39.0% for counties. Self-reported seat belt use: 62.0%-93.7% for states and territories, 54.1%-97.1% for MMSAs, and 50.1%-97.4% for counties. Adults who were obese: 20.5%-34.7% for states and territories, 14.8%-44.5% for MMSAs and counties. Adults with diagnosed diabetes: 7.0%-16.4% for states and territories, 3.4%-17.4% for MMSAs, and 3.1%-17.4% for counties. Adults who ever had any type of cancer: 3.0%-13.7% for states and territories, 3.8%-19.2% for MMSAs, and 4.5%-19.2% for counties. Adults with current asthma: 5.8%-11.1% for states and territories, 3.1%-15.0% for MMSAs, and 3.1%-15.7% for counties. Adults with some form of arthritis: 15.6%-36.4% for states and territories, 16.8%-45.8% for MMSAs, and 14.8%-35.9% for counties. Adults having had a depressive disorder: 9.0%-23. 5% for states and territories, 9.2%-28.3% for MMSAs, and 8.5%-28.4% for counties. Adults aged >= 45 years who have had coronary heart disease: 7.4%-19.0% for states and territories, 6.1%-23.3% for MMSAs, and 6.1%-20.6% for counties. Adults aged >= 45 years who have had a stroke: 3.1%-7.3% for states and territories, 2.1%-9.3% for MMSAs, and 1.5%-9.3% for counties. Adults with limited activities because of physical, mental, or emotional problems: 15.0%-28.6% for states and territories, 12.0%-31.7% for MMSAs, and 11.3%-31.7% for counties. Adults using special equipment because of any health problem: 4.8%-11.6% for states and territories, 4.0%-14.7% for MMSAs, and 2.8%-13.6% for counties. Interpretation: This report underscores the need for continuous surveillance of health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases or conditions, health care access, and use of preventive care services at state and local levels. It will help to identify high-risk populations and to evaluate public health intervention programs and policies designed to reduce morbidity and mortality from chronic disease and injury. Public Health Action: State and local health departments and agencies can continue to use BRFSS data to identify populations at high risk for unhealthy behaviors and chronic diseases or conditions, lack of health care access, and inadequate use of preventive care services. Additionally, states can use the data to design, implement, monitor, and evaluate public health programs and policies at state and local levels. C1 [Chowdhury, Pranesh P.; Mawokomatanda, Tebitha; Xu, Fang; Gamble, Sonya; Pierannunzi, Carol; Garvin, William; Town, Machell] CDC, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Flegel, David] Northrop Grumman Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Town, M (reprint author), CDC, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mpt2@cdc.gov NR 71 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 9 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-8636 J9 MMWR SURVEILL SUMM JI MMWR Surv. Summ. PD APR 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 4 BP 1 EP 139 PG 139 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL1RT UT WOS:000375410400001 PM 27124212 ER PT J AU Moro, PL Cragan, J Tepper, N Zheteyeva, Y Museru, O Lewis, P Broder, K AF Moro, Pedro L. Cragan, Janet Tepper, Naomi Zheteyeva, Yenlik Museru, Oidda Lewis, Paige Broder, Karen TI Enhanced surveillance of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccines in pregnancy in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 2011-2015 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Adverse events; Epidemiology; Tdap; Pregnancy; Surveillance; Vaccine safety ID SAFETY DATALINK; BIRTH OUTCOMES; WOMEN; ASSOCIATION; COVERAGE; INFANTS AB Background: In October 2011, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) issued updated recommendations that all pregnant women routinely receive a dose of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine. Objectives: We characterized reports to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) in pregnant women who received Tdap after this updated recommendation (2011-2015) and compared the pattern of adverse events (AEs) with the period before the updated recommendation (2005-2010). Methods: We searched the VAERS database for reports of AEs in pregnant women who received Tdap vaccine after the routine recommendation (11/01/2011-6/30/2015) and compared it to published data before the routine Tdap recommendation (01/01/2005-06/30/2010). We conducted clinical review of reports and available medical records. The clinical pattern of reports in the post-recommendation period was compared with the pattern before the routine Tdap recommendation. Results: We found 392 reports of Tdap vaccination after the routine recommendation. One neonatal death but no maternal deaths were reported. No maternal or neonatal deaths were reported before the recommendation. We observed an increase in proportion of reports for stillbirths (1.5-2.8%) and injection site reactions/arm pain (4.5-11.9%) after the recommendation compared to the period before the routine recommendation for Tdap during pregnancy. We noted a decrease in reports of spontaneous abortion (16.7-1%). After the 2011 Tdap recommendation, in most reports, vaccination (79%) occurred during the third trimester compared to 4% before the 2011 Tdap recommendation. Twenty-six reports of repeat Tdap were received in VAERS; 13 did not report an AE. One medical facility accounted for 27% of all submitted reports. Conclusions: No new or unexpected vaccine AEs were noted among pregnant women who received Tdap after routine recommendations for maternal Tdap vaccination. Changes in reporting patterns would be expected, given the broader use of Tdap in pregnant women in the third trimester. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Moro, Pedro L.; Museru, Oidda; Lewis, Paige; Broder, Karen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cragan, Janet] CDC, Birth Defects Branch, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tepper, Naomi] CDC, Womens Hlth & Fertil Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zheteyeva, Yenlik] CDC, Community Intervent Infect Control Unit, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Moro, PL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pmoro@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 29 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 20 BP 2349 EP 2353 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.049 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DL3AF UT WOS:000375505900011 PM 27013434 ER PT J AU Bryan, L Kaye, W Antao, V Mehta, P Muravov, O Horton, DK AF Bryan, Leah Kaye, Wendy Antao, Vinicius Mehta, Paul Muravov, Oleg Horton, D. Kevin TI Preliminary Results of National Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Registry Risk Factor Survey Data SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PILOT CASE-CONTROL; GULF-WAR VETERANS; BODY-MASS INDEX; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; MORTALITY AB Background The National ALS Registry is made up of two components to capture amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cases: national administrative databases (Medicare, Medicaid, Veterans Health Administration and Veterans Benefits Administration) and self-identified cases captured by the Registry's web portal. This study describes self-reported characteristics of U.S. adults with ALS using the data collected by the National ALS Registry web portal risk factor surveys only from October 19, 2010 through December 31, 2013. Objective To describe findings from the National ALS Registry's web portal risk factor surveys. Measurements The prevalence of select risk factors among adults with ALS was determined by calculating the frequencies of select risk factors-smoking and alcohol (non, current and former) histories, military service and occupational history, and family history of neurodegenerative diseases such as ALS, Alzheimer's and/or Parkinson's. Results Nearly half of survey respondents were ever smokers compared with nearly 41% of adults nationally. Most respondents were ever drinkers which is comparable to national estimates. The majority were light drinkers. Nearly one-quarter of survey respondents were veterans compared with roughly 9% of US adults nationally. Most respondents were retired or disabled. The industries in which respondents were employed for the longest time were Professional and Scientific and Technical Services. When family history of neurodegenerative diseases in first degree relatives was evaluated against our comparison group, the rates of ALS were similar, but were higher for Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and any neurodegenerative diseases. Conclusions The National ALS Registry web portal, to our knowledge, is the largest, most geographically diverse collection of risk factor data about adults living with ALS. Various characteristics were consistent with other published studies on ALS risk factors and will allow researchers to generate hypotheses for future research. C1 [Bryan, Leah] Carter Consulting Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kaye, Wendy] McKing Consulting Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Antao, Vinicius; Mehta, Paul; Muravov, Oleg; Horton, D. Kevin] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bryan, L (reprint author), Carter Consulting Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. EM LBN4@cdc.gov FU federal government of the United States; Carter Consulting Incorporated; McKing Consulting Corporation FX This project was designed, implemented, and funded by the federal government of the United States. The funder provided support in the form of salaries for authors LB, WK, VCA, PM, OM, and DKH and had a role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. Carter Consulting Incorporated and McKing Consulting Corporation provided support in the form of salaries for authors LB and WK, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 28 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 4 AR e0153683 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0153683 PG 18 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DK8XE UT WOS:000375211700021 PM 27124833 ER PT J AU Edmonds, J Lindquist, HDA Sabol, J Martinez, K Shadomy, S Cymet, T Emanuel, P AF Edmonds, Jason Lindquist, H. D. Alan Sabol, Jonathan Martinez, Kenneth Shadomy, Sean Cymet, Tyler Emanuel, Peter TI Multigeneration Cross-Contamination of Mail with Bacillus anthracis Spores SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BIOTERRORISM-RELATED ANTHRAX; FATAL INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX; UNITED-STATES; OUTBREAK; CONNECTICUT; WASHINGTON; DC AB The release of biological agents, including those which could be used in biowarfare or bioterrorism in large urban areas, has been a concern for governments for nearly three decades. Previous incidents from Sverdlosk and the postal anthrax attack of 2001 have raised questions on the mechanism of spread of Bacillus anthracis spores as an aerosol or contaminant. Prior studies have demonstrated that Bacillus atrophaeus is easily transferred through simulated mail handing, but no reports have demonstrated this ability with Bacillus anthracis spores, which have morphological differences that may affect adhesion properties between spore and formite. In this study, equipment developed to simulate interactions across three generations of envelopes subjected to tumbling and mixing was used to evaluate the potential for cross-contamination of B. anthracis spores in simulated mail handling. In these experiments, we found that the potential for cross-contamination through letter tumbling from one generation to the next varied between generations while the presence of a fluidizer had no statistical impact on the transfer of material. Likewise, the presence or absence of a fluidizer had no statistically significant impact on cross-contamination levels or reaerosolization from letter opening. C1 [Edmonds, Jason; Sabol, Jonathan; Emanuel, Peter] US Army, Dept Def, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Lindquist, H. D. Alan] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Martinez, Kenneth] HWC Inc, 1100 New York Ave NW, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Shadomy, Sean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cymet, Tyler] Amer Assoc Coll Osteopath Med, Med Educ, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA. RP Edmonds, J (reprint author), US Army, Dept Def, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jason.m.edmonds2.civ@mail.mil FU Combatting Terrorism Technical Support Working Group, Caution; Hassett Willis; Department of Defense; Edgewood Chemical Biological Center; Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institutes for Occupational Safety and Health; Department of Justice; Federal Bureau of Investigations; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX This program was partially funded by the Technical Support Working Group, now the Combatting Terrorism Technical Support Working Group, Caution (http://www.cttso.gov/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Hassett Willis provided support in the form of salaries for authors (KM), but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The Department of Defense, Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institutes for Occupational Safety and Health, Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigations, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. This manuscript has been subject to Agency review and but does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agencies listed above. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the author contributions section.; The Department of Defense, Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institutes for Occupational Safety and Health, Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigations, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. This manuscript has been subject to Agency review and but does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agencies listed above. No official endorsement should be inferred. Mention or use of trade names does not constitute endorsement of recommendation for use. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 28 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 4 AR e0152225 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0152225 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DK8XE UT WOS:000375211700004 PM 27123934 ER PT J AU Agnandji, ST Huttner, A Zinser, ME Njuguna, P Dahlke, C Fernandes, JF Yerly, S Dayer, JA Kraehling, V Kasonta, R Adegnika, AA Altfeld, M Auderset, F Bache, EB Biedenkopf, N Borregaard, S Brosnahan, JS Burrow, R Combescure, C Desmeules, J Eickmann, M Fehling, SK Finckh, A Goncalves, AR Grobusch, MP Hooper, J Jambrecina, A Kabwende, AL Kaya, G Kimani, D Lell, B Lemaitre, B Lohse, AW Massinga-Loembe, M Matthey, A Mordmuller, B Nolting, A Ogwang, C Ramharter, M Schmidt-Chanasit, J Schmiedel, S Silvera, P Stahl, FR Staines, HM Strecker, T Stubbe, HC Tsofa, B Zaki, S Fast, P Moorthy, V Kaiser, L Krishna, S Becker, S Kieny, MP Bejon, P Kremsner, PG Addo, MM Siegrist, CA AF Agnandji, S. T. Huttner, A. Zinser, M. E. Njuguna, P. Dahlke, C. Fernandes, J. F. Yerly, S. Dayer, J. -A. Kraehling, V. Kasonta, R. Adegnika, A. A. Altfeld, M. Auderset, F. Bache, E. B. Biedenkopf, N. Borregaard, S. Brosnahan, J. S. Burrow, R. Combescure, C. Desmeules, J. Eickmann, M. Fehling, S. K. Finckh, A. Goncalves, A. R. Grobusch, M. P. Hooper, J. Jambrecina, A. Kabwende, A. L. Kaya, G. Kimani, D. Lell, B. Lemaitre, B. Lohse, A. W. Massinga-Loembe, M. Matthey, A. Mordmueller, B. Nolting, A. Ogwang, C. Ramharter, M. Schmidt-Chanasit, J. Schmiedel, S. Silvera, P. Stahl, F. R. Staines, H. M. Strecker, T. Stubbe, H. C. Tsofa, B. Zaki, S. Fast, P. Moorthy, V. Kaiser, L. Krishna, S. Becker, S. Kieny, M. -P. Bejon, P. Kremsner, P. G. Addo, M. M. Siegrist, C. -A. TI Phase 1 Trials of rVSV Ebola Vaccine in Africa and Europe SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS; PROTECTS NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; MARBURG VIRUS; INFECTION; IMMUNITY; VSV AB BACKGROUND The replication-competent recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV)-based vaccine expressing a Zaire ebolavirus (ZEBOV) glycoprotein was selected for rapid safety and immunogenicity testing before its use in West Africa. METHODS We performed three open-label, dose-escalation phase 1 trials and one randomized, double-blind, controlled phase 1 trial to assess the safety, side-effect profile, and immunogenicity of rVSV-ZEBOV at various doses in 158 healthy adults in Europe and Africa. All participants were injected with doses of vaccine ranging from 300,000 to 50 million plaque-forming units (PFU) or placebo. RESULTS No serious vaccine-related adverse events were reported. Mild-to-moderate early-onset reactogenicity was frequent but transient (median, 1 day). Fever was observed in up to 30% of vaccinees. Vaccine viremia was detected within 3 days in 123 of the 130 participants (95%) receiving 3 million PFU or more; rVSV was not detected in saliva or urine. In the second week after injection, arthritis affecting one to four joints developed in 11 of 51 participants (22%) in Geneva, with pain lasting a median of 8 days (interquartile range, 4 to 87); 2 self-limited cases occurred in 60 participants (3%) in Hamburg, Germany, and Kilifi, Kenya. The virus was identified in one synovial-fluid aspirate and in skin vesicles of 2 other vaccinees, showing peripheral viral replication in the second week after immunization. ZEBOV-glycoprotein-specific antibody responses were detected in all the participants, with similar glycoprotein-binding antibody titers but significantly higher neutralizing antibody titers at higher doses. Glyco-protein-binding antibody titers were sustained through 180 days in all participants. CONCLUSIONS In these studies, rVSV-ZEBOV was reactogenic but immunogenic after a single dose and warrants further evaluation for safety and efficacy. C1 [Siegrist, C. -A.] Univ Hosp Geneva, Ctr Vaccinol, 1 Rue Michel Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Agnandji, S. T.; Fernandes, J. F.; Adegnika, A. A.; Bache, E. B.; Brosnahan, J. S.; Grobusch, M. P.; Kabwende, A. L.; Lell, B.; Massinga-Loembe, M.; Mordmueller, B.; Ramharter, M.; Krishna, S.; Kremsner, P. G.] Ctr Rech Med Lambarene, Lambarene, Gabon. [Agnandji, S. T.; Fernandes, J. F.; Adegnika, A. A.; Bache, E. B.; Brosnahan, J. S.; Grobusch, M. P.; Kabwende, A. L.; Lell, B.; Massinga-Loembe, M.; Mordmueller, B.; Ramharter, M.; Krishna, S.; Kremsner, P. G.] Univ Klinikum Tubinen, Inst Tropenmed, Tubingen, Germany. [Agnandji, S. T.; Fernandes, J. F.; Adegnika, A. A.; Bache, E. B.; Brosnahan, J. S.; Grobusch, M. P.; Kabwende, A. L.; Lell, B.; Massinga-Loembe, M.; Mordmueller, B.; Ramharter, M.; Krishna, S.; Kremsner, P. G.] German Ctr Infect Res, Tubingen, Germany. [Zinser, M. E.; Dahlke, C.; Kasonta, R.; Lohse, A. W.; Nolting, A.; Schmiedel, S.; Stubbe, H. C.; Addo, M. M.] Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf, Dept Med 1, Hamburg, Germany. [Stahl, F. R.] Inst Clin Chem & Lab Med, Hamburg, Germany. [Dahlke, C.; Nolting, A.; Schmidt-Chanasit, J.; Stubbe, H. C.; Addo, M. M.] German Ctr Infect Res, Partner Site Standort Hamburg lUBECK Borstel, Hamburg, Germany. [Altfeld, M.] Leibniz Inst Expt Virol, Heinrich Pette Inst, Hamburg, Germany. [Borregaard, S.; Jambrecina, A.] Clin Trial Ctr North, Hamburg, Germany. [Schmidt-Chanasit, J.] WHO, Collaborating Ctr Arbovirus & Hemorrhag Fever Ref, Natl Reference Ctr Trop Infect Dis, Bernhard Nocht Inst Trop Med, Hamburg, Germany. [Kraehling, V.; Biedenkopf, N.; Eickmann, M.; Fehling, S. K.; Strecker, T.; Becker, S.] Univ Marburg, Inst Virol, Partner Site Giessen Marburg Langen, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. [Kraehling, V.; Biedenkopf, N.; Eickmann, M.; Fehling, S. K.; Strecker, T.; Becker, S.] German Ctr Infect Res DZIF, Partner Site Giessen Marburg Langen, Marburg, Germany. [Kasonta, R.] Paul Ehrlich Inst, Div Vet Med, Langen, Germany. [Huttner, A.] Univ Hosp Geneva, Infect Control Program, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Huttner, A.; Dayer, J. -A.; Kaiser, L.] Univ Hosp Geneva, Div Infect Dis, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Combescure, C.] Univ Hosp Geneva, Div Clin Epidemiol, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Finckh, A.] Univ Hosp Geneva, Div Rheumatol, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Kaya, G.] Univ Hosp Geneva, Div Dermatol, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Desmeules, J.; Matthey, A.] Univ Hosp Geneva, Clin Res Ctr, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Yerly, S.; Goncalves, A. R.; Kaiser, L.] Univ Hosp Geneva, Fac Med, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Yerly, S.; Goncalves, A. R.; Kaiser, L.] Univ Hosp Geneva, Virol Lab, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Auderset, F.; Lemaitre, B.; Siegrist, C. -A.] WHO, Collaborat Ctr Vaccinol, Fac Med, Geneva, Switzerland. [Fast, P.; Moorthy, V.; Kieny, M. -P.] WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. [Njuguna, P.; Kimani, D.; Ogwang, C.; Tsofa, B.; Bejon, P.] Ctr Geog Med Res, Kenya Med Res Inst, Wellcome Trust Res Program, Kilifi, Kenya. [Adegnika, A. A.] Leiden Univ, Dept Parasitol, Med Ctr, Leiden, Netherlands. [Grobusch, M. P.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Ctr Trop Med & Travel Med, Dept Infect Dis,Div Internal Med, Meibergdreef 9, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Burrow, R.; Staines, H. M.; Krishna, S.] Univ London, Inst Infect & Immun, London WC1E 7HU, England. [Hooper, J.; Silvera, P.] US Army, Dept Mol Virol, Med Res Inst Infect, Frederick, MD USA. [Hooper, J.; Silvera, P.] US Army, Div Translat Sci, Med Res Inst Infect, Frederick, MD USA. [Ramharter, M.] Med Univ Vienna, Dept Med 1, Div Infect Dis & Trop Med, Vienna, Austria. [Zaki, S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fast, P.] Int AIDS Vaccine Initiat, New York, NY USA. RP Addo, MM (reprint author), Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf, Dept Med 1, Div Trop Med, Martinistr 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.; Siegrist, CA (reprint author), Univ Hosp Geneva, Ctr Vaccinol, 1 Rue Michel Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.; Siegrist, CA (reprint author), Ctr Med Univ Geneva, Fac Med, 1 Rue Michel Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. EM m.addo@uke.de; claire-anne.siegrist@unige.ch RI Staines, Henry/B-6281-2009; Ramharter, Michael/C-5273-2013 OI Staines, Henry/0000-0001-5890-3040; Ramharter, Michael/0000-0002-9259-1885 FU Wellcome Trust FX Funded by the Wellcome Trust and others; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT02283099, NCT02287480, and NCT02296983; Pan African Clinical Trials Registry number, PACTR201411000919191. NR 32 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 21 U2 45 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD APR 28 PY 2016 VL 374 IS 17 BP 1647 EP 1660 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa1502924 PG 14 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DK3UR UT WOS:000374843400008 PM 25830326 ER PT J AU Hirve, S Newman, LP Paget, J Azziz-Baumgartner, E Fitzner, J Bhat, N Vandemaele, K Zhang, WQ AF Hirve, Siddhivinayak Newman, Laura P. Paget, John Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo Fitzner, Julia Bhat, Niranjan Vandemaele, Katelijn Zhang, Wenqing TI Influenza Seasonality in the Tropics and Subtropics - When to Vaccinate? SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COUNTRIES; VIRUS; RECOMMENDATIONS; SELECTION AB Background The timing of the biannual WHO influenza vaccine composition selection and production cycle has been historically directed to the influenza seasonality patterns in the temperate regions of the northern and southern hemispheres. Influenza activity, however, is poorly understood in the tropics with multiple peaks and identifiable year-round activity. The evidence-base needed to take informed decisions on vaccination timing and vaccine formulation is often lacking for the tropics and subtropics. This paper aims to assess influenza seasonality in the tropics and subtropics. It explores geographical grouping of countries into vaccination zones based on optimal timing of influenza vaccination. Methods Influenza seasonality was assessed by different analytic approaches (weekly proportion of positive cases, time series analysis, etc.) using FluNet and national surveillance data. In case of discordance in the seasonality assessment, consensus was built through discussions with in-country experts. Countries with similar onset periods of their primary influenza season were grouped into geographical zones. Results The number and period of peak activity was ascertained for 70 of the 138 countries in the tropics and subtropics. Thirty-seven countries had one and seventeen countries had two distinct peaks. Countries near the equator had secondary peaks or even identifiable year-round activity. The main influenza season in most of South America and Asia started between April and June. The start of the main season varied widely in Africa (October and December in northern Africa, April and June in Southern Africa and a mixed pattern in tropical Africa). Eight "influenza vaccination zones" (two each in America and Asia, and four in Africa and Middle East) were defined with recommendations for vaccination timing and vaccine formulation. The main limitation of our study is that FluNet and national surveillance data may lack the granularity to detect sub-national variability in seasonality patterns. Conclusion Distinct influenza seasonality patterns, though complex, could be ascertained for most countries in the tropics and subtropics using national surveillance data. It may be possible to group countries into zones based on similar recommendations for vaccine timing and formulation. C1 [Hirve, Siddhivinayak; Fitzner, Julia; Vandemaele, Katelijn; Zhang, Wenqing] World Hlth Org, Global Influenza Program, Geneva, Switzerland. [Newman, Laura P.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Paget, John] Netherlands Inst Hlth Serv Res, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bhat, Niranjan] Program Appropriate Technol, Seattle, WA USA. RP Hirve, S (reprint author), World Hlth Org, Global Influenza Program, Geneva, Switzerland. EM hirves@who.int FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, USA [OPP1084574]; WHO grant [2014/430731-0]; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, US [OPP1084288]; Sanofi Pasteur grant [GIBS-FLU37-EXT]; WHO grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, USA [OPP1084574]; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1084288]; [1U51GH001191-01] FX The work was supported by the following: WZ-Grant no. OPP1084574 to the World Health Organization, Geneva from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, USA; JP-Two grants to Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (WHO grant 2014/430731-0 and an unrestricted Sanofi Pasteur grant GIBS-FLU37-EXT); NB-Grant OPP1084288 to the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health, Seattle, US from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, US; and EAB-grant 1U51GH001191-01 to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta.; This review was funded through a WHO grant no.OPP1084574 from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, USA. The NIVEL site analysis was supported by two grants (WHO grant 2014/430731-0 and an unrestricted Sanofi Pasteur grant GIBS-FLU37-EXT). The PATH site analysis was financially supported by grant OPP1084288 from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The CDC site analysis was supported by a grant 1U51GH001191-01 from 2015. The authors would like to acknowledge Lizette Durand (CDC), Francois Seville (NIVEL), Kathy Neuzil, Jessica Fleming (PATH), Loes Soetens, Paulina Sosa and Nesreen Gusbi (WHO) for supporting this work. We acknowledge the expert opinions of country influenza surveillance experts that helped us to resolve discordant seasonality findings. Most of all, we thank the WHO Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System, all the national influenza centres and the national surveillance systems for sharing the surveillance data. Lastly, we thank colleagues in the WHO regional offices and the WHO Global Influenza Program for their support to the collaborative effort. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of their institutes. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 27 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 4 AR e0153003 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0153003 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DK5QZ UT WOS:000374976200015 PM 27119988 ER PT J AU Doblecki-Lewis, S Chang, A Jiddou-Yaldoo, R Tomashek, KM Stanek, D Anil, L Lichtenberger, P AF Doblecki-Lewis, Susanne Chang, Aileen Jiddou-Yaldoo, Renee Tomashek, Kay M. Stanek, Danielle Anil, Leena Lichtenberger, Paola TI Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Florida physicians regarding dengue before and after an educational intervention SO BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE Dengue; Clinical practice; Physician training; Evaluation; Survey ID GLOBAL HEALTH; CASE-MANAGEMENT; PROGRAM; DISEASE AB Background: Failure to recognize and appropriately manage dengue early in the clinical course may result in late initiation of supportive treatment for severe disease. In Florida, travel-related and autochthonous dengue occur and are likely under-recognized. The objective of this study was to evaluate physician knowledge of dengue and its management before and after an educational intervention in Florida. Methods: From 2012-13 we conducted 14 grand-rounds style lectures on dengue clinical management attended by 413 physicians, and analyzed data from the pre- and post-tests. Results: Of those attending, 231 and 220 completed the pre- and post-tests, respectively. Overall, the mean pre-test score for knowledge-based questions was 74.3 and average post-test score was 94.2 %, indicating a mean increase of 19.9 % ( P < 0.0001, 95 % CI 17.7-22.4). Reported confidence in dengue recognition and management also increased. Non-US trained physicians and those who had treated more than ten dengue cases performed significantly better in the pre-test. Post-test scores did not differ by subgroup. Conclusions: The train-the-trainer approach with grand-rounds style presentations appear to be an effective intervention to improve knowledge of dengue among physicians. C1 [Doblecki-Lewis, Susanne] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 1120 NW 14th St,850 R-21, Miami, FL 33155 USA. [Chang, Aileen] George Washington Univ, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Div Gen Internal Med, 2150 Penn Ave NW Room 5-419, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Jiddou-Yaldoo, Renee] Oakland Univ, William Beaumont Sch Med, Beaumont Hlth Grosse Pointe, Div Infect Dis,Dept Med, 468 Cadieux Rd, Grosse Pointe, MI 48230 USA. [Tomashek, Kay M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stanek, Danielle] Florida Dept Hlth, Div Dis Control & Hlth Protect, Zoonot & Vectorborne Dis, 4052 Bald Cypress Way,Bin A12, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. [Anil, Leena] West Virginia Dept Hlth & Human Resources, Bur Publ Hlth, Div Infect Dis Epidemiol, 350 Capitol St Rm 125, Charleston, WV 25301 USA. [Lichtenberger, Paola] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 1120 NW 14th St,864 R-21, Miami, FL 33155 USA. RP Doblecki-Lewis, S (reprint author), Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 1120 NW 14th St,850 R-21, Miami, FL 33155 USA. EM sdoblecki@med.miami.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1472-6920 J9 BMC MED EDUC JI BMC Med. Educ. PD APR 26 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 124 DI 10.1186/s12909-016-0647-8 PG 6 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Education & Educational Research GA DK2KW UT WOS:000374744400001 PM 27112138 ER PT J AU Lantos, PM Auwaerter, PG Nelson, CA AF Lantos, Paul M. Auwaerter, Paul G. Nelson, Christina A. TI Lyme Disease Serology SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID LABORATORIES C1 [Lantos, Paul M.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Durham, NC USA. [Lantos, Paul M.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Durham, NC USA. [Auwaerter, Paul G.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Sherrilyn & Ken Fisher Ctr Environm Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD USA. [Nelson, Christina A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd,Mail Stop P-02, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Nelson, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd,Mail Stop P-02, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM wje1@cdc.gov FU NCATS NIH HHS [KL2 TR001115] NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 26 PY 2016 VL 315 IS 16 BP 1780 EP 1781 DI 10.1001/jama.2016.4882 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DK2QK UT WOS:000374759300025 PM 27115380 ER PT J AU Bartsch, SM Lopman, BA Ozawa, S Hall, AJ Lee, BY AF Bartsch, Sarah M. Lopman, Benjamin A. Ozawa, Sachiko Hall, Aron J. Lee, Bruce Y. TI Global Economic Burden of Norovirus Gastroenteritis SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESS; SEEKING BEHAVIOR; UNITED-STATES; DIARRHEAL DURATION; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; DISEASE BURDEN; US ADULTS; CHILDREN; COMMUNITY; OUTBREAKS AB Background Despite accounting for approximately one fifth of all acute gastroenteritis illnesses, norovirus has received comparatively less attention than other infectious pathogens. With several candidate vaccines under development, characterizing the global economic burden of norovirus could help funders, policy makers, public health officials, and product developers determine how much attention and resources to allocate to advancing these technologies to prevent and control norovirus. Methods We developed a computational simulation model to estimate the economic burden of norovirus in every country/area (233 total) stratified by WHO region and globally, from the health system and societal perspectives. We considered direct costs of illness (e.g., clinic visits and hospitalization) and productivity losses. Results Globally, norovirus resulted in a total of $4.2 billion (95% UI: $3.2-5.7 billion) in direct health system costs and $60.3 billion (95% UI: $44.4-83.4 billion) in societal costs per year. Disease amongst children < 5 years cost society $39.8 billion, compared to $20.4 billion for all other age groups combined. Costs per norovirus illness varied by both region and age and was highest among adults >= 55 years. Productivity losses represented 84-99% of total costs varying by region. While low and middle income countries and high income countries had similar disease incidence (10,148 vs. 9,935 illness per 100,000 persons), high income countries generated 62% of global health system costs. In sensitivity analysis, the probability of hospitalization had the largest impact on health system cost estimates ($2.8 billion globally, assuming no hospitalization costs), while the probability of missing productive days had the largest impact on societal cost estimates ($35.9 billion globally, with a 25% probability of missing productive days). Conclusions The total economic burden is greatest in young children but the highest cost per illness is among older age groups in some regions. These large costs overwhelmingly are from productivity losses resulting from acute illness. Low, middle, and high income countries all have a considerable economic burden, suggesting that norovirus gastroenteritis is a truly global economic problem. Our findings can help identify which age group(s) and/or geographic regions may benefit the most from interventions. C1 [Bartsch, Sarah M.; Lee, Bruce Y.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Publ Hlth Computat & Operat Res, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lopman, Benjamin A.; Hall, Aron J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ozawa, Sachiko] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Lee, BY (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Publ Hlth Computat & Operat Res, Baltimore, MD USA. EM brucelee@jhu.edu RI Ozawa, Sachiko/D-4399-2014 OI Ozawa, Sachiko/0000-0001-7608-9038 FU Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) [R01HS023317]; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research (OBSSR); Global Obesity Prevention Center (GOPC) [U54HD070725] FX This work was supported by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) via grant R01HS023317, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research (OBSSR) and the Global Obesity Prevention Center (GOPC) via grant U54HD070725. The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. NR 59 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 26 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 4 AR e0151219 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0151219 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DK5QB UT WOS:000374973600010 PM 27115736 ER PT J AU Grytdal, SP DeBess, E Lee, LE Blythe, D Ryan, P Biggs, C Cameron, M Schmidt, M Parashar, UD Hall, AJ AF Grytdal, Scott P. DeBess, Emilio Lee, Lore E. Blythe, David Ryan, Patricia Biggs, Christianne Cameron, Miriam Schmidt, Mark Parashar, Umesh D. Hall, Aron J. TI Incidence of Norovirus and Other Viral Pathogens That Cause Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE) among Kaiser Permanente Member Populations in the United States, 2012-2013 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS INTESTINAL DISEASE; FOODBORNE ILLNESS; UNSPECIFIED AGENTS; ROTAVIRUS; BURDEN; COMMUNITY; OUTBREAKS; CHILDREN AB Noroviruses and other viral pathogens are increasingly recognized as frequent causes of acute gastroenteritis (AGE). However, few laboratory-based data are available on the incidence of AGE caused by viral pathogens in the U.S. This study examined stool specimens submitted for routine clinical diagnostics from patients enrolled in Kaiser Permanente (KP) health plans in metro Portland, OR, and the Maryland, District of Columbia, and northern Virginia geographic areas to estimate the incidence of viral enteropathogens in these populations. Over a one-year study period, participating laboratories randomly selected stools submitted for routine clinical diagnostics for inclusion in the study along with accompanying demographic and clinical data. Selected stools were tested for norovirus, rotavirus, sapovirus, and astrovirus using standardized real-time RT-PCR protocols. Each KP site provided administrative data which were used in conjunction with previously published data on healthcare utilization to extrapolate pathogen detection rates into population-based incidence rates. A total of 1,099 specimens collected during August 2012 to September 2013 were included. Mean age of patients providing stool specimens was 46 years (range: 0-98 years). Noroviruses were the most common viral pathogen identified among patients with AGE (n = 63 specimens, 6% of specimens tested). In addition, 22 (2%) of specimens were positive for rotavirus; 19 (2%) were positive for sapovirus; and 7 (1%) were positive for astrovirus. Incidence of norovirus-associated outpatient visits was 5.6 per 1,000 person-years; incidence of norovirus disease in the community was estimated to be 69.5 per 1,000 person-years. Norovirus incidence was highest among children < 5 years of age (outpatient incidence = 25.6 per 1,000 person-years; community incidence = 152.2 per 1,000 personyears), followed by older adults aged > 65 years (outpatient incidence = 7.8 per 1,000 person-years; community incidence = 75.8 per 1,000 person-years). Outpatient incidence rates of rotavirus, sapovirus, and astrovirus were 2.0, 1.6, 0.6 per 1,000 person-years, respectively; community incidence rates for these viruses were 23.4, 22.5, and 8.5 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. This study provides the first age-group specific laboratory-based community and outpatient incidence rates for norovirus AGE in the U.S. Norovirus was the most frequently detected viral enteropathogen across the age spectrum with the highest rates of norovirus disease observed among young children and, to a lesser extent, the elderly. These data provide a better understanding of the norovirus disease burden in the United States, including variations within different age groups, which can help inform the development, targeting, and future impacts of interventions, including vaccines. C1 [Grytdal, Scott P.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Hall, Aron J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [DeBess, Emilio; Lee, Lore E.] Oregon Hlth Author, Publ Hlth Div, Dept Human Serv, Portland, OR USA. [Blythe, David; Ryan, Patricia; Biggs, Christianne] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Off Infect Dis & Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Cameron, Miriam] Kaiser Permanente Mid Atlantic States, Rockville, MD USA. [Schmidt, Mark] Kaiser Permanente Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. RP Grytdal, SP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM spgrytdal@cdc.gov FU National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, [2011-68003-30395] FX This study was supported in part by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under award number 2011-68003-30395. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 26 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 4 AR e0148395 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0148395 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DK5QB UT WOS:000374973600008 PM 27115485 ER PT J AU Rha, B Lopman, BA Alcala, AN Riddle, MS Porter, CK AF Rha, Brian Lopman, Benjamin A. Alcala, Ashley N. Riddle, Mark S. Porter, Chad K. TI Incidence of Norovirus-Associated Medical Encounters among Active Duty United States Military Personnel and Their Dependents SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS INTESTINAL DISEASE; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; ENGLAND; BURDEN; ADULTS; WALES; SURVEILLANCE; COMMUNITY; OUTBREAKS; ILLNESS AB Background Norovirus is a leading cause of gastroenteritis episodes and outbreaks in US military deployments, but estimates of endemic disease burden among military personnel in garrison are lacking. Methods Diagnostic codes from gastroenteritis-associated medical encounters of active duty military personnel and their beneficiaries from July 1998-June 2011 were obtained from the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center. Using time-series regression models, cause-unspecified encounters were modeled as a function of encounters for specific enteropathogens. Model residuals (representing unexplained encounters) were used to estimate norovirus-attributable medical encounters. Incidence rates were calculated using population data for both active duty and beneficiary populations. Results The estimated annual mean rate of norovirus-associated medically-attended visits among active duty personnel and their beneficiaries was 292 (95% CI: 258 to 326) and 93 (95% CI: 80 to 105) encounters per 10,000 persons, respectively. Rates were highest among beneficiaries < 5 years of age with a median annual rate of 435 (range: 318 to 646) encounters per 10,000 children. Norovirus was estimated to cause 31% and 27% of all-cause gastroenteritis encounters in the active duty and beneficiary populations, respectively, with over 60% occurring between November and April. There was no evidence of any lag effect where norovirus disease occurred in one population before the other, or in one beneficiary age group before the others. Conclusions Norovirus is a major cause of medically-attended gastroenteritis among non-deployed US military active duty members as well as in their beneficiaries. C1 [Rha, Brian; Lopman, Benjamin A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rha, Brian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Alcala, Ashley N.; Riddle, Mark S.; Porter, Chad K.] Naval Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Rha, B; Lopman, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.; Rha, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. EM wif8@cdc.gov; blopman@cdc.gov FU Military Infectious Disease Research Program FX This work was supported/funded by the Military Infectious Disease Research Program, but without specific funding for this project. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 26 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 4 AR e0148505 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0148505 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DK5QB UT WOS:000374973600009 PM 27115602 ER PT J AU Shioda, K Cosmas, L Audi, A Gregoricus, N Vinje, J Parashar, UD Montgomery, JM Feikin, DR Breiman, RF Hall, AJ AF Shioda, Kayoko Cosmas, Leonard Audi, Allan Gregoricus, Nicole Vinje, Jan Parashar, Umesh D. Montgomery, Joel M. Feikin, Daniel R. Breiman, Robert F. Hall, Aron J. TI Population-Based Incidence Rates of Diarrheal Disease Associated with Norovirus, Sapovirus, and Astrovirus in Kenya SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS INTESTINAL DISEASE; HOSPITAL-BASED SURVEILLANCE; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; HUMAN ROTAVIRUS VACCINE; UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-CHILDREN; GASTROENTERITIS; BURDEN; COMMUNITY; ASSAY AB Background Diarrheal diseases remain a major cause of mortality in Africa and worldwide. While the burden of rotavirus is well described, population-based rates of disease caused by norovirus, sapovirus, and astrovirus are lacking, particularly in developing countries. Methods Data on diarrhea cases were collected through a population-based surveillance platform including healthcare encounters and household visits in Kenya. We analyzed data from June 2007 to October 2008 in Lwak, a rural site in western Kenya, and from October 2006 to February 2009 in Kibera, an urban slum. Stool specimens from diarrhea cases of all ages who visited study clinics were tested for norovirus, sapovirus, and astrovirus by RT-PCR. Results Of 334 stool specimens from Lwak and 524 from Kibera, 85 (25%) and 159 (30%) were positive for norovirus, 13 (4%) and 31 (6%) for sapovirus, and 28 (8%) and 18 (3%) for astrovirus, respectively. Among norovirus-positive specimens, genogroup II predominated in both sites, detected in 74 (87%) in Lwak and 140 (88%) in Kibera. The adjusted community incidence per 100,000 person-years was the highest for norovirus (Lwak: 9,635; Kibera: 4,116), followed by astrovirus (Lwak: 3,051; Kibera: 440) and sapovirus (Lwak: 1,445; Kibera: 879). For all viruses, the adjusted incidence was higher among children aged <5 years (norovirus: 22,225 in Lwak and 17,511 in Kibera; sapovirus: 5,556 in Lwak and 4,378 in Kibera; astrovirus: 11,113 in Lwak and 2,814 in Kibera) compared to cases aged >= 5 years. Conclusion Although limited by a lack of controls, this is the first study to estimate the outpatient and community incidence rates of norovirus, sapovirus, and astrovirus across the age spectrum in Kenya, suggesting a substantial disease burden imposed by these viruses. By applying adjusted rates, we estimate approximately 2.8-3.3 million, 0.45-0.54 million, and 0.77-0.95 million people become ill with norovirus, sapovirus, and astrovirus, respectively, every year in Kenya. C1 [Shioda, Kayoko; Gregoricus, Nicole; Vinje, Jan; Parashar, Umesh D.; Feikin, Daniel R.; Hall, Aron J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shioda, Kayoko] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Cosmas, Leonard; Montgomery, Joel M.; Feikin, Daniel R.; Breiman, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Ctr Global Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. [Audi, Allan] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Nairobi, Kenya. [Breiman, Robert F.] Emory Univ, Emory Global Hlth Inst, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Shioda, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.; Shioda, K (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM yji4@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 26 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 4 AR e0145943 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0145943 PG 20 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DK5QB UT WOS:000374973600004 PM 27116458 ER PT J AU Gurvitz, M Burns, KM Brindis, R Broberg, CS Daniels, CJ Fuller, SMPN Honein, MA Khairy, P Kuehl, KS Landzberg, MJ Mahle, WT Mann, DL Marelli, A Newburger, JW Pearson, GD Starling, RC Tringali, GR Valente, AM Wu, JC Califf, RM AF Gurvitz, Michelle Burns, Kristin M. Brindis, Ralph Broberg, Craig S. Daniels, Curt J. Fuller, Stephanie M. P. N. Honein, Margaret A. Khairy, Paul Kuehl, Karen S. Landzberg, Michael J. Mahle, William T. Mann, Douglas L. Marelli, Ariane Newburger, Jane W. Pearson, Gail D. Starling, Randall C. Tringali, Glenn R. Valente, Anne Marie Wu, Joseph C. Califf, Robert M. TI Emerging Research Directions in Adult Congenital Heart Disease A Report From an NHLBI/ACHA Working Group SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE congenital; heart defects; outcomes; pregnancy; single ventricle; sudden cardiac death; tetralogy of Fallot ID 2009 CONSENSUS CONFERENCE; SURGICALLY REPAIRED TETRALOGY; ARTERIAL SWITCH OPERATION; AORTIC COARCTATION REPAIR; ACCESS RESEARCH TRIAL; TERM-FOLLOW-UP; FONTAN PATIENTS; GENERAL-POPULATION; GREAT-ARTERIES; UNITED-STATES AB Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect, affecting about 0.8% of live births. Advances in recent decades have allowed > 85% of children with CHD to survive to adulthood, creating a growing population of adults with CHD. Little information exists regarding survival, demographics, late outcomes, and comorbidities in this emerging group, and multiple barriers impede research in adult CHD. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the Adult Congenital Heart Association convened a multidisciplinary working group to identify high-impact research questions in adult CHD. This report summarizes the meeting discussions in the broad areas of CHD-related heart failure, vascular disease, and multisystem complications. High-priority subtopics identified included heart failure in tetralogy of Fallot, mechanical circulatory support/transplantation, sudden cardiac death, vascular outcomes in coarctation of the aorta, late outcomes in single-ventricle disease, cognitive and psychiatric issues, and pregnancy. (C) 2016 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation. C1 [Gurvitz, Michelle; Landzberg, Michael J.; Valente, Anne Marie] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston Adult Congenital Heart & Pulm Hypertens Pr, Boston Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA USA. [Gurvitz, Michelle; Landzberg, Michael J.; Valente, Anne Marie] Brigham & Womens Hosp, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Burns, Kristin M.; Pearson, Gail D.] NHLBI, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Brindis, Ralph] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Broberg, Craig S.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Daniels, Curt J.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Fuller, Stephanie M. P. N.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Honein, Margaret A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Khairy, Paul] Univ Montreal, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Kuehl, Karen S.] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Mahle, William T.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mann, Douglas L.] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA. [Marelli, Ariane] McGill Univ, Ctr Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Newburger, Jane W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA USA. [Starling, Randall C.] Cleveland Clin, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Tringali, Glenn R.] Adult Congenital Heart Assoc, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Wu, Joseph C.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Califf, Robert M.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. RP Gurvitz, M (reprint author), Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Cardiol, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM Michelle.gurvitz@cardio.chboston.org FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; Adult Congenital Heart Association, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania FX This research was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, and the Adult Congenital Heart Association, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The views and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the National Institutes of Health or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose. Thomas Bashore, MD, served as Guest Editor for this paper. NR 66 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 EI 1558-3597 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD APR 26 PY 2016 VL 67 IS 16 BP 1956 EP 1964 DI 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.01.062 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA DK1EG UT WOS:000374654700012 PM 27102511 ER PT J AU Paczkowski, M Mwandama, D Marthey, D Luka, M Makuta, G Sande, J Ali, D Troell, P Mathanga, DP Gutman, J AF Paczkowski, Magdalena Mwandama, Dyson Marthey, Daniel Luka, Madalitso Makuta, Georgina Sande, John Ali, Doreen Troell, Peter Mathanga, Don P. Gutman, Julie TI In vivo efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Malawi, 2014 SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium falciparum; Malawi; Artemether-lumefantrine; Artesunate-amodiaquine ID ARTEMISININ-BASED COMBINATIONS; THERAPEUTIC-EFFICACY; CHILDREN; SAFETY; ARTEMETHER/LUMEFANTRINE; COARTEM(R); TRIAL AB Background: Malaria causes significant morbidity in Malawi, with an estimated 5 million cases in 2014. Artemether-lumefantrine (AL) and artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) are the first-and second-line treatments for uncomplicated malaria, respectively, but emerging resistance threatens their efficacy. In order to understand whether AL and ASAQ remain efficacious for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Malawi, a therapeutic efficacy trial was conducted. Methods: During March-July 2014, febrile children aged 6-59 months with microscopy-confirmed uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria (1000-200,000 parasites/mu L) were enrolled in a 28-day randomized in vivo efficacy trial at three sites: one each in northern (Karonga), central (Nkhotakota) and southern (Machinga) Malawi. The study was powered to estimate site-specific efficacy for AL and overall efficacy for ASAQ, with 3:1 randomization to AL or ASAQ. Blood was collected for malaria microscopy and molecular testing on days 0-3, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Recrudescence and reinfection were differentiated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) genotyping of merozoite surface protein. The primary outcome was the PCR-corrected day 28 Kaplan-Meier cumulative success rate. Results: A total of 452 children were enrolled; 303/338 (89 %) and 98/114 (86 %) reached a study endpoint in AL and ASAQ arms, respectively. All treatment failures occurred after day 3. The day 28 uncorrected cumulative success rate was 97.1 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 93.9-100 %) for ASAQ and 76.8 % (95 % CI 72.1-81.5 %) for AL, with 82.5 % (95 % CI 75.4-89.7 %), 69 % (95 % CI 59.9-78.1 %), and 78.2 % (95 % CI 70.2-86.3 %) success in the northern, central, and southern regions, respectively. The day 28 PCR-corrected cumulative success rate was 99 % (95 % CI 97.2-100 %) in the ASAQ arm and 99.3 % (95 % CI 98.3-100 %) in the AL arm, with 98-100 % efficacy in each site. Conclusions: As evidenced by the day 28 PCR-corrected cumulative success rates, both AL and ASAQ remain efficacious treatments for uncomplicated malaria in Malawi. The lower uncorrected efficacy in the AL arm compared to ASAQ may be explained by the shorter half-life of lumefantrine (3-6 days) compared to amodiaquine (9-18 days). The high reinfection rate suggests that there is a continued need to scale-up effective malaria prevention interventions. C1 [Paczkowski, Magdalena; Gutman, Julie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A06, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Mwandama, Dyson; Luka, Madalitso; Makuta, Georgina; Mathanga, Don P.] Univ Malawi, Malaria Alert Ctr, Coll Med, Blantyre, Malawi. [Marthey, Daniel] US Peace Corps, Washington, DC USA. [Ali, Doreen] Minist Hlth, Natl Malaria Control Programme, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Troell, Peter] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Presidents Malaria Initiat, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Lilongwe, Malawi. RP Paczkowski, M; Gutman, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A06, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM MPaczkowski@cdc.gov FU US President's Malaria Initiative, US Agency for International Development [5 U01 CI000189] FX The authors wish to thank all the staff at the Karonga, Machinga, and Nkhotakhota District Hospitals, as well as the community members who participated in or otherwise contributed to these studies. In addition, the authors also thank Karl Seydel, the Molecular Core, the Department of Biochemistry and the College of Medicine, Malawi, for assistance with molecular testing. Lastly, the authors thank Alexandre Macedo de Oliveira and Kathrine Tan for their review of the manuscript. This work was supported by the US President's Malaria Initiative, US Agency for International Development, under the terms of an Interagency Agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and through a Cooperative Agreement (Number 5 U01 CI000189) between the CDC and the Malaria Alert Centre, College of Medicine. The sponsor of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. The corresponding author had full access to all of the data the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD APR 26 PY 2016 VL 15 AR 236 DI 10.1186/s12936-016-1281-y PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DK0YH UT WOS:000374638100001 PM 27113085 ER PT J AU Gardner, LI Marks, G Shahani, L Giordano, TP Wilson, TE Drainoni, ML Keruly, JC Batey, DS Metsch, LR AF Gardner, Lytt I. Marks, Gary Shahani, Lokesh Giordano, Thomas P. Wilson, Tracey E. Drainoni, Mari-Lynn Keruly, Jeanne C. Batey, David Scott Metsch, Lisa R. TI Assessing efficacy of a retention-in-care intervention among HIV patients with depression, anxiety, heavy alcohol consumption and illicit drug use SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE drug abuse; alcohol; behavioral intervention trial; retention-in-care intervention; depression and anxiety in HIV patients ID METHADONE-MAINTENANCE THERAPY; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; INFECTED PATIENTS; UNITED-STATES; TREATMENT OUTCOMES; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; PROBLEM DRINKING; SCREENING-TEST; AUDIT-C; ADHERENCE AB Objective: We evaluated whether heavy alcohol use, illicit drug use or high levels of anxiety, and depression symptoms were modifiers of the retention through enhanced personal contact intervention. The intervention had previously demonstrated overall efficacy in the parent study. Design: Randomized trial. Methods: A total of 1838 patients from six US HIV clinics were enrolled into a randomized trial in which intervention patients received an 'enhanced contact' protocol for 12 months. All participants completed an audio computer-assisted self-interview that measured depression and anxiety symptoms from the Brief Symptom Inventory, alcohol use from the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption instrument, and drug use from the WHO (Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test) questions. The 12-month binary outcome was completing an HIV primary care visit in three consecutive 4-month intervals. The outcome was compared between intervention and standard of care patients within subgroups on the effect modifier variables using log-binomial regression models. Results: Persons with high levels of anxiety or depression symptoms and those reporting illicit drug use, or heavy alcohol consumption had no response to the intervention. Patients without these 'higher risk' characteristics responded significantly to the intervention. Further analysis revealed higher risk patients were less likely to have successfully received the telephone contact component of the intervention. Among higher risk patients who did successfully receive this component, the intervention effect was significant. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that clinic-based retention-in-care interventions are able to have significant effects on HIV patients with common behavioral health issues, but the design of those interventions should assure successful delivery of intervention components to increase effectiveness. C1 [Gardner, Lytt I.; Marks, Gary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Mailstop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shahani, Lokesh] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Ctr Innovat Qual Effect & Safety, Michael E DeBakey VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Shahani, Lokesh] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Houston, TX USA. [Giordano, Thomas P.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Giordano, Thomas P.] Michael E DeBakey VA Med Ctr, Ctr Innovat Qual Effect & Safety, Thomas St Hlth Ctr & Harris Hlth Syst, HIV Serv, Houston, TX USA. [Wilson, Tracey E.] Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. [Drainoni, Mari-Lynn] Boston Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Ctr Healthcare Org & Implementat Res, Edith Nourse Rogers Mem VA Hosp,Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Drainoni, Mari-Lynn] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Keruly, Jeanne C.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Batey, David Scott] Univ Alabama Birmingham, RISC, Birmingham, AL USA. [Metsch, Lisa R.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Sociomed Sci, New York, NY USA. RP Gardner, LI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Mailstop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lig0@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Health Services and Resources Administration through CDC [200-2007-23685, 200-2007-23690, 200-2007-23689, 200-2007-23687, 200-2007-23684, 200-2007-23692] FX This work received financial support from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Health Services and Resources Administration through CDC contracts: 200-2007-23685, 200-2007-23690, 200-2007-23689, 200-2007-23687, 200-2007-23684, and 200-2007-23692. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD APR 24 PY 2016 VL 30 IS 7 BP 1111 EP 1119 DI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001019 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DI1BD UT WOS:000373230100001 PM 26760454 ER PT J AU Hemingway, J Ranson, H Magill, A Kolaczinski, J Fornadel, C Gimnig, J Coetzee, M Simard, F Roch, DK Hinzoumbe, CK Pickett, J Schellenberg, D Gething, P Hoppe, M Hamon, N AF Hemingway, Janet Ranson, Hilary Magill, Alan Kolaczinski, Jan Fornadel, Christen Gimnig, John Coetzee, Maureen Simard, Frederic Roch, Dabire K. Hinzoumbe, Clement Kerah Pickett, John Schellenberg, David Gething, Peter Hoppe, Mark Hamon, Nicholas TI Averting a malaria disaster: will insecticide resistance derail malaria control? SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; PYRETHROID RESISTANCE; COTE-DIVOIRE; MOSQUITOS; EFFICACY AB World Malaria Day 2015 highlighted the progress made in the development of new methods of prevention (vaccines and insecticides) and treatment (single dose drugs) of the disease. However, increasing drug and insecticide resistance threatens the successes made with existing methods. Insecticide resistance has decreased the efficacy of the most commonly used insecticide class of pyrethroids. This decreased efficacy has increased mosquito survival, which is a prelude to rising incidence of malaria and fatalities. Despite intensive research efforts, new insecticides will not reach the market for at least 5 years. Elimination of malaria is not possible without effective mosquito control. Therefore, to combat the threat of resistance, key stakeholders need to rapidly embrace a multifaceted approach including a reduction in the cost of bringing new resistance management methods to market and the streamlining of associated development, policy, and implementation pathways to counter this looming public health catastrophe. C1 [Hemingway, Janet; Ranson, Hilary] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Magill, Alan] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. [Kolaczinski, Jan] Global Fund Fight AIDS TB & Malaria, Geneva, Switzerland. [Fornadel, Christen] US Agcy Int Dev, Presidents Malaria Initiat, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Gimnig, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Coetzee, Maureen] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Wits Res Inst Malaria, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Simard, Frederic] Univ Montpellier, Inst Rech Dev, MIVEGEC, F-34059 Montpellier, France. [Roch, Dabire K.] Ctr Muraz, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. [Hinzoumbe, Clement Kerah] Natl Malaria Control Program, Ndjamena, Chad. [Pickett, John] Rothamsted Res, Harpenden, Herts, England. [Schellenberg, David] Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. [Gething, Peter] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. [Hoppe, Mark] Crop Life Int AISBL, Insecticide Resistance Act Comm, Brussels, Belgium. [Hamon, Nicholas] Innovat Vector Control Consortium, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. RP Hemingway, J (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. EM Janet.Hemingway@lstmed.ac.uk RI SIMARD, Frederic/J-9489-2016; OI SIMARD, Frederic/0000-0002-2871-5329; Ranson, Hilary/0000-0003-2332-8247; Gething, Peter/0000-0001-6759-5449 NR 19 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 11 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD APR 23 PY 2016 VL 387 IS 10029 BP 1785 EP 1788 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00417-1 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DJ9OD UT WOS:000374541900031 PM 26880124 ER PT J AU Masterson, EA Bushnell, PT Themann, CL Morata, TC AF Masterson, Elizabeth A. Bushnell, P. Timothy Themann, Christa L. Morata, Thais C. TI Hearing Impairment Among Noise-Exposed Workers - United States, 2003-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL BURDEN; US WORKERS; PREVALENCE C1 [Masterson, Elizabeth A.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, CDC, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Bushnell, P. Timothy] NIOSH, Off Director, CDC, Washington, DC USA. [Themann, Christa L.; Morata, Thais C.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, CDC, Washington, DC USA. RP Masterson, EA (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, CDC, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM emasterson@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 22 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 15 BP 389 EP 394 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK0WT UT WOS:000374633600002 PM 27101435 ER PT J AU Dasgupta, S Reagan-Steiner, S Goodenough, D Russell, K Tanner, M Lewis, L Petersen, EE Powers, AM Kniss, K Meaney-Delman, D Oduyebo, T O'Leary, D Chiu, S Talley, P Hennessey, M Hills, S Cohn, A Gregory, C AF Dasgupta, Sharoda Reagan-Steiner, Sarah Goodenough, Dana Russell, Kate Tanner, Mary Lewis, Lillianne Petersen, Emily E. Powers, Ann M. Kniss, Krista Meaney-Delman, Dana Oduyebo, Titilope O'Leary, Dan Chiu, Sophia Talley, Pamela Hennessey, Morgan Hills, Susan Cohn, Amanda Gregory, Christopher CA Zika Virus Response Epidemiology L TI Patterns in Zika Virus Testing and Infection, by Report of Symptoms and Pregnancy Status - United States, January 3-March 5, 2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID REPRODUCTIVE AGE; EXPOSURE; WOMEN; BRAIN C1 [Dasgupta, Sharoda; Russell, Kate; Tanner, Mary; Lewis, Lillianne; Oduyebo, Titilope; Chiu, Sophia; Talley, Pamela; Hennessey, Morgan] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dasgupta, Sharoda; Tanner, Mary] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reagan-Steiner, Sarah] CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Goodenough, Dana] CDC, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Russell, Kate; Kniss, Krista] CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lewis, Lillianne] CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Petersen, Emily E.; Oduyebo, Titilope] CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Powers, Ann M.; Hennessey, Morgan; Hills, Susan] CDC, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Meaney-Delman, Dana] CDC, Off Director, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [O'Leary, Dan] CDC, Div State & Local Readiness, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chiu, Sophia] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Washington, DC USA. [Talley, Pamela] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. [Cohn, Amanda] CDC, Off Director, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gregory, Christopher] CDC, Div Global Hlth Protect, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Reagan-Steiner, S (reprint author), CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sor1@cdc.gov OI Russell, Kate/0000-0001-9343-3355 NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 12 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 22 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 15 BP 395 EP 399 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK0WT UT WOS:000374633600003 PM 27101541 ER PT J AU Hawley, B Casey, ML Cox-Ganser, JM Edwards, N Fedan, KB Cummings, KJ AF Hawley, Brie Casey, Megan L. Cox-Ganser, Jean M. Edwards, Nicole Fedan, Kathleen B. Cummings, Kristin J. TI Respiratory Symptoms and Skin Irritation Among Hospital Workers Using a New Disinfection Product - Pennsylvania, 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Hawley, Brie; Casey, Megan L.; Cox-Ganser, Jean M.; Edwards, Nicole; Fedan, Kathleen B.; Cummings, Kristin J.] NIOSH, Resp Hlth Div, CDC, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Hawley, B (reprint author), NIOSH, Resp Hlth Div, CDC, Morgantown, WV USA. EM ygd2@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 22 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 15 BP 400 EP 401 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK0WT UT WOS:000374633600004 PM 27100053 ER PT J AU Levine, R Ghiselli, M Conteh, A Turay, B Kemoh, A Sesay, F Kamara, A Gaeta, A Davis, C Hersey, S AF Levine, Rebecca Ghiselli, Margherita Conteh, Agnes Turay, Bobson Kemoh, Andrew Sesay, Foday Kamara, Alfred Gaeta, Aldo Davis, Clinton Hersey, Sara TI Development of a Contact Tracing System for Ebola Virus Disease - Kambia District, Sierra Leone, January-February 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Levine, Rebecca] CDC, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ghiselli, Margherita] WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. [Conteh, Agnes; Turay, Bobson] Marie Stopes Int, Freetown, Sierra Leone. [Kemoh, Andrew] United Nations Populat Fund, Freetown, Sierra Leone. [Sesay, Foday; Kamara, Alfred] Minist Hlth & Sanitat, Dist Hlth Management Team, Freetown, Sierra Leone. [Gaeta, Aldo] Stabilisat Unit, London, England. [Davis, Clinton] Royal Air Force, London, England. [Hersey, Sara] CDC, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Levine, R (reprint author), CDC, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rlevine@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 22 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 15 BP 402 EP 402 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK0WT UT WOS:000374633600005 PM 27100119 ER PT J AU Leecaster, M Toth, DJA Pettey, WBP Rainey, JJ Gao, HJ Uzicanin, A Samore, M AF Leecaster, Molly Toth, Damon J. A. Pettey, Warren B. P. Rainey, Jeanette J. Gao, Hongjiang Uzicanin, Amra Samore, Matthew TI Estimates of Social Contact in a Middle School Based on Self-Report and Wireless Sensor Data SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; MIXING PATTERNS; SPREAD; TRANSMISSION; INFLUENZA; NETWORKS; MODELS; CHALLENGES AB Estimates of contact among children, used for infectious disease transmission models and understanding social patterns, historically rely on self-report logs. Recently, wireless sensor technology has enabled objective measurement of proximal contact and comparison of data from the two methods. These are mostly small-scale studies, and knowledge gaps remain in understanding contact and mixing patterns and also in the advantages and disadvantages of data collection methods. We collected contact data from a middle school, with 7th and 8th grades, for one day using self-report contact logs and wireless sensors. The data were linked for students with unique initials, gender, and grade within the school. This paper presents the results of a comparison of two approaches to characterize school contact networks, wireless proximity sensors and self-report logs. Accounting for incomplete capture and lack of participation, we estimate that "sensor-detectable", proximal contacts longer than 20 seconds during lunch and class-time occurred at 2 fold higher frequency than "self-reportable" talk/touch contacts. Overall, 55% of estimated talk-touch contacts were also sensor-detectable whereas only 15% of estimated sensor-detectable contacts were also talk-touch. Contacts detected by sensors and also in self-report logs had longer mean duration than contacts detected only by sensors (6.3 vs 2.4 minutes). During both lunch and class-time, sensor-detectable contacts demonstrated substantially less gender and grade assortativity than talk-touch contacts. Hallway contacts, which were ascertainable only by proximity sensors, were characterized by extremely high degree and short duration. We conclude that the use of wireless sensors and self-report logs provide complementary insight on in-school mixing patterns and contact frequency. C1 [Leecaster, Molly; Toth, Damon J. A.; Pettey, Warren B. P.; Samore, Matthew] Univ Utah, Dept Internal Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Leecaster, Molly; Toth, Damon J. A.; Pettey, Warren B. P.; Samore, Matthew] Vet Affairs Salt Lake City Hlth Care Syst, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Toth, Damon J. A.] Univ Utah, Dept Math, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Rainey, Jeanette J.; Gao, Hongjiang; Uzicanin, Amra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. [Samore, Matthew] Univ Utah, Dept Biomed Informat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Leecaster, M (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Internal Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.; Leecaster, M (reprint author), Vet Affairs Salt Lake City Hlth Care Syst, Salt Lake City, UT USA. EM molly.leecaster@hsc.utah.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U01CK000177-01] FX This study was funded by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention cooperative agreement 1U01CK000177-01 to MS and ML. The authors, JR, HG, and AU, from the funding organization participated in study design and preparation of the manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this study are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 21 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 4 AR e0153690 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0153690 PG 21 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DK4OR UT WOS:000374898500050 PM 27100090 ER PT J AU Frieden, TR Houry, D AF Frieden, Thomas R. Houry, Debra TI Reducing the Risks of Relief - The CDC Opioid-Prescribing Guideline SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID PAIN C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.; Houry, Debra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 5 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD APR 21 PY 2016 VL 374 IS 16 BP 1501 EP 1504 DI 10.1056/NEJMp1515917 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DJ7IA UT WOS:000374383900001 PM 26977701 ER PT J AU Petersen, LR Jamieson, DJ Powers, AM Honein, MA AF Petersen, Lyle R. Jamieson, Denise J. Powers, Ann M. Honein, Margaret A. TI Zika Virus SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID CONGENITAL CYTOMEGALOVIRUS-INFECTION; BRAIN DISRUPTION SEQUENCE; TREATED HOUSE SCREENS; DENGUE VIRUSES; MATERNAL RUBELLA; AEDES-AEGYPTI; TRANSMISSION; INSECTICIDE; CHIKUNGUNYA; VECTOR AB IN 1947, A STUDY OF YELLOW FEVER YIELDED THE FIRST ISOLATION OF A NEW virus, from the blood of a sentinel rhesus macaque that had been placed in the Zika Forest of Uganda.(1) Zika virus remained in relative obscurity for nearly 70 years; then, within the span of just 1 year, Zika virus was introduced into Brazil from the Pacific Islands and spread rapidly throughout the Americas.(2) It became the first major infectious disease linked to human birth defects to be discovered in more than half a century and created such global alarm that the World Health Organization (WHO) would declare a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.(3) This review describes the current understanding of the epidemiology, transmission, clinical characteristics, and diagnosis of Zika virus infection, as well as the future outlook with regard to this disease. C1 [Petersen, Lyle R.; Powers, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Honein, Margaret A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Petersen, LR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM lxp2@cdc.gov NR 136 TC 135 Z9 138 U1 71 U2 119 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD APR 21 PY 2016 VL 374 IS 16 BP 1552 EP 1563 DI 10.1056/NEJMra1602113 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DJ7IA UT WOS:000374383900008 PM 27028561 ER PT J AU Kowalski, J Dwivedi, B Newman, S Switchenko, JM Pauly, R Gutman, DA Arora, J Gandhi, K Ainslie, K Doho, G Qin, ZH Moreno, CS Rossi, MR Vertino, PM Lonial, S Bernal-Mizrachi, L Boise, LH AF Kowalski, Jeanne Dwivedi, Bhakti Newman, Scott Switchenko, Jeffery M. Pauly, Rini Gutman, David A. Arora, Jyoti Gandhi, Khanjan Ainslie, Kylie Doho, Gregory Qin, Zhaohui Moreno, Carlos S. Rossi, Michael R. Vertino, Paula M. Lonial, Sagar Bernal-Mizrachi, Leon Boise, Lawrence H. TI Gene integrated set profile analysis: a context-based approach for inferring biological endpoints SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; MUTATIONS; PATHWAY; ABNORMALITIES; EXPRESSION; RNA; ESTABLISHMENT; MECHANISM; CANCERS; TP53 AB The identification of genes with specific patterns of change (e.g. down-regulated and methylated) as phenotype drivers or samples with similar profiles for a given gene set as drivers of clinical outcome, requires the integration of several genomic data types for which an 'integrate by intersection' (IBI) approach is often applied. In this approach, results from separate analyses of each data type are intersected, which has the limitation of a smaller intersection with more data types. We introduce a new method, GISPA (Gene Integrated Set Profile Analysis) for integrated genomic analysis and its variation, SISPA (Sample Integrated Set Profile Analysis) for defining respective genes and samples with the context of similar, a priori specified molecular profiles. With GISPA, the user defines a molecular profile that is compared among several classes and obtains ranked gene sets that satisfy the profile as drivers of each class. With SISPA, the user defines a gene set that satisfies a profile and obtains sample groups of profile activity. Our results from applying GISPA to human multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines contained genes of known profiles and importance, along with several novel targets, and their further SISPA application to MM coMMpass trial data showed clinical relevance. C1 [Kowalski, Jeanne; Switchenko, Jeffery M.; Pauly, Rini; Arora, Jyoti; Moreno, Carlos S.; Rossi, Michael R.; Vertino, Paula M.; Lonial, Sagar; Bernal-Mizrachi, Leon; Boise, Lawrence H.] Emory Univ, Winship Canc Inst, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kowalski, Jeanne; Dwivedi, Bhakti; Newman, Scott; Switchenko, Jeffery M.; Ainslie, Kylie; Qin, Zhaohui] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gutman, David A.; Qin, Zhaohui] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biomed Informat & Neurol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Gandhi, Khanjan] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Doho, Gregory] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Moreno, Carlos S.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Rossi, Michael R.; Vertino, Paula M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Lonial, Sagar; Bernal-Mizrachi, Leon; Boise, Lawrence H.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hematol & Med Oncol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Kowalski, J (reprint author), Emory Univ, Winship Canc Inst, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Kowalski, J (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Jeanne.kowalski@emory.edu RI Moreno, Carlos/B-3863-2009; OI Moreno, Carlos/0000-0002-5582-0028; Dwivedi, Bhakti/0000-0002-9029-3737 FU Leukemia and Lymphoma Society Translational Research Program Award; Georgia Research Alliance Scientist Award; Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University; Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource of Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University; NIH/NCI [P30CA138292] FX Leukemia and Lymphoma Society Translational Research Program Award (to J.K.); Georgia Research Alliance Scientist Award (J.K.); a Team Science Seed Funding from the Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University (L.H.B., S.L., M.R.R.); Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource of Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and NIH/NCI [Award number P30CA138292, in part]. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. Funding for open access charge: Georgia Research Alliance Scientist Award. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 EI 1362-4962 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD APR 20 PY 2016 VL 44 IS 7 AR e69 DI 10.1093/nar/gkv1503 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DL7DM UT WOS:000375800200009 PM 26826710 ER PT J AU Lozier, MJ Sircar, K Christensen, B Pillarisetti, A Pennise, D Bruce, N Stanistreet, D Naeher, L Pilishvili, T Farrar, JL Sage, M Nyagol, R Muoki, J Wofchuck, T Yip, F AF Lozier, Matthew J. Sircar, Kanta Christensen, Bryan Pillarisetti, Ajay Pennise, David Bruce, Nigel Stanistreet, Debbi Naeher, Luke Pilishvili, Tamara Farrar, Jennifer Loo Sage, Michael Nyagol, Ronald Muoki, Justus Wofchuck, Todd Yip, Fuyuen TI Use of Temperature Sensors to Determine Exclusivity of Improved Stove Use and Associated Household Air Pollution Reductions in Kenya SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPARATIVE RISK-ASSESSMENT; COOKSTOVE; INDIA AB Household air pollution (HAP) contributes to 3.5-4 million annual deaths globally. Recent interventions using improved cookstoves (ICS) to reduce HAP have incorporated temperature sensors as stove use monitors (SUMs) to assess stove use. We deployed SUMs in an effectiveness study of 6 ICSs in 45 Kenyan rural homes. Stove were installed sequentially for 2 weeks and kitchen air monitoring was conducted for 48 h during each 2-week period. We placed SUMs on the ICSs and traditional cookstoves (TCS), and the continuous temperature data were analyzed using an algorithm to examine the number of cooking events, days of exclusive use of ICS, and how stove use patterns affect HAP. Stacking, defined as using both a TCS and an ICS in the same day, occurred on 40% of the study days, and exclusive use of the ICS occurred on 25% of study days. When researchers were not present, ICS use declined, which can have implications for long-term stove adoption in these communities. Continued use of TCSs was also associated with higher HAP levels. SUMs are a valuable tool for characterizing stove use and provide additional information to interpret HAP levels measured during ICS intervention studies. C1 [Lozier, Matthew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Lozier, Matthew J.; Sircar, Kanta; Christensen, Bryan; Yip, Fuyuen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Pillarisetti, Ajay; Pennise, David; Muoki, Justus; Wofchuck, Todd] Berkeley Air Monitoring Grp, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. [Bruce, Nigel; Stanistreet, Debbi] Univ Liverpool, Hlth & Soc, Inst Psychol, Dept Publ Hlth & Policy, Liverpool L3 5DA, Merseyside, England. [Naeher, Luke] Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Coll Publ Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Pilishvili, Tamara; Farrar, Jennifer Loo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Sage, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nyagol, Ronald] Safe Water & AIDS Project, Nyando Integrated Child Hlth & Educ Project, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Lozier, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.; Lozier, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM mlozier@cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); World Health Organization (WHO); Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves FX The study was funded by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), World Health Organization (WHO), and Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves. The authors would like to thank the following groups; Public Health Institute (PHI) for their partnership; the Safe Water Aids Project (SWAP) and Berkeley Air Monitoring Group for their tremendous efforts in data collection, data management, and field study management; and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for laboratory testing support. Preliminary descriptive data from this manuscript was presented at the 2014 International Society for Exposure Science conference. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD APR 19 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 8 BP 4564 EP 4571 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b06141 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DK1WZ UT WOS:000374707100047 PM 26953674 ER PT J AU Ditsungnoen, D Greenbaum, A Praphasiri, P Dawood, FS Thompson, MG Yoocharoen, P Lindblade, KA Olsen, SJ Muangchana, C AF Ditsungnoen, Darunee Greenbaum, Adena Praphasiri, Prabda Dawood, Fatimah S. Thompson, Mark G. Yoocharoen, Pornsak Lindblade, Kim A. Olsen, Sonja J. Muangchana, Charung TI Knowledge, attitudes and beliefs related to seasonal influenza vaccine among pregnant women in Thailand SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Seasonal influenza vaccine; Pregnant women; Thailand ID 2009 H1N1 INFLUENZA; IMMUNIZATION; ILLNESS; INFANTS AB Background: In 2009, Thailand recommended pregnant women be prioritized for influenza vaccination. Vaccine uptake among Thai pregnant women is lower than other high-risk groups. Methods: During December 2012-April 2013, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of a convenience sample of Thai pregnant women aged >= 15 years attending antenatal clinics at public hospitals in 8 of 77 provinces. A self-administered questionnaire covered knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs related to influenza vaccination using the Health Belief Model. We examined factors associated with willingness to be vaccinated using log-binomial regression models. Results: The survey was completed by 1031 (96%) of 1072 pregnant women approached. A total of 627 (61%) women had heard about influenza vaccine and were included in the analysis, of whom 262 (42%) were willing to be vaccinated, 155 (25%) had received a healthcare provider recommendation for influenza vaccination and 25 (4%) had received the influenza vaccine during the current pregnancy. In unadjusted models, high levels of perceptions of susceptibility (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.5, 95% CI 1.2-2.0), high levels of belief in the benefits of vaccination (PR 2.3, 95% CI 1.7-3.1), moderate (PR 1.7, 95% CI 1.2-2.3) and high (PR 3.4, 95% CI 2.6-4.5) levels of encouragement by others to be vaccinated (i.e., cues to action) were positively associated with willingness to be vaccinated. Moderate (PR 0.5, 95% CI 0.4-0.7) and high levels of (PR 0.5, 95% CI 0.4-0.8) perceived barriers were negatively associated with willingness to be vaccinated. In the final adjusted model, only moderate (PR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1-2.0) and high levels of cues, to action (PR 2.7, 95% CI 2.0-3.6) were statistically associated with willingness to be vaccinated. Conclusion: Cues to action were associated with willingness to be vaccinated and can be used to inform communication strategies during the vaccine campaign to increase influenza vaccination among Thai pregnant women. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ditsungnoen, Darunee; Praphasiri, Prabda; Lindblade, Kim A.] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth US Ctr Dis Control & Pr, Influenza Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Greenbaum, Adena; Dawood, Fatimah S.; Thompson, Mark G.; Lindblade, Kim A.; Olsen, Sonja J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Yoocharoen, Pornsak] Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Dis Control, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Muangchana, Charung] Minist Publ Hlth, Natl Vaccine Inst, Nonthaburi, Thailand. RP Muangchana, C (reprint author), Minist Publ Hlth, Natl Vaccine Inst, Nonthaburi, Thailand. EM charungm@hotmail.com FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5U2GGH000616-02] FX This survey was partially supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was awarded to the Ministry of Public Health, Thailand in cooperative agreement #5U2GGH000616-02. The authors would like to give special thanks to interview team of Dr. Kreingkrai Presert, Ms. Patcharaporn Somtone and Mr. Pisit Sereethampitak from Nakhon Phanom Public Health Office, Nakhon Phanom Province and Ms. Kesinee Meesab and Ms. Anyarat Thamjaroen from National Vaccine Institute, Ministry of Public Health and to the hospital directors. Additionally, we express our deepest gratitude to all of participant who provided important information. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 19 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 18 BP 2141 EP 2146 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.01.056 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DJ6ZU UT WOS:000374362500015 PM 26854910 ER PT J AU Gordon, PH Mehal, JM Rowland, AS Cheek, JE Bartholomew, ML AF Gordon, Paul H. Mehal, Jason M. Rowland, Andrew S. Cheek, James E. Bartholomew, Michael L. TI Huntington disease among the Navajo: A population-based study in the Navajo Nation SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID PREVALENCE AB Huntington disease (HD) has a protracted course that imparts substantial personal and economic burden.(1) Disease rates vary by geographic location. In Western countries, prevalence approximates 5.7/100,000; rates are tenfold lower in Asia.(2) Epidemiologic studies from the United States report on mostly white populations.(2) Few studies give rates of HD among minorities, and there are no comprehensive descriptions of HD in American Indians. Better understanding of how the disease affects discrete populations could produce hypotheses for new approaches to treatment. C1 [Gordon, Paul H.] US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Indian Hlth Serv, Northern Navajo Med Ctr, Shiprock, NM USA. [Bartholomew, Michael L.] Off Publ Hlth Support, Rockville, MD USA. [Mehal, Jason M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rowland, Andrew S.; Cheek, James E.] Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Gordon, PH (reprint author), US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Indian Hlth Serv, Northern Navajo Med Ctr, Shiprock, NM USA. EM paul.gordon@ihs.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0028-3878 EI 1526-632X J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD APR 19 PY 2016 VL 86 IS 16 BP 1552 EP 1553 DI 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002486 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA DK4KS UT WOS:000374887700017 PM 26896048 ER PT J AU Dowell, D Haegerich, TM Chou, R AF Dowell, Deborah Haegerich, Tamara M. Chou, Roger TI CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain-United States, 2016 SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; CHRONIC NONCANCER PAIN; NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; EVIDENCE BASED RECOMMENDATIONS; EULAR-STANDING-COMMITTEE; RISK-FACTORS; NEUROPATHIC PAIN; KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; TASK-FORCE; PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT AB IMPORTANCE Primary care clinicians find managing chronic pain challenging. Evidence of long-term efficacy of opioids for chronic pain is limited. Opioid use is associated with serious risks, including opioid use disorder and overdose. OBJECTIVE To provide recommendations about opioid prescribing for primary care clinicians treating adult patients with chronic pain outside of active cancer treatment, palliative care, and end-of-life care. PROCESS The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) updated a 2014 systematic review on effectiveness and risks of opioids and conducted a supplemental review on benefits and harms, values and preferences, and costs. CDC used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework to assess evidence type and determine the recommendation category. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Evidence consisted of observational studies or randomized clinical trials with notable limitations, characterized as low quality using GRADE methodology. Meta-analysis was not attempted due to the limited number of studies, variability in study designs and clinical heterogeneity, and methodological shortcomings of studies. No study evaluated long-term (>= 1 year) benefit of opioids for chronic pain. Opioids were associated with increased risks, including opioid use disorder, overdose, and death, with dose-dependent effects. RECOMMENDATIONS There are 12 recommendations. Of primary importance, nonopioid therapy is preferred for treatment of chronic pain. Opioids should be used only when benefits for pain and function are expected to outweigh risks. Before starting opioids, clinicians should establish treatment goals with patients and consider how opioids will be discontinued if benefits do not outweigh risks. When opioids are used, clinicians should prescribe the lowest effective dosage, carefully reassess benefits and risks when considering increasing dosage to 50 morphine milligram equivalents or more per day, and avoid concurrent opioids and benzodiazepines whenever possible. Clinicians should evaluate benefits and harms of continued opioid therapy with patients every 3 months or more frequently and review prescription drug monitoring program data, when available, for high-risk combinations or dosages. For patients with opioid use disorder, clinicians should offer or arrange evidence-based treatment, such as medication-assisted treatment with buprenorphine or methadone. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The guideline is intended to improve communication about benefits and risks of opioids for chronic pain, improve safety and effectiveness of pain treatment, and reduce risks associated with long-term opioid therapy. C1 [Dowell, Deborah; Haegerich, Tamara M.; Chou, Roger] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Dowell, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ddowell@cdc.gov FU CDC [15IPA-1505478, 200-2013-M-53890, 200-2015-F-62036]; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) [290-2012-00014-I] FX The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) supported the development of the guideline. Dr Chou's activities were supported through a short-term detail under contract at CDC (15IPA-1505478). The clinical evidence review was updated based on a previously published 2014 report funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) under contract to the Pacific Northwest Evidence-based Practice Center (contract 290-2012-00014-I). Abt Associates collected, managed, analyzed, and interpreted data in the contextual evidence review, funded through a contract (contract 200-2013-M-53890, task order 200-2015-F-62036) supported by CDC. NR 114 TC 106 Z9 107 U1 17 U2 39 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 19 PY 2016 VL 315 IS 15 BP 1624 EP 1645 DI 10.1001/jama.2016.1464 PG 22 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DJ5ZK UT WOS:000374289300022 PM 26977696 ER PT J AU Dellicour, S Hill, J Bruce, J Ouma, P Marwanga, D Otieno, P Desai, M Hamel, MJ Kariuki, S Webster, J AF Dellicour, Stephanie Hill, Jenny Bruce, Jane Ouma, Peter Marwanga, Doris Otieno, Peter Desai, Meghna Hamel, Mary J. Kariuki, Simon Webster, Jayne TI Effectiveness of the delivery of interventions to prevent malaria in pregnancy in Kenya SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Malaria in pregnancy; Antenatal care; Intermittent preventive treatment; Insecticide-treated nets; Systems effectiveness; Service delivery; Predictors; Kenya; Sub-Saharan Africa ID SYSTEMS AB Background: Coverage with malaria in pregnancy interventions remains unacceptably low. Implementation research is needed to identify and quantify the bottlenecks for the delivery and use of these life-saving interventions through antenatal clinics (ANC). Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in ANC across nine health facilities in western Kenya. Data were collected for an individual ANC visit through structured observations and exit interviews with the same ANC clients. The cumulative and intermediate systems effectiveness for the delivery of intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) and insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) to eligible pregnant women on this one specific visit to ANC were estimated. Results: Overall the ANC systems effectiveness for delivering malaria in pregnancy interventions was suboptimal. Only 40 and 53 % of eligible women received IPTp by directly observed therapy as per policy in hospitals and health centres/dispensaries respectively. The overall systems effectiveness for the receipt of IPTp disregarding directly observed therapy was 62 and 72 % for hospitals and lower level health facilities, respectively. The overall systems effectiveness for ITNs for first ANC visit was 63 and 67 % for hospitals and lower level facilities, respectively. Conclusion: This study found that delivery of IPTp and ITNs through ANC was ineffective and more so for higher-level facilities. This illustrates missed opportunities and provider level bottlenecks to the scale up and use of interventions to control malaria in pregnancy delivered through ANC. The high level of clustering within health facilities suggest that future studies should assess the feasibility of implementing interventions to improve systems effectiveness tailored to the health facility level. C1 [Dellicour, Stephanie; Hill, Jenny] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Dept Clin Sci, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Bruce, Jane; Webster, Jayne] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dis Control Dept, London WC1, England. [Ouma, Peter; Marwanga, Doris; Otieno, Peter; Kariuki, Simon] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Malaria Branch, Kisumu, Kenya. [Desai, Meghna; Hamel, Mary J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-12, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dellicour, S (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Dept Clin Sci, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. EM stephanie.dellicour@lstmed.ac.uk FU Malaria in Pregnancy (MiP) Consortium - Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation FX The work presented in this paper was performed under the KEMRI and CDC Collaboration in western Kenya. We would like to thank the study participants and the study team. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This paper is published with the permission of the Director, KEMRI. This work was supported by the Malaria in Pregnancy (MiP) Consortium, which is funded through a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, UK. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD APR 18 PY 2016 VL 15 AR 221 DI 10.1186/s12936-016-1261-2 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DJ9EY UT WOS:000374518000003 PM 27091142 ER PT J AU Feehan, DM Umubyeyi, A Mahy, M Hladik, W Salganik, MJ AF Feehan, Dennis M. Umubyeyi, Aline Mahy, Mary Hladik, Wolfgang Salganik, Matthew J. TI Quantity Versus Quality: A Survey Experiment to Improve the Network Scale-up Method SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; epidemiologic methods; HIV; network sampling; population size estimation; social networks; survey research ID SOCIAL NETWORKS; HEALTH SURVEYS; UNITED-STATES; SIZE; SEROPREVALENCE; POPULATION; BIAS AB The network scale-up method is a promising technique that uses sampled social network data to estimate the sizes of epidemiologically important hidden populations, such as sex workers and people who inject illicit drugs. Although previous scale-up research has focused exclusively on networks of acquaintances, we show that the type of personal network about which survey respondents are asked to report is a potentially crucial parameter that researchers are free to vary. This generalization leads to a method that is more flexible and potentially more accurate. In 2011, we conducted a large, nationally representative survey experiment in Rwanda that randomized respondents to report about one of 2 different personal networks. Our results showed that asking respondents for less information can, somewhat surprisingly, produce more accurate size estimates. We also estimated the sizes of 4 key populations at risk for human immunodeficiency virus infection in Rwanda. Our estimates were higher than earlier estimates from Rwanda but lower than international benchmarks. Finally, in this article we develop a new sensitivity analysis framework and use it to assess the possible biases in our estimates. Our design can be customized and extended for other settings, enabling researchers to continue to improve the network scale-up method. C1 [Feehan, Dennis M.; Salganik, Matthew J.] Princeton Univ, Off Populat Res, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Umubyeyi, Aline] Univ Rwanda, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Sch Publ Hlth, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Kigali, Rwanda. [Mahy, Mary] Joint United Nations Programme HIV AIDS, Strateg Informat & Evaluat Dept, Geneva, Switzerland. [Hladik, Wolfgang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV & TB, Atlanta, GA USA. [Salganik, Matthew J.] Princeton Univ, Dept Sociol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Feehan, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Demog, Coll Letters & Sci, 2232 Piedmont Ave, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM feehan@berkeley.edu FU Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS and ICF International (Calverton, Maryland) through the MEASURE Demographic and Health Surveys Program; US Agency for International Development (USAID); government of Japan; United Nations Joint Team on HIV of Kigali, Rwanda; USAID; US National Science Foundation [CNS-0905086]; US National Institutes of Health [R01-HD062366, R01-HD075666, R24-HD047879] FX The study "Estimating the Size of Populations through a Household Survey" (2011 ESPHS) (3) was conducted in Rwanda from June 2011 to August 2011 by the School of Public Health, University of Rwanda, in collaboration with the Rwanda Biomedical Center/Institute of HIV/AIDS, Disease Prevention and Control Department, with the assistance of the National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda. Technical assistance and funding for the project was provided by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS and ICF International (Calverton, Maryland) through the MEASURE Demographic and Health Surveys Program, a US Agency for International Development (USAID)-funded project providing support and technical assistance in the implementation of population and health surveys in countries worldwide. Additional assistance was provided by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Princeton University, and the University of Florida. The government of Japan, the United Nations Joint Team on HIV of Kigali, Rwanda, and USAID provided additional funding. The research was also supported by grants to M.J.S. from the US National Science Foundation (grant CNS-0905086) and the US National Institutes of Health (grants R01-HD062366, R01-HD075666, and R24-HD047879). NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 183 IS 8 BP 747 EP 757 DI 10.1093/aje/kwv287 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DJ8PT UT WOS:000374475100009 PM 27015875 ER PT J AU Ohmit, SE Petrie, JG Malosh, RE Johnson, E Truscon, R Aaron, B Martens, C Cheng, C Fry, AM Monto, AS AF Ohmit, Suzanne E. Petrie, Joshua G. Malosh, Ryan E. Johnson, Emileigh Truscon, Rachel Aaron, Barbara Martens, Casey Cheng, Caroline Fry, Alicia M. Monto, Arnold S. TI Substantial Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in Households With Children During the 2013-2014 Influenza Season, When 2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Virus Predominated SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE influenza; vaccine effectiveness; households with children; serologic susceptibility ID UNITED-STATES; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; PROTECTION; CIRCULATION; ANTIBODY; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION; COMMUNITY; CORRELATE AB Background. We examined the influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) during the 2013-2014 influenza season, in which 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus (influenza A[H1N1]pdm09) predominated. In 2 previous years when influenza A(H3N2) virus predominated, the VE was low and negatively affected by prior year vaccination. Methods. We enrolled and followed 232 households with 1049 members, including 618 children; specimens were collected from subjects with acute respiratory illnesses. The VE in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 infection was estimated in adjusted models. Preseason hemagglutination-inhibition and neuraminidase-inhibition antibody titers were determined to assess susceptibility. Results. Influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 was identified in 25 households (10.8%) and 47 individuals (4.5%). Adjusted VE against infection with influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 was 66% (95% confidence interval [CI], 23%-85%), with similar point estimates in children and adults, and against both community-acquired and household-acquired infections. VE did not appear to be different for live-attenuated and inactivated vaccines among children aged 2-8 years, although numbers were small. VE was similar for subjects vaccinated in both current and prior seasons and for those vaccinated in the current season only; susceptibility titers were consistent with this observation. Conclusions. Findings, including substantial significant VE and a lack of a negative effect of repeated vaccination on VE, were in contrast to those seen in prior seasons in which influenza A(H3N2) virus predominated. C1 [Ohmit, Suzanne E.; Petrie, Joshua G.; Malosh, Ryan E.; Johnson, Emileigh; Truscon, Rachel; Aaron, Barbara; Martens, Casey; Cheng, Caroline; Monto, Arnold S.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Fry, Alicia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ohmit, SE (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, 1415 Washington Hts, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM sohmit@umich.edu FU CDC [U01 IP000474]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R01 AI097150] FX This work was supported by the CDC (U01 IP000474) and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01 AI097150). NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 213 IS 8 BP 1229 EP 1236 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiv563 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DL0CG UT WOS:000375298700005 PM 26597255 ER PT J AU Singh, T Arrazola, RA Corey, CG Husten, CG Neff, LJ Homa, DM King, BA AF Singh, Tushar Arrazola, Rene A. Corey, Catherine G. Husten, Corinne G. Neff, Linda J. Homa, David M. King, Brian A. TI Tobacco Use Among Middle and High School Students - United States, 2011-2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Singh, Tushar; Arrazola, Rene A.; Neff, Linda J.; Homa, David M.; King, Brian A.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Singh, Tushar] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Corey, Catherine G.; Husten, Corinne G.] Food & Drug Adm, Ctr Tobacco Prod, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Singh, T (reprint author), CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Singh, T (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM TSingh@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 14 BP 361 EP 367 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK0WP UT WOS:000374633200001 PM 27077789 ER PT J AU Huang, JY Henao, OL Griffin, PM Vugia, DJ Cronquist, AB Hurd, S Tobin-D'Angelo, M Ryan, P Smith, K Lathrop, S Zansky, S Cieslak, PR Dunn, J Holt, KG Wolpert, BJ Patrick, ME AF Huang, Jennifer Y. Henao, Olga L. Griffin, Patricia M. Vugia, Duc J. Cronquist, Alicia B. Hurd, Sharon Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa Ryan, Patricia Smith, Kirk Lathrop, Sarah Zansky, Shelley Cieslak, Paul R. Dunn, John Holt, Kristin G. Wolpert, Beverly J. Patrick, Mary E. TI Infection with Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food and the Effect of Increasing Use of Culture-Independent Diagnostic Tests on Surveillance - Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 US Sites, 2012-2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS C1 [Huang, Jennifer Y.; Henao, Olga L.; Griffin, Patricia M.; Patrick, Mary E.] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vugia, Duc J.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Sacramento, CA USA. [Cronquist, Alicia B.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Colorado Springs, CO USA. [Hurd, Sharon] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. [Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ryan, Patricia] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Smith, Kirk] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. [Lathrop, Sarah] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Zansky, Shelley] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Dunn, John] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Memphis, TN USA. [Holt, Kristin G.] USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Wolpert, Beverly J.] Food & Drug Adm, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Patrick, ME (reprint author), CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mepatrick@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 7 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 14 BP 368 EP 371 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK0WP UT WOS:000374633200002 PM 27077946 ER PT J AU Deckard, DT Chung, WM Brooks, JT Smith, JC Woldai, S Hennessey, M Kwit, N Mead, P AF Deckard, D. Trew Chung, Wendy M. Brooks, John T. Smith, Jessica C. Woldai, Senait Hennessey, Morgan Kwit, Natalie Mead, Paul TI Male-to-Male Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus - Texas, January 2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Deckard, D. Trew] Med Off Steven M Pounders, Dallas, TX USA. [Chung, Wendy M.; Smith, Jessica C.; Woldai, Senait] Dallas Cty Hlth & Human Serv, Acute Communicable Dis Epidemiol Div, Dallas, TX 75207 USA. [Brooks, John T.] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis TB & STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hennessey, Morgan; Kwit, Natalie; Mead, Paul] CDC, Divis Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Hennessey, Morgan; Kwit, Natalie] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Brooks, JT (reprint author), CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis TB & STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zud4@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 6 U2 14 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 14 BP 372 EP 374 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK0WP UT WOS:000374633200003 PM 27078057 ER PT J AU Vasquez, AM Sapiano, MRP Basavaraju, SV Kuehnert, MJ Rivera-Garcia, B AF Vasquez, Amber M. Sapiano, Mathew R. P. Basavaraju, Sridhar V. Kuehnert, Matthew J. Rivera-Garcia, Brenda TI Survey of Blood Collection Centers and Implementation of Guidance for Prevention of Transfusion-Transmitted Zika Virus Infection - Puerto Rico, 2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material ID TRANSMISSION; OUTBREAK C1 [Vasquez, Amber M.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vasquez, Amber M.; Sapiano, Mathew R. P.; Basavaraju, Sridhar V.; Kuehnert, Matthew J.] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rivera-Garcia, Brenda] Puerto Rico Dept Hlth, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. RP Vasquez, AM (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Vasquez, AM (reprint author), CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM avasquez@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 17 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 14 BP 375 EP 378 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK0WP UT WOS:000374633200004 PM 27078190 ER PT J AU Kawakami, VM Bottichio, L Angelo, K Linton, N Kissler, B Basler, C Lloyd, J Inouye, W Gonzales, E Rietberg, K Melius, B Oltean, H Wise, M Sinatra, J Marsland, P Li, Z Meek, R Kay, M Duchin, J Lindquist, S AF Kawakami, Vance M. Bottichio, Lyndsay Angelo, Kristina Linton, Natalie Kissler, Bonnie Basler, Colin Lloyd, Jennifer Inouye, Wendy Gonzales, Elysia Rietberg, Krista Melius, Beth Oltean, Hanna Wise, Matthew Sinatra, Jennifer Marsland, Paula Li, Zhen Meek, Roxanne Kay, Meagan Duchin, Jeff Lindquist, Scott TI Outbreak of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Infections Linked to Pork - Washington, 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Kawakami, Vance M.; Lloyd, Jennifer; Inouye, Wendy; Gonzales, Elysia; Rietberg, Krista; Kay, Meagan; Duchin, Jeff] Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, Seattle, WA USA. [Kawakami, Vance M.; Angelo, Kristina] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bottichio, Lyndsay; Angelo, Kristina; Basler, Colin; Wise, Matthew] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Linton, Natalie; Melius, Beth; Oltean, Hanna; Lindquist, Scott] Washington State Dept Hlth, Off Communicable Dis Epidemiol, Shoreline, WA USA. [Kissler, Bonnie; Sinatra, Jennifer] USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Marsland, Paula; Li, Zhen; Meek, Roxanne] Washington State Dept Hlth, Publ Hlth Labs, Shoreline, WA USA. [Duchin, Jeff] Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Kawakami, VM (reprint author), Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, Seattle, WA USA.; Kawakami, VM (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vance.kawakami@kingcounty.gov NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 14 BP 379 EP 381 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK0WP UT WOS:000374633200005 PM 27078514 ER PT J AU Massey, J Henry, R Minnich, L Lamson, DM St George, K AF Massey, Joel Henry, Roberto Minnich, Linda Lamson, Daryl M. St George, Kirsten TI Health Care-Associated Outbreak of Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis - West Virginia, 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Massey, Joel] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Massey, Joel; Henry, Roberto] CDC, Publ Hlth Associate Program, Off State Tribal Local & Terr Support, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Henry, Roberto] Kanawha Charleston Hlth Dept, Charleston, WV USA. [Minnich, Linda] Charleston Area Med Ctr, Charleston, WV USA. [Lamson, Daryl M.; St George, Kirsten] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. RP Massey, J (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JMassey@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 14 BP 382 EP 383 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK0WP UT WOS:000374633200006 PM 27078721 ER PT J AU Yuen, CM Kammerer, JS Marks, K Navin, TR France, AM AF Yuen, Courtney M. Kammerer, J. Steve Marks, Kala Navin, Thomas R. France, Anne Marie TI Recent Transmission of Tuberculosis - United States, 2011-2014 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; RISK-FACTORS; OUTBREAK; HOMELESS; COUNTY; GENOTYPE AB Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that may result from recent transmission or from an infection acquired many years in the past; there is no diagnostic test to distinguish the two causes. Cases resulting from recent transmission are particularly concerning from a public health standpoint. To describe recent tuberculosis transmission in the United States, we used a field-validated plausible source-case method to estimate cases likely resulting from recent transmission during January 2011-September 2014. We classified cases as resulting from either limited or extensive recent transmission based on transmission cluster size. We used logistic regression to analyze patient characteristics associated with recent transmission. Of 26,586 genotyped cases, 14% were attributable to recent transmission, 39% of which were attributable to extensive recent transmission. The burden of cases attributed to recent transmission was geographically heterogeneous and poorly predicted by tuberculosis incidence. Extensive recent transmission was positively associated with American Indian/Alaska Native (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 3.6 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.9-4.4), Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (aPR = 3.2, 95% CI 2.3-4.5), and black (aPR = 3.0, 95% CI 2.6-3.5) race, and homelessness (aPR = 2.3, 95% CI 2.0-2.5). Extensive recent transmission was negatively associated with foreign birth (aPR = 0.2, 95% CI 0.2-0.2). Tuberculosis control efforts should prioritize reducing transmission among higher-risk populations. C1 [Yuen, Courtney M.; Kammerer, J. Steve; Marks, Kala; Navin, Thomas R.; France, Anne Marie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Yuen, Courtney M.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Global Hlth Equ, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [France, Anne Marie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP France, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. EM hgj6@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 4 AR e0153728 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0153728 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DJ6AH UT WOS:000374291800049 PM 27082644 ER PT J AU Hader, SL AF Hader, Shannon L. TI Role of Public-Private Partnerships in Meeting Healthcare Challenges in Africa: A Perspective From the Public Sector SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Hader, Shannon L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hader, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. EM sth5@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 213 SU 2 BP S34 EP S34 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiv575 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DJ4OT UT WOS:000374186800002 PM 27025695 ER PT J AU Joloba, M Mwangi, C Alexander, H Nadunga, D Bwanga, F Modi, N Downing, R Nabasirye, A Adatu, FE Shrivastava, R Gadde, R Nkengasong, JN AF Joloba, Moses Mwangi, Christina Alexander, Heather Nadunga, Diana Bwanga, Freddie Modi, Nelson Downing, Robert Nabasirye, Agnes Adatu, Francis E. Shrivastava, Ritu Gadde, Renuka Nkengasong, John N. TI Strengthening the Tuberculosis Specimen Referral Network in Uganda: The Role of Public-Private Partnerships SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium tuberculosis; multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; specimen referral; drug suscpectibility testing; Uganda; public-private partnership ID LABORATORY SYSTEMS; TREATMENT INITIATION; HEALTH; DIAGNOSIS; TB; ACCREDITATION; CHALLENGES; COUNTRIES; SETTINGS; QUALITY AB Background. Diagnosis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and prompt initiation of effective treatment rely on access to rapid and reliable drug-susceptibility testing. Efficient specimen transport systems and appropriate training on specimen referral contribute to optimal and timely access to tuberculosis diagnostic services. Methods. With support and technical assistance from a public-private partnership (PPP) between Becton Dickinson and the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, the Uganda National TB Reference Laboratory (NTRL) and National TB and Leprosy Program redesigned the tuberculosis specimen transport network and trained healthcare workers with the goal of improving multidrug-resistant tuberculosis detection. Results. Between 2008 and 2011, the PPP mapped 93% of health facilities and trained 724 healthcare and postal staff members covering 72% of districts. Strengthening the tuberculosis specimen referral system increased referrals from presumptive multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases by > 10-fold, with 94% of specimens reaching the NTRL within the established target transport time. Conclusions. This study demonstrates the potential of PPP collaborations with ministries of health to positively influence patient care by strengthening laboratory systems through increased access to drug-susceptibility testing in Uganda. Ongoing efforts to integrate specimen transport networks will maximize resources and improve patient management. C1 [Joloba, Moses; Bwanga, Freddie] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Kampala, Uganda. [Joloba, Moses; Nadunga, Diana; Modi, Nelson] Natl TB Reference Lab, Kampala, Uganda. [Mwangi, Christina; Downing, Robert; Nabasirye, Agnes] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC Uganda, Kampala, Uganda. [Adatu, Francis E.] Natl TB & Leprosy Programme, Kampala, Uganda. [Alexander, Heather; Shrivastava, Ritu; Nkengasong, John N.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gadde, Renuka] Becton Dickinson & Co, Franklin Lakes, NJ USA. RP Joloba, M (reprint author), Makerere Univ, Dept Med Microbiol, Coll Hlth Sci, POB 7072, Kampala, Uganda. EM Moses.joloba@case.edu OI Joloba, Moses/0000-0002-0334-9983 FU US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, through the CDC FX This work was supported by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, through the CDC. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 213 SU 2 BP S41 EP S46 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiw035 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DJ4OT UT WOS:000374186800004 PM 27025697 ER PT J AU Kebede, Y Fonjungo, PN Tibesso, G Shrivastava, R Nkengasong, JN Kenyon, T Kebede, A Gadde, R Ayana, G AF Kebede, Yenew Fonjungo, Peter N. Tibesso, Gudeta Shrivastava, Ritu Nkengasong, John N. Kenyon, Thomas Kebede, Amha Gadde, Renuka Ayana, Gonfa TI Improved Specimen-Referral System and Increased Access to Quality Laboratory Services in Ethiopia: The Role of the Public-Private Partnership SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE specimen-referral system; training; public-private partnership; postal system; turn around time ID RESOURCE-POOR SETTINGS; HEALTH SYSTEMS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; HIV; INFANTS AB Background. Nonstandardized specimen-transport logistics, lack of laboratory personnel to transport specimens, lack of standard specimen containers, and long turnaround time (TAT) hindered access to quality laboratory services. The objective of the Becton, Dickinson, and Company (BD)-US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) Public-Private Partnership (PPP) was to support country-specific programs to develop integrated laboratory systems, services, and quality improvement strategies, with an emphasis on strengthening the specimen-referral system (SRS). Methods. In 2007, through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI) joined with the BD-PEPFAR PPP to strengthen laboratory systems. A joint planning and assessment committee identified gaps in the SRS for prioritization and intervention and piloted the system in Addis Ababa and Amhara Region. Results. The PPP established standardized, streamlined specimen logistics, using the Ethiopian Postal Service Enterprise to support a laboratory network in which 554 facilities referred specimens to 160 laboratories. The PPP supported procuring 400 standard specimen containers and the training of 586 laboratory personnel and 81 postal workers. The average TAT was reduced from 7 days (range, 2-14 days) to 2 days (range, 1-3 days) in Addis Ababa and from 10 days (range, 6-21 days) to 5 days (range, 2-6 days) in Amhara Region. Conclusions. This study highlights the feasibility and untapped potential of PPPs to strengthen laboratory systems. This planned and structured approach to improving specimen referral enhanced access to quality laboratory services. C1 [Kebede, Yenew; Fonjungo, Peter N.; Kenyon, Thomas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Tibesso, Gudeta] Columbia Univ, Int Ctr AIDS Care & Treatment Programs, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Kebede, Amha; Ayana, Gonfa] Ethiopian Publ Hlth Inst, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Fonjungo, Peter N.; Shrivastava, Ritu; Nkengasong, John N.; Kenyon, Thomas] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gadde, Renuka] Becton Dickinson & Co, Franklin Lakes, NJ USA. RP Kebede, Y (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. EM hnb0@cdc.gov FU US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, through the CDC [U2GPS000825] FX This work was supported by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, through the CDC (grant U2GPS000825). NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 213 SU 2 BP S59 EP S64 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiv576 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DJ4OT UT WOS:000374186800007 PM 27025700 ER PT J AU Kimani, D Kamau, R Gadde, R Selenic, D Maina, S Marum, L Gao, HJ Mwalili, S Marfin, A Mwangi, J AF Kimani, Daniel Kamau, Rachel Gadde, Renuka Selenic, Dejana Maina, Stephen Marum, Lawrence Gao Hongjiang Mwalili, Samuel Marfin, Anthony Mwangi, Jane TI Findings of Phlebotomy Practices in Kenya in 2010: Need for Action SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE phlebotomy; public-private partnerships; preanalytical errors; blood specimen quality ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; HAND HYGIENE; HEPATITIS-B; IMPROVEMENT; VENIPUNCTURE; INJURIES; STICK; USAGE AB Background. Phlebotomy, a commonly performed medical procedure in healthcare, is essential for disease diagnosis and patient management. However, poorly performed phlebotomy can compromise patient safety, healthcare worker (HCW) safety, and specimen quality. We carried out a study between June and July 2010 to assess knowledge, quality and safety of phlebotomy before implementation of a public-private partnership between Becton, Dickinson and Company and the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief. Methods. This was a cross-sectional observational study in 8 healthcare facilities within 4 regions of Kenya. HCWs were observed conducting venous and capillary blood collections, and pre- and posttests were offered during HCW training. Results. Of 283 blood samples obtained, 194 were venous draws conducted by 72 HCWs and 89 were capillary draws performed by 33 HCWs. Based on 12 preset quality-associated criteria, none of the 194 observed phlebotomies met the standard. In total, 91 HCWs were trained in phlebotomy. The mean knowledge increase between pre- and posttraining test was 41%, ranging from 39% to 45% (95% confidence interval, 29.3%-53.5%; P < .001). Conclusions. Inadequate knowledge and imperfect phlebotomy procedures were noted. This formed the basis for the safe phlebotomy partnership to address these deficiencies. To ensure sustainability, safe phlebotomy practices were integrated into preservice training. C1 [Kimani, Daniel; Mwalili, Samuel; Mwangi, Jane] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, POB 606, Nairobi 00621, Kenya. [Kamau, Rachel] Natl AIDS & STI Control Program, Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Nairobi, Kenya. [Maina, Stephen] Jhpiego, Nairobi, Kenya. [Gadde, Renuka] Becton Dickinson & Co BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ USA. [Selenic, Dejana; Gao Hongjiang; Marfin, Anthony] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Marum, Lawrence] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Lusaka, Zambia. RP Kimani, D (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, POB 606, Nairobi 00621, Kenya. EM ipb3@cdc.gov FU US PEPFAR from the Division of Global HIV/AIDS, CDC, and BD through the BD-PEPFAR Safe Phlebotomy Partnership [PS000644] FX This work was supported by the US PEPFAR through a cooperative agreement (PS000644) from the Division of Global HIV/AIDS, CDC, and BD through the BD-PEPFAR Safe Phlebotomy Partnership. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 213 SU 2 BP S53 EP S58 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiv747 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DJ4OT UT WOS:000374186800006 PM 27025699 ER PT J AU Shrivastava, R Gadde, R Nkengasong, JN AF Shrivastava, Ritu Gadde, Renuka Nkengasong, John N. TI Importance of Public-Private Partnerships: Strengthening Laboratory Medicine Systems and Clinical Practice in Africa SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE HIV; AIDS; PEPFAR; laboratory systems; public-private partnership; Africa; Becton; Dickinson and Company; private sector ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; PRESIDENTS EMERGENCY PLAN; HEALTH SYSTEMS; GLOBAL HEALTH; SMART INVESTMENTS; AIDS RELIEF; SCALING-UP; HIV; LESSONS; PREVENTION AB After the launch of the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief in 2003, it became evident that inadequate laboratory systems and services would severely limit the scale-up of human immunodeficiency virus infection prevention, care, and treatment programs. Thus, the Office of the US Global AIDS Coordinator, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Becton, Dickinson and Company developed a public-private partnership (PPP). Between October 2007 and July 2012, the PPP combined the competencies of the public and private sectors to boost sustainable laboratory systems and develop workforce skills in 4 African countries. Key accomplishments of the initiative include measurable and scalable outcomes to strengthen national capacities to build technical skills, develop sample referral networks, map disease prevalence, support evidence-based health programming, and drive continuous quality improvement in laboratories. This report details lessons learned from our experience and a series of recommendations on how to achieve successful PPPs. C1 [Shrivastava, Ritu; Nkengasong, John N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Lab Branch, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gadde, Renuka] Becton Dickinson & Co, Franklin Lakes, NJ USA. RP Shrivastava, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Lab Branch, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zni4@cdc.gov FU US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief; Becton, Dickinson and Company FX This work was supported by shared funds and resources from the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and Becton, Dickinson and Company. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 213 SU 2 BP S35 EP S40 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiv574 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DJ4OT UT WOS:000374186800003 PM 27025696 ER PT J AU Skaggs, B Pinto, I Masamha, J Turgeon, D Gudo, ES AF Skaggs, Beth Pinto, Isabel Masamha, Jessina Turgeon, David Gudo, Eduardo Samo TI Implementing Laboratory Quality Management Systems in Mozambique: The Becton Dickinson-US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief Public-Private Partnership Initiative SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE laboratory QMS; Mozambique; PEPFAR; public-private partnership; laboratory systems ID ACCREDITATION; SERVICES; AFRICA AB Background. Mozambique's ministry of health (MOH) recognized the need to establish a national laboratory quality assurance (NLQA) program to improve the reliability and accuracy of laboratory testing. The Becton Dickinson-US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief Public-Private Partnership (PPP) was used to garner MOH commitment and train a cadre of local auditors and managers to support sustainability and country ownership of a NLQA program. Methods. From January 2011 to April 2012, the World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa Stepwise Laboratory Quality Improvement Process Towards Accreditation (SLIPTA) checklist and the Strengthening Laboratory Management Towards Accreditation (SLMTA) curriculum were used in 6 MOH laboratories. PPP volunteers provided training and mentorship to build the capacity of local auditors and program managers to promote institutionalization and sustainability of the program within the MOH. Results. SLIPTA was launched in 6 MOH laboratories, and final audits demonstrated improvements across the 13 quality system essentials, compared with baseline. Training and mentorship of MOH staff by PPP volunteers resulted in 18 qualified auditors and 28 managers/quality officers capacitated to manage the improvement process in their laboratories. Conclusions. SLIPTA helps laboratories improve the quality and reliability of their service even in the absence of full accreditation. Local capacity building ensures sustainability by creating country buy-in, reducing costs of audits, and institutionalizing program management. C1 [Skaggs, Beth; Masamha, Jessina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global HIV & AIDS, Maputo, Mozambique. [Pinto, Isabel] Minist Hlth, Cent Lab Dept, Maputo, Mozambique. [Gudo, Eduardo Samo] Minist Hlth, NIH, Maputo, Mozambique. [Turgeon, David] CDC, Div Global HIV & AIDS, Int Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Skaggs, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM bgs7@cdc.gov FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, through the CDC FX This work was supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, through the CDC. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 213 SU 2 BP S47 EP S52 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiv544 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DJ4OT UT WOS:000374186800005 PM 27025698 ER PT J AU Macura, SL Lathrop, MJ Gui, J Doncel, GF Asin, SN Rollenhagen, C AF Macura, Sherrill L. Lathrop, Melissa J. Gui, Jiang Doncel, Gustavo F. Asin, Susana N. Rollenhagen, Christiane TI Blocking CXCL9 Decreases HIV-1 Replication and Enhances the Activity of Prophylactic Antiretrovirals in Human Cervical Tissues SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV-1 replication; prophylactic microbicides; CXCL9; cervical tissues ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS; FEMALE GENITAL-TRACT; CD4(+) T-CELLS; PREEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; TYPE-1 INFECTION; EX-VIVO; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; CERVICOVAGINAL TISSUE; AFRICAN WOMEN AB Objectives: The interferon-gamma-induced chemokine CXCL9 is expressed in a wide range of inflammatory conditions including those affecting the female genital tract. CXCL9 promotes immune cell recruitment, activation, and proliferation. The role of CXCL9 in modulating HIV-1 infection of cervicovaginal tissues, a main portal of viral entry, however, has not been established. We report a link between CXCL9 and HIV-1 replication in human cervical tissues and propose CXCL9 as a potential target to enhance the anti-HIV-1 activity of prophylactic antiretrovirals. Design: Using ex vivo infection of human cervical tissues as a model of mucosal HIV-1 acquisition, we described the effect of CXCL9 neutralization on HIV-1 gene expression and mucosal CD4(+) T-cell activation. The anti-HIV-1 activity of tenofovir, the leading mucosal pre-exposure prophylactic microbicide, alone or in combination with CXCL9 neutralization was also studied. Methods: HIV-1 replication was evaluated by p24 ELISA. HIV-1 DNA and RNA, and CD4, CCR5, and CD38 transcription were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Frequency of activated cervical CD4(+) T cells was quantified using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Results: Antibody blocking of CXCL9 reduced HIV-1 replication by decreasing mucosal CD4(+) T-cell activation. CXCL9 neutralization in combination with suboptimal concentrations of tenofovir, possibly present in the cervicovaginal tissues of women using the drug inconsistently, demonstrated an earlier and greater decrease in HIV-1 replication compared with tissues treated with tenofovir alone. Conclusions: CXCL9 neutralization reduces HIV-1 replication and may be an effective target to enhance the efficacy of prophylactic antiretrovirals. C1 [Macura, Sherrill L.; Lathrop, Melissa J.; Asin, Susana N.; Rollenhagen, Christiane] VA Med Ctr, Res Serv, White River Jct, VT USA. [Macura, Sherrill L.] US FDA, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, Off Device Evaluat, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Lathrop, Melissa J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Select Agents & Toxins, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gui, Jiang] Geisel Sch Med Dartmouth, Dept Biomed Data Sci, Lebanon, NH USA. [Doncel, Gustavo F.] Eastern Virginia Med Sch, CONRAD, Norfolk, VA 23501 USA. [Asin, Susana N.] Geisel Sch Med Dartmouth, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Lebanon, NH USA. [Rollenhagen, Christiane] Geisel Sch Med Dartmouth, Dept Med, Lebanon, NH USA. RP Asin, SN (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, Res Serv, 215 North Main St, Wrj, VT 05009 USA. EM Susana.N.Asin@dartmouth.edu FU United States Agency for International Development [AID-OAA-A-14-00010]; Department of Veterans Affairs, Merit Review Program; Campbell Foundation FX Supported by the United States Agency for International Development (AID-OAA-A-14-00010) (G.F.D.), the Department of Veterans Affairs, Merit Review Program (S.N.A.), and by the Campbell Foundation (C.R.). NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 71 IS 5 BP 474 EP 482 DI 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000891 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DG8RC UT WOS:000372350300002 PM 26545124 ER PT J AU Kim, HY Williamson, JM Lin, HM AF Kim, Hae-Young Williamson, John M. Lin, Hung-Mo TI Power and sample size calculations for interval-censored survival analysis SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE interval-censored data; power; sample size; parametric survival analysis ID FAILURE TIME DATA; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL; LOG-RANK-TESTS; REGRESSION-ANALYSIS; WEIBULL PARAMETERS; LINEAR-MODELS; LIKELIHOOD; INFERENCE; AGE AB We propose a method for calculating power and sample size for studies involving interval-censored failure time data that only involves standard software required for fitting the appropriate parametric survival model. We use the framework of a longitudinal study where patients are assessed periodically for a response and the only resultant information available to the investigators is the failure window: the time between the last negative and first positive test results. The survival model is fit to an expanded data set using easily computed weights. We illustrate with a Weibull survival model and a two-group comparison. The investigator can specify a group difference in terms of a hazards ratio. Our simulation results demonstrate the merits of these proposed power calculations. We also explore how the number of assessments (visits), and thus the corresponding lengths of the failure intervals, affect study power. The proposed method can be easily extended to more complex study designs and a variety of survival and censoring distributions. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Kim, Hae-Young] New York Med Coll, Dept Epidemiol & Community Hlth, 40 Sunshine Cottage Rd, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. [Williamson, John M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, MS A-06,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Lin, Hung-Mo] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Populat Hlth Sci & Policy, One Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1010, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Kim, HY (reprint author), New York Med Coll, Dept Epidemiol & Community Hlth, 40 Sunshine Cottage Rd, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. EM haeyoung_kim@nymc.edu NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0277-6715 EI 1097-0258 J9 STAT MED JI Stat. Med. PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 35 IS 8 BP 1390 EP 1400 DI 10.1002/sim.6832 PG 11 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Mathematics GA DF9LV UT WOS:000371683600012 PM 26643411 ER PT J AU Dupervil, B Grosse, S Burnett, A Parker, C AF Dupervil, Brandi Grosse, Scott Burnett, Arthur Parker, Christopher TI Emergency Department Visits and Inpatient Admissions Associated with Priapism among Males with Sickle Cell Disease in the United States, 2006-2010 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MANAGEMENT; HEMOLYSIS AB People with sickle cell disease (SCD) suffer from numerous acute complications that can result in multiple hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) and outpatient care visits. Priapism, a prolonged unwanted erection of the penis not due to sexual stimulation, is a serious complication among males with SCD. Variations in estimates of prevalence make it difficult to accurately assess the burden of this complication of SCD. We analyzed data from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS), a product of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, for the years 2006 through 2010 to measure the numbers of ED visits and to examine patterns of subsequent hospitalizations associated with priapism among male patients with SCD. We find that among ED visits associated with males with SCD, those prompted by priapism are more likely to result in hospitalization than are those associated with pain. C1 [Dupervil, Brandi; Grosse, Scott; Parker, Christopher] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Burnett, Arthur] Johns Hopkins Med Inst, James Buchanan Brady Urol Inst, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Dupervil, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. EM inm4@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 14 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 4 AR e0153257 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0153257 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DJ3UH UT WOS:000374131700031 PM 27078839 ER PT J AU Voelker, R AF Voelker, Rebecca TI Farm-to-Table Botulism Concern SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT News Item C1 [Voelker, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Voelker, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 12 PY 2016 VL 315 IS 14 BP 1444 EP 1444 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EM0AF UT WOS:000394980500006 ER PT J AU Voelker, R AF Voelker, Rebecca TI Sugary Drinks: A Daily Downfall SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT News Item C1 [Voelker, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Voelker, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 12 PY 2016 VL 315 IS 14 BP 1444 EP 1444 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EM0AF UT WOS:000394980500005 ER PT J AU Chonwattana, W Raengsakulrach, B Holtz, TH Wasinrapee, P Tongtoyai, J Chaikummao, S Pattanasin, S McNicholl, JM van Griensven, F Curlin, ME AF Chonwattana, Wannee Raengsakulrach, Boonyos Holtz, Timothy H. Wasinrapee, Punneeporn Tongtoyai, Jaray Chaikummao, Supaporn Pattanasin, Sarika McNicholl, Janet M. van Griensven, Frits Curlin, Marcel E. TI Hepatitis B vaccination uptake and correlates of serologic response among HIV-infected and uninfected men who have sex with men (MSM) in Bangkok, Thailand SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE HIV; HBV; Vaccination; Serologic response; IgG; Plasma viral load ID IMPAIRED RESPONSE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; VIRUS INFECTION; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; COHORT; INDIVIDUALS; ADULTS; MORTALITY; ANTIBODY AB Background: Vaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV) is recommended for all HBV-susceptible men who have sex with men (MSM). There is limited information on correlates of immunity to HBV vaccination in this group. We present serologic response rates to hepatitis B vaccine and identify factors associated with impaired response among HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected Thai MSM. Methodology: HBV-susceptible volunteers were offered hepatitis B vaccination at months zero, one, and six. We measured baseline (pre-vaccination) total serum IgG and IgG subclasses (all participants), baseline CD4 count, and plasma HIV-1 viral load (PVL) (HIV+ participants). HBV serologies were retested at 12 months. Serologic responses were compared between all groups in men receiving three vaccine doses. Results: 511/651 HIV-negative and 64/84 HIV-positive participants completed the three-dose series. Response rates in HIV-uninfected and-infected participants were 90.1% vs. 50.0% (p < 0.0001). Median pre-vaccination IgG was higher among non-responders than responders overall (1238.9.0 vs. 1057.0 mg/dL, p = 0.003) and among HIV-infected participants (1534.0 vs. 1244.5 mg/dL, p = 0.005), but not significantly among HIV-uninfected participants (1105.5 vs. 1054.3 mg/dL, p = 0.96). Pre-vaccination IgG1 and IgG3 levels were higher among HIV-positive than HIV-negative participants (median 866.0 vs. 520.3, and 105.8 vs. 83.1 mg/dL, respectively, p < 0.0001). Among HIV-infected participants, median CD4 count in non-responders was 378 cells/mu L vs. 431 cells/mu L in responders (p = 0.20). Median PVL in non-responders was 64,800 copies/mL vs. 15500 copies/mL in responders (p = 0.04). Participants with pre-vaccination plasma IgG >1550 mg/dL and PVL >10,000 copies/mL were almost always non-responsive (p < 0.01). Conclusions: HIV infection was associated with poor vaccine responses. High plasma viral load, elevated pre-vaccination total serum IgG and elevated pre-vaccination IgG1 are associated with poorer response to vaccination among HIV-infected MSM. In this group, the combination of high PVL and pre-vaccination total IgG is highly predictive of vaccine failure. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chonwattana, Wannee; Raengsakulrach, Boonyos; Holtz, Timothy H.; Wasinrapee, Punneeporn; Tongtoyai, Jaray; Chaikummao, Supaporn; Pattanasin, Sarika; van Griensven, Frits; Curlin, Marcel E.] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth US Ctr Dis Control & Pr, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Holtz, Timothy H.; McNicholl, Janet M.; Curlin, Marcel E.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [van Griensven, Frits] Thai Red Cross Soc AIDS Res Ctr, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Curlin, ME (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. EM vdu7@th.cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was supported by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We extend our sincerest thanks to Dr. Susan Moir (NIAID) for reviewing the data and the manuscript prior to submission. We gratefully acknowledge the support of the personnel of the Thailand MOPH-US CDC Collaboration and the Silom Community Clinic who contributed to this work. We also thank the many study volunteers for their time and dedication. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 12 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 17 BP 2044 EP 2050 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.11.071 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DJ3CW UT WOS:000374083400011 PM 26685092 ER PT J AU Hanson, DL Song, RG Masciotra, S Hernandez, A Dobbs, TL Parekh, BS Owen, SM Green, TA AF Hanson, Debra L. Song, Ruiguang Masciotra, Silvina Hernandez, Angela Dobbs, Trudy L. Parekh, Bharat S. Owen, S. Michele Green, Timothy A. TI Mean Recency Period for Estimation of HIV-1 Incidence with the BED-Capture EIA and Bio-Rad Avidity in Persons Diagnosed in the United States with Subtype B SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; TYPE-1 INCIDENCE; INFECTION; ASSAY; SEROCONVERSION; SURVEILLANCE; VACCINE; MEN AB HIV incidence estimates are used to monitor HIV-1 infection in the United States. Use of laboratory biomarkers that distinguish recent from longstanding infection to quantify HIV incidence rely on having accurate knowledge of the average time that individuals spend in a transient state of recent infection between seroconversion and reaching a specified biomarker cutoff value. This paper describes five estimation procedures from two general statistical approaches, a survival time approach and an approach that fits binomial models of the probability of being classified as recently infected, as a function of time since seroconversion. We compare these procedures for estimating the mean duration of recent infection (MDRI) for two biomarkers used by the U.S. National HIV Surveillance System for determination of HIV incidence, the Aware BED EIA HIV-1 incidence test (BED) and the avidity-based, modified Bio-Rad HIV-1/HIV-2 plus O ELISA (BRAI) assay. Collectively, 953 specimens from 220 HIV-1 subtype B seroconverters, taken from 5 cohorts, were tested with a biomarker assay. Estimates of MDRI using the non-parametric survival approach were 198.4 days (SD 13.0) for BED and 239.6 days (SD 13.9) for BRAI using cutoff values of 0.8 normalized optical density and 30%, respectively. The probability of remaining in the recent state as a function of time since seroconversion, based upon this revised statistical approach, can be applied in the calculation of annual incidence in the United States. C1 [Hanson, Debra L.; Song, Ruiguang; Green, Timothy A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Quantitat Sci & Data Management Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Masciotra, Silvina; Owen, S. Michele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hernandez, Angela] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Incidence & Case Surveillance Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dobbs, Trudy L.; Parekh, Bharat S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Lab Branch, Div Global HIV & AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hanson, DL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Quantitat Sci & Data Management Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. EM dhanson@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 11 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 4 AR e0152327 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0152327 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DJ0KH UT WOS:000373891000010 PM 27065005 ER PT J AU Zaganjor, I Sekkarie, A Tsang, BL Williams, J Razzaghi, H Mulinare, J Sniezek, JE Cannon, MJ Rosenthal, J AF Zaganjor, Ibrahim Sekkarie, Ahlia Tsang, Becky L. Williams, Jennifer Razzaghi, Hilda Mulinare, Joseph Sniezek, Joseph E. Cannon, Michael J. Rosenthal, Jorge TI Describing the Prevalence of Neural Tube Defects Worldwide: A Systematic Literature Review SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Review ID FOLIC-ACID FORTIFICATION; MAJOR CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; POPULATION-BASED SURVEY; BIRTH-DEFECTS; RISK-FACTORS; FLOUR FORTIFICATION; SAUDI-ARABIA; SPINA-BIFIDA; CHINA; ANOMALIES AB Background Folate-sensitive neural tube defects (NTDs) are an important, preventable cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is a need to describe the current global burden of NTDs and identify gaps in available NTD data. Methods and Findings We conducted a systematic review and searched multiple databases for NTD prevalence estimates and abstracted data from peer-reviewed literature, birth defects surveillance registries, and reports published between January 1990 and July 2014 that had greater than 5,000 births and were not solely based on mortality data. We classified countries according to World Health Organization (WHO) regions and World Bank income classifications. The initial search yielded 11,614 results; after systematic review we identified 160 full text manuscripts and reports that met the inclusion criteria. Data came from 75 countries. Coverage by WHO region varied in completeness (i.e., % of countries reporting) as follows: African (17%), Eastern Mediterranean (57%), European (49%), Americas (43%), South-East Asian (36%), and Western Pacific (33%). The reported NTD prevalence ranges and medians for each region were: African (5.2-75.4; 11.7 per 10,000 births), Eastern Mediterranean (2.1-124.1; 21.9 per 10,000 births), European (1.3-35.9; 9.0 per 10,000 births), Americas (3.3-27.9; 11.5 per 10,000 births), South-East Asian (1.9-66.2; 15.8 per 10,000 births), and Western Pacific (0.3-199.4; 6.9 per 10,000 births). The presence of a registry or surveillance system for NTDs increased with country income level: low income (0%), lower-middle income (25%), upper-middle income (70%), and high income (91%). Conclusions Many WHO member states (120/194) did not have any data on NTD prevalence. Where data are collected, prevalence estimates vary widely. These findings highlight the need for greater NTD surveillance efforts, especially in lower-income countries. NTDs are an important public health problem that can be prevented with folic acid supplementation and fortification of staple foods. C1 [Zaganjor, Ibrahim; Sekkarie, Ahlia; Tsang, Becky L.; Williams, Jennifer; Razzaghi, Hilda; Mulinare, Joseph; Sniezek, Joseph E.; Cannon, Michael J.; Rosenthal, Jorge] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Razzaghi, Hilda; Mulinare, Joseph] Carter Consulting Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zaganjor, I (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. EM wwa3@cdc.gov FU Carter Consulting Inc. FX AS, IZ, and BLT were supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the CDC administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). The commercial company, Carter Consulting Inc., provided support in the form of salaries for authors [HR, JM]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 130 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 22 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 11 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 4 AR e0151586 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0151586 PG 31 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DJ0KH UT WOS:000373891000006 PM 27064786 ER PT J AU Chan, JCN Gregg, EW Sargent, J Horton, R AF Chan, Juliana C. N. Gregg, Edward W. Sargent, Jennifer Horton, Richard TI Reducing global diabetes burden by implementing solutions and identifying gaps: a Lancet Commission SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material ID FOLLOW-UP; GLUCOSE; INTERVENTION; MORTALITY; DISEASE; RISK C1 [Chan, Juliana C. N.] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Prince Wales Hosp, Dept Med & Therapeut, Hong Kong Inst Diabet & Obes, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Chan, Juliana C. N.] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Prince Wales Hosp, Li Ka Shing Inst Hlth Sci, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Gregg, Edward W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sargent, Jennifer; Horton, Richard] The Lancet, London, England. RP Chan, JCN (reprint author), Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Prince Wales Hosp, Dept Med & Therapeut, Hong Kong Inst Diabet & Obes, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.; Chan, JCN (reprint author), Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Prince Wales Hosp, Li Ka Shing Inst Hlth Sci, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM jchan@cuhk.edu.hk RI Chan, Juliana /B-7918-2016 OI Chan, Juliana /0000-0003-1325-1194 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD APR 9 PY 2016 VL 387 IS 10027 BP 1494 EP 1495 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30165-9 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DI8HH UT WOS:000373741600009 PM 27061676 ER PT J AU Wheaton, AG Olsen, EO Miller, GF Croft, JB AF Wheaton, Anne G. Olsen, Emily O'Malley Miller, Gabrielle F. Croft, Janet B. TI Sleep Duration and Injury-Related Risk Behaviors Among High School Students - United States, 2007-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID ADOLESCENTS C1 [Wheaton, Anne G.; Miller, Gabrielle F.; Croft, Janet B.] CDC, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Olsen, Emily O'Malley] CDC, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wheaton, AG (reprint author), CDC, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM awheaton@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 8 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 13 BP 337 EP 341 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DJ3DJ UT WOS:000374084700001 PM 27054407 ER PT J AU Epstein, L Dantes, R Magill, S Fiore, A AF Epstein, Lauren Dantes, Ray Magill, Shelley Fiore, Anthony TI Varying Estimates of Sepsis Mortality Using Death Certificates and Administrative Codes - United States, 1999-2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIOLOGY; CARE C1 [Epstein, Lauren; Dantes, Ray; Magill, Shelley; Fiore, Anthony] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Epstein, L (reprint author), CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lepstein@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 8 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 13 BP 342 EP 345 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DJ3DJ UT WOS:000374084700002 PM 27054476 ER PT J AU Snider, CJ Diop, OM Burns, CC Tangermann, RH Wassilak, SGF AF Snider, Cynthia J. Diop, Ousmane M. Burns, Cara C. Tangermann, Rudolph H. Wassilak, Steven G. F. TI Surveillance Systems to Track Progress Toward Polio Eradication - Worldwide, 2014-2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Snider, Cynthia J.; Wassilak, Steven G. F.] CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Diop, Ousmane M.; Tangermann, Rudolph H.] WHO, Polio Eradicat Dept, Geneva, Switzerland. [Burns, Cara C.] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Snider, CJ (reprint author), CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM csnider@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 8 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 13 BP 346 EP 351 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DJ3DJ UT WOS:000374084700003 PM 27054558 ER PT J AU Peralta, G Tobin-D'Angelo, M Parham, A Edison, L Lorentzson, L Smith, C Drenzek, C AF Peralta, Gianna Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa Parham, Angie Edison, Laura Lorentzson, Lauren Smith, Carol Drenzek, Cherie TI Mycobacterium abscessus Infections Among Patients of a Pediatric Dentistry Practice - Georgia, 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID OUTBREAK C1 [Peralta, Gianna; Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa; Parham, Angie; Edison, Laura; Lorentzson, Lauren; Smith, Carol; Drenzek, Cherie] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Peralta, Gianna] CDC, CSTE, Appl Epidemiol Fellowship Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Parham, Angie] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lorentzson, Lauren] CDC, Div State & Local Readiness, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Peralta, G (reprint author), Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM Gianna.Peralta@dph.ga.gov NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD APR 8 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 13 BP 355 EP 356 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DJ3DJ UT WOS:000374084700006 PM 27054966 ER PT J AU Rizzo, A Pedalino, B Porfiri, M AF Rizzo, Alessandro Pedalino, Biagio Porfiri, Maurizio TI A network model for Ebola spreading SO JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Activity driven networks; Ebola virus disease; Epidemic model; Interventions; Liberia ID VIRUS DISEASE EVD; TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS; HUMAN MOBILITY; HUMAN-BEHAVIOR; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; COMPLEX NETWORKS; EPIDEMIC MODELS; WEST-AFRICA; TRAVEL; SCALE AB The availability of accurate models for the spreading of infectious diseases has opened a new era in management and containment of epidemics. Models are extensively used to plan for and execute vaccination campaigns, to evaluate the risk of international spreadings and the feasibility of travel bans, and to inform prophylaxis campaigns. Even when no specific therapeutical protocol is available, as for the Ebola Virus Disease (EVD), models of epidemic spreading can provide useful insight to steer interventions in the field and to forecast the trend of the epidemic. Here, we propose a novel mathematical model to describe EVD spreading based on activity driven networks (ADNs). Our approach overcomes the simplifying assumption of homogeneous mixing, which is central to most of the mathematically tractable models of EVD spreading. In our ADN-based model, each individual is not bound to contact every other, and its network of contacts varies in time as a function of an activity potential. Our model contemplates the possibility of non-ideal and time-varying intervention policies, which are critical to accurately describe EVD spreading in afflicted countries. The model is calibrated from field data of the 2014 April-to-December spreading in Liberia. We use the model as a predictive tool, to emulate the dynamics of EVD in Liberia and offer a one-year projection, until December 2015. Our predictions agree with the current vision expressed by professionals in the field, who consider EVD in Liberia at its final stage. The model is also used to perform a what-if analysis to assess the efficacy of timely intervention policies. In particular, we show that an earlier application of the same intervention policy would have greatly reduced the number of EVD cases, the duration of the outbreak, and the infrastructures needed for the implementation of the intervention. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Rizzo, Alessandro; Porfiri, Maurizio] NYU, Tandon Sch Engn, MetroTech Ctr 6, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. [Rizzo, Alessandro] Politecn Torino, Dipartimento Automat & Informat, Corso Duca Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Turin, Italy. [Pedalino, Biagio] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Cooperat Agreement Workforce & Inst,Dev Branch, TEPHINET Training Programs Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Rizzo, A; Porfiri, M (reprint author), NYU, Tandon Sch Engn, MetroTech Ctr 6, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. EM alessandro.rizzo@nyu.edu; pedalinobiagio@gmail.com; mporfiri@nyu.edu OI Rizzo, Alessandro/0000-0002-2386-3146 FU Honors Center of Italian Universities (H2CU) FX Alessandro Rizzo warmly thanks the Honors Center of Italian Universities (H2CU) for housing and scholarship support. NR 97 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 25 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5193 EI 1095-8541 J9 J THEOR BIOL JI J. Theor. Biol. PD APR 7 PY 2016 VL 394 BP 212 EP 222 DI 10.1016/j.jtbi.2016.01.015 PG 11 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA DR4RB UT WOS:000379888800019 PM 26804645 ER PT J AU Quan, V Verani, JR Cohen, C von Gottberg, A Meiring, S Cutland, CL Schrag, SJ Madhi, SA AF Quan, Vanessa Verani, Jennifer R. Cohen, Cheryl von Gottberg, Anne Meiring, Susan Cutland, Clare L. Schrag, Stephanie J. Madhi, Shabir A. TI Invasive Group B Streptococcal Disease in South Africa: Importance of Surveillance Methodology SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID YOUNG-INFANTS; PREVENTION; INFECTION; SEPSIS; BURDEN; SOWETO; TRIAL; RISK; HIV AB Data on neonatal group B streptococcal (GBS) invasive disease burden are needed to refine prevention policies. Differences in surveillance methods and investigating for cases can lead to varying disease burden estimates. We compared the findings of laboratory-based passive surveillance for GBS disease across South Africa, and for one of the provinces compared this to a real-time, systematic, clinical surveillance in a population-defined region in Johannesburg, Soweto. Passive surveillance identified a total of 799 early-onset disease (EOD, <7 days age) and 818 LOD (late onset disease, 7-89 days age) cases nationwide. The passive surveillance provincial incidence varied for EOD (range 0.00 to 1.23/1000 live births), and was 0.03 to 1.04/1000 live births for LOD. The passive surveillance rates for Soweto, were not significantly different compared to those from the systematic surveillance (EOD 1.23 [95% CI 1.06-1.43] vs. 1.50 [95% CI 1.30-1.71], respectively, rate ratio 0.82 [95% CI 0.67-1.01]; LOD 1.04 [95% CI 0.90-1.23] vs. 1.22 [95% CI 1.05-1.42], rate ratio 0.85 [95% CI 0.68-1.07]). A review of the few cases missed in the passive system in Soweto, suggested that missing key identifiers, such as date of birth, resulted in their omission during the electronic data extraction process. Our analysis suggests that passive surveillance provides a modestly lower estimate of invasive GBS rates compared to real time sentinel-site systematic surveillance, however, this is unlikely to be the reason for the provincial variability in incidence of invasive GBS disease in South Africa. This, possibly reflects that invasive GBS disease goes undiagnosed due to issues related to access to healthcare, poor laboratory capacity and varying diagnostic procedures or empiric antibiotic treatment of neonates with suspected sepsis in the absence of attempting to making a microbiological diagnosis. An efficacious GBS vaccine for pregnant women, when available, could be used as a probe to better quantify the burden of invasive GBS disease in low- middle resourced settings such as ours. From our study passive systems are important to monitor trends over time as long as they are interpreted with caution; active systems give better detailed information and will have greater representivity when expanded to other surveillance sites. C1 [Quan, Vanessa; Cohen, Cheryl; von Gottberg, Anne; Meiring, Susan; Madhi, Shabir A.] Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Verani, Jennifer R.; Schrag, Stephanie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cohen, Cheryl; von Gottberg, Anne] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Cutland, Clare L.; Madhi, Shabir A.] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, MRC, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Madhi, Shabir A.] Natl Res Fdn, Vaccine Preventable Dis, Dept Sci & Technol, Gauteng, South Africa. RP Quan, V (reprint author), Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa.; Quan, V (reprint author), Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Div Publ Hlth Surveillance & Response, Private Bag X4, ZA-2131 Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa. EM vanessaq@nicd.ac.za FU NICD/NHLS; Novartis FX The funding of this study was through NICD/NHLS, but SAM and CLC as well as the Institution received grant support from Novartis. SAM and CLC have been clinical trialists on Novartis- funded GBS vaccine studies. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. This study was not related to the Novartis funding. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 7 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 4 AR e0152524 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0152524 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DI6KO UT WOS:000373608000024 PM 27055184 ER PT J AU Heidebrecht, CL Podewils, LJ Pym, A Mthiyane, T Cohen, T AF Heidebrecht, Christine L. Podewils, Laura J. Pym, Alexander Mthiyane, Thuli Cohen, Ted TI Assessing Local Risk of Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Using Lot Quality Assurance Sampling SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RAPID ASSESSMENT; APPLICABILITY; PREVALENCE AB Background KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) has the highest burden of notified multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB cases in South Africa. A better understanding of spatial heterogeneity in the risk of drug-resistancemay help to prioritize local responses. Methods Between July 2012 and June 2013, we conducted a two-way Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS) study to classify the burden of rifampicin (RIF)-resistant TB among incident TB cases notified within the catchment areas of seven laboratories in two northern and one southern district of KZN. Decision rules for classification of areas as having either a high-or low-risk of RIF resistant TB (based on proportion of RIF resistance among all TB cases) were based on consultation with local policy makers. Results We classified five areas as high-risk and two as low-risk. High-risk areas were identified in both Southern and Northern districts, with the greatest proportion of RIF resistance observed in the northernmost area, the Manguzi community situated on the Mozambique border. Conclusion Our study revealed heterogeneity in the risk of RIF resistant disease among incident TB cases in KZN. This study demonstrates the potential for LQAS to detect geographic heterogeneity in areas where access to drug susceptibility testing is limited. C1 [Heidebrecht, Christine L.] MRC, Clin & Biomed TB Res Unit, Durban, South Africa. [Podewils, Laura J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pym, Alexander] KwaZulu Natal Res Inst TB & HIV, Durban, South Africa. [Mthiyane, Thuli] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Lab Med & Med Sci, Durban, South Africa. [Cohen, Ted] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Microbial Dis, New Haven, CT USA. RP Cohen, T (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Microbial Dis, New Haven, CT USA. EM theodore.cohen@yale.edu OI Pym, Alexander/0000-0002-6260-8180 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5 U51 PS000729-05, PA PS07-006]; South African Medical Research Council [5 U51 PS000729-05, PA PS07-006]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences [NIH U54GM088558] FX This evaluation was supported by a cooperative agreement between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the South African Medical Research Council (Cooperative Agreement 5 U51 PS000729-05, PA PS07-006). TC was supported by NIH U54GM088558 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 6 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 4 AR e0153143 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0153143 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DI6IX UT WOS:000373603500105 PM 27050561 ER PT J AU Abarbanell, GI Honein, M Tepper, N Farr, S AF Abarbanell, Ginnie I. Honein, Margaret Tepper, Naomi Farr, Sherry TI SAFETY OF CONTRACEPTIVE USE AMONG WOMEN WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 65th Annual Scientific Session and Expo of the American-College-of-Cardiology (ACC) CY APR 02-04, 2016 CL Chicago, IL SP Amer Coll Cardiol C1 [Abarbanell, Ginnie I.; Honein, Margaret; Tepper, Naomi; Farr, Sherry] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 EI 1558-3597 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD APR 5 PY 2016 VL 67 IS 13 SU S MA 1145-191 BP 949 EP 949 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA DK8PH UT WOS:000375188701793 ER PT J AU Book, WM John, K Raskind-Hood, C Glidewell, MJ Riehle-Colarusso, T Hogue, C AF Book, Wendy M. John, Katherine Raskind-Hood, Cheryl Glidewell, Melissa Jill Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany Hogue, Carol TI USE OF CAPTURE-RECAPTURE TO ESTIMATE PREVALENCE OF CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS AMONG ADOLESCENTS AND ADULTS IN FIVE ATLANTA, GEORGIA COUNTIES: 2008-2010 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 65th Annual Scientific Session and Expo of the American-College-of-Cardiology (ACC) CY APR 02-04, 2016 CL Chicago, IL SP Amer Coll Cardiol C1 Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disa, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 EI 1558-3597 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD APR 5 PY 2016 VL 67 IS 13 SU S MA 1257-192 BP 998 EP 998 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA DK8PH UT WOS:000375188701842 ER PT J AU Pasquali, SK Jacobs, JP Farber, GK Bertoch, D Blume, ED Burns, KM Campbell, R Chang, AC Chung, WK Riehle-Colarusso, T Curtis, LH Forrest, CB Gaynor, WJ Gaies, MG Go, AS Henchey, P Martin, GR Pearson, G Pemberton, VL Schwartz, SM Vincent, R Kaltman, JR AF Pasquali, Sara K. Jacobs, Jeffrey P. Farber, Gregory K. Bertoch, David Blume, Elizabeth D. Burns, Kristin M. Campbell, Robert Chang, Anthony C. Chung, Wendy K. Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany Curtis, Lesley H. Forrest, Christopher B. Gaynor, William J. Gaies, Michael G. Go, Alan S. Henchey, Paul Martin, Gerard R. Pearson, Gail Pemberton, Victoria L. Schwartz, Steven M. Vincent, Robert Kaltman, Jonathan R. TI Report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group An Integrated Network for Congenital Heart Disease Research SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE database [publication type]; heart diseases; outcome assessment; health care ID LEARNING HEALTH SYSTEM; PEDIATRIC CARDIAC-DISEASE; CLINICAL REGISTRY DATA; INDIRECT IDENTIFIERS; ADMINISTRATIVE DATA; SURGERY; LINKING; OUTCOMES; QUALITY; CARE AB The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened a working group in January 2015 to explore issues related to an integrated data network for congenital heart disease research. The overall goal was to develop a common vision for how the rapidly increasing volumes of data captured across numerous sources can be managed, integrated, and analyzed to improve care and outcomes. This report summarizes the current landscape of congenital heart disease data, data integration methodologies used across other fields, key considerations for data integration models in congenital heart disease, and the short- and long-term vision and recommendations made by the working group. C1 [Pasquali, Sara K.; Gaies, Michael G.] Univ Michigan, CS Mott Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat & Communicable Dis, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Jacobs, Jeffrey P.] Johns Hopkins All Childrens Heart Inst, Dept Surg, St Petersburg, FL USA. [Farber, Gregory K.] NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Bertoch, David] Childrens Hosp Assoc, Overland Pk, KS USA. [Blume, Elizabeth D.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Boston, MA USA. [Burns, Kristin M.; Pearson, Gail; Pemberton, Victoria L.; Kaltman, Jonathan R.] NHLBI, Div Cardiovasc Sci, NIH, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Campbell, Robert; Vincent, Robert] Emory Univ, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Chang, Anthony C.] Childrens Hosp Orange Cty, Dept Pediat, Orange, CA 92668 USA. [Chung, Wendy K.] Columbia Univ, Dept Pediat & Med, New York, NY USA. [Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Curtis, Lesley H.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Forrest, Christopher B.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Pediat, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Gaynor, William J.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Surg, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Go, Alan S.] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Henchey, Paul] ArborMetrix Inc, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Martin, Gerard R.] George Washington Univ, Sch Med, Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC USA. [Schwartz, Steven M.] Hosp Sick Children, Dept Crit Care Med, 555 Univ Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. [Schwartz, Steven M.] Hosp Sick Children, Dept Paediat, 555 Univ Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. [Schwartz, Steven M.] Univ Toronto, Sch Med, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. RP Pasquali, SK (reprint author), Univ Michigan, CS Mott Childrens Hosp, 1540 E Hosp Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM pasquali@med.umich.edu FU NHLBI FX This working group was funded by the NHLBI. The views and conclusions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the NHLBI, the National Institutes of Health, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0009-7322 EI 1524-4539 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD APR 5 PY 2016 VL 133 IS 14 BP 1410 EP 1418 DI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.019506 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA DI1ZE UT WOS:000373294700009 PM 27045129 ER PT J AU Althoff, KN Rebeiro, PF Hanna, DB Padgett, D Horberg, MA Grinsztejn, B Abraham, AG Hogg, R Gill, MJ Wolff, MJ Mayor, A Rachlis, A Williams, C Sterling, TR Kitahata, MM Buchacz, K Thorne, JE Cesar, C Cordero, FM Rourke, SB Sierra-Madero, J Pape, JW Cahn, P McGowan, C AF Althoff, Keri N. Rebeiro, Peter F. Hanna, David B. Padgett, Denis Horberg, Michael A. Grinsztejn, Beatriz Abraham, Alison G. Hogg, Robert Gill, M. John Wolff, Marcelo J. Mayor, Angel Rachlis, Anita Williams, Carolyn Sterling, Timothy R. Kitahata, Mari M. Buchacz, Kate Thorne, Jennifer E. Cesar, Carina Cordero, Fernando M. Rourke, Sean B. Sierra-Madero, Juan Pape, Jean W. Cahn, Pedro McGowan, Catherine CA na-Accord Caribbean Cent South Amer Network TI A picture is worth a thousand words: maps of HIV indicators to inform research, programs, and policy from NA-ACCORD and CCASAnet clinical cohorts SO JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Map; HIV indicators; CD4 T-lymphocyte count; retention in care; antiretroviral therapy; HIV RNA suppression; North America; Central America; South America; implementation science ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; INFECTION; CARE; PREVENTION; STATES AB Introduction: Maps are powerful tools for visualization of differences in health indicators by geographical region, but multicountry maps of HIV indicators do not exist, perhaps due to lack of consistent data across countries. Our objective was to create maps of four HIV indicators in North, Central, and South American countries. Methods: Using data from the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD) and the Caribbean, Central, and South America network for HIV epidemiology (CCASAnet), we mapped median CD4 at presentation for HIV clinical care, proportion retained in HIV primary care, proportion prescribed antiretroviral therapy (ART), and the proportion with suppressed plasma HIV viral load (VL) from 2010 to 2012 for North, Central, and South America. The 15 Canadian and US clinical cohorts and 7 clinical cohorts in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, and Peru represented approximately 2 similar to 7% of persons known to be living with HIV in these countries. Results: Study populations were selected for each indicator: median CD4 at presentation for care was estimated among 14,811 adults; retention was estimated among 87,979 adults; ART use was estimated among 84,757 adults; and suppressed VL was estimated among 51,118 adults. Only three US states and the District of Columbia had a median CD4 at presentation similar to 350 cells/mm(3). Haiti, Mexico, and several states had >85% retention in care; lower (50 74%) retention in care was observed in the US West, South, and Mid-Atlantic, and in Argentina, Brazil, and Peru. ART use was highest (90%) in Mexico. The percentages of patients with suppressed VL in the US South and Northeast were lower than in most of Central and South America. Conclusions: These maps provide visualization of gaps in the quality of HIV care and allow for comparison between and within countries as well as monitoring policy and programme goals within geographical boundaries. C1 [Althoff, Keri N.; Abraham, Alison G.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Rebeiro, Peter F.; Sterling, Timothy R.; McGowan, Catherine] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Med, Nashville, TN USA. [Hanna, David B.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Padgett, Denis] Inst Hondureno Seguridad Social, Infect Dis Serv, Dept Internal Med, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. [Horberg, Michael A.] Kaiser Permanente Mid Atlantic States, Mid Atlantic Permanente Res Inst, Rockville, MD USA. [Grinsztejn, Beatriz] Fiocruz MS, Evandro Chagas Natl Inst Infect Dis, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Hogg, Robert] British Columbia Ctr Excellence HIV AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Gill, M. John] Univ Calgary, Dept Med, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Wolff, Marcelo J.] Univ Chile, Fac Med, Dept Med, Santiago 7, Chile. [Wolff, Marcelo J.] Fdn Arriaran, Santiago, Chile. [Mayor, Angel] Univ Cent Caribe, Dept Internal Med, Bayamon, PR USA. [Rachlis, Anita; Thorne, Jennifer E.] Univ Toronto, Sunnybrook Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Williams, Carolyn] NIAID, Epidemiol, Basic Sci Program, Div Aids, Rockville, MD USA. [Kitahata, Mari M.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Buchacz, Kate] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thorne, Jennifer E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Cesar, Carina; Cahn, Pedro] Fdn Huesped, Invest Clin, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Cordero, Fernando M.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Inst Medicina Trop Alexander von Humboldt, HIV Res Grp, Lima, Peru. [Rourke, Sean B.] Univ Toronto, Dept Psychiat, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Sierra-Madero, Juan] Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, Dept Infectol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Pape, Jean W.] Grp Haitien Etud Sarcome Kaposi & Infect Opportun, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Pape, Jean W.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Med, New York, NY USA. RP Althoff, KN (reprint author), 615 N Wolfe St,Rm E7142, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM kalthoff@jhu.edu OI Mayor, Angel M./0000-0002-7705-837X; Rebeiro, Peter/0000-0003-1951-9104; Hogg, Robert/0000-0003-3463-5488; Justice, Amy/0000-0003-0139-5502 FU National Institutes of Health, USA [P30-AI094189, P30-AI27757, P30-AI27767, P30-AI036219, P30-AI50410, P30-AI54999, P30-MH62246, R01-AA16893, R01-CA165937, R01-DA04334, R01-DA11602, R01-DA12568, R24-AI067039, R56-AI102622, Z01-CP010214, Z01-CP010176]; Center's for Disease Control and Prevention, USA [CDC200-2006-18797]; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, USA [90047713]; Health Resources and Services Administration, USA [90051652]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Canada [TGF-96118, HCP-97105, CBR-86906, CBR-94036]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) New Investigator award; Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care; Government of Alberta, Canada; Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health; [U01-AI69434]; [U01-DA036935]; [U01-HD32632]; [U10-EY08052]; [U10-EY08057]; [U10-EY08067]; [U24-AA020794]; [U54-MD007587]; [UL1-RR024131]; [UL1-TR000083]; [F31-DA037788]; [F31-DA030254]; [G12-MD007583]; [K01-AI071754]; [K01-AI093197]; [K23-EY013707]; [K24-DA00432]; [K24-AI065298]; [KL2-TR000421]; [MO1-RR-00052]; [N02-CP55504]; [P30-AI027763]; [U01-AI069918]; [U01-AA013566]; [U01-AA020790]; [U01-AI31834]; [U01-AI34989]; [U01-AI34993]; [U01-AI34994]; [U01-AI35004]; [U01-AI35039]; [U01-AI35040]; [U01-AI35041]; [U01-AI35042]; [UM1-AI35043]; [U01-AI37613]; [U01-AI37984]; [U01AI38855]; [U01-AI38858]; [U01-AI42590]; [U01-AI68634]; [U01-AI68636]; [U01-AI69432] FX The NA-ACCORD and collaborating cohorts were supported by grants U01-AI069918, U01-AA013566, U01-AA020790, U01-AI31834, U01-AI34989, U01-AI34993, U01-AI34994, U01-AI35004, U01-AI35039, U01-AI35040, U01-AI35041, U01-AI35042, UM1-AI35043, U01-AI37613, U01-AI37984, U01AI38855, U01-AI38858, U01-AI42590, U01-AI68634, U01-AI68636, U01-AI69432, U01-AI69434, U01-DA036935, U01-HD32632, U10-EY08052, U10-EY08057, U10-EY08067, U24-AA020794, U54-MD007587, UL1-RR024131, UL1-TR000083, F31-DA037788, F31-DA030254, G12-MD007583, K01-AI071754, K01-AI093197, K23-EY013707, K24-DA00432, K24-AI065298, KL2-TR000421, MO1-RR-00052, N02-CP55504, P30-AI027763, P30-AI094189, P30-AI27757, P30-AI27767, P30-AI036219, P30-AI50410, P30-AI54999, P30-MH62246, R01-AA16893, R01-CA165937, R01-DA04334, R01-DA11602, R01-DA12568, R24-AI067039, R56-AI102622, Z01-CP010214, and Z01-CP010176 from the National Institutes of Health, USA; contract CDC200-2006-18797 from the Center's for Disease Control and Prevention, USA; contract 90047713 from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, USA; contract 90051652 from the Health Resources and Services Administration, USA; grants TGF-96118, HCP-97105, CBR-86906, CBR-94036 from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) New Investigator award (A. Burchell); Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care; and the Government of Alberta, Canada. Additional support was provided by the Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute, and National Institutes of Health. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT AIDS SOCIETY PI GENEVA PA AVENUE DE FRANCE 23, GENEVA, 1202, SWITZERLAND SN 1758-2652 J9 J INT AIDS SOC JI J. Int. AIDS Soc. PD APR 4 PY 2016 VL 19 AR 20707 DI 10.7448/IAS.19.1.20707 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DM2JY UT WOS:000376174100001 PM 27049052 ER PT J AU Kamiya, H Cho, BH Messonnier, ML Clark, TA Liang, JL AF Kamiya, Hajime Cho, Bo-Hyun Messonnier, Mark L. Clark, Thomas A. Liang, Jennifer L. TI Impact and cost-effectiveness of a second tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine dose to prevent pertussis in the United States SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Pertussis; Cost-effectiveness; Tdap; Revaccination; Adolescent; Adult ID ANTIGEN-CONTENT DIPHTHERIA; YOUNG-ADULTS; ADOLESCENTS; RECOMMENDATIONS; BOOSTRIX(TM); POPULATION; COVERAGE AB Introduction: The United States experienced a substantial increase in reported pertussis cases over the last decade. Since 2005, persons 11 years and older have been routinely recommended to receive a single dose of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine. The objective of this analysis was to evaluate the potential impact and cost-effectiveness of recommending a second dose of Tdap. Methods: A static cohort model was used to calculate the epidemiologic and economic impact of adding a second dose of Tdap at age 16 or 21 years. Projected costs and outcomes were examined from a societal perspective over a 20-year period. Quality-adjusted Life Years (QALY) saved were calculated. Results: Using baseline pertussis incidence from the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System, Tdap revaccination at either age 16 or 21 years would reduce outpatient visits by 433 (5%) and 285 (4%), and hospitalization cases by 7 (7%) and 5 (5%), respectively. The costs per QALY saved with a second dose of Tdap were approximately US $19.7 million (16 years) and $26.2 million (21 years). In sensitivity analyses, incidence most influenced the model; as incidence increased, the costs per QALY decreased. To a lesser degree, initial vaccine effectiveness and waning of effectiveness also affected cost outcomes. Multivariate sensitivity analyses showed that under a set of optimistic assumptions, the cost per QALY saved would be approximately $163,361 (16 years) and $204,556 (21 years). Conclusion: A second dose ofTdap resulted in a slight decrease in the number of cases and other outcomes, and that trend is more apparent when revaccinating at age 16 years than at age 21 years. Both revaccination strategies had high dollar per QALY saved even under optimistic assumptions in a multivariate sensitivity analysis. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kamiya, Hajime] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kamiya, Hajime; Liang, Jennifer L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kamiya, Hajime] Natl Inst Infect Dis, Shinjyuku Ku, 1-23-1 Toyama, Tokyo 1628640, Japan. [Cho, Bo-Hyun; Messonnier, Mark L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Assessment Branch, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Clark, Thomas A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Field Support Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Liang, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM hakamiya@nih.go.jp; JLiang@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 4 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 15 BP 1832 EP 1838 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.02.027 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DJ4SM UT WOS:000374198300015 PM 26899377 ER PT J AU Laks, J Wilson, LA Khandelwal, C Footman, E Jamison, M Roberts, E AF Laks, Jordana Wilson, Lindsay A. Khandelwal, Christine Footman, Eleni Jamison, Margaret Roberts, Ellen TI Service-Learning in Communities of Elders (SLICE): Development and Evaluation of an Introductory Geriatrics Course for Medical Students SO TEACHING AND LEARNING IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE geriatrics education; medical students; service-learning ID COMPETENCES; CURRICULUM; ATTITUDES; EDUCATION; HEALTH; TEACH AB Problem: Medical students have limited exposure to Geriatrics in their traditional training. Service-learning offers students the opportunity to engage with older adult communities and become more comfortable interacting with this population. Intervention: A preclinical elective course was developed to expand medical students' experiences in Geriatrics through service-learning. In this course, students conducted needs assessments in diverse older adult communities, created health education projects to address community-identified needs, and reflected on their experiences through written assignments and presentations. The course instructor presented lectures on special topics in Geriatrics, including ageism and health literacy. The curriculum aimed to familiarize students with older adults' needs in a variety of settings. Context: Over 3years, 74 students participated in the service-learning course. Students were assigned to older adult community sites, where they conducted needs assessments and designed and implemented original educational projects targeting community concerns. Program evaluation methods included a validated survey assessing students' attitudes toward older adults, course evaluations, review of student assignments and projects, and feedback from older adult participants and site coordinators. Outcome: Students gained hands-on experience working with older adults and designing appropriate health education projects. Analysis of attitude surveys demonstrated students' increased interest in Geriatrics as a career. Both students and older adult participants described enjoyable, valuable experiences gained from service-learning activities. Lessons Learned: Students appreciated the combination of community and classroom learning about Geriatrics. Service-learning was most constructive at sites with responsive coordinators, engaged older adults, and a need for health education resources. The course challenged students to assess health needs in communities that included cognitively impaired elders and to design educational projects tailored to older adults. C1 [Laks, Jordana] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Wilson, Lindsay A.; Roberts, Ellen] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Div Geriatr Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Khandelwal, Christine] Hosp Lake Cty, Raleigh, NC USA. [Footman, Eleni] Fairfax Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Fairfax, VA USA. [Jamison, Margaret] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Wilson, LA (reprint author), UNC, Sch Med, Ctr Aging & Hlth, Div Geriatr Med, 5003 Old Clin,CB 7550, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM lindsay.wilson@unchealth.unc.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1040-1334 EI 1532-8015 J9 TEACH LEARN MED JI Teach. Learn. Med. PD APR 2 PY 2016 VL 28 IS 2 BP 210 EP 218 DI 10.1080/10401334.2016.1146602 PG 9 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA DJ1BH UT WOS:000373937600011 PM 27064723 ER PT J AU DeSisto, CL McDonald, JA Rochat, R Diaz-Apodaca, BA Declercq, E AF DeSisto, Carla L. McDonald, Jill A. Rochat, Roger Diaz-Apodaca, Beatriz A. Declercq, Eugene TI Decision Making About Method of Delivery on the U.S.-Mexico Border SO HEALTH CARE FOR WOMEN INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID CESAREAN DELIVERY; NULLIPAROUS WOMEN; SECTION; RISK; INDUCTION; RATES; LABOR; TERM; OUTCOMES; REQUEST AB We explored how low-risk, nulliparous pregnant women and their doctors in two contiguous U.S.-Mexico border communities communicate about methods of delivery and how they perceive that the delivery method decision is made. We recruited 18 women through obstetricians in El Paso, Texas (n = 10), and prenatal care providers in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico (n = 8). We observed prenatal care visits, interviewed women prenatally and postpartum, and interviewed the El Paso obstetricians. Qualitative analysis demonstrated that birthing decisions are complex and involve multiple influences, including women's level of knowledge about birth, doctor-patient communication, and women's participation in decision making. C1 [DeSisto, Carla L.; Rochat, Roger] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [McDonald, Jill A.] New Mexico State Univ, Coll Hlth & Social Serv, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [McDonald, Jill A.] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Diaz-Apodaca, Beatriz A.] Autonomous Univ Ciudad Juarez, Inst Biomed Sci, Dept Hlth Sci, Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. [Declercq, Eugene] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Community Hlth Sci, Boston, MA USA. RP DeSisto, CL (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM Carla.desisto@gmail.com FU Health Resources and Services Administration Graduate Student Epidemiology Program FX This study was supported in part by funding from the Health Resources and Services Administration Graduate Student Epidemiology Program. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0739-9332 EI 1096-4665 J9 HEALTH CARE WOMEN IN JI Health Care Women Int. PD APR 2 PY 2016 VL 37 IS 4 BP 426 EP 443 DI 10.1080/07399332.2014.971951 PG 18 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies GA DG9PL UT WOS:000372416200005 PM 25364879 ER PT J AU Thienkrua, W Todd, CS Chaikummao, S Sukwicha, W Yafant, S Tippanont, N Varangrat, A Khlaimanee, P Sirivongrangson, P Holtz, TH AF Thienkrua, Warunee Todd, Catherine S. Chaikummao, Supaporn Sukwicha, Wichuda Yafant, Somsak Tippanont, Narongritt Varangrat, Anchalee Khlaimanee, Pechpailin Sirivongrangson, Pachara Holtz, Timothy H. TI Lubricant Use Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Reporting Anal Intercourse in Bangkok, Thailand: Impact of HIV Status and Implications for Prevention SO JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY LA English DT Article DE Anal intercourse; prevention; HIV; Thailand; lubricant; Bangkok; men who have sex with men ID RECTAL-MICROBICIDES; PERU IMPLICATIONS; RISK BEHAVIOR; INFECTION; PREVALENCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; TRANSMISSION; METAANALYSIS; COMMUNITIES; PROVINCE AB This analysis measures prevalence and correlates of consistent lubricant use among a cohort of Thai men who have sex with men (MSM). Lubricant use was queried at the 12-month follow-up visit. Consistent lubricant use was evaluated with logistic regression. Consistent lubricant use was reported by 77.0% of men and was associated with consistent condom use with casual partners, while binge drinking, payment for sex, and inconsistent condom use with casual, and steady, partners were negatively associated. Though consistent lubricant use is common among this Thai MSM cohort, further promotion is needed with MSM engaging in risky sexual practices. C1 [Thienkrua, Warunee; Todd, Catherine S.; Chaikummao, Supaporn; Sukwicha, Wichuda; Yafant, Somsak; Tippanont, Narongritt; Varangrat, Anchalee; Khlaimanee, Pechpailin; Holtz, Timothy H.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, HIV STD Res Program, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Todd, Catherine S.] FHI360 Asia Pacific Reg Off, Bangkok, Thailand. [Sirivongrangson, Pachara] Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Dis Control, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Holtz, Timothy H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Thienkrua, W (reprint author), Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, DDC7 Bldg,4th floor, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM hpx8@cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0091-8369 EI 1540-3602 J9 J HOMOSEXUAL JI J. Homosex. PD APR 2 PY 2016 VL 63 IS 4 BP 507 EP 521 DI 10.1080/00918369.2015.1088319 PG 15 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Psychology; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA DG5NI UT WOS:000372124700003 PM 26322804 ER PT J AU Roberge, RJ AF Roberge, Raymond J. TI Face shields for infection control: A review SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Review DE regulations; proper use; infection control; Face shields; guidance AB Face shields are personal protective equipment devices that are used by many workers (e.g., medical, dental, veterinary) for protection of the facial area and associated mucous membranes (eyes, nose, mouth) from splashes, sprays, and spatter of body fluids. Face shields are generally not used alone, but in conjunction with other protective equipment and are therefore classified as adjunctive personal protective equipment. Although there are millions of potential users of face shields, guidelines for their use vary between governmental agencies and professional societies and little research is available regarding their efficacy. C1 [Roberge, Raymond J.] NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Roberge, RJ (reprint author), Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM dtn0@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD APR 2 PY 2016 VL 13 IS 4 BP 239 EP 246 DI 10.1080/15459624.2015.1095302 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DE5OA UT WOS:000370679600001 PM 26558413 ER PT J AU Schnall, R Rojas, M Bakken, S Brown, W Carballo-Dieguez, A Carry, M Gelaude, D Mosley, JP Travers, J AF Schnall, Rebecca Rojas, Marlene Bakken, Suzanne Brown, William, III Carballo-Dieguez, Alex Carry, Monique Gelaude, Deborah Mosley, Jocelyn Patterson Travers, Jasmine TI A user-centered model for designing consumer mobile health (mHealth) applications (apps) SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE mHealth; HIV; MSM; Mobile apps; Design science; User-centered ID INFORMATION-TECHNOLOGY; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; SELF-MANAGEMENT; HIV PREVENTION; NEEDS; INTERVENTIONS; CONTINUITY; RECORD; FOCUS AB Background: Mobile technologies are a useful platform for the delivery of health behavior interventions. Yet little work has been done to create a rigorous and standardized process for the design of mobile health (mHealth) apps. This project sought to explore the use of the Information Systems Research (ISR) framework as guide for the design of mHealth apps. Methods: Our work was guided by the ISR framework which is comprised of 3 cycles: Relevance, Rigor and Design. In the Relevance cycle, we conducted 5 focus groups with 33 targeted end-users. In the Rigor cycle, we performed a review to identify technology-based interventions for meeting the health prevention needs of our target population. In the Design Cycle, we employed usability evaluation methods to iteratively develop and refine mock-ups for a mHealth app. Results: Through an iterative process, we identified barriers and facilitators to the use of mHealth technology for HIV prevention for high-risk MSM, developed 'use cases' and identified relevant functional content and features for inclusion in a design document to guide future app development. Findings from our work support the use of the ISR framework as a guide for designing future mHealth apps. Discussion: Results from this work provide detailed descriptions of the user-centered design and system development and have heuristic value for those venturing into the area of technology-based intervention work. Findings from this study support the use of the ISR framework as a guide for future mHealth app development. Conclusion: Use of the ISR framework is a potentially useful approach for the design of a mobile app that incorporates end-users' design preferences. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Schnall, Rebecca; Rojas, Marlene; Bakken, Suzanne; Travers, Jasmine] Columbia Univ, Sch Nursing, 617 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Brown, William, III; Carballo-Dieguez, Alex] NYS Psychiat Inst, HIV Ctr, Div Gender Sexual & Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Brown, William, III; Carballo-Dieguez, Alex] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Bakken, Suzanne; Brown, William, III] Columbia Univ, Dept Biomed Informat, New York, NY USA. [Carry, Monique; Gelaude, Deborah; Mosley, Jocelyn Patterson] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schnall, R (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Sch Nursing, 617 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM rb897@columbia.edu RI Emchi, Karma/Q-1952-2016; OI Schnall, Rebecca/0000-0003-2184-4045 FU Columbia University School of Nursing; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [1U01PS00371501] FX This publication was supported by a cooperative agreement between Columbia University School of Nursing and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; 1U01PS00371501; PI: R Schnall). The findings and conclusion in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1532-0464 EI 1532-0480 J9 J BIOMED INFORM JI J. Biomed. Inform. PD APR PY 2016 VL 60 BP 243 EP 251 DI 10.1016/j.jbi.2016.02.002 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Medical Informatics GA DX9HL UT WOS:000384704100025 PM 26903153 ER PT J AU Njamkepo, E Fawal, N Tran-Dien, A Hawkey, J Strockbine, N Jenkins, C Talukder, KA Bercion, R Kuleshov, K Kolinska, R Russell, JE Kaftyreva, L Accou-Demartin, M Karas, A Vandenberg, O Mather, AE Mason, CJ Page, AJ Ramamurthy, T Bizet, C Gamian, A Carle, I Sow, AG Bouchier, C Wester, AL Lejay-Collin, M Fonkoua, MC Le Hello, S Blaser, MJ Jernberg, C Ruckly, C Merens, A Page, AL Aslett, M Roggentin, P Fruth, A Denamur, E Venkatesan, M Bercovier, H Bodhidatta, L Chiou, CS Clermont, D Colonna, B Egorova, S Pazhani, GP Ezernitchi, AV Guigon, G Harris, SR Izumiya, H Korzeniowska-Kowal, A Lutynska, A Gouali, M Grimont, F Langendorf, C Marejkova, M Peterson, LAM Perez-Perez, G Ngandjio, A Podkolzin, A Souche, E Makarova, M Shipulin, GA Ye, CY Zemlickova, H Herpay, M Grimont, PAD Parkhill, J Sansonetti, P Holt, KE Brisse, S Thomson, NR Weill, FX AF Njamkepo, Elisabeth Fawal, Nizar Tran-Dien, Alicia Hawkey, Jane Strockbine, Nancy Jenkins, Claire Talukder, Kaisar A. Bercion, Raymond Kuleshov, Konstantin Kolinska, Renata Russell, Julie E. Kaftyreva, Lidia Accou-Demartin, Marie Karas, Andreas Vandenberg, Olivier Mather, Alison E. Mason, Carl J. Page, Andrew J. Ramamurthy, Thandavarayan Bizet, Chantal Gamian, Andrzej Carle, Isabelle Sow, Amy Gassama Bouchier, Christiane Wester, Astrid Louise Lejay-Collin, Monique Fonkoua, Marie-Christine Le Hello, Simon Blaser, Martin J. Jernberg, Cecilia Ruckly, Corinne Merens, Audrey Page, Anne-Laure Aslett, Martin Roggentin, Peter Fruth, Angelika Denamur, Erick Venkatesan, Malabi Bercovier, Herve Bodhidatta, Ladaporn Chiou, Chien-Shun Clermont, Dominique Colonna, Bianca Egorova, Svetlana Pazhani, Gururaja P. Ezernitchi, Analia V. Guigon, Ghislaine Harris, Simon R. Izumiya, Hidemasa Korzeniowska-Kowal, Agnieszka Lutynska, Anna Gouali, Malika Grimont, Francine Langendorf, Celine Marejkova, Monika Peterson, Lorea A. M. Perez-Perez, Guillermo Ngandjio, Antoinette Podkolzin, Alexander Souche, Erika Makarova, Mariia Shipulin, German A. Ye, Changyun Zemlickova, Helena Herpay, Mria Grimont, Patrick A. D. Parkhill, Julian Sansonetti, Philippe Holt, Kathryn E. Brisse, Sylvain Thomson, Nicholas R. Weill, Francois-Xavier TI Global phylogeography and evolutionary history of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 SO NATURE MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; PATHOGENICITY ISLAND; INTERACTIVE TREE; RESISTANCE GENES; PLASMIDS; SALMONELLA; ANNOTATION; SEQUENCES AB Together with plague, smallpox and typhus, epidemics of dysentery have been a major scourge of human populations for centuries(1). A previous genomic study concluded that Shigella dysenteriae type 1 (Sd1), the epidemic dysentery bacillus, emerged and spread worldwide after the First World War, with no clear pattern of transmission(2). This is not consistent with the massive cyclic dysentery epidemics reported in Europe during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries(1,3,4) and the first isolation of Sd1 in Japan in 1897(5). Here, we report a whole-genome analysis of 331 Sd1 isolates from around the world, collected between 1915 and 2011, providing us with unprecedented insight into the historical spread of this pathogen. We show here that Sd1 has existed since at least the eighteenth century and that it swept the globe at the end of the nineteenth century, diversifying into distinct lineages associated with the First World War, Second World War and various conflicts or natural disasters across Africa, Asia and Central America. We also provide a unique historical perspective on the evolution of antibiotic resistance over a 100-year period, beginning decades before the antibiotic era, and identify a prevalent multiple antibiotic-resistant lineage in South Asia that was transmitted in several waves to Africa, where it caused severe outbreaks of disease. C1 [Njamkepo, Elisabeth; Fawal, Nizar; Tran-Dien, Alicia; Accou-Demartin, Marie; Carle, Isabelle; Lejay-Collin, Monique; Le Hello, Simon; Ruckly, Corinne; Gouali, Malika; Grimont, Francine; Grimont, Patrick A. D.; Weill, Francois-Xavier] Inst Pasteur, Unite Bacteries Pathogenes Enter, F-75724 Paris 15, France. [Hawkey, Jane; Holt, Kathryn E.] Univ Melbourne, Ctr Syst Genom, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Hawkey, Jane; Holt, Kathryn E.] Univ Melbourne, Mol Sci & Biotechnol Inst Bio21, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Hawkey, Jane] Univ Melbourne, Sch Agr & Vet Sci, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Strockbine, Nancy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Escherichia & Shigella Reference Unit, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jenkins, Claire] Publ Hlth England, Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, Colindale NW9 5HT, England. [Talukder, Kaisar A.] Icddr B, Enter & Food Microbiol Lab, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. [Bercion, Raymond] Inst Pasteur, BP 923, Bangui, Cent Afr Republ. [Bercion, Raymond; Sow, Amy Gassama] Inst Pasteur, BP 220, Dakar, Senegal. [Kuleshov, Konstantin; Podkolzin, Alexander; Shipulin, German A.] Cent Res Inst Epidemiol, Fed Budget Inst Sci, Moscow 111123, Russia. [Kolinska, Renata; Zemlickova, Helena] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, CNCTC, Prague 10, Czech Republic. [Russell, Julie E.] Publ Hlth England, Natl Collect Type Cultures, Porton Down SP4 0JG, England. [Kaftyreva, Lidia; Egorova, Svetlana; Makarova, Mariia] Pasteur Inst St Petersburg, St Petersburg 197101, Russia. [Karas, Andreas] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Dept Med Microbiol, ZA-4041 Durban, South Africa. [Vandenberg, Olivier] Brussels Univ Hosp Lab, Dept Microbiol, LHUB ULB, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. [Vandenberg, Olivier] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sch Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Res Ctr, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium. [Mather, Alison E.; Page, Andrew J.; Aslett, Martin; Harris, Simon R.; Parkhill, Julian; Thomson, Nicholas R.; Weill, Francois-Xavier] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. [Mather, Alison E.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Vet Med, Cambridge CB3 0ES, England. [Mason, Carl J.; Bodhidatta, Ladaporn] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Ramamurthy, Thandavarayan; Pazhani, Gururaja P.] NICED, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India. [Bizet, Chantal; Clermont, Dominique] Inst Pasteur, CIP, F-75724 Paris 15, France. [Gamian, Andrzej; Korzeniowska-Kowal, Agnieszka] Inst Immunol & Expt Therapy, Polish Collect Microorganisms, PL-53114 Wroclaw, Poland. [Bouchier, Christiane] Inst Pasteur, Plate Forme Genom PF1, F-75724 Paris 15, France. [Wester, Astrid Louise] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Foodborne Infect, N-0403 Oslo, Norway. [Fonkoua, Marie-Christine; Ngandjio, Antoinette] Ctr Pasteur Cameroun, BP 1274, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Blaser, Martin J.; Perez-Perez, Guillermo] NYU, Langone Med Ctr, Dept Med, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Blaser, Martin J.; Perez-Perez, Guillermo] NYU, Langone Med Ctr, Dept Microbiol, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Jernberg, Cecilia] Publ Hlth Agcy Sweden, S-17182 Solna, Sweden. [Merens, Audrey] Begin Mil Hosp, Dept Biol, F-94160 St Mande, France. [Merens, Audrey] Begin Mil Hosp, Infect Control Unit, F-94160 St Mande, France. [Page, Anne-Laure; Langendorf, Celine] Epicentre, F-75011 Paris, France. [Roggentin, Peter] Inst Hyg & Umwelt, D-20539 Hamburg, Germany. [Fruth, Angelika] Robert Koch Inst, Div Enteropathogen Bacteria & Legionella, D-38855 Wernigerode, Germany. [Denamur, Erick] Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, INSERM, IAME,UMR 1137, F-75018 Paris, France. [Venkatesan, Malabi] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Bacterial Dis Branch, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Bercovier, Herve] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Fac Med, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. [Chiou, Chien-Shun] Ctr Dis Control, Ctr Res & Diagnost, Taichung 40855, Taiwan. [Colonna, Bianca] Sapienza Univ Roma, Dipartimento Biol & Biotecnol C Darwin, Inst Pasteur Fdn Cenci Bolognetti, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Ezernitchi, Analia V.] Minist Hlth, Cent Labs, IL-91342 Jerusalem, Israel. [Guigon, Ghislaine; Brisse, Sylvain] Inst Pasteur, Genotyping Pathogens & Publ Hlth Platform, F-75724 Paris 15, France. [Izumiya, Hidemasa] Natl Inst Infect Dis, Dept Bacteriol 1, Tokyo 1628640, Japan. [Lutynska, Anna] Natl Inst Hyg, Natl Publ Hlth Inst, Dept Sera & Vaccines Evaluat, PL-00791 Warsaw, Poland. [Marejkova, Monika] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Natl Reference Lab E Coli and Shigella, Prague 10, Czech Republic. [Peterson, Lorea A. M.] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada. [Souche, Erika] Inst Pasteur, Bioinformat Platform, F-75724 Paris 15, France. [Ye, Changyun] China CDC, Natl Inst Communicable Dis Control & Prevent, State Key Lab Infect Dis Prevent & Control, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. [Zemlickova, Helena] Charles Univ Prague, Dept Clin Microbiol, Fac Med, Hradec Kralove 50005, Czech Republic. [Zemlickova, Helena] Charles Univ Prague, Univ Hosp, Hradec Kralove 50005, Czech Republic. [Herpay, Mria] Natl Ctr Epidemiol, Hungarian Natl Collect Med Bacteria, H-1097 Budapest, Hungary. [Sansonetti, Philippe] Inst Pasteur, Unite Pathogenie Microbienne Mol, F-75724 Paris 15, France. [Brisse, Sylvain] Inst Pasteur, Microbial Evolutionary Genom Unit, F-75724 Paris 15, France. [Brisse, Sylvain] CNRS, UMR 3525, F-75015 Paris, France. [Thomson, Nicholas R.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1E 7HT, England. EM fxweill@pasteur.fr OI Hawkey, Jane/0000-0001-9661-5293; Grimont, Patrick/0000-0002-6264-136X; Perez Perez, Guillermo /0000-0002-0131-5798; Korzeniowska-Kowal, Agnieszka/0000-0001-7569-8018 FU Institut Pasteur; Institut Pasteur International Network; Institut de Veille Sanitaire; French government's Investissement d'Avenir programme, Laboratoire d'Excellence 'Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases' [ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID]; Fondation 'Le Roch-Les Mousquetaires'; Canetti family through the Georges, Jacques et Elias Canetti Award; Wellcome Trust [098051]; NHMRC of Australia [1061409]; Victorian Life Sciences Computation Initiative (VLSCI) [VR0082]; Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India FX This study was supported by the Institut Pasteur and the Institut Pasteur International Network, the Institut de Veille Sanitaire, the French government's Investissement d'Avenir programme, Laboratoire d'Excellence 'Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases' (grant no. ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), the Fondation 'Le Roch-Les Mousquetaires', the Canetti family through the Georges, Jacques et Elias Canetti Award 2013, the Wellcome Trust through grant 098051 to the Sanger Institute, the NHMRC of Australia (grant 1061409 to K.E.H), the Victorian Life Sciences Computation Initiative (VLSCI) (grant VR0082) and the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India. The authors thank A. Dautry-Versat, A.P. Pugsley, C. Brechot and J. Savall fur their support; T. Hieu, C. Soto, E. Bourreterre and B. Faye for technical assistance; Z. Szabo, D. Tremblay for providing isolates; L.R. Hiltzik, N. Baldwin and C. Mackenzie for their searches of the archives; M. Toucas, H. d'Hauteville, E. Aldova, S. Formal, and A.T. Maurelli for information about isolates; D. Nedelec for discussion, I. Gut, M. Gut, L. Ma, D. Harris, K. Oliver and the sequencing teams at the Institut Pasteur and Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute for sequencing the samples. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not reflect the views of the US Department of the Army or Department of Defense. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 11 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND EI 2058-5276 J9 NAT MICROBIOL JI NAT. MICROBIOL PD APR PY 2016 VL 1 IS 4 AR UNSP 16027 DI 10.1038/NMICROBIOL.2016.27 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DW4HY UT WOS:000383605000006 PM 27572446 ER PT J AU Gibson, DG Kagucia, W Ochieng, B Hariharan, N Obor, D Moulton, LH Winch, PJ Levine, OS Odhiambo, F O'Brien, KL Feikin, DR AF Gibson, Dustin G. Kagucia, Wangeci Ochieng, Benard Hariharan, Nisha Obor, David Moulton, Lawrence H. Winch, Peter J. Levine, Orin S. Odhiambo, Frank O'Brien, Katherine L. Feikin, Daniel R. TI The Mobile Solutions for Immunization (M-SIMU) Trial: A Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial That Assesses the Impact of Mobile Phone Delivered Reminders and Travel Subsidies to Improve Childhood Immunization Coverage Rates and Timeliness in Western Kenya SO JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS LA English DT Article DE text message; reminders; SMS; M-PESA; Kenya; mobile; conditional cash transfer; CCT; incentive; measles; mHealth; immunization; pentavalent ID CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFERS; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; HEALTH; INTERVENTION; POPULATION; INCENTIVES; PERTUSSIS; VACCINES; INFANTS; PROGRAM AB Background: Text message (short message service, SMS) reminders and incentives are two demand-side interventions that have been shown to improve health care-seeking behaviors by targeting participant characteristics such as forgetfulness, lack of knowledge, and transport costs. Applying these interventions to routine pediatric immunizations may improve vaccination coverage and timeliness. Objective: The Mobile Solutions for Immunization (M-SIMU) trial aims to determine if text message reminders, either with or without mobile phone-based incentives, sent to infant's parents can improve immunization coverage and timeliness of routine pediatric vaccines in rural western Kenya. Methods: This is a four-arm, cluster, randomized controlled trial. Villages are randomized to one of four study arms prior to enrollment of participants. The study arms are: (1) no intervention (a general health-related text message will be texted to this group at the time of enrollment), (2) text message reminders only, (3) text message reminders and a 75 Kenyan Shilling (KES) incentive, or (4) text message reminders and a KES200 incentive. Participants assigned to study arms 2-4 will receive two text message reminders; sent 3 days before and one day before the scheduled immunization visit at 6, 10, and 14 weeks for polio and pentavalent (containing diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B, and Haemophilus influenza type b antigens) type b antigens) vaccines, and at 9 months for measles vaccine. Participants in incentive arms will, in addition to text message reminders as above, receive mobile phone-based incentives after each timely vaccination, where timely is defined as vaccination within 2 weeks of the scheduled date for each of the four routine expanded program immunization (EPI) vaccination visits. Mother-infant pairs will be followed to 12 months of age where the primary outcome, a fully immunized child, will be ascertained. A fully immunized child is defined as a child receiving vaccines for bacille Calmette-Guerin, three doses of pentavalent and polio, and measles by 12 months of age. General estimating equation (GEE) models that account for clustering will be employed for primary outcome analyses. Results: Enrollment was completed in October 2014. Twelve month follow-up visits to ascertain immunization status from the maternal and child health booklet were completed in February 2016. Conclusions: This is one of the first studies to examine the effect of text message reminders on immunization coverage and timeliness in a lower income country and is the first study to assess the effect of mobile money-based incentives to improve immunization coverage. C1 [Gibson, Dustin G.; Kagucia, Wangeci; Hariharan, Nisha; Moulton, Lawrence H.; Winch, Peter J.; Levine, Orin S.; O'Brien, Katherine L.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Ochieng, Benard; Obor, David; Odhiambo, Frank] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Hlth & Demog Surveillance Syst Branch, Kisian, Kenya. [Ochieng, Benard; Obor, David; Odhiambo, Frank] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Publ Hlth Collaborat, Kisian, Kenya. [Feikin, Daniel R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gibson, DG (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM dgibso28@jhu.edu RI Emchi, Karma/Q-1952-2016; OI Gibson, Dustin/0000-0002-9073-3376 NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 6 PU JMIR PUBLICATIONS, INC PI TORONTO PA 59 WINNERS CIRCLE, TORONTO, ON M4L 3Y7, CANADA SN 1929-0748 J9 JMIR RES PROTOC JI JMIR RES. Protoc. PD APR-JUN PY 2016 VL 5 IS 2 AR e72 DI 10.2196/resprot.5030 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA DT1AH UT WOS:000381213600022 PM 27189422 ER PT J AU Beaulieu, BA Irish, SR AF Beaulieu, Brooke A. Irish, Seth R. TI Literature review of the causes, treatment, and prevention of dermatitis linearis SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE Dermatitis linearis; Paederus; Nairobi fly ID FUSCIPES COLEOPTERA STAPHYLINIDAE; PAEDERUS DERMATITIS; BEETLE DERMATITIS; DISPERSAL; OUTBREAK AB Background: Dermatitis linearis is a skin condition that affects both local populations and travelers alike. Dermatitis linearis is caused by some beetles within the subtribe Paederina and manifests as painful lesions, blisters and intense itching. Though outbreaks are widespread, the condition as a whole still remains relatively unknown. Methods: An extensive search of the existing Paederus literature was conducting in order to elucidate relevant information regarding the occurrence of outbreaks, seasonality, exposure and symptom onset, and management of dermatitis linearis. Special consideration was given to behavioral and environmental factors. Results: Epidemics of dermatitis linearis are most commonly observed during the rainy season or after particularly hot and humid weather patterns. Symptom onset is typically delayed 6-48 h after exposure. The most common symptoms are stinging, burning and itching, with later development of erythematous plaques and blisters. Though symptoms of dermatitis linearis resolve spontaneously, wet compresses, antihistamines and topical steroid ointments and lotions are recommended to alleviate symptoms. Conclusions: Dermatitis linearis in travelers and local populations can be prevented through minimizing or modifying sources of artificial light, using pesticide-treated nets near beds and lights, general housekeeping and vegetation maintenance, and by raising awareness regarding the conditions caused by Paederus. C1 [Beaulieu, Brooke A.] Georgia State Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. [Irish, Seth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, Dept Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Irish, SR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, Dept Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM xjs7@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1195-1982 EI 1708-8305 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD APR PY 2016 VL 23 IS 4 AR taw032 DI 10.1093/jtm/taw032 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DV9JA UT WOS:000383255500014 ER PT J AU Bailey, SBC AF Bailey, Stephanie B. C. TI Zika: What Caused It? We Will Know When the Work is Done SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHILDBIRTH EDUCATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Bailey, Stephanie B. C.] Tennessee State Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. [Bailey, Stephanie B. C.] CDC, Publ Hlth Practice, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bailey, Stephanie B. C.] Metropolitan Nashville Davidson Cty, Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. RP Bailey, SBC (reprint author), Tennessee State Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT CHILDBIRTH EDUCATION ASSOC PI RALEIGH PA 1500 SUNDAY DR, STE 102, RALEIGH, NC 27607 USA SN 0887-8625 J9 INT J CHILDBIRTH EDU JI Int. J. Childbirth Educ. PD APR PY 2016 VL 31 IS 2 BP 6 EP 7 PG 2 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA DV3TC UT WOS:000382845300003 ER PT J AU Schuchat, A Fiebelkorn, AP Bellini, W AF Schuchat, Anne Fiebelkorn, Amy Parker Bellini, William TI Measles in the United States since the Millennium: Perils and Progress in the Postelimination Era SO MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM LA English DT Article ID SCHOOL IMMUNIZATION REQUIREMENTS; AREA VACCINATION COVERAGE; NONMEDICAL EXEMPTIONS; CHILDREN PROGRAM; PUBLIC-HEALTH; OUTBREAK; VACCINES; ELIMINATION; CALIFORNIA; PERTUSSIS AB This article describes measles and measles vaccination, along with the challenges, successes, and progress in the postelimination era. C1 [Schuchat, Anne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Fiebelkorn, Amy Parker; Bellini, William] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Schuchat, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ACS1@cdc.gov NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA EI 2165-0497 J9 MICROBIOL SPECTR JI Microbiol. Spectr. PD APR PY 2016 VL 4 IS 2 AR UNSP EI10-0006-2015 DI 10.1128/microbiolspec.EI10-0006-2015 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DT9FL UT WOS:000381801200005 ER PT J AU Blackley, DJ Wiley, MR Ladner, JT Fallah, M Lo, T Gilbert, ML Gregory, C D'ambrozio, J Coulter, S Mate, S Balogun, Z Kugelman, J Nwachukwu, W Prieto, K Yeiah, A Amegashie, F Kearney, B Wisniewski, M Saindon, J Schroth, G Fakoli, L Diclaro, JW Kuhn, JH Hensley, LE Jahrling, PB Stroher, U Nichol, ST Massaquoi, M Kateh, F Clement, P Gasasira, A Bolay, F Monroe, SS Rambaut, A Sanchez-Lockhart, M Laney, AS Nyenswah, T Christie, A Palacios, G AF Blackley, David J. Wiley, Michael R. Ladner, Jason T. Fallah, Mosoka Lo, Terrence Gilbert, Merle L. Gregory, Christopher D'ambrozio, Jonathan Coulter, Stewart Mate, Suzanne Balogun, Zephaniah Kugelman, Jeffrey Nwachukwu, William Prieto, Karla Yeiah, Adolphus Amegashie, Fred Kearney, Brian Wisniewski, Meagan Saindon, John Schroth, Gary Fakoli, Lawrence Diclaro, Joseph W., II Kuhn, Jens H. Hensley, Lisa E. Jahrling, Peter B. Stroher, Ute Nichol, Stuart T. Massaquoi, Moses Kateh, Francis Clement, Peter Gasasira, Alex Bolay, Fatorma Monroe, Stephan S. Rambaut, Andrew Sanchez-Lockhart, Mariano Laney, A. Scott Nyenswah, Tolbert Christie, Athalia Palacios, Gustavo TI Reduced evolutionary rate in reemerged Ebola virus transmission chains SO SCIENCE ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID LIBERIA; SURVEILLANCE; OUTBREAK; SPREAD AB On 29 June 2015, Liberia's respite from Ebola virus disease (EVD) was interrupted for the second time by a renewed outbreak ("flare-up") of seven confirmed cases. We demonstrate that, similar to the March 2015 flare-up associated with sexual transmission, this new flare-up was a reemergence of a Liberian transmission chain originating from a persistently infected source rather than a reintroduction from a reservoir or a neighboring country with active transmission. Although distinct, Ebola virus (EBOV) genomes from both flare-ups exhibit significantly low genetic divergence, indicating a reduced rate of EBOV evolution during persistent infection. Using this rate of change as a signature, we identified two additional EVD clusters that possibly arose from persistently infected sources. These findings highlight the risk of EVD flare-ups even after an outbreak is declared over. C1 [Blackley, David J.; Lo, Terrence; Gregory, Christopher; Coulter, Stewart; Balogun, Zephaniah; Nwachukwu, William; Saindon, John; Stroher, Ute; Monroe, Stephan S.; Laney, A. Scott; Christie, Athalia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Wiley, Michael R.; Ladner, Jason T.; Gilbert, Merle L.; D'ambrozio, Jonathan; Mate, Suzanne; Kugelman, Jeffrey; Prieto, Karla; Kearney, Brian; Wisniewski, Meagan; Sanchez-Lockhart, Mariano; Palacios, Gustavo] US Army, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Fallah, Mosoka; Yeiah, Adolphus; Amegashie, Fred; Massaquoi, Moses; Kateh, Francis; Nyenswah, Tolbert] Minist Hlth, Monrovia, Liberia. [Schroth, Gary] Illumina Inc, San Diego, CA 92122 USA. [Fakoli, Lawrence; Bolay, Fatorma] Liberian Inst Biomed Res, Charlesville, Liberia. [Diclaro, Joseph W., II] US Navy, Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Kuhn, Jens H.; Hensley, Lisa E.; Jahrling, Peter B.; Nichol, Stuart T.] NIAID, Integrated Res Facil Ft Detrick, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Clement, Peter; Gasasira, Alex] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. [Rambaut, Andrew] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Evolutionary Biol, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, Midlothian, Scotland. [Rambaut, Andrew] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Rambaut, Andrew] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Immunol Infect & Evolut, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Christie, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.; Palacios, G (reprint author), US Army, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.; Nyenswah, T (reprint author), Minist Hlth, Monrovia, Liberia. EM tgnyenswah74@yahoo.com; akc9@cdc.gov; gustavo.f.palacios.ctr@mail.mil RI Palacios, Gustavo/I-7773-2015 OI Palacios, Gustavo/0000-0001-5062-1938 FU NIAID NIH HHS [HHSN272200700016I]; PHS HHS [HHSN272200700016I] NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 2375-2548 J9 SCI ADV JI Sci. Adv. PD APR PY 2016 VL 2 IS 4 AR e1600378 DI 10.1126/sciadv.1600378 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR7IB UT WOS:000380072100053 PM 27386513 ER PT J AU Nordgren, J Sharma, S Kambhampati, A Lopman, B Svensson, L AF Nordgren, Johan Sharma, Sumit Kambhampati, Anita Lopman, Ben Svensson, Lennart TI Innate Resistance and Susceptibility to Norovirus Infection SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; DIARRHEAL DISEASE; ENTERIC BACTERIA; GASTROENTERITIS; VACCINE; GII.4; CHALLENGE; NICARAGUA; CHILDREN; IMMUNITY C1 [Nordgren, Johan; Sharma, Sumit; Svensson, Lennart] Linkoping Univ, Fac Med, IKE, Div Mol Virol, Linkoping, Sweden. [Kambhampati, Anita; Lopman, Ben] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Svensson, L (reprint author), Linkoping Univ, Fac Med, IKE, Div Mol Virol, Linkoping, Sweden. EM Lennart.t.svensson@liu.se FU Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research FX This work was supported by a grant on "Gastrointestinal viruses and mucosal vaccines" to LS from the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research and in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (to AK) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and CDC. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7366 EI 1553-7374 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD APR PY 2016 VL 12 IS 4 AR e1005385 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005385 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA DP0CZ UT WOS:000378156900003 PM 27115484 ER PT J AU Tate, JE AF Tate, J. E. TI Rotavirus vaccines - A promise kept SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tate, J. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 EI 1878-3511 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 2016 VL 45 SU 1 MA 24.001 BP 38 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.122 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DK4GZ UT WOS:000374876700073 ER PT J AU Chang, B Pearson, W Owusu-Edusei, K AF Chang, B. Pearson, W. Owusu-Edusei, K., Jr. TI Correlates of county-level non-viral sexually transmitted infection hot spots in the US SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chang, B.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Pearson, W.; Owusu-Edusei, K., Jr.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 EI 1878-3511 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 2016 VL 45 SU 1 MA 28.002 BP 43 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.139 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DK4GZ UT WOS:000374876700088 ER PT J AU Campbell, C Shadomy, SV Stauffer, KE Walke, HT Avaliani, L Kalandadze, I Meltzer, MI AF Campbell, C. Shadomy, S. V. Stauffer, K. E. Walke, H. T. Avaliani, L. Kalandadze, I. Meltzer, M. I. TI An economic evaluation of a livestock anthrax vaccination program in high-risk regions of the country of Georgia SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Campbell, C.; Shadomy, S. V.; Walke, H. T.; Meltzer, M. I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stauffer, K. E.] Ctr Dis Control, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Avaliani, L.] Natl Food Agcy, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Kalandadze, I.] Natl Ctr Dis Control, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 EI 1878-3511 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 2016 VL 45 SU 1 MA 41.193 BP 160 EP 160 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.384 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DK4GZ UT WOS:000374876700328 ER PT J AU Doanh, PV Pham, TD Vu, NL Chu, VT Do, THH Nguyen, TTH Ly, TTT Nguyen, LMH Pham, NT Ha, TN Ralan, TH Mounts, T AF Doanh, P. V. Pham, D. T. Vu, L. N. Chu, T., V Do, H. T. H. Nguyen, H. T. T. Ly, T. T. T. Nguyen, H. L. M. Pham, T. N. Ha, N. T. Ralan, H. T. Mounts, T. TI An outbreak of diphtheria in K'Bang District, Gia Lai, Vietnam, October 2013-July 2014 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Doanh, P. V.] Inst Hyg & Epidemiol Tay Nguyen, Buon Ma Thuot, Dak Lak, Vietnam. [Pham, D. T.; Nguyen, H. T. T.; Ly, T. T. T.; Nguyen, H. L. M.; Pham, T. N.; Ralan, H. T.] Inst Hyg Anh Epidemiol Tay Nguyen, Buon Ma Thuot, Vietnam. [Vu, L. N.; Chu, T., V] Minist Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Do, H. T. H.] World Hlth Org, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Ha, N. T.] Inst Publ Hlth, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam. [Mounts, T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 EI 1878-3511 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 2016 VL 45 SU 1 MA 41.217 BP 172 EP 172 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.406 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DK4GZ UT WOS:000374876700350 ER PT J AU Kharod, G Haberling, D Person, M Folkema, A Galloway, R Elrod, M Perniciaro, J Nicholson, W Patel, N Bwogi, J Bukenya, H Drakeley, C Mbulaiteye, S Blaney, D Shadomy, S AF Kharod, G. Haberling, D. Person, M. Folkema, A. Galloway, R. Elrod, M. Perniciaro, J. Nicholson, W. Patel, N. Bwogi, J. Bukenya, H. Drakeley, C. Mbulaiteye, S. Blaney, D. Shadomy, S. TI Uganda National Acute Febrile Illness Agent Detection Serosurvey 2004-2005 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kharod, G.; Haberling, D.; Person, M.; Galloway, R.; Elrod, M.; Perniciaro, J.; Nicholson, W.; Patel, N.; Blaney, D.; Shadomy, S.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Folkema, A.] CDC, Reg Waterloo Publ Hlth, Waterloo, ON, Canada. [Bwogi, J.; Bukenya, H.] UVRI, Entebbe, Uganda. [Drakeley, C.] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Mbulaiteye, S.] NIH, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 EI 1878-3511 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 2016 VL 45 SU 1 MA 41.234 BP 180 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.422 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DK4GZ UT WOS:000374876700366 ER PT J AU Doanh, PV Pham, TD Do, THH Leisha, N Klein, K Vu, NL Nguyen, QV Dang, O Chu, VT Tran, VD Pham, NT Nguyen, LMH Nguyen, TTH Hoang, NT Mounts, T AF Doanh, P. V. Pham, D. T. Do T H, H. Leisha, N. Klein, K. Vu N, L. Nguyen Q, V. Dang, O. Chu, T., V Tran, D., V Pham N, T. Nguyen L M, H. Nguyen T T, H. Hoang N, T. Mounts, T. TI DPT vaccination rate in children ages 1 to 5 years old and associated factors in K'bang District, Gia Lai Province, Viet Nam in 2015 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Doanh, P. V.] Inst Hyg & Epidemiol Tay Nguyen, Buon Ma Thuot, Dak Lak, Vietnam. [Pham, D. T.; Nguyen Q, V.; Dang, O.; Pham N, T.; Nguyen L M, H.; Nguyen T T, H.; Hoang N, T.] Inst Hyg Anh Epidemiol Tay Nguyen, Buon Ma Thuot, Dak Lak, Vietnam. [Do T H, H.] World Hlth Org, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Leisha, N.; Klein, K.; Mounts, T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vu N, L.; Chu, T., V; Tran, D., V] Minist Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 EI 1878-3511 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 2016 VL 45 SU 1 MA 42.012 BP 212 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.483 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DK4GZ UT WOS:000374876700427 ER PT J AU Kumar, S Amarchand, R Gosain, M Sharma, H Dawood, F Jain, S Lafond, K Widdowson, MA Read, J Krishnan, A AF Kumar, S. Amarchand, R. Gosain, M. Sharma, H. Dawood, F. Jain, S. Lafond, K. Widdowson, M. -A. Read, J. Krishnan, A. TI Design of a study to examine contact mixing and acute respiratory infection in Ballabgarh, Haryana SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kumar, S.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Amarchand, R.; Gosain, M.; Krishnan, A.] All India Inst Med Sci, New Delhi, India. [Sharma, H.] Univ Delhi, New Delhi, India. [Dawood, F.; Jain, S.; Lafond, K.; Widdowson, M. -A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Read, J.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. OI Read, Jonathan/0000-0002-9697-0962 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 EI 1878-3511 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 2016 VL 45 SU 1 MA 42.157 BP 282 EP 282 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.623 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DK4GZ UT WOS:000374876700567 ER PT J AU Manana, P Page, N Maupye, G Rakgantso, A Mkhencele, T Hottie, G Dokubo, K Mc Carthy, K AF Manana, P. Page, N. Maupye, G. Rakgantso, A. Mkhencele, T. Hottie, G. Dokubo, K. Mc Carthy, K. TI Investigation of a suspected diarrhoeal illness outbreak in Upington - ZF Mgcawu District, Northern Cape, South Africa, March - July 2015 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Manana, P.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Page, N.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Ctr Enter Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Maupye, G.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Field Epidemiol Training Programme, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Rakgantso, A.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Div Publ Hlth & Surveillance Response, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Mkhencele, T.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Div Publ Hlth Surveillance & Response, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Hottie, G.] Dept Hlth, Northern Cape, Upington, South Africa. [Dokubo, K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mc Carthy, K.] Div Publ Hlth Surveillance & Response, Johannesburg, South Africa. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 EI 1878-3511 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 2016 VL 45 SU 1 MA 42.203 BP 304 EP 304 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.666 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DK4GZ UT WOS:000374876700610 ER PT J AU Buck, CB Van Doorslaer, K Peretti, A Geoghegan, EM Tisza, MJ An, P Katz, JP Pipas, JM McBride, AA Camus, AC McDermott, AJ Dill, JA Delwart, E Ng, TFF Farkas, K Austin, C Kraberger, S Davison, W Pastrana, DV Varsani, A AF Buck, Christopher B. Van Doorslaer, Koenraad Peretti, Alberto Geoghegan, Eileen M. Tisza, Michael J. An, Ping Katz, Joshua P. Pipas, James M. McBride, Alison A. Camus, Alvin C. McDermott, Alexa J. Dill, Jennifer A. Delwart, Eric Ng, Terry F. F. Farkas, Kata Austin, Charlotte Kraberger, Simona Davison, William Pastrana, Diana V. Varsani, Arvind TI The Ancient Evolutionary History of Polyomaviruses SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID MERKEL CELL POLYOMAVIRUS; GOOSE HEMORRHAGIC POLYOMAVIRUS; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; LARGE T-ANTIGEN; AVIAN POLYOMAVIRUS; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; PYGOSCELIS-ADELIAE; DIVERGENCE TIMES; MIDDLE T; VIRUS AB Polyomaviruses are a family of DNA tumor viruses that are known to infect mammals and birds. To investigate the deeper evolutionary history of the family, we used a combination of viral metagenomics, bioinformatics, and structural modeling approaches to identify and characterize polyomavirus sequences associated with fish and arthropods. Analyses drawing upon the divergent new sequences indicate that polyomaviruses have been gradually co-evolving with their animal hosts for at least half a billion years. Phylogenetic analyses of individual polyomavirus genes suggest that some modern polyomavirus species arose after ancient recombination events involving distantly related polyomavirus lineages. The improved evolutionary model provides a useful platform for developing a more accurate taxonomic classification system for the viral family Polyomaviridae. C1 [Buck, Christopher B.; Peretti, Alberto; Geoghegan, Eileen M.; Tisza, Michael J.; Pastrana, Diana V.] NCI, Cellular Oncol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Van Doorslaer, Koenraad; McBride, Alison A.] NIAID, Viral Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [An, Ping; Katz, Joshua P.; Pipas, James M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Camus, Alvin C.; Dill, Jennifer A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [McDermott, Alexa J.] Georgia Aquarium Inc, Dept Anim Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Delwart, Eric; Ng, Terry F. F.] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. [Delwart, Eric; Ng, Terry F. F.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Farkas, Kata; Austin, Charlotte; Kraberger, Simona; Davison, William; Varsani, Arvind] Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Varsani, Arvind] Univ Cape Town, Dept Clin Lab Sci, Struct Biol Res Unit, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Varsani, Arvind] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Varsani, Arvind] Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Gainesville, FL USA. [Ng, Terry F. F.] Ctr Dis Control, DVD, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Buck, CB (reprint author), NCI, Cellular Oncol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM buckc@mail.nih.gov OI McBride, Alison/0000-0001-5607-5157; Van Doorslaer, Koenraad/0000-0002-2985-0733; Ng, Terry Fei Fan/0000-0002-4815-8697 FU National Institutes of Health; National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer Research; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; Antarctica New Zealand [K057]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [AI109339]; Italian Foundation for Cancer Research (FIRC) FX This work was funded in part by the National Institutes of Health Intramural Research Program, with support from the National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer Research. AAM and KVD were funded by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease. Trematomus pennellii were collected in the Antarctic under the 2011/08R animal ethics permit and the field work was supported by a grant (K057) awarded to WD from Antarctica New Zealand. The Trematomus pennelli molecular work was supported by personal funds of AV. The structural analyses for the large T antigens by PA, JPK and JMP were supported by an R21 grant AI109339 awarded to JMP by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. AP is supported by a grant from the Italian Foundation for Cancer Research (FIRC). Aside from the contribution of personal funds by AV, other funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 103 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7366 EI 1553-7374 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD APR PY 2016 VL 12 IS 4 AR e1005574 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005574 PG 26 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA DP0CZ UT WOS:000378156900052 PM 27093155 ER PT J AU Cohnstaedt, LW Ladner, J Campbell, LR Busch, N Barrera, R AF Cohnstaedt, Lee W. Ladner, Jamie Campbell, Leslie Rickert Busch, Noah Barrera, Roberto TI Determining Mosquito Distribution from Egg Data: The Role of the Citizen Scientist SO AMERICAN BIOLOGY TEACHER LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; Aedes albopictus; mosquito surveillance; citizen science; epidemiology; invasive species; public health ID UNITED-STATES; AEGYPTI AB Nationwide science classes, from elementary through secondary, are placing a larger emphasis on inquiry and authentic experiences. The opportunity for community members (students, teachers, or interested individuals) to collect real data and contribute to a research project is the definition of citizen science. Recent disease outbreaks of mosquito-transmitted pathogens (West Nile, eastern equine encephalitis, dengue, chikungunya, and Zika) demonstrate the need to educate children and adults about the public health risks posed by mosquitoes. This lesson plan has students determine mosquito species and subsequent disease risk around their house and in their community by collecting mosquito eggs and rearing a portion of them to adults. The students identify adult mosquitoes and associated health risks. Furthermore, students and teachers have the option to participate in a national mosquito-species-distribution study by submitting mosquito eggs and adults to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The data generated by participant submissions will be available to all mosquito submitters, making each student and school part of a larger project. This lesson plan has three objectives beyond the citizen science experience: (1) clarify the individual's role in protecting individuals, communities, and pets from illness; (2) raise awareness of pathogens transmitted by mosquitoes; and (3) participate in a national program to gather mosquito distribution data. The lesson and the associated supplementary material (available at http://www.citizenscience.us) can be used for middle to high school classes, as well as Advanced Placement classes, because the materials and presentations can be easily modified to classroom needs. C1 [Cohnstaedt, Lee W.] ARS, USDA, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Campbell, Leslie Rickert; Busch, Noah] Manhattan High Sch, 2100 Poyntz Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Barrera, Roberto] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Entomol & Ecol Act, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. [Ladner, Jamie] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Cohnstaedt, LW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.; Campbell, LR; Busch, N (reprint author), Manhattan High Sch, 2100 Poyntz Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.; Barrera, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Entomol & Ecol Act, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00920 USA.; Ladner, J (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM lee.cohnstaedt@ars.usda.gov; jlad011@ksu.edu; leslieca@usd383.org; noahb@usd383.org; rbarrera@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 15 PU NATL ASSOC BIOLOGY TEACHERS INC PI RESTON PA 12030 SUNRISE VALLEY DR, #110, RESTON, VA 20191 USA SN 0002-7685 EI 1938-4211 J9 AM BIOL TEACH JI Am. Biol. Teach. PD APR PY 2016 VL 78 IS 4 BP 317 EP 322 DI 10.1525/abt.2016.78.4.317 PG 6 WC Biology; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Education & Educational Research GA DN0PT UT WOS:000376766500007 ER PT J AU Beamer, B McCleery, T Hayden, C AF Beamer, Bryan McCleery, Trudi Hayden, Charles TI Buy Quiet Initiative in the USA SO ACOUSTICS AUSTRALIA LA English DT Article DE Noise; Hearing loss; Prevention; Engineering controls; Buy Quiet AB Noise-induced hearing loss is still considered one of the most common work-related illnesses in the United States of America. The U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health launched a national Buy Quiet campaign to raise awareness of the importance of purchasing quieter equipment. Buy Quiet encourages companies to seek out and demand quieter equipment thus driving the market to design and create quieter products. In the long run, investment in noise controls should be more prevalent as the market demands quieter products. This paradigm occurs as the market for quieter products expands both from the supply side (manufacturers) and the demand side (tool and equipment purchasers). The key to experiencing the reduced costs and increased benefits of Buy Quiet will be to develop partnerships between manufacturers and consumers. To this end, the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health continues to work with partners to educate stakeholders about the risks and true costs of noise-induced hearing loss, as well as the economic benefits of buying quieter equipment. C1 [Beamer, Bryan; McCleery, Trudi; Hayden, Charles] NIOSH, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Robert A Taft Labs, 1090 Tusculum Ave,MS C27, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Beamer, B (reprint author), NIOSH, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Robert A Taft Labs, 1090 Tusculum Ave,MS C27, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM zmy4@cdc.gov OI Beamer, Bryan/0000-0002-6483-0607 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1839-2571 J9 ACOUST AUST JI Acoust. Aust. PD APR PY 2016 VL 44 IS 1 SI SI BP 51 EP 54 DI 10.1007/s40857-015-0036-1 PG 4 WC Acoustics SC Acoustics GA DM5NZ UT WOS:000376397900012 PM 27274613 ER PT J AU Morata, TC Meinke, D AF Morata, Thais C. Meinke, Deanna TI Uncovering Effective Strategies for Hearing Loss Prevention SO ACOUSTICS AUSTRALIA LA English DT Article DE Evidence-based practice; Noise control; Buy-Quiet; Intervention effectiveness; Hearing conservation; Incentive program; Award ID SAFETY; HEALTH; PROGRAMS AB Occupational health agencies, researchers, and policy makers have recognized the need for evidence on the effectiveness of interventions designed to reduce or prevent workplace injuries and illnesses. While many workplaces comply with legal or obligatory requirements and implement recommended interventions, few publications exist documenting the effectiveness of these actions. Additionally, some workplaces have discovered through their own processes, novel ways to reduce the risk of injury. Peer-reviewed information on the effectiveness of the many strategies and approaches currently in use could help correct weaknesses, or further encourage their adoption and expansion. The evaluation of intervention effectiveness would certainly contribute to improved worker health and safety. This need is particularly relevant regarding noise exposure in the workplace and hearing loss prevention interventions. In a 2006 review of the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health ( NIOSH) Hearing Loss Research Program, the independent National Academies of Sciences recommended that NIOSH place greater emphasis on identifying the effectiveness of hearing loss prevention measures on the basis of outcomes that are as closely related as possible to reducing noise exposure and work-related hearing loss (http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=11721). NIOSH used two different approaches to address that recommendation: the first one was to conduct research, including broad systematic reviews on the effectiveness of interventions to prevent occupational noise-induced hearing loss. The second was to create an award program, the Safe-In-Sound Excellence in Hearing Loss Prevention Award (TM), to identify and honor excellent real-world examples of noise control and other hearing loss prevention practices and innovations. C1 [Morata, Thais C.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 1190 Tusculum Avenue,MS C27, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Meinke, Deanna] Univ No Colorado, Audiol & Speech Language Sci, Greeley, CO 80639 USA. RP Morata, TC (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 1190 Tusculum Avenue,MS C27, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM tmorata@cdc.gov; Deanna.Meinke@unco.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1839-2571 J9 ACOUST AUST JI Acoust. Aust. PD APR PY 2016 VL 44 IS 1 SI SI BP 67 EP 75 DI 10.1007/s40857-016-0044-9 PG 9 WC Acoustics SC Acoustics GA DM5NZ UT WOS:000376397900014 PM 27397968 ER PT J AU Baranovich, T Jones, JC Russier, M Vogel, P Szretter, KJ Sloan, SE Seiler, P Trevejo, JM Webby, RJ Govorkova, EA AF Baranovich, Tatiana Jones, Jeremy C. Russier, Marion Vogel, Peter Szretter, Kristy J. Sloan, Susan E. Seiler, Patrick Trevejo, Jose M. Webby, Richard J. Govorkova, Elena A. TI The Hemagglutinin Stem-Binding Monoclonal Antibody VIS410 Controls Influenza Virus-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID A H7N9 VIRUS; NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITOR OSELTAMIVIR; H1N1 2009 VIRUS; ANTIVIRAL RESISTANCE; HUMAN INFECTION; MOUSE MODEL; B VIRUSES; H5N1; CELLS; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB Most cases of severe influenza are associated with pulmonary complications, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and no antiviral drugs of proven value for treating such complications are currently available. The use of monoclonal antibodies targeting the stem of the influenza virus surface hemagglutinin (HA) is a rapidly developing strategy for the control of viruses of multiple HA subtypes. However, the mechanisms of action of these antibodies are not fully understood, and their ability to mitigate severe complications of influenza has been poorly studied. We evaluated the effect of treatment with VIS410, a human monoclonal antibody targeting the HA stem region, on the development of ARDS in BALB/c mice after infection with influenza A(H7N9) viruses. Prophylactic administration of VIS410 resulted in the complete protection of mice against lethal A(H7N9) virus challenge. A single therapeutic dose of VIS410 given 24 h after virus inoculation resulted in dose-dependent protection of up to 100% of mice inoculated with neuraminidase inhibitor-susceptible or -resistant A(H7N9) viruses. Compared to the outcomes in mock-treated controls, a single administration of VIS410 improved viral clearance from the lungs, reduced virus spread in lungs in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in a lower lung injury score, reduced the extent of the alteration in lung vascular permeability and protein accumulation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and improved lung physiologic function. Thus, antibodies targeting the HA stem can reduce the severity of ARDS and show promise as agents for controlling pulmonary complications in influenza. C1 [Baranovich, Tatiana; Jones, Jeremy C.; Russier, Marion; Seiler, Patrick; Webby, Richard J.; Govorkova, Elena A.] St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, 332 N Lauderdale St, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Vogel, Peter] St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Vet Pathol, 332 N Lauderdale St, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Szretter, Kristy J.; Sloan, Susan E.; Trevejo, Jose M.] Visterra Inc, Cambridge, MA USA. [Baranovich, Tatiana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baranovich, Tatiana] Carter Consulting Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Govorkova, EA (reprint author), St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, 332 N Lauderdale St, Memphis, TN 38105 USA.; Sloan, SE (reprint author), Visterra Inc, Cambridge, MA USA. EM ssloan@visterrainc.com; elena.govorkova@stjude.org OI Russier, Marion/0000-0002-9633-9804; Szretter, Kristy/0000-0003-0391-2307 FU HHS \ NIH \ National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [HHSN272201400006C] FX HHS vertical bar NIH vertical bar National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) provided funding to Richard J. Webby under grant number HHSN272201400006C. NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 EI 1098-6596 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD APR PY 2016 VL 60 IS 4 BP 2118 EP 2131 DI 10.1128/AAC.02457-15 PG 14 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DM6XL UT WOS:000376496100020 PM 26787699 ER PT J AU Lockhart, SR Fothergill, AW Iqbal, N Bolden, CB Grossman, NT Garvey, EP Brand, SR Hoekstra, WJ Schotzinger, RJ Ottinger, E Patterson, TF Wiederhold, NP AF Lockhart, Shawn R. Fothergill, Annette W. Iqbal, Naureen Bolden, Carol B. Grossman, Nina T. Garvey, Edward P. Brand, Stephen R. Hoekstra, William J. Schotzinger, Robert J. Ottinger, Elizabeth Patterson, Thomas F. Wiederhold, Nathan P. TI The Investigational Fungal Cyp51 Inhibitor VT-1129 Demonstrates Potent In Vitro Activity against Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITIES AB The in vitro activities of the novel fungal Cyp51 inhibitor VT-1129 were evaluated against a large panel of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii isolates. VT-1129 demonstrated potent activities against both Cryptococcus species as demonstrated by low MIC50 and MIC90 values. For C. gattii, the in vitro potency was maintained against all genotypes. In addition, significantly lower geometric mean MICs were observed for VT-1129 than for fluconazole against C. neoformans, including isolates with reduced fluconazole susceptibility. C1 [Lockhart, Shawn R.; Iqbal, Naureen; Bolden, Carol B.; Grossman, Nina T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fothergill, Annette W.; Patterson, Thomas F.; Wiederhold, Nathan P.] Univ Texas San Antonio, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. [Garvey, Edward P.; Brand, Stephen R.; Hoekstra, William J.; Schotzinger, Robert J.] Viamet Pharmaceut Inc, Durham, NC USA. [Ottinger, Elizabeth] NIH, Therapeut Rare & Neglected Dis Bethesda, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Patterson, Thomas F.] South Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Wiederhold, NP (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. EM wiederholdn@uthscsa.edu FU National Institutes of Health National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [N01-AI-25475]; National Institutes of Health, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Therapeutics for Rare and Neglected Diseases (TRND) Program; Viamet Pharmaceuticals, Inc. FX This project was funded by the National Institutes of Health National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases under contract no. N01-AI-25475 (Thomas F. Patterson), the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Therapeutics for Rare and Neglected Diseases (TRND) Program (Shawn R. Lockhart), and Viamet Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nathan P. Wiederhold). VT-1129 powder was provided by Viamet Pharmaceuticals, Inc. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 EI 1098-6596 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD APR PY 2016 VL 60 IS 4 BP 2528 EP 2531 DI 10.1128/AAC.02770-15 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DM6XL UT WOS:000376496100072 PM 26787697 ER PT J AU Tadesse, DA Singh, A Zhao, SH Bartholomew, M Womack, N Ayers, S Fields, PI McDermott, PF AF Tadesse, Daniel A. Singh, Aparna Zhao, Shaohua Bartholomew, Mary Womack, Niketta Ayers, Sherry Fields, Patricia I. McDermott, Patrick F. TI Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella in the United States from 1948 to 1995 SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DRUG-RESISTANCE; FOOD ANIMALS; INFECTIONS; TYPHIMURIUM; STRAINS; HUMANS; EMERGENCE; INCREASE AB We conducted a retrospective study of 2,149 clinical Salmonella strains to help document the historical emergence of antimicrobial resistance. There were significant increases in resistance to older drugs, including ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline, which were most common in Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium. An increase in multidrug resistance was observed for each decade since the 1950s. These data help show how Salmonella evolved over the past 6 decades, after the introduction of new antimicrobial agents. C1 [Tadesse, Daniel A.; Zhao, Shaohua; Womack, Niketta; Ayers, Sherry; McDermott, Patrick F.] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Laurel, MD USA. [Singh, Aparna] NIH, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Bartholomew, Mary] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Fields, Patricia I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McDermott, PF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. EM patrick.mcdermott@fda.hhs.gov FU U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research [223-02-7010] FX The study isolates were collected by American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) through a contract agreement with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research (contract 223-02-7010). NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 EI 1098-6596 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD APR PY 2016 VL 60 IS 4 BP 2567 EP 2571 DI 10.1128/AAC.02536-15 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DM6XL UT WOS:000376496100082 PM 26856840 ER PT J AU Wiesen, E Li, X AF Wiesen, Eric Li, Xi TI Commentary: Assessing the impact of temporally associated adverse events on neonatal hepatitis B vaccination SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID NIGERIA C1 [Wiesen, Eric; Li, Xi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wiesen, E; Li, X (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ejw2@cdc.gov; xi.cira.li@gmail.com NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0300-5771 EI 1464-3685 J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL JI Int. J. Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2016 VL 45 IS 2 BP 449 EP 450 DI 10.1093/ije/dyw080 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM9BY UT WOS:000376660300022 PM 27174835 ER PT J AU Frederick, GM Paul, P Watson, KB Dorn, JM Fulton, J AF Frederick, Ginny M. Paul, Prabasaj Watson, Kathleen Bachtel Dorn, Joan M. Fulton, Janet TI Developing Point-of-Decision Prompts to Encourage Airport Walking: The Walk to Fly Study SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE physical activity; health promotion; public health; survey research ID INCREASE PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; STAIR USE; CAMPAIGN; BARRIERS; ADULTS AB Background: Point-of-decision prompts may be appropriate to promote walking, instead of using a mechanized mode of transport, such as a train, in airports. To our knowledge, no current studies describe the development of messages for prompts in this setting. Methods: In-person interviews were conducted with 150 randomly selected airport travelers who rode the train to their departure gate. Travelers reported various reasons for riding the train to their gate. They were asked about messages that would encourage them to walk. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted for reasons for riding the train. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted for messages to encourage walking to the departure gate. Results: Travelers reported not knowing walking was an option (23.8%), seeing others riding the train (14.4%), and being afraid of getting lost (9.2%) as reasons for riding the train. Many indicated that directional signs and prompts promoting walking as exercise would encourage them to walk instead of riding the train. Conclusions: Some reasons for riding the train in an airport may be modifiable by installing point-of decision prompts. Providing directional signs to travelers may prompt them to walk to their gate instead of riding the train. Similar prompts may also be considered in other community settings. C1 [Frederick, Ginny M.; Paul, Prabasaj; Watson, Kathleen Bachtel; Fulton, Janet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Phys Act & Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dorn, Joan M.] Sophie Davis Sch Biomed Educ, Dept Community Hlth & Social Med, New York, NY USA. RP Frederick, GM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Phys Act & Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. EM wve0@cdc.gov FU Kresge Foundation FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This work was supported by a grant from the Kresge Foundation. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 EI 1543-5474 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD APR PY 2016 VL 13 IS 4 BP 419 EP 427 DI 10.1123/jpah.2015-0374 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM3BG UT WOS:000376221200010 PM 26445371 ER PT J AU Bell, BP Boyle, CA Petersen, LR AF Bell, Beth P. Boyle, Coleen A. Petersen, Lyle R. TI Preventing Zika Virus Infections in Pregnant Women: An Urgent Public Health Priority SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID BRAZIL C1 [Bell, Beth P.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Boyle, Coleen A.] CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Petersen, Lyle R.] CDC, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Bell, BP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop C12, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bbell@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 54 U2 70 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD APR PY 2016 VL 106 IS 4 BP 589 EP 590 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303124 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL8SY UT WOS:000375913000008 PM 26959253 ER PT J AU DeSalvo, KB O'Carroll, PW Koo, D Auerbach, JM Monroe, JA AF DeSalvo, Karen B. O'Carroll, Patrick W. Koo, Denise Auerbach, John M. Monroe, Judith A. TI Public Health 3.0: Time for an Upgrade SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article C1 [DeSalvo, Karen B.] US Dept HHS, Hlth, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [O'Carroll, Patrick W.] HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Hlth, Hlth Sci & Med, Washington, DC USA. [Koo, Denise] HHS, Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Koo, Denise] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Washington, DC USA. [Auerbach, John M.] CDC, Policy, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Monroe, Judith A.] CDC, Off State Tribal Local & Territorial Support, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP O'Carroll, PW (reprint author), 701 Fifth Ave,MS 20, Seattle, WA 98121 USA. EM patrick.ocarroll@hhs.gov NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD APR PY 2016 VL 106 IS 4 BP 621 EP 622 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303063 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL8SY UT WOS:000375913000019 PM 26959263 ER PT J AU D'Angelo, D AF D'Angelo, Denise TI Patterns of Health Insurance Coverage Around the Time of Pregnancy Among Women With Live-Born Infants-Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, 29 States, 2009 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [D'Angelo, Denise] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP D'Angelo, D (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM DDAngelo@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD APR PY 2016 VL 106 IS 4 BP E1 EP E2 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303133 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL8SY UT WOS:000375913000001 ER PT J AU Garfield, RM AF Garfield, Richard M. TI NEPAL'S CRISES THREATEN GAINS IN PUBLIC HEALTH Responds SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Letter C1 [Garfield, Richard M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Recovery Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Garfield, Richard M.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Garfield, RM (reprint author), Bldg 2500 Mailstop E-22,2500 Century Pkwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. EM chx8@cddc.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD APR PY 2016 VL 106 IS 4 BP E29 EP E30 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303103 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL8SY UT WOS:000375913000004 PM 26959275 ER PT J AU Salerno, J Hlaing, WM Weiser, T Striley, C Schwartz, L Angulo, FJ Neslund, VS AF Salerno, Jennifer Hlaing, WayWay M. Weiser, Thomas Striley, Catherine Schwartz, Lisa Angulo, Frederick J. Neslund, Verla S. TI Emergency response in a global health crisis: epidemiology, ethics, and Ebola application SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; Ethics; Global health; Disaster planning; Hemorrhagic fever; Ebola AB Purpose: The link between ethics and epidemiology can go unnoticed in contemporary gatherings of professional epidemiologists or trainees at conferences and workshops, as well as in teaching. Our goal is to provide readers with information about the activities of the College and to provide a broad perspective on a recent major issue in epidemiology. Methods: The Ethics Committee of the American College of Epidemiology (ACE) presented a plenary session at the 2015 Annual Meeting in Atlanta, GA, on the complexities of ethics and epidemiology in the context of the 2014-2015 Ebola virus disease outbreak and response in West Africa. This article presents a summary and further discussion of that plenary session. Results: Three main topic areas were presented: clinical trials and ethics in public health emergencies, public health practice, and collaborative work. A number of key ethical concepts were highlighted and discussed in relation to Ebola and the ACE Ethics Guidelines. Conclusions: The Ebola virus disease outbreak is an example of a public health humanitarian crisis from which we hope to better understand the role of professional epidemiologists in public health practice and research and recognize ethical challenges epidemiologists faced. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Salerno, Jennifer] McMaster Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Oncol, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Hlaing, WayWay M.] Univ Miami, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Div Epidemiol & Populat Sci, Miami, FL USA. [Weiser, Thomas] Portland Area Indian Hlth Serv, Portland, OR USA. [Striley, Catherine] Univ Florida, Coll Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Epidemiol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Striley, Catherine] Univ Florida, Coll Med, Gainesville, FL USA. [Schwartz, Lisa] McMaster Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Angulo, Frederick J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Neslund, Verla S.] CDC Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Salerno, J (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Juravinski Hosp, Program Evidence Based Care, G Wing,Rm 220,1280 Main St West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada. EM salernoj@mcmaster.ca OI Striley, Catherine Woodstock/0000-0003-2973-7842 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 EI 1873-2585 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2016 VL 26 IS 4 BP 234 EP 237 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.02.004 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL6EC UT WOS:000375731400002 PM 26996399 ER PT J AU An, Q Chronister, K Song, RG Pearson, M Pan, Y Yang, BR Khuwaja, S Hernandez, A Hall, HI AF An, Qian Chronister, Karen Song, Ruiguang Pearson, Megan Pan, Yi Yang, Biru Khuwaja, Salma Hernandez, Angela Hall, H. Irene TI Comparison of self-reported HIV testing data with medical records data in Houston, TX 2012-2013 SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Self-reported; Medical record; HIV testing data ID CONCORDANCE CORRELATION-COEFFICIENT; HIV/AIDS SURVEILLANCE; UNITED-STATES; AGREEMENT; VALIDITY; RELIABILITY AB Purpose: To assess the agreement between self-reported and medical record data on HIV status and dates of first positive and last negative HIV tests. Methods: Participants were recruited from patients attending Houston health clinics during 2012-2013. Self-reported data were collected using a questionnaire and compared with medical record data. Agreement of HIV status was assessed using kappa statistics and of HIV test dates using concordance correlation coefficient. The extent of difference between self-reported and medical record test dates was determined. Results: Agreement between self-reported and medical record data was good on HIV status and date of first positive HIV test, but poor on date of last negative HIV test. About half of participants that self reported never tested had HIV test results in medical records. Agreement varied by sex, race and/or ethnicity, and medical care facility. For HIV-positive persons, more self-reported first positive HIV test dates preceded medical record dates, with a median difference of 6 months. For HIV-negative persons, more medical record dates of last negative HIV test preceded self-reported dates, with a median difference of 2 months. Conclusions: Studies relying on self-reported HIV status other than HIV positive and self-reported date of last negative should consider including information from additional sources to validate the self reported data. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [An, Qian; Song, Ruiguang; Pearson, Megan; Pan, Yi; Hernandez, Angela; Hall, H. Irene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E46, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Chronister, Karen] UNSW, Kirby Inst, Viral Hepatitis Epidemiol & Prevent Program, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Yang, Biru; Khuwaja, Salma] Houston Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bur Epidemiol, Houston, TX USA. RP An, Q (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E46, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM fei8@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) [RFA-PS-09-002, 1U01PS001552] FX The authors would like to thank the following clinics and individuals for their participation in the study and contribution with data collection: Participating facilities from Harris Health System: Acres Home Health Center, Aldine Health Center, Baytown Health Center, Casa de Amigos Health Center, E.A. Squatty Lyons Health Center, El Franco Lee Health Center, Gulfgate Health Center, Martin Luther King Jr. Health Center, Northwest Health Center, Settegast Health Center, Strawberry Health Center, Thomas Street Health Center, Vallbona Health Center. Participating facilities from Houston Department of Health and Human Services: La Nueva Casa de Amigos Health Center, Northside Health Center, Sharpstown Health Services, Sunnyside Health Center. Participating facilities from Legacy Community Health Services: Baker Ripley Clinic, Lyons Clinic, Montrose Clinic, Southwest Clinic. Staff from Houston Department of Health and Human Services: Raouf Arafat, Ryan Arnold, Veronica Anderson, Tristan Broussard, Shirley Chan, Eileen Collett, Jeff Meyer, Jasmin Prudon, Kellie Watkins, Marcia Wolverton. Staff from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Prejean Joseph, Jane Kelly. This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) Number: RFA-PS-09-002 and grant number 1U01PS001552). NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 EI 1873-2585 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2016 VL 26 IS 4 BP 255 EP 260 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.02.013 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL6EC UT WOS:000375731400006 ER PT J AU Schieve, LA Tian, LH Rankin, K Kogan, MD Yeargin-Allsopp, M Visser, S Rosenberg, D AF Schieve, Laura A. Tian, Lin H. Rankin, Kristin Kogan, Michael D. Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn Visser, Susanna Rosenberg, Deborah TI Population impact of preterm birth and low birth weight on developmental disabilities in US children SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Developmental disabilities; Premature birth; Infant; Low birth weight; Risk factor ID PERINATAL RISK-FACTORS; ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; HEALTH-CARE USE; UNITED-STATES; ATTRIBUTABLE FRACTIONS; MENTAL-RETARDATION; GESTATIONAL-AGE; CEREBRAL-PALSY; AUTISM; PREVALENCE AB Purpose: Although previous studies demonstrate associations between adverse perinatal outcomes and developmental disabilities (DDs), study of population impacts is limited. Methods: We computed relative risks adjusted (aRRs) for sociodemographic factors and component and summary population attributable fractions (PAFs) for associations between very low birth weight (VLBW, all preterm births), moderately low birth weight (MLBW) + Preterm, MLBW at term, and normal birth weight (NBW) + Preterm and seven DDs (cerebral palsy [CP], autism spectrum disorder [ASD], intellectual disability [ID], behavioral-conduct disorders, attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], learning disability [LD], and other developmental delay) among children aged 3-17 years in the 2011 2012 National Survey of Children's Health. Results: VLBW-Preterm, MLBW-Preterm and NBW-Preterm were strongly to moderately associated with CP (aRRs: 43.5, 10.1, and 22, respectively; all significant) and also associated with ID, ASD, LD, and other developmental delay (aRR ranges: VLBW-Preterm 2.8-5.3; MLBW-Preterm 1.9-2.8; and NBW-Preterm 1.6-2.3). Summary PAFs for preterm birth and/or LBW were 55% for CP, 10%-20% for ASD, ID, LD, and other developmental delay, and less than 5% for ADHD and behavioral-conduct disorders. Findings were similar whether we assessed DDs as independent outcomes or within mutually exclusive categories accounting for DD co-occurrence. Conclusions: Preterm birth has a sizable impact on child neurodevelopment. However, relative associations and population impacts vary widely by DD type. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Schieve, Laura A.; Tian, Lin H.; Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn; Visser, Susanna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, MS E-86,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Rankin, Kristin; Rosenberg, Deborah] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL USA. [Kogan, Michael D.] Hlth Serv & Res Adm, Maternal & Child Hlth Bur, Rockville, MD USA. RP Schieve, LA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, MS E-86,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lschieve@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 EI 1873-2585 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2016 VL 26 IS 4 BP 267 EP 274 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.02.012 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL6EC UT WOS:000375731400008 PM 27085382 ER PT J AU Lee, T Harper, M Kashon, M Lee, LA Healy, CB Coggins, MA Susi, P O'Brien, A AF Lee, Taekhee Harper, Martin Kashon, Michael Lee, Larry A. Healy, Catherine B. Coggins, Marie A. Susi, Pam O'Brien, Andrew TI Silica Measurement with High Flow Rate Respirable Size Selective Samplers: A Field Study SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE CIP10-R; FSP10; GK2.69; high flow rate samplers; quartz; silica ID PERSONAL SAMPLERS; DUST SAMPLER; COAL-DUST; PERFORMANCE; QUARTZ; COLLECTION AB High and low flow rate respirable size selective samplers including the CIP10-R (10 l min(-1)), FSP10 (11.2 l min(-1)), GK2.69 (4.4 l min(-1)), 10-mm nylon (1.7 l min(-1)), and Higgins-Dewell type (2.2 l min(-1)) were compared via side-by-side sampling in workplaces for respirable crystalline silica measurement. Sampling was conducted at eight different occupational sites in the USA and five different stonemasonry sites in Ireland. A total of 536 (268 pairs) personal samples and 55 area samples were collected. Gravimetric analysis was used to determine respirable dust mass and X-ray diffraction analysis was used to determine quartz mass. Ratios of respirable dust mass concentration, quartz mass concentration, respirable dust mass, and quartz mass from high and low flow rate samplers were compared. In general, samplers did not show significant differences greater than 30% in respirable dust mass concentration and quartz mass concentration when outliers (ratio < 0.3 or > 3.0) were removed from the analysis. The frequency of samples above the limit of detection and limit of quantification of quartz was significantly higher for the CIP10-R and FSP10 samplers compared to low flow rate samplers, while the GK2.69 cyclone did not show significant difference from low flow rate samplers. High flow rate samplers collected significantly more respirable dust and quartz than low flow rate samplers as expected indicating that utilizing high flow rate samplers might improve precision in quartz measurement. Although the samplers did not show significant differences in respirable dust and quartz concentrations, other practical attributes might make them more or less suitable for personal sampling. C1 [Lee, Taekhee; Harper, Martin; Lee, Larry A.] NIOSH, Exposure Assessment Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Kashon, Michael] NIOSH, Biostat & Epidemiol Bran, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Healy, Catherine B.; Coggins, Marie A.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Galway, Sch Phys, Galway, Ireland. [Susi, Pam] CPWR Ctr Construct Res & Training, Exposure Assessment Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [O'Brien, Andrew] Unimin Corp, Winchester, VA 22601 USA. RP Lee, T (reprint author), NIOSH, Exposure Assessment Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM fwc8@cdc.gov OI Susi, pam/0000-0003-2084-0165 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 EI 1475-3162 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD APR PY 2016 VL 60 IS 3 BP 334 EP 347 DI 10.1093/annhyg/mev081 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DJ5FY UT WOS:000374233400007 PM 26608952 ER PT J AU Cunningham, TJ Eke, PI Ford, ES Agaku, IT Wheaton, AG Croft, JB AF Cunningham, Timothy J. Eke, Paul I. Ford, Earl S. Agaku, Israel T. Wheaton, Anne G. Croft, Janet B. TI Cigarette Smoking, Tooth Loss, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Findings From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; inflammation; oral health; pulmonary disease; chronic obstructive; tobacco; tooth loss ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; POOR ORAL-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; PERIODONTAL-DISEASE; ADULTS; EXACERBATION; ASSOCIATIONS; MORTALITY; COPD; LIFE AB Background: Cigarette smoking and tooth loss are seldom considered concurrently as determinants of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study examines the multiplicative effect of self-reported tooth loss and cigarette smoking on COPD among United States adults aged >= 18 years. Methods: Data were taken from the 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (n = 439,637). Log-linear regression-estimated prevalence ratios (PRs) are reported for the interaction of combinations of tooth loss (0, 1 to 5, 6 to 31, or all) and cigarettes smoking status (never, former, or current) with COPD after adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, educational attainment, employment, health insurance coverage, dental care utilization, and diabetes. Results: Overall, 45.7% respondents reported having >= 1 teeth removed from tooth decay or gum disease, 18.9% reported being current cigarette smokers, and 6.3% reported having COPD. Smoking and tooth loss from tooth decay or gum disease were associated with an increased likelihood of COPD. Compared with never smokers with no teeth removed, all combinations of smoking status categories and tooth loss had a higher likelihood of COPD, with adjusted PRs ranging from 1.5 (never smoker with 1 to 5 teeth removed) to 6.5 (current smoker with all teeth removed) (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: Tooth loss status significantly modifies the association between cigarette smoking and COPD. An increased understanding of causal mechanisms linking cigarette smoking, oral health, and COPD, particularly the role of tooth loss, infection, and subsequent inflammation, is essential to reduce the burden of COPD. Health providers should counsel their patients about cigarette smoking, preventive dental care, and COPD risk. C1 [Cunningham, Timothy J.; Eke, Paul I.; Ford, Earl S.; Wheaton, Anne G.; Croft, Janet B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Agaku, Israel T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Cunningham, TJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tjcunningham@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 USA SN 0022-3492 EI 1943-3670 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD APR PY 2016 VL 87 IS 4 BP 385 EP 394 DI 10.1902/jop.2015.150370 PG 10 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA DL7TK UT WOS:000375842800009 PM 26537367 ER PT J AU Agaku, I Caixeta, R de Souza, MC Blanco, A Hennis, A AF Agaku, Israel Caixeta, Roberta de Souza, Mirian Carvalho Blanco, Adriana Hennis, Anselm TI Race and Tobacco Use: A Global Perspective SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material ID CIGARETTE-SMOKING; ADULTS AB These findings suggest that there are no "fixed" racial patterns of tobacco use around the globe. Cross-country differences in tobacco use among races could be modified by cultural influences, domestic tobacco control, or socioeconomic factors. There is need for enhanced efforts to monitor tobacco use by race/ethnicity to identify existing and emerging patterns in tobacco use by race, as well as identify opportunities for interventions. Tailored interventions to reduce tobacco use within different settings and countries may help reduce tobacco use among racial/ethnic minorities. Implementation of comprehensive tobacco control measures could be facilitated by community-based efforts, ensuring that disadvantaged populations are engaged as partners to adapt tobacco control policies and interventions to local contexts and health equity issues. C1 [Agaku, Israel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Caixeta, Roberta; Blanco, Adriana; Hennis, Anselm] Pan Amer Hlth Org WHO, Dept Noncommunicable Dis & Mental Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [de Souza, Mirian Carvalho] Brazilian Natl Canc Inst, Dept Epidemiol, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Agaku, I (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Epidemiol Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM iagaku@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2014-M-58879] FX This article appears as part of the supplement "Critical Examination of Factors Related to the Smoking Trajectory among African American Youth and Young Adults," sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract no. 200-2014-M-58879. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 EI 1469-994X J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD APR PY 2016 VL 18 SU 1 BP S88 EP S90 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntv225 PG 3 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DJ5EK UT WOS:000374229400012 PM 26980869 ER PT J AU Bauer, UE AF Bauer, Ursula E. TI Understanding the African American "Smoker" SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material ID RACIAL/ETHNIC DIFFERENCES; SMOKING PREVALENCE; UNITED-STATES; CIGARETTE USE; YOUNG-ADULTS; MARIJUANA; ADOLESCENCE; TOBACCO AB This commentary draws on the articles contained in this special African American youth and adult tobacco use supplement to better understand the apparent paradox of low youth smoking rates and high adult smoking rates. Implications for tobacco use prevention and control are discussed. Implications: This commentary introduces the reader to the topics and questions addressed in the supplement and urges an invigorated public health response to address tobacco-caused disease and death in African Americans. C1 [Bauer, Ursula E.] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F-80, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Bauer, UE (reprint author), Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F-80, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ubauer@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2014-M-58879] FX This article appears as part of the supplement "Critical Examination of Factors Related to the Smoking Trajectory among African American Youth and Young Adults,"sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract no. 200-2014-M-58879. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 EI 1469-994X J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD APR PY 2016 VL 18 SU 1 BP S7 EP S10 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntv192 PG 4 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DJ5EK UT WOS:000374229400002 PM 26980866 ER PT J AU Caraballo, RS Sharapova, SR Asman, KJ AF Caraballo, Ralph S. Sharapova, Saida R. Asman, Katherine J. TI Does a Race-Gender-Age Crossover Effect Exist in Current Cigarette Smoking Between Non-Hispanic Blacks and Non-Hispanic Whites? United States, 2001-2013 SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; SELF-REPORTED SMOKING; SERUM COTININE LEVELS; DRUG-USE; SALIVARY COTININE; SMOKERS FINDINGS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; RISK BEHAVIOR; SUBSTANCE USE; ALCOHOL-USE AB For years, national US surveys have found a lower prevalence of cigarette smoking among non-Hispanic (NH) black adolescents and young adults than their NH white counterparts while finding either similar or higher prevalence in NH blacks among older adults. We present results from four US surveys, including one supplemented by cotinine data, to determine if a race-gender-age crossover effect exists between NH black and NH white current cigarette smokers. We present NH black and NH white current cigarette smoking estimates in the National Youth Tobacco Survey (2004-2013), National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2002-2013), National Health Interview Survey (2001-2013), and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2012). All surveys consistently found that NH black females aged 12-25 years had a lower smoking prevalence than NH white females of the same age while NH black males aged 26 years or older had a higher smoking prevalence than NH white males of the same age. Results were inconsistent between surveys for current smoking estimates for males 12-25 years and females aged 26 years or older. Our results are inconclusive in consistently detecting the existence of a race-gender-age crossover effect for current cigarette smoking between NH blacks and NH whites. National birth cohort studies are better suited to detect a race-gender-age crossover effect in smoking prevalence between these two racial groups. C1 [Caraballo, Ralph S.; Sharapova, Saida R.] Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis & Hlth Promot, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Asman, Katherine J.] RTI Int, Biostat & Epidemiol Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Caraballo, RS (reprint author), Off Smoking & Hlth, Epidemiol Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rfc8@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2014-M-58879] FX This article appears as part of the supplement "Critical Examination of Factors Related to the Smoking Trajectory among African American Youth and Young Adults," sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract no. 200-2014-M-58879. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 EI 1469-994X J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD APR PY 2016 VL 18 SU 1 BP S41 EP S48 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntv150 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DJ5EK UT WOS:000374229400006 PM 26980863 ER PT J AU Garrett, BE Gardiner, PS Wright, LTC Pechacek, TF AF Garrett, Bridgette E. Gardiner, Phillip S. Wright, La Tanisha C. Pechacek, Terry F. TI The African American Youth Smoking Experience: An Overview SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POINT-OF-SALE; UNITED-STATES; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; TOBACCO PROMOTION; LUNG-CANCER; ADOLESCENT; DENSITY; TRENDS; IMPACT AB Introduction: Beginning in the late 1970s, a very sharp decline in cigarette smoking prevalence was observed among African American (AA) high school seniors compared with a more modest decline among whites. This historic decline resulted in a lower prevalence of cigarette smoking among AA youth that has persisted for several decades. Methods: We synthesized information contained in the research literature and tobacco industry documents to provide an account of past influences on cigarette smoking behavior among AA youth to help understand the reasons for these historically lower rates of cigarette smoking. Results: While a number of protective factors including cigarette price increases, religiosity, parental opposition, sports participation, body image, and negative attitudes towards cigarette smoking may have all played a role in maintaining lower rates of cigarette smoking among AA youth as compared to white youth, the efforts of the tobacco industry seem to have prevented the effectiveness of these factors from carrying over into adulthood. Conclusion: Continuing public health efforts that prevent cigarette smoking initiation and maintain lower cigarette smoking rates among AA youth throughout adulthood have the potential to help reduce the negative health consequences of smoking in this population. Implications: While AA youth continue to have a lower prevalence of cigarette smoking than white youth, they are still at risk of increasing their smoking behavior due to aggressive targeted marketing by the tobacco industry. Because AAs suffer disproportionately from tobacco-related disease, and have higher incidence and mortality rates from lung cancer, efforts to prevent smoking initiation and maintain lower cigarette smoking rates among AA youth have the potential to significantly lower lung cancer death rates among AA adults. C1 [Garrett, Bridgette E.] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Gardiner, Phillip S.] Univ Calif Oakland, Tobacco Related Dis Res Program, Off President, Oakland, CA USA. [Pechacek, Terry F.] Georgia State Univ, Hlth Management & Policy Div, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Garrett, BE (reprint author), Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM bgarrett@cdc.gov FU Pfizer, Inc. FX Dr Pechacek receives unrestricted support from Pfizer, Inc. ("Diffusion of Tobacco Control Fundamentals to Other Large Chinese Cities" - Michael Eriksen, Principal Investigator). NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 EI 1469-994X J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD APR PY 2016 VL 18 SU 1 BP S11 EP S15 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntv203 PG 5 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DJ5EK UT WOS:000374229400003 PM 26980860 ER PT J AU Kennedy, SM Sharapova, SR Beasley, DD Hsia, J AF Kennedy, Sara M. Sharapova, Saida R. Beasley, Derrick D. Hsia, Jason TI Cigarette Smoking Among Inmates by Race/Ethnicity: Impact of Excluding African American Young Adult Men From National Prevalence Estimates SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; QUITTING SMOKING; BAN; PRISONERS; BEHAVIOR AB Introduction: Cigarette smoking prevalence is more than two times greater among incarcerated adults, a population usually excluded from national health surveys. African American young adult (18-25) men are less likely to smoke cigarettes than their white counterparts. However, they are two and a-half-times more likely to be incarcerated. This study estimated smoking prevalence with noninstitutionalized and incarcerated samples combined to determine if excluding incarcerated adults impacts smoking prevalence for certain populations. Methods: The Bureau of Justice Statistics last fielded the Survey of Inmates in State and Federal Correction Facilities in 2003-2004. We combined data from Survey of Inmates in State and Federal Correction Facilities (n = 17 910) and the 2003 and 2004 National Health Interview Survey (n = 61 470) to calculate combined cigarette smoking estimates by race/ethnicity, sex, and age. Results: Inmates represented the greatest proportion of smokers among African American men. Among African American young adult men, inmates represented 15.2% of all smokers in the combined population, compared to 2.0% among white young adult men. Cigarette smoking prevalence was 17.6% in the noninstitutionalized population of young adult African American men and 19.7% in the combined population. Among white young adult men, cigarette smoking prevalence was 29.8% in the noninstitutionalized population, and 30.2% in the combined population. There was little difference in estimates among women. Conclusions: The exclusion of incarcerated African American young adult men may result in a small underestimation of cigarette smoking prevalence in this population. Increasing access to smoking cessation support among inmates may reduce smoking prevalence in disproportionately incarcerated segments of the US population. Implications: The exclusion of incarcerated adults from national survey data should be considered when examining differences in cigarette smoking prevalence estimates between African American and white young adult men. Approximately one in six African American young adult men who smoke were incarcerated. Increasing access to smoking cessation support among inmates may reduce smoking prevalence among disproportionately incarcerated segments of the population. C1 [Kennedy, Sara M.] RTI Int, Biostat & Epidemiol Div, 2951 Flowers Rd South,Suite 119, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sharapova, Saida R.; Hsia, Jason] Off Smoking & Hlth, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Beasley, Derrick D.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Kennedy, SM (reprint author), RTI Int, Biostat & Epidemiol Div, 2951 Flowers Rd South,Suite 119, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sarakennedy@rti.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2014-M-58879] FX This article appears as part of the supplement "Critical Examination of Factors Related to the Smoking Trajectory among African American Youth and Young Adults," sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract no. 200-2014-M-58879. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 EI 1469-994X J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD APR PY 2016 VL 18 SU 1 BP S73 EP S78 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntv157 PG 6 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DJ5EK UT WOS:000374229400010 PM 26980867 ER PT J AU Kennedy, SM Caraballo, RS Rolle, IV Rock, VJ AF Kennedy, Sara M. Caraballo, Ralph S. Rolle, Italia V. Rock, Valerie J. TI Not Just Cigarettes: A More Comprehensive Look at Marijuana and Tobacco Use Among African American and White Youth and Young Adults SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; NICOTINE DEPENDENCE; CANNABIS USE; SMOKING; ADOLESCENTS; HEALTH; SMOKERS AB Cigarettes, cigars, and marijuana have generally been studied in isolation yet their use does not occur in isolation. Focus on cigarette smoking may overstate the observation that African American youth and young adults are less likely to smoke any combustible product compared with their white counterparts. Assessing cigarette, cigar, and marijuana use trends may help identify the extent of this difference. Data from the 2002-2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (N = 25 541 to N = 28 232) were used to investigate past 30-day cigarette, cigar, and marijuana use trends among African American and white youth (12-17) and young adults (18-25). Logistic regressions assessed trends in combustible tobacco (cigarettes and cigars) and marijuana use, alone and in combination. From 2002-2012, the absolute difference in cigarette smoking prevalence between African American and white youth (9.6%-4.2%) and young adults (19.0%-10.5%) narrowed. Any combustible tobacco/marijuana use was significantly lower among African Americans than whites but, relative to cigarettes, the absolute difference was much smaller among youth (7.2%-2.2%) and young adults (15.8%-5.6%). Among any combustible tobacco/marijuana users, using two or more substances ranged from 31.4% to 40.3% among youth and 29.1% to 39.8% among young adults. Any combustible tobacco/marijuana use trends suggest the smoking prevalence difference between African American and white youth and young adults is real, but less pronounced than when assessing cigarette smoking alone. Policies and programs addressing smoking behaviors may benefit from broadening focus to monitor and address cigar and marijuana use as well. Trends in any use of cigarettes, cigars, and/or marijuana suggest the difference in smoking prevalence between African American and white youth and young adults is real, but less pronounced than when cigarette smoking is assessed alone. In 2012, more than 10% of African American and white youth, more than a third of African American young adults, and nearly half of white young adults reported past 30-day use of cigarette, cigars, and/or marijuana. Public health programs aimed at reducing these behaviors among youth and young adults could be informed by considering detailed, race-specific information regarding tobacco and marijuana use patterns. C1 [Kennedy, Sara M.] RTI Int, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, 2951 Flowers Rd South,Suite 119, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Caraballo, Ralph S.; Rolle, Italia V.; Rock, Valerie J.] Off Smoking & Hlth, Epidemiol Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kennedy, SM (reprint author), RTI Int, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, 2951 Flowers Rd South,Suite 119, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sarakennedy@rti.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2014-M-58879] FX This article appears as part of the supplement "Critical Examination of Factors Related to the Smoking Trajectory among African American Youth and Young Adults," sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract no. 200-2014-M-58879. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 EI 1469-994X J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD APR PY 2016 VL 18 SU 1 BP S65 EP S72 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntv202 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DJ5EK UT WOS:000374229400009 PM 26980865 ER PT J AU Kennedy, SM Patel, RP Cheh, P Hsia, J Rolle, IV AF Kennedy, Sara M. Patel, Roshni P. Cheh, Paul Hsia, Jason Rolle, Italia V. TI Tobacco and Marijuana Initiation Among African American and White Young Adults SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DRUG-USE; NICOTINE DEPENDENCE; SUBSTANCE USE; CIGARETTE USE; SMOKING; ADOLESCENT; GATEWAY; HEALTH; TRAJECTORIES; ASSOCIATIONS AB African American youth use marijuana at similar rates and tobacco at lower rates compared with white youth; however, in adulthood, tobacco use is similar. Tobacco and marijuana use are closely associated; differing initiation patterns may contribute to observed racial differences in tobacco prevalence by age. Therefore, it is important to assess tobacco and marijuana initiation patterns by race. Data were obtained from 56 555 adults aged 18-25 who completed the 2005-2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. The analysis was restricted to those who reported ever use of marijuana and combustible tobacco (cigarettes and/or cigars). Three mutually exclusive categories of initiation patterns were evaluated: use of marijuana before tobacco; marijuana and tobacco at the same age; and tobacco before marijuana. Multivariable regression models were used to assess changes over time and compare these outcomes by race while controlling for sociodemographics, risk perceptions, and current substance use. In 2005, 26.6% of African American and 14.3% of white young adults used marijuana before tobacco, compared with 41.5% of African American and 24.0% of white young adults in 2012 (P < .001). Overall, African American young adults had greater odds of using marijuana before tobacco (AOR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.67, 1.91) compared with whites. African American young adults were more likely than whites to use marijuana before tobacco and both groups were increasingly likely to use marijuana before tobacco over time. A greater understanding of how marijuana initiation interacts with tobacco initiation could inform more effective tobacco and marijuana use prevention efforts. Among ever users of combustible tobacco and marijuana, greater proportions of African American young adults used marijuana before tobacco or at the same age than their white counterparts. Moreover, both African Americans and whites were more likely to use marijuana before tobacco in 2012 compared with 2005. Tobacco control policy may benefit from a broader understanding of the patterns of initiation to tobacco and marijuana use. Some public health interventions aimed at preventing and reducing combustible tobacco use among African American young adults may be strengthened by considering marijuana use. C1 [Kennedy, Sara M.] RTI Int, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, 2951 Flowers Rd S,Suite 119, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Patel, Roshni P.] DB Consulting, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cheh, Paul] Robert Wood Johnson Fdn, Strengthening Vulnerable Children & Families Port, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Hsia, Jason; Rolle, Italia V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kennedy, SM (reprint author), RTI Int, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, 2951 Flowers Rd S,Suite 119, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sarakennedy@rti.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2014-M-58879] FX This research was supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract # 200-2014-M-58879 and, in part, by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 EI 1469-994X J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD APR PY 2016 VL 18 SU 1 BP S57 EP S64 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntv194 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DJ5EK UT WOS:000374229400008 PM 26391577 ER PT J AU Rolle, IV Beasley, DD Kennedy, SM Rock, VJ Neff, L AF Rolle, Italia V. Beasley, Derrick D. Kennedy, Sara M. Rock, Valerie J. Neff, Linda TI National Surveys and Tobacco Use Among African Americans: A Review of Critical Factors SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID REPORTED CIGARETTE-SMOKING; SERUM COTININE LEVELS; UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-ADULTS; RACIAL/ETHNIC DISPARITIES; MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS; HOMELESS ADULTS; PRODUCT USE; MENTHOL; SMOKERS AB Beginning in the 1970s, US national surveys showed African American youth having a lower prevalence of cigarette smoking than white youth. Yet, during adulthood, African Americans have a smoking prevalence comparable to white adults. Data sources chosen can contribute in different ways to understanding tobacco use behaviors among African American youth and adults; this article is a review of national and/or state-based health surveys to examine their methodology, racial and ethnic classifications, and tobacco-use related measures. Eleven national and/or state based surveys were selected for review. Eight surveys were multitopic and included questions on tobacco use and three surveys were tobacco specific. Survey methods included telephone (4), household (3), and school (4). Three major characteristics examined for each survey were: (1) survey design and methods, (2) racial and ethnic background classification, and (3) selected tobacco smoking questions. Within these three characteristics, 15 factors considered to be important for examining tobacco use behaviors by African Americans were identified a priori using previously published reviews and studies. Within survey design and methods, the majority of surveys (a parts per thousand yen7) oversampled African Americans and did not use proxy respondents for tobacco questions. All surveys used Office of Management and Budget standard classification for race/ethnicity classification. The majority of surveys (a parts per thousand yen7) captured five of the seven tobacco-related smoking questions. Programmatic objectives and/or research questions should guide the selection of data sources for tobacco control programs and researchers examining African American tobacco use behaviors. This review of 11 national and state tobacco-related surveys shows that these surveys provide much needed estimates of tobacco use behaviors. However, as tobacco programs and researchers seek to examine tobacco use behaviors among African Americans, it is important to consider multiple surveys as each can contribute to informing the tobacco experience in African Americans. Most importantly, programmatic objectives and/or research questions should guide the selection of data sources for tobacco control programs and researchers examining African American tobacco use behaviors. C1 [Rolle, Italia V.; Rock, Valerie J.; Neff, Linda] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Beasley, Derrick D.] Emory Univ, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kennedy, Sara M.] Res Triangle Inst, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rolle, IV (reprint author), Off Smoking & Hlth, Epidemiol Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM itr2@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2014-M-58879] FX This article appears as part of the supplement "Critical Examination of Factors Related to the Smoking Trajectory among African American Youth and Young Adults," sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract no. 200-2014-M-58879. NR 90 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 EI 1469-994X J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD APR PY 2016 VL 18 SU 1 BP S30 EP S40 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntv195 PG 11 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DJ5EK UT WOS:000374229400005 PM 26980862 ER PT J AU Orozco, AM Yeung, LF Guo, J Carriquiry, A Berry, RJ AF Orozco, Angela M. Yeung, Lorraine F. Guo, Jing Carriquiry, Alicia Berry, Robert J. TI Characteristics of US Adults with Usual Daily Folic Acid Intake above the Tolerable Upper Intake Level: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2010 SO NUTRIENTS LA English DT Article DE NHANES; folic acid; dietary supplements ID COLORECTAL-CANCER; RISK; FOLATE; SUPPLEMENTATION; FORTIFICATION; METAANALYSIS; PREVENTION; CHILDREN; TRIALS; STROKE AB The Food and Drug Administration mandated that by 1998, all enriched cereal grain products (ECGP) be fortified with folic acid in order to prevent the occurrence of neural tube defects. The Institute of Medicine established the tolerable upper intake level (UL) for folic acid (1000 mu g/day for adults) in 1998. We characterized U.S. adults with usual daily folic acid intake exceeding the UL. Using NHANES 2003-2010 data, we estimated the percentage of 18,321 non-pregnant adults with usual daily folic acid intake exceeding the UL, and among them, we calculated the weighted percentage by sex, age, race/ethnicity, sources of folic acid intake, supplement use and median usual daily folic acid intakes. Overall, 2.7% (standard error 0.6%) of participants had usual daily intake exceeding the UL for folic acid; 62.2% were women; 86.3% were non-Hispanic whites; and 98.5% took supplements containing folic acid. When stratified by sex and age groups among those with usual daily folic acid intake exceeding the UL, 20.8% were women aged 19-39 years. Those with usual daily intake exceeding the folic acid UL were more likely to be female, non-Hispanic white, supplement users or to have at least one chronic medical condition compared to those not exceeding the folic acid UL. Among those with usual daily folic acid intake exceeding the UL who also took supplements, 86.6% took on average >400 mu g of folic acid/day from supplements. Everyone with usual daily folic acid intake exceeding the UL consumed folic acid from multiple sources. No one in our study population had usual daily folic acid intake exceeding the UL through consumption of mandatorily-fortified enriched cereal grain products alone. Voluntary consumption of supplements containing folic acid is the main factor associated with usual daily intake exceeding the folic acid UL. C1 [Orozco, Angela M.; Yeung, Lorraine F.; Guo, Jing; Berry, Robert J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Orozco, Angela M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Carriquiry, Alicia] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Yeung, LF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM aorozco1@jhmi.edu; LYeung@cdc.gov; shashagj@gmail.com; alicia@iastate.edu; rjb1@cdc.gov OI Yeung, Lorraine/0000-0002-1553-5935; Berry, Robert/0000-0002-7162-5046 NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 4 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6643 J9 NUTRIENTS JI Nutrients PD APR PY 2016 VL 8 IS 4 AR 195 DI 10.3390/nu8040195 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DK0GH UT WOS:000374590200018 PM 27043623 ER PT J AU King, J Patel, V Jamoom, E DesRoches, C AF King, Jennifer Patel, Vaishali Jamoom, Eric DesRoches, Catherine TI The Role of Health IT and Delivery System Reform in Facilitating Advanced Care Delivery SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE LA English DT Article ID CENTERED MEDICAL HOME; INFORMATION-TECHNOLOGY; ORGANIZATIONS; MANAGEMENT; QUALITY; INCENTIVES; RECORDS AB Objectives: To examine whether physicians using health information technology and participating in new models of payment and delivery were more likely to perform care processes associated with improved care delivery. Study Design: Nationally representative, cross-sectional data on US office-based physicians from the 2012 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey Physician Workflow Survey. Methods: Multivariate regression analysis of whether physicians routinely performed 14 specific care processes in 4 categories: population management, quality measurement, patient communication, and care coordination. Key independent measures were electronic health record (EHR) use and accountable care organization (ACO) or patient-centered medical home (PCMH) participation. Results: A majority of physicians reported routinely conduct at least 1 care process related to care coordination (89%), patient communication (69%), and population management (67%); less than half reported performing at least 1 quality measurement process routinely (44%). EHR use and ACO or PCMH participation were independently associated with a higher likelihood of performing care processes. Physicians who were using EHRs in combination with participation in ACO or PCMH initiatives had the highest likelihood of routinely performing the care processes: physicians who used an EHR and participated in ACO or PCMH initiatives were between 6 and 22 percentage points more likely to routinely perform the care processes than physicians with EHRs alone. Conclusions: In 2012, physicians using EHRs and participating in ACO or PCMH initiatives were more likely than other physicians to be routinely engaging in care processes expected to improve healthcare outcomes. Yet, many US physicians were not performing these processes routinely. This analysis highlights several specific areas where more work is necessary to facilitate wider adoption of these activities. C1 [King, Jennifer; Patel, Vaishali] Off Natl Coordinator Hlth Informat Technol, 330 C St SW,Rm 7025A, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Jamoom, Eric] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD USA. [DesRoches, Catherine] Math Policy Res, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Patel, V (reprint author), Off Natl Coordinator Hlth Informat Technol, 330 C St SW,Rm 7025A, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM vaishali.patel@hhs.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 5 PU MANAGED CARE & HEALTHCARE COMMUNICATIONS LLC PI PLAINSBORO PA 666 PLAINSBORO RD, STE 300, PLAINSBORO, NJ 08536 USA SN 1088-0224 J9 AM J MANAG CARE JI Am. J. Manag. Care PD APR PY 2016 VL 22 IS 4 BP 258 EP + PG 19 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA DK6XP UT WOS:000375069400008 PM 27143291 ER PT J AU Kato, C Chung, I Paddock, C AF Kato, C. Chung, I. Paddock, C. TI Estimation of Rickettsia rickettsii copy number in the blood of patients with Rocky Mountain spotted fever suggests cyclic diurnal trends in bacteraemia SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Letter C1 [Kato, C.; Chung, I.; Paddock, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kato, C (reprint author), CDC, NCEZID, RZB, Bldg 17,Rm 3208,MailStop G-13,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM CKato@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1198-743X EI 1469-0691 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD APR PY 2016 VL 22 IS 4 BP 394 EP 396 DI 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.12.019 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DL1NW UT WOS:000375399900028 PM 26724989 ER PT J AU Scinicariello, F Feroe, AG Attanasio, R AF Scinicariello, Franco Feroe, Aliya G. Attanasio, Roberta TI Urinary Phthalates and Leukocyte Telomere Length: An Analysis of NHANES 1999-2002 SO EBIOMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Phthalate esters: di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate; Mono-(2-ethyl)-hexyl phthalate; Leukocyte telomere length; NHANES ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; NON-HODGKIN-LYMPHOMA; INDUCE PROLIFERATION; NEUROBLASTOMA-CELLS; SIGNALING PATHWAY; QUANTITATIVE PCR; NATIONAL-HEALTH; BREAST-CANCER; US POPULATION; RISK AB The International Agency for Research on Cancer classified the di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) as "possibly carcinogenic to humans". In vitro studies reported that phthalate exposure resulted in induction of several nuclear transcription factors that are activators of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and telomerase activity of the human telomerase complex. The objective of this study was to determine whether there is an association between urinary phthalate metabolites [mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-butyl phthalate (MBP), mono-(2-ethyl)-hexyl phthalate (MEHP), and mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in the adult population of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2002 (n = 2472). After adjustment for potential confounders, participants in the 3rd and 4th quartiles of urinary MEHP had statistically significantly longer LTL (5.34%, 95% CI: 1.31, 9.53; and 7.14%, 95% CI: 2.94, 11.63; respectively) compared to the lowest quartile, with evidence of a dose-response relationship (p-trend = 0.01). The association remained when the analyses were stratified by age groups (20-39 years, 40-59 years, and 60 years and older), and sex. Furthermore, MBP and MBzP were associated with higher LTL in older participants. The age independent association between longer LTL and MEHP (a metabolite of DEHP) might suggest a possible role of MEHP as tumor promoter. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). C1 [Scinicariello, Franco] ATSDR, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Feroe, Aliya G.] Bowdoin Coll, Dept Biol, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA. [Attanasio, Roberta] Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Scinicariello, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM fes6@cdc.gov NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2352-3964 J9 EBIOMEDICINE JI EBioMedicine PD APR PY 2016 VL 6 BP 96 EP 102 DI 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.02.027 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DK7BS UT WOS:000375080400023 PM 27211552 ER PT J AU McClure, RJ Mack, K AF McClure, Roderick J. Mack, Karin TI Injury surveillance as a distributed system of systems SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [McClure, Roderick J.] Monash Univ, Accident Res Ctr, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia. [Mack, Karin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP McClure, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Anal Res & Practice Integrat, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rmcclure@cdc.gov NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 EI 1475-5785 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD APR PY 2016 VL 22 SU 1 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041788 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9TJ UT WOS:000375274100001 PM 26715640 ER PT J AU Blair, JM Fowler, KA Jack, SPD Crosby, AE AF Blair, Janet M. Fowler, Katherine A. Jack, Shane P. D. Crosby, Alexander E. TI The National Violent Death Reporting System: overview and future directions SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; SURVEILLANCE; STATES AB Objective To describe the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS). This is a surveillance system for monitoring the occurrence of homicides, suicides, unintentional firearm deaths, deaths of undetermined intent, and deaths from legal intervention (excluding legal executions) in the US. Design This report provides information about the history, scope, data variables, processes, utility, limitations, and future directions of the NVDRS. Results The NVDRS currently operates in 32 states, with the goal of future expansion to all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and US territories. The system uses existing primary data sources (death certificates, coroner/medical examiner reports, and law enforcement reports), and links them together to provide a comprehensive picture of the circumstances surrounding violent deaths. Conclusions This report provides an overview of the NVDRS including a description of the system, discussion of its expanded capability, the use of new technologies as the system has evolved, how the data are being used for violence prevention efforts, and future directions. C1 [Blair, Janet M.; Fowler, Katherine A.; Jack, Shane P. D.; Crosby, Alexander E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Blair, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM JBlair@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 EI 1475-5785 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD APR PY 2016 VL 22 SU 1 BP 6 EP 11 DI 10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041819 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9TJ UT WOS:000375274100003 PM 26718549 ER PT J AU Chiang, LF Kress, H Sumner, SA Gleckel, J Kawemama, P Gordon, RN AF Chiang, Laura F. Kress, Howard Sumner, Steven A. Gleckel, Jessie Kawemama, Philbert Gordon, Rebecca N. TI Violence Against Children Surveys (VACS): towards a global surveillance system SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; RISKY SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; HEALTH BEHAVIORS; ABUSE; MALTREATMENT; METAANALYSIS; ADULTS; HIV; EXPOSURE; BURDEN AB Objective To describe the Violence Against Children Surveys (VACS). The survey is a national, household survey that systematically measures the prevalence, nature and consequences of sexual, physical and emotional violence against children. Design This report provides information about the history, implementation, ethical protections, utility, results, limitations, and future directions of the VACS work. Results The study has been implemented in 11 countries in Africa, Asia and the Caribbean, providing each of these countries with baseline data and momentum to address violence against children as a public health and human rights priority. These data are novel in each country, and VACS is well poised to contribute to an existing surveillance system or be used as the basis of a periodic surveillance system. Conclusions Without ongoing surveillance to assess prevalence and the impact of policy, prevention and response programming, violence will likely continue to be overlooked as the linchpin public health crisis that it is, globally and in individual countries. C1 [Chiang, Laura F.; Kress, Howard; Sumner, Steven A.; Gleckel, Jessie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kawemama, Philbert] Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Dept Social Welf, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Gordon, Rebecca N.] UNAIDS, Together Girls, Washington, DC USA. RP Chiang, LF (reprint author), CDC, Div Violence Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop F-64, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM LChiang@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 EI 1475-5785 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD APR PY 2016 VL 22 SU 1 BP 17 EP 22 DI 10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041820 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9TJ UT WOS:000375274100005 PM 27044493 ER PT J AU Martinez, R Ordunez, P Soliz, PN Ballesteros, MF AF Martinez, Ramon Ordunez, Pedro Soliz, Patricia N. Ballesteros, Michael F. TI Data visualisation in surveillance for injury prevention and control: conceptual bases and case studies SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID VISUAL ANALYTICS AB Background The complexity of current injury-related health issues demands the usage of diverse and massive data sets for comprehensive analyses, and application of novel methods to communicate data effectively to the public health community, decision-makers and the public. Recent advances in information visualisation, availability of new visual analytic methods and tools, and progress on information technology provide an opportunity for shaping the next generation of injury surveillance. Objective To introduce data visualisation conceptual bases, and propose a visual analytic and visualisation platform in public health surveillance for injury prevention and control. Methods The paper introduces data visualisation conceptual bases, describes a visual analytic and visualisation platform, and presents two real-world case studies illustrating their application in public health surveillance for injury prevention and control. Results Application of visual analytic and visualisation platform is presented as solution for improved access to heterogeneous data sources, enhance data exploration and analysis, communicate data effectively, and support decision-making. Conclusions Applications of data visualisation concepts and visual analytic platform could play a key role to shape the next generation of injury surveillance. Visual analytic and visualisation platform could improve data use, the analytic capacity, and ability to effectively communicate findings and key messages. The public health surveillance community is encouraged to identify opportunities to develop and expand its use in injury prevention and control. C1 [Martinez, Ramon; Ordunez, Pedro] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Dept Noncommunicable Dis & Mental Hlth, 525 23rd St NW, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Soliz, Patricia N.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Unit Hlth Informat & Anal, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Ballesteros, Michael F.] CDC, Div Anal Res & Practice Integrat, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Martinez, R (reprint author), Pan Amer Hlth Org, Dept Noncommunicable Dis & Mental Hlth, 525 23rd St NW, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM martiner@paho.org FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 EI 1475-5785 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD APR PY 2016 VL 22 SU 1 BP 27 EP 33 DI 10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041812 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9TJ UT WOS:000375274100007 PM 26728006 ER PT J AU Peck, M Falk, H Meddings, D Sugerman, D Mehta, S Sage, M AF Peck, Michael Falk, Henry Meddings, David Sugerman, David Mehta, Sumi Sage, Michael TI The design and evaluation of a system for improved surveillance and prevention programmes in resource-limited settings using a hospital-based burn injury questionnaire SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID TRAUMA REGISTRIES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; COUNTRIES AB Background Limited and fragmented data collection systems exist for burn injury. A global registry may lead to better injury estimates and identify risk factors. A collaborative effort involving the WHO, the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, the CDC and the International Society for Burn Injuries was undertaken to simplify and standardise inpatient burn data collection. An expert panel of epidemiologists and burn care practitioners advised on the development of a new Global Burn Registry (GBR) form and online data entry system that can be expected to be used in resource-abundant or resource-limited settings. Methods International burn organisations, the CDC and the WHO solicited burn centre participation to pilot test the GBR system. The WHO and the CDC led a webinar tutorial for system implementation. Results During an 8-month period, 52 hospitals in 30 countries enrolled in the pilot and were provided the GBR instrument, guidance and a data visualisation tool. Evaluations were received from 29 hospitals (56%). Key findings Median time to upload completed forms was < 10 min; physicians most commonly entered data (64%), followed by nurses (25%); layout, clarity, accuracy and relevance were all rated high; and a vast majority (85%) considered the GBR 'highly valuable' for prioritising, developing and monitoring burn prevention programmes. Conclusions The GBR was shown to be simple, flexible and acceptable to users. Enhanced regional and global understanding of burn epidemiology may help prioritise the selection, development and testing of primary prevention interventions for burns in resource-limited settings. C1 [Peck, Michael] Univ Arizona, Hlth Sci Ctr, Mel & Enid Zuckerman Coll Publ Hlth, Div Community Environm & Policy, Tucson, AZ USA. [Falk, Henry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Noncommunicable Dis Injury & Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Meddings, David] WHO, Dept Noncommunicable Dis, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Sugerman, David] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mehta, Sumi] Global Alliance Clean Cookstoves, Washington, DC USA. [Sage, Michael] Inst Publ Hlth, Oakland, CA USA. RP Peck, M (reprint author), Arizona Burn Ctr, 2601 E Roosevelt St, Phoenix, AZ 85008 USA. EM mpeck47@hotmail.com NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 EI 1475-5785 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD APR PY 2016 VL 22 SU 1 BP 56 EP 62 DI 10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041815 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9TJ UT WOS:000375274100011 PM 27044496 ER PT J AU Allegrante, JP Mitchell, RJ Taylor, JA Mack, KA AF Allegrante, John P. Mitchell, Rebecca J. Taylor, Jennifer A. Mack, Karin A. TI Injury surveillance: the next generation SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Editorial Material ID EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT PRESENTATIONS; DATA LINKAGE; AUSTRALIA; NARRATIVES; CRASH C1 [Allegrante, John P.] Columbia Univ, Teachers Coll, Dept Hlth & Behav Studies, 525 West 120th St,Box 114, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Allegrante, John P.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Sociomed Sci, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Allegrante, John P.] Reykjavik Univ, Dept Psychol, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Mitchell, Rebecca J.] Macquarie Univ, Australian Inst Hlth Innovat, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Taylor, Jennifer A.] Drexel Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Mack, Karin A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Allegrante, JP (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Teachers Coll, Dept Hlth & Behav Studies, 525 West 120th St,Box 114, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM jpa1@columbia.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 EI 1475-5785 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD APR PY 2016 VL 22 SU 1 BP 63 EP 65 DI 10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041943 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9TJ UT WOS:000375274100012 PM 27044497 ER PT J AU Mital, S Miles, G McLellan-Lemal, E Muthui, M Needle, R AF Mital, Sasha Miles, Gillian McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor Muthui, Mercy Needle, Richard TI Heroin shortage in Coastal Kenya: A rapid assessment and qualitative analysis of heroin users' experiences SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY LA English DT Article DE Heroin shortage; KENYA; HIV; Medication-assisted treatment; Drug treatment ID DRUG; IMPACT AB Introduction: While relatively rare events, abrupt disruptions in heroin availability have a significant impact on morbidity and mortality risk among those who are heroin dependent. A heroin shortage occurred in Coast Province, Kenya from December 2010 to March 2011. This qualitative analysis describes the shortage events and consequences from the perspective of heroin users, along with implications for health and other public sectors. Methods: As part of a rapid assessment, 66 key informant interviews and 15 focus groups among heroin users in Coast Province, Kenya were conducted. A qualitative thematic analysis was undertaken in Atlas.ti. to identify salient themes related to the shortage. Results: Overall, participant accounts were rooted in a theme of desperation and uncertainty, with emphasis on six sub-themes: (1) withdrawal and strategies for alleviating withdrawal, including use of medical intervention and other detoxification attempts; (2) challenges of dealing with unpredictable drug availability, cost, and purity; (3) changes in drug use patterns, and actions taken to procure heroin and other drugs; (4) modifications in drug user relationship dynamics and networks, including introduction of risky group-level injection practices; (5) family and community response; and (6) new challenges with the heroin market resurgence. Conclusions: The heroin shortage led to a series of consequences for drug users, including increased risk of morbidity, mortality and disenfranchisement at social and structural levels. Availability of evidence based services for drug users and emergency preparedness plans could have mitigated this impact. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mital, Sasha; Miles, Gillian; Needle, Richard] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-04, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-45, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Muthui, Mercy] KEMRI Complex, Mbagathi Rd Mbagathi Way,POB 606-00621, Nairobi, Kenya. [Needle, Richard] Off Global AIDS, SA-29,2nd Floor,2201 C St NW, Washington, DC 20522 USA. RP Mital, S (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-04, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM smital@cdc.gov FU U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of Global HIV/AIDS (DGHA) [3U2GPS002846] FX This study and publication was made possible by support from the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through cooperative agreement 3U2GPS002846 from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of Global HIV/AIDS (DGHA). NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0955-3959 EI 1873-4758 J9 INT J DRUG POLICY JI Int. J. Drug Policy PD APR PY 2016 VL 30 BP 91 EP 98 DI 10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.08.010 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA DK8FW UT WOS:000375163600012 PM 26470646 ER PT J AU Boyle, EB Viet, SM Wright, DJ Merrill, LS Alwis, KU Blount, BC Mortensen, ME Moye, J Dellarco, M AF Boyle, Elizabeth Barksdale Viet, Susan M. Wright, David J. Merrill, Lori S. Alwis, K. Udeni Blount, Benjamin C. Mortensen, Mary E. Moye, John, Jr. Dellarco, Michael TI Assessment of Exposure to VOCs among Pregnant Women in the National Children's Study SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE birth cohort study; pregnant women; tobacco; volatile organic compounds; urinary metabolites; National Children's Study ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; URINARY METABOLITES; SERUM COTININE; NONSMOKERS; BENZENE; SMOKERS; DISTRIBUTIONS; DETERMINANTS; BIOMARKERS AB Epidemiologic studies can measure exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using environmental samples, biomarkers, questionnaires, or observations. These different exposure assessment approaches each have advantages and disadvantages; thus, evaluating relationships is an important consideration. In the National Children's Vanguard Study from 2009 to 2010, participants completed questionnaires and data collectors observed VOC exposure sources and collected urine samples from 488 third trimester pregnant women at in-person study visits. From urine, we simultaneously quantified 28 VOC metabolites of exposure to acrolein, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, benzene, 1-bromopropane, 1,3-butadiene, carbon disulfide, crotonaldehyde, cyanide, N,N-dimethylformamide, ethylbenzene, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, styrene, tetrachloroethylene, toluene, trichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, and xylene exposures using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI/MSMS) method. Urinary thiocyanate was measured using an ion chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method (IC-ESI/MSMS). We modeled the relationship between urinary VOC metabolite concentrations and sources of VOC exposure. Sources of exposure were assessed by participant report via questionnaire (use of air fresheners, aerosols, paint or varnish, organic solvents, and passive/active smoking) and by observations by a trained data collector (presence of scented products in homes). We found several significant (p < 0.01) relationships between the urinary metabolites of VOCs and sources of VOC exposure. Smoking was positively associated with metabolites of the tobacco constituents acrolein, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, crotonaldehyde, cyanide, ethylene oxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, propylene oxide, styrene, and xylene. Study location was negatively associated with the toluene metabolite N-acetyl-S-(benzyl)-L-cysteine (BMA), and paint use was positively associated with the xylene metabolites 2-methylhippuric acid (2MHA) and 3-Methylhippuric acid & 4-methylhippuric acid (3MHA + 4MHA). A near-significant (p = 0.06) relationship was observed between acrylamide metabolites and observation of incense. C1 [Boyle, Elizabeth Barksdale; Viet, Susan M.; Wright, David J.; Merrill, Lori S.] Westat Corp, Hlth Studies, 1600 Res Blvd, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Alwis, K. Udeni; Blount, Benjamin C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Tobacco & Volatiles Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mortensen, Mary E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Moye, John, Jr.; Dellarco, Michael] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Boyle, EB (reprint author), Westat Corp, Hlth Studies, 1600 Res Blvd, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM eboyle@nas.edu; SusanViet@westat.com; DavidWright@Westat.com; LoriMerrill@westat.com; eoe3@cdc.gov; bkb3@cdc.gov; zeo4@cdc.gov; moyej@exchange.nih.go; dellarcom@mail.nih.gov OI Boyle, Elizabeth/0000-0002-9412-7998 FU Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD); Office of the Director of the National Institutes of Health; NICHD [HHSN275201200120U/GS-234-8144H] FX This manuscript, a "primary NCS publication", was developed by a writing team assembled by the NCS Publications Committee for the purpose of sharing centrally collected NCS data. The analysis was conducted as part of the National Children's Study, supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), and funded, through its appropriation, by the Office of the Director of the National Institutes of Health. Supported in part by NICHD Contract No. HHSN275201200120U/GS-234-8144H. The authors thank the participants of the National Children's Study and the study investigators and study center staff. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 6 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD APR PY 2016 VL 13 IS 4 AR 376 DI 10.3390/ijerph13040376 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9DR UT WOS:000375231300024 PM 27043585 ER PT J AU Gu, JK Charles, LE Fekedulegn, D Ma, CC Andrew, ME Burchfiel, CM AF Gu, Ja K. Charles, Luenda E. Fekedulegn, Desta Ma, Claudia C. Andrew, Michael E. Burchfiel, Cecil M. TI Prevalence of Injury in Occupation and Industry: Role of Obesity in the National Health Interview Survey 2004 to 2013 SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; SHIFT WORK; UNITED-STATES; US WORKERS; RISK; ASSOCIATIONS; NURSES AB Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate prevalence of injury by occupation and industry and obesity's role. Methods: Self-reported injuries were collected annually for US workers during 2004 to 2013. Prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained from fitted logistic regression models. Results: Overall weighted injury prevalence during the previous three months was 77 per 10,000 workers. Age-adjusted injury prevalence was greatest for Construction and Extraction workers (169.7/10,000) followed by Production (160.6) among occupations, while workers in the Construction industry sector (147.9) had the highest injury prevalence followed by the Agriculture/Forestry/Fishing/Mining/Utilities sector (122.1). Overweight and obese workers were 26% to 45% more likely to experience injuries than normal-weight workers. Conclusion: The prevalence of injury, highest for Construction workers, gradually increased as body mass index levels increased in most occupational and industry groups. C1 [Gu, Ja K.; Charles, Luenda E.; Fekedulegn, Desta; Ma, Claudia C.; Andrew, Michael E.; Burchfiel, Cecil M.] Natl Hlth Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Gu, JK (reprint author), NIOSH, HELD BEB, Mailstop L-4050,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM GUM4@CDC.GOV FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD APR PY 2016 VL 58 IS 4 BP 335 EP 343 DI 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000670 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK4ME UT WOS:000374891600012 PM 27058472 ER PT J AU Graves, MC Harris, JR Kohn, M Hannon, PA Lichiello, PA Martin, DP Ahmed, F AF Graves, Meredith C. Harris, Jeffrey R. Kohn, Marlana Hannon, Peggy A. Lichiello, Patricia A. Martin, Diane P. Ahmed, Faruque TI Employers' Views on Influenza and Tetanus-Diphtheria-Pertussis Vaccination in the Workplace SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID UNITED-STATES; ADULTS; COSTS C1 [Harris, Jeffrey R.; Kohn, Marlana; Hannon, Peggy A.; Lichiello, Patricia A.; Martin, Diane P.] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Harris, Jeffrey R.; Kohn, Marlana; Hannon, Peggy A.] Univ Washington, Hlth Promot Res Ctr, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Graves, Meredith C.] VA Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Seattle, WA USA. [Ahmed, Faruque] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Graves, MC (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD APR PY 2016 VL 58 IS 4 BP E157 EP E158 DI 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000693 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK4ME UT WOS:000374891600009 PM 27058495 ER PT J AU Palmer, BA Schmidt-Martin, D Dimitrova, Z Skums, P Crosbie, O Kenny-Walsh, E Fanning, LJ AF Palmer, Brendan A. Schmidt-Martin, Daniel Dimitrova, Zoya Skums, Pavel Crosbie, Orla Kenny-Walsh, Elizabeth Fanning, Liam J. TI Network Analysis of the Chronic Hepatitis C Virome Defines Hypervariable Region 1 Evolutionary Phenotypes in the Context of Humoral Immune Responses SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORIGINAL ANTIGENIC SIN; SCAVENGER RECEPTOR-BI; CHRONIC INFECTION; VIRUS-INFECTION; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; VIRAL POPULATION; NATURAL-HISTORY; HCV VARIANTS; PROGRESSION; ENVELOPE AB Hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) comprises the first 27 N-terminal amino acid residues of E2. It is classically seen as the most heterogeneous region of the HCV genome. In this study, we assessed HVR1 evolution by using ultradeep pyrosequencing for a cohort of treatment-naive, chronically infected patients over a short, 16-week period. Organization of the sequence set into connected components that represented single nucleotide substitution events revealed a network dominated by highly connected, centrally positioned master sequences. HVR1 phenotypes were observed to be under strong purifying (stationary) and strong positive (antigenic drift) selection pressures, which were coincident with advancing patient age and cirrhosis of the liver. It followed that stationary viromes were dominated by a single HVR1 variant surrounded by minor variants comprised from conservative single amino acid substitution events. We present evidence to suggest that neutralization antibody efficacy was diminished for stationary-virome HVR1 variants. Our results identify the HVR1 network structure during chronic infection as the preferential dominance of a single variant within a narrow sequence space. C1 [Palmer, Brendan A.; Schmidt-Martin, Daniel; Fanning, Liam J.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Dept Med, Mol Virol Diagnost & Res Lab, Cork, Ireland. [Dimitrova, Zoya; Skums, Pavel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Crosbie, Orla; Kenny-Walsh, Elizabeth] Cork Univ Hosp, Dept Hepatol, Cork, Ireland. RP Fanning, LJ (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Dept Med, Mol Virol Diagnost & Res Lab, Cork, Ireland. EM l.fanning@ucc.ie OI schmidt - martin, daniel/0000-0001-8977-3031 FU Molecular Medicine Ireland through the Clinician Scientist Structured Training Programme FX Daniel Schmidt-Martin was funded by Molecular Medicine Ireland through the Clinician Scientist Structured Training Programme. NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD APR PY 2016 VL 90 IS 7 BP 3318 EP 3329 DI 10.1128/JVI.02995-15 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA DK7QQ UT WOS:000375121200005 PM 26719263 ER PT J AU Schnell, K Collier, S Derado, G Yoder, J Gargano, JW AF Schnell, Kerry Collier, Sarah Derado, Gordana Yoder, Jonathan Gargano, Julia Warner TI Giardiasis in the United States - an epidemiologic and geospatial analysis of county-level drinking water and sanitation data, 1993-2010 SO JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE drinking water; geographic information systems; giardiasis; public health surveillance; sanitation ID ENDEMIC GIARDIASIS; RISK-FACTORS; SURVEILLANCE; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; COMMUNITY; DISEASE; CANADA; INFECTIONS; POLLUTION; SUPPLIES AB Giardiasis is the most commonly reported intestinal parasitic infection in the United States. Outbreak investigations have implicated poorly maintained private wells, and hypothesized a role for wastewater systems in giardiasis transmission. Surveillance data consistently show geographic variability in reported giardiasis incidence. We explored county-level associations between giardiasis cases, household water and sanitation (1990 census), and US Census division. Using 368,847 reported giardiasis cases (1993-2010), we mapped county-level giardiasis incidence rates, private well reliance, and septic system reliance, and assessed spatiotemporal clustering of giardiasis. We used negative binomial regression to evaluate county-level associations between giardiasis rates, region, and well and septic reliance, adjusted for demographics. Adjusted giardiasis incidence rate ratios (aIRRs) were highest (aIRR 1.3; 95% confidence interval 1.2-1.5) in counties with higher private well reliance. There was no significant association between giardiasis and septic system reliance in adjusted models. Consistent with visual geographic distributions, the aIRR of giardiasis was highest in New England (aIRR 3.3; 95% CI 2.9-3.9; reference West South Central region). Our results suggest that, in the USA, private wells are relevant to giardiasis transmission; giardiasis risk factors might vary regionally; and up-to-date, location-specific national data on water sources and sanitation methods are needed. C1 [Schnell, Kerry; Collier, Sarah; Derado, Gordana; Yoder, Jonathan; Gargano, Julia Warner] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Schnell, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM kschnell@jhmi.edu FU CDC Foundation from External Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc. FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The CDC Experience is a 1-year fellowship in applied epidemiology at CDC made possible by a public/private partnership supported by a grant to the CDC Foundation from External Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 7 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 1477-8920 J9 J WATER HEALTH JI J. Water Health PD APR PY 2016 VL 14 IS 2 BP 267 EP 279 DI 10.2166/wh.2015.283 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources GA DL0OU UT WOS:000375333100011 PM 27105412 ER PT J AU Christensen, DL Baio, J Braun, KV Bilder, D Charles, J Constantino, JN Daniels, J Durkin, MS Fitzgerald, RT Kurzius-Spencer, M Lee, LC Pettygrove, S Robinson, C Schulz, E Wells, C Wingate, MS Zahorodny, W Yeargin-Allsopp, M AF Christensen, Deborah L. Baio, Jon Braun, Kim Van Naarden Bilder, Deborah Charles, Jane Constantino, John N. Daniels, Julie Durkin, Maureen S. Fitzgerald, Robert T. Kurzius-Spencer, Margaret Lee, Li-Ching Pettygrove, Sydney Robinson, Cordelia Schulz, Eldon Wells, Chris Wingate, Martha S. Zahorodny, Walter Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn TI Prevalence and Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years - Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2012 SO MMWR SURVEILLANCE SUMMARIES LA English DT Article ID METROPOLITAN ATLANTA; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; US CHILDREN; DIAGNOSIS; COMMUNITY; RISK; IDENTIFICATION; INTERVENTION; HEALTH; TRENDS AB Problem/Condition: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Period Covered: 2012. Description of System: The Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network is an active surveillance system that provides estimates of the prevalence and characteristics of ASD among children aged 8 years whose parents or guardians reside in 11 ADDM Network sites in the United States (Arkansas, Arizona, Colorado, Georgia, Maryland, Missouri, New Jersey, North Carolina, South Carolina, Utah, and Wisconsin). Surveillance to determine ASD case status is conducted in two phases. The first phase consists of screening and abstracting comprehensive evaluations performed by professional service providers in the community Data sources identified for record review are categorized as either 1) education source type, including developmental evaluations to determine eligibility for special education services or 2) health care source type, including diagnostic and developmental evaluations. The second phase involves the review of all abstracted evaluations by trained clinicians to determine ASD surveillance case status. A child meets the surveillance case definition for ASD if one or more comprehensive evaluations of that child completed by a qualified professional describes behaviors that are consistent with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision diagnostic criteria for any of the following conditions: autistic disorder, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (including atypical autism), or Asperger disorder. This report provides ASD prevalence estimates for children aged 8 years living in catchment areas of the ADDM Network sites in 2012, overall and stratified by sex, race/ethnicity, and the type of source records (education and health records versus health records only). In addition, this report describes the proportion of children with ASD with a score consistent with intellectual disability on a standardized intellectual ability test, the age at which the earliest known comprehensive evaluation was performed, the proportion of children with a previous ASD diagnosis, the specific type of ASD diagnosis, and any special education eligibility classification. Results: For 2012, the combined estimated prevalence of ASD among the 11 ADDM Network sites was 14.6 per 1,000 (one in 68) children aged 8 years. Estimated prevalence was significantly higher among boys aged 8 years (23.6 per 1,000) than among girls aged 8 years (5.3 per 1,000). Estimated ASD prevalence was significantly higher among non-Hispanic white children aged 8 years (15.5 per 1,000) compared with non-Hispanic black children (13.2 per 1,000), and Hispanic (10.1 per 1,000) children aged 8 years. Estimated prevalence varied widely among the 11 ADDM Network sites, ranging from 8.2 per 1,000 children aged 8 years (in the area of the Maryland site where only health care records were reviewed) to 24.6 per 1,000 children aged 8 years (in New Jersey, where both education and health care records were reviewed). Estimated prevalence was higher in surveillance sites where education records and health records were reviewed compared with sites where health records only were reviewed (17.1 per 1,000 and 10.7 per 1,000 children aged 8 years, respectively; p<0.05). Among children identified with ASD by the ADDM Network, 82% had a previous ASD diagnosis or educational classification; this did not vary by sex or between non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black children. A lower percentage of Hispanic children (78%) had a previous ASD diagnosis or classification compared with non Hispanic white children (82%) and with non-Hispanic black children (84%). The median age at earliest known comprehensive evaluation was 40 months, and 43% of children had received an earliest known comprehensive evaluation by age 36 months. The percentage of children with an earliest known comprehensive evaluation by age 36 months was similar for boys and girls, but was higher for non-Hispanic white children (45%) compared with non-Hispanic black children (40%) and Hispanic children (39%). Interpretation: Overall estimated ASD prevalence was 14.6 per 1,000 children aged 8 years in the ADDM Network sites in 2012. The higher estimated prevalence among sites that reviewed both education and health records suggests the role of special education systems in providing comprehensive evaluations and services to children with developmental disabilities. Disparities by race/ethnicity in estimated ASD prevalence, particularly for Hispanic children, as well as disparities in the age of earliest comprehensive evaluation and presence of a previous ASD diagnosis or classification, suggest that access to treatment and services might be lacking or delayed for some children. Public Health Action: The ADDM Network will continue to monitor the prevalence and characteristics of ASD among children aged 8 years living in selected sites across the United States. Recommendations from the ADDM Network include enhancing strategies to 1) lower the age of first evaluation of ASD by community providers in accordance with the Healthy People 2020 goal that children with ASD are evaluated by age 36 months and begin receiving community-based support and services by age 48 months; 2) reduce disparities by race/ethnicity in identified ASD prevalence, the age of first comprehensive evaluation, and presence of a previous ASD diagnosis or classification; and 3) assess the effect on ASD prevalence of the revised ASD diagnostic criteria published in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. C1 [Christensen, Deborah L.; Baio, Jon; Braun, Kim Van Naarden; Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn] CDC, Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bilder, Deborah] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Charles, Jane] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC USA. [Constantino, John N.] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA. [Daniels, Julie] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Durkin, Maureen S.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kurzius-Spencer, Margaret] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Lee, Li-Ching] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Robinson, Cordelia] Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Robinson, Cordelia] Hlth Sci Ctr, London, England. [Schulz, Eldon] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Wells, Chris] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Wingate, Martha S.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Zahorodny, Walter] Rutgers State Univ, New Jersey Med Sch, Newark, DE USA. RP Christensen, DL (reprint author), Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, London, England. EM dchristensen@cdc.gov NR 42 TC 68 Z9 71 U1 20 U2 36 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-8636 J9 MMWR SURVEILL SUMM JI MMWR Surv. Summ. PD APR 1 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 3 BP 1 EP 23 PG 23 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL0PM UT WOS:000375335000001 PM 27031587 ER PT J AU Solhaug, EM Ihinger, J Jost, M Gamboa, V Marchant, B Bradford, D Doerge, RW Tyagi, A Replogle, A Madlung, A AF Solhaug, Erik M. Ihinger, Jacie Jost, Maria Gamboa, Veronica Marchant, Blaine Bradford, Denise Doerge, R. W. Tyagi, Anand Replogle, Amy Madlung, Andreas TI Environmental Regulation of Heterosis in the Allopolyploid Arabidopsis suecica SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENE-EXPRESSION; HYBRID SPECIATION; RELATIVE QUANTIFICATION; STARCH DEGRADATION; PLANT SPECIATION; CIRCADIAN CLOCKS; CHLOROPHYLL-A; POLYPLOIDY; THALIANA; TRANSCRIPTOME AB Allopolyploids are organisms possessing more than two complete sets of chromosomes from two or more species and are frequently more vigorous than their progenitors. To address the question why allopolyploids display hybrid vigor, we compared the natural allopolyploid Arabidopsis suecica to its progenitor species Arabidopsis thaliana and Arabidopsis arenosa. We measured chlorophyll content, CO2 assimilation, and carbohydrate production under varying light conditions and found that the allopolyploid assimilates more CO2 per unit chlorophyll than either of the two progenitor species in high intensity light. The increased carbon assimilation corresponds with greater starch accumulation, but only in strong light, suggesting that the strength of hybrid vigor is dependent on environmental conditions. In weaker light A. suecica tends to produce as much primary metabolites as the better progenitor. We found that gene expression of LIMIT DEXTRINASE1, a debranching enzyme that cleaves branch points within starch molecules, is at the same level in the allopolyploid as in the maternal progenitor A. thaliana and significantly more expressed than in the paternal progenitor A. arenosa. However, expression differences of beta-amylases and GLUCAN-WATER DIKINASE1 were not statistically significantly elevated in the allopolyploid over progenitor expression levels. In contrast to allopolyploids, autopolyploid A. thaliana showed the same photosynthetic rate as diploids, indicating that polyploidization alone is likely not the reason for enhanced vigor in the allopolyploid. Taken together, our data suggest that the magnitude of heterosis in A. suecica is environmentally regulated, arises from more efficient photosynthesis, and, under specific conditions, leads to greater starch accumulation than in its progenitor species. C1 [Solhaug, Erik M.; Ihinger, Jacie; Jost, Maria; Gamboa, Veronica; Marchant, Blaine; Tyagi, Anand; Replogle, Amy; Madlung, Andreas] Univ Puget Sound, Dept Biol, Tacoma, WA 98416 USA. [Gamboa, Veronica] Heritage Univ, Dept Sci, Toppenish, WA 98948 USA. [Bradford, Denise; Doerge, R. W.] Purdue Univ, Dept Stat, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Tyagi, Anand] Fiji Natl Univ, Dept Biol, Natabua Campus, Lautoka, Fiji. [Solhaug, Erik M.] Coll Biol Sci, 1500 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jost, Maria] Tacoma Sch Arts, POB 1357, Tacoma, WA 98401 USA. [Marchant, Blaine] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Bradford, Denise] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Madlung, A (reprint author), Univ Puget Sound, Dept Biol, Tacoma, WA 98416 USA. EM amadlung@pugetsound.edu RI Marchant, Daniel Blaine/D-7026-2014 OI Marchant, Daniel Blaine/0000-0003-1733-3381 FU University of Puget Sound; National Science Foundation [IOS-1118539, DBI-0733857] FX The authors acknowledge funding from the University of Puget Sound (to E.M.S. and J.I.) and the National Science Foundation (IOS-1118539 to A.M. and DBI-0733857 to R.W.D. and A.M.). NR 64 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 18 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD APR PY 2016 VL 170 IS 4 BP 2251 EP 2263 DI 10.1104/pp.16.00052 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DL1WR UT WOS:000375424200027 PM 26896394 ER PT J AU Lopman, BA Steele, D Kirkwood, CD Parashar, UD AF Lopman, Benjamin A. Steele, Duncan Kirkwood, Carl D. Parashar, Umesh D. TI The Vast and Varied Global Burden of Norovirus: Prospects for Prevention and Control SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS INTESTINAL DISEASE; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; NORWALK VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; GASTROENTERITIS; COMMUNITY; CHALLENGE; CHILDREN; COHORT AB Globally, norovirus is associated with approximately one-fifth of all diarrhea cases, with similar prevalence in both children and adults, and is estimated to cause over 200,000 deaths annually in developing countries. Norovirus is an important pathogen in a number of high-priority domains: it is the most common cause of diarrheal episodes globally, the principal cause of foodborne disease outbreaks in the United States, a key health care-acquired infection, a common cause of travel-associated diarrhea, and a bane for deployed military troops. Partly as a result of this ubiquity and burden across a range of different populations, identifying target groups and strategies for intervention has been challenging. And, on top of the breadth of this public health problem, there remain important gaps in scientific knowledge regarding norovirus, especially with respect to disease in low-income settings. Many pathogens can cause acute gastroenteritis. Historically, rotavirus was the most common cause of severe disease in young children globally. Now, vaccines are available for rotavirus and are universally recommended by the World Health Organization. In countries with effective rotavirus vaccination programs, disease due to that pathogen has decreased markedly, but norovirus persists and is now the most common cause of pediatric gastroenteritis requiring medical attention. However, the data supporting the precise role of norovirus in low-and middle-income settings are sparse. With vaccines in the pipeline, addressing these and other important knowledge gaps is increasingly pressing. We assembled an expert group to assess the evidence for the global burden of norovirus and to consider the prospects for norovirus vaccine development. The group assessed the evidence in the areas of burden of disease, epidemiology, diagnostics, disease attribution, acquired immunity, and innate susceptibility, and the group considered how to bring norovirus vaccines from their current state of development to a viable product that will benefit global health. C1 [Lopman, Benjamin A.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Steele, Duncan; Kirkwood, Carl D.] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Enter & Diarrheal Dis, Seattle, WA USA. RP Lopman, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM blopman@cdc.gov FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1110771] FX This work was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation by a grant to the National Foundation for Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Grant ID: OPP1110771). NR 44 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1549-1676 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD APR PY 2016 VL 13 IS 4 AR e1001999 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001999 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DK7HX UT WOS:000375096900010 PM 27115709 ER PT J AU Halsey, ES Baldeviano, GC Edgel, KA Vilcarromero, S Sihuincha, M Lescano, AG AF Halsey, Eric S. Baldeviano, G. Christian Edgel, Kimberly A. Vilcarromero, Stalin Sihuincha, Moises Lescano, Andres G. TI Symptoms and Immune Markers in Plasmodium/Dengue Virus Co-infection Compared with Mono-infection with Either in Peru SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CONCURRENT DENGUE; VIVAX MALARIA; FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; FRENCH-GUIANA; FEVER; DISEASE; PROFILE; INTERLEUKIN-12; TRANSMISSION AB Background Malaria and dengue are two of the most common vector-borne diseases in the world, but co-infection is rarely described, and immunologic comparisons of co-infection with mono-infection are lacking. Methodology and Principal Findings We collected symptom histories and blood specimens from subjects in a febrile illness surveillance study conducted in Iquitos and Puerto Maldonado, Peru, between 2002-2011. Nineteen symptoms and 18 immune markers at presentation were compared among those with co-infection with Plasmodium/dengue virus (DENV), Plasmodium mono-infection, and DENV mono-infection. Seventeen subjects were identified as having Plasmodium/DENV co-infection and were retrospectively matched with 51 DENV mono-infected and 44 Plasmodium mono-infected subjects. Those with Plasmodium mono-infection had higher levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17A, IFN-gamma, and MIP1-alpha/CCL3 compared with DENV mono-infection or co-infection; those with Plasmodium mono-infection had more cough than those with DENV mono-infection. Subjects with DENV mono-infection had higher levels of TGF-beta 1 and more myalgia than those with Plasmodium mono-infection. No symptom was more common and no immune marker level was higher in the co-infected group, which had similar findings to the DENV mono-infected subjects. Conclusions/Significance Compared with mono-infection with either pathogen, Plasmodium/DENV co-infection was not associated with worse disease and resembled DENV mono-infection in both symptom frequency and immune marker level. C1 [Halsey, Eric S.; Vilcarromero, Stalin] US Naval Med Res Unit 6, Dept Virol, Lima, Peru. [Halsey, Eric S.; Vilcarromero, Stalin] US Naval Med Res Unit 6, Dept Virol, Iquitos, Peru. [Halsey, Eric S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Presidents Malaria Initiat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Halsey, Eric S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-12, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baldeviano, G. Christian; Edgel, Kimberly A.; Lescano, Andres G.] US Naval Med Res Unit 6, Dept Parasitol, Lima, Peru. [Sihuincha, Moises] DISA Loreto, Hosp Apoyo, Dept Infect Dis, Iquitos, Peru. [Lescano, Andres G.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Sch Publ Hlth & Adm, Lima, Peru. RP Halsey, ES (reprint author), US Naval Med Res Unit 6, Dept Virol, Lima, Peru.; Halsey, ES (reprint author), US Naval Med Res Unit 6, Dept Virol, Iquitos, Peru.; Halsey, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Presidents Malaria Initiat, Atlanta, GA USA.; Halsey, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-12, Atlanta, GA USA. EM ehalsey@cdc.gov RI Lescano, Andres/B-8479-2008; OI Lescano, Andres/0000-0001-9779-633X; Vilcarromero, Stalin/0000-0002-9097-0638 FU United States Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, a Division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center [847705.82000.25GB. B0016]; National Institutes of Health/Fogarty International Center [2D43 TW007393] FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, a Division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center [work unit number 847705.82000.25GB. B0016 to ESH; https://www.afhsc.mil/home/divisions/GEIS] and the National Institutes of Health/Fogarty International Center [grant 2D43 TW007393 to AGL; http://www.fic.nih.gov/Pages/Default.aspx]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 54 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD APR PY 2016 VL 10 IS 4 AR e0004646 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004646 PG 16 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DL1FC UT WOS:000375376700069 PM 27128316 ER PT J AU Raghavan, RK Hanlon, CA Goodin, DG Davis, R Moore, M Moore, S Anderson, GA AF Raghavan, Ram K. Hanlon, Cathleen A. Goodin, Douglas G. Davis, Rolan Moore, Michael Moore, Susan Anderson, Gary A. TI Bayesian Spatiotemporal Pattern and Eco-climatological Drivers of Striped Skunk Rabies in the North Central Plains SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MINIMUM TEMPERATURE; MEPHITIS-MEPHITIS; ORAL VACCINATION; DENNING HABITS; LANDSCAPE; DISEASES; BIODIVERSITY; PROTECTION; ONRAB(R); AMERICA AB Striped skunks are one of the most important terrestrial reservoirs of rabies virus in North America, and yet the prevalence of rabies among this host is only passively monitored and the disease among this host remains largely unmanaged. Oral vaccination campaigns have not efficiently targeted striped skunks, while periodic spillovers of striped skunk variant viruses to other animals, including some domestic animals, are routinely recorded. In this study we evaluated the spatial and spatio-temporal patterns of infection status among striped skunk cases submitted for rabies testing in the North Central Plains of US in a Bayesian hierarchical framework, and also evaluated potential eco-climatological drivers of such patterns. Two Bayesian hierarchical models were fitted to point-referenced striped skunk rabies cases [n = 656 (negative), and n = 310 (positive)] received at a leading rabies diagnostic facility between the years 2007-2013. The first model included only spatial and temporal terms and a second covariate model included additional covariates representing eco-climatic conditions within a 4km(2) home-range area for striped skunks. The better performing covariate model indicated the presence of significant spatial and temporal trends in the dataset and identified higher amounts of land covered by low-intensity developed areas [Odds ratio (OR) = 3.41; 95% Bayesian Credible Intervals (CrI) = 2.08, 3.85], higher level of patch fragmentation (OR = 1.70; 95% CrI = 1.25, 2.89), and diurnal temperature range (OR = 0.54; 95% CrI = 0.27, 0.91) to be important drivers of striped skunk rabies incidence in the study area. Model validation statistics indicated satisfactory performance for both models; however, the covariate model fared better. The findings of this study are important in the context of rabies management among striped skunks in North America, and the relevance of physical and climatological factors as risk factors for skunk to human rabies transmission and the space-time patterns of striped skunk rabies are discussed. C1 [Raghavan, Ram K.; Davis, Rolan; Moore, Michael; Moore, Susan; Anderson, Gary A.] Kansas State Univ, Kansas State Vet Diagnost Lab, Coll Vet Med, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Raghavan, Ram K.; Davis, Rolan; Moore, Michael; Moore, Susan; Anderson, Gary A.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Diagnost Med Pathobiol, Coll Vet Med, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Hanlon, Cathleen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Goodin, Douglas G.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Geog, Coll Arts & Sci, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Raghavan, RK (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Kansas State Vet Diagnost Lab, Coll Vet Med, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.; Raghavan, RK (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Diagnost Med Pathobiol, Coll Vet Med, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM rkraghavan@vet.k-state.edu FU Kansas State University Open Access Publishing Fund FX Publication of this article was funded by the Kansas State University Open Access Publishing Fund. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD APR PY 2016 VL 10 IS 4 AR e0004632 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004632 PG 16 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DL1FC UT WOS:000375376700061 PM 27127994 ER PT J AU Jones, MR Joshu, CE Kanarek, N Navas-Acien, A Richardson, KA Platz, EA AF Jones, Miranda R. Joshu, Corinne E. Kanarek, Norma Navas-Acien, Ana Richardson, Kelly A. Platz, Elizabeth A. TI Cigarette Smoking and Prostate Cancer Mortality in Four US States, 1999-2010 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-PROFESSIONALS; UNITED-STATES; IMPACT; RISK; SURVIVAL; TRENDS; PREVALENCE; STAGE AB Introduction In the United States, prostate cancer mortality rates have declined in recent decades. Cigarette smoking, a risk factor for prostate cancer death, has also declined. It is unknown whether declines in smoking prevalence produced detectable declines in prostate cancer mortality. We examined state prostate cancer mortality rates in relation to changes in cigarette smoking. Methods We studied men aged 35 years or older from California, Kentucky, Maryland, and Utah. Data on state smoking prevalence were obtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Mortality rates for prostate cancer and external causes (control condition) were obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research. The average annual percentage change from 1999 through 2010 was estimated using joinpoint analysis. Results From 1999 through 2010, smoking in California declined by 3.5% per year (-4.4% to -2.5%), and prostate cancer mortality rates declined by 2.5% per year (-2.9% to -2.2%). In Kentucky, smoking declined by 3.0% per year (-4.0% to -1.9%) and prostate cancer mortality rates declined by 3.5% per year (-4.3% to -2.7%). In Maryland, smoking declined by 3.0% per year (-7.0% to 1.2%), and prostate cancer mortality rates declined by 3.5% per year (-4.1% to -3.0%). In Utah, smoking declined by 3.5% per year (-5.6% to -1.3%) and prostate cancer mortality rates declined by 2.1% per year (-3.8% to -0.4%). No corresponding patterns were observed for external causes of death. Conclusion Declines in prostate cancer mortality rates appear to parallel declines in smoking prevalence at the population level. This study suggests that declines in prostate cancer mortality rates may be a beneficial effect of reduced smoking in the population. C1 [Jones, Miranda R.; Joshu, Corinne E.; Navas-Acien, Ana; Platz, Elizabeth A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 615 N Wolfe St,Off E6518, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Joshu, Corinne E.; Kanarek, Norma; Platz, Elizabeth A.] Sidney Kimmel Comprehens Canc Ctr Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD USA. [Kanarek, Norma; Navas-Acien, Ana] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Richardson, Kelly A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Platz, Elizabeth A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Platz, Elizabeth A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, James Buchanan Brady Urol Inst, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Jones, MR (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 615 N Wolfe St,Off E6518, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM mjone132@jhu.edu FU Cancer Center Support Grant [P30 CA006973]; National Cancer Institute National Research Service Award [T32 CA009314]; Prostate Cancer Foundation; Seraph Foundation FX This study was supported in part by a Cancer Center Support Grant (P30 CA006973). M.R. Jones was supported by a National Cancer Institute National Research Service Award (T32 CA009314). C.E. Joshu was partially supported by the Prostate Cancer Foundation and the Seraph Foundation. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD APR PY 2016 VL 13 AR E51 DI 10.5888/pcd13.150454 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK8UM UT WOS:000375203800006 PM 27079649 ER PT J AU Soler, R Orenstein, D Honeycutt, A Bradley, C Trogdon, J Kent, CK Wile, K Haddix, A O'Neil, D Bunnell, R AF Soler, Robin Orenstein, Diane Honeycutt, Amanda Bradley, Christina Trogdon, Justin Kent, Charlotte K. Wile, Kristina Haddix, Anne O'Neil, Dara Bunnell, Rebecca CA Communities Putting Prevention TI Community-Based Interventions to Decrease Obesity and Tobacco Exposure and Reduce Health Care Costs: Outcome Estimates From Communities Putting Prevention to Work for 2010-2020 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID SIMULATION; FRAMEWORK; IMPACT; MODEL AB Introduction In 2010, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) launched Communities Putting Prevention to Work (CPPW), a $ 485 million program to reduce obesity, tobacco use, and exposure to secondhand smoke. CPPW awardees implemented evidence-based policy, systems, and environmental changes to sustain reductions in chronic disease risk factors. This article describes short-term and potential long-term benefits of the CPPW investment. Methods We used a mixed-methods approach to estimate population reach and to simulate the effects of completed CPPW interventions through 2020. Each awardee developed a community action plan. We linked plan objectives to a common set of interventions across awardees and estimated population reach as an early indicator of impact. We used the Prevention Impacts Simulation Model (PRISM), a systems dynamics model of cardiovascular disease prevention, to simulate premature deaths, health care costs, and productivity losses averted from 2010 through 2020 attributable to CPPW. Results Awardees completed 73% of their planned objectives. Sustained CPPW improvements may avert 14,000 premature deaths, $2.4 billion (in 2010 dollars) in discounted direct medical costs, and $9.5 billion (in 2010 dollars) in discounted lifetime and annual productivity losses through 2020. Conclusion PRISM results suggest that large investments in community preventive interventions, if sustained, could yield cost savings many times greater than the original investment over 10 to 20 years and avert 14,000 premature deaths. C1 [Soler, Robin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Community Hlth, CDC, Warehouse,3719 N Peachtree Rd,Bldg 100, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Orenstein, Diane; Kent, Charlotte K.; Haddix, Anne; Bunnell, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Honeycutt, Amanda; Bradley, Christina] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Trogdon, Justin] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Wile, Kristina] Syst Thinking Collaborat, Bedford, MA USA. [O'Neil, Dara] ICF Int, Atlanta, GA USA. [Communities Putting Prevention] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Soler, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Community Hlth, CDC, Warehouse,3719 N Peachtree Rd,Bldg 100, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dqx4@cdc.gov FU CDC [200-2010-F-34677, 200-2007-22643 TO 003] FX This work was supported in part by CDC contract nos. 200-2010-F-34677 and 200-2007-22643 TO 003. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of CDC. We thank Jack Homer for his work to develop the PRISM systems dynamics model. We also thank reviewers for helpful comments and suggestions on earlier versions of the manuscript. Finally, we thank the CPPW Community Awardees for implementing the chronic disease prevention work analyzed in this article. The authors have no financial disclosures or conflicts of interest. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD APR PY 2016 VL 13 AR E47 DI 10.5888/pcd13.150272 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK8UM UT WOS:000375203800002 PM 27055264 ER PT J AU Weir, HK White, MC AF Weir, Hannah K. White, Mary C. TI Cancer Incidence and Mortality Through 2020 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Weir, Hannah K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy,Bldg 107,Mail Stop F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [White, Mary C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Weir, HK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy,Bldg 107,Mail Stop F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM hbw4@cdc.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD APR PY 2016 VL 13 AR E48 DI 10.5888/pcd13.160024 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK8UM UT WOS:000375203800003 PM 27055265 ER PT J AU Jain, S Pavia, AT AF Jain, Seema Pavia, Andrew T. TI The Modern Quest for the "Holy Grail" of Pneumonia Etiology SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material DE pneumonia; etiology; sputum; diagnostics ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES-SOCIETY; REQUIRING HOSPITALIZATION; ADULTS; GUIDELINES; MANAGEMENT; PATHOGENS; DIAGNOSIS; CHILDREN C1 [Jain, Seema] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pavia, Andrew T.] Univ Utah, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Jain, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,MS A32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bwc8@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR 1 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 7 BP 826 EP 828 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1219 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DJ5LD UT WOS:000374248700003 PM 26747826 ER PT J AU Langley, G Hao, YP Pondo, T Miller, L Petit, S Thomas, A Lindegren, ML Farley, MM Dumyati, G Como-Sabetti, K Harrison, LH Baumbach, J Watt, J Van Beneden, C AF Langley, Gayle Hao, Yongping Pondo, Tracy Miller, Lisa Petit, Susan Thomas, Ann Lindegren, Mary Louise Farley, Monica M. Dumyati, Ghinwa Como-Sabetti, Kathryn Harrison, Lee H. Baumbach, Joan Watt, James Van Beneden, Chris TI The Impact of Obesity and Diabetes on the Risk of Disease and Death due to Invasive Group A Streptococcus Infections in Adults SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE group A Streptococcus infections; obesity; diabetes ID ACQUIRED PNEUMOCOCCAL BACTEREMIA; FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; SURGICAL SITE INFECTION; POPULATION-BASED COHORT; UNITED-STATES; US ADULTS; PREVALENCE; TRENDS; MELLITUS; SEPSIS AB Background. Invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) infections cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. We analyzed whether obesity and diabetes were associated with iGAS infections and worse outcomes among an adult US population. Methods. We determined the incidence of iGAS infections using 2010-2012 cases in adults aged >= 18 years from Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs), a population-based surveillance system, as the numerator. For the denominator, we used ABCs catchment area population estimates from the 2011 to 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey. The relative risk (RR) of iGAS was determined by obesity and diabetes status after adjusting for age group, gender, race, and other underlying conditions through binomial logistic regression. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine whether obesity or diabetes was associated with increased odds of death due to iGAS compared to normal weight and nondiabetic patients, respectively. Results. Between 2010 and 2012, 2927 iGAS cases were identified. Diabetes was associated with an increased risk of iGAS in all racial groups (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] ranged from 2.71 to 5.08). Grade 3 obesity (body mass index [BMI] >= 40) was associated with an increased risk of iGAS for whites (aRR = 3.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.00-4.01). Grades 1-2 (BMI = 30.0-< 40.0) and grade 3 obesity were associated with an increased odds of death (odds ratio [OR] = 1.55, [95% CI, 1.05, 2.29] and OR = 1.62 [95% CI, 1.01, 2.61], respectively) when compared to normal weight patients. Conclusions. These results may help target vaccines against GAS that are currently under development. Efforts to develop enhanced treatment regimens for iGAS may improve prognoses for obese patients. C1 [Langley, Gayle; Hao, Yongping; Pondo, Tracy; Van Beneden, Chris] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Miller, Lisa] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Petit, Susan] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Dept Human Serv, Portland, OR USA. [Lindegren, Mary Louise] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Policy, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Atlanta VA Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dumyati, Ghinwa] Univ Rochester, New York, NY USA. [Como-Sabetti, Kathryn] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Baumbach, Joan] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Watt, James] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. RP Langley, G (reprint author), CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fez7@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR 1 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 7 BP 845 EP 852 DI 10.1093/cid/civ1032 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DJ5LD UT WOS:000374248700006 PM 26703865 ER PT J AU Alshaarawy, O Elbaz, HA Andrew, ME AF Alshaarawy, Omayma Elbaz, Hosam A. Andrew, Michael E. TI The association of urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biomarkers and cardiovascular disease in the US population SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Cardiovascular disease; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; NHANES; Structural equation modeling ID ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE; RISK-ASSESSMENT; AIR-POLLUTION; EXPOSURE; MARKERS; WORKERS; PAHS; FIT AB Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are potent atmospheric pollutants produced by incomplete combustion of organic materials. Pre-clinical and occupational studies have reported a positive association of PAHs with oxidative stress, inflammation and subsequent development of atherosclerosis, a major underlying risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of the current study is to estimate the association between levels of PAH biomarkers and CVD in a national representative sample of United States (US) adults. Methods: We examined adult participants (>= 20 years of age) from the merged US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2010. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations of each urinary PAH biomarker and CVD. Post-exploratory structural equation modeling was then used to address the interdependent response variables (angina, heart attack, stroke and coronary heart disease) as well as the interdependencies of PAH biomarkers. Results: PAH biomarkers were positively associated with cardiovascular disease in multiple logistic regression models, although some associations were not statistically robust. Using structural equation modeling, latent PAH exposure variable was positively associated with latent CVD level variable in the multivariable adjusted model (beta = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.20). Conclusion: A modest association between levels of PAH biomarkers and CVD was detected in US adults. Further prospective studies with adequate sample size are needed to replicate or refute our findings. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Alshaarawy, Omayma] Michigan State Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, 909 Fee Rd B601 West Fee Hall, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Elbaz, Hosam A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Div Gastroenterol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Andrew, Michael E.] NIOSH, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Alshaarawy, O (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, 909 Fee Rd B601 West Fee Hall, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM oalshaarawy@epi.msu.edu FU National Institute on Drug Abuse [T32DA021129]; Dr. James C. Anthony NIDA Senior Scientist Award [K05DA015799]; Michigan State University FX The authors would like to thank Dr. James C. Anthony for his valuable suggestions. This work is completed during OA postdoctoral epidemiology fellowship, supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (T32DA021129) and Dr. James C. Anthony NIDA Senior Scientist Award (K05DA015799), and by Michigan State University. The content is the sole responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of Michigan State University, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors declare no conflicts of interests. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 EI 1873-6750 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD APR-MAY PY 2016 VL 89-90 BP 174 EP 178 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2016.02.006 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DK0LI UT WOS:000374603900019 PM 26878282 ER PT J AU Pattabiraman, V Parsons, MB Bopp, CA AF Pattabiraman, Vaishnavi Parsons, Michele B. Bopp, Cheryl A. TI Real-Time TaqMan PCR Assay for the Detection of Heat-Labile and Heat-Stable Enterotoxin Genes in a Geographically Diverse Collection of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Strains and Stool Specimens SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID GASTROINTESTINAL PATHOGEN PANEL; TRAVELERS DIARRHEA; OLIGODEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDE PROBES; INFECTIOUS GASTROENTERITIS; TOXIN GENES; ETEC; SAMPLES; IDENTIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are an important cause of diarrhea in children under the age of 5 years in developing countries and are the leading bacterial agent of traveler's diarrhea in persons traveling to these countries. ETEC strains secrete heat-labile (LT) and/or heat-stable (ST) enterotoxins that induce diarrhea by causing water and electrolyte imbalance. We describe the validation of a real-time TaqMan PCR (RT-PCR) assay to detect LT, ST1a, and ST1b enterotoxin genes in E. coli strains and in stool specimens. We validated LT/ST1b duplex and ST1a single-plex RT-PCR assay using a conventional PCR assay as a gold standard with 188 ETEC strains and 42 non-ETEC strains. We validated LT/ST1b duplex and ST1a single-plex RT-PCR assay in stool specimens (n=106) using traditional culture as the gold standard. RT- PCR assay sensitivities for LT, ST1a, and ST1b detection in strains were 100%, 100%, and 98%; specificities were 95%, 98%, and 99%, and Pearson correlation coefficient r was 0.9954 between RT-PCR assay and the gold standard. In stool specimens, RT-PCR assay sensitivities for LT, ST1a, and ST1b detection were 97%, 100%, and 97%; and specificities were 99%, 94%, and 97%. Pearson correlation coefficient r was 0.9975 between RT-PCR results in stool specimens and the gold standard. Limits of detection of LT, ST1a, and ST1b by RT-PCR assay were 0.1 to1.0pg/L and by conventional PCR assay were 100 to1000pg/L. The accuracy, rapidity and sensitivity of this RT-PCR assay is promising for ETEC detection in public health/clinical laboratories and for laboratories in need of an independent method to confirm results of other culture independent diagnostic tests. C1 [Pattabiraman, Vaishnavi; Parsons, Michele B.; Bopp, Cheryl A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot & Emerging Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop C03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Pattabiraman, V (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot & Emerging Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop C03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vxe9@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 EI 1556-7125 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD APR PY 2016 VL 13 IS 4 BP 212 EP 220 DI 10.1089/fpd.2015.2064 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA DK1CB UT WOS:000374648900007 PM 26859628 ER PT J AU Zivcec, M Scholte, FEM Spiropoulou, CF Spengler, JR Bergeron, E AF Zivcec, Marko Scholte, Florine E. M. Spiropoulou, Christina F. Spengler, Jessica R. Bergeron, Eric TI Molecular Insights into Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus SO VIRUSES-BASEL LA English DT Review DE Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever; viral hemorrhagic fever; reverse genetics; pathogenesis; tick-borne virus ID RIFT-VALLEY FEVER; I INTERFERON-PRODUCTION; STIMULATED GENE 15; NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEIN; VIRAL LOAD; HANTAAN VIRUS; CCHF VIRUS; TRANSCRIPTION TERMINATION; ISG15 MODIFICATION; RNA ENCAPSIDATION AB Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a tick-borne pathogen that causes high morbidity and mortality. Efficacy of vaccines and antivirals to treat human CCHFV infections remains limited and controversial. Research into pathology and underlying molecular mechanisms of CCHFV and other nairoviruses is limited. Significant progress has been made in our understanding of CCHFV replication and pathogenesis in the past decade. Here we review the most recent molecular advances in CCHFV-related research, and provide perspectives on future research. C1 [Zivcec, Marko; Scholte, Florine E. M.; Spiropoulou, Christina F.; Spengler, Jessica R.; Bergeron, Eric] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bergeron, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mzivcec@cdc.gov; kyj7@cdc.gov; ccs8@cdc.gov; wsk7@cdc.gov; ebergeron@cdc.gov OI Spengler, Jessica R./0000-0002-5383-0513; Zivcec, Marko/0000-0003-4337-8487; Bergeron, Eric/0000-0003-3398-8628 FU NIAID [R01AI109008]; National Institutes of Health FX The authors would like to thank Tatyana Klimova for critical editing of the manuscript and Jim Walters for assistance with design of figures. The CDC and a CDC foundation project funded by NIAID grant R01AI109008 supported this work. This work was also supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CDC (to J.R.S), and by the National Institutes of Health Loan Repayment Award (to J.R.S). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 125 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 7 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4915 J9 VIRUSES-BASEL JI Viruses-Basel PD APR PY 2016 VL 8 IS 4 AR 106 DI 10.3390/v8040106 PG 21 WC Virology SC Virology GA DK8DQ UT WOS:000375157800019 PM 27110812 ER PT J AU Sommer, YL Ward, CD Pan, Y Caldwell, KL Jones, RL AF Sommer, Yuliya L. Ward, Cynthia D. Pan, Yi Caldwell, Kathleen L. Jones, Robert L. TI Long-Term Stability of Inorganic, Methyl and Ethyl Mercury in Whole Blood: Effects of Storage Temperature and Time SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ISOTOPE-DILUTION; MS; METHYLMERCURY; TISSUES AB In this study, we evaluated the effect of temperature on the long-term stability of three mercury species in bovine blood. We used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis to determine the concentrations of inorganic (iHg), methyl (MeHg) and ethyl (EtHg) mercury species in two blood pools stored at temperatures of -70, -20, 4, 23A degrees C (room temperature) and 37A degrees C. Over the course of a year, we analyzed aliquots of pooled specimens at time intervals of 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks and 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 months. We applied a fixed-effects linear model, step-down pairwise comparison and coefficient of variation statistical analysis to examine the temperature and time effects on changes in mercury species concentrations. We observed several instances of statistically significant differences in mercury species concentrations between different temperatures and time points; however, with considerations of experimental factors (such as instrumental drift and sample preparation procedures), not all differences were scientifically important. We concluded that iHg, MeHg and EtHg species in bovine whole blood were stable at -70, -20, 4 and 23A degrees C for 1 year, but blood samples stored at 37A degrees C were stable for no more than 2 weeks. C1 [Sommer, Yuliya L.; Ward, Cynthia D.; Pan, Yi; Caldwell, Kathleen L.; Jones, Robert L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Inorgan & Radiat Analyt Toxicol Branch, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Sommer, YL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Inorgan & Radiat Analyt Toxicol Branch, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ysommer@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0146-4760 EI 1945-2403 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2016 VL 40 IS 3 BP 222 EP 228 DI 10.1093/jat/bkw007 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA DJ4MZ UT WOS:000374181200007 PM 26912563 ER PT J AU Schulze, ND Hamelin, EI Winkeljohn, WR Shaner, RL Basden, BJ decastro, BR Pantazides, BG Thomas, JD Johnson, RC AF Schulze, Nicholas D. Hamelin, Elizabeth I. Winkeljohn, W. Rucks Shaner, Rebecca L. Basden, Brian J. deCastro, B. Rey Pantazides, Brooke G. Thomas, Jerry D. Johnson, Rudolph C. TI Evaluation of Multiple Blood Matrices for Assessment of Human Exposure to Nerve Agents SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; INTERACTION LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ISOPROPYL METHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID; BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES; HUMAN BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE; TOKYO SUBWAY; SARIN; METABOLITES; SERUM; COLLECTION AB Biomedical samples may be used to determine human exposure to nerve agents through the analysis of specific biomarkers. Samples received may include serum, plasma, whole blood, lysed blood and, due to the toxicity of these compounds, postmortem blood. To quantitate metabolites resulting from exposure to sarin (GB), soman (GD), cyclosarin (GF), VX and VR, these blood matrices were evaluated individually for precision, accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. Accuracies for these metabolites ranged from 100 to 113% with coefficients of variation ranging from 2.31 to 13.5% across a reportable range of 1-100 ng/mL meeting FDA recommended guidelines for bioanalytical methods in all five matrices. Limits of detection were calculated to be 0.09-0.043 ng/mL, and no interferences were detected in unexposed matrix samples. The use of serum calibrators was also determined to be a suitable alternative to matrix-matched calibrators. Finally, to provide a comparative value between whole blood and plasma, the ratio of the five nerve agent metabolites measured in whole blood versus plasma was determined. Analysis of individual whole blood samples (n = 40), fortified with nerve agent metabolites across the reportable range, resulted in average nerve agent metabolite blood to plasma ratios ranging from 0.53 to 0.56. This study demonstrates the accurate and precise quantitation of nerve agent metabolites in serum, plasma, whole blood, lysed blood and postmortem blood. It also provides a comparative value between whole blood and plasma samples, which can assist epidemiologists and physicians with interpretation of test results from blood specimens obtained under variable conditions. C1 [Schulze, Nicholas D.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hamelin, Elizabeth I.; Shaner, Rebecca L.; deCastro, B. Rey; Pantazides, Brooke G.; Thomas, Jerry D.; Johnson, Rudolph C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Winkeljohn, W. Rucks; Basden, Brian J.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Hamelin, EI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM eph3@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 13 U2 16 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0146-4760 EI 1945-2403 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2016 VL 40 IS 3 BP 229 EP 235 DI 10.1093/jat/bkw003 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA DJ4MZ UT WOS:000374181200008 PM 26861671 ER PT J AU Fiebelkorn, AP Coleman, LA Belongia, EA Freeman, SK York, D Bi, DL Kulkarni, A Audet, S Mercader, S McGrew, M Hickman, CJ Bellini, WJ Shivakoti, R Griffin, DE Beeler, J AF Fiebelkorn, Amy Parker Coleman, Laura A. Belongia, Edward A. Freeman, Sandra K. York, Daphne Bi, Daoling Kulkarni, Ashwin Audet, Susette Mercader, Sara McGrew, Marcia Hickman, Carole J. Bellini, William J. Shivakoti, Rupak Griffin, Diane E. Beeler, Judith TI Measles Virus Neutralizing Antibody Response, Cell-Mediated Immunity, and Immunoglobulin G Antibody Avidity Before and After Receipt of a Third Dose of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine in Young Adults SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE measles; third dose of measles; mumps; rubella (MMR) vaccine; measles vaccine immunogenicity; vaccine-preventable disease; immunization; cell-mediated immunity; measles virus antibody avidity ID RHESUS MACAQUES; FOLLOW-UP; PERSISTENCE; OUTBREAK; IMMUNIZATION; INDIVIDUALS; CHILDREN; ASSAY AB Background. Two doses of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine are 97% effective against measles, but waning antibody immunity to measles and failure of the 2-dose vaccine occur. We administered a third MMR dose (MMR3) to young adults and assessed immunogenicity over 1 year. Methods. Measles virus (MeV) neutralizing antibody concentrations, cell-mediated immunity (CMI), and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody avidity were assessed at baseline and 1 month and 1 year after MMR3 receipt. Results. Of 662 subjects at baseline, 1 (0.2%) was seronegative for MeV-neutralizing antibodies (level, < 8 mIU/mL), and 23 (3.5%) had low antibody levels (8-120 mIU/mL). One month after MMR3 receipt, 1 subject (0.2%) was seronegative, and 6 (0.9%) had low neutralizing antibodies, with only 21 of 662 (3.2%) showing a a parts per thousand yen4-fold rise in neutralizing antibodies. One year after MMR3 receipt, no subject was seronegative, and 10 of 617 (1.6%) had low neutralizing antibody levels. CMI analyses showed low levels of spot-forming cells after stimulation, suggesting the presence of T-cell memory, but the response was minimal after MMR3 receipt. MeV IgG avidity did not correlate with findings of neutralization analyses. Conclusions. Most subjects were seropositive before MMR3 receipt, and very few had a secondary immune response after MMR3 receipt. Similarly, CMI and avidity analyses showed minimal qualitative improvements in immune response after MMR3 receipt. We did not find compelling data to support a routine third dose of MMR vaccine. C1 [Fiebelkorn, Amy Parker; Bi, Daoling; Mercader, Sara; McGrew, Marcia; Hickman, Carole J.; Bellini, William J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Coleman, Laura A.; Belongia, Edward A.; Freeman, Sandra K.; York, Daphne] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Kulkarni, Ashwin; Audet, Susette; Beeler, Judith] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Shivakoti, Rupak; Griffin, Diane E.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, W Harry Feinstone Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Coleman, Laura A.] Abbott Nutr, Columbus, OH USA. [Shivakoti, Rupak] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Fiebelkorn, AP (reprint author), CDC, NCIRD, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM afiebelkorn@cdc.gov FU CDC FX This work was supported by the CDC (funding to the Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation). NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR 1 PY 2016 VL 213 IS 7 BP 1115 EP 1123 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiv555 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DJ4OP UT WOS:000374186300010 PM 26597262 ER PT J AU Yeka, A Kigozi, R Conrad, MD Lugemwa, M Okui, P Katureebe, C Belay, K Kapella, BK Chang, MA Kamya, MR Staedke, SG Dorsey, G Rosenthal, PJ AF Yeka, Adoke Kigozi, Ruth Conrad, Melissa D. Lugemwa, Myers Okui, Peter Katureebe, Charles Belay, Kassahun Kapella, Bryan K. Chang, Michelle A. Kamya, Moses R. Staedke, Sarah G. Dorsey, Grant Rosenthal, Philip J. TI Artesunate/Amodiaquine Versus Artemether/Lumefantrine for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Malaria in Uganda: A Randomized Trial SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE malaria; Uganda; artemether-lumefantrine; amodiaquine-artesunate; drug resistance ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; ARTESUNATE PLUS AMODIAQUINE; ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE; DIHYDROARTEMISININ-PIPERAQUINE; ARTEMISININ RESISTANCE; DRUG-RESISTANCE; SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; COMBINATION THERAPIES; TANZANIAN CHILDREN; MOLECULAR MARKERS AB Background. In treating malaria in Uganda, artemether-lumefantrine (AL) has been associated with a lower risk of recurrent parasitemia, compared with artesunate-amodiaquine (AS/AQ), but changing treatment practices may have altered parasite susceptibility. Methods. We enrolled 602 children aged 6-59 months with uncomplicated falciparum malaria from 3 health centers in 2013-2014 and randomly assigned them to receive treatment with AS/AQ or AL. Primary outcomes were risks of recurrent parasitemia within 28 days, with or without adjustment to distinguish recrudescence from new infection. Drug safety and tolerability and Plasmodium falciparum resistance-mediating polymorphisms were assessed. Results. Of enrolled patients, 594 (98.7%) completed the 28-day study. Risks of recurrent parasitemia were lower with AS/AQ at all 3 sites (overall, 28.6% vs 44.6%; P < .001). Recrudescences were uncommon, and all occurred after AL treatment (0% vs 2.5%; P = .006). Recovery of the hemoglobin level was greater with AS/AQ (1.73 vs 1.39 g/dL; P = .04). Both regimens were well tolerated; serious adverse events were uncommon (1.7% in the AS/AQ group and 1.0% in the AL group). AS/AQ selected for mutant pfcrt/pfmdr1 polymorphisms and AL for wild-type pfcrt/pfmdr1 polymorphisms associated with altered drug susceptibility. Conclusions. AS/AQ treatment was followed by fewer recurrences than AL treatment, contrasting with older data. Each regimen selected for polymorphisms associated with decreased treatment response. Research should consider multiple or rotating regimens to maintain treatment efficacies. C1 [Yeka, Adoke] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Kamya, Moses R.] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. [Yeka, Adoke; Kigozi, Ruth; Kamya, Moses R.; Staedke, Sarah G.] Infect Dis Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda. [Lugemwa, Myers; Okui, Peter] Minist Hlth, Natl Malaria Control Program, Kampala, Uganda. [Katureebe, Charles] WHO, Kampala, Uganda. [Belay, Kassahun] US Agcy Int Dev, Kampala, Uganda. [Kapella, Bryan K.] CDC, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Presidents Malaria Initiat, Kampala, Uganda. [Dorsey, Grant; Rosenthal, Philip J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Chang, Michelle A.] CDC, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Staedke, Sarah G.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London, England. RP Rosenthal, PJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM philip.rosenthal@ucsf.edu FU US President's Malaria Initiative; US Agency for International Development; CDC; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the WHO FX This work was supported by the US President's Malaria Initiative and the US Agency for International Development, under an interagency agreement with the CDC; and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, through the WHO. NR 45 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR 1 PY 2016 VL 213 IS 7 BP 1134 EP 1142 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiv551 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DJ4OP UT WOS:000374186300012 PM 26597254 ER PT J AU Sliwa, S Anzman-Frasca, S Lynskey, V Washburn, K Economos, C AF Sliwa, Sarah Anzman-Frasca, Stephanie Lynskey, Vanessa Washburn, Kyle Economos, Christina TI Assessing the Availability of Healthier Children's Meals at Leading Quick-Service and Full-Service Restaurants SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE children; diet quality; dietary guidelines; restaurants ID FAST-FOOD; CHAIN RESTAURANTS; CALORIE CHANGES; NUTRIENT-INTAKE; UNITED-STATES; US CHILDREN; MENU; ADOLESCENTS; ENERGY; ASSOCIATIONS AB Objective: To compare the calorie, fat, saturated fat, and sodium content of available children's meal combinations in leading restaurants with national recommendations. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Children's menu offerings and corresponding nutrition information were collected (May, 2014) from Web sites of the top 10 quick-service (QSR) and top 10 full-service (FSR) restaurant chains that offered a children's menu and provided nutrition information. Variables Measured: Total calories (kcal), percent calories from fat and saturated fat, and total sodium (mg) were calculated for children's meal combinations (QSR N = 1,363; FSR N = 6,654). Combinations with <= 600 kcal, <= 35% kcal from fat, <= 10% kcal from saturated fat, <= 770 mg sodium, and those that met all 4 of these criteria were identified. Analysis: Frequencies by restaurant segment. Results: The majority of QSR(72%) and FSR (63%) meal combinations had <= 600 kcal. Only 31.9% of combinations at QSRs and 21.7% at FSRs met all 4 criteria. In both segments the calorie target was most frequently met, and the sodium target the least. Conclusions and Implications: Children's meal combinations with <= 600 kcal are available at leading restaurant chains, but many meals fail to meet current national recommendations for fat, saturated fat, and sodium. Menu labeling legislation may address caloric content but implications for other nutrients remain unclear. C1 [Sliwa, Sarah; Economos, Christina] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Anzman-Frasca, Stephanie] Univ Buffalo, Jacobs Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Buffalo, NY USA. [Lynskey, Vanessa; Economos, Christina] Tufts Univ, ChildObesity180, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Washburn, Kyle] Special Olymp, Hlth Athletes, Washington, DC USA. RP Sliwa, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE,MS F-78, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ssliwa@cdc.gov OI Washburn, Kyle/0000-0003-3037-9413 FU Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; JPB Foundation FX This study was funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and The JPB Foundation. The authors thank Rachel Banner, Natalie Bishop, Clarissa Brown, and Grace Chan for attentive data entry and coding; Kathleen Smith for support with data cleaning; and Benjamin Barrington for providing Excel troubleshooting support. This article was written by Sarah Sliwa in her private capacity. No official support or endorsement by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services is intended or should be inferred. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1499-4046 EI 1878-2620 J9 J NUTR EDUC BEHAV JI J. Nutr. Educ. Behav. PD APR PY 2016 VL 48 IS 4 BP 242 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jneb.2016.01.004 PG 9 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Education & Educational Research; Nutrition & Dietetics GA DJ5GI UT WOS:000374234400004 PM 27059312 ER PT J AU Palipudi, KM Mbulo, L Morton, J Mbulo, L Bunnell, R Blutcher-Nelson, G Kosen, S Tee, GH Abdalla, AME Al Mutawa, KA Barbouni, A Antoniadou, E Fouad, H Khoury, RN Rarick, J Sinha, DN Asma, S AF Palipudi, Krishna Mohan Mbulo, Lazarous Morton, Jeremy Mbulo, Lazarous Bunnell, Rebecca Blutcher-Nelson, Glenda Kosen, Soewarta Tee, Guat Hiong Abdalla, Amani Mohamed Elkhatim Al Mutawa, Kholood Ateeq Barbouni, Anastasia Antoniadou, Eleni Fouad, Heba Khoury, Rula N. Rarick, James Sinha, Dhirendra N. Asma, Samira CA GATS Collaborative Grp TI Awareness and Current Use of Electronic Cigarettes in Indonesia, Malaysia, Qatar, and Greece: Findings From 2011-2013 Global Adult Tobacco Surveys SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ADOLESCENTS AB Introduction: Increases in electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) awareness and current use have been documented in high income countries but less is known about middle and low income countries. Methods: Nationally representative household survey data from the first four Global Adult Tobacco Surveys to assess e-cigarettes were analyzed, including Indonesia (2011), Malaysia (2011), Qatar (2013), and Greece (2013). Correlates of e-cigarette awareness and current use were calculated. Sample sizes for Greece and Qatar allowed for further analysis of e-cigarette users. Results: Awareness of e-cigarettes was 10.9% in Indonesia, 21.0% in Malaysia, 49.0% in Qatar, and 88.5% in Greece. In all four countries, awareness was higher among male, younger, more educated, and wealthier respondents. Current e-cigarette use among those aware of e-cigarettes was 3.9% in Malaysia, 2.5% in Indonesia, 2.2% in Greece and 1.8% in Qatar. Across these four countries, an estimated 818 500 people are currently using e-cigarettes. Among current e-cigarette users, 64.4% in Greece and 84.1% in Qatar also smoked cigarettes, and, 10.6% in Greece and 6.0% in Qatar were never-smokers. Conclusions: E-cigarette awareness and use was evident in all four countries. Ongoing surveillance and monitoring of awareness and use of e-cigarettes in these and other countries could help inform tobacco control policies and public health interventions. Future surveillance should monitor use of e-cigarettes among current smokers and uptake among never-smokers and relapsing former smokers. C1 [Palipudi, Krishna Mohan; Mbulo, Lazarous; Morton, Jeremy; Mbulo, Lazarous; Blutcher-Nelson, Glenda; Asma, Samira] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Global Tobacco Control Branch, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bunnell, Rebecca] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kosen, Soewarta] Minist Hlth, Natl Inst Hlth Res & Dev, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Tee, Guat Hiong] Minist Hlth, Inst Publ Hlth, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Abdalla, Amani Mohamed Elkhatim; Al Mutawa, Kholood Ateeq] Supreme Council Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, Doha, Qatar. [Barbouni, Anastasia; Antoniadou, Eleni] Natl Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, Athens, Greece. [Fouad, Heba] WHO, Reg Off Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt. [Khoury, Rula N.] WHO, Reg Off Europe, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Rarick, James] WHO, Western Pacific Reg Off, Manila, Philippines. [Sinha, Dhirendra N.] WHO, South East Asia Reg Off, New Delhi, India. RP Palipudi, KM (reprint author), Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gou8@cdc.gov FU Bloomberg Philanthropies' Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; Ministry of Health in Greece; Ministry of Health in Qatar; Ministry of Health in Malaysia FX GATS was supported by the Bloomberg Philanthropies' Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the Ministries of Health in Greece, Qatar and Malaysia. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 EI 1469-994X J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD APR PY 2016 VL 18 IS 4 BP 501 EP 507 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntv081 PG 7 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DJ5EE UT WOS:000374228800019 PM 25895951 ER PT J AU Davidson, WS Heink, A Sexmith, H Melchior, JT Gordon, SM Kuklenyik, Z Woollett, L Barr, JR Jones, JI Toth, CA Shah, AS AF Davidson, W. Sean Heink, Anna Sexmith, Hannah Melchior, John T. Gordon, Scott M. Kuklenyik, Zsuzsanna Woollett, Laura Barr, John R. Jones, Jeffrey I. Toth, Christopher A. Shah, Amy S. TI The effects of apolipoprotein B depletion on HDL subspecies composition and function SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE polyethylene glycol; dextran sulfate; heparin sodium; lipoproteins; high density lipoprotein; low density lipoprotein; proteomics; cholesterol efflux ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEINS; CHOLESTEROL EFFLUX CAPACITY; POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL; DIFFERENT PATHWAYS; GEL-FILTRATION; PRECIPITATION; PARTICLES; ASSOCIATION; PLASMA; ATHEROSCLEROSIS AB HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) efflux function may be a more robust biomarker of coronary artery disease risk than HDL-C. To study HDL function, apoB-containing lipoproteins are precipitated from serum. Whether apoB precipitation affects HDL subspecies composition and function has not been thoroughly investigated. We studied the effects of four common apoB precipitation methods [polyethylene glycol (PEG), dextran sulfate/magnesium chloride (MgCl2), heparin sodium/manganese chloride (MnCl2), and LipoSep immunoprecipitation (IP)] on HDL subspecies composition, apolipoproteins, and function (cholesterol efflux and reduction of LDL oxidation). PEG dramatically shifted the size distribution of HDL and apolipoproteins (assessed by two independent methods), while leaving substantial amounts of reagent in the sample. PEG also changed the distribution of cholesterol efflux and LDL oxidation across size fractions, but not overall efflux across the HDL range. Dextran sulfate/MgCl2, heparin sodium/MnCl2, and LipoSep IP did not change the size distribution of HDL subspecies, but altered the quantity of a subset of apolipoproteins. Thus, each of the apoB precipitation methods affected HDL composition and/or size distribution. We conclude that careful evaluation is needed when selecting apoB depletion methods for existing and future bioassays of HDL function. C1 [Davidson, W. Sean; Melchior, John T.; Woollett, Laura] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Ctr Lipid & Arteriosclerosis Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45237 USA. [Heink, Anna; Sexmith, Hannah; Shah, Amy S.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Res Fdn, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Gordon, Scott M.] NHLBI, Lipoprot Metab Sect, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kuklenyik, Zsuzsanna; Barr, John R.; Jones, Jeffrey I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Toth, Christopher A.] Battelle Mem Inst, Analyt Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Shah, AS (reprint author), Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Res Fdn, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. EM amy.shah@cchmc.org OI Toth, Christopher/0000-0001-9294-0144 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [R01HL67093, R01HL104136, K23HL118132] FX This work was supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Grants R01HL67093 (W.S.D.), R01HL104136 (W.S.D.), and K23HL118132 (A.S.S.). The authors declare no financial conflicts of interest relevant to this study. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0022-2275 EI 1539-7262 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD APR PY 2016 VL 57 IS 4 BP 674 EP 686 DI 10.1194/jlr.M066613 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DJ0WH UT WOS:000373924600016 PM 26908829 ER PT J AU Matjasko, JL Massetti, GM Bacon, S AF Matjasko, Jennifer L. Massetti, Greta M. Bacon, Sarah TI Implementing and Evaluating Comprehensive Evidence-Based Approaches to Prevent Youth Violence: Partnering to Create Communities Where Youth Are Safe From Violence SO JOURNAL OF PRIMARY PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE Youth violence prevention; Research-community partnerships; Evidence-based programs; Implementation science; Evaluation of comprehensive strategies AB Violence, including its occurrence among youth, results in considerable physical, emotional, social, and economic consequences in the U.S. Youth violence prevention work at the Division of Violence Prevention (DVP) at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) emphasizes preventing youth violence-related behaviors, injuries, and deaths by collaborating with academic and community partners and stakeholders. Since 2000, DVP has funded three rounds of CDC's National Centers of Excellence in Youth Violence Prevention (YVPCs) in 5-year cycles, with the goal of supporting university-community partnerships so that the best science can be utilized in order to prevent youth violence. The current YVPCs focus on: (a) partnering with communities to identify community needs; (b) selecting and implementing the best comprehensive evidence-based programs to meet those needs; and (c) rigorously evaluating whether those efforts have a community-level impact on youth violence rates. The introduction to this special issue on the current YVPCs provides a brief historical overview on the YVPC Program; outlines the YVPCs' accomplishments to date; and describes the current YVPCs, their community partners, and their activities. The introduction concludes with an overview of the special issue. C1 [Matjasko, Jennifer L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Massetti, Greta M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bacon, Sarah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Matjasko, Jennifer L.] Univ Chicago, Chapin Hall,1313 East 60th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Matjasko, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.; Matjasko, JL (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Chapin Hall,1313 East 60th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM jmatjasko@chapinhall.org RI Figueroa Ossa, Ulda Omar/N-5821-2016; OI Massetti, Greta/0000-0002-3813-9839 NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0278-095X EI 1573-6547 J9 J PRIM PREV JI J. Prim. Prev. PD APR PY 2016 VL 37 IS 2 SI SI BP 109 EP 119 DI 10.1007/s10935-016-0422-y PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DI9ZP UT WOS:000373861500002 PM 27017211 ER PT J AU Mercy, JA Vivolo-Kantor, AM AF Mercy, James A. Vivolo-Kantor, Alana M. TI The Center for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Youth Violence Prevention Centers: Paving the Way to Prevention SO JOURNAL OF PRIMARY PREVENTION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Mercy, James A.; Vivolo-Kantor, Alana M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway MSF64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Mercy, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway MSF64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM JMercy@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0278-095X EI 1573-6547 J9 J PRIM PREV JI J. Prim. Prev. PD APR PY 2016 VL 37 IS 2 SI SI BP 209 EP 214 DI 10.1007/s10935-016-0433-8 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DI9ZP UT WOS:000373861500007 PM 27026418 ER PT J AU Foshee, VA Reyes, HLM Chen, MS Ennett, ST Basile, KC DeGue, S Vivolo-Kantor, AM Moracco, KE Bowling, JM AF Foshee, Vangie A. Reyes, H. Luz McNaughton Chen, May S. Ennett, Susan T. Basile, Kathleen C. DeGue, Sarah Vivolo-Kantor, Alana M. Moracco, Kathryn E. Bowling, J. Michael TI Shared Risk Factors for the Perpetration of Physical Dating Violence, Bullying, and Sexual Harassment Among Adolescents Exposed to Domestic Violence SO JOURNAL OF YOUTH AND ADOLESCENCE LA English DT Article DE Aggression among adolescents exposed to domestic violence; Physical dating violence; Bullying; Sexual harassment ID INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; REDUCING CONDUCT PROBLEMS; PARENT-CHILD RELATIONS; HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; FAMILY VIOLENCE; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; MARITAL CONFLICT; MIDDLE SCHOOL; LONGITUDINAL PREDICTORS AB The high risk of perpetrating physical dating violence, bullying, and sexual harassment by adolescents exposed to domestic violence points to the need for programs to prevent these types of aggression among this group. This study of adolescents exposed to domestic violence examined whether these forms of aggression share risk factors that could be targeted for change in single programs designed to prevent all three types of aggression. Analyses were conducted on 399 mother victims of domestic violence and their adolescents, recruited through community advertising. The adolescents ranged in age from 12 to 16 years; 64 % were female. Generalized estimating equations was used to control for the covariation among the aggression types when testing for shared risk factors. Approximately 70 % of the adolescents reported perpetrating at least one of the three forms of aggression. In models examining one risk factor at a time, but controlling for demographics, adolescent acceptance of sexual violence, mother adolescent discord, family conflict, low maternal monitoring, low mother adolescent closeness, low family cohesion, depressed affect, feelings of anger, and anger reactivity were shared across all three aggression types. In multivariable models, which included all of the risk factors examined and the demographic variables, low maternal monitoring, depressed affect and anger reactivity remained significant shared risk factors. Our findings suggest that programs targeting these risk factors for change have the potential to prevent all three forms of aggression. In multivariable models, poor conflict management skills was a risk for bullying and sexual harassment, but not dating violence; acceptance of dating violence was a risk for dating violence and bullying, but not sexual harassment; and none of the examined risk factors were unique to aggression type. The study's implications for the development of interventions and future research are discussed. C1 [Foshee, Vangie A.; Reyes, H. Luz McNaughton; Chen, May S.; Bowling, J. Michael] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav, 319B Rosenau Hall CB 7440,CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Ennett, Susan T.; Moracco, Kathryn E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Behav, CB 7440,Rosenau Hall 358A,359 Rosenau Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Basile, Kathleen C.; Vivolo-Kantor, Alana M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway MS F-64, Atlanta, GA USA. [DeGue, Sarah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS-64, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Foshee, VA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav, 319B Rosenau Hall CB 7440,CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM foshee@email.unc.edu; mcnaught@email.unc.edu; maychen@email.unc.edu; sennett@email.unc.edu; ksb9@cdc.gov; hci2@cdc.gov; goz4@cdc.gov; moracco@email.unc.edu; jbowling@email.unc.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC R01CE001867-01]; CDC [13IPA1303570, 13IPA130569] FX This research was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC R01CE001867-01; PI Vangie A. Foshee) and an inter-personnel agency agreement (IPA) between Dr. Foshee and the CDC (13IPA1303570) and between Dr. McNaughton Reyes and the CDC (13IPA130569). All persons who contributed to the preparation of this manuscript are included as authors. The study was reviewed and approved by the Public Health Nursing Institutional Review Board for the Protection of Human Subjects at UNC-CH. NR 88 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 31 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0047-2891 EI 1573-6601 J9 J YOUTH ADOLESCENCE JI J. Youth Adolesc. PD APR PY 2016 VL 45 IS 4 BP 672 EP 686 DI 10.1007/s10964-015-0404-z PG 15 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA DJ2XA UT WOS:000374067200003 PM 26746242 ER PT J AU Goldman-Yassen, AE Mony, VK Arguin, PM Daily, JP AF Goldman-Yassen, Adam E. Mony, Vidya K. Arguin, Paul M. Daily, Johanna P. TI Higher Rates of Misdiagnosis in Pediatric Patients Versus Adults Hospitalized With Imported Malaria SO PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE LA English DT Article DE abdominal pain; adult; diagnostic errors; fever; malaria; travel ID NEW-YORK; FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; TRAVELERS; COMMUNITY; CHILDREN; HEALTH; BRONX; MIME AB Objectives Despite the availability of effective antimalarial prophylaxis, imported adult and pediatric malaria occurs in the United States, and this can pose diagnostic issues. We examined the clinical characteristics and diagnostic challenges of imported malaria requiring adult or pediatric inpatient admission at Montefiore Medical Center in the Bronx which provides care for a large population of immigrants from malaria endemic areas. Study Design We conducted a retrospective single center review of patients admitted with a diagnosis of malaria at Montefiore Medical Center from 2005 through 2012. We extracted historical, clinical, and laboratory values from the electronic medical record and patient charts. Results We identified 95 patients who were diagnosed and hospitalized with malaria from 2005 to 2012, 33 (35%) of them were children and 17 (18%) were with severe malaria. Most patients contracted malaria while visiting friends and relatives in West Africa. Only 38% of travelers took prophylaxis, and fewer than half reported taking it as prescribed. Misdiagnosis by emergency room or primary care doctors was observed in almost one quarter of all of the patients. Misdiagnosis occurred significantly more frequently in children (43%) compared to adults (13%) (P = 0.002). Pediatric patients were more likely to present with abdominal pain (42% vs. 15%; P = 0.005). Conclusions Pediatric patients admitted for imported malaria at Montefiore Medical Center had a higher rate of misdiagnosis and presented with more gastrointestinal symptoms than hospitalized adults. By describing the clinical characteristics of patients with imported malaria, we hope to improve diagnostic accuracy by health care workers and raise awareness that friends and relatives may require more intensive pretravel counseling. C1 [Goldman-Yassen, Adam E.; Daily, Johanna P.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, 111 E 210th St, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Mony, Vidya K.] Montefiore Med Ctr, 111 E 210th St, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Arguin, Paul M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Goldman-Yassen, AE (reprint author), Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, 111 E 210th St, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. EM vidya.mony@gmail.com FU National Center for Research Resources (NCRR); National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), components of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) through CTSA [UL1RR025750, KL2RR025749, TL1RR025748] FX This publication was supported in part by the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), components of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), through CTSA grant numbers UL1RR025750, KL2RR025749 and TL1RR025748. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0749-5161 EI 1535-1815 J9 PEDIATR EMERG CARE JI Pediatr. Emerg. Care PD APR PY 2016 VL 32 IS 4 BP 227 EP 231 DI 10.1097/PEC.0000000000000251 PG 5 WC Emergency Medicine; Pediatrics SC Emergency Medicine; Pediatrics GA DJ0YW UT WOS:000373931300005 PM 25322145 ER PT J AU Brinker, K Jacobs, T Shire, J Bunn, T Chalmers, J Dang, G Flammia, D Higgins, S Lackovic, M Lavender, A Lewis, JS Li, Y Morano, LH Porter, A Rauscher, K Slavova, S Watkins, S Zhang, L Funk, R AF Brinker, Kimberly Jacobs, Teri Shire, Jeffrey Bunn, Terry Chalmers, Juanita Dang, Gregory Flammia, Dwight Higgins, Sheila Lackovic, Michelle Lavender, Antionette Lewis, Jocelyn S. Li, Yinmei Morano, Laurel Harduar Porter, Austin Rauscher, Kimberly Slavova, Svetla Watkins, Sharon Zhang, Lei Funk, Renee TI Fatal Work-Related Injuries: Southeastern United States, 2008-2011 SO WORKPLACE HEALTH & SAFETY LA English DT Article DE National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH); government regulation; occupational injury fatalities; safety; health promotion; workforce ID VEHICLE AB In 2008, the work-related injury fatality rate was 3.8 per 100,000 workers in the United States but was 5.2 per 100,000 workers for the southeast region. Work-related fatalities in the southeast were examined for the period 2008 to 2011. Median work-related injury fatality rates are reported for the southeast region, each of the 12 states, and the United States. The percentages of employees in high fatality industries and work-related fatalities by cause were calculated. Finally, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's database was searched for fatality reports. States with the highest rates (per 100,000 workers) included Arkansas (7.2), Louisiana (6.8), and West Virginia (6.6). Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and West Virginia each had more than 20% of their employees in high fatality industries. Forty percent of work-related injury fatalities were from transportation incidents in the southeast and the United States. Future analyses should include work-related injury fatality rates by industry and compare rates with other U.S. regions. C1 [Brinker, Kimberly; Jacobs, Teri; Shire, Jeffrey; Funk, Renee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Bunn, Terry; Slavova, Svetla] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Chalmers, Juanita; Morano, Laurel Harduar; Watkins, Sharon] Florida Dept Hlth, Gainesville, FL USA. [Dang, Gregory; Higgins, Sheila] North Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Flammia, Dwight] Virginia Dept Hlth, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Lackovic, Michelle; Lewis, Jocelyn S.] Louisiana Dept Hlth & Hosp, Baton Rouge, LA 70821 USA. [Lavender, Antionette] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Li, Yinmei] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Memphis, TN USA. [Porter, Austin] Arkansas Dept Hlth, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Rauscher, Kimberly] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Zhang, Lei] Mississippi Dept Hlth, Mississippi State, MS USA. RP Brinker, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-20, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM kbrinker@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 2165-0799 EI 2165-0969 J9 WORKPLACE HEALTH SAF JI Workplace Health Saf. PD APR PY 2016 VL 64 IS 4 BP 135 EP 140 DI 10.1177/2165079915607873 PG 6 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA DJ2OB UT WOS:000374043100003 PM 26467194 ER PT J AU Rhoads, DD Mathison, BA Bishop, HS da Silva, AJ Pantanowitz, L AF Rhoads, Daniel D. Mathison, Blaine A. Bishop, Henry S. da Silva, Alexandre J. Pantanowitz, Liron TI Review of Telemicrobiology SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID BLOOD SMEARS; COMPUTER VISION; IMAGE-ANALYSIS; MICROSCOPY; DIAGNOSIS; MALARIA; TELEPATHOLOGY; PATHOLOGY; URINE; TELEMEDICINE AB Context.-Microbiology laboratories are continually pursuing means to improve quality, rapidity, and efficiency of specimen analysis in the face of limited resources. One means by which to achieve these improvements is through the remote analysis of digital images. Telemicrobiology enables the remote interpretation of images of microbiology specimens. To date, the practice of clinical tele-microbiology has not been thoroughly reviewed. Objective.-To identify the various methods that can be employed for telemicrobiology, including emerging technologies that may provide value to the clinical laboratory. Data Sources.-Peer-reviewed literature, conference proceedings, meeting presentations, and expert opinions pertaining to telemicrobiology have been evaluated. Conclusions.-A number of modalities have been employed for telemicroscopy, including static capture techniques, whole slide imaging, video telemicroscopy, mobile devices, and hybrid systems. Telemicrobiology has been successfully implemented for several applications, including routine primary diagnosis, expert teleconsultation, and proficiency testing. Emerging areas of telemicrobiology include digital plate reading of bacterial cultures, mobile health applications, and computer-augmented analysis of digital images. To date, static image capture techniques have been the most widely used modality for telemicrobiology, despite newer technologies being available that may produce better quality interpretations. Telemicrobiology adds value, quality, and efficiency to the clinical microbiology laboratory, and increased adoption of telemicrobiology is anticipated. C1 [Rhoads, Daniel D.; Pantanowitz, Liron] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Pathol, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Mathison, Blaine A.; Bishop, Henry S.; da Silva, Alexandre J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [da Silva, Alexandre J.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Laurel, MD USA. [Rhoads, Daniel D.] Cleveland Clin, Dept Lab Med, 9500 Euclid Ave,LL1-123, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. RP Rhoads, DD (reprint author), Cleveland Clin, Dept Lab Med, 9500 Euclid Ave,LL1-123, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. EM danrhoads@gmail.com FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU COLL AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA SN 0003-9985 EI 1543-2165 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD APR PY 2016 VL 140 IS 4 BP 362 EP 370 DI 10.5858/arpa.2015-0116-RA PG 9 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA DI7TJ UT WOS:000373704600015 PM 26317376 ER PT J AU Abdullah, N Laing, RS Hariri, S Young, CM Schafer, S AF Abdullah, Nasreen Laing, Robert S. Hariri, Susan Young, Collette M. Schafer, Sean TI Use of claims data to estimate annual cervical cancer screening percentages in Portland metropolitan area, Oregon SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Human papillomavirus (HPV); Cervical dysplasia; Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN); Cervical cancer screening; HPV vaccines ID NEOPLASIA; SOCIETY AB Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine should reduce cervical dysplasia before cervical cancer. However, dysplasia diagnosis is screening-dependent. Accurate screening estimates are needed. Purpose: To estimate the percentage of women in a geographic population that has had cervical cancer screening. Methods: We analyzed claims data for (Papanicolau) Pap tests from 2008-2012 to estimate the percentage of insured women aged 18-39 years screened. We estimated screening in uninsured women by dividing the percentage of insured Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey respondents reporting previous-year testing by the percentage of uninsured respondents reporting previous-year testing, and multiplying this ratio by claims-based estimates of insured women with previous-year screening. We calculated a simple weighted average of the two estimates to estimate overall screening percentage. We estimated credible intervals using Monte-Carlo simulations. Results: During 2008-2012, an annual average of 29.6% of women aged 18-39 years were screened. Screening increased from 2008 to 2009 in all age groups. During 2009-2012, the screening percentages decreased for all groups, but declined most in women aged 18-20 years, from 21.5% to 5.4%. Within age groups, compared to 2009, credible intervals did not overlap during 2011 (except age group 21-29 years) and 2012, and credible intervals in the 18-20 year group did not overlap with older groups in any year. Conclusions: This introduces a novel method to estimate population-level cervical cancer screening. Overall, percentage of women screened in Portland, Oregon fell following changes in screening recommendations released in 2009 and later modified in 2012. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Abdullah, Nasreen; Laing, Robert S.; Young, Collette M.; Schafer, Sean] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Acute & Communicable Dis Prevent Program, Portland, OR USA. [Hariri, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Abdullah, N (reprint author), 800 NE Oregon St,Suite 772, Portland, OR 97232 USA. EM nasreen.abdullah@state.or.us FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5U50CK000197] FX This work was supported by Cooperative Agreement 5U50CK000197 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of CDC. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1877-7821 EI 1877-783X J9 CANCER EPIDEMIOL JI Cancer Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2016 VL 41 BP 106 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.canep.2016.01.010 PG 7 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DI7ZZ UT WOS:000373721800015 PM 26897463 ER PT J AU Lipscomb, J Fleming, ST Trentham-Dietz, A Kimmick, G Wu, XC Morris, CR Zhang, K Smith, RA Anderson, RT Sabatino, SA AF Lipscomb, Joseph Fleming, Steven T. Trentham-Dietz, Amy Kimmick, Gretchen Wu, Xiao-Cheng Morris, Cyllene R. Zhang, Kun Smith, Robert A. Anderson, Roger T. Sabatino, Susan A. CA Ctr Dis Control Prevention TI What Predicts an Advanced-Stage Diagnosis of Breast Cancer? Sorting Out the Influence of Method of Detection, Access to Care, and Biologic Factors SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID POSTMENOPAUSAL HORMONE-THERAPY; SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHY; HEALTH-INSURANCE; UNITED-STATES; INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLES; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; PROPENSITY SCORES; CERVICAL-CANCER; RISK-FACTORS; WHITE WOMEN AB Background: Multiple studies have yielded important findings regarding the determinants of an advanced-stage diagnosis of breast cancer. We seek to advance this line of inquiry through a broadened conceptual framework and accompanying statistical modeling strategy that recognize the dual importance of access-to-care and biologic factors on stage. Methods: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-sponsored Breast and Prostate Cancer Data Quality and Patterns of Care Study yielded a seven-state, cancer registry-derived population-based sample of 9,142 women diagnosed with a first primary in situ or invasive breast cancer in 2004. The likelihood of advanced-stage cancer (American Joint Committee on Cancer IIIB, IIIC, or IV) was investigated through multivariable regression modeling, with base-case analyses using the method of instrumental variables (IV) to detect and correct for possible selection bias. The robustness of base-case findings was examined through extensive sensitivity analyses. Results: Advanced-stage disease was negatively associated with detection by mammography (P < 0.001) and with age < 50 (P < 0.001), and positively related to black race (P = 0.07), not being privately insured [Medicaid (P = 0.01), Medicare (P = 0.04), uninsured (P = 0.07)], being single (P = 0.06), body mass index > 40 (P = 0.001), a HER2 type tumor (P < 0.001), and tumor grade not well differentiated (P < 0.001). This IV model detected and adjusted for significant selection effects associated with method of detection (P = 0.02). Sensitivity analyses generally supported these base-case results. Conclusions: Through our comprehensive modeling strategy and sensitivity analyses, we provide new estimates of the magnitude and robustness of the determinants of advanced-stage breast cancer. Impact: Statistical approaches frequently used to address observational data biases in treatment-outcome studies can be applied similarly in analyses of the determinants of stage at diagnosis. (C) 2016 AACR. C1 [Lipscomb, Joseph] Emory Univ, Winship Canc Inst, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Fleming, Steven T.] Univ Kentucky, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Lexington, KY USA. [Trentham-Dietz, Amy] Univ Wisconsin, Carbone Canc Ctr, Madison, WI USA. [Kimmick, Gretchen] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Med Oncol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Kimmick, Gretchen] Duke Canc Inst, Multidisciplinary Breast Canc Program, Durham, NC USA. [Wu, Xiao-Cheng] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Program, New Orleans, LA USA. [Morris, Cyllene R.] UC Davis Hlth Syst, Calif Canc Registry, Inst Populat Hlth Improvement, Sacramento, CA USA. [Zhang, Kun] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Smith, Robert A.] Amer Canc Soc, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Anderson, Roger T.] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Anderson, Roger T.] UVA Canc Ctr, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Sabatino, Susan A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lipscomb, J (reprint author), Emory Univ, 1518 Clifton Rd,Rm 720, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM jlipsco@emory.edu FU CDC through cooperative agreements with the California Cancer Registry (Public Health Institute) [1-U01-DP000260]; Emory University [1-U01-DP000258]; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center [1-U01-DP000253]; Minnesota Cancer Surveillance System [1-U01-DP000259]; Medical College of Wisconsin [1-U01-DP000261]; University of Kentucky [1-U01- DP000251]; Wake Forest University [1-U01-DP000264]; Cancer Center Support Grant to the Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University from the NCI [P30CA138292] FX From the Breast and Prostate Cancer Data Quality and Patterns of Care Study, supported by the CDC through cooperative agreements with the California Cancer Registry (Public Health Institute; 1-U01-DP000260; to R. Cress), Emory University (1-U01-DP000258; principal investigator, J. Lipscomb), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (1-U01-DP000253; principal investigator, X.-C. Wu), Minnesota Cancer Surveillance System (1-U01-DP000259; principal investigator, C.I. Perkins), Medical College of Wisconsin (1-U01-DP000261; principal investigator, J.F. Wilson), University of Kentucky (1-U01- DP000251; principal investigator, S.T. Fleming), and Wake Forest University (1-U01-DP000264; principal investigator, R.T. Anderson). J. Lipscomb was supported also by Cancer Center Support Grant P30CA138292 to the Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University from the NCI. NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 9 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 EI 1538-7755 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD APR PY 2016 VL 25 IS 4 BP 613 EP 623 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-15-0225 PG 11 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DI4RB UT WOS:000373485900008 PM 26819266 ER PT J AU Quinn, CP Sabourin, CL Schiffer, JM Niemuth, NA Semenova, VA Li, H Rudge, TL Brys, AM Mittler, RS Ibegbu, CC Wrammert, J Ahmed, R Parker, SD Babcock, J Keitel, W Poland, GA Keyserling, HL El Sahly, H Jacobson, RM Marano, N Plikaytis, BD Wright, JG AF Quinn, Conrad P. Sabourin, Carol L. Schiffer, Jarad M. Niemuth, Nancy A. Semenova, Vera A. Li, Han Rudge, Thomas L. Brys, April M. Mittler, Robert S. Ibegbu, Chris C. Wrammert, Jens Ahmed, Rafi Parker, Scott D. Babcock, Janiine Keitel, Wendy Poland, Gregory A. Keyserling, Harry L. El Sahly, Hana Jacobson, Robert M. Marano, Nina Plikaytis, Brian D. Wright, Jennifer G. TI Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immune Responses to Alternate Booster Schedules of Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed in Humans SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LETHAL TOXIN NEUTRALIZATION; INHALATION ANTHRAX; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION; INCUBATION PERIOD; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; RHESUS MACAQUES; SAFETY; MEMORY AB Protective antigen (PA)-specific antibody and cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses to annual and alternate booster schedules of anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA; BioThrax) were characterized in humans over 43 months. Study participants received 1 of 6 vaccination schedules: a 3-dose intramuscular (IM) priming series (0, 1, and 6 months) with a single booster at 42 months (4IM); 3-dose IM priming with boosters at 18 and 42 months (5-IM); 3-dose IM priming with boosters at 12, 18, 30, and 42 months (7-IM); the 1970 licensed priming series of 6 doses (0, 0.5, 1, 6, 12, and 18 months) and two annual boosters (30 and 42 months) administered either subcutaneously (SQ) (8-SQ) or IM (8-IM); or saline placebo control at all eight time points. Antibody response profiles included serum anti-PA IgG levels, subclass distributions, avidity, and lethal toxin neutralization activity (TNA). CMI profiles included frequencies of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)- and interleukin 4 (IL-4)-secreting cells and memory B cells (MBCs), lymphocyte stimulation indices (SI), and induction of IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA. All active schedules elicited high-avidity PA-specific IgG, TNA, MBCs, and T cell responses with a mixed Th1-Th2 profile and Th2 dominance. Anti-PA IgG and TNA were highly correlated (e.g., month 7, r(2) = 0.86, P < 0.0001, log(10) transformed) and declined in the absence of boosters. Boosters administered IM generated the highest antibody responses. Increasing time intervals between boosters generated antibody responses that were faster than and superior to those obtained with the final month 42 vaccination. CMI responses to the 3-dose IM priming remained elevated up to 43 months. C1 [Quinn, Conrad P.; Schiffer, Jarad M.; Semenova, Vera A.; Li, Han; Marano, Nina; Plikaytis, Brian D.; Wright, Jennifer G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sabourin, Carol L.; Niemuth, Nancy A.; Rudge, Thomas L.; Brys, April M.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH USA. [Mittler, Robert S.; Ibegbu, Chris C.; Wrammert, Jens; Ahmed, Rafi] Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Mittler, Robert S.; Ibegbu, Chris C.] Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Parker, Scott D.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Babcock, Janiine] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Keitel, Wendy; El Sahly, Hana] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Poland, Gregory A.; Jacobson, Robert M.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. [Keyserling, Harry L.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Quinn, CP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM cquinn@cdc.gov FU HHS \ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX HHS vertical bar Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provided funding to Conrad P. Quinn, Carol Sabourin, Jarad M. Schiffer, Nancy Niemuth, Vera Semenova, Han Li, Thomas L. Rudge, April Brys, Robert S. Mittler, Chris Ibegbu, Jens Wrammert, Rafi Ahmed, Scott D. Parker, Janiine Babcock, Wendy Keitel, Gregory A. Poland, Harry Keyserling, Hana El Sahly, Robert M. Jacobson, Nina Marano, Brian D. Plikaytis, and Jennifer Wright. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 EI 1556-679X J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD APR PY 2016 VL 23 IS 4 BP 326 EP 338 DI 10.1128/CVI.00696-15 PG 13 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DI4SY UT WOS:000373490800009 PM 26865594 ER PT J AU Viall, AH McCray, E Mermin, J Wortley, P AF Viall, Abigail H. McCray, Eugene Mermin, Jonathan Wortley, Pascale TI Current and (Potential) Future Effects of the Affordable Care Act on HIV Prevention SO CURRENT HIV/AIDS REPORTS LA English DT Article DE Affordable Care Act; HIV; Prevention; HIV prevention; Health care; Health insurance; Public health; Review ID UNITED-STATES; PREEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; BLACK-MEN; HEALTH; INFECTION; RISK; RETENTION; MEDICAID; SERVICES AB Recent advances in science, program, and policy could better position the nation to achieve its vision of the USA as a place where new HIV infections are rare. Among these developments, passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) in 2010 may prove particularly important, as the health system transformations it has launched offer a supportive foundation for realizing the potential of other advances, both within and beyond the clinical arena. This article summarizes opportunities to expand access to high-impact HIV prevention interventions under the ACA, examines whether available evidence indicates that these opportunities are being realized, and considers potential challenges to further gains for HIV prevention in an era of health reform. This article also highlights the new roles that HIV prevention programs and providers may assume in a health system no longer defined by fragmentation among public health, medical care, and community service providers. C1 [Viall, Abigail H.; McCray, Eugene; Wortley, Pascale] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Mermin, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Viall, AH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bzv3@cdc.gov NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1548-3568 EI 1548-3576 J9 CURR HIV-AIDS REP JI Curr. Hiv/Aids Rep. PD APR PY 2016 VL 13 IS 2 BP 95 EP 106 DI 10.1007/s11904-016-0306-z PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DI6WI UT WOS:000373640500003 PM 26894486 ER PT J AU Kurkjian, KM Winz, M Yang, J Corvese, K Colon, A Levine, SJ Mullen, J Ruth, D Anson-Dwamena, R Bayleyegn, T Chang, DS AF Kurkjian, Katie M. Winz, Michelle Yang, Jun Corvese, Kate Colon, Ana Levine, Seth J. Mullen, Jessica Ruth, Donna Anson-Dwamena, Rexford Bayleyegn, Tesfaye Chang, David S. TI Assessing Emergency Preparedness and Response Capacity Using Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response Methodology: Portsmouth, Virginia, 2013 SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE needs assessment; disaster planning; emergency preparedness AB Objective For the past decade, emergency preparedness campaigns have encouraged households to meet preparedness metrics, such as having a household evacuation plan and emergency supplies of food, water, and medication. To estimate current household preparedness levels and to enhance disaster response planning, the Virginia Department of Health with remote technical assistance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention conducted a community health assessment in 2013 in Portsmouth, Virginia. Methods Using the Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER) methodology with 2-stage cluster sampling, we randomly selected 210 households for in-person interviews. Households were questioned about emergency planning and supplies, information sources during emergencies, and chronic health conditions. Results Interview teams completed 180 interviews (86%). Interviews revealed that 70% of households had an emergency evacuation plan, 67% had a 3-day supply of water for each member, and 77% had a first aid kit. Most households (65%) reported that the television was the primary source of information during an emergency. Heart disease (54%) and obesity (40%) were the most frequently reported chronic conditions. Conclusions The Virginia Department of Health identified important gaps in local household preparedness. Data from the assessment have been used to inform community health partners, enhance disaster response planning, set community health priorities, and influence Portsmouth's Community Health Improvement Plan. C1 [Kurkjian, Katie M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Virginia Dept Hlth, Off Epidemiol,Div Surveillance & Invest, Richmond, VA USA. [Winz, Michelle; Mullen, Jessica; Ruth, Donna; Chang, David S.] Virginia Dept Hlth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Yang, Jun; Corvese, Kate; Levine, Seth J.] Virginia Dept Hlth, Off Epidemiol, Div Surveillance & Invest, Richmond, VA 23219 USA. [Colon, Ana] Virginia Dept Hlth, Off Epidemiol, Div Surveillance & Invest, Norfolk, VA USA. [Anson-Dwamena, Rexford] Virginia Dept Hlth, Off Family Hlth Serv, Richmond, VA 23219 USA. [Bayleyegn, Tesfaye] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Hlth Studies Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Corvese, Kate] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Div State & Local Readiness, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kurkjian, KM (reprint author), Virginia Dept Hlth, 109 Governor St, Richmond, VA 23219 USA. EM Katie.Kurkjian@vdh.virginia.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5U38HM000414] FX One author (KC) was supported by an appointment to the Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program administered by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Cooperative Agreement Number 5U38HM000414. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1935-7893 EI 1938-744X J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD APR PY 2016 VL 10 IS 2 BP 193 EP 198 DI 10.1017/dmp.2015.173 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DI7ZC UT WOS:000373719500006 PM 26795137 ER PT J AU Larson, TC Orr, MF Heide, EAD Wu, J Mukhopadhyay, S Horton, DK AF Larson, Theodore C. Orr, Maureen F. Heide, Erik Auf Der Wu, Jennifer Mukhopadhyay, Sutapa Horton, D. Kevin TI Threat of Secondary Chemical Contamination of Emergency Departments and Personnel: An Uncommon but Recurrent Problem SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE hazardous substances; emergency service; hospital; decontamination ID HAZARDOUS MATERIALS EVENTS; SUBWAY SARIN ATTACK; DISASTER MANAGEMENT; DECONTAMINATION; EQUIPMENT; EXPOSURE AB Objective To analyze acute hazardous substance release surveillance data for events involving secondary contamination of hospital emergency departments (EDs). Secondary contamination of EDs may occur when a patient exposed to a hazardous chemical is not decontaminated before arrival at the ED and when ED staff are not wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. This can result in adverse health outcomes among department personnel, other patients, and visitors. Even events without actual secondary contamination risk can be real in their consequences and require the decontamination of the ED or its occupants, evacuation, or temporary shutdown of the ED. Methods Events involving secondary contamination were identified by using the Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance system and the National Toxic Substance Incidents Program from 2007 to 2013. Results Five incidents involving the threat of secondary contamination (0.02% of all events reported to the surveillance systems [n=33,001]) were detected and are described. Four incidents involved suspected secondary contamination in which the facility was evacuated or shut down. Conclusions These results suggest that although rare, incidents involving secondary contamination continue to present a hazard for emergency departments. Suggested best practices to avoid secondary contamination have been described. Hospitals should be made aware of the risks associated with secondary contamination and the need to proactively train and equip staff to perform decontamination. C1 [Larson, Theodore C.; Orr, Maureen F.; Heide, Erik Auf Der; Wu, Jennifer; Horton, D. Kevin] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mukhopadhyay, Sutapa] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Communicable & Environm Dis & Emergency Preparedn, Nashville, TN USA. RP Larson, TC (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. EM TLarson@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1935-7893 EI 1938-744X J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD APR PY 2016 VL 10 IS 2 BP 199 EP 202 DI 10.1017/dmp.2015.127 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DI7ZC UT WOS:000373719500007 PM 26554546 ER PT J AU Makey, CM McClean, MD Braverman, LE Pearce, EN He, XM Sjodin, A Weinberg, JM Webster, TF AF Makey, Colleen M. McClean, Michael D. Braverman, Lewis E. Pearce, Elizabeth N. He, Xue-Mei Sjoedin, Andreas Weinberg, Janice M. Webster, Thomas F. TI Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether Exposure and Thyroid Function Tests in North American Adults SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; HORMONE-LEVELS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE; PERINATAL EXPOSURE; GENE-EXPRESSION; PBDE MIXTURE; HUMAN-SERUM; IN-VITRO; PREGNANCY AB BACKGROUND: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame-retardant chemicals that are added to many consumer products. Multiple animal studies have shown PBDEs to be thyroid hormone (TH) disruptors. Epidemiologic evidence of PBDE exposure associated with TH disruption has been inconclusive. OBJECTIVES: We used repeated measures to estimate associations between serum PBDE concentrations and THs in a North American adult cohort. METHODS: From 2010 to 2011, we collected <= 3 serum samples at approximately 6-month intervals from 52 healthy adult office workers from Boston, Massachusetts, for analysis of PBDE congeners and THs. RESULTS: The geometric mean sum concentrations of the most prevalent PBDE congeners (BDE-28, BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-100, and BDE-153) were 22 ng/g lipid in winter 2010, 23 ng/g lipid in summer 2010, and 19 ng/g lipid in winter 2011. BDE-47 was the predominant congener. Based on a multivariable mixed regression model, we estimated that on average, a 1-ng/g serum increase in BDE-47 was associated with a 2.6-mu g/dL decrease in total thyroxine (T-4) (95% CI: -4.7, -0.35). Total T-4 was inversely associated with each PBDE congener. Serum concentrations of PBDEs were not strongly associated with total triiodothyronine (T-3), free T-4, or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). CONCLUSION: These results are consistent with those from animal studies showing that exposure to PBDEs is associated with a decrease in serum T-4. Because the other TH concentrations did not appear to be associated with BDE exposures, our findings do not indicate effects on the pituitary-thyroid axis. Taken together, our findings suggest that PBDE exposure might decrease the binding of T-4 to serum T-4 binding proteins. C1 [Makey, Colleen M.; McClean, Michael D.; Webster, Thomas F.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, 715 Albany St,T4W, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Braverman, Lewis E.; Pearce, Elizabeth N.; He, Xue-Mei] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Sect Endocrinol Diabet & Nutr, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Sjoedin, Andreas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weinberg, Janice M.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Makey, CM (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, 715 Albany St,T4W, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM cmakey@bu.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health [R01ES015829, T32ES014562] FX This study was supported by grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health [R01ES015829 (T.F.W.) and T32ES014562 (M.D.McC.)]. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 22 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD APR PY 2016 VL 124 IS 4 BP 420 EP 425 DI 10.1289/ehp.1509755 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DI9OU UT WOS:000373833100015 PM 26372669 ER PT J AU Buckley, JP Engel, SM Mendez, MA Richardson, DB Daniels, JL Calafat, AM Wolff, MS Herring, AH AF Buckley, Jessie P. Engel, Stephanie M. Mendez, Michelle A. Richardson, David B. Daniels, Julie L. Calafat, Antonia M. Wolff, Mary S. Herring, Amy H. TI Prenatal Phthalate Exposures and Childhood Fat Mass in a New York City Cohort SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIORAL-ASSESSMENT SCALE; PREGNANT-WOMEN; BISPHENOL-A; BIRTH COHORT; IN-UTERO; OBESITY; PERFORMANCE; METABOLITES; OBESOGENS; CHILDREN AB BACKGROUND: Experimental animal studies and limited epidemiologic evidence suggest that prenatal exposure to phthalates may be obesogenic, with potential sex-specific effects of phthalates having anti-androgenic activity. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess associations between prenatal phthalate exposures and childhood fat mass in a prospective cohort study. METHODS: We measured phthalate metabolite concentrations in third-trimester maternal urine in a cohort of women enrolled in New York City between 1998 and 2002 (n = 404). Among 180 children (82 girls and 98 boys), we evaluated body composition using a Tanita scale at multiple follow-up visits between ages 4 and 9 years (363 total visits). We estimated associations of standard deviation differences or tertiles of natural log phthalate metabolite concentrations with percent fat mass using linear mixed-effects regression models with random intercepts for repeated outcome measurements. We assessed associations in multiple metabolite models and adjusted for covariates including prepregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, maternal smoking during pregnancy, and breastfeeding. RESULTS: We did not observe associations between maternal urinary phthalate concentrations and percent body fat in models examining continuous exposures. Fat mass was 3.06% (95% CI: -5.99, -0.09%) lower among children in the highest tertile of maternal urinary concentrations of summed di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (Sigma DEHP) metabolites than in children in the lowest tertile. Though estimates were imprecise, there was little evidence that associations between maternal urinary phthalate concentrations and percent fat mass were modified by child's sex. CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal phthalate exposures were not associated with increased body fat among children 4-9 years of age, though high prenatal DEHP exposure may be associated with lower fat mass in childhood. C1 [Buckley, Jessie P.; Engel, Stephanie M.; Richardson, David B.; Daniels, Julie L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, CB 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Mendez, Michelle A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Lab Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wolff, Mary S.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Community & Preventat Med, New York, NY USA. [Herring, Amy H.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Herring, Amy H.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Buckley, JP (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, CB 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM jessbuck@unc.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health [ES021700]; NIEHS [ES009584, T32 ES007018, ES020619]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [R827039, RD831711]; Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; New York Community Trust; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [T32-HD052468-05] FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (ES021700). The Mount Sinai Children's Environmental Health Study was supported by grants from the NIEHS (ES009584), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (R827039 and RD831711), the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, and The New York Community Trust. J.P.B. was supported by training grants from NIEHS (T32 ES007018) and from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (T32-HD052468-05). A.H.H. was supported by a grant from the NIEHS (ES020619). NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 17 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD APR PY 2016 VL 124 IS 4 BP 507 EP 513 DI 10.1289/ehp.1509788 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DI9OU UT WOS:000373833100026 PM 26308089 ER PT J AU Maresca, MM Hoepner, LA Hassoun, A Oberfield, SE Mooney, SJ Calafat, AM Ramirez, J Freyer, G Perera, FP Whyatt, RM Rundle, AG AF Maresca, Michelle M. Hoepner, Lori A. Hassoun, Abeer Oberfield, Sharon E. Mooney, Stephen J. Calafat, Antonia M. Ramirez, Judyth Freyer, Greg Perera, Frederica P. Whyatt, Robin M. Rundle, Andrew G. TI Prenatal Exposure to Phthalates and Childhood Body Size in an Urban Cohort SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; NATIONALLY REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE; URINARY CONCENTRATIONS; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; CITY CHILDREN; METABOLITES; ASSOCIATIONS; POPULATION AB BACKGROUND: Phthalate exposures are hypothesized to increase obesity; however, prior research has been largely cross-sectional. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated associations between prenatal phthalate exposures and body mass index (BMI) at child ages 5 and 7 years. METHODS: Nine metabolites of six phthalates-di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di-n-octyl-, di-iso-butyl-, di-n-butyl-, butylbenzyl-, and diethyl phthalates-were measured in spot urine samples collected from pregnant African-American and Dominican women during their third trimester, and from their children at ages 3 and 5 years. To reduce multiple comparison issues, we initially used principal component analysis (PCA) to identify major patterns of natural log (ln)-transformed metabolite concentrations. Height and weight were assessed at ages 5 and 7 years, and fat mass and waist circumference at age 7. Linearized generalized estimating equation analyses related maternal component scores to child anthropometric outcomes at ages 5 (n = 326) and 7 (n = 330) years. RESULTS: PCA identified a DEHP component and a non-DEHP component. In boys, higher maternal non-DEHP, but not DEHP, component scores were associated with lower BMI z-score (beta = -0.30; 95% CI: -0.50, -0.10, n = 156), lower fat percentage (beta = -1.62; 95% CI: -2.91, -0.34, n = 142), and smaller waist circumference (beta = -2.02; 95% CI: -3.71, -0.32, n = 124). No significant associations with anthropometric outcomes were seen in girls (for BMI z-score, beta = 0.07; 95% CI: -0.18, 0.31, n = 181). Interactions between sex and non-DEHP component association with outcomes were statistically significant (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to hypotheses, prenatal non-DEHP phthalate exposures were associated with lower BMI z-score, waist circumference, and fat mass in boys during early childhood. C1 [Maresca, Michelle M.; Hassoun, Abeer; Oberfield, Sharon E.] Columbia Univ, Dept Pediat, New York Presbyterian Hosp, Div Pediat Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Hoepner, Lori A.; Ramirez, Judyth; Freyer, Greg; Perera, Frederica P.; Whyatt, Robin M.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, New York, NY USA. [Mooney, Stephen J.; Rundle, Andrew G.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rundle, AG (reprint author), Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 722 West 168th St,Room 730, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM Agr3@columbia.edu RI Rundle, Andrew/A-5282-2009 OI Rundle, Andrew/0000-0003-0211-7707 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)/National Institutes of Health (NIH); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; NIEHS [5P01ES09600, 5R01ES08977, R01ES010165, R01ES015282]; U.S. EPA [R827027, 8260901, RR00645]; Educational Foundation of America; John and Wendy Neu Family Foundation; New York Community Trust; Trustees of the Blanchette Hooker Rockefeller Fund; NIH T32 Training Grant [5T32DK06552-07] FX This study was funded in part by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)/National Institutes of Health (NIH), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. This study was supported by NIEHS grants 5P01ES09600, 5R01ES08977, R01ES010165, and R01ES015282; U.S. EPA grants R827027, 8260901, and RR00645; the Educational Foundation of America; the John and Wendy Neu Family Foundation; the New York Community Trust; and the Trustees of the Blanchette Hooker Rockefeller Fund. M.M.M. received support from NIH T32 Training Grant 5T32DK06552-07. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 18 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD APR PY 2016 VL 124 IS 4 BP 514 EP 520 DI 10.1289/ehp.1408750 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DI9OU UT WOS:000373833100027 PM 26069025 ER PT J AU Mervish, NA Pajak, A Teitelbaum, SL Pinney, SM Windham, GC Kushi, LH Biro, FM Valentin-Blasini, L Blount, BC Wolff, MS AF Mervish, Nancy A. Pajak, Ashley Teitelbaum, Susan L. Pinney, Susan M. Windham, Gayle C. Kushi, Lawrence H. Biro, Frank M. Valentin-Blasini, Liza Blount, Benjamin C. Wolff, Mary S. CA Breast Canc Environm Res Project TI Thyroid Antagonists (Perchlorate, Thiocyanate, and Nitrate) and Childhood Growth in a Longitudinal Study of US Girls SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE RISK; SODIUM-IODIDE SYMPORTER; SCHOOL-AGE-CHILDREN; DRINKING-WATER; PHTHALATE METABOLITES; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; HORMONE LEVELS; UNITED-STATES AB Background: Perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate are sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) inhibitors that block iodide uptake into the thyroid, thus affecting thyroid function. Thyroid dysfunction can adversely affect somatic growth and development in children. To our knowledge, no studies have examined effects of NIS inhibitors on body size measures. Objective: We investigated associations between NIS inhibitors and childhood growth in 940 girls from the Puberty Study of the Breast Cancer and Environment Research Program. Methods: Urine samples collected from girls 6-8 years of age at enrollment (2004-2007) from New York City, greater Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Bay Area in California were analyzed for NIS inhibitors and creatinine (C). The longitudinal association between NIS inhibitors and anthropometric measures [height, waist circumference, and body mass index (BMI)] during at least three visits was examined using mixed effects linear models, adjusted for race and site. Results: Compared with girls in the low-exposure group (3.6, 626, and 500 mg/gC, median perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate, respectively) girls with the highest NIS inhibitor exposure (9.6, 2,343, and 955 mg/gC, median perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate, respectively) had slower growth in waist circumference and BMI but not height. Significant differences in the predicted mean waist circumference and BMI between the low-and high-exposure groups were observed beginning at 11 years of age. Conclusions: Higher NIS inhibitor exposure biomarkers were associated with reductions in waist circumference and BMI. These findings underscore the need to assess exposure to NIS inhibitors with respect to their influence on childhood growth. C1 [Mervish, Nancy A.; Pajak, Ashley; Teitelbaum, Susan L.; Wolff, Mary S.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Prevent Med, Box 1057,1 Gustave L Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Pinney, Susan M.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Windham, Gayle C.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Invest Branch, Richmond, CA USA. [Kushi, Lawrence H.] Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Biro, Frank M.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Div Adolescent Med, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Valentin-Blasini, Liza; Blount, Benjamin C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mervish, NA (reprint author), Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Prevent Med, Box 1057,1 Gustave L Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM Nancy.Mervish@mssm.edu FU Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program (BCERP) [U01ES012770, U01ES012771, U01ES012800, U01ES012801, U01ES019435, U01ES019453, U01ES019454, U01ES019457, R827039]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Institutes of Health; Department of Health and Human Services (NIEHS/NIH/DHHS) [P01ES009584, P30ES006096]; National Cancer Institute (NCI/NIH, DHHS); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; NIH/DHHS [CSTA-UL1RR029887]; New York State Empire Clinical Research Investigator Program; Pediatric Environmental Health Fellowship [HD049311]; Avon Foundation FX This research was supported by the Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program (BCERP; award nos. U01ES012770, U01ES012771, U01ES012800, U01ES012801, U01ES019435, U01ES019453, U01ES019454, U01ES019457, and R827039), the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the National Institutes of Health, the Department of Health and Human Services (NIEHS/NIH/DHHS; P01ES009584 and P30ES006096), the National Cancer Institute (NCI/NIH, DHHS), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the NIH/DHHS (CSTA-UL1RR029887), the New York State Empire Clinical Research Investigator Program, the Pediatric Environmental Health Fellowship (HD049311), and the Avon Foundation. L.H.K. is employed by Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 13 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD APR PY 2016 VL 124 IS 4 BP 542 EP 549 DI 10.1289/ehp.1409309 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DI9OU UT WOS:000373833100031 PM 26151950 ER PT J AU Calafat, AM Longnecker, MP Koch, HM Swan, SH Hauser, R Goldman, LR Lanphear, BP Rudel, RA Engel, SM Teitelbaum, SL Whyatt, RM Wolff, MS AF Calafat, Antonia M. Longnecker, Matthew P. Koch, Holger M. Swan, Shanna H. Hauser, Russ Goldman, Lynn R. Lanphear, Bruce P. Rudel, Ruthann A. Engel, Stephanie M. Teitelbaum, Susan L. Whyatt, Robin M. Wolff, Mary S. TI Response to "Comment on 'Optimal Exposure Biomarkers for Nonpersistent Chemicals in Environmental Epidemiology'" SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Letter ID BISPHENOL-A C1 [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Longnecker, Matthew P.] NIEHS, NIH, US Dept HHS, POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Koch, Holger M.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, German Social Accid Insurance, Inst Prevent & Occupat Med, Univ Str 150, Bochum, Germany. [Swan, Shanna H.; Teitelbaum, Susan L.; Wolff, Mary S.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1057, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Hauser, Russ] Harvard Univ, Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Goldman, Lynn R.] George Washington Univ, Milken Inst Sch Publ Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] British Columbia Childrens Hosp, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada. [Rudel, Ruthann A.] Silent Spring Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Engel, Stephanie M.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Whyatt, Robin M.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. RP Wolff, MS (reprint author), Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1057, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM mary.wolff@mssm.edu RI Koch, Holger/B-3277-2011; OI Koch, Holger/0000-0002-8328-2837; Longnecker, Matthew/0000-0001-6073-5322 NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD APR PY 2016 VL 124 IS 4 BP A66 EP A67 DI 10.1289/ehp.1611282 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DI9OU UT WOS:000373833100006 PM 27035263 ER PT J AU Zhang, P Hire, D Espeland, MA Knowler, WC Thomas, S Tsai, AG Glick, HA AF Zhang, Ping Hire, Don Espeland, Mark A. Knowler, William C. Thomas, Sheikilya Tsai, Adam G. Glick, Henry A. CA Look AHEAD Res Grp TI Impact of intensive lifestyle intervention on preference-based quality of life in type 2 diabetes: Results from the Look AHEAD trial SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID WEIGHT-LOSS INTERVENTION; HEALTH UTILITIES INDEX; IMPORTANT DIFFERENCE; OBESE ADULTS; MULTIATTRIBUTE; DISEASE; SYSTEM; SF-36; SF-6D; EQ-5D AB ObjectiveTo assess the effect of an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) compared with standard diabetes support and education (DSE) on preference-based health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in persons with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes. MethodsLook AHEAD was a multisite, randomized trial of 5,145 participants assigned to ILI or DSE. Four instruments were administered during the trial: Feeling Thermometer (FT), Health Utilities Index Mark 2 (HUI2), Health Utilities Index Mark 3 (HUI3), and Short Form 6D (SF-6D). Linear mixed effect models were used to estimate the mean difference in preference scores by treatment group for 9 years. ResultsThe ILI had higher mean FT (0.019, 95% CI, 0.015-0.024, P<0.001) and SF-6D (0.011, 95% CI, 0.006-0.014, P<0.001) scores than the DSE. No significant group differences were observed for the HUI2 (0.004, 95% CI, -0.003 to 0.010, P=0.23) and HUI3 (0.004, -0.004 to 0.012, P=0.36). In year 1, the ILI had higher mean preference scores for all instruments. Thereafter, the increases remained significant only for FT and SF-6D, and the effects also become smaller. ConclusionsILI aimed at reducing body weight among persons with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes improves preference-based HRQOL in the short term, but its long-term effect is unclear. C1 [Zhang, Ping] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hire, Don; Espeland, Mark A.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Biostat Sci, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Knowler, William C.] NIDDKD, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Thomas, Sheikilya] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Div Prevent Med, Birmingham, AL USA. [Tsai, Adam G.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Div Internal Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Glick, Henry A.] Univ Penn, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Zhang, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. EM pzhang@cdc.gov FU Department of Health and Human Services through National Institutes of Health (NIH) [DK57136, DK57149, DK56990, DK57177, DK57171, DK57151, DK57182, DK57131, DK57002, DK57078, DK57154, DK57178, DK57219, DK57008, DK57135, DK56992]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institute of Nursing Research; National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities; Office of Research on Women's Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Department of Veterans Affairs; Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Bayview General Clinical Research Center [M01RR02719]; Massachusetts General Hospital Mallinckrodt General Clinical Research Center; Massachusetts Institute of Technology General Clinical Research Center [M01RR01066]; University of Colorado Health Sciences Center General Clinical Research Center [M01RR00051]; Clinical Nutrition Research Unit [P30 DK48520]; University of Tennessee at Memphis General Clinical Research Center [M01RR0021140]; University of Pittsburgh General Clinical Research Center [M01RR000056]; Clinical Translational Research Center - Clinical & Translational Science Award [UL1 RR 024153]; NIH [DK 046204]; Frederic C. Bartter General Clinical Research Center [M01RR01346] FX This study is supported by the Department of Health and Human Services through the following cooperative agreements from the National Institutes of Health (NIH): DK57136, DK57149, DK56990, DK57177, DK57171, DK57151, DK57182, DK57131, DK57002, DK57078, DK57154, DK57178, DK57219, DK57008, DK57135, and DK56992. The following federal agencies have contributed support: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institute of Nursing Research; National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities; Office of Research on Women's Health; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; and the Department of Veterans Affairs. This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The Indian Health Service (I.H.S.) provided personnel, medical oversight, and use of facilities. The opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the I.H.S. or other funding sources. Additional support was received from The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Bayview General Clinical Research Center (M01RR02719); the Massachusetts General Hospital Mallinckrodt General Clinical Research Center and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology General Clinical Research Center (M01RR01066); the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center General Clinical Research Center (M01RR00051) and Clinical Nutrition Research Unit (P30 DK48520); the University of Tennessee at Memphis General Clinical Research Center (M01RR0021140); the University of Pittsburgh General Clinical Research Center (M01RR000056) and the Clinical Translational Research Center funded by the Clinical & Translational Science Award (UL1 RR 024153) and NIH grant (DK 046204); and the Frederic C. Bartter General Clinical Research Center (M01RR01346). The following organizations have committed to make major contributions to Look AHEAD: FedEx Corporation; Health Management Resources; LifeScan, Inc., a Johnson & Johnson Company; OPTIFAST (R) of Nestle HealthCare Nutrition, Inc.; Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.; Abbott Nutrition; and Slim-Fast Brand of Unilever North America. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 EI 1930-739X J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD APR PY 2016 VL 24 IS 4 BP 856 EP 864 DI 10.1002/oby.21445 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA DI6MM UT WOS:000373613200016 PM 27028282 ER PT J AU Alvarez, C Cleveland, RJ Renner, JB Callahan, LF Helmick, CG Allen, KD Nelson, AE Golightly, YM Jordan, JM AF Alvarez, C. Cleveland, R. J. Renner, J. B. Callahan, L. F. Helmick, C. G. Allen, K. D. Nelson, A. E. Golightly, Y. M. Jordan, J. M. TI COMORBID CONDITIONS AND THE PRESENCE OR DEVELOPMENT OF SYMPTOMATIC LOWER-EXTREMITY OSTEOARTHRITIS IN A COMMUNITY-BASED LONGITUDINAL STUDY SO OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT World Congress of the Osteoarthritis-Research-Society-International (OARSI) on Osteoarthritis CY MAR 31-APR 03, 2016 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP Osteoarthritis Res Soc Int C1 [Alvarez, C.; Cleveland, R. J.; Renner, J. B.; Callahan, L. F.; Allen, K. D.; Nelson, A. E.; Golightly, Y. M.; Jordan, J. M.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Helmick, C. G.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1063-4584 EI 1522-9653 J9 OSTEOARTHR CARTILAGE JI Osteoarthritis Cartilage PD APR PY 2016 VL 24 SU S MA 698 BP S417 EP S417 PG 1 WC Orthopedics; Rheumatology SC Orthopedics; Rheumatology GA DI5KW UT WOS:000373538800728 ER PT J AU Mase, SR Jereb, JA Gonzalez, D Martin, F Daley, CL Fred, D Loeffler, AM Menon, LR Morris, SB Brostrom, R Chorba, T Peloquin, CA AF Mase, Sundari R. Jereb, John A. Gonzalez, Daniel Martin, Fatma Daley, Charles L. Fred, Dorina Loeffler, Ann M. Menon, Lakshmy R. Morris, Sapna Bamrah Brostrom, Richard Chorba, Terence Peloquin, Charles A. TI Pharmacokinetics and Dosing of Levofloxacin in Children Treated for Active or Latent Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis, Federated States of Micronesia and Republic of the Marshall Islands SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; multidrug-resistant; pharmacokinetics; levofloxacin; children ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; OFLOXACIN; FLUOROQUINOLONE; MOXIFLOXACIN; NONMEM AB Background: In the Federated States of Micronesia and then the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI), levofloxacin pharmacokinetics were studied in children receiving directly observed once-daily regimens (10 mg/kg, age >5 years; 15-20 mg/kg, age 5 years) for either multidrug-resistant tuberculosis disease or latent infection after multidrug-resistant tuberculosis exposure, to inform future dosing strategies. Methods: Blood samples were collected at 0 (RMI only), 1, 2 and 6 hours (50 children, aged 6 months to 15 years) after oral levofloxacin at >6 weeks of treatment. Clinical characteristics and maximal drug concentration (C-max) of levofloxacin, elimination half-life and area under the curve from 0 to 24 hours (AUC(0-24) hours x g/mL) were correlated to determine the optimal dosage and to examine associations. Population pharmacokinetics and target attainment were modeled. With results from the Federated States of Micronesia, dosages were increased in RMI toward the target C-max for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 8-12 mu g/mL. Results: C-max correlated linearly with per-weight dosage. Neither C-max nor half-life was associated with gender, age, body mass index, concurrent medications or predose meals. At levofloxacin dosage of 15-20 mg/kg, C-max 8 mu g/mL was observed, and modeling corroborated a high target attainment across the ratio of the area under the free concentration versus time curve to minimum inhibitory concentration (fAUC(ss,0-24)/MIC) values. Conclusions: Levofloxacin dosage should be 15-20 mg/kg for C-max 8 mu g/mL and a high target attainment across fAUC(ss,0-24)/MIC values in children 2 years of age. C1 [Mase, Sundari R.; Jereb, John A.; Menon, Lakshmy R.; Morris, Sapna Bamrah; Brostrom, Richard; Chorba, Terence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30030 USA. [Gonzalez, Daniel] Univ Florida, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Gonzalez, Daniel] Univ N Carolina, UNC Eshelman Sch Pharm, Div Pharmacotherapy & Expt Therapeut, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Gonzalez, Daniel] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Martin, Fatma] North Bay Pediat, Vallejo, CA USA. [Daley, Charles L.] Natl Jewish Hlth, Div Mycobacterial & Resp Infect, Denver, CO USA. [Fred, Dorina] Fed States Micronesia, TB Leprosy Program, San Francisco, CA USA. [Loeffler, Ann M.] Francis J Curry Int TB Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. [Peloquin, Charles A.] Univ Florida, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmacotherapy & Translat Res, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Mase, SR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30030 USA. EM fyy0@cdc.gov FU FSM national government; RMI national government FX The authors acknowledge and thank the patients of FSM and RMI and their parents, the clinicians, DOT workers and administrative staff of the Chuuk State TB Program and the RMI National TB Program, and the support of FSM and RMI national governments. Many experts have contributed to this study: the authors particularly acknowledge Krista Powell, Risa Bukbuk, Andrew Heetderks, Roylinne Wada, Kasian Otoko, Matthew Bankowski, Mayleen Ekiek, Ann Buff, Maryam Haddad, Kinisalote Tikomaidraubuta, Kashef Ijaz and Amy Sandul. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD APR PY 2016 VL 35 IS 4 BP 414 EP 421 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000001022 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA DH5PL UT WOS:000372843600011 PM 26658531 ER PT J AU Augusto, AD Young, PW Horth, RZ Inguane, C Sathane, I Ngale, K Benedetti, M Cummings, B Botao, CFS Baltazar, CAS Frank, H Fagan, J Raymond, HF McFarland, W AF Augusto, Angelo do Rosario Young, Peter W. Horth, Roberta Z. Inguane, Celso Sathane, Isabel Ngale, Katia Benedetti, Marcos Cummings, Beverley Sande Botao, Carlos Francisco Sema Baltazar, Cynthia Amino Frank, Heidi Fagan, Jennifer Raymond, Henry Fisher McFarland, Willi TI High Burden of HIV Infection and Risk Behaviors Among Female Sex Workers in Three Main Urban Areas of Mozambique SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV prevalence; Female sex workers; Mozambique; Sub-Saharan Africa; Respondent-driven sampling; Behavioral surveillance ID HIDDEN POPULATIONS; INTERVENTIONS; METAANALYSIS; PREVENTION; COUNTRIES AB This is the first integrated biological and behavioral survey among female sex workers (FSW) in Mozambique. Using respondent-driven sampling, 400, 411 and 429 FSW were enrolled respectively in Maputo, Beira and Nampula in 2011-2012. Estimates were produced using RDSAT 7.1. HIV prevalence was 31.2, 23.6, and 17.8 % in each location respectively. Among HIV-positive FSW, 48.1, 79.8 and 89.6 % in each city, were unaware of their serostatus. Condom use at last sex with a client was 85.8, 73.4 and 62.8 % among FSW, respectively. HIV was associated with current age, age of first sex for money, low educational level, and having had a genital ulcer in the last 6 months. Results suggest the urgent need to increase behavioral and structural interventions in this key population. C1 [Augusto, Angelo do Rosario; Sande Botao, Carlos Francisco; Sema Baltazar, Cynthia Amino] Minist Saude, Inst Nacl Saude, Maputo, Mozambique. [Young, Peter W.; Cummings, Beverley; Frank, Heidi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maputo, Mozambique. [Horth, Roberta Z.; Raymond, Henry Fisher; McFarland, Willi] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Inguane, Celso; Sathane, Isabel] I TECH, Maputo, Mozambique. [Ngale, Katia; Benedetti, Marcos] Pathfinder Int, Maputo, Mozambique. [Fagan, Jennifer] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Augusto, AD (reprint author), Minist Saude, Inst Nacl Saude, Maputo, Mozambique. EM araugustoangelo@gmail.com FU U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U2GPS001468] FX The authors would like to thank the members of the IBBS-FSW field teams for their dedication and effort in collecting survey data. This research has been supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) under the terms of Cooperative Agreement Number U2GPS001468. The views expressed in this manuscript do not necessarily reflect the views of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the U.S. Government. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 EI 1573-3254 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD APR PY 2016 VL 20 IS 4 BP 799 EP 810 DI 10.1007/s10461-015-1140-9 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA DH7HF UT WOS:000372962700012 ER PT J AU Stephenson, R Grabbe, KL Sidibe, T McWilliams, A Sullivan, PS AF Stephenson, Rob Grabbe, Kristina L. Sidibe, Turquoise McWilliams, Anthony Sullivan, Patrick S. TI Technical Assistance Needs for Successful Implementation of Couples HIV Testing and Counseling (CHTC) Intervention for Male Couples at US HIV Testing Sites SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV testing; Couples; Technical assistance; Counseling; Same-sex ID DISCORDANT COUPLES; UNITED-STATES; PARTNERS; MEN; SEX; PREVENTION; AGREEMENTS; INFECTION AB The African couples HIV testing and counseling (CHTC) model, which focuses on heterosexual couples, was adapted for same-sex male couples in the US. This paper presents the results of a follow-up survey conducted with representatives of the agencies that received CHTC training. The paper aims to understand the post-training implementation and identify critical technical assistance gaps. There are clear needs for continual learning opportunities, focused on the key skills required for CHTC, and for resources aimed at tackling agency-level concerns about service provision and integration. Central to this is the need for implementation science research that can identify the messages that are effective in encouraging couples to utilize CHTC and test models of service integration. C1 [Stephenson, Rob] Univ Michigan, Sch Nursing, Dept Hlth Behav & Biol Sci, 400 North Ingalls, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Stephenson, Rob] Univ Michigan, Sch Nursing, Ctr Sexual & Hlth Dispar, 400 North Ingalls, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Grabbe, Kristina L.; Sidibe, Turquoise] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [McWilliams, Anthony; Sullivan, Patrick S.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Stephenson, R (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Nursing, Dept Hlth Behav & Biol Sci, 400 North Ingalls, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.; Stephenson, R (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Nursing, Ctr Sexual & Hlth Dispar, 400 North Ingalls, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM rbsteph@umich.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 EI 1573-3254 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD APR PY 2016 VL 20 IS 4 BP 841 EP 847 DI 10.1007/s10461-015-1150-7 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA DH7HF UT WOS:000372962700016 PM 26253221 ER PT J AU Rudd, RA Aleshire, N Zibbell, JE Gladden, RM AF Rudd, R. A. Aleshire, N. Zibbell, J. E. Gladden, R. Matthew TI Increases in Drug and Opioid Overdose DeathsUnited States, 2000-2014 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES AB Deaths from opioid overdoses are increasing in the United States, which may have an impact on the organ donor pool. C1 [Rudd, R. A.; Aleshire, N.; Zibbell, J. E.; Gladden, R. Matthew] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rudd, RA (reprint author), CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rvr2@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD APR PY 2016 VL 16 IS 4 BP 1323 EP 1327 DI 10.1111/ajt.13776 PG 5 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA DH8VQ UT WOS:000373075400035 PM 27003853 ER PT J AU Lanciotti, RS Lambert, AJ AF Lanciotti, Robert S. Lambert, Amy J. TI Phylogenetic Analysis of Chikungunya Virus Strains Circulating in the Western Hemisphere SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID INDIA AB In December 2013, chikungunya virus (CHIKV) was isolated for the first time in the Western Hemisphere (WH) during an epidemic on the island of St. Martin. Subsequently, the virus has spread to 42 countries or territories in the Caribbean, Central, South, and North America. In this study, we have determined the full genomic sequences of 29 temporally and geographically diverse CHIKV strains from 16 countries of the WH. Phylogenetic analyses revealed minimal evolution among compared emergent CHIKV strains of the New World. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Lanciotti, Robert S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Lambert, Amy J.] Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Lambert, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Arbovirus Dis Branch, 3150 Rampart Rd,Foothills Res Campus, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM rsl2@cdc.gov; ahk7@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 2016 VL 94 IS 4 BP 800 EP 803 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0375 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA DI1FQ UT WOS:000373242400017 PM 26856917 ER PT J AU Johnson, BW Goodman, CH Jee, Y Featherstone, DA AF Johnson, Barbara W. Goodman, Christin H. Jee, Youngmee Featherstone, David A. TI Differential Diagnosis of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infections with the Inbios JE Detect (TM) and DEN Detect (TM) MAC-ELISA Kits SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; UNITED-STATES; IGM; SAMPLES; SURVEILLANCE; MENINGITIS; BANGLADESH; RESPONSES AB Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the leading cause of pediatric viral neurological disease in Asia. The JEVspecific IgM antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MAC-ELISA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum is the recommended method of laboratory diagnosis, but specificity of JEV; MAC-ELISA can be low due to cross-reactivity. To increase the specificity of the commercially available JE Detectm MAC-ELISA (JE Detect), a differential testing algorithm was developed in which samples tested by JE Detect with positive results were subsequently tested by the DEN DetectTM MAC-ELISA (DEN Detect) kit, and results of both tests were used to make the final interpretation. The testing algorithm was evaluated with a reference panel of serum and CSF samples submitted for confirmatory testing. In serum, the false Japanese encephalitis (JE) positive rate was reduced, but sequential testing in CSF resulted in reduced JE specificity, as true JEV+ CSF samples had positive results by both JE Detect and DEN Detect and were classified as JE- (dengue virus PENVI+). Differential diagnosis of JE by sequential testing with JE Detect and DEN Detect increased specificity for JE in serum, but more data with CSF is needed to make a final determination on the usefulness of this testing algorithm for CSF. C1 [Johnson, Barbara W.; Goodman, Christin H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Arboviral Dis Branch, Diagnost & Reference Lab, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Jee, Youngmee] Korea Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Hlth, Ctr Immunol & Pathol, Seoul, South Korea. [Featherstone, David A.] WHO, Reg Off Western Pacific, Expanded Programme Immunizat, Manila, Philippines. RP Johnson, BW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Arboviral Dis Branch, Diagnost & Reference Lab, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM bfj9@cdc.gov; bvv0@cdc.gov; jeey62@gmail.com; featherstoned@gmail.com NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 2016 VL 94 IS 4 BP 820 EP 828 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0631 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA DI1FQ UT WOS:000373242400020 PM 26856911 ER PT J AU Thiele, EA Cama, VA Lakwo, T Mekasha, S Abanyie, F Sleshi, M Kebede, A Cantey, PT AF Thiele, Elizabeth A. Cama, Vitaliano A. Lakwo, Thomson Mekasha, Sindeaw Abanyie, Francisca Sleshi, Markos Kebede, Amha Cantey, Paul T. TI Detection of Onchocerca volvulus in Skin Snips by Microscopy and Real -Time Polymerase Chain Reaction: Implications for Monitoring and Evaluation Activities SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID PARASITOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS; WUCHERERIA-BANCROFTI; MANSONELLA-PERSTANS; NESTED-PCR; ELIMINATION; DNA; IVERMECTIN; INFECTION; DISCRIMINATION; MICROFILARIAE AB Microscopic evaluation of skin biopsies is the monitoring and evaluation (M and E) method currently used by multiple onchocerciasis elimination programs in Africa. However, as repeated mass drug administration suppresses microfilarial loads, the sensitivity and programmatic utility of skin snip microscopy is expected to decrease. Using a pan -filarial real-time polymerase chain reaction with melt curve analysis (qPCR-MCA), we evaluated 1) the use of a single-step molecular assay for detecting and identifying Onchocerca volvulus microfilariae in residual skin snips and 2) the sensitivity of skin snip microscopy relative to qPCR-MCA. Skin snips were collected and examined with routine microscopy in hyperendemic regions of Uganda and Ethiopia (N = 500 each) and "residual" skin snips (tissue remaining after induced microfilarial emergence) were tested with qPCR-MCA. qPCR-MCA detected _Onchocerca DNA in 223 residual snips: 139 of 147 microscopy(+) and 84 among microscopy() snips, suggesting overall sensitivity of microscopy was 62.3% (139/223) relative to qPCR-MCA (75.6% in Uganda and 28.6% in Ethiopia). These findings demonstrate the insufficient sensitivity of skin snip microscopy for reliable programmatic monitoring. Molecular tools such as qPCR-MCA can augment sensitivity and provide diagnostic confirmation of skin biopsies and will be useful for evaluation or validation of new onchocerciasis M and E tools. C1 [Cama, Vitaliano A.; Abanyie, Francisca; Cantey, Paul T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Parasit Dis Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Lakwo, Thomson] Minist Hlth, Vector Control Div, Kampala, Uganda. [Mekasha, Sindeaw; Sleshi, Markos; Kebede, Amha] Ethiopian Publ Hlth Inst, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Thiele, Elizabeth A.] Vassar Coll, Dept Biol, Poughkeepsie, NY 12601 USA. RP Cama, VA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Parasit Dis Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM elthiele@vassar.edu; vcama@cdc.gov; tlakwo@gmail.com; mekashasindeaw@yahoo.com; why6@cdc.gov; markossleshi@yahoo.com; amha.kebede@gmail.com; pcantey@cdc.gov FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) FX This work was supported by a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Elizabeth A. Thiele was supported by a Postdoctoral Fellowship through the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 2016 VL 94 IS 4 BP 906 EP 911 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0695 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA DI1FQ UT WOS:000373242400034 PM 26880774 ER PT J AU Jarquin, C Arnold, BF Munoz, F Lopez, B Cuellar, VM Thornton, A Patel, J Reyes, L Roy, SL Bryan, JP McCracken, JP Colford, JM AF Jarquin, Claudia Arnold, Benjamin F. Munoz, Fredy Lopez, Beatriz Cuellar, Victoria M. Thornton, Andrew Patel, Jaymin Reyes, Lisette Roy, Sharon L. Bryan, Joe P. McCracken, John P. Colford, John M., Jr. TI Population Density, Poor Sanitation, and Enteric Infections in Nueva Santa Rosa, Guatemala SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID DIARRHEAL DISEASE; HEALTH; SOIL; TRANSMISSION; HOUSEHOLD; NOROVIRUS; DYNAMICS; CHILDREN; PROGRAM; ISSUES AB Poor sanitation could pose greater risk for enteric pathogen transmission at higher human population densities because of greater potential for pathogens to infect new hosts through environmentally mediated and person-to-person transmission. We hypothesized that incidence and prevalence of diarrhea, enteric protozoans, and soil -transmitted helminth infections would be higher in high -population -density areas compared with low -population -density areas, and that poor sanitation would pose greater risk for these enteric infections at high density compared with low density. We tested our hypotheses using 6 years of clinic -based diarrhea surveillance (2007-2013) including 4,360 geolocated diarrhea cases tested for 13 pathogens and a 2010 cross-sectional survey that measured environmental exposures from 204 households (920 people) and tested 701 stool specimens for enteric parasites. We found that population density was not a key determinant of enteric infection nor a strong effect modifier of risk posed by poor household sanitation in this setting. C1 [Jarquin, Claudia] Univ Valle Guatemala, Ctr Hlth Studies, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala. [Arnold, Benjamin F.; Colford, John M., Jr.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Patel, Jaymin] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Reyes, Lisette] Minist Publ Hlth & Social Assistance, Cuilapa Hlth Area, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Bryan, Joe P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cent Amer Reg Off, Int Emerging Infect Program, Div Global Hlth Protect, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Munoz, Fredy; Lopez, Beatriz; McCracken, John P.] Univ Valle Guatemala, Ctr Estudios Salud, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala. [Cuellar, Victoria M.; Thornton, Andrew; Roy, Sharon L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodbome Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Roy, Sharon L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jarquin, C (reprint author), Univ Valle Guatemala, Ctr Hlth Studies, Emerging Infect Dis Program, 11 Calle 15-79,Zona 15 VH III, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala. EM cjarquin@ces.uvg.edu.gt; benarnold@berkeley.edu; fredym@gmail.com; blopez@ces.uvg.edu.gt; vcuella983@gmail.com; thornton.andyt@gmail.com; jaymin86@gmail.com; drsamuelpablobr@gmail.com; str2@cdc.gov; zbg5@cdc.gov; jmccracken@ces.uvg.edu.gt; jcolford@berkeley.edu OI Lopez, Beatriz/0000-0003-1353-9948 FU American People through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID); USAID under Translating Research into Action [GHS-A-00-09-00015-00] FX This study is made possible by the support of the American People through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). This study was funded by the USAID under Translating Research into Action, Cooperative Agreement GHS-A-00-09-00015-00. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Cooperative Agreements between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, 1UO1GH000028 and 1UO1GH001003, supported primary data collection. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 2016 VL 94 IS 4 BP 912 EP 919 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0555 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA DI1FQ UT WOS:000373242400035 PM 26856919 ER PT J AU Menon, MP Njau, JD McFarland, DA AF Menon, Manoj P. Njau, Joseph D. McFarland, Deborah A. CA Uganda Malaria Indicator Survey TI Cost and Predictors of Care-Seeking Behaviors among Caregivers of Febrile Children-Uganda, 2009 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; HEALTH-CARE; COMBINATION THERAPY; CHILDHOOD ILLNESSES; MALARIA TREATMENT; BED NETS; POOR; TANZANIA; NIGERIA AB Fever is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children under 5 years of age in resource -limited countries. Although prevention and treatment of febrile illnesses have improved, the costs both financial and nonfinancial remain barriers to care. Using data from the 2009 Uganda Malaria Indicator Survey, we describe the costs associated with the care of a febrile child and assess predictors of care-seeking behavior. Over 80% of caregivers sought care for their febrile child, however less than half did so on either the day of or the day after the development of fever. The odds of seeking care decreased with each additional month of the child's age. Caregivers living in rural areas were more likely to seek care, however were less likely to seek care promptly. Caregivers with at least a primary school education and those familiar with the protective effect of bed nets and the need to seek care promptly were more likely to seek care. Despite government assistance, the majority of caregivers did incur costs (mean 13,173 Ugandan shilling; $6.84 U.S. dollars) associated with medical care. Continued efforts targeting barriers to seeking care, including the economic burden, are necessary. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Malaria & Parasit Dis, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-12, Atlanta, GA USA. [Menon, Manoj P.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Menon, Manoj P.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Vaccine & Infect Dis Div, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [McFarland, Deborah A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Menon, Manoj P.; Njau, Joseph D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-12, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Menon, MP (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Vaccine & Infect Dis Div, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM mmenon@flierc.org; jnjau@cdc.gov; dmcfarl@emory.edu FU U.S. Agency for International Development; U.S. President's Malaria Initiative; Career Development in Clinical Hematology award [5K12 HL 087165] FX Funding for the UMIS was provided by the U.S. Agency for International Development and the U.S. President's Malaria Initiative. The support for MPM was also provided via Career Development in Clinical Hematology award (5K12 HL 087165). NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 2016 VL 94 IS 4 BP 932 EP 937 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0730 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA DI1FQ UT WOS:000373242400037 PM 26880780 ER PT J AU Neri, AJ Momin, BR Thompson, TD Kahende, J Zhang, L Puckett, MC Stewart, SL AF Neri, Antonio J. Momin, Behnoosh R. Thompson, Trevor D. Kahende, Jennifer Zhang, Lei Puckett, Mary C. Stewart, Sherri L. TI Use and effectiveness of quitlines versus Web-based tobacco cessation interventions among 4 state tobacco control programs SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE comparative effectiveness research; health care economics and organizations; intervention studies; social media; tobacco use cessation ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SMOKING-CESSATION; INTERNET ASSISTANCE; CLINICAL-TRIAL; TELEPHONE; OUTCOMES; PHONE AB BACKGROUNDComparative effectiveness studies of state tobacco quitlines and Web-based tobacco cessation interventions are limited. In 2009, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention undertook a study of the comparative effectiveness of state quitlines and Web-based tobacco cessation interventions. METHODSStandardized questionnaires were administered to smokers who enrolled exclusively in either quitlines or Web-based tobacco cessation services in 4 states in 2011-2012. The primary outcome was the 30-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA) rate at 7 months both between and within interventions. RESULTSA total of 4086 participants were included in the analysis. Quitline users were significantly older, more heterogeneous in terms of race and ethnicity, less educated, less likely to be employed, and more often single than Web-based users. The 7-month 30-day PPA rate was 32% for quitline users and 27% for Web-based users. Multivariate models comparing 30-day PPA rates between interventions indicated that significantly increased odds of quitting were associated with being partnered, not living with another smoker, low baseline cigarette use, and more interactions with the intervention. After adjustments for demographic and tobacco use characteristics, quitline users had 1.26 the odds of being abstinent in comparison with Web-based users (95% confidence interval, 1.00-1.58; P = .053). CONCLUSIONSThis is one of the largest comparative effectiveness studies of state tobacco cessation interventions to date. These findings will help public health agencies develop and tailor evidence-based tobacco cessation programs. Further research should focus on users of Web-based cessation interventions sponsored by state health departments and their cost-effectiveness. Cancer 2016;122:1126-1133. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Limited information exists for comparing state quitlines and Web-based tobacco cessation interventions. Exclusive users of quitlines and Web-based interventions are different with respect to demographics and tobacco use. The intervention type approaches but does not meet statistical significance as a factor associated with 30-day abstinence measured at 7 months' follow-up in a model adjusted for demographics and tobacco use. C1 [Neri, Antonio J.; Momin, Behnoosh R.; Thompson, Trevor D.; Puckett, Mary C.; Stewart, Sherri L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kahende, Jennifer; Zhang, Lei] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Neri, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM aneri@cdc.gov FU US Government's American Recovery and Reinvestment Act through the Office of the Secretary [200-2008-27958] FX This project was administered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention with funds from the US Government's 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act through the Office of the Secretary (award 200-2008-27958, task order 0014). NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X EI 1097-0142 J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD APR 1 PY 2016 VL 122 IS 7 BP 1126 EP 1133 DI 10.1002/cncr.29739 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA DI3AK UT WOS:000373370400019 PM 26854479 ER PT J AU Wainman, BC Kesner, JS Martin, ID Meadows, JW Krieg, EF Nieboer, E Tsuji, LJ AF Wainman, Bruce C. Kesner, James S. Martin, Ian D. Meadows, Juliana W. Krieg, Edward F., Jr. Nieboer, Evert Tsuji, Leonard J. TI Menstrual cycle perturbation by organohalogens and elements in the Cree of James Bay, Canada SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Lead; Mercury; Cadmium; Persistent organic pollutants; Hormones; Menstrual cycle; Cree ID FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE; PERSISTENT ORGANOCHLORINE POLLUTANTS; 1ST NATIONS PEOPLE; REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES; CAFFEINE CONSUMPTION; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS; PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; REFERENCE VALUES AB Persistent organohalogens (POHs) and metals have been linked to alterations in menstrual cycle function and fertility in humans. The Cree First Nations people living near James Bay in Ontario and Quebec, Canada, have elevated levels of POHs, mercury and lead compared to other Canadians. The present study examines the interrelationships between selected POHs and elements on menstrual cycle function in these Cree women. Menstrual cycle characteristics were derived from structured daily diaries and endocrine measurements from daily urine samples collected during one cycle for 42 women age 19-42. We measured 31 POHs in blood plasma and 18 elements in whole blood, for 31 of the participants. POHs and elements detected in >= 70% of the participants were transformed by principal component (PC) analysis to reduce the contaminant exposure data to fewer, uncorrelated PCA variables. Multiple regression analysis revealed that, after adjusting for confounders, PC-3 values showed significant negative association with cycle length, after adjusting for confounders (p = 0.002). PC-3 accounted for 9.2% of the variance and shows positive loadings for cadmium, selenium, and PBDE congeners 47 and 153, and a negative loading for copper. Sensitivity analysis of the model to quantify likely effect sizes showed a range of menstrual cycle length from 25.3 to 28.3 days using the lower and upper 95% confidence limits of mean measured contaminant concentrations to predict cycle length. Our observations support the hypothesis that the menstrual cycle function of these women may be altered by exposure to POHs and elements from their environment. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wainman, Bruce C.] McMaster Univ, Dept Pathol & Mol Med, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. [Kesner, James S.; Meadows, Juliana W.; Krieg, Edward F., Jr.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Martin, Ian D.] Ian Martin Consultants, Elora, ON N0B 1S0, Canada. [Nieboer, Evert] McMaster Univ, Biochem & Biomed Sci, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. [Nieboer, Evert] Univ Tromso, Inst Community Med, N-9001 Tromso, Norway. [Tsuji, Leonard J.] Univ Toronto Scarborough, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Hlth Studies, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada. RP Wainman, BC (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Educ Program Anat, HSC 1R1G,1280 Main St West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. EM wainmanb@mcmaster.ca FU Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Institute of Aboriginal Peoples Health FX Partial funding was provided by Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Institute of Aboriginal Peoples Health. NR 82 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD APR PY 2016 VL 149 BP 190 EP 201 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.12.056 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DH4MM UT WOS:000372760100023 PM 26855224 ER PT J AU Han, B Crosby, AE Ortega, LAG Parks, SE Compton, WM Gfroerer, J AF Han, Beth Crosby, Alex E. Ortega, LaVonne A. G. Parks, Sharyn E. Compton, Wilson M. Gfroerer, Joseph TI Suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and occupations among employed adults aged 18-64 years in the United States SO COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID MORTALITY; PATTERNS; POLICE; CANADA AB Objective: Approximately 70% of all US suicides are among working-age adults. This study was to determine whether and how 12-month suicidal ideation and suicide attempt were associated with specific occupations among currently employed adults aged 18-64 in the U.S. Methods: Data were from 184,300 currently employed adults who participated in the 2008-2013 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). NSDUH provides nationally representative data on suicidal ideation and suicide attempt. Descriptive analyses and multivariable logistic regressions were conducted. Results: Among currently employed adults aged 18-64 in the U.S., 3.5% had suicidal ideation in the past 12 months (3.1% had suicidal ideation only, and 0.4% had suicidal ideation and attempted suicide). Compared with adults in farming, fishing, and forestry occupations (model adjusted prevalence (MAP) = 1.6%), adults in the following occupations were 3.0-3.6 times more likely to have suicidal ideation in the past year (model adjusted relative risks (MARRs) = 3.0-3.6): lawyers, judges, and legal support workers (MAP = 4.8%), social scientists and related workers (MAP = 5.4%), and media and communication workers (MAP = 5.8%). Conclusions: Among employed adults aged 18-64 in the U.S., the 12-month prevalence of suicidal ideation varies by occupations. Adults in occupations that are at elevated risk for suicidal ideation may warrant focused suicide prevention. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Han, Beth; Gfroerer, Joseph] Subst Abuse & Mental Hlth Serv Adm, Paris, France. [Crosby, Alex E.; Parks, Sharyn E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ortega, LaVonne A. G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Compton, Wilson M.] NIDA, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Han, B (reprint author), 5600 Fishers Lane 15E13B, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. EM Beth.Han@SAMHSA.HHS.GOV FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0010-440X EI 1532-8384 J9 COMPR PSYCHIAT JI Compr. Psychiat. PD APR PY 2016 VL 66 BP 176 EP 186 DI 10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.02.001 PG 11 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA DH4ML UT WOS:000372760000023 PM 26995251 ER EF